ANNEX 
 
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P L 17 3 5" 
 
 4^+1 + 
 
 QforttcU InioEtaity ffiibrarg 
 
 Stljaca, 5Jtm Hork 
 
 CHARLES WILLIAM WASON 
 COLLECTION 
 
 CHINA AND THE CHINESE 
 
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 CHARLES WILLIAM WASON 
 
 CLASS OF 1876 
 
 1918 
 
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 Cornell University Library 
 PL 1735.D41 
 
 A handbook of the Canton vernacular of t 
 
 3 1924 023 550 951 
 
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 Cornell University 
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 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924023550951 
 
m s 
 
 it 
 
 CH'O HOK KAI 
 
 I 
 
 1 - "^ ^/..t^iffffH C^ 
 
 ;8a ^ 
 
 *~ HANDBOOK 
 
 THE CANTON VEENACULAR 
 
 CHINESE LANGUAGE. 
 
 being a series op introductory lessons, for domestic and business 
 
 purposes. 
 
 By N. B. DENNYS, m.r.a.s., &c. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 TKTJBISrEIl <Sb CO. 
 
 HONGKONG: "CHINA MAIL" OFFICE, 
 
 1874. 
 
PL 17 36' 
 3M-1 + 
 
 \l^0<o^ 
 
 PRINTED AT THE "CHINA MAIL" OFFICE, HONGKONG. 
 
 All Rights Reserved. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The want of any work which even attempts to impart in a systematic way a 
 knowledge of the Canton Vernacular, will, it is hoped, be a sufBcient excuse for the 
 publication of the following pages. That there is no "Royal Road" to acquiring 
 any of the spoken languages of China is a fact verified by the lengthened experi- 
 ence of many European students : but that their acquisition can be facilitated or 
 retarded, according to the means used, is an obvious truism. To no vernacular 
 is the application of system, by those who study it, more necessary than to 
 Cantonese, and to none has less systematic effort been applied to smooth the path of 
 beginners. Numerous works have, indeed, made their appearance since Dr. Morrison 
 first placed in the hands of his countrymen a tolerably effective key to the study of 
 the written language, but, valuable as they nearly all are, two only — those of 
 Bridgman and Williams — were even designed to furnish progressive lessons on any 
 intelligible plan. 
 
 The author is conscious of his temerity in thus venturing upon a task which 
 so many better qualified have declined ; the more so as the time at his disposal for 
 the compilation of the work has been restricted to the brief intervals of leisure 
 allowed by more pressing avocations. Those, however, who best know its 
 difBculties, will, probably, be most lenient in judging him, and most ready to 
 recognize whatever of good there may be in the effort. He is of course largely 
 indebted to all who have previously treated the subject, and to particularize would 
 be to simply name every writer who has ever dealt with the Canton vernacular. In 
 so far as this attempt may be held to have failed, more competent hands may find 
 hints for fresh efforts. The lessons herein given make no pretence of being more 
 than introductory for those who intend to make a study of the language the business 
 of their lives; but they will probably be found sufficient for those who desire 
 
II PREFACE. 
 
 only to obtain a mere every-day acquaintance witli Cantonese for business 
 and domestic purposes. That numerous errors will be found in these pages 
 — especially in the tones, regarding which there exists an endless diversity of 
 opinion, — is highly probable, but it has not been deemed necessary to make a table 
 of errata for those detected. 
 
 The Author most warmly acknowledged the valuable aid he has received from 
 Mr. F. Stewart, M.A. the Inspector of Government Schools, both in his encourage- 
 ment to attempt the publication of the work, and in his kind revision of the proof 
 sheets. To the Rev. E. J. Eitel Ph.D., to whose scholarly advice and help is due 
 tlie absence of far more numerous errors than are even now apparent, his obliga- 
 tions are of the deepest nature. His thanks are also due to his brother, Mr. H. L. 
 Dennys, for assistance in the preparation of the sentences which form the examples 
 to each lesson, and to Mr. Chun Ayin for similar aid in the Chinese manuscript. 
 In conclusion he would beg students to point out to him what they deem faulty, 
 as, though perfection in such a work is almost unattainable, hints towards improve- 
 ment will be most valuable should a second edition be called for. 
 
 Hongkong, November, 1874. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Under tlie belief that a few brief remarks upon the most striking characteristics 
 of the Chinese language generally, and of the Canton dialect more particularly, will 
 be of service to intending students, they are hereunder subjoined. 
 
 The Spoken Languages of China, which embrace four strongly marked divi- 
 sions known as the Mandarin, Fuhkien, Cantonese and Hakka Vernaculars, are re- 
 puted to include some 360 dialects, many of which present but very slight differences 
 of word or idiom. The Vernaculars, on the other hand, are to all intents and pur- 
 poses, distinct languages, connected together only by the common use of the same 
 written character and idiom. A popular, but very mistaken, notion is prevalent, on 
 the part of those unacquainted with Chinese, that a sentence of Cantonese, written 
 as it is spoken, is necessarily intelligible to a native of another part of the Empire. 
 This is by no means the case, but as Cantonese and Tartars alike use a style of 
 written composition understood by all, men who cannot understand a word of each 
 others' speech can at once understand each others' letters or dispatches. They 
 therefore possess a common literature, Avhich justifies iis in talking of "Chinese" as 
 if the term referred to but one language, possessing only different dialects. It is 
 here unnecessary to enter into any disquisition upon the genius of this written 
 language, which must form the subject of a separate work. It will be sufficient to 
 say that the characters used to represent words consist of various combinations of 
 certain signs, a vast proportion of which, now-a-days arbitrary, can be traced to an 
 original hieroglyphic or ideographic representation of the object alluded to. Under 
 the system now in use 214 of these signs, usually termed "radicals," have been 
 selected as the "keys" under which every character in the language is ranged. 
 They therefore take the place of western alphabets, with the serious difference that 
 they do not by any means necessarily indicate the sound of the characters found 
 under them. The acquisition of the written or " book " language, as it is for con- 
 venience termed, hence becomes a very serious effort of memory to the majority 
 of students. 
 
 The present work is intended primarily for those who desire in the first 
 instance to acquire a knowledge of the vernacular only, the Chinese type being 
 
2 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 used, chlelly, to allow a native teacher to correct the student's pronunciation ; 
 and the author strongly recommends a preliminary six months oral study of the 
 language before the written character is attacked. Many eminent scholars, however, 
 recommend a contrary course, and maintain that no word should be deemed as 
 learnt until the character expressing it is mastered also. The objections to this 
 are, that as many characters have a different sense in the colloquial to that they 
 possess in the " book" style, some confusion is therefore likely to arise in the 
 student's mind; while the difficulties of mastering the characters will probably so 
 retard him in his study of the colloquial, that the enthusiasm of a beginner is 
 apt to become unduly damped. There is, however, nothing to prevent any one 
 so minded from studying both simultaneously. The only necessary caution is that 
 in Chinese every step must be thoroughli/ mastered. Superficial work is essentially 
 wasted work. 
 
 The Structuee of the vernaculars of China has, like the written language, 
 been the subject of much misconception. The Chiaese is one of a group of 
 tongues which, numerically few, are nevertheless spoken by a third of the world's 
 inhabitants. This group — which includes Chinese, Annamese, Burmese, Siamese 
 and Shyan — is usually denominated by philologists " monosyllabic," meaning 
 that nearly every word is in them expressed by a monosyllable. This 
 definition, while fairly applicable to the written forms, is, however, by no means 
 applicable to the coUoquials. Owing to causes we need not here stop to discuss 
 Chinese, at a very early date, appears to have stopped short in that process of com- 
 bining sounds which gives to western tongues their variety and adaptability, and 
 hence possesses only some five hundred syllables in each vernacular. It is obvious 
 that under such circumstances a vast number of words possessing no likeness to 
 each other in our own language must be pronounced alike in Chinese. Some inge- 
 nuity has been, however, displayed in extending this slender stocks of syllables by 
 giving to each a different mode of pronunciation, by means of tones. In this way the 
 Cantonese have contrived to distinguish some three thousand vocables. But even 
 this leaves an enormous number of words exactly similar in pronunciation, the entire 
 written language numbering some forty thousand significatives. So long as the 
 written language alone was to be dealt with, this was comparatively unimportant. 
 It was far otherwise with the coUoquials, and necessity soon led to an improvement, 
 which, while it made their acquisition and use far more easy, hopelessly cut off that 
 intimate connection between the written and the spoken languages which obtains 
 with western tongues. Words were introduced which, combined with the vocables 
 dealt with, at once rendered their meaning clear to the listener. It was as if we had 
 a hundred words in English all pronounced like the word air, and in order to dis- 
 tinguish them we called them hreaih-air, son-heir, time-e'er, &c. Hence the verna- 
 culars of China cannot be deemed monosyllabic. 
 
INTEODUCTION. 3 
 
 It is customary to assert tliat Chinese has no Grammar, and, if by that it be 
 meant that its construction outrages western ideas of grammar, the assertion is true. 
 The same word constantly does duty for various parts of speech — just as if we, 
 taking the word "ambition" used it as a noun, adjective, adverb, verb, &o, as con- 
 venient, and were to say " lie likes amtebra," "he is an amJfe'ore man," "he did it 
 ambition,^' " he ambition that post.'' Now we do, with such a word, use it very mucb 
 in that way (ambition, ambitious, ambitiously &c,) but we inflect it. The Chinese 
 do not; and moreover they use almost any word in a similar manner. But to 
 assert that they have "no Grammar'' is to assert a manifest absurdity, as no language 
 can exist without some custom of forming sentences, which in time becomes the 
 grammarian's rule. 
 
 In these remarks no pretence has been made of doing more than very briefly 
 sketching the nature of the language the student is about to essay. Most of the 
 dictionaries, Williams' "Middle Kingdom,'' and other works will give ample infor- 
 mation on the subject. In conclusion, the author can only quote the oft repeated 
 dictum "Patientia omnia vincit" — even Chinese. 
 
 The following remarks should be thoroughly mastered by the student before 
 proceeding to the lessons. 
 
 On The Tones. 
 
 The vernaculars of China diifer from almost all other spoken tongues* in 
 possessing certain peculiarities which to Europeans render the task of acquiring 
 them one of extreme difficulty. These are usually termed tones, or inflections of 
 the voice which give to each spoken word a sound not dissimilar to that which, with 
 us, conveys a sense of some emotion — such as suprise, joy, grief, etc — on the part of 
 the speaker. Many and various have been the attempts made by writers on the 
 Chinese language to convey, by means of illustrations drawn from our own, some 
 idea of their nature. It must be candidly confessed that, at best, these efforts have 
 been only partially successful, nor can we hope in these pages to arrive at a much 
 more satisfactory result. Attention to the following remarks will however, ensure a 
 tolerable comprehension of the general meaning of the tonal system. Every spoken 
 word in any language may of course be pronounced in more than one way, though 
 our perception of that fact is somewhat deadened by our own custom of confining 
 differences of intonation to expressions of emotion. The least tutored ear will detect 
 the difference between the word when, in the sentence, " When he comes back, ask 
 him,'' and the same word enquiringly ejaculated — as for instance if you tell a man 
 that his son went away yesterday, and he angrily responds When ? The drawn-out, 
 
 * Burmese, Siamese, and Shyan possess something resembling tones, but they are far less 
 in number and consequently less embaiTassing than in Gliiuese. 
 
4 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 anxious, surprised tone in which the same word may be pronounced in answer to 
 some unexpected statement, will also be perceived to differ from either of the fore- 
 going. The following short dialogue, which is taken, with a slight alteration, from 
 Mr. Wade's Mandarin Course, will perhaps best convey the idea of the four funda- 
 mental tones to the learner's mind. The words italicised are pronounced very 
 nearly like the four tones of the mandarin dialect. Three persons, A, B, & C, are 
 supposed to be speaking. 
 
 A. (1). Poor X died this morning 
 
 B. (2). (suddenly and emphatically) — Diedl 
 
 C. (3). (somewhat sadly and slowly — evidently moved) W-h-a-t ? 
 
 A. (4). (the first speaker, abruptly, as if not wishing to say any more) Yes ! 
 Taking the line A. B. hereunder to represent the normal modulation of the 
 voice, these tones would be symbolically expressed as follows : — 
 
 A 1st tone...^- 2nd tone...*' 3rd tone.... 4th tone. ..v B 
 
 even. riBing. falling ques- abrupt and sliglit- 
 
 tioning;. ly falling. 
 
 Now, Cantonese possesses eight tones, which may be described as two sets of 
 four, each set being very similar to the above. The distinction between them is 
 tliat the one set is pronounced with the voice pitched nearly a fourth of the musical 
 octave higher than that used for the other. They are thus named and arranged : — 
 
 12 3 4 
 
 Uppek Series — sheuruj-ping sheung-sheung sheung-hu' slieung-yap. 
 LowEE Series — ha-ping ha-sheung' ha-hii' ha-yap. 
 
 It must be remembered that these tones are often quite independent of the 
 emotion to be expressed, so that words pronounced in a surprised way do not 
 necessarily express any surprise on the part of the speaker. The tones doubtless 
 took their origin in the paucity of original vocables, the list of which, by some 
 singular accident, has remained almost as restricted as it was two thousand years 
 ago. It does not appear that the same vocables have always retained the same 
 tones, but any dissertation on that subject would here be out of place. Suffice it 
 to say that the tones present a stumbling-block to the student which must be man- 
 fully attacked at the outset, until ear and tongue are alike accustomed to detect and 
 pronounce each method of intonation. But one rule for acquiring them can be 
 given to the student — to observe the habit of constant practice. 
 
 In the following lessons the tone of each word given in the vocabularies is care- 
 fully marked according to the plan given above. This has not, however, been 
 done with the illustrative sentences, inasmuch as the pronunciation in roman type 
 is intended simply as an aid to the student's memory. The correct rythm and tone 
 of each individual sentence must be independently and accurately learned by the 
 student, as a matter of memory, if he would acquire facility in speaking. 
 
PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 -the consonants in the romanized pronunciation given to eacli word are to be 
 pronounced as in English. The vowels should be sounded as follows : — 
 
 a, and a final as in father 
 
 o, not final, as o in company 
 
 ■ui as y in fiy 
 
 uu, as ow in now 
 
 «, as in they 
 
 eu, as eyo in beyond 
 
 8, as in machine, but before ng and k as in king 
 
 iu, as ee with oti in see-you, almost as ew in yew 
 
 o, final, as in no, and not final, as in hop 
 
 6, as in Goethe 
 
 oh, as infolding (sometimes nearly as ho in Ao?'?j) 
 
 02, as ay in 5oy 
 
 sze or sz like s; in sililant, or se in sj> 
 
 It, as 00 in school 
 
 •it, as in Triibner 
 
 ui, nearly as in Louis or ooi in cooing 
 
LESSON t. 
 
 LESSON I. 
 
 fiiv iullowuig tables should be repeated carefully after a native teacJief 
 some twenty times; nor should tbe pupil neglect to similarly repeat at least one of 
 them daily, until he has reached the 20th or 30th lesson. Words in the upper tone 
 series will, throughout this work, be printed in italics, those in the lower series being 
 in romau type.* Unaccented words, whether italic or roman, are to be pronounced 
 in thejirst or even tone. Second tone words will be distinguished by an acute accent, 
 thus: nau. Tliird tone words wiU be marked with a grave accent; thus lin\ AL 
 words ending in k. p. or t. are fourth tone words. It must be noted that very few 
 syllables (as we term them) run through the- whole eight tones. The student 
 need not trouble himself about the meaning of the characters subjoined. 
 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 
 
 'j r p E R 
 
 SERIES. 
 
 
 . Sheung p'liig 
 
 2. Sheung sheung . 
 
 3. Sheung hii". 
 
 4. Sheung yap. 
 
 Sin ^ 
 
 sin' f^l 
 
 s^n^ m 
 
 sU ^ 
 
 Tn„g ^ 
 
 lung' ^ 
 
 iung' }^ 
 
 t"k % 
 
 Ying % 
 
 ^^ng §^ 
 
 ying' ijg 
 
 y'^ # 
 
 Kong |^|| 
 
 kong' ^g 
 
 l^ong' I^ 
 
 kok ^ 
 
 
 Lower 
 
 SERIES. 
 
 
 1. Ha p'ing. 
 
 2. Ha Sheung'. 
 
 3. Ha h,r. 
 
 4. Ha y.<i' 
 
 Lin jg 
 
 lin' Iji 
 
 liiV i|? 
 
 lit ^Ij 
 
 V"ng # 
 
 y""g' -^ 
 
 yuag^ M 
 
 yuk '^ 
 
 Ling ^ 
 
 ling IJ 
 
 ling' ^ 
 
 lik ;fj 
 
 Wong 3^ 
 
 wong' ;^ 
 
 ■wong' ^ 
 
 wok ^m 
 
 ■" This simple yet aatisfaetoiy mode of indicating the tone in type was first applied by the 
 Rev. J. Chalmers in his " English and Cantonese Pocket Dictionary." For manuscript the student 
 will probably iind it handier to use figures, with a dash under them for the upper series : e.g. sin 1, 
 kens 2, fan 3, tang 4, or adopt the method followed by Dr. Williams in which a i for the upper, 
 and a i for the lower series denotes the tone by its position at either comer of the word. 
 
LESSONS I AND 11. 
 
 TABLE II. 
 
 In tliis the English pronunciation of the sheung and ha p'ing will alone lie given. 
 
 3r« il! 
 
 Mang ^ ^ ^ M 
 Yam B4^ ^ <i A 
 Ini ^ ^ i^ ^ 
 
 i 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 m m 
 
 Tang ^ % 
 Kdm ^ ^ 
 
 A'«« m ^ M\ ^ 
 
 Tsun 1^ ^ ^ ^ 
 
 ^-"^m m m ^ 
 
 F«» m R '& ^ 
 
 ^"^ w ^ H ^ 
 
 ^"'^ -^ j^ # m 
 
 Korr^ "^ ^ M ^ 
 
 TABLE III. 
 
 Particular care must be taken to distinguish between words which contain an 
 
 aspiratt (expressed, by an inverted comma, as in ch'U,) and those which do not. 
 The teacher's voice must be most carefully imitated. Most aspirated words are of 
 the lower tone series. 
 
 Lun 
 Lara 
 Lan 
 Mun 
 Hon 
 Horn 
 
 yi Pl ^ 
 ¥ m f# 
 
 ^ 
 
 Wai 
 
 Ki 
 
 Chu 
 
 Sau 
 
 Chin 
 
 Ku 
 
 Tsoi 
 
 Fo 
 
 ^ n ^ 
 m le IE 
 
 m m 
 m ^ 
 m ^ 
 
 ^ 
 m 
 
 Mai 
 I 
 
 Ch'U 
 Lau 
 Liu 
 Mu 
 T'oi J 
 Ngo III 
 
 •g 
 
 
 T 
 
 
 LESSON II. 
 
 Water 
 
 Tea 
 
 I or me 
 
 You 
 
 Have 
 
 Give '1^ 
 
 Sugar (white) Q | 
 
 Bread *ffi 4 
 
 
 ch'a 
 ngo' 
 
 yau 
 
 pat-t'oDg 
 
 Tea-cup JSi JR/K cli'a-pwi 
 
 Bring 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 Give me tea 
 To want' (like) 
 
 1^-!!^, ^ ning-Ui, (or) loi 
 
 If* 
 
 i^^^ y ch'a iiga 
 ZM^ (or) or 
 
 . tt7 . 
 
 Interog. particles at BtlS, fI/3, «, "•«, ™«, m" , s"i'3 ""> ("»» 
 end of a ques- V^, /fl , only follows yau ; it 
 
 -tion. rat- is contraction of 
 
 'm yau.) 
 * See page 10, 
 
LESSON II (CONTINDElJ.) 
 
 The interrogative particles are respectively used rather in observance of custom 
 than because of any marked difference in value, though no seems more generally 
 than the others to imply a belief on the part of the speaker that the answer will 
 be affirmative. Two are sometimes used together. 
 
 There being no case inflections in Chinese, the same word answers for / or me, 
 according to its place in the sentence. Thus " I give " is ngo pi ^ ^&. " give , 
 me " is PI NGO \^ ^. 
 
 There is, strictly speaking, no article* in Chinese though the numeral "one " 
 or a demonstrative pronoun frequently supplies its place. 
 
 The mood and tenses of verbs are not marked by inflections, particles being 
 used in their place. 
 
 In ordinary colloquial, the copulative conjunction is often replaced by the verb 
 when several nouns are coupled as, what we should term, nominatives or accusa- 
 tives of a verb. Thus: give me tea sugar und inilk maybe translated, give tea, give 
 sugar, give mill; me. 
 
 The word liring is, literally, cu-i'g come (ning i.oi ijd. 5R) in Chinese. Ta/re 
 aivny is, similarly, carry go, as will be seen hereafter. 
 
 In the following sentences words in brackets are not expressed in the Chinese. 
 ^\ 1th the exceptlun of the article they will be so marked in this and the two 
 following lessons. 
 
 1 Bring (some) bread 
 
 2 Bring (some) water 
 
 3 Bring me (some) tea 
 
 4 Bring a tea-cup 
 
 5 Give me sugar 
 
 6 Have you (nny) sugar? 
 
 7 I have sugar 
 
 8 (live me tea (and) sugar 
 
 9 Give me bread (and) water 
 
 10 Bring sugar (iuid) ivater 
 
 11 Have you tea? 
 
 12 I have tea 
 
 13 Have you water? 
 
 14 I have sugar 
 
 ,15 Have you (any) bread? 
 
 16 I have tea-cups 
 
 17 Give me tea-cups 
 
 mm 
 
 m 
 
 
 ning min-pau loi 
 
 ning shui loi 
 
 ning cli'a loi ngo 
 
 ning ch'a-pui loi 
 
 pi pak-t'ong ngo 
 
 ni yau pak-t'ong mo i? 
 
 ngo yau pak-t'ong 
 
 pi oli'a, pi pak-t'ong ngo 
 
 pi min-pau, pi shui ngo 
 
 ning pak-t'ong, ning shui loi 
 
 ni yau cli'a ni ? 
 
 ngo yau cli 'a 
 
 ni yau shui mo ? 
 
 ngo yau palc-t'ong 
 
 ni yau min-pau a ? 
 
 ngo yau ch'a-pui 
 
 pi ch'a-pui ngo 
 
 18 Gi^■^ me water, sug.nr (and) 'f^. ;fC, f^ [^ IS' f^'^ P' sbui, pi pak-t'ong, pi ch'a, 
 
 ngo 
 
 See Les.son XYtll. 
 
I.ESSONS IF AND III. 
 
 19 Have you (any) sugar ? f^-^ Q l^^^ "' J^" pak-t'ong ii ? 
 
 20 I have sugar; have you tea? ^K "W H'^^' "W^ W ^^ °^° ''™ pak-t'ong; ni yau di'a 
 
 21 Have you tea, bread (and) -fftj^i^l., "W^flj gffl) -'h "' y^"^ <^h'a, yau min-pau, yau 
 
 water? TK^!^ shuia? 
 
 22 I have bread, sugar (and) tea J& '& ^jj^'flm, "^M iffi'i "6° 7^^ niin-pau, yau pak-t'ong, 
 
 'W^ yau ch'a 
 
 23 I want tea (and) sugar 3v ■©•^35», Jffi.Cj iiS ngo iu ch'a, iu pak-t'ong 
 
 24 You want tea-cups fS^-^-^'fe^ ni iu ch'a-pui 
 
 25 I have tea-cups; have you ^&^^?JsLi>K, Ty^^-A* ugo yau ch'a-pui ; ni yau ch'a 
 
 tea? 
 
 LESSON III. 
 
 Most Chinese nouns signifying objects take before them a syllable or word 
 usually termed by foreigners a classifier* or numerative. This is, to a certain extent 
 generic ; i.e. a similar word applies to a large number of nouns having some ana- 
 logy to each other. Thus the word CHi, meaning a branch, is applied to pens can- 
 dles, whips, pencils, muskets, and other straight things ; e.g. a jieti, yat cm i>\t 
 
 ■ if^^^i (f If /lip, TAT CHI MA PIN, -5^ ,|^ ^. 
 
 The adjective comes between the classifier and its noun, when foUoAving a 
 numeral ; thus, a large ^Kn, yat chi tai pat, — • J^ -^ ^a. 
 
 The classifiers are distinguished in the vocabularies of these lessons by being 
 placed within brackets. 
 
 Knife (table) HE Tj (chenng) to This fl^, ||^ |^. 
 
 ni ■n(-l-o\ 
 
 nP 
 
 Wine >yQ tsau These pj^ HH^ ni-fi 
 
 Tumbler ^ jl^ shia-pui That ^, l^j^. &', iv'-to-' 
 
 Plate ^^ (c«)tip Those "fS R^^ 
 
 ko''-ti 
 
 Fork ;J5^ 3^ {chi) ch'a No p5- ^ 'm hai> 
 
 Spoon '^ j^^6 {chek) sM-kang Not, neg. part. pE-, #T, ^^ 'm, mo', pat. 
 
 * Note. — Although I have here adopted the conventional term applied by foreigners to a large 
 number of words which are constantly used in combination with nouns, it may be well to point out 
 that the designation thns used is to a great extent a misnomer. There are, strictly speaking, but 
 eight or nine " classifiers," i.e. words which have no analogous terms in our own language. It is 
 obviously absurd to denominate such words as pair, flock, frame, lump, string, suit, cluster, &c. 
 " Hassiiiers," they being in reality either simple nouns or nouns of multitude. The term, being, 
 however, convenient, is adhered to, with this protest against possible miscouceptinn. 
 
6 r.EssoN in (continued.) 
 
 Eioe (used to express food generally) -^Ij fan'* Yes ^S, haP 
 
 Wine-glass VHlVlJ tsau-pai Large y^ tai' 
 
 Is, it is, are 'j:^ hai' Small -j^|JJ saC 
 
 Ni-Ti 5/^1^ KO-Ti 113 (1^^, though properly plural forms, are used for this and 
 that before words signifying fluids, or matter consisting of small particles such as sand, 
 dust, flour, &c., and occasionally before other words. 
 
 Yes and no are expressed by the verb to he, joined, in the case of wo, to a 
 negative particle ; thus, yes is expressed by it is, and no by it is not. 
 
 Adjectives precede the substantives they qualify, as in English. 
 
 1 Bring a plate T^'^'^^l^ ning chek tip loi 
 
 2 Give me the knife 'ffi^^ 7J$E P' oheung to ngo 
 
 3 Have you tlie fork (and) spoon? |^{ ^>|t^3Ci W'/^tt^3'"' ^^ '^^^ ^^'^' y^" shi-kang a?- 
 
 4 I have the plate (and) thefork ^^'^'f®, •^>j'^3C "S" y™ '^'^^'^ *'P' ^^^ *' "^'^ 
 
 5 (It) is wine ^ '^g hai tsan 
 
 6 I want a wine-glass ^ ^V® ^^ "S" '» tsau-pui 
 
 7 This (is) large ^/j^'fS :^ ni ko tai 
 
 8 This is large tea-oup ^ jjg -j*^ ^^^/(\ ui ko hai tai ch'a-pui 
 
 9 Get the sugar spoon T^fi'l^^^l? ning pak-t'ong kang loi <s Oii^ 
 
 10 Have you (any) wine? W^T? VS'^ "' ^^^ '^'''" ™°' 
 
 11 I havewine, I(have)notumhler ^^ey^, ^ TT ^^ ij?! ngo yau tsau, ngo mo shui-pui 
 
 12 This is a tumbler, that is a B^'f@f^;;i!fCyji^, flU'^ll"! "' ''° ^''' sliui-pui, ko ti hai 
 
 wine-glass '^VQ/^ tsau-pui 
 
 13 Bring tea, (and) a spoon "f^^-ft!?^^ 5J5 "'"S oh 'a, nim shi-kang loi 
 
 14 Give me (some) water I?.!^"^ P' ^'^'^^ °g° 
 
 15 Have you a wine-glass? IAI"* ^VM^ TT "' y^" tsau-pui mo? 
 
 16 I (have) no wine-glass, (I) have ^ ^7 VM'li^' ^^'^ °S0 ^^° tsau-pui, yau ch'a-piu 
 
 a tea-cup 
 
 17 Is that tea? 'flSU^'^f^ ^H^ ^° ti ^ai ch'a me? 
 
 18 Yes, (it) is tea i%' i%^ ^^'^ ^^ ^^''^ 
 
 19 The large fork, the small spoon ^j^ ^C' ^^^ ' *"' '^'^^ <=^'"> ^^ shi-kang 
 
 20 Get me the sugar spoon l^ 3 'f@^j^ ^ "'"S pak-t'ong kang pi ngo 
 
 21 Bring me wine (and) water |^VJ§, l^:/!^^ j^ ^ ning tsau, ning shui loi pi ngo 
 
 22 Have you the plate ? I have ^ ^ ^ '^'^i ^ ^ '"J''" °''°'' ''P ^ '' "g° ?''"> '^'»ek 
 
 the plate "^fc^^ tip 
 
 * See remark p. 28. 
 
LESSONS m AND IV. 
 
 23 Have you a wine-glass ? yes fI5^'■^V@/fe3^ ''ff > '^ "' y" tsau-pui mo ? yau 
 
 24 No ; I have not a wine-glass, ^j >ff vS/JSKi '^>'k^fe?i ■"" ! ""' tsau-pui, yau sliui-pui 
 
 I have a tumbler 
 
 25 A large ^e ; a small fork ^^^., ^^)(^ tai chek tip ; sai chi ch'a 
 
 26 Tliis plate ; that spoon ; this ^■^^; 'f^ ^' ^; ^/^ ni chek tip ; ko chek kang; ni chi 
 
 fork ; that tea-cup ^ ^ ; j^^^pf. ch'a ; ko chek ch'a-pui 
 
 27 It is uot a tea-cup ; it is a tumbler pS. ^^ ^Ij^ '^ "^A^W '"^ ^"^ ch'a-pui ; hai shui-pui 
 
 ®^i^ '™ ^^^ ' l'**" tsau-pui 
 
 hai tai chi ch*a 
 
 'm hai ; hai cheung to 
 
 28 No ; it is a wine-glass 
 
 29 It is a large fork 
 
 SO No, it is not ; it is a knife 
 
 
 LESSON TV. 
 
 Basin (lit. face 
 
 [^ ^ 
 
 min' p'un 
 
 pan.) 
 
 
 
 Towel (lit. face 
 
 ij \\i 
 
 mm^-Hn 
 
 napkiii.) 
 
 
 
 He, she, it 
 
 n 
 
 k'u' 
 
 We 
 
 nm 
 
 ngo'-ti^ 
 
 His 
 
 tgp|£ 
 
 k'ii'-ie' 
 
 Come 
 
 ^'^ 
 
 lai, loi 
 
 Our, ours 
 
 nm^ 
 
 ngo -ti^-^e^ 
 
 Bad (not good) p§- ^ 
 
 Very well ! ^ P^ 
 
 Good ^ 
 
 Go ^ 
 
 Here (this place) ^ ^ 
 
 There (that „ ) D|Q j^ 
 
 Above, upon j- S. 
 
 Below, beneath J\ IjE 
 
 At or on (also > f|^ 
 meaning to be at or on.) 
 
 'm-ho 
 ho lok 
 ho 
 
 hii^ 
 
 ni-ch'u ; ni-shu" 
 
 ko -ch'U : ko -shii 
 
 sheung-io 
 
 ha*-iai 
 
 tsoi^ 
 
 My, mine ^, ^\>^ ngo', ngo'-fo 
 
 You ,y^% i^^, i^^a^ ni',ni'-fe' 
 
 The verb to be may often be omitted if TSOi ^ be used, unless it be desired 
 to emphasize the fact of a thing being in a given situation. 
 
 Ce'ij 1^ is sometimes used by itself to express here, more especially v?hen it 
 merely means in place. 
 
 Possessives are formed from nouns and personal pronouns by the addition of 
 KE P^, but in every-day speech no distinction is observed betvreen the nominative 
 and possessive ; e.g. my plate, NGO CHEK tip, ^ ^ '^^. There is no distinction 
 of gender. 
 
8 I.L.-SmN IV (CllNMNIKri,^ 
 
 Till' plurals o»/', your, tlieir, urc ibruicd by adding TI [fm 
 
 The plurals of nouns aru formed by altering the classifiors to (J|jn ti : n> n'f K>J 
 VAX |l|l^flil A' *'"- "'""' becomes Ni ti yan, V^^^ }\,, these men. 
 
 Tlie piissessive form of pronouns is seldom used in practice. Thus, instead of 
 Ncju KE ciiEK TIP ^j^ <i^ "^ ^ Ntio CHEK TIP, ^ ;^ ^ is more usual. 
 
 LoK ^& is frequently added at the end of sentences for the sake of euphony. 
 
 And, as a copulative for substantives, (rendered by KUNG- it and kap J^) 
 is not of very frequent use, and ■will not he translated in the first few lessons. 
 
 1 My knife ; yonr fork ^,^^7J' Wix^C "S° olieung to, ni chi ch'a 
 
 2 His plafe ; ray wine ttj^"^' ^''^V® ^'" '^^''"^ ''P' °go-ke tsau 
 
 3 A good l.asin ; bad tc;i ; ^^ ^'' Pa^T:^ ' ^° ™>"-P'un 5 'm ho c'lia ; ho 
 
 good water ^>!K ''^"' 
 
 4 Have you my good su-ar ? f^ ^^^§Jt^ |^ IS^ "' y-''" "8° ke ho pali-t'ong a? 
 
 5 No ; I have not good sugar ^ , ^ ^$f Q ^ mo ; ngo mo ho palc-t'ong 
 
 6 Come here ; bring my towel ^^ f'^'-TT-'^ jll ffl /ifj '=1' "' '=h'u ; ning ngo miu-kan loj 
 
 7 Have .you tlie basin (and) towel? |/ji ^' ^ ^ pj fjj ^ ni yau min-p'nn min-kan mo V 
 
 8 I have a wine-glass (and) tumbler ^^V^'|i^;5(fC^|>^ °go yau tsau-pui shui-pui 
 
 9 Put the tea there >Si^^i@;^ fong eh'a ko ch'U 
 
 10 Go (and) bring me a large fork -^^^i^:^'^;^ ^5|5^ l^"; "mg <=hi tai ch'a loi ngo 
 
 11 Get (a) tea-cup, tea (and) fO ^-^1 A^IP ^ "™ ch'a-pui, nim ch'a, nim pak- 
 
 sugar ^5|5 t'ong loi 
 
 12 Is that his ? is it ours ? ^^^^ i% W-^^i^ ko ti hai k'ii ke me ? hai ngo 
 
 #^?t"^P§1^ tike-mhai? 
 
 13 It is mine ; it is hers i^"^^^^^ i^ ]W^ •'='' °So 1^^. ^^^i k'S ke 
 
 14 It is above ; it is below ^ J^, 1^ ~fi ^^ tsoi sheung ; tsoi ha-tai 
 
 15 We (are) above ; they (are) below ^Hj,^ 2h_ll j^' t^lftl^ "S""'' '^°' sheung-ko : k'ii-ti 
 
 r* lis '^°' ha-tai 
 
 16 These (are) yours B^ti^i:^<'|t ni ti ni ke 
 
 17 Yours (are) above ; mine (are) 'i(^\\i^^ Jl^i ^^^ "' ^'^ '^oi sheang-ko, ngo kc tsoi 
 
 below ffi'T^'ftl' 'iia-tai 
 
 18 Put the towel in the basin jgj^ [^ fj"! ^^ f^-:^ foil,; min-kan tsoi min-p'nn 
 
 19 Go there; liiiiir a large fork •^'(j3J^^(^5|^'^,X^ ''" ^o eh'ii ; nim chi tai ch'a la; 
 
 20 Is this a lar^c spoon? Pj^,^'!'^^ jjf|3p ni chek hai tai kang me ? 
 
LESSONS IV AND V. 9 
 
 21 Is this tea good? No; it is not Vj^^^^^^V)^: Po^' "^ '' "^^'^ ^° '" "^^ ''" ^° 
 
 22 Is tliat his bad basin? '(0R&^i^|@!''^Pa^ M ^^° '' ^°-^ '''" ^'^ '™ ^^° min-p'un 
 
 ^l# -<=? 
 
 23 ISTo ; it is his good plate Pa"^' I^IH^M''^ '™ ^^^' '^ '''"■ '^^'^'^ ^° ''P 
 
 24 Do you want tea? 1>5^^^^*Pa^^ "' °^ *'''''' '^ "''' 
 
 25 No; I want a basin, a towel pS'W*, 3x^^ tm ^^j ffij '"■ °M ■'S" o' ^in-p'un, miu-lian, 
 
 (and) a spoou m , >pu§g sM-Iiaug 
 
 26 These towels (are) good, those |T|^B^^ \\\ j^, ■j@|]^'»] '" '' miu-kan ho ; ko ti 'm ho 
 
 (are) bad Pa$f 
 
 27 These basins (are) large; those PMB^fjffij ^;^, 'fffltlll^ ni ti rain-p'un tai; Ico ti ch'a sai 
 
 forlts (are) small 3C?>SI 
 
 28 That wine (is) bad ; this tea 'MS^^SPq W) R/2.1^\I ^° '' '^^" '"" ''° ' '^ '^ *'^ ^° 
 
 (is) good ^^ 
 
 29 I (am) good ; he (is) bod ; it ^ fi?, "f Rp^-^tf, j^ "^ "S" ^° ' ^''" '™ ^'' > ^'^ '^ 
 
 (is) large 
 
 30 This tea (is) good PMH^^I^^T' °' '' "'^'^ ^° ' 
 
 31 Very well ; have you a tea- ^J ^|J, f;^^ "^ ^ tt ho le ; ni yau ch'a-kang mo ? /uo ic ^> ■■ ) 
 
 spoon ? ,,/-t 
 
 LESSON \^. 
 
 
 In, to go in 
 Within 
 Inside 
 Out, outside 
 Downstairs 
 Chair 
 Table 
 Ice, for the 
 table 
 
 Where 
 
 yap 
 
 liii -t'au 
 liii -piu 
 ngor-ym 
 
 One 
 Two 
 Three 
 Four 
 
 A 
 
 X/|>^p ngoi'-pm Four PH 
 
 Kg; Ft, let l\ Iau-ha\ fai'-ha' Five JJ. 
 
 ^ i , J«^<^ Six ^5 
 
 tM t'oi Seven .^ 
 
 ^K) properly ping but erro- Take away •jp^'' ' 
 ^^ ueously named in col- ^P" 
 
 loquial silt (snow.) Upstairs i^g f* 
 
 ^J^ i)Jn-cA'ii There BfH,^ 
 
 yi^ ir^ -('f ' 
 
 ■ng 
 
 luk 
 
 ts^at 
 
 nim ku, pi 
 
 hii 
 lau-sheung 
 h> -ch'a, 
 
 ^ 
 
10 
 
 l.LbSON \ (continued.) 
 
 To bring, when used of any article taken between the finger and thumb if* 
 Jg ni7n.* 
 
 Witli certain words "upon" is expressed by min ffi'; thus ujion the tahle, 
 •upon the shqis deck, are t'oi min, i^g ffi', shun min j|ft [gj. 
 
 The word used for stairs in down-stairs, up-staii's, is properly a story \ stairs are 
 
 KAI KUP ^ ^. 
 
 Where, when, who, and similar words do not usually require an interrogative 
 particle (such as ni, mo, &c.,) but the rule is not invariable. 
 
 The word pin ^t literally denotes side or place, but in interrogative adverbs it 
 
 ^ what place (that is, tcliei e ?) 
 
 answers to who, which, or what ? as pin ch'u ^ 
 1 Bring me a chair ; two chairs i|t 'H 
 
 2 I have three plates, and four 2E-^B ^z^'^J'^^i [JMi 
 
 knives 
 
 3 Where is the good wine ? 
 
 4 It is on the large table 
 
 5 I want one basin and two 
 
 towels 
 
 6 There are no good spoons 
 
 7 Very well, bring five chairs 
 
 8 The chair is upon the table 
 
 7} 
 
 uim yat clieung i loi ngo ; leung '- 
 
 Cheung i 
 ngo yau sam chek tip, sze 
 
 cheung to 
 ko ti ho tsau hai pin cli'ii ? _ 
 
 hai tai t'oi min - 
 ngo iu yat ko min-p'un, leung 
 
 t'iu nain-kan 
 mo ho slii-kang 
 ho le, nim 'ng cheung i loi 
 ko cheung i tsoi t'oi min 
 ko ti siit tsoi t'oi ha tai 
 
 9 The ice is beneath the table Rflllll^fl^^S'Tk'ffe 
 
 10 Where are those seven t'2a-cups?tj|Q-.(^-^^;jv^P^^^^ko ts'at chek ch'a-pui hoi pm ch'ii? 
 
 11 They are upstairs Pn'^S Y 
 
 12 Those chaii-8 are downstah-s HJ^Ht^l^Pfl'T^^ 
 
 13 Bring seven forks and one plate iS.--Tt/]x ^Ci^"*"^ 
 U That ice is in the basin nj^B^^J'C P|| 0^f(l 
 
 15 mere is oar table ? ^i^lUMB^fiPifJ 
 
 16 Your good tumbler is here 'KlPi5E^;;!fC^Pt^>5/Sl^ "^ ^^ '^° shui-pui hai ni ch'u 
 
 1 7 That bread is bad ; is it yours ? BjQ Q^ ^ ||pg^ P|E, ko ti min-pau 'm ho ke, hai : 
 
 fif^^PltPgf^ ke-mhai? 
 
 18 It is not mine, it is his Pa'^^"^' f^tE^lt 'm hai ngo ke, hai k'ii ke 
 
 hai lau-slieung 
 ko ti i hai ha tai 
 ^ning ts'at clii ch'a, yat chek tip lai 
 ko ti pmg hai min p'uu lui t'au 
 ngo ti ko cheung t'oi hai pin c'hii? 
 
 Nlm 
 
 ff5 ^PP®'^''^ however to be frequently ussd in place of uing, i^ 
 
LESSONS V AND VX. 
 
 11 
 
 19 That ice is om-a ; tliis t;ible h \M;i^W^'(^ ^^^^^'^M ''° '' '"' ''■" "=° '' '"^ ' "' "'"^""^ 
 
 niiue ^ tS'^ 1^ "i^t ''" ''"'' "^° ''" 
 
 20 Wliere is my tea-cup? ^ ^^'li^Pl^^^ "°° '^''* ''^''^ P"' '^^^ P'" '''''"'' 
 
 21 Here it is; have you any tea? P|^,PM)^, fS^'M ^* \1 '"*' "' '^'''"' "' ^^^ '^'^'"'^ '"°'' 
 
 22 No, I have no tea, Iliavewine ^, ^^^, "WvSB^ '™, ngo mo ch'a, yan tsau phcS ,> "' 
 
 23 Bring two chairs, tlirce tea- t^SJS^^'^, ^^^^ ningleungichemig i, sam chelc ch'a- 
 
 cups and iive Ivnives 
 
 24 Take away tliat wine 
 
 25 Wliere shall I put it? 
 
 26 Put it on the largo table 
 
 27 Very well : where is the 
 
 table ? 
 
 28 It is downstairs 
 2!l Bring the tea upstairs 
 30 Take the ice and wine downstaus 
 
 mil mmmtm 
 
 pui, 'ng clieung to loi 
 ning ko ti tsau hii ' 
 
 fong t5oi pin cli'ii ho ? ' ' ' 
 fong tsoi tai fc'oi mln 
 ho le, ko cheung t'oi hal pin 
 
 ch'u iii ? 
 hai ha tai 
 
 u'uv^ ch'a sheiing loi 
 nino- siit nuiff tsau hti ha tai 
 
 LESSON VI. 
 
 Thanks (lit. P§-^ 
 
 'm koi 
 
 Coohe (house) 
 
 mj^ 
 
 7,v(,i'-tim* 
 
 " don't deserve ") 
 
 
 Cook 
 
 ^&M 
 
 /o'-t'au 
 
 Please, if yoix |f , ^^ 
 
 tsH%g , (or) to 
 
 Nine 
 
 % 
 
 hail 
 
 please 
 
 fan 
 
 To go away 
 
 ffi.* 
 
 ch'e, hii'- 
 
 Don't, P;it.Pgitf. 
 
 mai\ 'm ho, 
 
 That will do 
 
 ^^M 
 
 kav.'' loh, (or) tso* 
 
 ^m 
 
 'ra sfim 
 
 (sufficient) 
 
 %^ 
 
 tak loh 
 
 Man (i.e. male) 55 ^i 
 
 nam-yau 
 
 Ten 
 
 + 
 
 shap 
 
 Eight /\ 
 
 pat 
 
 Eleven 
 
 +- 
 
 shap yat 
 
 To caU Rij- 
 
 ftiV 
 
 Chair coolie 
 
 m^Am 
 
 kiu 'foo, (or) t'oi 
 
 ^^'^^ §' ~f*^ *™^'' ^°^^ shap/«« 
 
 
 m% 
 
 kiu id 
 
 Woma,n (a female) -J/^ ^ 
 
 niii'-yau 
 
 Gone 
 
 *T 
 
 hu' li» 
 
 /v ^ 
 
12 LESSON VI (CONTJNUEi',) 
 
 The verb to have is sometimes expressed by inverting the sentence and placing 
 the nominative between the words hai pfe and CH'il \^ ; e.g. the man has the 
 basin becomes: the basin is (at) the maris 2>lace ffi ;^ ^'& ffl J\^ ^^ min p'un hai 
 
 NAM YAN CH'iJ. 
 
 The word call and tell (order) are expressed by the same word in Chinese: e.g. 
 Kiu K'ij tJij. 1^ is either tell him or call Mm. A distinction is sometimes made 
 by the use of the words WA k'q t'ing =£ "fE ^s to signify tell him, (lit. tell him 
 to know.) 
 
 The past participle is formed by the addition of kwo ^J|^, or Hiu (^ ; thus 
 to go is Hij ^ ; gone is Hij KWO or Hij niu, :^ ^, ■^ P^. Tlie past form, how- 
 ever, is often dispensed with in actual practice, the context being deemed sufficient 
 to shew that it is implied. 
 
 Ho i(? good, is frequently prefixed to adjectives to express very; e.g. ho tai 
 w? y^ very large. 
 
 The plural forms of this and that, Ni ti dH Rj^'^ ko ti tMn] BflTj are frequently 
 used when speaking of liquids, or with words which take no distinction of number, 
 such as weather, &c. 
 
 1 Where is that man? RfQM A Pi^^^ '^° '^° y™ '^^' P'" *'''' 
 
 2 He is upstairs lSPfer®-_tl k 'ii hai lau sheung 
 
 3 That table is very large fflm ^Mi^y'T^^ ^° clieung t'oi ho tai 
 
 4 That man is good ; that wo- BJ&I fH JL ^^; tlfw'O "^ ko ko yan ho, ko ko niii-yan sliap- 
 
 man is very bad /x "TyT Paslj ^^^ '™ '^° 
 
 5 CaU the chair coohe B^-l^^f^^ ''"' ''"' ^'^'^° '°' 
 
 6 Please bring nine large tea- ^>^1^ TL'^!^'^ *" '^"° ™'S ■''■^" ''''^''- '^ ch'a-pui 
 
 cups ^^ loi 
 
 7 I want ten chairs ^fe ^C"l §M rST "=" ""^ *^P cheung i 
 
 8 Is the good table here? HJHS^M'SPi^B^ ^ ^° *eung ho t'oi hai ni cli'u 'm 
 
 Pg#B/S ^^'"^^ 
 
 9 These men are good; those Rj^if'^^;^ y^ ^tf' ''!06^ ™ '' nam-yan ho, ko ti niii-yan 
 
 women are had '^^Po'iif 'mho 
 
 10 Where is the cook? ^HMPfi^^^/S ''o"''^" '^^ P'° *'" °i' 
 
 11 He is gone to call the house-coolie f ^■^^^^'^B' Ijt^!^ ''^'" ''" ^"^ kuu-tim loi 
 
 12 Don't take away the tea Pyftl^fflBll^^^^ "lai "'"§ ^^o ^ <=h'a hii 
 
 13 Put nine tea-cups inside >fe)C jLt ^§1, :a'*'|J^'pi'fM SM *o"g 1^^" '^h^l^ '^l''*i"P™' 'sol liii t'au 
 
 14 Put the large basin on the i\!Il^^@.;^^^^-flE ^°^?> ^° ^° ''^ min-p'un tsoi t'oi 
 
 tabla 
 
LESSONS V( AND VII. 
 
 13 
 
 15 Hero are ton towels R/fi!^^ "tI^ j5l ftl "' '^'''" y"" "^^'^^ t^u_miii-kan 
 
 10 These chairs are very good PMtln\lwr^"Rf "' '' ' '^'" ^° 
 
 17 Your ice is very bad j^ (Sf^SH'l^I'a'^ "ii™ " ™' '''"P ^'^" '™ ''° 
 
 'ij^ -j-" — '^^"li^ijl^^ ""s °^'"p y*' '^'"''' (^li'si-pui 'oi "go 
 
 "M ;^ A' PI^ 10 A J"'* ^'° iiam-y an, leung ko nhi-y an, 
 
 pS.|jZ. JS >jj^ ^ 'm ho ning tsau loi 
 
 ^iU *K li P|| "T^ lit& ko ko fo-t'au hai ha tai 
 B-^fflS f® \ _L ^ '''" ^° ^° y"" ahcung loi 
 
 25 The woman has the basin OUU'flS ffi^^Pf^llS ^ ^° ^° min-p'un hai ko niii-yan 
 
 A;^ ch'u 
 
 26 Tliat man has the towels 'OflQ^Bl itl P^lfjS'O ko ti min-kfin hai ko ko nam-yan 
 
 27 That liouse coolie has gone away pjbljjjji^ ij3M.!ljSf^ ^° ^° kun-tim cU hiu lot 
 
 28 Eight men and eleven women /ViH ^ A' "f^ "IS P"' '^° ""'"'y™' *^'"P y' ''° 
 
 -^ ^ nui-yan 
 
 29 Our cook is inside ^:^l!^['i)E '^IfiP^f SJS"^" *' ''° '^""'''"^ '"'' '"' ^'" 
 
 30 Nine women are downstairs JhiM^k. Pi^ ~F1'^ ''"" ""^ "'"'y™ ''''' ''^ '''^ 
 
 18 Bring me eleven tea-cups 
 
 19 That will do. Thanks 
 
 20 One man, two women and 
 
 three coolies 
 
 21 Dont bring any wine 
 
 22 That cook is downstairs 
 
 23 Call the man upstairs 
 
 24 Put nine chairs inside 
 
 LESSON YII. 
 
 Paper 
 
 Pen 
 
 Ink (foreign) 
 
 Book 
 
 Clothes-brush 
 
 Tell, (order; 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 chi 
 
 (chi) pat 
 mak-sAia 
 (po^) shii 
 i is'dt 
 wa\ km' 
 
 Tea-pot 
 
 Water-bottle 
 
 To use 
 
 With 
 
 Twelve 
 
 Twenty 
 
 M 
 
 
 ch'a-oo 
 shu^ tsun 
 ehai (or) yung* 
 t'ung 
 shap yi^ 
 yi* shap 
 
14 
 
 LESSnN VII (CONTINUED.) 
 
 Hair-hvusli 
 Broom 
 To sweep 
 Floor 
 
 BMW 
 
 Ian-pan 
 
 Fifty 
 
 Much, many 
 Plow many ? 
 
 3ti- 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 'tig sliap 
 to 
 
 Tlie numbers from eleven to nineteen form regularly, as: ten-one (11), 
 ten-two (12), &c. From twenty to ninety they form similarly, as: two-ten (20), 
 tliree-tcn (30), and so on. 
 
 Wa — CHI g£ — ^fl is used for tell, wlien that word is intended to be used 
 in a non-imperative sense. 
 
 Ki ^ in Ki TO ^ ^, Imw many, is literally a few, several. The two 
 words in conjunction are, however, not always used in an interrogative sense, 
 but sometimes answer to "a certain number;" as NGO mo ki to, ^ ^ ^ ^, 
 I have not mani/. 
 
 imnmA<ik 
 
 1 Bring a broom 
 
 2 Sweep tlie floor 
 
 3 Give me pen and ink 
 
 4 Get a cIotlios-l)rush 
 
 5 Have you a booli ? 
 C Tell the liouse coolie to bring R^^ jJ"|^fvKi^ 
 
 paper 
 
 7 I want a tea-pot 
 
 8 I have no tea-cup 
 
 im-=^m^ 
 
 
 
 9 Have you a water-bottle ? 
 
 10 I have ten chairs 
 
 11 Where i3 that hair brush? 
 
 12 There are twenty books on 
 
 the table 
 
 13 I want fifty chairs 
 
 14 How many tables have you ? f^^^ j^ ^ 5^ ffil!^ 
 
 15 I have not many ; I have ^^ ^ ^ ! '^5^^ 
 
 only six 0^ 
 
 16 There are twenty house-coolies :^ ^ |"(0 W jj 
 
 17 Those house-coolies have no tea 'fQW)%'|5^-^^ 
 
 13 Fourteen men and six wo- "f* 'fS ;^ J^' X>10 
 men ^\, 
 
 ning pa so-pa loi 
 
 so lau pan 
 
 pi pat pi mak-shui ngo 
 
 ning i-ts'at loi 
 
 ni yau yat po sliii mo ? 
 
 kin kuu-tim ning chi loi 
 
 ngo iu ch'a-oo 
 
 ngo mo ch'a-pui 
 
 ni yau shui tsun mo ? 
 
 ngo yau shap cheung i 
 
 ko ko ts'at-t'au-so hai pin ch'ii ? 
 
 t'oi min yau yi shap po shii 
 
 ngo iu 'ng shap cheung i 
 ni yau ki to cheung t'oi ni ? 
 ngo mo ki to ; yau luk cheung 
 
 ch^ 
 yau yi shap ko kun-tim 
 ko ti kun-tim mo ch'a 
 shap sze ko nam-yan, luk ko 
 
 uU-yan 
 
l-FSSC>i\S V'll AND \'IU, 
 
 15 
 
 19 Five wiiter bottlca and fifty Jj -ffg 7J<fS, 5.~H® '"o '<<> slmi-lsuii, 'ng si 
 
 iiip po SllU 
 
 books 
 
 20 How miiiiv Uouse-coolies are -^ ^K^iSi^B ia Bfl^ ^"" '^' '" ''° l;un-tini iiiV 
 
 there? 
 
 21 Don't tell that man to come PS-WB4-'(0^ A.^ ''" ^° '"" '"" ''° y"° '"' 
 
 22 Tell the bousc-coolie to sweep R4^' JA t^'i'^l!^ 
 
 the floor 
 
 23 How many books have you ? fi5>^^^ ^^ ^ ^-^3 
 
 24 Have you much ice? f>5>^ stj^ ^^1^ 
 
 25 No ; I have no ice : I have 
 
 pens, paper and ink 
 
 
 kill Ivuii-tim so lau-itan 
 
 m yau ki to po shii ? 
 ni yau ho to siit mo ? 
 mo ; Dgo mo siit ; iigo yau pfit, 
 yau chi, yau mak-sliui 
 
 26 Where is the teapot? 
 
 27 The tea is iu the teapot 
 
 28 AVliere is that cook? 
 
 iM^m. 
 
 ch'ii ni ? 
 ch'a bai cb'a-oo 
 
 imm 
 
 29 He is upstairs ; where is that iMpMI^ h j Djfej "(^ "A' k'ii bai lau sheung ; ko ko nii-yan 
 
 woman? ^ Plfi^^.B^ ^"^ P'° '^''''^ "' 
 
 30 She is downstairs tSPM^Ntfe k'ii bai ba tai 
 
 31 Tell her to come here 
 
 nn^\im 
 
 kiu k'ii loi ni ch'ii 
 
 LESSON VIII. 
 
 Bottle 
 
 Beer 
 
 Table napkin 
 
 Soda water 
 
 Comb 
 
 To put on 
 
 Clothes 
 
 
 ■^M 
 
 isun To brush j^S 
 
 pi tsau Boots (a pair of) •5s} ebJq 
 
 (t'iu) ch'a-Xaft To take oflr ^, ^ 
 
 ho Ian shui Shoes (a pair of) 'IemI^ 
 
 sho Slippers "^eHS^S 
 
 cheuk^ tai Stick l^'f^f 
 
 i ftik Coat 'ff ^ 
 
 yat [tid) ho 
 ch'u, <'i<« 
 yat [tui ) bai 
 i'fti isan^ hai 
 piti Icon 
 (kui') sAam 
 
16 
 
 LESSON vm (continued.) 
 
 Cap or bat j ^ ,,,_ 
 
 To put on clothes ^^ .1^ HB 
 To put on a hat ^Sf ijja 
 Box ^ 
 
 Looking glass ^^ 
 
 {teng ) mo^ 
 cheuk i fuk 
 tai mo* 
 seung 
 mm keng' 
 
 To put away i|^^- fe- S'^aM mai, Uai 
 
 To (Ut. to pass 
 
 over) 
 To be able, can 
 
 Tcwo' 
 
 Cri'tj Ij^, place, is often added at the end of sentences indicating locality; e.g 
 HAi T'oi MiN CH'iJ p|^^ Ig Ig' 1^, i'i; 2S 0)4 the table, pi tsad P|^ >]g like many 
 other compounds, such as ka li |J|](1 B^ cwrrz/, ka fei fjjjp ^ co/ee &c. are "bastard 
 words intended to express the foreign sound of the article named. Several such 
 words are unavoidably introduced in these exercises, on account of their being 
 current amongst native servants. I FOOK ^ ^^ means clothes generally ; ko kin 
 SHAM tHfe] "pf^ 3^ the coat and visible parts of a suit. 
 
 1 Oue bottle of beer 
 
 2 I "vvant to put on clothes 
 
 3 Where is the comb ? 
 
 4 It is on the looking glass 
 
 5 Brush my boots 
 
 6 Take off your clothes 
 
 7 Bring my sUppers 
 
 8 Put away my boots 
 
 9 Have you good boots ? 
 10 How many table napkins 
 
 have you? 
 Ill have six 
 
 12 Put them in the box 
 
 13 Put away my coat 
 
 14 Do you want a stick? 
 
 15 Where is my hat? 
 
 16 Here it is on the table 
 
 17 Please give it me 
 
 ^itM^ 
 
 
 yat tsiin pi tsau 
 
 in cheuk i fook 
 
 sho hai pin ch'ii ? 
 
 tsoi keng min ch'ti 
 
 ts'at ngo tui ho' 
 
 ch'ti i fook 
 
 nim ngo tui t'at tsang hai loi 
 
 tsai mai ngo tui ho 
 
 ni yau ho hb mo? 
 
 ni yau ki to t'iu oh 'a kan? 
 
 18 Tell the house-cooUe to brush W^^^ ^^ ^¥ill ^'■'^ kun-tim ts'at ngo tui ho 
 
 my boots 
 
 19 Bring soda water 'Pfjfttil^^ylKjR '^''^ ho-lan-shui loi 
 
 20 Got my shoes and clothes IrX 5jg ^'isSp^^ ^?< Br 3lf '"'^^ "S° ^^ ^^ ^^V ' ^^"'^ ^"'^ 
 
 ngo yau luk t'iu 
 
 tsai yap seimg la 
 
 tsai mai ngo Idn sham 
 
 ni iu pin kon 'm iu 
 
 ngo teng mo hai pin ch'ii ? 
 
 hai t'oi min ch'ii 
 
 ts'ing ni pi kwo ngo 
 
LESSONS Vin AND IX. 
 
 17 
 
 21 Put away that beer 
 -2 He has fifty hats and thirty 
 sticks 
 
 23 Do you want heer ? 
 
 24 No ; I lilic soda-water 
 
 25 Bring me a large hair brush 
 
 26 These are good clothes 
 
 27 That is a bad coat 
 
 28 Put on your hat 
 
 29 Wiere are the paper, pens, 
 
 and mk? 
 
 30 The paper is upstairs, the ink 
 
 is here 
 
 tS-W-S.~h']^>l'§i ^ ^'^ y" "8 sh'ap teng mo, sam 
 
 ®^BffivMPrt''^C ^"^ pi-tsau 'm iu ? 
 
 Po^'^ ^ M^ ^^'^ '■" '" ■' "gop'^S ' ho-lan-shui 
 
 nim yat ko tai ts'at-t'au-so lai 
 
 ngo 
 ni ti sham ho 
 ko kin sham 'm ho 
 tai mo 
 chi, pat, t'ung mak-shui hai pin 
 
 Ml '^^''^'^ 
 
 ^Pi^^-t' UTt^Pil "'^^ ^'■' '^" '''""'^ mak-shui hai 
 VM)^ nich'u 
 
 Bf0ff=#Pg$? 
 
 LESSON IX. 
 
 Candle (Ut. wax ^jP,*)^ 
 
 lap chuk 
 
 Needle (lit. eye pin) B^'^-j' 
 
 ngan-cham 
 
 candle) 
 
 
 
 Pencil pead) ^^ 
 
 Hn-piit 
 
 Lantern 
 
 ^m 
 
 shau tang 
 
 What (thing)? -^^ 
 
 miii-yQ 
 
 Ink (Chinese) 
 
 ^ 
 
 mak 
 
 Thread ^^ 
 
 sin,'' 
 
 Ink-slab 
 
 mm 
 
 mak in^ 
 
 p- ;^£i# 
 
 tai t'au cA(Jm 
 
 To rub 
 
 m 
 
 moh 
 
 Write % 
 
 se 
 
 Penknife 
 
 TJf? 
 
 to tsai 
 
 Scissors ^ ^ 
 
 la li'-tsin 
 
 To Kght 
 
 m 
 
 tim 
 
 To cut (with a knife) "^ 
 
 ts'it 
 
 Lamp 
 
 ^'^ 
 
 (chan) tang 
 
 UmbreUa j^^ 
 
 {2)a!) che 
 
 Characters (words) ^p 
 
 tez- 
 
 To out (with scissors) HU 
 
 tsi7i 
 
 To call 
 
 ^ 
 
 hiih 
 
 And ^ 
 
 kap 
 
 Handkerchief 
 
 m^\\i 
 
 (t'iu) shau h'm 
 
 Can, to be able p^ 
 
 III 
 
 Trowsers 
 
 mm 
 
 (fill) fu' 
 
 
 
le 
 
 LESSON JX (continued.) 
 
 It will be seen that compound words are not unfrequent, and that the mono- 
 syllabic character of the spoken language is by no means so strongly marked as is 
 sometimes imagined. All compound words are hyphened in these exercises. 
 
 The particle ti 66 before a noun signifies some., a little. 
 
 The word tso jgif to do or make, is often added to other verbs as an intensive 
 particle; e.g. It is called "to,'' Kiu tso to I^ "fejf TJ- 
 
 ^^ HID, to understand, " to know how to " is often used in place of ui D^ 
 where in English we should use the words can, to he able: e.g. Can you write''' 
 
 itfP^; ^ J^l^ Vj^^ ^° ^°^' "SO fong tsoi ni cli'ti 
 tn S;^^5|?' ^^^'^ "™ nuik-slmi loi, ngo iu se tsz 
 
 NI HID SE TSZ MO ? "j/p kI 
 
 1 Don't take away that ink 
 
 2 Very well, I wiU put it here 
 
 3 Bring ink, I want to write 
 
 4 Put the candle on the table 
 
 5 Light the lamp 
 
 6 Bring a pen and an mk-slab 
 
 7 Kub nic some ink 
 
 
 fong lap-chuk tsoi t'oi min 
 tim ko clian-t;"iiiy 
 nim pat mak-in loi 
 nioh ti mak n^^o 
 
 8 Cat a pah: of scissors and cut ^r'jiH^ S^ ^! §!i J@ °™ P'' kau-tsin loi, tsin ko t'iu 
 
 that handkerchiel 
 
 shau-kai] 
 
 tmi lap chuk, nim sheuug hii 
 
 ts'at ngo t'iu Iu 
 
 ■M^ 
 
 ^ ruf-3^t'^ ko ngan ch;im, siu hai pin ch'u 5 
 
 Get me a handkerchief and 'PX jjS ^ m , -fp fCJi^ °™ *'^" shau-kan, nim pa che loi 
 my umbrella '5kSk "qO 
 
 10 Light the candle and take it Mi: i^ffiil^_ll-^ 
 
 up-stairs 
 
 11 Brush my trowsers 
 
 12 Where are the needle and thread? ' 
 lo It is down-stairs 
 1 4 Get me a pin and the scis- 
 sors 
 
 Ifi Fetch the lanteni 
 
 16 Have you a penknife 
 
 17 No ! but I have a pencil 
 
 18 What is this called ? 
 
 19 It is called a penknii'e 
 
 20 <.'an you write characters? 
 
 21 I cauuot write characters 
 
 m^7i if 
 
 apgpt^i^ 
 
 hai ha tai 
 
 nim tai t'au cham, nim kau-tsin 
 
 loi n.i^o 
 nim shau tang loi nyo 
 ni yau to-tsai mo ? 
 mo ! ngo yau tin-pat 
 ni ti kiu mat-ye ? 
 kiu tso to-tsai 
 ni hiu se tsz moli V 
 ngo 'm ui se tsz 
 
LESSONS IX AND X. 
 
 19 
 
 22 Come {Vl. go) with m.- fek-li (^^-^J tt^))^^ t'ung ngo liii; n!m sliau-timg lai 
 
 the lantern 
 
 23 Where ai-e my coat, boots and ^& YV'ft^' ^fc^Tqplla'' ^K "S" ^^'° sham, ngo tui ho, ngo 
 
 cap ? TP'I'gPl^^E^B^ ^'^"S mo. !>«' pi" di'u "i 
 
 24 They are put away i^^i^D^ tsai mai cba 
 
 25 Bring me a bottle of soda-water lit — ■TSi5(5T''lMy!l'^5R^Jt "™ ■^^^ ''^"'^ ho-lan-shui loi ngo 
 
 26 I want a pencil to wtite cha- 3p jffi. — "Tt^/ ^S ^L tjl 'ngo in yat chi put se tsz 
 
 racters 
 :27 Get paper, pens, ink, and an ii5;|K^?^>^i 1&^^ "™ °'"' P^'' nink-shui kap m?lk- 
 ink-slab ^1^ '°' '^^ 
 
 28 Sweep the floor; that will do ! ^t>fei^, f^P^ so lau-pan; ho lok ! 
 
 29 Where is my penknife ? ^^^ TJITPI^SI^B'S "§" ol^eung to-tsai hai pin ch'ii ni? 
 ,-.0 Cut the handkercliief with the '^(JK?^^-^ ftj shai kau-tsiii tsin shau-kan 
 
 31 Put on your trowsers and coat ^^Mf^a ^?^ cheuk fu, cheuk sham 
 
 32 Get my book and stick in ^fe '^1^ ^^ >S^ ^ ^"^ "'™ "°° P° '''"' '"P "''° '^^" '™' 
 
 kon loi 
 
 LESSON X. 
 
 Clilnese (adj.] 
 To break 
 To tear 
 To mend 
 To make 
 To buy 
 To seU 
 Watch 
 Corkscrew 
 
 mm 
 
 n 
 
 mm 
 
 t'ong yan ke" 
 cTdiiy lan^ 
 sze p^o" 
 po fan 
 cJdng 
 mai' 
 mar 
 
 sbi-sbaii-;7iV 
 isau (sii 11 
 
 Erll 
 
 Quickly 
 
 To ring (a bell) :ff ^' ' 
 
 fai li 
 
 ta chung^ ngo 
 
 To send for and call TPB yV H^ ^^'-^^ y^'^ ^^'^^ 
 A tailor ^^\^ ts'oi-fung iJ 
 
 A needle-woman ^ffi^-^J^^ i'o' sham p^oh 
 
 (//;. mend clothes old -woman,) 
 Socles ^^, fMHS ^^*' mat-t'au 
 
20 
 
 LESSON X (continued.) 
 
 The stiKlent will note that several words, when used in sentences, very fre- 
 quently take the second instead of their proper tones; e.g. yan, a man, lan\ to break, 
 tan', an egg, etc., become yan', Ian', tan', etc. 
 
 For (on account of) may be expressed by Kwo ''^} as mai kwo ngo, 'S jjj^ 
 3J?, buy for me. It is not however always expressed in Chinese; e.g. Tell the coolie 
 to buy that table for me, is Kiu kun tim mai ko CHeung t'oi nqo B-i}- ^^ ft" ® 
 
 The future, both positive and interrogative, is formed by making use of setjng 
 /te[ think or intend. Thus will you or do you like to go ? m seung hu 'm ni i^ ^ 
 
 ^ Pa B^* ^^ '^' 2/0" ^^^^- N" SEUNG MAI 'm ni f/jt i^ J P§- }ff^- 
 
 Several words are used by the Cantonese to designate themselves and their 
 country. The most common is that given above; others are chung-kwok tan 
 't' H >\ (central-kingdom man) pun-ti tan ^ ^ J\^ (native soil man) 
 PuNTi is used amongst themselves in contradistinction to Hakka and Hoklo, (vide 
 Introduction.) 
 
 1 Mend the clothes 'f<ffl^^R po i fuk 
 
 2 I wEuit to buy a watch <*^^.Rl® 3$ ^^^^ °S° ™ ™^' ^° shi-shan-pJu 
 
 3 Comequicklyaiidhrush my boots ij^B^-Jj^, :J^:^^^j[; fai ti loi ts'at ngo tui ho 
 
 f^lBiSi H |§ f JC fe °' V<^ ch^ mai kwo ngo la 
 
 ^K ^.^ "|@^' ' °°° ™ ™^' y^' ^° chung, yat 
 
 ^S (J^f ohaa tang 
 
 ^^<i^^^ ngopoifUk 
 
 1^ ^ A ^ '^''' *''°s y^" *^"° 
 
 1^ )il A B^ M^Paf^ '"•' *'°°S yan shi-shan-piu 'm liai? 
 PafSHH^It -m hai, hai ngo ke 
 
 •J T^H '* chtmg 
 
 '^ A^^ ilS^ shai yan k!u kun-tim loi 
 
 call) for the coolie 
 
 14 Tell a Chinaman to mend this B^'flS)^ A^SSiB^S^ ^'™ ^° ''""§ ^^^ P° *'"" "' '' 
 
 15 CaU the cook ; tell him to B^^^f^tS'^^"^^ '"" '^^''^ f"'('''° '''" f"' *' ''i' 
 
 come quickly 
 
 16 Will you buy a stick? f^i® M^'^^^^'PoB'S °' °''™S '"^ *'''' pin-^on 'm ni? 
 
 17 Will you sell that cork- f>5^i® M^^tllW^ '^ ^™°S mai ko ti tsau-tsun 
 screw? nS-tlB 'm ni 
 
 4 Sell me your umbrella 
 
 5 I want to buy a bell and a 
 
 lamp 
 
 6 Are you making a book ? 
 
 7 I am mending clothes 
 
 8 Don't break the bottle 
 
 9 It is a Chinese bottle 
 
 10 Is it a Chinese watch ? 
 
 11 No it is not, it is mine 
 
 12 Ring the bell 
 
 13 Send (lit. make somebody 
 
LESSONS X AND XI. 
 
 21 
 
 18 No, I will aell tlie beU 
 
 19 How many watches have 
 
 you? 
 
 20 I have nineteen pairs of socks 
 
 21 Where is the tailor? 
 
 22 He has gone away 
 
 23 Tell a needle-woman to come 
 24: She is tearing the coat 
 
 26 I want to mend the shoes 
 
 26 Mend these shoes for me 
 
 27 Do you want to break the 
 
 stick? 
 
 28 Make a coat for me 
 
 29 Buy a candle for me 
 
 30 Are you a Chinaman ? 
 
 31 I am not a Chinaman ; what 
 
 are you ? 
 
 32 I am a tailor i_ ■" 
 
 
 
 
 ni yau ki to ko shi-slian-piu 
 
 ni? 
 ngo yau shap-kau tui mat 
 ts'oi fung lo hai pin ch'ii ni? 
 k'ii ch'e lok 
 kiu ko po-i-fuk-p'oh lai 
 k'ii sze p'o ko kin sham 
 ll^?iW0ii#. "go-Pofankotuihai 
 
 ni iu ching-lan ko chi pin-kon 
 
 me ? 
 
 ching yat kin sham kwo ngo 
 mai chi lap-chuk kwo ngo 
 ni hai t'ong yan 'm hai ? 
 ngo 'm hai t'ong yau ; ni hai pin 
 
 ch'ii yan ni? 
 ngo tso t.^'ol fung ke 
 
 
 LESSON XL 
 
 visiting card 
 
 n^ 
 
 pai' t'ip 
 
 Wliite 
 
 ^ ■& pak-s/»/t 
 
 To pay a visit 
 
 m 
 
 t'anC 
 
 Red 
 
 JbJ 'P hung-s/itf; 
 
 Good morning 
 
 ^m 
 
 tso shan 
 
 Blue 
 
 ^fe "m lum-sM^ 
 
 Good bye 
 
 Wfi 
 
 7io hang 
 
 Yellow 
 
 "St "ffi wong-s/«'I- 
 
 Spectacles 
 
 mm. 
 
 ngan keng'' 
 
 A word 
 
 — ■'^ I^bJS' 2"" ^"^ "^^^ ^^"■''' 
 
 Waistcoat (lit. 
 
 W^Cl^ 
 
 puC-sam 
 
 Somebody, one 
 
 A-'^A yan, yau yan 
 
 back heart) 
 
 
 
 Cannot mend 
 
 Pg?ill!i''"^'''^«^>» 
 
 Beef 
 
 4^1^ 
 
 ngau-yuk 
 
 Buy a little for 
 
 M'li^^M "■'''' '' '''™ 
 
 Mutton 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 yeung-yuk 
 
 me 
 
 ^ "go 
 
22 
 
 tESSON X! (dONTINlIED.) 
 
 Pork 
 
 \"eal 
 
 Soup 
 
 Vegetables 
 
 Fruit 
 
 Black 
 
 I am going to; ^^^ 
 
 Intend to 
 
 Have you f^^^ 
 
 bought (it) ? :^ 
 
 I have torn ^^T'^ 
 
 (it) l[S 
 
 ngo si:ung 
 
 m yau mai 
 
 mo? 
 ngo sze p^o' hiu 
 
 c/ia-yuk 
 I f?^ ngau-^stti'-yuk 
 
 >ll^ I*. 
 
 The word yan ^ ?na)i, one, somehody is used somewhat like the German 
 i}>aH or the English OTie; e.g. oree says (inan sagt) tan \va A =3&. 
 
 Goo^ morning and (/ootZ J?/e are in Chinese (as are similar phrases in most 
 languages) idiomatic expressions to which custom has affixed their peculiar meaning. 
 Tso SHAN S T^ is literally earli/ time, and ho hang W ^^ good ivalk. 
 
 '^<M 
 
 1 I want to put on my coat and ^^ 
 
 trowsers 
 
 2 Have you a visiting card ? ^j^^ W^fH^'fe^ 
 
 3 I have a white visithig card ^ '&'f|S ^ ^ ij^l^ 
 
 4 Are you gomg to pay a Wsit? f5^i® i^ K^ 
 r, Yes ; good bye f^, ^ fjl^ 
 G Good morning ; have yon a 
 
 watch to sell ? 
 
 7 I have no watch tn sell 
 
 8 Where are ray spectacles? 
 '.I (They ai-e) on the black table '^^ feS [Si 
 
 I Mend my white waistcoat 5{^ ^ "V^- {±J ^ li^ 
 
 II Buy beef and mutton ^"^I^^I^Plf 
 
 12 Write the characters for soup ^^ ^/Sj -F"4^ | ? I>l| hF* 
 and veal 
 
 ngo iu cheuk sham fu 
 
 ni yau ko pai-t'ip mo 
 ngo yau ko pak p:ii-t'ip 
 ni seung hii t'am yan me ? 
 hai ; ho hang chii 
 
 -^]R' f^ WS^^S^ '^° '^''"" ' "' ™" slii-shan-piu 
 ^^^^fT mai mo? 
 
 ngc) mo .^hi-shan-pm mai 
 
 ngo tui ngan-Ueng tsoi pin ch 'ii ni 
 
 t.-^oi hak-shik t'oi min 
 
 po ngo kin pak pui-sam 
 
 mai ngau-yuk, yeung-yuk lai 
 
 se t'ong tsz, ngau-tsai yuk, tsz 
 
 13 Send for some red tliread Iffi /viu^I'ii^^^ shai yan nim hung sin lai 
 
 14 Don't tear the yellow hand- PS'&f-Pfll'^mlfHfl^W^^' '*" ^° ^^® ''"^ ''" ''^^ '*'*'°"S shau- 
 
 kerchief ttl kan 
 
 15 Have you a blue coat? W* nxT^^'k^ il "' ^^^ ^'^ ^^^ sham mo? 
 
 16 I have not a blue coat; I have ^v tT f^'t^-, ^^S igvj ^i ngo mo lam sham, yau tui liak 
 
 black shoes EffiBS" 
 
 17 Have you bmight the bread? f^^^ffflf^^ 
 
 hai che 
 
 ni yau mai min-pau mo? 
 
LESSONS XI AND Xlf, 
 
 18 \cry well ; good bye, come f^\^, ^if -h"l!!^'Jj -^-tl&d ''° '°''- '"^ '""'S '-i. 'so ti fun 
 
 19 Keel visiting cards ^I^r IPB bung piii-t'ip 
 
 20 He has torn the red visiting '[Hl^'^^'^'^iB fS^^^ '' " ^^'^ '™ '"" ''° ''° ''""^ P'"' 
 
 card Ip,^ t'ip 
 
 21 Tins is a bad waistcoat (vS rrPrtst]''^ ra^^VS* ni kin 'm ho ke pui-sara '.•' 
 
 22 He cannot mend the waist- tSPrtf<S M'lll f@ fl^ ^ '''" '™ P° '"'' "^^"^ ''° '"" P"'" 
 
 coat ^0*^ sam 
 
 23 Buy me a pair of white socks ^[ ^gr Cl ?SJH 'J^ 5& mai tui pak mat kwo ngo 
 
 24 Light a candle and then hring ML 4sfc), ^^-^Itl ^S *™ lap-cliuk, in liau nhn pat, nim 
 
 me a pen and ink 'fill ^&>'fC2iS^K mak-shui lai ngo 
 
 25 Where are you taking that '0J^^i'j1®|tj)M'^^,^ "' °"" ^° I** '^^^'^ '™ '"'" "^'^ 
 
 umbrella to? |j|g^ ni? 
 
 26 I am taking it to the tailor's ^i?li ■^"^f^'^^ "SO ""^ hii ts'oi-lung lo oh'u 
 
 27 Do you Uke vegetables ? f5^ ^j"' ^ ^Po" ^ ^ °' '^^""^ ' '^'" '™ "'^™^ ' ' 
 
 28 No, Ilike veal Pa't' ^' ^ 't' ^4^ '™ ''''""" ^ ' "°° '^''""° ' °°*''" 
 
 /j*^!^ taai-yuk 
 
 29 Good bye, I am going to buy ^fjU^, ^^M5M ''° ''™° *^'""' "^° '* '"*' '''"^""S 
 
 a penknife ^f? '"'^^'^ 
 
 30 Send somebody for a needle- '^ Aif^^tS'fil^'^ ''''^' ^*" ^'"^ "^'^^ '^° po-sham-p'oh 
 
 woman to mend my hand- ^, f<||^^^^ ^'■"' P""^''" '^°° '''" ^''™" 
 
 kerchief f|j kan 
 
 LESSON XII. 
 
 Trees ^^^ i^'oA shii' Together, with, and it kung 
 
 Leaves 1§f^^ *^" 'P ^'^'^ ^^ " 
 
 Green J^"^ ; ^ '"'^ "**'''! '*'™^ ^^'^^ ^ '*""* 
 
 Brown ^^"^ '™"i' "*'* ^^'^ ^M. ■^"'^ ''"'' 
 
 Children f?I^ *^'"'' ""' ^^'"' '4^^i5 "gai-nai' 
 
u 
 
 LESSON XII (continued.) 
 
 Uii-l 
 
 Boy 
 
 To look for, to 
 fetch 
 
 Potatoes 
 Do. (lit. Hol- 
 land root) 
 
 -fml 
 If? 
 
 nil tsai 
 nam tsca 
 
 sliu-/5ca 
 lio-lau-sliii 
 
 lol tan' 
 
 Price 
 
 Make (cause to 
 
 be done) 
 Make (to do) 
 Catty (1^ lb.) 
 Cents 
 Houseboy 
 
 m 
 
 fr 
 
 ia ts'in 
 ching 
 
 tso^ 
 kdti 
 sin sze 
 sze' tsai 
 
 Nam tsai ^ ff a hoy is literally a male child. 
 
 The word sin sze \\\ ^ for cent is merely an attempt to reproduce the 
 
 English expression. 
 
 Particular attention must be paid to the accent of the words sze tsai ^ -^ 
 house-boy ; if the emphasis be thrown on the first word it means a dead child. 
 
 Note the distinction between "make" cause to be done, and " make" meaning 
 
 simply to do. 
 
 "When girls and boys are spoken of antithetically in the same sentence NXJ and 
 
 TSAI only need be used. 
 
 1 Trees have green leaves 
 
 2 Have you potatoes ? 
 
 3 I have two children 
 
 4 Have you boys and girls ? 
 
 P3; 
 
 shii yau ts'ing ip 
 ni yau shii-tsai mo ? 
 ngo yau lenng ko tsai nii 
 ni yau tsai nii mo ? 
 
 5 I have one boy and one girl ^^ "j^f? 'iM^ "^^ ^^^ y"' ^° *'^' ^^^ ^° "" 
 
 6 The boy likes fish HSlT^H ^° ^"^ °- 
 
 7 Make some fish curry ^Q^IjijIl^H. "^^S ^'^^ ^' ^ 
 
 8 Get me some veal and ham :f'^n^{]4^f^0^^_^Bji nim ti ngau-tsai-yuk kung foh- 
 
 9 Buy me some milk and eggs 
 
 
 mi 
 
 t'ui loi ngo 
 mai ti ngau-nai, mai ti kai-tan 
 
 10 I want fowls, eggs, and 
 
 vegetables 
 
 11 What is the price of potatoes? 
 
 4t^ 
 
 vy 
 
 t^& ngo iu kai, kai-tan, kung ts'oi 
 
 Y?'^ -fj ffi*f§^§PM. ^''" '^^ ^'^ ™''* y^ ^^ *^''" ™ ' 
 
 12 They are three cents a catty f^HlSfllj ±— 'if ''" ""^ ''" '^''^^ ^''^ ''^ 
 
 13 Send for six catties 1|6 A^ >^if *^' ^^^ """' '"'' ^^^ 
 
 14 Buy me four catties of vcgc- ^ ^ jf ^^ 
 
 tables 
 
 mai sze kan ts'oi ngo 
 
LESSONS XH AND XIIT. 
 
 25 
 
 15 Tell the girl to fetch a noeclle- H41@^f?-i'' ^^ 
 
 womaa ##^^ 
 
 16 Make some vegetable soup ^^By ^Si^f 
 
 17 That boy is good, that girl h fg^-j^^, ^^^f? 
 
 bad 
 
 18 Have you fish to sell? 
 
 19 No, the girl has fisli to sell 
 
 20 Mend my white socks 
 
 21 Brush my brown clothes 
 
 22 Tea leaves are green and 
 
 black 
 
 kiu ko uii-tsai hii kiu ko po-sham- 
 
 p'oh loi 
 ching ti ts'oi-t'ong 
 ko nam-tsai ho, ko nii-tsai 
 
 'm ho 
 ni yau ii mai mo ? 
 mo ; ko nu-tsai yau ii mai 
 po fan ngo tui pak-mat 
 
 23 How many eggs have you to fA^ W^g ^^ 
 
 l^^-l '^A^'B^^W^ *«'^t "g° ^° '^ tsung-sluk i-fuk 
 
 oh'a ip yau ts'ing-sliik, yau hak- 
 
 shik ke 
 ni yau Id to kai-tau mai ? 
 
 
 sen? 
 
 24 Eing the bell to call the boy ^e^Stt^Sf T?3R °S° chung kiu sze-tsai loi 
 
 25 This fish is bad ; take it ^/S^'^ M PoM' t^tH ™ 'i " '™ ^°' ""^^S k'ii hu la 
 
 away ^P^jTiJ 
 
 26 Get me some good soup beef f^H^^^^!^ ^^ 
 
 wan ti ho t'ong yuk loi ngo 
 ni ko ch'ii yau mat ye 
 
 27 What have you there ? 
 
 28 I have ham and veal 3C'^ i/Cfl]M^'T^ |?IaI °g'^ y^i^ fo^ ''»i) yau ngau-tsai-yuk 
 
 29 These are very lai-ge trees PJ^^^Wif^ ^^^ ™ *^ *^'*^ ^° '^ P'°^^ 
 
 30 Are these good eggs ? ^/S iJI\J ^Si'JPa 5^ ni ti kai-tan ho 'm ni ? 
 
 31 No, they are bad eggs, I have pSf^, ilS^^P^^^"^ '™ ^° ' ^° *' '"" ^° ''*'"*^ ' °S° 
 
 some good milk ^ ^ ::^ W^ f(? ^^fjh yau ti ho ugau-nai 
 
 Eisctiit 
 To bake 
 To boil 
 Cabbage 
 
 n 
 
 L'/^J 
 
 ^& 
 
 e^ 
 
 LESSON XIII. 
 
 peny •Icon 
 hong^, kuk 
 po, shap 
 pak-(6''or 
 
 Breakfast /J"*^R' X' *'"' '*'"'*' '*"' 
 
 fan^ 
 
 Dinner 
 
 ^C^^' fl^ '^'^ ts'-an, man* 
 
2fi 
 
 Ciike 
 
 Mustard 
 
 Pupper 
 
 A slice 
 
 Vinegar 
 
 Pastry 
 
 To Land (at 
 
 table) 
 A meal 
 thus, (adv. of 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 It 
 
 
 LJiSSON XIII (ciiKli^Xp:P.) 
 jje/ji;' Tiffiu 
 
 n-tsiu-nmt 
 yat J'a<^ 
 
 peng -shik 
 pi 
 
 yat h a/l 
 kora, tsau 
 
 quality) then, in this case 
 
 Ready 
 Take caic 
 A piece 
 Gdd 
 Silver 
 To eat 
 ToUke 
 Or 
 
 ^a, ^T UK, sliik 
 
 ^1 ^^ a/o chau" 
 
 ^ff, i^ te'ai-pi\ piii 
 
 >lsj^^ 3i«' son* 
 
 
 Dgan 
 shik, yak 
 chtinij-i 
 chi 
 
 Brea/!/usf and ctoiiier are simply the "little" and the "great meal" 
 
 To take care is literally "little heart," caution, it is supposed, inducing a coa- 
 traction of that organ. 
 
 To "hand" a thing is rendered hy pi ■f^ to iju-e. 
 
 Or is sometimes rendered by B^ CHI. The Chinese prefer however to alter 
 the construction of the phrase when it implies antithesis (see sentence 17 infra.) 
 
 1 Do you like to eat fowl? f5^ T* ^^^PaB^ "^ ah.\xa% i sliik kai 'm ni? 
 
 2 No, I don't like fowl, I like pS- }^ ^ P^^> ^ '-f' 'm ohung i yak kai ; iigo chung i 
 
 eggs !B^^ kai-tan 
 
 3 Boil the soup quicldy 'I^R^'^^^ 
 
 4 I want you to hake this cake ^f^j^^^^xlf jf 
 
 
 t/v. 
 
 5 Green cabbage is good 
 
 6 Hand me the mustard 
 
 7 Bring me some vinegar 
 
 8 What pastry have you ? 
 
 9 Buy me a piece of cake 
 
 10 Hand me some water 
 
 11 Breakfast is ready 
 
 1 2 When wUl dinner he ready ? :^ ^ ^ ^ f^ ^/l^ 
 
 13 It will be ready directly (quickly) |^ f^ fl^ 
 li Bring the tifiin :j|^ /J^^^ 
 
 15 ThL. makes a good meal tj/g B\I P|jt ]^# — ^j| 
 
 
 fai ti shap t'ong 
 ju ni kuk ni ti peng 
 ts'eug ts'oi ho yak 
 pi kai-mut kwo ngo 
 nim ti ts*o ngo 
 ni yau mat ye peng-shift ni ;' 
 mai yat fai pong kwo ngo 
 pi ti shui ngo 
 sin ts'an pin lok 
 tai ts'an ki shi pin ni? 
 tsau pin lok 
 nim siu shik loi 
 ni ti kom tsau hai yat is'sLs 
 ho fan 
 
LESSONS Mil AND XTV, 
 
 27 
 
 1'6 Are you reacly ? 
 
 Sng-^ 
 
 17 Take care, or you will (W. don't yJ>,i\^^P^, V^'^'^i^^^ 
 
 if not, then yoii) break that bottle ^it^BfB j@® P^ 
 
 18 I have torn my handkerchief ^^J\'}^^^j^^ }i\\ 
 
 19 A gold pin and a silver "'l^l^'^'t"' ' 'Wi ^ 
 
 teapot 
 
 20 A piece of bread 
 
 21 Get my slippers 
 
 22 Those boots are very large 
 
 23 Tliis pastry is very good 
 
 24 That vinegar is bad 
 
 25 Is that a silver or a golden ^f^^'J^ ^ ^"^i H^ 
 
 26 It is a large silver lamp -^ — • ^ ^ ^j)^ 
 
 27 Mustard, pepper, and vinegar ISB^^tJc^J^'^tJc'^ 
 
 are good M^^ 
 
 28 This biscuit is very large ^/S j@'i^ ^^^ 
 
 29 That child has come (comes) -^ j^^f^Y?^?^ 
 
 to dinner Vv^fe 
 
 30 Do you want a meal? fj^^^P^^fl^ 
 
 
 ni ts'ai-pi 'm ts'ung 
 
 siu sam a, 'ra liai ni tsau ta Ian 
 
 ko ko tsnn lok 
 ngo szo Ian liiu ngo t'iu sliau-kan 
 yat chi kam cham, yat ko ng&u 
 
 ch'a-oo 
 yat fai min-pau 
 nim ngo tui t'at chang hai loi 
 ko tui ho ho tai 
 ui ti peng-shik shap-fan ho 
 ko ti ts'o 'm ho 
 ko chiin tang hai ngan ke chi hai 
 
 kam ke ni 
 hai yat chau tai ngan tang 
 ko ti kai-mut, oo-tsiu-mut, tso, 
 
 hai ho ke 
 ni ko peng-kon ho tai 
 ko ko sai-man-tsai loi yak tai 
 
 ts'an 
 ni oi yak ts'an me? 
 
 LESSON XIV, 
 
 Cigars f 
 
 Tobacco jf@^ 
 
 To smoke (a pipe) ^^ffl 
 
 lii •sung^'in 
 t«-t'ung 
 in-peng 
 shik in 
 ham^-pang^- 
 lang\ sar 
 
 To eat enough (full) [T^ 'i^ S<^^ P«-'^' 
 
 Saucepan ^2 wok 
 
 Copper ^ t'ung 
 
 Directly ^H ^1 '''^ ''»^ 
 
 Sausage hSJOM y«ung^ ch'euug 
 
 Shrimps ^0 ha 
 
28 
 
 LESSON XTV (continued.) 
 
 tHt 
 
 ism 
 
 lai'-cAi 
 
 Tvong-p'i 
 lul'isaij horn, 
 ch'ang 
 
 i lowers J if 
 To gather flowers J^a Ay 
 To plant 5aj 
 A ten cent piece ■ iffl *; 
 
 Thing ^ 
 
 Dollar ^g^ 
 
 chak fa, 
 
 yat ko ho- 
 tsz 
 
 ye 
 
 nmn-ts'in 
 
 Iron ^ 
 
 Banana ^ffi 
 
 Custard Apple -^S-^rtTx 
 
 Lychee ^^^^ 
 
 Whampee "gT ly 
 
 Orange (smaU) ;|{§0^, :|;-y' 
 
 Coolie orange W^ 
 
 To smohe tobacco is literally "eai smojce,'' — an expression to be found in some 
 other languages also. 
 
 Sice, as given above, refers to the cooked grain. 
 
 And may be rendered by it kung when coupling substantives, ^i linq 
 being used between numerals. Neither, however, is very frequently used. 
 
 1 Boil some rice directly j^H ^Jl^'§J5 *^'''^ ^^^^ P° f^° 
 
 2 Have you any cigars to sell? fjj^^ Q yJCW^-^ '^' 3''"^ Ki-sung-in mai mo? 
 8 I want to buy a pipe ^g ^& ^ Tro^ fj^ rgl ngo iu mai chi in-t'ung 
 
 4 Do you smoke tobacco? "tS^^'jlHpH"^ "' ^''^'' "^ '™ ^^''^' 
 
 5 I like bananas and custard ^j/ ^^^Si^'^^;/j% ngo "i t^iu kmig fan lai-chi 
 
 apples 
 
 6 Tlie lychees are good, the ^lTX5'>TJ^iJPa5tr lai-chi ho, wong-p'i 'm ho 
 
 whampees bad 
 
 7 Get me fifty oranges (small) "^^ ^T'lS^ff y^^ °™ '°g *^P l^" kat-tsai loi ngo 
 
 8 Boil the sausage l^'P JHCJ^lJ^I^ ^'^^P ^° '' yeimg-ch'eung 
 
 9 Take away those shrimps :Jg^|]gfj^|^.^ uim ko ti ha hii 
 
 10 Do you lil^e to gather flowers? fl^x^^^P^'^ ni oi chak fa 'm oi ? 
 
 11 Go and plant those vegetables '^j^'fHn^^ 
 
 1 2 This is a silver watch ^/^.l® ^ ^W^Wi i 
 
 13 That is a copper beU <^ tfy^Wi'^^ 
 
 14 I want to buy an iron cork- ^F-^^ HS^^V®* 
 
 screw 
 
 1 5 Wliat is this tiling ? B^S &\1 1^ "^ ^ 
 
 16 It is an iron saucepan ■^^siuxpi 
 
 17 All are here PJ^^f'^'Pil ^ 
 
 hii chung ko ti ts'oi 
 ■ ni ko shi-shan-piu hai ngau ke 
 ko ti chung t'lmg ke 
 ngo iu mai ko t'it tsau-tsiin 
 
 ni ti hai mat ye ? 
 hai t'it wok 
 ham-pang-lang hai ch'ii 
 
LESSONS XIV AND XV. 
 
 29 
 
 22 This is very good tobacco ; 
 
 where did you get it ? 
 
 23 Botli the rice and bread are 
 
 enough 
 
 18 Wiat is tlie price of that gold [KEI ira ^g Bap l^i^^T^ Ti ^° ^° ''^'™ shi-sliiin-piu hai mat 
 
 watch? TH^^lySi kats'inni? 
 
 19 The price is iifty dollars JE^tIh^SSs 'ng-shap ko ugan-ts'in 
 
 20 I will give you forty-five dollars J&'j]^Pfl-l-'j[L^B:^»fl5\ "go P' ^^^ ^''^P 'ig ng»n ts'in ni 
 
 21 Take care, you'll break that /J'^jC^^^^) '^f irnfy^^^ ^'i^ sam a, tfmg ha ni ui ta lau ko 
 
 pipe directly (lit. wait and 'jT>^^i@>K'W3l^ '''^ in-t'ung 
 
 you'll break &c.) 
 
 T "I'^J ?tl 'Pl% "' *' '"■P''"g shap-frm Uo ; hai pin 
 
 #;^#5^''itB^ ^1"'" '^'^ ^°' ^^ -^^ ' 
 
 ^^"i^i Pl^^^ ^^ '^™S min-pau lemig yeung to 
 -^P^ kau lok 
 
 2-t Boil the meat in the saucepan 'ffi'fI3^l^jtq"(@!1^0^ pi ko wok lai shap ko ti yuk 
 [lit. give that saucepan and boil &c.) 
 
 25 Is it baked enough ? J^ft^^U^ ^^^ ^° '™ **''''"S ' 
 
 26 Are all the handlcerohiefs Pj^^^t'^'fStl^^' ftl ^^ ham-pang-lang ko ti shaii-kan po 
 
 mended? tS'^^'?^'^ ho sai 'm ts'ang ? 
 
 27 Brmg dinner directly M^ fi^fflSfl^^R'^l^ '^^'*' P™ ™^° *^'''" '°' 
 
 28 Put the flowers on the table 'f^^^l^t^^fMpJ;^ ^° *^ ^^ ^°"S t'oi m'° oh'ii 
 
 29 How many dollars have you ? f>5>^^ ^'flS ^^^fM "" ^^^ ''^ '° '^° ngan-ts'in ni ? 
 
 30 I have sixteen dollars, forty ^fe-^~l*'^'(l5I ^^§^^ °g° y**^ ^'^^P ^^^ ^° ngan-ts'in 
 
 Pn^S-5- ling 3ze ho-ts2 
 
 cents 
 
 LESSON XV. 
 
 To add up 
 
 m 
 
 kai 
 
 A period (tune) 
 
 if' 
 
 -^ 
 
 noi, yat shi 
 
 To alter 
 
 m 
 
 I'OZ 
 
 must; really 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 pit 
 
 To begin 
 
 m^ 
 
 hi shau 
 
 To count 
 
 m 
 
 
 sho 
 
 To blow out 
 
 pkM 
 
 ch^ui siJc 
 
 To die 
 
 n 
 
 
 tze 
 
 A letter (postal) 
 
 min 
 
 (fang) san' 
 
 To do 
 
 fjc 
 
 
 tso^ 
 
30 
 
 LESSON XV (CONTINUEI).) 
 
 An account (bill) m 
 
 ?«?i 
 
 
 To dwell (live in) 
 
 ft 
 
 
 chu^ 
 
 Do. money ^ff H 
 
 ?Ao^ muk 
 
 
 Conversation 
 
 
 ffl^ao' 
 
 1^ 
 
 kong wa\ sheunff 
 
 statement of any sort. 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 cheuk 
 
 To burn 'j^p 
 
 shh< 
 
 
 (iold dollar 
 
 
 ^f? 
 
 
 hdm-isai 
 
 To change (cash) ;tv 
 
 chau 
 
 
 80 or " tlins " 
 
 (adt 
 
 .of py- 
 
 
 Icorri 
 
 To clean ^^?^ 
 
 chitnj koii 
 
 tseng' 
 
 quantity.) 
 
 Wee lesson xiii for 
 
 same word as adv. 
 
 To copy #:g 
 
 ch'au se 
 
 
 of quality 
 
 
 
 
 
 Conjugation op non-compound verbs. 
 
 The Chinese word expressing a vcrh undergoes no change or inflexion on 
 account of mood or tense. 
 
 The nominative, when expressed, precedes it as in English. In order to 
 express the time of action (i.e. the different shades of meaning dependent on what 
 we term moods and tenses) other words are added, or the verh is so placed in the 
 sentence that the context sufficiently shews the intention of the speaker. The 
 following talkie shews the principal parts of the active verb : — 
 
 infinitive 
 
 To WALK 
 
 n 
 
 hang 
 
 Present 
 
 / v:oll 
 
 nn 
 
 ngo hang 
 
 Imperfect 
 
 J walked 
 
 nnm. 
 
 ngo hang kwo 
 
 Perfect 
 
 I have wallced 
 
 n^mn^^, 
 
 ngo i king hang lok ; 
 
 
 
 n^nm 
 
 ngo yau hang bin 
 
 Potential 
 
 I can wcdh 
 
 ^ft# 
 
 ngo hang tak 
 
 ?) 
 
 I laai/ or can walk 
 
 ^pf^n^ 
 
 ngo ui hang 
 
 Subjunctive 
 
 If I walk 
 
 ^w^n 
 
 ngo yeuk hai hang 
 
 Future 
 
 I shall or wW walk 
 
 nn^n 
 
 ngo tseung loi hang 
 
 11 
 
 I imll (have an inten- 
 tion to) vali- 
 
 nun 
 
 ngo seung hang 
 
 The Chinese call a verb UT tsz '^ ^ i.e. the "living" or "active" character. 
 Note that the accusative or accusative phrase frequently precedes the verb. 
 
 The intensive particle U^ Che is frequently found following a verb. It is 
 not translated. 
 
 1 Have you tobacco to sell ? ^/^^ j^^jj^'^:^ 
 
 2 No ; I have tobacco to smoke ^, ^ '^ ifS^B^ 
 
 3 Will you begin to smoke? i^\^^ '^i^^^'H)^ 
 i Is breakfast ready ? -^ ^ iM Pa"^ 
 
 ni yau iu-peng mai mo ? 
 mo ; ngo yau in shik che 
 ui hi shau sliik in 'm ni 
 tso ts'an pm 'm ts'ang 
 
LESSON XV (CONTIHUED.) 
 
 31 
 
 13 Will you sell me some oranges? t5>'1^ HBy>pH"SKp§tyR °' seung mixi ti kam ngo 'm ni? 
 
 14 I have bought some lyohees ^j» e 'f^tl|}{j-5?«>l5tl''fl' °°° "'"' '"'' '^ la'"<'hi lok 
 
 15 Have you bought iiny flowers? f!jt]§[I^-fK5fC 
 
 5 Blow out the candle 
 
 6 Bring me yoiu- bill 
 
 7 Alter this bill 
 
 8 I will not alter tliis bill 
 
 9 Add up the account 
 10 Burn it all 
 
 111 wish to alter the bill 
 12 Buy me some cigars 
 
 ch'ui sik lap-cliuk 
 
 nim ui cheung-tan loi ngo 
 
 koi ni Cheung tan 
 
 ngo 'm seung koi ni cheung-tau 
 
 kai sho muk 
 
 shin sai 
 
 ngo seung koi ko cheung-tan 
 
 mai ti Lii-Sung in kwo ngo 
 
 16 Clean the saucepan 
 
 17 Please change tliis for me 
 
 18 Win you copy characters? 
 
 19 He may die 
 
 20 Count aU those things 
 
 21 If he smoke he may die 
 
 22 Can you do this for me ? 
 
 23 Where do you reside ? 
 
 24 I had a conversation with 
 
 him 
 
 25 Begin to count 
 
 26 Buy me that cake 
 
 27 Sell me that rice 
 
 28 I like gold dollars 
 
 29 Where is the bill ? 
 
 30 A good long conversation 
 
 31 1 began it upstairs 
 
 32 Clean the boots downstairs 
 
 33 Take care, you wiU bum it 
 31 1 have blown it out 
 
 35 I have not blown it out 
 
 
 
 
 nmmm 
 
 
 \±m^^ 
 
 
 ni mai hiu fa me ? 
 
 ching kon-tseng ko ko wok 
 
 ts'ing chau ni ti kwo ngo 
 
 ni seung ch'au tsz 'm seuug? 
 
 wak che k'ij ui sze 
 
 sho kwo sai ko ti ye 
 
 k'ii shik in p'a ui sze 
 
 ui t'ai ngo tso tak ni ti 
 
 'm ni? 
 ni hai pin-ch'ii chii ? 
 ngo yau t'un.ij; k'ii liong hwo shut 
 
 wa lok 
 hi shau sho 
 mai ko-ti peng ngo 
 mai ko-ti mai kwo ngo 
 ngo chung i kam tsai 
 ko Cheung tan tsoi pin-ch'u ni? 
 kong ho noi shiit wa 
 ngo hai lau-shcung lu shau siu 
 lok ha tai ts'at ho 
 siu sam 'm ho shiu cheuk k'U 
 ngo ch'ui sik hiu k'ii lok 
 ngo mi tsang ch'ui sik k'ii 
 
32 
 
 LESSONS xr AND XVI. 
 
 30 It will bum the cako ^ii^'i^^'^'fSffr'J'^''^ P'' "^'■^ """§ ^° '' P''"S ^® 
 
 37 Change tMssilver dollarforme Tv|j/BTM^8^@im^E ohau ni ko- ugan-ts'in kwo ngo 
 
 38 Copy tills letter for me 'f^B^^^'f^Al^^fe '^'^''^^ °' ^"°§ '™ ''^™ "=" 
 
 39 He sells shrimps IE S^^ ^'^ "^^ ^^ 
 
 40 Buy some mustard and pepper ^ !^^'?f*'7lc^^'^3fe '"^' '' kai-mut kuBg tsia-mut 
 
 for me y^^ ^'^° "^o 
 
 LESSON XVI. 
 
 To empty 
 To employ 
 
 To feed 
 To learn 
 A door 
 At 
 
 A friend 
 To find 
 To finish 
 To heat 
 To hurt 
 
 3* , 
 
 m 
 
 »T? 
 
 
 chiiiff hung 
 
 ts^liuj , shai , 
 
 yung' 
 
 VHI.'C 
 
 hok 
 mun 
 tsoi^ 
 
 p'ang yau 
 woM cheuk 
 tso^ iin 
 shiu it 
 sliGung 
 
 To lend 
 A dog 
 Parents 
 Everywhere 
 To interpret 
 
 
 (chek) tau 
 fu' mo' 
 ch^ii 'Ch^ii 
 ' ch'iin-wa^yan 
 yik 
 laii fan 
 ia s',e 
 shil 
 
 To keep (retain) •^^ 
 To kill ^^ 
 
 To know (be ^u 
 
 acquainted with) 
 To lock ^ soJi 
 
 True, really ^g shat 
 
 The verb as given in these lists of words is to be regarded as in the infinitive 
 mood. Thus / wish to learn, ngo chung i hok ^ rfj ^ i^. 
 
 Participle : — The present participle is often expressed either by the infinitive 
 alone, or by its combination with an adverb of time. In other cases the word hai 
 'j^ to be — M, is used, as in English, before the infinitive and adveib; e.g. " He is 
 ealii'jj," is either he cats, K'ij hai yak kan j^ -j^ P^ ^, or he eats at this time, 
 K'ii I ka yak tg ffij ^ P^. 
 
 The poteuti-iil mni/ is sometimes rendered by no jjj'. 
 
LESSON XVI (CONTINL'ED.) 
 
 33 
 
 The past participle is expressed by the adverb of time, the particle KB PHF 
 sometimes following the verb, e.g., He was beaten, K'ij pi yan ko chan sni ta ts'an 
 
 ^^ IE ^ A ■^'^ f^ D# ^ ^ PiJEl y''« doO'' ^"S i0(:ked KO TO MUN KO CHAN 
 SHI SOH MAI KE tr||]g f^ ^ |%Bi^ ^^P|t. 
 
 1 Do you eat oranges? rJ^|tziTprP§'f^2i ^ ^'^^ ''°™ '™ 7^'^'' 
 
 2 Lend me a saucepan fS 'iH^8i®^& ^^^' y^* ^° '^°^ '"^o "§" 
 
 3 Will you employ that mau? f/J'Vj'^ Ifll^ ^ ARSp "" seung yung ko ko yan me? 
 
 4 The dog begins to walk 'O^^^^^'^'fT '^° "^^^ ^'^" '" ^^"^ ^^° 
 
 5 fl'ill you add up the account -^Jj^ "^ g-j- O/^ '|^ B^ pE. ni hang kai ni cheung tan 'm 
 
 or not .'' « 
 
 6 Find me that bUl ^MlM^M^W-M^ 
 
 7 Have you finished learning? fl^^'^^P^-'^ 
 S Empty that pipe for me ^E^^fl3'r3i'i"l3^1JE$E ohinghungkochiin-t'ungkwongo 
 9 Have you changed that money? |yj\ ^ >^^l^ U y ^SP o'^* "' ^^^ '^'^^^ ''° *' ''^''" '™ '^'™S'' 
 
 hang? 
 wan cheuk ko cheung tan kwo ngo 
 ni hok iin 'm ts'ang ? 
 
 10 Feed those children 
 
 11 Where is he? 
 
 12 He is at his parents' 
 
 13 Look the door 
 
 14 Do you know that man ? 
 
 15 I do not know that man 
 10 He has killed his parents 
 
 
 um^mM^^i 
 
 ■\vai ko ti tsai nti 
 
 k'li tsoi pin-cli'u? 
 
 k'ii tsoi fa mo ch'ii 
 
 soh mun 
 
 ni shik ko ko yan 'm shik ? 
 
 ngo 'm shik k'ii 
 
 k'ii yan ta sze k'ii fu mo 
 
 tEW*r^tE^# 
 
 17 He has friends everywhere "f^J^I^^IS '^ J3J3 ^P^ ^'•i pi^^ '^^'^ ^° 7^" p'ang yau lok 
 
 18 Where do you keep (i.e. where i^^^^^^^Pj^ 
 
 is) your dog ? 
 
 19 Can you interpret Chinese 
 
 characters 
 
 20 I have interpreted Chinese 
 
 characters 
 
 21 Is that man hurt ? 
 
 22 Heat me some water 
 
 23 I have finished eating . 
 
 24 He may lend a dollar 
 
 ^^mmm^'^ 
 
 ni chek kau tsoi pin ch,'ii ni 
 t^ong tsz ni ni fan yik 'm ui ? 
 ngo yau fan yik kwo t'ong tsz 
 
 A^mtr 
 
 ko ko yan yau sheung mo ? 
 shiu it ti shui ngo 
 ngo yak tin lok 
 
 25 Has he learned those oha- 'fH6^^'fE^jj^p2- ko ti tsz k'ii hok kwo 'm 
 racters? "1©* ts'ang? 
 
34 
 
 LESSOKS XVI AND AVjl, 
 
 26 He has looked the door 'fS'R '^M iT '^'^ ^^^ ^"^ ™^° 
 
 27 Tell him to interpret B4*'fE'^^ '"" ^'^ "^'^'^ ^^ 
 
 28 Does he like to gather flowers ? -f g dj jS' J^ :i;fr pS bR k'u chung i chak fa 'm ni ? 
 
 29 He has found a copper sauce- fM;^^^ — '^t^^HjlfC ^'^ '"'™ cheuk yat ko t'ung 
 
 pan ^ shui-po 
 
 30 Will he keep (retain) it? fSiM^^PaiS k'u seung lau fan 'm seung ? 
 
 31 No, he will bring it directly pQ''M'fHi^'h!l ?l^ '" '*™^ ^'" *^^" """ ^°' 
 
 LESSON xvn, 
 
 
 To see, look at 
 
 To marry (said 
 of a man) 
 
 To marry (said 
 of a woman) 
 
 To move (shake) '^[Jj^ 
 
 To open pp 
 
 Always 
 
 Family 
 
 To owe 
 
 To pay (give) 
 
 To play 
 
 To pour out 
 
 TofiU 
 
 To punish (of- 
 ficially) 
 
 
 mn 
 
 fai kbi 
 ts^o' lo'-p'oh 
 
 ch*'ut /■(// 
 
 yuJc tung^ 
 
 hoi 
 
 shi-shi 
 
 Ica-hun^ 
 
 kitrC 
 
 pi 
 
 Jan 
 
 chant ch^ui 
 
 cham mun 
 
 chr tsur 
 
 To punish (a fault) m "^ 
 Goods ^i^ 
 
 To make (com- ^^, fta 
 pel) gffi 
 
 Afterwards 
 
 Friend 
 
 To put down 
 
 To quarrel 
 
 To read (recite) 
 
 To remember 
 
 Towards 
 
 Far 
 
 Near 
 
 To be wilUng 
 
 MM 
 
 my 
 
 &t 
 
 c^a^-fat 
 yb'-mat 
 kmn ; min 
 
 k'eung 
 
 in-hau\ 
 
 hau'-loi 
 
 p'ang-yau' 
 /o)i/ ha' 
 
 chang-lvin , 
 
 -, SS t^ai ahu, tuk 
 
 IE1 
 
 heung" 
 
 un' 
 
 kan' 
 
 The formation usually termed by grammarians "second future'' (shall have done 
 so and so) may be expressed by tseung loi JJ^C Tjj^, though this construction is very 
 seldom availed of; e.g. I shall have walked, ngo tseung loi hang ^ ^^^- 
 
LESSON XVII (continued.) 
 
 35 
 
 The Perfect (have walked) and Pluperfect (had walked) are sometimes shewn 
 by the context, but are frequently expressed in the form following; e.g. he has gone 
 away, K'ij hu kwo lok ^g -^ jj^ P^ ; / had (just) gone out ngo (ngam ngam) i 
 
 KING CH'OT MUN ^ (g^B^) ^ J^ Hj P^' 
 
 The following adverbs : FONG "fc* place, thereon, TSOl 7^ still or at, CHINO 
 TF. direct, ching kan j]^ {^ jvst now, ohing tsoi J^ ;^, tsau ching ujt IE 
 Jtist noiv, with others, express the pluperfect tense when used in a sentence 
 following (or in reply to) another expressing past action; e.g. (in reply to "Had 
 he eaten that fruit ? ") He had eaten the fruit, K'iJ CHAU ching yak kwo kwoh 
 
 To LOK ^ij P^ follows certain verbs to express the perfect participle ; e.g. 
 SHAU TO LOK i|^ ^j ^ received. 
 
 In some cases to ^j is used alone ; e.g. tdk to ggf 01, read. 
 
 1 I looked at that man ^ ^ ^^ M, j@^ A 
 
 2 He has made the door , tS^0''f0M P^^ 
 
 3 He has finished the account l3aT yC K^ 
 i That woman had married him f^/^^ \ ^jii^tH 
 
 #fgwiipw 
 
 ngo yau t*ai kin ko-ko yan 
 k 'ii ching ho ko to mun lo 
 k'ii kai (in slio 
 ko-ko nil yan ka kwo k'ii 
 k'ii ts'o kwo leung ko lo-p'o 
 ngo yau nim hu ko-ti fa 
 
 6 He had married two wives 
 
 6 I Lave moved away those 
 flowers 
 
 7 Had he opened the door ? 
 
 (Hi was it he who opened 
 
 the door?) 
 3 He had just paid it 1U^^M B ^# il^ 
 
 9 We owed him money formerly ^itt"^ H^ ^tS^ 
 
 10 Take care; he wiU not pay you >'J"»j\^\fgP§-'^'f^^f^ 
 
 1 1 I wish to go to play ^V ^^-^^^ ngo oi hu fan 
 
 12 I wish he had poured it out Sp TW'fH-^^l HJ 'fB ngo seung k'u yau ohaa oh'ut k'u 
 
 13 Please fiU that saucepan wwffl'i^'flS'^^^ '*''°S "ham mun ko-ko wok 
 
 14 Do not punish my friend Poitf ^"^ ^''^i^.^ "^ ^° ''^^^ ^^' "S" ke p'ang-yau 
 
 15 I am going towards Hongkong J& [fl] ^•^i^-^' "g° heung Heung-Kong hii 
 
 16 Has he quarreled with his '[§'& lal f ^"^^^^ ^'^ y^" ''""S '''" ^^ ka-kun chang 
 
 hai k'ii yau hoi mun mo ? 
 
 k'ii ngam ngam i king pi kwo 
 ngo-ti kau-shi him k'ii ugan 
 "^'J^ siu sam ; k'ii 'm hang pi ts'in ni 
 
36 LESSON XVII !cOi\TiM:nr'.) 
 
 family? gffi (or t(^^) ^Tt ^^^ (<"■ ^i kaa) mo ■?■ 
 
 17 He put it down afterwards 'fS^/l^^'^'S' ^'" l^""''"' fo^ig '°k hii 
 
 18 Does he read books always ? fg^ [}=^ 9^ i^^^'i^tH^ k'ii hai shi-shi t'ai shii ke me ■' 
 
 19 I cannot remember ^fePanBf^ ngo 'm ki tak 
 
 20 Had he heated the water? jg i'j^7fCi^tSl^^''iS ^° *' ^^"' ^''' 1^'" F° '* ''^ '' 
 
 21 He has employed a coolie fSifl'^ — 10'^ jfiP'^" ^'^ *^''"S lii" yat ko kun-tim lofc 
 
 22 Had he emptied the saucepan 'fg^^^'^'O^'^ ^''^ jau tsing hung ko-ko wok mo ? 
 
 23 No ; he had heated the water :^; ■f^^^:5!lC ^° ^ '^'^ P° ''"*"' 
 
 24 ShaU I punish the coolie ? ^ ^ g^ 'fS ^ J^^ "^° °^^^ '^^^ ^'° kun-tim ho 'm 
 
 pB-^f ho? 
 
 25 He received and read it jElH^^J X ^MtB''-^ '''" ^^^^''^ y^^ tnk-kwo k'U lok 
 
 26 Did you get those goods? flJ^^^^^J^^^J'^ ™ ^^ shau-to ko-ti fo-mat 
 
 27 No ; my friend received them '^■, ^ J|@ ^^l^'^j'^^ ™" ! "S° p'ang-yan shau-to lok 
 
 28 Is his family here, or not ? tS"!^^ ^"ffi 5^ ^ ^'^ ^^ ka-kiin tsoi ui ch'ii 'm 
 
 29 Yes; and a good many of his f^P^, ^^'Witf^tS ''^^^ ''°'^' '^h™? 7^" ^° *° k'ii-ke 
 
 friends "ItJIl^Ptljl^ p'ang-yau hai ch'ii 
 
 30 She married him afterwards f^'^^j^^f^ k'ii hau loi ka k'ii 
 
 81 Where does the house-boy owe 'fR]/^-^'fT'^ jfiy^^l^ ''° ^° sze-tsai him pin-ch'u ke 
 
 money ? ^^ pB ugan ni ? 
 
 82 I can't remember; I think it PSgR^^n^^j^fif^S^ '^ ki-tak lok ; ngo ku hai kai-tan 
 
 is for eggs As-4 
 
 83 Had he emptied the basin ? "fS R^^g^^fli|ll'ttf9 jfll ^''-^ y^'^ chiug-buug ko-ko min- 
 
 ^M p'unmo? 
 
 L hai chinz-hunff k'ii ; cham 
 
 34 He hadnot emptied (the basin); '|'gP^-|'^»gS'[^g+-J^ k'ii 'm 
 
 he had poured out water .^ H^ 
 
 lok bu cho 
 
 35 Did you punish him altirwardsV "rj^ ^? ^H^'^^^f'^ TS^lI ™ hau-loi yau chak-fat k'ii mo? 
 
 36 I did not puuiih him afterwards ^& 1{^ ^Ij "Tl^t ^\ "fS' "o° hau-loi mo chak-fat k'ii ; ngo 
 
 I paid him '^f^P^^MtlE P' ^^'" °S™ ^^'"■ 
 
 37 Did you malce him pay i^i^ ^rt fSffe^Sfjji "' ^^ ■'^'''™ ^^''^ P' "S'l'^ "' '■" 
 
 you? Pa'f^j ^'''^ 
 
LESSON XVUl (CONTlNUKt>.) 
 
 37 
 
 LESSON XYIII. 
 
 To repair 
 
 #^ 
 
 sau ching 
 
 City (walled) 
 
 m 
 
 shing 
 
 To row (with oars 
 
 ^nm 
 
 chau^ tseung 
 
 Foreign 
 
 ^m 
 
 ngoi kwok 
 
 To sliave 
 
 m 
 
 t'ai' 
 
 To return 
 
 m^ 
 
 fan loi 
 
 To sign (one's 
 
 %^ 
 
 ts^im meug 
 
 To look for 
 
 *a 
 
 wan 
 
 name) 
 
 
 
 To say or speak 
 
 m 
 
 wa^ 
 
 Mountain 
 
 III 
 
 shan 
 
 To separate 
 
 mm 
 
 pit-/fo/ 
 
 Music 
 
 %m 
 
 yam ngolc 
 
 To shew 
 
 #-!S 
 
 pi —rat 
 
 To ride 
 
 ilgpf iRj 
 
 li'e ma 
 
 Matches (lucifers^ 
 
 ' ikm 
 
 /oA'-ch'ai 
 
 To sail (a sliip) 
 
 %m 
 
 shai shiin 
 
 People 
 
 !^M 
 
 paJc-sUig'^ 
 
 To send 
 
 w-i 
 
 M' — hu 
 
 Native 
 
 i^^ 
 
 pun -ti^ 
 
 To sew 
 
 m 
 
 liin 
 
 To tell 
 
 m-^ 
 
 wa' — chi 
 
 Weather 
 
 %M. 
 
 t^in-hi'' 
 
 A "boat 
 
 ^m 
 
 sam-pan 
 
 The following characters are used to express the perfect tense: ts'ang '@' 
 "have" "done;' hid |^ "have;' uu "J "have;' i g, "just" done andi i king 
 gj 1^ already; kwo ^ past action, "beyond:' lok P;^, la p^lj, lo Ij^ and pa 
 LO -^ P^ also express the perfect Avhen used alErmatively or responsively ; e.g., 
 I have left NGO hu liu ^ ^ "f ; / have ivaUced, ngo hang kwo ^fj^; I 
 have copied it, ngo ch'au lok ^ ^j; \i^, He has died, K'ij sz hiu jg ^ ^. 
 
 As will have been seen, the demonstrative pronoun frequently supplies the 
 place of the definite article. It is generally so used when the sense admits of it, 
 but the rule is by no means invariable. 
 1 Have you repaired the f^^f'^^Sf IS^H 
 
 hox? 
 
 2 Did you row the boat ? 
 
 3 I have seen many men 
 
 4 Tell the man to shave me 
 
 5 Make him sign his name 
 
 6 Can you see the moun- 
 
 tain? 
 
 
 ni sau ching ho ko~ko seung mit 
 
 ts'aug ? 
 ni chau hiu sam-pan 'm ni ? 
 ngo Icin kwo ho to yan 
 
 f^^RfS 1^ A PI HIP'J M ''''' ^°'^° y^"^ *'""^ °s° '*''' """ 
 
 5MtH^^ k'eung k'ii ts'im meng 
 
 ^ tak? 
 
 7 I want to go to my parents ^^^^^^ ngo in hu fu mo ch'u 
 
38 LESSON XVin ((JONTTNDED.) 
 
 8 Do you like music? Can you TytCH W "HT^PafTKifyt "' chung-i yam-ngok 'm ni; ni ui 
 
 ride ? P^'^ '^ f aPe" ^'^ ""^ '"" °' ' 
 
 9 I have never ridden ^y Prt ^ff i^^inn "S" '■" ts'ang k'e ma 
 
 10 Can the ship sail well? 'fl^^ftl^.lll f^^fPa Ij/S ^° "^"^ ^^™ *ai-tak ho 'm ni? 
 
 11 Send mo a seamstress im — •'flS ^ffl^j^^? ->jf shai yat ko po-sham-p'oh loi 
 
 12 The weather has been very good ^^:^(Ci^? "I'^Tstj t'in-hi i-king ahap-fau ho 
 
 13 We had had weather but now ^tBTpaJt? ^C' 3S.0^ *™ ^''' '™ ^° ''"^ ' '" ^^^ '"' 
 
 it is good 'W-r 
 
 14 Is that a foreign man? tHpjfffl'j^ 5fpH ^^^]/h ^° ^° '^^^ "S°^ kwok yan 'm hai? 
 
 15 That was a large city (1(0113^ 3^1^ ^f^ ^^ ^° ^™ ^^^ '^^ ^° *^^ ^"^ 
 
 formerly ''I't^ ^l^iog 
 
 16 I have been to a foreign city ^E^-ira 'iMifrlS °§° ^^ ^^''° 7^' '^^ °Soi kwok 
 
 17 Will you return and tell me ? •|/J^ g wH ^sS "PC ^S R>^ "' ^^°^ fan-loi wa ngo t'eng ma? 
 IS Does he speak well ? tH ^ f^ ^^i^ '^'" ^ong-tak ho me ? 
 
 19 I cannot separate them ^J^PatH M Pi tElt'lfe "S° '" V^-^^^ ^°'^ ^'u-ti 
 
 20 Shew me those matches j'^ |g '0^^^$^!^ P^ '^°"*' fo-ts'ai ngo t'ai 
 
 21 Is he a native or not? tSI^'^Hil/AkPal^ k'ii hai pun-ti yan 'm hai? 
 
 22 The people are everywhere 0^?flj^|^^))'M pak-sing ch'ii-ch'ii to yau 
 
 23 Does he intend to marry ? '|p'fei^^^2;^!^£p5./<< k'U hai seung ts'o lo-p'oh 'm hai? 
 
 24 He cannot pay the money 10.^0 T^ f^^5 ^'^ '™ P' ^^^ ngan 
 
 25 Will he return to his family? ']Ri^^^^''|R0Bf ^Sc^^ ^'^ senng fan hii k'ii ke ka-kiin 
 
 pE-ig -m seimg? 
 
 26 That, I can not say, reaUy 'f^lj^'^ ^ PafJ ^ W ^° *' °^° '™ '*™ ''"'^ *^' 
 
 27 He was always a good friend '[^Hif Ifijp'f^ f^yJjP)^^ k'ii slii sW bai tso bo p'ang yau 
 
 28 They have said so tS'^^B^fS" ^'^ *' ^^ ^°^ ^'^ 
 
 29 Is the weather in the city good ? t^'fUfflS ^^Si$TPa P/S shiug lui t'au t'in In ho 'm ni 
 
 30 Had you repaired the box? "fiS^f^^^P^flS'X'ifl 5|C '^ ^™ ching bin ko-ko seungmi? 
 
 31 He looks everywhere f^J^^§[^tm k'ii ch'u-oh'u to wan 
 
 32 I will go out boat sailing (to ^& :^ ^3RSi '^.mj °S° seung hau loi shai sam-pau 
 
 sail) afterwards 
 
 33 Will you return those f^^^ i® i^^ I® ^§ i^ "' ^®™S P' ^"^ ^°'^ foh-t»'ai 
 
 matches? tS^U^ "^"^ 
 
LESSONS x^■m and xix. 
 
 39 
 
 34 I have shewn him the city 'j^ A»|^^^'^ [3fP|Hjij ko ti shing ngo yau t'ung k'ii t'ai 
 
 35 What do all the people say ? "§" ^ ppj^^ mS B'S pak-siug tini wa ni? 
 
 36 They say he has gone away '[^|ji|]jf$'[^'^[^;]^ '''""'' w" ^''" 1"" ^'" '''^ ™* 
 
 to ride ,^ 
 
 37 I have ridden, and you have ^^^i^^P^f^iMlf^ ngo yau k'e ma, ni shai hia 
 
 sailed — 'JrM sam-pan 
 
 38 He had returned, and will 'fE'B'lMSI^^II^-^ ^'" ^''^'"^ *^*" '"'' *"" °''^' ^*° 
 
 send a man ?5R (Iff 1°' ^"^ 
 
 39 Where is the mountam in the Bfp]'|H;^f»|^ ^t^^^ ko-ko ngoi-kwok shing, pin-ch'ii 
 
 foreign city ;^5 Ml yau shan 
 
 iO The people cannot say ; the Q Jf^Prt' ^^ ^^ i 5'^ ^^ pak-sing 'm wa tak ; t'in hi 'm 
 weather is too bad to see it P^'ftf'Pa'H^ ^ Mi ^°' '" ''*' ^^^ ''"* 
 
 LESSON XIX. 
 
 A receipt |y§[ bh shmi-tan Sometimes 'WB^ y^°' ^^' 
 
 To give a receipt 'j^ij^.^ pi skau-tan Then (at that 'jSlffi^ *"' °'^'^°' ^^ 
 
 Rent |g;^ 
 
 To pay rent ^^^R^K nap <so-ugan When ^^^f 
 
 SaU (a) ^^IJJM 
 
 To hoist a sail ^jtljjl^ 
 To set sail (depart) bS ^ 
 
 To go sailing ]|^||JM 
 
 Formerly 
 
 Now 
 
 Never 
 
 Not yet 
 
 Often 
 
 To observe 
 
 :5fcB# 
 
 5fe- 
 
 
 tso ngan 
 nap feo-ugan 
 (feng ) li 
 c/»'e' h' 
 hoi shdn 
 shai U 
 5irt shi 
 in' shi 
 tsung mo 
 'm ts'ang 
 ho to ui 
 man hhi' 
 
 time) 
 When 
 To sleep 
 To smell (with 
 
 the nose) 
 Smell (as of a 
 
 flower) 
 To sit down 
 To spoil 
 To stand up 
 To steal 
 
 ^ 
 
 h, shi 
 fan' 
 
 heung 
 
 tsoh* 
 
 
 fli 
 
 k'i hi shan 
 i^au 
 
-JO 
 
 LESSON XIX ((.'ONTINUED.) 
 
 Auxiliary' verbs. 
 
 As ill all other languages, certain verbs in frequent use are auxiliary to others. 
 
 Of these the most useful in Chinese (in which the strictly auxiliary uses of "to 
 have" and ''to be" are not found,) are the following: — - tak ^S to be able, can; 
 CHEUK ^- implying action; SHAI im to bid; LING -^ to male or cause; and PI '[^ 
 to cire, cause, make, or let. 
 
 Pit JiA vuist and si' ^5 necessary (with other expressions of which they are 
 components) meaning must, ought to, may be deemed auxiliaries; as may also several 
 others which will be given in the lessons immediately following. 
 
 "S" HANG, to be ivilling, to assent to, is used to express the future tense when 
 intention is implied. (TVde sentence 4, &c.) 
 
 1 Send tliat man for a receipt '^ffptll] /\"^ J«l'^|^-^ ^^^' ^° ^° J^" ^^ ^° shau-tan 
 
 2 Tell him lie must pay the sJlE ^ ^^*^ffiP3 '"'^ ^'^ °^' ^^^ F'* '" "^P *'°" 
 
 rent ffl^fi "S™ 
 
 3 He can't give a receipt t^Po'T?' ^HxS- ^'^ '^ P' *^'*- shau-tan 
 
 i He will not give a receipt yet 1P.Pq ^ JPiEI^ ffH'HX-^F- ^'^ '™ ^^.ng in shi hoi shau-tan 
 
 5 Has he ever set a sail in a 
 
 hunt? 
 
 6 He did so formerly 
 
 7 He is going to row now 
 
 8 I never signed my name 
 
 9 She often sews clothes 
 
 10 Sometimes he pays and some- Itj 'S^ |jS ISSRh BqF 
 
 times he does'nt pS'fS 
 
 11 Did he set sail then ? j|;||. f|||5f^Bf ^ % 
 
 IH'^ 'S® "iJ^^jtltlM''''' ^^"^ *^°^ '^■"° sam-pan ch'6 
 pS.^ ]i 'i-n ts'fmg ? 
 
 i^I^B^ f^ »^ '''"' ^"i-sbi tso kwo 
 
 IS S BvJF ^.^ ^ \M. ^ k 'ii in-shi seung hii chau tseung 
 ^ Pa 'a* ^ jM -^ ngo 'm ts'ang ts'im kwo meng 
 
 1W^ fE] ^^ 3^f^ k'ii ho to ui lun i-fuk lok 
 
 k'ii yau shi pi ngan, yau shi 
 
 12 When he gave the receipt he tg|^ll^||.B$^^ 
 
 had no money 
 
 13 \\'c do not often sleep there ^ Hll^^^ [eJ Pi| 
 
 14 I ohserve that the flowers smeU ^ ^ ^IllS!l6'»I'ffiiiJ' 
 
 very well 5k 
 
 m pi 
 k'u hai ko chan shi hoi shan 
 
 'm hai 
 k'ii hoi shau-tan shi mo ngan 
 
 ngo ti mo ki to ui hai ko-ch'ii 
 
 fan 
 ngo man kin ko-ti fa ho 
 
 heung 
 
 15 Will he sit down now or not? 
 
 f^^H^"^ :^1!feP§-'^ k'ti in-slii hang tso tai m hang 5 
 
LESSON XIX (continued.) 41 
 
 16 Had he spoiled the cake? tS'^^^'OflxI'Plf •ft '^'" ^^^ '''""^ waiko-ti peng mo? 
 
 17 Stand up and teli me the '^^2:3'WjSt 431^®^ ^^ ''' *'^^" ^^ "S" "^^ '" ''° 
 
 price TH^^ ka-ts'iii 
 
 18 Who is the man that stole ^& "jQ k fmi \jm\ '^S pin-ko yan t'au ko-ko pni? 
 
 that cup_? ^ 
 
 I'J The leaves of trees are some- )|§jSfe'SUCT'}tf "AT ^^"^ '1' yau-slii ho tai 
 
 times larno 
 
 ;;o Did he formeriy give a receipt 1^;^3s5F'H TO^I^^'fl' ^'^ ^"^ ^''^ y*** '^^ shau-tan mo? 
 ■21 We never slept there at that ^ ^ ^''^^M^ Pl^ ^° ^^' °^°''^ tsung-mo hai ko- 
 
 thae 10!^.i]ll '=^'^ &i 
 
 132 That cabbage smells very 'T^H V fi ^^ W f^ "P^' ''° *' pak-ts'oi man tak shap-fSn 
 
 badly Prtit? '"» ''° 
 
 23 The nmsic was formerly good; "g" ^P ^T^ ^P }(ti ^SiQt yam-ngok sin-shi ho; in-shi 
 
 now it is bad pS. rtj 'm ho 
 
 2i Have you set down the 'W^'R^yK'C'^^'IH'T*! J "' ^^^ '°''S ^°^ ko-ko tsai 'm 
 
 child? PB"^ ts'ang? 
 
 25 He stole the bread and wine 'f R IbH'^'^''&^I^'^ ^ ^''^ ''""^ '"" '">''' ">in-pi*" l"i"S 
 
 tsau lok 
 
 26 You have not yet bought the rfi^ t^ M ^C DlH "^c — ni mi ts'ang mai ko chek sam- 
 
 boat J^ pan 
 
 27 I often go out boat saiHng ^ it?:^ IEI ©I'M H! i" "SO ho to ui shai H Ch'ut hu 
 
 28 We sometimes sail there ^?^^H^P^fH^ ngo ti yau-shi hai ko ch'u 
 
 ,|^ll)l shai h 
 
 29 Win you give me a receipt fyi^SiflT BB tX-I^Se "' in-slii hoi shau-tan ngo 'm 
 
 30 Does he sometimes shave the 1 R'^Btf ^IjIflHl'T*,^''!^ ^'"- yau-shi t'ai ko-ko yan ke t'au 
 
 m ni 
 
 31 He does not often do so ; he fH^ ^& ^ |bJ P'H'f^, k'ii mo ki to ui kom tso, k'li sia 
 did so formerly tH^tSs^F'^f^ sM yau tso 
 
 i2 When does he sleep at that IS ^^ Q^ p^ /^ ^ k'ii ki shi hai ko-ch'u fan ? 
 place? g||| 
 
 33 I cannot not say for certain; he ^fepE-§3&«!^^, fB^r ngo 'm wa tak shat ; k'u mi 
 has not yet returned 'S" WM ts'ang fan 
 
42 
 
 LESSONS XIX AND XX. 
 
 34 He is a bad man; lie ncyer pays 'fB'pS''&T^^) iSMBPa ^''^ '™ '^° ^^^ ' ^'^ tsung 'm nap 
 
 his rent H^S^^lE *'° °^*° ''^ 
 
 35 Do those flowers smell good WPIp^'/i' ^ 'fP'itftlP' ko-ti fa man tak ho chi 'm 
 
 or bad? Paitf '^°' 
 
 36 Those flowers smeU very good ; Plfe]!l^^ ^ ff itf '^(0 B^f) ^° " ^^ "'''" '"'^ ''° ' '^°"*' "S^"" 
 
 but that beef smells bad <d^ |^ ^ •^P^'itf ^"^ ™™ *^^' '™ ^^ 
 
 37 Does he often steal anything fgltj'^ Ib] ^ffi'''i5£ ^'" '^° '° ^^ ''™ ^^ ^^ 
 
 (things) P3£ me? 
 
 LESSOR XX. 
 
 To steer (a boat ift^'V' -js ■^'''' '■'*^'' "''" 
 
 or ship) _ )||; 
 
 To stop (olDStruct) fl|S'f£ 
 To taste (as food) ^, gg 
 
 UlU 
 
 ngai-7(im 
 
 Cotton cloth 
 Danger 
 
 About (nearly) 3E^^^fe» ch^a-pai-to 
 
 ;^^'fj tai-ye«i 
 
 To study (i.e. to gS^gi tuk sliil 
 
 read aloud, as Chinese boys study) 
 
 To sweep clean t^SlI)^ *"* i-OB-tsen] 
 
 To swear to ^B- IS shai'-iin^ 
 
 Debt ^^ 
 
 t'ai To pay debts 3g ^® 
 
 lau chii" Both Pj^'® 
 
 sheung, t'im' A ship ('^E' fufif 
 
 min-^o^ To think ; guess ^TO^, Ipt 
 
 To throw down Vw- 
 
 To throw away iW-^" 
 
 a 
 
 To tie up 
 
 Srni 
 
 Moon 
 
 Either — or 
 Bad (wicked) 
 
 m-^ 
 
 S5 
 
 him^-chai' 
 
 wan ts'in 
 
 leung ko' 
 
 (cJiel) shiin 
 
 seung ; kif, 
 
 p'ek 
 
 p'ek ha'' 
 
 pong chii^ 
 
 yat 
 
 iit 
 
 yik — wak 
 
 ok 
 
 Negatives should precede the verb, and the auxihary the adverb, in sentences 
 where an adverbial formation expresses the tense of the verb ; e.g. He cannot 
 \ orite quickly '[g pS- ^ ^ /^ k'u 'm se tak fai. He cannot do it properly |^ 
 
 Prt '^ 1^ it? ^''^ '^ '^^^ ^-^'^ ^*^- 
 
 May (or must in its non-intensive sense) is expressed by hoh PJ . 
 
LESSON XX (continued.) 
 
 43 
 
 Chedk W (see lesson 16) rather completes than intensifies the sense of any 
 Verb with which it is used. Experience and practice alone can determine the words 
 with which it is compounded. 
 
 Ka.u ^|r to cause, is often used in an auxiliary way, implying to teach, shewing 
 how to act, or letting one know; e.g. Let me shew you, ^p 3x ^t f^ '^ tang 
 
 NGO KATJ NI A. 
 
 ^I!$'J 
 
 m 
 
 tso la 
 to ts6 
 tim tang 
 
 Teacher, Sir (lit. yi\'f^ sia shang 
 
 elder born) 
 AU tM^ ts'ai saC 
 
 Sit down 
 
 Many thanks 
 
 Light the lamp ffiAi) 
 
 ^j^ TO, all, complete, frequently follows a phrase expressing number, to inten- 
 sify the sense (Vide sentence 20.) 
 
 1 Can you steer this boat ? 
 
 2 Will you taste that fruit? f^ itH'^-^Il^^-jF' 
 
 3 Sit down ; there is no danger ^[jjjjljll^ "j^ ^JJ^^^ 
 
 4 Good morning; when do you SR.-^g, fy^'i^US SH 
 
 sail? ^ 
 
 5 Goodbye! I am goingto study ^ fjfif ij, ^^ ^^^ 
 
 (See vocab.) 
 
 6 Sweep it all away 1^5^iR$'J 
 
 7 He has paid the debt; give him j^j^ iff^^i^i 'f^^ 
 
 a receipt ii^HtEfillJ 
 
 8 Tell him to pay "T iB^ ^ 
 
 9 Don't stop Mm : he will throw P^f^lHfrfetS' tS^ 
 
 it away ptgt±l* 
 
 10 It smeUs very bad ; bring it ^ ^"l":^?^^' tj^ 
 
 here ^Vji^ 
 
 11 Light the lamp; tie the dog up f^j)^^'^;^^^ 
 
 12 The teacher thinks it is good ^;^;^f^^;§f P|t 
 
 13 Can you see the sun j^M^ M^%^ B § 
 
 ni chok sam-pan ni ui cha t'ai 
 
 'm ui? 
 ni semig sheung ko-ti kwo-tsz 
 
 'm ni? 
 tso la ! 'm hai ugai him ke 
 tso slum ! ni ki shi hoi shau?' 
 
 ho hang la ! ngo hii tuk shii 
 
 so sai hii la 
 
 k'ii wan ts'ing ts'in lok ; pi cheung 
 
 shau tan k'ii la 
 kiu k'ii wan ts'la^ 
 'm ho Ian chii k'ii ; k'ii seung 
 
 p'ek k'ii ch'ut hii 
 man tak shap-fan 'm ho ; nim loi 
 
 ni ch'ii 
 tim tang ; pong-chii chek kail 
 ko sin-shang ku hai ho ke 
 f ni in-shi kin tak ko yat t'au 'm 
 
 kin tak ni? 
 
44 LESSON XX (CONTINDED.) 
 
 14 No, but I can see the P^^^' "fBi^^^^f^ 'ra tak ; tan hai ngo kin tik 
 
 moon 10 >^ ''° "* 
 
 15 Bring either beev or foreign wine TQ tl|p vra raT ^B vHyl^ "™ P' '^^" '"'^'^ yeung tsau loi 
 
 16 What is that made of? IHUll^'^ '^t^'^''^ ^° '^ '^^^ "^' ?« *^° '^® ' 
 
 17 It is made of good cotton cloth Y^WT'Tm Ttj iSc^'K '''''' ^° niin-po tso ke 
 
 18 Make him stand up ; he has ^fffS'^fe:^' fSfsiJ kam k'il ki hi shan: k'ii t'au k-5rc« 
 
 stolen a fork yS) Tx3C y^' ''^' "^'^ 
 
 19 Throw it down here ■^^^M'^ ^'''^ ^°^ " '^'^''•' 
 
 20 Both the men have slept PI^'O J^^Pj^'f^^^IIJll '^™S ^'■° J'™ '° '^^' ^" ''^'" '^'^ 
 
 there jiMP^ kwolok 
 
 21 When did they swear to tS^M^B^^M'tf^ff ^'"'*' ''^ *'" shai-un ko kin 
 
 that? ^ sze? 
 
 22 Before they went away, (lit. f^n^;^!*^^ WM' ^ '''""*' ^'"'^"^ shai-iin; iu-haii 
 
 They first swore ; [they] 'fslEflB- ching ch'e 
 
 afterwards went away) 
 
 23 Formerly they had a quarrel 1^^"^ H$''^ji|S[^ J^'ii 'i kau-shi ai kwo kaw 
 
 24 There are about six of them ';^j^^;^'f!S|^ tai yeuk yau luk ko ch'ii 
 
 25 He likes to read books 'fH'^' ^il^^ '^'" '^^'^"^"i f'^i ^hu 
 
 26 Who told you so ? Was it the -^f ^[if^ fj fO^ ^ • ^ mat-shui kom wa ni chi ? hai sin- 
 
 teacher? 3fe^Pa'0 ?hang'mhai? 
 
 '27 No, it was the houseboy pE- '^, Y^ fi. -j^ 'm hai ; hai sze-tsai 
 
 28 miat did he say afterwards? f^^jj^f J^fJljIS k'u I'^u loi tini wa ni' 
 
 29 He said both the men were bad f{^gjpj^'f@^-j'^»^ A k'ii wa leung ko to hai ok yan. 
 
 30 Why did he not stop them ? f^ j^ '{jjP^-jffl'fifS k'ii tso mat 'm lan-chu k'u ti 
 
 31 They had tied him up fSII^^B^fS ^'^ '' P™° '''" '"'" 
 
 32 Tell the coolie to sweep the floor H4-^ jS''t^1^/lM *''" kun-tim so lau-pan 
 
 33 He bii.l not paid his rent fEPo'^'f^®-^ '^'" '" '^'''"^' f' *'°"'^S'"' 
 
 34 It has often been so B'^ B$ ^ "^ P^' ^'""*' *° '''^^ '^°™ 
 
LESSON XXJ (continued.) 
 
 45 
 
 LESSON XXI. 
 
 To day 
 Tomorrow 
 Dny after to- 
 morrow 
 Yesterday 
 This month 
 Last mouth 
 Next year 
 Next month 
 
 This year 
 Last year 
 To touch 
 To translate 
 To understand 
 To upset 
 
 
 
 ham yat 
 t^eng yat 
 liau^ yat 
 
 tsok yat 
 Tii ho' lit 
 slieung'' l-o" lit 
 ming nin 
 tai^ r ho' lit, 
 
 ha^ lit 
 ham nin 
 kau^ nin 
 moA-cheuk 
 /rtji-yik 
 ming-pak 
 ta -to' 
 
 «g§ 
 
 To walk 
 To warm 
 
 To WLlsll 
 
 Face 
 
 Hands 
 
 To work 
 
 The body 
 
 In the midst of pfa ^ 
 
 Too (much or 
 
 little &c.) 
 Altogether 
 Although 
 Because 
 Consequently 
 It 
 Therefor? 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 mi>x 
 
 hang-lo^ 
 ching -niin 
 
 shau 
 ia -hung 
 shdn 
 
 chnng-han 
 (a^-tsaP 
 
 tstmg kung^ 
 sui-m 
 
 shoh -i 
 yeuk 
 shoh -i^ 
 
 Several words in addition to those already given are, by some grammarians^ 
 described as auxiliary verbs, their only claim to that title, however, being the 
 frequency with which they occur in compound verbal phrases. Such are chung- 
 I ptl ^& to nice, KOM 5^ ^0 dare^ &c. 
 
 To have, tau ;i^, is frequently used (much as in German) for to he ; e.g. to 
 he ill is YAU PENG '-^ ^pff ^Ho have illness.^' (pomp, hunger, durst haben, &c.) 
 
 Is that right] a|] j^^pH-i 
 or wrong J 
 
 Eight Tg" cheuk 
 
 Wrong pS^g 'in cheuk 
 
 ko ko cheuk 
 'm cheuk 
 
 1 Where is he to-day ? 
 
 2 I don't dare say 
 
 3 Do you go tomorrow or the 
 
 day after? 
 
 4 I went there yesterday 
 
 k'ii kam yat hai pin ch'ii ? 
 
 ngo 'm kom kong 
 
 ni t'eng-yat wak hau-yat hii 
 
 me? 
 ngo tsok-yat htt ko ch'ii 
 
-1(J 
 
 LESSON XXI (continued.) 
 
 5 Will you tr.inslati- botli of 
 
 those books ? 
 
 6 No, I don't understand them pE- ^^, ^ pS. [^ Q |g 'm seung, ngo 'm ming pak k'u 
 
 7 He does not like to touch them J |5pS" l+I ^^ JS ^g J § 
 
 8 Ho sh.ppo.i him last month jg J^ j|g ^ f^fifg 
 
 9 Will he walk much this i&J^iM M ^7 ^^ 3' 
 
 month? PaB^ 
 
 10 He upset the table fg tT'^l^^^l^^ 
 
 11 Wm you tell him to wai'm the f^i®H^fg^J^;i!{< 
 
 water? R^ 
 
 12 :\rakp him wash his lace and ^fg^ ^^ ^ 
 
 hands 
 
 13 Has he not yet done so ? jgl'^'^ P|]t M^^ 
 
 k'ii 'm chung-i moh cheuk k'u 
 k'ii sheung ko lit lan-chii k'U 
 k'ii ni-ko iit hang tak to 'm ui?' 
 
 k'ii ta to ko cheung t'oi 
 
 ni seung kiu k'ii ching niin phu' 
 
 me ? 
 k'eung k'ii sai min sai shau 
 
 k'ii 'm ts'ang kom tso me? 
 
 1 4 Next month he intends to work "[g ^ Zl^|§ ^ ^^ -jTin '^'" '^' i ko iit seung ta kung 
 
 15 Will lie go out sailing this year? fg 'Y*a^^^||SfP§'l^ k'ii kam nin hu hang shiin 'm ni?' 
 
 16 I don't know; he went last 
 
 yea 
 
 
 ^x^ 
 
 ngo 'm chi, k'ii kau nin hii 
 kwo 
 Igjfnup k'ii ming nin shi-pit in tso ho to- 
 kung hi 
 S. k'ii wai mat yp hai kom si ? 
 k'ii in sai shan 
 
 k'ii tsoi p'ang-yau chung-kan 
 C k'u 'm mlng-pak tak sai 
 
 17 He must work a good deal 
 next year 
 
 18 Why does he write thus? fg^ -^ 
 
 19 He wishes to take a b;i til (wash ^g ^ v^ ^ 
 
 the body) 
 ill Ho is in the midst of friends tH -^ 19 ^ '4' P5 
 
 21 He does not entirely understand fgpSI^ Q MPS 
 
 22 Is that too big for you? i^P^ ^ f^'^i'aB^ ^'^ ^°^ '''' ^''^ ^^^ '™ *" ' 
 
 23 Although he is good, the wo- fg^^^J, "(Bl®;^ 
 
 man is bad >A.Po^ 
 
 24 That is altogether wrong 'f0!)^|||P§-^ 
 •15 Why is it wi-ong? ^ .-^ ^Potf 
 2G Because it wants finishing P9 j^l'a''^^^ 
 
 27 Then it is consequently bad P_^ ^ifJ^P§'^ 
 
 28 No, if it were Knished it would \&A&, 3b ni^^^^flfi^ '™ ^^'i yeuk hai ching hi ehau ho 
 
 k'ii sui-in ho, tan ko nii yan 'oi 
 
 ho 
 ko ti tsung 'm cheuk 
 Wai mat ye 'm cheuk ? 
 yan-wai 'm ts'ang ching hi 
 kom shoh i 'm ho 
 
 be good 
 
 n^m^ 
 
 ke lok 
 
LESSONS XXI AND XXII. 
 
 47 
 
 29 He told me he had finish- tgfg-||^tg^^ 
 
 ed it P^ 
 
 30 He does'nt like to do it ? f gjlS pf <S'i^ 
 
 31 Tell him it must he done nSfR^ff) ^k ^M*^^ ^JC '"""■ '^'^ ''''' shi-iiit in Lso 
 
 32 When ? tomorrow, or the next ^g fji DB , ^S Q pt^ ki shl ni, t'eng-yiit w;ik liau- 
 
 day? =^a 
 
 33 Next year will also do 1^ ^ gj^ -J^ |^ 
 
 34 I sluill do it to-day ^'M'^ '^ 
 
 k^i wii ngo (hi k'u chilly 
 
 hi luk 
 k'u 'm chnng i tso 
 
 yat? 
 ming nin to tso ta]<. 
 n\sn seung kfim-yat tso 
 
 LESSO^^ XXII. 
 
 Of course 
 
 g 'J^^m 
 
 tsz,''-pU-ia 
 
 To lay or make 
 
 '"■'^« tXj^'ii 
 
 t,:' fd lo 
 
 Only; hut 
 
 ##'B# 
 
 tan' hai\ c/u! 
 
 To extinguish (fire) /^l|_ 
 
 silc 
 
 In the first place 
 
 t^' 
 
 shall -sin, 
 
 To go out (of 
 
 W 
 
 ch'ul 
 
 (firstly) 
 
 n-n 
 
 tai yat kin' 
 
 a house) 
 
 
 
 Pretty well 
 
 m^mM- 
 
 hi, ki ho 
 
 To kill 
 
 frn 
 
 ill! sze 
 
 Regularly (al- 
 
 1^0^ 
 
 sheuug-shi 
 
 Cockroach 
 
 ^¥ 
 
 kat-tsat 
 
 ways) 
 
 
 
 To knock at 
 
 tt 
 
 li'ak 
 
 Slowly 
 
 li'it 
 
 man'-man' 
 
 To break, (prize 
 
 ^itm^ 
 
 id hoi, 
 
 Suppose that 
 
 #$R 
 
 p't Vl 
 
 open 
 
 mm 
 
 kiu' hoi 
 
 Corapradore 
 
 MWi^ 
 
 mai -pan' 
 
 To leave open 
 
 trm 
 
 t", hoi 
 
 Weak (physicaUy) ^^ 
 
 iin'-yeuk 
 
 To shut 
 
 mm^ m 
 
 im mai, shan 
 
 Eeady 
 
 i^ 
 
 pin' 
 
 A long time 
 
 m^ 
 
 ho hcfii 
 
 To make a hed 
 
 §Sw 
 
 p'o ch'ong 
 
 So long a time 
 
 Pti^ 
 
 IcQirt noi' 
 
 Several words besides hai ^^ are used to express "to be"; such as shi 
 
 "*^^i M' ^^^ ^' ^""^ ^®*^^ 'i^' 
 
 To let (one) do it §^— -^ liu— tso, ^ .|^ yau tak, '[^ ^ yam tak 
 
 To let go W^^" ^°"S ^^^^" 
 
 To let (it) down j^ ~T\ fong ha 
 To let off (release) ^ ^ sliik fong 
 
■JiS 
 
 Ibegpiudon pS.|^ 
 Lazily tllff 
 
 I am engaged ^K'^] 
 
 LESSON XXII (continued.) 
 Try it once 
 
 ni koi 
 laii-to 
 ngo yau sze 
 
 t^ n^' ■■''" ^'''' '■^'f 
 
 .slii ha 
 
 A good plan ^gj" 
 That is right pfj^^ll^ komcheuklok To have leisure :|M:j^ 
 
 More than 
 
 ho kai 
 tak han 
 kwo t'au, 
 to kwo 
 There is some 'SRvltf?- yau ti ho 
 .good (ill it) 
 
 ^ii 
 
 Lastly WY ^E shau mi 
 
 Stop! We''^' palok, 
 
 1® r [- t'ing clii 
 
 Doii't -iioak P§-;^-f ^ 'm lio l^oig 
 so la-t P'^'j^ kom fai 
 
 1 Will you Ijrcak that open to- fjjt'^'^ [J -jTpi-^ ''' '"'' k'Un-vat 'a hoi ko-ti 'm 
 
 •lay? n6^P§-1i i'=^i? 
 
 2 I cannot; in the lirst place I pg--^; ^^ " rrSt'^a' ™ '^'^' '''' >'''' '^^" "S" '^ 's'.mj 
 
 am not ready 'a'^ijS ^^'^ P' 
 
 3 He makes a bed pretty well jg ^ Pg"^ ''tt^ l^'" ''^ "' P'° ch'ong 
 
 4 Does he light the lamp regu- 'f^'^ B^ ^{^ ')^R^ k'ii sheung shi tiin tang me ? 
 
 larly ? 
 
 k'ii 'm kom moh ko chan 
 
 tang 
 
 5 He docs not dai-e touch the jg pS f^ )^ ^IS ^ 
 
 lamp j^ 
 
 6 Did he leave the door open? fg'j^^Xp^ ,® P^ lof^ '^'" '"" '* ''°' '" ™™ '™ ''"'' 
 
 7 Suppose he had; did you teh ^^4tl fgf^Ji f/l^'H'f'T ^ ' " '^''^ ''^'' "' J''" '^" ^''^ "" 
 
 him to shut it ? tS-^-M fjl^^ "'=" "^° '^ ' 
 
 8 I heg your pardon, give it Po'^flijtf^jjm^ '™ ''™' '" P' '^^"^ "S° 
 
 to me 
 
 9 Why does he kill that cock- 'fP'^'K^^^'O 1^'" wai-mat-ye ta sze ko chek 
 
 roach ? "tt OT H kat-tsat ? 
 
 10 1 don't know ; he kills them ^P§- ^H, fS*^ B+ "JT "S" 'm chi ; k'ii sheung shi ta 
 
 regularly ^'l JB ''^^ ^'"■ 
 
 11 Tell him to make a fire and BT'TR-jTyClom' fr\'i^ ^'^' '^'" ** '°"^°' '" '^"■" ™ ™^' 
 
 afterwards shut the door -(^^ P^ 
 
 12 Of course he is not ready g {J^'^^MIH^^^'M 
 
 13 Ik docs things so slowly '[|5'^^Ptl''||g''|i[ 
 U Did you knock at the door? 'j^fy^^ffl P^ Paf^ 
 16 No, I broke it open V^U'^ffWU 
 
 mun 
 tsz-pit-in k'ii 'm ts'ai pi 
 k'ii tso ye kom man ke 
 
 hai ni pak mun 'm hai ? 
 
 m hai J ngo la hoi k'u 
 
i-EssoN xxii (continued.) 49 
 
 IG Did he let the book go ? tSS^ ^ '^10^15^^ ^'^ '°"° ^°^ *^" ^° ^° ^^™ ™° ' 
 
 17 No, not for a long time yf], 'f RiffiSH" §5 'ft jfeJC"^ ■""' '^'^ '^'' °°' '" ""' '°°S ^^^" 
 
 18 The compradore is very weak "fffl ^^jtt^ff^^^^''^ ko mai-pan ho uu yeuk ke 
 
 19 He is a coolie tS'j^'^^ JJI'IJEB^ ^'^ ^*' '^° kun-tim ke che 
 
 20 Extinguish that caudle directly ^H ^j^^f ."ffflHjI^i^'j^ '^''^ ^'^^^ ^''^ ^° '' ^''P-'^^"'^ 
 
 21 It's only a candle .BH.'P?*4ffl,'A^ ^^^ ''^ lap-chuk 
 
 22 Is it therefore to be thrown Eptt^ W^Ut^i'^y^" *""" shoh-i p'ek k'ii hii liai 
 
 away ? Po'l^ '"" '"*' '' 
 
 23 No, light it again Prt'f^; SPi^^fS '"^ ^^^' *^°' '™ ^^^'^^ '''" 
 
 21 Are you busy ? have you lei- fyj* -§ ^^ ^ft > -f^ ^ P S "' ^^"^ ^^® °^° ' '^'^ ''*° 'm ni ? 
 
 sure ? HH 
 
 25 No, I am engaged; don't speak pS' .^ ^ , ^E-W'^' Prt^ '"" '^'^ ''™' °S° y*" ^"i ''" ^^ 
 
 so fast i^^Pii'^ ''°°S kom fai 
 
 36 1 intend to go tomorrow ^g '^H §^ F] ■3-" "go seung t'eng yat hu 
 
 27 That's right ; its a good plan D^ ^3 ('^fliitf Ml ''°™ cheuk lok ; ohan ho kai 
 
 28 Are there more than fifty of iMlffljf 1^ ^^i@. jS."l '^'" ^ ''^' ''° ^""^ "^ ^^"'^ 
 
 them? Pa^ 'mhai? 
 
 29 I cannot say, I have not Prt" AB'ra'lH-' ^ETl^t '™ ''^^' ^^ ''^^'^ ' ""^ ™° ^'^° 
 
 counted them Jw.'fR '^^^ ^'" 
 
 30 Try to count them, and tell me f/J\ffl^^|rK'f5^^5'Al^ "^ ^'" ^^'° ''^ ''^ ' '^*" ^^ ''"'° 
 
 how many there are 3y 5^ /ga& ^^ ngo t'eng yau ki to 
 
 31 There are more than a hundred ^iM '"@'P^ to kwo yat pak lok 
 
 32 Don't let him leave the door P§-;^'f$fg^|M ^ 'm ho pi k'ii ta hoi to mun 
 
 open P^ 
 
 33 If he does I won't let him ^'^f^^'^, ^P§ ^^"^ ^'^ '''" '^°™ '^°' "S** '™ 
 
 off MM.W- fongkwok'u 
 
 34 There is some good in him, f R^^ fi^ 'fif^^; 'fS'f^ '^'" ^^^"^ '' '*° '^^'" ' '*" ''*' "°° 
 
 but I don't like him ^1? P rt' t' iP^ 'f S 'm chung i k'ii 
 
:jO 
 
 LE&soK xxm 
 
 LESSON XXIII. 
 
 To reliirn 
 
 mm 
 
 fan lal 
 
 A fragment, 
 
 a bit 
 
 *¥.Jr 
 
 svi pHi^ 
 
 What 
 
 %n 
 
 mat--^ii, 
 
 To live, reside 
 
 ft 
 
 cliii' 
 
 To know (be 
 
 ^m\ 
 
 chi-to' 
 
 Any longer (in 
 
 %m 
 
 noi' ti 
 
 aware of) 
 
 
 
 time) 
 
 
 
 To set (a table) 
 
 mn 
 
 chai ho 
 
 Exactly 
 
 jEIE 
 
 ching -chi/ij' 
 
 To be tired 
 
 W'f^ 
 
 kur, klin' 
 
 Not quite 
 
 m^ 
 
 cho/iig ti 
 
 With 
 
 m 
 
 t*ung 
 
 Name (given af- 
 
 ^ 
 
 ming 
 
 To save (put by) 
 
 mm 
 
 sbing^ Jan 
 
 ter birth) 
 
 
 
 To v/aste 
 
 ^S' 
 
 tofai' 
 
 To be in an 
 
 
 #.trx, 
 
 i''(n\ t(h h'l'jj^ 
 
 Expensive (dt'.ir) 
 
 m: 
 
 kwcu 
 
 employ 
 
 
 ^r,tr 
 
 yau' kiinf) ta 
 
 Fire 
 
 k 
 
 foil 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tarti-cles. 
 
 Tile vernaculars of Chinese abound in untranslatable particles, of which the 
 student will come across several examples in this and following exercises. They 
 are never found at the beginning of a phrase, but seldom in the middle of it, and 
 generally at the end. They are called by the people li tam ^J ^ or "tongue 
 sounds" and probably owe their origin to the difficulties experienced by Chinese 
 in checking their utterance of certain final sounds, — as exemplified in "pidgin'' 
 English in which like becomes likee, catch, catchee, &c. They have now, however, 
 acquired specific values as intensifying the affirmation, question, or doubt expressed 
 by the sentences in which they occur. 
 
 The following are those most commonly used, the second character, where two 
 are given, being more intensive than the first. 
 
 1. Imperative particle - la pJRiJ 
 
 2. Eesponsive particle in answering questions lok |l§- 
 
 3. Interrogative particle - ni HB 
 Ni pB, is occasionally used as responsive. 
 
 mnwmm 
 
 la 
 lo 
 
 m « Eg 
 
 1 Tell him to return 
 
 2 He says he is tired 
 .J Wliat has he been doing r 
 
 4 I really don't know 
 
 5 He works very slowly 
 
 kin k'ii fan lai la 
 
 k'ii wa kui lok 
 
 k'ii tso-kwo mat-ye lai ni ? 
 
 ngo 'm chi-tak shat lok 
 
 tS^X7^i^0'|§''lE •''^ ''^° !'""§-'''' hai ho man ke 
 
LESSON XXIH (CONTINUEDi) T/l 
 
 e Does he know how to set a 'f^P^i^^f^dfi^^P^ ^'^ "' cliai-ho t'oi ti ye 'ni ui 
 table? P^B/S "'' 
 
 7 Yes, pretty well but not very P^P^', ^^i "fSPol^ "' ^°^' ^^ ''^ ' ''i" ''" ''"' shap-fiiii 
 
 weU "|"^it?0§ '"' "'^^ 
 
 8 Tell hini to save that meat ff^tH^lJ^^^^ ^ 1^'" ^'u shing-fan ko-ti yuk 
 
 9 He broke open the box IH^P^ '^^■^^ ^'" '^'""l"'' ^''^ ^o-ko seung 
 
 10 Has he left the door open? tS^^ Pi 10^ f ^ ^'"^ ^^^ ^ ^°' ^° to-mun mo 
 
 '1l^ a? 
 
 11 No-; he shut it at once :^,. t^fP^jl?^;^!)^ mo". k'u tsik hak shan mai la 
 
 12 Will he waste that sugar? tS j^^^^^Q^ Q ^ '''•^ ^®>-^g 'o-f^ 1^° '' pak-t'ong 
 
 pB-^ -mni? 
 
 13 No; it is too expensive PaPff' 'H'5iEL§H '™ '°''' ''^''■' ^^""^ *'''" 
 14' Where does he reside? lSP^5^;^i1ER'S k'uhai pin-ch'u chii ni? 
 
 15 He hves with me iS Wl *E tt^^ff' '''" *'°"S "S" "^l'" '°k 
 
 16 Will he live with you any t§ J^ Iflj 13^ 'fcj^fBiu. ^'^ seang t'ung ni chii noi ti 
 
 longer ? j^ mo ? 
 
 17 He will hve several yeaus with me 1 E<^[.|Sl Sr it^J^p ^'" seung t'ung ngo chii sho nin- 
 
 18 He has not been here quite a '|P|ffej^^^'flH;I ■ k'iihai ch'ii chang-ti yat nin 
 
 year irp 
 
 19 It is eleven months exactly jEi£ |* — 'lISMPw' ohing-ching shap yat ko iit lok 
 
 20 How long have they been in f^l^pMf^j^'fill^l^^g k'ii ti hai ni cli'U tso h!u ki 
 
 your employ? jJMl>^ noi ni? 
 
 21 An last year and' part of this ■^fe '^p h 1/ -4^ ; jL/^^SE' kau nin shing nin ; yau kam nin 
 
 ^^J^ ki-ko iit 
 
 22 Whatisthe name of that man? '(^-^^ff*f -Bt^ P/j^ ^° ^° y^° ^'" ™^' "*'"§ '^^^ 
 2» I don't know, I think it is ^P§; ^; ^f(!^'^55 "S° '™ ''^" ' "=° ''" '"'' ^"y'"^ 
 
 A-yau ^ 
 
 24 I am very tired, I have been ^-j-^^^P^, ^^ "^^ shap-fan kui lok ; ngo tuk 
 
 studying ^f^ ^''" ^"^ 
 
 25 How long have you been- stu- "^^^^jjf^^^ ™ ^"^^ ^'^" ''' "^"^ °' ' 
 
 dyhig ? 
 
 26 Several hours ; I study regu- ^^^^^M^' 1^ *"'' ^" ^' *™ *™^ "''' ' ""^ 
 
 larly B^Bt^"^ shi-sH tuk lok 
 
I,I'SSON.S XXIII AND XXIV. 
 
 27 Haveyouapieceofbreadhere?^!^:^^^-!^:^ ni ch'u yau sui min-pau mo 7 
 
 28 No, I have wine, coffee, and ::f] P^, iH^-^VM^^jP mo lok ! ngo yau tsau, ka-fe. 
 
 t'ung fan che 
 kin ko-ko yan c'he la 
 k'ii mat 'ra so ko kan fong ni ? 
 
 29 Send that man away W^1@^ ARB-R^'J 
 
 30 Why does he not sweep the "[g ■H^lla't^-^ ^ ^ 
 
 room ? 0/3 
 
 31 He cannot sweep it quickly ■fgP§^ f^'1^0^ 
 
 32 Why not ? He understands -{i f' a f^ B^' t S^^ '"^' '" *"'' "' ' '^''^ ^^'^ "'' 
 
 33 No, he does not, I will teach jff P§-||^ \^, ^^tS ^'^ '" '^^''^ ^^^' "^° ^^^ ^'^ 
 
 him |]^- 
 
 34 He must not remain any longer 'f^llS ^^B^^f^ 
 
 35 Good bye, I am gomg out* ^1^, $^ tlj i^ 
 30 If you arc going out buy me f^, ^"^.l^^M^^ 
 
 k'ii 'm so-tak fai che 
 
 che 
 
 k'ii 'm ho tang noi ti t'im lok 
 tso cha ! ngo ch'ut hii lok 
 ni yeuk hai ch'ut hii, mai chi pat 
 kwo ngo la 
 
 LESSON XXIV. 
 
 A very large number of verlDs used in the Cliiaese vernaculars are compound, 
 their invariable use in this way indeed, by itself justifying the assertion, already 
 made, that the spoken vn-naculars are not monosyllabic. The words with which 
 they are most frc(juently compounded are as follows. 
 
 K'ei't jK to stop (a causative pavtiol') 
 Chii" ^^ to dwell 
 
 m' 
 
 fe 
 
 to rise 
 
 To' 
 
 m 
 
 to arrive at 
 
 rJ 
 
 m 
 
 to fall d<nvii 
 
 Mai i^ 
 
 cv,u ^ij 
 
 Loi ^ 
 
 Ta' ^X 
 
 to conceal, connect with 
 to go out 
 to go 
 to come 
 to strike 
 
 And a few others. Of all of these numeroirs examples will occur in 
 future lessons. 
 
 * When "good bye" is used liy one leaving a house, the Chinese term is " tso cha," {lit. sit 
 down,) i.e. as mucli a.s to suy, " Will you plcaot sit iluwn; You need not accompany un- out," 
 
LESSON -VXn (OONTINUKD.) 
 
 To put on 
 
 MB 
 
 cheuk eliii^ 
 
 To look on 
 
 To wear 
 
 i^ft 
 
 taC cliii^ 
 
 To refuse 
 
 To look 
 
 i^ft 
 
 soh chiC 
 
 To drink up 
 
 To fear 
 
 '\m 
 
 pci' iu^ 
 
 To copy- 
 
 To live at 
 
 Kft 
 
 Jcil cliir 
 
 To forget 
 
 To become siii- 
 
 ^^ 
 
 no In 
 
 To assist 
 
 noyed 
 
 
 
 
 
 mong^ ohii* 
 t'iti h'euh 
 yam sai" 
 ch^au hz" 
 mong t'euk 
 fu hi , 
 jyo/z^ clioU^ 
 
 Particles (Continued.) 
 
 4. Affirmative particles Li pB ie' 
 
 5. Interrogative and Responsive particle often conveying an 
 
 idea of disapprobation 
 
 6. Eestrictive particles often used in answers 
 
 but seldom in questions 
 
 7. Doubting particle expressing doubt 
 
 8. Desiderating particle expressing desire 
 
 9. Admonishing or directing particles, not so intense 
 
 as to convey tlie idea of command 
 
 Me 
 
 H-f 
 
 Che 
 
 Bt 
 
 CKi- 
 
 nl 
 
 Kwa 
 
 m 
 
 Ai 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pu' 
 
 Wi 
 
 
 
 BPf 
 
 thus Lo' po' (INTos. 2. & :» ) have tin: 
 
 In some cases two of these are oonjoun' 
 force of ii strongly declarative expression. 
 
 1 Good morning Sir! look at -?-j^'^3^yC'jE' ^ftlTK tso-shan a sin-shang; mong ha 
 
 ko-ko shan 
 ni cheuk chii tim yeung ke sliam 
 
 ui? 
 ngo cheuk lam-sham 
 
 that hill Ri^lSlll 
 
 2 What sort of a coat have you fi^t ^ |t Sj^ ^''15^ j^^ 
 
 put on ? ^ 
 
 3 I am wearing a blue coat Sc.^r '^'1^ 
 
 4 Is it a blue or a brown 'j^M^RI^I^ 
 
 coat? ?^^ 
 
 5 Assist me to carry this book ^^^ ^ B'S^ 
 
 6 Tell him to lock the door Rij-jg^ P^ ^ 
 
 7 Where did you say he lived ? fl5>H$tSPM^E^a'ff ''M ""^ ^^ '^'^ ^^' P"^'''''''' ''''" "' '' 
 
 8 He lives at Hongkong tSPi^^i^J^'ft''^ '''^ ^^ Heung-kong ku chu ke 
 
 9 Does he ever quarrel with you ? VS ^ gi [3 f^*!^ ^ •flf ^'"^ yau-shi t'ung ul ai-kau mo : 
 10 No, he fears to do so ?^, f^P^'5^''^ "° ' ^''" '™ ^°^ ^'^ 
 
 11 I don't think he lives here ^f]^f0P§-Pt^B^^'^ "SO ku k'ii 'm hai ni-ch'ii chii 
 
 hai lam shik chi hai clmng shik 
 
 ni? 
 pong choh ngo t'oi ni po shU 
 kiu k'ti soh mun lo 
 
54 LESSON XXIV (OOHTlNaED.) 
 
 12 I wish he did so ^ ^^ S^tS ^^M ^X ^ "S° chung-i k<U yau kom tso lok 
 
 13 Tell jour friend to drink this B^f^JU^^^feiT/^Uft^ ^"^^ °' p'ang-yau yam ni-ti tsau 
 
 wine \W^\ ^^ 
 
 14 He may uot like to drink it ^ ^tS'^a'l^ -^ ^1^ ^""^"^ '^'^^ '''" '"" °^^°^ ^ ^™ °' 
 
 15 I want you to copy this ^^fy^^'^E^''^^^ "S" '» °' "l"'^" '"-*' y« 
 
 16 What? all tliis ; it is too 'h^^^^ \^ ^' ^'M. '"^' ^^ ^' ''°™ *°' '° ''™ 
 
 much HP-^ *'*" '"'' 
 
 1 7 You cannot refuse to do it fij>-jl^iP|lrt"^^P^ "' ''"' '''^"'^ '■" '^° '^"^ '"'' 
 
 IS I have forgotten how to ivrite Jfep^nB ^r^"^ W ^^O °°° '"" '^' '^"^ tim-yeung se lok 
 
 19 You are very lazy, I fear ^16 f^ i^ltf 'l^f's''^ "3° P''' "" ''^' ''° '="^"'0 ^^^ 
 2ii Xo ; but I have been working USt^, S& ttj/ H fiW' "T*. 'm hai; ngo shing-yat tso kung 
 the whole day -^ fu 
 
 21 Although you have worked ffiffi ^'Sfy* S^ ^Sf T. 7^ i /iK sui-in ni yau kung-fu, yik pit in 
 
 you must write this JjA !^. ^L PMHy -^f- se ni-ti tsz 
 
 22 It will take too long a time 4S-wf ifllT it TOt f^i^CT '" ^° °°^ ching tso tak lok 
 
 23 It won't take long if you un- ^- jS M\E)h Q, ^^PS yeuk hai ni ming-pak, tsau 'm 
 
 derstand it "^ ^iffif B^ ^'^''' '" ""' "^^ 
 
 24 Have you been for a walk? f5\f^}HJ (^^P^4^ ni hai ch'ut kai liang lai me ? 
 
 25 Yes, and I saw several 1^^' ^ MM^T^ '"" '°'^' """ '^'" ^'"° '^^ '° 
 
 people ^P^'J y™ '^ 
 
 26 When was that? yesterday or ^^ ^H#^j ^^ U^ 3 1'^' 1" ^^i a? hai t^ok-yat v,\n 
 
 to-day? ^^g kam-yat 
 
 27 I have forgotten ; I am very SgPS'gR f^I^i *K^tf "S° '"^ ki-trik lok ; ngo ho 
 
 tired 3w kui 
 
 23 Don't wear those clothes to- l3 R pS ^t?^g il|HlH»I t'eng-yat 'm ho chcuk ko-ti 
 morrow -j^^lM" ^''''''" P° 
 
 29 Very well ; shall I leave the W^J, ^ ^ ^ P^ {ff ^° '® ' "S° '^"''°' ™"" '^"^ '" 
 
 door open? Po'^B^ ''""'' 
 
 30 Yes ! leave it open M"^' %ik H tSllf'J ''° ^°^ ' " '^°' *"'" '^ 
 
 31 When did the compradore W JSfe^'f^ ^p Bi^ LU'i" mai-pan hai ki shi ch'ut hii 
 
 go out? }M ni? 
 
 32 He went out this morning fJ3Y^ "^^ tt! "i*''^ ^'^ ^^'^ '""™ '''^'" '^'^'"' ''" '^"^ 
 
 33 Does he always go out Hke this'lg g^^'<^P_^ ^H-^I^ k'u shi-shi hai kom ch'ut hu me 1 
 
 34 He always locks the door jg [ji Qi ^ P^ P|!^ k'u shi-slu soh mun ke 
 
l-IiSSdN xxv. 
 
 LESSON xxy. 
 
 Classifiers. 
 Attention has already been drawn to the Classifiers, and their use explained. 
 "(Vide Lesson in and note.) As a perfect knowledge of them is a great aid to correct 
 speaking, the learner will do well to commit to memory the lists given in this and 
 following lessons. 
 
 1. Ko' Tm, a thing, is, strictly speaking, applied to men and ko TO^, a bamboo stalk, to 
 
 inanimate objects; the latter may often be used with other substantives 
 when the correct classifier is unknown ; the contracted form of 'ra^ is 
 A^ and it is usually so written in manuscript. 
 
 2. Chek ■&■, single, is applied to boats or ships, birds, quadrupeds and the limbs of 
 
 the body. 
 
 3. Tui^ pj, a pair, is applied to all articles necessarily used in pairs; such as shoes, 
 
 stockings, &c. 
 
 4. Shenng ^P, a couple, is applied to articles not necessarily pairs but dual; tui 
 
 ^Kf and SHEUNG ■^P are sometimes interchanged. 
 
 5. Pa i^, to grasp, is applied to articles that can be grasped, such as a knife, 
 
 umbrella, &c. 
 
 6. Cheung EM, to spread out, is applied chiefly to things that are spread out, such as 
 
 sheets, table-covers, mats, &c. 
 
 The classifier invariably follows the numeral and precedes the adjective, 
 in sentences where both are expressed ; e.g. One good man tat ko ho yan — • 
 
 Gender. 
 Gender is only expressed when it is desired to distinguish the sexes. The 
 words used are as follows. 
 
 For mankind nam ^H male nii' ~yt female 
 
 „ animals (generally) limg /^^ „ na (J@ „ 
 
 „ birds hung ^ „ U'z ^ „ 
 
 and kung .^V „ mo' "Ht „ are also used 
 
 „ quadrupeds mau' m^ „ p'an' q^^ „ 
 
 Acock ~~"^^^^S^ yat cheh hai-lcimg A pig """^EvQ^V yi-i diek cha-kimg 
 
 A hen '^L^M^9- yO't <'hek kai-na A sow '^S^wi^ yai chek chii-na 
 
ih 
 
 LESSON XXV (coNTiNUKn) 
 
 A bull ''^4-";^ yatchekngm-kimg Ahorse — '^i^ W y"'t diah ra^ -hung 
 
 A cow •'^4-'lj§ ijiit ckch Tx^sa-nd A mare ~~*^,^[Dg yatokehwi-na. 
 
 A boat '^IS r/at che/c t'eng Anything ^, ^ j2|: ye', mat kin' 
 
 A bird '"^5^ yat cMh IsettL At home ^C 'ffi 
 
 Mats ^ 
 
 Sort of /^S 
 
 Certain Vc 
 
 Diiflcult Si 
 
 ^(i chii' 
 tsck 
 yeung' 
 tint;' 
 
 nan 
 
 — .^te ^PE ya' cAe/; t'eng' 
 
 — * ^^ "^PF y^^ c/fei" ^5eM^ 
 
 A pair of -^ ^ ^ »/«« «!«' p'i'-to» 
 
 sheets 
 Animals ^S/q; ch'-uk-sln'mrj 
 
 Daily fj g y'»t-yat 
 
 1 That man and tliat bird HfHI^I* \. |0 ^ -pB ''O '^° y" '"' ''^"^'^ '^i^i'k 
 
 2 Have you seen that boat of ^'^ !^pj>^^ Mi*E ^°° '^^^^'^ ''™S "' yau kin kw* 
 
 mine? 'TjM^ mo a? 
 
 3 I have not seen it ; this man ^K ^j^ ^>i^' B'& 10 /\ "S" ™ ^™ ''^^° ' "' '^° ^^'^ 
 
 has it '^ yau 
 
 4 Have you roy pair of boots ? "j/J^ rT ^K hbT pIl iJ 5^ °' ^^ "^""^ ''"^' ^° ™° ^ '' 
 
 5 I have not your pair of boots, Jg ^^J \^ )^<^(i^ ^pi f/jt "go ™'' d' '"' li<>i yii" ni cheung 
 
 I have your knife P^ Vj [|^ to che 
 
 6 Will you buy a mat for j^ a H J^ lfe*r uTO wJK ni hang mai cheung tsek kwo 
 
 me? wF ngo moh? 
 
 7 No ; but I will buy a pair of pg- a , iB jg B •'^gr 'm hang; tan ngo mai yat tui mat 
 
 stockings for you 'fS'JS'ly^l^'J kwo ni la 
 
 8 He wants to sell one cock and jH't^^f — "^t^^ X^^BC, ^'^ seung mai yat chek kai-kung 
 
 two hens hKj '^^^j§^§ kap leung chek kai-na 
 
 9 I thought he had only hens ^fe tetSj^^^^ilS'B^ "S^ 1^" ^'^ ^ing yau kai-na che 
 10 He tells me he has a pair of f ^fj^ ^U f f?^ — ^^■ 
 
 horses 
 
 11 That is a very good sort of 
 
 sampan 
 
 12 Is that a horse or a raare ? 
 
 iTT^ 
 
 mm. 
 
 k'ii wa ngo chi, k'ii yau yat 
 
 sheung ma 
 ko chek sam-pan ho yeung 
 
 ke 
 ko chek hai ma-kung, chi ma- 
 
 iia ni? 
 
 13 I think it is a horse, I am not Se IQ'I^ iRn ^^ TOpSaJc ngo ku hai ma-kung ; tan 'm wa 
 
 certain "f^^^ '"^'^ ''°S 
 
 14 Will the man or the woman q^ ffl AP^ R "^ A ''8' nam-yan lai chi nii-yan 
 
 '-■oinc ? OM lai '' 
 
LESSON XXV (CONTINI ICD.) 57 
 
 15 The womiui will come, and the [HHI jM ^ ^P^j 4^ PJ3 ko-ko nii-yaa lai, kung Icung ko 
 
 two gU-ls also 'tSl^f?!^ im-tsai t'im 
 
 16 Does he want to huy anything? "^p itoI.^^^^^ ^^'^^ seung mai ye mo ? 
 
 17 Yes; he wants to buy a great /^H^, J^j^ @ fc? ^ hai lok ; k'ii seung mai ho to 
 
 many animals "B'tE. ch'uk-shang 
 
 IS What animals does he want to ^ 'bL"m'::^lj/S '"^' "''^' ch'uk-shang ni? 
 
 buy? 
 
 19 He wants a bull, a low, a pig fK^^ a — ' ^ll' Sj' — ' ^'^ seung mai yat chek ngau- 
 
 and a sow ^ST~"~Pf) ~~'^Mi^a kung, yat chek ngau-mo, 
 
 ,^\, • ^- Xg far yat chek chu-kung, yat 
 
 chek ohii-mo 
 
 20 Does he want nothing more? P&^^-fJ ^^ftR^'-ftt'^TP '" "' mat-ye t'im lo me? 
 
 21 Nothing more to-day ; to- -4x H 'fB.P§'^''rJiSTJ^ kam-yat 'm oi mat-ye t'im la; 
 
 morrow he will want some- DSlJ, |[b H iE [£^^ t'eng-yat k'il ching oi lok 
 
 thing P^ 
 
 22 Has that coolie made a fire UfQ^^^ jS" Pl^ 7^ *}\,^Ml ^°~^° kun-tim tim cheuk foh-lo 'm 
 
 yet? Pg-^ ts'ang? 
 
 23 He has extinguished the tire i^^^^M/^ ^'fM '*■'" '^'"^S ^ik ko foh-lo 
 
 24 Is he not ready to make the f§^^ jf^-^^/ff^ '^'i' ™' ching-pin hu p'o ch'ong 
 
 bed? P.^ me? 
 
 25 Suppose he is not here '^ ^fE^aPf^ '^ ""^^ '^'^'^ '''" '" ''''' '''' " 
 2G How long a time will he remain ? "[g '^ ^^ffi^' '^'" ''' "^ '^^ °°' * ' 
 
 27 About a year or two years ^-fl — '^^pj^:^ yeuk yat nin, wak leung nin 
 
 28 I cannot translate these Ics- P^B^|^ ^, ^PaPs" °^ *' fo-man ngo 'm ui fan 
 
 29 Are they too difficult? TeU '^^^jj^SMPrt'^S' Y'^ ^^^ °*° '^^° ''^^' '"^ "'' °' ^™ 
 
 me fffftH °S0 t'eng 
 
 30 No, not altogether; but they P§''j^}^^! t&l^^ '"^ '"'"•' '^"^ "'*"' '^" ^'*' '^'^'^^"S 
 
 are too long jj^lMt!^ '^^ '''^^ '^''^ 
 
 31 Well, you must study con- ;^y3^J, jj^i)^^^^^ ''° '^' "' ?'' '" ^'''"^^' '"'^ 
 
 stantly ^^ ^I'tt 
 
 .J2 But I rannot study constant- '(^^ Pa f^ ^ B^ 3^ '*" "^° '"" '"" '^^ ^''''^'" "''' 
 
■JO LESSONS XXV AND XXVI. 
 
 3a How many nioiith,- in the year — 'J^ P^i^^^^^i^ 7'"- i^i" ""i »' y*" la to ko nt tuk 
 
 do you study ? ^ ^ ^ [j/^ shu ni ? 
 
 3i Oh ! nine months ; I am at ^'^, jt\M ^ ' ^^"^ ai ! kau ko iit; ngo tsoi ka sam 
 
 home three months ^i@ M B^ '^^ "' '='"' 
 
 35 That is too long a time S^jff'f^l^ ^°"' °°'' ^'■'"^ ''*" 
 
 oG You must stuily .laily f5>;^(li^tl S -^aW ni shi-pit yat-yat iu tuk 
 
 LHSSON XXVI, 
 
 To be oaiL'liil (lit. 
 
 /J^'O 
 
 sld sdni 
 
 People (uU men) 71 yl 
 
 yan yaii 
 
 Mttle heart) 
 
 
 
 AA'cak (as a decoction) y>W 
 
 tam^ 
 
 Do. 
 
 m^w 
 
 ho shuiiQ 
 
 Strong (do.) vS 
 
 yung 
 
 To wait 
 
 m 
 
 t-"g 
 
 Strong (as an c.^sfncc) ; ^ 
 
 / \'.y-!]'' 
 
 ■\\'ait a Httle 
 
 m^y 
 
 tuiif/ ha 
 
 I^trong (in muscip) yi^ ~J\ 
 
 yau' lik 
 
 Daily (all day,) 
 
 BB 
 
 yat yat 
 
 
 
 Number, like gender, is in Chinese only expressed when distinctness is 
 required, the same word being ordinarily used to signify either singular or plural. 
 To form specific plurals the noun is, in some lew cases, repeated as above ; in other 
 cases TASG ^ and ti ([f-|b are suffixed. 
 
 Men y^ li^ yan ti' 
 
 Us ^^. H^tfS ngo'-(««sr', ngo'-ti' 
 
 Vou f^ ^. f5> Bli!! ni'-««5', ni'-ti' 
 
 Note that the noun very seldom has a plural suffix, even when it is desired 
 to speak of mure than one object, if a demonstrative pronoun in the plural form 
 precedes it. 
 
 Thos^ tables |^ O^^j ^^ ho" ti t'oi 
 
 These plates B^ Bfl*! ^ "'' '' ''^ 
 
 The classifier is less often used with a plural pronoun than when the singulai 
 Jbrm only is used, 
 
LESSON XXVI (CONTINl'KD.) 
 
 r,ii 
 
 Good morning 
 
 Sit down ! (to equnK) 
 
 Do. (to inferiors) 
 How do you do to-day? 
 I am quite well - 
 I am very unwell 
 Are you quite well, Sir ? 
 
 if* 
 
 tso -shan 
 ts'ing ts'oh' 
 t'soli' lo 
 
 ni X'ani-yat ho^ a ? 
 
 t'ok-lai'' p'ing-6a 
 
 ngo shap^wjj 'm tsz-in 
 
 /lO^-ha^ shap-_/a« ho'' a? 
 
 KoK HA [^ ~J> is only used by literati. 
 
 You (from em- 
 ploye to master) 
 You (polite form) ^gg J' 
 Comfortable j^^, 
 Well 1^^ 
 
 To hold (lend with ^{^ 
 a cord, as a horse, &c.) 
 
 t'niff ha 
 
 ha sheung^ 
 shii fuk 
 p'hig 0)1 
 
 hi)i cbii^ 
 
 To put on 
 
 To drink 
 
 To be hungry 
 Do. thirsty 
 Do. sleepy 
 
 '■\^ 
 
 
 Intelligible 
 
 To smoke tobacco 
 
 On the side 
 
 Sickness 
 
 Oil 
 
 To sit in 
 
 To stop 
 
 To ascend 
 
 To brush 
 
 m& 
 
 
 mM. 
 
 t^ft 
 
 ming pak 
 sliik III 
 dial phi 
 pong" 
 yau 
 
 ts'oh' chii* 
 chi chii^ 
 sheung' hi'i" 
 /s'at hi 
 t'oi Ja 
 t'oi chii' 
 shat shau 
 
 tso-shan ; tang ha 
 ni ho a? ts'ing ts'oh 
 
 cheu/c chii' 
 
 yam 
 
 t'o' ngo^ To lift up (as a chair) 
 
 kenc/' hot To carry (do.) 
 
 ngan' fan' Very 
 
 1 Good morning; wait a little Jal^g, 3pf| U 
 
 2 How do you do ? sit down f^ |{]-P^. ^ ^ 
 
 3 Be careful, I am very unwell /J"»j(^^5 I* ^T^Pa @ m? ^''^"^™ i °g° shap-fijn 'm tsz-in 
 
 4 Is that tea weak or strong ll3Hv-^i^yi/i>^VM.B'& ''°''' '^^'^'^^i '^™ <'''' yungni? 
 
 5 People say it is very weak yV'lJl^^j iw^'/^''^ yan-ti wa ho tam ke 
 
 6 Are you aU quite well? f^^^P^i'^'fe^^^ '""'' '^°™ '° '^^ ^ ^° ''' 
 
 7 We are not very well ^RDhW 'In'Mrjtj 0§ ngo-ti pat sham ho che 
 
 8 Tell that man to wait for us B^B|B]'(@ A^-^^ '^™ '^°"'^'' 5"*" '™S "go-ti 
 
 9 Whose are these tables and 'VM fMi'^ Xtyg -fffi, 1^ ko cheung t'oi kung ti tip hai mat 
 
 those plates ? -ji A''iC B/S y"" ^'^ "' '' 
 
 10 They belong to us ; are you 'jg I^^J^i^^^''^' '^°-'' y^ '™ "S"^"'' ^'^ ' "' '^'^ ''° 
 hungry? f^^l^i^PoB'S ngo'mni? 
 
 * Note. The lessons following No. XXV will be found to contain most of the short 
 sentences given in works hitherto published. 
 
Cil 
 
 i/nSS.iN AX-\'I (0(lM[iNUIU> ) 
 
 11 No; but I am thirsty ui.J jlS- ^, ?^f^J M^/M '"' '™ ' '"'"« ''■'' '"'" '"^'"g '"^'* 
 
 sleepy HRif l|0^ ugan-ffin die 
 
 12 Are they very sleepy fS'^Mil'fe H~^BRGb1|1^ k'u-ti liai shat-slian ngan-fan luc-' 
 \3 I don't know; I see they are ^J^P§_^, Jj^ MtE'ltill "°" '™ '^^" ' "^'" '^'" '^'""*' '"^ 
 
 comfortable st'^pT/jR sliii fuk 
 
 1 4 I think that horse i- well ^i^^JS ^'^ §1^^^ "-""' *'''' '^° P'''^ '"^ '° '^' '*'* 
 
 15 Will you hold that mare for me gra"fH\ '^§ UlBlpl^t'i^O?^ ts'iiig ni bin cliii ko diek ma-ns 
 
 16 Does he drink t.;a or wine? fl?^^ R iifevl^t^M. '''" •'"'"" °'''* *' y"™ ^^^^ "'^ 
 
 17 He does not drink wine ; he |[q pS- -|j^ >^|^, -^ J(jj| k'ii 'm ^ fini tsau ; sliik in die 
 
 smokes []^ 
 
 18 Why does he not put on bis -fflf -h |j5 Pq" ^^ ^<^ '-''< mat k'ic 'm c-heiik sbam 
 
 clothes? IJ/^ ni? 
 
 19 He is sick, and must be asnst- jET fj ^feK, ^5- Tv ml if? I*-'" ."■'■'" peng, in ran t'ung k'u 
 
 ed to put them on ^J cheuk 
 
 20 What sort of sickness has he? t^^-Bj.^BSPl2. k'ii yau niTit peng ni? 
 
 21 He is very tired and cannot ^g 'f^^^J^' Pa^ M f^- ^'" ^liap-fan kui, 'm tso tfilc 
 
 do anything ^ sze 
 
 22 Av.^ those words intelligible /i^ ^ gi OH pj pS'fM ^° '*" '"'''' ™ing-pak 'm ni? 
 
 or not? 
 
 23 Do you mean those written f/J^ im ■'fpl^T* i;B i^hj^''^ "' " '"'" '^''"'^'^ sei>n.; ngf.i-pin ke 
 
 outside the box _3pQ^ tszine? 
 
 24 No ; I mean those in ilie h.i.ik P§ ^, ^ M f^-N^fi ™ ''•''' ^ "S" ™''" '^'" ''^P '^'i" ko 
 
 heiscaiTving ISol^S^i)!:^ po -hii ke tsz 
 
 '.!', Take that candle and set it ^f'j j^^^j^^j)^ J$C:^|l|^ "''" ^" <-''' 'ap-diuk long mai lu 
 there 
 
 ^^M: 
 
 IMS:. 
 
 ti ko-L-li'ii 
 
 26 Tell all the people to wait 
 
 together 
 
 27 What are they to do ? 
 
 28 Tell them tn look at tlaisf 
 
 cows and pigs 
 
 29 Will he ascend if he is 
 
 told? 
 
 f4#A#iM 
 
 kiu kok yan fang mai yat 
 
 /^ tS ill 
 
 ^^Zj^Jt^^ kungchu 
 
 JEl If Jt P a B'S '''^"^g ^'^''^g ''^ '" - 
 
LESSONS XXVI AND XXN'II. 
 
 CI 
 
 80 We don't know ; he is in tlie ^J^Iiy^P§'^fli fE BErTl "S"''' '" '^^'' ' '''" ''°' s'>™-paQ 
 
 boat 
 31 Tell him to brush my clothes 
 o2 Ave you quite well to-day? 
 33 Yes, but I was very unwell 
 
 yesterdfiy 
 3-t Sit down and listen to me 
 
 35 Is that a cock or a hen ? 
 
 36 I don't know anything of 
 
 bii-ds 
 
 37 You are not looking at them 
 
 38 I think it is a hen ; but I 
 
 don't know 
 
 39 Where can I get a pair of 
 
 sheets ? 
 
 40 You (polite form) can get them 
 
 upstairs 
 
 lai ni 
 
 B4fe^ I^'^IE^^ 1^'" 1^'" t'''^' "SO ke i-sheung 
 f>5^ ^ 3 K Wi^^ "' ''*™-y'^' shat-shau ho a? 
 1^1^' iSf^ff^ 9 "h hailok, tan hai tsok-yat shap-fau 
 
 i^^)M.^^a^i^^v "' ""'' ''^'"' '''"° °^'' '"'' "' "''' 
 
 (t|^ nani? 
 
 ^bpE-j^ ^^^^^^^^^ °o° '™ ^"" '*'*■ '™ tseuk-kung 
 jjjfflpfeP tseuk-na ke 
 
 1^^ iPP^i^ii ft tS "' '° '•" ^"' *'"' ^''" ^'^ 
 
 ^ft^i^fe IBPa^B "S° ■"" ''"' "'^ ' '^" ''" '''" ''"''' 
 
 iS^ shat 
 
 Tii h Jll^l^^ f^'^J ^^"^ ^'"^™g sheung lau lo tak to 
 i^ lok 
 
 LESSON XXVIl. 
 
 To fill it up ^'/^tS' 
 
 tsong mun k'ii , 
 
 To reflect 
 
 .©iil 
 
 s.:e seun(/ 
 
 W{'(^ 
 
 tsam mun 
 
 To forget 
 
 ]Si|i' 
 
 mong i'eai, 
 
 To carry (be- ^f^, 
 
 iore^ Ai, 
 
 
 Aii^nE 
 
 mong i-r 
 
 tween two) ;fQ ^S 
 
 t'ol hi 
 
 To refuse 
 
 mi^ 
 
 t'ui I'mh 
 
 To carry by turns ^'^l^ 
 
 Imi lau t'oi 
 
 To diminish 
 
 M^J^ 
 
 ham shiu 
 
 To carry (with ^0^ 
 
 tam hi 
 
 To throw away 
 
 ^* 
 
 till hit'' 
 
 a pole) 
 
 
 
 
 
.SSDN XXVH (CuNTrXUEl).; 
 
 The genitive or, possessive case is expressed by ti |]g\| or, more commonly, by 
 KE [Igjl^, though the position of a word in the sentence frequently makes its case so 
 clear that the particle may be dispensed with ; e.g. The stars qf lieaven, t'in sing 
 ^ ^ or t'in ke sing -^ P^ ^. 
 
 Classifiers (continued. ) 
 
 7. Clii Jv a branoli : applied to slender long round objects 'iicli as pencils 
 
 pens, &c. 
 
 8. T'iu 1^ a branch or twig : applied to similar objects as No. 7, and more 
 
 frequently used. It is also applied to the divisions or articles of a code, 
 and snakes, roads, whips, girdles, &c., take t'iu before them. 
 0. Klin IS a crevice or interval: applied to buildings, rooms, &c. (fong kan -^ 
 ^ in the rooms ; ha kun ~K ^ below ; yat nia kan — • ^E ffl 
 within one year.) 
 
 10. Tsoh" ]^ a seat or throne: applied to buildings, hills, cities, pagodas, seats, &o. 
 
 11. To* Iff to pass, a limit: applied to places through, or over, which one can pass; 
 
 such as doors, bridges, &c. 
 
 12. Fdl: ipg a strip of cloth: applied to maps, pictures, and similar things that arc 
 
 rolled up or stretched out. 
 
 A liall of mcejtinL^ — ^ 
 
 
 I ii'il lai:. tsii' 
 J ur t'ong 
 
 A pair of cliopsticka — '? 
 
 A bouse (building) ^j^ 
 
 To fry 
 
 To try once 
 
 To worship spirits 
 
 A scheme, plan 
 
 I have no leisure 
 
 Immediately - 
 
 To be engagr-il 
 I\Iore than 
 Unlimited 
 
 ii.ii tu? f,,:- 
 Isz 
 (la.,) „f' 
 
 mM±m 
 
 mm 
 
 A ro;ip — • 
 
 A snake ^.Ji'^ 
 A brid-e (&M 
 
 ,j.:l/..l ti' 
 ) li' t'o 
 (fill) she 
 (to') k'iu 
 
 s-AT lia', s/iT i/iii bii 
 
 jin/' shan 
 
 /■(«\ h'.i" man 
 
 ngo' 111 tut ban 
 
 tsil- h'llc (or) lap hah (the former also 
 
 means " straight on.") 
 yau' sze\ 'm (((/.■ ban 
 to hwo' 
 mo ban* 
 
 "A little" shorter, longer, narrower, wider, &c. is formed by adding ti H^^ to 
 the adjective, e.g. 
 
LICSSON XXMl (cONTIXl'hl),) Go 
 
 A little longer -^ [lo^l di'euiig d 
 
 Add a little ^^ Offj li'm ti 
 
 Take a little olf v)^ J^fl torn' li 
 
 ]Vh(it, in the sense of that which, is rendered hy siioii — ke fifi" — D&F. 
 
 1 I wish he would fill up the ^^tE-St'/^^lpjiS /\ "°° ^''""^ k'ii chara mun ko-ko 
 
 man's cup ''^■P?* y"" '''^ P"' 
 
 2 Reflect upon what you are >S<i®!^T^f5* J^ W ''i>C sze-seung ha ui shoh tso ke szo 
 
 doing Ba. 
 
 3 Try it again once more; it's a ^T 'PP^K' 'w'jtj bT ^^' •'''"'' ^"^ t'im; liai ho kai 
 
 good plan P^D^ '^' ■" 
 
 i What good plan do you speak fjj^ ^E -H^ ^^ 'ft-j' gT ui kong mat-ye ho kai a? 
 
 of? 1^ 
 
 5 A plan to kiU the snake ^ ^l^i*£''i)toi'''-S *'' ^^® ''™ ^'"' '^'^ ''^^ '° 
 
 6 She is going there to worship 1g_ ^^ 'iffl |^ J^ k'u hii ko-ch'ii pai ahan 
 
 spirits jjil^ 
 
 7 I have uo leisure to go to ^ p^ ^ ^ -^ iigo 'm tak han hu pai 
 
 worship 3S^ 
 
 8 This is the hall (of the house) \ij^ J^ -JS& IS ni-ch'ii hai t'eng 
 
 9 Is this a map of the bridge ? ^ijlg j^ttf0|^'|^'^i^j§| "' f"k h;ii ko to k'iu ke t'o 'm 
 
 pS-l^ff/^ haini? 
 
 10 No ; it is a map of the hall Pa'f^; f^S> '^HB^ '™ '"" ' ^^"^ '''^"S '^"^ ''^ '^'^<' 
 
 11 This is the man's son's chop- B/|^ ST'lTi^* ^'HB^l'/V '^ '"' fai-tsz hai ko-ko yan ke 
 
 sticks "Itf?''^ tsai ke 
 
 12 Did you forget to throw it away? fy^^^ip^i'S' iS'S'^?^ '" mong-ki tiu k'ii hii me? 
 
 13 No; he refused to throw it P§"(^. tSPa "^"StS '^ '^^' ^'^ '" ''^°S ''" ^'"^ 
 
 away J^ hii 
 
 14 The people at that place have j^ |4fl ^PMttfSI^'^SS^^ l^o-'' y^° l^^^i ko-ch'u kam siu ti 
 
 diminished a little HKIPct ^"^ 
 
 15 Are you engaged now ? tJk nn-:^^3 -^^.EE ui ii kam yau sze me? 
 
 16 No ; hut we are gomg out PS" j^i ISf^ ^Ittlfi IP "^ '"*' ' '""^ ''*' ngo-ti tsik-hak 
 
 immediately ^J^'it^P^ tsau hu kai lok 
 
 17 Are there more than four llJSi^ ^aS 23 S'^Y^ ko-ch'u to kwo sze pak yaa hai 
 
 hundred people ? PSl^'vu 'mliaiui? 
 
Gt 
 
 IJ'J.^MiX XXVII (('(IMIM IJ^ / 
 
 18 I cannot say for crrtaiii; there ^P§'^§''f^ /£> ffJB^ "So "i wii tak ting; ko cli'u yaa 
 
 arc many women M itj^^/V ''° '° uii-yfiii 
 
 19 Can't you make it a little j>5^^ M'^^tBf^ f^P§ "' '^'""^ ch'eung ti k'u tso tik 
 
 longer ? |j|g 'm ni ? 
 
 2n It cannot be made longer ; it P§'^f^;M'^' i^''i& '™ '''''"S ^"-^ ch'eung lok ; liai ko- 
 
 is the man's -j|g ^^''^ '"' y-""" ^^ 
 
 21 Were all the people there ? p)^'jjfe(j^p-y' ^ ^ ;:^ ham-pang-lang kom to yan tsoi 
 
 I^R^ ch'ume? 
 
 L'-' Yes; and the woman's 'laui^htcr'j^, ttlHllS "wT yV''B^'5C ''^'' '^°"^° nii-yan ke nil to tsoi 
 
 was there ^K SfJ^^ eh'ii 
 
 23 She said she was very uucom- iNWalS |''4^P§' ^T ^'^ ^^'^ ^'^'- shap-fan 'm on- 
 
 ibrtalilc iM lok 
 
 1! t There are more than lorty fMOj ^^-^^ ^"iS. 23 "TyV ^° '^'^''' ^^^ *° '"^° sze-shap yan 
 
 persons there 
 
 Wl 
 
 te 
 
 tsoi chii 
 
 L'j Take a little of that s.iup and jS-IHiIpTJ' ^"(^fffiira "ing ti kom to t'ong pi kwo 
 
 give it to her "f^ k'u 
 
 26 Who made that map? ■t3*§^^f'fll!^l@''iS'^li m^t-shui ching ko-ko t'o ke ni? 
 
 27 The conipra.lr.rc made it nfl]'f|i] W^^^'I^E ^°'^° mai-pan ching ke 
 
 28 He must have made it very 'fjEj ^^^t^'I'w'I'sI^^PkF k'Ll shi-pit hai man-man ching 
 
 slowly P-j> ke lok 
 
 2'J He worked at it re^nlarly, |g ^^f^ 3^ ^P tl '^' IM '^'" '° ''''*' '^'™ slieung kom tso ; 
 hut slowly i^'f^fg^t'l'l'I^^ tan hai tso tak man ti 
 
 30 Suppose that he had not ^f^fH'^ i^ M ^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^''^ '^° '*° '^''^ ''" 
 
 done it? PB ni? 
 
 31 He took a long time almut "fg ^f^^t? ^ B$ f^^ ^'"' ^""^^ ^"" '^° '" ^'"-'"'" '*' 
 
 it fgl'ltP^ k'u ke lok 
 
 32 He was looking at it too long fHB^.'^^'^ k'u fai hiu ho kau 
 
 o.i Tell him to put on those clothes B4- j^ f H ^ij W^ Hf0Jl6^3?C ^'" '^'" '^ik-hak cheuk ko-ti i- 
 imniediately ^W fuk 
 
 31 Whose clothes? those of the -^g^fl^E ^3^^, R(0 m-'t slmi ko i-fuk a? ko-ko yan 
 man's son ? -||g \P^fJ^ ^^ ke tsai tik 
 
 35 Is that a lion-c or a hall? tfljlll^ 1^ -^'^^^ jH f^ ^° '"'"' *^'*' "'' ^' '''" ''''' '''™^ 
 
LESSONS XXVU AND XXVUI. 
 
 65 
 
 S6 It is a house ; it stands {lit. is Y^ ^ ^^, ^B ^ RJt] hai uU lai ; kin tsoi ko to k'iu 
 erected) by the side of the ^l^i^'^lJE P'"^ ^° °' 
 
 bridge \fj^ 
 
 37 I want some men to Irauslftte ^E^c/vWl^^pS ngo iu yan t'ung ngo fan- 
 
 for me Sjg yik 
 
 38 They must not be English PS'l^^t-^yV' ^cJa '™ ^^ '" yi°g-yan; in t'ong- 
 
 but Chinese /vBS" yan che 
 
 39 Tell her I don't want him any ^J^fR^tl, ^Prt'^'fE ^^ ^'^ ''^'' °^° "^ '" ''''' °°' '' 
 
 longer itH^t^f'1 *''""'" 
 
 40 He comes here very regiJarly iS wf "^ [||& PJft^^ ^1^ ^'^ sheung-sheung hai ni-pin loi 
 
 41 Of course he does ; he is a ^ ^^^^Y^I^'J' 151^ tze-pit-in hai la ; k'ii hai p'ang- 
 
 friend Mjly^B^ yau che 
 
 42 When he comes I wish to have f PITHS') ^6 '^ iM fS ''''' "**' ^^'' "§° seung t'ung k'ii 
 
 some conversation with him ^BlTKnftuS kong ha shut wa 
 
 LESSON XXVIII. 
 
 An altar "''T^jlift'^H Z/**' ^o' shan-t'an A mountami 'I'SLIJ yatfukshan- 
 
 A waterfall 'y^TIC'^^ t/at tso^ shut -ling pass J |lw^ hap 
 
 A carriage ^Siffi-S. yat ha' m^ -ch'e A place, lo-1 ' t^ CT^i yat Mv," \^- 
 
 A wall Tffllra *"' -^"^ ts'eung cahty ) ~k fong 
 
 A road ~~''^^ 3ra( t'iu lo' Things, goods i^ ^ mat-kin^ 
 
 A pagoda J^ ^^ yat tso' I'ap To set out ^B ^ hi ch'ing 
 
 The words used to express to and ivith are t'ung |^ kwo '^^ and MAI 
 Jl, e.g. 
 
 Give it to him iS jjM f^ J"'' •*"'<'" k'ii' 
 
 Speak with him ^ |^J ■(§ ^ ni' t'ung k'ii' kong 
 
 Put it close to him - - . "OT ;^ it "fH /«»/ mai kan' k'ii' 
 
61.-; 
 
 LfcSSON XXA'Ill (CONTINUELi.) 
 
 T'uNG fiS ii'Uli, trequeiitly supplies the English word_/br; e.g. hiiy that for me, 
 
 NI t'UNG NGO MAI KO-KO f i^^ |^ ^ ^ 1^ 1H' 
 
 To remove entirely |^?-i" c'hii Aii* To press between MA OZ kap chu' 
 
 To live together [^ Cc t'uQg cliii' To discourse HffliSlffl i:fyiig lun^ 
 
 To store away Bt* ■CC ch'U' chu' To decline ^ffi'S' **'^ ^"' 
 
 To obstruct I«3 \t Ian chii' To collect ^X^Efi *^''"' '" 
 
 What time is \i'! y ^ ^^ Sp ^S fHp fe'' to *iW chvng ni? 
 
 Elder brother "^^ fjgT tai' fo' 
 
 Younger brother - ^^^ f^ «<jj' Zo' 
 
 Chung ^§, lit. a ieW, has passed iuto use as the word for clock; ira Mi is 
 literally a do<, a iwint. 
 
 What is your Tamily name? (polite form) 'j^SCj^W' m ho sing' al 
 
 (ho JS meaning lofty) 
 
 Do. (to .in inferior) "pjtJjS'WjSr m sing^ mdt-ye ? 
 
 What 16 this caUed? t^l^H^tt^'li^B^ '"'*' **"" "'"''^^' '"' 
 
 My name is I'h'an (polite form) ^K/j'^'ifiE^ ''S"' *'"' *'"/ oh'an 
 
 Do. (to equals) 5& ^[J [5|B ngo' sing' ch'in 
 
 What Ch'au is that? 'l^'li^PM hai' md« ch'an m? 
 
 It is the c-biir;icter rh'an in "p'och'an" "^^P^P^^^- hai>'o-ch'an fe' ch'an tsi' 
 
 (to scut in order) 
 ipeak slowly 
 It is' finished 
 Is that native or foreign ? 
 
 ilWilW^S man' -man' hong 
 
 \$iMi^^^H *"'-*«" hai>TO'-ti" Chi' 
 
 It is not enough 
 Please say it a*_'ain 
 It is uncertain 
 A Nevvspapei' 
 Queslion and answer 
 
 mnmm. 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 loi-lo'' he' ni ? 
 
 isHng tsoi' kong hwo 
 "m tdk ting' 
 sdn-msLn-chi 
 man^ tap 
 
 1 Do you go by this road ? i^M^^M^^^^ °' ^^' "' *^''" ^° ^^ "^^ * 
 
 2 I am going to the large pagoda ^^DfQj^;^^^^^ "S<^ ^^^ ^0 tso tai fan-t'ap cli'v. 
 
LESSON XXVin (CONTTNIIED.) 67 
 
 3 Do you go in a carriage ? ■^ ^ S $^^^' Pa "' *"" ma-cli'e liii me ? 'm 
 
 No '^> hai 
 
 4 Is there an altar in the pa- PJp]^-^^^?-^ — '-M^ ^° ^^° fan-t'ap yau yat ko sh&n- 
 
 goda? 1$:®^ fan me? 
 
 5 No ; the altar is outside the PS"^^; RBli^ Jlift^^ nl* "' ''*' ' ^° '° shan-t'an hai teoi 
 
 wall 'ffi'^'l'fflj^^f* ko fuk ch'eung ngoi 
 
 6 Have you a map of the f^ R BllIi^P^Mb |S| '^' ^^ ^° "'^'^ ^'^ *''''" '"" 
 
 place? ^PM "'' 
 
 7 If you have a map give it 4^ ^l^'W'I'SMillM' "' ^''^"'^ '^^' ^^^^ '"'^ *''''°' P' 
 
 to me 'f^jj^^ll^'J ''"'*' "S° '* 
 
 8 People speak of a mountain J^^ilHrt^fi'lQl^'&'I'MLlj y^" 'i ^^^ ko-oh'ii yau fuk shan- 
 
 pass tiicre lll^tQiIl ^®P ^°^ 
 
 9 It is all written in the Hj^^fS '"^'iS^^lfnl^ '^° f^ig-sftn y^"' *' *» ^e sai ke 
 
 letter ^W^ ^°^ 
 
 10 Does the letter speak of a '(^ fh -§^^®l — "13? J^ *''"'" "°' y^" '^""§ '° y*' '''° ^'^'''' 
 
 waterfall? -S-^fj/B king mo ni? 
 
 11 The letter is incomplete f^^ f^P^' 1^^^ '^'' *""g"^™ '™ '^'' '^'"" P^ 
 
 12 Do those men live toge- Dfpl'lHtl ^"f^ IM^^S — ' ^^ ko-ti yan hai t'ung mni yat ch'ii 
 
 ther? ■ftPa'^B'S chii'mhaini? 
 
 13 Yes! he lives there with his '^, fR|SjfflfRl'^;AC ^'^'■' '''" ''"°S '"^' '^''' ^^ '^' 
 
 elder hrother 1^ ii lo ohii 
 
 14 Is liis younger brother fE^^lBBf^i^Hi^pH '''" ''® *^' '° ^^ ''° ^^° '™ 
 
 hungry? '^5^ ^^aini? 
 
 15 No; but he is very un- p^'^, '(B "(^ f R^pS m hai; tan hai k'ii ho 'm tsa- 
 
 weU g^ in 
 
 16 Why do they obstruct those l^^C!/© li $-^wlS ft k'u-ti wai-mat sz-kon lan-chii ko- 
 
 men? OlBRfi^AB'S tiyanni? 
 
 17 They do not want them to fS'^Pa't' iStB^'^ '^'"'*' '"" <^''""S-' '^'"-'' 1'' ^° ^° 
 
 finish the house }tjfHM^>^c kan uk 
 
 18 Will the compradore collect B|0^|3 ^JSJS H 'i'MX^B ko-ko mai-pan hang hii ehau 
 
 money? PuR/S ngan'mni? 
 
 19 He would not let him pass 'fEPS' Wl^fSjJSi' ^'^ '"" ^^"^ P' ^'^ ^^° ^'^ 
 
68 LESSON xxyiii (continued ) 
 
 20 What time is it? Has it struck ^ffi ^S^^> -JTI^"!^ l'' '° '™ chung? ta hiu shap 
 
 ten? ^J^tIc^/^, timmini? 
 
 21 He decliues to answer iH^a H 'a' ^'^ '™ ^^^ **P 
 
 22 I wish those people would re- ^^DlfelP^^^-^^^f^ °g° s®"°g '^"■'' y^° P™ ^^ '^''* 
 
 move it entirely ^^ H^ hii che 
 
 23 His elder brother is speaking tS''^ '^ fK ^§ fM "Ft" '^''^ ^'^ '"■' '° ^''"^ ''^^'^ •''^' ^'" 
 
 (discoursing) ■B.H^ sze-kon 
 
 24 I wish you to speak slowly ^ ^fS^'l'^! I'§^^ "S° seung ni man-man kong 
 
 25 Bring some to her, to us, and l^nS^'f^t^, R6^J$^ "'°g '' P ^'"' ?** *' ngo-ti, 
 
 to them #, % — H^ Mt% y^" y''' '^ ''''^"'' 
 
 26 You have not bought enough 'f/^\^^^^ WWf^^ "' '™ ts'ang mai tak kau 
 
 27 At what hour do you set f^^^P/il@j|S1'^ "' '" '° *"" chung hi ch'ing 
 
 out? ^ ni? 
 
 23 It is quite uncertain, I can- "H^J'Prt"^^' ^P^bS" shap-fan 'm ting; ngo 'm wa 
 
 not say positively -fS ^s tak shat 
 
 29 What time was it when he '[|3 [|E ^ B^ . ^ ^ fP^ '''" ^" <^'^'"'S ^^'' '^' '° *™ chung 
 
 started? ^^B^ "'' 
 
 30 It was about half past HfHf^Bi, ^^!ft'^~j' ' kr. ohrui shi, tai yeuk shap-yat 
 
 eleven Mk =ji tim pun 
 
 31 Is that a Chinese or an English [Mn] BM -j^ /'g —f* .^Jf fffl ''" oheung hai t'ong tsz sfm-man- 
 
 jiew^pnppi ? *^, EB(.^5-^*/t chi wak yiug tsz san-man- 
 
 32 Where is tlip book I gave ^'f-^f^(il|il^^P[^,i'"^ "S^ pi ni ko pun shii hai pin- 
 
 you? ^^ eh Ml? 
 
 33 It is downstairs, shall I (sup- Pl4t§;~F»Pj^i ^ A'}-?- ^^^ '"" ^^ ''" ' ""^ '^" "'"S '"" 
 
 pose I) fetch it ? pg ^Q ni ? 
 
 34 Never mind, tell me the name P^^P^, f^lif^ 4^S '^ ''^'" ^°^' '^'^ ''° P*^" ^^^ '"^"^ 
 
 of the book, and it will do ^>M^j^ ^U^t'^X ^^^^° "S° '''"' '^^" '^° '^"^ 
 
 35 Is it a uativr- or a foreign "^ja ^^S^ n^>?r^''iJt ^^' ''""S shii chi Iiai ngoi-kwok 
 
 book? ft R/S keshuni? 
 
 36 It is a foreign book but has a Y^ ^r® ''^■f^' fHY^^^ hai ngoi-kwok ke shii ; tan hai 
 
 Chiac=e nami' 'fS J7'i' /^-^"T" van ko t'ong-yan mhig-n^ 
 
LESSONS XXVIII AND XXVX. 
 
 09 
 
 37 You have not told me its 
 
 name 
 
 38 I will tell it you to-morrow 
 
 39 Where shall I put this 
 
 knife? 
 
 40 Put it close to him 
 
 f5^T^fS^'f|01®;8^f^ "' '"° ^^ ^°-^° '""'S kwo ngo 
 
 ^D^ ohia 
 
 ^ 1^ B ^ f^^ "S" ming-yat wa ni ohi 
 
 ^^^^i^PM "f^ 7lf"f ^t. "S" ohai mai ni cheung to-tsai 
 
 ^i^iif 5^ *^''' pin-ch'u ho ni ? 
 
 >fefc"^>fil'£fe1SttfS|^ f°"S ™i" kan chii k'U ko-ch'u 
 
 LESSON XXIX. 
 
 The accusative or objective case (as we term it) generally follows the verb in 
 simple phrases, but in long sentences occasionally precedes it. 
 
 What we should in other languages term the ablative is rendered either by 
 the prepositions tsz H , yau ra, &c. ; by using words, not properly prepositions, in 
 that sense; or by transposing the sentence; e.g. 
 
 He comes from Hongkong tSPi^^)^^ 
 
 He comes by ship tS^flS^ 
 
 KUled by a sword M7>/ ISl A 
 
 k'ii hai Heung-konQ loi 
 k'u' tap shiin loi 
 yung' to shat yan (lit. us- [ing] 
 a sword, killed one) 
 
 
 fnng chii' 
 lin chii' 
 slimi chii' 
 kwan chii' 
 t^iu ts^iin 
 
 A sheet of paper 'Ic^'ftKi yat cheung chi To seal 
 
 A sedan chair 'T^^ra y^^ ^^^9 ^iu' To connect 
 
 To envelop (wrap up) -Q ^|^ pan hi To guard 
 
 To draw to pull up ^g^ (^ ts'au hi To bar 
 
 The heavens, sky ^^ t'in A village 
 
 Diminutives are expressed by siu /J^ (already given) or SAI ^ small, 
 preceding the noun, and tsai 'j^ following it ; e.g., a small house, siukanuk; or 
 TAT KAN DK-TSAI, yj> ^ ^ ^ — ' ^3 ^ff ; « Small knife, to-tsai y^ -j*^. 
 
 Classifiers. 
 
 13. Chan' Bffl to range, is applied to a gust, ptifF, dash, shower, cloud, beam of 
 light, &c. 
 
70 
 
 LESSON XXIX (continued.) 
 
 14. Nap Jf^ a grain, is applied to seeds and grains, buttons, sand. 
 
 15. Ch'eungi^afit, spell, is applied as No. 13 but implies longer duration. 
 
 16. Tui' 1^ a crowd, is applied to a party or group of people, body of soldiers, &c, 
 
 17. Kw'an ^t a company, is applied to a herd, flock, drove. 
 
 18. Tat ^^ a patch, daub, is applied to spots or irregular marks. 
 
 What noise is that? '(|5,]^'^'|^-^,|^^^^ *o'-*' tai^«,;(-ye' sAinjr-j/am r,i? 
 
 He has just gone out tS^fcS'i'B^ ^'^ '^'*"' "^'"^ *" "''^ 
 
 Do you want this any longer . Tm^i S-tJ/KlfflprfT WP/^ ni' chung^ jV ni-ko' 'm («" m? 
 
 What is your name? (the name ■ftlKff^-n.^&^^R/E °'' '''"' ""^'"y^' n>eng ™? 
 
 conferred after birth) 
 
 Who are you working for? . . fjj^ j^ -^ ^-JTIE^ 
 
 Take this letter to the Post office |m,pf/j^^ '(g ^ft f— | 
 
 Ask if there is an answer ? . ■ f^ f{^ (Jj^ ^ [G] g'^ 
 
 Wait a little, I am busy . . • ^[TKS^, ^^fi-jj^ W/^y' ha' cA»', ngo' yau' sze'-tot~ 
 Printuig office hM T- 'R yan'-tzn^-kun! 
 
 Chapel 
 
 ui t'ung ma< yan <a iwny ni 7 
 ning nifung-san^ hit ahv -sdn^ -kun 
 ni' man' ha yau ui-yam. mo V 
 
 fs^^ lai'-j)af-t'ong 
 
 Post office 3= 1= 1 
 
 DweUing house Fr^^^ 
 Pawnbroker's shop S iffl 
 Mandarin office 
 
 Custom house BS J 
 
 Police station j^ 
 
 House of business 4~t 
 
 P 
 
 sJia-saib-hun 
 
 nga-mnn 
 hran-hau 
 ch^ai-kun 
 hong 
 
 Dispensary 
 
 Barracks 
 
 Shop 
 
 Godowns 
 
 Prison 
 
 Hotel 
 
 I\hirket 
 
 School 
 
 Temple 
 
 m 
 
 
 yeuk-fong 
 jDZft^^-fong 
 
 /iV-t'au 
 fo'-ts^ong 
 
 hak-tivi' 
 /-az-shi 
 
 Z)o you (they, etc ) c?o so and so, is expressed by adding hai 'm hai npy^^ 
 to the end of the sentence. 
 
 B^ Al, an expression of doubt, is frequently affixed to sentences rendered in 
 English by suppose (v. sentence 8. etc.) 
 
 1 Do you come from the Post 'J/J^P'^^^'fg |g ^R''^^ "' ^^ shii-san-kun loi ke hai 'ra 
 
 office? Pai^ '™' 
 
 2 No ; I come from the Police P§-'|^, ^ P^.^i&^ '™ ''^' °S° ^'^ ch'ai kun loi 
 
 station P^ ke 
 
 3 Do they guard those bar- tS'^^'^'^ ^ :^ ^ '''"''' ^s'"-"!'!! ko kan ping-foug 
 
 racks? I^Pal^ ^"^ "" ^^ *" 
 
LESSON XXIX (CONTINUED.) 71 
 
 4 They guard the barracks and tS^Hfe^ ft '^ ^ :^ ^ ^'""'' ^^''^"■*" ^° '"'" ping-fong 
 
 the prison jJj ^S ^r kung kam-fong 
 
 5 There is a market in the little RfH^a^/PyY^ Wifflt© ''° ''™ ts'iin-tsai yau ko kai- 
 
 village ftj shi 
 
 6 Is there a custom house there Bf0J^^-^ ^ ^W P '^S ko-ch'u yau kan kwau-hau t'im 
 
 also? n¥ me? 
 
 7 He came from the Chapel; I tSPt^iJiH^^^I^' ^ '''" ^^ lai-pait'ong loi; iigo 
 
 came from the school BB^aBa^R yau shu-kun loi 
 
 8 Suppose we go to the dis- Sk5iU-^"SS|,^I^§ ngo ti hii yeuk-fong ai ? 
 
 pensary ? ' 
 
 9 Is that a Pawnbroker's shop or fflnl^'^ S nfflS^'f^pD 1^° ^an hai tong-p'o chi hai yan- 
 
 a printing oflSce ? iilgg Onl tsz-kunni? 
 
 10 It is a mandarin's office fJfBl^ "^^ f ^ ^° ^^°' ^^' "ga-mun 
 
 11 Seal this letter for me {^ ^^^^B^^f^ ''""§ "^° fung-hi ni fung-san 
 
 12 A puff of wmd opened the 'P^S.!^ ^ ^ ;S 5"*' "^^ '^""" '^'''"' ''"' ^° '" 
 
 door P^ mun 
 
 22 Take this sedan chair and go ^ ^j^tM^^^ i* '" "' ''°^ ^'"^ '^^" *"" 
 
 back to the house ^^ uk 
 
 14 Wrap this up in a sheet of pa- ^^ ^ |^ 'Q ^ |^ pi cheung chi pau hi k'u 
 
 per (i e. use paper to &c.) 
 
 15 Where did he put the goods? 'f^^ilfi^'^^^J^^^ kHi ohai ti fo tsoi pin-ch'u ni ? 
 
 16 He put them in the godown f^^^j^^ W^^f^ k'ii chai k'ii tsoi fo-ts'ong lai 
 
 17 Why does he bar the door? ^-^^^'f^l^^^ P^ wai-mat-sze k'u kwan mai to mun ? 
 
 18 Connect those carriages to- ^i^ijfQ^!^'^ ^" ™''' ^° ''' '"^ ^'■^' 
 
 gether ^ ^^'e 
 
 19 That is a small shop, this is a Bj^^ ^S^ff. B^S P5 '"* ^^^ P'o-''aa-tsai, ni kan tai 
 
 large one i^WM P'""''"^ 
 
 20 Why don't you go to the ^^iMV^^^J& wai-mat ni 'm hii hak-tim 
 
 hotel? 5^ ">? 
 
 21 Because I have to go to my ^j^^^^ff^ y an-wai ngo iu hu hong yau 
 
 house of business S- ^^® 
 
 22 Whatdotheydoatthetemplc?-fgl^:ff^^'yj^5^ k'u-ti tsoi raiu tso mat-ye ni? 
 
72 Lh.SftllN XXIX (^t'ONTlNUED ) 
 
 1'3 I forget what tliey clo ^P§'IE^'[^'di!l^Ilf0 "S" '™ ^''^"■'^^ l''""'' *soi ko-ch'u 
 
 there }M.i^ \li^ *^° '"^'-y® 
 
 21 The sky is all hlue -jjgj ^ ^ 5^ ko t'in ts'ing sai 
 
 25 Did he come from Hongkong iNPfe ^"{^i^Mi 3R1^ '^'" ''^' Heung-kong tap shiin loi 
 
 hyship? P^''^ hai'mhai? 
 
 20 Yes, he came in a large Y^, f ^ ^ "^ ^^ ^Ift 3l^ l^ai, k'U tap chek tai shiin loi 
 
 ship P^ ke 
 
 27 Who killed that man? "li ffl f^ "^iJl^ (0 K mat-shui shat-sze ko-ko yan? 
 
 2h Fom- men killid him with ITfl ]|^ ^'f^ 73l>^^ ^'^'^ '"' 7^ P' '^^ -^hat-sze 
 
 swovils '1^ k'ii 
 
 29 A largo party of people were 1^^ yv PIh] ^n y^t '"' y^" heung cli'ii 
 
 there 
 
 30 A pull of wind came suddenly — -[)^ '1lj@^ T^ H^ ^ y^^ ''''™ f""g fat-in-kan ch'ui loi 
 
 31 Take this letter and Iniug an '^ tl|2, ^ f ^ -^ j'^ [E] ^ ♦"' "i fung-san hli lo ui-yam fan 
 
 answer ^TOyR ^°' 
 
 32 Who :-;avu yuu this aiistt-rrV -{j,§^f^!G] Q iSKj^l^ mat-shui pi ui-yam kwo ni ni? 
 
 33 ll ho is not at his o0ice, ;^o to ^^ 'fe* f ^p-^ 'ffi -l^ "3"!^' ^^^ '™ ^'^ '™ '*°' se-tsz-Iau, 
 
 hi, house Wt^^^''^^ '^™ *"" ^'^ ^^ "'^ 
 
 31 1 don't wiut you ajiy ^Jlc PaH^ffl fj^^H^Pii Oljjl' "S" '"' ^hai yung ni ti kom uoi 
 
 loiiger m>^ t'™ l»k 
 
 35 TeU Inni to wait, I am fJ-4- [^ ^SfTh, ^E"!-^^ kiu k'u tang ha, ngo shap-fan 
 
 very luisy Prt'f^flll ™ '^'^ '■''"' 
 
 3G (jo and see (ask) what tliat '^ f{^!TK'M"'Hi^'ptj' ''•■' ™'" ^'^ tso-mrd-yc kom tsu 
 
 noise is piffl 
 
 37 ltisahttlel.nynukini;anoise Ifl|i]f@ [iffl fi^ ffi^ a 1^12, ''"'"' sai-man-tsai ts'n ni 
 
 38 Tell him he will he punished gjf^;^^!,^!!^^"^!^! wa k'u ohi, tang ha chaJi-fat k'u 
 3'J Have you walked to the -flR "/fe'^-rffi^-i-S&Bg ni yau hang lo hii shii-kun. 
 
 school? A'\ nio? 
 
 40 N.i, 1 weiit ui a caninge Prt'f^. ^ zl^i^^i"^ '" ''^'' "§" '*° ma-eh'e hii kc 
 
LESSON XXX, 
 
 73 
 
 LESSON XXX. 
 
 \u account (bill) ' j^|^ y^ *''" "'''o' 
 
 Ola a ^ /Mi-yms-t'ong 
 Ps-pp S 'm chung-i' 
 
 To dislike 
 
 To choose, select T^i^ ^-lift'-chak 
 
 To anchor ^fe^^ -?''"" "^"^ 
 
 A (street) barrier ^^BS /fcaj-chap 
 
 To stop up _ ^^ -fc 5«i chii' 
 
 To follow ^fi *«» cliii' 
 
 m-® 
 
 To reckon up 
 
 To know TfUjy 
 
 To waken B4-p5@ 
 
 Moreover f^jg^ 
 
 The mind (heart) j\^ 
 
 Troops _Ec 
 
 Tu level 2E 
 
 Eope JigB 
 
 ^a»^ hi 
 chi io" 
 hiiC sing 
 \-ch^e 
 sdm 
 ping 
 p'ing 
 shiDg 
 
 Adjectives usually precede, or follow, the nouns they qualify as in English ; 
 e g., a good horse, yat p'at ho ma — • gC ^ ^ ; this horse is good, Ni p'at ma ho, 
 
 Many adjectives are formed from nouns by the addition of ti BH»]; e.g., better 
 HO TI W flgfj, worse, inferior, yai-ti VJ^ f|^J. As, however, ti (j^ when following 
 an adjective expressing form, quality, colour, or space, usually signifies the com- 
 parative degree (as in sai-ti ^jlj!l^>) smaller, tai-ti ':^ H^ lar/jer, etc.) ke P^ is 
 more frequently used for such adjectives in their positive sense, though ti flKj is 
 sometimes retained for the sake of euphony. When two adjectival words come 
 together, TI ^h or KE P^ is generally omitted; e.g., a rich man fu-kwai yan g 
 
 ^ J^, or TS'OI-CHIJ LO ^ ^ \^. 
 
 Beautil'ul jtjHlra ''"' '"'' 
 Do. 3^fe-^i? wa-mi' 
 
 Eich MjJE 's'oi-cA« 
 
 That is middling 
 Kead that book aloud 
 I want to go to sleep 
 I dare not do it 
 I dare not presume 
 Wake him up 
 Give a little more 
 
 Clean 
 Wronj 
 Shorl 
 
 /■u//-tseng^ 
 
 ts'o/i 
 
 till' 
 
 15 
 
 Poor 
 
 Old ^ 
 ,-^ Hot ^^ 
 
 tl(0 (0f^ ^^ 4* "ItS^ ^ '^"^ ^"*'' chnng-chung fe" che 
 
 k'ung 
 lo' 
 
 it 
 
 mm 
 
 tai'' shinj tuk ko po'' shii 
 ngo' 01 hix^ fd)b lok 
 iigo *m kom tso^ 
 ngo 'm kom tong 
 Liu' sing k'ii 
 pi ti tHm 
 
74 
 
 LLSbOiN XXX (CONTlNUJiD.J 
 
 'i'o accuiiipiiny friends 
 Yua are very good (kind) 
 A\"ait for an answer 
 Sjieak loudJy 
 \\'lierL'Iorc ? — what for? 
 To visit a jjcrson 
 
 Dining-ruoui "/^^^ ^J tai -is'an-toag 
 /yfe "^ J^ sai'-i/ian-fong 
 
 mm 
 mm 
 
 Batli-ruom 
 
 Bed-iuuin 
 
 Steps 
 
 Look 
 
 Key 
 
 Hinges 
 
 Wall 
 
 ^X 
 
 pa, -Sok 
 soh -sLi 
 
 ts'cung 
 
 ;^ ^^ 
 UK 
 
 Scaffolding (bamboo) "TT 
 
 Study or library ^g- 
 
 Flower-garden 
 
 Drawing-room 
 
 Foundatioil 
 
 Brick wall 
 
 Jlud wall 
 
 God {the Creator) 
 
 sung p aiig-yam 
 ni' yau sdm 
 tdiig \^-yam 
 tai^ shing kong 
 yfaV -i)idt-je 
 t'arn yan 
 
 
 sh ii-fong 
 fu-im 
 hak-t'eng 
 ti-keuk 
 chiin ts'eung 
 nai ts'eung 
 sheuncf' tat 
 
 Cniisidcralilu discussion — extending to the publication of entire volumes 
 devotcil to the siilyect — has arisen as to the best Chinese equivalent for the word 
 "God." That above given is now adopted by the majority of sinologues. 
 
 All, when used substantively in the sense of a relative pronoun, is idioma- 
 tically expressed by yat ko to '^ ^. 
 
 Both and are expressed by yau ^ yau ^; e.g., tliey are all both 
 
 old «nd. poor, yat ko to hai yau lo yau k'ung ■ — ' jQ ^ -j^ ^^ ^ _X If" 
 
 1 Are those steps sImjiI or Bf0Il^'^|Pi^;^'i^^5^ ''°"'' '^'''"'^'■iP '^^i eh'eung clii 
 
 long? ^5^ t«ni"? 
 
 2 Where did the boat anchor? IlfQ^llflf^^^^^ ko chek shiin p'au tsoi pin-cli'ii? 
 
 3 He went to the beautilul jg i^lBI^ ^^''^'^S '''" ''" ^° ^^'^ ^''''"™' ^^ '''^■"" 
 
 cli'ii 
 
 tsok-yat ho it ; kam-yat niin 
 0g Che 
 
 ^-^^-^pS-pJl ^^ wai-mat-sze ni 'm chung-i yan 
 
 kiu k'ii kai-hi ko chenng tan 
 ; ngo ke uk yau kan tai-ts'an-fong 
 and a bed-room iCRHIfelll^ kung kan 1 an-fong 
 
 garden 
 i It was very hot yesterday; 
 
 to-day it is warin 
 5 Wljy do you dislike the 
 
 people? 
 
 
 6 Tell him to reckon up the bUl B^tS^^^S^II- 
 
 7 My house has a diniii-room ^''^^^^;Ac^J 
 
 ^hjfjsji 
 
tESSON XXX (CONTINUED.) 
 
 75 
 
 8 Make liim always keep tlie {t^|gg^ BsJf^^'^J^IH '''" '''" shi-slii ching kon-tseng 
 
 bath-room clean j^ S/ ^^ ko sai-shaii-fong 
 
 9 Carry those things into my ^fn-ff^n^^T^^^Cft t'oi ko-ti ye yap liii ngo ke shu- 
 
 strudy S' ^ ibng 
 
 10 The foundation is not level B(|l!I|§^MbM'Pa'^^''it ''°"'' ''"'"'"'' '™ ''"' P''"^ ^^ 
 
 11 He does his work wrongly tS^^fS"^ ^^^ ^'"^ ''" ^^'°^ '^'" '"^ kui.g-fii lok 
 
 12 She is old and poor 1 S ji^J/k" T? ag k'ii yau lo yau k'ung 
 
 13 Does he worship God at the 'fe.-5*)I|S H''H'^P_t'fn' '^'^ '^"^ fuk-yam-t'ong pai sheung- 
 
 Chnrch? Po"^?^ *"' '"" P^' ™ ' 
 
 l-l There is a barrier at that place Tm ^^ -Q ^X.V^ fra- ko^ch'U yau to kai-chap 
 
 15 Get some rope ; there is no ^tlfi^$3SP^ r \l^^/fl ^™ '' ^'^'"S lai ; ko-ch'ii mo 
 
 lock there ^H' sob 
 
 16 Tell the coolie to follow the f^'flS'^ jJ^^^fitlfQ ™ ko kun-tini chi kan-chii ko- 
 
 troops H6^:^. *'P'"S 
 
 17 His heart is bad, but he fears l@"|5[lCi'P§-^"f , ^1^ ^'^ '''' ^'^™ '™ ''°' ''^" *"*' '''''' 
 
 me t&l'flli^ P'^ingo 
 
 18 There is a scaffolding by the Hffl'I'H'fW-t^^'^ ^i'5' '™*'"'' •=•"■" t»'eung pin yau ko 
 
 side of the brick wall /PBH clmk-p'ring 
 
 19 It is not a brick wall, it is a Bf0i'|'§P§"j^.'fSJ^, 'j^, ko fuk 'm hiii chiin-ts'eung, liai 
 
 mud waU ^^'^B^ nai-ts'eung che 
 
 20 Get the key for tliis lock ^B^S;jC^I'^^/|^P^ wan ni pa-soh ke soh-shi lai 
 
 21 Why do you want to stop up j^'{^|^f>5^^^'[EBl0 wai-mSt-ye ni in sak chii ko to 
 
 the door? 
 
 MP^P 
 
 mun-hau 
 
 22 It has no hiuges, and besides, 1 R ^ ^^"i^; tfh 3/ 7 k'u mo kan ke, i-ch'e yau Ian 
 
 it's broken ^^'^''^ 
 
 23 Choose the good ones quickly M^ I4^|^tl^^^l'^ 
 2* my should I do it quick- ^ ^^^\i^'^W 
 
 25 Because I want to pay a visit tW')^ JK-^'^*iK|^ — "I 
 
 to a person Jl 
 
 26 TeU the boy to read it ^^j^lffll^^'lT/^^ 
 
 aloud S© 
 
 27 He does not like to read aloud f^P^I^ ,^^^,^ 
 
 hiu lok 
 fai-fai kan ti bo ke 
 wai-mat ngo iu kom fai tso 
 
 che 
 I yan-wai ngo iU' hii t'am yat ko- 
 yan 
 kiu ko sai-man-tsai tai shing 
 
 tuk 
 k'ii 'ra chung-i tai sliing tuk 
 
7G I.KSSnN XXX (rOXTlNUF.i>. ) 
 
 28 Wby ? does he want to go to '^ -b, ^P/^, fSI^'M wni-mrit-w, iii ? k'ii liai seung Iiri 
 
 sleep? iSillt# '■^'^'"^^ 
 
 29 No, he wstnts to accompany ^^i^i fStSl'Z' ji/1^ '™ ^^'' ^'"^ ^^""S '™ ^"''S p'&°&- 
 
 his friends ^^05" ^^^^ ''''® 
 
 30 He cannot accompany them; IRpS" 2*535 f^' fM'lH ^'" '"" ^^ seung tak; kin k'u 
 
 call him here I^B/SJ^ '*' °^ '^'^'" 
 
 31 "Why won't you give a little -HjH^fy^iilrt'f^H^^ mat-ye ni 'm pi ti t'im ni? 
 
 more ? P/^ 
 
 32 I have not enough money ; I ^KpS'^^ *^ j ?"§ &iTOl "S° '™ l*^™ "g^'i ; '°i kom tso 
 
 dare not do it |Jq» lok 
 
 33 Suppose I give it to you ? ^1^ ^f^'lS^jf^ij/S ^^^^'^ ''*' "2° P' 'i ■" "> ' 
 
 34 You are very good ; I thank fy^ S. jjQfrf [!§■, ^V ^ "' chan cliing ho lok ; Dgo to 
 
 you m f^ tse ni 
 
 35 I wish you would go and wake 3& ;w[ VK J'ff-rffiS | R ''2° seung ni hii klu sing k'ii 
 
 him up 0^ che 
 
 36 Ho has not come here for a f §?§■ M" 5l5R/&;^itf ^ '^'^ '™ '^'^'"S '"i ni-ch'ii ho kau 
 
 long time \i& lok 
 
 37 Is there any body in the |H ^M^ ^^ yx Pfe )^ ko hak-t'eug yau yan hai ch'ii 
 
 drawing-room ? ^1 mo ? 
 
 38 There area good many people Bfpj^^'^^T^^yV ko-ch'ii yau ho to yan 
 
 39 Are they all rich peo- -^jS ^P"!^ ^^ fKP^ J"'' **™§ '" ^^^ ts'oi-chii lo 'm 
 
 pie? -j^P/g haini? 
 
 40 No, they are all both old and pS"^, "(0S^'^ 3C '™ ^'"' ^^^ '^° *° '^^^ ^^ '° ^™ 
 
 poor T^XW^ '^'""^'^'^ 
 
l.KSSON XXXI 
 
 77 
 
 LESSON XXXI. 
 
 To work in (as gold, &c.) ^7"^E td hi To reach with the IK ^J (or) sMn to' (or) 
 
 To pnll or haiil on 
 
 m^ 
 
 cVi cliii' 
 
 hands 
 
 mn 
 
 to' 
 
 To haul or drag- 
 
 •jflfe 
 
 c/i'e' hi 
 
 To pacify 
 
 ^ii («'•) 
 
 on chii' (or) 
 
 To seud (transmit) 
 
 mn 
 
 (£ to' 
 
 
 ^M. 
 
 woh sit 
 
 To heap up 
 
 mm 
 
 t'ui hi 
 
 To run after 
 
 ii^ij 
 
 chui to' 
 
 To prevent 
 
 mw 
 
 clu> chii^ 
 
 
 
 
 Words signifying nouns are often converted into adjectives by placing yau 
 "^^ "before and ke pfef after them; as a wealthy man yau ts'in ke tan, ;^ ^^''iS 
 ^ ; a s/'cl- man yad peng ke yan ^ ^B P|^ y^. 
 
 Bad language V^^^^^Wl (<""' '"" '"' ^'^ ''*"' ^''^^ <<"") 
 
 J^^ 13 gj' Ian' ^aw' wa' 
 
 A crafty man 5|2 yw l^lJI^ /^ ^"i wat ie' yan 
 
 Detestahle ^^ ^g /">' '»' 
 
 Amiable "pj ^^ /io' oj' 
 
 Hateful PJ" 'j'|[ /io' hau^ 
 
 Classifiers (continued.) 
 
 19. -Fw' Mil to assist, is used as the classifier of lots, sets, beads, tools, &c. 
 
 20. Kin' 'V^ to divide, is applied to goods, affairs of business, articles of dress, &c. 
 
 21. Fat Jfflapieceof, is applied to portions of stone, metal, earth, wood, cloth, &c 
 
 22. T'iin HI a lump, is applied to earth, dough, clay, &c. 
 
 23. T'ong ^ a hall, is applied to screens, curtains, ladders, sails, (seldom used.) 
 
 24. Hong i?^ a series, is applied to a row of characters, or objects, such as trees 
 
 ships, &c. 
 A mosquito curtain ^-*arownJM y<''t ^'oug man-cheung' Earth (mud) ;n^ nai 
 
 
 A willow tree '^r-jiBpil^t y'^'i''" l^"'-^^"' Dough 
 
 A ladder — ''S.^P ^•^"'^ *'°"^ *'"* 
 
 I've finished writing SE'^TC^'h ngo' se' uq foJ 
 
 Assist me ^nWj^K pong c\io' ngo 
 
 Don't trouble me R/|tlK^ '"'''' '"'™' "S^ 
 
7H 
 
 LESSON XXXI (C'dN'llNL'KD ; 
 
 
 Tea i^ rea'^y 
 
 
 ^Hn^ 
 
 cb'a pin^ 
 
 tok 
 
 
 Let it alone - 
 
 
 mnn 
 
 mai tau 
 
 k'ii' 
 
 
 Don't injure him ( 
 
 or it) - 
 
 mmn 
 
 mai hoi'' 
 
 k'u' 
 
 
 Don't fear 
 
 
 pglig-m 
 
 'm shai ]/a 
 
 
 Step aside a Uttle 
 
 
 mm'^ 
 
 hang hoi ti 
 
 
 Don't fall down 
 
 
 ^u%m 
 
 mai tit to 
 
 
 I am afraid to speak 
 
 m^m 
 
 ngo p''a 
 
 kony 
 
 
 Of no use 
 
 
 trffl^lt 
 
 mo yunc 
 
 J* /r' 
 
 
 To put on again 
 
 
 ## 
 
 cheuk faa 
 
 iilTic-p 
 
 n'^m 
 
 .-e'-tsz'-fong 
 
 Window 
 
 m^ 
 
 ch^ eung -mm\ 
 
 Ceiliug 
 
 %-^m 
 
 (Hii-f'i-poit 
 
 Horde--whip 
 
 ^m. 
 
 ma -pill 
 
 Blinds 
 
 ^mm 
 
 pak-\]y-ch''e'nirf 
 
 A saddle 
 
 -i^Jc 
 
 ma -on 
 
 The floor 
 
 i^-^m 
 
 ti-t'^ol-jjan 
 
 Bridle 
 
 
 mu -Jcohug 
 
 Stirrup 
 
 mm 
 
 ma -tap-/(7jz/7'' 
 
 Eo.>f 
 
 WW 
 
 nga -piu 
 
 Partition 
 
 mm 
 
 jHi.N -t7;t-i"/;r/^ 
 
 Do. 
 
 K® 
 
 nga'-miii^ 
 
 Kitchen 
 
 mm 
 
 ch^ii-loug 
 
 "Window 
 
 M 
 
 cli''i;uini 
 
 * 'liimney 
 
 mm. 
 
 ii>-tMng 
 
 Tiles 
 
 Jl 
 
 n.Lra' 
 
 The accusative (objective) following an active verb is sometimes preceJeJ by 
 TSEUNG t}^ (here meaning to ta^-e) and is then placed first in the sentence; e.g., 
 put that hone-whip down thete tseung ko cni ma-pin fong iia Ko-cii'ij fj^Ufcl j^ 
 
 1 Assist me to paeify that ^I|J[j ^5fn^§,,Ifl^'{0 pong cho ngo woh sik ko-ko 
 
 man y\^ yan 
 
 2 We laimot prevent his doing ^fj^"^ g^l^ftf^^ ngii-& pat nang choh chii k'ii 
 
 m 
 
 3 Go and puU on that rope -^^1. -g^ (^,^ 
 
 4 Does he work in silver or gold? 'fg|7'^_^ flT^P/S 
 
 5 Has your office a chim- ^^t^ H ^M WIS ^ 
 
 6 No, my kitchen has a chim- p^" 'j^, ^ P^ ^r ^ ^ 'm liai, ngo ke ch'u-fong yau ko in- 
 
 ney and two windows IS'WilMTi^Pjl^ t'ung k'ap leung to ch'eung- 
 
 kom tso 
 hii ch'e chii ko t'iu sliing 
 k'ii ta kam chi ta ngiin nl? 
 { ni ke se-tsz-fong yau ko in-t'ung 
 mo? 
 
LtSSUN XXXI ((JONTINtTKU.) '/'.) 
 
 / 
 
 7 You must have some bliuds fy>;&)K*^5ny fi ^feiSt "' sl'i-pit yau ti pak-ip-ch'euiig 
 
 8 There are a good many tiles ^^^h' [&] '^Jtf ^^ nga-pui mia yau ho to nga 
 
 on the roof "fe, 
 
 9 Tell the coolie to sweep the H'T'jH^ )iE-{^fl|Bl1@i-iii '"" '^° kun-tim so ko-ko ti-t'oi- 
 
 floor oIK P''° 
 
 10 Can you reach it with your f/J'* j'H^' Pj ^ jM-^'^IJ "' y"°D *'^*" ''" ' o 'M' to 'm 
 
 hands P^B^ "''' 
 
 11 I want a saddle and a bridle ^ ^ '(^ i^ t|^ ^ jl^^J "go i" ko ma-on k'ap ma-keung 
 
 12 Eun after that man and get ^.^Jtfj^ f|§ >\|^^^ ''^™' '° 1^°-'^° 7™ '« fii" "go ke 
 
 mystin-ups P^^|^{^<;|;g ma-tap-tang 
 
 13 Send my horsewhip to me ^^"^i^l^P^^^ ^^ "8° ke ma-pin lai ngo 
 
 14 The horses drag the carriage ,fe J3/; ^S ma lai ch'e 
 
 15 He is a wealthy man, but not jB'fei "R ^^''^ /V' " iH. k'ii hai yau ts'in kc van, tan 'm 
 
 amiable Pa '^ ^ ^''l^ ''''' '^^ °' "^^ 
 
 16 Here are some lumps of earth WV')m^^3^^i^^^ ni-ch'ii yau Id tui nai 
 
 1 7 There are several willows there j^ |^^ ^^I^P fel '^°''''' '" ^'^^ ^ip'o lau-shli 
 
 18 Has that boat a sail ? "10^^ W^tpM^ ^° "'"^'^ *■''"§ y™ *'°"g '' ™°' 
 
 19 I must buy a mosquito ^C^'MS^^T^ ngo iu mai t'ong man-cheung 
 
 curtain 
 
 20 He uses very bad language f^j^"|':^A^ P ""u yung shap-fan Ian hau 
 
 21 That is of no use O(0Q\J ^M''^ ''°"*' ™° ^""g ^e 
 
 22 He is a hateful man ; but don't '[gf^ ""M ^tE''^ A' '''" ^^^ ^^^ *"> ^""'''"^ ^e yan ; 
 
 injure hum '(SP^^T'^tS tan 'm ho hoi k'u 
 
 23 His language is detesta- tSIlJ "^l^H^ W^5 W '''" '^'^'"* *' *"' ^^ '^° " ''''^ 
 
 ble IJ^ tsai 
 
 24 Tell me when the tea is ready -^►fMlRFWa *R^tI "^'^'^ P'° shLwa ngo chi 
 
 25 Don't trouble me ; wait till fl/|t^M^> t^3e J^TC ™''' ^^"^ "S° ' '^"8 °S° ^^ "" 
 
 I've finished writing ^Z>Ff^ tsz cha 
 
 26 He is a crafty man, but don't fH'Hfe— "* jfflp^ra''^^^; k'u hai yat ko kwai-wat ke yan, 
 
 fear ^P^'^tfl *''" '™ ^'"'' P'* 
 
 27 Look at the ceihng ; tell me H|^ |jK (JIBI ^»J ^^ ^ jj|^ ! t^i ha ko-ti t'iu-fa-pan ; wa ngo 
 
 if it will do ^^Jc^'^^^tI^ '''"^' ^" '^"^ ™ 
 
80 Ll.SbONS XXXI AND XXXII. 
 
 -'S Open the wiii.ldw door (Krciicli PhBIbI^^P^ 'fii/PH' ^"^ ^° '° ch'tung-muii yat tik 
 
 window) a little ^^ kom to 
 
 29 Take care! don't faU down ■^'^fflirp*, Pjjtl^'^l *s>= s^' ^^- ""^ '" '° 
 
 30 Have joa put your boots on fyt'S ^g ^^f>|K^CTSh'5|C "^ y^^ cheuk fan ni tui ho mi 
 
 again ''^"^ '='^°g ^'^ 
 
 31 No, I put on my shoos ^T> ^^t^^f EXPOS' ™°' "^S" <''^^"'' ^^^ '^^^ 
 
 32 At what time do you go to Xy^^g ^ f^ ^H'i'^^ "^ ''' '" *™ chung hu shii- 
 
 school? ffr kun? 
 
 33 I go when I come from the 5p PfeSffl S^^u^fi^^'i* "^2° '^'^' p'o-t'au fan loi chau 
 
 shop P^ hii lok 
 
 3+ Did you see any one at the ^g' fa Mb MB I^ fU^ ^j 'H shii-san-kun ko-ch'ii, ni kin yau 
 Post office ? /<^ ^ yan mo a ? 
 
 35 No, I saw several people in ^\, ^x, ^j^witti 'ra ^S ™°' "2° ^^ kai-shi yau ki ko 
 
 the market 413 yl yau 
 
 36 What are you doing with that ^|S!.[llfem] ^^ ffiJc '^ °' ""^S '^^ *'™ 1"'°"^™ '^o mat 
 
 lump of dough ? ^ ^/S 5"^ °' ' 
 
 37 I am going to make hread of it ^ ^f RP^^^S '^ "S" tseung k'ii lai ching miu-pau 
 
 38 Fetch me a ladder quickly '|4tn||f] ^H ^^^ fai-ti tam pa-t'ai loi 
 
 39 It was very wrong to do so \lM M''^ "1":^^'^ ^°™ '^° ^^ shap-fan ts'oh lok 
 
 40 Bruigyour bill tome to-moiTow BH Q fS^t^ll^l^ll^'J ming-yat ni ning tan lai la 
 
 LESSON XXXIL 
 
 To be seated in 
 
 ^m 
 
 tso^ to 
 
 To seize up on 
 
 *feft 
 
 lai cliir 
 
 To sleep on 
 
 iii^i 
 
 fan' to 
 
 To think on 
 
 MM 
 
 scuiig hi 
 
 To hang up 
 
 #>fe 
 
 kwa hh 
 
 To stir up 
 
 WM 
 
 la a hi 
 
 Nothing 'TJ'liK' ™°'-""''"y^' 
 
 To care for (Uke) ^\^ Mu' h' 
 
 To have rather ^S. IS nmg iin' 
 
 To tic a knot ^TJRo '"'' ■*''' 
 
 Wages ^J- yan-kuny 
 
 To ':ro home -J—^S ''«' ^™'-' 
 
LESSON XXXU (continued.) 
 
 81 
 
 The ordiiuiry comparison of adjectives in the Canton vernacular is very 
 sinipie, the v^rord kang J^ for the comparative, and CHi ^, ting ]"§, kik ;j^, 
 or TAi YAT ^S — . for the superlative, being prefixed to the word; e.g. good ho 
 ^, better kang ho ^ ^, best chi ho ^ ^. (See Lesson XXX, p. 73, upon 
 forming the comparative by ti Pm.) 
 
 Another way of forming the comparative is to use kwo after the adjective ; 
 e.g. He is better than I, K'ij hai ho kwo ngo |g '^ ^ jj^ ^ ; This is better 
 than that, ni-ko ho kavo ko-ko ^/^ "j^ ^ jjS [ifcj '|]g. 
 
 The comparative is also formed by placing kwo v Jj^ Jk^ after the adjective, 
 e.g. Older than I, tai kwo v ngo ^ j|^ ^ ^. 
 
 When two comparatives occur together, the word iJT ^g is placed before 
 each ; e.g. The slower the better, iJT man ut ho ^ Isi ^^ ^|{J-. 
 
 chuiig-chjii 
 tze -sai' 
 
 IE It 
 
 Deceitful 
 
 Fresh (as meat) 
 
 Faithful 
 
 Carefully 
 
 Upright 
 
 Fine (not coarse) ^^ 
 
 Fresh (water) >)jjs 
 
 To turn inside out 
 
 ,, upside down - 
 Dout be in such a hurry 
 I don't believe you 
 Stay here 
 It is useless 
 Come directly 
 There is but little difference 
 He has gone Iiome 
 Not a bit of it 
 Empty it - 
 Mix it together 
 Get out of the way 
 
 c^i/((/'-chik 
 
 yati' 
 
 tam^ 
 
 Cold 
 
 Empty 
 
 Cool 
 
 Dry 
 
 Salted 
 Easy 
 
 (or) ^^ tutig" (or) lang' 
 
 iSi ham 
 
 
 
 fan-chv II U -pin' ch'ut lai 
 
 Jan-chiin tai sheuug lai 
 
 'm shai koni Jab' chi^ 
 
 ngo 'm sun" ni' 
 
 tsoi' ni ch^ii tang 
 
 hai' mo'-yung' ie" 
 
 tsau' lai loh 
 
 chang yau' hau^ 
 
 k'ii hiC hwai 
 
 ping' mo yau' 
 
 pi'ji, hung k'li' 
 
 kau mai k'ii' 
 
 hang/wt 
 
«i; 
 
 LESSON XXXn (CONXINCJED.) 
 
 Blacking brush 
 
 Blacliing 
 
 Cooking pots 
 
 Lamp wick 
 -Lamp oil 
 
 Cliarcoal 
 ■Coals 
 
 Tonffs 
 
 SEE ^5 Ira hai-mak -so' 
 
 K'S^'^ liai-naak-s/i«j' 
 
 
 sha-po 
 
 tanff-sdm 
 
 skdnff-yau 
 
 nmi-t^an 
 
 king -if" ail 
 
 foh-Wmi 
 
 Starch 
 
 Bir'Iuage 
 
 Dubt pan 
 
 Soap 
 
 Frying pan 
 
 Tirewood 
 
 Basket 
 
 
 JuZL 
 
 fat-tau 
 fan-kan 
 wok 
 ch'ai 
 lam 
 
 1 Cliarcoal is better than fcewocd ^f^'^')^%^f^ ^"'g t'an ho kwo mui-t'an 
 
 2 Are not coals better than ]^/^P§''^itf ?iS.^^ mui-t'an 'm hai ho kwo Hng- 
 
 charcoal ? t pF! t'an me ? 
 
 3 To-day is coldel- than yesterday -^ Q J^ )j^ }^ ^ kam-yat lang kwo tsok-yat 
 
 ' 4 This man is faithful ; that Ij/^'O A /S [4' ^ j0 IS '^'^° ^™ chung-chik ; ko-ko yan 
 man is deceitful yVxTp^ kan-cha 
 
 5 This cotton cloth is finer than I^IlnT)^'f|74i5/;^^f|l3l ™''' ™'>-po yau sai kwo ko-ti 
 
 that BI^ 
 
 6 Do you like salt meat ? -^ ft} ^^ ^ [^ pS. ^J^ ni chimg-i ham-ynk 'tu ni ? 
 
 '7 No, I don't like it ; I hke fresh p^ Cp ^ ; ^ "^ '^ ptj 'm chang-i ; ngo sheung-sheung 
 meat regularly (generally) ^ ^J^t'l^ chung-i san sin yuk 
 
 8 The weather is very cool ^Qj^pH^^^^M t'in-shi shap-fan leung 
 
 9 Is not this month cooler than W/j^ j@ M Pai^^iM^^ "'"''° ^' '™ '^'^' ^^""S '''"'° sin-ko 
 
 last? 1@^n^ 
 
 10 No i but it is a good deal P§i^, 'fB'l^ ^ Bf^f^ 
 
 drier ^^ 
 
 n Is it easy or difficult to tie a ^ ^ ^ ^ 5> S^ 
 
 knot? ^ 
 
 12 1 have never thought about it ^ ^^ '^^^AJ^ 
 
 13 What has the cook d^ne with tlJQ (g ^^Ht^IIjfeti^ji 
 
 the frying pan and pots ? ■^Nl^J^l^'i'I^^^^'^ffi sha-po hii bin pin-ch'u ? 
 
 M He has put them in the basket jp^^f^^'fQ^I^ k'ii ehai k'ii tsoi ko lam lai 
 15 Tell the boy to buy some pil-^te^[. T?-^" ^ Ugfl kiu ko sze-tsai hii mai ti hai 
 
 blacking to black my ^^y^Kl^lf^^ mak-shui ts'at tseng ngo 
 
 lit me? 
 'm hai ; tan hai t'in-ahi ken 
 
 ho to 
 ta ko kit {or lit) i chi nan ni ? 
 
 ngo mi ts'ang yan seung kwo- 
 I ko-ko fo-t'au ning ko-ti wok kung 
 
tF.ssoN XXXII (continued.) 83 
 
 16 Is the birdcage empty ? p^Q f|3 ^ ft ^''^^ ^°'^° tseuk-lung hung ke me ? 
 
 17 Does he sleep on the floor? t^PM|^/^B|illi^ 1^'" ''f^' lau-pan tan me? 
 
 18 He does not do so now; but ^p-^^f^P^-'j^Pj'j^'^P^, ii-kam k'u 'm hai kom tso lok; 
 
 did last year tB ^b ■■Yp ^ jjg" tan kau-nin hai che 
 
 19' The weather is very cold ^^(J=E | ^^Jw' t'in-shi shap-tSn lang 
 
 20 For me the colder the better ^V fit/^ ^S& ('^^^yf '^S° tsau iit lang iit ho 
 
 21 What was he seated in? I^;^^*^^!}^ ^''^ 'so chii ra&t-ye ni ? 
 
 22 He was seated in the carriage j Ef ■^k J-\^ ,fe m [gui k'ii tso tsoi ma-oh'e lai 
 
 23 I thought he was seated in a Se 1p [S -^ .ff ^ffi ago ku k'ii tso tsoi t'ing lai 
 
 boat ^ 
 
 24 Hang up that birdcage on the Hl'^B'fffl ^^5 ^E'fS t^ ^'^^ ^' ^° tseuk-lung tsoi ko 
 
 wall p l^st ts'eung sheung lai 
 
 25 Buy some lamp oil and wick ^BH>J'J^'C^5\yl'nS ""^^ *' tang-sam kung yau kwo 
 
 for me ^& ngo 
 
 26 Did he seize upon those people? iR^g'ff UfRlBH^ /v'Bp ^'^ '^' '^'^^ ^o-^\ yan me ? 
 
 27 Yes ; but it was no use Y^, -THflS v^ 9^Pw■ ^'''i ''^" '^ ''^' ^^^ '°''- 
 
 28 I had rather he had not ^^/^'fSPo'^fi^ "SO ninj-iiu k'ii 'm tsTmg kom 
 
 done so "^R^'J '*" '^ 
 
 29 Don't let him stir it up' P/jt j$fSM @tH ™^' P' ^'^ ''^''""''' ^''* 
 
 30 Why won't he go home ? '1^ •^ ^'[gp§- "^ ^ wai-mat-sze k'u 'm hang hu kwai 
 
 31 He does not care to; be has 'f^P§'^ ,'^t!^> tH^ k'u 'm to seung che, k'ii mo yau- 
 
 no wages J^'JL.^^ kung ke 
 
 32 Is there anything there? fjfBj^^W^^ ftB^ ko-eh'ii yau ye mo iii?' 
 
 33 No; there is nothing ^i^, "fSl^ 'fl^ ™°' ''°"<^'^'"'™° y* 
 
 34 I don't beheve it; go and see ^P§- fg, ■J'H^ TK^I] ngo-'ia-sSn, hii t'ai ha !a 
 
 35 Get out of the way ; a sedan ^Sjl,^^^^. ^ hang hoi; yau sbing kiu loi 
 
 is coming h^e ^^ 
 
 36 Why don't you like to stay ^ -{l ^5^ ?§: ^^ ^ Plf' 5^ wai-mat ui 'ra chung-i hai ni- 
 
 here? ^^R/S ch'iini? 
 
 S7 It is useless ; I had rather TH M^, ^ ^1^ i* ^° y^"°S a ; ngo ning-un hii p» 
 
 go UPg- lok 
 
 38 He says he will come directly f^^'f^i^^tl^ J''" ^^ ^'" '^^'^ '°' ^'^^ 
 
84 
 
 LESSONS XXXJl AND XXXIII. 
 
 39 Not a lit of it; he won't "df^^I^af^' tSPa J"'' *''^ '° ''" ''*' ' ^'"^ '^ ''^' ^'^ 
 
 come Jj^P^E"^ l°k 
 
 40 Tell him to mix those things B^fg ']F''^1^\I'^ '^3f0 '''" '''" '*'^'^*' ''"^ kau-wan ko- 
 
 together carefully R^S* ti ye 
 
 LESSON XXXIIl. 
 
 Good 
 
 iT 
 
 1,0 
 
 Better 
 
 Hit? 
 
 Jcaurf ho 
 
 Best 
 
 m^ 
 
 chi ho 
 
 Short 
 
 m. 
 
 t'dii 
 
 Shorter 
 
 nm 
 
 kdng'' tiln 
 
 Shortest 
 
 mm 
 
 chi'' thii 
 
 Much 
 
 ^ 
 
 to 
 
 More 
 
 m^ 
 
 chnng to 
 
 Most 
 
 ^^ 
 
 chi to 
 
 Bad 
 
 •If 
 
 oi 
 
 Worse 
 
 Silli^ 
 
 Z-rt/i^' 0^ 
 
 Worst 
 
 
 c/ii^ ok 
 
 White 
 
 a 
 
 pak 
 
 Whiter 
 
 MS 
 
 kdnff'' pat 
 
 Whitest 
 
 Mfi 
 
 cAr pak 
 
 Little 
 
 ^> 
 
 siu 
 
 Less 
 
 Md'^ 
 
 l-ang' siu 
 
 Least 
 
 ^>> 
 
 chi'' siti! 
 
 To form the superlative ke 0Kf is sometimes used after the adjective, which 
 takes CHI ^_ or tai yat -^ — •, before it ; e.g. The most distant mountain chi iJN 
 
 KESHAN II j£p|^llj. 
 
 Other ways of forming the superlative are : — 
 
 («) By placing tak tsai ^ I^ kwo t'AU ^ ^ or pat shing ^ ^ 
 
 after the adjective. 
 (b) By placing kik -j^ before, and ke P^, after the adjective. 
 
 Shap-fan -4- ^j*- and sheung' \\ are also used to express verj/, the highest. 
 
 Classifiers (continued ) 
 
 25. Ka' ^B a wooden frame, is applied to stands, fire-engines, &c. 
 
 26. To .3^ hanging branches, is applied to flowers, fire, flames, etc. 
 
 27. PW tip- a slip or fragment, is applied to slices, slips, bits, etc. of various articles. 
 
 28. Tsek ^ a mat, is applied to spots of ground, feasts, conversations, 
 
 &c. (Seldom used, but included in most lists 
 of classiliers.) ' 
 
LESSON XXXIII (OONTINUK1>.) 
 
 85 
 
 29. Pan ^ a bundle, 
 
 30. Chat TJ^L do., 
 
 This side up 
 
 Do it now 
 
 As I lil<e 
 
 How do you do it ? 
 
 Do it secretly 
 
 No occasion 
 
 No matter 
 
 No help for it 
 
 Never mind 
 
 Put it back 
 
 Oblige me by — 
 
 Blacksmith tT^^lSM 
 
 Bookbiuder #j§gijj'^ 
 Do. 
 
 Apothecary 
 
 Bookseller 
 
 Consul 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Barber 
 
 is applied to bales, bundles, or packages of goods. 
 is applied, similarly to No. 29, to rolls or packages 
 of small articles. 
 
 mmm 
 mmmm 
 
 ta -tHt-sze-fvi' 
 ia -tHt'lo 
 
 Xi-kain tso^ lok 
 ts*ui ngo chuiig-t 
 ni Urn yeuug^ tso^ 
 t^au-t^au-til: tso'' 
 'm shai lok 
 'm seung kon 
 mo' nop ho 
 'm shai lok 
 fong" fan, lok 
 ^at tok ni' — 
 
 trSft 
 
 Captain (sea) f^"^ sbiin-rfii' 
 
 Emperor .^"rp wong-tet" 
 
 ieng-shii-sze-fu' Beggar yj 63 hat-i 
 
 ieng-shu-lo Flowerpot Jt^^ ya-p'un 
 
 yeuk-ts'oi-^'o" lo Flowerpot stand JU ^H fa-ka" 
 
 mai'-sAS-yan Awning 3^5^ fin-die. 
 
 ling'-sze'-faift Bench BS:^& (cheung) tang" 
 
 se-tsz'-j2in Time (occasion) ^| wan 
 
 «'ai'-t'au-to' Do, 
 
 1 This is good, but that is 
 
 better 
 
 2 These are the best mats 
 
 3 Do you think that bench is 
 
 too short? 
 
 4 That awning is very white 
 
 5 Has the barber the smallest 
 
 lantern ? 
 
 I^M "fS ^'j H^ 11^ ^ 1S ^''■^° t'ai-t'au-lo yau ko chan 
 
 'm hai ? 
 
 (g ui 
 
 ni-ti ho, ko-ko kang ho 
 
 ni-ti tsek hai chi ho ke 
 
 ni ku ko cheung tang tiin 'm 
 
 ni? 
 ko-ko t'in-che shap-fan pak 
 
HG LESSON XXXIII (continued./ 
 
 C Give these books to the book- f^|J|2.tl^'^j@f|§^J'^ pi "i-ti shii icwo ko tfeng-shu-lo; 
 binder ; tell him to bind ^^ ; B^f^^ ^ kiu k'ii teng tak ho ho 
 
 them very well stj JIT 
 
 7 The bookseller has the small- -JI^^X ^f^^ ^ SItfl ^° teng-shu-lo yau kan kik sai 
 
 est house P||^ ^ ke uk 
 
 8 Has the Captam gone o" '^o""^ ttfQ f|^ 1^ ^ '^ )|§ TJ^ ko-ko shiin-chii lok shun mi 
 
 the ship? '^ ts'ang? 
 
 9 No, he is very unwell ^^' tSH^^Po" ^ ^ ™ ts'ang, k'u shap-fan 'm tsz-ia 
 
 10 Is he a Consul or a clerk? "f^j^ l|§ rM ^'l§^5^ !M ^'^ ^^^ ^° ''"g-sz-kun chi se-tsz- 
 
 11 I don't know; he is a very ^P§-^|I, j^'j^f@-|" ngo 'm chi; k'uhai ko shap-fan. 
 
 rich man -^ ^ i''!^ A^ ts'oi-chii ke yan 
 
 12 Is he older than the black- tH;^^51^f@ H^i^ ^'^ '''■ ^'■''° ^°-^° ta-t'it-lo hai. 
 
 smith? i^Paf^ 'mhai? 
 
 13 What was the blacksmith (1(0 f@ ^T^f^'^'lil^ ^°-^° ta-t'it-lo tso mat-ye 
 
 doing? Pj^ ni? 
 
 14 He works in iron daily f^ 3 H ^1^ tX^P^ ^'"^ yat-yat to hai ta fit ke 
 
 15 Has he seen the Em- f^ N -^^JS.^'^'TJ '''** ^^^ ^'" ^^° wong-tai. 
 
 peror? W^ mo ni? 
 
 16 No, nobody can see the Em- 'Tji ^fj/\ M.^f^^'nT' mo, mo yan kin tak wong-tai 
 
 peror 0^ ke 
 
 17 Did they go to the apothe- JH'jHfe ^^"(1] ^ ^M" '''"'*' ^""^ ^^ ^° ^^'^ yeuk-ts'oi^ 
 
 cary's shop ? ^{^ ^^ p'o mo ? 
 
 18 No, there were too many beg- ^, tljp| ^ ^- ^ •^ rao, ko-ch'ii ho. to hat-i 
 
 gars there y^ 
 
 19 I want you to buy me some ^^f/jT^joI^^!]^'!^^ ngo iu ni t'ung ngo mai ti fa- 
 
 flower-pots ^^ 
 
 p un 
 
 20 Do you want some flower-pot- flJ^^TS^^^Po "' '" f*-P'"°-ka t'im 'm 
 
 stands also ? D/B ni ? 
 
 21 No, they are too dear; they are p^ ^il^, y^ ^ ^'^' '™ '" '°'^' ''''*' '^^^ ^^^ '^^' ' ''"'^' 
 
 dearer than flower-pots ^Jffi'fE^*'^ kwo fa-p'un pe 
 
 22 Clean this lantern ^ ^ j^ ft/^ ^ '1^ ching kon-tseng ni chan-tang 
 
 23 Oblige me by doing that at once ^jl^|^i|J^J|^^^ to-fan ni tsik-hak t'ung ngo tso 
 
LESSON xxxiii (continued.) 87 
 
 -2'i Vxxt it back where you got fi^^P^J^I^^P^I'iJt' Wt "' '"" P"""''''" 'o '''' ke, tsiiu cli;n 
 it from ^^'^]^I!^>'J f™ ko-ch'li la 
 
 25 Never mind now ; it will do ^ ^ pE. ^p^lj, ^P_^ ii kani 'm shai la ; tsau kora tso 
 
 as it is '^^^P^ tak lok 
 
 26 That is not as I like it; it is ^P§''-j-' ^P^^ i W^ "°° '" ''''""S"' ^°™ yeung; to mi 
 
 untinished y^ '©' '^jf ■^f' ts'ang tso iin 
 
 27 Do whatever yon like, but f^^ f cJc 'Pi i^ ffl^JW' 'iS "' '^° ™^^'7^ '<> ''"j *^° '™ ''" 
 
 don't do it secretly Pa^t? fHU im ^^ ^ t'au-t'au-tik tso 
 
 28 TeU me how you do it bJ^ |^ f>5^ §A ^ ^ ^1^ '''* "^° *'^"^ '" '^"^ ^^""^ ''° 
 
 R^lJ ke la 
 
 29 There is no help for it; it must ■T]'^^ FT ■yj' '/E.'^t ™° "°' '^'' ^ ' ^^^ ''"S '" tso ke 
 
 be done fltfltP^- ^"^ 
 
 30 What is the name of the farthest H|E]^^^fl^|JjftH-Jl ko-ko chi iin ke shan kiu mat 
 
 (most distant) mountain ? ^^ DB ming ni ? 
 
 81 It is called Lung-shan ; have B^TOt hM LLI i lS>~^>TO"7IC '^'° 'S" Lung-shan ; ni hii kwo mi 
 you been there ? "& VW ts'ang a ? 
 
 32 No, I have never been there '^C^'; ^E ^jC'^'jc'jJw ">' ts'ang, ngo mi yau hii kwo 
 
 33 It is higher than the Kwan- ^53Jw.^7WLL| ko kwo Kwan-luu shan 
 
 lun mountain 
 3i TeU the gardener to bring me B^'(]§ ^ J -h!^''^-?^'^ '''" ''° fa-wong nim ti fa lai 
 some flowers "Jg ngo 
 
 35 The compradore has bought UJhJ'IH^CJ^ Mf^v^'Oi ^°'^^° mai-pan mai hiu Ink pan 
 
 six bundles of goods j^ foh 
 
 36 Buy me a small bundle of pens ^ '^^L^>1^$^ ™^' ^^^ '^ ''^''' ^^^ ^^° °^° 
 
 37 Get a shoe of cake for the |^ '^^ji^lH^i?^ "^"S yat fai peng kwo ko sai-man- 
 
 child 'Cf- tsai 
 
 38 This is considerably better Hl?,Pi(fi[5'^''fB'f0itf '"'*' ^° ^^° ^°'^^° ^° '" 
 
 than that ^^ 
 
 39 I wi.shyou wouldlistento what ^7^f;;5t|§^P^^; "S'^ s^^S "' '''"S "8° l<om wa u- 
 
 I say ; do it now fffj '^ '^R^'J ^'^™ '^° ^^ 
 
 40 As it's the first time, never 5^!^ ^ — " IEJ > P^ ® "' ''''"" *^' y''' "'' '" ^'''*' 
 
 mind P^ lok 
 
iKSSON X\XIV. 
 
 LESSON XXXIV. 
 
 To travel by laud ^T^i 
 
 (a lo' /,tr 
 
 The world ; 
 
 empire 
 
 %T 
 
 tUti-h'^'' 
 
 tfii 
 
 hang-yau 
 
 ProHt (money) 
 
 m 
 
 ir 
 
 Interest (of money) ^|J }^ 
 
 11^ -sa- 
 
 To invite 
 
 
 
 is^int)' 
 
 A stove-bed i^^ 
 
 Iwiig'-ch'ong 
 
 To worship 
 
 
 n 
 
 pai" 
 
 News ^^ 
 
 sdn-iJi(in 
 
 Ghosts 
 
 
 % 
 
 kwo.i 
 
 Guest yi ^. 
 
 yexi-hah 
 
 
 
 
 
 Owing to the previously existing ignorance of Chinese geographers regarding 
 foreign countries, most of words used to express both them and their inhabitants 
 are "bastard," i.e. attempts for the most part to reproduce the sounds of the names 
 phonetically or descriptively. The following are those most commoaly used;^ 
 
 Englishman ^^^ij \ i/itt^-Xr.'(-li' yan 
 
 German O JHI S K yat-i'-man yau 
 
 Frenchman ^^v^M ^§ /v. is,t-lan,-sai yaa 
 
 ^Spaniard S -Ji^ yv_ \^-svyag' yan 
 
 Portuguese ^B ?¥ /^ sai-y eung yan 
 
 By substituting kwok ^ for yan y^ the name of the country is expressed, 
 KVVOK [^ meaning a state, country, kingdom. The word "world'' above given, is 
 in the Chinese classics used only to designate China, or the empire par excellence. 
 
 Annamite 
 
 ^itA 
 
 on-nam yan 
 
 Macaoese 
 
 m^^K 
 
 o^-mun yan 
 
 Parsee 
 
 es^A 
 
 pak-t'au yan 
 
 American 
 
 ■vmK 
 
 ytt-k'i yan 
 
 To stay at 
 
 on in 
 
 «Jtfi 
 
 tsni c/i'i'-.^ chii^ 
 
 To sneeze 
 
 
 trm^ 
 
 t'l hai-ch^h 
 
 To gape 
 
 
 ^P^E 
 
 ia ham W 
 
 To sail to 
 
 
 ■1^* 
 
 slim hit 
 
 To go to 
 
 
 m^ 
 
 hoi hiij" 
 
 To leave a 
 
 place 
 
 m^ 
 
 \i-hoi 
 
 I wear spectacles 
 
 
 ^^mit 
 
 lino la'^ \vy-M\ -l-eug 
 
 I ;im takiiiy tifiin - 
 
 
 ^^#« 
 
 ligo' shik nii'-chaii. 
 
 It is a di^syllaljle - 
 
 
 %m.^^ 
 
 hai' hi n' -holc-i--z 
 
LESSON XXXIV (CONTINUKD.) 
 
 89 
 
 Go to the Post office 
 He comes by sliip 
 It is so generally 
 Present it to liim 
 Within the town 
 Stop working 
 Open (your) mouth 
 I fear it is so 
 FiU it Ml 
 
 ntrmM 
 ^ m % 
 
 kic^ ski' -tiliiC -tail 
 k'u ta shliu loi 
 tai^-^*Oi hai^ kom 
 sung^ kwo' k'ii' 
 shing lui'-t'au 
 shall ktnifj la 
 mak tai^ hau 
 to p'a hai' 
 chdm mun' k'u 
 
 der 
 Gentleman 
 Farmer 
 
 Do. 
 Gambler 
 
 Do. 
 Gardener 
 
 Do. 
 Blank book 
 
 Neither- 
 
 Executioner 
 
 Fisherman 
 
 Desk 
 
 Governor 
 
 Engraver 
 
 Almanac 
 
 Bookcasa 
 
 Envelope 
 
 ypj •^-' fK slutt-shau -lo 
 
 rS se'-tsz'-t'oi 
 
 Ferryman (mas- J7S ZC 
 ter of a passage boat) 
 
 Isv.ng -Ink 
 
 («/-tseung 
 
 t^ung-shu 
 
 sAtt-kwai^ 
 
 sail -Jung 
 
 io'-chx! 
 
 Crockery-men- ^^^§^| po'-ts'z.-M- 
 
 yv -' y™ 
 
 y^^. ya,a-hak 
 
 ^ B9 f^ *««5-t'in-io' 
 ^^7^ nung-> 
 
 Icjl j iin-<in(7 
 
 !^ 3E /a-wong 
 
 nor is rendered by 'm hai pS. /j^ y^^ 'm hai Y pS. 
 
 "j^ ; e.g. They are neither good nor bad, 'm hai ho yau 'm hai 'ji ho p2. Y^ 
 
 1 Arc those men Frenchmen or Itj^Hfl^Ji^'^^ g^^^^^ ko-ti hai Fat-lan-sai yan, chi Sai- 
 
 Portuguese ? © 7^ A i|^ y<=™g yan ni ? 
 
 2 They are Englishmen and ]H^i^^^^\^ k'ii-ti hai Ying-kat-U yan kung 
 
 Germans 9-^^.^ Yat-i-man yau 
 
 3 Is there news from Annam ? ^^ "^ ^ ^ Tl'B^ On-nam yau san-man mo ni ? 
 J Is he a Chinese or Ma- t^'^^>\.K'^ P^ '''" ^^' T'ong-yan chi 0-mun 
 
 caoese ? /I BH yan ni ? 
 
 5 They arc neitlicr Parsccs nor f^raEPa'fet H ^,A.' k'ii-ti 'm hai Pak-t'au yan, yau 
 Americans ^Paf^-fE^ A '"" '*" ^''■'''' y"" 
 
90 LESSON XXXIV (COKTINCtD.) 
 
 6 Where does that man intend Ufpl fffl y^ /TO ^Tibp 'i'j^ ko-ko yan seung ta lo hu pin- 
 
 to travel? )Mii&^Mi oh'uyauiii? 
 
 7 He intends to travel in China Tp '^^■^'T^ ISI Vffi ^'^ seung hii Chung-kwok yau 
 
 8 Do you think he will first i/i'\]CJ^^^tj^^W^'{/T' "' ''" '^'" ^"^ P^ ^^'^° '^^ '™ 
 
 ■worship the spirits? PtJIyS "''"' 
 
 9 I suppose so; he sails to- ^^1 IM WPl^w'J' iS^^ '™ '^" '''^ ^'*' '^' '^'^ ''"S'^^' 
 
 morrow H Bh ^' hoi shan 
 
 10 Did the executioner kill the j^^-^f^^Pl^j® ^° shat-shau-lo sluit ko-ko yaa 
 
 man ? yvfl$ ™^ '■ 
 
 11 The. Governor ordered bim to f@|)il'^^f§^{rf0fQ to tsung-tuk ming k'u shat ko- 
 
 kill the farmer ttt ffl J^ ko kang-t'in lo 
 
 12 He paid the money, principal J^jS SS'^^ljsR^ ''''■' '^° P""^ '^' '' *° wan-ts'ing 
 
 and interest VpfPn" ^°^ 
 
 * san-man 
 
 13 There is no news from America "^^V Jim^ I gH /ft ^/j^ ^fl Fa-k'i kwok mo f 
 
 14 Did he invite many guests? l^nH^J .^/n^*!^ ''" '^''"8 1"> '« yan-hak me? 
 
 15 No; all of them had left the P|| j^> ; tS?HfeP,^i^5'^ '™ ''^'! '^'"-'i bam-pang-lang 
 
 place §5 ^^ [H Hfg ^ i-ill to " 1"'^ ko tat ti-fong 
 
 ^Rg. lok 
 
 16 Is the ferryman also a fisher- ffd^If^^^^^Cf^l^^, ko-ko to-chii yan hai loh-u-lo 'm 
 
 man? Wo^^.m ''*''"• 
 
 17 That gentleman wishts to see mffj fi/.^;^'|M Mlt^ ko wai yan-hak senng kin tseung- 
 
 the general m^ kwan 
 
 18 When will that gentleman Pf0l® A^^B$ dB ko-ko yan-hak ki shi chi liu 
 
 kav,.? -^-IJ/S "'■ 
 
 19 The Portuguese will stay tlieir Ilf|j] j||I gf y^ A'^^jj^j ko-ko Sai-yeung yan chu ho noi 
 
 iome time S'^^'lt*'^ '^■'" *>" ke lok 
 
 2(1 Did you put the almanac in f^\:^2J£j^^^§ |g m chai pun fung-shi. tsoi shu- 
 the bookcase? 'j'^pE-'j'^ kwai hai m hai ? 
 
 21 No, I fear it is on the stovr ^^'{^, ^'l^i^^f^ 'm hai, ngo p'a k'ii tsoi ko clieung 
 
 t'«=d Sii^iTKH^ hong-ch'ong lai 
 
 22 Why did you put it tb.re? ;i|^-^f/j^^tf||] j^flf^PJg, "-."'""t ,h chai ko-ch'u lai ni? 
 2a It is geuei ally put there '^fl$ ^j^f^^Uf^l^ sheung-shi to hai chai ko-ch'u 
 
 ke lok 
 
LESSON XXXIV (continued.) 91 
 
 24 Do the Chinese wear spectacles? Ig" ^'^fl^^^PaflM t'ong-yan tai ngau-keug 'm ni ? 
 
 25 They wear spectacles to read 'fRvlu^lS'BR^^B^aa k'ii-ti tai ngaii keng lai tuk 
 
 books ^E shii 
 
 26 Why do you open your 'ISb'Ui^'fy^^g mi tU IWl wai-mat-ye ni mak ko hau kom 
 
 mouth so ? -t- BH tai ni ? 
 
 27 1 fear I was gaping ^'l'fl$^^'*J^^^ ngo p'a ngo ta-ham-lo 
 
 28 Look at that Spaniard ; he ^j-TKlH^ j0 § tJ^ A , IB ^'-i' ^^ ^"-^o Lii-sung yan, k'u 
 
 wants to sneeze ! '^^T^HK"^ seung ta hat-ch'i 
 
 29 Did he come here by ship or iR^llft H ^5?§5|^ ^'^ ^^ *"" '^'^' ^"^ '" '"' ^^ 
 
 byroad? P^B/£ '"? 
 
 30 How many guests came with Sffi ^lEI J^^?|oIifflfPl ^' ^° ^° yan-hak t'ung mai k'ii 
 
 him? ^t^R/S '"'"''' 
 
 31 I think some Annamites came ^Pfp'^^g'TO ^iS A. "B" ku yau ki ko On-nam yan 
 
 with him IBHS^I^ t'ung k'ii loi 
 
 32 If the guest comes tell him I ^ ^^ ^ ^ '& ^ ^|], yeuk hai ko yan-liak loi to, tsau 
 
 am taking tiffin fi^f^f S ^ff $fe ;^ wa k'ii cbi ngo sliik 
 
 Tffi ^i ^S kan an-chau 
 
 33 Are these Englishman gam- Dj^n|K| J^^5jt|J Af^^' ''""*' Ying-kat-li yan hai to-pok- 
 
 blers? if f^3a1^ B'S '° '" ''^' "' ■' 
 
 34 No, the Americans and the P§-f^, RffllS^?^^ >\ '™ '''''• '^°'*' ^a-k'i yan kung On- 
 
 Annamites are gamblers it ^ t^ A ■^S^ ^' nain yan hai to-pok-lo 
 
 lift 
 
 35 Did he sail to France? tEi^^'^jll iS^I^ ^'"^ ^''" ''" Fat-lan-sai me? 
 
 36 No, he did not go there ; he pg-'j^, fg^-J-tlllll^, '"> ^^', k'ii mo hu ko-ch'u, heung 
 
 stayed here PIbIBSISB^ "'"*'" *^ 
 
 37 Did he sneeze very much \^^^ ^^"S^^ '''" *'' ^° '° hat-ch'i me ? 
 
 38 No, he gaped and said he was p^-f^, tS-JTH^^^ '"' '"''• ''''' ''^ '''*'"'^° '"'" '^^ 
 
 sleepy f^BHiH"^ "S"""*^™ '''"" 
 
 39 Is he generally so bad? lE^^ 'ffil'^PI^Ptf H^ *"'" *'-^''^"°S '° '"''' *""" ^^^ 
 
 P^lrig kerne? 
 
 40 I fear so, he is a lazy man ^\f^ ^, tSl^ltf 11 "^° '' '^ '"' '''" '" '" '""'° 
 
^12 
 
 LESSOR" XXXV. 
 
 ch„1: fli.i 
 na chii" 
 
 To insert WL7\^ /""f/' ya-p To arrest, appre- itl£f-E 
 
 To kick ^i^ /V/A/ hend (seize) ^ j^ 
 
 To look up ^M^S '"''' '"' To i.over ^axE 
 
 To leap or jump MK i^^ ''*»' ^'' To desceml ^^ Jn 
 
 To lift up ^^ '""''' To fly away fj^^ f '''■' 
 
 To carry (cliiklren) T'^tT p'o' cliii' A jilay (drama) We hP 
 
 To rest from mAtF Jiil ahii To hope ^^ rnoiig 
 
 To reflect upon i^Q iT <!'«" eliii' 
 
 The verb to rest fiom is applied to the agent and not to the act; e.g., to rest 
 from work is " to cease luith the hand'' hit chu sh.\u .^ '^ •^; to stop rafuhj hit 
 ceil HAU M* 'fj j3 ('"ssi </;e mouth.) 
 
 An affair - — ^J=j^fi[ yni tsung sze" A flagstaff jwi^^ k'i-ion 
 
 A map i-tfe^lH ti'-li'-t'o The legs 1^^^ ^^^^'P^ 
 
 A weight J||, d>iE chHtui\ p'ing An enemy ULJSiv ch'au-tik 
 
 Chfldren (ha- ^l^. '^°^'' Rohhers IS^H ts'ak-/i' 
 
 hies; more generally applied to males) The eyes f}^ ngan' 
 
 In addition to the forms of personal and possessive pronouns already given in 
 previous lessons, there are several substitues in polite colloquial. A person speaking 
 of his own relations uses eitlier a descriptive or depreciatory phrase. Of the former 
 the following are examples. 
 
 My father 
 
 1^11 
 
 iV-ls'ih. 
 
 Do.. 
 
 mi^ 
 
 1-a-fu' 
 
 My elder brother 
 
 m^ 
 
 l')-hiiig 
 
 -My younger (cottage) brother 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ,5Ac'-t,ai' 
 
 Afy wifi- 
 
 ^m 
 
 lo'-p'oh 
 
 Iio. 
 
 ftA 
 
 noi^-yan 
 
 Oo. 
 
 ^'M 
 
 noi*-s/in( 
 
 Ka-f0 ^ ^ can also be used for your father \ sai-lo ^.^ ^ is the 
 every day term used for younger brother ; fu-yan ^ A is the ordinary term for 
 9jour wife. 
 
l.KSSuN XXXY (CON'TINUKU.) 
 
 Delay a little 
 
 Not equal to original eost 
 
 To despise others - 
 
 Do. 
 A rich man - 
 Very well flavoured 
 To eat one's fill 
 To plaj' the organ 
 
 Do. guitar 
 
 Do. fiddle 
 To make a mistake 
 
 Magistrpti' ^S>s[- B sham-3ze'-kna 
 
 Judge ^^^K ^ orC-ch'at-sze 
 
 Money changer <Rc^®f^ chau -i&^m-ld 
 
 Mason •TK/'fCfE iiai-sA««-fo' 
 
 Lady Krfi Vjh sze-nai 
 
 Lawyer ^%^ 
 
 * This is a bastard word. 
 
 chonor'-sr(3 
 
 ii R^^ nil it 
 
 cli'i ti Icotn' noi' 
 
 pg^* 
 
 'm kau" pun 
 
 t^-'SA 
 
 h'lncj fat yan 
 
 m A- A 
 
 l''ai sin yan 
 
 it±m 
 
 ts'oi-c/i'i' '-/()' 
 
 ^P^M 
 
 Im mi^-to^ 
 
 P^HPH 
 
 yai j)aii Jo 
 
 ^f a¥ 
 
 mil fung-k'hn 
 
 2S ^ ** 
 
 t'an p'i-p'a 
 
 5fH^^ 
 
 t'au sa//i-in 
 
 fJf^ 
 
 tso' f'soh'' 
 
 Law clerk 
 
 ^\^M '''-y 
 
 Merchant 
 
 1^ ^ srienn^-yan 
 
 Groom 
 
 M^ ma'-> 
 
 Coolie 
 
 MM* '--« 
 
 Nurse 
 
 5eJ''^ "'-™<^ 
 
 Wct-nur^e) 
 
 ^i(,^ nai'-m« 
 
 ft^-^^lE'- 
 
 ti ku-li p'o hoi-tsz ke 'm 
 
 1 Do those coolies carry ba- 
 
 bies? 
 
 2 They carry the babies of my tHl^lSI^'^^''lE^ •''"-t' P'" "S" ^he-tai ke hoi- 
 
 tsz 
 
 k'ii-ti ki shi ching hit kung 
 
 younger brother -r 
 
 3 At what tune will they rest '(^Ijci^ 
 
 from work ? P/^ ni ? 
 
 4 When did they lock up the "[^1^^ ^^M^ ^ '''"-*' ^' ''^' ^°'' ''" ^° kan uk 
 
 ni? 
 
 house? J^pH 
 
 5 Is he a farmer or fisher- fHl^^ffl f^HI^'l^. '''" ^^ kang-t'in-lo chi loh-ii- 
 man? i^^ ■°"' 
 
 6 He is only a gardener fS'fe^ "OtSBEBq '^'^ ''^' y''' ''^° ^'>'"^°"g che 
 
 7 Have you been to see that -^ ^^I^AJ^IJ^]^^ "" y^" ''" ''*' ""wo ko pan-hi 
 
 play! 
 
 ?^B/g 
 
 mo ni? 
 
;i4 LKiSdN XXXV (CONTINIIFD.) 
 
 to 
 
 )? 
 
 3 Yes, l.ut I matle n mistake; '^, '(0^f2^, ^"^ J""' '^° "§» ^i ts'oli ; ngo hii 
 it was fiiiiiilshed when I ^j ^i #K g^ @1^ ^'" *° '-ki«g tso-un lok 
 
 got there TC^ 
 
 -I Does the excutioner arrest "fS^"^!^ |SK''^Pa^ ^" shat-shau-lo chuk ts'ak ke 
 robbers? ^/^ 'm nl? 
 
 10 Xo; he kills bad men pQ"^' tS^j^ A''!^ 'm chuk ; k'u shat ok-yau ke 
 
 B# Che 
 
 11 He is the Governor's groom IBI^^ItI &''&E'"&7C '''" ^'''' ts'^ng"'"'^ ^^ ma-fu 
 
 12 Did he leave off kicking him ? ^f^ "^^ Bip^;^!^!^ k'ii yau hit keuk t'ek k'u mo 
 
 13 He jumped up v.-ry high fS^^feit?^ '^'" '''" ^^ ^° ^° 
 
 14 Tell him to stop eating '^'H'tS^ P ^ '^'^ '''" ^'' ^*" ^'^'^ 
 
 15 He has not eaten his fill |S'5lC'|^ Ep '^'" ""' ^'"'^ P^^ 
 
 16 Did you insert that in the fS^ Wj^/A.BfS'^&^j^'O "' ^'^" ^°"^ ^^P '^'''*' '"'^ ^° P"" 
 
 book? ■$SP^'T]R/S shiilaimoni? 
 
 17 He cannot lift up that weight f^H^J^f^^P'ti'^ '^'" '" ^^ ^^^ ''' '""" <^h'ung 
 
 18 The fowls all (lew away 10 ''6^I ^ Pj^ 1^ "/^ ^ '*"''' ^^^ ham-pang-lang fi sai hii 
 
 19 Bid him descend at once S^^f'i'lSin^']')^-^ '"""''" '^''' ^'^'^ '^''^ ''^'' ''" 
 
 2fi I hoped you would reflect a ^K gefyj^ W.iMI' blE "S° mong ni seung kwo ha chlng 
 little ^ ho 
 
 21 T'se your pycs more, and stop lH5g.jBRn3j3 1^)?K> f/H P' ^"^ ngan t'ai ha t'im, in-hau 
 
 talking ^U^PP^it^ hit hau mai kong 
 
 22 The lawyer and thf- judge were njEjlfflaJr^jfi it ]ffl^b^^ ko-ko chong-sze kung ko ou-ch'at- 
 
 both there ^ PMlS W^I'IRIIj^ sze leung ko to heung ch'ii 
 
 23 My father was taken before ^c-3c3C'Sx^P'4* B IfB" "8° ka-fu pi lai hii kun-fu 
 
 the magistrate ^S ch'ii 
 
 2i My elder and younger brother ^V^^ yL^N^^^sBFRllS "§" ^^''''"g kung she-tai leung- 
 are both ill S) *ff ko to peng 
 
 25 Don't buy any more of those P§-ftT W[l|^B6^I^'^ '™ ^° ™'" ''°"'' ''™ '"'^ 
 
 26 The merchant gave me this HlS j@ 1% ^'f^'f^Hfej^ ko-ko sheung-yan pi ko ti-li-t'o 
 
 map H^Ij^ll ^'^° "g° 
 
 27 Has he any business (affairs) iS '^3 .^ ^^ 'ftjf k'ii yau «zeyip tso mo ni ? 
 
 to do? ,-^^ 
 
LLSSONS XXXV AND XXXVI 
 
 28 No, he has ceased to do any- ^ot , ^NmtC T'^O iBif 5" '""' '*'" '"' **''''" '" '^° 3ze-kon 
 
 thing ^Pg. lok 
 
 29 TeU the wet nurse to cany U^'f0i^/5^"IF&'^P-l10^ '"" ^° "^i"™'' P'° ^°-^° ''°'- 
 
 that baby -¥" tsz 
 
 30 Some ladies came with him ■^R^^lS |wi ^(fiTTOtR^R y^" ^" *"" sze-nai t'ung k'U loi 
 
 31 How many gentlemen are 'T'fllr, 'h ^^ ^^10 .^^? kam-man yau ki to ko yan-Lak 
 
 coming to-night ? ^j^ 0/3 loi ni ? 
 
 32 I don't know; ask the hoy ^FPa^Prtfl ^a. T+PjjJ ngo 'm chi; man sze-tsai la 
 
 (servant) 
 
 33 It is mong to despise others S^^"^, A'^Po'^^'IJE hing-fat yan hai 'm cheuk ke 
 
 34 He is very rich man, people _/V "jill WS"; |p/(% — " Iffl. yan-ti wa k ii hai yat ko shap-fan 
 
 say + ^ it ± ^It A. '^'"!-'^hu ke yan 
 
 35 He does nothing but play the j|5 "[i ^^Pa '^' '^f^ '''" "^^ '° ™ '^"' ^^^ ''*' ^''"' 
 
 guitar ^^j^S p'i-p'a 
 
 36 I thought he played the fiddle ^ffl^f^^lp.^^ "SO ^u k'ii t'an sam-in 
 
 37 You are mistaken; hedoes nei-'j';;j^'|]g^^Hg', 'fJElpij^'^ "i ku ts'oh lok; k'ii leung yeung 
 
 ther (does not play eitlier) ^[^p^-^'^ to m t'an 
 
 38 Send for an engraver to do that B^ 101^ E f^ffQl'I^H^'J '''" '"' *'"-t-seu"S tso ko-ti la 
 
 39 Is the fruit well flavoured? tftelSl^iI:^^^!^^^^ '^°"'' ^bang-kwo ho mi-to 'm 
 
 40 No, it is not at all well tia- P§-f^' Pa^f^ MB^jM! 'm hai, 'm hai ho mi-to tak 
 
 voured ^ifD^ '^^'' 
 
 LESSON XXXYI. 
 
 Following out the idea explained in the previous lesson, self depreciatory 
 phrases are constantly used by the Chinese in referring to their own relations, 
 designations and possessions. Thus mij wife is expressed by tsin fong ^^ ^ 
 " the mean one within the house ; " tuk fu :J^ ^ " the lonely woman ; " shan ts'ai 
 \\\ ^ " (my) rustic (lit. mountain) u ife." 
 
116 
 
 LESSON- XXXVJ (roNTlNUED.) 
 
 l^ai' uk 
 
 (vile dwelling) 
 
 par Iwuk 
 
 (vile country) 
 
 tsin' siarf 
 
 (mean surname) 
 
 siu-i 
 
 (little child) 
 
 j\ly house fKy ^g 
 
 My counliv fjTO ^ 
 
 My surname H^^ jA 
 
 Son yJN ^ 
 
 It is of course on ceremonious occasions only that such words as are given 
 above are much used. The spefd^er at such times is expected, on the other hand, 
 to use complimentary phrases when alluding to the relations, &c. of the person 
 addressed. Of these examples will be found in the next leston. 
 
 r (■ hold a horse ^SfF0[5'^ /u/i chii" ^'a< ma' To be safe 
 
 To wash one's hands iTC^y' soi' shau To mistake MP^o 
 
 ^« (remember wrongly) 
 
 lean loh 
 ki tsoli 
 
 To puess, tliink, believe i"^ 
 
 Classifiers (continued.) 
 >1. I-'kwj ^ to seal, is applied to letters and despatches. 
 
 32. To J] a. knife, 
 
 '■Yi. Pun ^aS a root, 
 
 oA. T-ij' ^^ a wrapper, 
 
 y5. Po' -pR a class, 
 
 36. P'ut gC to 
 
 unile, 
 
 Will this do? 
 
 It is crrtiunly right 
 
 Who <'aii do it? 
 
 \ot wnl\ done 
 
 Quite done - 
 
 Look I'lr that thius 
 
 Idle talk 
 
 Dnu't get in tliu light 
 
 quires of paper. 
 
 volumes of books, acts of a play, &c. 
 
 sets of books, plays, suits of cloths, &c. 
 
 to single volumes of books (more commonly 
 
 used than pun .) 
 to horses, boards, &c. 
 
 illt Ht \^ ^tIc^/S '!'""' y«""S^ tso- tdk mi' Hi ? 
 iJ&'/iA/k^^^ i)t<-ting' hai' cheuk loh 
 
 111 II I yan ui' tso' «( ? 
 
 rso' U'lk 'm ho 
 
 tsu" 111 sat lok 
 ts'am ko -li ye 
 han t'am s/iut wi^' 
 mok che chii' 
 
 mmfm 
 
 ^jIpJ^b^S? 
 
 Pitbtrvcook 
 
 min' shik s.ie-lu.^ 
 
 Ink stone cover 
 
 Do. WTB/f^^^yv '■^<'\/"''w' shik van Ink stone tr.ay 
 
 ^EoS^tt 'i'3'k-in-^'o'* 
 M'ES^ mak-in-r'un 
 
 Fawnluokcr ^^|^ 
 
 ,, , J 
 tat -6/1 II f. -yan 
 
 Ink stand 
 Ink stone box 
 
 M* 
 
 ')^ 
 
 mak-s/i"i -0.711) 
 mak-in-hap 
 
LESSON XXXVI (continued.) 97 
 
 Newspaper t^^IR san-mM-chi Physician W4 i-shdng 
 
 Pilferer ^^-ffi.^ sam-chek-shau Pirate '/^.^ W-ts'ak 
 
 Do. y.K^ siu-shaa Pleased Wk^S- fun-Jii 
 
 Letter ^.Ig shu-sun'' Very, extremely ^a kik 
 
 1 I shall te very pleased to see ^ S©t^'^^''^M "^° ^^^ ^'^^'^'^ *^°' ngo-ke uk 
 
 you at my house ^fiO^ kin ni 
 
 2 Of what country is that ^(0 1H A 1^ 'li ^ "^ ^°-^° y^" ^^^ "■at kwok ke 
 
 man? ^ ni? 
 
 3 He is a countryman of mine jR'^^F lol H''^y\ ^''^ ^^^ "S° ''nng kwok ke yan 
 
 4 My (humUe) surname is Ho /K jt?p '™' siu sing Ho 
 
 5 Did he bring a letter ? tS^'^^'^^l?^ R/S ^'^ ^^ '^ fung-sun loi mo ni? 
 « Yes ; he gave it to your fa- :^, j ^'f^l^ f^P^ ^ yau ; k'u pi hiu ni ke fu-ts'an 
 
 ther llPg. lok 
 
 7 How many quires of paper fyt'W^E^^ "JJ^^^JCi *" y*"^ ''' ^ *'° ''^' '''' 
 
 have you? 
 
 8 I have no paper, I have six ijKTJ^Ri' -^H _/>' piK ^ > ngo mo chi, yau luk po shu 
 
 volumes of books g* che 
 
 9 Have you seen two plays? f3^05R[^^Pra^^®Ell¥ "' '''^' ^™ leung t'o-hi me? 
 
 10 I saw two plays ; did your ^feHS^I^^PI^ ^^^^ ; "pjt ngo t'ai hiu leung t'o hi ; ni ke 
 
 brother see them ? ^^iJu y^ "n BIr "TT hing-tai yau t'ai mo ? 
 
 11 Will the boy (servant) hold B1B]']H Sf T? TbT ISISK ^S ko-ko sze-tsai hang t'ung ngo hin 
 
 my horse? 'ffi ITCiffipSff/j^ chii p'at ma 'm ni? 
 
 12 Bring the ink and inkstand, tl]^§ J^^^flSi^R' Sc nim mak kung mak-in loi, ngo 
 
 I want to write ^x^il ^T ™ ^^ ^^ 
 
 13 Has the inkstone no box or P|ElT@:ffi;?§,/Tj ^^JB? ^f ko-ko mak-in mo hap wak mo 
 
 cover? ^•'^'^ k'oikeme? 
 
 14 Yes; they are on the ink- y^, "fffl A^PMS^^,^ y^'ii ko-tik hai mak-in-p'un 
 
 stone tray [^ lai 
 
 15 That is a foreign inkstand ; I UfQ'f^'j^^^l'^SyffC '^°-^° ^^ ^°'''° ^^ mak-shui-ang ; 
 
 want an inkstone ^^ ; ^^^S]^ "^o in ko mak-in 
 
 16 I am going to write two let- ^^^B "^^C/^ Pl^^il "^° ii-kam iu se leung fung- 
 
 ters now * -(g sun 
 
98 LESSON XXXVl (CONTlNUKr).) 
 
 17 The pilot is on board tlie sliip '(^'^^[fC^lft^J^I^ ko fcii-sliui-yan !iai shun iai 
 
 18 Do they not fear pirates? f ^U^ffiP^-f ^^Mff^ k'ii-ti 'm p'a hoi-ts'ak me ? 
 
 19 The police seized the pil- tjfBfi^^-^tS'MI fffl/J'^ 1^°-'' ch'ai-yik chuk to ko sia- 
 
 ferer ■^P' shau 
 
 20 This man is very ill ; call a R/j^ltS ^ wST^T^a J '^'"'"^ y^° P™S 8hap-fan chung; 
 
 doctor gm iH g'^Ff^CTlJ ts'iiig ko i-shang lai la 
 
 21 Take these things to the ^^5^H6tj^-^1S ^ ^ ni"g ni-t' ?« ''" ^° tong-p'o-lo 
 
 pawnbroker V&^Si. "^'^ 
 
 22 Does the pastrycook make ttlSl@:00'^BFlJ'fi?f'^^g ko-ko mio-shik-sze-fu ui ching 
 
 cakes? pjfPav'u peng'mni? 
 
 23 Look for that book of mine 2^^g ^PSF 3^^? ts'am-cheuk ngo ke pun shii 
 
 2-t Hang those clothes up for ^ ^•^r^BftfBlHj^ t'ung "go kwa-hi ko-ti i- 
 
 me ^^ fijk 
 
 25 Let me {lit. wait till I) wash ^^^ P/^l^^lTp* tang ngo tsoi ni-ch'u sai ha tui 
 
 my hands here ^£T ^-* shau 
 
 26 Does the bookseller sell many PIh] |@ ^J^^f^ ^jtj:^ ko-ko mai-shii-lo mai ho to 
 
 books? ^B'ljdp shii me? 
 
 27 He has only sold one volume t^-™'^^ Wl^ /3S0S k'u tuk 1™ mai hiu yat pun che 
 
 28 Don't get in the Mght; I want |J)j^^/[^[}|Qt)6^-^; ^ mai che chu ko tikwong; ngo 
 
 to read (aloud) ^^BS^a iu tuk shii 
 
 29 What do you want to write ? '\^^'^Jh ® fl/^ ui iu se niat-ye ni ? 
 
 30 He doesn't want to write any- 'B.ffi"fB^jp§''M^ mat-ye k'ii to 'm seuiiy se 
 
 thing 
 
 31 Is that affair quite finished ? pfQ -^fc 4f Pj^'S^ln ^1 ^° '''" ^^«* ham-pang-lang tin Iiiu 
 
 32 It is not yet finished ^ ^ ^ nii ts'ang iin 
 
 33 It should have been finished ^ Q i^Pl^fS^^''^ tsok-yat ying-koi fso-un ke 
 
 yesterday pSiJ la 
 
 M It is finished, hut it is not f^^P^; 'M f^Po''^ tso-iin lok, tan hai 'm tso tak 
 
 well done "ro^ itj ''" 
 
 35 Can any man do it well? yfS ^l ffj Oj! Imf f^^f J'**" y^^ ^°'' '^" ^''^ ^° '™ 
 
 papjg ni? 
 
 36 You had bctti-r go and ;isk f'J^-^^llKMB^ "' hf man ha ho cht 
 
LESSONS XXXVl AND XXXVII. 99 
 
 37 This is ray liorse ; that is HISITC M'j^ ^P^, tflfel ni p'at ma hai ngo-lte ; ko p'at 
 
 your mare ffi .^ t^ i^ t5> flE '"''-"'' ^"^ "'-''« 
 
 38 Have you many of that -^ §^t?^fi^'i^''i5E "' y''" ''° '° '^'"" yeung ke 
 
 sort? P^ me? 
 
 39 Don't make so many mistakes p)|t^ ®Ptl" ^^ "^^^ "^''"S ^^"h kora to cha 
 
 40 Come and stay in my house ^ ; ^ ^ j^ § f^ll^l] loi ; hii ngo kan uk chu la 
 
 LESSON XXXVII. 
 
 To hoist (as a flag) 
 
 y±m 
 
 ch'e hi 
 
 To lead forth 
 
 W\H 
 
 tai ch'ut 
 
 To roll up 
 
 mm 
 
 hull hi 
 
 To discourse 
 
 mm 
 
 koTiff ch'ut 
 
 To run 
 
 ^m 
 
 tsau hi 
 
 To pour out 
 
 mm 
 
 to ch'ut 
 
 To pursue 
 
 mm 
 
 Icon hi 
 
 Do. 
 
 mm 
 
 chain ch'i't 
 
 To write out 
 
 mm 
 
 se ch'ul 
 
 To write on 
 
 Mii 
 
 se chii* 
 
 To invent 
 
 mm 
 
 seung ch'ut 
 
 To enter 
 
 A* 
 
 yap hii^ 
 
 To divulge 
 
 M\i 
 
 lo' ch'ut 
 
 
 
 
 The synonyms for "your" when addressing superiors, or equals when one 
 desires to be ceremonious, are : ling -^ excellent, kwai ■& honourable, fong ^ 
 fragrant, and KO Jgt lofty. 
 
 Your surname 
 Your age 
 Your pre-narae 
 Your name 
 Your country 
 
 r^ 
 
 m. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Z/jii 
 
 ho sing' 
 
 Your mother 
 
 ^#^ 
 
 ling*-3hau*-t'ong 
 
 hwat hang 
 
 Your father 
 
 ^¥ 
 
 ling'-teiira 
 
 fong ming 
 
 Your son 
 
 ^Kli 
 
 ling'-long 
 
 tai' ho> 
 
 Your daughter 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ling^-oi^ 
 
 Icwai' hwoh 
 
 Your wife 
 
 ^TF 
 
 ling'-cfe'ii^'* 
 
 The demonstrative pronouns this and that have been given in earlier lessons. 
 As the student will have noticed the ti Q^ and ko tijfe] of ko-ti [MQ D^^ ni-ti |I|S 
 ^^f\ Ni-KO ^/^ iffl, &c., are often replaced by the classifier when a noun is speci- 
 fied; e.g., he entered that shop K'ij tap ko kan p'o-t'au f^ A^JS ^ ^ §^' 
 
100 
 
 LESSON XXXVII (continued.) 
 
 Take it easy 
 A ferry boat - 
 To be thirsty 
 To fly a kite 
 A sudden sliower - 
 To blow heavily 
 Too low 
 Too high 
 Too far - 
 
 Open the umbrella 
 At that time 
 It is raining 
 
 Silversmith ^§^$f^fi| f«'-ngan-s,-e-fu' 
 
 Do. g MiplS. shau -shik-tseang 
 
 Shoemaker '^^Slftl^ tso'-hai-s.-e-fu' 
 ^3 r l-^^ /iora-mun-^?'ra^ 
 
 m± 
 m^ 
 M± 
 
 M^ 
 ^^ 
 
 Porter 
 Scholar 
 Do. (classical) 
 Shopkeeper 
 
 Do. 
 Policeman 
 Do. 
 
 hok-sAart^ 
 hok-cAe' 
 
 p^o'-ka 
 
 cA'[7(-yik 
 
 luk-i [lit. green coat) 
 
 wmm 
 
 Priest (Buddhist) 5fiP {M woTi-slienng' 
 
 •w^ -^p* shui-shau 
 
 ^ 1^ pa^t'ung- 
 
 flS /I pdt-shin^ 
 
 Mi ch%ng' 
 
 1^ JrJ li-^a^t^r' 
 
 "wang-sAwi -to-^ 
 
 Jong" chi -iu 
 pak-chong-ii 
 
 ai t&h-ts&\' 
 Ico (d^-tsai^ 
 iia id^-tsar 
 hoi eke la 
 ho chan' shi 
 lok ii' loh 
 
 v^M^^i^'m: 
 
 1 What is your father's age this -^ ^, -4k S^ 
 
 year? ^ 
 
 2 What is your son's name ? -^ 
 
 3 My son's name is A-ohSn ^J^'^B^^^Ss^ 
 
 4 Are your son and daughter ^^|32^'^^^P§ 
 
 coming? 5J^B^ 
 
 6 Did you pour out that tea ? 'j^ f:^^ ^ HI '^^\ 
 6 He has written many charac- 'fE ^^- f^ -ftf ^^ 
 
 ters on it UlS 
 
 Priest (Tauist) 
 Sailor 
 Pencil rest 
 Pencil cover 
 Pencil cup 
 Scales 
 To weigh 
 Scales (for small 
 money) 
 
 f ^fr ling-tsiin kam-niu kwai kang 
 
 niy 
 ling-long kia mat tai ho a? 
 sui-i kiu tso A-chan 
 ling-long k'ap ling-oi loi 'm loi 
 ni? 
 P hai ni oham-oh'ut ko-ti ch'a me ? 
 k'ii se hiu ho to ko tsz hai 
 ch'ii 
 
 7 Did he write out the 
 whole ? 
 
 p£^5/g mhaini? 
 
LESSON XXXVII (continued.) 101 
 
 8 Wliy did they not roll up •j|| "j^ ^f § MPrt'^ ^ wai-m&t-sze k'u-ti 'm kun-hi ko 
 
 the map? "t^Mil® ''-*'"? 
 
 9 They had nm fast JS'^ ^ t'^'itf '|^ ^'^'^ '^^" *^'' ^° ^" 
 
 10 Let them enter if they tS^tS ^ 1^ »® A ^ k 'ii-ti y euk hai senng yap yaa 
 
 wish ^tSR^'J ^^^ ^'^ 'a 
 
 11 Wlio invented that chair? "j^g^!^ tt|''I^5M>|^'^™&t-sliui seung-ch'ut ko cheung 
 
 1^^ iyeunglaini? 
 
 12 He discoursed with all of them f^J^f^lrftfe'^^^l^ k'u t'uug k'u-ti taichung kong-lun 
 
 13 Did the General lead the tljS'f0i|^^'r^ft(0tl^ ko-ko tseung-kwan tai ko-ti ping 
 
 soldiers? ^^mlHp ch'utme? 
 
 14 Do you think that man is a fmfartpI'lH /\'^ 51^'^* "' ^" ko-ko yan hai shui-shau 'm 
 
 sailor? Pa'^'^iS ''^'"^ 
 
 15 What did he say when he jg ^"^ H^ ^ "^ 1^^ ^'^ "^ °' *^ ^^^ mat-ye kong 
 
 saw you ? }^ ni ? 
 
 16 He said : What is your name |g ^ '^ ^ ^ -^ k'ii mSn : ni tsun-sing fong- 
 
 and pre-name ? ^Z ming ? 
 
 1 7 Did he ask your age ? 'jg ^ ^ ■^■^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ k 'ii yau man ni tsUn-kang mo ni ? 
 
 18 No ; he said, is your father in Pq, f gjj |y>"il!L P W '^° ' ^'^ ^* °' ^'^ ling-tsun tsoi 
 
 Hong-kong? -ff^j^P^'B'S Heung-kong 'm ni ? 
 
 19 Has the shoemaker repaired BJPl'fQ'^^f^W^^ '^o-'^o tso-hai-lo sau-ching-ho tui 
 
 the shoes ? ^^Po ^ ^^ '"" *s'ang ? 
 
 20 Yes ; (he has repaired them) ^^^|l§- i tH^^ ^ sau-ching-ho lok ; k'ii pi chiin 
 
 he gave them to the shop- iJw lIS IW^M ^^° ^° ^^^ P'o- 
 
 keeper ^^1^ t'au-lo 
 
 21 T^Tiat does the silversmith Pf^fQfT^^Siil'^'li ^°-^° 'a-ngan-sze-fii tso mat- 
 
 do? ^^M y^"^' 
 
 22 He works in gold and silver tS^^^ fT^"^ ^'" '* ''^ '^'^P ** °6^° ''s 
 
 23 lam going to write; put the ^^^i^'j^^, ^^^'f^ ngo tsau iu se tsz ; fonghokopat- 
 
 penoil-cup, rest, and cover ^^> ^^^s^ sing, pat-ka kung pat-t'ung 
 
 all here "j^ — • — '^^^^ yat yat tsoi ni-ch'u 
 
 24 What sort of paper is that? BjQlI^^'j^ fei^lK^ ^"'^ ^^ mat-ye ohi ni? 
 
 25 It is English paper ; it is very ^ ^^''i^Elft ' "H^ *'*' Ying-kwok ke chi ; shap-fan 
 
 dear -&A»f kwai tik 
 
102 LESSON XXXVll (CUNTINUF.b ) ^ 
 
 2G Do you vveigli meat in tl.tie "f^ ^ ^^^^I^ ''^ "' P' '''"-P'>"g el^'ing y'^'' ^e 
 scales? D^ me? 
 
 27 No ; I use small scales to pS -j^^ ^ Mffi^^ '™ ^^'' "S° ^""2 li-tang ch'ing 
 
 weigh dollars ^^ ngan 
 
 28 Go and call a policemen '^''^iHst^J^l^ ^^ ^^ ^° •''^'^''y''^ '°* 
 
 29 Do you want to arrest the T^^'^C'Bi I0^"r l 'St "' '" ^^' '^^ hon-mun-kung 
 
 porter ? (ffi me ? 
 
 30 What is that Buddhist priest flj^'j^^ j^ P|^ ^ f^ "ii '^°"''° woh-sheung hai ch'u tso 
 
 doing there? Sf'i|/S mat-ye nl? 
 
 31 He is not a Buddhist; he is a iRpS'f^^^PlpJi T^ \Wi ^''^ '^ ^^ woh-sheung; hai to- 
 
 Tauist priest — I- 0^ sze che 
 
 32 Yon have pnt those flowers 'f>5»'fetlj'fi]n6'\J'?£^'f^ "^ ehai ko-ti fa ko tak tsai 
 
 too high BvM 
 
 33 Are you going to Kow-loong T/5>'4^ □ 'i'y^ Hb'^k "^ kam-yat hii Kau-lung hai 
 
 to-day? Pa're'^ 'mhaini? 
 
 34 No, it is too far; I am going P^-f^, jM.'f^'®! S^ ^ '™ '"'''' "° '^'^ *^^'' "S° ming- 
 
 to-moiTow H ||-. -^ yat ching hii 
 
 35 Do you go by the ferry boat? f/J\^^'(TO>!l'Ci@'^'tI^ •" '*P wang-shui-to hii me? 
 
 36 Yes ; if it does not rain I 'jS, ^ f^Prt"]^ Mf J^ ^^' ^^"^ ^^ '™ ^°'' " '^'^'^ ^^ 
 
 shall go iP^ lo'^ 
 
 37 You had better take an um- f5^^ jCjJ^-^^0^ i' '''i pa-che hu ho che 
 
 brella with you 
 
 38 Give this to your mother |^ ^f^^^H^^f^^^"!^ *'""§ "S° pi "'"'i kwo ni ke ling- 
 
 from me "^^^ shau-tong 
 
 39 Did he fly that kite tSSSl[I|^1@i^i|^^ ^'^ '""g ^°-^° <=^-™ f°°g '^"^ 
 
 high? ^P§^ ko'mni? 
 
 40 No, a sudden shower come ou p5- ^ ^ ^ g^^ • |^ 'm hai ko tak che, yat ohan pakf- 
 
 and he went away Q -|£M^' tB^ chong -ii loi, k'u tsau 
 
 ^P^ bli )ok 
 
LESSON XXXVIII. 
 
 103 
 
 LESSON XXXVllI. 
 
 To revive 
 
 m^ 
 
 Jan shdng 
 
 To scheme, plan 
 
 mm 
 
 ck^ut l^-oi 
 
 To return 
 
 mi 
 
 Jan hil'^ 
 
 To be surprised 
 
 tu^ 
 
 c/»'M(-k'i 
 
 To pass over 
 
 Mi 
 
 kwo" hie" 
 
 To take a walk 
 
 mm 
 
 ch'ut kai 
 
 The relative pronoun is in Cantonese expressed by the insertion of the particle 
 KE P^ after the relative phrase ; e.g., those who study this are good men, is, literally, 
 "study this-KE (P^) are good men," hok ni-ti ke hai ho tan ^ tJ/§, H^ Plit ^^ 
 jj^ /^. The house I was born in was built long since, ngo ch'ut shai ko kan uk 
 
 HAI HI HIU HO KAU KE LOK ^ i±j j^I pff f^ M H ^ ^ ^tj" ^ "lE ^- The 
 
 men I require are these, ngo shai ko-ti tan hai ni-ti ke lok ^ 'ffi^ ffltl I]§f] A 
 The reflective pronouns self, selves, are expressed by tsz-ki ET p , and Tsz- 
 
 KAg^. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Himself 
 
 fgga 
 
 k'ii'-tsz"-ij' 
 
 Eacli other, one 
 
 i't' 
 
 t>'i 
 
 Do. 
 
 g^ 
 
 tsz'-iffi 
 
 auotlier 
 
 n 
 
 mui 
 
 Self, oneself 
 
 ia 
 
 tsz'-ii 
 
 Mutual 
 
 m 
 
 seuvg 
 
 Classifiers (continued.) 
 37. Ha' |fK a time, awhile, is applied to blows with a hand or stick ; (sinfeo?!e5fo«t».' 
 
 TA TAT HA SHAU ij^ 'ITK^O 
 
 38. Ch'-iirC ^ to connect, ,, 
 
 39. Shing' ^ to ride, „ 
 
 40. T'-iit H§J a pattern, ,, 
 
 41. Kit Hy^ a share, proportion, „ 
 
 42. Kuk ^n a chessboard square, „ 
 
 things strung together such as beads, &c. 
 to chairs (sedans) and carriages (ting JM, 
 
 is also used for sedan chairs.) 
 suits of clothes. 
 
 heads of an essay, shares in business, 
 games of chess and chess boards. 
 
 It must be understood by the student that the meanings placed against the 
 classifiers are in many cases but some of several significations attached to the 
 characters, which are not only classifiers but independent words. 
 
 tG ''J' "^E \\ pi pa -shau -chii! mun-hau' 
 
 1^ ^ ^ 1^ /«'-'** *'' '»' 
 
 Mind your own business 
 
 To guard tiie door 
 
 To get on (in life) g^ j^ ^m r-m. 
 
 Sit still - - - 1^ f^ ^ "^ tsjng'-tsing" tso" lok 
 
104 
 
 LESSON xxxvin (continued.) 
 
 Suddenly 
 
 All given away 
 
 Very clever 
 
 A good speculation 
 
 To count on an abacus 
 
 Fine flavoured 
 
 Much better 
 
 Counted wrongly 
 
 Hook it up 
 
 To go to the (mountain) peak 
 
 Go first 
 
 Umbrella-maker TClf J^pljj'ffi- tso'-cAe-sse-fu" 
 Watchmaker ^S^S 3[]j jK ching-piu-sze-bC 
 
 l^'^MK sai'-i-fuk-yan 
 
 ^r ^fl^i 9b "^°'" -fo-i-sha nrj 
 
 ^3 i^ ^^-fong-Zo' 
 
 pTj -^ y^ yaii'-tsz'-yaa 
 
 ^3 En jVT hon-lcdng-lo 
 
 Jg 1^ MK^-lin' 
 
 1 These are the men who do it ^ ^)^^^ A-l^"^ '"'' °'"'' y^° ''" ke 
 
 2 Did they do it themselves ? -j^ jg5^ Q Q '^"ttf^ '"" '^'"-'' '«^-'^' '^° ''^ '"'' "* 
 
 3 Did he strike you a blow ? '[S'JTf^ 'I^T*'^ '''" '^^ °i ?** 1"* "^ ■'' 
 
 4 They stniok one another J^flffiST^T k'ii-ti tui ta 
 
 5 Are these what you wanted ? ^B^-j'^ \^ '^^^^^ ni-ti hai ni iu hiu ke me ? 
 
 6 Those who did so are bad men TOf^ffii'^R^^ j^P^jtf yV *^° kom-yeung ke hai m ho yan 
 
 7 Were those the tailor's nfQll^t'j^^iM'^''iti(!c '^°-^' '^^ ts'oi-fung-lo ke i-fuk 
 
 clothes? ^^M^ ^°^'^ 
 
 8 Did the printer print these B'bfl'U^^'^TlHj IHpD'Jr' "'"*' ^^"^ ^^ ko-ko yan-tsz-yan 
 
 books ? ^ f pi'lt!^ y*° ^^ "^ "^ 
 
 9 At what hour did the washer- S& ^ p4 ^stJlBl'lH ^/fe -jDC '^^"'° ''''" chung ko-ko sai-i-fuk-io 
 
 man bring these clothes ? ^ f^t"^ ^"t^ j!c 
 
 Tinsmith 
 Washerman 
 Surgeon 
 Weaver 
 Printer 
 Watchman 
 Do. 
 
 m^n 
 
 fat-'m-k(tn 
 
 
 M^f^ 
 
 p'ai sal lok 
 
 
 ^^# 
 
 ho shau -shaC 
 
 nn% 
 
 ho ta sUtC 
 
 
 ti%m 
 
 td «M»"-p'un 
 
 
 mm^ 
 
 ho tsz mi^ 
 
 
 m'ikM 
 
 iit/a( ho 
 
 
 itpg® 
 
 IcaC 'm chdn 
 
 
 i^^pt 
 
 loM hi lai 
 
 
 ±iijTi 
 
 sheung' shan 
 
 -teng 
 
 ^* 
 
 sin hil^ 
 
 
 Pen (quill) 
 
 m^m 
 
 ngo-mo-pdi 
 
 i" Slate pencil 
 
 ^m 
 
 shek-pdt 
 
 Pen-knife 
 
 TJif 
 
 to-tsai 
 
 Queen 
 
 MJs 
 
 wong-hau^ 
 
 1 Soldier 
 
 ^A 
 
 ping-yaxx 
 
 Table boy 
 
 *f? 
 
 sze'-tea* 
 
 Do. 
 
 #f? 
 
 shr-foaa 
 
 Thief 
 
 Mf? 
 
 ts'ak-^ae' 
 
 nim ni-ti i-fuk lai 
 ke ni? 
 
MssoN xxxyiii (continued.) 105: 
 
 \0 Are they mutual frienas ? fSiMl^ ffi ^^ ^ '^'""'' ^^ ^^™S ho pang-yau 'm 
 
 11 Did tlie watchmaker mend tf^'f^^^f^^^tf 'O k"-'™ olung-piu-lo cMog ho ko 
 
 the watch ? ^^''^'Ep P™ ke me ? 
 
 12 The soldier came in a chair fffQ j]§:^ ^^Jj^Pf^ ko-ko ping tso kia loi k« 
 
 13 Where did you put that peu- |/i|\i^^tl|0?M '7jf?9^'5 "' '^^^ ^° oheung to-tsaiktmg 
 
 knife and slate pencil ? ^pPfei^l^ ehek-pat hai pin-ch'ii ? 
 
 14 The teacher teUs me be is a. P|0-(|^ ^'^fS^ ^' tS ^°'^^° sia-shang wa ngo clii, k'il 
 
 thieJ' I^Kf? hai ts'ak-tsai 
 
 15 Does the watohmaa want to Rmj jS^" J^|^'^-^^* ko-ko hon-kang-lo hai iu bii 
 
 go away? I^F me? 
 
 16 He says he will crai;ainly kill fRWo f^^^^^^X ^u ^'" ''^ ^''^ shi-pit sliat-sze tsz- 
 
 himself ^ S ^' 
 
 17 They did it themselves fEl^ S S'^''^ '^'""*' ^^'^^ '^° ^^ 
 
 18 Those who make this are ^^R^S^t^^i^l^^^llj cUng ni-ti ke hai ohik-po- 
 
 weavers il yan 
 
 19 Tell the tinsmith to mend R^'M fT^^^ijJ'fS ifll ^ ^^i" '^° 'a-sek-sze-fu t'ung ngo po. 
 
 this for me 
 
 mmn 
 
 ho k'il 
 
 20 Are those the things you want Qj^ ifivj^'j^ f^J^^^i 
 
 ko-ti ye hai ni in po ke 
 
 mended ? 
 
 °i^# 
 
 me? 
 
 21 The Queen is unwell I 
 
 mm-^Bm^ 
 
 ngo man tak ke Wong-hau 'm 
 
 hear 
 
 m 
 
 tsz-ia 
 
 22 Send your hoy to call a 
 
 mi^^mff^^m 
 
 sai ni ke sze-tsai hii ts'ing ko 
 
 surgeon 
 
 m^^4'm 
 
 ngoi-fo-sin-shang lai 
 
 23 Do yon think that is a good 
 
 i^^i^mmimn% 
 
 ni ku ko-ti hai ho ta siin 'm 
 
 speculation f 
 
 pg^js 
 
 ni? 
 
 24 I have'nt counted it up (on ^© ^C"^ •fT'.^^^^ttlr "°° ™^ ts'ang ta siin-p'un chi 
 
 the abacus) yet 
 
 25 Try again; he has counted it ^j^, fM^i^f^ '^" ^'"°' '''" *"'' '^'°^ ^™ 
 
 wrongly P^ lok 
 
 26 Sit still there and don't move ^ ^l{0 ^^Prt^'^l^ ^^° ^°° ^°-<''^'^ '™ ^° T^'^ 
 
 27 Is this the peu you sent B^^^i^ f^^^* W^ ^ "'^' ^^* ^"'' ™ "^'^ '^' ^^ ^^ 
 
 for? 9^i^ me? 
 
106 LESSON XXXVIII (continued.) 
 
 28 He won't get on in Ufe that f^P_^ ^Pa ^jSt^ ^'^ ^°'°^ ^^""^ '^ '^*''^* ^^ 
 
 ■way P|^ ke 
 
 29 Have yon ever been up to '(O^-^ _t. )M) LU T§ TI '^' ^'''" slieung kwo shan-teng rao 
 
 the peak? Pj^ ni? 
 
 30 Mind your own business and ^ETjx EI Pi fsf^* aP^'n ' '' ^^ tsz-ki ke sze pa lok, 
 
 go away JipgllJ hu la 
 
 81 Why do you send away me ■^^ -h, f^j^, f^ ^ Pjjt Wt 'W^-"'^' ^^ fat-in-kan kom tsaa 
 so suddenly ? '^J ^ ^ :^ OR ta-fat ngo hu ni ? 
 
 32 He was killed; they could not "fg (^ ^ ^ ^£ P^, "[g k'u pi yan shat sze hiu; k'ii-ti 
 
 revive hhn Pjjjj ^ |^ 1^3 4 f'^ IE pa* na>'S fan-shang tak k'ij 
 
 33 Do you think he wiU return? f^tf^fll^l^P^-l^^ ni ku k'ii fan lai 'm ni ? 
 
 31 It is very uncertain. If he does "T*'^^Pt3'f^.^' ya'n' s^^P-*^" '™ ^^ *™gi y^uk haik'ij 
 
 I shall he surprised ISl^l^^^ M^^i ^^ ^^ '^°° ^^'^ k'i-kwai 
 
 .^P^ lok 
 
 35 That plan is not a very good Bf0 ^If PS'^ "1^:^ ^° *'''^ ^'^ '™ ^^^ shap-fan 
 
 one M^^ ^° ^^ 
 
 86 He is a very clever (handi- lE-^^ — 'j®"i^^5*i{]r'^ ^'" ^''' ^^^ ^^ ^'^"P"*'™ ^° ^^^^' 
 
 crafts) man ^J''f^ h^ shai-ke yan 
 
 37 I think I shall go and take ^ 'M"i''{©tTPT' J-E "^° ^^™° '^" ''^' '"'°° ^'^ '^^"^ 
 a walk ^ tak 
 
 3S Shall you pass over that f^P^'ffBy^l^^'S' "" ^'^ ^° ™ ^'™ ^^° ^° ™^ '^ 
 
 bridge? P^ 
 
 39 I do not know ; I am not ^Pa"^ ' ^Pa^^^ ngo 'm chi ; ngo 'm hu ki iin 
 
 going far M^^ '^^^ 
 
 40 Take that pen and write what ->J^i}|^/]'^^|^, fl?^^ 1^ "™ ^° '^^'^ P^' '^'' "^^^^ "S° ^"™ 
 
 I tell you Wt^^WiMM^M'i ''^ ™ *'^° ^""^ '^ '^ 
 
LESSON XXXIX. 
 
 lor 
 
 LESSON XXXIX. 
 
 To run away 
 
 ^* 
 
 tsaii -Jiil^ 
 
 To make money 
 
 m^ 
 
 chan'-loi 
 
 To let go 
 
 ^* 
 
 foiiff^-hii'' 
 
 To row (a boat) 
 
 w^ 
 
 chau*-loi 
 
 To Hll up 
 
 mm 
 
 t'in-mai 
 
 To pluck 
 
 m^ 
 
 chak-loi 
 
 To wrap up 
 
 ^m 
 
 ^att-mai 
 
 To dress 
 
 ^# 
 
 te'-pan' 
 
 To keep 
 
 mm 
 
 c/iffij-mai 
 
 To reward 
 
 frn 
 
 ta'-sheun^ 
 
 To put away 
 
 mm 
 
 ^ai'-mai 
 
 To despatch 
 
 itrm 
 
 to! -fat 
 
 To level 
 
 ^¥ 
 
 kwat-p'ing 
 
 To break 
 
 trm 
 
 ta'-lan" 
 
 The force of mai j^ as a verbal compound is generally that of up, into, with 
 or at, while in other cases it simply means a past or completed action (see Williams 
 Cant. Dlo. ch. mai i^.) That of Hij ^ and LOi ^ is sufficiently evident from 
 their colloquial meanings. Ta ^ denotes action and (while the others follow) 
 always precedes the verb with which it is compounded. 
 
 A blanket 
 A hole 
 Messenger 
 Official do. 
 
 -mi 
 
 yat cJiRimg chin 
 yat ko' hung 
 \oi-sze' 
 kung-sze' 
 
 An ornament 
 (in a room) 
 Fruit 
 A MU 
 
 Ili 
 
 mC-hi' 
 
 thdiig-hisoli 
 shan 
 
 Do you lira here ? 
 
 It goes too fast (as a clock) 
 
 Do. slow do. 
 Three o'clock 
 
 Past half past three o'clock 
 Past three o'clock 
 A mistaken affair - 
 It is just so - 
 He is not in - 
 Four hours . - - 
 Two hours 
 
 Do. ... 
 
 f!5» -j^b B^ iS {^t fl^ °'' '^°'' 'li-o'ka' chu- me? 
 
 
 
 hang tdi shat shau fa!' 
 
 ,) >! >» ,; ™^»' 
 Sam tlm chung 
 sam tint puTi' hwo' chung 
 sam dm hoo'' chung 
 yat tsung ng^ sze* 
 tsau' hai' horn yeung* 
 k'ii' 'm tsoi^ ch'v,'' 
 leung' ho' shi-shau 
 yat ho' shi-shaa 
 leung iim chung 
 
10ft 
 
 LESiO^■ TiXXiS. IC'iA'TI-ft fD./ 
 
 Gone out 
 
 It rains - 
 
 It rains hard 
 
 It (the clock) does not go 
 
 mm 
 p§tt 
 
 lok a' 
 lok tai* ii' 
 'm Lang 
 
 Feather-brash 
 
 Candlestick 
 
 Snuffers 
 
 Footstool 
 
 Fender 
 
 Flowers, a bunch 
 
 of (nosegay) 
 Flower vase '^ jfj[, 
 
 Screen (five) >J<^ -^ 
 
 Fire place W^ Jm 
 
 1 He let it go and ran away 
 
 ^iijS lai«/.«,C-t'oi 
 # ■'.'^ M 1^'P '■/."^-'^<'« 
 
 ■ ^^ ^ 2"*' k'au/a 
 
 Screen (folding) 
 
 Lamp shade 
 
 Mirror frame 
 
 Chair cushion 
 
 Carpet 
 
 Fan 
 
 Shovel 
 
 Picture 
 
 Screen 
 
 
 /«-p'eng 
 yb/i -cAe 
 /oA'-1o 
 
 2 Will he not lend it to you? fgP^"^ fsMf^U^ 
 
 3 He fiUed up the whole tgtja^||g|Pj^^7^^ 
 
 4 He wrapped it up hi a blanket f g (^ i^ Ife "S^M f S 
 
 5 Put the lampsliade on tlie 
 
 lamp 
 C Are you foud of pictures ? 
 
 7 Put away that screen 
 
 8 Where do you keep the 
 
 shovel ? 
 
 9 It is in the fender 
 
 wai-p nig 
 tang-okau" 
 
 tsu*-yiik 
 t\^-chin 
 pa -shin' 
 ch^an 
 wa^ 
 
 
 m 
 
 k'ii fong k'a hu tsau tsan hia 
 k'ii 'm hang tse kwo ni me? 
 k'ii t'in-mai sai ham-pang-lang- 
 k'ii pi cheung-chiii pan-mai k'ii 
 chai ko t^jUg-chau tsoi ko chaii- 
 
 tang lai 
 ni ho chung-i wa me ? 
 pai-mai ko-ko wai-p'ing 
 
 ■^i^-^MfS^Pi^^lS "' chai-mai ko chan hai pin-ch'u 
 
 ^ Hi? 
 
 ^^iMHSfSi^ ''°' fo-lo-wai ko-ch'u 
 
 10 Is that a fire screen or a fold- BfQfl^f^ I^'Mj^H ^ ^'^'^° ^''' f°h-lo-ohe ohi wai-p'ing 
 
 ^% ni? 
 
 /p-^. kwo 
 
 f^^''i^lT^H$Pif ^IB °' ''° *^'" '''"''" ''^ shu-kon 
 #^ fanloi? 
 
 ngo ku ko-ko loi-sze chan ts'iB 
 che 
 
 ing screen ? 
 
 11 Tell them not to pluck the 
 
 fi:uit 
 
 12 When did your son return 
 
 from school ? 
 
 13 I think that messenger mikes ^ (c?lil|Sf@ ^W'- 
 
 money @0^ 
 
LESSON xxxix (oontinved) 109 
 
 14 Who were rowing iu the boat ? -(i, f^ f.^ !|S^ mat-shui ohau t'eng a ? 
 
 15 Two men and one women Km ™ S ^ — ' |S ^T/V "^""8 ^° nam-yan yat ko nii-yan 
 
 were rowing TH, ohau 
 
 16 Did she dress tlie child ? tH Wfl'-I^^ M'^ffll^ ^'^ ^^^ ta-pan ko sai-man-tsai 
 
 i'f^^H moni? 
 
 17 Send some men to go and ISE^Ha .^'4*'r^l§) ''^^' '' y" ''" "''■'"S *hii 
 
 plant trees 
 
 18 Put the candlestick on the '^^/TxSlMi'/^i'Si SfS "^''^ "^ lap-ohuk-t'oi tsoi t'oi 
 
 table jffi[1 min 
 
 19 Don't break that fan H^lt^el^SitfQffiii^ ™'^' ching-lan ko pa-sbin 
 
 20 I have a large bunch of flowers Jp -Q yC^^K l-fe BEllS f-ti ^^° ^^^ *''' ^'sltx fa tsoi ko fa- 
 
 in the vaso IfJli^^ P'^'S 1^ 
 
 21 Is that an ornament near the 2fr yCio^Sl /^^lilB] ® rai^ '^^" fo-lo-wai ch'u ko-ko hai un- 
 
 fire-pl ace ? Kr §§; j^ hi moh ? 
 
 22 No, it is a very pretty feather flE. js< ^ /<< — — 'iSj r^^y* 'm hai, hai yat ko shap-fan tsing- 
 
 brush 5^ 1^ "i^t % t^ chi ke mo-so 
 
 23 Why have you no carpet in T^ -^l f/J\l'§^ ^-TJ jiu wai-mat ni ke fong mo ti-chin 
 
 your room? Bnfyc. "'^ 
 
 24 1 don't make money enough 5p pft -S; 04 ^g [^S ^ Cfe ngo 'm tak kau ngan !ai mai 
 
 to buy a carpet Mjl^j cheung ti-chin 
 
 25 He despatched ten men to |R tT 5a T" IH yV'S* '''" *'^~^^^ *hap ko yan hii pong 
 
 help him ^ J||fj f g choh k 'ii 
 
 26 1 want to have that hill leveUed ^ ^ -^ ^i^ "O | _L| ngo iu kwat p'ing ko-ko shan 
 
 27 What's o'clock ? la it three ^^ ^ 8A ^, ^ ^ ^^ ki to tim chung ? yau sam tun 
 
 o'clock yet ? $M'^ ^ '^'^™2 "'"''' 
 
 28 It's nearly half past three fllTK^^^^F'f'B" sheung-ha sam tim pun lok 
 
 29 Your watch is wrong, it goes flJtjQ^P^-"?^) ^f^ ni ko pin 'm chuu, hang tak t'ai 
 
 too fast ^'1^ *^*' 
 
 30 It was two hours fast yesterday ^ Q '^Pl^ .^ ^ tsok-yat fai lenng tim chung 
 
 31 Do you think it's a mis- f/S^i^^ — '^I^^Prt °' ^^ ^^ ^^' '™"^ °^''*° '"" 
 
 taken affair? '^^ ''^'*'' 
 
 32 I fear it is just so ^'ll&M'I^IlM ngo p'a tsau hai kom 
 
no 
 
 I-ESSONS XXXIX A.ND XL. 
 
 33 Does your friend live here ? f5^1^ f^ !^ Pi^ B'S t^ "^ "' ^^ p'ang-yau hai ni-ch'u chu 
 
 R^ me? 
 
 34 Yes, bnt he's just gone '^, ^l^lS !j^IE-i' '""' **° ^^'^ ^'^ tsau-ching hU 
 
 out ^B^ ''*' "^^ 
 
 35 I see it is raining ; what had ^^^^j^'}^^ ngo kin loli u; ki 'm ho t'm-shi 
 
 weather! ^'cH^B/S. ""' 
 
 36 It always rains hard in the M ^ '^3^ ^ '^^^ ^^® "^' sheung-shi to hai lok tai 
 
 fourth month Hf ''1^ " ^^ 
 
 37 Did it rain when you went to J^ ^^ 15j| ^B fg ^i /ft [IS ni hii t'am shii-kun slii yau ii 
 
 visit the school? 1^T\^]^ lokmoni? 
 
 83 I did not go to the school; I 5K TJ 'i' p*MB' -jr'l'?- "go ''"' ^^^ shii-kun; hii chau 
 went to row in a boat W^'^^n t'sng che 
 
 39 Have you told them to let go f/J, W^S'tS^tili^S WC i" '" y™ ^^ k'ii-ti t'eng fong-shaa 
 
 the rope ? ■^^ (^?f^ fl lj/2, ^° ''™ *'^'°^ mo ui ? 
 
 40 I told them to let it go in two ^fjf^?i}jj ^^j!^ "(13 "go "^^ '''•i-'' ''<=°g 1^^° J^' •'o 
 
 hours' time ^^^^WLi' shi-shan fong-shau 
 
 LESSON XL. 
 
 The interrogative pronouns chiefly used are as follow. Although several have 
 been already given they are here repeated for convenience of reference: — 
 
 What? (business) '^-{^^^^ wai"-md<-sze'-io«' ? Wliich? 
 Of which, whom, 1 ^jQ^"^ phi-ho'-ya.n-W'i 
 
 of whose ? 
 
 Why, for what 
 
 reason ? 
 What? 
 
 Whence ? (from 
 what place) 
 
 
 mai-shui-ie' ? 
 wai*-mii<-ye' ? 
 
 mSt-ya' ? (contracted 
 
 into me'a?) 
 pin-ch^il^ ? 
 
 ^\Tiere? 
 
 Do. 
 Why? 
 Who? 
 
 # 
 vR 
 
 How? (classical) flp "fer 
 What? (do) '^ 
 Whiit? (in the ^ 
 lense of "how many?") 
 
 pin-ho' ? 
 pin-ck^Vj" ? 
 ho-c7i'ii^ ? 
 wai^-ho ? 
 
 «(d<-shui? 
 
 U-ho? 
 
 ho? 
 
LESSON XL (continued.) 
 
 Ill 
 
 Classifiers (continued.) 
 
 43 Kon ^p a pole, is applied to baniboos, sticks, etc. 
 
 44 Chu' f^^ a wick, „ 
 
 45 Fo 82 an associate, „ 
 
 46 Man "aA lines, spots, ,, 
 
 47 Mun p^ a door, 
 
 48 Hau p] a month, 
 & Ham Pi^ all, 
 
 To look out a radical 
 To explain clearly - 
 What is its meaning ? 
 Say it again 
 
 I'll trouble you to 
 
 Hot weatlier 
 Much rain 
 Good morning ! 
 Excuse my disrespect 
 Many thanks! 
 Permit me 
 As you please 
 
 a cluster of incense sticks, pencils, or small pencil- 
 like articles. 
 
 parties, bands, companies, etc. 
 
 cash, and may rather be considered as an inde- 
 pendent word than a classifier. It however 
 preceds ts'in ^S in the phrase "how much 
 money.^' 
 
 pieces of artillery. 
 
 pistols, revolvers, and small-arms. 
 
 ^^. 
 
 m m m 
 mm 
 
 A carpenter 
 Tools (generally) 
 Tool chest 
 Hone 
 Screw-driver 
 
 Do. 
 Hammer 
 Pincers 
 Axe 
 Gimlet 
 
 7J5 
 
 muk-tseung^ Square 
 
 In-ku' Screw 
 
 tHt-ht-seung Awl 
 
 mo-^o-shek Chisel 
 
 \o-sze-tsun' Drill 
 
 ^ 1^ W lo-sze-ning^ Pile 
 
 ^ ^^ *'j«-ch'ui Nail 
 
 t'it-'k'rni Plane 
 
 yit'-t'au Eule 
 
 shau'-isiin"' Saw 
 
 ch'a tsz' po* 
 hai miug-pak 
 iim hai ni? 
 isoi hong kwo^ 
 <o-fan ni^ 
 it t'iii 
 li to 
 tso -shan 
 shat huig^ 
 io-tse' 
 yung ngo' 
 tsui-pin* 
 
 mm 
 
 
 m 
 
 huh-ck'eh 
 
 \q-szg 
 
 chui 
 
 tsok 
 
 tsiin' 
 
 teng 
 p'au 
 
112 LE3S0N XL (continued.) 
 
 1 What sort of weather have you j/J^ pfe-^ ^M 0^ J^^i^P "' ''*^ shang-shing shi t'in-hi tim 
 
 at Canton ? 1^53^ y«"ng a ? 
 
 2 For half the month wo have rpLJra H ^^ Wfc> /fft"^? P"" ''° "' t'in-it; iu-hau 
 
 hot weather ; afterwards ^^ f;RJ to ii 
 
 much rain 
 
 3 Why don't you bay some >^'Wi^Jf5^Pa ^HRy jtr 'wai-mat-yo ni 'm mai ti ho pat 
 
 good pencils ? ^h \ui ni ? 
 
 4 Which is the better of these WB W^lJIi S'j^ OUjtj °' leung po shfi pin po ho 
 
 two books ? B/B ni ? 
 
 5 What do you say ? "[^ Sa 33& [j/B ni tim wa ni ? 
 
 6 I asked you which was the ^fe J^g V^iM' "dK W" 30 °°° ™^° °' P'° P° ^''^ ^^ 
 
 better book 0^ che 
 
 7 Whei-e did yon getthem from? f;5»Pi?>^i^^^P^''^ "" ^^' pin-ch'ii tak lai ke? 
 H Who told you to buy them? -{j^ff|B4f^^>jf^P/^ mat-shui kiu ni mai ke ni? 
 9 The writer told me to buy •fra ^^ Jj- yl fl-4-TK ^^ ko se-tsz-yan kin ngo mai 
 
 them P|^ ke 
 
 111 He said he wanted books to IR ji''|M ^5-^eBJ?^),-^ k'ii wa k'ii iu shii lai se tsz 
 write in PmE- ke 
 
 11 Did he clearly explain what fR-^j|$9fl f^E^fSS- k'ii yau kai-ming ni t'eng k'ii in 
 
 he wanted? 'feiSf''l7l'M mfit-ye mo ni? 
 
 12 You are mistaken ; he does not f5<Sg P-«"; 'fEPrt'^^Blii °^ *^°^' '"'^ ' ''■'" '™ '" '^°™ y^nng 
 
 want this sort of book ^R^j/ji^g ^^ ^^^ 
 
 13 May I trouble you to explain ^ Pf J^ii^fyJ^^ ij/li'iBI "^6° '^°'' '*'° "' ^^ "' '^° *'' 
 
 this character ? JZ, RS moh ? 
 
 14 What is the meaning of that Dfta] ■Hi =»/ H^ Jd Hk? fllB ko kii sliut-wa tim kai ni? 
 
 word? 
 
 15 I did not hear you; please say 5ppS.gffi H 5 s^/>Pfj^ ngo 'm t'eng kin ; to-fan ni tsoi 
 
 it again l^fS'^f.f ') ^'^ ^""° ^^ 
 
 16 You must look ™,t its radical f^x^^^^lE^^Plj^; ™ ™ ''^'^ *^^ P° '='"°S tak ke 
 
 17 I don't understand ; what is a ^PpS W Q -f- qU'fe* ngo 'm mmg-pak; tsz po hai 
 
 •■adirul? -{j|^ mat-ye? 
 
 18 It is the root of a character 0^ f^'T'^^'^ '^''^ '"'" '°^ clrang che 
 
LESSON XI. (continued.) 113 
 
 19 Why did he buy that "^ "{i^fSM^t?^^ wai-mat-ye k'U mai ko ohi pin- 
 
 stick? ^5/S koiini? 
 
 20 He bought it to beat the horse ^fEM ^^ 'fT'O |Z5 ^ '''" ""' ^^' ''^ ^° P'^' ""^ ""^ 
 
 with pte 
 
 21 Has the carpenter plenty of |t1PlT^7J'C[^ -fijtT^SS ko-ko muk-tseung yau ho to hi- 
 
 tools? K^f kume? 
 
 22 Are his tools foreign or JE''^^ Jlf^i^l^H '''" ^"^^ '''"'™ '^^^ ^°'''° ''''' P"°"*' 
 
 native? 2|5:i#PjE5/S keni? 
 
 23 They are all native ; he keeps • ^^ ^ 'j^ ;HS ^ PSF ; yat ti to hai pun-ti ke ; k'U fong- 
 
 them in a tool-chest tE>fe^itf^^^ '"' '^°' ''it-W-seung 
 
 2i What are the largest tools j^^ -^ ^^^^^^ '''" y^^ mat-ye chi tai ke hi- 
 ke has? -^^M ''"'"' 
 
 25 The axe and the saw are the ^^ ggdt|^^-^ ^ ko fu-t'au kuug pa kti hai chi 
 
 largest ^f"^ *^ '^^ 
 
 26 Do Chinese carpenters use the ^S' yv. 7K \)T 'fl )^ yV. t'ong-yan muk-tseung yung 
 
 native rule and square ? ^-^ -it HH /^ t'ong-yan ch'ek kung huk- 
 
 tj^ ch'ek me? 
 
 27 Yes ; but they use foreign -j^, '(B tS^M^li§ '^^ ' '^"^ ^^'i"-'' y>-">S loi-lo teng 
 
 nails and screws ^rih^^^ kung lo-sze 
 
 28 Didhesay good morning when ■fB 71 ^j^U^te^a^ Sift k'ii yap loi shi yau wa tso-shan 
 
 he came in? ^^M> moui? 
 
 29 No ; he said nothing. I asked /fl, |^ /M |j| ^|J ^, ^ mo ; k'U mo cb'ut to shing. ngo 
 
 him where he came from ^ "f j5 'A J^ ^"^ ™^° '''" P>n-ch'u loi ke 
 
 30 Did he tell you immediately ? f ^^j^ f P ^] ^ f^fl^ k'ii hai tsik-hak tap ni me ? 
 
 31 He asked me whose servant jg ^^ ^ '^ -^ f^''^ ^'^ "^™ °S° "^^ mat-shui ke 
 
 I was ^a-j*^ sze-tsai 
 
 32 What did you say then? i^^^U^^^ ni tim wai ni? 
 
 33 I said I was Mr. Ch'an's ^fj^^'^^^fel^^^ "^° ^^ °^° ^*' *^^^" sin-shang 
 
 servant ^B.T? ke sze-tsai 
 
 34 What was his business in tS^i^^^'^'^^^ ^'" ^^^ Heung-kong tso mat-ye 
 
 Hongkong? ^^Ij/S shang-ini? 
 
 35 I think he was a carpenter ^ft^l^ M'/'kOr l"!^ "S° ''" ^^^ '^° muk-tseung ke 
 
114 
 
 LESSONS XL AND XU. 
 
 36 People say he sold arms ^'^H^^tH'ft^^''^ -''"^'^' "^"^ '*'" "'"^ kwan-hi ke 
 
 37 It may be so ; I never asked ^ ^''rai* ^RPa^^ i ^V, ^^^^ '^^'^ ^'^^ ^° '"'' ''"^ ' "^° "" 
 
 hira 
 
 ^tm^n 
 
 ts'ung man kwo k'ii 
 38 Foreign tools look betttr than ^iJiSSS^^T||^j!^^ >oi-lo hi-ku ho t'ai kwo pua-ti 
 
 native tools illl^:^ ^'"^'^ 
 
 ay Yes; lout the Chiia-Sf cWll is ^^, '{Bl|f ^^-j^^ hai ; tan T'ong-yan tsiin hai ohi 
 
 much the best ^^^ ^° ^'■'^ 
 
 40 I don't think so, (I say it's not 3^gSPo"f^' S^^>^ ^""S" "^^ '™ ^'"' ^^''"' 7^'^'^ ^°'^ 
 
 so) though some people do (so say) ^PM^Jg^ 
 
 v'lL che 
 
 LESSON XLI. 
 
 ■m\ 
 
 A bunch of ) 
 keys J 
 
 To make a bundle jBm jffl 
 
 7tS 
 
 To shut up 
 To finish 
 To pick up 
 Conduct 
 
 
 yai U\fu soh- 
 
 shi 
 
 fczo'-a/t -mai 
 
 shan-maX 
 
 tso'-iin 
 
 cfiOj't-ln 
 
 han'T-wai 
 
 Tu let (a house) Hj 
 
 To wonder at 
 To go out 
 To push away 
 A prison 
 A street 
 
 
 ck^t't-yam' 
 hA,„-/o„n 
 
 The use of an auxiliary with certain verbs to convert them into dissyllabic 
 words, whenever possible, will be found udvanlngeous by the student, and it may 
 be noted that the natives themselves often prefer to avoid the risk of being misun- 
 derstood by using a redundancy of expression. The following are examples of words 
 forming trisyllables in ordinary colloquial. 
 
 Official records {law ^El^J o«."-tuk 
 cases, precedents) 
 
 A despatch (mferior ,^ V" Iviia-avAn 
 to superior) 
 
 c/m-shat lai 
 
 To consider thoroughly 
 
 To hold it fast |§ ^P^l 
 
 To overtake i6 ^iJl^S cimi-lo lai 
 
 To separate /J' K|i (^g fan-hoi lai 
 
EESSON XLI (continued^) 
 
 ur, 
 
 To pasteoti (book) covers iT^^^JR? '"' sAK-p'i 
 To grind the teeth "JT^^" td-ni/it-ngn 
 
 miin-s/iii 
 
 To make a bed 
 To cheat 
 
 Do. 
 A courtroom 
 
 Icmig-t^ot^g 
 
 A despatch (sup, '\f 
 
 to inf.) 
 
 A governor (of a j{{{ jffi ts'un-/a' 
 
 province) 
 A magistrate g, IjfS hun-fu 
 
 A viceroy <!{0- '^^ tmniq -tnh 
 
 This will do 
 
 Who are you ? 
 
 What's the news? 
 
 What's the matter ? 
 
 I think (guess) it's so 
 
 Tou must do it 
 
 Do it now 
 
 He is dead 
 
 Go with me 
 
 How do you know ? 
 
 Table (card) 
 
 Seal (wax) 
 
 Telescope 
 
 Wafer 
 
 Wax (seaUng) 
 
 Hat-stand 
 
 Weights 
 
 Paste 
 
 A slate 
 
 Tea-poys 
 
 mm 
 
 cfu -p'ai-t'oi 
 
 ni ko^ tso^ tal- lok 
 ni hai^ md^-shui ? 
 yau m&t sd/i-man ? 
 yau wiaf sze -hori' ? 
 ngo >[si hai^ kom 
 ni _p?V ii*^ tso^ 
 \-ha tso^ ?a 
 k'U kwo" shdn loh 
 lai t'ung ngo' hil'" 
 ni /i/?L, cki'ti'tk ■^ 
 
 
 <s'i/i-li -keng^ 
 foh -ts^at-p^iti' 
 
 mo'-Jca' 
 t'ung-ma' 
 
 shek-^aft 
 ch'a-K 
 
 Steelyards (for- jS. St 
 
 weighing money) 
 Umbrella stand >t^ Ao 
 Water cup (for _;;|C )^ 
 
 writing) 
 
 Sofa ^ :j^ 
 
 Strh,g II 
 
 Steelyards (for J3i 
 
 weighing heavy articles) 
 
 \l-idng 
 
 che-ka" 
 shui -chH 
 
 shui''-i' 
 
 filling 
 chHng^ 
 
 1 Do you want to let that 
 
 house? 
 
 2 I don't want to let it 
 
 ni ko kau uk seung ch'ut-yam 
 
 ngo 'm iu ch^it-yam k^ii 
 
 3 At what time will he go out ? ^^g ^ B^ IE tti ^=^^M> ^'^ ^^ *' '^'""^ *'"' ^"^ "' '' 
 
 4 People all wondered at that yv yV5|>>^fB:5> S* yau-yan to kin ko tsnng he k'i- 
 
116 
 
 LESSON XLI (CONriNUED.) 
 
 5 Let him enter; don't push ^fg A 5 Po^'F'll^fE y™ '^'" ^^P' ™' ^'^ ''"' '''" 
 
 him away jjj -^ ch'ut hii 
 
 6 Have they shut up the ya- fRljMu R F^ ^MflEl JS'(bJ '^'""*' y^" shan-mai ko to nga- 
 
 raun? f^^^ mmimoni? 
 
 7 He picked it up in the street 'f^PMt^^'^''^ k'" ^^ kai chap-to ke 
 
 8 What did lie do with the sticks f§^^II|^D6^J^^Q^ k'uchapliilvO-tipin-konshi, tseung 
 
 when he picked tliem up? /t^f^'^^ili^'^j^B/S k'ulai tim-yeungyungiii? 
 
 9 He made a bundle of them -j^ l^tlS '^ifffl^ " ^'''^ tsenng k'u lai kw'an-mai 
 
 :^L yat chat 
 
 10 If such 'be his conduct he must 'fgll|)^|TpS^'|^n|j;^^ k'u ke hang-wai yeuk hai kom 
 
 go to prison 
 
 11 Have they finished copying 
 
 those despatches? 
 
 12 It was not possible to over- 
 
 take him 
 
 13 Is that the Viceroy's seal? 
 
 
 yeung tsau iu tso kam lok 
 ■ k'ii-ti ch'au hi ko-ti man-shii 'm 
 ts'ang ni? 
 pat nang ohui tak to k'ii 
 
 ffHI® £Df^^jiW''l£fl¥ ^°-^° 5'an hai tsung-tuk ke me? 
 
 14 The Governor sent the man to -jjgj l[^ Ml ]'|^ fffl ^■^'f@ ^° ts'un-fu shai ko yan hii ko 
 
 the magistrate & If3^;^i kun-fu ch'ii 
 
 15 He was cheating people ; there- ']H|W,'1B /V ' P/[liX\& '''" °gak-p'in yan ; slio-i ko ch'ai- 
 
 fore the policemen took him - ^^ IXratf IH ^''^ '^' '^'^ 
 
 16 The Judge has the official re- Tra ^'^^ m ■QRHil^ShH ^'^ on-ch'at-sze yau ti ou-tuk tsoi 
 
 cords in the court ^rb4V "K kung t'ong 
 
 17 The Viceroy sent a despatch iH^M W'TT — ^3^V ^3 ^° '^''"S-tt'k hang yat fung man- 
 
 abont the affair run Jlni wSttV ^^''^ ^'^" kong-liin ni tsung sze ke 
 
 ft^^-^|^^^|)|i^:^ kin teug-shii-lo teng hi ni pun 
 
 20 He is fond of cheating people IR'ttf'T' '='!7BiS^/\. k'ii ho chung-i ngak-p'in yan 
 
 21 The hoy uses the slate iS^ffl '^'f? J^10 -S^!^ ^° sai-man-tsai yung ko shek-pan 
 
 22 Get me a long piece of string jfi fl^'^'^miS.^V ^^''"'" ^^^ '''" °'^'®"'^S *'" ^''"' "S" 
 
 23 Have you telescopes in ^-\^ npf 1^ f>5*'^~f" -S^a '■^°' Chuug-kwok ni yau ts'in-U- 
 
 China? •tTR/?, kengmoni? 
 
 18 Can the coolie make the 
 
 bed? 
 
 19 Tell the binder to bind the 
 
 book 
 
LESSON XLI (CONTINUKD.) 117 
 
 24 You can buy telescopes in PM-^J^'^ PTlliil M'f^ '"" Heung-kong ni ho-i mai tak 
 
 Hongkong "PM^^P^l^'i ts'in-li-keng la 
 
 25 Do the Chinese use a wafer |^ ^ j^ tj^^^j^^ ^ T'ong-yan yung foh-ts'at-p'in chi 
 
 or sealing-wax if^R/E foh-ts'atni? 
 
 26 They use paste generally {lit. t^ll^j^^jj^f^^ k'ii-ti yung tseung-u to 
 
 much paste) 
 
 27 Do you use those weights with fj^t'^^^ j^ 'OHlS^ ^'^'"1 "' ^'^'^' ch'ing yung ko-ti t'ung- 
 
 tlie steelyard ? pS. tfcl D^ ma 'm yung ni ? 
 
 28 Yes; we use them to weigh m ■ ^feljIS/fltS''^'^^ yung; ngo-ti yung k'u lai ch'ing 
 
 meat l^l yuk 
 
 . 29 Is there any news to-day? -^^ H -Q" 'Q, ^/f ^D 'yE kam-yat yau milt san-man ni ? 
 
 30 There is not much news to-day; -^^ H 'TT 'Wi^lT ^fl BS" ' kam-yat mo mat san-man che ; 
 
 the man Is dead iH /VyEf^^''&' ko yan sze hiu lok 
 
 31 How do you know that he Is f^^^/^^fP^l^R/jJ »i '"" i^lii '^'u sze hiu ni? 
 
 dead? 
 
 32 A friend wrote and told me in ^^3 Mn ~^ JMi ig 1^^ nX •t't y" p'ang-yau se sun la! wa ngo 
 
 a letter ^''M '^^' ^^ 
 
 33 Are you not afraid of his 'fcSiP§''|*6'[S[5}P,My fi5> °' '"" P'" '^'^ ngak-p'in ni 
 
 cheating you ? IBF me ? 
 
 34 How do you know lie will -f^ MrS 4^|J f RP^[3R.iB^ ™ '"^ '^^'^ '''" "' ngak-p'in ngo 
 
 cheat me ? |j|S ni ? 
 
 35 I consider him a thoroughly ^g ^C'O'^ ■^^Po'^tT "^^ ^"^ ^'^ ''"^ **'"° '"" ^° 
 
 bad man P^ K ke yan 
 
 36 If he is bad yon shoiUd take ^'^f^PS'fif ifJlllffis^ y^"^ '^^ '''" '■" ''°> •" ying-koi 
 
 him before the magistrate IS'lH'i*^^ B lai k'ii hii kin kun 
 
 37 That would be of no use. The pE. t±J ^PS'. ^ P^ ^ 'm chung yung a. nga-mun to 
 
 office is closed HB jffl [!§■ shan-raai lok 
 
 38 I wish you would do it now ^K'ffiifS^ rfO ^CTOCBS^ ngo seung ni i-ka tso che 
 
 39 Do it to-morrow, that will be Is Q il-.'ffijj^, ^frp] Uj[ t'ing-yat ching tso, tsau ho-i tak 
 
 sufScient ^(^ ^°^ 
 
 40 How long has that man been PfB]'|lS^^Ei^^^il]|^ ko-ko yan sze hiu ki noi ni ? 
 
 dead? ^ 
 
lis 
 
 f HbSuN :vi,ir, 
 
 LESSON XLII. 
 
 Indefinite Pronouns. 
 The indefinite pronouns are as follow: — 
 
 Everybody, everyone ^ JV kot yan 
 
 One and all ( '^. ( .2®) yat ts'ai (oryas 
 
 Do. 
 
 ^A 
 
 mm yan 
 
 (P^ 
 
 l-^A ' 
 
 sung) hoin to yan 
 
 Both, a pair of 
 
 pnii 
 
 leung' fo^ 
 
 One (as an indefi- 
 
 
 yat 
 
 Do. 
 
 # 
 
 sheung 
 
 nite pronoun) 
 
 
 
 One another 
 
 #A 
 
 hoh 3'aii 
 
 Everything 
 
 ^n 
 
 kok kin^ 
 
 Do. 
 
 Am 
 
 tai" ka 
 
 Nothing 
 
 mm 
 
 mo ye' 
 
 Very many, most 
 
 A^ 
 
 tai" fo 
 
 Such 
 
 mm 
 
 loin yenn;^' 
 
 1 ertain men 
 
 ^A 
 
 wak yan 
 
 Eitlier 
 
 ^ 
 
 wak 
 
 Somebody 
 
 ^A 
 
 van yan 
 
 Do. (classical) 
 
 ft^ 
 
 shi' tan^ 
 
 Several (indefinite) 
 
 MM 
 
 ki io' 
 
 " A certain one " can ] 
 
 
 Few (do.) 
 
 ^M 
 
 
 be expressed 
 
 
 
 None, not any 
 
 
 mo 
 
 verbally ; e.g. . 
 
 
 Each, every 
 
 # 
 
 mui 
 
 certain man 
 
 1 
 
 
 Little 
 
 ^l- 
 
 s/ii«' 
 
 
 
 
 The word "people" is expressed by yan ^l (one, certain persons). Most 
 of the above are used as in English, many being interchangeable. Thus several 
 and few are at times used indiflferently to convey the idea of an indefinite number 
 of people. 
 
 Classifiers (continued ) 
 49. Fong Jj a square, is applied to squares of ink, inkstones, junkets of beef, mut- 
 ton, pork, &c. 
 cloth or silk ; its proper meaning is a piece of 
 
 40 yards, 
 pearls, beads and similar articles, 
 sentences, paragraphs, parts or pieces (e.g. a 
 
 piece of news— a piece of ground.) 
 sections or articles of laws, treaties, petitions, 
 
 business, news, &c. 
 respectable persons e.g., tat avai hak, — -^ 
 ^, a visitor. 
 
 .50. P'at y^ a piece, „ 
 
 51. Fo^ IP .. clod, 
 
 52. Tiln" Pj/ a fragment, „ 
 
 53. Fun! &^ a class, „ 
 
 54. Wai' '^ a seat, „ 
 
LESSON XLIl (CONTINUED.) 
 
 119 
 
 ?lace it on the table 
 
 Is it aspirated ? (said of a word) 
 
 Don't wait so long 
 
 He won't come 
 
 Try once mure 
 
 What tone has It ? 
 
 Retain one (of them) 
 
 Exert yourself - 
 
 He speaks Chinese 
 
 Not yet seen 
 
 The wind is fair 
 
 ■^ "^J S M "^ t//fu U> t'oi miii^ lai 
 
 yau p'a/i-hV mo vi? 
 mai fi.h/.t/ koin' noi* 
 kHi' 'm huit(f loi 
 tsoC a/n' ijiii ha 
 liai' mat shing ni? 
 lnu-fa/i yet ko" 
 tsun' lik tso' la 
 k'U Jcoiig T'ong wa* 
 'm tsTmg kilt" 
 hai' &h-m\ fi'iifj 
 
 Counterpane 
 
 Pillow-case 
 
 Bolster 
 
 PiUow 
 
 Musquito curtain 
 
 Cot or hammock 
 
 Bedpost 
 
 flf£^ pak>-p'i 
 
 ^^ 
 
 1 Has that person a pair of PjG] j^ _^ ^^ ^^ ^, Tf ko-ko yan yau shemig ma mo 
 
 horses ? W]^ ni ? 
 
 2 Each bed has two blankets ^SS^J^'WPI^S 
 
 and two pillows P||1@^Ii 
 
 cham -t'aii-j3t)^ 
 
 ch'eung-c/;am-t'uu 
 
 chdm -t'au 
 
 mmi-ckeang'' 
 
 ^i/i'-ch'ong 
 
 oh'ong-ch'ii 
 
 Clothes-horse !^^ ^SH 
 
 Mattress 
 
 Blanket 
 
 Couch 
 
 Quilt 
 
 Bedding 
 
 Bedstead 
 
 mm 
 
 yeang-cAvi 
 
 shui^-i 
 
 min-p'i' 
 
 ch'ong-^'o 
 
 ch'ong 
 
 - ^ tnui Cheung ch'ong yau leung 
 
 3 Everybody uses chairs A A ^ffl Wi^^ 
 
 i Nothing more was heard of ^fj ^ ^ 1&^M M 
 
 him 
 
 Cheung chin, kung leung 
 
 ko cham-t'au 
 yan yan to yung i ke 
 mo t'ing man k'ii ke siu sik 
 
 t'im lok 
 
 5 Several men said they had ^e 1@ AoJ l&^'Ci'ra >^ '^' ^° ^^° ^™ k'ii-ti yau kin kwo 
 
 seen him jJ^fSP^ ^'^ ^°^ 
 
 6 One and all were wiUing to go 'wMPp ^.AS^I^'i' y^*" '^""g '^°'" '° 7^° t° "n 1>« 
 
 7 People ought to love one an- ^S^_AiiS^^A.^^'0 chung yan ying-koi tai-ka 
 
 other ^^ seung-oi 
 
 8 He came to look for somebody IS ^J Jfl^ A^ k'ii loi wan yan 
 
lj!(| LISSSON XUI (CONTISUKO) 
 
 9 Certain people took l.hn and ^ ^ ||£ '^I f gP^ tT y™ y"" ''''"'' '° '''" '''' '^ 
 
 beat hiin 
 10 Either of the couches will !^f^ '^B^'j^^P'^ '""'' ''"' ^''^ <:beni>g shni-i to tso 
 
 do -^P^ taklok 
 
 il He has a few friends, and but |g W^1@ JD^ ^' "^ ^'^ ^^^ ^' ''° pang-ya", 'an hai 
 
 little to eat i^^^'P'^^^ ''° '''''" ^^ ''"'' "^^ 
 
 1 2 Most of the men had gone ^^/s^^^^ '"' '° y™ '° ^'^ '* 
 
 13 Such people as this must be p|^ '^^lit Ait^^^^^ ''"" y"""" "^^ y™ P'' '" ^'"'° 
 
 punished ^ H^ chak-fat lok 
 
 U Get me an inkstone; I don't :^'(^^'^^^> ^^ '«'*" ''° mak-in kwo ngo; ngo iu 
 
 want it for long M® tS tl [St B^ '''"' '''" """ "°' "''^ 
 
 15 How much does one piece of '/Ell^^^^^ y"' ■"'"' P° '" ^' '° '^'"^ "'' 
 
 cloth cost? ^ 
 
 16 His letter was written in para- 'fS^jJ' "(g i^'^ p^ E^ '''^ ^"°^ ™" ''^ fan-hoi yat tiin 
 
 graphs g^ ^^''iS '"" '" ""^ 
 
 17 I have had no visitors to-day -^^ Q ^ 'IT' /A^ ^I^^'J ''"™"y^' "S° ™° yan-hak lai to 
 
 18 Put the pillow-case on the ^'t@'^i|^'j^ ■^HB^ **' ^° cliam-t'au-po tsoi ko 
 
 pillow IRP^ cham-t'au lai 
 
 19 JIake the bed and put sheets ^/{^^^^^^^^ P'° d^'ong 'saa chai p'i-tan kung 
 
 and blanket on it ^ffifflHll^ '^''"' ^'^°' ko-ch'ii 
 
 20 I have no bed, I have only ^g ^ jpT, ^^^S §M tft "8° "^^ ch'ong, tuk yau cheung 
 
 a hammock /ppfta tiu-ch'ong che 
 
 21 Do you use a mosquito cur- •pjj Hj JM[ mM pE- 1^ ni yung man-cheung 'm yuug 
 
 tain? 5/g, ni? 
 
 22 Yes, I use one every snm- B[, ^^S^^feHS^ yung, nin niu t'in it slii ngo to 
 
 ^^P|t yungke 
 
 23 Do you use it each night? flj^^J^^^t^PaR/S °' ™'^' """^ y"°S k'ii 'm ni? 
 
 21 It is put over the bed each "SJTO J1i(^^513E5M mui man yung lai k'oi-chii cheung 
 
 night ^ ch'ong 
 
 25 Is this character aspirated? H/S |E1-3-*'h PW^r^BTT "'"''" ''^ ^^^ p'an-hi shmg mo? 
 
 26 Please tell me what tone it ^>^gJ^^§Y^-b,|^'o-fan wa ngo t'eng hai mat-ye 
 
 has ^l!$'J ^'^"'S '* 
 
 27 That has the "sheung yap" tone pffiJ^glY^H^^tl^ ko-ko hai sheung yap shing ke 
 
tlSSSONS iLII AJSD XLlXi. I'/l 
 
 28 You must exert yourself to fS^^^^^^^ yJ^B ^ shi-pit iu tsun-Iik tuk «hii 
 
 read !^£|HS poh 
 
 29 You wUl find it difficult to •^ j^ ^^^^E^^ ni tseung-loi tsau chi t&k hok 
 
 learn Cliinese Wn 'm' iffiPa T'ong-wa liai uan lok 
 
 30 Who gave you those chairs? -hti^'f^ffilil^^^jl^f/^^ mat-shui pi ko-ti i kwo ni ke 
 
 PUB/S ni? 
 
 31 A certain iriend of mine gave -^ "flfl 130 j^i&)^ Jfe ?»" J*' ^° p'^ng-yau pi kwo ngo 
 
 them to me Pfef ke 
 
 32 Have yon not yet seen him ? -^ ^t 'S" Mij^fSt^ "' ""' ts'ang kin kwo k'ii me ? 
 
 33 I have seen him a few times ^ ^^I^IS^^^CB^ °S0 1™ 1^*° ^'^ ^ *^'^ "^^^ 
 
 only 
 
 34 Have many visitors come to- -^ O ^Sw? ^^y\.^?3K kam-yat yaa ho to yan-hak loi 
 
 day? Uj^ me? 
 
 35 Not many to day ; I expect a -^. Q 'TT*B' ^ Bs' i ^| kam-yat mo ki to che ; t'eng-yat 
 
 great many to-morrow R 'PQ ^Hny P'* *° *' 
 
 36 Exert yourself to do that ^ "ft "^^"^^^Vl^ tsun-lik tso t'oh tong ko-ti 
 
 properly 
 
 37 There is nothing said about 'W\ -o, ^T^J^lJ IR'iJt' ™" mat-ye wa to k'u a 
 
 him 
 
 38 Such conduct is most im- Bffil4^K''^'rT'^a'^^ ^SP^ '""" y^ung ke hang-wai hai kik 
 
 proper 'a"''^ '™ ^°P ^^ 
 
 39 Every thing is exactly as I ^S" W^5f^ "^"^^'4' ^fe ^°^ y^ang 'o ^i^^ shap-fan chung 
 
 Uke it WP^C^ "go ' I's 'o'' 
 
 LESSON XLIII. 
 
 To have no leisure pS^ ^ m' «(ii han To hasten j^ '[^ lo%-fat 
 
 To know ^^j^; ^ sUh-t&k; chi Business $■ ^ sze'-foir,' 
 
 An answer [gj ^ ui-3/am Upright j^ "jj cAMH(?-chik 
 
 To stay ^£, 'tt <«»/, chii' Faithful ^^ W sm'-shat 
 
LESSON XLllI 
 
 (CONTINDED.) 
 
 
 
 JvMg -luk 
 
 Deceit 
 
 %km 
 
 hem -itcM 
 
 
 Wages 
 
 Ax 
 
 ysai-hung 
 
 hang-/ioi 
 
 To hurry 
 
 /3<i 
 
 hap 
 
 
 Late 
 
 i® 
 
 ch'i 
 
 122 
 
 Salary (lit. firewood -pK flfe 
 
 and water) 
 To get out of -^T" gi 
 
 ttie way 
 
 NUMERALS. 
 
 With the ordinary numerals the student is ah'eady familiar. These are 
 however written in two other ways besides the forms already given, and those who 
 are studying the character will find it advantageous to acquire them from a teacher. 
 The mode here adopted is that usually found in books. The more complicated 
 form is used in important documents to lessen the chance of fraud ; and the other 
 is a contracted form used in arithmetical computations and current accounts. 
 
 In counting from 100 to 110 the character ling Si. is introduced before 
 the additional uumber; e.g., 100 = yAT pak — ' "§"; 110 = xat pak ling Shap 
 
 The word signifying ten is often omitted after the hundred; e.g. 1.50 = yat pak 
 'ng — • "Q" ^ ; 1000 = YAT Ts'iN — ' =?-•; a myriad = -^ J£ yat man. 
 
 The numerals enter into a large number of phrases in common use and in 
 which their actual numerical signification is lost sight of. In most cases, however, 
 this is easily traceable 
 
 Idiomatic uses of. One, tat — •, 
 
 Disagreement (lit. 
 
 i^^^- 
 
 sum pat yat 
 
 One by one — — • ■ 
 
 yat ya 
 
 not of one mind) 
 
 
 
 WhUst 
 
 -{& 
 
 yat min^ 
 
 Glance at it 
 
 0J-ITF 
 
 t'o-t yat ha' 
 
 Addicted 
 
 
 cAiln yat 
 
 The whole Mfe 
 
 -4^, 
 
 yat shdng 
 
 As soon as • ^^ 
 
 yat king 
 
 As soon as he left 
 
 -a 
 
 yat woDg' 
 
 
 
 
 I can't put it there 
 
 v^mnm^ 
 
 'm chni Idk hd-ch'. 
 
 ii^ 
 
 A heavy 
 
 ' cargo - 
 
 nmm 
 
 t#l 
 
 ho chung~ ke" /oil 
 
 -mat 
 
 There is 
 
 no room 
 
 ^mij 
 
 
 mo' tV-fong 
 
 
 A head wind 
 
 r^^M. 
 
 
 ting t'auyuM^ 
 
 
 A fair wind 
 
 JiML 
 
 
 shun' Jung 
 
 
 A fair tide 
 
 iiTic 
 
 
 shuu" shui 
 
 
 A head tide 
 
 ^;^ 
 
 
 yik ^fiai 
 
 
LESSON Xtni (CoNTllNUEb.) 
 
 12S 
 
 Ebb tide 
 
 
 :^%t 
 
 shut I'on 
 
 
 Flood tide - 
 
 
 i^^ 
 
 shui tai^ 
 
 
 A cabin 
 
 
 ^M 
 
 seimg-ioug 
 
 
 A ship's deck 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 shiiu-min^ 
 
 
 To taolc ship 
 
 
 'jffl ^ 
 
 k^au p'ung 
 
 
 Dressing room f^^^ 
 
 sau-shit-tong 
 
 Scented soap 
 
 #il 
 
 heung-han 
 
 Do. table >^|ttM 
 
 sho-chong-t'oi 
 
 Sponge 
 
 i^m 
 
 shui^-p'o 
 
 Do. case ^ ^ 
 
 keng^'Chong 
 
 Razor 
 
 MTJ 
 
 t'aC-to 
 
 Tooth powder ^ J^ 
 
 n%3.-fui 
 
 Glass-box 
 
 m^ 
 
 Iceng'^-seung- 
 
 Do. box ^Jifi± 
 
 iiga-yai-hap 
 
 Hat box 
 
 m± 
 
 mo^-hap 
 
 Clothes trunk :^ jp^ 
 
 i'Seung 
 
 Drawer 
 
 mm 
 
 kwai"-<'«mjr' 
 
 I k'ii shau ki to yan-kung yat ko 
 at ni? 
 k'ii shau yat pak sam-shap iia 
 
 Do. press ^^ ijj i-kwai* 
 
 1 What are his wages per 'fS^o^S^'yV-JL — * 
 
 month? ^^ 
 
 2 He gets a hundred and thirty 'fB^g — ■ H ~~ ~r' ^ 
 
 dollars 
 
 3 That makes one thousand five 
 
 hundred and sixty a year 
 
 4 How many thousands make a 
 
 myriad? Ten 
 
 5 Tell him to answer imme 
 
 diately 
 
 6 There is no hurry ; bring the Pg- [BgllmJ ^; ', 'fWRKJ ^^ 'm shai kom kap ; tai ti yan yat 
 
 men one by one 't13^~'1@I^S ko yat-ko lai 
 
 7 Re has been busy his whole 'fE '^RSR'I^Prt' ra^ '''" y^t-shang t»hai 'm tak haa 
 
 life P^ fee 
 
 8 I knew he would not stay ^ ^ f^Pa ^l"^^-^ 
 
 ^^ ~~*^P?\ nt ""^"T ''°™ yeung yat nin kung kai yat 
 
 i4tEiPMlElw 
 
 ts'in 'ng pak luk-shap iin 
 ki to ts'in wai yat man ni ? shap 
 
 ts'in lok 
 kiu k'ii t«ik-hak ui yam 
 
 9 His salary was not sufficient fBP^'(^i^P§-6^ 
 
 10 Had he any disagreement 'J^ [sI f0\-^i\]i>^K— * 
 
 with you? ^'B'S 
 
 11 As soon as he left he hastened fg — ' Hi J5^^ I^^ 
 
 away P^ 
 
 12 I had rather he had stayed ^ '^MMM^'^ 
 
 ngo chi k'ii 'm tang ke lok 
 
 k'ii ke fung-luk 'm kau 
 
 k'ii t'ung ni yau sam-pat-yat 
 
 mo ni? 
 k'ii yat ch'ut tsau kon-fai hii 
 
 lok 
 ngo ning-iin k'ii hai ch'ii 
 
124 LESSON XLiii (continued.) 
 
 13 As soon as you liave finished frn'^XTClmf WC 'fT Bq •" tso-iin sai tsau hang hoi 
 
 get out of the way OTjl la 
 
 14 He is upright and faithful in fg^^^;^ (§1 ^jg k'u tso sze-kon chung-chik yau 
 
 husiness ^ shun-shat 
 
 15 Do you use a razor daUy? i^^ M^'JTJ''^'^ " '"''' y^* •>"'''§ ''''''"*° ^^ ™^' 
 
 16 No, but as soon as I return P^']^, '(0 ^ 'Wf^ '"^ ^^' *™ °8° 7^* ''™''*' ^^""^ 
 
 I shall use it iKt; ffl l*^ y™g '"l^ 
 
 17 Give a glance at that dress- |^II]ttt|Q^^|)t|S t'ai ha ko cheung keng-ohong- 
 
 ing table t'oi 
 
 13 A sponge, towel, and soap are ^ ^ f|j it ^ ^|^ shui-p'o, min-kan, kung heung- 
 wanted to wash the face -j^ ^ \^ ^ kan hai yung lai sai 
 
 with ^^^ rain ke 
 
 19 Is the tooth powder in the Bj^n^^^P(^'|@^C^ ko-ti nga-fui hai ko seung lai 
 
 box? P^ me? 
 
 20 What is the meaning of a ■^ ^ ^ ^ ^J^ ^ P^ ko "keng-seung" hai tim kai 
 
 "glass-box?" B/B keni? 
 
 21 It is a box with a small look- 'j^ ' j@ ^-^'1@>'J'»^^ ^^^ 7^^ ko seung yau ko siu-keng 
 
 ing glass in it [fj^ ^ ^P|!£ ^^' lui-t'au ke 
 
 22 Are those drawers in the HfHt'lS'l^Pi^^ i!<'l'|S'^ ^° kwai-t'ung hai ko i-kwai lai 
 
 clothes press? BE me? 
 
 23 The clothes' trunk is in the tl|0 j@^^'^'^'(@)|^ ^°'^'' >-s«™g hai tsoi tsong-shik 
 
 dressing-room gtt j^ |^S fong lai 
 
 24 Shall you stay at Hongkong? f^PM^J^^|r|^H¥ ni hai Heung-kong tang ha me? 
 
 25 No, I shall leave as soon as pg"jS, 'jlIS^L^^ WL '™ '^^''' ^^^ ^hun-fung ngo tsau 
 
 there's a fair wind 'J'Bn ^™ '"'' 
 
 26 How is the tide? is it ebb or ^^j^^ ^P M^' T^^ti ch'iu-shui u-ho a? shui-kon chi 
 
 flood ? M ^i'^^ B^ ^''"' **" "' ' 
 
 27 It is flood : that is a bead tide '^>tC !7C ' St^ffijM^S '"" *°^ ^''^ ' °g°"*i " yik shui 
 
 for us y'I'Cl'ff ^°k 
 
 28 Do you think we shall have a x8t'fc4SK5fti§;'te')lM mL "' '"^ ngo-ti ii-ngam shuu-fung 
 
 fair wind? PoB^ ™°'' 
 
 29 I fear we shall have a head ^'I'fi^H^iMTM^ °S° P'^ "8°"*' " ting-t'au 
 
 wind M.® ''""§ '' 
 
LKSSONS XLin AND XMV. 12i 
 
 30 Whilst I go, you observe ^ — '^^' ftJ^H^'^ "8" y^' ""i" •'"• "' t'"' f^hu 
 
 hini tgll^lj k'u la 
 
 .31 Pat the spouge in the hot ^^^Y^^^l^ "hai ko shui-p'o lok it-shui 
 
 lai 
 
 32 There is some disagreement Bf01^^^0§- 1^ — '{'(^ ko-ti yan 'm t'ung yat sam 
 
 between those men pfep ke 
 
 33 Is the box on the ship's deck? "j^ |§ jl^^ l|§ pU 1^ ko seung hai shUu-min me ? 
 
 34 Is he addicted to leaking jg^jf fT'^M^"^^ '^ ^'^ ^° '^''*" ^^ ^"^ """ ^ 
 
 things ? 
 
 35 That ship has a very heavy llj0^l^ffi-^^!§l'^ •«> chek shun tsoi yau ho ohung 
 
 cargo 'W ke foh 
 
 36 There is no room for more "^ ^^Wt ^^^^^ ™° ''-^ong *^' •» *' t'™ '"k 
 
 37 Put some of the things in the i^^Ufl'il^^-ff |ffl]JKB^^ ''hai ti ye tsoi ko seung-fong 
 
 cabm f^ lai 
 
 38 I'm not able to ! there are too ^g ^3^ gfe , mgj J^ P. ^^ ngo pat nang ! ko ch 'u i-king y aa 
 
 many men there xotS ^^ yv^^ff ^° *" y"" '"'' 
 
 39 More than I ever saw in my ^ ira.SK — '>^ fiff B. to kwo ngo yat shang sho kin 
 
 whole life P^ ke 
 
 40 Tell him he ought to tack S?f fS^ ! f S/S ^IM ^°' '''" "'" ' '''" y'"?"'*^"' ^'^^ 
 
 ship ^^0^ p'ing la 
 
 LESSON XLIV. 
 
 Idiomatic uses of two i ^ or leung pS. 
 
 Double minded _^ ;|^ 1' sam The parents pra *^ leung' faan 
 
 Plaintiff and defendant pjS ^jg leung' tao^ 
 
 Of <Aree sam ^. 
 A thief ^^ -^^ -^p sam-chei-shau A crossway ^^ J 
 
 sam-a-\o^ 
 
12G 
 
 ..KSSON MJV ((JONTINUED.) 
 Op foUl SZE RBj. 
 
 ■e' sse^ luk luk China, the world UU JW; sze'-Jioi 
 
 
 526 -min 
 
 sze^-ha. 
 sze^-W 
 
 A little (as ; he ^ ^ J^J>t 
 
 knows a little) On every side 
 
 TraTClled, world- C!3i^"^ A. ''^'^' ''"*' ''^'^ ^^^ Everywhere 
 
 ly wise All ahout 
 
 A person wear- ffO |H^ j^ s^e'-ngan'-fo' Anyway 
 
 jng spectacles 
 
 Of Jive 'ng ^. 
 
 The four points of the compass and the centre, ^J, ~^ '"g /"".'' 
 
 Op ten shap -|-*. 
 
 Ver?/ or perfectly is expressed by shap-^/a/i -4^ ■yr lit. ?eft divisions ; all weights and measures 
 in China being decimal, ten divisions :=(/ie whole ; i.e. perfection. 
 
 55. Un 
 
 56. tin 
 
 57. Ts'ang ^ a tier, 
 
 58. Ip "^ the head, 
 
 59. To" ^h" a way, 
 
 60. T'ip 
 
 Classifiers (continued.) 
 (or S) a circle, a ball, is applied to things raund or circular, such as 
 
 dollars, coin, &c. 
 B to circulate, is applied to officers of the government 
 
 the floors or stories of houses 
 strips or leaves of paper 
 documents written, commands of the Em- 
 peror, and, sometimes, to men 
 adhesive substances such as plasters, small 
 paper packages, &c. 
 
 to paste up, 
 
 Wliat are you laughiui; at? 
 
 It is deep water 
 
 Begin to row 
 
 To pull an oar 
 
 To hoist a sail (set sail) 
 
 To lower a sail 
 
 To cast anchor 
 
 To get up anchor - 
 
 To steer - - 
 
 nm 
 mm 
 
 MIS 
 
 mm 
 
 nr slu mat-ye ni? 
 hai^ sham rJiui 
 
 lok iseung 
 
 chau~ tseung 
 
 ck^e li' 
 
 lok U' 
 p^a>' nau 
 
 hi nau 
 
 sai t'ai' 
 
IKSSON XLIV (CONTIXUKK. ) 127 
 
 A steamer - - iP iMf /o/('-slnin 
 
 A merchantman '^S Mjf foh^-shiia 
 
 A man of war .Jf. iMi ping-shiin 
 
 A blockhead -^S yl c/('aji' yan 
 
 Wash-hand stand ffi^ ^fc4lP min'-p'un-i-a' Tooth-brush ^^ E|J nga-«Ao< 
 
 Bathing tub J'/t^'TR sai -shdn-tmiy Hair-brush ^g j^ fat-ao' 
 
 Shaving-brush TK^X*™ shm -maxi -so" Clothes-brush Z^ 1^ i-so" 
 
 Nail-brush TH'^Tra ckz -kap-so' Shoe-brush 1^ tffl' hai-so* 
 
 Watcr-goblet Tffi^ ^^ shm-u Comb (coarse) J^ sho 
 
 Wooden tub ^ -^ muk-p'un Comb (fine) ^^ p^ 
 
 1 Are his parents living there? j^f^^^Pt^PJ^j^ J^ k'u ke lenng-ts'an hai ko-ch'ti 
 
 fl^fl^ kiichii'me? 
 
 2 I fancy he's a double minded ^fpf^"^ '10 .^^tl^ "8° ku k'u hai yat ko i-sam 
 
 man ''^//V ^^ ^^'■^ 
 
 3 Plaintiff and defendant both EwiSBlJ'i'l^^^nPT leung tso to hU hiu nga-mun 
 
 went to the yamun [!§• lok 
 
 i He's a regular thief l^lE'fe — "^^^^^ii" k'"ohinghaiyatkosam-chek-shau 
 
 5 There are thieves found every hH |^ ^[J ^^ _^C sze-ch'ii to yau ts'ak-fi 
 
 where g£ 
 
 6 You are a wearer of spectacles, WU ^^ ^^ B^ ^i^ y^ sze-ngan-Io tsau hai ni lok 
 
 are you ! V^ 
 
 7 You know very little about it "^^fJ^P^j pl^^^^B^ °' '^^ '^"^ sze-sze-luk-luk che 
 
 8 He's quite a travelled man 'J^'j^ ■'|0"| ^^IllfljfS ^^ ^^ 3"^' ^° shap-lan sze hoi 
 
 9 Yes, but he's a great block- '^i '(0f|5'^~P;^^ hai, tan k'ti hai shap-ian ch'an- 
 
 head :;^''^ ngoi-ke 
 
 10 He knows every place (lit. f0{!9i^^^l^ "''^ ^^^""''''^ '" ^''"^ ^^^ 
 
 the four places) 
 
 11 Bad weather prevails on every ^ |5 ^Pa^ Bi^ sze-min to 'm ho shi-hi 
 
 side ^ 
 
 12 He's very hard working t^'t'^SIJ ^ '''" ^hap-fan k'an-hk 
 
 13 Go straight on and you'U come '^[^•^g^tT^J — '^ °' '^^^^ ''" '^'"^ '"''"^ *° ^^^ ''^" 
 
 to a cross-way ^ Y l'^''^ sam-a-lo lok 
 
128 LESSON XLIV (COHtlHUEf.) 
 
 14 Tlie price of that liook is two fjJB] ^/K ^ ^^ ^^ ^S ko pun shtt m ngan ieiing ue,' 
 
 dollars l^l 
 
 15 How mauy stories has that Mp] ^f-S-S^^W ^^S ^° ''*" '^"^ y^" ''' *° ts'ang- 
 
 house ? B/B m ? 
 
 16 Buy me a dozen strips of paper pa -t-* "^. ^jfiK^ra ^K ™^ ^^*P ' 'P "'*' ^"'^ "S° 
 
 17 Get me a brush and comb itS tl3l^-"*'nltl^&S6 ™'' ''° '° ''tmg ^l^o 1^' "g<* 
 
 18 Do you mean a toothbrush ? "JJj^ ^^ |@ ^^^Jraljilap '^ i° '^o nga-shat me ? 
 
 19 No, a hau-brush and the fine pS""!^, ■^jS^'ISf ^ '"" ^'*^' ™ ^° '^^''*° '"^"S <^'i'''' 
 
 comb '^t^Si ^' 
 
 20 Put water in the bathing •^^ft^TTC'SfHl^yfe'^ chai ti shui tsoi ko aai-shau- 
 
 tub 11 1^ *'"°S '*" 
 
 21 Don't put auy in the wooden P§''ft-?'Mf^'j^7k>l>S, 'mho chai lok komuk-t'ung; k'ii' 
 
 tub ; its not lai-ge enough IS'j^Prt'^l^ ^/c''^ '^^^ '™ ^^^ ^ '^^ 
 
 22 Are you fond of going about '(<J>ptl ^ ® ^^09 T''i* •" chung-i sai t'mg sze-ha hii 
 
 in boats '/ 5J3G me ? 
 
 23 I can steer, but I cannot pull ^EPWiot|]iSj '1@,P§'Ph ^S° ^ *^^ '''^' '^ '^ "' °'^^" 
 
 an oar "^^^ tseimg 
 
 24 Hoist the sail when you get a jtj .SlB^1>5^^^^-^iH. ^° ^"^°S shi ni tsau iu ch'e li 
 
 fan- wind ijlMfi^'J '" 
 
 25 When he anchors he lowers fHtMiSlSlF l^'^'l'M '^'" P'"" "''" *^' ^^^ '"'' '^ 
 
 the sail P§> lok 
 
 26 Is that a merchantman or a BjS^^'i^'^jJft^^Jlft ^° '^^"^ ^^ foh-shun chi pmg- 
 
 man of war ? ff/B shiin ni ? 
 
 27 It is a steamer — a merchant j^*rC)aflf) ^tlpf l^^t ''*' f"''^"^!^"'^! '^S° ^u hai shang-i 
 
 steamer I think M^'^^iKfH^ ^^ foh-shiin 
 
 28 What are you laughmg at ? I fl5»'^F-fJ ^S'ty^'' cJpSrt ni aiu mat-ye ni ? ngo wa hai foh- 
 
 said it was a steamer '^ i/Clra^^ ^^"'^ ^"^ 
 
 29 Do you use foreign towels in -fyfj y^ S' ^H >F ffi& Sp m ni sai-shan yung loi-lo min-kan 
 
 batlung ? t^E me ? 
 
 30 I sometimes use foreign, and ^g ^^ [1$ J-R ^R fim ®f lU "S° yau-shi yung loi-lo min-kan, 
 
 sometimes native towels -^ H^/3ijOT,''^ J'^" ^^'' pun-ti ke 
 
 31 Does the barber use a shaying ^^iJS^'^ ffl'O^l^^ ko t'ai-t'au-lo yung ko shui-man 
 
 brush? i^^fe some? 
 
LhSSONS XLIV AND XLS. 
 
 129 
 
 ■52 He uses a shaving brush when "fRlsI /V^pljSP H^; Jfl ^^'^ ''^^ig y^" *'"' ''^"^ s'" yung 
 he shaves people THTfCwClm '"' shui-man-so 
 
 33 What goods are on hoard the Rfpl'^^'TOftffiY^H "Gii^ ^° ^^^^^ foh-shiin tsoi yau mat-ye 
 merchant vessel ? Jg* OjB foh ni ? 
 
 Si She has guns and ammuui- iH^M lla'^S'^^^^ j* '''" ^^'^ ts'eung p'au kung ma- 
 tion (ma'-foj') tsz 
 
 35 Are there many Spaniards at ttfolj^^^^'fef ^^ § yfC/V ^° °^'" y^'^ ^° '" Lii-sung yau 
 
 that place? |^ me? 
 
 36 No, but there are several Clii- -fi, tB ^^H ^^'f@)g yV "'<'i '"" y™ I'' ^o T'ong-yan kung 
 
 nese and Englishmen ztkJn.1^ /vBS^ Ying-kwok yan che 
 
 37 Did aU the birds fly away? pl^'^^^^^fj^-^^^ '^°"' '° *'®"'^ tofisaihume? 
 
 38 You should have taken more "fj^ Ifp g«f -+- ^!SiW(J ni ying-koi tsz-sai ti 
 
 care 
 
 39 There is a disagreement be- tl|p[plf '0^f|ji£/l^'j^;^ ko leung ko yan ke sam shap-fan 
 
 tween these two men J^ • pat yat 
 
 40 A whole life is not enough to 'tit^Pa'f^'f'g'^ ^'^^ *''' '** '™ ^^ '^'^ ^'^ 
 
 do it in P|S^ ke 
 
 LESSON XLY. 
 
 To use one iH 
 
 mmmA 
 
 A((i--pok tor ; 
 
 No help for it 
 
 ^^m 
 
 mo -uor-ho 
 
 Oblige me 
 
 ^ITFI^ 
 
 wai' ha' ngo' 
 
 Secretly 
 
 ^mi^ 
 
 s::e-sze'ti 
 
 To turn inside 
 
 mm\^ 
 
 Jan li -min'' 
 
 out 
 
 mm 
 
 clt''nt lai 
 
 To turn upside down 'p|[ ^^ 
 
 til -chh.n^ 
 
 A mosquito net 
 
 ^^ 
 
 /it(hi-U)\ 
 
 The least bit 
 
 ^'p 
 
 <:la shin, 
 
 To mix together J>® j^ kciu -mai 
 
 To empty '^J ^^ to -hung 
 
 To tm-n out -^j |j| to'-ch'ut 
 
 Fireworks /j^Q "/^ Mi-/o/i' 
 
 To let off fireworks 'Jt^'j(0 j/^ **"' ^^--f"'^ 
 
 To look after ^ '^ hon-cM^ 
 
 To oaro (or HOj ^^ t'ai -ku' 
 
 n.i. ap^ ^Jj' .■*</(' -Uu^ 
 
 Do. S@ 'tp /a'-chu' 
 
130 
 
 LESSON XLV (continued.) 
 
 The word pak la, one hundred, is frequently used to express a collective 
 quality or quantity; e.g , pak-sing "5" Jfi (lit. the hundred names) the people; 
 PAK MDK "5" "^ all the trees ; pak ts'in man "5" ^^ ^M. an immense number. 
 
 Man S a myriad is used in the same sense; e.g. man-kwok S I^ all 
 nations; man-fong ^ J^ all parts oj the luorld; iian-sdi 3a ^fe for all years. 
 Tlie Emperor is addressed as MAN-sni-YE Ja ^S. -^ (thousand years' sire!) a million 
 is expressed by yat pak man — • "5" ^, or tat chiu — • p!^. 
 
 Ordinal numbers. 
 
 The ordinal numbers are expressed by prefixing tai ^ff before the cardinal 
 numbers; e.g. the first tax yat 'm — •, the second tai i ^^^, &c. 
 
 The first who is expressed by sin -^ ke |I^; e.g. the first loho arrived, 
 
 SINT0KE^5lJn|f. 
 
 The last who is expressed by shau mi J];^ J§ ke P^; e.g. the last 
 
 who arrived shau mi to ke jj^ ^ J|J P^. 
 
 When used to express the quality of goods the words first and second are 
 rendered by shedng J^ and chcng ph ; e.g. first quality of rice shedng mai h 
 ^ ; second do. chung mai Ftl -^. 
 
 Firstly and secondly (or then) as applied to actions, are expressed by the simple 
 ordinals. 
 
 They forgot it 
 
 
 \B.m-u^m^ 
 
 k'u'-ti' moiig-.ir loh 
 
 AVe took medicine 
 
 
 ^^-kmw 
 
 ngo'-ti' shik km yenk 
 
 Have you any more ? 
 
 f^.m^^B/s 
 
 ni chung' yau' mo' nil 
 
 Anything wHl do 
 
 
 ^mufi- 
 
 riHit-ye to ho 
 
 Don't trouble me 
 
 
 mm^m 
 
 mai fan ngo /a 
 
 Useless 
 
 
 ^-^JlnlC 
 
 mo mat yung^ W 
 
 It can't last long 
 
 
 ^-m.m'K 
 
 pat nang ch'eung kaii 
 
 Of no importance 
 
 
 'f]^.M=^ 
 
 mo mat seung-hon. 
 
 Does it pain you? 
 
 
 ^umw 
 
 ling' ni' i'lnty me? 
 
 Is it swollen'? 
 
 
 ^m^^m 
 
 yau' chung mo' a? 
 
 It leaks there 
 
 
 m^mi^ 
 
 id -ch'n' lau' shut 
 
 Look in the dictionary 
 
 ^^m 
 
 ch'a i?<z -tin' 
 
 Dressing-gown -yp ^ 
 
 # 
 
 sau-shil-^lutm Button hole 
 
 ^ ;;fp aoM-Vaii 
 
 Xi,ht-s..,«n ii)l|# 
 
 //;/ -fun -f.lu:nn (TiirdTS 
 
 f.M ^ mat-toi' 
 
 ^- mm\ 
 
 hi -di'm-di'iin Lilovvs 
 
 ^ ^ slmu-lap 
 
LESSON XLV (cONTINUEn-.) 
 
 131 
 
 Head dress 
 Night cap 
 Pocket 
 Apron 
 
 vau 
 tor 
 
 shau-slnk Petticoat ifg' kw'iin 
 
 ftin^-rao' Button ^Q- 
 
 i-toi^ T..- ^ 
 wai-kw'an 
 
 1 The people use him ill 'f@^6^W^'^^'J^^tH ^°'^ pak-sing hak-pok toi k'ii 
 
 2 Does he care for his friends? 'f^§^{if)5''|!^j|Q ^ k'u ku-chu k'u ke p'ang-yau 'm. 
 
 mm 
 mm 
 
 3 He emptied the wooden tub '[^f^J'^tHp] f@>j^^^ k'" to-ts'ing ko-ko rauk-t'uiig 
 
 4 Tell him to mix the medicine W^f^lffi ^ffB^^tl^ "^'^ ^'^'^ kau-Wan ko-ti yeuk 
 toI i® '11^ ^nQ m?- jm _[^ to-chfin ko seung tal heung sheuug 
 ^^ 113 ^ S ® iH 1^ fan-ohiin ko toi li-min ch'ut lai 
 P^^^-fjUy^ljlg mai ching-wai ko ting mo 
 
 ohai ko man-toi tsoi oh'oug- 
 
 sheung 
 man-kwok to yung i-fuk ke 
 ngo p'a mo-noi-ho lok 
 
 ± 
 
 5 Turn the box upside down 
 
 6 Turn the bag inside out 
 
 7 Don't spoil that hat 
 
 8 Put the mosc^uito net over 
 
 the bed 
 § All nations use clothes 
 
 10 I am afraid there is no help ^ '[»Q ^ ^ "Pt 
 
 for it Pg- 
 
 11 Oblige mc by doing this 5^|IT^^#:i|/Sn^»,R$'J 
 
 wai ha ngo tso ni-ti la 
 
 12 Men wear coats, and women ^ J^^J _^-j|^. "icA^ nam-yan cheuk ch'eung-sham, nii- 
 
 wear petticoats ^IS ^^'^ °^™'^ kw'an 
 
 13 You should not do that f^^^^^^|'^Pa"R' ni sze-sze-ti tso 'm hop li 
 
 secretly ^^ 
 
 14 You have written all those fy^^^^^'^fl^*)^ ni se ts'oh sai ko-ti tsz lok 
 
 characters wrong [1^ 
 
 15 Tell the boy to hold my B4*j^^ff^^^ kiu ko sze-tsai bin chii ngo 
 
 p'at ma 
 k'ii-ti shin in-foh me ? 
 mat-shui sin to ni ? 
 
 horse OE'^ 
 
 1 6 Do they let off fireworks ? t^^^'Jt^ii'S j/C^ 
 
 1 7 Wliioh (man) arrived first ? -B, f|| ;^ ^ij P/^ 
 
 18 The first who arrived was your ^J3ti'flfel1®1^f^''i^ '° ''° ^°'^° ^^^ "' ^^ hing-tai 
 
 brother ^^ 
 
 19 1 heard he was the last who ^& M ^^i^l^ ^•'l^ J^ "S" ™Sn tak k'ii hai chi shau- 
 
 arrived ^J''^ ""' '° ^^ 
 
182 I.F.SSUN Xi-V (ccNTINlEr;.) 
 
 20 Is this rios first or second R^S^R'jTK'fe^^ ' tt -R ™''' ™^ ^^^ '^' ^'"'^ *^"^' '^''' *'°'' 
 
 qnality ? -^Zl^^^i^fi i tang Ice ni ? 
 
 21 Do women wear aprons ? "^ /\.^f i^ilH''iX^^ nii-yan cheuk wai-kw'an ke me ? 
 
 22 Chinese women do not; Fo- jgyv '^^yv.PS.^3 i Sfh T'ong-yan nii-yan 'm cheuk; ngoi- 
 
 reign wonii 11 wear them [^"^/v^aOfi" kwok nii-yan cheuk che 
 
 23 Have you gold huttmi? 'm j/P^ii^^^ IIR'^'v?'^ "' ^'^ ^'^"^ ^^^^ ^°^ ^^^ ™° 
 
 your clothes? 'ffR'S "''' 
 
 24 How many sorts of caps are ytrt ^S ^ 'KiJ'h ^iS ^'"" '^'' *'^ y^""^ "lo i" ? 
 
 there? 
 
 25 Nearly all caps come from 1,'an- ^E J^ ^>P tT •? •P^ fifSlTr* ch'a-pat-to kom to mo to hal 
 
 ton (i.e. the provincial city) "H^SK^Iv''^ Sliang-sliiug loi ke 
 
 2G They are all first qnality BBMlba ^IS'^ ^v — ' "''^* '' ™° *'° '''^' ''"' y'*' ^''"S 
 
 caps ^fij^ l'« 
 
 27 The gloves I bought last are ^lI^M^ flS}"^^^ "?° shau-mi mai ko tui shau-Ir,p 
 
 the best "^ ^'^?*'|5£ ^^^ ""'' '^° '^^ 
 
 28 DotheysellJapanese (Yatpun 'fK^JOT g FJ /SS^B^fl^aU '^'""'' '"''' Yat-pun ke sau-shik- 
 
 ke) dressing gowns (here)? S^-^tj^ sham me? 
 
 29 They sell Eu-lisl, handker- 'fBl]j''ijt W ^H''^^ ^'""*' ™'^' Ying-kwok ke shau- 
 
 chiefs rh kan 
 
 30 That head-dress is very hand- 'fffltlto'g ffltl'fe'T*;^T' '^°''' shau-shik hai shap-fan Iio 
 
 some ^ll^ t'ai 
 
 31 Does that house leak much ? mfej |^ M.'^'^'^W^^ ^° ''"" "'' ^° '"" '^'^ ™® "" 
 
 32 It leaks a great deal nh.-n it 'M^ [;HB^iKl^"H:^V/jffi ^°^ " ^^' ''^'i shap-fan lau 
 
 rains P^ lok 
 
 33 Do you think tliat is u^.- 'f^ff!jllf0n6'f|f^'fj J^P[5t "' '™ '^°"*' ''*' ™° y™S '^'' 
 
 Ic^- ? 03^ me ? 
 
 34 It is of no great importance P§-'^ Hh^ ^ ^^B^ '™ ''^ ^hap-fan kau-kwan clie 
 
 35 How many sorts of pins have f/J\ ^ ^- ^ ^P|5^ "Ai; flS ni yau ki to yeung ke tai-t'au- 
 
 36 I have several in my pocket f^P|5£^^^H^0^ ngo ke toi yau ki ngan che 
 
 37 That affair should he quickly pj^ f^^ IS ^ ^'[^ '^° l^-^^e ying-koi kon-fai tso 
 
LESSONS Xr.V ANT) XI. VI. 
 
 133 
 
 38 Does your head pain you ? f^ClSE gj|^ f^{ f^^^ "'"''" *'*'^ ^'"S °' ''""S ™^' ? 
 
 39 Not very much ; but I am P§-"f^ "P^^U^' iS. ''" ''^' ^l^^P"''''" *'""S <='"= ! '^" 
 
 unwell 
 
 ^m. 
 
 hai ngo 'm tsing-shSn 
 
 40 You will have to take some f^^^P^iJi^ lEf^ f^ "' i" yak yeuk oliing tso t.^ib 
 mecliciur P^ lok 
 
 LESSON XLYI. 
 
 "Times" (or tur7is) is translated by pin ^^ as well as by n [jgj ; e.g. 7ioiv 
 many times ? Kl to pin ni ^ ^ I® B/j^ . 
 
 Constantly is translated by shedng-shi '^Qlp or sni-sni Q^Qi; e.g. he con- 
 stantly does it K'ij SHI-SHI TSO '[H flS 3=5f fSt- 
 
 One quarter !■ --ft y at hole One third ^^J""^ • sam fan' yau' j(a< 
 
 il/Mor^'H— — ' S3<;^ fau^ yau' !/a< Two thirds ^^yy "H ^- «(w« fan' yau i* 
 
 Three quarters ("^^-^ sam kok One half — *4X yatpuiC 
 
 \ |lMvj"H^^ S2e" fan' yan' sam Douhle "^S (contracted to ^{7) sheung 
 
 Time, 
 New year's day f Jj^ Ej ;j'^ c/uXr/ iit cAW; Quarter of an [Pfil^ Urn chung 
 
 — * ya* hour ^ -2 "ffl chiyathok* 
 
 The first month of |f- H cliing iit 
 
 the year 
 
 The first day of the ^UI\ — > cVoli yat 
 
 month 
 
 The intercalary ^S H yun' vit 
 
 month 
 
 Mmnte ^ Ji^ fan shi 
 
 Do. (bastard word) t)[H] tP, mm-m 
 
 How old are you ? (S. your honouraWe age) 
 
 How old is he ? - "Jg '^ ^ ^ ^ P9^ k'u yau' i/ to sm^ a ? 
 
 * These phrases are rather book language than colloquial, but are frequently used. 
 
 Hour (equal to 2 fji J^ 
 European hours) 
 
 Afternoon 
 
 Do. 
 Forenoon 
 
 Do. 
 Noon 
 Do. 
 
 shi-shan 
 
 ha'-ng * 
 hsi'-chau' 
 sheung'-ng * 
 sheung'-cAau' 
 cUng^-ng * 
 ati'ChoAt' 
 
134 
 
 LESSON Xf.VI (CONTINUED.) 
 
 Classifiers. 
 61. Tim Sfi a spot or dot, is applied to dots, spots, moments, hours of tBe 
 
 clock, etc. 
 
 62. Taur j^^ to bear, 
 
 63. Ch'ang S to repeat, 
 61. Lat ^ij a row, 
 
 G."). Hou P a mouth, an opening, ,, 
 66. Mill' rS a surface, the face, ,, 
 
 We have all kinds of goods 
 
 He asks too higli a price 
 
 What's the price ? 
 
 How much is it worth ? 
 
 What colour? - 
 
 All colours 
 
 I can't afford it 
 
 I can't help it - 
 
 Best quality 
 
 Middling quality 
 
 Low quality 
 
 It won't suit 
 
 burdens, weights of material, &c. 
 a series or succession of objects, 
 rows or objects, with interstices between 
 them, such as balustrades, trees, &cv 
 things with sliarp edges, swords, &c. 
 gongs, looking-glasses, banners, &c. 
 
 <^SJB^^^ W5^ "So'-ti ^olc jtmg-foK- to yaa' 
 
 n 
 
 tH S^ 1^ IM r^ 
 
 Visiting card case ^^TOS! pai'-tHp-^^o^ 
 
 Snuff-bottle — - — 
 
 Snuff-box 
 
 Purse 
 
 Shirt or chemise 
 
 Rings (finger) 
 
 Kings (ear) 
 
 Thimble 
 
 I'JH:^ pi^"^/^-llop 
 
 z((-p'ing-toi^ 
 hoxi'-shara 
 kaC-chi 
 i -wan 
 chdm-ting 
 
 Bell (hand) 
 
 Watch chain ^^ 
 
 Watch key ^^5 
 
 Necktie ^S 
 
 Glass 3^ 
 
 To put on (said pj^' 
 
 k'ii iu tah hd^ ko 
 hi to ha' ts'in m? 
 cliik tdk hi to ni ? 
 mat' JO, ngdja-shik n i ? 
 koh yeung^ ngan-s/u'^ 
 ngo' 'm ch^vt t^h 
 ngo pat tak i 
 sheung' tang /■'-' 
 chung litng he' 
 ha^ tang he" 
 'm ngam lok 
 
 shau -ch'Dip 
 
 heng -tai" 
 
 po~\\ 
 
 lam"" 
 
 1 How many times have you 'W^i'^flEll^^) 
 
 been there ? ^ 
 
 2 I go there constantly ^ '^ [[$ 's'^lHI '^ "®° ^'^'^^' '^" ko-ch'u 
 
 3 Did you stay a half day there? f^Pl^''l^i^ RJ^^ 9 U^ "' •»"' ko-ch'u shing pun-yat me ? 
 
 j^i 
 
 of neckties, and 
 similar small articles) 
 
 ni hii ko ch'ii ki to pin a? 
 
LESSON XLVI (CONTINVED.) 
 
 ^af^' 
 
 4 I stay one third of the time Jv ^H-!-S — '■'^T^'^B 'ptt "SO tsoi Sluing sam fan yau yat 
 
 at Canton and two thirds at Sw, -ff'.^'^^ ~~f^JTr ^""^ "oi, tsoi Heung-kong 
 
 Hongkong "^f — -Pp mlj sam fSn yau i kom uoi 
 
 5 Is tomorrow new year's day? §^ p l^^'^^Jj — D^ t'ing-yat hai nin oh'oh yat me? 
 
 'm hai, hai yun lit ch'oh yat 
 
 che 
 k'ii sheung ha an-chan loi ; ha- 
 
 'ng tsau hu hiu lok 
 k'ii loi shi ki to tim chung 
 
 ni? 
 hai lenng tim yat ko kok 
 ko fa-tin yau luk lat shii 
 
 
 6 No, it is the first day of the 
 
 intercalary month 0^" 
 
 7 He came here about noon; and lE f* [■> 
 
 went in the afternoon -A- ff 
 
 8 What o'clock was it when he 'fRjt^Bi^ 
 
 came ? (Wfl 
 
 9 It was a quarter past two -j^ pj^ ^iS "^ -^ 
 
 10 There were six rows of trees iffl ^t<> ^J ^-H ~f^ W\ 
 
 in the garden jjgi 
 
 11 He has a very fine looking- "fR-^-^IHBf^^"! ^T ^'" ?"" J"' ^° niin-kcng shap- 
 
 glass jtf ''r'E '^" ''" ^^ 
 
 12 Women wear earrings ; men "3^ A»'t?-^2^B' J^yv nii-yan tai i-wan ; nam-yan tai 
 
 wear finger rings 'iB^TOt'lH kai-clii 
 
 13 Pat the money in your ^il3f'^^^f^^''i)[^ '='^^' ''°-'' "S™ 's°' ''' ^^ '>^- 
 
 j^<^ p'ing-toi 
 
 ■JS ^S ^ ^ t^ V^ ^° po-sham-p'oh tso hon- 
 
 a^ sham 
 
 f;5*,gi*^|^|fa3^ niiutaingan-kengme? 
 
 16 Do Foreigners and Chinese ^h^ yV'^\ WyvB^^^ ngoi-kwok yan kung T'ong-yan 
 
 purse 
 
 14 The needle-woman makes 
 
 shirts 
 
 15 Do you require spectacles? 
 
 take snuff? 
 
 17 Yes, Foreigners use snuff- 
 
 looxes ; Chinese use snuff 
 bottles 
 
 18 Women do not wear neck- 
 
 ties 
 
 19 Neckties are of all colours 
 
 20 Did he want to buy a sword ? IS. 
 
 21 No, he wanted to buy all sorts p^ 'j^, '[g 
 
 of goods P[^^ 
 
 to shik pi-in me ? 
 I' ^[^0y\ffi ;^'!^0 ^^^' iigo'-kwok yan yung pi-in- 
 
 Pit 
 
 m 
 
 hop ; T'ong-yan yung 
 
 pi-in-u 
 nu-yau 'm lam keng-tai 
 
 ke 
 keng-tai yau kok yeung shik ke 
 k'ii iu mai cheung kim me? 
 'm hai, k'ii iu mai kok yeung 
 
 ke foh 
 
136 
 
 Ll:SM)N XLVI (CONTliM'Lb.) 
 
 21; Has that sliup bcsl .juality [lf0 ff^^g^^Jl^''^ '^° '^'"' p'o-t'an yau slieung taug 
 
 goods? "W^^ kefohme? 
 
 23 No. It does not sell goods, it ^, ffeP^;^ M''^' mt '"°' '^'^ '™ ""^' '°'^ '^®' '^''' "^'""^ 
 
 is a watchmaker's M^xf^U^ P'" '° '^^'^ 
 
 •J4 Is your watch-key on your i/^'^^^^.^^^^.'f^s'^^L^^ °' '^"^ piu-sM hai ni ke piu-liu 
 
 watuli-cljain? S^fSp'tt^ lai me ? 
 
 25 Ale these things first or midd- P|P,!]Hn^''j^'S^ ^x5^ "'"'' ^^ ^'^ '''^ ^^^ '^"^ "^^' climig 
 
 ling quality ? ffl ^^^^M '^''"° '^'^ "' ' 
 
 2(_; They are all of low qua- tS^^ "BS^^'M'T*^ ^'"'*' ^'^' *' '° ^*' '^^ '""° 
 
 lity p|^ ke 
 
 27 He has cloth to sell of all tSW-^'l^fe''^'fl7 ttl ''" ^^" ^°^ y™ng shik ke pu 
 
 colours ^J ch'ut mai 
 
 2S What's the price of that red tlfJlltl&{],^T'l1'j'[JiS'fM ^°'^' hung-po mat-ye ka ts'in 
 
 cloth? ^'^M "'■ 
 
 29 He asks a dollar and quarter BlHl/EfB^^^ [Ml^^ ' '^° P''^' ''" '" ^^^ ^° ^'"^ ^^^ 
 
 for that piece 'm kok 
 
 yi) That is too dear; I can't af- "tT B fP^'^^' SrPatli '''^' '^^^' '^'^ '^^'' '^S" ™ ch'ul 
 
 ford it :|^ tak 
 
 31 How old is your son? -^ ^]J g- ^^|^ ling-long kwai kari!; a? 
 
 32 My son is very young: only yJ^^L"!'^*' f^'zE.' l" ™"' ^hap-fan hau shan,:: . shap 
 
 sixteen years >'^^*BS" ^'^^ ^'^' ^^^ 
 
 33 I've not sopu your father for J J v" ^E «|) 'TJC «" ^, ]Jw 1^ shing nin to mi ts'arg kin kwo m 
 
 ling-tsiin lok 
 
 a whole year -^^^ 
 
 .it You will see him when he iR'^* □ l^^?3Ri "W^ ^'^ kam-yat ha-chau loi, ni tsau 
 comes this afternoon JSVL.MjIEPh' kin k'ii lok 
 
 35 The price of that is seventy- DlHiBffy ^-Tjl* 3l t^ '"^"'' '" ''^''^* ^''"P "S "" 
 
 five dollars 
 
 36 How many times did you fj^^a&^B^K^^pR/S '" "='^ chung ki to pin ni? 
 
 ring the bell ? 
 
 37 Is that bottle m.idu i.f OfQ '(13|@'^^J^^''i!£ ''°"''° *^"" ^*' P°"'' *'"? ^'^ 
 
 glass ? R^ mo ? 
 
 38 How many more times will f>5^SP^B^|ia^^^^ '" '^'^""^ ^'^ ui-ch'u U to pin 
 
 ^¥P^ 
 
 you tome here? 
 
 &^ 
 
 t'im a: 
 
LESSONS XJUVI AND XLVII. 
 
 137 
 
 39 I oanuet say, tccaase I don't ^P§-fJ|^^, jj) j^ "go '•» ^^ t^k ting, yan wai ngo 
 
 know ;|^p3S.^fl||, -mohitak 
 
 40 That sort of cloth won't suit BfQ^-ffjP^-^J^)^ ko yeung po 'm hop ngo yung 
 
 "le ke 
 
 LESSON XLVII. 
 
 WLafs o'clock? 
 
 Excuse me 
 
 
 § 
 
 
 hi to tivi 
 
 chung ni ? 
 
 silTi' ngo 'm 
 
 cheulc 
 
 yal tim chung 
 
 One o'cloclc 
 
 Hiilf past two ffipfi^li leung tim pail' 
 
 To go fast (as a clocli) ^~T 'yjh hang /ai' 
 
 To malie a mistalce Wot ^a chimi ts'oK' 
 
 m 
 
 To get in one's light 
 I beg pardon 
 To live at 
 To rain 
 Permit me ! . 
 To be mistaken 
 To search for 
 
 ft^ 
 
 
 cUe-hah 
 
 'm-koi 
 
 chii^-tsoi 
 
 lok u 
 
 yung-ngo' 
 
 ts'oK- 
 
 ts'iim 
 
 Passive verbs. 
 
 The passive voice of Chinese verbs may be formeJ by adding certain particles 
 to the root or infinitive ; but most sentences which take a passive form in English 
 are preferentially rendered in Chinese by the active form of the verb, and a corres- 
 ponding change in the sentence. Thus "/ have ieen beaten by him''' would be 
 rendered by "/ie has beaten me." jg ^J ^^ K'ij ta ts'an ngo. The tendency 
 of Chinese colloquial is towards simplification, and this is aided by the habit of 
 making sentences as short as possible, thus to a great extent dispensing with passive 
 formations, relatives, etc. As the student, however, should be acquainted with 
 the passive voice, an exa~iple is given hereunder, the formative particles being 
 in brackets. These formations are not, strictly speaking, colloquial, but are per- 
 fectly well understood, and are at times used, by educated Cantonese. 
 
 I am beaten 
 I am hated 
 I was beaten 
 I was cheated 
 
 
 ngo' (pi' td) ts'dn, 
 ngo' (pi' Mil) u' 
 ngo' (ts'ang pi') td ts'dn, 
 ngo' (ts'ang fi') p'iii 
 
138 
 
 LESSON XLVII (continued.) 
 
 I may be loved 
 He may be hated 
 I might be taught 
 He might be pitied 
 
 
 ngo' (wak ehe hin) oi' 
 
 k'ii (wak che Hn) u" 
 
 ngo' (wak chs ho mung) kau' 
 
 k'ii' (wak che ho mung) Hn 
 
 If I listen 
 If he teaches 
 If we spoke 
 
 (yeuk hai') ngo' t'eng 
 (yenk hai^) k'ii kav^ 
 
 If they exerted themselves (^f^)fgl5^( H))^ ^ ^1^'^^ ^'"') k'ii'-td' (hang) yung~ lik 
 Would that he could go ! (jBg ^ ig) |g ^ (iiu' ;;«< <a/!-) k'ii' kv.' ! 
 
 Kone of is it clear (comprehensible) -rT |]K| 0H pT PSF mo' fo' ming-pak ke 
 
 1^ tfj^ 10 — ' ■^ ''""§ ^■"'"^■"^ ^"^ yeung' 
 fj^ ^tl ^ P^ H^ ^go' chi Chan ke' lok 
 %^ Jh, 'jS W WX" tso' ma< sAm Ao' a ? 
 
 Pi li fl^ P§- # '°""g' *"" '" '" '^^'^ 
 
 W P** yL iH ^^ ™^^' ^''' ^'™ ^"^ '^''^ 
 pS. -/jBT • 'IJB ^^ 'm chik yat ko' ts'ia 
 
 Ji^st like that 
 
 I'm sure of it 
 
 What is it good for? 
 
 It is neither 
 
 It cost nine cash 
 
 NiDt worth a cash 
 
 I hadrather 
 
 Not worth so much 
 
 Commence work to day 
 
 It's the market price - 
 
 She would not allow it 
 
 X 
 
 
 ngo iiing-un 
 'm chik koni' to 
 idm-yat hoi knn.g 
 
 k'ii 'm chuii 
 
 i^^^ 
 
 
 'ng'-mi'-/»,' 
 t'in-ia»^, hjk 
 t'oi-/io' 
 
 tO-tS'i', 
 
 Castor-stand 
 Ladle 
 
 Table-cloth 
 Small plate 
 Small knife or 
 penknife 
 
 1 Did you hang up the punkah? f^^^l'^O 
 
 2 TeU him to search for those B^jg^^^ 
 
 chopsticks Hp 
 
 Gravy dish 
 
 Punkah 
 
 Cork 
 
 Cupboard 
 
 Bowl 
 
 
 chcrp'Chung 
 fung-shxji' 
 tsun-chut 
 2ift -kwai* 
 
 Unfl^' 
 
 ni kwa hi ko pa fung-shin mi 
 
 ni? 
 kiu k'ii ts'am cheuk ko-ti fai- 
 
 tsz 
 
LESSON XLVii (continued.) 139 
 
 3 He is always getting in ray t^'ffl^ Bi^ J^ ,^ ^ '^''' slioung-shi che-hak ngo 
 
 light 
 
 4 You make a mistake; it is not f^^^^B^'; Pafjllpti" niching ts'oh lok; 'm chik kom 
 
 ■worth so much ^^ to 
 
 5. What do you guess is the 13^10 'PiS'Bif [MR/^ ni ku mat-ye slii ka ni? 
 
 market price ? 
 
 6 I think it is two dollars. I may ^HgfrS'^^ bM 8 pU '^' "go ku hai leung un. wak che 
 
 be mistaken $C^B °^° '^'°^ 
 
 7 That cannot be guessed PaluJ 'f^T^'^B/lL '™ ^^ '^'^ chung ke 
 
 8 I had rather go if he wishes -K-'fHtll ^ , ^^^^ j^ yeuk k'ii ohung-i ngo ning un 
 
 it ^^ ''" ^°^ 
 
 9 Did he ask you what's tS"^ BHf^^^ ^rP^ '''" ^^^ ™^° "' ^ '° ''"" °'^"°g 
 
 o'clock? ^g^pH moni? 
 
 10 He might have asked ; I don't "IQ pl» /S ^S Rfl j ^cPo" ''''^ ^^^ '^^^ y^" '"^'^ ' "8° '™' 
 
 remember aHi'm'P&' ^^ ^^^ ^°^ 
 
 11 He was first cheated, and then fR^fc^l^ /^SS" '^'^ ''" ^'^ P' y™ P''"i ^^^ P' ** 
 
 beaten "JT^ '*''''" 
 
 12 If we spoke to him he exerted ^^O^^^S^' fS ^^'^ "°°'^ "^' ^'"^ ^°"^' ^'"■ 
 
 hunself ^M^''^ tsau yung Uk lok 
 
 13. Did they never hve at Hong- f^^-^P^^^^'^'f^ k'U-ti mo hai Heung-kong chii 
 kong?. jjS[EE kwo me? 
 
 14 Permit me to ask its price ^^^^K fPuP h'GtS^IM^ffi y>i°g "go °i^i ka mat-ye ka-ts'in 
 
 15 Ifthey had exerted themselves ^K''fe^ f^lljjg^ Ifl /(^'i ^^y^"'^ ^^"'''i-*' y*" yii°g ^^i". 
 
 (iiey would have finished it T^ $?^r"7f'''^^^fl' *^^" i-king tso iin ke lok 
 
 16 Did it rain here daily in this WKj^i H H -^SPffiT^g. pH ni-ch'ii yat yat hai kom lok ii 
 
 way? ^W^ keme? 
 
 17 It would be a good thing if it ^^PJr^ijtilJtfi^ $??$!) "'°S ^o kom tso tsau ho la 
 
 did (would that it did ! ) 
 
 18 Your o'clock goes a great deal fm^Sf ^a^'T'f^ ySC'l^ °^ '^^ chung hang tak t'ai fal 
 
 too fast 
 
 19 Is that man hated by people ? Bjbt fffl A Sfe A iPS"^^tffi ko-ko yan pi yan tsang-u me ? 
 
 20 He might be loved if he were 'f^B^I^'Sf f^ ^ ^>^ ^'^ y°^'^ '^"^ ^° ^^ ^^^ '^^^ ^^' 
 
 good yV^N ^^ y*"^ ^^'^^ °' 
 
140 LESSON XLVII (continued.) 
 
 21 People say he is much to ha A IMi^fl^f^ "f^:^^ yan-ti wa k'ij hai' shap-faij iir 
 
 pitied '^P^ lin ke 
 
 22 He uses a corkscrew to open 'fHM'fiSvS^''^- ilof0 ^'^ y-™" ^° tsau-tsun lai hoi. 
 
 thatfcottle mil's ko-!iotsun 
 
 23 Did you put the table cloth 'fStMl^Ml'^llj'ffl'S _t. "' ^°°S cheung t'oi-po tsoi t'oi 
 
 on the table ? I^kIHE aheung lai me ? 
 
 24 Has he get a ladle and a f R^H IH'TTj"'^ '^'H" tni '''" ^^^ '^° ^°^ ^v.ng chek chap- 
 
 gravy dish ? I^H chung me ? 
 
 25 That small knife of his is not f^UfS^^tlJl 7} J^P^Yj^ l'^'" I^» cheung sai to-tsai 'm chik 
 
 worth a cash "~~"1B]^^ J^* ^° *'"'" 
 
 26 If he washed the bowlit would ^"■f'^TSi^^M. ^I'i'fi WC 5'"'^ ^^ '^''^ ^*' '^^° '''■'^''- "° '^^'" 
 
 be clean ^'/f^^'iJtf'^ kon-tsing ke lok 
 
 27 They would not allow it to f^l/^pS "Hf^-f^i/t ''^''i-*' '™ ''™g P' "^'^ ^^' 
 
 be washed 
 
 28 Do you understand the sen- _lli^6ff ^'flSll&tl^^ slieung ko shoh se ko-ti kii il n-. 
 
 tences given above? f^l^t^PaB^ shiktak'mni? 
 
 29 They are not very clear fE^tjIPrt'i^^h':^ ^Ifl k'ii-ti 'm hai shap-iau ming- 
 
 |±J pak 
 
 30 Chmese and English people I^^^^Q A.^'o"^ T'ong-yan kung Ying-kwok yan 
 
 are not quite alike ~| ^X -rlf 1^ ™ ^^ shap-fiin seung t'ung 
 
 31 If yon liked you might he /S^fef^T^ ^Eff^' j/^^ ^''"'^ '^"^^ "' "^^""S"'! "' '"'"'^ '''"^ 
 
 taught -^^ PJ g^^T ho mung kau 
 
 32 If we spoke Chinese daily we ^^ ■iS> ^& Imji ^ R 3^ yeuk hai ngo-ti yat yat kong 
 
 should learn quickly Ig- gi CnT »^ :S T'ong-wa tsau hok tak 
 
 1^ H^ fai lok 
 
 33 Are you quite sure of what '(^^^''|=!t' f^^B"!^ "' ^^'^°^ '^°"S ke; ni chi tak chan 
 
 you said ? M p§ |l)^ 'm ni ? 
 
 Si 1 am sure of it ; every body 5& *{| ■^JjU^Btf i A. yV "S" '^^^ ^^^ chan lok ; yan yan 
 
 says so ^I^SwilfH *° '^°™ ^^ 
 
 35 Excuse me ! I think you are fe.^^ll§"^3 Rjft'J) 2E1m '^"^ "^° '"^ oheuk la ! ngo ku ni 
 
 mistaken f^|glM *^'°'' ^ 
 
 63 Permit me to say you are ^^ ^ ^S |j5t pS ^ y™S "go I'ong ni 'm oheuk 
 
 wrong ! pS'lj la 
 
LESSONS XLVII AND XLVIIT. 
 
 141 
 
 37 If the teacher says so, it can- ^'^ ^'^^Mu^Wt^ y®"'' '^*' ^"^ *^"8 '""" ^^ '^^" 
 
 not he wrong ^•'^'^^ ■"" *''°'^ ^^ ^°^ 
 
 38 You may not hear rightly ^ ^fj^^^PufttSfJ ^^'^ "^^ "' ''^"^ 'm chau k'a 
 
 what he says g^ wa che 
 
 39 If he spealss plainly we shall 3^i^'fg^|^9^ Q ^ yeuk hai k'ii kong tak ming-pak 
 
 ™<Je"-stand #^l^ fl=H^ °g»-« ''''"I sl^'k tak lok 
 
 40 Let ns aU commence to- ^^B^PJ^'^'';% -^ 3 t™S "go-'i ham-pang-lan kom- 
 
 ^^J M 32 yat hoi kuug 
 
 LESSON XLVIIT. 
 
 The following words are of frequent use with the conditional word. 
 
 Suppose that 
 
 f^^ 
 
 t'ong -yeuk 
 
 Unless 
 
 3B^Pg# 
 
 yeak 'm hai* 
 
 For instance 
 
 #$R 
 
 p'i'-u 
 
 Do. 
 
 mn- 
 
 ch'u/ 
 
 Do. 
 
 mn 
 
 ch'it-sze 
 
 Perhaps 
 
 ^^ 
 
 wak eke 
 
 Possibly 
 
 rTJ^ 
 
 ho'-i 
 
 If 
 
 5g^fi 
 
 yeuk hai* 
 
 Do. 
 
 m 
 
 nang 
 
 
 
 
 Adveebs of Place. 
 Variations of the renderings given in former lessons will be found in the 
 following list. 
 
 At what place ? •H jHI J-j mat tV-Jbng ? 
 
 Do. 'fcj" ^, P/^ ho ch'U mi? 
 
 ^( |jK tj/3 iJJH. ha' M ? 
 
 ■SE >& M *'°^' y™' p'"' 
 
 'SE ^ 1M '^°'' '™*' p"*' 
 
 'j£ T* IS '^°'' ^*' p"*' 
 
 W^M i"*'' Jia"' p'"' 
 
 ^ i^ j^ tsor hau* pin* 
 
 Where? 
 To the right 
 To the left 
 Downwards 
 Backwards 
 Behind 
 
 Far, far off 
 
 Near 
 
 Abroad 
 
 Outside 
 
 Hither 
 
 Whither 
 
 Above 
 
 Below 
 
 
 iin , iin cA'ii* 
 
 / /{- ^h IgH- tsoi* ngoi* kwok 
 
 A-\- yh oj tsoi* ngoi* ch'nt 
 
 ^PM^ tsoi*mcA'a* 
 
 'SB BJS ;^ tsoi* Ho chV 
 
 M^_ r l& tsoi* sheung* l-o 
 
 ?£ "F JH^ tsoi* ha* <ai 
 
142 
 
 Aside 
 Hero 
 Do. 
 Yonder 
 
 LESSON XLVIII (continued.) 
 
 /j +l ■ iW 'soi' !/(-it pin' 
 
 ^ IJ/g, f^ tsoi> ni pin' 
 'SbB^^ tsoi'«,c4',.. 
 
 ,. ^ Rm fiM *'™' ''"' ''^" 
 
 You are very smart 
 
 To study (lit. read aloud) diligently 
 
 To exert oneself 
 
 Eouud about 
 Upwards 
 Before 
 There 
 
 f^ iff f& ^ ''^ ™' *"' ^"^ *'"*"' "^'^ 
 
 cAfflw wai 
 tsoi' stieung' 
 tsoi' ts'in 
 
 To shut both eyes 
 
 Quite harmonious 
 
 Don't worry me 
 
 To sent a messenger 
 
 Pour in a little more oil - 
 
 Pour out a little tea 
 
 So well dressed 
 
 Dressed Uke a Chinese 
 
 He sliipped a page (in reading) 
 
 m-nmm 
 m &^ vft m 
 
 I^U 
 
 k'an lik tuk sh-il 
 ck'ut lik tso lok' 
 mi mai sheung ngaa 
 yat t'iin woh hi' 
 mai im' mun' ngo 
 to. -fat yan Au' 
 cAam ti yau i'/?M 
 c7iam ^i ch*a lai 
 iom' Ao cAo?^^-pall^ 
 pan' T'ong-yan chong 
 lai /(iw yat pHn 
 
 One advantage of the deficiencies (as Europeans are apt to consider them) 
 of Chinese grammar, is that there is no such thing as an irregular verh, while nouns 
 are " declined," if that term can be used, in a simple and unvarying way. This very 
 simplicity, however, obliges rigid adherence to precise form in framing sentences,, 
 and the student will do well to commit every example given to memory. 
 
 Cheese (a bastard ^^^ cM-shi-peng Teacup (large) ^^ 
 
 word) Table napkm )^ m 
 
 Chicken pie 
 
 mm 
 
 Tea board (waiter) 7^ ^ 
 
 Chicken ^^ ff 
 
 Capon ^ij ^ 
 
 Crab SS' 
 
 kal-tsai -min- 
 
 hwai 
 
 ('oi-p'un 
 
 kai-t$ai 
 
 sirC-hal 
 
 hai' 
 
 Teacup (large) 
 Table napkm 
 Small waiter 
 Slop basin 
 Tea strainer 
 Tooth pick 
 Soup ladle 
 Table mat 
 
 wm 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 7Q 
 
 ch'si-chung 
 
 ch'a-iuii 
 
 ch'a-p'uH' 
 
 ch'a-W 
 
 ch'a-lau^ 
 
 nga-(s'(-tt 
 
 t'ong-hok 
 
 tip-(si/(.^ 
 
 1 Where did you send the mes- j^ JT'^ iS A'i^ 
 
 sengerto? ^ttR/j^ 
 
 2 Suppose that he does not ^f ■jffi 'fH [I- 
 
 m 
 
 1 
 
 ni ta-fat ko yan hii pin- 
 
 ch'iini? 
 ell 'it sze k'ii 'm fan lai ni? 
 
 return ? 
 
LESSON XLvni (continued.) M3 
 
 5 Perhaps, he will not exert himself ^^'[gpE-'^yj^ wak cho k'ii 'm li.nig cli'ut lik 
 
 4 Unless he studies diligently he ^P§-'|^fS^^^§, yeuk 'mhai k'u k'iin-lik tuk shu, 
 will be punished jg ^L^ M "13 f*^ ^'^ '*''" ^1^^" chak-fat lok 
 
 6 How can he possibly study? fEjl^f ^^§0^fg^ k'ii tim nang tuk shu che? k'u 
 
 .he has no tune fl^ '^PJI ^o s'''-''"" 1' 
 
 « TeU me, for intance, if he is fJ^^P, '^^Ofg']^ wa ugo chi, p'i-ii 'kU L,n-to a 
 
 7 At what place is his house? fg^l^^^^^^lg, k'u ke uk tsoi pin ch'u iii? 
 
 8 First turn to the right, and -^^^^ 1^, ^^^I^ sin ohun kwo yau, hau chun kwo 
 
 -then to the left TC tsoh 
 
 .9 Walk round about the town PfQ'O^jJ^^^jl^Il^ ko-ko shing chau-wai hang kwo lok 
 
 10 Is that a man or a boy ^ ^^ lS;^Hf01@'|^.'^ tsoi-hoi-t'au ch'U ko-ko liai taiyan 
 
 yonder ? J\^ ^ ^g ^f?5^ '^^^ sai-man-tsai ni ? 
 
 Ill can't see ; it is too far off ^EB^fa^^ ' iM.'ra^^^^ "^^ ''^^ "^ ^'°' "" *^'^ '^^' 
 
 12 Does he live above or below 1 H^fl^ jgg J' H ffiS N^5 k'ii tsoi lo sheung chi lo ha kit 
 
 the road? 'fiR/S ohuni? 
 
 13 He lives behind the barracks 'fH ^^£ J^ ^ |^ 1 j k'u tsoi ping-fong hau pin cliu 
 
 14 Has your father ever been 'pj^'p'!^^ |lj3i^^[»^ ni ling-tsiin yau ch'ut kwo ngoi 
 
 abroad ? P/B mo ni ? 
 
 15 Smoke goes upwards; water jKraliCt_r."S'' y^tCgg N i° ts'ung sheung hu; shui moug 
 
 flows downwards Jm^ ha lau 
 
 16 Had you ever seen him be- ■^ ^ ^'R /^'StS'n' °' '^'"°S '^''^ y^" ^in kwo k'ii 
 
 fore ? ^ mo ni ? 
 
 17 Possibly I have seen him ^ ^^^^?MtS^5 '"*'' "'"^ °S0 yau kin kwo k'u to 
 
 once ^C/E ™' ''°S 
 
 18 Put the table mat on the ^^fM^^E^^S ''°°S ''^' t'oi-ts'in tsoi oheung t'oi 
 
 table ®P^ ™ii Jai 
 
 19 Take care not to break the ■^'J^fflR^T-'fT'^^ TO 'ft^ tsz-sai mai ta-lan ko chek t'ong 
 
 soup ladle i^i» hok 
 
 20 Bring the cups here on a tea- JP'l|g^SlLfpllB>J'P^I*^ P' ^o t'ok-p'un nim ti pui lai ni- 
 
 board ^^ ch'il 
 
 21 Pour the tea into the slop basin 'raJllM-^'^-'f^'hs'i^ IW '° '' '^'^'^ '°k ko oh'a-un lai 
 
 22 What is the use of a tooth-pick? ^^^-{^i^^^W^Mi "8*-'^'''" tso mat yung ke ni ? 
 
1,^1 LKhSON XLVllI (CONXlNUEb.) 
 
 23 It is used l.y Chinese to pick ^ \}^^^, ^ T'ong-yan yung lai ts'im nga 
 
 the teeth ^^ ke 
 
 24 W'liat is that ? a capon or a D|^ ^f^ -{^ |^P^> j^\\ ^° "'^'^^ ^^^ mat-ye aV sin kai 
 
 chicken ^ 5> ^f? B'S ^'" kai-tsai ni ? 
 
 25 It is a uhiekeu which I am go- ']^^^'f^> ^ w'^S ^^' ^^^ '^^' "^''' '^'^"°n' 'i" ohiug 
 
 ing to use lor a pie ^iSffi,''!^ min-kwai ke 
 
 26 Where are crabs found ? ^S- pfe ^g j^ ^^ D/j^ hai hai pin-ch'ii yau ni ? 
 
 27 They are found at Hongkong ^'^K'S Brf-^IS'H Heuiig-kong yau shi to yau 
 
 sometimes 
 2s What is the distinction between '^f^^^-i^^^^^^^'b.y^ t'ok-p'un kung ch'a-p'un yau 
 a /'ok-jiuii and a ch'a-piia? 0|J 3/^ mat fan-pit ni ? 
 
 29 Tlie one is a large, the other "HS^Bftjj "IS/flffl y*' '^o tai ti, yat ko sai ti 
 
 a small w:iitcr tj^ 
 
 30 Does the ciolie put oil in the 'll^^ ffi" StVw}^ 10^. ^° ''^tm-tim cham yau lok ko 
 
 lamp ? il^f^H^ *=™ '™g '''' ™'3 '' 
 
 31 He pnts oil lu it ; but he wants '[^^^Vttl"^'^''^) 'fS ^'^ ^^™ 7"" ^°^ ^^ 'ok, tan 
 
 a little more ■fS^f^^ '^'^ '"^ *' ''™ 
 
 32 One should read hoo!;s slowly yv/V^M s'^^'l'Sl^>>» ^^" ^^^ ^^^ ^'^^ '" man-man yau 
 
 and carefully ^S^'M^V^jtjlf iu lau-sam ching ho 
 
 33 Is that person well dressed? Rl&JfS/v'^jffjfet^f^ ko-ko yan hai ho chong-paa 'm 
 
 Pgliig ni? 
 
 34 Not so well dressed as we are -7! ^BjtwP"y'^-3te£^;^ ™° "go-'' l^om ho chong-pan 
 
 35 Did he skip a page in reading f^^^ § R^S |^ ' ^ k'ti tuk shu lai-hiu yat p'in 
 
 that book? Ba^ me? 
 
 36 He skipped several pages tS^Jl^^Mpli'^P^ ^'^ ''"-'"" ^' P''i '^o™ '0 lok 
 
 37 Is he dressed like a Chinese 'fHt^lWy^'l^^ ^h H '^'^ I'^" T'ong-yan chong chi ngoj 
 
 or Foreigner ? ^'Ilt ^ ''^^ y^" '=*'°°g ■" ' 
 
 38 He is dressed like an An- tH'jT-l^itf ^ 10^ ^'" ** 1"™ ^° *^^ 7^* '^° On-nam 
 
 namese f«,AB^'S yan kom yeung 
 
 39 Is that place very far off? OiBl^^'f tM.'^¥ ko-ch'ii ho Un me? 
 
 4U It is not very far off; It is P^i^'f^^JM,"!^ i jj^ '™ ^"" ^hap-lan iin ke ; lio kan 
 very near jK- g^ the 
 
1 KSS,(.i!S XHX. 
 
 H5 
 
 LESSON XLDv 
 
 Adverbs op Place (Continued.) 
 ^ ^ ;^ y*" '' '"■''-'''' '''" ^ 
 
 •nfT 5^ j^S nio' phi-ch'h'' 
 
 Classifiers (continued ) 
 67. Tsung -^ a matter, is applied to affairs, court cases, business matters, etc. ( — of 
 
 Whence ? 
 
 Thence 
 
 Hence 
 
 Nowhere 
 
 Everywhere 
 
 .jsa-lja 
 
 ck^ tC ch''vi^ 
 
 Anywhere 
 
 ^[^ 
 
 koh ch^u" 
 
 Inwards 
 
 ^ft 
 
 tsoi" uoi*" 
 
 Outwards 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 tsoi^n gor 
 
 68. T'oi 1^ a table, stage, 
 
 69. Mi M the tail, 
 
 infrequent occurrence.) 
 plays and theatrical performances, 
 fishes. 
 
 A radical (of a 
 
 character) 
 A steamer 
 Clim.ate 
 
 
 tsz'-po' 
 tsz'-mo 
 foil -shiin 
 shut -t^o 
 
 To speak Chinese ^slm'Wff Icong T'ong-wa^ 
 
 To trouble one ^^ A. ''^° ^° y^" 
 
 A port clearance MC'TTIW fong'-iaa'^-chi 
 
 Meaning (of a word) ^^ ^gj e'-sze^ 
 
 Writing ^& rT. se tsz^ 
 
 The Student will not have failed to remark the way in which adverbs are 
 formed from nouns, adjectives, and verbs. In some cases the adverbial form is 
 given by repeating the adjective and affixing ti fl^ or ke P|^; e.g., slowly man 
 
 MAN TI i[^ <|^ R|^. 
 
 Weights and measures, 1. 
 
 1 Kernel is 
 
 
 
 Shil 
 
 m 
 
 
 10 S/iii' 
 
 = 
 
 
 Lui' 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 10 Lui' 
 
 = 
 
 
 ChO. 
 
 ii 
 
 
 24 Chii 
 
 = 
 
 
 Lmng 
 
 Wi 
 
 tael (or ounce 
 
 10 Leung 
 
 = 
 
 
 K&n 
 
 fr 
 
 catty (of li lb.) 
 
 2 Kin. 
 
 = 
 
 
 Yan' 
 
 ^ 
 
 of2f lb. 
 
 30 Kail, 
 
 = 
 
 
 Kwdii 
 
 m 
 
 of 40 lb. 
 
 100 Kan 
 
 = 
 
 
 Tarn' 
 
 m 
 
 picul (of 133J lb.) 
 
 120 Kan 
 
 
 
 
 Shek 
 
 s 
 
 of 166 lb. 
 
116 
 
 But little difference — very much alike 
 The climate does not suit 
 I have everything 
 Done all well 
 
 Curried fowl 
 
 Do. 
 Egg (dove's) 
 Egg (duck's) 
 Egg (hen's) 
 Egg (boiled) 
 Beche de mer 
 Butter 
 Duck (wild) 
 Ed 
 
 Egg (fired or 
 poached) 
 
 Either 
 
 'mm 
 
 LL6S0i\ XLIX (continued.) 
 Beefsteak 
 
 tai" t'ung sia i^ 
 'm fuk shui-t^o 
 mat-ye to yau' 
 tso'' ho sal'' lok 
 
 
 DlXX to 
 
 ka^-li'lcai 
 
 pak-^K^-tan' 
 a7?-tan' 
 l.ai-i-Mi' 
 shap tan' 
 hoi-sham 
 ngau-yau 
 shai -i-'p 
 shin -ii 
 tsin tan^ 
 
 Baked 
 
 Boiled 
 
 Fired 
 
 IMinced 
 
 Hashed 
 
 Do. 
 Roasted 
 Str-wed 
 Duck 
 
 (^$^4^ <'iV-p'a-ngat,- 
 (|^ yuk 
 
 
 kuk-shuk 
 
 shap-shuk 
 
 tsm-sh uk 
 
 min'-chi"* 
 
 hat-shik* 
 
 tsap-ui' 
 
 ap 
 Bastard words. 
 
 wak wak 
 
 wak ni ho' wak kd io' 
 'm hai" yau^ 'm hai" 
 
 Either this or that ^ ^/g, jQ ^ flfQI® 
 Neither nor- \^^ X^^i^ 
 
 mm 
 
 ho ko^ 
 
 Neither this nor that 
 
 To prefer -^'^M^ nuig-un' 
 
 1 Is that ship going inwards or [fp] ^ l|{5t {jj 13 ^ y\ ko chek shiin chu't hau wak yap 
 
 outwards ? P P|j[ P/g hau ke ni ? 
 
 2 I don't think she is going any ^fpf^^^^)P§- "go ku k'ii ch'ii-ch'u to 'm 
 
 where 
 
 3 Whence come all those 
 
 people ? 
 
 4 I can find those books no 
 
 where "Hyr 
 
 5 It is not your business to look J^^^V"t:J 
 
 for books ^ 
 
 6 I will not trouble you to look ^ P§-'J^ ^ f^^^ IS 
 
 for them P§> 
 
 
 %m 
 
 hii 
 kom to yan yau pin-ch'ii lai 
 keni? 
 I ngo mo pin-ch'ii wan tak chenk 
 ko-ti shii 
 wan shii 'm hai ni ke sze- 
 
 kon 
 ngo 'm fau-lo ni wan lok 
 
LKSSON Xl.IX (CONTINUKU.) 147 
 
 7 What sovt of climate lias "Q ^^Q^lt ^P'Sil'/S Shrmg-shing sliui-t'o tim yeung 
 
 Canton ? ni ? 
 
 8 Not very good ; the climate p^ jS -f- ^ W ; •j^ ^ 'ra hai sliap-fan ho ; Ijo shui-t'o 
 
 does not suit me lfcP§' □*St''i^ 'm hop ngo lie 
 
 9 The ship goes on the ebb tide, HfEl'^ 1^^^ ''K^'S 0$ "i* ^° °^^^ *^"" '^'^" ^'™' ''^°° *' 
 
 but with a fair wind X.tW IllR J^ hu, yau u shun fung 
 
 10 The Captain of the ship is on deck mft ^ ffiJjfifS^I^' shiin-ohu tsoi shiin-min lai 
 
 11 Has that steamer anchored BlS^^yCJTOl^^ffi 7^ ^° '^^^^ foh-shun p'au uau mi 
 
 yet? '&P'jP ts'angni 
 
 a 
 
 ;? 
 
 12 She will hoist sail as soon as she l5 — ^^ JK "TT^Ri^^iQ. ^'^ ^^^ ^"^ fong-hang-chi, tsau 
 
 has hev port clearance itjBP^ ch'e li lok 
 
 13 Do you speak Chinese? I speak TmPs ^a a ^5''^h1^' ^K "' "' ^°^° T'ong-wa me ? ngo yau. 
 
 it sometimes -^ Jtfe wR^S shi to kong 
 
 14 What is the meaning of that l)|PI'M'^S''f^ 3A ^ ko-ko tsz-mo hai tim kal ni? 
 
 radical? O/^ 
 
 15 Put it in writing for me to /^ '^^-^ iSc Jk RH Ff ^^ '"'^ '^^ ^^^^ "g° raing-pak 
 
 make it plain (ming-pak) 
 
 16 Is that your business? Ilf0fi\|f^f>J*>''^X:^tI^ 1^°-*' •"'i "' ^<^ kung-fu me? 
 
 17 It is not my business; I have P§"f^^|?tl|5F S, ^5K^^ ™' ''"' "S" ^^ ^''^i "S° J=^" fan 
 
 to do with plays f^'^lJIO^ tso hi che 
 
 18 Are there many fisli in that WQ'fj^'/fi^^^,^ ^°-^° ^"^ 7^'^ ''» to u me? 
 
 sea? tJ^E 
 
 19 Where does Beche-de-mec 't&^S^^^^^^^/RJ^^ hoi-sham hai pin-ch'u loi ke 
 
 come from ? BB ni ? 
 
 20 Are beef-steaks roasted or '^|^^Rf^^''i^^|'^ ngau-yuk-p'a hai tsin ke wak 
 
 stewed? P^PJ^ ui ke ni? 
 
 21 They ai-e always fired Pj^'^'^w ^'^^^^^^ ham-pang-lang to hai tsin ke to 
 
 22 Do you like carried fowl or fj^tc]-^ ^^Hjl^l^^^ "' '^^^^''^ ka-li-kai wak ka-Pi- 
 
 ourried duck ? l@|fiS ^/S "^ °' ' 
 
 23 I do not like either, I prefer p|^ ^ ^ ^^a ^ ^' ''^""^ y™"g "S" '» '■" clmng-i, 
 
 eggs ^ ffl M^^M "^" "''"""' ''" ""'^ 
 
 24 Do you like eggs boUed or i^^ M'Ji^'M. ^W> "' *"°g-' ^^^^P '™ ^^^^ *sin 
 J? ^B'S *™"'' 
 
148 LESSON XLIX (cONTTNUr.D.) 
 
 25 I prefer ,lucl;'s eggs if they ^i^ji^^^^ ^ ^.^M ^'^'^^'^ '"'' ^'"^P '" "S" chuiig-i 
 
 are boiled iff ap-tan 
 
 26 Did you ever eat salted hen's f/j\ 'H '^^ISW^ffi'^a ^f| ii y" shik ham kai-tan mo 
 
 eggs ? fSj2, ni ? 
 
 27 What are salted eggs? I never ffl^^g'fti'W, ^"tt/?^, 3jK ''*™ '^"i '™ mat-ye ni ? ngo mi 
 
 heard of them ^i^ g ^n \|^ ts'ang man kwo 
 
 28 All Chinese eat salted eggs P^'^^J'^n ]» ■'v^B^^ ham-pan-lan T'oag-yan to shifc 
 
 29 I haTO not seen them any- oX^a;^iSR'0 >^>!S "S° ch'ii-ch'u to mo kin kwo 
 
 where j^ljilfe k'ii-ti 
 
 30 Buy me a catty of beef- ^ — -jfyJ^ i^^G^ '"^^ y^' '^^° ngau-yuk-p'a kwo 
 
 steaks ^p ngo 
 
 31 Had I not better buy one ^P^'j^ W '^^^^ "go 'm hai mai yat pong me? 
 
 pound ? 
 
 32 Beche-de-mer is sold by the ^ ^ -^ ^ |;0 ^ hoi-sham hai shing tarn mai ke 
 
 pieul P|^ 
 
 33 How many ounces make a ^^ ^ P|f ^S — ' fV^M' ^' *° '"^""^ ^'^^ ^^^ '^™ "' '' 
 
 catty ? 
 
 34 Sixteen Cliinese ounees make )g'/V,~|";^pj^'^ ■ T'ong-yan shap-lnk leung w.xj 
 
 one catty jfy- yat kan 
 
 85 How many catties make a ^.^ Jy^^ — ^^SB^ ^' *° '^™ ^^ i'^^ ^^^ ^^ ? 
 picul ? 
 
 30 A picul contains one hundred 'I'H ^P ^ — "W/T ^^^ ^^'^ *^''^ ''^' ^''^ P"*^ '^■"■ 
 
 catties 
 
 37 A sA/7.-, then, is more than a . — '^^jM — ^tMO^ yat shek to kwo yat tam me ? 
 
 picul ? 
 
 38 A sJiik is one hundred and '^^fl 'j^ — 'W^ ^^*^ ^^^^ ^^'^ *'^ y^' P^^^ ^"8 '" 
 
 twenty catties ZL.'\' fv ^^^f ^^^ 
 
 39 There is then but little differ- PH^fPf^P^j^Hl^ leung yeung to hai 'm t'lmg 
 
 ence between the two ? pg^ ke me ? 
 
 40 There is a difference of '^ Zl ~H /tP^" |q| chang i-shap kan 'm t'ung 
 
 twenty catties 
 
LKSK( IN L. 
 
 149 
 
 LESSON L. 
 
 Adverbs and Adverbial Expressions of Present Time, 
 
 In the morning SB flS S. cim-t'au-fao' To this day I 
 
 At niglit 
 This morning 
 This evening 
 To-night 
 Mid-night 
 By niglit 
 
 '^ 5^ M y«'-"'™-''n^' 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 A processsion 
 A tube 
 
 Jcam-chiu 
 X'('//i-man 
 
 pun-ye" 
 ye^-kan 
 
 Day-time Q ^ 
 
 By day g f^ 
 
 Now, at present ^p -^ 
 
 Now-a-days jK- xJX 
 
 This time 
 
 yat 
 
 yat-t'au 
 
 yat-^an 
 
 kan-loi 
 rti-clian^ 
 
 lam 
 
 m 
 
 ch^ui-ynu 
 t'ung 
 
 trees. 
 
 70. Pari /j|^ a board, slab, is applied to processions, shallow vessels of wood, &<_ 
 
 71. Chii ;i('^ a trimk,] 
 
 "^ r are . 
 
 & Kan jsJ^ a root, ) 
 
 72. Ji'Mre' i^ a reed, is ,, tubes (chiefly those of bamboo) 
 
 A thorough acquaintance with the auxiliary parts of speech, such as adverbs, 
 prepositions, etc., is of the highest importance to the student who would learn to 
 accurately express those shades of meaning implied in English by the tenses of 
 verbs. Copious vocabularies of such words are therefore given in these lessons. 
 
 Measures of Length. 
 
 1 Nap 
 
 n 
 
 10 Fan 
 
 ^ 
 
 10 Ts'utC 
 
 ■t 
 
 10 Ch'eJk 
 
 R 
 
 or gram = 
 
 10 Cheung^ p(^ 
 
 = 1 Yan' 
 
 1 Fan Ar or division 
 
 1 Ts'un' \\ or inch 
 
 1 Ch'ek J\^ or foot 
 
 1 Cheung^ aP or rod 
 
 l/n of eight cubits 
 
 It will be observed that the decimal system forms the basis both of this and 
 of the preceding table given. 
 
V>() 
 
 LKsriuN r (continued.) 
 
 Wliat makt^s you think so? 
 
 I won't be done by you 
 
 Not very good 
 
 Is tliat all ? 
 
 Understand all 
 
 No matter what sort 
 
 Ha,d it before 
 
 I will buy it all 
 
 I've no more 
 
 Exactly suits me 
 
 ■j^ "{^ Bfit 'M ^^ v/aV-rndt Horn sei/uff' a ? 
 -jS p^' ^ P3i hai' /torn' <o me ? 
 
 Jlutton broth -H. R^ j^f yeung-yuk-i'osi/ 
 
 Mutton chops ^ :^[: '^ yeung-p'ai-^-«vi( 
 
 Lobster ^ $^ lung-Zm 
 
 Lard ^ yft oAw-y au 
 
 Goose (wild) |i^ ^§ ngan'-ngo 
 
 Goose Sg "g° 
 
 Cattle fish 
 
 Turtle 
 
 Shell-fish 
 
 Salted fish 
 
 Fins 
 
 Jelly 
 
 ming-pak sai'' hk 
 'm lun^ pin yeung^ 
 ^in yat yau kivo' 
 lung -tsung mai sai' 
 ngo mo hiu lok 
 ehing hop ngo' he' 
 
 
 mak-ii 
 keuk-u 
 pau-vL 
 ham-ii 
 
 1 Have you been to his house "^ ^ fj 'W'S'^M lE''^ "' '^S™-y^' y" li" kwo k'u ke 
 
 to-day? y§-^B^ ukmoni? 
 
 2 I went there this morning early ^-^^Jty-^-^Pfl" "S" kam-ohiu ho tso liii lols 
 
 3 Will he come again this -^ J^ J^ g ^J^ pS' kam-man k'ii chung loi 'm 
 
 evening ? P/^ ni ? 
 
 i They will all be here to-night '\^^^^i^^^^^'^ k'ii-ti ham-pan-lan kam ye loi 
 
 5 Tell the carpenter to come BT-J^yj^Uf^ ^SS-?" '''" '^° "^tik-tseung-lo chiu t'au- 
 
 early in the morning B, pg >U^ 
 
 6 I don't like to be away at ^ -^ J}^ ^^ P§- Cf) ^f 
 
 night |j^ -^ 
 
 7 Do you read books in the fore- f/J* f* ^f E^ N ^^^ 
 
 noon or afternoon ? OH 
 
 8 Twelve o'clock is the same as -4- '. Wh ^^^H ^ J 
 
 noon ^^P^ 
 
 9 At midnight people are all ^ '^ A. ^ S^ Pil 
 
 asleep ^^^ 
 
 tso tso ti loi 
 ngo ye man hak 'm chung-i 
 ch'ut hii 
 . ni sheang-chau chi ha-chau tuk 
 shii ni? 
 shap-i tim chung tsik hai an- 
 
 chau lok 
 pun-ye yan-yan to fan sai la 
 
LKSSON L (CONTINUEIJ.) 151 
 
 10 Things are very dear now-a- ifr O )Un 'pp -r- /^ Iviin-yat mat-Uin sliiip-faii kwai 
 
 11 I will not punish him this time R/§,P^ ^ Prt ^ g^ j J5 "' d'a" "go 'm chak-fat k'ii 
 
 12 That tree is there to this HlPJ^l'rKl^S^lj''^ Ef ^5 ^° ^'°^ ^^^ "^^^ ^° ''•""■y'' ^° 
 
 day SPtf-l^ Chung hai ch'.i 
 
 13 What is the difference between Q g^ Q ffl |^ 'fij mJ^^^ " yat-t'au " " yat-kan " leung ku 
 
 the expression "day-time" ■^T'li HIJ lyE ^^* y^" ™'''' f^n-pit niV 
 
 and "by day" 
 
 14 There is very little difference Hjmrijj "Sj a^uo 3ty *y^y ^'' ^^""S ''" shiit-wa ho shiu fan- 
 
 betweeu the expressions SUBH" P" '^'^^ 
 
 15 He does work both by day and "fp H >^ ^f; TOv ZC '^C '''" •*''''' ^^ '° '^° kung-fu 
 
 by night 
 
 16 Is he now workiug for |S>fP '^ JB] V^ ffiSf IC k'ii ii-kam t'ung ni tso kung-fu 
 
 you? 5^B± me? 
 
 17 How many inches long is that? -^3 ^@ ^^ m''!^C vE ^^^ ^^ '° ts'iin ch'eung ni ? 
 
 18 It is nearly a foot long ■ F3 -^^^^^ JK^^ yat ch'ek ch'eung ch'a-pat-to 
 
 19 How many inches go to a foot? ^g ^^^Y wL '/V '^' '"^ 's'iiu shing yat ch'ek ? 
 
 20 A foot has ten Chinese and Ig^ /v~r'"vr J^ '/V ' T'ong-yan shap ts'iin wai yat 
 
 twelve foreign inches ^I'H /V~|.Zl"\j'' ch'ek; ngoi-kwok yan shap 
 
 ^a 'Jy^ i ts'iin wai yat ch'ek 
 
 21 Did that comprador buy a DJpJ'fS '^^i^Ml^ — "^ ko-ko mai-pan mai hiu yat chek 
 
 fowl and a wild goose ? ^ffiit — •'^/m ^^^ l^"ng y* '^'°-°^ ngan- 
 
 ^|l1^ ngome? 
 
 22 No, he only bought lobsters "i^, j §^'j^ ^ f^si ""' '''" '"'' ''^' """' '^"^ '""S-^a 
 
 and fish S^^'I^B^ kung ii che 
 
 23 Do you want to buy salt fish f>5^^^^^.5^ 1^ "' '" '"''' ham-u chi pau-ii 
 
 or shell fish? j^.B'S °'' 
 
 24 No matter what sort, but buy PS'l^^J'm'fB'j^'^ Q '™ '"" P'° y^^ig 'an hai kam- 
 
 some to-day M''^ 5"^' ™''' ^® 
 
 25 Did you ever get milk from j^^ B^ ^ l^^fBIS/^ "' ''*""^^' y^" ''""§ '^°'^° ^^^ "'*' 
 
 that man? ^.^■^:^'^ ngau-nai mo ni ? 
 
 26 I got it formerly. I don't gel ^ W 9 ^^' 1&. °S° ''^'^ y''' ^^^ '^'^*'' ''^" y"' 
 
 it uow-a-days ^J® 'fi^''^ '™"^ ""^ ^"'^ 
 
I'l'-i l.hSSON L (CONTINUKI^) 
 
 •27 Wliat I buy is not very good ^J^ (^/f ^ ''^J^ ^!)fi'>jP§- "^ "go -lioli mai ke pin ti 'm liai 
 
 "^j^jii^ sbap-aij bo 
 
 L'S Did you Lven taste fisb-liu J/J^'W'^^l^ i^j^^S "' y-'" sliilc kwo U-oli'i kaiig 
 
 soup? 'TTfyli 1110 iii? 
 
 - 'J No ; tliey only gave me mut- ?rj , J ^{Jm/ jSl^ |^ ^^ ™"' k'""'' ^"-^^ ''^ P' ye""g-yuk- 
 
 ton broth I^ ^ A^ ^ B^ ''°"= ''^''° "8° "^^ 
 
 30 Wbat did bo say when you f/j^|^ fH^ j/CUj^IJ^' °' "'"= ^° °^^^^ fol'-t'ui shi, k'U 
 
 took that ham ? tSff/^»fS'B^ tim wa ni? 
 
 31 He said, "I won't be done by 'f^gj, ^Prt'ffif/J*^ '''" '"^^ " "§" '™ P' "' t'am" 
 
 you" 
 3'J Wbat makes you tliink pigs 'fy^ m&T^jH^Hn'vS.fliP^IoC "' wai-mat-ye wa chii-keuk tung 
 feet jelly unfit (not good) to cat? OSwiy'^^B/S 'mhoshlkni? 
 
 33 I think it unfit to eat because ^1r}'fBpH3if ^^'H Jfea "S° ^" ^'^^ ''" ^° ^^^' yan-wai 
 
 it was not made to-day Prl m^'^ ^^''f^ "^ ^^ kam-yat ching ke 
 
 34 Did all those people walk in fJi)('§;/'),'n ptt ^ ^B^'f^ ham-pang-lan kom to yau to bai 
 
 the procession ? HJ jIW''t5f tj^ ch'ut yau ke me ? 
 
 35 A good many walked; not 'H wT ^^ nf* ' 'iSPrt r^ ^^^ ^° *° ^'^' ' ^'"^ '"^ '™ ''^™" 
 
 aU of them Pj^^R^P^ pang-Ian ke 
 
 3G Bamboo tubes are used for nnf fgl FrB^^^Wt ^> cliuk-t'ung yeuiig lai ching ho 
 many things |^ to ye 
 
 37 They are used to make pens j^P^^^^ffi^ yeung lai ching pat kung pin- 
 
 and sticks kon > 
 
 38 Does the cook use lard in I^j/CMM^-^^*^]^ ^"^ foh-t'au tsin yeung-p'ai-kwat 
 
 cooking mutton chops ? ^'/ftPa^ ye«"g chu-yau 'm ni? 
 
 39 Tell him I don't hke him to ^S f H^'-Jfe Co 't' ^tS "'' ^'^ *'™S "go 'm chung-i k'ii 
 
 use that ffiPl^K^^ y«"»S ko-ti 
 
 40 Ask him why he does not do ^ (T^f^^ '{^^Po'fl'^i ™^" ''^ '''"' ^ai-mat-sze 'm chin 
 
 as he is told V '^IctES^Pf^t'Sit '^ ' '^'" ^'^'^ ^°^ y<=''"S 
 
 ^[ij^ tso ni? 
 
LESSON L(, 
 
 163 
 
 LESSON LT. 
 
 Loi y^ I'requeiitly conveys the sense of cciuiing /rom; e.g. '^ He comes from 
 Amcnca:- K'ii iiAi Fa-k'i i.oi ke jg P|| ^ ^ ^ ^I^ (^^ ^ Fa-k'i lit. 
 "flower flag'' used by metonomy for the United States.) 
 
 Com:mon Adverbs and Adverbial Expressions of Past time. 
 
 A fovtniglit ago 
 
 
 ts'in leung' /to* 
 
 Last evening 
 
 tf^fl^ 
 
 tsok-man 
 
 
 ltd 'j)aP 
 
 Last night 
 
 ^^ 
 
 tsolc-ye'' 
 
 Liist week 
 
 i±mm 
 
 sin ko' l:-ii - 
 
 Just now 
 
 TF^ 
 
 ehinij ~ldm 
 
 
 \m 
 
 par 
 
 Already 
 
 Elf 
 
 \ -laiig 
 
 Until Jiow 
 
 M4^0 
 
 chi irtra-yat 
 
 Formerly 
 
 m^- 
 
 ts'in-sUi 
 
 A short time sine 
 
 T> A 
 
 pal kau 
 
 Of old 
 
 m^% 
 
 kau-sbi 
 
 The other day 
 
 ^B 
 
 woiig'-yat 
 
 Ecreutly 
 
 ifi: 
 
 kan-yat 
 
 Do. 
 
 ^B 
 
 sv'/t-yat 
 
 Do. 
 
 5£* 
 
 kan-loi 
 
 Yfst.Trlay 
 
 m H 
 
 tsok-yat 
 
 Day hcfore 
 
 mB 
 
 ts'iu-yat 
 
 Do. 
 
 liB 
 
 wong' -y at 
 
 ye^;lerdi^y 
 
 
 
 Of late 
 
 ifi:^ 
 
 kau-loi 
 
 
 
 
 To retm'u home ^)^ H^ ^S ./«'« '"'' kwai 
 To extinguish fire aT" ^& nf la u foil 
 
 Do. ^jltoii^ cUnfj sihfoll 
 
 iH 
 
 
 loll it 
 
 To draw a tooth 
 To lock up 
 To abscond 
 
 Do. 
 To contain 
 
 Do. 
 
 mm 
 
 t^iU nga 
 Icioan mai 
 t^o ha 
 IsrjM W 
 tsoi' hit 
 ism yau* 
 
 It's all a lie 
 
 <^'onsider the matter well 
 
 This would'nt do - 
 
 To go tisliing 
 
 (with nets) 
 
 To go shooting "^ ^ td fseuk 
 
 (birds) 
 
 To draw water :^ ^^ („' shui 
 
 To fight i^J ^ ta-kau 
 
 To whip ^ ^ 2nn ta 
 
 To turn over jg{ bS yaw' c// H «* 
 
 To revive ^^ ^fc /«», s/ia«^ 
 
 '[^ — ' fy- '^^ "S" hai' yatpHii fau in 
 ^ffl ^ Rllif ff ^ «"~ '""'?' ''''' i^'»" ^^«^ 
 tj/SffPSflH '"khr"m»^".'" 
 
154 
 
 XESSON LI (CONTlKUEti.' 
 
 How was it at last ? 
 ■Everything is agreeable 
 Love others as yourself 
 Afraid it can't be attained 
 Very wet and dirty 
 To thiow one's "whole heart into 
 Rather indisposed 
 It is so - 
 
 Do. 
 All sorts - 
 Anchorage ^^i^ 
 
 Do. ^li 
 
 To square an ac- .S. {^§ H 
 
 count 
 To cash a cheque "Jjr ^H m, eld ngau-tes 
 Ball (shot) 5^ -^ tan'-fss 
 
 To cast cannou balls ^^ ^|p. -J— chii tan -Hz 
 
 
 f B/c <o* tei' <jn»' yeang' 
 kin^ kin^ ^o ngam 
 oi yan ii i'i 
 p'l'/ ?o 'm iak 
 shdp-shdp nap-nap 
 yot pHn Jh -sdm 
 'm to «AM-fuk 
 hai' iom ^e** 
 yau ^ona k& 
 yeung' yeuug^ 
 
 /)'a« shiin ti- 
 fau'-t'au 
 
 Auction (to sell by) ^^ J t'au-mai' 
 Do. :j^ J!^ ye'-Zaagr 
 
 Arrow 
 
 unrj-mak To let fly an arrow HVf 'S^ she' 
 
 -Ism' 
 
 Bachelor 
 
 Barrel 
 
 Battle 
 
 To lose a battle 
 
 To win a battle 
 
 Ball (for play) 
 
 To play at ball 
 
 * 
 
 m 
 
 mi' is'wj' ts'dn 
 
 p*i-p'a-iWp 
 
 (a -cheung" 
 
 ta -sku 
 
 to'-yeng 
 
 k'aa 
 
 /<i' k'au 
 
 To give alms 
 
 Do. 
 Alarm 
 Air 
 Anna 
 Do. 
 
 Bankruptcy 
 Baggage 
 Ant 
 
 Yellow ants 
 ^\'hite ants 
 
 H :^ sM-she' 
 
 ^m 8H p'an-k'ung 
 
 ^ Vri ^"'■9-fo^W 
 
 $S H i)o'-k'ung 
 
 ^fT" -^^ hang-li' 
 
 ^ ngai' 
 
 ^^ i^ wong-ngai' 
 
 pi ^^ pak-ngai' 
 
 1 Has that person come from Ji^'^ A Pi^- '^M E§ ® ^°'^° ^^ ''^ Fat-lan-sai kwok 
 
 France? ji^''^!^ loi ke me? 
 
 2 He came from France the day j^"^ ^ ^M ® ® '''" '^''"-7"' y^" Fat-lan-sai 
 
 before yesterday 51^''^ ''^"'^ '°' '''' 
 
 3 Did you see those people 'f/^ J^ ^ ^ 10111^^^ '" kan-yat yau kin ko-ti yan 
 
 recently ? ^fi^ 11/^ mo ni ? 
 
 4 I have not seen them until ^^'§' ^AJ^fS'l^^tl "S^ ™i 's'ang kin kwo k'u-ti 
 
 iio'i ^ lE^B^ u-kam i-hing kin oho 
 
LESSON LI (continued.) 
 
 155 
 
 5 That poor man v.3.i formerly Pf0'(|§^'^ EjlTBiTF'j^f^ ko-ko k'uiig-lo t'sin slii hai tso 
 
 a oompradore ^J vfefB^ 
 
 6 He used to square aU old jgf^ Q P|£|g g ^f j 
 
 accounts 1^9 Pct 
 
 7 Have you already had your f^^lj^^^i^^^^ 
 
 tooth drawn? -T1|JB 
 
 mai-pan ke 
 . k'ii wong-yat ke cheung-muk 
 tsung siin ts'ing lok 
 ni yau t'ut hU ni ke nga mo 
 ni? 
 
 I'^ilE'i'^T °^'' ^'" '''^' '''" ^"'^ ching hii ta> 
 
 8 I had it drawn just now, before ; 
 
 I went to draw water TlK shui 
 
 9 Did he go a-fishing (withnets) 'IR'JtI iSjfiP^P W'i''lS ^'^ *'" ^° lai-pai yau hii loh ii 
 
 last week ? ^» ^ 5^ "" "' ' 
 
 10 He did not go a-fishing; he fR^^-^'l^^; '^^IT '''" ™° ^" '"'' " ' *"" ''' '^™^ 
 
 went shooting ^bBS" ''^^ 
 
 11 Why does that man whip that ^'Hi5]p]'(15 .^PS^TIIJhI ^^-™&' ko-ko yan pin ta ko chek 
 
 horse so much? '^■WPp^R^ makomtoni? 
 
 12 They had a fight and several 'f^^fT^ "fT^^'fl^ '''""*' "'"''^" ** ^^^ '^' ^° 
 
 men were killed y^ yau 
 
 13 Did that happen, before you. flffeltl^^S^j^fl^^lTlc'^ ^°-^ sze-kon hai ni mi ts'Sng fan. 
 
 returned home ? ^S'i'^ ^ W^ Htj ^^ ^"^^^ ^''' '^° "'''"' 
 
 |3^3|^I^ lai kerne? 
 
 >^^MPl^1@li yeuk ts'in leung ko 
 
 ^SQs' lai-pai che 
 
 fSii©.M^:^''|S1l3 ■" ^^""^ '''^'"^ fan-shang ko- 
 'jB ko yan, ni iu chiug k'ii 
 
 t'au. hi. 
 ping-yaata cheung hai ynng- 
 
 kwan-hi ke 
 ko pun shii tsoi yau ho to p'in 
 me? 
 
 18 I wish you would have that ^K-^c p5*^r$fctflEl/^^^P "S° '" °' t'eng ngo ko pun sha 
 
 book bound for me Pg- lok 
 
 19 Do you want that done before fSt 'm^g^2^f0Rtf»jTE 15 "' seung ching hi ko-ti ohing fan 
 
 your ret urn home ? "i ^fSS 
 
 liii kwai me ? 
 
 14 It happened a short time 
 since ; — about a fort- 
 night ago 
 
 J 5 If yon want to revive that 
 man you must give 
 him air 
 
 1& Soldiers use arms in battle 
 
 17 Does that book contain many 'j^^KSffl/ ^wf _^1 
 
150 LESSON LI ((JoKTlNtKli.) 
 
 20 Yos; I want to put it in my -j^, ; ^^i^^^l'I^E ''•'>i ; "go t,-u,ig fong tsoi n;,'o lo- 
 
 baggage ^^1^ '"'"S"'' '^' 
 
 21 Children play at ball. Mlu go IttHf^f? -JT^' J§ A. sai-inri.i-tsai la k'au. uam-yan hu 
 
 loanrtions •^'KMi^ t';iiMii:ii-knn 
 
 22 Is tlic ship lyiii'j in tlie an- '{@^)|fi'tM'ffi-pHS ^° ^^"^'^ '*'*"" P'^" ''°' f'^"''''"^ 
 
 cliorage? P|>'^ lai me ? 
 
 23 What sort of ants are in tlie -^^[l^P^ Mil^^B^' fi 'nat-ye ngai Iiai uk lai ni? pak- 
 
 house? — white or red ants? !^^!Rt4ffi^" "S"' ""^^ Ining-ngai a? 
 
 24 Formerly we had white ants ; "raTf Psjp ^ Q 'J"^ i ^'T*' t^'i'^slii yau pak-ngai ; ii-kfim 
 
 but there are none now A'f \i&- mo lok 
 
 25 Why does not he cash the ^-b,tSPa^''l^zM^B ^^'■^'■'"■'* "^'^ '"' ^''" ^° dioung 
 
 clieque for me ? .ffi-^MSt!^ nijan-tan kwo ngo ni? 
 
 2G He lias gone into bankrii]if<y fRBBP^^alnf i -Tt^^g k'ii po bin k'unt; lok, mo ts'in 
 
 anil lias no moia-y to pay JMW! ^™" "'"'' 
 
 27 Did you feel much alarm at 3^Sf5*"f''^^'bfti foh-chuk ni sliap-fan king-fong 
 
 the fire ? t1^ me ? 
 
 28 Xo, it was quickly cxtin- Pa'''^ ' ^P^J^i^'j^C '" ''^' ' *^'''"'">'' '-'^''^S ^'^^ ^°^^ 
 
 guislied [Iq- lok 
 
 29 Does that man come from fliE]'iffl/\PM-%[^3R''St ^°-^° y™ '"li Vin'j-kwok loi ke 
 
 England ? J]^ me ? 
 
 30 He come last week and has fS>t't0ijia^^5|5''^>$B '''" *" '^° lai-pai loi ke, ii-kam 
 
 ah-eady gone again '^.^'^''^^^^n' V"-^ '"' '"'" ^°^ 
 
 31 People give alms when yv B8 ^'J B^ fi^ ffite-fa van man to shi tsau sbi-sbe 
 
 asked pdjlj la 
 
 32 Cliincse soldier,^, di^chari^e ar- Iff ^^^X'j^t'ff^lH' bS' T'ong-piug ta chcuu- shi she tsin 
 
 rows ill battle 
 
 33 Tell the boy logo tomarkcl f^'f^^-'f^'i't^^M '''" '""^ °''''-*^^' ''" '^^'i-^l'' i"-'i <i 
 
 and buy tnme bread 6x1^ 'M*§.'^ min-pau fan lai 
 
 34 I will considi r the matter and Jk-^^i™ ^J^'WaJfm ^S° seung kwo, in-hau wa ni 
 
 let you Imow 4E|| chi 
 
 35 Is every thing as agreeable -W'J'p^ftSK'j^n+'flH-B^ kin-kin sze to bai bo Is'z knu-slii 
 
 as before ? Bt^p P ^j" Q ^ 1^ kom tsz-ia me ? 
 
LESSONS IJ ANh r.TI. 
 
 ];-)7 
 
 30 Xo ; of liite tliey have boon P§'|^, j^ {J fS"^ ft?'Oil '" ''"' ' **""' ^"^ '''""'' '^^ '*''' ''" 
 rather dlsiiuHned to work V^^^JM-i^^^ '° "" '^" ''""S"''" 
 
 :r!7 What sort of weather had you ;^'(0 ijj^^^^Si^ *'" '"^ ''^'"1"'' '"'""'" '■™ ^""S 
 hist Week ^M OB ni ? 
 
 3S It was very wet and dirty; H^:^hV'M'?^"'^Vof[I§"|TJ shap-fSii shap-shap nap-nap 'm 
 one conkl not go out ^S/^ oh'ut tfik kai 
 
 39 I am very sorry to hear it; ^ItS^^HM'^ Hh'^ ^ ngo t'eug man kom yeung shap- 
 
 you must go out I^ ; fA^AP'^-^Hi '^'" pai-ai ; ni ii-kam iu 
 
 now ^f^ ■-"'''"' ''" ^°^ 
 
 40 Both EngUsh and Chinese ra'^-^.^M^ ,^^5'^ T'ong-yan kung ngol-kwok van 
 
 have an old saying, "Love '^ll rt ^''i ^^ J^ '^ ^^^ '^^ ku-ii, " oi 
 
 .'jtlius as yourself " ^H EL yanitki" 
 
 LESSOlN' Lll. 
 
 To ask too much 
 
 I can't help it 
 
 Best quality 
 Good quality 
 Medium quality 
 Low quality 
 To buy goods 
 
 73. Chmi ^ 
 
 74. Kv> ^ 
 
 75. Tinff' J_| 
 
 r^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 m lak to'C To he sure of ^ |M: ® 
 to anything 
 
 ^ ^^ "go' mo-noi'- To be worth /jg iS 
 
 '(Bf lio To afford |f{ ^ 
 
 .^S_L'^r '''"' sheung' /«/tj' To be useless yr\ jH 
 
 P =^ sheung' tiing To be like 
 
 PP ^y chmig tang Market price 
 
 "T\ =^ ha' UimJ Cheap 
 ^ '& mai' ,f<iK 
 
 Classifiers. 
 , saucer, is applied to lamps. 
 
 1^^ 
 
 cIli tal' vluui 
 
 cliik Uk 
 ch^ut idk 
 mo' yeung* 
 t'ung yeung* 
 shi-i-a* 
 p'ing 
 
 a stop, an expression, 
 the top, summit, 
 
 sentences, phrases, &c. 
 
 Chinese hats, caps, sedan chairs 
 
 and other articles with 
 
 pointed tops. 
 
158 
 
 LESSON LTI (continued.) 
 
 The foregoing conclude the list of classifiers. Many of them are only occa- 
 sionally used, while others form unvarying compounds with the words they qualify. 
 A perfect acquaintance with them is invaluable to the foreign speaker of Chinese, 
 their correct application often ensuring comprehension when a mistake is made ia 
 the tone of a word. 
 
 MeASDRES of CAPACrTT. 
 nearly 1 English gill 
 1 Shing •j\' or Chinese pint 
 1 r«!(.' J- or Chinese peck (bushel) 
 1 Shek yf^ or dry &. liquid measure of 100 & 120 catties 
 
 1 Kop /A, 
 
 10 Kop ^ 
 
 10 Shing ^ 
 
 10 Tali iU 
 
 He owes you how much money ? TKy^fm^^^^^^fy?, k'ii AiW ni' X/ *o ngan «t? 
 
 The scales are incorrect 
 Ten dollars a peck - 
 Send it to my hou-f 
 Make you out the bill - 
 Give me a receipt 
 No place to put it 
 Wrap it up 
 Weigh the goods 
 Measure the goods - 
 
 
 ho pa tang *m chun lok 
 shap ho" ugan-ts'in yat tau 
 sung^ to" %iik li hu' poh 
 se fok^-Um hvo' m 
 se shau-tan Jcwo' ngo- 
 mo' U^-fong fong^ lok 
 pnu hi ]ai la 
 chHug^ foil' 
 leung foK" 
 
 Cargo 
 
 shiin-ybA^ 
 
 Cards (playing) ^^ 
 
 cAi'-p'ai 
 
 The ship has a mis- fJvy^fe^S shiiii cAore,^ tsap- Playiug at cards 'J^';^f^/ffi ia' cAi'-p'a-. 
 
 cellaneous cargo 
 
 Caunon 
 
 A great canno- 
 nade 
 
 Canvas (sail cloth) 
 
 An awning of 
 
 ■kmi 
 
 foK- 
 tai*-^*aw^ 
 
 iHn 
 li -po^ 
 
 <^at ^ffij miu 
 
 A rat-huuting cat 4/E ^L^FH ^^^^•^^'^ "'^^^ 
 
 Canal iM jST wan' -ho 
 
 The canal is iSiRj ^S ^^^'"'''> *''"'' 
 
 shallow 
 
 Grave 'I'l^M'j^ iK?i-ts'oi-/ae; 
 
 Do. 
 
 fan-nio^ 
 
 Character, disposition Ry ^ct p'i-/ii' 
 
 A gentle disposi- ( JV]i''5!rCl|W sdm-sJmi' vmn 
 
 tion I ^1 leung 
 
 Cape (point of land) JW: 'S 
 The horizon HF vjs 
 
 hot. -l-nh 
 ^'m-ngai 
 
 Unsafe PaiS '™-<:''i''-'':"'" 
 
 Favom-able wind j| H ^[ shuu^yinip 
 
 Calm ^ ^ mo fuiig 
 
 Birds rfig Hj tseul:-nm 
 
LESSON LIl (CONTlJs'UtO.) 159 
 
 1 Those goods are not worth n||]nlJ^ ^ HF>B^ ^Prtf^ '^""'' ^°^ "'"" ^^^'^^ '"" °^^ 
 
 the market price R^ lok 
 
 2 If of good quality they are 5| '^ -t^f M Wt^F ^^^^ ''^' ^'"^""8 '^"g fo'' tsan 
 
 very cheap P& p'eng lok 
 
 3 There is uo wind to-day on -^ H )@_L'TTwI kam-yat hoi sheung mo fung 
 
 the sea 
 
 4 I should Uke to go through ^ m W fflj|g]^p]'3j^ "So chung-i yan wan-ho kwo 
 
 the canal 
 
 5 Can you get all the cargo fi^* W AiiW^^^^'O''^ "' ''""' ''' '*'' *"' ^°''' ^'>""-f°'^ 
 
 thiough? llftWP§B/& '""i? 
 
 6 Will you take the canvas ^ ^ ^'(fel^I'l'MffiPa °' ''^^ '""S '*' '' '^'"P° '™ 
 
 down ? tf/^ ni ? 
 
 7 Have yon been to my house ? flj^-^jjw Sk ^ S^l^ "' ^^ ^^° °^° ''^" "'' ""' ts'ang 
 
 -g-^/g ui? 
 
 8 No ; I went to the grave ^^, ^|?-^i^t^«l^^0§ °'°' "S" ^^ fan-mo lai che 
 
 9 Did you ever play cards? fy^-W^'TJJSi'^JiSTT R/B °' y*"^ '" ^^° chi-p'ai mo ni ? 
 
 10 Yes, but I do not shoot birds ^S, iH'J^JfTT^^:*^ yau, tan hai ngo mo ta tseuk 
 
 11 There is a large cannon in [jfp|'^&)SB^H PI >^%M ^° "t®'^ ^'i"'^ y^" ^^^ '*' 
 
 that ship p'au 
 
 12 Weigh all the cargo, and tell ^^JMl]!^-^ 6^ ^ fSS'^ °^'"'S '*^'^° ^''' '^° *^ ^"^ ™ °S° 
 
 me how much it is ^B^K ^ "-^^^ '^' '° 
 
 13 Do not cheat me ; I won't Pa^tf,^ ^^^ ' ^P^' "" ^° P''° °^° P°^ ' °^° ™ '" 
 
 have it ^Illl''^ ^°'^ ^^ 
 
 U Measure everythmg that he j§!^P^Bj|it]6^^> j/^ ^'^ ™^' '*' ''°-*' y^' "" '''""S ^^° 
 has bought M >i^ 0^ lE ^ sai ching ho 
 
 15 My cat is very smaU but ^''|5EfSliT^ffl^it? "^° ^^ ™*" ^° ^^'' ''^'^ '^° 
 
 very clever fp ^J ''"^'^ 
 
 16 Pick her up and show her ^^'f@'f^^i^[lT> shap hi k'u pi ngo t';ii ha 
 
 to me 
 
 17 I'm afraid she is not strong ^f^fSPal^"^^^ ^^° ^'^ ^'" ™ ''''' *''*P''^*° ^° 
 
 (in health) ^"^ shau-tsz 
 
 18 I hear he has a very bad ^ ^ ^IH'I^^PrtitJ "S" ™^° t^'' l''" shap-fen 'm ho 
 
 disposition vBt^R ^''''" 
 
160 LESSON HI (OnNTINOiii"./ 
 
 \'J He did not give the receipt to fRPaf^^p^Sf^^X Jp- ^''•' "^' ''^' tsing-tsiug p sliaii- 
 
 me very quietly ?©^r"^ '•'"' '*''**'° "S" k^^ 
 
 20 Did you ask him if tlie scales f^ '^ ^ t@'tfcltlfi(]^'|^ "i y^^" mail k'u ko-ti cli'ing liaJ 
 
 ■were correct ? '^''^Prt'OM '''^"" ^'^ "^ °' '' 
 
 21 I had no time to ask every- ^EP&'ra'R^ i^'rp Rfl ''go '"> '^^ han chuk kin man 
 
 thing xM''-^ '^^^° ^°'' 
 
 22 Wliiit is the quality of that fffijtl^^'i^'l^ H|^^ l^o-ti P» ■'"' ^''"1^ ?"> '■'"£' ^^^ 
 
 cloth? •'I'liB/S "'• 
 
 23 I camiot tell for certain ; I ^KPortS'f^^H ' ^CIm "S" ''^ '^^ '=''' ^'^^'i "o" ''^'^ 1^^' 
 
 think it is first quality Y^ h ^^[lijF sheung tang ke 
 
 2i Have you seen the Gun- f/J'»'& ^J®P|i]^£^@i/^ *" y™ ^'^ ^^° ^° '-'"^'^ P'^''" 
 
 boat? ^jR/b shiin mo ni? 
 
 25 I have seen the sea several Sp ^jT^y^'/Ql^^^^ ^S" kin kwo tai hoi ki ts'a 
 
 times \f&- lok 
 
 2(. Dues your cat hunt rat< ? f^^^fE^tE^^VPa "' '^® '""" ''^'"'^ ^°"^''" '™ 
 
 i? 
 
 27 No, she is alnad to hunt Pa|S, f ^'|'Q |E fS^i^ '^ ^■•'"''' '''" P'^ "^^^^ ^"'"■*^ 
 
 them P^ ke 
 
 28 I am going away; it is useless ^\^K-^\iff, j^ W (^ °S° '^au hii lok, sung foh lai 'm 
 
 to bring goods pE- Ctl jflPef P^'J chung-yung ke la 
 
 29 That is of no importance ; you Tfl ^S^^j f'J^^^'^'S' ™° '^*° '" ' ^'^ '''' ™'" '''^ '* 
 
 had better bring them [ffilj 
 
 30 But I have no money to buy -^B/]^ ^'ff ^^ i^ **° ''^' °S° ™° "S-'" ™'" 
 
 anything with ! nr ye a 
 
 31 You can go to my house and "j^ Pj"|^-|^^J^I'|^^J§ ni bo-i hu ngo ke uk kii-chu 
 
 stay there -lid 
 
 o2 1 am going to sail to-morrow ^ 1^ 9 ^ '^ i^^P^ "S° ming-yat wak hau-yat ttau 
 
 or next day ^ f!^ hoi shau lok 
 
 .>:j Are you sure it is m the f^^^^K^^PJ^.'f^l^^ "i ^'''i *-'k cban hai ko yam-shiug 
 
 c-melery (yf,m slmig) ? ||jl )^i^ h pin me? 
 
 34 That bird is very hke a [j^g ^^-p^^ — '^ ko chek tseuk ohap-fan tj-'z yat 
 
 fowl ^^ chuk kai 
 
 35 That Ijual is very unsafe I^ '^ )|S H" :^ P n i ^ ^° "^^"^ '''■'"S sbap-lan m cliii-ku 
 
LESSONS LII AND LIII. 
 
 161 
 
 36 I cannot aflord so mucli ; the ^Pajlj ^[1^'^^, 
 
 price is too dear TH^^ JiC H" 
 
 37 (It is only) three dollars a ^ ^ ^ ^^ • iU' 
 
 bushel g^ 
 
 38 Did the compradore go away ftipl'lffl | 
 
 to worship the graves ? I | [tfe 
 
 39 I don't know? I think he went ^ P§-^ ; ^ ft^tH^t "8° '•" "hi ; ngo ku k'ii sin ko iit 
 
 last month 'WiM ^'^W^ ^"- ^^ ^°^ 
 
 40 Why are you always so very 'j^-fi^^f^B^B^PH' wai-rnat-ye ni shi-shi kom Ian- 
 
 ngo 'm ch'ut tak kom to ts'in ; 
 
 ka-ts'in t'ai kwai 
 sam ko ngan-ts'in yat tau 
 
 che 
 ko-ko mai-pan hii hiu pai shan 
 
 me? 
 
 LESSON Llll. 
 
 Adverbs and Adveebial Expressions op Future Time. 
 When is rendered by SHi ^ time, preceded by the sign of the possessive 
 CHI ^, if used in a. positive sense, and preceded by Ki ^& how much, how many, 
 when used interrogatively. 
 
 «.g. When they were going out f^^tS "S* ^^ 'Z ^ k'ii'-ti' /«' iai chi slii 
 When are you coming back ? j^ ^& |]S ^Wt ^j^ OB ni' ki shi/am loi nil 
 
 Whenever is expressed by the sentence mo lun ki shi ^&. |m ^&. ^ (lit. 
 no matter what time.) 
 
 As soon as 
 
 i#pw 
 
 yau' korrC-fat 
 
 Early to-morrow 
 
 m^ 
 
 ming-fao' 
 
 
 tnk Icorrt-fat 
 
 Betime, early 
 
 f.H# 
 
 ISO -shi 
 
 A week hence 
 
 [=^-10 
 
 hau" yat ko' 
 
 Afterwards 
 
 m^ 
 
 tseung-loi 
 
 ■ 
 
 mn 
 
 \ta-pai^ 
 
 Thereafter 
 
 ^^ 
 
 hau"-loi 
 
 Henceforward 
 
 g# 
 
 tsz^-hau^ 
 
 By and by 
 
 it'll 
 
 man^-man' 
 
 Alternately 
 
 ^'^ 
 
 lun-lau 
 
 
 
 
 Many of the above expressions have several equivalents, but they are not 
 given, as it is better not to burden the student's memory with too many words at 
 
162 
 
 LESSON LIII (continued.) 
 
 a time. A reference to the vocabulary at the end of the book will frequently 
 furnish synonyms, or a native teacher can readily supply them if desired; but some 
 caution must be observed in accepting all phrases from such a source, many teachers 
 using book sentrnces to an undue extent. 
 
 The phr.ise "as soon as" is often expressed by an idiom very similar to one 
 found in English; e.g. " As soon as he heard it he went" is, literally, "one hear, 
 then (he) went." Yat t'eng TSAU Hij — 5^ ^L "i' '^^^ English phrase "one 
 blow, and all was over" embodies a similar elision, answering as it does to "(as soon 
 as) one blow (had been struck) all was over.'" 
 
 it ^ ^ ^ 1^ kung" kaV Id to m? 
 
 What's the whole amount ? 
 Eeturned not long ago 
 To respect paper that has heen written on 
 Difficult to distinguish gems and stones 
 No fixed time - 
 I don't require you 
 Don't ask so many questions 
 He has not come hack 
 Don't let people pass 
 He is well informed 
 Be careful of fire 
 He likes to cheat 
 Has undeserved celehiity (fit. has a repu- ^^^ jZ iffi 'M 
 tation hut without reality) 
 
 ■>M ^ -fj ^i ^M ■^'"'' '°' "'°' °°'' "''^ 
 
 A- '^' !K m 
 
 kinff^ siJc t%z-chi 
 yuli shek nau/ara 
 rao mdt ting^ k'i 
 ngo' 'm skai ix\ 
 mai man "konC to 
 k'ii mi fan loi 
 mai' pt yan hang 
 k'ii ho pok-hiTu 
 sin sdmJbh-cheaJ: 
 kHi ho' ngah-p''hi' 
 yau' ming mo sliat 
 
 To converse ahout 
 
 .TBSbX^ «««;/ tsu' kau'- 
 
 Conversation 
 
 R4#BJt^ 
 
 hong s7t>'t- 
 
 pleasant old 
 
 m 
 
 Bo. 
 
 mm 
 
 tsii'-t'am 
 
 times 
 
 
 Chop (merchan- 
 
 ^m. 
 
 tsz'-ho' 
 
 Compass (mariner's 
 
 ) 'f "i^ jS'^ chi -naxa-diam 
 
 dise) 
 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 M M. '"-'""^ 
 
 To assault a citj 
 
 'rjcm 
 
 ivnff shing 
 
 Class of men 
 
 yV *M yan-lui^ 
 
 Commerce 
 
 n^ 
 
 mau'-yik 
 
 There are many 
 
 'AHi^ yau-lui' cA«V 
 
 Courage 
 
 nm. 
 
 ho -tarn! 
 
 classes of men 
 
 ,^ to 
 
 East 
 
 m 
 
 tung 
 
 Country 
 
 iife ~)j *' ^^' "' 
 
 South 
 
 m 
 
 nam 
 
 An out-of-the- 
 
 H j^i-lll P'in-fik-^i- 
 
 ■West 
 
 ffi 
 
 sai 
 
 way place 
 
 [Jj /""a 
 
 Xcrth 
 
 Al 
 
 pak 
 
LESSON LIII (continued.) 
 
 163 
 
 To weave cotton 
 cloth 
 
 North-East 
 North-West 
 South-East 
 South-West 
 Cloud 
 
 Mi}:. 
 
 tung-palc 
 aai-pah 
 
 jaj'-nam 
 wSn 
 
 ming-yat ho lang 
 
 Cold ^^ ^W hon-<Ma/ 
 
 Cold weather ( ^ Bijf |^ tHn-%h\ hon- 
 
 Great merchants >^]^W tai^ s^eun^-fc' 
 
 1 It will he very cold to-morrow ^ Q ^^^ }!^ 
 
 2 Tell me whenever you go to ^^^ 3$ f^'i'^fijAl •"" '""^ *" ^'^ "" '''^ *'""§ ^^^"^ ^* 
 
 the city f?5'^^ ngo chi 
 
 3 When did he liill that cock- fg ^ B^ -fT^l^Q^ ^ ^'^ ''' ^^ ** *^^ "^o '^^^l* kat- 
 
 roach? ^^/Si tsat ni? 
 
 4 He killed it when he was go- "Jg W^ t^Hf^Ils^ "iT^tS '^''^ '^'^'"' '^''' '^° ^^ '* ^^^ 
 
 ing out PH k'ii ke 
 
 5 It has been a very cold season xH '^S T^ Q$ ~| ^^J'o y^" y' '^'"'^ t'in-shi shap-fan lang 
 
 6 Finish your conversation as '^Pp 'iTi'f^Pp 'lyijtT^a ^^^ ^""^ ^*' '^'^ ''°™ ^''^ ^° '"'"S 
 
 soon as you can :7Ciy^''i^H^anB$'J "° "" ^^ shiit-wa la 
 
 7 We will finish it immediately ^ Pf ]^ ^f^^ffitl^P y^"'' ^° ^ '^° ^^"^ °g°"*' '^'^ ^^^ 
 
 if we can ^l-livL pf'TC^'H tsau tso iin lot 
 
 8 How much cotton have you fllHlfr P jPlf^u^E ^4ffi °^ kan-yat mai hiu ki to miu- 
 
 bought lately ? 'fE ^/^ f'^ °' ^ 
 
 9 I have bought none ; I shall 5& "tT M ^IJ i ctK ^10 ^°° ™° ™^' '° ' ^'' ''^^ ''° '*'" 
 
 buy some a week /fM^i^-Sfe^^ pai t'un ngo tsau 
 
 hence ^H^ ^^^ '' 
 
 10 To-morrow wiU be Sunday, ^ 1^/|a^ ' ^)X ™"g"y*' ^^ \&i-^3x yat, shoh-i 
 
 therefore no business will ^'^i^Ul^ '™ '^° kuug-fu 
 
 be done 
 
 11 He wiU cheat you if pos- t^ t^ t^ f^ >M ^ 0Ei ^'"- '^^^^ '^'^ ^'' ^'^° **^" "^^^ 
 
 sible f^''-^ °' '"'' 
 
 12 I shaU go to the city by and ^ 5{f- ^ ^ '[§ ^ "S° tseung-loi man-man hu 
 
 by ^ shing 
 
 13 He visits his friends alter- tEf^'(^^tH''^J3^ '''" '"''■'^" *'™ '''" ""^ ^'^°^" 
 
 nately ^ yau 
 
164 LESSON LlII (CONTINUKI-.) 
 
 14 The clouds are very rlark to- .-^ Fj |M0Hy^&~| ^Tr kuio-yat ko-ti wan shap-fau 
 day ^A hak 
 
 13 That is because the wind is H Mj^ffHtiB^JILm -Hj^ft ^^"^ ^™ '^''"*'' ^°°^ ^^'^ pak-pin 
 from the north pV AJA ch'ui loi 
 
 16 I shall go away immediately ^fe 9]] ^IK^-^'Ph" ^8° ''i^ hak tsau bii lok 
 
 17 They are a very bad class tRoSfei'^ — 'EU ~H'^5*'Prt' '^'""'' ^^ 7^' P*" shap-fan 'm 
 
 of mea i{T''M" /v '^^ '^^ ^'^ 
 
 18 Tlie country is very beau- fl|m Qfj ttil~)5 '^^ "H^'^^ ko-ti ti-foug hai shap-fan wa- 
 
 tiful 3& mi 
 
 19 It is a place seldom visited CiHjJ^lim /] v^^X T^ /v ko-ch'ii ti-fong hai mo mat jaD 
 
 20 Whenever yon go let rae ^^itel'5^^ffiSNF"i''^^ifS ^° '"" ™ ''' *'^' ''^ '^^^ "''^ "^'^' 
 
 know I^^PBl'J ^l^'l'' 
 
 21 Henceforward I shall go at no M -^ J'it'^iK-Tl /£.-^B tsz-kam i-ban ngo mo ting k'^ 
 
 fixed time ■^- hu 
 
 22 Did you require it afterwards? •^ W JR-^ )^B$ "" hau-loi iu yung me ? 
 
 33 He intends to return early f E i® ^m w] -^ lM 5K '''" ^'"'^"S t'ing-chiu-tso fan los 
 to-morrow 
 
 24 As soon as he saw him he '[g — '^^f^Wt-fT ID '^'^ y^* '''" '''" *^''" *" '^'" 
 
 struck him P^ fok 
 
 25 Do you steer the boat by the fi^^ j^,^^^P^,^t|f3;^ "' 7™^ lo-kang lai shai ko chfi. 
 
 compass? flSf^ shiinme? 
 
 26 Yes; I am steering north-west -^j ^ [o] ® ^Ij 1^^ ''^' '' °So teung sai-pak shai hij 
 
 27 What cargo has that ship on p(0 "^ j||Jf ^^ -^ J^ ko cbek shiin tsoi yau mat foh- 
 
 board? ^f}^ matni? 
 
 28 She has a cargo of cotton and i^^i^^J^^^^ ^'" X*" min-fa kong foli-mat 
 
 29 Did yon always pay the f/J^*^ B^ ^1^"^ H^i 0^1M '" *eung-shi to hai chiu shi-ka 
 
 market price ? 1®tjt^ pi me ? 
 
 30 No; I could not afford it Pq"]^' ^^'^Po'ttl '™ ^^^' °^° ^'^'"^^""S '™ *''''"' 
 
 always ^^Ptt^^^§ *^'*^ '^°"" '° '^''° 
 
 31 How much does he owe you f)5P^^-^f^^^^ ^'^ ' ^^S '"™ "' ki to ts'in 
 
 already? ^1^ »'' 
 
LESSONS LIII AND ],IV. 165 
 
 32 The soldiers will assault the city Hl^Pfi^;^-^ Wt^^ '^°''' P'°S hau-yat tsau kung 
 
 the day after to-morrow tjC ahing 
 
 33 What do those great merchants [flnlg'g 7^ 1^ W ^ W ■^ '^""t' '"' sheung-ku mai mai mat- 
 
 huy and sell? KFR^ ye ni? 
 
 34 They constantly buy and sell f glJ^lJiB^ BsJF W H^^ '''""'' ^'""*'^' '"^' ™^' ''' ^° 
 
 chops of tea ^T ch'a 
 
 35 The business of merchants is ^^W ^''^S^^Kt^'f^ sharg-i yau ke sze-kon tsau hai 
 
 commerce ^5 ^wPj'j mau-yik la 
 
 36 Where do they weave cotton f^!]t-|j|P[^;^^|^^S^ k'u-ti hai pin-ch'u chik min- 
 
 cloth? ^ poni? 
 
 37 They weave it in the neigh- 'f^Ht-{^P{4-^^^lSl '^'"■'' ^^ Shang-shing tsoh kan 
 
 bourhood of Canton ]KHy''BE "^^^ '^® 
 
 38 What is the whole amount he 'fSj^^4i--^|^^ & k'ii tsung kung him ni ki to 
 
 owes you ? (I|B ni ? 
 
 39 Is he fond of reading books ? "[g Cfa ,^^§^^1^ k'ii chung-i tuk shu me ? 
 
 40 Yes ; he is an extremely well- '^, f^"]^ — '"(^ ^ fS hai, k'u hai yat ko kik pok-liok 
 
 informed man '^^^At ke van 
 
 LESSON LIV. 
 
 Adverbs and Adverbial Expressions op Number and Order. 
 
 The word Ch'o ^J to begin, commence, enters into certain combinations 
 expressing "first " and is specially used with the first ten numbers of a series, such 
 as the days of the month etc. ; e.g., ch'o tat ;ftJIJ — • the first, ch'o i :^JJ ZL. *^« 
 second; ch'o kin ^J ^ the first interview. 
 
 Un tt original, is also used for the first day, month, year, &c. : iiN-TAN yjQ 
 H new year's day. 
 
 Every other day f'^E'^^ mm' tai' i' Firstly — — y^ yat loi 
 
 H yat Secondly ^ y^ i" loi 
 
166 
 
 LESSON LIV (CONTINUED.) 
 
 Kvery other day 
 Once 
 
 Once more 
 Many times 
 Ten times 
 
 lu order (arranged) ^^ IS 
 Turn and turn (by ^ ^ 
 turns) 
 
 Tlie first born sou 
 At most ; at least 
 To talli at random 
 
 ^ Q ^a™' yat 
 
 ■ IJK yat ha' 
 
 ^ 'lljC toyat\i& 
 
 ^s'j'-tsii^ 
 lun-Iau 
 
 Several times 
 The last, end 
 One by one 
 Every day 
 Again 
 Collectively 
 
 Do. 
 Thereupon 
 
 mm 
 
 Ta ui' 
 sAaw-mi 
 yat yat 
 mui' yat 
 yau", Uo%' 
 hop t'ung 
 t'ung mai 
 tsau^ 
 
 
 ^i^ 
 
 A period of ten days 
 Three decades (=1 month) 
 Within ten days 
 More than ten days 
 An intercalary month 
 A watch (of two hours) 
 
 Times. 
 
 ck^ung 't&z J Cheung -Ai.:' 
 ch'i^ to ; chr ajii". 
 Wiri^-kong 
 
 yat ts'un 
 sam ts'un 
 ts'un noi^ 
 ts'un ngoi^ 
 yun*-iit 
 yat hang 
 
 Up is very attentive 
 See if they agree 
 Extremely beautiful 
 Can't believe it 
 Tie the string tight 
 Can't get it back 
 Brought it very far 
 Only several hundred 
 More than 100,000 
 
 t@ "f" :^ M 'G' """^ -'''H^-/«'» y"°g' ««'» 
 
 0li PT* ^ Prt i^ ""' ^^' ""^ '"^ '"'^ 
 
 Eclipse (solar) R ajl yat-shik 
 
 There is an eclipse (TC^kI^^ i'sB-Ziffla' shik 
 
 ("a. theHea- | R yat 
 
 venly dog devours the .sun ") 
 
 shap-ySji wa-mi' 
 
 sdm 'm sun tak 
 
 pong kdn ti shing 
 
 'm loll tah fan 
 
 ho lin' tarn loi 
 
 p(U kioo^ hi pah 
 
 L shap to man^ 
 
 To burn fire- 'j^^jjgjj^ shin in-foU 
 
 works 
 Duty (Custom- MpJ ^^ heung' -ngaa 
 
 house) 
 
To resist an ene 
 my 
 
 chak 
 
 t'in 
 wan t'in 
 
 LESSON LIV (continued.) 167 
 
 Lunar eclipse ^ ^^ iit-sliik To pay duties ^ |)^ ^ nap hemg -ngi,-!). 
 
 There is a lunar / ^ X^j -^ t'in-kau shik Elephant ^ tseung' 
 
 eclipse { ^ at Ivory hall ^ ^ ^ tseung'-nga-k'au 
 
 Enemy ■m^ j^ ch'au-tik Evidence pj -flfc hau-lung 
 
 •,a Tn/ toi" <<'»£'' ch'au- Famine ■ral Kf* ki-fong 
 
 tik Dust yte f^ nai-ch'ftn 
 
 Ferryboat 'f^i/ll'C!^ wang-stej-to' A family or clau ^C- 
 
 The landing place ( ' j^ ^^flC (J^ wang-s/iM -to' To agi-ee with ^ fu 
 of a ferry ( flp t'au (as testimony) 
 
 The price of grain (^^^^ tei mai' t'ang Field JJJ 
 
 is rising ( ^ kwai^ To weed a field ij; ffl 
 
 Emoluments (of- [^p^ft, yeuug'-hm, Fire i]^ foK 
 
 fioial) ^^S;^fc^^ yeung'-lim-ngan 
 
 1 To-morrow will be the first ^ y 'j^ ;j'^ — ■ ming-yat hai ch'o yat 
 
 day of the Month 
 
 2 Then to-day is the last of this ^ Q Wt'^ B^1l3 /^ ^ kam-yat tsau hai ni-ko ut shau- 
 
 raonth ^''i^ 9 toi ^'^ ja* 
 
 3 Have you seen him only -^ ^1^ >^MfS — '^ °' '"'^ ''a' ''"' l^^^o k'ii yat ts'z 
 
 once ? B=F? me ? 
 
 4 I have seen him very many ^ ^JJW jHjtj^^ ngo kin fcwo k'u ho to ts'z 
 
 times [!§■ lok 
 
 5 Yon are talking at random ; -^ SLsft''^ ' tS"^ H "' '"" ^°^^ '^^ ' '^'^ I'^-yat 
 
 he only came to-day JE5R)® 0S" ohiug loi kwo che 
 
 6 At most you can only have f^^.^^ ^j)w,l^ ~~* °' '^^ '" ^"^ ^^° ''" ^^^ '''" 
 
 seen him once ^'CBs' "^^^ 
 
 7 What did they do when they f ^B|[^^|}JQ ^ '^ "fi ^ ''"'*' ^"^ '^° ^^ *^° mat-ye 
 
 came ? O/j^ ni ? 
 
 8 Firstly they came here to see '^fS^fi^l^R^i^'^ y^' ^°' '^''^''' ^™ ni-oh'u t'am ni ; 
 
 you; and secondly they went 'f^, Hl'^'fS^lttTO^* i loi k'ii-ti hu shing 
 
 to the city to buy things jjfi ^ |^ mai ye 
 
 9 Do you only pay Customs fl5»'!™'^#P3lIpI ' vC °' *'"'^ ^^ °''P l>eung yat ts'z 
 
 duties once ? fll^ me ? 
 
168 LLSSdN LIV (C()NTINDF.r>.) 
 
 10 No: they have to be paid P^f^i ^^^ ^^''1^ '™ '''''' '" ""P ''^ '''^ '^^ 
 
 several times 
 
 11 What do you go there for fjj^ Q "^'SJlfel^^'^'^ °' yat-yat hu ko-ch'ii tso mat- 
 
 evcryday? ^PJS >"= °'^ 
 
 12 I go to my family every other Sp^H^ R ^M-i-TpPnf ngo kan-yat fan hii ngo ke 
 
 day 'tt ^^ chii-ka 
 
 13 That flower garden is ex- IllB]f@-ffi^I~r''^5p ko-ko fa-iin shap-fan wa-mi 
 
 tremely beautiful 3& 
 
 14 Are these the things you want? 5/S''&'?]'f^f^^''i^i^''^ °^"'' ''^' "' '" ^^ '"^ ™'^'' 
 
 15 This is the first, and the others H/j^Htfj'f^ ^ ■, I&! ^ ni-ti liai tai yat, k'i ii chiu ts'z-tsu 
 
 follow hi order H^^ ^ |? ^ 'ft l^'J kan chii la 
 
 16 Those men are working turn PfBtlBw y^fflMj^TOT JI] ko-ti yan lun-lau tso kung- 
 
 and turn about -^^ fu 
 
 17 There is a great deal of dust y^ Q itjF^iMJ^ kiim-yat ho to nai-ch'an 
 
 to-day 
 
 18 What is the price of those fire- Uj^B^^ij® j/^^^i^^ ^°-'' '""''°^ ^=""8 ™^' ^' 'o 's'in 
 
 works collectively ? ^S iyji ni ? 
 
 19 Do you want to let off fire- ^ fl^W^T^ "^'/^'ji'H kam-man ni chung-i shiu in-foh 
 
 works to night ? f/^tflS me ? 
 
 20 The boat has gone to the RJ&^^^l^^l^ ^° ''^"^ *'®°S ™'" l"'" to-t'au 
 
 landing place (!§■ lok 
 
 21 The women are weeding the nfRRHil'gf' JvfctFB ko-ti nii-yan wan t'in 
 
 fields 
 
 22 Do they fear famine ? l^^ffiM^Po'BlS '''""*' P'^ ki-fong 'm ni ? 
 
 23 Have you ever seen a solar "pjJ/W ,Mi>W H bK if ™ ^^"^ '''° '^^° yat-shik mo 
 
 eclipse ? DH ni ? 
 
 24 No, there was a lunar ecHpse ^, ^'(Q ^ M €^0^ ™o, sin ko iit ut-shik che 
 
 last mouth 
 
 25 Those balls are all made of BjB'lS^^'^^;^^ ko-ti k'aa hai tseung-uga ching 
 
 ivory pfe ke 
 
 26 The emoluments were not suf- ^"(^P^^i ^l^f^ lim-fuug 'm kau ; shoh-i k'u hii 
 
 ficient ; he thereupon left J^P^ lok 
 
 27 I hoi'C he will come back again ^ g^f^^^j^ ^S" mong k'ti fan loi 
 
LESSONS LIV AND LV. 169 
 
 28 Was there any evidence '^'Bl f3 "S^ulElflEllSyv ^^^ '"^* ''^""''""g ohing ko-ko 
 
 against tliat man ? ^t BB yan mo ni ? 
 
 29 The Lii family gave evidence H J^ |^ •ftfc lK Lii chak lai kung k'tt 
 
 against hhn 
 
 30 Did vi'hat they said agree ? fglMiJ^^^iE^'^ '''"-*' *<>'' '^""S ko fu-hop 'm 
 
 pa^ ni? 
 
 31 He huys it for liis hrst-horn Ig ^l^'f^tH''IC:M '''" ""*' '*'' P' '''" '^'^ cheung- 
 
 son "^P^ *«2 I^s 
 
 32 I can't believe it ; they are '^ Pq fp ^) f^''^'^ ngo 'm sun tak ; k'u-ti hai 'm 
 
 bad men P^jiryV ho yau 
 
 33 I wish he wouldn't ring that ^'1^ ^P^f^P^^R/B ^B° •'an pat tak k'ii 'm ta ko-ko 
 
 bell 10^8 chung 
 
 3i It is rung every other day at |^ O 'fe Rlbl® ^W '^ lT ^^^'J^^ ^^ ^^'^° shi-hau ta 
 
 this time P|^ ke 
 
 35 Have you been playing at f^ ^ i^fS'^iil'lT'lRiij? °' ^^"^ *'""S ''"''"*' '^ chi-p'ai 
 
 cards with them ? -rjlJ/B mo ui? 
 
 36 Yes, and I have lost money ;^, ^R ffifllj l'^^® Pw" y^"' "8° ^^^ tiu ts'in lok 
 
 37 You are writmg a very long Tm,^ "rI ilTl^''^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^'^ ^° ch'eung ke 
 
 sentence (rail la 
 
 38 Are you going to Peking once fy^ OC'^-^'^L fil '^C °' ^^"^ senng hii Pak-king yat 
 
 again? ^^0$ ts'ztlmme? 
 
 39 I may go and I may not ^& rt> .i. T? m> QE. .±4 ngo wak hii yau wak 'm hii 
 
 40 He said a good deal about 'fS ^£ W? ^^J^S'ZI' '''" ''°"^ ^° *° ^"^ P™^ ^^" 
 
 sickness and so forth —r" wan 
 
 LESSON LV. 
 
 Adverbs of Quality 
 
 ^tl6^ (o<i Suddenly i^, M ■''"'"-'" 
 
 "Very much -4— ^* ^^ shap-/ffl« (o (Generally ^^ *Hf tai'-iW 
 
 Do. ^ ^ Ao' «o Do. '^ 0^ sheung-shi 
 
 More 
 
170 
 
 LESSON LV (CONTINUKD.) 
 
 As much as 
 
 Pt^ 
 
 koin to 
 
 Accidentally 
 
 Not right 
 
 Pg# 
 
 'm cheuk 
 
 Extremely 
 
 Otherwise 
 
 mm 
 
 pit yeung' 
 
 Do. 
 
 Willingly 
 
 -yt'^' 
 
 koni'Sdm 
 
 Scarcely 
 
 Peaceably 
 
 ¥^ 
 
 p'ing-o» 
 
 Bather 
 
 Nearly 
 
 5l#ifi: 
 
 iseuyig-k&n' 
 
 Only 
 
 i^pM 
 
 im 
 
 ng.m -m 
 ;(U>tsai' (affix) 
 kik 
 
 p'oh 
 tuk 
 
 So far : so near 
 I came by land 
 I came in a ship 
 Perhaps it is not 
 Do" it gradually 
 
 You are making money 
 I can't distinguish them 
 That agrees best - 
 Don't you feel ashamed? 
 Do the whole again 
 Don't be so violent 
 Whose fault is it ? 
 He desires too much 
 Don't be so hasty 
 Paid all debts 
 Obtain great profits 
 Pm sorry to trouble you 
 It is too large 
 I think so too 
 A very httle 
 
 A mender of f ^<^ :f^ 0g 
 
 crockery-ware [ i^ 
 
 A pressing crowd y+ iS A^ 
 
 Dollar ' M ^ 
 
 „ Spanish § ^ $^ 
 
 „ Mexican |^ ^ 
 
 „ Ferdinand -^ ^ 
 
 ^tr^^ "g°' '«' '»' ^°^ 
 
 ^^"^Ml^ °So' '"P sliiin lo! 
 
 ^ ^ Pa 1^ "^"'^ "'"' '™ ^"'^ 
 
 jW iljf W '*™" *''™' '^°' 
 
 Mn 
 
 • HT |i^ ni' ii-/f(my>(r.ti'oi /ot: 
 
 ^pgpt^^ 
 
 P^iiTPtlSPli^ 
 
 mmmm 
 6<) pt ^ 
 
 fo-fa-v li - 
 
 lo 
 ho pf/c yan 
 yat iin ngan 
 Lii 'svnff ngan 
 
 ywtjr-ngan 
 / «!<-ngRn 
 
 Scent 
 
 Crape 
 
 Crockery 
 
 Dew 
 
 Dancing 
 
 Darknf'ss 
 
 Death 
 
 ngo 'm/aft ial- hot 
 Irj -ko^ chi hop y/a'/' 
 ni \\\ kio^ ch^au me? 
 yat ts>iH{j tso^ hwd^ fok 
 'm Ao honi t&^o^-^o' 
 mdi-shui k^ ts^oJi' tii 7 
 k'ii oi^ to tuJc tsai^ 
 'm ho loin p'an-lan 
 wan ts^in() cliai' lok 
 chan^ ij"th ch'ung' lok 
 ngo 'm hoi ni 
 hai' tai' hv]6' t'au 
 ngo to kom seuvr/ 
 tlk knrn to 
 
 ■?£ ^ ?T^ fn-W-shm 
 isau'-sha 
 
 
 ts z-As 
 lo^-s/mi' 
 /'?«.' mo' 
 
LESSON LV (continued.) 171 
 
 I of a dollar 551 ^ 23 °g' '^'"^ ""^^ Hunting dog ^^ i^ lip-iaw' 
 ^ ,, — -^ ^^ "^^ sam ts'in luk Deer Iffi luk 
 
 \ „ ^S y^ ts'in pat A crowd Jj^ tui 
 
 1 Whea did you find it out? -^^B^ ^{U''i^*M "' ^'' ^*^' '«'^™ o'^'"' ^^ "' ? 
 
 2 I have not yet paid all my ^^7|Ca*iS)W^ ngo mi ts'ang wan ts'ing chai 
 
 debts 
 
 3 I would willingly do it over ^& "CT* j^ 3L jgjjf ^JW "go kom-siim tsoi tso kwo 
 
 again 
 
 4 I must not be so violent ^PM' Wf P f^"^ "^o '"" clieuk kom ts'o-po 
 
 5 If I could only make some ^'^'^S^ f^''^'*! ^^ ^^^ ^^^ "S° °^'"' *^'^ '^ *^''°' °S0 
 
 money I would pay you W^^ f^^'W' '^*'* ^™ "' '"'' 
 
 € It is always very Uttle that ^il^H^-§|^f^f^|^^^ ngo shi-sbi to hai tso tak tik kom 
 I can do Pil'^B^ ^'^^^ 
 
 7 It is as much as it cost when -Sm [|i ^^ ^ h5 1^ fla f^ '' '" ''" "^'^^ *" *° '"^' '^'"'*' '^'' '^°™ 
 
 new PI^^^^B^ to ts'in cUe 
 
 8 It is more than I would pay ^^jS fl^ %y^ tt)''^''^ '° '^^^ "=° ^^°^ "° '^'^'"' "^^ ^°^ 
 
 9 I very much regret not ha- ^g ^ "m Pa M -^jEL "2° I'o-^ik 'm ts'ang kin kwo 
 
 viug seen you before tJIk ni 
 
 10 It is only a quarter to five ^^10 R*5. tSOS' cluing ko kwat ng tim che 
 
 II They would rather I did not f|3l^^J!^^P§'^ k'ii-ti ning-un ngo 'm liii chung 
 
 go S^ ^° 
 
 32 He is certain to be there 'ISW'j^'^''|0l^''^ '^'^ ^'^^' ^^^ '^°' ''^O"'^'''" ^e 
 
 Pg- lok 
 
 13 Whea will it be finished? ^B^ lE'f^'^^f'M '^' ^^^ "^^'^S tso tak tin ni ? 
 
 14 There is not nearly enough ^K^^ jRi^^SWC TC.^^ '^' y^" '"' ^^^ '^^° ^^° '^ '^'^'^ 
 
 for dinner B^Q clii 
 
 15 Do you think he will come f${fpf^'j^^^^P§ "i ku k'ii hai p'ing-oii loi 'm 
 
 peaceably? [W3 ni? 
 
 16 I can scarcely tell ; he is ^g §5^^H^' f SB^ 'm "^^ '° °™ ^^ ' '''" ^hi-sheung hai 
 
 generally good tempered 'J^IITpP ct''^ ho pan-sing ke 
 
 17 There has been extremely bad ^/S'JS ^ ^^^i^Po "' ^° "* t'in-shi ts'iiu hai 'm 
 
 weather all this month ^tj''^ '"' ^^ 
 
 18 He cannot row very well 'f^P§"'j^ "H^P'^-^ '''" '•" '''" shap-ftn ui chau 
 
172 LESSON Lv (continued.) 
 
 19 Wm you come ? Otherwise I f;5t^Il§-5f ' Po f^ ^ °' '"' 'm a ? 'm liai ngo tsaa ha 
 
 shaU go away Wt^^ ^°^ 
 
 20 He must have died very sud- '{^^Jj^'^^^^^^f^^ ^'^ *'-P'' ^^' '''''■'" '^^ ^^ 
 
 denly P^ 1°'' 
 
 21 His horse fell down quite •fgP^,^ f|^^ ^^"^ '''" ^^ ""^ ngau-in-kan tit to 
 
 accidentaUy P^ ^^ 
 
 22 Those people generally go by I}||jn6-| A^^ "^ tl ^i ''°"'' ^^'^ ^hi-sheuiig ta lo hii 
 
 land "^^ ''^'° 
 
 23 It is very weU done, it is worth ^ |^"l"^$J' 'M f^ '^'™^ '^^ shap-fan ho, chik tak 
 
 three dollars (Mexican) ^101^^ sam ko ying-ngan 
 
 24 He always wants to gain a "[^^ B«^ ^^E^ltj' ^ '^'" *^''^'" '° '"^ *™ '^^ *" 
 
 great deal of money ^S ngan 
 
 25 That is why he came hy laud B^'^P^f^-jT^^ ^"-^ ^^ '^°™ ^'^ *^ '° '"' 
 
 26 That is not your fault, you P§"j^f5»''^^.»l^' i^ '™ ^'*' " ^^ '*'°'^ ''"'°' '" '^P 
 
 came in a ship i^llB ^R""^ *^'"'' '°' '"' 
 
 27 If you come to stay you must ^''^|^f/J*5RlxPa'5t?T^ yeuk hai ni loi chii 'm ho tsok 
 
 not be violent Hflat:^ ok poh 
 
 28 I shall finish this gradually Pzi 5rj ^^C^^ ?S ^^ i^T !W ^^^ "" ''''' '^'^° "2° t^^" tsim- 
 
 after dinner "(S^TIitS tsim tso iin k'ii 
 
 29 If you weie not so violent >Fi W^Pa^^Pn !fe^fe'^ff~ yenk ni 'ra hai kom ts'o-po, shi- 
 
 you would do it better it^*fS^'f^itf'f&^ pit tso tak ho ti 
 
 80 Perhaps it will not be so bad ^& ^^h ijW W -T^ H Q'^ ""^^ '^^^ man-man mo kom yai 
 by and by 
 
 31 When are you going over it f^ ^ 3^ |f- f^ 'Ml^J't °' "*' ^'" '^°' ^^° ^'^° ^ ' 
 
 again ? (a somewhat slang expression) 
 
 32 I think I shall do it when I ^g 'fI •ClGl^T ^£B^ jj£ '^S" 7^^ '*' P^ shi-hau shi ching 
 
 have plenty of time W^ tso 
 
 33 The crape long coat was not iEl n"S^^'T^l|\^fRP'§' ^° 1^™ tsau-sha ch'eung-sham k'ii 
 
 always worn by bim ni^ 3qF B^^f "^ 'm hai slri-shi clieuk ke 
 
 34 His uncle died very sud- "IHl'll ^ ^ i^'i^ 1^ iSvfe ^''" ^® ^ ^^^^ fat-m-kan tsau sze 
 
 denly ^p|^ ke 
 
 35 That crockery was very OfellJ'^>l'i^§& ~H:^i(?^ '^°"'' t^'^-^i shap-ftn ho shik- 
 
 nicely coloured '^S chak 
 
LESSONS LV AND I, VI. 173 
 
 86 There was a very larfri- crowd ^ J^ ^ :^ |^ ho pile yan hu t'ai 
 
 to see it 
 
 37 He says there is no danger j^fJUf^^PofQ j^ k'u wa ko-ch'u 'm p'a foh- 
 
 of fire 1^ chuk 
 
 38 It is very dark, I cannot see -j^^^, ^Pa'i^^ shap-fan hak, ngo 'm t'ai tak kin 
 
 'l>e<log ^P|M;^^^ kochekkau 
 
 39 They had been to see the tg?J^^i|^J^ A?Hk^^ '''"-'' '™ ''='' ^wo yan-ti t'in- 
 
 danoing ^3^ ^° Jok 
 
 40 Have you heard of that per- "^ ^ ^ #'^1® A. ^"E °' J^" '"^" '^"^ ^o-ko yan sze 
 
 son's death ? ^^^J^ ^'" ^° "' ■" 
 
 41 Do Chinese use scent? )^ Affl-fE^V^Pa T'ong-yan yung fa-Io-shni 'm 
 
 V)i ni? 
 
 42 They generally do not use j^t^Zp Q P§-^J^I}|i] k'h-ti p'ing-yat 'm to yung ko-ti 
 
 such a scent (water) ''^?i^''^§yi'C ^°^ ^'^'^ heung-shui 
 
 LESSOI^ LVI. 
 
 Future events tP ^^PhF ^S- iii' loi ^e^ sze' Unitedly -^^ jffl liop-niai 
 
 Neighbouring U|^ Sft kak-]i Lastly uyj^ JS shati-im 
 
 Separately Bi^ BM Icah-hoi Confusedly @[ liin* 
 
 Intensity of assertion is conveyed by the use of such words as CHi ^, tai 
 
 ^, HOH Pf, TS'IT -^, MAN H, KUT }^, TS0NG |g, HAM P^, CHAN ^, PIT ij^\, 
 
 &c., with PAT ^ or MO ^ for the negation; e.g., most decidedly not 1^^ 
 P§ ■^ KiJT IN 'm hai ; / really cannot do it ^ ^ ^> pS. >^ ^ nog chan hai 
 'm tso tak ; he will certainly come '[H & jJA ^j^ K'ii shi-pit lot ; lie is surely mad 
 ■|g ^ jE ^ ^ K'ij CHAN ching hai tin. 
 
 A circle • '(ffl ^j yat ko' h'dn Memory gg 1^ W-sing' 
 
 One-eyed ^ |R^ P^ (am-ngan' ie' Fault ^ (s'oV 
 
17'1 
 
 LUSSON LVI (L'cjNXrNUED.) 
 
 Powder (medicine 
 
 1 ,*K Wi- 
 
 yculc-i-a//' 
 
 To pronounce (as 
 
 HI 
 
 Arrange (to) 
 
 ^m 
 
 cJd)ig -ts'ai 
 
 a tone) 
 
 
 Moonliglit 
 
 M^ 
 
 ut-hoonu 
 
 Stroke (of a clia- 
 
 
 Headache 
 
 Mm 
 
 i'au-l'unrj' 
 
 racter) 
 
 
 To tuni over (as 
 
 mm 
 
 fan-chuit' 
 
 Deep 
 
 
 tlie leaves of a 
 
 booli) 
 
 
 Tone 
 
 
 yj^-sheng 
 
 wak 
 
 
 yam 
 
 Ke P|^, answers to "=ed'' in cases where nouns are used as adjectives to 
 qualify other nouns ; e.g., is that a one-eyed man ? I'B <^^ |S [^R P&f pE. Y^ oR 
 
 K'tj HAI TAN-NGAN KE 'si HAI NI ? 
 
 Whose turn is it to read ? 
 I cannot lift it 
 It must be true 
 You talk too much 
 As hard as stone 
 Hiis it the same tone? 
 1 ilnii't feel very well 
 How many strokes has it ? 
 Arrange those hooks 
 
 Im 5lJ >S lis ^ 5/g 1"° ">' '"•" '■"' t"!^ '"■? 
 iiT iEl S Ptl^H 
 
 It will certainly he advantageous -^j Ij^ '^^ -^^ PiJ 
 
 Tak,= (eat) this powder -^ |j|j^ f)^/] ^ f^" 
 
 ii., you f .1 giddy ? ^M'^^^M 
 
 He is deaf fg # ^ S "It 
 
 He died of sm:ill pox f S ttHS ^E "H 
 
 I am considerably better (Hi. I am jj^ ^ ;^ ^ pi|J 
 more than half curud) 
 
 Gunpowder '/^ w| /oA'-yeuk 
 
 To make gunpowdi-r ^^ j/^^^ "'"'"i?' /"*' -yeuk 
 
 Law ^ ^ Iut-/a( 
 
 To keep the law Tt' HpiK *^''"' '"'■'^'"^ 
 
 Leisure |^ 0^ han-ha' 
 
 Do. IjflB^"^ han-slii-hau^ 
 
 Gauze (watered) Mlj^g^j) heung -wsin-sha 
 
 Heavens 
 Landlord (of 
 
 a shop) 
 Landlord (of 
 
 a house) 
 Gratitude 
 Catalogue 
 
 ngo' 'm iiiiuj talc hi 
 pit tin'^' hai^ cJuhi If^ 
 ni hnmj to lak tsai^ 
 In) ts'z shek loia ngang"" 
 t'ung^am 'm t'ung ni'f 
 u^m' 'm to tsz-in 
 yau // to wak ?(/? 
 t/////j/' ts'ai io'-// s/iii 
 shi^-y^;7 yau' yik /e" 
 shik ///-/( y^uk-siin 
 yau' t'au-wau mo' ni") 
 k'ii hai' i' -lung Je" 
 k'ii cA'ui tau^ s:e' ^e^ 
 ho fait to!^ pmi la 
 
 T^, ^^ 'y* <'»■», ('j)l-t'oDg 
 
 jp'o'-cAa' 
 
 Mi 
 
 ^11 m 
 
 cheung-tan 
 
LKssoN i,'\'i (continued.) 
 
 m 
 
 Thermomoter ^^^5"yt iion-shii' -chdm 
 
 Freight (cost of) -W^ jm] ^fi shm -ieuh-ngha 
 
 Glue ^fc- jjy Hp. ngau-p'i-ia»« 
 To draw up a list lla ^)l 
 Lackered ware '/^^ SS; 
 
 Fire-crackers 1^ 'j^ 
 
 M^ 
 ^¥ 
 
 ili¥ 
 4^il 
 
 Grass-cloth 
 Goat 
 Do. 
 Flea 
 
 Fly 
 
 /i,d lit 
 
 j?au-tseung' 
 ha^-jjo^ 
 ^s*o -ycung 
 sAttji-yeung 
 l:au -shat 
 M-ying 
 
 Flagstaff j^ ^f 
 
 Intimate (^ ^ 
 
 Landing place JW g^ 
 (wharf) 
 
 Light (the) 
 
 Handle 
 
 Frost 
 
 Fog 
 
 Grass 
 
 Heat 
 
 
 k'i-foj/t 
 tsrung'-nga 
 tiaiii-fuh 
 to'-t'au 
 
 kwong 
 
 phiif 
 
 seunij 
 
 mo 
 
 ts'd 
 
 it 
 
 1 What flag is that on the high Pf0^j^^^f THpIJ^^ ko chi ko k'i-kon tcng ke k'i hai 
 flagstaff? -^ -^ ^W, B'S mU-je k'i ni ? 
 
 2 There are certaiuly some p|^ |g| tK|^j^B^;^>4f^ ko-ko fa-un in-sH shi-pit yau fa 
 
 flowers in that garden now -W-fS 
 
 3 The Chinese are very fond of jg" ^ jjj F^ ^ 1^^ T'ong-yan ho chung-i pau- 
 
 fire-crackers '^0 tseung 
 
 4 "Yesterday there was frost and |fp y 'R^^H' 5fB'»''N '^°k-yat yau seung, u-kam yau 
 
 now there is a fog gSi mo 
 
 5 Wlien the heat comes there ^9^?K^' W£ M '^^ '''""Sl" it, tsau yau u-ying kuug 
 
 will he flies and fleas it affl ^ kan-shat 
 
 € Those flowers in the grass are _^ pj 10f(fl\| fE'T^r'W '^'° ""' ''°"'' '''' ^^ap-fan tsiug- 
 very beautiful sjjSI chi 
 
 7 I want some glue to use for ^^^^"^Jj^^P^^ '^S,° i" tik ngau-p'i-kau lai cliing 
 tliis chair B^S^lW '^^ cheung i 
 
 8 My friend is the landlord of a ^P|£^ M^'i^ ' ^ "S" ^^ p'ang-yau hai ko yat kan 
 
 large garden ;^'ffiSI''^i A. ***' ^''■"" ^'^ chu-yan 
 
 9 What amount of freight does (fj^^^llft'^'^^j^^ ko chek shiin tsoi foh yau ki to 
 
 that ship earn ? ^j^^ ® B'S shui-kenk ngan ni ? 
 
 10 She will most likely hring ^tPE^ ^^^^;^ tai-k'oi tsoi ho to tseung-nga kung 
 
 ivory and lackered-ware l^2S ts'at-hi 
 
 11 Bring me a hght; I want to see Tfi'fjSI j/^l^^, ^^ "™ ko foh lai ngo ; ngo iu t'ai 
 
 the landing place (wharf) 
 
 . to-t au 
 
176 LESSON LVI (continued.) 
 
 12 What kii.a of gauze is that ? '(|3!l|^J'|^ ^W^M^^)^ '^°"'' ''"' ^^'-y ^'^^ "' '' 
 
 13 The skj is (Heavens are) T^ -4-' ^f* -jf^ t'ui shap-Iau kwong 
 
 very liglit 
 
 14. That man has a large amount [|jB] ^^ ^ ^T ^ JS ko-ko yan ho ohi yan ke 
 
 of gratitude P|)£ 
 
 15 I shall go out shooting when ^-f^]^ BiipMfe-i'-}T "S" ^^^ li^" ^'"> '^^" '^'■i '* 
 
 I have leisure pfe tseuk 
 
 16 Have you any gunpowder here fiyltW^^^'&y^^^/Tt ni ni-ch'ii yau foh-yeuk mo 
 
 with you ? DB ni ? 
 
 1 7 ^\'ho was that touched the "Ei^^^eBiHIMP n'j^ mat-shui mo ko-ko mun-piiig 
 
 handle of the door ? |j/3 ni ? 
 
 18 Tills grass-cloth is very good R/?,O0^S^'m~l ^^jtj "^"''' l^^-po shap-fan ho 
 
 19 When will you get that ther- f/Jx^BsJp jEi'^MltlS^^ "' l^' sl^i <='""§ lo'' '^^ ko chi hon- 
 
 mometer? |iC^'$TR/S shii-chamni? 
 
 20 I do not know ; I cannot tell ^ pE-^ iB , PrtuS "^ "S" 'm *> tak ; 'm wa tak ni 
 
 yo« f^^^ff ciii 
 
 21 How do you expect the list fvJ^fpDfil^^S.So'^ ffH '" ^u ko cheung tan tim yeung 
 
 will he arranged ? ^|j [iB hoi Ut ni ? 
 
 22 You have written that sepa- ^^ M| MffBtl^ ^^ ^"" '^°' ^^ ^°-^ 
 
 rately 
 
 23 Yon would have done it better ■^ i® ^'^^^'^^ °' ying-koi hop-mai tso ho ti a 
 
 unitedly D^'fj^ 
 
 24 Of late it was done very con- j£ ^ |^ ^ JL kan-yat ching tak ho lun 
 
 fusedly 
 
 25 What tone did he say it in ? f^^-^I^^^Ill^ k'ii kong mat-ye sheng-yam ni ? 
 2G I entirely forget; I have a ^|^,^§E[I^P^, ^ "go tsung mong-ki sai lok, ngo 'm 
 
 bad memory pQ^oE'^ ^° '"'"^'"S 
 
 27 How many strokes were there Bjpj'l^-^'^^^ ^ ^J ko-ko tsz yau Id to wak ni ? 
 
 in the character? DH 
 
 28 I only saw it by moon- ^ Jj|^'|^^ 3fe^|^ "8° '"^ ''*' yiit-kwong shi t'ai 
 
 light ^ kin 
 
 29 Is that pool of water deep or BJQ'fS^f^TfC'^^ ^°-^° t'ong ke sbui sham wak 
 
 sliaUow i^B^ ts'inni? 
 
LESSONS LVl AND Wit. 177 
 
 30 That wan is one-eyed, but it |)|Q j]g ^'^ W-W<.^^' ^°'^° ^'^'^ ''"' '""""S^n ke, tan 'ra 
 
 is not liis fault '(@,Pa1^tS''^ia hai It'ii ke ts'oh 
 
 31 Wlien did you turn over tlie f5»^g'l^^^l^'t®'?K§ ni ki shi fan-ohun ko pun shii- 
 
 leaves of tliat book ? M5^ 'P ^ ■" 
 
 32 I really do not remember when SgE JM.pS' 3Ei'ra'^»BNF -^ "S" °''^° "^ ''' ^^^ ''' ''^' '''" 
 
 I saw it jj^ kwo 
 
 33 That man is very deaf HfsIIH A -S-T^T^^S ko-ko yan i shap-lan lung 
 
 34 When were you last not very J^ 3x1 ''^^^E ^nF ^O ^^ H "" ''° P'° ''' ^'^ ™ *" *'"' 
 
 well? ^^ ">*? 
 
 35 Abont nine mouths ago when TCif^ Vfj}^ Fi Ifu^fe lH tai-yeuk kau ko ut ts'in ngo ohSlt 
 
 I had small pox ^HCiBIB^ *^^ ^° *' 
 
 36 What time is it by the clock f^'^'^^^^p^ ti-kam ko chung ki to tim 
 
 now? ^ ni? 
 
 37 I much wish the time would ^glH. JF'TO ^jpl^PyK-^- ngochanchingseung shi-hau mai 
 
 not go so quickly Pn It?! '^" ^°^ ^^^ 
 
 38 I think it is not yet twelve ^y 'fp^ tf /h "4-* *"*. So ngo ku mi yau shap-i tim ohi 
 
 o'clock pv^ 
 
 39 There are six flags up now on mII "^Ii^S/FFTM 'H^^^I^ ii-k^m k'i-kon ting yau luk ohi 
 
 the flagstaff ^ k'i 
 
 40 They will presently fire some f^lM/M'^Pfi^f^^ k'u-ti tsau shiu ti foh-yeuk 
 
 gunpowder |!2>- lok 
 
 LESSON LYII. 
 
 
 
 Prepositions. 
 
 
 
 About (just going to) jj^^ 
 
 tseung 
 
 Besides 
 
 ^^h 
 
 ling" ngoi* 
 
 About (coacernmg) 
 
 n 
 
 k'ap 
 
 Do. 
 
 ffij-a 
 
 i-ch'c 
 
 About (nearly) 
 
 ±^ 
 
 sheung'-Aa' 
 
 Amongst 
 Amidst 
 
 ^m 
 
 chung-l-an, 
 
 Across 
 
 m^M 
 
 wang, /cwo" 
 
 4« 
 
 chung 
 
 Below 
 
 Tm 
 
 ha'-piu' 
 
 Beyond 
 
 ^Sth 
 
 A-ai-ugoi^ 
 
178 
 
 LESSON LVII (continued.) 
 
 According to 
 At present 
 At home 
 
 =^ :^ in^tsoi 
 
 By what means ? 
 To sell by the catty 
 
 Itineraet Mbasukes. 
 
 Half a ts'iin' TT or mch 
 5 ts^dii \ I 
 
 368 1.0' ^ 
 
 8 a M 
 
 After (lit. to fallow) J^ 
 Against IftOT 
 
 Beyond ^Jj^ 
 
 jf! Hi ^ B'S y""s' ""^'■^'" "* ^ 
 
 g^ ir" ^8 '""" *"" """^ 
 
 ngak 
 
 10 li' 
 
 25U li' 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 h 
 
 po', or pace 
 
 li' or Chinese mile 
 
 English mile (nearly) 
 
 jHg\41 t'ong-SMft' or league 
 ^S to\ or degree 
 
 The fullest information on the weights and measures of China will be found 
 in William's Commercial Guide p. 278 et seqq. 
 
 Don't soak the brush (pencil) so much P^SpPB^£,lI]0/f5?^S i^^' '"« ^om^ nam ko chipit 
 
 A friend gave it to me - ^9.^ jSjJw ^''^ p'aug-yau' sung'' hioo' ngo' i«^ 
 
 Not sufficient room 
 
 Wounded mauy people 
 
 It is about to rain 
 
 Roll up that painting 
 
 Fold up the picture 
 
 Bring warm water for washing 
 
 He is very affable 
 
 There was a 6re last night 
 
 To-night I want a coverlet 
 
 Worthless articles (utensils) 
 
 fort clearance fj^«X^^T ^hiin /ort^'-hang- 
 
 IK <■'-' 
 
 Opium pipe j^/rjl® a-fi,C-in 
 
 Mother of pearl ^^'W'^^ wan-mo' -Aoi 
 Moneychanger ^^f^ i7(«»'-ts'in-;o' 
 
 ^ ^ Pa ■^ 'i^ ^^-f'"'9 '^ ^""^ «*'" 
 
 ■JT" '^ jtr ^' xx ''*' ^^^"'"■9 ^°' '" y^° 
 
 r (TK -W fifn ^^ sheung'-Aa' yau' U' lok 
 
 ■^ ^ ufS ts ^ '- " "■ '""' ^''' >* ^^' 
 
 t^^ JS ufQ tf s ^ ''^'^ ""' *"' ■^"'^' ^^' 
 
 -f^ l)^ ;!fC f^ ^ pi n\in-shui lai mi" 
 
 IHi^itf :i5gM k'ii' hai W setm^-ii' 
 
 B^ -9^ W >'C i)!^ tsok-man' yau' folt-chul 
 
 ■4^ ^ ^ B^ ^ Mm-man' iu^ i'om'-p'i' 
 
 5fe 
 
 Pa J^ |& M '"" *'''S Ai^-mhig' 
 
 To stick up a HH^^X ^^'■"^ piu-'hxva^ 
 
 placard 
 To play (at a 
 
 theatre) 
 To play (make 
 
 music) 
 
 fi, 
 
 tso' hi" 
 
 tso ngok 
 
LBSSON LVll (continued, ) 
 
 179 
 
 To mark goods 
 
 Revolver (pistol) 
 
 Muslin 
 
 A muster (pattern) 
 
 Do. 
 Oar 
 
 To pull the oars 
 i owling piece 
 Marriage 
 Trade 
 Pistol 
 An ignoramus 
 
 Do. 
 Placard 
 Do. 
 
 lok om^ 'ho' 
 
 y^ M iffi luk-Aa« -lin 
 
 f- 
 
 yenng'-ts: 
 pan^ 
 
 To make verses flA^ g 
 Politeness jrM S 
 
 Do. (rules of) ijlB y 
 Mud fort 
 Ocean 
 
 mm 
 
 chau^ tseung 
 niu -ts'eung 
 ka' ts'u' 
 
 shau -ts'eung 
 
 shan-lo 
 
 sAftn-tuk 
 
 ^j!i-hung 
 
 kai-chiu 
 
 Mouse 
 Bat 
 
 Postage 
 Monkey- 
 Do. (a slang 
 term) 
 Mosquito 
 Poetry 
 Poison 
 Net 
 
 
 ^m 
 
 y§,ra ski 
 
 lai -mau^ 
 
 lai'-a/w)^ 
 
 uai-shing 
 
 yeung-Aoi 
 
 shek-a/iit' 
 
 SUTl'-tSZ 
 
 ma -lau 
 
 
 shi 
 tuk 
 mong 
 
 m 
 
 ma-lau 
 tai yeuk iu ki to ts'in ching yeung 
 
 takk'iini? 
 ni hti t'ai ko-ti me ? 
 chiu-i t'in-slii lai ts'au 
 
 , ui chi to ni tsoi uk li lai 'm a ? 
 
 1 I hear that there is a monkey ^ ^ t^^jQj^ -^;^,^ "go man tak ko-oh'fl yau chefc 
 
 at that place |'^ 
 
 2 About how much wiU it cost "^)^^ 
 
 to feed it? ^fSE^ 
 
 3 WiU you go to see it ? -fy^^ ^ 1^ UlU I^^J H^ 
 
 4 That win be according to the ^^ flC^B^ 1^^ 
 
 weather 
 6 Do you know whether you fl^^ ^ 5lJ fj^^ ^ M f M 
 wiU be at home ? Po"^ 
 
 6 I shall be for the present ; 3©|B^ -^i f?l3 M^^fl^ ^1 m-M tsoi ; i-cb'e ngo shat ko- 
 
 besides, I cannot miss {Hfo H^-il ^ ^ ti ngok-yam 'm 
 
 the music Po'^f? ^° 
 
 7 I want to write to him because ^^^ f^^fSli|>^ "S° "* ^® ^"" "^^^ ^"^ yan-wai 
 
 of the mistake tlM''^^ ^ ^°'^^ ^^'°^ "'''" 
 
 8 You must not let the mud get f§{p§-ffl^f^!l6^^^^ °' '<" ^° P' '' "*' *'°S ts'&i " 
 
 on your clothes fi^^"^^ ^® *'^'" 
 
 9 Send a muster of these goods ^IjljJ |^*J '^ li^'i"^''^ ''' '''"*' '"'^■I'™ '^" °8° ''* 
 
 to my house S§,P-3 
 
 uk lai 
 
180 LESSON I.VII (CONTINDED.) 
 
 10 The moon is behind the 'j^^ -ffiH||]'fQ|Jj-^ ^ '" ut tsoi ko-ko shan hau-pin 
 
 mountains |^^ lai 
 
 11 What is that writing below the llf0'fHBg'§^~r> jj^^-^ ''°"'^° om-ho ha-tai se mat-ye ts« 
 
 priTate mark ? 1^ T^P^ 1^ '^' "' • 
 
 12 That remark might have been ^ !^tlf '{jj f^ 'ft "^ ^ wak-che ko kii hai mo mat i-sz 
 
 without meaning /Hi''^ ^^ 
 
 13 The Chinese do a good deal ^ A^^l^i^"^"^ T'ong-yan ho to tso chau-un 
 
 of money-changing 'T^iwC ^^ sbang-i 
 
 li The moon is always bright R/S^SB^'fH ,M mi B^l*^ ni-chan shi ko iit sheung-shi hai 
 just now Jtf 3t£ ''° l^^^™? 
 
 15 The mosquitos are very trouble- iffltlBfl^^Y^ "T^^'J® |^; ''°'*' "'*° ''^' sliap-fau fan-iu ; 
 
 some; I must use a net ^g-ffi. Fpjira«|S ngo in yung ko mong 
 
 16 England is situated beyond jtcL ^Q 4^ / (^ ySp ^S Ying-kwok hai tsoi yeung hoi 
 
 the ocean wvk ngoi 
 
 17 Why do they stick up placards 'f ^Ilt-!|/'j^ -^^ ©"^(5 |^^ ^'u-^i wai-mat-ye t'ip kai-ohiu 
 
 about it? n|g ni? 
 
 18 Because they come from the U11^tB^!%^3yS Jl^N yan-wai k'ii-ti yau hoi sheung 
 
 sea P^ loi ke 
 
 19 While I was smoking my pipe, ^K '^'^6 'KH Usf ^^"""^fc "S° '^"^ '^^" '"^ ^^' ^^ y*' ah-ek 
 
 I saw a mouse ^!S ^T shek-shii 
 
 20 There is not sufRoient room to O/^ I^PS' ^ ^"V^ rfe ni-ch'li 'm kau ti-fong tso 
 
 sit down here 
 
 21 <^an you pull two oars at one y^ '^T'F^f^pRT5s9^ °' ^^^ *''*' *'^*° '^ leung chi 
 
 time ? PoR/B tseung 'm ni ? 
 
 22 I did so when I was working 3gK ■yh R / ff* ™ff IfV ~f JS ngo sin-yat tsoi t'ing ta kung shi 
 
 in a boat 'Q Hj yau yung 
 
 83 They use a great deal of paste '[^^^^^^MQ^A '''""'i 7"°? ^° '° tseung-u t'ip 
 to stick up the placards ttlplllfi^lt^'IS ^°''' '^^'•'^''™ 
 
 24 Do you ever smoke opium? fy^/H'^^iffi^yE K^JroqH ui yau shik kwo a-p'in-in mo ni? 
 
 It is very bad ^/S i '^ "t^^Pa^tf ^^ shap-fan 'm ho 
 
 25 I used to have a revolver; you Z^y^^^^j^'/% |ll j^i "go sin-shi yaa chi luk-hau-lin; 
 
 had only a common ^5*'^^^^'^'^ niyauchip'ing-sheung shau- 
 
 pistol ^0^ t«'eung che 
 
YASSON Lvii (continued.) 781 
 
 26 I was very fond of play whea ^KlfiffllirfCl'?!^ Itf /GC^T "2° sai-mEin-tsai shi ho fan-tau 
 
 I was a boy pfep ko 
 
 27 Do you like poetry? I some- '^'4' j^f^'^o''!^' 5^^ m ohuug-i shi 'm ai ? ngo yau-ahi 
 
 times make verses -^BSfB^oijf yS.m shi 
 
 28 No ; I do not, though many pS. rjij ^^ P§-P^, S^f^ 'm cimng-i ; 'm ui, sui hai ho 
 
 people do ^'^}\J^% to yau ui 
 
 29 Have you ever seen a man j^^ ^ Mi>M /^ ^RS ^ "' y"" '^'" "^^^ y*° ^^^ tuk-yeuk 
 
 take poison ? "^ |j|^ rao ni ? 
 
 30 The Chinese are very polite j^^ ^^"h"^^? /la T'oiig-yan tai-ka shap-ftn ho lai- 
 
 (to each other) Sf sho 
 
 31 Have you received your port f/J'k'^-^^lJ ^fTitRl^ "' ?*" '^'P *" fong-hang-ohi mo 
 
 clearance yet 1 fjB ni ? 
 
 32 No ; they would not give it me ^, fSB^i'a'H 'f^^ ™°' ^'""*' '™ ''^"S P' "go 
 
 33 What is the postage of a letter ^^f^-^^^^^ki fting sun hii Ying-kwok iu ki 
 
 to England ? 0, ^^ ^ fjj^ to sun-tsze ni ? 
 
 34 I think it is about thirty ^f^^^~F*'(S^"t'"§° ^^ '" sam-shap-ko sin-sz, wak 
 
 cents, perhaps it may ■ ^ ^S^ ^tl6»| '^^'^ '^'^"'^g '^^ *° '' *" 
 
 be more Wl^Po^SE '™ '"!« 
 
 35 Has there been any fire lately ^J^ j£ Q '^i^S "^ Heung-kong kan-yat yau foh-ohuk 
 
 in Hong-kong ? ^ mo ni ? 
 
 36 There was a small one last ^ "^ ^/J'^'^J"* i^S tsok-ye yau siu'siu foh-ohuk 
 
 night g^ che 
 
 37 Do you use warm water for jfB'^f'J* J^ jfl )l3§'/!fC^ ii-kam ni chung yung niin-shui sai 
 
 wasliing your face now ? rtlpE-OB min 'm ni ? 
 
 38 Yes ; but I shall not use it ^S, iH'fe* $KP§' FH ^S '" ' **° ^^'- "S" "^ y"°g ki noi 
 
 much longer IfflTPn' ^°^ 
 
 39 There was a fight last night, P^^0|||)^f7'^' ■}T *sok-man ko-ch'u ta-kau, t« 
 
 and they wounded several '^S^ElpIyv sheung Id ko yan 
 
 people 
 
 40 Do you put a private mark on fi^t^'^'OB^^'Shfitii °' 7*° ^°^ ^° °^-^° *soi ui ko 
 
 your boxes ? 'iiE^BJ ^R/R '^™e min mo ui ? 
 
182 
 
 LKSSON LVIII. 
 
 LESSON LVIII. 
 
 Contrary to 
 During 
 
 Do. 
 In, within 
 Into 
 Siare 
 
 Do. 
 
 For (instead of) 
 
 Aft 
 
 aeuxKj'fixn 
 
 c/a'-noi'' 
 tsui' noi^ 
 yfqi noi' 
 
 tsz'-tB*ung 
 toi' 
 
 Opposed to 
 
 ffiiX 
 
 seung-fo.n 
 
 Opposite 
 
 mm 
 
 ^?fr-min^ 
 
 Lung since 
 
 ^% 
 
 ho ka u 
 
 To (unto) 
 
 m 
 
 tui" 
 
 Through 
 
 m. 
 
 t'-uiig 
 
 Except 
 
 ^ 
 
 ch'ii 
 
 Till 
 
 -TT* 
 
 tang 
 
 Laj^d Measuees. 
 
 po' -^ or kuiig ^ ( = 30.3234 sq. feet) 
 
 J'"' ^ 
 
 kok -^ ( = 202.56 sq yards) 
 
 mau' (jj/ or Chinese acre (^27.23 sq. poles) 
 
 k'ing ba ( = 16.7 acres) 
 
 The "mau" is, at most of the ports, roughly reckoned as one sixth of an 
 
 5 c'heh f\^ make one 
 
 24 po^ ^ 
 
 60 po^ ^ „ 
 
 4 kok ■m „ 
 
 100 mau' g^ „ 
 
 English acre. 
 
 Can you secure his safety ? 
 What evidence have you ? 
 It loolis better thau formerly 
 That suits very well 
 The sti'eets are very wet 
 This year's almanack 
 I kuow notliing about it - 
 
 
 Never mind ofhedoesn'fbelieve it 'fH P^* Ig ^^ -gg 
 
 At last it wiU break ^ "^ fj^f P^ i^ 
 
 Has he brought any? - ^ *^ ^ >fj ^^ 
 
 No need of disturbing him - P a '^ ^ ^ tS 
 
 yau m&t-y^ p'ang-^-ii^ ni'i 
 kang" ho fat kwo' kau^-shi 
 Tco 'Ico^ chi' ngam loJc 
 Aae-slieung^ ho ahap ke' 
 ^a77i-nin ke" t'ung-shii 
 ngo to 'm chi to"" 
 k'ii 'm sun"" tsau^ pa^ 
 yat-^2 nor ui lan^ 
 yau taC loi mo " / 'i' 
 m skM king tung' k'd' 
 
i.EssoK LVin (continued.) 
 
 183 
 
 You should get a little mors angry 
 That colour is good 
 Have you got an answer ? 
 The harvest is good - 
 Do not censure liim (don't blow 
 him up) 
 
 Proclamation 
 
 
 cliuiig* iu^ nail itau tHin 
 ko -fi iigau-a7(ijfc ho 
 yaa m-ydra mo ni ? 
 ho sAaw-sbing 
 'm ho chak naiO k'ii 
 
 
 /;t>'-shr 
 
 Kiches 
 
 To covet riches 
 
 Tanka boat 
 
 Po. 
 E*g 
 Do. 
 Do. 
 
 t8*oi-pak 
 
 t*'am ts^oi-pak 
 
 sam~pan 
 
 tfui^-j^ra-t'eng 
 
 po^'-suC 
 
 8liap-s«r-po^ 
 
 \sxi'-po'' 
 
 To issue a pro- rfj ^Br 7T> ch^ut ko'^-shi' 
 
 clamatioQ 
 
 Passage-boat ^ ]|ft to'-shiin 
 
 To embark i^i a :K ^ )|Qf tap to'-shiin 
 
 passage boat 
 
 ^M 
 
 Eope of a sail Sffi -^ ^3 lut tai' liu 
 
 Satin jSa t?H* jK^ Aon" -yji'-tUn' 
 
 Ocean ■?§£ yS yeung-Ao» 
 
 A man-of-war . F^ |M( jjirejf-shtin 
 
 Foresail flS rtjffl t'au li' 
 
 MainsaU t/^ |tjffl tai" li' 
 
 Mizen (after sail) J^ mffl mi' li' 
 Province .0^ 
 Provincial city (ap- -^ ^^ 
 
 plied in the South to Canton 
 
 and in other provinces to the local metropolis) 
 
 1 He made a promise to visit me f §]§ ^'^E-^'^i^ 
 
 at the provincial city ^r^ 
 
 3 The mandarin issued a pro- g IjW HJ ^^ TJC ^§' 
 
 shang -shing 
 
 Bemainfler 
 
 Rainbow 
 
 Eattan 
 
 Elver 
 
 Highway 
 
 Eocks 
 
 Hidden rocks 
 
 Security 
 
 Do. 
 Promise 
 
 Do. 
 Salary 
 
 Do. 
 
 Do. 
 Eiot 
 
 Do. 
 Small boat 
 Fast-boat 
 .Maat 
 
 Bain 
 Do. 
 Broad 
 Sea 
 
 urn 
 
 Ax 
 
 mi 
 mm 
 
 mm 
 
 yau' sliing^ 
 
 ^'m-huug 
 
 sAa-t'ang 
 
 kong, ho- 
 
 tai^ lo^ 
 
 p'un-shek 
 
 07ft^-shek 
 
 pau-kun 
 
 tam-po 
 
 t/ing-shmg 
 
 ying-hu, 
 
 fling -Ink 
 
 Slh'^-J'xiig 
 
 y2Xi-lmng 
 tsoh liin* 
 □au^ sze^ 
 sai^ t*eng' 
 yai^-t'eng 
 chi wai 
 ii -sha% 
 ii' 
 
 Jut 
 hoi 
 
 k'ii ying-shing tsoi shang-shing 
 
 t'am ngo 
 kun-fu ch'ut ko-shi wa ko-ti 
 
184 
 
 LESSON LVIII (continued. 
 
 iflnfi^ilP^^^ 
 
 ^'rt Pi 
 
 hai 'm hop lai k« 
 
 k'u mo mat-ye chenk tuk yats 
 
 lan-po che 
 kan-loi shing-yat lok u 
 
 olamatiou to say it was 
 
 contrary to law P^ 
 
 3 He has nothing on whatever "f^^-^^^^ "^i^l 
 
 hut rags fljQ§ 
 
 4 It has rained all day of late jfil 5|5 ^ 9 "^ Plf 
 
 5 Is there any difference between ^f-J-^^f ^^'-^^ t'eng-tsai knng Tan-ka-t'eng y&K 
 
 a small boat and a Tan- Q|J /W (I/^ 
 
 ka boat ? 
 6 There is a very great difler- "f' ^j;^:^ ^ij , p|| = 
 euce ; both sorts are (found) ^^f^-^l^filM 
 
 on the river I3s 
 
 fin-pit mo ni ? 
 
 shap-fan tai fan-pit ; leung yeung 
 to hai tsoi hoh min 
 lai 
 
 7 This is a very dirty road you f^^*^^^ — '(^1/^f^" "" °S° ^^"^ ^^^ '''" ""*'° ^^ 
 
 
 lo 
 
 Shang-shing chau-wai yau ts'ak 
 
 are taking me 
 8 There were thieves round 
 about Canton 
 9 Did the rat eat the rope on ^^'^)^_h.tt(^H^/i3i '°"^'^" ^^^ *"° sheung ko-ti 
 board the ship ? PqB^ ''^"S 'm ni ? 
 
 10 How broad is that sea ? "fHHS^^^B^ ^''■'^° '^" ti fut ni? 
 
 11 It is nearly as large as the ;^ -^ ^ WT'OsiH^^'B °^'^-V^^-^° ho ts'z Kwong-tung- 
 
 proviuce of Kwang-tung pTJ" -jjr ahang kom tai 
 
 12 What sorts of boats are to be [^] ^ J^ ,^ ^ P^ ^ heung Heung-kong shai hu k« 
 
 seen going towards Hong- 'fei -n, H^ "j'''BE t'eng hai mat yeung- 
 
 kong? B/3 tsz ke ni? 
 
 13 There are fast boats, passage •W'lTC^^-^^llft^^;^ 7^^ fai-t'eng, yau to-shiin, kung 
 
 boats and men-of-war going ISfi mj ^JyQ'v Pi ping-shun heung Kap-shui- 
 
 through Cap-shui-mun IsJci" """"^ ^^^ ''" 
 
 14 From what city does this satin Wti^HUf^lfJi^KBaiSfS °'~'' '^'"'-f'^"*''-''^ y^" pin-ko shing 
 
 chiefly come ? ^ 5|5^^ ^ 1^ '°' '^1^ *° ^ ' 
 
 15 Have you often seen a rain- y^ W M ^^ j[l''i)t ^CfcC °' y*" ^^'^ '''° sheung ke t'in- 
 
 bow in the sky ? '^ ff^ hung mo ni? 
 
 16 Not very often. It so seldom 
 rains hers 
 
 tSU-^k^V mo ki ho ; ni-ch'ii sham shiu yau. 
 ii lok 
 
LESSOK LVIII (COKTINUED.) 185 
 
 17 A riot took place not far ^(^B'S/^-Tf ^"xS.'fif ^ ni-oh'u mo ki un yau nau- 
 from here Ri^ ^g. sze 
 
 18 I do not like people who covet W"Hi m ''i^t/V' ^JfeP§ ''^™ ts'oi-pak ke yan, ngo 'm 
 
 riches ph ^0^ chung-i ke 
 
 19 He put the remainder of that t^|^:^^^lJ~l^ff0i)S^ k'ii chai mai shoh shing-ha ko-ti 
 
 bread away long since ^^ -Q W jSvP-^ min-pau ho noi lok 
 
 aO She is a three-masted Ameri- l^]-^ '"^ ^)^'j^Tm''i^ ^'^ ^^^ J^*" '^^^^ ^^^ "^^ '^^^ ^® 
 
 can sliip ^IM.^ Ta-k'i shiin 
 
 21 Has she sot her foresail and tS "^•j^ij';^ SM^PSx^^ '^'" ^^^ ^""^ ^' *'*""'' ''""^ '^ 
 
 mainsail? t'M'fT?^ Umoui? 
 
 22 The passage hoat ho embark- |g J5|f -J^ P^ (^ )lfif 1^ '''" ^^°^ '°'' '^^ to-shun hai tsoi 
 
 ed in was opposite '?E$Efe^\!®I ngo uk tui-min 
 
 my house yj-'A lai 
 
 23 The compradoro says he can 'jl^^^^ff^'^l^l^ ko mai-pan yan wa ho-i tsun-lik 
 
 give full security >^ttl'(^'f{3 tam-po k'u 
 
 24 There are a good mauy rocks Hfm fffl Vj^--^. "& W ^^yQ ko-ko hoi yau ho to ahek 
 
 in that sea 
 
 25 Eattans are used at Canton to ^^i^ ffll]^ff?j> iiiH-fJl ^''' 'S-sl^ing yung t'ang lai tso 
 
 make chairs Pj ' -/ i ke 
 
 26 What salary does your teacher '"^iCijf /TmF^E^ ' '^^^^ ^' ^e siu-sliaog mui iit shau ki to 
 
 get monthly? 5^1l^:^t!fe saa-l:"im ni? 
 
 27 He gets a very good salary as 'lB''|5£fip';^fe — I ;^'iCT''0 ^''"^ "' ^^'^"k^°i shap-tSn ho, yan 
 
 he is a good man l&'fe mBJM /V ^'^ ^^' ''''' ^^° ^^ 
 
 28 Can you secure his being in- ■^j^ HblMl^ j&MJ "^ Pa '^ °^°^ tam-po k'ii k'au-lik 'm 
 
 dustrious? 0/3 ui? 
 
 29 That is always a difficult l}f|ltl^^ Uif *^1^ ^ S^ ^°''' shi-sheuug hai ho nan 
 
 matter Pg| ke 
 
 30 You ought not to have to cen- fS^P^'l^^^^f^P^" ^ '"" yJ"g-koi chak nan k'ii 
 
 sure him very often ^, kom to 
 
 31 The ship ran upon a hidden ^ PJ ny^ f^ ^^Wl^^ "S ^^^ '^'^"^ ''" '^'^'^'^ ^'""™ ^^^ ™^ 
 
 rock five days since 'l^^'S' yat kau om-shek 
 
 32 How many were drowned in ^M.Wt^^^^§^j^^^^h '^°™ '^^" ^^^ ^^ '° ''"^ ""^^ 
 
 consequence ? PB sze ni ? 
 
186 
 
 LESSONS LVIII AND LIX. 
 
 tak ko cliek shiin p'ung 
 cheuk sliok ohe 
 ni ka ngo tsoi kam-nin ke t'ung- 
 shii lio-i wan tak lun t'in- 
 shi ke sze 'm ni? 
 
 83 I knownothingaliont it; alll ^-faj^pE-^, ^'^ ngo mat to 'm chi, tuk hai man 
 have heard is that this ship ^ f^'^'fl'^l|& 
 
 31 ShaJl I find things about the i^\i^ ^^-^ i^^M% 
 weather in this year's "j^ j^ t^#|^^ 
 
 ahnanaok? B$"lt^PgPJS 
 
 35 I believe so ; but I have not a ^fgY^flSji ; 'i§J^ ^ "g° °"" '"'' ^ona; tan hai ngo mo> 
 
 copy of the book J^nSj^PljF^t kom ke shii 
 
 36 Tell that man people should ^J^^'llQ flH ^ ^, -^ A w* ^'^° ko-ko yan chi, chung yan 
 
 never get angry ^^Prt'.^^S^ tsung 'm cheuk nau no 
 
 37 Do not censure him ; he is a fvj\.ffl^f§, fSl^^'f/Ci' ™^ °^" ^'"' ^'"^ ^^ ^" sam-ti 
 
 ^ Pi-W .^Mf ^^iM °S° 1^^ '^<'^S kin kwo k'u ho 
 
 [}^ noi lok 
 
 tS-S B'S 1^' ^ ^ ^'^ ''"' '''■'^'''"' y^ ""^ kam-yat 
 
 ^t henng 
 
 well meaning man 
 
 38 It is long since I have seen 
 
 1 jm in the province 
 
 39 He is here because it is a 
 
 Poussa's birth day 
 
 40 I suppose he will go to the 
 
 temple to burn incense 
 
 LESSON LIX. 
 
 With respect to 
 
 mn 
 
 lun' k'ap* 
 
 And 
 
 ^ 
 
 Regarding 
 
 ^m 
 
 c/u' »* 
 
 Do. (with) 
 
 M 
 
 Naturally 
 
 ^B 
 
 t,:z'-in 
 
 Without 
 
 ^fT 
 
 Yet, still 
 
 inm 
 
 ying in* 
 
 Also 
 
 X 
 
 As if 
 
 mm 
 
 ho -ts'z' . 
 
 As 
 
 ^ 
 
 Together with 
 
 m 
 
 hn. 
 
 
 
 ling' 
 
 * These are not strictly speaking colloquial phrases but are frequently used by well 
 educated Chinese. 
 
LESSON MX (continued.) 
 
 187 
 
 Dislocation 
 
 Hiccough 
 
 Inflammation 
 
 Dumbness 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 Diarrhoea 
 
 Eruption 
 
 Fainting 
 
 Abscess (boil) 
 
 A " chop " - 
 Gunpowder tea 
 Imperial tea 
 Caper - 
 Black - 
 Suohong 
 Pekoe 
 Green 
 Hyson - 
 
 
 n3Sn 
 
 3^5t 
 
 Teas ^ ch'a. 
 
 ■ - k^m 
 
 ■ m^^ 
 
 ■ - %m^ 
 
 ■ m^ 
 
 COMMOlN ^'ISEASES, &C. 
 iii ts'oh'' hav^- . Contusion 
 
 ta -sze-yih 
 chung -it 
 a -hau 
 
 t'o -oh 
 pan-ch^&ji 
 shat-yfan 
 ch'ong 
 
 Blindness 
 
 Deafness 
 
 Cough 
 
 Fracture 
 
 Asthma 
 
 Cholera 
 
 Corns 
 
 Fever 
 
 Ague 
 
 What is the matter (sickness) with you ? y^ '^ -h ^^ ^R [jH 
 
 It is necessary to operate 
 Have you pain 1 - 
 
 European (E^^B 
 
 He has a broken fore-arm 
 I cannot cure you 
 How long have you been ill ? 
 He has sprained his ancle 
 I am ind 
 
 
 Style 
 
 A 
 
 Au-lo-pa- 
 
 yan 
 
 man-li' 
 
 Story (tale) 
 
 D«. 
 
 Do. 
 
 ho\ t3z*-ho* 
 
 chi-chU-cb'a 
 
 iin-c/iM-ch'a 
 
 c//u-lan-ch'a 
 
 hak-cii'si 
 
 siu -chung 
 
 pak-ho 
 
 luk-ch'a 
 
 ching''-oh*Si 
 
 W BR mang-ngan 
 -^ ^ i'-lung 
 
 ;^ *^ chit-kwat 
 
 [J^ ajp sVi-chmg'^ 
 
 ^9 HR. ias'-ngan' 
 
 ^ }i^ /aMang' 
 
 k'ii cfoi shau-chaii chit Mu loh 
 ngo' 'm nang i tdh m lok 
 ni peng^ hiu id noi* jij ? 
 k'ii nail, cheuk feuJ-ngan'-toai 
 ngo ldin> 'm tsz'-tsoi' foj 
 ni yau m&t-ja peng ni ? 
 shi-^!« «V to ?oi 
 ni' t'ung'' 'mo? 
 
 -^ hd 
 
 Jj T? hu-tsai 
 
lw% 
 
 LESSON IJ\ (cONrOIUED.) 
 
 Spider 
 Do. web 
 Cabin 
 Sun 
 
 The sun is 
 yery hot 
 To put in a mast 
 Mammast 
 Foremast 
 Mizeiimast 
 Sycee silver 
 To quan-y stone 
 Stone 
 
 ^ g® k'Sm-lo 
 
 ^^ i^ ^ k'am-Io-mons' 
 
 g ^ yat-t'au 
 
 EI Bh J^ft yat-t'au hupa' 
 
 ■km 
 mm 
 Mm 
 
 lis 
 
 :5 
 
 shii wai 
 tai wai 
 t'au-wai 
 mi' -wai 
 man-ngan 
 tsok shek 
 ahek 
 
 Shop 
 
 m^'jM 
 
 p'o-t'sM, tint 
 
 Sunshine 
 
 B^m 
 
 yat-t'au cA'S' 
 
 Paidder 
 
 mm 
 
 shiin-tai' 
 
 Hold 
 
 mm 
 
 shun-(s'on^ 
 
 Storm 
 
 k^ 
 
 tai'/™.? 
 
 &o 
 
 mm 
 
 fung-^v^ 
 
 Stars 
 
 ^M 
 
 tHn sing 
 
 S^-^nlioard 
 
 imm 
 
 cftzw-p'ai 
 
 Supper 
 
 mm 
 
 man' fe'an 
 
 Tariff 
 
 m It:] 
 
 shwC-tsah 
 
 Tax 
 
 ^ii'\m 
 
 ts'in-leung 
 
 Do. 
 
 mm 
 
 sAaJ^-ngan 
 
 1 Did he speak to you regarding 'l^^^'J j/J>^ JCtH'^ll^ '"'" ^^^^ '"^ °^ ^°°§ '''"? '''" ^® 
 
 his asthma? ^^ ,^'f H^ hi-kanmoa? 
 
 2 He put a fore, mam, and mi- 'f^^ — 'IXS^T^li Kl^'a '''" ^^^ ^^^ "^'^^ fau-wai, chung- 
 zen mast mto the ^K/^ J;.-. /i>^ wai, kung mi-wai lok 
 
 chelc sl-u.i lai 
 
 ship 7Upi'%V 
 
 3 The merchant sent one chop 'jQ ^ k^ ' SL ^ ^° ^lioung-yan ki yat ho bak- 
 
 of black and one chop ^ it ■ ^^ ch'a kung yat ho luk- 
 
 of green teas ^1<^P^ ch'a lai 
 
 4 Were they both put in the hold f^!liijip}|'f!l| tjl^f^^W/A. ^'""'^ ''^°""" ^° '° "^^i "=''^' y^P 
 
 of the vessel? MjMfMSSB=r shiin-ts'oag U-t'au me? 
 
 5 The tea shops it CanlOL, have J^ J^^ |l|5[ ^ ^ ^ ^J[ Shaug-shiug ke ch'a-hong yau 
 
 red and gold sign- "m .i'^j^W^Pg^ hung-ahik kung kam-shik 
 
 boards i^jjK ke chiu-p'ai 
 
 6 How long has your father had ^ PtJ^^C ^^'L'^Pjit''^ 0^ "^ '^® fu-ts'an yau kom ke k'at- 
 
 that cough? ^^^stffljtvb saukinoini? 
 
 7 He has had it ever since he 'fp ^ ^f^H '^ ^ ^^5£ 3$ ^'^ tsz-ts'ung yau fat-it ching shi 
 
 had the fever flv^'i^l'-^ tsau yau lok 
 
 8 Do the Chinese use spider's ^ k'^ J^' '^^j^^^f^ T'cng-yan yau yung k'am-lo-mong 
 
 web as a medicine ? ^M"'ff'^ ^^ yenk-ts'oi mo ni? 
 
tEssoN Lix (continued.) 189 
 
 9 The stone struck the woman IlfBf^^^^'O'^ J^ ^° kau-shek ta ts'Sn ko nii-yan 
 and gave her a contusion TT^Sr^^f^ ta u-sheung hiu 
 
 10 The chUd feU down by the i0|!|fl|^f^Pt^'(0 ^/ij^ 1^° sai-man-tsai hai ko kan lai- 
 
 Chapel and hroke ^P'^I^^V;-^ pai-t'ong ch'u tit chit 
 
 its arm ^S.^m chek shau 
 
 11 Do you think it will be ueces- j^ ^ ^ ^ij p^' [ffi ui ku in kot 'm ni ? 
 
 sary to .operate ? 
 21 I do not think so: I think ^B^P^II^- ^fi^'^ °S° ''"' '™ ^''^'5 "S° '^" ^^' 
 it is only a dislo- M^ «S- jw *B* tit ts'oh kau-kwat 
 
 cation 02" che 
 
 13 Deaf and dumb people abound ^S A B3h /^f+I ^ 'R 'fif luug-yan a-yan Chung-kwok yau 
 
 (are many) in China ;^ ho to 
 
 14 The sun is very hot in the rRJ '^i^Jt 13 IM I :^ i-kam kai-sheung yat-t'au shap- 
 
 streets just now Jjit fan hung 
 
 15 The moon and stars were jj'^ ^|^ f^ MilJl^ f^y^ tsok-ye t'ai tak km ko-ko ut kmig 
 
 visible last night ■^\HM ^ *' ^'"8 
 
 16 WhUe he was telling a story lie "[g ^ -j^ "^ [f||] [^^ tj^ k'ii kong kan ku ko chan-shi, 
 
 was seized with a faiat- Mil, ^p" zW ^S tsau shat-wan hi 
 
 ing fit f^ lai 
 
 17 Children suffer from eruptions ^B^ ^^/fv^tff Ph'^ t'in-shi-it sai-man-tsai ui shang 
 
 in the summer VP^^^ pau-ch'an 
 
 18 Do Chinese ever get corns on Ig^ A fflj] _L^H -^^^i^B^ T'ong-yan keuk shenng yau shang 
 
 the feet ? "^X |l/3 kai-ngan mo ni ? 
 
 19 No ; because their shoes are /fl , ^ j^lRoJJS >\'^^ ™''' y"""'"'"' k'ii-ti shoh cheuk ke 
 
 not of the same sort as those ''l^E ^E P^ ifll 1^^ ^tf hai 'm t'ung Au-lo-pa 
 
 of Europeans 2, ^''1^ yan ke 
 
 20 Hiccough is very uncomfor- 5T/P>P'P"f^~r'^^Prt eI ^^'^''■^'1^ 1"*' shap-faa 'm tsz-in 
 
 table, although not ^''^'SM^Po ke, sui-in 'm hai 
 
 serious "fei ^r e3 kau-kwan 
 
 21 Dysentery is certainly worse 3^^§) H Pfft'^^^w bMaEL "'^ tsz-in hai kau-kwan kwo t'o- 
 
 than diarrhoea Hj; 5^I!^'J ° '* 
 
 22 Cholera is a more dangerous ^3^'fe»ji^Arai^'^P^ shi-ching hai him kwo kok ycung 
 
 disease than any other ^B.^^ ^* ching-hau 
 
190 LESSON LIX (continued.) 
 
 23 Boils are very common amongst ^p jM /v jtf "W't^ TS ngoi-kwok yan ho kwan s'h'mg 
 
 foreigners P^ ch'ong ke 
 
 2i How did yon manage to sprain f/^^P T^-ffi'f^ W f3\''^ "' *™ yeung nau-tak clieak ni ke 
 
 your ankle ? ^[l |^ |j||^ keuk-ngan ni ? 
 
 25 The Doctor says he cannot 3^'^^'R r|n iBPa^s "f^ i-shang yau wa k'ii 'm i tak ni 
 
 cure you "fS^Pn" ^°^ 
 
 26 1 will come, together with ^&^S[rK'^-^.n^^^^^ ngo tang-ha shik iin man t'an tsau 
 
 my brother, after lRi^6''^^^.Sra t'ung ngo-ke hing- 
 
 snpper A*^ tai loi 
 
 27 The storm last week was very '^nT iMJlis^P iH'^SLfilB ^"^ ^° lai-pai ko ch'etmg fung-kii 
 
 heavy (great) Jtr"^ ''° *^' 
 
 28 It was not nearly so had as TJC-^'^^'lBl [ft "^tfH^^ mi-yau-loi ts'z tsok-ye ko ch'eung 
 
 that of last night Pp^^f)n kom pai ohi 
 
 29 Do those books contain tales ? BlPjtlH'.l ^& 'S S^ "5 T? ko-ti shii yan tsoi kn-tsai ke 
 
 ^W^ me? 
 
 30 No, their style is too good for pS'fe^, RIpJ Dh-J ^H ^I Itf '™ '^^'' ^°~^^ man-li ho kwo ku- 
 
 story hooks \S ^ 'M-Pffif S£ tsai ke shii 
 
 31 Do they quarry those stones '[^iit^P|,^,^J^^'|0B^«| k'u-ti hai Heung-kong tsok ko-ti 
 
 in Hong-kong ? •S'^I^ER^ ^''^^ ^^ ™^ ' 
 
 32 They quarry them here but ^g ^ P^ R/S )^ ^' ^ '''""*' ^'^ ni-"'''" tsok, tan hai 
 
 they polish them in Pfe^*i^-fT(fft^ Heung-kong ta sai 
 
 Hongkong \!& lok 
 
 33 Do not let the cMldren go in t^/KlHlHtlH^^.ffljfiX f? ^- "'^' P^ ko-ti sai-mau-tsai tsau hii 
 
 the sunshme "i" 9 SMI^^ yat-t'au ch'ii 
 
 34 Have you sycee silver as well fm'SSX^Br^ ^^^^ "" ^^^ man-ngan kuug ngan-ts'in 
 
 as dollars ? 'TJB'u '"° ™ ' 
 
 35 They use broken silver as if ^ ^ D^ ^ j^ ^ ^ Shaug-shing ke yan yuug sui- 
 
 it was money in x|J iPj ^B ^g ngan ho-ts'z ngan-ts'in 
 
 Canton ''^^ y^' y^^^g 
 
 36 That is because they have no '(Qlli^'j^ >^tSlliffi^ ^°'*^ ^^ yan-wai k'ii-ti mo ngan- 
 
 silver dollars ^B^SBfl' *^'™ '^^^ 
 
 37 The tariff on goods is fixed "W iRJ^PJJ ^ij ^> "l^r foh-mat shui-tsak hai shap-tan 
 
 very high ^ ko 
 
LESSONS LIX AND I.X. 
 
 191 
 
 38 They pay all the taxes there fRl^PMll^j^Mll!^^ k'ii-ti h^i Ico-ch'u nap shui to luii 
 in syoee f^j^fi^^^ ^""8 mati-ngan 
 
 89 Do the shops have to pay '^SJSM'^^^P^'fefSl'iJE p'o-t'^n hai iu nap ho ch'uug ke 
 heavy taxes? ^SP^fM shui'mni? 
 
 40 They pay taxes but they are 'fKBtTO^^j^jSllft, -fBpS k'h-ti hi nap shui, tan 'm hai 
 not very heavy ■f:^ ~l 'TP W" shap-faii ch'ung 
 
 LESSOx^ LX, 
 
 Either — or 
 
 Do. 
 Thau 
 Then 
 
 Neither — nor 
 Not— but 
 
 No sooner 
 
 -M 
 
 yat hiiC 
 
 Unless 
 
 ^r> 
 
 yeuk-pa< 
 
 Wheu 
 
 -^ 
 
 tong 
 
 Even 
 
 m 
 
 Un 
 
 Only 
 
 m 
 
 ehi 
 
 'Ml' )M. ^ ^'""''' *«""""» 
 
 Jifi—'J^ pat, pat 
 
 '/fi—'Pj P<^t, i>ai' 
 
 [Nearly all of the foregoing are more classical than colloquial but they are 
 generally understood and used by all natives with any pretensions to education.] 
 
 Common Diseases &c. (continued.) 
 
 cA'e'-shi'-ngan' Small pox rH 
 
 nQV'-sheung Wounds 3H 
 
 Sqointmg 
 
 Consumption 
 
 Ehenmatism 
 
 Sea-sickness 
 
 Stammering 
 
 Lameness 
 
 Vomiting 
 
 Insanity 
 
 mm 
 
 HIeS MX 
 
 fung-shap Leprosy J^ g 
 
 wan-long^ Measles HJ fflt 
 
 na'-nga Palsy |g^ |^ 
 
 pai-heuh Itch fr ' to3 
 
 aB-«V Ulcer jj^ 
 
 ^ MS fat-tin 
 
 Silk, Eaw and Mandpactdhed. 
 
 Velvet - ^ J^§ ^ i'in-ngo-yung 
 
 Refuse - - §[, ^* 55 liin «e-t'aa 
 
 cA'm( tau* 
 sun 
 msL-Jung 
 ch^ut ma 
 fung-t^an 
 shdng lai" 
 yung 
 
192 
 
 LESSON LX (continued/ 
 
 Canton raw silk 
 
 
 to -sse 
 
 Cocoons 
 
 m ik 
 
 ts'eaa-ian,' 
 
 Thread - 
 
 m u 
 
 sze-siih 
 
 Satin 
 
 mm 
 
 sze-tWL 
 
 Crape 
 
 m^ 
 
 tsau'-sha 
 
 'iauzc 
 
 # 
 
 sha 
 
 Floss 
 
 m 
 
 ying 
 
 The terms used by silk merchants to express the different qualities of silk are 
 mostly pure Chinese — such as tsat-li, tai-sam &c. 
 
 Of what is tliis made? ^M'^^i^ ■\l^W^^^M> '"'"'' ^^'^' »»*'-ye' t'o '!«' »"' 
 
 I have heard some-one say so S^ S^^^H IIMhJ "S"' t'eng-mati yan' kom wa' 
 
 Give an answer to what I say [Sj .>&I ,Jp =&■ S^ 
 
 I can't bear it any longer ^ pS. |tf. ^ /t^ 
 
 To please myself I would not go ^ '1^ f^ pE. ^ 
 
 I don't quite unaorstantl it ^ pS- [^ |M Kijjfe 
 
 What means are there of doing it? ^^ Jj 'fi^ -?• jjR 
 
 1 can't reach up to it - 
 He's not a foolish person - 
 
 m-taj} ngo shut-T^a.^ 
 ngo' 'm tai'-«'ii-chii* 
 ngo ts'ing-iin^ 'm hii"* 
 ngo 'm Jiii'j tdh saC^ 
 yau mat fdt-isz ni? 
 ngo 'm tdh to" 
 k'ii' 'm hai^ ngoi-yan 
 
 Weather cock 
 Thunder 
 Villain 
 Woollen cloth 
 
 Do. 
 Value (fixed price) 
 To get mouldy 
 
 Do. 
 Weight (gross) 
 Do. (nett) 
 To get damp 
 Wax 
 
 Yellow wax 
 ■White wax 
 
 a' 
 
 
 
 funff-suii^-k'i The world (i.e. Tg^ ^ 
 
 P^^ lui, luJ-i"«f/ everywhere) 
 
 Jcaii-lcat' -yan Jlarket tovm 
 
 ni Victuals 
 
 siii'-ni-yung Victory 
 
 shat-ia^ Do. 
 
 Witness 
 Village 
 Valley 
 
 Q 
 
 skaiig mm 
 fat mo 
 mo ch'ung' 
 tsing* cli'ung' 
 yttji-ch^iu 
 lap 
 
 wong-Iap 
 pak-lap 
 
 tiEA 
 
 
 Ware 
 Do. 
 
 ■VVave 
 WeU (a) 
 
 
 chin' -shin g^ 
 
 ching'-ystn. 
 
 ts^uii-heung 
 shau-Jcuh 
 hung -t&^m 
 
 hC 
 
 hoi -long^ 
 
 UenQ 
 
1 tic must eibhef do M lie is t^^fJPv'f@wi^l!^'^'''o '''" '" "^^'''" ^''' ^^'' ^'""^ '^"' '"* 
 
 told or go away 'j^ Ij^L^R^'J ^'''' ''^" ''^''^ ^^ 
 
 2 People in Hongkong suffor ^ i'-^"!^ A. §5i^^ Hemig-kong ke yan to wan 
 
 from rheumatism V^j fung-shap 
 
 3 He cannot be cured unless he t|5p§-^^^^|l|f [!^,^^ k'ii 'm ho tak ke lok, ch'u fi hu 
 
 goes to a doctor '^^'^J^wBS' i-shiing ch'ii i die 
 
 ■4 Insanity is worse than con- ^s IM ^F ^1 Jj^ p3 fat-tin kau kwan kwo noi- 
 
 sumption '^ shcung 
 
 5 The leper was suffering from '(j3f^^§[f^^,^^-!^ ^° ^^^-^^^B-^° y»" wan fung-t'an 
 
 palsy ^^ P«ng ''™ 
 
 6 He finally left the town and fH^^M^Sl ill i® '"'^ shau-mi li hu-shi hii heuug- 
 
 went to the village }Itif ts'iin 
 
 7 Did you hear it thunder on ^^"^j^ W^ M fj ^^^~^^' ^^'^ ^^ ^^^ t'eng-man hang 
 
 Wednesday? ^'TTR'E luimoni? 
 
 8 No, 1 only saw it rain; 1 was ^i^JfiK^'^^^B^,^ mo, ngo chi kin lok u ohej ngo 
 
 at home then ISj^ B^ Pi^ Mf^M ^^ ohan-shi hai uk-li 
 
 9 Those goods have got damp and ^B^-^'^^^l^, jS^Jtjj[ ko-ti foh shap hiu, shoh-i ch'ung 
 
 their weight has hioreased m flOg ti 
 
 10 The weather has been bad and ^g^jjg^, '(S(l6^|^ t'in-shi 'm ho, ko-ti yung fat 
 
 the woollen cloth lias i^ Sfc. njo 
 
 got mouldy 
 
 11 No sooner had he commenced to "^ — ^BsBs"; 5yC^B5^S '''" y^' '^°"S *'''®' '^^^ P^"S ^ 
 
 speak, than he became ill f^^^^ff '^' '°'' 
 
 12 It was not the weather but Pa^l^CH^' l^'N'T* "^ kwan t'm-shi, hai mo tsz-sai 
 
 want of care JlifflBS *'''*' 
 
 18 What is the value of that l^flfi^iMffi^^^^^ ''°"" '"^ '^'^''^ *^^^ '" '" '^'™ 
 
 wax ? n|B ni ? 
 
 li It costs a dollar a catty. That ^S- — ' iS^R^^ — ' JT"''!^ ™ ^^^ ^° ngan-ts'in yat kan, hM 
 
 is very dear "T^j "H^^'st shap-fan kwai ke 
 
 15 What is the use of a weather .^.'fQjSfi'^^lRlf'fj ^^,^3 fmig-sun-k'i hai tso mat-ye yung 
 
 vane? ''^(M ke ni? 
 
 16 It is used to show the direc- ^[[^^yBlf^l (h1 -jfif ]W y"ig '"■' '^'^'^ '""§ 'icung pin- 
 
 tion of the wind P(^ pin ke 
 
194 LESSON LX (cONTINCEt'.; 
 
 17 The soldiers won the victory mplHpg^^'^S, '(E Jt? '"'"'' P'"S '^ shing, tan ho to shan 
 
 but many received wounds ^^^^'^n sheung 
 
 18 Did the witness appear before ilSIplEyV '^^MS^^l^^ ko ching-yan yaa to t'oDg kin 
 
 the mandarin ? "^f (j/B kun mo ni ? 
 
 19 That box is neither pretty \^ |g] j;||P§|[J{lfj_5^'^ '"''1'° ^'^™S 'm ho t'ai yau mo 
 
 nor useful FH''^ ^""^ ^^ 
 
 20 \Yiieu you went to t!io village {',]' ^ 'f'?l(!^>M''^^'fEI °' ^'*' ^° *''° '''"" ^^^ '^'° ''° 
 
 did you see tl e villain? %^'''''' /V'TjR'E kan-kau yaa mo ni ? 
 
 21 No sooner had I seen him 56""*,^ I B' iH.WC^' ''S" y' '^™ ^'^' ^'" ''™'^ '*^'* 
 
 than he ran away fl^ lok 
 
 22 Is that iron or wood ware? jE.'-,^ i"^^S-fiff SC ?K '^°'*' ^^^ t'it-hi wak muk-hi 
 
 jik -^ 
 
 23 It is difficult to cure people of i2.J}|'?f|^^-M^^''^ ch'e-shi-ngan ho nan i ks 
 
 squinting 
 
 24 Do you often meet Chinese fyJ^'ffi'Tra'^m'yvMlf^^ "^^ sheung ti kin T'ong-yan na- 
 
 who stammer? 'Ttll/B ngamoni? 
 
 25 No, but I have often seen na- Tft , "YH 'n» ^fe "m ^^2lC ™°i '^^^ ^'^i °g° sheung kin 
 
 tives who have had the tojl K/^ \t\ ^3 pun-ti yan yau oh'ut 
 
 small pox Q^ tau che 
 
 26 Please tell me the weight of ^JJ^^^^fffltJ^fl'^ to-tiLn wa ngo chi ko-ti shang-sze 
 
 that raw silk ^^^S'^ftR/S ^' ch'ung ni? 
 
 27 We don't weigh it here; I ^l]^^/^)^?^^''^ i ngo-ti ni-ch'u 'm ch'ing ke; 'm 
 
 cannot tell yon Prt'oS''!^'^^ wa tak ni chi 
 
 28 What wages do those men ^fl^'«J^ "tHy^ ^^ ^°"*' ^^ ^^^ ^° ^^ ^^^^ ^ '** 
 
 receive per month ? ^^ZC^^I?J& kung-ts'in ni ? 
 
 29 They get six dollars apiece -^t .^ '^f !A>'0^ft ™"' y" ■*''^'' "™ ^"'^ ■''° "6^1- 
 
 a year -^^ ts'in 
 
 SO There were not victuals enough Pffijll^ !/C'^Pa''^P^^ '^°"*' ^°^"^^^'' '™ ''^'^ '^°°^ '" 
 for so luany soldiers _&EH ping ymig 
 
 31 I want to buy six yards of ^fejffi. @ "A^'^iW^ff ^K ^^ '"^ ™^^ '"^ °^^ Ti-oiiy-tiiii 
 
 yellow satin 
 
 32 Yellow satin is only used by ^'^ ^.'^lEffl^f^'"'^ ^°^ wong-tai ching yuns 
 
 the Emperor D^ wong-tun che 
 
LESSON LX (V.OMINUED.) 195 
 
 33 1 am anxious to buy so'.ne 3E'|''43r Fp W" HBbm^^ °B" sliap-fan chung-i mai tl lam- 
 
 blue silk gauze *3) aha 
 
 34 What is the difference between ^^if^^ W-Hi^^lj *" ''""S t3'i"-*a /»" 'nat fan- 
 
 gauze and crape ? U/D pit ni ? 
 
 35 One is much thiclier and strong- — — 4^ /^"Sr ^^ -t Im jJM. y^' yu"g li'"' '^^ kap chii-kn 
 
 er than the other IIIeI'I^ '^^^ '^^ y^^^S 
 
 36 The nett weight of that Hoss '(@4|^>]^^?^£f^'^ ''°-'' »ze-yung '»'Bg ch'ung hai 
 
 silk is but trifling •^hI^MB^ chang yau hau che 
 
 37 What means have you of ffi^^^-h^S" ^^^^iUfH ni yau mat-ye fong-fat ch'iwg 
 
 weighing it pR k'ii ni? 
 
 38 We use scales and weights ^B^fe )^3'3i4^§]B]'^P^ ngo-ti yung ch'iug, kung t'ung tso 
 
 made of copper EB| -P* ke ma-tsz 
 
 39 I can't bear this illness any ^pS'ift^^'f^RM''^^ "S" '™ "^i '&'' ''^^ ^"^ ^^ F*^"S 
 
 longer ^^^Pfl" ''™ '"'' 
 
 iO There are a great many ill- -j^ ^ "^ -fff ^ ^ 3^ shai-kan yau ho to peng- ching 
 
 nesses to be met with 'fiffi^^^^'lJE P'ung cheuk ke 
 in the world 
 
 f 1 jV 1 &) , 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 VOCABULARY OF WORDS USED IN THE 
 FOREGOING LESSONS. 
 
 A, an, (one) (— * yat^ used in conjunction with 
 the classifier) the most common being ■iffl 
 foA\ as —^ Ira n. yai koh^ yan, " one 
 man " or "a man," — 'f^ TO yat t'iu 
 u, "a fish." 
 
 Aliaous, or counting frame, 'WT S^ siiji^-p'un. 
 
 Abcess, (boU), J& ch^ong. 
 
 Ability, TT" g^ ts'oi-nang. 
 
 ^ble, ^ m, g^ nang, P^ ui'. 
 
 About, (round-) IS yBJ chau-yiax, all about 
 |7t[[!Jv sae' ha\ (nearly) J^ yerf, ^ 
 jfittl tai^-i/eui, (about to) tjS- jK" tseung- 
 kan' (k'au'), (concerning) 3« J^ lun^- 
 k'ap. 
 
 Above, J2. sheung\ -pbl^isl '^°'' sheung^ 
 ko. 
 
 Abroad, ^J» ngoi', "^C ^K j^ tsoi' ngof- 
 hwok. 
 
 Abscond, j^ .^ t'o Tiii.\ ^ ^ fcati' lo\ 
 
 Absent, pE- i?g 'm tsoi\ 
 
 Abundant, ^M. ]^ fwig-bm'' . 
 
 Accept, d5[ ^n «iaa-nap. 
 
 Accidentally, '|p| p}^ i^gau'-in, ^^ ^[> t'- 
 
 ngoi". 
 Accompany, J^ >t5 t'ung-mai, jf^ p'ui, jj^ 
 
 According to, ||^^ -j^ c/iiV-/. 
 
 Accordingly, mp ffJT iom -tss.u' . 
 
 Account, (money) hh fnre, jjS BSa' t'iu sho'i. 
 
 Acre, (Chinese) mT^^ mau (GJi=lEng.) 
 
 Across, JS wang, im kwoh^. 
 
 Act, -^ tso\ ^ hang. 
 
 Add, jfjP to, ^ t'im, g+ /[■ai'.. 
 
 Addicted to, ^Ha ^— • cAwn ^/rt^ 
 
 Advantageous, ^ yeng, ^ y«T.. 
 
 Affable, 'n+- T»H tul Ao' aeung-u . 
 
 Affair, ^S. jSip sze'-kon". 
 
 Afford, |jj 1^ cA'm< tdk, ^ ^^ kang-h'ap. 
 
 Afraid, ^ '['A hung-p'a\ 
 
 Aftei-, ^R Mk, 'i^ han\ 
 
 Afternoon, N ^P" ha"-'ng', \\ ^B ha^-cSct«\ 
 
 Afterwards, Jj/c ^;© in-hau\ ^S TjJ tseung-\o\. 
 
 Again, ^: /a?i, 3ff tsoi\ ^^ B5. yan' feoj'. 
 
 Against, ^^ yik or ngak. 
 
AGE 
 
 (2) 
 
 ASS 
 
 Age, ^^^ nin-la, (what is your?) j^^ And, ^ k'ap, ^ kung\ flji ii' , ^ yau\ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ]inef\ 
 
 ni' yau /* ^o7i sm^, "S 
 ^& (J/D Iwai-kang id? 
 Agree, ^-^^ fa, •'^ ^jgT liop-sAzVc, (suit) ^ 
 
 Agreeable, U^ ngam. 
 
 Air, (atmosphere) tF ^5 tHn-hi^. 
 
 Alarm, ^e Jj^j^ Hng-fong. 
 
 '^"' ft 41 >""s'-'"'«.9'> B^t *"'■> PJ^ # ■*"'^™'^' ^ "'^' IeI a" "'"*'■""■ <*°' 1^ 1 
 
 fl'^ ham^-pang^-lang\ y\\-fuk. 
 
 Almanac, iS ^E t^%ni(j-xhn. 
 Almost, f£^ Jf» ^, ch'a-pat-toh. 
 Alms, (to give) J^ :j^ s/u-s*e', ^ || p'an- Any way, ^ ^ . 
 
 Animals, /t ^a sAo«£;-ling, ^^ C^ ch'u 
 
 shang. 
 Ankle, jwlj ^^ *H* fcui-ngan'-toai. 
 Annamese, ^^ IS y^ (9«-nani-yan. 
 Annoyed, (to be) ^ ^ no' A/. 
 
 Ant, iJ^E ngai . 
 Anytliing, K* ye'. 
 
 k'ung. 
 Aloud, ^r ^t tai' ^ 
 Already, W^ ^^ i-hing. 
 Also, ^^ yau\ 
 Altar, Jljtt) tei slian-t'an. 
 Alter, B^ hoi . 
 Alternately (in succession) ffiffi jffif lun-lau. 
 
 Anywhere, iS [^ pbt-ch'ii^ or pin sjiii. 
 
 Apothecary, ^^{v^Mt^ yeuk-ts'oi-;)'o'-to'. 
 
 Apron, l^l ^fi Tvai-kw'an. 
 
 Are, "fei hai\ 
 
 Arm, (fore) ^p Btj shau -rhnn , (whole) ^g 
 
 Y^ hin-pong' . 
 Arms, ^H_ 
 Arrange, g 
 
 
 Although, gp Jf/^ s«i--in. 
 
 Altogether, ^^it (sv^jj'-kung^ P^'!^'^ Arrest, :|g chuh, ^j^ na-chii' 
 
 ham'-pang'-lang', • t-^ t/ai p' i u' . AiTive, ^]\ to\ 
 
 Always, Jg []i shi-shi. 
 
 Am, (I)^-]^. ngo'hni\ 
 
 America, §§ ^ 7^!J jjfl .I'-mi'-li'-^,. 
 
 American, JL Jj^ h. Fn-k'i-yan. 
 
 Amiable, ^j i^ io// o'C 
 
 An'ow, 'hiT '■''"'\ to shoot an arrow, fln* ^S^ 
 
 sllr'^/s/'/,'. 
 
 Ascend, -^p sheung', _L.'3l' sheung'-/(«.\ 
 Ashamed, JP^ ffiS Hn^-ch'au . 
 
 Among, amidst, PP rhmg, PD ^n chvng- Aside, J-\' • ^Sf tsoi' yat pio^ (step aside) 
 
 Anchor, (to) pftfl ^ffi p'aa nau. 
 Anchorage, ±|^ ^ fau'-t'an, |l^ ||gf ijt 
 )-f p^nu shiin i^-fong. 
 
 Ask, M man\ 
 
 Aspirate, p^ ^o p'dn''-hi\ 
 
 Assault, ]K? fe«i^. 
 
ASS 
 
 (o) 
 
 BET 
 
 Assist, J^ ^ fn-la . 
 
 At, :^ tsoi\ 
 
 Asthma, 4p» ^g- h'C-hm. 
 
 Attain, 4M: ^1 <ai-(o\ 
 
 Attentive, FM jl^ yung' -««»;. 
 
 Auction, ;te t'au, 'TIS Jift* ye'-lang'. 
 
 Awl, ^ffi c7j!(i. 
 
 Awning, ^^ J^ t'in-clie. 
 
 Axe, ^ gS /ii'-t'au. 
 
 B 
 
 Baloy, ^^ ^?^ lioi-i. 
 
 Bachelor, ^j^ ^B KB mi* ts'it (s'dn. 
 
 Backwards, ^5* -^& jW i)'"* hau' pin\ 
 
 Bad, P§-^ 'm W, (language) j);^ p Ian* 
 
 Bag, i"'' 
 
 toi\ 
 
 Baggage, ^^hang-li'. 
 Bake, i^ AoV, ^ kuk, ^ ^ kuk-shuk. 
 Ball, (a) ^b k'au, (cannon) UBB -^ tan*-te', 
 
 (to play at ball) #J" ^g to' k'au. 
 Bamboo, 'TT chuk. 
 Banana, -^^ cAi?/.. 
 Bankruptcy, p^ fl§ ^"^ k'ung. 
 Bar, (to) Be] ^J 4»)aB-oliii\ 
 Barber, m)l gS '(^ i'a^-t'au-fo'. 
 Ban-acks, _& JS ^m^-fong. 
 Barrel, ^^ ^ :|i^ p'i-p'a-«'M)t(;r'- 
 Barrier, V^ r^ ^ai-chap, 
 Basiu, ^K p'un, (washing basin) ffij 9s nniu'- 
 
 p'un. 
 
 Basket, '^s lam. 
 
 Bathe, y^P S^ sai-shdn. 
 
 Bathroom, j^-^ S* ^S soi'-sAff/.-fong. 
 
 Bathtub, y*^ ^S' /jiffl siii-shdii-t'unc/. 
 
 Battle, (a) ^jT 'iy^ (ft'-clieung\ 
 
 Bear, m" 'ft toi'-chu*. 
 
 Beat, JT* ta'. 
 
 Beautiful, Slg^wa-rai!. 
 
 Because, |^| 'j^ ?/ff»!,-wai\ 
 
 Beche-de-mer, ¥© :^Ss hoi -sham. 
 
 Bed, ^ ch'oug, (to make a) ^ ^ p'o 
 
 ch'ong. 
 Bedpost, #K Tft cli'ong-ch'ii'. 
 
 Bed-chamber, Rrl I ^ffi: fdn'-fong. 
 
 Beef, ^p- 1^ ngau-yuk. 
 
 Beef-steak, ^^iQ^i. |^ i'iV-p'a-ngau-yuk. 
 
 Beer, pH vpj pe-tsau . 
 
 Before, || ts'in, ^^^ gf «V.-shi, -^ g 
 
 sitt-yat. 
 Beggar, ■^ ^ Jmt-i. 
 
 Begin, |la -3^ hoi-shou J ^^ p| ]u -shau , 
 Behind, J^ jffi hau*-pin\ 
 Believe, IjiJ sW. 
 Bell, ^M chung^ hand bell -^p* i^m shou- 
 
 chung. 
 Below, J\- V\ f^ tsoi* ha* <«/, K {5 ha* 
 
 pin*. 
 Bench, -^i ts ch'eung-Mre/. 
 Beneath, ly- "k tsoi* ha*, "T» fpT^ ha* tai . 
 Besides, -jK ^K ling*-ngoi*, |^_^ i-c'he . 
 Best, -^ Tjf cAj* Ao' . 
 Betunes, SL [ji teo'-shi. 
 Better, J^ W kdng'-ho . 
 
BEY 
 
 (i) 
 
 BUT 
 
 Beyond, (to go) '^ i:woh\ ^^ ^p hik-ngoC. 
 Bill, (papiT) ^ J|^/o'''-'"'"- 
 Bind, (pasting covers on) TT^^ n? '" s^"-!'''- 
 Bird, ;*g ^& teei;^:-niu', bird-rage -& Ws^ 
 
 (seukAwng. 
 Birtli-day, Jtil H shiiig-ya.t, (of a god) ^Q 
 
 Biscuit, ■©[ §5] pe)i/7 -/■«». 
 
 Black, 5@ m hak-shik. 
 7iT* I — j 
 
 Blacking, (shoe-) IS^ ^ yTJ*^ hai-mak-s;;u/. 
 
 Black-brush, ffifc ^g; >^ hai-mak-so\ 
 
 Black-smith, ^J ^^ f^ ta' -rH-lo' . 
 
 Blank book, ygg, po\ 
 
 Blanket, ^^ ^J cheni..g chin, -J^F ^ffi yeung- 
 
 Blindness, "S'^ft mang-ngan'. 
 Blinds, Q "fe '4S3v pak-ip-cA'ean(/. 
 Blockhead, L/wj '^fi' Ji^ sje'-/(»i(;-muk. 
 
 Blow, (strike) J*]" At', i'J' (TH ta' !/a« ha', 
 
 (out) p^ rh'ni. 
 Blue, ^^ pq lam-shik. 
 Boat, J^S t'eng', — ' ^j^ sam-pay>' . 
 Body, .B' 5/((m, 
 
 '^"'h i^P", 'jia "''''P' ^ ^ <=hap-shiik. 
 Bolster, -fe iCT^ fl5 ch'eung-cAum'-t'au. 
 
 Book, ^& s/jii, (a) 'pi) 5f ■''"' P"' '''"'• 
 
 Bookbinder, ^T ^P-. yV /(=>'(7-.sVnf-yan, (or 
 
 Book case, aS xE i/lii-k^Yai\ 
 
 Bookseller, ^ ^i| ^ yV mai^-sAu-yan, 
 
 Boot, ^|[; Ao. 
 
 Both, pj^ 'j^ leuiig' ioh\ (a pair of) •^ 
 
 Both — and, j[ — TZ yau — yau\ 
 
 Bottle, 55# *s«n. 
 
 Bowl, ijjj/g ««'. 
 
 Box, jjtg sr'»»;7. 
 
 Boy, ffl 'T? nam-/.M(', (servant-) ^! r4- 
 
 sze^ -ista . 
 Bread, S 'Q^ min'-;)a«. 
 
 Break, fj 'j;^ ^/-lan\ :^ ;/,|| cAia.,7'-lan\ 
 l/j-rf;^, (open) ^Pl ta-hoi, ^ ||^ 
 kiu^-Aoj, 
 Breakfast, S. ■&^ 'so -fan', /f\^^ siu ts'an^ 
 
 f-H ^^i tso -tA^an. 
 Brick, ?iS cftiiw. 
 Bridge, _^ ;^ to^-ki'u, 
 Bridle, ,^ ^ m^-keung. 
 Bring, 1^ — ^ ning — loi, T^^ — ^ nim 
 
 — loi. 
 Broad, ||^ f>'t. 
 Broom, ij^l^i"'-'-*'''- 
 
 Brother, (elder) yf king, ^^ ^fi ^a-hing, 
 ■^ f^ tai'-?c.', (younger) ^ tai\ ^^ 
 •f^ sai--lo\ -A ^ sAe'-tai\ 
 Brown, ;^^ "ffi tsuny-shik. 
 Brush, ^g 's'(i(, (pencil) ^» /nJ^ 
 Bull, "^t- ,A\ ngau-i-Mrey. 
 
 Biinrl) of keys, • -^a; ^S ;;Pu 2/n' <«'«« snh' - 
 
 sbi. 
 Bundle, -^ ^aa, )r\ chat; make a bundle ^| 
 
 jrW kio'dn -mai. 
 Burn, (to) ^^ s/iia. 
 Business, .S ^^ sze'-ion'. 
 But, -fS tan', n nai'. 
 Butter, ^t yjjj ngau-yau. 
 
BUT 
 
 (5) 
 
 CHE 
 
 Button, ^B- nau , button hole, ^^ >p 
 
 Buy, ^i mai'. 
 
 By and bye, ll'mi llW raan'-mati" 
 
 (J 
 
 Cabbage, Cl ^^ pak-fa'or. 
 
 Cabin, (ship's) wft,ffi j^ ahun-mi'-fong, HS 
 
 ■^E seuH^-fong. 
 Cake, ■Bit perejr'. 
 CaU, Hij- iJM\ 
 
 Cahn, (without wind) ^J ^3 md Jung. 
 Can, ^^ (ai, f^ ui', -^ ^ tso'-tdH. 
 Canal, iS ^pT wan" -ho. 
 Candle, ^ft'l^ hp-ckuk. 
 Candle-stick, ip^ JSJ ^R lap-cA(t/t-t'oi. 
 Cannon, -^ tVm tai'-^j'aw". 
 Cannot, pS- -/S 'm-^tU:. 
 Canvas, ij)^ 'fjj li'-;)o\ 
 Cap, (a) J^ijlg teft(/'-nio\ 
 Cape, (of land) '/HI'S hoi-kok. 
 Capon, ^1] sJh sin'-kai. 
 Captain, JSfr "T* shiin-cAii , 
 Card, (playing) ^ ^ cAi'-p'ai, (card table) 
 
 |KJ{$j§cA/-p'ai-t'oi. 
 Care, (to) 5^^ ^ liu'-li' ; care for ^ >^ 
 
 AoK-chu', g|^§§ t'ai-ku\ |}^^^ *«'- 
 
 ""'' ^ fi *"^-*""- 
 Careful, yj> ^^ siu-sam. 
 Carefully, ^-^^tsse-sai'. 
 Cargo, )|§ '^ shiin-ZoA, '^ ;^/«/.-raat. 
 Carpenter, yj^ [^ muk-tseung", 
 
 Carpet, WA Pi ti'-cAm. 
 
 Carriage, (a) ^m ,^ ra. /«' ma'-cA'«. 
 
 Carry, (on a pole) i^ tem, (between two) ;pg 
 
 t'oi, j^ ^ t'oi-/(!', (in the arms) \^ 
 
 •li p'o'-chU\ 
 Cash, ^@ ts'in; casli a cheque -jf^ ^^ [^. 
 
 c/a ngan-iaft. 
 Cast, ^^ cA'(t\ 
 
 Caftor stand, '^ KRSE 'ng'-™i'-*«'- 
 Cat, arS mdM or miu. 
 Catalogue, £^ BH. che,v,ng-tati. 
 Catch, tS^ chuk. 
 Catty, Ft* iiijs. 
 
 Ceiling, ^ ^ U^ ein-Jh-pan. 
 Celebrity, ^^ ^^ ming-shing. 
 Cemetery, K^ ^IS ^<lni-slieQg. 
 Censure, to b ra^j cAa/:-nau\ 
 Cent, Hjr -T* sin-sze\ 
 Certain, rp ting", a certain man ^g yv yau 
 
 yan, certain men H^ ^ wak yan. 
 Certainly, /^V ^ ptV-ting', fi ft/^ tszMn, 
 Chair, (a) ^ ;ji^ <:heutuj-i . 
 Chair cooUe, ^ ^ kiu'->, ^^% ''oi- 
 
 kiu"-fo', chair cushion ^?p :g^ tso'-yuk. 
 Change, Bv koi . 
 
 Changer, (money-) ^Hr^^ /v cAaw'-ts'in-yan, 
 Chapel, ijjffi ^ ^ lai'^ai'-t'ong. 
 Character, jH| ^-J^xire'-hang', (a letter) ^1 
 
 tsze\ 
 Charcoal, t3 ni/ king-i^an. 
 Cheap, 3* p'eng. 
 
 ^-^h^"'- 01 ^ .y.'i-^',V, :^r # IS '■■''' 
 
 yii t'au. 
 
CUE 
 
 (6i 
 
 Ofi 
 
 Cljcpse, ^ (jV flit rln-ahl-fiii, 
 Chicken, II (-f /„;-Asv„-. 
 
 Clii'W, |;j]| [l])i; ff '.■..n'-iwui-ls.ii'. 
 
 ijljildreu, -j^ -^ /s,.,'-na', (young) ^ ^ 
 
 lioi-i, 
 L'liimnov, 'Kgl j^ in-l'iiiig. 
 C'liina, Ptll^ Chiniij-kimk. 
 Chinese, (a) |g^ A T'oiig-ynu, (lMyi^ii:i^;i) Ig" 
 
 =J^ T'ong-wa\ 
 Chisel, ^E tsok, 
 Ciiolera, QS 3^ shi-c///;//; . 
 Choose, ^W J'^ ^v)i'-rlial<. 
 Chop, (a mark) ^ ^ tsze"-ho\ 
 Chop-sticks, iW^ ^fai'-/.r.c'. 
 Church, iITS -^' ^nr' /"^/.-ya/zi-t'ong. 
 
 '■'=-, g-:^ii;iiiLu- 
 
 ■ffint/ ~m. 
 
 Circle 
 
 '! PSf 
 
 lm,i. 
 
 City, -^ sli.ng^ 
 
 Class, ^|§ Iui\ 
 
 Clean, ^^ ^ /;./,-tseng\ 
 
 Cleanse, 'j^^jj^ tso" Ao/i-tsoJig'. 
 
 Clear, (comprehensiWe) /S te'i/i</; clearly, HH 
 
 j— 'I ming-pak. 
 Clearance, (port) '^^^ ^i;^ J '•'';! ^haa^-chi 
 
 * '''"'1^' !^ ^ A '■"'-ts^^ -y='»- 
 
 Clever, ^f- Wsi sAaa'-shai^. 
 
 Climate, 7]^ -j" shui'-t^n' . 
 
 Clock, ^ c/( '(»£/, (o'clock) Hfi^ j^ //,,«' cA <-/,,;. 
 
 i.'losB, (near) jfr kaii", k'aii'. 
 
 Clothes, Z^ ^^ M'lik. 
 
 Clotlies-ljrush, ;^ |^^ /-/,s'.-/, ^ |j^ ,-,,./. 
 Clollic -horse, A^ 35 i-/i-a''. 
 
 t lotlrcs-pn-,-, '^ l.lg 
 Cloud, ^r wan. 
 
 /-kwai*. 
 
 Coal, ij^tr jjTT mm-t'a.n. 
 
 (Juat, ^ 5*^ tS.V-s/i,n,i, M^ 5<^ kill' „/;,7, 
 
 Cock, && /r\ liii-kumi. 
 Cockroach, i Ef kat-tsat. 
 
 Cold, ^ i««i,', ^z;^ i,o.i-/«,»/'. 
 
 Id season, ^^ "%,)% "'"-'I" I'on- 
 
 CoL 
 
 luiitj . 
 
 Collect, .l|;^ j|S 5/;.-//-/,/. 
 
 Collectively, -^pj hop t'ung, [nji§^ 
 
 I'lUlg 
 
 mai. 
 
 ink 
 
 Colour, "ffi s/i/i, Wpj m ngan-s/i;/.-. 
 
 Couib, (a) ^^ >j^ c/;e^ sAo/;, (fine) ^^ pi\ 
 
 Come, 5J5 loi, (col) [^ lai. 
 
 Comfortable, T^^? P''ng-<"', ^? HB 'Aii 
 1^73 n . .. 
 
 Commerce, ^^ij^ mau'-yik 
 
 t^omuicrce, ^^-^fft mau -yiK. 
 
 Compass, ^^g lo-t,.«y, ^H ^^j-./,,'- 
 
 nani-c/;[)m. Four points and centre ^ 
 
 ■^ 'ii'^'-fony. 
 Compel, 4gR k'cung'. 
 Compradors, ^ Jfifev; mai'-pan\ 
 Conceal, JMI mai. 
 Conduct, ^"T '^i hang-wai. 
 Confusedly, HJ liin'. 
 Coiuicct, 5^5 'j^ lin-clur. 
 Consequently, n|r [^ xhuh'-i . 
 Consider, i@, ^..ifjt s;e-sc»/»/'-ii;x'; coiiMdef 
 
 thoroughly, ^,^^ su,„,/-ch„„y 
 ','onsidcrable, -Sffi cff iit-y'<ir. 
 Cou,-.ul, -^ ^ g Hng'-sze'-irm. 
 Consumption, (disease) Hm ^n* ift 
 
 c'lCy', TO [^ U0l'-«/ie"n;7. 
 
 /.-loi. 
 
 /in -lo- 
 
« ! O N 
 
 (7) 
 
 DAY 
 
 Coiit.iiii, ^£-^ '""'^ i'i'\ ffiv ^ '""' y'l"'- 
 
 Contrary, to p5- -g* 'm hop. 
 
 Contusion, jfe\ ^l v!-sheuiig. 
 
 Converse, yjiH 'W seitaj-tsur. 
 
 Conversation, ^ =J^ tsui^t'am, ^. ff^; fj 
 
 Coolc, ^ gg/oA'-t'aii. 
 
 t;'ooking-pot, vl? ^^ s!ia-po. 
 
 Cool, ^ leung. 
 
 Coolie, i^ J^ l-uii'-tim\ (street) ii^k J^ 
 
 Copper, ^[|| t'ung. 
 
 f'o|jy, (to) i(jf c/i'aa, Jj^^ch'uH^/ii'. 
 
 Corlc, (a) ^M j^O tsii/ii.-chat. 
 
 (,'ook-screw, VJM Jm tsaii -lsv,n\ 
 
 Corn, (on tlie toe) SsM BR iiw'-ngan' . 
 
 Correct, |^ eking' . 
 
 Cot or hammock, S H? (m*-ch'ong. 
 
 Cotton, (raw) T>S vt/ min-yn. 
 
 Cotton cloth, 'j+j yio". 
 
 Concli, [J^ TsS sliui'-/. 
 
 Cougli, 1^ uSj k^at-sau^. 
 
 Count, (to) ^2 5/io\ gT ^v^fi'. 
 
 Counterpane, Q ^^ :^ pak^/a-p'i'. 
 
 Country, ^ kwoh, ^^ Jj ti'-foMj. 
 
 Courage, •»?• Hg_ /lo' -<(»«'. 
 
 Course, (of course) Ej w^ tsz'-in. 
 
 Conrt, ,^\ 'a' ftMnjr-t'oiig. 
 
 Cover, ^C ft'oj', to cover ^glT fc'or-''hii\ 
 
 Coverlet, ^^ ^ fc'am'-p'i'. 
 
 Covet, 1^" i'ftnt. 
 
 Cow, '^t ugau. 
 
 Crab, |w hai'. 
 
 Crape, ^ ;^ tsmi'-sha. 
 
 Crockery, iS^ 3S ts'ze-Ai', ovocltory mender 
 
 Cross way, — ■ j ffi& sam-a-Io\ 
 
 Crowd, — — * jj^ yat tut; pressing, crowd Tn" 
 
 5lS A. ''"' ^'* 5""i- 
 
 ^"P' ^ ^'"' C""^ writing ijik) jf|^ .-h'i. 
 Cup-board, Jjjm T.Iq- «»' -kwai'. 
 Cure, -^ ^^ i-ko, j^ '^^ /»!'-/«». 
 Ctirry-powder, ^^ -B. i>^ \vii)f^-k,'iii,ij^/,h,\ 
 
 ^ M ^ fc« -li-/a«'. 
 Curtain, gjAJ" njK mdn-cheuiiy^ 
 
 Custard-apple, 
 
 faa-l:iV-c/ii. 
 
 m 
 
 Custom, (house) ^1 n kiriii,-Iui.u 
 Cut, "dJ ts'il, with scibsoi's HM fc-w. 
 Cuttlefish, ^ ® mak-u. 
 
 D 
 
 Damp, ^ J^/an-ch'iu. 
 
 Dancing, 0^ ^ i'iu'-mo . 
 
 Danger, ^ j|^ iigai-///,,/. 
 
 Dare, |^ ko,,,! . 
 
 Dark, gg^ omV 
 
 Daughter, (your) -^ '^ h'ng"-r,/\ 
 
 Day, Q yiit ; the other day ^ Q wou^'-yat, 
 
 ;^ g s;«-yat; to this day ^ jg|J -^ 
 M c/dl^ /o' fta//i-yat. 
 Daytime, (J g^ yut-t'auj by day g 1^ 
 
 yat-fc/,; 
 
DEA 
 
 (8) 
 
 DRE 
 
 Dead, yk ] see'-liu', ' J§f .H/ kivok'-shan. 
 
 Deafness, Bt ^s i'-luug. 
 
 Dear, e kimi. 
 
 Death, ^ sze . 
 
 Debt, ^^ Tra him^-chai^. 
 
 Decade, •'HI ts'un. 
 
 Deceit, ^s" ^^ ktvai -icwdf. 
 ' R/li ON 
 
 Deceitful, fff^ P|5[ *aB-cAa' fte\ 
 
 Deck, Mi rm shiin-miii". 
 
 Decline, (to) ^ ^tj ts'ze-fc'ei*. 
 
 Deep, *^ «/«/»!. 
 
 Deer, j^ luk. 
 
 Degree, (measure) yS to\ 
 
 Delay, jM ch'i. 
 
 Descend, .ig. -^T- lok-AS". 
 
 Desire, «JiJ yiik, want ^& o?. 
 
 Desist, (firom work) ]ify ~f shau-hmg. 
 
 Desk, /3 "y yjg. se'-tsze'-t'oi. 
 
 Despatch, (to) >T ^^ ia'-Jat. 
 
 Despatch, a, (inf. to sup.) ,A> -V^ fti/Kj-man, 
 
 (sup. to inf.) A/ afe man-s/jM. 
 Despise, ffl((( j^^ hing-fat, HS /'J^ t'ai'-siu. 
 Destestable, ffl 
 ^& - 
 
 ^'"■''' M :^ '"" 
 
 ■shuz . 
 
 Diarrhoea, nj; JhT t'o'-ok. 
 
 Dictionary, -Z. ^^1 tsze'-<i»'. 
 
 Die, (to) ^ ase'. 
 
 Different, S i'. 
 
 Difficult, ffiffi nan. 
 
 Diligent, ||jj ^ k'an-Iik. 
 
 Diminish, j/Ht-T^ kam-shiu . 
 
 Dinner, ^T^^ tM ts'an, Bw,^^ man' fe'aa. 
 
 Dining room, y^ ^^ j^ tai'-fa'aji-foug. 
 
 Directly, ^ tsau', ^1] ^|J l-'ik-hak 
 Dirty, P§^i^ 'm kon-tsing-, f^j^^ u-„o. 
 Disagreement, yO\% ^.^ — ■ ^am pai yat. 
 Discourse, ^ ]^ h„ig' -ch'ut, ^ j^ ftoKy'- 
 
 ]un\ 
 Dislike, pE- Q) ^s" 'm chmig-i'. 
 Dislocations, Mr ^S [K^ 
 
 •s* 
 
 ifV ^.^'o/i^ ^'rt?i^- 
 
 kwdt. 
 
 Disrespectful, pS. ^v OT[ 'm kun,g-king\ 
 Disy liable, ^@ ^^ ^ /un' -Aot-tsze\ 
 Distinguish, -^Tf" 9|j ,/'rt»-i)'^ 71" mi /<'"•/'«'■ 
 DisturVi, ^g '^^l ft;B5r-tung\ 
 Divulge, ^g HJ lo'-cA'M^ 
 Do, -^ tso\ 
 
 Dog, ^fij fcai/, hunting dog, :J|^ :^6] lip-iau'. 
 Dollar, (see lesson 55 for varieties) ^S ^^ 
 
 ngan-ts'in. 
 Don't, p^ mai', pE- ^ 'm Ao', Pg ^ 'm 
 
 shaiV 
 Door, P^ mun, P^ p mun-A,.«'. 
 Double, '^P (cont. V^) sheutig. 
 Double minded, ^^ /(*\ V-sim. 
 Dough, ^ min". 
 Dove, ftS ftqp. 
 Downstairs, ^vg "^ lau-ha\ jfg "T^ te!'-ha\ 
 
 ^ J> (^ tsoi'-ha'-pin\ 
 Draw, a tooth ^ -^ CSi-nga, (water) ;fj 
 
 to', (pull up) ^^ ^ faW Aj'. 
 Drawer ife TiS kwai'-i'Mm^' . 
 Drawing-room, ^^ §^ hak-t'eng. 
 Dress, ^ :J^ cAoK-7-pan\ ^ |^ «a'-pan\ 
 
 (to) ^ ^ ^^ c;je«ft ;-fuk. 
 Dressing-case, ^^ •fc^ keng-chotig. 
 
DRE 
 
 (9) 
 
 EVE 
 
 Dressing-gown, V^ ■gfl 3^ saa-shUc-sham. 
 Dressing-room, "jj^ ^J| -j^ sau-shik-hng. 
 Dressing-table, JraS^j^T^ s!ioh-chong-t^o\. 
 Drill, (to) ^ tsiirt\ ^ -¥• tsnn-tsze . 
 Drink, -g^ ydni . 
 
 I'f.v. ^ *<»'- 
 
 Duck, ^e op, (wild) -JQl^ Be shut -ap. 
 
 Dumb, ^g^ PJ « -hau . 
 
 During, ;^ jj]j^ <;7«-noi\ ;^ H^ — 
 
 cAi-shi. 
 Dust. vfE ^ 
 
 Kgg, ^ tan'. 
 
 Eight, /y po<. 
 
 Either, ;^ ^ shi'-tan\ 5^ wak, .^ 
 
 Po mi *"' ^*'' '"' ''*' ■ 
 Elephant, 3H tseung'. 
 
 Eleven, -r ■ sha^-ijat. 
 
 Embark, 'S^ tap. 
 
 Emoluments, (official) ^K SB- yeung'-lim, 
 
 Emperor, ^3 "K* wong-«a»\ 
 
 Empire, (the world) ^F ~K <'m-ha\ 
 nai-ch'&n, dust-pan TnE .!+■ Employ, gig <s'c»y', 'j^ shai , to be in an em- 
 
 fat-tau . ploy, -fT '"''1 'fX T ta-kuiiff. 
 
 Duty, (customs) Sm ^R Aewnj'-ngan, (to pay) Empty, ^X ''»«?, (to) ^S ^X ching'-hung^ 
 
 W^ fl^ ^ "^P *«««y-'>g&n. 
 
 Dwell, qT chii\ 
 
 Dwelling house, ^s -^^ tik-she^. 
 
 Dysentery, ^ ^ oA-li\ 
 
 E 
 
 Each, :Hb ™"''i ^M '"'\ '& *"*• 
 Early, SL flS <fo'-shi. 
 Earth, jih ti\ (matter) ;^ -^ uai-<'o'. 
 East, ^B tung. 
 Easy, /^ i\ take it easy 
 yau tso' la. 
 
 Eat, 
 
 , :^ shik, pg 
 
 yaic. 
 
 Eau de Cologue, (Ziil. flower-dew water) i^ 
 
 ^» Tic /"-^o'-s/iui . 
 
 Ebb, lj^ ^^ shm-koii. 
 
 Eclipse, solar Q ^ yat-shik, lunar ^ ^ 
 iit-shik. 
 
 E^'' ilB^'''"'-"- 
 
 'Pj ^ to -hung, :^ _^ pmi-huKg. 
 End, J^ JS s/joM-mi'. 
 Enemy, Tfr; JHJ^ ch'au-tik. 
 Englishman, ^^ ^ ^\\ \ ring-kat-W- 
 
 yan. 
 Engraver, JSffi [^ ri«-tseung'. 
 Enough, ^[ kau'. 
 Enter, 7^ .^. yap A«\ 
 Entirely, :)^ BJjJt ts'ai-5ai\ 
 Envelop, ^A ^S pau-hi . 
 Envelope, 1^ ^J* sun'-fung, 
 jlj MM Eruption, (on the skin) '^^3^ pan-ch'mi' . 
 
 Even, (also) iK hn. 
 Evening, Hffl man', this evenmg -^ Offl Aifrn- 
 
 man'. 
 Event, Sb. 8ze\ 
 Everybody, i& y^ Soft yan, ^^ ^ mui' 
 
 yan. 
 Everyday, ^S Q mu>' ya*. 
 Everything, .^'FF fco*kin', ■«.^J mat-ye . 
 
EVE 
 
 (10) 
 
 FIR 
 
 Everywhere, )^j^ch'ii:-ch'ii\ j^ j^ pin' 
 pin', l /tl fj^ sze'-di'ii'', on every side L/l 
 fm s^e'-rnin\ 
 
 Evidence, PJ lit liau-kani), J^ 
 kli\ 
 
 ^ p'ang- 
 
 Farmer, ^ ^ nung-/M, ^ |IJ f^ ^■<"»^- 
 
 t'in-fo' . 
 Fast, (quick) lU^ /a?, (boat) l[^ ^ fai^- 
 t'eng', to go fast (as a clock) -fTT 'l^?- 
 hang-yai\ 
 Exact, •g* hop, if- cMnfff Bg' HS- ugam- Father, g3 jV teiiji-fu', ^^ Af iia-fu", A^ 
 
 Exactly, jt JC cluug^-chiiig'. 
 
 Except, ^^p ch'ii. 
 
 Excuse me (I am sorry) jsi Jg pS. ^S sjjr 
 
 ngo 'm cheuk. 
 Executioner, -^yf^^^ shai-sltati' . 
 Exert, j^ ^J yeung'-lik, [^H ^ cA'i^Mik, Feed, 
 
 fH'-^s'ft?fc. 
 
 ±fc, 
 
 Fault, ^S fa'oA'. 
 
 Favourable, j|p| shuu\ by your favour, g-p 
 
 ^ «'oi-lai\ 
 Fear, 'hA i>'a\ 
 Feather, ^g ^- te'-mo. 
 
 pfc tJ tsun'-lik. 
 
 Expensive, pa hwai'. 
 Explain, ^^ fcta , 
 
 , to PS wa.i''. 
 
 Fender, "/^'aIh 1^ /"''"^O"^'''- 
 Ferry, (landing place) ^ff flg to'-t'au. 
 Ferry-boat, 1® TJ^ J^ wang-57»Mi'-to\ 
 
 Extinguish, tVM sit, JT' ^^ i^ to! -%-foh' , Ferry-man, J^ ^ to'-chii'. 
 
 Extremely, ^ kik, ^M:!W tak-tsaiK 
 Eye, 1^ ngan', one eyed ^ |fi P|^ 
 ngan te\ 
 
 F 
 
 Face, Tm niin". 
 
 Faint, (to) y^ xffi sAai-wan. 
 
 Fair, (-wind) )| g M, shun'-y«m!7. 
 
 Fever, ^^/"'A ^ (ii^/aMing'. 
 Few, a few (indef) Sg Iffl ti ko/t^. 
 I'ipld, jg t'in. 
 
 5*">fty, £. 4" 'ug shap. 
 
 Fight, ^ ^ ta'-kmi. 
 
 File, ^ (s'oA\ 
 
 Fill, ffil vm chdm-mnn , fill up ^J J^ t'in- 
 
 Fin, ^^ ^ ii-c^T. 
 Finally, Uv" JS s/iaji-mi' . 
 
 Faithful, ^H7 ig|' c/j-K«^-chik, Ig S^ SM»'-shat. Find, 3^ ^^ w«b' -cheuk. 
 
 J^^all down, 
 
 Family, ^: 
 
 iU~to . 
 
 , ka-hwii'. 
 
 Famine, Wg Vii' hi-fong. 
 Fan, (a) ^ ^ pd-shm\ 
 
 Fine, ^ yaii>. 
 
 Finish, -^ ^ tso'-iin, -^ ;;^ tso'-mai. 
 
 Fire, ^foh', conflagration tj^ '^fofi^crml; 
 
 make a fire -^ >J^ i|^ ta foil -lo, fire 
 
 place '/C'nmJ"li-i^o. 
 
FIR 
 
 Kii'e-cfackers, jjj^ (^ y>'n« -tsemig". 
 Fire-wood, ^^ cli'ai. 
 
 Fire- works, (to burn) 'jjf^ j^ j/i> shiu iu-/oh' . 
 First, -^ sjH, firstly — > ^ yn* loi, I3rst day 
 
 of the month ;t^ • ch'o-yat, in tlie first 
 
 place ^^ IS eut-c!t'u\ 
 Fish -@ ii (to) iT -© <a'-u, salt-fish lIlsB 
 
 ■^^ ham-yu. 
 Fishei-man, -^ "^^ ^ fo/t'-u-yan. 
 
 Fix, j[C ^J ting"-shat. 
 
 Fl'ig, (a) ;^ k'i, staff j^ ;[ff k'i-fto«. 
 
 Flavoured, ;^^ te-mi\ ^^j^^ 'iC 
 
 mi'-to". 
 Flea, ^fij jqGl iau'-shat. 
 Flood-tide, -W^ -^ sAai'-tai'. 
 Floor, ^ ^ LTO-i;a»»', (ground-) j^ g 
 
 ■Jw ti'-t'oi-^iaK.'. 
 Flower, '^fa, flower vase :^ )^/a-p'!ng, 
 
 -pot stand !!|t SS fa-ia\ flower pot 
 
 'PK ^K /<'"P'""j hunch of flowers — • 
 
 gj^ :fg j,«(-k'au-/ffl. 
 Fly away, ^ ^ >hii\ fly a kite j^fong', 
 
 Fog, g^ ^p mung-mo\ 
 
 Fold (to) t^ :^ c/«>-mai. 
 
 Follow, ^R 'ti ^aK-cliii', 
 
 Foolish, -^^ ngoi. 
 
 Foot, Jffl] teuk, (measure) F^ cA'ei, footstool 
 
 M ^^ m ^««'t-t''p-'«'^^"- 
 
 For, (prep.) -^ toi\ 
 
 Foreign, ^|^ Jg loi-lo'; ("the Cantonese call for- 
 eigners ^ ^^f'l.n-^fm.) 
 
 (11) 
 
 (JAP 
 
 > ± -T 
 
 Forenoon, J^ ^S slieung'-(7(««,', 
 
 sljeung"^-ng , 
 Foresail, g^ ||]B t'au-li', 
 l'<»'S<^t, ^lE mong-H\ ^^^[J mong-i'«^'. 
 Fork, (a) j^^ ^ c/ii-cA'«. 
 Formerly, -^ Q^ si/i-shi, ^ Qijp kau^shi, 
 
 ■^ B^ ts'in-shi. 
 ^"■^'i j^ fi ;)'aM^-t'oi, ^ sheng. 
 Fortnight, pji'fg |g ^ leung'. /,„/,' lai'-y«„;> 
 Foundation, Wl dlf ti^-ij. 
 Four, uH s«e\ 
 Fowl, Ss *a«', 
 
 Fowling-piece, ^ 5^ niix -ts'etmt/. 
 Fracture, jfjc »^ chii-kmat. 
 Freight, ;;^ ^ |g, «A('/-/c«;-ng;-,n. 
 Frenchman, '^ ^ ^ ^ Fat-lau-ioj-yan. 
 Fresh, 0j- ]^ sri/.-sin, (water) y'^ tam\ 
 Friend, ^ _^ p'ang-yau'. 
 From, ^J yau, S tsze\ 
 Frost, ji^' seung. 
 Fruit, ^ -^ kiooh'-tsJ, ^ ^ s/;,(kj- 
 
 F>y, |||[ <5«, ^ ^ isi«-8huk. 
 
 Frying-pan, ^m wok. 
 Full, "J^ mnn', (in eating) -0^ pan'. 
 Future, ^ loi, (-events) ^jc^ "lit ^ mi'- 
 loi-/te^-sze\ 
 
 a 
 
 Gambler, ^J |^ f^ >o-poUo', ^^f^ 
 
 lo'~ts''in-lo . 
 Gape^ ^ P,^ ^^ td-hanC-\o\ 
 
GAR 
 
 (12) 
 
 HAK 
 
 Garden, |>^[ iin. 
 
 Gardener, [j^| j mi-iing, Zfh -[- /g-wong. 
 
 Garter, ^^ SS mat-(ai\ 
 
 Gather, (flowers) jSj chat:, 
 
 Gauze, j feMl * _f!^ ^6^ henng'-^vsin-aha. 
 
 Gem, -[^ yuk. 
 
 Generally, -rr *H tai"-,C'or. 
 
 Gentle, jM ^^ jiiore-leung. 
 
 Gentleman, < f^ y^ ^Xi wef-yan-Aai, 
 
 German, R J3, .m yl Yat-i' -man'-yan. 
 
 Get on, (in life) ^ i^ ^ /a(-tat-Ai' , 
 
 Ghost, JB kwm . 
 
 Giddy, flH 'gg* t'au-wan. 
 
 Gill, (measure) >^^ iq/?. 
 
 Gimlet, ^-^M sha^i'-tsiiii - 
 
 Girl, -^ -r^ Qu -isai'. 
 
 Give -W, pi J 
 
 Give away, distribute iljr ;)'a8*. 
 
 Glance, (at) Mft P|V t'ai'-i^nt-ka . 
 
 Glass, ^J^;,oMi. 
 
 Glass, (a tumbler) JR? J^ )KK poh-^-ptu. 
 
 Gloves, •^' •Si shau-lap. 
 
 Ghie, «i fiy ^^ ngau-p'i-iaa. 
 
 Go, (as a clock) ^hr hang, (go out) rH ■^• 
 
 ch'at-huj (go away) yfl "'Ac', 
 Goat, Si 3E <s'o' -y enng. 
 Goblet, yr^ ^^ shui -vx. 
 GOD, ^ ^ Sheung'-Tar. 
 Godown, ^S* ^^ybA'-ts'ong. 
 Gold, /^^ kum. 
 Gone, ■^'T '»".-liu', -^ 
 
 Goodbye, tjj- -^ /"j'-liang, 
 
 hi' -In 
 
 Goods, "^/oV, ^ i^/oA'-mat, ^ ^ 
 
 mat-kin\ 
 Goose, »E ngoh, (wild) JR WB ngan'-ngoli. 
 Governor, (general) S|« '^ tsung -iuf.; (of a 
 
 province) ivK WE ts'tiu-fii , 
 
 Gradually, jfflj" '^ tsim'-tsim', 
 
 •±Sr 1 ' 
 
 Grass, B. *» o . 
 
 Grass-cloth, JS ^m ha"-po\ 
 
 Gratitude, S; ^_ shing-wai", ^^,chi-ydn. 
 
 Grave, Jig JjJ" K* iM«-t8'oi-/a<. 
 
 Gravy dish, ^r ^ cA<Jp-chung. 
 
 Gr'jen, pq j^^ ts'ire^-luk. 
 
 Grind the teeth, "^ ^3 -^ ta -iigit-tigd.. 
 
 Groom, ,^ ^ ma'->. 
 
 Guard, -^^ --^p shau -chii , 
 
 Guess, 1^5 ^ ■ 
 
 Guest, yV ^^ y^n-hak. 
 
 Gun-powder, *^ ^^/oA'-yeak, 
 
 H 
 
 Hair, -^ mo (of the head) ga ^g t'au-/a<. 
 
 Hair-brush, flS i^ t'au-so", ^g ij^ fat-so'. 
 
 Half, ^ pun\ 
 
 Hall, ^ t'ong. 
 
 Ham, »^ J-g /»*'-'''«'. 
 
 Hammer, ^^ J^ ^'(■(-fh'ui. 
 
 Hand, (to) at table =f- -|^ sha'i' -pi' , J^ ^ 
 
 tiiV-chun\ 
 Handkerchief, -^p m shau-kdn. 
 Handle, (a) ijlj^ ?n»^'. 
 Han-, (up) ;^^E hoa-hi , 
 Hard, 5ffi ngang\ 
 
HAR 
 
 (13) 
 
 HUR 
 
 HUl, |J^| shan. 
 Himself, EI -^ taz'-/ta. 
 
 Harmonious, JHP JgT woli-Aj'. 
 
 Harvest, jj^ BJi" sAaM-shiug. 
 
 Hash, (to) -g -^ h&t-shik /|| 1^ tsap-ui\ Hinge, ^ tau\ 
 
 Hasten, ^ i|^ ioK'>i\ (^ ^>r-fa'«. His, fg p|)j; li'u'-/f-6«. 
 
 Hasty, Sp p'an. 
 
 Hat, mg mo\ hat-stand |j]g 3^ mo'-fca\ 
 
 Hate, ^ ^ foV-«\ "SJ" Ig^ Ao'-han\ 
 
 Haulon, ^y^^cA'e'-fe-'. 
 
 Have, 7^ yau. 
 
 He, -fg k'u'. 
 
 Head, 5h t'au. 
 
 Headache, g^ )|S t'au-«'MB/. 
 
 Head-dress, '^ ■^jR shau -shiS:, 
 
 Head wind, J^ |^ _^ ting' -t's.u-fung. 
 
 Heap, (to) :t||^ fes'-A/. 
 
 Hear, gS <'e)i^. 
 
 Heart, j^J^ som. 
 
 Heat, ^ it, (to) j)^ ^ sHw-it 
 
 Heaven, ^ «Sre, (the abode) ^ ^ «';»- 
 
 t'ong. 
 Heavy, ^H chung*. 
 
 Hither, ^& |j|^ ^ tsoi^-ni-ch'i?. 
 
 Hoist, (a sail) ;||1; ^ cA'e'-As''. 
 
 Hold, (a horse) ^ /^ hm-chu\ (fast) Mf 
 
 W^ 5R c^a-shat-loi. 
 Hold, (ship's) J|j^ fe'oM^'. 
 Home, (at) 'iC ^ tsoi>-ia, (go) ^ ^fcwaj 
 
 ^^ ^ |. ka-chil . 
 Hone, ^ ^ ^ mo-to-shek. 
 Honourable, "Sj hwa^. 
 Hook up, ^1 ^E kaii-hi . 
 Hope, ^^y mong*. 
 Hongkong, ^: J^ Heung-long . 
 Horizon, ^ '/^ «'i?s-ngai. 
 
 ^°^^% ^ ma', (a) ' -^- ^|| yat-cheh. 
 
 ma'. 
 Horse-whip, ^^ ^ffi ma-pin. 
 Hot, .^fj it, (as the sun) Jjifc hung. 
 
 Help, ^ ^ po»g-choh\ (no) ||E ^ -^ Hotel, ^ j^ Aoft-im'. 
 
 mo-noi'-hoh. 
 Hen, ^B |]j^ hai-na . 
 H^"<^«, it 1^ ^ li->«-cA'a\ 
 
 Hour, ^{J ^g tim-chung, Chinese honr=2 
 
 European hours [ji j^ shi-shdn. 
 House, ^g «4, j^ ^^ Ican-uk. 
 
 Henceforth, Hi -^v VA J?-^ tsz'-iam-i -hau\ Houseboy, aa. T? sze'-fe'aj'. 
 
 |& :^ tsz"-hau\ 
 Here, [j/^ ^^ ni-ck'ii^, DB ^ m-piu\ 
 Hereafter, ^ ^ hau'-loi. 
 Hiccough, ^1^1^ id-sze-yik. 
 Hidden, [jg om'. 
 High, 1^ i^o. 
 Highway, ^ jjig tai'-lo\ 
 
 How? ^^ W, ^^^ iim'-yeung', ^fl^jfij 
 
 ii-hoh. 
 How many? ^^ ^^ ht-tdh. 
 Hungry, |Jf; ^ t'o'-ngoh'. 
 H-^i-y^ ^ i^^P '1^ 11j]-/a»'-chi\ 
 Htirt, -^ sheung, (to give pain) )|S i'lin^^ 
 
ICE 
 
 (14; 
 
 KNI 
 
 I 
 
 h ^ "go- 
 
 ^•^^1 &K P'^3' ^n ■""'' ('*'■ ^o^)- 
 
 Idle, f^ han. 
 
 If, ^ ye>ik, as if jtj' ^ Ao'-ts'z . 
 
 Ignoramus, [Jj "(^ shan-lo, jjj ^g; sAaK- 
 
 tuk. 
 m, (bad) pS. ^ •m-ho, treat iU ^l]^^ 
 
 il Aai-pok-toi'-yan. 
 Immediately, jll ^j lap-Aaft, ^ ^ij «ii-- 
 
 In, (into) ^ yap, ;^ ^ tsoi'-noi'. 
 
 Inch, Tr <s' !«!,'. 
 
 Incorrect, p£ '?p P|)£ 'm-cAM?j'-;te'. 
 
 Indisposed, pS. g A-l 'm-tsze'-tsoi', (unwell) 
 
 Inflammation, |^ ^ chung -it. 
 
 Ink, ^ ylfC mak-s/mi'. 
 
 Ink-stand, ^^ TfK ^g mak-sAwi'-anj. 
 
 Ink-stone, g ^ mak-in', (-tray) ^ p'uru 
 
 Ink-stone box, ^ ^ :^ mak-in'-hop. 
 
 Ink-stone cover, ^ ^ ^ mak-in'-i'oi'. 
 
 Insane, (-ity) ^^'^^ fat-tin. 
 
 Insert, "^ ^fong'-y&p. 
 
 Inside, ^ g^ Ini'-t'au ^ -j^ noi'-piu\ 
 
 to turn inside out ^m ^5 1^ m JR 
 
 yara-lui'-piu' cA'ati-loi. 
 Instance, (for) _{;(j ^ pj'-ii, g^ 'ffl^ cA'h;- 
 
 Intend, :^^ Ywjij . 
 ntercalary, gM yun', 
 
 Interest, ^] _^ li' -sift. 
 
 Interpret, -jM ^^ ch'Un-wa', ^^ ^^ /a«- 
 
 yik. 
 Interrogative particles D/^, i, ^^ mi, a, mo'. 
 Intimate, j^^ jM sam-fuh. 
 Into, ^ pj yap-noiV 
 Invent, ^^ fH seung -ch'vi. 
 Invite, ^m ts^eng . 
 Inwards ^ff fe tsoi'-noi'. 
 Iron, ^1 fit. 
 Is, '^ hai', ^ shi'. 
 It, '[g k'ii', it is 'j^ hai". 
 Itch, J^p^ ftl shdng-lai>. 
 I™'?! ^. ;^ tseang"-nga. 
 
 JeUy, ^ toK/. 
 
 Judge, "J^^ v^ ^\ on}-c¥at-sie. 
 Just so, DffiJ .^^ iom'-yenng'. 
 Just now, 1^- -^ ching^-Mm, W 
 
 ■ tsau'. 
 
 Keep, j^' jwf cAai-mai, -tJ- sAau. 
 
 Key, ^^^oA'-shi. 
 
 Kick, ^ ^^ t'ek-hi. 
 
 KUl, ^ sto, ^ ^ to'-5se'. 
 
 Kitchen. 
 
 ch'ii-fong. 
 
 Kite, (paper) |R;|| cAMu, (to fly) J^ |^ 
 
 wiili) •^ ' 
 Knife, '^ to, pen knife 5M 71 yr c^^^^-So" 
 
KNO 
 
 (15) 
 
 LIM 
 
 3Knook, ^^ ta, tt p'ak. 
 Kuot, ;J^ ij^ td-lit, 
 
 Kuow, ^H o/«, ^ ^Ij cA,'-«o', ^ ^ Mk- 
 t&k. 
 
 Lacker-ware, |^ -g^ ts'at-hi; 
 
 Ladder, ^ ^^ t'ong-('ai. 
 
 Ladle, j^ ^ i'ong-kanff, ^S Aoit. 
 
 Lady, w2 ^K Tiai-nai, little lady (said to a 
 
 cLUd) ^ ^^ -j^- a'-neang-<saj'. 
 Lame, (-ness) Bjj^ ffl|l pai-keuk. 
 Lamp, ^§ jJ^J chan' -tang . 
 Lamp-oil, /p yg shang-javL 
 Lamp-shade, jra| a tdng-chau'. 
 Lamp-wick, jj^^ ^(j^ tang-sam. 
 Landing-place, ^ff flS to'-t'au. 
 Landlord, ^g i^ uk-chii', (shop) ftffl ^b 
 
 p^o'-clm . 
 Lantern, ■^- 1^^ skau'-tdng. 
 Lard, ^g' yW cAii-yau. 
 Large, ^^ tai'. 
 Last, jj^ ^^g sJaji-mi', ^p kau', at last -ffi 
 
 ^ pat-Hug', ^Ij^ (o'-ZctJ, lastly |^ 
 
 ^j lun-to\ 
 Late iS cli'i. 
 
 Lately, of late, j^ ^ kau'-Ioi. 
 Law, 1^ ^ lut/a«, (to keep the) ^ :^ 
 
 J^p shau-lut-yat. 
 Law clerk, jgjjj ^ sze-je. 
 Lawyer, ^ gj]j chong'-s^e. 
 Lay a fire, 'ff ^ >^ ta-/oh>-h. 
 
 Lazy, 'l^ t^ lan'-toh'. 
 Lead, (to) (SS HJ tai^-ch'ut. 
 Lbiif, ^^ ip, (of* a bookl J^ ^'ift. 
 League, (10 ZiJ ^HM* 0\j t'ong-s«'. 
 Leak, VkR "TIC \&a''-sktn . 
 
 Learn, *^^ hok. 
 
 Least, :^ /y\ chi'-siu . 
 
 Leave, (to) ^^\] li-pit, (open) ^||^ li-Aoi. 
 
 Left, Jif tsoh'j Pf fig <so/«' -pin\ 
 
 Leg, :^ f I tai'-^i'. 
 
 Leisure, ^ han, ^ Qi 'ffe han-shi-hau', 
 
 ^^gghan-ha-,(no-)p£f|||^ m- 
 ((!^^-hau. 
 Lend, j^ -^ (se'-Si", |^ ^ fae'-ftiooA'. 
 Leprosy, ^ ^ m&-fung. 
 Less, Br >I> kdng^-siu'. 
 Let, '(^ X, let go ^ :^ fong' hu\ (rent) 
 
 HJ "^3 ch'ul yarn'. 
 Let-go, ^^ ^j^ yam' Aii', let do .^- 'ftjt *"' 
 
 tso', let down, \f^ \\ fong'' ha*. 
 Letter, ^TIs fung-sun^, .g&'jg shu-sun^. 
 Level, 2p p'ing, to level, ^Rw^p kwat-p'ing. 
 Library, ^& ^3 sAS-fong. 
 Lie, (a) |S '^ fau-in. [sMng. 
 
 Life, /fc shang, the whole life — /tfc i/a(- 
 Lift, Tm. ^E ning-hi', (up) ^t ^^ tau-hi'. 
 Light, (the light) -t^ kwong, get in the light 
 
 i^ .IB cAe hak, to light StJ <m'. (not 
 
 heavy) fflf^ A^?i^. 
 Like, (to) ppl "S^ chimg-i^, ^S" oi", to be like 
 
 j^ ^ t'ung yeung'. 
 Limited, ^-BT |)R yau'-han\ 
 
LIS 
 
 ()(,; 
 
 MAY 
 
 List, ^S H t'iu muk, to draw up a catalogue 
 
 P|^|J/-o;-ut. 
 
 ListKii, ^ffl Bra sai}-t^eng. 
 
 Little, jj^nj s(m'i, yj>^ si'm', (in a depreciatory sense) 
 
 mn 
 
 y^y^ 
 
 S2e^ 526^ luk luk. 
 
 Live, (dwell) 'ff chii', live at /ft ^^ff chii* 
 
 tsoi", live together ml '{+ t'ung chii'. 
 Loadj (to) a^j- 'h' cAom^ /oA\ 
 
 Lotster, -^g jjE lung-/(a. 
 
 Lock, (a) ;j^ ^^ pa'-soh', (to) ^^ soA', to 
 
 lock up, ^ Jg toaii-mai, ^ ^^ 
 
 soh'-chu.\ ^M ^2 soh'-hi'. 
 Long, (in time) mfj noi', ^f chung', a long 
 
 time Wy -y^ Ao' i<!"', so long a time 
 
 noi' ij, how long ? ^g i]|]T fr/' noi'. 
 Look, HSfi t'ai', look at ^fr 'ff mong'-chii', 
 
 H5E S^ t'ai' Un>, look for jM^ loitn', 
 
 jHJ. ts'am. 
 Looking-glass, |^ ^ miu'-fen/. 
 Look out, (in a dictionary) /Q" ch'a. 
 Lose, -H^ shat, lose a battle TpJ mjj to' sAa. 
 Love, H^ ^OT itm* oi'. 
 Low, l^ ias, ^^ ai'. 
 Lower, (to) ^^ lok. 
 Lychees, ^. Tfi^ lai'-c/»". 
 
 M 
 
 Macao, vMP^ O'-mun. 
 Macaoese, vM Pt K^ O'-mun-yan. 
 Magistrates, 'g^ J^ i-m-fu', ^ ^ g 
 i7;rt//i -sze'-ftwre. 
 
 Mainsail, ;^ (|i|| tai' li'. 
 Make, mf tso', fKX ching , (compel) ^S X-am, 
 Gtg k'eung', make money @fp-5K ohan* 
 loi, (ahed) ^X^ll^ ta' p'o-k'oi>. 
 Male, ^B nam, animals (generally), ^S kmig 
 birds 2ffi hung and ,^\ fci"!^', quadrup- 
 eds {pj^ mau' . 
 Man, y^ yan, men ^ ^ cA/^/ij" yan. 
 Man-of-war, -^C Hft y'-'z-sliun. 
 Many, ^. toh, very many, -^ ^^ tai' toh. 
 
 Mare, ^fe "pi ma'-rau'. 
 Mark, (to put a private mark on goods) •jT^la 
 ■sly to' om'-ho'. 
 
 Market, :ffe jt i-ai-shi'. 
 
 Market-place, ph BB shi'-t'aa, (town) jt^ 
 hfj /m-shi'. 
 
 Market-price, [ji f© shi-Ja'. 
 
 Marriage, tej ^^ ia' te'u'. 
 
 Marry, (said of a man) is'a" lo'-p'oh ®5^&-]^^ 
 (of a woman) ch'ut ia'' qJ i^. 
 
 Mason, y)g ^rj^ |^ na.i-shm'-lo'. 
 
 Mast, 7W Tjn' cAJ-wai, to put in a mast ^5 
 ■^^ shu'-wai, mainmast _;;^Jj)n] t^ii" wai, 
 foremast gj^ 4jn' t'au-wai, mizeumast 
 
 Mat, IS tsek. 
 
 Match, ^^/oA'-ch'ai. 
 
 Matter, ^ ^ sze'-foji', (no) pg. |^ ,m. 
 
 luu'. 
 Mattress, ^% :?S tiii'-yuk. 
 May, (can) "pj" AoA'-i'. 
 Me, ^ ngoh'. 
 
MEA 
 
 (17) 
 
 MUS 
 
 Meal, (a) ^^ Is'an. 
 
 Mean, (base) ag: tsin". 
 
 Meaning, ^^ ^ i'-sze'. 
 
 Means, i^ -?- J'al.-tsse'. 
 
 Measles, FH ^t dt%t ma. 
 
 Measure, (to) "m" tff lenug' tok, (a) "g" 
 
 leung'. 
 Medicine, K^ yeulc. 
 Memory, gP I prp ftj'-sj'n;/. 
 Mend, ||k, ||P^o'-/««. 
 Merchant, 1^ fef skeitng-ku ^ uSt yV Cheung- 
 
 Mizeii sail, JS jpffl mi'-li'. 
 
 Money, ^^ ts'iu, to make money (grow rich) 
 
 ^^./"'-ts'oi. 
 Mniuiy chiingor, J^. ^s un' ts'ui, i^ ^^ 
 
 tK" chau -ti^'m-ld 
 
 (slang.) * 
 
 Month, Ej lit, this month [l/3 ^^ EI ni koh 
 
 lit, last month j-" ■l|H H sheung' hoK' 
 
 lit, next month ^i '. yV* H tai" i^ 
 
 Icoli' iit, j\ El ha^ ijt. 
 Moon, H iit, El -tI^ iit-jfriooM^. 
 More, ^ n^^ to/j (j', g ^ chung'-^oA. 
 
 yan. 
 .Merchant vessel, '^ )^ /oA'-shiin. 
 Messenger, 5i$ Iffi loi-s2e\ (official) ^^ thB Moreover, rfn _g^ i-ch'e . 
 
 hung-sze'. 
 Middle, Ptl cte»^. 
 Middling, \X\ \X\ ehung-chung. 
 Midnight, 4X J^ pir„^-ye\ 
 Midst of, Fp ^y chung-kan. 
 Mile, (Chinese ; j^ of an Enghsh) ||_ li'. 
 Milk, 2fc.j5^ ngau-nai'. 
 Mince, -S Vj^ min'-chi' (bast.) 
 
 -Morning, S. fco', (good) S. J^ (so' -shin, 
 this morning -^ 5H kam-cUu, in the 
 
 morning So flS S. chin-t'si\i-tso' , 
 Mosquito, ffi^ «!«(?. 
 Mosquito-curtain, (a) '^cBK'l^ ■''"' ''°"S 
 
 mu/i-':/t<rung\ 4lX. -^^ 7«(*7/-toi\ 
 M.i.-it, ^ ^ cAr to!i. 
 Mother, -ffl: ^@ mu'-fc'are, your — ■^ ^^ 
 
 Mind, )Y^ sairij to mind (i.e. look after) 
 
 li'- 
 Minute, Ijffi JV. min-ra (bast,) 
 Mirror, ^ ^ min'-fte«^V 
 Mirror, frame ^^ 33 leng^-ha\ 
 Miscellaneous, 4Jff tsap. 
 Miss, (to) 5^ lai. 
 Mistake, (to) gF^g ki'-lx'oli', to make a 
 
 ^^ ching' ts'oh\ 
 Mistaken, -^^ SU tsung 'ng'. 
 Mix, il^ iW ft'aa-mai. 
 
 'y ling'-shan'-t'ong. 
 
 Mother pearl, ^."rar^S wan-mu'-Aoi. 
 Mouldy, ^^ /o«, ^t ^J s/i™^ mui. 
 Mountain, [ | [ shan. 
 Mouse, VS& ^j so-slm . 
 
 Move, '%^Wt !/Mi-tung', (remove) ^^j^pvn. 
 Much, ^ ioA, as much as jM ^ Horn'' toh. 
 Mud, ^ nai. 
 
 Music, ^§- ^^ yam-ngok, to make music i^ 
 as tso" ngok. 
 
 Muslin. 
 
 -'^^^^- 
 
 i-iio . 
 
MtJS 
 
 (18) 
 
 NOW 
 
 Must, JJl^\pit, J^\ ^pit-tmg\ fS^^^pit- 
 
 m\ ^ )J^\ An'-pit, 
 Mustard, JC^ -J^ /W-mai',. 
 
 -jp yeung'-fe^e'. 
 
 Muster, (a) f^ pan', 
 
 Mutton, 3E 1^ yeung-ynk, mutton broth 
 3K 1^1 ^Sf yPUDn-yuk-^'jj/ry, muttoQ 
 chops 3£ iBE *Q* yuung-p'ai-^jiT«(. 
 
 Mutual, T(H seitiif/. 
 
 My, mine, ^P|^ ngo'-ie', my father ^cll 
 iu'-^s'ara, my father ^3^ A^ ^-a-fa' my 
 elder brother ^^^ JT hc-hing^ my 
 younger fcotcagi) brother '^» BB sAe'- 
 tai", my wife •^- ^^^ lo'-p'oh, flu A^ 
 noi'-yan, my house W^ ^S P^i' '^^j ™y 
 country njj \^A pai' fcmoi-, my surname 
 BS J^ tsin' siV.5r\ 
 
 Myriad (10,000), M man.\ 
 
 K 
 
 Nail, "Xt teng, (finger- &c.) QE) hap, -brush 
 
 ^g PP ^ dit-lcap-so\ 
 Name, 'JZ meng, your -JC^ Vjn, tai^-ho', pre- 
 
 name (polite form) -jt* 'Z yb/i^-meng, 
 
 family name Wf sing'. 
 Napkin, '^p, ffj ch'a-ian. 
 Native, ;^ ;^ ^jaji'-ti . 
 Near, jK* kan\ I5if>fjfi* fu'-kan'. 
 Nearly, Ea. jC* /sei'«;;-kan', ^B c/ian^, 3g 
 
 y^* ^^ ch'n-pal-toh. 
 Necessary, ^\ .ffi. pit-iii', -^ (t^> shi'-^jV. 
 Necktie, JgB i93k heng -tai''. 
 Needle, gft -0-r ngan'-..7((im. 
 
 Needlewoman, ^M\/^ ^^ po -sham-p'oh. 
 
 Needless, pg ^g 'm shai. 
 
 Neglect, ■y^ shat. 
 
 Neighbouriug, |^ ^ ICakAi. 
 
 Neither nor J^ X-% pat pai^ 
 
 P§-11 % P§ #' -^-^ 
 
 Net, ^ mong. 
 
 Never, jflp JK teare^ -mo, never mind Enf SB 
 
 tsau'-pa". 
 News, Sfr ^^ 5aa-man. 
 Newspaper, Sjj ^R ^f^ «<J»-inan-cfc''. 
 New year's day, |^> H aflj — ckir^g ut cA'oS 
 
 Night, ^ J|^ ye'-mau', at night ^ |^ 
 ^ ye~-man'-AaS:, by night ^ [|^ ye'- 
 fcaa, last night pp ^w tsok-y6\ 
 
 Night-dress, ^b ngjl] ^jt^ tin'-^/Sa'-sAam, night- 
 i^ap l^lj (|}g /an'-mo\ 
 
 Nine, t{j fraw'. 
 
 No, pS. /j*^ m hai". 
 
 Noise, ^3. "rt" sAiBj yim. 
 
 None, ^TT mo'. 
 
 Noon, ^t ^J aii'-cAau', JF T^ ching''-a^ , 
 
 North, :|[^ ^aft, (N.E, &c.) ^ :|[^ <««<?- 
 
 Nosegay, (a) gj^ :^ yai k'aa/a. 
 
 Not, pS. 'm, pj^ mai'. 
 
 N't but, 'jK Y0;'«' tan'. 
 
 Nothing, ^ -^ ^ md-mU-sd, ^ gi 
 
 mo' -ye' . 
 Now, ^ 4. ii-fca,», jfp ^ i-fca, ^ 0^ 
 in'-shi. 
 
NOW (19) PAS 
 
 Novrhere, /fj ^ ^ mo' jiin ch'il\ Orange, ;|^ oh'ang, (loose sldnned) j^ horn, 
 Now-a-days, jg- 7|^ kau^-loi. (snuiU smooth) ;ij^ Ut, j^ ^ Ut- 
 
 Nurse, ^ ^E| a'-ma, (wet-) ^jf^ ^f^ nai'- tsai . 
 
 "'"• Order, (iu order) ^ ^^A (s'-ic'-tsu*. 
 
 Original, ^fKpwi. 
 
 Ornament, (in a room) K^ SS uu'-Ai'. 
 Otherwise, B|J 4S pit-yeung". 
 
 Oar, 7W^ ^S cAi-feeimj' . Ounce, (Chinese) KJS ^eMjijr'. 
 
 Oblige, to (compel) ^g iam, fflS k'eung'. Our, 3^ttl-fftfg^ ngoh' -ti'-fe'. 
 
 Oblige me, ^|J]a^ wai' ha ngo', ^|^ Outside, ^\>^ ngor-pin\ :g ^[* [Jl| tso>' 
 
 y/^ paf-t'dk ui'. ngoi' ch'ut. 
 
 Obtsract, ||1 'f^ lau-chii\ Out of the way, ■fe j^ pHn-pHJc. 
 
 Occupation, (trade) alT ^& sImng-C. Outwards, 3^ _^K tsoi* ngoi\ 
 
 Ocean, ^^ y^ ]^ tai' yeung-Aoj'. Overtake, J^ ^|I ^ cAjm «o' loi. 
 
 Office, J^ "7*- JS se'-tsze'-fong, (Mandarin's) Owe, /yl? /jiW- 
 
 ^ P^ nga-mun. 
 Often, $f ^|EJ ''"' <"* »'■ P 
 
 Oil, yg yau. 
 
 Old, ^ lo', of old ^ g^ kau*-shi, 'S'H^ Pace, ^ po\ 
 
 sift-shi. Pacify, jW] H wo-sift, ^r"|x ""-cbii". 
 
 Once, 'PKyaiha', once more ^^ — tf K Pagoda, /jny J^ c/ij-('ap. 
 
 ^oA yai ha'. Pain, jj^ t%,%g. 
 
 One, — ■ yai, one by one, — • — — ' yat yat, one Painting, (a) (uS -jg" y«J: wa'. 
 
 another ;;X. JV ftoft yan, -^ ^^ tai' Pair, ^1' iMs*, "^g sheung. 
 
 ha, one and all — ■ Wj^ p'H' ^^ y^ y a< Palsy, Jgf )§S fung-f-oM . 
 
 ts'ai 4om' <oA yan, oneself H p, tsze'- Paper, *ff cAj'. 
 
 fe"'. Pardon, (I beg) pE- ^fe 'm-fcoi. 
 
 Only, H (a», :J|^ tuk, ^ tan\ ;;;^ J|^ Parents, ^C"^ f"'-mu', p^H Ieung'-fa',57.. 
 
 ^a« TiwoK. Parsee, Q §B Jv pak-t'au-yan. 
 
 Open, Ba Aoj, gg maft. Partition, OT^ (b^ pan'-cheung^. 
 
 Opium, /y"TKj a-p'in'. Pass, (to) iS ,T. fooo/t^ Aii\ 
 
 Opposite, ^Ij ffi iMi'-min", opposed to ^iH Pass, (mountain) fi [jj |lgj|j to' s/)an-hap. 
 
 nf seung-fan'. Passage boat, 1^ ISfi to'-shiin. 
 
PAS 
 
 (20) 
 
 POL 
 
 Paste, ^ j^ tseimy-a. 
 Pastry, ^ '0^ min'-shik. 
 
 ' peng -Mk, 
 
 Pawn-broker, S 
 
 pastry cook -^ -p.^ ^ /^ tso" peng'- 
 
 shik yan, ^"^^^ min>-sbik 
 
 sje-fu\ 
 
 f^ iong'-pV-lo . 
 Pawa-shop, g 4ffl tong^-p'o\ 
 Pay, j§ wan, -f^ i)i', pay rent |j^ ^ ^ 
 
 nap «so-ngan, pay off ^^a ^^n v/an-tsHng, 
 
 pay debts ^'[HiM^S ''™^ ^'"" """^ 
 t'sin. 
 Peaceably, ^ ^ oB-in. 
 Peck, (a) i|- <<i«'. 
 
 Pen, pencil, /j*^ ^^ chipiit, lead- ■^G'^ff «"- 
 ^a«, slate yQ^S shak-pal, -rest ^k3H 
 pat-ka , -cover ^a; rig] /j«M'ung, -cup 
 ^syr pdt-sMng, quill pen Sg^-^s 
 ngoh-mo-^iti. 
 Penknife, Tj vj- to-tsai . 
 People, 5^ i(^ pah-sing^, K^ K^ yan yan. 
 Pepper, /ffij ^t tsiu-mnt. 
 Perhaps, m> ■^' wak-cAe. 
 Permit, ^ yung. 
 Petticoat, ^"S kw'an. 
 Physician, ^M /Tt i-sliaaq. 
 Pick up, Eft ^^ ehap-hi . 
 Picture, ^S wa\ 
 
 Picul, 3lS ^nm'. 
 
 Pie, (pastry) ^ ^g min'-tioai. 
 
 Piece, ^faC, g^ fai. 
 
 Pig, ^^ cAii, (a) "S ^g c/ieft cA«. 
 
 Pilferer, — • ■&■ ^f- sam-chek-shau , /]% ^' 
 
 Pillow, ^ S^ cMm-t'au, -case ^ g^ ^ 
 
 cAaW -t'au-^o^. 
 Pilot, ^ y^ \^ taC-shui-lo. 
 Pin, ^ ^ t'au-cAam, ^^%\ *"'- 
 
 cli*ui-cAam. 
 Pincers, ^^ ^-|j- (S(-k'im. 
 Pmt, (a) ^-j- shing. 
 
 Pipe, -j^ t'ung, tobacco- ]f^ |^ ,-«-t'ung. 
 Pirate, '^S |^ Aoi'-ta'ak. 
 Pistol, ■^p' ^S shau 'Is^eung. 
 Pity, '1^ liu. 
 
 Placard, ^^S ^X-'^'"'''""^' V^'t^ hai-chiv.. 
 Place, ^ cA'« , J^^ ^''-fong, (to) ;^ c/uii. 
 Plaintiff and defendent, WH j(g leung tso'. 
 Plane, (tool) ^]\ p'au. 
 Plant, (a) B. ts'o , (to) ^S change. 
 Plate, (a) ^ tip, -^ ;^ chet tip. 
 Play, ^^it'/are'-taM', aplay Kg A»', to play 
 'W' |St tso'-Ai', -the organ, &c. Tg 
 om', -the guitar, &c. Cm t'an. 
 Please, gm is'eng , (as you) ^^J jcB ts'ui-pin\ 
 Pleased, g||^ /««-/«. 
 Pluck, (to) :j^ ^ chak loi. 
 Poach, (eggs) j|^ tshi. 
 Pocket, '^ ^^ i-toi\ 
 
 Poetry, gi «AJ, write or make verses 5^ gS 
 yam-sH. 
 
 Poison, 
 
 ^ 
 
 tuk. 
 
 Police, - f^ .Yw c7j'at-yik, (in Hongkong) IJ^ 
 
 ,^V luk-j (to. green clothes). 
 Police station, ^^ hW ch\ii-htn . 
 Politeness. 
 
 Poor, ^ k'ung. 
 
 lai -mau\ njffl ^m lai -sAo^. 
 
POR 
 
 (21) 
 
 QUI 
 
 Pork, ^1^ I'/iii-yuk. 
 
 Port-deanuioe, ^ 1^ ^ ^ shiin-fong'- 
 
 hang-cAs'. 
 
 Porter, (at a gate) ^M" r T j^> hcn-mnn-hmg. 
 
 Portuguese, |^ |3E J^ >Sai-yeung-yau. 
 
 Possibly, "pj L^ Ml -i , 3£ — ' man" -yo(. 
 
 Postage, 1= '^^ saw -teze. 
 
 Post-office, = 4^ iE^' pp shU'SWi'hun . 
 ' S IFI PP 
 
 Pot, ^ u. 
 
 Potatoe, !jnf ^ ^& Hoh-lan-shu, -^^ Y? 
 
 shii-isai . 
 Poiur out, ^ Cham, -^j |^ to'-ch'ut, ^ 
 
 lj\ chdm-ch'ut. 
 Powder, (medicine) ^M SnT yeuk-5a?i', (gun-) 
 
 _jA^^>A'-yeuk. 
 Prefer, ^ ^ ning-un\ j^j^, ts'ing-iin\ 
 Present, (at) ^& J-{^ in*-tsoi\ (to) i^fe »^"'y^ 
 Press between, MA 'IT kap-chii^. 
 Presume, Wf g i-om' ton^. 
 Pretty, ^ ||^ ko'-t'ai, ^ mi', (-well) ^ 
 
 Tt+- ^■i' ho . 
 Prevent, [)h /T-p choh' -elm*. 
 Price, 'f's ^^ ^«"-ts'in, T^ ftti^. 
 Priest, (Bud.) 5j^tp^ wo-sheung\ (Tau.) ^ 
 
 -r to"-sze\ 
 Printer Pn -^ yv »/iSra"-tsze'-yan. 
 Printing office, Pf] -Hp Eg yaa'-tsze'-ftKre', 
 Prison, ^S ^^ fom-fong. 
 Procession, (idolatrous) m i^ cA'M(-yau. 
 Proclamation, (a) •^- ^Tj io'-shi\ to issue a 
 
 proclamation Hj'^'TTC "^'"^ fo"-slii\ 
 Profit, ^-Ij ^ li--pJ (to) 1^ chan\ ^J U\ 
 Promise, /@SK yiji^-shing, i§g4- ying-hit . 
 
 ■ wa 
 
 Pronounce, (as a tone) gS" ' 
 
 Province, -^ shang, provincial city, ^^ 'mi 
 
 shang -shing.. 
 Pull, (on) j^ 'p^ cA'e'-chii', pull, an oar, ifi 
 
 cliau\ 
 Punish, ""^^ ^ chi'-t8ui\ 
 Punkah, ^ fM fmg-shin'. 
 
 Purse, 1^ )ffL ^ m-p'eng-toi\ 
 Pursue, ^@ ^fi kou -h% . 
 Push, (away) Jg .^^ t'ui-hv! . 
 
 chai, -on ^J cheuk, (put away) 0-^ ^fij 
 «iaa-mai, |^|E J^^as -mai, put by ^|J 
 ^™ shing' ^ara. 
 
 
 
 Quality, ^S ((m^, best ^g J^ cAj" sheung\ 
 good _L^^ sheung'-Mn^', medium ptf 
 ^j: dvmrj-tang'^ low ~J>^^ La'-^aK^. 
 
 Qiiarrel,'^B-Siin changAvoi'. 
 
 Qaarry, ^g ^.A. tsok shek. 
 
 Quarter, (a) ^ ^ ;^ • sze- fan' a j yat, 
 
 '"^ yatMc, (of an hour) ^^ |^ 
 
 ^ • 'ffl iim chung chi yat IcoJc. 
 
 Queen, ^3 jS: wong-hau'. 
 
 Question, RH man\ 
 
 Quick, *^>A /^'^/aiV>i\ -^rl0^ 
 fai'-ti. 
 
 Quite, • Uj yat t'un, 5^ saJ\ (not quite) 
 
 ^ (ifi^ char.g-ti. 
 
RAD 
 
 (2^) 
 
 EOO 
 
 E 
 
 Eadicals, '^ ^ tsze' po', ^ "Ht tsze' mu'. 
 Rag, ^ ^ffi pv'-sui', He '{ffi flj sap-sui- 
 
 po'. 
 ■^'''"> PM "i ('") 'j^Pf3 ^o''^') (-water) BjS 
 
 Rainbow, T^ iJnQ <'jft-hung. 
 
 Rat, ^3^ shu . 
 
 Rather, ^H ^'o//, had rather ^a (^ ning- 
 
 un\ 
 Rattan, Vy ^S sAa-ta'ng 
 Razor, m\\ Tj t'ai>-to. 
 Reach, ^ ^jj o-<o\ ^ gj sAte-to\ 
 Read, Ss tuk, (in silence) H^'ff *'«»" chii\ 
 Ready, ^E 'T^a ts'ai-pi\ 
 Really, ^y shat, 11 ping\ 
 Receipt, Iw Bp shau-tan. 
 Receipt, to give a BhIIv HH. Aoi sAajj-fajj. 
 Recently, jfr 5n ^^''^-^"h JAl 3 kan'-yat. 
 Reckon up, Sy ^^ iai Ai' . 
 Records, (office) ^S Bg ore'-tuk. 
 Eed, j^ hung. 
 
 Reflect, j§,<^ sse-senng, i^B'ff /Oii'-chii". 
 Refuse, J^ JjJ t'ui-h'euk. 
 Regardmg, ^^ jj^ M-v,. 
 Regularly, *^ J^ sheung-shi. 
 Release, ^S Ift shilc-fong'. 
 Remainder, ^3 SlJ yau' sliing\ 
 Remember, gR -fa W-lak. 
 Remove, (put away) ^fe ■^» ch'ii-4S', (entire- 
 ly) j^ Jp ch'u-i'erf. 
 
 Eent, ^ ^ «so-ngan, to pay, ^j^ |g_ '^ 
 
 nap iso-ngan. 
 Repair, l^^g sau-ching , '^^^ tJIA' P° '^''' • 
 Require, (to want) ^. aw*, Ifltt ^Aaa . 
 Resist, ^m' i^ tai -tong . 
 Respect, (to) Sff T® Ling'-sik, with respect to 
 
 1^ :S Inn^-k'ap. 
 Rest, ^ si/-, to rest from ^*'ff '«' chU', 
 Retain, ^ ^ lau-/ara. 
 Return, ^^fan-ha:, ^^>'i-loi 
 Return home, ^3 ^jf- ^S fan-hn-kwai. 
 Revive, a|M 0^yan-sAa«jf. 
 Revolver, -^ [3 ^B^H luk-Aai('-Un-<s'«is»^, 
 Reward, (to) sT S to' sheung . 
 Rheumatism, ffl[ V^ fung-shap. 
 Rice, (boiled) 'g^ fan\ 
 Rich, BT ;t ts'oi-c/jii'. 
 Riches, HT ^3 ts'oi-pak. 
 Ride, (a horse) ,^ ^|| k'i ma. 
 Right, nS- cheuk, (side) 'Jb ^g yan"-pin'. 
 Ruig, ]^3 wan, (ear-) H. ]^g i'-wan, (finger) 
 
 IJV •m kai'-chi , (to ring a bell) •tt'l^S 
 
 to cliung. 
 Riot, ray JK nau'-sze^, i-^ ml i«o4-lun\ 
 Rise, jK /jj'. 
 River, jST hoh, ' ?^ fcoajr. 
 Road, 1^ ^ t'iu lo\ 
 Roast, '1^5 sAzM. 
 Robber, ^ g| ts'ak-/. 
 Rook, ^S ^S p'un-shek. 
 Rod, (a measure) '^T cheung'. 
 Roll, (up) 1^;^ ^S^'-mai, ^^ M«'-A.', 
 
ROP (2S) SEP 
 
 Room, jfE- fong, j»nl }j ti'-fong. Scheme, 3+ =lff ias'-mau, to scheme Qj ^T 
 
 Rope, ^^M shmg, of a sail 2^ 'rr J^? lut tai' cA'w( Aas'. 
 
 Uu» Scholar, i^* /p hok-sAiSrej, ^§1 ^^ hok-c/ie' . 
 
 Row, (to) 7® 3K c'"»»'-'oi, is, 9^ cbau'- School, :S> ^& skil-kuto. 
 
 Rub, ^M moh. [teeajj/. Scissors, ^r H|J kau^-tsiu. 
 
 Rudder, EHTt'ai', Screen, (a) 1^ cAe, firescreen f^ i^ /"'«'- 
 
 Enle, (carpenter's) )-3 cA'ei. che, folding screen ^l^^fc wai-p'ing. 
 
 Run, jp ^B tsau-hi J ^: ^^ tsau -hu , run Screw, E^ y^K '''^"*^*' 
 
 after jB ^|J cimi-to', run away, 1^ Screw-driver, ^§ ^S iS. loli-sse-ning\ 
 
 pi\ Sea, J?© Aoj'. 
 
 Sea-sickness, '^^ y^ wan-long\ 
 
 J5 Seal, (to) ^f •^F /MB^-chii'. 
 
 Sealing-wax, ^'ijM-foh'-ls'at, (wax) »/^'^^ 
 Saddle, j|6 Jwf ma -o»i. ffjfoh!-t$'at-i/a.n\ 
 
 Safe, ^S |i§- wan' lot. Search, 5fc ch'a, search for ^o. ts'am. 
 
 Sail, ijjffl li', (to) ,i^ sm, (set-) ^ ^ Aoi"- Seat ^ tso\ to be seated in ^ ^ tso' 
 
 sMto, :;^l|jgc/i'e' U'. to. 
 
 Sailor, -iv^ ^' shut -sliau . Secondly. ~^. .^1^ i'-loi. 
 
 Salary, ^ f^fung -\ak, ^ ^ san-shui . Secretly, ^ ^ qglj sse sze li, ||}U f^ P^ 
 Salt, PS im, (salted) m/ ham. «'au t'au ti. 
 
 Satin, VS IjW )6S *'"'''^''' ""'"'• Secure, (guaranted) '^Ki"''- 
 
 Sauoe-pan, ySC*xksTiui-po. Security, ^f^^^tam-po, '^^^ pau-kun . 
 
 Sausage, ^^ cAft-ch'eung, (force-meat) Sedan-chair, J^^ faV-kiu', ^^ shing- 
 
 0^ %, yuk-iin. kiu\ 
 
 Save (put by) ^j shing". See, ^ Hn\ ||^ ^ i'm iia\ 
 
 Saw, iPj^SiKj'-^*'- Seize, ;ffi cAm*, seize upon ^^'ff ^ai-chii". 
 
 Say, ^£ wa\ Self, g ^ tsze'-;[;»', g^ kz. 
 
 Scaffold, 1^ p'ang. Sell, J mai\ 
 
 Scales, (for weighing) jf^ ^JJ pa-tang, y^ Send, ^J .^ ii'-Aij', (a person) ^^ sung'', 
 
 2ji i'JB-p'ing, money scales W. St li- :jj ^^ td-fat, "ffl^ sAo«', transmit ^^f 
 
 Scarcely, -j^ ^.aV. Separate, ^|J ^ pit-Ao!, ^ ^ Ja„.-hoi, 
 Scent, ^; AettBjr. Separately [^ RH ^-ak-hoi. 
 
SET 
 
 (24) 
 
 S<JA 
 
 Set out, rfeB i^^ Ai'-ch'iug. 
 
 Seven, -Ar^ is^at. 
 
 Several, ^ -f|g ,i;i' ioA*. 
 
 'Sbw, ^w liin. 
 
 Shallow, ySi ts'm. 
 
 Shave, ffi|] ^'aT. 
 
 Shaving brush, yQ'C H^i 1W s/m-man'-so\ 
 
 She, he, or it, 'fE k'ii'. 
 
 Sheet, (ofahed) ^5 Ba. p'i'-«a>i, of (paper) 
 
 &^ cheuiig, 
 Sl].;ll-fish, jfiQ '^^ ;jaM-u. 
 Ship, ^ shiin. 
 Shirt, »/•+■ a^ hon^-sAam, 
 Shoe, Sfe hai, (pair of shoes) ^Cf ^^ tut hai. 
 Shoe brush ^± f^ hai-so\ 
 Shoemaker, '^ ^, |§||j '^ '^o' ^^^i »««-f"'- 
 Shoot burds, J^ *g ta tseuk. 
 Shop, 'SJH g^i)'o'-t'au, r^ hV. 
 Shopkeeper, ^^ ^ p'o'-ka, ^ ^ j)'o'- 
 
 Short, ^^ iaii'. 
 Shovel, q|Rh ch^oi . 
 
 Show, >(^ Pj^^i' Caz-'. 
 
 Shower, RJJ^H cban'-ii'. 
 
 Shrimp, 3|R7 /;a,. 
 
 Shut, (up) PS f^ shan-md, i^ffiffl inj'-mai, 
 
 (-eye) ^ j^ mi-mai. 
 Sickness, ^R peng\ 
 Side, 4pjj ^& chah-pin. 
 Sign, (one's name) -^ ^^ fa'jm-meng. 
 Signboard ;^2 ^m, chiu-^'ai. 
 Silk, (material) ^6 sze, Canton raw silk -|-» 
 
 thread jjS ^S sze-siti', satin 
 A«j floss ^|WF yung. 
 
 mm 
 
 «e-tiin\ crape *^ ^^ isau-sha, gauze 
 
 Silver, ^^ ugan, silversmith g HrR H^ sAau' 
 sA!i:-tseung\ ^J" ^g ^f[j -^ «a' ngan 
 
 53e-fu\ 
 
 Since, E[ ;?/£ tsz'-ts'ung, ( — seeing that) ffiU 
 wC ki'-in, short time since ^K -yV pat- 
 hau , long since jM- •yV Ao' ftau' . 
 
 Six, "^ luk. 
 
 Skip, ^1 lai. 
 
 Sky, ^ ^'jK. 
 
 Slate, yf-i Rtrj shek-^cin'. 
 
 Sleep, B^||/™\ sleep upon ^|^^| minV. 
 
 Sleepy, BR Kjll ngan-/a»>. 
 
 Slippers, g^ ^^ shui'-hai. 
 
 Slop-basin, ^ ^^ ch'a-i/a'. 
 
 Slowly, 'I'^'j'sj man'-man\ 
 
 Small, ^0 sa8>, yj> siu, ^ isai. 
 
 Small-pox, Hj ^^ cA'ui; tau\ 
 
 Smart, fj^^'fi^tai-shau' ke\ 
 
 Smell, ^Q man. 
 
 Smoke, (to, tobacco &o.) ^^i/jRI shik-ia. 
 
 Snake, (a) ^ ^*^ t'iu-she. 
 
 Sneeze, ^ifilT^ ta -hat-ch'i. 
 
 Si'uff, ^jJli Pi^-i«, snuffbox ^ijljg ^ 
 
 pi^-/tt-hop. 
 Snuffers ^j^ ij^ "M lap-cAai-faJM'. 
 So, p|j" iom', (in kind) J^ iom', (so and so) 
 
 -^; ^^ mau'-mau', (so forth) -y^ ■tt" 
 
 wan-wSn. 
 Soak, j^jf, nam'. 
 
SoA 
 
 (25) 
 
 N n; 
 
 S.iuiin;, (a tool) [J^ ^ A«i-..'li'uk, 
 
 Squintmg, ^^ jjjg, flj^ ch'e'-6hV-,r-,m'. 
 
 Stairs, JiM j^ lau-('(B. 
 
 Stammering, siTtr ^p iia'-nga. 
 
 Stand, (up) ^E ^ M'-shuu, /^ ^ k'i'- 
 
 Star, ^ , 
 
 tHn-sing, 
 
 Socks, YljJ; SP mat-t'au. 
 
 Soda-water, ?m w^ Tl'C lioli-lan-sA«( . 
 
 Sofa, ^^ ^^ slmi"-i'. 
 
 Soldier, .^C J plmi'tlmi. 
 
 ■Somobody, one K yan, ^H /V yau' yau. 
 
 Sometimes, ^^ pi yau'-shi. 
 
 Son, -?- feie', T? i'scii', (your) -(^ Hh ling'- Starch, ^^33^ ma.\ -is<mi,Q. 
 
 long^ (my) >j> 5?, «™ -i. Stay, (to) ^E (are^', /tt cliu". 
 
 Soon, as soon as '^^ yat-Hng, ^P^''^?; Steal, ^gij s'aw. 
 
 "raPp' '1^ yau' lonijai iiii /Mtn'fa!^, Steamer, y^ ^ffifyoi'-shiin 
 
 no sooner, • t3^ yat kin^^ 
 
 Sort, ;j^ yeung'. 
 
 Soup, i^^ i^onffj ladle i^f h:|^ t^ong-hoh. 
 
 South, [^ nam, (S.E. &c.) "^^M Cwn^z-uam. 
 
 Sow, (a) ^(^c/ni-«a'. 
 
 Spain, g ^ Lii'-.T/,,,/, Spaniard § ^^ 
 
 Lii'-Sijiip' yan. 
 Speak, ^S kong , 
 Spectacles, HR ^a ngan'-fcnj?'. 
 
 Steelyard, tW ;^S pa-ch'inr/^ (money-) ^^ 
 
 Steer, (to) f^J)^ cha-t'«.i', ^^^J.^ /'</-t'ai', 
 & M sa» -t'ai'. 
 
 Step, 'fy hang, (in a stair) ^ | 
 
 k'ap. 
 Stew, (to) 1^ ui'. 
 
 Stick, (a)^:jff^;„-fc.„. 
 Stick up, (a placard) HA <'/p. 
 
 fcrti- 
 
 Spectacles, one who wears UVl ^^ f^ s.-e'- Still, (quiet) ^m^ff; tshir/' -kin::^'. 
 
 ta -siin}. 
 
 ngan-fo . 
 Speculation, 7f\ 
 Spider, ^ 4M k'am-lo. 
 Spider's web, ^S 9^^ ^^H k'am-lo-moug' . 
 Spirit, jjjlj) shan. 
 Spoil, ^g ^^ c/iJKj' wai'. 
 Sponge, -f^ yg shm-p'd . 
 Spoon, -W^ ^S sVi-kcmg. 
 Sprain, J^^tum, (to) Jm.^s- ««V-clieuk. 
 Square, 'y^ .A»7. 
 
 Stir, (to) iS- ^S liaii -hi'. 
 
 Stirrup, ,^ g|f ||| ma'-tap-M«5-\ 
 
 Stone, jif-f shek. 
 
 Stop, (to) ^ i'ewft, (up) ^ ^ srt/.-chu', 
 
 ^ Pg. pa'-?oft, (obstruct) |^ |^ lan- 
 
 chii'. 
 Store, (away) K* /fe cA'ti'-chiiV 
 Storm, ^^ tai'-/««^, JH,Mi/««i7-ku<. 
 Story, (tale) :^fJ/«-wa', PgiE^P|| 
 
 g^ 'ra chinf^ Itlng Jce^ wa\ 
 
 Square an account (to), M-&B M *'''"' chmmf- Stove bed, jKj] 13? Afw^-cli'ong, 
 
 muk. 
 
 Strret, m hd. 
 
ST]< 
 
 (26) 
 
 TEA 
 
 -ifc 
 
 shiX- 
 
 pak- 
 
 Strike, ^ ta'. 
 
 String, jm shiDg, H; sm\ 
 
 Stroke, (line) - ^ - wak. 
 
 Strong, ^B yl yau'-lik, (as tobacco) 
 hang^, (as tea &;o.) vS yung. 
 
 Study, (to) 3S ^£ tuk-sAii, (a) ^•. JS 
 fong. 
 
 Style, ^ Jg man-li'. 
 
 Such, |)^ ^S kom -yeaag^. 
 
 Sudden, pi Jm pak-chong'. 
 
 Suddenly, ^,^fcU-m. 
 
 Sufficient, WQf fcaw*. 
 
 Sugar, Jpg t'ong, white do. Q jiffi 
 t'ong. 
 
 Suit, (to) -^y hop, ftg- ngam. 
 
 Sun, H y^*) H fiW yat-t'au. 
 
 Sunshine, H IJJg yat sai^. 
 
 Supper, Jg^ ^^ man'-te'o». 
 Suppose, Tg fta'. 
 
 Suppose that, pj^ ^p ;)» -ii, 'pj ^ t^mg- 
 yeuk, (a particle at the end of a sentence 
 signifying doubt) |^g ai. 
 Sure, to be *|I -^ |B chi tiik chaii. 
 Surgeon, ^h^U-^^fc ngoi';/u^-t-sAa«.^. 
 Surname, jtt sing^. 
 
 Surprising (to be surprised,) Qj -jji* c/j'i^^-k'i. 
 Swear, ^* JS shai'-iin". 
 Sweep, ;^5 so", -clean Jffi 
 
 tseng'. 
 Swollen, jlS clmiig' . 
 Sword, ^J i»V. 
 '^J''^^^) ^St ^ man-Dgan, 
 
 so' io)!- 
 
 T 
 
 Table, BB Q cheung-t'oi. 
 
 Table boy, S^-ff sze'-feoi', frf T? shi'-^sa/. 
 
 Table cloth, j>^ 'jfj t'oi-po'. 
 
 Table mat, ^^ ^^ tip-tin'. 
 
 Table napkin, Js. [Tj ch'a-fen. 
 
 Tack, (in sailing) ij^ ^^ i'aM-p'ung, 
 
 Tael, p^ kung. 
 
 Tailor, ^J J^i ts'oi-fiing. 
 
 Take, J^, King, (with the finger and thum6)i 
 
 Take away, ;^. -J- nim-hii^. 
 
 Take care, /K /\|J^ siu-sdm. 
 
 Take off, ^ ch'ii. 
 
 Talk, ^fo«j', fjwa'. 
 
 Tanka, ^^ ^ tan"-fta. 
 
 Tanka boat, — - Jjw sam-paii'. 
 
 Tariff, ^|J -^ toai-lai\ 
 
 Taste, ^ ^ mi'-to', (to) ^ sheung. 
 
 Tax, ^@ jg ts'in-leung, S^^^ shui-ngs.n. 
 
 Tea, ^t oh'a, gunpowder tea ^Tjfit W, c/«- 
 c/»M-oh'a, imperial tea [M| fit 2S iin- 
 cA«-ch'a, caper tea ]^ ^ ;:S^ c/i«-lan- 
 ch'a, black tea K ^ Aai-ch'a, su- 
 chong tea y>K y^g sin-cknng', pekoe tea 
 pf ^ pak-ho, green tea j^ ^t luk- 
 ch'a, hyson tea j£ ^ cAi)i(;r<-ch'a. 
 
 Tea-cup, ^ :jj^ cfa'a-jjaj, (large) ^ ^ 
 ch*a-c/mwj. 
 
 Tea-pot, ^t ^^ ch'a-u. 
 
 Teapoys, ^^ i^ ch'a-Si 
 
TEA 
 
 IWs ch'a-lau\ 
 
 (27) 
 
 TOO 
 
 Tea-strainer, 
 
 Teach, ^JT fcit'. 
 
 Tear, (to) ^^ 1^ s!e-p'oh\ 
 
 Telescope, ^ J^ ^^ tsHn-li'-]eerig\ 
 
 ''■*''' fS' "^^'' fSf j^ ^^' ''^"^i 
 
 (order) ftJj. kiu\ 
 
 Temple, J|| miu'. 
 
 Ten, ■+' ehap, ten cent piece §f "T* ho-fcse. 
 
 Than, j||^ ^ kwoh'-ii, ^ «. 
 
 Thanks, HI- tse', ^ ||j^ ioA-tse', Pg- ^ 
 
 'm-ftoa. 
 Ttat, Bg]^ ftoA'-ft<,a«, ^ fcoA', ■(@q§{) Tight, ^ &'. 
 
 *oA'-«i TUe, ^ nga'. 
 
 Then, ^ /om^, (afterwards) ^ ^ in-hau', Till, ^S iam/. 
 
 Thousand, ^^ is'm. 
 
 Thread, J|^ jisV. 
 
 Three, — sam. 
 
 Through, ^ffl <'«n,j. 
 
 Throw, |g| p'ek, (away) j^^ p'ek-te\ 
 
 Thunder, ^' lui, ^/^ lui-ftm^. 
 
 Tide, j^ 7|C ch'iu-s/mj', head tide ^ ;;»J^ 
 
 y\\z.-sJmi . 
 Tie, (to) ^ po7iff, ^ /^ poK(/'-ctii', (a 
 
 knot) ^ ^, 1^, to'-*»<, {lit). 
 Tiffin, ^p^P a'n}-c!iau\ /jj^'^t sist'-shik. 
 
 Time, gSJp Shi, (set) ^ k'i, (hour) ^^ ^ 
 
 tim -chung. 
 Times, (occasions) |lK ha', [m ui, ^^ ts'ze\ 
 
 ^ wan, (this time) OH Hffl ni-chiin. 
 Tinsmith, •jT'£OTpt|j '}=? '"'' *^^' s^e-fii". 
 To, Jl^ 1cwoh\ i^ mai, ^ tei", |^ t'ung. 
 Tobacco, lj(Q imf; in-peng". 
 To-day, -i^ M ftam-yat. 
 Together with, ^^. lin. 
 Tomorrow, |g ^ <'era^-yat, ^ Q mfng- 
 
 yat, day after ;^& Q hau'-yat. 
 Tone, "S^ ^«ff*y ^^ sking. 
 Tongs, _«^^>A'-k'im. 
 Think, ^^^«se-seMm/, (guess) ig ia', (ony To-night, ^^ Jj^ iam-man', -4» -^ kdm- 
 
 7^ ^ seung'-ki'. 
 
 ^ tsauV 
 Thence, OCT ||jm ^g yau ioh'-ch'u*. 
 There, jg ^ foA'-cA'S', -j^ ^^jm-cA'S'. 
 Thereopon, ChF tsau*. 
 Therefore, j5fj^ sAoA'-i'. 
 Thermometer, ^E ^^ -^J* hon-sAs'-cAom. 
 These, ^ |^ sii-is. 
 Ttey, fg4^ k'u -ti'. 
 TWef, ^^ ts'ak-?o', ggg ts'ak-/, ^ 
 
 T^ ts'ak-foaa , — - 'l^p -^p* sam-chek- 
 
 shau , 
 Thimble, ^n" XS chdm-ting. 
 Thing, ^ ft- mat-kin', ffii ye'. 
 
 Thirst, ^j?^ ieng'-het, thirsty pj jJ^ Aaa- 
 This, ^/^'(Q ni-ioA', these ^ ll^^ '»-*'- 
 
 Those. 
 
 i-ti. 
 
 ye. 
 Too, )j^ II tooA'-t'au, :^ n^ (dft-tsai', 
 
 (also) ^ ««. 
 Tool, g^^ Ai--ku', tool chest, ^ g^ || 
 
 <%-A»'-i'eMn.^. 
 
TOO 
 
 (28) 
 
 U'l E 
 
 Tooth-brush, ^ ^|j iig;vs/i,i(. 
 
 Tootli-iiii-'k, ^"-^ iig;i-/s'<m. 
 
 Tooth-powder, ^' fij^ nga-y'aj, tooth-hox ^F 
 
 l^^"Sa-/"i-hop. 
 l\,in, ^T lit-liu'. 
 'i'uiK-b, ilt ^i»t\ ^ MoA, p^] '«"'. 
 Towards, [ffl heuny^. 
 Towel, ^f|l miii'-ftij«, 
 Town, (walled) ^^ sliing. 
 Translate, J^g Sjg Jim-ylk. 
 Travd, by land ^J^^ '"' lo" '''''• 
 Traveled, ^^ ;^P||i£ s:,^-hoi -ke\. 
 Tree, (a)^|^i>'o7j-shu>. 
 Troops, -^C -4- phif/sze^. 
 Trouble, ^ ^ fan-lo, (to) y_g, wan\ '^ 
 
 fan, (I will— you) ^ 'J^ <o/i-fan. 
 rrnuscr, ^||^t'iu->\ 
 True, is. '^^'^''^:-^m shat. 
 
 ■^■■y' 1^ PT* ^''"■'-'''''' ^ -^ 1^ ■^''"''■'""- 
 
 "^"1^. :^ il mult-p'un. 
 
 Tumbler, (gla..-) ^ J^ :{>^ pol<-\[-,>,.l, ^ 
 
 -^shu-piii. 
 Turn out, '^(hH f"'-cl,'>it, turn owv j'J ^ 
 
 Turns, ^ '^ lun-la„. 
 
 Turtle, f|) ;^^ fc ,./c-u. 
 Twelve, -|-" ^ shfip-iV 
 Twenty, '. —r^ i'-^laip 
 
 Two, 21 i\ RS 1c""s'- 
 
 u 
 
 Ulcer, j^ ///m-/. 
 
 Umbrella, j^'^ 1"^' -> ''•■■ [fu'. 
 
 L'lubrella maker, '^ ^ ^llj 'j^ ^w' «''« »-'«- 
 
 Umbrella stand, <^ ^ c/,c-fty\ 
 
 Uncertain, pE. i-^ ^^j^ 'm-Mi-ting', ^3C /^ 
 
 Understand, |^g /«'«', BH Q ming-pak. 
 
 Undeserved, flff. '^^ mo shat. 
 
 Unimportant, ^E 4^ d;H ^f- mo'-z/'fiz-wunf/- 
 
 ft.i/).. 
 Unitedly, -^ ^g hop-mai. 
 Unless, ^ ;y; yeuh-,nW, ^ ^^ chHi-Ji. 
 Unlimited, ^tT KK mo'-han\ 
 Unsafe, P§- ^ ^ '^ chu-t„\ 
 Unsuitable, pE. ||^ 'm-fuk. 
 Until now, .^B -^ FI cAT-Ww-yat. 
 Unwell, pEg_^,„ts.eMn, pa §f^^ 
 
 'm-s/i'ft-fuk. 
 Upon, ;Sp tsol\ 
 
 uprioht, (just) J£ jI; r/,;«r/.ehik, ^g, yg 
 
 'i-^t. (to) tr 1^1 '"■-"'' • 
 
 Upside down, (tn turn) |g( ij^ to -cli ;: ,,' , W^ 
 ^ JS ± l# ,/;'-«-c/'K«'-'-'-she„„g.' 
 Upstairs, Jim J" lau-shcung\ [lai. 
 
 Upwards, ■ /f' p tsoi'-sheung\ 
 Use, ^shni, ^ yung'. 
 Useless, :fj j^ a*^ mo'-yuug'-ftf\ :f] ^ 
 
 )tI {^ mo'-m«^yung'-(/('«\ 
 I! tonsil, :^J]l£'"'-m'"g'- 
 
VAl. 
 
 (2;)) 
 
 WE A 
 
 W.lk, (to) fj Imno, fj ^ l,nu:;-lo\ fj 
 
 Wall, )g ts'eung. 
 Wampee, ggr ly wong-p'i. 
 Want, ^2. zV, ^& of. 
 Ware, ^ Ai\ ;g^^ /ii'-yung\ 
 Warm, |J^ niln', ^g ly^ cJmiff niin'. 
 Very, ^J "g shat-shan', -t-* ^^ sliap-/fi)i., Wash, |^ saj', (tlie hands) f^^" sai' -shan' . 
 
 Valley, jjj ^ sAbb-J:/;/;. 
 Value, IS j® shat-frrt\ 
 \'oal, ^-i-'lT 1^ ngau-(sa!-yuk. 
 Vc£;etable, ^P; to'or. 
 
 itf Ao', g sham\ ;^ kik, ^ ^--r 
 ■\'iceroy, *lll ^- tsunff -It'K 
 Vktoiy, -^ ^ ta'-yeng. 
 
 Victuals, jjj^ ^/oA'-shik. 
 
 Vile 
 Villi 
 
 hewing. 
 Villain, tPC \!jf K^ kan-Ttau'-yan. 
 
 Washerman, /yt iXflRyv v.ij'-i-fuk-yan. 
 Wash-stand, ^h /^ 23 min'-p'un-fta\ 
 chin- Waste, (to) )& fai'. 
 
 Watch, (at night) Jff S»,?y. 
 
 Watch, (a time piece) [ji; f^ (^ shi-shan- 
 
 illage, (a) j^^fej* t'iu-<s';ire, ^^f[5 '"'"-n- Watch chain, ^^ 7"'«-liii\ 
 
 Watch key, ^^ ;^ piw-shi. 
 Watchman, J| |^ ;«»,^-lin', ^ || f^ 
 
 Iion-kang-lo . 
 Watchmaker, ^g j^ fijfi "ffi chuiij ■piii-s:e- 
 
 Water, -J^ sliui . 
 
 Water-fall, ^i^^ to'-slmi'-hing . 
 
 Wave, vH long'. 
 
 Wax, ^iP^ lap, (white) Q [^ pak-lap. 
 
 Way, jg ^ to'-lo', ^ 1^ /owi-T/ai, (get 
 
 out of the-) -fT'Hg hang-Aoi. 
 ^'^' ^ ^ ngoh'-ti\ 
 Wages, ^J2 ^§ ft«.;j(7-ts'in, Jy "f yan-hmg. Weak, ffl^ 3m iin'-yeuk, (watery) y^ tam\ 
 
 Vinegar, fflff fe'o\ 
 
 Violent, ;^ te'o. 
 
 Visit, :^ ^ t'am'-ftm'. 
 
 Visiting-card, ^E Ittjj pai-l'ip. 
 
 Visiting-case, ^6 |bj^ '^ paiWip-hoi^. 
 
 Vomit, B^ pj;^ aw'-i'o*. 
 
 w 
 
 Wafer, ^ '^0 ^/o7j'-<s'a<-2^'i«,\ 
 
 Wealthy, ;^ ^ P^ yau' ts'in ke\ 
 Wear, fiU toi', ^n cheut. 
 
 Waistcoat, ^^ yO^S put'-sam. 
 Wait, -^S fejjiy', ^SjjK tdng' -hsi . 
 Waiter, for cups &o. :^ ^S «'oi-p'un, small Weather, ^ ^ <'«i-7i»\ (hot) ^ gi ifc 
 
 waiter, ,S m^ ch'a-p'un. ('wi-shi-it. 
 
 Waken, HM- 1|^ tiu'-scg. Weatlier-oock, ^ |= J^,/'"«.'y-s«rt'-k'i. 
 
WEA (30) WOR 
 
 Weave, |^ cUk, weaver, ^ ^ f^ i'i- Whole, — ' ||| yat-tsmig', Jt kung', Pj^ 
 
 fong-Zo'. ^Jtt^ ham'-pang'-lang\ 
 
 Weed, (to) ^ wan. Whose? ^Jl^^PlJ^iJiJi-W*' yan &? -^ 
 
 Week, H ^ lai'-^»\ :5fc 1S )ll ^ ^"' fi "^ ™'*'-''^™ ^"^ ' 
 
 fo/t^ lai'-|)ai\ Why ? (what business ?) ^^ 'h wai'-ma* ? 
 
 Weigh, ^ cA'm/- ^ -^ 1^ wai^-ma<-ye' ? jg ^ wai'- 
 
 Weights, ^ ^^ /at-ma!, ^ p.E^ t'ung- hoh? 
 
 ma. Wife, -^ ^ lo'-p'oh, (my) p3 J^ noi'- 
 
 Weight (gross), ^ ^J mo-ohuug\ weight (net) yan, 3q ^^ noi'-sAaf, (your) -^ A 
 
 ^& ^B* tsing^-ohung\ yk-yan, -^^ jjj-^ ling'-c^ira^'. 
 
 Well, (a) it tseng. Willing, a hang Fpl ^^ chung-i\ 
 
 Well, fi ^ tsz'-in, to be well, ?& >\]2' V^^' Willingly, -!+■ ;y]^ Icom-sdm. 
 
 sam, pretty well ^&'VY ^^ ''"'' '^'*' ^^'^ Willow, mH iSf lau'-shil\ 
 
 (adverb) QS. ^^ 'm cheuk. Win, (a battle) i^ ^S ia'-yeng. 
 
 Well informed, jj^ ^ ;)oMara'. Wind, (the) ^fmg, 
 
 West, gg sai Window, ^ cJi'eung, ^ p*^ cS'eunj-man. 
 
 Wet, "^ s^sop. Wine, vg tsau . 
 
 ' its** " • 
 
 What? Jj^ mdt, ^ ^ mai-ye ? (mea) J^ Wine glass vg ^ tsan'-pui. 
 
 fflE '''"'''' ''^''j ^-^"^^ many 'fej' With, 13 Jffl t'ung-mai. 
 
 ho, ^& ^ . Within, J& 5g lui'-t'au, yf£j m tsoi'-noi\ 
 
 When? ^^ B^ ii'-shi. Without, ^V, gg ngoi^-t'au (wanting), A'\ 
 
 When, ^I^B^ koW-s\a, g tong. mo'. 
 
 Whence? ^^^ yaui)8«-cA'tt'? ^j^ Witness, (a) gjE ^ cAJ»/-yan. 
 
 pin-eh'u"? Woman, '^ /\^ nui'-yan. 
 
 Where ? ^ ^ pin-di'a- 1 ^ [T [t pJa-ha ? Wonder (at) }jj ^ c/»'«<-k'i. 
 
 /(n)")^ho-cA'-ii~? Woollen cloth, ^ ni, /]>> ^)^^ «V-ni- 
 Wherefore? '^ -|^ ^ wai^-maC-ye'. yung. 
 
 Wliioh ? ^ Jlg pm-Mj' ? Word, gg- wa\ ^ :^ ||!^ io7s'-tsze'-ngan'. 
 
 Whilst, — -"^ yat-mm\ Work, ^31 to'-fam^, (in) ^fj^ to'-Ai'. 
 
 Whip, (to) 1^ ^ 2)m-«a'. World, [/^ '/^ sze'-Aoi, ^^ «'jjs-ha\ 
 
 Whither? ^ll|0 ^ t^oi' lcoTi-ch'u\ Worry, )^ ^^^ m>-muu>. 
 
 White, Q -^ ^ak-sUk. Worst, ^ ^ cii'-oi, J| ^ ifo^r-oJ. 
 
 Who ? M^ 1^ mai-shui. Worship, ^ pai>. 
 
won 
 
 (31) 
 
 YOU 
 
 Worth, ^ H^ chik-Mi. 
 
 Worthless, flE. BJ7 'm-shing. 
 
 Wound, 3^ ^^ silii -sheung. 
 
 Wrap up, •fel J^ ^au-mai, -Q^ ^fl jiau- 
 
 /« , 
 Write, J^ «e', (-write on) ^ 'ff se'-chii', 
 
 write out J^ rrj se-ch'ut. 
 Wrong, ^ (s'o/j". 
 Wrongly, pS ^^ 'm-c7i(S». 
 
 Year, ^E nin, ^ sai', this year -^ ^ 
 A-am-nin, last year %^^ kau'-nin, next 
 year HH ^ ming-nin. 
 
 Yellow, ^ wong, ^"^ wong-sAJi. 
 
 Yes, /j^ hai', -j^ Bg- hai' loh. 
 
 Yesterday, |f^ Q tsok-yat, ^ Q wong'- 
 yat, (day before-) lay' Q ts'iu-yat. 
 
 Yesternight, ^ fl^ tsok-man'. 
 
 Yet, (still) J^ Chung', '(jFJ^ ying-in, (not-) 
 ^"Q" mi'-ts'ang, pS. -Q- 'm-ts'ang. 
 
 Yonder, ^f- Ba SB tsoi'-Aoi-t'au. 
 
 You, j^ ni', ^ J2 io-3heung\ ^ "^ 
 Aoi-ha' (used only by Uterati.) 
 
 Your, -^ P^ ni' ie\ your surname ^ ^ 
 hosing', your age B ^& Tmai'-lcS.ng, 
 your pre-uame ^* jg ybre^-ming, your 
 name TT ^# tai"-ho', your country 
 "S' Igg Icwa^-hwolc, your mother -^^ 
 ^^ •'y ling'-shau'-t'ong, your father 
 «► ^1. ling'-teijji, your son -i^ HR 
 ling'-long, your daughter -^ ^S^ ling'- 
 os', your wife "^P JF Ung'-cAsny'.