€nu\\ Utttemtg | THE GIFT OF ::^tuui..^oik.&iLoJi...:&iiink4jU fitotg ..AJUvadbt A^%J\r..a.X..!ii£ z.i\.w..\p.'\ 6S96-3 Cornell University Library T 485.D3NS3 3 1924 021 896 208 .......i ^^ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924021896208 DOCUMENTS S K N A T K State of New York. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION. 1902. Vol. XX I II.— No. 41. ALBANY J. B. LYON C(5MPANY, STATE PRINTERS 1903 THEOOORF, KOOSEVEl.T. R,eport of ti)e Board of (lenerat ^Vanag^e^r^ of tl)e Exf)il)it of tl)c atate of Ncv ^orK at ti)e Pan-American Exposition Transmitted to tl)e lyefjistatui-e Aarci) ^'f, 1903 ALBANY J. B. LYON COMPANY, STATE PRINTERS 1902 fi, XV6^C& KR R^eporf of n)e ^oard of (ieneral Managers of tl)e ^xl)ibit of tl)e 3tate of Neu ^orl^ at tt)e Pan-American JC^xposition, Hetd on tl)e Niagara Frontier Witl)in tl)e 3tate of Nev ^lorl^ in tl)e ^ear Nineteen Handred and One. Albany, N. Y., January 28, 1902. To THE Hon. Benjamin B. Odell, Jr., Governor of the State of New York : Sir — Pui'suant to chapter 36 of the Laws of 1899, the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition have the honor to submit to you the following report. D. N. LOCKWOOD, President, JACOB AMOS, GEO. E. YOST, LEOPOLD STERN, N. V. V. FRANCHOT, ANDREW L. HAMERSLEY, GAIUS C. BOLIN, JOHN T. MOTT, FRED GREINER, General Managers. BYRON R. NEWTON, SIDNEY W. PETRIE, Secretary. Chief Executive Officer. Table of Content^. ' PAGE. Report, - - . . . g Origin arid Development of the Pan-American Exposition, ... lo Law Creating Board of General Managers, • - 15 Report of the Executive Committee, - - 20 The New York State Building, 26 Dedication of the State Building, - - - z8 President Milburn's Address, - - - - 31 Hon. J. Sloat Fassett's Speech, 33 Mayor Diehl's Addtess, - 38 Mr. Langdon's Address, - - 38 President's Day, - - 40 New York State Day, - - 41 Governor Odell's Speech, 44 Hon. St. Clair McKelway's Speech, - 48 List of Principal Events at New York State Building, - 59 Report of the Agricultural Exhibit, 61 Statement Showing Name of Each Grain or Seed Exhibited, 63 Seed and Grain Exhibit, - - 66 Statement (Jiving Name, etc., of Each Vegetable, 92 Vegetable Exhibit. - 94 Names of Those Awarded Diplomas — Gold Medals, - - 104 Silver Medals, 105 Bronze Medals, - 105 Exhibits Awarded Honorable Mention, 106 Report of the Dairy Exhibit, - 143 Butter Scorings, , - - 146 May Butter, - - 146 July Butter, - 151 September Butter, ... - . 156 October Butter, - .... 161 Highest Individual Score, - - - 166 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Report ot the Dairy Exhibit — Continued.- page. Cheese Scorings, .......... 167 May Cheese, ---_ 167 July Cheese, 175 Septembef Cheese, - - ...... 181 October Cheese, ... ..... 184 Highest Individual Score, 192 Awards^ New York State Dairy Division, ..... 155 Diploma Awards in Dairy Division, ... - ip6 Report of the Horticultulral Exhibit, - - - 205 Apples, ... 205 Strawberries, - ... . . - 209 Gooseberries, . . ... 210 Currants, - - ■ 211 Raspberries, - ---^- - 211 Apricots and Nectarines, - - - - 211 Plums, -- - ... '212 Peaches, .... 212 Viticulture, > - - - 212 Apples Grown in 1901, ... .... 214 Quinces, .... . 215 Gold Medals Awarded, - - - - - - 216 Silver Medals Awarded, - . . ... 218 Bronze Medals Awarded, - - - - . . 219 Honorable Mention, - - - .... 222 Catalogue of Exhibitors, - - - - 227 Report of the Apiarian Exhibit, ...... 233 Collected for Exhibition, - 238 Contributed Exhibits, - ..... . 240 List of Awards, - 241 Report of the Scientific Exhibit, - .... 243 Exhibit of Mineral Resources of New York, .... 244 Clay and Clay Products, ..... . . 245 Quartz, - - • - 247 Feldspar, 247 Building Stone, .... 248 Slate, 251 Lime and Cement, ...--■•■-• 252 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Report of the Scientific Exhibit — Continued. page. Marl, -- 254 Gypsum, - 254 Salt, ... ... .... 255 Iron Ores, -. ........ 256 Mineral Paint, 258 Abrasives, - 259 Talc, --..„.... 260 Graphite, - ■■ ....... 260 Fluorite, --. -- ........ 261 Barite, ........ ....261 Pyrite, .. 261 Petroleum, -.-...-......261 Peat, - 263 Geological Maps, --......-... 263 Relief Maps, - --........ 264 Exhibit of Division of Paleontology, ......... 265 Botanical Exhibit of New York State Museum, ..-..,.- 267 List of Botanical Specimens Exhibited, ....... 270 Entomological Exhibit, ........ 273 Catalogue of Entomological Exhibit, ........ 279 Fruit Tree Insects, ....... 285 Vine and Small Fruit Insects, ....... 289 Garden Insects, - ..... . 291 Grass and Grain Insects, ...... 295 Household Insects, 297 Insects Affecting Stored Food Products, .... - 300 Beneficial Insects, - ....... 301 Scale Insects, ......... ^04 Forest Insects, ._....-... 308 Shade Tree Insects, - ....... 312 Work of Gall Insects, - - 315 Bee_ and Wasp Family, - ■ - - - - - - 316 Beetles, ... . „ . . . 320 Two-winged Flies, ^30 Butterflies and Moths, ......... 333 Caddice Flies, 340 True Bugs, - 341 TABLE OF CONTF/NTS Entomological Exhibit — Catalogue of Entomological Exhibit — - Continued. PAGE. Grasshoppers, Locusts, 343 Protective Mimicry, - 346 Technical Collection, 348 Framed Photographs, 351 Winged Frames, . , . . - 351 Publications, .... 354 Financial Report, - ... „ 355 '^^-rZ-'C^K^ /^fh^ -.. Peach and Grape Exhibit, - -- Hot House Grape Exhibit, .„....-. Grape and Wine Exhibit, ..„. = ..- Pomological Exhibit, General View, .. = -..- Pomological Exhibit, Main Section, . = 7 Frontispiece PAGE. Facing 8 i( lO it 12 It 14 11 i6 " 1 8 li 20 t( 22 " 26 (( 28 a 32 u 34 ti 40 '* 44 " 48 11 64 ti 72 " 80 u 92 (( 96 (f 112 " 128 li 144 n 206 ti 210 " 212 " 214 It 218 224 8 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Comb Honey Gathered by One Colony of Bees During the Exposition, Ten Colonies of Working Bees, ..... Apiarian Exhibit, ... . . Exhibit of Honey, Mines and Mining Pavilion, - - Building Stone and Petroleum Exhibit, Lime, Cement, Clay and Clay Products Exhibit, Iron Ore Exhibit, Mineral Paint Exhibit, Gallery, New York State Building, Governor's Room, New York State Building, - Gallery, New York State Building, Grand Staircase, New York State Building, Reception Room, New York State Building, Audience Room, New York State Building, - ... Faciiii J'AGK. 236 238 240 244 248 256 258 260 288 304 320 335 352 JACOB AMOS, MEMBER liOARI) OF liENERAI, MAN VciEKS. R^eport. THE generations to follow us, turning backward over the record of the years, will discover among the most enduring achievements of the early days of the twentieth century, the Pan-American Exposition, illustrating, as it v/as designed to do, the progress of the century just closed and foreshadowing the advancement of the centuries to come. And in this, the first important movement toward bringing into closer relationship the peoples of the western hemisphere, the future sons of our great Commonwealth may learn that their State played a con- spicuous and an honorable part ; for however the present generation shall praise or censure the management of the Pan-American Exposition the people of New York may point with justifiable pride to the record their State has made in the great undertaking. In three respects the Pan-American Exposition stands pre-eminent among all expositions thus far produced. It revealed to the world a marvelous picture of the beauties and possibilities of modern electrical development, it brought closer together the Americans on either side the equator, and it taught the people of the North American republic a new lesson in architecture. Upon these three points we need not wait for the clearer light of time's perspective to show us the value of the Pan-American Exposition ; but most prominent of all its features is the noble principle of brotherhood and reciprocity between the great Americas, the principle upon which the exposition was builded, and the principle so well understood and so impressively proclaimed by the late President McKinley in his Pan-American speech a short time before he was assassinated in the Temple of Music. lO REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Origin and Deaetopment of tl)e Pan-American :^jLposition. ■pOR a considerable period following its inception the Pan-American Exposition ■*■ developed slowly. Capital and men of sufficient force were not readily enlisted in its behalf and when the enterprise was finally well under way its progress was interrupted for the period of a year on account of the war with Spain. The first public mention of the building of the Pan-American Exposition was made at the " Buffalo Day " banquet, held in the New York State building at the Cotton States and International Exposition, Atlanta, Ga., on the evening of Decem- ber 24, 1895. At this banquet, two citizens of Buffalo, Richmond C. Hill and Capt. John M. Brinker, inspired, perhaps, with the desire to tell a good story, described in fanciful fashion a great exposition for all the Americas soon to spring into exist- ence on the Niagara frontier. Speculative and dreamlike as this project might appear, it was received with gratifying post-prandial enthusiasm and two days later the Atlanta Constitution printed the first six-line announcement of the coming exposition. It was not until nearly a year later that the matter was brought publicly to the attention of the citizens of Buffalo. On November 25, 1896, a press despatch from Niagara Falls proclaimed that the town was stirred by the rumor of " a great Pan-American Exposition to be erected somewhere along the Niagara river in the year 1899 to illustrate the progress of the New World during the century which began in 1801." During the next six months a few business men of Buffalo agitated the enter- prise, and on June 25, 1897, articles of incorporation of the Pan-American Exposition Company were filed with the Secretary of State at Albany, and with the county clerk of Erie county at Buffalo. The officers of the company were as follows : Directors, Hon. Roswell P. Flower, Hon. Chauncey M. Depew, H. Walter Webb, Daniel O'Day, Edgar Van Etten, William F. Sheehan, John M. Brinker, Fred C. M. Lautz, Charles H. Haskins, Charles R. Huntley. E. B. Thomas, W. C. Ely and Herbert P. Bissell. In addition to the above-named directors the original stock- holders were Joseph T. Jones, Richmond C. Hill, A. C. Esenwein, George A. Ricker, H. J. Pierce, F. S. McGraw, Howard H. Baker, Hobart Weed, Joseph P. Devine, Arthur Schoelkopf and Dr. W. Hodge. The officers elected were: President, John M. Brinker; first vice-president, Ros- well P. Flower ; second vice-president, Chauncey M. Depew ; third vice-president, E. B. Thomas; treasurer, F. C. M. Lautz; secretary, RichnSond C. Hill. These officers and the directors named in the articles of incorporation held office until January, GKOKC.E E. YOST. MKMllER KOARIi iiF (^F.NKRAI. MAN VIHCR'^ AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. I I 1899, when a new board of directors was elected as follows: John M. Brinker, Charles H. Haskins, Charles R. Huntley, Howard H. Baker, F. S. McGraw, F. C. M. Lautz, A. C. Esenwein, Joseph T. Jones, R. C. Hill, W. C. Ely, H. J. Pierce, H. P. Bissell and Hobart Weed. The officers subsequently elected were: President, John M. Brinker; first vice-president, J. T. Jones; second vice-president, H. J. Pierce; third vice-president, Hobart Weed ; treasurer, F. C. M. Lautz, and secretary, Richmond C. Hill. In the articles of incorporation the purposes of the exposition company were declared to be, " the promotion and conduct of an exposition to illustrate the material progress of the New World during the nineteenth century, to be held at some suitable location on the Niagara frontier, in the State of New York, and for the purpose of leasing or purchasing such location and constructing such buildings as may be necessary, and for the purpose of making all contracts for power and other purposes; and for aiding any corporation or individual in such construction or improvement ; and for such other business as may be expedient for the successful promotion and conduct of the exposition." With this step the exposition enterprise began to emerge from the haze of dreamland and to take a more tangible and definite form. The Niagara Falls electrical power, which became the distinguishing feature of the completed exposi- tion, was now associated with the project and the American Exhibitors Association began to look upon it with substantial favor. The capital stock was fixed at only $50,000, as it was understood that the work of the first company would be merely preliminary to that of a more comprehensive public organization designed to carry the work to completion. It was planned to hold the exposition from June to November, 1899, and during the early part of the summer of 1897, after much controversy, a site was selected on Cayuga island, located in the Niagara river between Buffalo and Niagara Falls, where, in the presence of a large number of citizens of Buffalo, President McKinley drove a memorial stake on August 26, 1897. Secretary of War Alger, Commissioner of Pensions H. Clay Evans and a number of prominent officials of the State of New York were also present. During the summer about fifty commercial delegates from the Latin American States were the guests of the exposition company in Buffalo, and at a dinner given in Washington by the exposition officials on December 8, 1897, to the diplomatic representatives of Central and South America and Hayti, the most earnest assurances were given by these representatives that their respective countries would co-operate in every way possible with the Pan-American Company looking to the success of the exposition. 12 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS The question of providing funds for the exposition was taken up and a proposi- tion was made to a committee of Buffalo bankers. The principal feature of this proposition contemplated the issue of bonds to the amount of $1,500,000, as it was believed that for the exposition at that time planned the sum named would be sufficient to complete the work. The Buffalo bankers readily accepted the terms of the company's proposition. It was estimated that the expenses of the exposition would not exceed, at the highest, $2,000,000, and the revenue, based upon a paid attendance of 3,000,000, would be not less than $2,300,000. The later encouraging result of the Omaha Exposition, with its $2,000,000 of revenue and only $1,500,000 expenses, no doubt, in a measure, stimulated a more sanguine view on the part of the Buffalo capitalists. Thus the undertaking moved along hopefully. All the cities and towns adjacent to Buffalo proffered their aid and co-operation, and with substantial assistance and encouragement manifested at home and abroad, the year 1898 dawned with roseate prospects for the exposition. It was now thought expedient to invoke the aid of Congress and the New York State Legislature, and accordingly, on March 14, 1898, Assemblyman Henry W. Hill of Buffalo offered a resolution in the Assembly urging the President and Congress to recognize the Pan-American Exposition in an appropriate and official manner and to extend to it such substantial aid as might be deemed fitting and proper, and further requesting the Senators and members of the House from the State of New York to aid in the immediate passage by Congress of favorable legislation in behalf of the exposition. This resolution, upon motion of Senator George A. Davis of Buffalo, was concurred in by the Senate on March fifteenth and immediately transmitted to Congress. At this time the events which led to the war with Spain were rapidly reaching a crisis, and on March twenty-eighth, just thirteen days after the adoption of the first resolution, a second resolution was offered by Senator Davis and Assemblyman Hill postponing the date of the exposition until the year 1901. This resolution was likewise forwarded to Washing- ton where it received favorable consideration in both houses of Congress, thereby giving the Pan-American Exposition congressional recognition and approval a considerable time before the citizens of Detroit applied to Congress for an appropri- ation for an exposition to be held in their own city. Through the summer of 1898 the exposition scheme laid dormant, but soon after the close of the Spanish-American war it was revived with added energy. Oa December 5, 1898, Mayor Conrad Diehl sent to the common council of Buffalo a message urging the prompt interest and action of all citizens in the Pan-American movement. This aroused new life, and a further incentive to action came to the LEOPOLD STERN. ^rEM^KR liOAKIl up CKNERAI, MWVCEKS. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 1 3 citizens of Buffalo in the shape of information that the people of Detroit were preparing to move on Washington with the purpose of securing a large exposition appropriation from Congress in advance of Buffalo. On December thirteenth, Mayor Diehl appointed the following provisional committee: J. N. Adam, Frank B. Baird, Charles F. Bishop, George K. Birge, William J. Connors, John M. Brinker, A. M. Curtiss, H. M. Gerrans, R. R. Hefford, F. C. B. Held, D. N. Lockwood, C. R. Huntley, E. H. Hutchinson, Edgar B. Jewett, Joseph T. Jones, Charles F. Kings- ley, George E. Matthews, E. G. S. Miller, Norman E. Mack, Frank S. McGraw, George P. Sawyer, Robert Schelling, George Urban, Jr., James Gerard Smith, W. C. Warren, Thomas W. Symons, John Scatcherd, E. H. Butler and Ottomar Reinecke. A committee comprising Mayor Diehl, Hon. D. N. Lockwood, Harry Hamlin, Frank S. McGraw, Frank B. Baird, H. M. Gerrans and George Urban, Jr., was also named to proceed to Washington for the purpose of combating the efforts of the citizens of Detroit and to pave the way for an appropriation for the Pan-American Exposition, to which the approval of the government had already practically been given through the action of Congress the previous year. The exposition movement had now outgrown the old company and the time had arrived for the formation of a new and enlarged company on a much broader basis. Accordingly a bill was prepared and introduced in the State Legislature January i6, 1899. Every possible pressure was put on at Albany to hasten the passage of the bill, and with the friendliness of Governor Roosevelt the bill became a law on January nineteenth, three days after its introduction and within the briefest possible time under the provisions of the Constitution of the State. The bill went on the statute books as chapter 2 of the Laws of 1899. Besides enlarging and extending the powers and privileges of the original Pan-American Exposition Company, it contained the names of about 300 stockholders of the new company, including many of the most prominent citizens of Buffalo and those of neighboring cities and towns. It provided that each incorporator should subscribe for at least $100 worth of stock and should pay ten per cent of his subscription before quali- fying. The capital stock of the new company was increased to $1,000,000, to consist of 100,000 shares at $10 each, and conferred upon the new company such other powers as were necessary in the creation of the exposition. The enthusiasm of the citizens of Buffalo was now aroused to a high pitch and at a banquet given at the Iroquois Hotel on January twenty-first, the Saturday night following the signing of the bill, nearly $500,000 was subscribed to the capital stock of the reorganized company. No difficulty seemed probable in securing funds, and subsequently, by vote of the board of directors, the capital stock of the 14 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS company was increased to $2,500,000. Offices were opened in Ellicott Square, and as the project grew, tlie plan for holding the exposition on Cayuga island was abandoned and another scramble for a site began, the location north of the city of Buffalo being finally chosen. Pursuant to the provisions of the law creating the reorganized company, the old officials and directors resigned, and on March 7, 1899, the official life of the new company began with the election by the incorporators of twenty-five new directors as follows : Frank B. Baird, George K. Birge, Herbert P. Bissell, George Bleistein, John M. Brinker, Conrad Diehl, W. Caryl Ely, H. Mont- gomery Gerrans, Charles W. Goodyear, Harry Hamlin, William Hengerer, Charles R. Huntley, John Hughes, William H. Hotchkiss, J. T. Jones, F. C. M. Lautz, John G. Milburn, E. G. S. Miller, H. J. Pierce, John N. Scatcherd, Robert F. Schelling, Carleton Sprague, Thomas W. Syraons, George Urban, Jr., and Geoi'ge L. Williams. The officers elected were: President, John G. Milburn; secretary, Edwin Flem- ing ; treasurer, George L. Williams. Subsequently an executive committee was named and William I. Buchanan selected as director-general. A board of twenty- five women managers was named by the president arid by degrees the working force of the exposition put in place. The officials of the exposition company now turned to Congress for aid, and on January 26, 1899, a bill appropriating $500,000 for a Federal exhibit was introduced in both houses, passed both branches on March second, and was signed by President McKinley the day following. In the meantime a bill was introduced in the State Legislature asking for the appointment by the Governor of a board of New York State managers and the appropriation of $500,000. The amount of the appropria- tion was subsequently cut down to $300,000 and in this form the measure passed and became a law, with Governor Roosevelt's signature, March i, 1899. The leases for the exposition site were signed September, 5, 1899, and the work of construction went rapidly forward up to the 1st day of May, 1901, when the grounds were opened to the public. At this time, on account of many set-backs caused by unfavorable weather and labor troubles, the exposition was in an unfin- ished condition and the formal dedication was postponed until May twentieth, when appropriate ceremonies were held and the first considerable crowd of people passed through the gates. N. V, V. FRAXCHOT. MEiMBER BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 15 Tl)e ^oard of (ieneral i^ana^erg, New ^or^ v3tate ^xl)ibit. CHAP. 36. An Act in relation to the Pan-American Exposition, to be held upon the Niagara frontier, within the state of New York, and to provide for an exhibit by the state, and making an appropriation therefor. Became a law March l, 1899, with the approval of the Governor. Passed, three-fifths being present. T/ie People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows : Section i. The governor shall, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, appoint a board of nine members, including a fair representation of the two chief political parties, and one of whom shall be designated by him as the president of the board, who shall constitute the board of general managers of the exhibit of the state of New York at the Pan-American Exposition to be held on the Niagara frontier within the state of New York in the year nineteen hundred and one, to illustrate the progress of the new world during the nineteenth century. The members of such board shall be removable at the pleasure of the governor, who shall have power to fill vacancies as provided by the public ofificers law. § 2. Such board of managers shall encourage, secure and promote a full and complete exhibit of the commercial, agricultural, industrial, military, naval, artistic and other interests of the state and its citizens at such exposition, and shall provide, furnish and maintain during the exposition a suitable building for the ofificial head- quarters of the state, for the comfort and convenience of its citizens and its exhibit- ors, and for such other purposes as the board may deem necessary, provided a site approved by such board of managers shall have been furnished without expense to the state by the Pan-American- Exposition Company. Such building with its equipments shall be and remain the property of the state until disposed of by the legislature. § 3. The board, upon its organization, shall appoint a chief executive ofificer who shall receive an annual salary not exceeding three thousand five hundred dollars, and a secretary who shall receive a salary not exceeding two thousand dollars a year. Such salaries shall be fixed by the board, and shall not be paid for a longer period than until three months after the close of such exposition. The other members of such board shall serve without compensation, but all of the members of the board shall receive their actual and necessary expenses while in the actual 1 6 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS discharge of their duties. The chief executive officer and secretary shall be subject to the directions of the board of general managers, and shall perform such duties as it shall prescribe. § 4. The members of such board shall, upon the call of the governor, meet at "the capitol in the city of Albany and organize as a board. The board may make rules and regulations for its government, and prescribe the powers and duties of the chief executive officer and secretary. § 5. No debt or obligation shall be incurred except by order or authority of such board, nor in excess at any time of the amount available of the appropriation hereby made. § 6. The board of general managers shall make a report of its proceedings from time to time to the governor, and at any time when requested by him, and within three months after the close of the exposition shall make a final detailed repoi-t of its proceedings and expenditures to be transmitted by him to the legislature. Such report shall contain an account of all expenditures made, showing the items, the amounts thereof, to whom paid or with whom contracted and for what purpose, and shall be certified by the president of the board of general managers to be correct. § 7. The total expenditures to be incurred under the provisions of this act shall not exceed the sum of three hundred thousand dollars, and for the purpose of paymg such expenditures the sum of three hundred thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appropriated out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, to be piid by the state treasurer upon the warrant of the comptroller upon verified vouchers approved by the president and secretary of the board of managers after due audit by the comptroller; one hundred and fifty thousand dollars of such amount shall be available when a verified certifi- cate of the secretary and treasurer of the Pan-American Exposition Company is filed in the office of the comptroller that eight hundred thousand dollars of the capital stock of such company has been paid in in cash, and the renaaining one hundred and fifty thousand dollars thereof shall thereafter be available on the first day of May, nineteen hundred. § 8. The expense to be incurred by such board of managers for the erection of the building provided for in section two of this act, including the furnishing, heat- ing, lighting, plumbing and complete equipment thereof, and the inspection and fees of architects therefor, shall not exceed the sum of fifty thousand dollars, and no greater amount of the appropriation made hereby shall be available therefor. The construction of such building shall not be commenced until the first sum of one ANDREW S. HAMERSLEY. MEMBER BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. AT THE j^AN-AMKRICAN EXPOSITION. 1 7 hundred and fifty thousand dollars of said appropriation shall have become available nor until plans and specifications have been adopted by the board and a contract with sufficient sureties has been made for the completion and complete equipment thereof, for a sum not exceeding fifty thousand dollars. § 9. This act shall take effect immediately. Under the provisions of this act, Governor Roosevelt named as the nine members of the board of general managers, Hon. Daniel N. Lockwood of Buffalo, Mr. Frederick Greiner of Buffalo, Hon. N. V. V. Franchot of Olean, Hon. Jacob Amos of Syracuse, Hon. John T. Mott of Oswego, Hon. George E. Yost of Theresa, Mr. Gaius C. Bolin of Poughkeepsie, Mr. William H. Gelshenen of New York and Mr. Leopold Stern of New York. By virtue of the power vested in him by the act, the Governor designated Hon. Daniel N. Lockwood as the president of the board. These names were confirmed by the Senate April 21, 1899, but shortly after the confirmation Mr. Gelshenen'resigned and Mr. Andrew Hamersley of New York was nominated and confirmed in his place. In the formation of the board. Governor Roosevelt selected men of substantial reputation and business experience, and the excellent achievement of the board and its creditable record for the State of New York commends the care and the wisdom with which its members were chosen. The first formal meeting of the board was held, pursuant to the call of the Governor, at Albany, March 7, 1900, but prior to this several informal meetings had been held in Buffalo, relative to the selection of a site for the New York State building and such other preliminary business as was required to be done. At the first meeting in Albany the board was officially organized, the following members being present : Messrs. Lockwood, Greiner, Franchot, Amos, Mott, Bolin, Hamers- ley and Stem. The general field of work before the board was looked over and the president was empowered to appoint an executive committee of three, of which he should be a member ex officio. A question arose as to whether, under the provisions of the act under which the board was created, it should select the chief executive officer and the secretary from its own members or name them from the outside. Attorney-General John C. Davies was asked for an opinion upon this point and advised the board that the two officers should be chosen outside the membership of the board. Preparation for the future work of the board was immediately begun and the next meeting was held in the office of President Lockwood in the D. S. Morgan Building, Buffalo, on March twenty-fourth. At this meeting all members were i8 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS present, except Messrs. Yost, Hamersley and Stern. President Lockwood named as the executive committee, Mr. Frederick Greiner, Hon. N. V. V. Franchot and Hon. Jacob Amos. The following rules and regulations for the board were formulated and adopted : The official title of 'the board shall be " The Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition to be held on the Niagara Frontier within the State of New York in 1901." The president shall name an executive committee of three members with the president a member thereof, ex officio. The executive committee shall have power to make contracts and direct the expenditure of all moneys to be disbursed by the board. The board of general managers shall appoint a chief executive officer and a secretary, both of whom shall devote all their time to the business of the board and they shall hold office during the pleasure of the board. The chief executive officer and the secretary shall perform such duties as the executive committee shall impose upon them. The executive committee shall hold regular meetings on Tuesdays and Fridays of each week at two-thirty P. M. at the office of the board. Two of, the four members of the executive committee shall constitute a quorum. The president shall call meetings of the board whenever he shall deep! necessary, and five members of the board shall constitute a quorum. The board by a majority vote may change its rules and regulations. There shall be an official seal in such form as shall be approved by the executive committee. The president of the board and chairman of the executive committee were authorized to procure offices for the board, and. rooms 704 and 705 D. S. Morgan Building in Buffalo were selected. Sidney W. Petrie of Buffalo was named as the chief executive officer, at a salary of $3,000 per annum, and Byron R. Newton of Buffalo was selected as secretary, at a salary of f 1,800. These preliminary matters having been disposed of, the board proceeded immedi- ately upon the work of erecting the New York State building. A structure of permanent character had already been decided upon,, and a brief statement of the facts leading up to the conditions under which it became possible for the board to erect such building seems properly to belong in this report at this point. In the original act of the Legislature, chapter 36 of the Laws of 1899, only $50,000 was appropriated for a State building. This sum, of course, contemplated only a temporary structure of the character of the other exposition buildings and one that should be demolished when the exposition closed. For a number of years the Buffalo Historical Society had been working toward the. procuring of a per- GAIUS C. BOI.IN. MEMBER liDARI) OF GENERAL MANAGERS. AT THK PAX-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. I9 manent home for the society, and in 1897 a law had been passed authorizing the Historical Society to invest its trust funds in the erection of a permanent building upon park lands in the city of Buffalo, and permitting the city of Buffalo to appro- priate $25,000 toward the erection of said building. At the close of the legislative session of 1899, Senator Henry W. Hill of Buffalo presented to the Buffalo Historical Society a plan whereby the funds of the Historical Society, the $25,000 authorized to be appropriated by the city of Buffalo and the moneys to be appropriated by the State for a State building should be aggregated, thereby making it possible to erect a permanent, fire-proof building on park lands contiguous to the other Pan-American buildings, a building to be used by the State during the exposition, but to become the permanent home of the Buffalo Historical Society after the close of the exposition. This plan was approved by the Historical Society, the board of general managers, the board of park commissioners of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition Company, and accordingly a bill was introduced by Senator Hill embodying the above provisions and became chapter 230 of the Laws of 1900. It increased the appropriation of the State for the exposition State building from $50,000 to $100,000, authorized the Buffalo Historical Society and the city of Buffalo to expend each $25,000, making all told $150,000 available for the use of the board of general managers in erecting the State building. No sooner had the bill been signed by Governor Roosevelt than a site was selected for the building by the board of general managers, the Historical Society, and the board of park commissioners acting together, and immediate steps were taken to expedite the work. The executive committee prepared and sent out a circular to architects of the State calling for competitive plans and specifications for the State building, three prizes being offered ; the one submitting the best design to receive the contract, with $150 and $100 respectively for the second and third best designs. Seven designs were submitted, including one from the State Architect, and all were considered at the next meeting of the board, held in Buffalo, April twenty-fourth. The building committee of the Historical Society, comprising Hon. Wilson S. Bissell, Hon. Henry W. Hill, Andrew Langdon, Charles W. Goodyear, G. B. Rich and Frank H. Severance, met with the board and after a careful examination of the plans all but three were rejected,, to which, iipon resolution of the board, it was decided to confine further consideration. The architects who had submitted these three plans were, York & Sawyer of New York, Green & Wicks of Buffalo and George Cary of Buffalo'. None of the plans met with the requirements of the board in certain details of the proposed structure, and 20 REPORT OF BOARfl OF GENERAL MANAGERS representatives of the three firms above mentioned were called before the board and were given until April twenty-eighth at ten A. M. in which to amplify and modify their designs conforming to the requirements. The executive committee was authorized to make the final selection of a design. As the site for the building had been placed on park property, a committee from the park board was asked to meet with the executive committee at its next meeting, April twenty-eighth. This committee comprised the late David F. Day, Andrew Langdon, James Sweeny, Ottomar Reinecke and Dr. C. Wyckoff. The three designs were again considered. York & Sawyer had submitted an additional drawing showing a modified south front, and George Gary submitted one showing changes in the north front. No alterations were made in the drawings submitted by Green & Wicks. The three plans were discussed by the joint committee and by the executive committee alone, but being unable to arrive at a decission, it was deter- mined to hold the next meeting of the board and executive committee in New York city and there call to the assistance of the board a competent, disinterested architect, before whom the three designs and all conditions should be laid, with- holding from him the. names and identity of the authors of the three designs. On May eleventh the board met at the Murray Hill Hotel, New York, having secured the services of Robert W.- Gibson in the selection of a plan. After making an extended study of the designs together with photographs and surveys of the site for the building, Mr. Gibson stated that he found in the plan submitted by George Gary more points of superiority than in either of the other two and that the Green & Wicks plan should stand second. Upon receiving this decision, the executive committee prepared and submitted to the board the following report, which was unanimously adopted : I^eport of tf)e J&xecativie Committee. At a meeting of the board of general managers held in Buffalo April 21, 19CX), seven designs for the State building which had been submitted by various archi- tects were examined. After giving most careful study to all plans before us, it was the decision of the board that future consideration be confined to the three plans submitted by George Gary, Green & Wicks and York & Sawyer, respectively, as these three plans were thought more nearly to meet the requirements of the board than any of the others submitted. By resolution of the board the architects of the above-named plans were asked before the board and were instructed to amend and amplify their plans in such a manner as more nearly to conform to the purposes and future use of the building as the home of the Buffalo Historical Society, and to the JOHN T. ilOTT. ME.MIU-.K HOARD CIF CKXKRAI, J[ AX M '.KKS. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 21 general requirements of the board of general managers. The final selection of a , , plan was then left with the executive committee. On April twenty-eighth said committee met in Buffalo, and together with the building committee of the Buffalo Historical Society and a special committee from the board of park commissioners of the city of Buffalo again made a careful examination of the above-named three plans, with the result that no decision was reached beyond the declaration of both the Historical Society and the committee from the park board that they would be entirely satisfied with the selection of any one of the three above-named plans. The committee then directed that the three designs with all accompanying plans, together with photographs and a survey of the proposed site of the State building, be shipped to New York with a view to obtaining the counsel and expert knowledge and advice of such competent architects as could be secured. A meet- ing of the board was called for the Murray Hill Hotel on Friday, May fourth, at eleven A. M. The board employed Mr. Robert W. Gibson, a well-known architect of New York, who is president of the New York State League of Architects, and a director and chairman of the executive committee of the American Institute of Architects, and who has designed, among other public buildings, the New York Clearing House, the New York Botanical Museum, Bishop Doane's Cathedral at Albany, the Bank of Buffalo, the Onondaga Savings Bank at Syracuse, the Utica Savings Bank and the Greenwich Savings Bank in New York city. Mr. Gibson came before the board at the meeting held at the Murray Hill Hotel, made a careful study of the plans and explained them to the board, as to their architectural features, the interior, the appearance of the building as considered with the surroundings, etc. After this examination made by him he stated that plan number i, the plan submitted by George Gary of Buffalo, met with all the requirements of the board as he understood them ; therefore, we are prepared to report, as the finding of the executive committee, in favor of the Gary plan. We desire further to report that the committees from the Historical Society and the board of park commissioners expressed themselves as satisfied with any one of the three designs, on the ground of being harmonious with the surroundings. N. V. V. FRANGHOT. JACOB AMOS. D. N. LOCKWOOD. 2 2 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS The following resolution by Mr. Yost was adopted : ''Resolved, That we, the board of general managers of the- New York State exhibit of the Pan-Ameri(^n Exposition, after a very thorough, careful and com- plete examination of the various plans submitted to us for the State building, to be erected by us, for and in behalf of the State of New York, at the Pan-American Exposition, to be held' in Buffalo, 1901, and after consulting the best, talent within our reach to point out the special, scholastic, artistic and most convenient features therein contained in the several masterly plans submitted, all of which have great merit, and after having heard the report of the executive committee, we have con- cluded that the plan submitted by Mr. George Gary of Buffalo be and hereby is adopted as first choice and that said building be constructed in accordance there- with, and that second choice be awarded to Green & Wicks of Buffalo and third choice to York & Sawyer of New York city." The design having been selected, bids for the construction of the building were advertised for as soon as the specifications could be prepared by the architect. Four firms of contractors submitted bids, each bid, in accordance with the specifica- tions, having figures on marble, stone and brick. After much discussion it had been decided, if possible within the available funds, to construct the building of marble, and for this material, the bid of Charles Berricks' Sons of' Buffalo, at $158,827, was the lowest, but this figure exceeded the total appropriation for the building by $8,82.7. As the law under which the board was proceeding provided that the $100,000 appropriated by the State for the building should include the " furnishing, heating, lighting, plumbing, and complete equipment thereof, and the inspection and fees of the architect thereof," the sum of $10,000 had been deducted from the $100,000 by the board to cover these expenditures, leaving available of the State fund for the erection of the building only $90,000, and with the $50,000 appropriated by the Historical Society and the* city of Buffalo, only $140,000 all told. This was the situation on the 29th of June, 1900, when the Historical Society, through its president, Andrew Langdon, pledged itself to make up the difference between the available fund of $140,000 and the bid of Berricks' Sons, $158,827. This having been agreed upon, the board of managers entered into a contract with Charles Berricks' Sons for $140,000, and a separate contract was made by the Historical Society with the contractors for $20,000, or any sum in exce.ss of $140,000, it being stipulated that the total cost of the building, aside from furnishing, etc., should not exceed $160,000. The following resolution was offered by Mr. Lockwood and adopted : FRED CREINER. CHAIRMAN EXECUTIVE COMMII'TEE, BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. AT THE 1'AX-AMP:RICAN EXPOSITION. 23 " Resolved, That it is stated by Mr. Langdon, president of the Buffalo Historical Society, that after having made a careful examination of the plans and specifications for the State building at the Pan-American Exposition, and after having carefully examined the bid of Charles Berricks' Sons, in which they propose to construct said State building complete for the sum of $158,827, with the deductions as made by the architect, that the Historical Society will enter into a contract in such form as desired with the said Charles Derricks' Sons to pay any and all sums for construc- tion of said State building, and the carrying out of said contract, in excess of $[40,000, but not to exceed the total sum of $160,000, said guaranty or agreement on their part with said contractors to be made satisfactory to the State board of general managers at the Pan-American Exposition, and said payments of the said Historical Society to be made to apply on the final and last payments made to said contractors." Because of its permanent character and the substantial manner in which it was built, progress in the erection of the State building was necessarily less rapid than that of the temporary buildings of the exposition company, and the contractors found it impossible to complete the interior work by May first, the date fixed for the opening of the exposition grounds, and the building was not occupied by the officers of the board until the first of July. The formal dedication of the building was held on August sixth. During the summer of 1900 the time of the chief executive officer and the secre- tary was employed in obtaining information and data concerning various exhibits contemplated by the board. From time to time this information was placed before the executive committee, and early in October the following superintendents and directors of exhibits were chosen and allotments made : Agricultural exhibit, J. H. Durkee of Sandy Hill, N. Y., superintendent ; salary $100 per month for twelve months; and J6hn McCann of Elmira, N. Y., assistant superintendent; salary $75 per month. Allotment for the exhibit, $15,000. Dairy exhibit, George A. Smith of Frankfort, N. Y., superintendent ; salary $1,200 for the entire period of his service. Allotment, $5,000. Horticultural exhibit, S. D. Willard of Geneva, N. Y., superintendent ; no salary, e-Kcept personal expenses,, his assistant, F. E. Dawley, being allowed $1,000 for the entire period of his service. Allotment, $15,000. Scientific exhibit, Dr. F. J. H. Merrill of Albany, director ; no salary ; assistant director, Arthur L. Parsons, Mount Morris, N. Y. ; salary $75 per month. Allot- ment, $9,000. 24 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Apiarian exhibit, Orel L. HerMiiser of Buffalo, superintendent ; salary $i,8oo for entire period of his service. Allotment, $3,300. The sum of $2,000 was also appropriated for a relief map of the Adirondack region, prepared by Edwin E. Howell of Washington, D. C. The work of collecting the various exhibits went rapidly forward during the fall and winter. A force of competent and experienced assistants was employed in each department, and for the agricultural and dairy exhibits every section of the State was visited, and the best products procured or contracted for. A storehouse was secured in Buffalo for the non-perishable grains, and other materials for the agricultural and horicultural exhibits were placed in cold storage and preserved with remarkable success, making possible during the entire season the display, side by side, of the crops of 1900 and 1901. Throughout the summer the exhibition tables in the agricultural and horticultural departments were kept constantly supplied with the freshest and best products of the field, garden, orchard and vineyard. The reports of the various exhibits given elsewhere show in detail what was accom- plished in each department. In addition to the amounts appropriated for each exhibit the executive com- mittee on March 8, 1901, .set aside the sum of $5,000 to be divided among the New York State, exhibitors of live .stock, the amount to be distributed /r<7 rata to the amount of the premium or premiums received by each from the Exposition Company. This sum was divided among the successful exhibitors after the list of premiums was received from the exposition management. With the expectation that large expenditures would be necessary for the enter- tainment of distinguished guests of the State during the exposition, the board of general managers asked for an additional appropriation from the Legislature of $50,000. This amount was put in the annual supply bill which became a law May 3, 1901. On account of the death of President McKinley many events of a public and social character were omitted during the latter part of the exposition, and the expenditures for entertainment were consequently much less than they otherwise would have been. At the close of the exposition a considerable amount of the products and materials in each exhibit were sold, such as apples, cheese, butter, honey, lumber, etc., aggregating a salvage fund of $ The relief map of the Adirondack region was turned over to the care of the Forest, Fish and Game Commission, and the entire scientific exhibit was returned to the State Museum at Alban)'. The plates on which the horticultural exhibit was displayed during the expo- AT THE I'AX-AMERICAN EXl'OSmuN. 25 sition, together with the tables and other fittings used in connection with the exhibit and the booth or pavilion erected for the agricultural exhibit were trans- ferred at the close of the exposition to the New York State Fair Conimission, and sent to the State fair grounds at Syracuse. On January 2, 1902, the New York State building was officially but without ceremony transferred to the Buffalo Historical Society, each member of the board of general managers executing a handsomely engrossed parchment deed, which will become one of the most valued relics of the institution to which it was jriven. 26 REPORT OF BOARD OK GENERAL MANAGERS Tl)e New ^orI^ 3tate J^ttilding. nPHE majestic white marble structure with its Greek portico overlooking the park ■*■ lake will remain to the city of Buffalo and its future generations as the one permanent monument of the beautiful Pan-American Exposition of the year 1901. As the home of the Buffalo Historical Society, it will endure, in itself a precious relic, long after the years and the meadow sward have obliterated the last crumbling evidences of the triumphal bridge, the esplanade, and the grand ensemble of the rainbow city. Constructed with a degree of care and economy greater than that which ordinarily enters into the prosecution of an individual enterprise, it stands to-day a grand testimonial to the thrift and honor of the people of the State of New York and to their representatives, the New York State board of general managers, .vhose zeal and energy brought forth this beautiful structure. As a building " for the official headquarters of the State, for the comfort and convenience of its citizens and its exhibitors," as required by the State law, it met all demands with supreme satisfaction to the hundreds of thousands of citizens who daily found within its marble walls a beautiful resting-place, provided with every possible comfort and convenience. The building is located in a picturesque spot overlooking the Buffalo park lake and near the Elmwood gate to the exposition. It was the first structure of the exposition seen by visitors approaching the grounds on the Elmwood street car line, and as the largest number of visitors entered at the Elmwood gate, the building throughout the summer was always thronged from early morning until it was closed at ten P. M. Its pur6 white walls and classic lines made it a thing of conspicuous beauty under the dark foliage of the trees, and aside from those who sought the restful comfort of its spacious rooms and. corridors, hundreds came to admire the stately beauty of its exterior" and the substantial elegance of the interior work. Every facility for the convenience of New York State visitors was provided. In the basement a large lunch room was maintained, equipped with small tables and chairs, where visitors could sit in the cool atmosphere of the room and eat the lunches brought with them. Adjacent to this apartment was a large banquet room on the east, provided with large tables and suitable decorations, where Governor Odell and many other distinguished guests of the State were entertained during the summer. A spacious and well-appointed kitchen was connected with this room, where the food for banquets was prepared. On the first or main floor is a grand rotunda or AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 2/ court with tiled floor and huge black marble columns, supporting a massive gallery extending around the entire building. On the east side of the main hall or rotunda is a large reception room adjoined by a smaller room, beautifully finished in mahogany and known as the Governor's room. On the opposite side of the main hall is the audience room, with a seating capacity of 300, used during the expo- sition for the convenience of State organizations, many of which held their meetings there during the summer. In the galleries on the second floor were a large number of paintings, donated principally by the Home Education department of the University of the State of New York and the Hope Art Gallery of Watkins, N. Y. In the collection was also the famous Morro portrait of Columbus, loaned by Charles Gunther of Chicago. Adjacent to the galleries are rooms occupied by the New York State Bar Association and the Daughters of the American Revolution. In the central hall there are five semi-circular lunettes over the windows for paintings, of which the middle one was painted by Tabor Sears, and presented by the architect of the building. The vertical radius is emphasized by a principal figure, "The Muse of Niagara," typifying in a single figure the artistic expression of the various forms of literary,- musical or artistic work which the inspiration of Niagara has promoted, or may suggest for the future. This is significant inas- ■ much as the falls have been painted and praised in literature, and so long as they are impressive and magnificent will be a theme for future productions. The genii at each side represent, first, the irrigation of the earth in the form of a child with the water-horn ; second, the consequent fruition of the earth, represented by a child weaving a fruit garland. -The background is the falls and the primeval shore. The architecture of the building is Greek Doric, and it was said by many visitors that its portico facing the lake is the most perfect copy of the Parthenon' this side the Atlantic. So faithfully has the architect, George Cary, followed the lines of the majestic ruin at Athens that the invisible curve in the marble steps and columns has been preserved. No exhibits of any character were placed in the State building, but a number t)f New York State firms of manufacturers and dealers kindly loaned to the State various articles of furnishing and decoration for use in the building during the exposition. The firm of Joseph P. McHugh & Co. of New York city furnished complete the large reception room with their handsome mission furniture, which added much to the attractiveness of the building. The Lorillard Refrigerator Company of New York loaned a number of large refrigerators, and the firm of D. E. Morgan, Son & Allen Co. of Buffalo furnished the Governor's room and the balance of the building, with the exception of the audience room. The Steinway 28 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Company of New York built especially for the State building a beautiful concert grand piano, which stood in the large hall during the summer, where it became the object of admiration of every musician and music lover who visited the building. Three massive chairs of artistic workmanship were loaned by Moses F. Ogden of Angelica, N. Y., and were placed in the large hall. The valuable gift of two bronze doors for the north entrance of the building was made by Andrew Langdon, presi- dent of the Buffalo Historical Society. These doors are of artistic design, the two panels representing history and ethnology. Late in the summer two statues, made of gold bullion, representing types of North American and South American women, were sent on from New York by the Meriden Britannia Company and placed in the north gallery, where they attracted much attention. The two statues were said to contain $315,000 worth of gold. At the opening of the building a large visitors' register was placed in the front vestibule of the building. The book had space for 18,000 names, and it was thought the one volume would be sufficient for the season. In a few weeks this book was filled and another one of the same kind was put in its place. During the summer seven of these registers were filled, containing a total of 118,554 names. Dedication of tf)e 3tafe :gttitdin[f. The formal dedication of the State building took place on Tuesday, August sixtli. The audience room in which the exercises were held and the other adjacent rooms were filled, many officials and prominent men of the State and the city of Buffalo being present. Kuhn's orchestra was stationed in the large hall, and the interior o.f the building was appropriately decorated with flowers and flags. Presi- dent D. N. Lockwood presided, and Hon. J. Sloat Fassett of Elmira was the orator of the occasion. In opening the exercises President Lockwood. said : " Ladies and gentlemen : " I take great pleasure, on behalf of the commissioners of the State of New York to the Pan-American Exposition, in welcoming you to the formal opening of thrs New York State building. It is the home of the citizens of the State of New York, of every citizen of the United States, as well as Canada, Mexico and the South American states ; indeed, all the world in general is welcome within these walls. Every one who has the good fortune and the good judgment to pass within the gates of the most instructive, beautiful and ornamental exposition the world has yet seen, will find our doors open and, I repeat, a hearty welcome. "This building, as most of you are well aware, is to be a permanent structure. SIDXKV ^V. I'ETRIE. CIIIKF F.XECUTIVr'-. OFl'ICKR, IHIAKH i i F i '.I'.NFI; ■. r, M\XA(',F,RS. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 29 The State of New York contributed to its construction the sum of $100,000. The Buffalo Historical Society, who will occupy it and whose permanent home it will be after the Pan-American Exposition has finished its work, generously contributed the sum of $45,000. The board of park commissioners most cheerfully gave their con- sent to the selection of this site with all its beautiful surroundings. The city of Buffalo, ever alive to the best interests of her people, graciously appropriated the sum of $25,000, and I know I will be pardoned if I add that the public-spirited president of the Historical .Society, Mr. Andrew Langdon, presented the beautiful set of bronze doors, at a cost of about $7,000, which will in a few days take their place at the entrance to this building, making the cost of the structure which we this day pass into your hands for the purposes of this exposition, and which after the exposition is closed we are directed to deed and transfer to the Buffalo His- torical Society, the sum of about $180,000. " During the exposition it will be the home of the citizens of New York State as boats, and we extend an invitation to all to be our guests. We say to all : ' Come and see New York State's building. You have passed the turnstiles; our gates are ever open to you.' Too much credit and praise cannot be given to the architect, Mr. George Gary, of this city, for the intelligence and skill with which he prepared the plans and carried out the work of the erection of this building. No detail of construction escaped his ever-watchful eye. Here on this fair bank of this beautiful lake George Gary, architect, has erected an enduring monument to his skill, intelli- gence, ability and fidelity. He won the prize fairly and honorably in open compe- tition, and this building will endure and remain as a monument to him long after his day and generation. His name will never fade from these walls. It would be unjust to myself and to my associate commissioners not to mention our unqualified .satisfaction with Messrs. Gharles Berricks' Sons, who had the contract for the erec- tion of the building, and to the Messr.s. Henrich's Sons, who had the subcontract for the woodwork, and to Mr. Maltbie, who furnished the ma,rble. They have all done their work well and faithfully. In brief, the work on this building, from the contractor down to the laborer, has been carried out faithfully and upon honor, and it is due to every man who has done any of this work that he should receive the thanks of the commission and the thanks of the, citizens of Buffalo, for faithful, conscientious and honest labor performed. The work upon this building will ever stand as an object lesson of labor well and faithfully done, of contracts faithfully performed. Such labor and such results are, we think, worthy of praise and honor. " So much for the past. What of the future ? I can only speak for myself and 30 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS my associate commissioners. We are ready and anxious, Mr. President, to aid you and your associates in making the Pan-American Exposition the great success, which it so richly deserves to be and which we feel sure it will be. You and your coworkers have spent much time and money, and you have produced an exposition on lines strong, new and magnificent. You have gone far above and beyond our hopes and expectations. You have created here, as it were, a new world. You have made the night brighter than the day. You have given the world new ideas. You have made the most distant parts of North and South America contribute to the amusement and pleasure of man. You have made your own city of Buffalo known in its industries, its beautiful homes, its grand streets, its unparalleled climate, to all peoples — to see which can bring but praise and honor to the good citizens of Buffalo. " I would that my voice could reach to the farthest hamlet of this our coun- try and bring to this exposition every man, woman and child throughout the length and breadth of our broad land, that they, too, might enjoy with us the beauties of this exposition, and gather from it lessons which would be to them a source of pleasure, enjoyment and profit throughout the remainder of their lives. Upon this building, erected by the great Empire State, floats the flag of our com- mon country, side by side with the flag of the Pan-American Exposition. They each beckon with every breeze that floats from Erie's waters to the people of the world to come here and see what has been done for their enlightenment, their instruction and their pleasure. And when they come, every voice from the Pan- American Exposition and from the State of New York will bring to them a wel- come which shall ring from one end of this country to the other, and its echoes shall pass throughout the world, telling them they are welcome to an exposition created and built up by the intelligence and skill of man, far exceeding any exposi- tion that has been presented to the world during this age or generation. " I thank you exceedingly, ladies and gentlemen, for your presence here this morning, and the encouragement which that presence gives to us and to the Pan- American commission. I now have the pleasure, Mr. President, in that formal manner which I understand to be customary, to turn over this building to you as the representative of the Pan-American commission at the Pan-American Expo- sition. You will now have the pleasure, ladies and gentlemen, of listening to President Milburn, of the Pan-American Exposition Company." AT THE PAN-AMKRICAN EXPOSITION. 31 President Ailbarn's Address. President John G. Milburn, in accepting the edifice in the name of the Pan- American Exposition Company, said : " Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen : " It is an easy and delightful task which I have to perform this morning, and that is to accept this beautiful building as part of the scheme of our exposition. I need not make a speech to do that- — and that I assure you is somewhat of a relief to me — but whilst I am here I must say that I feel the pathos of the thought that in a few months from this time this thing of beauty, is to be destroyed ; that these buildings and these grounds will be restored to their original condition, and that there will be nothing ,then in connection with the exposition but the memories of what it was. " There is one exception, and that is why this morning it is a great pleasure to me to be associated with the dedication of this building. It is not to disappear ; it is to remain forever as a part of the permanent possessions of the city of Buffalo. It is to be the home of the Historical Society, and whilst it is to perform that function it will always, it must inevitably always be, a great and lasting monument of the exposition. The time will never come, while this building stands where all may see, when it will fail to revive memories in the minds of the people of the fact that it originated with the Pan-American Exposition, was a part of it, and is its monument. " Mr. President, I can't let this occasion pass without thanking you and your associates for the great interest that you have taken in making this building a beau- tiful building, and in making the exposition a success. We have your cordial co-operation in the past as a guaranty of that co-operation in the future, and when the roll comes to be made up, there will be nobody connected with the exposition who will take a higher place on that roll than the commission of this State which has had in charge the construction of this building, and the exhibit of the resources of the State. I wish I could more adequately and more eloquently express the depth of our feeling on that subject, how sincerely we appreciate what we owe this State commission, how we look to it in the future and lean upon it, and how we recognize that it is to be one of the great factors in the larger success which is to attend the exposition during the remaining months of its existence. " I am in a thanking mood, and there are times when one loves to be grateful. There are times when praise is just a little more balmy than at other times. The 32 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS world is, I think, a pretty sweet and generous sort of place, but now and then it does take it into its head to open wide its critical eye, and close its appreciative eye, and there seems to float through the air a gentle reminder that if you ever indulge the thought that you are very perfect, that really you are not at all so, and that you would do well to get down and be very humble. Well, I sort of feel that this is, in part, such a time ; and so the warm words of praise from our chairman to-day were extremely grateful. They filled my heart with new courage and impressed me with a feeling that, after all, the exposition is more than worth, in its appearance, in all its departments and phases, in the insides of its buildings, and in every part of it, all the work, the anxiety, spirit and energy that have been put into its' construction and development. I feel that, such words will last, and I feel, too, that whatever our measure of success may be, it is bound to remain in the minds of the people of this country that the exposition was a beautiful construction and that.it worthily carried out its great aim and purpose, and that was to show to the world the resources, the capacities and the civilization, not only of this country, but of Canada to the north, and Mexico and all the great peoples and republics of Central and South America. " As I look around this audience and see in it not only home faces from my own city, but ladies and gentlemen from many South American countries, from Ecuador, from Cuba, from Nicaragua, and from Chile, men and women whom I meet from day to day, and when I hear the encomiums on the beauty of the exposition I feel that we laid it out on a worthy scheme, and that it is carrying out successfully its great purpose. " Now I have made a speech^ although I didn't intend to, led on by the presi- dent's courteous and heart-filling words. I thank you all in accepting this noble building. I would not take it away with me if I could, after we are through with it. And now I give way to one who is a real orator." President Lockwood then arose and said : " Ladies and gentlemen : It gives me great pleasure upon this occasion to present to you, as the orator of the day, a distinguished citizen of the State of New York, the Hon. J. Sloat Fassett of Elmira." BYRON R. NEWTON. SECRETARY BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. AT THE I'AN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 33 Hon. J. 3loat Passett's 3pe:ecl). " Mr. CJiainnan, ladies and gentlenirn . " It has always been my endeavor during the years I have been on earth to avoid sailing under false colors, and I find myself this morning embarrassed bj' the mis- leading terms used by my friend, the chairman, ir introducing me as t\vt orator of the occasion. This is distinctly a breach of promise, a violation of contract. It places me in a wrong attitude toward you and toward this interesting occasion. I was asked a few days ago by a very pleasant and irresistible young gentleman not to deliver an oration, but to attend this meeting and make a few informal remarks in an informal way. But even this is rather a severe undertaking, for the thoughts suggested by this day and its surroundings are well worthy the most careful utter- ances of the most elaborate preparation. " I wish I could honestly say that it gives me pleasure to be here this morning. It is not that I find no pleasure in this magnificent building, not that I find no pleasure in the dedication of this structure by the Empire State to the uses of the Pan-American Exposition this year, with permanent reversion to the noble uses of the Buffalo Historical Society; not that I find no pleasure in the harmonies of proportion and color, the beauties, the enterprise and the utilities everywhere displayed within these grounds; it is that I find no pleasure in being called upon informally to do adequate justice to the inspiring themes that grow out of such splendid foundations. " After the wealth of form and color which constitute the beauty of the Rainbow City shall have passed away ; after the admirable assemblages of the multiform pro- ducts of the arts and industries shall have been dispersed and all the brilliant pictures which greet the eye day and night within these inclosures have become only a recollection and a dream, this building is to remain as the one permanent structure called into life by this exposition. It is to stand as the visible evidence of the interest of the State of New York in the epoch-making endeavor to draw into closer relations all the nations of all America. To-day it stands as .i monument to the devotion, the integrity, the ability, the enterprise and public spirit of the citizens of Buffalo and the State of New York. For all time it will stand as a his- toric mile-stone on the highway of progress. We are not only according to our own calendar commencing a new century but we are commercially, industrially and socially at the opening of a new era which is to be characterized by an intensity of life and-a comprehensiveness of endeavor never known before. Men and the forces 3 34 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS and materials they create and use are to be associated and co-ordinated for common purposes in all lines of human endeavor in masses not dreamed of in the nineteenth century. " As a New Yorker I am proud, as each one of us has the right to be proud, that it has been the good fortune "of this flourishing city, one of the queens of our State, to give first expression so beautifully, so grandly to .the feeling which has been for so many years inarticulate, the feeling that has been drawing together the nations of this hemisphere, the feeling of their essential community of' interests; their common destiny, for our destiny is a common one. It is^ to work out a wider and higher liberty for mankind. This hemisphere was doubtless set aside in the economy of Providence for a great purpose, and so far as we may prophesy what that purpose was from what has already happened, may we not claim that this hemisphere was dedicated and set aside for the development of human liberty ; a better and more enlightened liberty than the world has ever seen before ? Not a liberty that degenerates into license, not a liberty consisting exclusively of privilege, but a freedom of individuals that may be translated into opportunity; opportunity to grow and develop along the best lines with the minimum of artificial restraint ; to expand God-ward and man-ward without undue let or hindrance ; opportunity to transmute ourselves into the highest and most beneficent forms in every human endeavor. We have already achieved such liberties as Martin Luther never knew and the Barons at Runnymede never dreamed of, but we have much to do before we shall have outlined the complete circle of that perfect liberty counterpoised by complete sense of responsibility which must come before the work can end. Liberty that purges from greed and selfishness ; liberty that teaches the good of others to be paramount to our own; liberty that urges and affords opportunities for the highest development of all our highest talents for the benefit of all ; liberty that reaches to the lowest, the weakest, the neediest ; liberty that with noble discontent disdains repose until the best that can be done is done and done for all for all time. Surely this is the liberty worth living for, and most assuredly the only liberty worth dying for. To worlc toward this high goal is the common destiny of South and North America. We have done much. Much more remains to" be done. For countless centuries the resistless push of the race has been from east to west. Beginning in Asia civilization has, through all these centuries, by slow and painful stages, marched across Europe, passed the Atlantic and traversed America. Now it finds itself approaching its ancient seats after its world-wide journey, strengthened, exalted, purified by all the wisdom and all the new forces it has developed and acquired upon the road. Five hundred years ago the vision of all America sprang NEW YORK STATE BUILDING, SOUTH FRONT, FROM BOAT LANDING. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 35 out of the sea to greet the eager eyes of Columbus. During these five centuries the tides of growth have been flowing in parallel lines ever westward, until to-day both shores of both Americas are subdued and occupied. We have moved westward until any further west is east. We have reached the great sea, and with the sea have reached a new era full of new problems. Henceforth the expanding -energies of our people are to move not east and west alone but north and south. We shall have to study latitude as well as longitude. We begin to cast our eyes north and south to make new acquaintance and better acquaintance with our fellow-Ameri- cans, and to invite them to make new acquaintance with us. We all know that preliminary to common action must come a common trust resulting from common intimacy that shall cast out all ill-will, fear and suspicion. " This exposition with its beauties shall soon pass away, but the thought that inspired it and dignifies it, the idea that exalts it, shall endure and grow until that which to-day is prophecy shall be fulfilled and that which is now aspiration shall be realized and what is now but a structure of dreams shall become a structure of international relations more admirable and enduring than this temple of history in which we stand, marble though it be. Under the pressure of events already casting their shadows aslant the visible future, the various states and nations of North and South America are as certain to become welded together in a firm and friendly band as the Pacific ocean is certain to be the great theatre for the greatest political and commercial activities of the twentieth century. " It has been our fortune to give the first great unmistakable recognition in letters of living light in this exposition of this new transverse current of modern vital energies, this slow ripening consciousness of the essential unity in all American life, but since our history began New York and the people of New York have been foremost in the headlong race of human progress. New England has been fortunate in her historians and so has not failed to receive her full share of the credit due to great achievement. Some day an historian will arise and place our State on the proud eminence she really deserves as the foremost in all the enterprises which have so changed the conditions of human life on this continent during the last two centui'ies. I may be pardoned if I speak with pride, avoiding boastfulness, of some of the works wrought by our State and people. The results of them encompass you on every side. Our chairman eloquently spoke of the American flag floating over this building. He might have told you that the first time the stars and stripes were ofificially unfurled was at Fort Schuyler in the valley of the Mohawk. The back- bone of British power in America was broken over the stony ridges of the Hudson. New York contributed more than one-half the men and three-fifths of the money for 36 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS the War of the, Revolution. Manhood suffrage was first guaranteed by our own Constitution. Full freedom of worship was first enjoyed in the colony of New York while they were still burning witches, horsewhipping Quakers and expelling Baptists in New England. Freedom of the press was first established by a decision of a New York court, and the first rotary press was built and used in New York by a New Yorker. The city of New York was the first home of a new Union, and witnessed the first inauguration of the first President. " Of all the superb floating palaces that swarm upon the waters of the earth the very first to be propelled by steam was built and operated in New York by a New Yorker. When you leave Buffalo in the luxury of a Pullman car you may take pleasure in recalling that the first Pullman was built in western New York by a New Yorker. As you send telegraphic messages to your absent friends advising them of the success of this exposition and of this day you may be glad to remember that the modern use of telegraphy and the telegraphic code were introduced by a New Yorker, and that the modern wizard of electricity is a New Yorker. No message can flash beneath the seas save over cables first attempted by New Yorkers. " The Constitution of the State of New York has been the model for the Consti- tutions of all States admitted since its adoption. We have not only given these States their organic law but their methods of legal procedure have been in many instances entirely modeled upon the codes of David Dudley Field, a leader of the New York bar, and in every instance they have been modified by these codes. In fact no such profound impression has been made upon the legal procedure of all English speaking peoples as by Field's great work of codification. It was the grandest legal contribution to the history of the-law since the days of Justinian. " But we have not been content with furnishing inventions, liberties and laws to our sister States. We have furnished Governors for every State and Territory west of the Ohio river, and there are to-day more men of New York blood in the United States Senate than from any other State, and the end is not yet. " It was New York's construction of the Erie canal that first opened up the approaches to the great northwest, and New York men and New York money have been foremost in all the great enterprises that built up the mighty west. Three of the four Central Pacific railway builders were sons of our State. The most tremen- dous combination of capital known to history was managed and is controlled by a New York banker. New York city is the great financial and commercial clearing house of North America, and the day is not far distant when she shall be the clearing house of the world. More than half our exports and imports enter at and AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPO«ITION. 37 clear from her ports. She is by far the leading State in finance and manufacturing, and in agriculture stands only third upon the list. " She leads the world in her insurance companies and all the rest of the United States in her banks, her railroads, her schools and her eleemosynary institutions. " The motto of the State is ' Excelsior,' and true to the spirit of continuous endeavor she has wrought grandly for herself, her children and humanity. We may recall and speak of all that she has been and all that she is, not for empty boasting and foolish pride, but as an inspiration to new endeavor, as an incitement to emulat.e the generosity, the fortitude, the loyalty, the spirit of lofty enterprise that charac- terized our fathers and led them up the shining heights of victory to the glowing plains of success. " In the five hundred and nine years since Columbus first saw this new world much has been accomplished in all ways for all men ; most of it in the last century, and most of that in the last fifty years. Events follow each other now under such a pressure and at such a pace that we live longer than our fathers. A great and inspiring future opens before us, a future of dazzling" promise and bewildering oppor- tunity. The twentieth century is to test us as no people ever before were tested. This grand building, a temple of precious woods and marble wrought in exquisite style and harmony, is a pledge that we shall gloriously succeed. Not wholly original in all its suggestions and proportions, it still is purely American -in that itvadopts all the best it can find in the suggestions of the past and adapts it with admirable sagacity to the needs of the present. S-tr^ngth wherever necessary. Beauty where- ever possible. It is devoted to fraternal harmony and international unity. It breathes the spirit of mutual confidence and respect, of reciprocal assistance and good will, and is prophetic of the attitude of United America toward the mighty problems of the twentieth century. We have been the foremost in this noble undertaking. Let us with firm purpose and high resolve flinch from no sacrifice or discipline to maintain foremost in the marching line of progressive communities the banner of the Empire State, Excelsior." President Lockwood : " Ladies and gentlemen, it is with sincere regret that I have to announce to you that Buffalo's grand old man, the Hon. James O. Putnam, who had promised to be here this morning to address us for ten or fifteen minutes, finds himself in a physical condition that prevents him from attending. I know I but express the deep regret of every person here when I make this announcement, for there is no one within our city whom I know you would be more delighted to hear than the gentleman who has gone in and out among us for more than three- quarters of a century, the Hon. James O. Putnam. 38 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS " I see that his honor, the mayor, whose municipality has contributed to the erection of this building, is present, and I take great pleasure in asking him to say a few words on this occasion." Aa^or Dlei)l's Address. Mayor Diehl, in responding, said : " Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen : " After hearing the three orators who have preceded me, and the mention of the name of James O. Putnam, it seems to me that I ought to remain silent. But, as chief executive of this city, I feel it to be my duty, having witnessed for years the work of the Buffalo Historical Society, to say a few words on this occasion. We have all admired the labors of this body of men banded together in a worthy enter- prise, ever ready to put their hands in their pockets and by private subscription promote the public good. In this way they established what we now know as the Buffalo Historical Society. The work grew from small beginnings until to-day it is installed in this magnificent building, originally planned as the New York State building at the Pan-American Exposition, and which, by a happy change, is destined to become the permanent home of the society. I feel that it is our duty, as citizens of Buffalo, to convey our thanks to the State officers who were kind enough to consent to the arrangement by which the city of .Buffalo is to acquire an historical society in reality as well as in name." President Lockwood : " In the absence of Mr. Putnam, I have now the pleasure of introducing to you a very modest young man, who is the representative and official head of the Buffalo Historical Society. I now present to you Mr. Andrew Langdon." J\v. L^angdon's Address. President Langdon of the Buffalo Historical Society said : " Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen : " The chairman of this meeting has treated me worse than he did our friend from Elmira, for he said no word to me that he wanted me to make an exhibit of myself. I, therefore, shall save what little powder I have until the Historical Society comes into its own, and then I shall call upon assistants to do the work and shall sit back and look on. But I am willing to say to you at this time that the Historical Society thanks you sincerely and earnestly for your co-operation in the work accomplished. The society will now have a home for all time, not for a day, not for the exposition period only, but forever. And there is a feature not generally understood, and that AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 39 is that we are to receive a perpetual' endowment from the city of Buffalo for the support of our institution, and we hope that this is only the nucleus around which the Historical Society shall grow and become an institution, not only for Buffalo but for the State of New York. I thank you all." President Lockwood : " This, building is now officially declared open, and we invite your inspection. We would also respectfully invite you, on your way about the building, to linger for a few moments in the dining room, where we shall do our best to entertain you.' This closed the exercises. 'm. 40 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS President's Da^j. /^^N September fifth, President's clay, another important function was held at the ^^ State building. In the afternoon a luncheon was given by the board of man- agers to President McKinley and about fifty diplomats and other dignitaries from all parts of the world. This luncheon was the last event of the kind ever attended by the President, as on the following day he was assassinated in the Temple of Music. Above the door entering the hall in which the luncheon was served a por- trait in oil of the late President, which was kindly loaned for the occasion by Mr. J. Lloyd Jones of Buffalo, N. Y., was placed on the day of the luncheon, and beneath it the President walked as he entered the banquet room. After his death the picture was draped, and during the remaining days of the exposition nearly every visitor who passed beneath it paused to look up at the noble, serious face, shadowed by the folds of mournful crape. Passing on into the. large hall, the visitors were ever more curious to know the exact spot where the President sat, and the guards were kept busy pointing it out to them. At the luncheon the President was in a most cheerful mood, and many of his pleasing remarks made at the time are treasured in the memories of those who sat nearest to him. The luncheon was given immediately after he had delivered his great speech on the Pan-American grounds, and it is not unlikely that the assassin Czolgosh was lurking near the building at the time the President sat at the table, but no opportunity was given him to do his murderous work on that occasion, as a strong police guard was placed about the State building and no person was permitted to enter or even approach the building without a pass. WILLIAM McKIXLEV, TWENTY-FIFIII rRESIDEXT OF THE UNFFED STATES. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 41 Nev ^or^ 3tate Da-^. NEW YORK State day, Wednesday, October nintK, will stand as the most successsful event of the Pan-American Exposition. The attendance on that day, 129,476, was the largest of any day when the full price of admission was charged, and the ceremonial and entertainment features were by far the most satis- factory and successful. Wednesday, September eighteenth, was the date originally fixed for New York State day, but the death of the President on September fifteenth made indefinite postponement necessary. After the President's funeral and when the exposition had reopened its gates the board fixed another date, October .ninth, and set to work to do over again with added energy much of that which had been done in the way of preparation for the day first determined upon. When the programme of the day was over and the great crowd had gone, the •unprecedented success of New York State day was a surprise to the exposition management and to every one exceJDt the members and ofificials of the board of general managers who understood how thoroughly and' intelligently the work of preparation and advertising had been done. The members of the board and their assistants expected all that was realized. They had proceeded upon common sense, business lines and there was nothing problematical about the results. The latter part of July the preparation for New York State day began. A communication was sent to the publisher of every weekly newspaper in the State soliciting his interest and co-operation in making the day the crowning event of the exposition. This was followed by a page of interesting matter descriptive of the attractions of the exposition and giving full information about the arrangements for New York State day. Engraved invitations were next sent to about 20,000 citi- zens, including every state, judicial, legislative, county, city, village, and township official and to every postmaster besides a great number of clergymen, teachers, professional men and various institutions. The invitations contained the full pro- gramme for the day. After that the daily newspapers were taken up and in nearly every daily published in the State a half page or full page advertisement was inserted and paid for. No gratuities were asked for, but no extravagant rates were paid. The railroad companies were induced to lend their aid in advertising the day and greatly reduced rates were secured. Substantial but attractive features were arranged for and intelligently advertised, and carried out as advertised. Posters were put up in all parts of the State and souvenir admission tickets put on sale in hundreds of public places. The people of the whole State were reached after, but 42 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS especial effort was made to interest the people of the rural districts and to make it easy for them to come. And they came from every hamlet and four corners from tl\e Pennsylvania line to the St. Lawrence river and from Long Island to Fredonia. When the first date was postponed, this work had to be done over again, but the second time it was done more thoroughly than the first and the great crowd showed the wisdom of effort. Money was neither spared nor wasted. The day's programme began with an imposing military parade acting as escort to Governor Odell and staff from the City and County Hall of Buffalo to the exposi- tion grounds. Li this parade were, Mounted Squadron A of New York city, the Second Battery of New York city, the Fourth Brigade, N. G. S. N. Y., and other military organizations with Major-General Charles F. Roe as grand marshal of the day. Following the military section were a mile or more of carriages containing invited guests and distinguished citizens of the State. This pageant passed through streets lined with people on either side from the City and County Hall to the gates of the exposition grounds, where a still greater crowd awaited the arrival of the Governor and his escort. On reaching the grounds the procession proceeded to the Stadium where at noon the Governor reviewed the troops. Following the review came the exercises of the day in the Temple of Music, to which only a very small part of the great throng was able to obtain entrance. President D. N. Lockwood of the board of managers presided and in opening the exercises spoke as follows : " Ladies and gentlemen : " By request of the board of managers of the State of New York to this exposi- tion, I have the honor of presiding on this occasion. I desire first on behalf of the commissioners of the State of New York, to thank you and the people of the State of New York for the generous manner in which you have responded, by your pres- ence here to-day, to the invitation to meet one another upon these exposition grounds, and view for yourselves, as citizens of New York, what your commissioners have done, under the commission which you have given to them. And we ask you to examine for yourselves the building which has been erected here for the accom- modation, the convenience, and the pleasure of the citizens of New York who may attend this exposition. " We ask you to go through the exhibits of horticulture, agriculture, mines, and the other buildings which have sprung up here under the direction of your commis- sioners, representing the people of the State of New York, and examine them with care. We ask you also to look at the individual exhibits which are made through AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 43 • the generosity, the industry, and the enterprise of individual citizens of the great State of New York. "And now, Mr. President of the Pan-American Exposition Company, I desire to assure you that the hundreds of thousands of citizens of the State who are here to-day witli tlie Governor of the State and its other representatives, are here, sir, to testify by their presence their appreciation and their satisfaction with the work which you and your associates have done in the creation of this, one of the most unique, one of the greatest, and one of the most wonderful expositions that have yet been presented to the civilized world. " I now have the pleasure, ladies and gentlemen, to present to you Mr. John G. Milburn, the president of the Pan-American Exposition." Mr. Milburn said : ''''Mr. President, Governor Odell, ladies and gentlemen : " For the words of praise of the exposition which have been spoken by the chair- man I tender him my heartfelt thanks. It has been a laborious work to produce and to carry on this exposition. And the greatest reward that can come to us is the sense that it is recognized as being meritorious and worthy. If I were to attempt to state even a small part of the obligation of the exposition to the State of New York I should have to make a speech, and I am not here, I am glad to say, for that purpose. " We have assembled to greet and welcome the Governor of the State, repre- senting the whole State, to see and to listen to him, and to see and listen to the distinguished orator of the day, and I don't propose to stand in the way of the enjoyment you are going to have for more than a moment ; but I can't let this occasion pass without thanking the Governor, and through him his predecessor, now President of the United States, and the State officials and members of the Legisla- ture, for the great aid and support they have rendered to the exposition from the very beginning, and which went far to make it possible. " I wish to thank them for that aid and support as fervently as it is in my power to do, for the result is the splendid building permanently added to the treasures of our city, and the exhibit made of the resources and capacities and civilization of our State, and the co-operation from the very beginning of you, Mr. Chairman, of the board of State commissioners, and all of the members of that board, in making the exposition effective and successful. " Ladies and gentlemen, no greater pleasure can fall to my lot as an officer of the exposition than to extend a hearty and heartfelt welcome to the Governor of the State, our great and true friend throughout, to all the State officials here, and to all 44 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS the good and true people of the State, who have come together to make this a glorious day in the life and history of the exposition." President Lockwood : " Ladies and gentlemen, I now have the honor of present- ing to you the Governor of the State of New York." [. the Governor and invited guests were given a dinner in the New York State Iiuilding by the board of general managers, and in the evening the most elaborate display of fire\\-orks witnessed on the grounds during the exposition was given. Governor Odell antl his part\' remained in I^uffalo for a number of days and were the guests at a number of public and social functions. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 59 lytst of Pfindpal Events at tl)e Nev ^or^ ^tate ^ailding. 1 901 May 20 Dedication Day. Procession, inspection of building, lunch, etc. June 7 Women's Federation of Literary Clubs, audience room; Mrs. Chas. M. Dow, president. Addresses by Frederic Taylor and Mrs. A. G. Hauenstein. Large attendance. 12 Coal-Men's Day. Meeting in audience room, presided over by Col. J. H. Horton. Addresses by Hon. D. N. Lockwood, Mayor Dielil, Col. Thos. Lavvler, Capt. J. B. Conard, Major Thos. Elliot of Brantford, Ont., and others. July 13 Meeting American Library Association and evening reception. 16 Meeting and luncheon of New York Electrical Contractors' Association. V 23 Meeting and entertainment by Executive Commissioners' Association. 23 Meeting Catholic Mutual Benefit Association. 25 Gov. B. B. Odell, Jr., and party, entertained at dinner at 7 : 30 P. M. Aug. 6 Opening Day. Exercises at 11 A. M. in audience room; luncheon in ban- quet hall I to 4 P. M. 8 Meeting Balcom family. ""^ 10 Meeting International Association of Milliners. 17 Informal reception of Gen. Miles and party, governor's room. 20 Meetings, American Institute Electrical Engineers. 20 New York State Stenographers' Association. 21 New York State Stenographers' Association. 22 New York State Stenographers' Association. 22 Informal receptions to Gov. Heard and staff of Louisiana, and Gov. Tyler and staff of Virginia, governor's room. Luncheon to mayor of Syracuse and party. 23 Luncheon to Gov. J. Hoge Tyler, staff and party of Virginia. Meeting Engine^ Brigade, Army of the Potomac, audience room. 27 Meeting Society of Porto Rico Expedition. Address by Gen. Nelson A. Miles. 31 Reception and luncheon of Mystic Shrine. Sept. 4 Meeting New England Grocers' Association. International Press Union of Women. 5 Reception and luncheon in honor of President McKinley, the Cabinet and Diplomatic Corps. 6o REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS AT PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. I901 Sept. 6 Meeting, General Society of Mayflower descendants. 7 Meeting Fourteenth New Yorl< Heavy Artillery. 10 Meeting Edison Association Illuminating Companies. 11 Reception and dinner in honor of Gov. Wm. Gregory and staff of Rhode Island. 17 Meeting, Society of Secretaries of Lumber Associations. 21 Nurses' Associated Alumnje, meeting and reception. 24 Luncheon for New York State Insurance Commissioners. 26 Merchants' Exchange reception to New England cotton manufacturers. 27 Luncheon to General Passenger Agents (Vanderbilt lines) and Pan- American Railroad Committee. "30 New York State Federation of Women's Clubs, meeting and I'eception. Evening reception, banquet, etc., by " The Five Central-American Republics." Oct. 2 Luncheon to general passenger agents. 3 American Institute of Architects, meetings and luncheon. Luncheon to mayor of Toronto and party. Luncheon to Gov. Savage and staff of Nebraska. 5 Peruvian Commission, reception and luncheon. 8 Meeting Railway Signaling Club. Luncheon to Gov. Yates and staff of Illinois. 9 New York State Day. Parade, review, balloon race, luncheon, exercises at Temple of Music, dinner to Gov. Odell and staff and party, fire- works, etc. 10 Meeting of Medal of Honor Legion. 12 International Sunshine Association, meeting and reception. 16 Luncheon to Gov. Voorhis and staff of New Jersey. ig Joint meeting Daughters American Revolution and Sons American Revolution. 22 Manufacturers' Club, reception and banquet. • 24 Director-General Buchanan, farewell dinner to associates. Nov. I Dinner to heads of departments and executive officers and employees of the board of general managers. 2 Type-writing contest, audience room, music, fireworks, confetti, etc. R^eport of tl)e Agricattarat Gxl)ibit. By J. H. DURKEE, Superintendent. NEW YORK State has no distinctive agricultural product, but grows nearly everything, in larger or smaller quantities, that is grown in the north temperate zone. In collecting and installing this exhibit the aim was to gather these varied products and arrange them so as to show the real grain or vegetable to the best advantage, rather than to show a fancifully arranged display of such products, which would be of little or no value to those interested in practical agriculture. With this end in view each section of the State was drawn upon for the best samples of the staple crops of that section. These samples were carefully inspected by competent judges and only those of real merit were placed in the collection for exhibit. So. thoroughly was this work of selection done that every sample in the collection received an award. That the exhibit might be of greatest value to those interested in agricultural pursuits, on each of the 5,000 and odd samples was placed a card giving the name and variety of the sample, also the name and post office address of the grower, and every day men could be seen with pencil and paper in hand taking names and addresses for future correspondence. The list giving the names and varieties of the grains and vegetables and the number of samples of each exhibited shows that New York is truly the Empire State as far as agricultural products are concerned. New York was the only State that made a continuous display of vegetables, and its display was greatly admired and favorably commented upon. From the opening of the exposition in May until its close in November, the tables in the New York State exhibit were loaded with vegetables. Potatoes, beets, onions, pumpkins, squash, carrots, turnips and other standard vegetables of the crop of 1900 were kept in cold storage and brought out and used until the crop of igoi was ready to take their places. When the, exposition closed in November there were on exhibit thirty-seven varieties of potatoes of the crop of 1900 which looked as fresh as those of the crop of 1901. Among those who deserve credit for making a large and continuous exhibit of a general collection of vegetables are J. M. Thorburn & Co., New York, Cornell University, Ithaca, and Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester. Messrs. Thorburn & 61 62 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Co. had in May a fine exhibit of vegetalbles from their hot-houses on Long Island. They made weekly and liberal shipments through the entire season. Their samples were of the rarest, choicest and best, and many a discussion took place at their tables regarding some unfamiliar specimens. They exhibited water melons, musk melons, cauliflower, cabbage, etc., in June. In September they sent in one shipment more than a ton of squash and pumpkins (forty varieties of squash and eight of pumpkins), making the finest display of those two products ever shown at an exposition. They made twenty-six shipments of vegetables during the season. Cornell University began in May with a fine display and continued it through the season. Their display of tomatoes was especially fine. They began in May with five varieties ; in September they had seventy-five, and closed in November with fifty-one. To Mr. Hunn, the practical gai'dener at Cornell, much credit is due for the raising and selection of specimens, care in packing, arrangement, etc. Cornell made twenty-nine shipments during the season. While Briggs Bros. & Co. did not begin quite so early as the others, they fully made up in variety and frequency of shipments. They had the largest variety and the greatest number of entries of any exhibitor. They made thirty shipments dur- ing the season. The celery exhibit in October was a special feature. At one time there were on exhibit over 2,000 heads, James Vick's Sons of Rochester furnishing- 1,020; Niagara Celery Company, Buffalo, 720; J. Schwingle of Burns, 300. The exhibit was kept up by the addition of fresh stock as needed.. About 4,000 heads in all were exhibited. The principal exhibitors of potatoes were Merritt J. Buntin, who had 130 varieties of the crop of 1900, and 97 varieties of the crop of 1901, and C. W. Ford & Co., who exhibited 65 varieties of the crop of 1900 and no of the crop of 1901. The others who contributed in making this exhibit both educational and profitable will be found in the tabulated statement. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 63 ^3tatenlent -31)0 ving tl)e Name of l^acl) Cirain or $zzi ^x.i)Mtzi, Namber of Varieties and Total Namber of Samples ]ftxl)ibited. NAME. Asparagus, Artichoke, Anise, 1 Alfalfa, Beans, Buckwheat, Barley, Butternuts, Beets, Brussel sprouts, Broccoli, Broom corn. Black walnuts. Corn, Cucumbers, Citron, Celery, Cabbage, Carrot, Cauliflower, Celerac, Chicory, Dandelion, Drill, Egg plant. Endive, Flax seed. Flower seeds, Grass seed. Horehound, Hyssop, - Hemp, Hungarian grass. Hickory nuts. Hops, NO. OF NO. OF ENTRIES OR VARIETIES SAMPLES. 4 5 I I I . I I 2 119 235 4 45 6 26 4 15 3 12 3 5 I I 2 5 2 9 "5 467 15 20 2 2 5 S 5 8 4 7 2 2 2 2 2 3 I 2 I I 5 13 2 3 2 5 67 67 62 149 I I 2 2 2 3 4 6 2 6 I 3 64 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS NAME. .Hazel nuts, Kale, Kolil-rabi, Kentucky blue grass, Lettuce, Leek, * Lavender, Nasturtium, Oats, Onions, Okra, Peas, Pumpkins, Parsnips, Pepper, Parsley, Parsnips, Radishes, Rye, Rape, Rhubarb, Ruta-baga, Rosemary, Red top. Spinach, Squash, Salsify, Sea kale. Sunflower, Saffron, Sweet fennel. Sweet basil, Sage, - Savory, Sugar cane. Sweet marjoram, Swede, Sorghum, Speltz, NO. OF NO. OF ENTRIES OR VARIETIES. SAMPLES. I I 2 3 2 3 I 1 6 12 2 4 I I 2 a 28 117 7 7 2 4 75 £44 S II 5 8 2 4 2 3 2 4 5 7 12 54 2 8 2 3 2 3 I I 2 2 3 9 5. IS 2 5 I I 2 6 I I I I I I 2 2 2 2 2 3 I 2 I I 5 10 I 1 AGRICULTURAL EXHIBIT, MAIN ENTRANCE. AT THE PAX-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 65 NAME. Swiss chard, Tares, Turnips, Tobacco, Tomato, Thyme, Timothy, Vetches, Wheat, Wool, Water melon. Wormwood, Wild rice, Walnuts, NO. OF NO. OF ENTRIES OR VARIETIES. SAMPLES. I I 2 2 6 8 3 32 4 8 2 2 I 3 2 6 804 1 122 7 7 7 23 I I I 2 I 3 66 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 3eed and (iroiii ^xt)Mt. EXHIBITOR. ARTiCLg. - NUMBER OF VARIETIES. D. E. Ayres, Elmira,- Beans, I -Corn, 3 Oats, Spring tares. William R. Andrews, Bristol, Corn, Oats, - Anthony Austin, Mandana, Wheat, Theo. F. Armstrong, Warwick, Wheat, Henry Atlsy, Lagrangeville, Wheat, W. G. Archer, Clifton Springs, Oats, - Chas. Andrews, Lagrangeville, Corn, H. Alley, Lagrangeville, Corn, T. J. Anold, Pawling, Corn, John D. Anderson, Beans, Robert Anderson, Florida, Corn, E. R. Austin, Horseheads, Corn, Thomas Ansley & Son, Hartwick, Wool, Brooks Bros., Painted Post, Wheat, Buckwheat, - ^ Corn, , Grass seed. Oats, Geo. W. Brooks, Painted Post, Wheat, Rye, Corn, Mustard,. - Oats, E. T. Brizzee, Hopewell, Wheat, Barley, Corn, - „ . . 7 Oats, - ' - - - I AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 67 Seed and Grain Exhibit — -Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. J. S. Barber, East Elba, Wheat, • Frank Bignall, Elba, Rye, OatSj F. H. Barringer, Phelps, '-' Wheat, Oats, - Frank G. Bridger, Phelps, Wheat, Oats, C. R. Burnett, Phelps, Wheat, W. H. Baker, Freedom Plains, Buckwheat, James W. Bunn, Borodino, Popcorn, Ward Bunner, Italy Hill, Wheat, Lewis Barto, Sullivanville, Buckwheat, Frank Bissell, Le Roy, - Barley, H. Bartels, East Oakfield, - Wheat, B. R. Boyd, North Conesus, Oats, - F. S. Earner, Millbrook, Oats, C. D. Burch, Dryden, Oats, ■ John E. Blanchard, Southport, - Butternuts, W. H. Brown, Manchester Bridge, Corn, W. D. Barnes & Son, Middle Hope, Corn, Nathaniel Barnes, Middle Hope, Corn, Aaron Barber, Avon, Oats, Wheat, J. J. Bell, Deposit, Corn, 2 Peas, 3 Beans, 2 Lawn grass. I Cucumber, 1 Citron, I Asparagus, I Spinach, - - - • 2 68 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS SeeC and. Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. J. J. ^ellj Deposit, Pumpkin, r » Squash, 3 Celery, I Lettuce, I ■■■\' Parsnips, I ., - ■ Salsify, I Turnips, 2 Beets, 2 Cabbage, I Radish, - r Husk melon, I Onions, r Pepper, I Water melon, I John Brooks, Florida, Corn, 2 John Brand & Co., Elmira, Tobacco (samples), 3° Boyle & Williams, Bradford, Pa., - • Maple syrup, - 2 Maple sugar, - 2 Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, Beans, 64 Peas, 61 Corn, - ■ . 32 Artichoke, Asparagus, - . . , Beets, Brussels sprouts, Broccoli, Cabbage, Carrot, Cauliflower, ' - Celery, Celeriac, AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. I Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. 69 NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, Chervil, I Chicory, I CoUards, I Corn salad, I i Cress, I Cucumber, 3 ' Dandelion, I Egg plant, , I ■ Endive, I Kale, I Kohl-rabi, 1 Leek, I Lettuce, 3 Musk melon. I Water melon. 7 Mushroom spawn. I Mustard, 2 Onion, - I Parsley, I Parsnip, I Pepper, I Pumpkin, 5 Radish, I Rape, - 2 Rhubarb, I ' Salsify, I Sea kale, I Spinach, 2 Squash, S Sunflower, I Tobacco, I 70 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, - Tomato, Turnip, Ruta-l)aga, Anise, Rosemary, Caraway, Saffron, Coriander, - Sweet Fennel. Horehound, Sweet Basil, - Lavender, Sage, Hyssop, Rue, 2 ft , Summer Savory, Sweet Marjoram, Thyme, Wormwood, Grass, Oats, Sugar Cane, Hungarian, t German Millet, Clover, - 5 Buckwheat, 2 Broom Corn, I Canary, I Flax, I Hemp, I Vetches, 2 Flower Seeds, 67 AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. is Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. n INUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Frank H. Battles, Rochester, Beans, 14 Beet-, - I ' Cabbage, I Carrot. 2 Celery, - I Corn, - 15 Lettuce, I Cucumber, 2 Musk Melon, I Water Melon, I Onion, I Peas, - 20 \ Parsnip, I Pumpkin, 2 Radish, - I Squash, I Tomato, I Turnip, 1 Pop Corn, 4 Oats, - 2 Field Corn, 12 Mangel-Wurzel, 2 Buckwheat, I Sunflower, I Rape, I . Timothy, Battles', I Beans, Soja, I Clover, 4 Grass, 2 Battles' Mixture for Pasture, I Hungarian, I German Millet, I 72 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. ■^v'';:v-'',"''r" NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Lafayette Cole, Southport, Wheat, 2 Rye, I S. W. Clark, Elmira, - Wheat, 5 Rye, - - - 2 Barley, 3 Buckwheat, i- 2 Corn, 8 Oats, - . . - 6 J. H. Clark, Manlius, Corn, - - - ' I Oats, '';;'.;.■.* I Henry Carpenter, Manlius, Corn, - - 2 ' "^ ' , Oats, I John W. Crowley, Erwin, Wheat, I Corn, I Oats, - I C. Coolidge, Phelps, - - . - Wheat, - - - . . 2 -" ,■■*-' "-"' Rye, I Grass Seed} - I Buckwheat, I Corn, IS Oats, - 5 Beans, - - - - I H. J. Clark, Savona, - - - Wheat, I J * Rye, I Buckwheat, 2 Oats, 3. I. L. Corbett, Pawling, Wheat, I C. Collins, Victor, Wheat, I J. Courtwright, Corryland, Buckwheat, 1 Cleveland Seed Co., Cape Vincent, - Peas, ... 44 B.eans, 37 W. W. Chiner, Manlius, Oats, .... - I o H u w •A AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 73 Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Thomas Cross, Poughkeepsie, Oats, - I W. W. Christie, East Pembroke, Corn, I E. E. Crosby, Lockport, Clover Seed, I ' Cornell University, Ithaca, Wheat, - I20 Oats, - 2 Rye (not named). 12 Wheat (not named). SI Grass, 40 Wheat, 13 Crossman Bros., Rochester, Peas, 21 Beans, 21 Corn, 13 Asparagus, Beets, Sugar Beets, Mangle, I Cabbage, 2 Carrot, - Celery, Corn Salad, - Collards, Chicory, Cress, Cucumber, Dandelion, Egg Plant, Endive, Kale, I.eek, Lettuce, Martynia, Mustard, 74 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL. MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Coniinued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Grossman Bros., Rochester, Nasturtium, I Musk Melon, I Water Melon, 5 Okra, I Onion, I Pepper, I Parsley,. I Parsnips, I Pumpkin, 2 Radish, , - - 2 Rhubarb, I Salsify, I Spinach, 2 Squash, - 2 Tobacco, I Sunflower, I Tomato, 2 Turnip, Swede, Corilander, Drill, - Sage, Summer Savory, Sweet Basil, Sweet Marjoram, Thyme, Red Top, Kentucky Blue, Fescue Meadow, Perennial Rye Grass, Sweet Vernal, Clover, - - - AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 75 Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued.- NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Grossman Bros., Rochester, Broom Corn, Canary, - Flax, ■* Hemp, 1 Honey Locust, 1 Osage Orange, Sugar Cane, : Wild Rice, ' Rape, Buckwheat, Wm. Curray & Son., Hartwick, Wool (sample), - E. L. Clarkson, Tivoli, Rye, Jacob Dudenhiver, Handy Greek, Rye, Dunsmore Bros., Sandy Hill, Wheat, - : Rye, Barley, , Buckwheat, Oats, C. E. Drake, Seneca Castle, Wheat, Barley, : Oats, - Corn, Fred H. Dann, Walton, Buckwheat, Corn, Oats, - Seth Devine, Sandy Hill, - Wheat, Stephen Dillingham, Oakfield, Beans, Addison Dweller, Manlius, : Oats, James Darch, Byron Center, Oats, - Matie J. Dann, Walton, Butternuts, Dana & Schauck, Avon, - : Oats, - - - W. E. Dana, Avon, - ' - Wheat, .... 76 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS -Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. W. E. Dana, Avon; Oats, J . H. Durkee, Sandy Hill, Flax Seed, Cow Peas, Pop Corn, Hemp, Clover Seed, - Vetches, Peas, 2 Corn, 7 Walter Dyer, Clifton Springs, Corn, 3 F. E. Dawley, Fayetteville, Wool (samples). 4 Albert Evans, Skaneateles, - Popcorn, L. D. Edminister, Cayutaville,'- -. - Beans, F. A. Edwin, Erwin, Wheat, Corn, Oats, Scott E. Erwin, Painted Post, Wheat, David Everson, Manlius, Oats, - ... Frank Elting, Ohioville, Oats, Corn, Wra. T. Elliott, Elmira, Oats, Freeman Edgerton, Elba, - Corn, F. H. Ebeling, Syracuse, Peas, 4 Beans, - 3 Corn, - 1 1 Pumpkin Seed, I Quack Grass Seed, I Alfalfa, I Hungarian, 1 Clover, 2 Blue Grass*Seed, I Rape Seed, " ■ - - I AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. n Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. F. H. Ebeling, Syracuse. Onions, Crimson Clover Seed, Orchard Grass Seed, - Oats, Wheat, Sorghum, Flax, Bent Grass Seed Beet Seed, Millet, Barley, Timothy Seed, Lawn Grass Seed, Spinach, Buckwheat, C. M. Everts, North Hector, - Speltz, A. H. Elliott, Garretsville, - Wool (sample), - Frederick Fuhoman, Indian Falls, Rye, Buckwheat, A. B. Fitch, Horseheads, Wheat, 1 - F. E. Ford, Painted Post, Corn, - Oats, M. E. Ferguson. Florida, Buckwheat, Corn, E. W. Farnsw'orth, Oakfield, Beans, Corn, Elmer Fuller, Sandy Hill, Rye, Buckwheat, Robert Ferguson, Florida, Corn, Frank Garwood, Batavia, Buckwheat, - - - - L. E. Gifford, Phelps, Wheat, Buckwheat, - - - ■ r 78 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. L. E. Gifford, Phelps, Corn, - 8 J. 0. Goble, Florida, • Rye, - I Gerling Brothers, Rochester, Wheat, 5 Rye, 2 Buckwheat, 3 Corn, 2 Oats, - - • ;; ■ ' ■ 2 J. V. Genniig, Freedom Plains, Wheat, Corn, John Griggs, Fayetteville, - - Corn, John R. Gayton, Le Roy, Wheat, - - - M. D. Green, Pawling, Corn, E. E. Gelder, Seneca Castle, Corn, - Joseph Greenwood, Horseheads, Corn, Harrison Hale, Manlius, • Wheat, John Heib, Hendy Creek, Rye, William Hayton, Elmira, Popcorn, Chestnuts, Black Walnuts, - Butternuts, Hops, Hickory Nuts, Peas, Jay Hanson, Horseheads, Wheat, Corn, Mrs. Mary Heller, Elmira, - Grass Seed, John I. Howell, Horseheads, Clover Seed, Grass Seed, Oscar Hopkins, Laurens, Corn, - Oats, 3 Levant Hackley, Batavia, Beans, 2 Popcorn, I AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 79 Seed and- Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. S. B. Huston, Florida, Wheat, 2 J. C. Howard, Irondequoit, Wheat, I Rye, I Corn, 8 r.^ Pumpkin, 3 Sunflower, I Cow Peas, - I Canary Seed, I Ed. S. Hill, Pineville, Wheat, ' - 2 Buckwheat, 2 John W. Huston, Florida, Oats, I Wheat, 2 Rye, I W. P. Hewson, West Seneca, Wheat, I Rye, I ' Grass Seed, 2 Sorghum, 2 1 Peas, 2 Barley, 2 Buckwheat, I Beans, 3 Corn, 5 Oats, 2 Mrs. W. G. Haviland, West Hoosick, Rye, I • Grass, 32 James Henry, Poughkeepsie, -i Wheat, I Rye, r I Bilckwheat, 2 Albert Haight, Fishkill Valley, ' Wheat, r J. M. Ham, Washington Hollow, Rye, I J. K. Huston, Florida, - Rye, I Robert B. Hancock, Sandy Hill, Beans, - - - I 8o REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL ' lilANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. 0. H. Hackley, Oakfield, Barley, G. Avery Hiles, Dry den, Oats, Mark Haney, Victor, Oats, Hiler Bros., Prattsburg, - Oats, Mrs. W. G. Haviland, West Hoosick, Grasses, 15 Chas. E. Halstead, Clinton Hollow, 'Corn, C. H. Houghtaling, Painted Post, Walnuts, Geo. Halzer, Painted Post, Butternuts, J. L. Hayner, Pawling, Corn, - Eugene Ham, Verbank. Corn, M. N. Hamilton, East Avon, Corn, Jame^ M. Hedges, Edenville, - Corn, Harvey Seed Co., Buffalo, Grass Seed, 16 Sunflower, I Millet, - 2 Sweet Corn, 3 Beans, 4 Popcorn, 4 Corn, - 5 Peas, 4 Sorghum^ I Henry Horrocks, Chadwick, Corn, - 2 Popcorn, 2 Herman Inglis, Chapinville, - Oats, I F. L. Jennings, Elmira, Grass Seed, 2 Peas, ^ 2 Beans, - 2 Corn, - 12 Oats, I Spring Tares, I Canary Seed, - I Peter Johnson, Florida, Buckwheat, I AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. Seed and Grain 'Ey.iiimT: —^ Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Peter Johnson, Florida, Sweet Corn, 2 Lyons Jule, Jackson, Wheat, I C. S. Jessup, Florida, Wheat, 3 Joseph Jeffery, Trumansburg, Beans, 3 James Johnson, Southport, Wheat, I A. N. Jones, Newark, Wheat (kinds), 708 Geo. Knickerbocker, Phelps, Wheat, Corn, Oats, C. F. King, Etna, Wheat, Geo. W. Ketchem, Victor. Barley, - Buckwheat, Corn, Oats, N. B. Keeney, LeRoy, • Beans, J. R. Kinsella, Erwin, Rye, Buckwheat, P. R. Kinsella, Painted'Post, Wheat, Cyrus Knapp, Etna, Oats, Nicholas Kircher, Elba, Oats, J. R. Kinsella, Erwin, Oats, H. Kinney & Son, Fort Edward, Chestnuts, 0. M. Lincoln, Newark, Wheat, Oats, Will Leroy, Phelps, Corn, C. H. Lorell, Painted Post, Corn, C. C. LaGrange, Slingerlands, - Wheat, Rye, Oats, Corn, Oscar J. Lewis, Schodack Center, Beans, 2 Corn, 4 82 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Cantinued. EXHIBITOR. Oscar J. Lewis, Schodack Center, J. Hart Latting, Shortsville, Thomas P. Larkins, Skaneateles, Jacob Lewis, Knox, - Andrew Lormor, Dryden, Bruce Le Mont, Dryden, Martin Leach, Pawling, Daniel Lacy, Avon, John McCann, Elmira, John McCann, 2nd, Elmira, James D. McCann, Elmira, B. B. McDowell, Van Etten, Harry J. McCann, Elmira, ARTICLE. Guy Mathews, Southport, Oats, Wheat, Wheat, Beans, Oats, Oats, Corn, Oats, Wheat, Peas, Buckwheat, Corn, Oats, Flax Seed, Clover Seed, Corn, Wheat, Rye, Corn, Oats, Oats, - Broom Corn, Clover Seed, Millet, Hemp, Butternuts, Black Walnuts, Butternuts, Hickory Nuts, Golden Walnuts, Chestnuts, - Corn, NUMBER OF VARIETIES. 12 4 I I 2 4 I 6 4 3 AT THE PAN-AMEKICAN EXPOSITION. 83 Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Daniel Moon, Italy Hill, Beans, I W. W. Mackey, Satintown, Wheat, 2 \ Rye, - Buckwheat, Beans, Corn, Oats, - Robert Middlebrook, Manchester, Wheat, Elmer Mills, Chittenango, Wheat, ' Oats, - Chas. Minfoot, Freedom Plains, Wheat, Corn, E. M. Multhoop, Batavia, Barley, W. F. Marks, Chapinville, Beans, W. S. Martin, Watkins, Buckwheat, Oats, Geo. Miller, Horseheads, Oats, Michael Miller, North Pembroke, Corn, James 0. Manning, Elmira, Black Walnuts, Butternuts, Hickory Nuts, - Golden Walnuts, Chestnuts, - J. A. Manning, Elmira Heights, Corn, I r Rye, - 2 Oats, 2 Beans, I E. 0. Mantle, Harrisville, Maple Sugar, - I J. R. Norton, Elba, Corn, I James Nooman, East Avon, - Beans, 2 Corn, I N. Y. State Commission, - Butternuts, 2 84 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. NUMBER OF VARIETIES. N. Y. State Commission, Black Walnut.?, Hickory Nuts, Chestnuts, - Hops, 2 Conrad Neider, Phelps, . Corn, - C. B. Owen, Jacksonville, Wheat, E. S. Orr, Lindley, Wheat, N. Osborne, Batavia, Beans, Will Oaks, Oaks Corners, Wheat, _- Oats, Corn, - B. N. Osborne, Van Etten, Barley, Buckwheat, Henry Palmer, Trumansburg, Oats, Barley, i, Chas. Peck, Phelps, Wheat, Corn, Oats, D. L. Prisch, Middleport, Beans, Henry Percy, Phelps, Barley, - Corn, M. F. Pierson, Seneca Castle, Wheat, Rye, Grass Seed, Corn, 67 S. R. Post, Elba, Wheat, .... Oats, - .' Edwin Pettii., Skaneateles, Rye, Morton Phelps, Castle, Beans, E. r. Plunkett, Lindley, Oats, ' .... W. D. Palmer, Batavia, - Oats, . . : . Wm. H. Purdy, South Livonia, - Oats, AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 85 Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Geo. T. Penny, Patterson, C. E. Parker, Akron, Mrs. Israel Quance, Batavia, Samuel L. Quiniby, Marlboro, Elmer Ranny, Phelps, Geo. Rogers, Manchester Bridge, W. C. Rabb, Dale, August Reamer, Batavia, D. R. Robinson; Fishkill Place, L. E. Reed & Son, East Pembroke, M. W. Robbins, Corning, M. N. Robinson, Water Vale, Jerome B. Rice Seed Co.. Cambridge, N. Y. NUMBER ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Corn, Corn, Corn, Corn, Barley, Wheat, Rye, „, Wheat, 2 Beans, 4 Wheat, Wheat, Corn, Wheat, Buckwheat, - Oats, Peas, 7 Beans, 6 Corn, 6 Beets, 2 Asparagus, Carrots, Corn Salad, Cress, Cabbage, Celery, Cucumber, Egg Plant, Endive, ;,Kohl Rabi, Leek, Lettuce, 2 Musk Melon, - - - I 86 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. .OF VARIETIES. Jerome B. Rice Seed Co., Cambridge, N. Y. Water Melon, Nasturtium, . Okra, - Onion, Parsley, ! Parsnips, ., Pepper, - 7 Pumpkin, Radish, - Rape, Salsify, - Spinach, Squash, - f Tomato, Turnip, Rutabaga, W. D. Stowe, Horseheads, Corn, Chas. Sutton, Clifton Springs, Rye, H. S. Selover, Trumansburg, Corn, Henry Scofield, Dryden, Corn, Fred Stowe, Horseheads, Corn, John D. Shufelt, South Schodack, Corn, - - - Rye, Oats, - A. G. Scoville. Manlius, Corn, Joseph Strong, Manlius, Corn, - - - 2 Jacob Sly, Florida, Wheat, 3 Wesley Schoolcraft, Altamont, - Wheat, Rye, - - - Oats, - - - - Shanhan Bros., Oran, - - - Corn, P. H. Skidmore, Beckman, Wheat. ^ - AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 87 Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. P. H. Skidmore, Beckman, Oats, I Corn, 2 Ernest f. Short, Hemlock, Wheat, Barley, D. H. Scanlon, Manlius, Wheat, Oats, Corn, C. F. Saul, Syracuse, Beans, Wheat, Rye, Popcorn, Buckwheat, 10 ■ Barley, 2 Corn, 7 Peas, - 16 James Shanahan, Manlius, Oats, 2 C. J. Stewart, Painted Post, - Oats, Barley, G. D. Smith, Pulaski, Oats, James Stringham, Le Roy, Wheat, Rob't Smith, Freedom Plains, Corn, Henry Stevens, Patterson, Corn, T. W. Swift, Wassaic, Corn, W. P. Schanck, Avon, Sweet Corn, Leroy Sybrandt, Royalton, Oats, Oren 0. Shippy, Ransomville, Popcorn, Geo. H. Trapp, McLean, Wheat, Oats, Martin E. Tripp, Dryden, Corn, D. W. Thomas, Irondequoit, Wheat, M. W. Taylor, Wampsville, Corn, .1 Geo. M. Tallcot, Skaneateles, Wheat, 88 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Harvey Tyler, Elmbois, J. M. Thorburn & Co., New York, H. Van Anken, Phelps, C. F. Vanderhoff, Elmira, Burt Vandermark, Phelps, - Franklin Velie, Campbells, Chas. Vehl, Dunnbrook, James Vick's Sons, Rochester, ARTICLE. Buckwheat, Corn, Peas, Beans, - Wheat, Buckwheat, Wheat, '^- Barley, Rye, Beans, Corn, - Popcorn, Hickory Nuts, -. Butternuts, Oats, Hickory Nuts, Corn, Asparagus, Beans, Beets, Swiss Chard, Brussels Sprouts^ Cabbage, Carrots, Cauliflower, Celery, Chicory, Collards, Corn Salad, Corn,' Cress, Cucumber, NUMBER OF VARIETIES. I i6 13 22 2 2 I 2 I I I 2 I I I I I I 27 4 I I 2 2 1 I I I I 26 I 3 "AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 89 Seed and Grain Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. James Vick's Sons, Rochester, - Egg Plant, I Lettuce, 2 Leek, Kohl Rabi, - Kale, - Mushroom, Musk Melon, Water Melon, Okra, - Onion, Parsnip, Peas, 31 Clay's Cow Peas, Pumpkin, Radish, Rhubarb, Salsify, Spinach, Squash, Tomato, Turnip, Ruta Baga, Red Top, Sweet Vernal, - Bromus Inermis, Hungarian, German Millet, Timothy, Blue Grass, % I White Dutch Clover, Medium Red Clover, Clover Seed, 2 90 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Seed and Grain ExHiBrT — Continued. • NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. James Vick's Sons, Rochester, Alfalfa, I Sorghum, S Hedge Grass, I Teosinte, I Wild Rice, I Broom Corn, I Osage Orange, I Lathyous Sylvestris, I Giant Spurry, I Barley, 2 Buckwheat, 2 Rye, I Sunflower^ - '- I Wheat, 2 • Vetches, I Rape, I Orlando Wheeler, Wheeler, Beans, I Geo. J. Williamson, Altamont, - .. Buckwheat, I Alfred Westfall, Phelps, Wheat, - -. - 2 0. M. Wixon, Elmira, Wheat, 2 Rye, - - I Buckwheat, 3 Corn, - 2 Oats, 3 B. F. Westfall, Phelps, - Wheat, 2 John Wheeler, Wellsburg, Wheat, Anson Williams, Daws, Beans, M. H. Williams, Daws, Wheat, / Corn, - - - H. E. Waite, Painted Post, Oats, H. J. Weston, Oaks Corners, Hops, F. C._ Wilcox, Painted Post, Hazel Nuts, AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. Seed and Grain Exhibit — Concluded. 91 EXHIBITOR. Geo. W. Whaley, Patterson, M. Wird, Avon, Whitney-Eckstein Seed Co., Buffalo, ARTICLE Corn, Wheat, Peas, - Beans, - Kaffir Corn, Cow Peas, Sorghum, Vetches, Rape Seed, Clover Seed, Rye Grass Seed, Grass Seed, NUMBER OF VARIETIES. 1 2 I r I lO Hungarian Seed, I Corn, 5 Buckwheat, I Rye, I Barley, I Orchard Grass Seed, I White Clover Seed, I Millet Seed (9 kinds). I Broom Corn, I Gilbert Williams, Sandy Hill, Corn, 3 H. P. Wilcox, Jamestown, Corn, 2 William Young, Batavia, Beans, I Anthony Yaslin, Sandy Hill, Buckwheat, I 92 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Statement (living tfee Name, Namber of Varieties and tl)e Namber of :^ntries of l^ac!) Vegetable. NAME. NUMBER OF VARIETIES. NUMBER OK ENTRIES OR SAMPLES. Artichokes, - I i Beans, - S8 179 Beets, - . 34' 93 Brussels Sprouts, - 1 I Cucumber, - - 40 84 Carrots, - - 24 - 108 Cabbage, - 40 ,97 Cauliflower, 10 21 Citron, - 2 13 Celerac, - 2 4 Cardoon, - 2 2 Cotton Plant, - I I Chicory, - I I Dandelion, - I 2 Drill, - I I Egg Plant, - 10 16 Endive, - 7 15 ' Garlic, 2 3 Gourds, . 10 n Horseradish, - I I Kohl Rabi, 5 12 Kale, . 5 14 Lettuce, - 45 77 Leeks, . 3 6 Martynia, - I 2 Musk Melon, - 30 59 Mangel-Wurzel, - 3 9 Marrows, - I I Onions, - 45 109 Okra, . 8 ^9 Peppers, - 32 84 < o AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 93 Vegetable Exhibit — Concluded. NAME. NUMBER OF -VARIETIES. NUMBER OF ENTRIES OR SAMPLES. Parsley, 8 10 Potatoes, 337 75° Parsnips, 7 21 Peas, 6 20 Pumpkins, 8 73 Radishes, 52 "5 Rhubarb, 5 5 Ruta Baga, 6 22 Swiss Chard, I 3 Squash, 40 58 Sweet Corn, 24 44 Spearmint, I I Sweet Potatoes, 2 4 Salsify, 4 8 Sugar Beets, 4 18 Spinach, .3 7 Tomatoes, 75 176 Turnips, 9 43 Tobacco, 3 3 Vegetable, 2 2 Water Melon, IS 28 Water Cress, I I 94 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Vegetable ExftiWt. EXHIBITOR. A. G. Aldridge, Fishers, J. C. Adams, Manlius, - H. T. Barringer, Fishers, Charles Bauer, Stafford, Merrit J. Buntin, Willink, - Frank H. Battles, Rochester, Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, ARTICLE. Potatoes, Potatoes, Potatoes; Turnips, Potatoes (crop of 1900), Potatoes (crop of 1901), Mangel- Wurzels, Onions, Cucumbers, Celery, Cabbage, Musk Melon, Sweet Corn, - Egg Plant, Peppers, Beets, Potatoes, Tomatoes, Corn, Sugar Cane, Beans, Beets, Cucumbers, Carrots, Celery, - Cabbage, Cauliflower, Citron, Celerac, Egg Plant, Endive, - - - NUMBER OF VARIETIES. 20 I 97 3 5 6 2 8- 4 6 5 10 7 12 IS 7 I 36 26 34 20 12 35 9 I 2 4 5 AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. 95 NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, Garlic, 2 Gourge, - 3 Horse Radish, I Kohl Rabi, 4 Kale, 2 Lettuce, 20 Martynia, I Musk Melon, 26 Mangel-VVurzel, 3 Onions, 19 Okra, 2 Peppers, 24 Parsley, 7 Potatoes, 40 Parsnips, 6 Peas, S Pumpkins, - 6 Radishes, 34 Rhubarb, 35 Ruta Baga, 2 Swiss Chard, I Squash, 9 Sweet Corn, 22 Spearmint, I Sweet Potatoes, I Salsify, - 3 Sugar Beets, 3 Spinach, 3 Tomatoes, 65 Turnips, 12 Vegetable Oysters, - 2 Water Melon, IS 96 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, - James A. Benedict, East Syracuse, F. H. Berry, Oran, J. R. Badgley, Collamer, M. Bausted, Manlius, George Butts, Manlius, D. E. Burdick, Manlius, John Brand & Co., Elmira, James Biddick, Lockport, Louis J. Brundage, Starkey, Howard Churchill, Elba, John F. Cathers, Oran, W. B. Candee, Fayetteville, W. W. Cheney, Manlius, Cornell University, Ithaca, ARTICLE. Water Cress, Potatoes, Potatoes, - Onions, - Beets, Potatoes, Potatoes, Tobacco, Gourds, Carrots, - Chicory, - Kale, Turnips, - Radishes, Onions, Martynia, Potato, Carrots, - Potatoes, - Potatoes, Potatoes, - Beans, - Beets, Cucumbers, Carrots, Celery, Egg Plant, Kohl Rabi, Kale, Lettuce, Martynia, Onions, NUMBER OF VARIETIES. 3 2 4 2 2 45 24 5 20 3 I 3 4 40 I 35 o u w o X y. w w pa AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 97 Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Cornell University, Ithaca, Charles Coolidge, Phelpc-, F. B. Clothier, Silver Creek, O. A. Chapin, Hartland, - J. I. Crosway, Oakfield, George Derrick, Wheeler, Dewit Davidson, Daws, C. W. Dearlove, Prattsburg, Fred A. Dann, Walton, William Dennison, Oran, Empire State Sugar Co., Lyons, George Eaton, Collamer, - W. A. Eaton, Oran, David Emerson, Manlius, Frederick Furhman, Indian Falls, Sarah G. Freer, Canandaigua, Henry Freer, Canandaigua, W. A. Frank, Jamestown, - 7 NUMBER ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Okra, _ 8 Peppers, - 26 Parsley, - I Radishes, - 48 Rhubarb, - I Squash, - - I Tomatoes, - 75 Carrots, - ■- 3 Turnips, - - 4 Beets, - 1 Sweet Corn, Potatoes, - Musk Melons, continuous dis- play during season, Potatoes, - ■ • Potatoes, - Ruta Baga, - 2 Beets, - Parsnips, - Potatoes, - - 30 Potatoes, - 4 Turnips, - - Pumpkins, - Potatoes, - - Sugar Beets, - - Potatoes, - - Potatoes, - Potatoes, - - Potatoes, - Gourd, Potatoes, Pumpkins, - 98 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. C. W. Ford & Co., Fishers, Potatoes (crop of 1900), ■65 Potatoes (crop of 1901), IIO Thomas Flattery, Fayetteville, Potatoes, D. B. Giddings, Baldwinsville, Onions, A. H. Gillett, Collaraer, Potatoes, John Gauver, CoUamer, Onions, F. H. Gates, Syracuse, Potatoes, Thomas Guloin, Seneca Cg.stle. Carrots, Ignatius Gloembroski, Florida, Onions, . 4 Henry Goodman, Phelps, Onions, A. F. Griffin, Hartland, - Musk Melons, continuous dis- play during the season, Highler Bros., Prattsburg, Potatoes, 10 Levant Hackley, Batavia, - Carrots, - Ranson Haight, Chapinville, Carrots, Onions, James Hopkins, A rmonk,- Potatoes, 78 Fred Hughson, Big Flats, Tobacco Plants, growing, G. Hockenberger, Webster, Tomatoes, 2 J. S. Hower, Irondequoit, Beets, 4 Carrots, 2 Onions, 3 ' Turnips, I Cucumbers, . 6 Lettuce, 2 , Radishes, 3 William Hewson, West Seneca, Swiss Chard, Cucumbers, Peppers, Beans, Onions, AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 99 Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. William Hewson, West Seneca, Savory, I Kale, I Beets, 2 Carrots, 3 Potatoes, 4 Cotton Plant, I Egg Plant, I Tomatoes, 4 Gourds, - 5 Squash, I George Harper, Syracuse, Beets, 2 John Hall, Manlius, Charles E. Hart, Collamer, Byron Jennings, Oran, W. E. Kerman, Manlius, Elmer Mills, Chittenango, Hartland Melon & Fruit Growers' Assn., Hartland, V. D. P. Lee, Altamont, G. G. Lum, Barkers, James McCann, 2nd, Elmira, Burton McKernon , Greenwich, John McCann, Elmira, Miller Bros., Elmira, . - - - Potatoes, Potatoes, Onions, Beets, Onions, Potatoes, Potatoes, Potatoes, Musk Melons, continuous dis play during the season. Onions, Carrots, Peppers, Beets, Turnips, Potatoes, Potatoes (crop of 1900), Potatoes (crop of 1901), Beets, Carrots, lOO REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Miller Bros., Elmira, O. J. Mills, Elba, W. S. Mudge. Hartland, G. W. McCIure, Buffalo, - H. C. Mallory, Buffalo, J. C. Murphy, Ciarkville, Harvey Morse, Fayetteville, L. Main, Manlius, Conrad Neider, Phelps, Niagara Celery Co., Buffalo, New York State Commission, F. M. Pierce, Hartland, Justice Palace, Oran, - - . William Radley, Batavia, 1.. C. Reed & Son, East Pembroke, H. S. Reed, Waterville, E. B. Rowley, Fayetteville, Skipp Bros., Syracuse, S. E. Standish, East Syracuse, J. Strong, Maniius, Smith, Powell & Co., Syracuse, A. Stannard, Chittenango, ARTICLE. NUMBER OF VARIETIES. Ruta Baga, Salsify, Sugar Beets, Potatoes, Tomatoes, Tomatoes, Tomatoes, Mangel-Wurzels, Sugar Beets, Potatoes, Beets, Beets, Potatoes, Onions, Potatoes, - - - . Celery, 25 dozen heads each, Collection of pumpkins, Collection of pumpkins, Collection of pumpkins. Collection of vegetables, Musk Melons, continuous dis- play during the season, - , Potatoes, : Potatoes, ; Potatoes, Potatoes, , Potatoes, Potatoes, Beets, - - . . Beets, - . . Sugar Beets, - - . . Potatoes, - . - . AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. lOI Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Thomas Grant, Oraii, Potatoes, J. M. Tillottson, Fayetteville, Onions, J. M. Thorburn Co., New York, Artichokes, I Beans, 52 Beets, - - - 7 Brussels Sprouts, I Cucumbers, ' 8 Carrots, 15 Celery, 4 Cabbage, j6 Cauliflower, 3 Citron, I Celerac, 2 Cardoon, 2 Egg Plant, 5 Endive, - Gourge, 7 Kohl Rabi, 3 Kale, 3 Lettuce, 12 Leeks, 4 Musk Melons, 7 Marrows, I Onions, 1 2 Okra, 6 Peppers, 13 Parsley, - 2 Potatoes, 3 Parsnips, 3 Peas, - 3 Pumpkins, 10 Radishes, 16 102 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Vegetable Exhibit — Continued. EXHIBITOR. J. M. Thorburn Co., New York, A. M. Wright, Syracuse, C. C. Wadsworth, Syracuse, H. T. Wright, Syracuse, J. M. Shields, Hook, F. E. Stevens, Glens Falls, Charles Swaffer, East Onondaga, J. Schwingle, Burns, - C. F. Vanderhoff, Elmira, Horatio Van Auken, Phelps, - NUMBER ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Ruta Baga, 4 Swiss Chard, I Squash, 35 Sweet Corn, 5 Sweet Potatoes, T Salsify, 2 Sugar Beets, 3 Spinach, 3 Tomatoes, 40 Turnips, 3 Water Melons, 3 Potatoes, Beets, Potatoes, Potatoes, 3 Beets, 5 Carrots, 3 Onions, 5 Turnips, 7 Ruta Baga, 2 Beans, 2 Egg Plant, Carrots, Cauliflower, Musk Melons, 2 Parsnips,. Turnips, Sweet Corn, Salsify, Celery, 25 dozen each, - 2 Potatoes, 3 Onions, - - - AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 103 Vegetable Exhibit — Concluded. NUMBER EXHIBITOR. ARTICLE. OF VARIETIES. Horatio Van Auken, Phelps, Carrots, John Vile, Elba, Potatoes, John Van Velsor, Buffalo, - Tomatoes, - James Vick's Sons, Rofchester, Beets, 14 Beans, 2 Carrots, - 10 Cauliflower, Egg Plant, Turnips, Radishes, Salsify, Leek, 2 Cucumbers, 4 Onions, Citron, Spinach, Lettuce, 3 Endive, 2 Peppers, 4 Kale, Parsley, Sweet Corn, Tomatoes, 14 Musk Melon, - 4 H. T. Wright, Syracuse, Potatoes, Morris Worder, Fayetteville, Potatoes, A. Woodworth, Manlius, Potatoes, John B. White, Manlius, Potatoes, 3 I04 REPORT OF BOARD. OF GENERAL MANAGERS Name^ Of TI)o$e WI)o ^ere Awarded Diploma^. (i01,D Al^DAly. NAME. ADDRESS. SUBJECX OF AWARD. American Cheviot Sheep Society, - Fayetteville, Collection of wool Frank H. Battles, Rochester, Seeds J. J. Bell, Deposit, Seeds Briggs Brothers, Rochester, Seeds and grain John Brand & Co., Elmira, - Tobacco Crossman Bros., Rochester, Seeds Cleveland Seed Co., Cape Vincent, Seeds F. V. Ebling, Syracuse, Seeds Harvey Seed Co., Buffalo, Seeds . A. N. Jones, Newark, Wheats New York Board of Managers, Agricultural products M. T. Piersons, Seneca Castle, Corn Jerome B. Robe & Co., Cambridge, Seeds C. F. Sauk, Syracuse, - Seeds J. M. Thorburn & Co., New York city. Grains, seeds and vegetables James Vick's Sons, - Rochester, Seeds Whitney Eckstein Seed Co., Buffalo, Clover and grass seeds New York Commission, Collective exhibit pumpkins Niagara Celery Co.. Buffalo, Collective exhibit celery James Vick's Sons, Rochester, Collective exhibit celery New York State Commission, Collective exhibit potatoes New York State Commission, - Collective exhibit vegetables Cornell University, Ithaca, Collective exhibit vegetables Briggs Bros. & Co., Rochester, Collective exhibit vegetables G. W. Ford & Co., Fishers, - Collective exhibit potatoes J. M. Thorburn & Co., New York city. Collective exhibit vegetables AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 105 3iivve]\ nnr>AL,3. Agricultural Products. NAME. ADDRESS. SUBJECT OF AWARD. A. Cohen & Co., New York city, Leaf tobacco New York State Commission, Collective exhibit corn James Vick's Sons, Rochester, Collective exhibit vegetables J. Schwingle, Burns, Collective exhibit celery Hartland Melon & Fruit Growers Association, Hartland, Collective exhibit melons James Hopkins, Armonk, Collective exhibit potatoes Mrs. W. G. Haviland, West Hoosick, Collective exhibit grasses O. W, Dearlove, Arthur G. Aldridge, Cornell University, Agricultural Products. Prattsburg, Fishers, Ithaca, Collective exhibit potatoes Collective exhibit potatoes Collective exhibit agricultural grasses io6 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS ^xl)tl)tts Awarded Honorable i^entton. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. William R. Andrews, Bristol, Salzer's early dent corn D. E. Ayres, Elmira, Black lima beans Pearly yellow Canada corn Blunt's prolific corn White flint corn Theo. F. Armstrong, Warwick, Mediterranean wheat White Mediterranean wheat White Mediterranean wheat Anthony Austin, Mandana, Poole's red wheat J. S. Barber, East Elba, Salzer's red cross wheat W. H. Baker, Freedom Plains, Japanese buckwheat F. H. Barringer, Phelps, Amber white wheat . ■- Red Humboldt wheat E. T. Brizzee, Hopewell, Golden coin wheat Two-rowed barley t Yellow dent corn White dent corn Flint dent corn Frank Bignall, Elba, White rye Frank G. Bridger, Phelps, Red cross wheat George W. Brooks, Painted Post, - Lancaster red wheat Lancaster red wheat White rye Black mustard Eight-rowed yellow flint corn Brooks Bros., Painted Post, - Golden bullions wheat Red spring wheat Giant wheat Hungarian wheat Large gray buckwheat Eight-rowed yellow corn AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 107 Exhibits Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. C. R. Burnett, J. A. Clark, Henry Carpenter, A. J. Clark, S. W. Clark, Lafayette Cole, C. Coolidge, ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Phelps, Johnson's wheat Manlius, - Pride of the West corn Manlius, Button's corn Savona, Red winter wheat White rye Silver gray buckwheat little gray buckwheat Elmira, Diel's red wheat Clawson's red wheat Gold coin wheat Spring wheat Red giant wheat German white rye White spring rye Mensuary barley Six-rowed barley Eight-rowed barley Japanese buckwheat Silver hull buckwheat Red giant corn Red cob corn White corn Pride of the North corn White flint corn Gold coin corn Learning dent corn Cuban giant corn Southport, Clawson's wheat Red spring wheat White rye Phelps, Early Arcadian wheat X Spring wheat io8 REPORT OF THE GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention -^ Continued. EXHIBITOR. address. EXHIBIT. C. Coolidge, - Phelps, White spring rye Hungarian rye Japanese buckwheat Black sweet corn Evergreen corn Early Crosby corn Early Canada corn White flint corn John W. Crowley, Erwin, Clawson's wheat Twelve-rowed yellow flint corn C. E. Drake, - - - - Seneca Castle, • Red Clawson wheat Seneca red wheat Six-rowed barley Fred A. Dann, - Walton, - Silver hull buckwheat Eight-rowed white corn Jacob Dudenhiver, Hendy Creek, White rye Dunsmore Bros., Sandy Hill, Genesee giant wheat Siberian rye Beardless barley Japanese buckwheat Albert Evans, Skaneateles. Maple Dale popcorn F. A. Erwin, Erwin, Fultz's wheat Twelve-rowed yellow corn Scot W. Erwin, Painted Post, Gold medal wheat I.. D. Edminister, Cayutaville, Pea beans A. B. Fitch, Horseheads, Red cluster wheat F. E. Ford, Painted Post, White flint corn M. E. Ferguson, Florida, i Japanese buckwheat Frederick Fuhrman, - Indian Falls, Blue rye Silver skin buckwheat J. O. Goble, Florida, Black distiller rye Frank Garwood, Batavia, - Japanese buckwheat AT THE. PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 109 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. J. V. Geming, Freedom Place, Russian red shaff wheat John Griggs, - Fayetteville, Siblie's early flint corn Oscar Hopkins, Laurens, Monroe flint corn Levant Hackley, Batavia, California yellow beans Black butter beans Gerling Bros., Rochester, - Dem. white wheat No. 6 white wheat Clawson's white wheat Clawson's white wheat L. E. Gifford, Wm. Hayton, John Heib, William P. Hewson, Phelps, Elmira, Hendy Creek, West Seneca, No. 4 white wheat Dark rye California rye Japanese buckwheat Silver hill buckwheat Common black buckwheat Yellow glut corn Gold coin wheat Genesee giant wheat Soub red wheat Japanese buckwheat Early yellow corn Early white corn Red Canada corn Angel of Midnight corn Angel of Midnight corn Queen golden popcorn Queen golden popcorn White rye No. 6 wheat ^Vhite,rye Brown corn millet Kaffir corn no REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. William P. Hewson, E. S. Hill, J. C. Howard, J. H. Huston, S. B. Hoston, Jay Hanson, Harrison Hale, Mrs. Mary Heller, John I. Howell, ADDRESS. West Seneca, Peruville, Irondequoit, - Florida, Florida, Horseheads, Manlius, Elmira, Horseheads, EXHIBIT. Amber sugar cane corn Fancy timothy White eyed marrowfat peas Marrowfat late peas Montana barley Hiland cliff barley Japanese buckwheat Soja beans . Red kidney beans Long white beans Stowell's evergreen corn Rural thoroughbred corn Genesee valley corn Russian red chaff wheat New Delphi spring wheat Japanese buckwheat Silver gray buckwheat Long berry red wheat Spring rye Eight-rowed yellow flint corn Red fullcaster wheat Red fullcaster wheat White rye No. 6 white wheat No. 6 white wheat Red spring wheat Blue stem spring wheat Early red spring wheat Eight-rowed yellow flint corn Blue tie wheat Golden millet Small clover seed AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. Ill Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. George I. Howell, Horseheads, - Hungarian clover seed Cyrus Jule, Jackson, No. I North spring wheat C. S. Jessup, Florida, No. 2 red wheat No. 2 red wheat No. 2 red wheat Peter Johnson, Florida, - Silver hull buckwheat F. L. Jennings, Elmira, Hungarian German millet Small full peas Imp. lima beans California lima beans Pride of the North corn Imp. Hickory sweet corn Stowell's evergreen sweet corn First fall sweet corn Early sweet Minnesota corn White coin sweet corn Country Gent sweet corn Sanford's white flint corn Early dent mastodon corn ; Longfellow's flint corn Leaming's dent corn Pennsylvania early dent corn George W Ketchum, Victor, Chevelier's barley Japanese buckwheat f ;,.. Red nose flint corn C. F. King, - Etna, Long berry red wheat George Knickerbocker, Phelps, Gold coin wheat \ Michigan white flint corn C. C. La Grange, - Slingerlands, - Red Clawson wheat Multiplier rye WillLeroy, Phelps, Early golden dent corn I 12 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Will Leroy, Oscar J. Lewis, C. H. Lovell, O. M. Lincoln, W. W. Mackey, Guy Matthews, Robert Middlebrook, Daniel Moon, James- McGann, 2d, James D. McCann. ADDRESS. Phelps, Schodack Center Painted Post, Newark, Latintown, Southport, Manchester, Italy Hill, 'Elmira, Elmira, EXHIBIT. Early gold dwarf flint corn Early white cap flint corn Marrow beans White kidney beans White flint corn Red nose yellow corn Twelve-rowed Compton's corn Early Canada corn . Leamington's dent corn Blue stem wheat Genesee giant wheat Blue stem wheat No. 6 wheat Acme golden wheat Egyptian white wheat White rye Silver hull imp. buckwheat Mohawk prolific beans Orange County Longfellow's corn Longfellow's flint corn Gold coin wheat White marrow beans Hickory king dent corn Eight-rowed yellow flint corn Blue'stem spring wheat Spring wheat White Mediterranean wheat White rye Iowa silver mine Iowa gold mine corn- Blunt's prolific corn Old cabin home dent corn o z; a D cq W H H O O o o w w AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 113 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. John McCann, - Elmira, Mediterranean wheat Small field peas Japanese buckwheat Golden dent corn Eight-rowed yellow flint corn White surprise corn Bloody Butcher corn Red dent corn 0. B. Owen, Jacksonville, - Gold coin wheat H. Osborne, Batavia, - Red marrow beans E. S. Orr, Lindley, Red Mediterranean wheat Henry Parmer, Trumansburg, Two-rowed barley Charles Peck, Phelps, - Gold coin wheat Early golden dent corn Henry Percy, - Phelps, - Six-rowed barley M. F. Pierson, Seneca Castle, Victoria spring wheat White spring rye Russian tasselhead millet D. L. Prisch, - Middleport, Red marrow beans White kidney beans Red kidney beans Pea beans Yellow eye beans S. R. Post, - Elba, - Clawson's wheat W. C. Robb, Dale, No. 6 winter wheat Fult's Mediterranean wheat Marrow beans Marrow pea beans Yellow eye beans Mediterranean beans Elmer Ranny, Phelps, Two-rowed barley George Rogers, - Manch'str Bridge, Clawson's wheat 114 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. address. EXHIBIT. George Rogers, Manch'str Bridge, White rye H. S. Selover, Trumansburg, King of red corn A. G. Scoville, ' Manlius, Eldorado dent corn Henry Scofield, Dryden, White flint corn Wesley Schoolcraft, Altamont, Clawson's wheat " '> " White rye W. D. Stone, Horseheads, Eight-rowed yellow corn Fred Stone, Horseheads, Chemung giant corn Joseph Strong, Manlius, - Hickory sweet corn White sweet nose corn Jacob Sly, Florida, Red Russian chaff wheat Red Russian chaff wheat Red Russian chaff wheat John D. Shufelt, South Schodack, Twelve-rowed corn Charles Sutton, Clifton Springs, White imperial rye George H. Trapp, McLean, Clawson's wheat Gold coin wheat Martin E. Tripp, Dryden, Pride of the North corn King Philip corn D. W. Thomas, Irondequoit, Thomas White wheat H. Van Auken, Phelps, Red Arcadian wheat Four-rowed barley Silver King barley Orlando Wheeler, - Wheeler, - Red kidney beans Alfred Westfall, Phelps, Red nose wheat Democrat wheat George J. Williams, Altamont, Little gray buckwheat O. M. Wixon, Elmira, Clawson's wheat Early amber wheat Dark rye Japanese buckwheat Silver hull buckwheat AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 115 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — -Contimied. EXHIBITOR. O. M. Wixon, Henry Atley, A. Bartels, Lewis Barts, Frank Bissell, James H. Burn, Ward Brunnier, C. Cillons, I. L. Corbet, John Courtwright, Seth Dewine, Stephen Dillingham, E. N. Farnsworth, Elmer Fuller, John R. Gayton, O. H. Hackley, Albert Haights, Robert B. Hancock, J. M. Ham, Mrs. W. G. Haviland, James Henry, . ^ - J. K. Hoston, Joseph Jeffery, James Johnson, N. B. Keeney, J. R. Kinsella, ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Elmira, Gray monarch buckwheat King Philip corn Eight-rowe'd yellow corn Lagrangeville, - Bald Halstead wheat East Oakfield, Dawson's golden wheat Sullivanville, Silver h-ull buckwheat LeRoy, Bald barley Borodino, Popcorn rice Italy Hill, Gold coin wheat Victor, Gold coin wheat Pawling, Red Mediterranean wheat Corryland, Silver hull buckwheat Sandy Hill, Clawson's wheat Oakfield, Red kidney beans Oakfield, Blue pod Mediterranean beans Sandy Hill, White Siberian rye Japanese buckwheat LeRoy, Red Poole wheat Oakfield, Two-rowed barley Fishkill Valley, - Red amber wheat Sandy Hill, Mediterranean white beans Wash'ton Hollow, Dark spring rye West Hoosick, White rye Poughkeepsie, No. 2 Henderson's wheat White winter rye Silver hull buckwheat Florida, White rye Trumansburg, Six weeks string beans Marrow pea beans Southport, Spring wheat LeRoy, Solid face yellow eye beans Erwin, Dark rye ii6 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. J. R. Kinsella, Erwin, Silver gray buckwheat P. R. Kinsella, - Painted Post, Gold bullion wheat Thomas P. Larkins, Skaneateles, - Red Clawson wheat J. Hart Latting, Shortville, Clawson's wheat Jacob Lewis, Knox, - White kidney beans W. F. Marks, Chapinville, Red kidney beans W. S. Martin, Watkins, Japanese buckwheat Silver hull buckwheat Elmer Mills, - Chittenango, Clawson's wheat Charles Minfort, Freedom Plains, White flint wheat E. M. Moulthrop, Batavia, Six-rowed barley William Oaks, Oaks Corners, Red Clawson wheat B. U. Osborne, Van Etten, Humboldt's beardless barley Silver hull buckwheat Edwin Patten, Skaneateles, . Dark rye Martin Phelps, Castile, Red kidney beans August Reamer, Batavia, - Pride of Genesee wheat L. E. Reed & Son, East Pembroke, No. 7 wheat M. W. Robbins, Corning, - Gray buckwheat D. R. Robinson, Fishkill Place, Gold coin wheat E. A. Scanlon, Manlius, - Century wheat Shannahan Bros., Oran, . Ackerman's high grade corn P. A. Skidmore, Beekman, - Rochester red wheat Ernest T. Short, Hemlock, No. 6 wheat Six-rowed barley John D. Shufelt, South Schodack, White rye George M. Tallcott, - Skaneateles, Harvest King wheat M. W. Taylor, Wampsville, Mortgage lifter Harvey Tyler, Elmbois, Japanese Jbuck wheat C. F. Vanderhoff, - Elmira, White rye White kidney beans John Wheeler, - - - Wellsburg, Spring wheat AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 117 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. B. F. Westfall, Phelps, Red Poole wheat Gold coin corn Anson Williams, Daws, Marrow pea beans Anthony Yarter, Sandy Hill, Japanese buckwheat William Young, Batavia, Blue pod pea beans W. G. Archer, Clifton Springs, Sensation oats F. S. Earner, Millbrook, Lincoln's oats Frank Barringer, Phelps, White oats Frank G. Bridger, Phelps, Danish Island oats Frank Bignall, Elba, Early probesten oats E. T. Brizzee, Hopewell, Probesten oats Yellow Minnesota ear corn Gold drop ear corn White surprise corn Eight-rowed yellow flint ear corn George W. Brooks. Painted Post, Main oats Brooks Bros., Painted Post, Main oats Sensation oats Swedish oats B. R. Boyd, North Conesus, - Boyd golden corn J. A. Clark, Manlius, Hose main oats Henry Carpenter, Manlius, Boice oats W. W. Chiner, Manlius, Mortgage lifter oats Thomas Cross, Poughkeepsie, Mortgage lifter oats Chas. Coolidge, Phelps, ■ - White Michigan oats Clydesdale oats Tartarian black oats Black Italian oats John J. Crowley, Erwin, Probesten oats Addison Dweller, Manlius, Pride of Illinois oats Dunsmore Bros., Sandy Hill, ' Probesten oats David Everson, Manlius, White Scotch oats ii8 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. Frank Etling, F. E. Ford, Wm. P. Hewson, James Shanahan, C. J. Stewart, P. A. Skidmore, Wesley Schoolcraft, John D. Shufelt, B. Vandermark, H. E. Waite, W. R. Andrews, Charles Andrews, D. E. Ayres, ADDRESS. E. S. Hill, Peruville G. Avery Mills, Dryden, Cyrus Knapp, Etna, J. R. Kinsella, Erwin, Nicholas Kircher, Elba, Geo. Knickerbocker, Phelps, W. S. Martin, Watkins, Charles Peck, Phelps, S. R. Post, Elba, D. A. Scanlon, Manlius, Ohioville, - Painted Post, West Seneca, Manlius, Painted Post, Beekman, Altamont, - South Schodack, Phelps, Painted Post, Bristol, Lagrangeville, Elmira, EXHIBIT. Golden prolific White Cap yellow dent corn Scotch oats Lincoln oats Silver main oats Mixed ear jDopcorn Western state ear corn White Iowa oats Michigan Wonder oats White Swede oats Swedish oats Twentieth Century oats American Wonder oats Home grown oats White Russian oats Early golden dent ear corn Silver Mine oats White Star oats Leamington ear corn Danish oats Welcome oats White barley oats Welcome oats Pride of the North corn Mastodon ear corn ! Full moon corn White probisten oats Prince Edward Island black oats Probisten oats Sensational oats Mortgage lifter ear corn White Swede oats AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 119 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. H. Alley, - Lagrangeville, Imp. King Philip's ear corn Learning ear corn T. J. Arnold, Pawling, King Philip ear corn W. D. Barnes & Son, Middle Hope, Early Canada ear corn Nathaniel Barnes, Middle Hope, White pedigree ear corn John E. Blanchard, - Southport, Metzger butternuts W. H. Brown, Manch'str Bridge, Johnson Pride of Dutchess corn C. D. Burch, - Dryden, Bonanza oats A. J. Clark, Savona, White Victor oats White Victor oats Welcome oats S. W. Clark, Elmira, Prolific golden oats Banner oats Calumet oats Aster oats Oregon oats Barley oats W. W. Christie, East Pembroke, Early white giant ear corn Matie J. Dann, - Walton, Butternuts Fred A. Dann, Walton, Oats James Darch, - Byron Center, Bonanza oats C. E. Drake, Seneca Castle, Clydesdale oats Western dent ear corn Eight-rowed yellow ear corn Wni. T. Ellicott, Elmira, Gem oats F. A. Erwin, - Erwin, Oats E. N. Farnsworth, Oakfield, Leamington dent ear corn Leamington dent ear corn Freeman Edgerton, Elba, Yellow button ear corn Elmer Fuller, Sandy Hill, Yellow giant ear corn C. C. LaGrange, Slingerlands, Common white oats J. V. Genung, - Freedom Plains, Twelve-rowed white ear corn 120 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. M. D. Green, Pawling, Eight-rowed yellow ear corn Gerling Bros., Rochester, Natural white oats Probisten oats L. E. Gifford, Phelps, Democrat wheat Levant Hackley, Batavia, Rice ear popcorn Chas. E. Halsted, Clifton Hollow, Mortgage lifter ear corn Mark Haney, Victor, - Danish Island oats Mrs. W. G. Haviland, West Hoosick, - Grasses J. L. Hayner, Pawling, Red nose white ear corn George Halzer, Painted Post, Butternuts Eugene Ham, Verbank, Early ear mastodon corn Hiler Bros., Prattsburg, Gold standard oats Wm. Hayton, Elmira, Chestnuts Black walnuts Oscar Hopkins, Laurens, - Sensational oats Marvel oats Twentieth Century oats C. H. Houghtaling, Painted Post, Walnuts Herman Inglis, Chapinville, New stooling oats F. L. Jennings, Elmira, Virginia winter oats George W. Ketchum, Victor, Mortgage lifter oats A. Kinney & Son, Fort Edward, Chestnuts Bruce LaMont, - Dryden, New stooling oats Martin Leach, Pawling, Eight-rowed southern corn Will LeRoy, Phelps, Gold drop ear corn Oscar J. Lewis, Schodack Center, Main oats 0. M. Lincoln, Newark, Lincoln oats Andrew Loomor, Dryden, Sensation oats W. W. Mackey, Latintown, Garfield white oats James 0. Manning, Elmira, Black walnuts George Miller, Horseheads, Oats Michael Miller, North Pembroke, South Sea Island ear corn AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 121 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Elmer Mills, Chittenango, Early Caribbean oats Chas. Minfort, Freedom Plains, Eight-rowed red ear corn B. B. McDowell, Van Etten, White Russian oats Longfellow white oats Golden giant oats James McCann, Elmira, Winter oats Lincoln oats Early gold prolific oats Henry J McCann, - Elmira, Black walnuts J. R. Norton, Elba, Flesh colored Dutten corn John McCann, Elmira, Welcome oats Little Gem early oats Main oats Black Tartarian oats B. N. Osborne, Van Etten, Silver I^ake oats Will Oaks, Oaks Corners, Silver Mine oats W. D. Palmer, Batavia, Oats George T Penney, Patterson, White Flint ear corn Wm. H. Purdy, South Livonia, Golden giant oats E. F. Plunkett, Lindley, Sensational oats Mrs. Israel Quance, Batavia, Eight-rowed white ear corn Samuel L. Quimby, Marlboro, Pride of the West ear corn M. M. Robinson, Water Vale, Early Sweden oats D. B. Robinson, Fishkill, - Longfellow ear corn Henry Stevens, Patterson, Mastodon early ear corn G. D. Smith, Pulaski, Big Four oats Robert Smith, Freedom Plains, Eight-rowed red ear corn James Stringham, LeRoy, Dakota red wheat T. W. Swift, - Wassaic, Swift white ear corn George L. Trapp, McLean, Lincoln OP.ts C. F. Vanderhoff, Elmira, Ear corn White rice ear popcorn 122 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. exhibit. C. F. Vanderhoff, Elmira, Missouri Queen ear corn Hickory nuts Butternuts Charles Vehl, Dunlook, Red Nose white ear corn Franklin Velie, Campbell, Hickory nuts George W. Whaley, Patterson, Eight-rowed ear yellow flint corn A. J. Weston, ©ak Corners, Hops F. C. Wilcox, Painted Post, Hazel nuts M. A. Williams, Daws, : Eight-rowed yellow ear corn 0. M. Wixon, Elmira, Australian oats New Scotch oats W. R. Andrews, Bristol, - Ripe fodder corn D. E. Ayres, Elmira, Spring tares A. J. Clark, Savona, White Victor oats Charles Coolidge, Phelps, Clydesdale oats B. B. McDowell, Van Etten, Evergreen broom corn Alsike clover seed German millet Hemp Butternuts Wm. Hayton, Elmira, Blue popcorn Metzger butternuts Hickory nuts Butternuts Hops Black-eyed marrowfat p^as J. C. Howard, Irondequoit, Common field pumpkins Connecticut sweet pumpkin Sweet pie pumpkin Evergreen broom corn Southern sheep tooth corn Broom corn AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 123 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. J. C. Howard, Irondequoit, - Learning's yellow dent corn Black mixed sweet corn Mammoth Russian sunflower Eight-rowed yellow corn Whippoorwill cow peas Blue popcorn Canary seed F. L. Jennings, - Elmira, Spring tares Canary seed Clay's cow peas James 0. Manning, Elmira, Butternuts Hickory nuts Golden walnuts Chestnuts John McCann, Elmira, Black Tartarian oats Flax seed Crimson clover seed E. E. Crosby, Lockport, Crimson clover seed Henry J. McCann, Elmira, Butternuts Hickory nuts Golden walnuts Chestnuts B. Vandermark, Phelps, Prince Edward Island oats A. J. Weston, Oaks Corners, Hops Aaron Barber, Avon, Sensation oats Daniel Lacy. Avon, Sensation oats New York State Commission, - Butternuts Black walnuts Hickory nuts Chestnuts Black walnuts Hops 124 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. 'exhibitor. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. New York State Commission, - Butternuts James Noonan, - East Avon, Pea beans King Philip corn Pea beans Dana Schanac, Avon, Sensation oats W. E. Dann, Avon, No. 6 wheat J. H. Durkee, Sandy Hill, Flax seed Whippoorwill cow peas Blue rice popcorn Hemp Crimson clover seed Black-eyed marrowfat peas Vetches Pride of the North corn Black mixed sweet corn Evergreen broom corn Small field peas M. N. Hamilton, East Avon, White field corn W. P. Schenck, Avon, Stowell's evergreen corn M. Ward, Avon, No. 6 wheat W. G. Archer, Clifton Springs, Sensation oats D. E. Ayres, Elmira, Blunt's prolific corn Anthony Austin, Man dan a, Wheat Aaron Barber, - Avon, No. 6 wheat No. 6 wheat J. S. Barber, East Elba, Salzer's red cross wheat F. H. Barringer, Phelps, Amber white wheat Lewis Barts, Sullivanville, Silver hull buckwheat Frank Bignall, - Elba, Probisten oats Frank J. Bridger, Phelps, Danish Island oats Red cross wheat E. T. Brizzee, Hopewell, Probisten oats AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 125 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. E. T. Brizzee, Hopewell, Two-rowed barley White surprise corn White surprise coru Gold coin wheat George W. Brooks, Painted Post, Black mustard Black mustard Main oats Lancaster red wheat Brooks Brothers, Painted Post, Hungarian Swedish oats B. R. Boyd, North Corners, Boyd golden oats Henry Carpenter, - Manlius, Brice oats A. J. Clark, Savona, New York white rye New York white rye S. W. Clark, Elmira, White German rye Red giant corn Red cob corn Diel wheat Red giant wheat Saskatchem fife wheat W. W. Chimer, Manlius, Mortgage lifter oats C. Collins, Victor, Gold coin wheat DunsmoreBros., Sandy Hill, Japanese buckwheat Siberian rye Charles Coolidge, Phelps, Hungarian seed Hungarian seed Tartarian black oats White Michigan oats Japanese buckwheat James Darch, - Byron Center, Bonanza oats Seth Devien, Sandy Hill, Clawson wheat Wm. T. Ellicott, Elmira, Gem oats 126 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. F. E. Ford, Frederick Fisherman, John R. Gayton, J. V. Genung, - Gerling Bros., Loren Gifford, - Mark Haney, J. U. Ham, Mrs. C. W. Haviland, Mrs. Mary Heller, Wni. P. Hewson, Hiler Bros., E. S. Hill, J. C. Howard, John I. Howell, F. L. Jennings, ADDRESS. Painted Post, Indian Falls, - Le Roy, Freedom Plains, Rochester, Phelps, ^m%. Victor, Wash'ton Hollow, West Hoosick, Elmira, West Seneca, - Prattsburg, Peruville, Irondequoit, Elmira, Elmira, EXHIBIT. Scotch oats Blue rye Poole wheat Russian red chaff wheat California rye Red Canada corn Saul red wheat Angel of Midnight corn Angel of Midnight corn Gold coin wheat Early white corn Danish Island oats Spring rye White rye Golden millet Amber sugar cane corn Broom corn millet Kaffir corn Fancy timothy Fancy timothy Gold standard oats Silver gray buckwheat White Iowa oats Russian sunflower seed Russian sunflower seed Southern sheep tooth corn Learning's dent corn Hungarian seed Small clover seed Small clover seed Hungarian seed First of All corn AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 127 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. address. exhibit. C. S. Jessup, Florida, No. 2 wheat Cyrus Knapp, Etna, White Swede oats George W. Ketchum, Victor, Chevalier barley Red Nose corn C. F. King, - Etna, Longberry wheat J. R. Kinsella, Erwin, Silver gray buckwheat George Knickerbocker, Phelps, - White Michigan corn Nicholas Kirch, Elba, Twentieth Century oats Will Leroy, Phelps, - Golden sweet corn 0. M. Lincoln, Newark, Lincoln oats W. S. Martin, Watkins, Home grown oats James McCann, 2d, Elmira, Japanese buckwheat Hickory King corn James D. McCann, Elmira, Old Cabin Home corn John McCann, Elmira, Welcome oats Little Gem oats Red dent corn Angel of Midnight corn Will Oaks, Oaks Corners, Red Clawson wheat B. N. Osborne, Van Etten, Silver hull buckwheat Charles Peck, Phelps, White Russian oats Henry Percy, Phelps, Six-rowed barley M. F. Person, - Seneca Castle, Russian tassel millet Russian tassel millet California rye S. R. Post, Elba, Silver Mine oats Clawson wheat E. F. Plunkett, Lindley, Sensation oats W. C. Robb, Dale, No. 6 wheat Elmer Ranny, Phelps, Two-rowed barley L. E. Reed & Son, East Pembroke, No. 7 wheat M. W. Robbins, Corning, Gtay buckwheat 128 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. George Rogers, Manch'str Bridge, Clawson wheat D. J. Scanlon, Manlius, White Star oats - Century wheat W. P. Schanck, - Avon, Stowell's evergreen sweet corn James Shanahan, Manlius, Welcome oats Danish oats H. S. Selover, Trumansburg, King of Red corn C. J. Stewart, Painted Post, Four-rowed barley P. A. Skidmore, Beekman, - Rochester wheat A. G. Scoville, Manlius, Eldorado corn John D. Shufelt, - South Schodack, Twelve-rowed corn Twelve-rowed corn Jacob Sly, Florida, Russian red chaff wheat George M. Tallcot, - ; Skaneateles, Harvest King wheat M. W. Taylor, - Wampsville, - Mortgage lifter corn H. Van Auken, Phelps, - Four-rowed barley H. E. Waite, - Painted Post, Probister oats Alfred Westfall, Phelps, Poole wheat 0. W. Wixon, - Elmira, Monarch buckwheat J. R. Badgeley, Collamer, Yellow globe onions John Ganver, Collamer, Yellow onions D. B. Giddings, Baldwinsville, Brown onions J. M. Tillattsan, Fayetteville, - Silver skin onions F. G. Main, - Manlius, Spanish globe onions Skipp Brothers, Syracuse, Early imp. onions Southern red onions Charles E. Hart, Collamer, Oswego globe onions D. G. Giddings, Baldwinsville, Red Westerfield onions A. M. Wright, Syracuse, Early Ohio potatoes W. B. Candee, - Fayetteville, - Green Mongland potatoes Morris Worder, Fayetteville, Early Michigan potatoes W. A. Easton, Oran, - State of Maine potatoes AT THE -PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 129 ExHiBiTOE& Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. A. H. Gillett, E. B. Rowley, George Harper, A. Woodworth, John D. White, D. E. Burdick, H. S. Reed, David Emerson, W. B. Candee, John D. White, E. B. Rowley, George Harper, William Dennison, F. D. Berry, Harvey Morse, - Chas. E. Hart, F. L. Maine, Thomas Flatterly, H. T. Wright, James A. Benedict, J. C. Adams, Harvey Morse. John D. White, Smith Powell, W. W. Chhiey, George Butts, E. B. Rowley, John F. Gathers, Byron Jennings, Justus Pallas, W. W. Chiney, - W. E. Ackerman. ADDRESS. Collamer, Fayetteville, Syracuse, Manlius, Manlius, Manlius, Watervale, Manlius, - Fayetteville, - Manlius, - Fayetteville, - Syracuse, Oran, Oran, Fayetteville, - Collamer, Manlius, Fayetteville, . Syracuse, i,vEast Syracuse, i Manlius, Fayetteville, Manlius, Syracuse, Manlius, Manlius, Fayetteville, - Oran, Oran, Oran, Manlius, Manlius, - EXHIBIT. Early harvest potatoes Potentate potatoes Early gem beets Late potatoes Early Victor potatoes Empire State potatoes Early Northern potatoes North pole potatoes White star potatoes Gunnar early potatoes Isle of Jersey potatoes Woolts Friar potatoes Early Rochester potatoes Vick's Early Pride potatoes Commercial potatoes Detroit red beets Early Onondaga potatoes Dakota red potatoes Early Vaughn potatoes Rose of Erin potatoes Monroe seedling potatoes Washington potatoes Early Crumder potatoes Sugar beets Good news potatoes Carmona No. i potatoes Early Sunrise potatoes Clark No. i potatoes St. Patricks potatoes Mills prize potatoes Carmon No. 3 potatoes Beauty of Hebron potatoes I30 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Grant Thomas, Oran, Early fortune potatoes John Hall, .Manlius, Early rose potatoes A. Stannard, Chittenango, - Burpee superior potatoes E. H. Gates, Syracuse, '- Gem of Aristock potatoes Elmer Mills, Chittenango, - White giant potatoes Dr. E. Burdick, - Manlius, Burbank potatoes Joseph Strong, - Manlius, Long dark blood beets S. E. Standish, East Syracuse. Sunset beets C. C. Wadsworth, Syracuse, Columbia beets Harvey Morse, Fayetteville, Burpee extra early beets F. L. Maine, Manlius, - , Euretta beets M. Bausted, Manlius, Yellow ovid beets F. E. Stevens, - Glens Falls, White globe turnips Burpee extra early turnips Egyptian beets » Lentz beets Extra early red onions AVestfield red onions Ox hear^ carrpts One-half long carrots Ohio yellow globe onions Yellow Damen's flat onions Yellow ruta-baga Gold giant maple beets Purple top maple beets White Belgian carrots Purple top strap leaf turnips Golden ball turnips Scarlet Koshlin turnips Purple top wh^ite globe turnips Long egg turnips Mangel-wurzel beets- AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 131 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. James McCann, Dewitt Davidson, Horatio Van Auken, Levant Hackley, C. Coolidge, M. F. Pierson, Thomas Gulvin, Ranson Haight, Miller Bros., Ignatius Golenbowski, J. C. Howard, ADDRESS. Elmira, Daws, Phelps, Batavia, Phelps, Seneca Castle, Seneca Castle, Chapinyille, Elmira, Florida, Irondequoit, - EXHIBIT. Ellypie beets White egg turnips Long table beets White Swede ruta-baga Eclypie beets Yellow ruta-baga Long hollow-grown parsnips Yellow globe onions One-half long Dawson's carrots One-half long Dawson's carrots Stump root carrots ■ White egg carrots Short horn carrots Short horn carrots Stump root carrots Blood turnip beets Short stump carrots White short carrots Short stump carrots Blood turnip beets Short horn carrots Yellow globe onions Dawson one-half long onions Sandwich Island salsify Edmunds early turnip beets White ruta-baga Yellow ruta-baga White Belgian carrots White globe onions Red globe onions Extra early red onions Short horn carrots X32 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. O. J. Mills, Conrad Neider, F. H. Barringer, George Derrick, Wm. Radley, C. F. Vanderhoff, J. M. Sheilds, John Vile, Burton McKennon, John McCann, Fred'k Fuhrman, Empire State Sugar Co., Chas. Bauer, - Walter S. Huzzey, Chas. Anderson, John D. Anderson, exhibitor. ADDRESS. exhibit. J. C. Howard, Irondequoit, - Dawson's one-half long carrots Imp. globe onions Danvers red onions Early blood beets Purple top strap leaf turnips Henry Goodman, Phelps, White globe onions V. P. Douw Lee, 1;- Altamont, American grown Prize onion Flat Dutch onion Danrera carrots L. C. Reed & Son, East Pembroke, Holland pride potatoes Myron Williams, Batavia, Rural New Yorker potatoes Elba, Phelps, - Phelps, Wheeler, Batavia, Elmira, Hook, Elba, Greenwich, Elmira,. Indian Falls, Lyons, Stafford, Rochester, - LaGrangeville, York, State of Maine potatoes Carmon No. 3 potatoes Barringer seedling potatoes White Carlisle potatoes Banner potatoes Early polorus potatoes Nova Scotia potatoes Rural New Yorker No. 2 potatoes Sheilds seedling potatoes Carmen No. 3 potatoes Delaware potatoes Early rose potatoes Burton Pan-American potatoes Early rose potatoes Carmon No. 3 potatoes Sugar beets Ruta-baga stock turnips Five-rowed field corn Mortgage lifter corn Red beans AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 133 Exhibitors Awarded Honorabt.e Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. W. H. Brown, Manch'str Bridge, Pride of Duchess corn E. T. Brizzee, Hopewell, Eight-rowed yellow corn Yellow Michigan corn White surprise corn White surprise corn Aaron Barber, Avon, Sensation oats F. Barringer, Phelps. - Humboldt wheat Nathaniel Burns, - Middle Hope, Pedigree corn G. W. Brooks, - Painted Post, Yellow flint corn White rye S. W. Clark, Elmira, Spring rye Cuban Giant dent corn Cuban Giant dent corn Gold coin corn Gold coin corn Cuban Giant corn J. J. Crowley, Erwin, Twelve-rowed yellow corn Twelve-rowed flint corn W. W. Christie, - East Pembroke, Giant ear corn C. E. Drake, - Seneca Castle, Western dent ear corn Eight-rowed yellow ear corn Clydesdale oats Clydesdale oats W. E. Dana, East Avon, Swede oats Swede oats J. H. Durkee, Sandy Hill, Bus eye marrowfat peas Pride of the North corn Stephen Dillingham, - Oakfield, Red kidney beans Red kidney beans Red kidney beans Jacob Dudenhive, Handy Creek, White rye L. D. Edminster, Cayutaville, Pea beans 134 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Robert Furgeson, - Florida, Five-rowed yellow ear corn E. N. Farnswortl:, Oakfield, Blue pod peas Learning ear corn Gerling Bros., Rochester, Dark rye Eight-rowed yellow corn Native white oats Clawson wheat Probister oats N. D. Green, Pawling, Eight-rowed yellow corn J. V. Gening, Freedom Plains, Twelve-rowed ear corn Jay Hanson, Horseheads, - Yellow flint corn Spring wheat Blue stem spring wheat J. L. Hayner, Pawling, - Red nose ear corn James Haney, Poughkeepsie, White rye Silver gray buckwheat Levant Hackley, - Batavia, - Black butter beans California yellow beans White rice popcorn Black butter beans California yellow beans Robert H. Hancock, Sandy Hill, Medium white beans John Heib, Hendy Creek, White rye Eugene Ham, Verbank, Early ear mastodon corn J. C. Howard, Irondeqiioit, Eight-rowed yellow corn Joseph Jeffery, Trumansburg, Six weeks string beans Marrow pea beans ' Pea beans F. L. Jennings, - Elmira, Clay's cow peas Clay's cow peas Field peas Field peas AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. .135 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHl BITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. F. L. Jenningii, - Elmira, Field Clay's cow peas Field imp. lima beans Field California lima beans Field First of All corn Stowells evergreen sweet corn N. B. Keeney, I.eRoy, - Yellow eye beans Solid neck yellow eye beans J. R. Kinsella, Erwin, Dark rye Jacob L. Ewis, Knox, White kidney beans White kidney beans Oscar J. Lewis, Schodack, White kidney beans Marrow beans B. B. McDowell, Van Etten. White Russian oats Longfellow oats Longfellow oats Michael Miller, North Pembroke,. South Sea Island ear corn Chas. Munforts, Freedom Plains, Eight-rowed ear corn Frank Marks, Chapinville, Red kidney beans Daniel Moon, Italy Hill, Marrow beans James B. McCann, ' ;- Elmira, Blunt prolific corn Black oats Red Mediterranean wheat Iowa Silver Mine corn J. R. Norton, Elba, Flesh colored Dutton ear corn Nermich Osborne. - Batavia, Red marrow beans Red marrow beans E. Patten, - Skaneateles, Saite rye George F. Penny, Patterson, White flint ear corn Merton Phelps, Castile, Red kidney beans M. F. Piersoti, Seneca Castle, Red kidney beans Red kidney beans Golden Star flint corn 136. REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIIilT. M. F. Pierson, Seneca Castle, White prolific corn D. L. Prisch, Middleport, White kidney beans Red kidney beans. Red kidney beans Red kidney beans Pea beans Pea beans W. C. Rabb, Dale, Medina beans Yellow eye beans MarriDw pea beans Yellow eye beans Marrow peas M.arrow beans D. S. Robinson, Fishkill Plains, - Longfellow ear corn George E. Rogers, Manch'str Bridge, White rye Wesley Schoolcraft, Altam-ont, White rye P. A. Skidmore, Beekman, Mastodon ear corn Chas. Sutton, Clifton Springs, White rye John D. Shufelt, South Schodack, White rye H. S. Selover, Truniansburg, - King of Red corn Joseph Strong, Manlius, White sweet nose corn , White sweet nose corn Hiwick's sweet corn Robt. Smith, - Freedom Plains, Eight-rowed red ear corn D. J. Scanlon, Manlius, Leaming's ear corn. Charles Vehi, Dunkirk, - Red nose ear corn Orlando Wheeler, Wheeler, Red kidney beans 0. M. Wixon, Elmira, Dark rye Black oats Anson Williams, Daws, Marrow pea beans William Young, •Batavia, Blue pod beans Mrs. W. G. Haviland, West Hoosick, Fringed ledge AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 137 Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. EXHIBITOR. W. A. Oaks, Walter Dyer, L. E. Gifford, Henry Percy, Joseph Greenwood, Conrad Nieder, E. E. Gelder, Gilbert Williams, C. C. LaGrange, James M. Hedges, M. E. Furgeson, Robt. Anderson, John I. Howell, Chas. E. Halsted, C. F. Vanderhoff, - ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Oaks Corners, - Yellow flint corn \ Silver Mine oats Clifton Springs, White surprise corn Early yellow ear corn Five-rowed yellow ear corn Phelps, Red flint corn Yellow drop corn Eight-rowed corn Angel of Midnight corn Phelps, Eight-rowed yellow corn Gold crop corn Horseheads, Dent's nose corn Phelps, White sweet corn Seneca Castle, White pearl dent corn Early yellow corn Jjongfellow corn Sandy Hill, Longfellow corn Maple dale popcorn White rice popcorn Maple dale popcorn Slingerlands, White nose corn Edenville, Jersey dent corn Jersey dent corn Florida, White flint corn White flint corn Florida, Eight-rowed yellow corn Eight-rowed yellow corn Horseheads, Hungarian seed Clifton Hollow, Mortgage lifter corn Elmira, White rice popcorn White kidney beans White kidney beans 138 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded HonorAble Mention — Continuea. EXHIBITOR. ' ADDRESS. Henry Carpenter, Manlius, C. H. Lovell, Painted Post, W. P. Hewson, West Seneca, G. W. Ketchum, Victor, - D. E. Ayres, . Elmira, George H. Trapp, McLean, Thos. B. Larkins, Skaneateles, A. B. Fitch, Horaeheads, - M. W. Taylor, Wampsville, James Noonan, East Avon, James McCann, 2nd, Elmira, John Wheeler, Wellsburg, : - A. J. Clark, Savonia, W. D. Palmer, Batavia, John Courtwright, Corryland, Ed. I. Hill, Peruville, B. F. Sundy, Hunten Creek, - Frank H. Battles, Rochester, Leroy Sybrandt, Royalton, Henry Carpenter, Manlius, J. A. Manning, Elmira Heights, exhib;t. Dutton corn Dutton corn Learning's dent corn Red kidney beans Soja beans Red nose flint corn Mortgage liftexpats Mortgage lifter oats Blunt's prolific corn Gold coin wheat Red Clawson wheat Red Chester wheat Mortgage lifter corn Mortgage lifter corn King Philip corn Yellow flint corn Spring wheat Dupe welcome oats Little gray buckwheat Welch stooling oats Silver hull buckwheat New Delphia spring wheat Champion beardless barley Pea beans White rye Dawson golden chaff wheat Red Clawson wheat Yellow Dutch favorite corn Early sugar corn New stooling oats Dutton ear corn Eight-rowed yellow corn AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Continued. 139 EXHIBITOR. address. EXHIBIT. J. A. Manning, Elmira Heights, Blunt's prolific corn White rye Spring rye C. J. Stewart, Pointed Post, Four-rowed barley H. S. Reed, Watervale, Early fortune potatoes Byron Jennings, ' Oran, Yellow farmers onions George Harher, - Syracuse, Crawford's early -beans George Butts, Manlius, Maul's early potatoes George Eaton, Collamer, Mountain giant potatoes J. M. Thorburn & Co., New York, Frainson lettuce J. M. Durkee, Sandy Hill, Quail track corn White pearl corn Sanford white corn Jersey dent corn James D. McCann, Elmira, Quail track corn Jersey dent corn J. A. Manning, Elmira Heights, White Russian oats Probister oats White kidney beans Surprise dent corn Yellow Canada corn Eight-rowed Learning corn Quail track corn Sanford white corn A. Manning, - Elmira Heights, Angel of Midnight J. C. Howard, - Irondequoit, Duke of Endeburg cucumber Long green hybrid cucumber White spine hybrid cucumber Marquis of Lome hybrid cucumber Howard's improved cucumber Rayner's none such cucumber Chas. C. Colson, - Mullica Hill, Early fortune white potatoes 140 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Contimied. EXHIBITOR. ' ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Edward Miller, Mullica Hill, Early fortune white potatoes George W. Guanto, Mullica Hill, Early fortune white potatoes Frank Brown, - Jefferson, Early fortune white potatoes George Horner, Jefferson, Early rose white'potatoes J. C. Howard, Irondequoit, > Eclipse beets Egyptian beets Briggs' pure head lettuce Imp. early Hamon lettuce Lady fingers radish White plume celery White pearl onions Detroit dark red beets Swiss chard Fred W. Hughson, Big Fl.ats, Tobacco plants Frank Talcott, - Buffalo, Flax No. I Hand Scotch fife wheat Yellow dent corn Jonathan F. Berry & Son, Stratford Corners, White rye Wm. B. Hewson, West Seneca, Mountain sweet peppers Prescott winter cucumbers A. P. Wilcox, Jamestown, Button corn Imp. dent corn Chas. Walker, Hartland, Hartland Gem musk melon Summer crookneck squash W. S. Hudge, Hartland, Sparks' early tomatoes George W. McClure, Buffalo, Golden Queen tomatoes Seedling tomatoes Lamaland tomatoes Rounderosa tomatoes J. I. Crossway, Oakfield, Early rose potatoes 0. A. Chapin, Hartland, - Hartland Gem musk melon H. C. Mallory, Buffalo, Century tomatoes AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 141 Exhibitors Awarded Honorabi-e Mention — Continued. Mrs. Sarah G. Freer, James Biddick, John McCann, Henry Freer, Fred A. Dann, exhibitor. address. exhibit. George W. McClure, Buffalo, Common cushion tomatoes C. Parmer, Ransomville, White silver honeycomb R. S. Stouts, Auburn, - White silver honeycomb C. A. Hallegas, - - DeKalb Junction, White silver honeycomb R. A. Brummer, Hoosick, White silver honeycomb J. S. Hetherington, Cherry Valley, White silver honeycomb White silver honeycomb N. D. West, Middleburg, White clover Buckwheat F. C. Hutchins, - Massena Springs, Extracted white clover honey / ■ Basswood honey J. Bier, -, Buffalo, Golden Queen tomatoes John Van Velsor, - Buffalo, No Name tomatoes G. Hockenberger, Webster, - Livingston favorite tomatoes Imp. plum tomatoes Dwight Boughton, Holcdmb, Holland Danish cabbage Burpee extra early cabbage Chas. Swaffer, - East Onondaga, Nutmeg musk melon Surprise musk melon Egg plant Lima beans Salsify Carrots John Brand & Co., Elmira, Sumatra tobacco Chas. Swaffer, East Onondaga, Snow ball cauliflower W. A. Wadsworth, Chapinville, Citron Canandaigua, Lockport, Elmira, Canandaigua, Walton, Pail gourds Pear-shaped gourds American wonder potatoes Early rose potatoes Mammoth pie pumpkin Purple strap leaf turnips 142 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. Exhibitors Awarded Honorable Mention — Concluded. EXHIBITOR. ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. Fred A. Dann, Walton, - Early Vermont turnips Blue gallion turnips Rural New Yorker turnips World's wonder turnips Chas. Swafifer, East Onondaga, Purple' top turnips Evergreen corn C. E. Parker, Akron, Five-rgwed yellow corn John McCann, Elmira, Pride of the North corn Oren 0. Shippy, Ransomville, Bears paw popcorn Henry Horrocks, Chadwick, Golden superb corn Early mammoth yellow corn White rice popcorn. » Red White and Blue popcorn W. A. Frank, Jamestown, Common field pumpkins Lewis J. Brundage, Starkey, Mossback kale Oxheart's carrots Dawren's one-half long carrots Purple top strap leaf turnips New garden turnips White Chinese winter radishes "Weathersfield red onions Red globe onions Large rooted chicory Martynia Prolific junior potatoes Report of tl)e Dair^ Cxl)ibit By GEORGE A. SMITH, Frankfort, N. Y., Superintendent. AN EXHIBIT of the agricultural products of the State of New York would not be complete which did not include the products of the dairy, as that is the source of the principal revenue of a large class of farmers, and the way in which the business is conducted determines to quite an extent the financial pros- perity of the agriculture of the State. In the year 1900 the amount of butter pro- duced in the creameries of the State of New York was 39,183,311 pounds, and in the cheese factories 126,658,672 pounds of cheese. In the early history of commercial dairying New York had a high reputation for the quality of its product, but in later years this reputation was not maintained. Before the Canadian government turned their attention to making cheese for export the large portion of the cheese made in the State of New York was sent abroad. It was not an uncommon occurrence to see 100,000 boxes of cheese received in New York each week during the heavy flow of milk in summer months, and of this number from 80,000 to 90,000 were exported. But like many other branches of the business, having our market secured and reputation made, many of our ambitious dairymen thought they could send over inferior goods and no one would be the wiser. When Canada found that she could make dairy products as successfully as could be done on this side of the St. Lawrence river, instead of beginning with the skimmer and the use of foreign fats to take the place of butter fat, she sent representatives to England to find what kind of cheese pleased them best, and then the question came up, how to secure them. They went quietly to work a.rid with the assistance of Prof. Arnold and J. B. Harris of our own State, together with the information gained abroad, they soon placed a product upon the English markets that pleased them. It was not superior to our best make, but of a much more uniform quality. The result was soon felt by New York State dairymen, and the export trade of New York was re- duced to small proportions, while that of Montreal grew correspondingly large. In 1888, under the wise management o£ the late Hon. J. K. Brown, who was then Dairy Commissioner of thisState, a system of dairy instruction was started, not only through his department but through the assistance of the New York State Dairy Association and the Farmers' Institutes. The results of scientific investigation were spread broadcast through the dairy sections of our State, doing everything possible 143 144 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS to induce the dairymen to change their methods, give the business that meant so much to them better attention and stop the fraudulent practice of selling a cheese with half the fat removed, and put on the inarket a cheese with all the fat retained. This was a slow process of securing the desired result. It was hard to convince many farmers that present profit was not the only thing to be considered, and those who saw what was soon to follow found it necessary to seek legislation along this line and demand that such ruinous practices should cease. This was accomplished by the use of the full cream cheese brand on full cream cheese only, and rnaking it a misdemeanor to use it on those when any part of the fat had been removed. Slowly but surely we have gained ground by working along the lines of a more scientific system until a much smaller quantity of skim cheese is being made. Lately we have been turning our attention to a, quality of cheese better suited for home consumption. The increased demand for the latter kind is giving us good markets at home for nearly all the surplus milk not required for supplying our great cities and towns with milk for domestic purposes. The export trade is now almost wholly confined to the northern counties shipping via Montreal, a shorter, cheaper « and cooler route than via New York. The lesson taught us at the Columbian Exposition when we came in contact with the finest Canadian product was valuable to our dairymen. Since that time we have made rapid strides in the quality of our dairy products, but no more so than other dairy States. The recent contest at Buffalo shows a marked improvement in New York State goods. At the same time the margin, as compared with other States, when attention has been turned to this important industry, is small. Great credit is due the inventors of dairy apparatus, and the supply houses who have not only turned out such perfect working machinery but have done much in distributing the latest and best information along the lines of dairy husbandry. We have a right to feel proud of our record at Buffalo, but we cannot afford to rest on present knowledge, as Canada did at the end of their sweeping victory at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. We shall no doubt be called upon again soon to compete with the ' world, and we will not be prepared if we spend our time patting each other on the back over the Buffalo victory. We are only in our infancy in the dairy business. What there is for us to learn will make what we already know look insignificant to the dairyman of twenty-five years hence. Instruction in the irnprovement of dairy products is a s.low process. Time has made fixed habits which are hard to remove and replace with new and better methods. Unlike other mammoth business enterprises, where the very latest and best methods are employed for perfection in goods and economy in manufacture, the DAIRY EXHIBIT. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. I45 dairymen seem to be hard to convince that the causes which produce effects are not worth their time to 'study. They seem to think that scientific research is intended for college professors to teach to boys, and the results not to be employed in agri- culture. Be that as it may, the young men who are attending the various dairy schools of our country are going out among the people who are most interested and are successfully crowding out the old and imperfect methods of the past, and intro- ducing the latest and best methods known to the dairy world. As the fine creamery butter was being scored at Buffalo, last summer, the question was asked of Mr. A. H. Barber of Chicago, " To what do you attribute the main cause of the great improve- ment in dairy products, both in quality and uniformity, since the contest in Chicago in 1893?" His answer was, "Dairy schools." He explained that it was not confined directly to the students who attended the schools, but the lessons taught them had permeated the whole country and good results had followed. Fortunately the products from New York exhibited at Buffalo came from the vari- ous counties, and were so well distributed throughout the dairy sections that it shows a very uniform condition existing throughout the great Empire State. I herewith attach the scorings for the different months in which a contest took place, when we competed with every dairy State in the Union and with Canada. Our exhibits were so large as compared with many other States that it put us at a disad- vantage in averages. In most cases the butter or cheese was taken from the stock on hand, and no special pains had been taken to make a fancy package for exhibition. The exhibitors were nearly all young men who had been studying modern methods and putting them in practice. The results demonstrate the value of knowledge in dairy lines and the wisdom of those who were instrumental in securing the system of instruction which was first started in 1888. It all goes to show an encouraging future for dairying in the Empire State if we will only continue to study these questions and keep abreast with the best modern research. The Pan-American Exposition was the first opportunity since 1893 to make a showing in competition with other sections of the country and in that way demonstrate by comparative scoring whether we had made an improvement commensurate with the expense the State had incurred in the effort to secure a higher quality of butter and cheese. The record of the exhibit which follows answers this question in a very satisfactory manner and shows the wisdom of those who were instrumental in inaugu- rating this work. It shows that there were awarded at that exhibit seven rrold medals, five silver medals, eight bronze medals and two hundred and fifty diplomas. 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W to O w 10 CN 0\ On 0\ Tj- NO \0 10 10 OS ON ON c « 10 10 lJ-> U-5 10 m lO lO i. ■« w HI M M tH h- VP VP "^ >o 10 10 u-> >o to u-) o 0\ o <^ " >- O O <^ ^ ■* Tl- Tj- U a S 3 U CJ rt w s s o -a O -a o 3 O pq o U i u .« o P^ P< c pq p^ ^ P3 ro 00 NO o to On 3 P5 Q g 1) u (D 3 PP u 3 p^ ni Q ni >N a ^ < i6.o REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 00 LD M M O M CO O to VO « ON f^ to . o l-H X < a! w hJ H H I— I D Ph p^ <; w u m w w f^ in 1 ' o o 1 1 ' m ' a 1 tu rt in 1 bC t ' 1) ' o ID CJ t-H ' , 1> U2 -M bO o u bC bO nS . t/T OJ CD ' 4^ Pq bJ3 OJ -4-) ' , 'm l-H 4-> -J-) g M bD c qj fi Ph ■ 0) m ' p i; w p p3 Xl S T3 '__ "5 >1 3 o u '3 '3 o o o s H 0) bn bD TO a h bO a: ^ rt .i<: /^ Ki 1) o o u o O Pi Ph o Ph Pm u <: AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. i6i a u Hi ft I I O o o o m ID ID ID o o O o ID ID o o o ID o o o ID o o m t- t~ t^ «^ lo u-) ID o t^ N ID ID ID w o o o r^ VO r- vo \o VO VO ID VO \o r^ NO NO t^ ■51- NO NO NO ID ,NO NO NO o 9. o\ o\ o\ o\ ON ON c^ 0\ ON ON. 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U U {/I , , , , 1 1 , , , o o tT . u u u O (L) ' , 1 , t^ «" O 1 ^ c CJ s rt OJ f-l u >^ (-1 (U PM >^ 1 1 X s CU u "en )^ a s aj U g D U ft d d o o p^ d >, rt d ,iil rt C rt w -a O Q !3 (-■ 4-> 3 O en ft rt u o o 1-] o "ft s 3 pq lU "ft s 3 a pq ft s 3 pp 0) s rt 1) u i-i in o OJ bO bO 3 o _o s d c o rt T) Pk [H m u ffi o ^ H pq ^' H h C-H Ph K l-N w 1—, I62 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS ^2 >< Pi ■ < Ed P< w o < u < P4 S m Id n o H O O lO lO lO lO o in o m m o m o o o O r^ N N t^ o « in t^ t^ vn CM m m o m o a «5 - vo vo tn vo CO t-- r^ vo t^ vo j^ r^ VO vo vr> vo vo vo s S o\ o\ o\ OS Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov Ov OS OS Ov - Ov OV Ov c o O o o o o Q O o o o O o O o o o o o o o o O o. o. , o lO lO lO lO m m m m m m m m m m m m m m (1. o o o o o 0, o o o o o o O B O o o- o o o o o o o o O o o •3 o o o M o w o Hi o o (-1 o o o l-l o 1^ o M o HI Hi o o O o o o o o o n- o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o m IT) m lO m m m m m m in in m m m m O l-l IH M (-1 ^- HI HI H H tH (-1 Hi IH w M o lO o o O o o o o m o o n o a o in lO o m m m in o in m « in m •in in lo ^ • rn ■* m ■* ^ m ^ ■ R o o fi t/T fi t/T fi O o O O • - c o 3 < o ■H* ni V O O Id Si a ni ca •T3 ni 13 (U ■to ui it! cS o ^ U » IH ' 1 1 m c § 1 fi I H >. 1 X V C5 , X X H o P4 u o tn 1) u ■4-r ni 1) u >. v D 3 tn ca o o (£ P fq a o ni (L) Hi u Hi U en '53 pi en n! H-> S3 'Sh i 3 ffi pq ni s o f4 Hi s d O m O d o p^ •a a o 1— . p o en o cS V -H> ni (U C ni CO vo Ov vo ro ov i-i t"^ (H »-i 3 pq ■HI pq ' Hi V Hi fi Hi s ni eu Hi u V bO ni 3 ni 1) u 1) hD ni pq (U S ,i4 bO o ni P^ U o Hi CIJ Hi O en ^ u o o en c o O HI m Hi 0) ftn m n bn , 1 , , d rrt nl Hi -H» O O > H r-' -< AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 163 ft Ca ta to i u u o m in m t^ 10 VO f^ 1 § ir, '> .2 >■ .3 wT -H' g H C/3 C 13 U 4-* u 1) a. r^ 'C tfi fl M !3 ni U U ' a! 4J Oh •4J -H) M ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ s ' f ' ' ■< ^ ' ' ' in , , I , k , , 1 1 H ^ . u ( ^H n (U C " a a" a •_ ■^ w" ■^ , M 3 »— 1 hA Pi t/3 (J H « > >^ hT a) Q ni Q ■H* bO Hi '3 ni Q (^ Ph «) H( bO ,i3 1) ni +-> ^ ni a^ oT Cfl" 0) H. 1) s rt Hi 1) ho ^^ H < 164 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS a- 6 u u hi ■.Cl o ■u O >r> U1 irj t/1 U1 U-) 10 m m m t^ t^ N t^ « in r^ 10 10 r^ i^ m 10 in t^ «^ 3 K 10 VO VO VO t^ VO VO i^ VO m r^ 10 r^ VO r^ r^ VO o\ Oi 0\ a. 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U H , >. d 3 m ■^ no OS r^ r^ CO \o O (U > c (U ni J=i „ CL) u ' CTi X u ■-H w 1 , ni u ;-< aj M O X s o O H W ffi U AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION, i8i o VI •a o (J B hi n o o U-) o o t^ o d V 00 r^ lO t^ *- »-l O Cn ON On f^J o o ji o o o o 'a o d o E t-i M M o o o o u in o m o ;0 'o '^ lO 4 ID u M M tH H (D S^ O o o "2 T3 " O IT) IT) o o s « ON' 00 00 00 H c N w N w a ' O u-1 o o O IT) M > A 'i- ro ro Th S ^ ^ ■5t- ^ < ■ ■ 1 w ' ' u J5 , W O t— ( w o o o ■5; • ^ (U 0) 1) m > > > =1 s 3 ^ tu OJ O (U w w O iz; w : ' ' % ' 1 < •a ' ' m , k O J 1 H n f-i OJ s r^ , o nS > o 0) J2 P5- ^ ffi ^' <■ ^ ^ < 1— ^ 00 ON vo On u o ft W u a JS , U ,j_, 1) ;-( C/3 u a. j:3 w U u ^ n x>- a f-i >< u W ai u hn (D ll Hi ^ so s u t/3 bn 3 cS C bc „^ , n! rt ci -tj 0) > H H < I82 REPORT OF- BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS o (^ \J u a lii »-' p. n O to lO lO o o o o to to to o to to o to o to to O t^ r~ t^ lO to o r^ « « o C4 « to N o o <^ N to ^ ■ \o IT) o 4 VO 'i- VO t^ to so to to SO so SO SO to t^ so r^ to o o Cft 0\ t^ 0\ OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS H w m lo u-j u-l O to to to o o to o to to o o to O to to .2 r^ r^ r^ r^ o <^ N r^ o o r^ to t^ r^ o o o t^ o r^ t^ c 0\ Ov ON o\ o OS OS OS o d o> OS OS (3S o o OS o OS OS E^ >^ M w l-t IH M IH in lO lO o o to to O to to to to to to to to to o o t^ t^ 1^ ir, lO o t^ i-^ to r^ r^ N r~ to t^ t^ r^ t^ «^ to •4- 4- ■* 4 4 to 4 4 to ■* ■+ 4 ■^ m o lO to o to o o o o to o o o o Si -v 3 O t^ O •o N o o t^ o o r^ o to o O o N o o o o to ^m ro 4 H ro "if 4 ro 4 4 tn n ro 4 4 ■* 4 '^ to 4 to -co r*! 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'$ E ffi td % :2^' <■ f4 ffi p^ p^; fx; < ■<■ V a O > o W (U > IS o o m in n o / t^ t^ m 10 w 10 in M ^ N^ m m in in *^ i^ 10 m 10 10 in ro ro ^ in in « N N N cq N « N N w ■ m m ui >o j^ t^ m 00 t^ 00 r^ 00 ro 00 00 00 00 'It- ^ ^ "^ •* -=1- Nt •* 't Tj- -i-i ■*-» L_J CL, 3 1 r ) 1 U 3 1 1 ca >^ M Lh c ^ ,^ hO bC ^ u s u ni (4 c . 1) ni 14 < ^^ OJ K ni Q 1 a en t-l ni bO XI t-t hi) Ml ni c bl) . 1 ,__ ni nt fTi -4-1 > H H <; o I— ( ni o c X W aj S m N M ON 00 NO ON CO N ^^ ni bn bn bD ni J3 U v X) ni >-• H g o C« Crt CO m M m VO CO 0\ u aj ni a , x W K ^ p ;-. ;-< ni a; s g E-i 0) ft ft 1) aj aj bo ni u aj > U 1 84 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS u o tJ o O o lO o o o o o lO lO LO m o LO o o vo r^ o o lO o u-j un o lO « t^ o r* o w LO O M "i i o 1^ 00 00 ON 00 00 00 r* NO r^ 00 t^ 00 ON 00 ON CO 00 ON 00 o o OS ON ON ON ON On ON On On ON ON 0\ ON ON ON ON ON (3N On l-l o m o o o vo lO O U-) io lO o o o o o o LO j: o r^ o o t^ r^ o t^ r^ t^ o o o o o o N O O c ON o o o ON ON o ON ON ON o o d d d o CN d d S H M M M tH M M tH w M o to lO o o o m lO O lO o 0' o o o o LO M o >o t^ t^ o o o r^ t^ m 1-^ o lO o o o o o o o r^ o U lO ■* M ir, lO lO ■4- ■* ?• 4 lO lO lO LO l-l LO LO LO 4 V >. o lO o O in o lO lO o LO o lO o o LO LO LO o 3 O o t^ lO lO lO N lO N CM o r^ lO r^ in lO N r^ o t;« d 00 o\ ON On 0\ 0\ ON On ON 00 ON 00 On C\ CN ON ON ON ON ON n N N N N N Ol W N N N N w N N N CI N N N N (5 m o O o lO o lO m lO o XO LO O LO o o o N in m N o t^ w 1^ o o W LO LT) N N LO 1 lO 'J- 'd^ ■* ■* ■^ ■ rn fO 4- 4 4 4 n- ■* 4 4 4 4 ^ Tl- -^ •^ , , in in l-H o CJ 1 w ^ rj 3 V 1) o o OJ tn > >N t/1 3 en o > 3 o ■4-) > 3 "c3 s o en >> V P- d o 3 3 tS q CD rt O o rt OJ V u o o O o en C U CJ 5 U ni i-i O 6 o 1-1 d O s S aj bC 3 w (U < en O H AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 185 10 10 8 10 10 IT) 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 IT) IT) 00 ON ON ON 00 On 00 ON NO ON ON On ON 00 ON ON 00 ON 00 On 00 ON 00 ON 00 ON 00 ON On 00 ON 00 ON ON On 00 ON 00 ON ON On ON On ON ON 10 10 10 n in n j^ 1^ t^ r^ ON w h-C l-l l-l ON 11 M M ON M M ON H l-l M 10 10 10 »o 10 U-3 IT) n n n n t^ iri t^ r^ r^ t^ 10 t^ t^ 10 M M l-l l-l ^ ■51- ■ o o ii W _1 hJ M 1 >^ 1 >^ ' ' ' 1 1 TO ' nj nj rf ^ CJ s f1 3 a aJ" > s !3 m a. 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' 1 ■ 1 1 ■ S u a w *Hi ni -t-j u :z; 13 S 3 S n P u bO s CO Hi ni ni CO "3 ^ w en ni PM d u u d (X! ■? w a ffi Hi h4 CO ffi §■ ^' u §■ J3 d 4J u u w d *■ ■* ■* -* -* m in ■<1- Th -^ ^ f m ^ ■f Hi M w w w w N w N N N M N w N N w « CI N w cd lO lO o in m o in o o o o in m O O o o o O O N w m r^ t^ t^ o m in in in M 1^ o in m o m o rt CN 00 OS 00 00 OS oo OS 00 OS 00 OS OS oo OS so oa OS OCT oo h ■^ ■* ■* ■* '^ ■, T-i 1— i ^ to 3 "^ ;.J '7^ o a ; 1 1) o s S s m _o _o 'a. 2 > c a c S ti « IS cS ol a t« Cll +J n IS !> > > ^ ji nf hJ W w W M U U 1-1 f^ 1 •4= ■,a „ • CnT x) o r> ri XI 1) 13 o > (1) O rt tS k: 3 V| IS OJ ■J^ 1— ( P4 H Plh m c 3 (4 O ni ,0 O H »h' tH*^ ^r 3 ' . n" a s a ^Jh -1-1 }H ni 1) -4H c '►3 13 C/3 ',5 o' Ph w w M J3 ni < c> 3 =^ H bn G n 3 O w fcH AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 1 89 loOtnioOioOioO O mioO O O otoioioO O O O Om MioN N OMOt^O Or^w OinO O N wt^O OOOjj^w 00 r^oo OsOsr^oo ^-^-.C^OOoooooocooooooooo C^O^O OCnOn 0\0^0^0^0\O^O^a^C^O^C^a^G^O^C^O^O^O^O^O^O^O CnC\Os w M w M H M H M M IT) u-l 10 r^ t^ U-) r- 10 10 in H m M ^ IT) 10 10 IT) vn to to to to M to to to M to to to 10 lO IT) u^ IT) VO to to to 10 iri 10 x^ t^ m N r^ IT) 10 t^ lO l^ LO t^ to r-^ to to r~- lOOiOOtoO O u-imO 1^0 O inO OioOioO O O O O O i>.-0 r^ioN irju^r^r— ION u-ji-or^i-oiot^ioN O O O mioio 000000 OOSOOOOOOOO OONOOOOOOOOCOOOOO O O OS O O 0\ OS c/T 1-H ni a 13 bo < 3 < ni CI ni a ^_, 1) (U ■4-J m m Uh & •t^ a ni h-l w W U U ho bfl .ii — I- ' S 3 bn 1 a 5: 3 iT > CO U > > cS o3 C c 3 ^ S: s e -t-J CTi trt a TJ Tl ^ < < V D C C Cl) 1) is fs rt nf ni" rt a > > > i-y" hJ 1-1 u c V 1) OJ W M [I. V CS w <; pL, , u u '^ =a M en pq r T3 1—^ ns ni s G c o»' ni nS C/J M X x' W W »£, S S u PQ , , 1 , . , . 3 1 u , 1 >^ t^ 1 1 u . ^ . , , ni a bD >> ni "o . a" w X ni Jh" u bn hn 1 a !:; ' — . i5 £ ni PQ ni -a ni ni ni ■4-» -4-> ni CO a bO ni bb ni a u ni < < >< S a -t-j ni P -1 h4 1-i hJ Cll O O O O O O 1/1 O O O O ov d o o o •^ in m m m m w o z w p en W Milford, - - . - Fayetteville, Antwerp, - - - - Antwerp, - - - • - Chester, - - - . Chester, .... w z. en a< o H m S 0. A. Weatherly, - - - - F. E. Dawley, F. X. Baumert & Co., - F. X. Baumert & Co., W. A. Lawrence & Son, W. A. Lawrence & Son, o o 00 ' 00 ON 1:^ 00 ON ,J3 dj , u. U i) lU ni Td 1) m U H H c; u (U 0) o K o o O u S o o ■*-> K o }H (U tn .Q o !> o (A e o O (U rt D hn lU 11 S O t/3 bo 3 (1) ca C bC , , , , ni rt ni 4.1 O O > H H u 8 w -4-1 w 13 ho 1) 1-1 bO bo . ■ ■4-J 1 1 - i^ t-H PL, u w p^ u ni ■ ' ■ «r ■ 1 ■ nJ G ni 11 ni bO V u bO ho bo W ;-< u 0) 1) u 1) m 1) V U s 0) (D 13 1) OJ U u s U 3 H Ul U ho ni -4-> 4-' -4-J 4-4 >-, >, >,, >, -4-> t-i (J u a Clj pj a- 1) s 3 1— , ^ "3 1—. CD CO > < 192 REPORT OF BOARD OF GE^ERAL MANAGERS Migl^est IMividaat ^corz, t,&ci) Exhibit. May Export Cheese. W. H. McCadam, Heuvelton, ^ - - - - May Home Trade Cheese. W. H. Fitch, Lowville, - J. W. Mutter, Eddyville," - ... C. E. Pierce, Lowville, - - ... May Young America Cheese. A. B. Carlen, Geneva, Cornell University, Ithaca, May Pine Apple Cheese. O. A. Weatherly, Milford, Robert Norton & Co., Attica, - - ■, - May Club Cheese. F. E. Dawley, Fayetteville, May Neufchatel and Square Cream Cheese. W. A. Lawrence & Son, Chester, F. X.'Baumert & Co., Antwerp, July Export Cheese. J. L. Wood, De Kalb Junction, W. A. Goings, Orleans Four Corners, July Home Trade Cheese. Publes Bros., Champion, L. A. Waite, South Rutland, July Young America Cheese. A. B. Karlen, Geneva, A. E, Helmer, Evans Mills, July Sage Cheese. E. Wilson, Philadelphia, July Neufchatel and Square Cream Cheese. W. A. Lawrence & Son, Chester, F. X. Baumert & Co., Antwerp, July Club Cheese. F. E. Dawley, Fayetteville, September Export Cheese. W. J. Reed, Heuvelton, September Home Trade Cheese. A. E. Helmer, Evans Mills, Richardson, Beebe & Co., East Auirora, 98.75 98.50 98.50 98.50 99.00 99.00 98.50 98.50 98.50 98.50 99 .00 99 .00 99-25 99-25 99.00 99 .00 99.00 99 ,00 99- ■50 100 .00 98.00 97 .00 97 .00 AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. I93 September Young America Cheese. A. B. Karlen, Geneva, ■'- •- 98.00 September Sage Cheese. Charles Day, Philadelphia, - - . -^97.00 E. Wjlson, Philadelphia, - - 97.00 September Pine Apple Cheese. Robert Norton & Co., Attica, - 98.00 O. A. Weatherly, Milford, - - 98.00 October Export Cheese. A. Banford, De Peytser, 99-25 Jarnes Farrell, Morristown, 09-25 Martin Springer, Redwood, 99-25 Charles Kirkland, Redwood, - - - 99-25 October Home Trade Cheese. C. C. Day, Windecker, 99-5° Charles Day, Philadelphia, - - 99.50 October Young America Cheese. A. E. Helmer, Evans Mills, - - 99.00 October Sage Cheese. Charles Day, Philadelphia, - - 99-25 October Club Cheese. F. E. Dawley, Fayetteville, - 100.00 October Pine Apple Cheese. Robert Norton & Co., Attica, 99-5° O. A. Weatherly, Milford, 99 -50 October Neufchatel Cream Cheese. F. X. Baumert & Co., Antwerp, 100.00 W. A. Lawrence & Son, Chester, -. . -■- . 100.00 Higf) Individaal Average for ,3e^a3on. Export Cheese. W. J. Reed, Heuvelton, - 98.06 Home Trade Cheese. A! F,. Helmer, Evans Mills, 97-19 Package Creamery Butter. Rosemary Creamery Co., Adams, - 96.85 Package Dairy Butter. Martha J. Winsor, Hart-wick, - - 95-62 Creamery Print Butter. R. H. Bent, Adams, ... 97.06 194 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Number of Avards of Aedats and Diplomas, Dair^ DMgion. Gold Medals, Silver Medals, - ... Bronze Medals, Export Cheese Diplomas, Home Trade Cheese Diplomas, Miscellaneous Cheese Diplomas. Creamery Butter Diplomas, Dairy Butter Diplomas, 84 82 8 60 16 AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 195 Awards, New ^.or^ dtate Dair^ Division. NAME. ADDRESS. SUBJECT OF AWARD. N. Y. State Board of Managers, Butter and Cheese Exhibit N. Y. State Board of Managers, Greatest aggregate and highest average score F. E. Dawley, Fayetteville, Dotshome Club Cheese W. A. Lawrence & Son, Chester, Neufchatel and Cream Cheese F. X. Baumert & Co., Antwerp, Neufchatel and Cream Cheese W. C. Dunham & Co., - Cuba, Large Cheese, 1 100 lbs. Rosemary Creamery Co., Adams, Exhibit of Creamery Butter N. Y. Agricultural Ex. Station, Robert Norton & Co., O. A. Weatherly, - • , - G. A. Smith, A. W. Page, 31LVCR n^DAL3. Geneva. Attica, Milford, Frankfort, Whitneys Point, ^RON^ia n]SDAL^3• Cheese cured at different tem- peratures Pine Apple Cheese Pine Apple Cheese Cheese made in 1900 Fancy Package Creamery Print Butter A. E. Helmer, Evans Mills, Young America, Picnic Flats and Export Cheese Thbs. F. Rutherford, Chipman, Exhibit Creamery Butter W. E. Hitchcock, Savannah, Exhibit Creamery Butter Wm. D. Griffiths, Aurora, Exhibit Creamery Butter T. B. Humphrey & Co., Churubusco, Exhibit Creamery Butter B. S. Crapser, Waddington, - Exhibit Creamery Butter Mrs. C. B. Owen, Jacksonville, Exhibit Dairy Butter Martha J. Winsor, Hartwick, Exhibit Dairy Butter ig6 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Diptoma Avards in Dair^ Division. NAME. RESIDENCE. SCORE. Frank H. Fitch, Hammond, 98.00 W. H.Mills, Heuvelton, 98-75 J. W. Reed, Heuvelton, 99.00 Jessie Wood, De Peyster, - 97-50 Will Smith, De Peyster, 98.50 A. J. Frowley, Rensselaer Falls, - 98.00 €. E. Giffin, De Peyster, 98-75 W. H. McCadam, Rensselaer Falls, - 97-5° L. B. Gibbs, North Wilna, 98.50 Fred Middlemiller, Constableville, 97.00 F. C. Gowdy, West Martinsburg, 98-75 J. H. Smith, ._ Houseville, 98 00 Clara Petrie, Turin, 98.50 J. W. Thraves, De Kalb, - 97*75 J. L. Wood, De Kalb Junction, 99.00 W. A. Goings, Orleans Four Corners, 99.00 F. B. Dunway, East Rodman, - 98-75 M. M. Filisftore, Wo'odville, 97.00 Geo. J. Jefford, Woodville, 96.25 Albert Pat-chen, Kokomo, 99.00 Norman Young, Kokomo, - 99.00 C. C. Owen, Lowvilk, 97-25 F. L. Hall, Lowville, 97-5° E. Batman, - West Martinsburg, 98.50 B. B. Lewis, Sandusky, 98.25 J. B. Lewis, Sandusky, 98.25 W. H. McAdam, Heuvelton, 98-75 A. W. Overacker, Gouverneur, 98-25 A. B. Hargrave, Heuvelton, 98.50 M. Young, East Aurora, 95.00 AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. New York Cheese — Export — Continued. 197 NAME. RESIDENCE. SCORE. R. H. Babcock, Rossie, 94-75 D. F. Babcock, Chippejva Bay, 95 oo- H. A. Rees, Lowville, - 98 50- H. E. Richardson, East Aurora, 96 25 W. H. Richardson, - East Aurora, 96 oo- H. A. Petrie, Turin, 99 oa Hannah Petrie, Turin, 98 75 A. B. Virkler, Gouverneur, 94 25 C. C. Dugan, Rossie, 98 S» Geo. Defendorf, - Brasie Corners, - 98 75 Elmer Curtis, Brasie Corners, 99 00 A.. Banford^ - - De Peyster, 99 25 M. Petrie, Lowville, - 96 75 B. B. Miller, Lowville, 95 75 Lafayette PoUey, Burrs Mills, 98 25 W. Beebe, - ' - East Aurora, 96 00 Geo. Bush, Gouverneur, 94 oo- Clayton Beebe, East Aurora, 95 50 B. F. Charter, Edenton, 99 DO- Michael Heiley, Constableville, 96 00 L. A. Rogers, Sandusky, - , 97 25 C. W. Richardson, Little Falls, 96 25 Fred Wood, ■ Steuben, - 97 50 John Cooper, Macomb, 98 00 W. E. Wartmaii, "Fairfield, 96 25 J. H. Searl, Lowville, 97 75 James Mills, Gouverneur, 96 25 Thos. Dickinson, De Peyster, 98 25 Eugene Collier, De Kalb Junction, 98 25 Frank Biche, Bigelow, 97 25 Loren B. Smithers, - - - - i Hammond, 98 00 R. R. Wilson, Chippewa Bay, 98 75 W. S. Cuthbert, - - - - - Chippewa Bay, 98 50 198 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS New York Cheese — Export — Continued. MAME. RESIDENCE. SCORE. Mrs. N. Babcock, Chippewa Bay, 98 •5° W. F. Bollinger, Omar, 98 25 Francis Bollinger, Omar, 98 5° James Farrell, Morristown, 99 25 W. H. Thornhill, Flackville, 98 75 Charles F. Jones, Ogdensburg, 98 75 Merrell Mayne, Heuvelton, 99 00 Lester Rickett, Heuvelton, 98 75 James Morris, Heuvelton, - 98 75 Geo. H. Charter, Brasie Corners, 99 00 Geo. M. Wood, Woodville, 98 5° J. F. Newton, East Arcade, 97 25 A. N. Townsend, Philadelphia, 98 25 Eli Mosher, Antwerp, 98 75- H. L. Smith; Philadelphia, 98 75 C. A. Overacker, Redwood, 98 25 Martin Sprague, Redwood, 99 25 Hugh Kirkland, Redwood, 98 25 Charles Kirkland, Redwood, 99 25 E. C. Wagner, St. Lawrence, 98 25 S. N. Gould, Evans Mills, 98 5° M. E. Searl, Publes Brothers, J. H. Harrison, L. A. Wait, C. M. Henry. E. G. Graves C. E. Merz, - J. W. Mutter, W. J. Webb, - Fred. M. Burns, Nev y:orl^ C\)zz%z — Home Trade. Martinsburg, Champion, - Cherry Valley, South Rutland, Harrisburg, Lowville, Croghan, Eddyville, Johnsonville, - Bellwood, - 98.50 99^5 97-25 99-25 98.25 99-5° 99-25 98.50 97-25. 99.00 AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 199 New York Cheese — Home Trade — Continued. NAME. ;;>■ B. M. Graves, J. A. Barber, G. H. Monrow, W. T. Finn, J. K. Fuller, - W. H. Fitch, J. H. Fox, Geo. Plummer, E. H. Evans, Peter Bachman, Henry Merz, John A. McGrath, Joseph Rice, G. S. Alger, J. W. Bennett, E. Wilson, T. Atkins, M. E. Fitch, A. B. Karlen, W. C. Dunham, T. W. McGrath, Young & Young, Geo. Searl, J. McAdam, J. C. Hardy, H. S. Sweetland, W. E.York, . Geo. Lowson, J. L. Gibby, - Geo. P. Mellon, F. W. Church, Lowie A. Tice, J. M. Hartman, RESIDENCE. SCORE. Copenhagen, 99.00 New Boston, 98.25 Copenhagen, - 97-5° Copenhagen, 97.00 Copenhagen, 98-75 Lowville, 98.50 Copenhagen, - 97-25 Constableville, 98.25 Turin, 98.50 Naumburg, - 99.00 New Bremen, 98.00 Copenhagen, 97-5° Manheim, 98.25 Martin sburg. 98.25 Harrisburg, 97-75 Philadelphia, 99.00 Little Falls, 98.50 Lowville, 97 25 Geneva, - 99 00 Cuba, - 99.00 New Boston, 97-25 Fillmore, 97-5° Lowville, 99.00 Leon, 95-25 Lowville, 98-75 Hamlet, 98.50 Bellwood, 96.00 New Boston, 96-75 Johnsonburg, 97-75 Constableville, 98.00 Holly, 96.25 Roseboom, 96.50 Andover, ... 97-25 200 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS New York Cheese — Home Trade — Continued. NAME'.- residence. 1 ■ score. Jas. A. Hogue, Angelica, 95.00 J. H. Rupert, Ransomville, 9.4-25 S. P. Lintz, Jr., East Schuyler, - 97-5° S. A. Hall, - - - Kirschnerville, 96.2s N. Kieffer, Kirschnerville, 96-75 Love Bros., South Stockton, 95.00 C. W. Noble, West Martin sburg. 98-75 W. H. Stoney, Jr., - - - Barre Center, 97-75 H. L. Babcock, - Forestville^ • - 98-75 Raymond S. Warner, Fairfield, - 1.- 98.00 A. J. La Munion, Munsville, .- 96 00 Clyde Hurlburt, - Orangevilk, - 97-50 E. B. Tucker & Son, Hannibal, - 97-5° W. H. Loomis, Harrisburg, 97.00 Chas. E. Pierce, Lowville, 98.50 Fred Ferguson, Philadelphia, 9S.00 Geo. F. Butts, Harrisburg, - 97-:S Mrs. W. A. Wheeler, . - - Bellwoo3travl)erries. Our collective exhibit of strawberries, on which we received a gold medal, f extended from June twenty-third to October thirty-first. It covered something over ]8o varieties, shown by 63 different exhibitors. The most attractive exhibit which we were able to make was on June twenty-ninth, when we had over 700 plates of Marshalls on exhibition and 1200 plates of other varieties. The Marshall berries are very dark in color, large in size and of exquisite flavor. They demand the highest cultivation, and in sections where they do well are among the finest for home =use. This exhibit was shipped to us from growers in all parts of .the State, and was pronounced by our competitors to be the finest strawberry show they had ever seen. 14 2IO REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS The largest exhibit of different varieties of strawberries was made by the New York Agricultural Experiment Station, of Geneva. The largest individual exhibit was made by Mr. Wm. Palmer, of Grooms, who contributed seventy-one varieties. Although grown in the eastern part of the State they were received in perfect con- dition, which is surprising, when you take into consideration that in so large a collection there are many varieties which are regarded as not being of good shipping quality. Nearly all market strawberries are shipped in ventilated crates, but those ■which came to us in tight packages were received in the best condition, and the fruit sent in this way remained in good condition longer when displayed than the other. Such varieties as the Sharpless, Carrie and Gandy held up from six to eight days after being displayed, drying up rather than decaying. The exhibit of the " Pan-American" strawberry, made by Mr. Samuel Cooper, of Delavan, was remarkable. From July eighteenth until November second Mr. Cooper kept a continuous display of his new seedling strawberry on our tables. The quality of the fruit is very good, resembling the Bismarck somewhat, but the fact of its con- tinuous bearing throughout the summer is wonderful. Mr. G. E. Ryckman, of Brocton, also exhibited a very iine new seedling, showing both the fruit and the growing plants. The growth is very strong. The fruit is of good color and extra large size and remarkably fine in quality for so large a berry. Another seedling of merit was the Corsican, shown by Mr. Charles A. Green, of Rochester. (looseberries. Our display of gooseberries was a revelation to many of our own citizens. Because of mildew and other difficulties this is a fruit which is not very largely grown, and as it is seldom found in market people lose sight of it. When properly prepared for table use it is one of our finest summer fruits. Those who have partaken of none of the new, sweeter, yet delightfully acid, varieties have but little conception of its value. 'The rapid strides which have been made in scientific fruit culture have enabled growers to successfully combat with mildew and blights which formerly madethe culture of the finer English varieties unprofitable. Growers who begin early in the season to spray their bushes thoroughly and continuously with sulphide of potassium, and who under- stand that the soil needs to be shady and Icept cool, are growing this fruit to per- fection. The demand for gooseberries is rapidly increasirig, and it might well take the place of the cranberry in making jellies to be served with meats, game and fowl. The extent to which this fruit is being grown can be judged from the fact that at one time we were able to show 1 39 named varieties. The largest exhibit of gooseberries was made by the New York Agricultural Experiment Station, consisting of 128 varieties. w w -< o c < AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 211 Our exhibit of currants comprised something over 9,000 plates and sixty varie- ties, continuing for forty-three days. The first to be exhibited were Fay's Prolific, White Grape and Cherry. A number of new seedlings were shown, on which medals were awarded to the propagators. Among the finest were the Perfection, exhibited by C. G. Hooker, of Rochester; the Diploma, exhibited by Mr. Jacob Moore, Vine Valley, and the Chautauqua Climbing, exhibited by E. H. Fay & Son, Portland. One of the finest varieties which was exhibited was the White Imperial. A continuous display was maintained for twenty-eight days, showing that this is a currant of long season, and careful tests proved it to be of the finest table quality. The President Wilder also attracted much attention. I<^aspl)erries. Of this popular fruit we had a magnificent exhibit, extending from July third to August twenty-second. Many new varieties were placed on exhibition. The dis- play of Columbian, Ohio, Gregg, Palmer and Kansas indicated that these are among the most profitable and popular varieties in the black caps. Of the red varieties we had a large and beautiful display. Our exhibit of blackberries, dewberries and huckleberries comprised every variety grown in the State, and indicates the wide range of our possibilities as a fruit growing section. Apricot? and Nectarines. On June twenty-ninth a fine exhibit of nectarines, comprising four varieties, was shown by Cornell University. It is to be regretted that this fruit is such a diffi- cult one to grov/, as its beauty and quality would soon make it a most popular sort. The samples which we had on exhibition attracted a great deal of attention, as it was entirely new to many people. The apricot is a native of Central Asia, and the perfection with which it can be grown on the soils of New York State simply helps to demonstrate the vast number of varieties of fruits which we can produce. The samples shown from the various counties in Central and Western New York comprised the following varieties : Acme, Nicholas, Shenoe, Catharine, Cluster, Alexander, Large Early, Mantagamet, Moor- park, Jackson, Roman, Golden Russian and Gibbs. 212 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Plttms. The soil and climatic conditions of Central New York and the Hudson River valley, as well as the grape belt along the line of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, make an ideal situation for plum growing. While this fruit is not adapted to all sorts of soils, there are hundreds of acres ipNew York upon which-it can be grown profitably. Our large cities and thickly populated manufacturing sections make a fine market for this popular fruit, and it is cultivated by many. While the summer of 1901 was not an ideal one for profitable plum culture, we were able to make a very good exhibit, extending from July twentieth to October seventeenth. The great multitude of varieties extends the marketing season so that it is one of the most profitable fruits in sections to which it is adapted. The attractive Japanese varieties, which are so easily grown, made a most showy exhibit. The display of prunes and English varieties, with their bright green, yellow and blue coloring, made the plum display one of the most beautiful of the season. The first variety to be shown was the Wild Goose, and among the last ones on the tables were the Copper, Warner's Late Red, Wayland, Damson and Shippers' Pride. Pead)e3. From August first to November first on our tables were found the finest collec- tions of peaches that were shown in the Horticultural Building. The peach is a native of Persia, and delights in a warm climate, yet some of the finest flavored peaches which are grown in the world are produced on Long Island, in the Hudson River valley and in Central and Western New York. While we have had some trouble iu peach growing, in the way of yellows, borers and other difficulties, it is one of the most profitable fruits our producers grow. We hear much about the large crops in other States, still a large portion of all that 'finds its way to our New York markets is home grown. Oiir displays demonstrated clearly that no finer peaches are grown anywhere than in New York State. VitiCttltare. Very few people realize the extent of New York State's grape growing industry. So nearly as can be ascertained the vineyard area in the Chautauqua grape belt com- prises over 25,000. acres. The Central New York lake region has an acreage of not less than 20,000 acres, divided as foUov/s : In the vicinity of Canandaigua lake 6000 acres, in the vicinity of Keuka lake 7000 acres, in the vicinity of Cayuga lake 2000 # 3 •A w D O AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 213 acres, in the vicinity of Seneca lake 5000 acres. In Niagara and Orleans counties there are about 2000 acres, and in Onondaga and Oswego counties about 1000 acres. In the Hudson River valley there are about 15,000 acres, and in isolated vineyards . in other parts of the State there are probably 2000 acres, making the total acreage for the State about 65,000 acres. The aggregate saks of grapes over the State this year, independent of those sold to wine makers, will not be less than 1 10,000 tons. From official sources we learn that shipments in carload lots from twenty-nine leading stations in the Chautauqua grape belt in 1899 amounted to 6977 cars. Each car consists of about 3000 eight- pound baskets, or from twelve to twelve and a half tons of fruit. From all the data which can be obtained it is evident that the grape crop of New York State brings more money to the grower than does that of California. Very few people seem to realize that New York State is far in the lead as a grape-growing as well as an apple-grow- ing State, and in preparing our exhibit we were particularly anxious to demonstrate the State's prominence as a grape-growing section. Our first exhibit was received on August eighteenth, and consisted of three varieties. Shipments came in rapidly, from that time until November first, and on ' many occasions we had more than 2000 plates of grapes on the tables at one time. During the month of September an average of 1200 plates of grapes was kept on the tables, and during October the average was 1800 plates. The largest cluster of grapes exhibited during the exposition, from any State, was shown by Mr. D. M. Dunning, of Auburn, and weighed eight pounds nine ounces. It was grown under glass, and is shown in the center of the plaque in one of the accompanying illustrations. A large number of very fine new seedling grapes were shown. The best seedling, by all odds, that was shown was produced at the New York Agricultural Experiment Station, and is known as Seedling No. 797. It is the finest of the hybrids that have been brought out under Prof. Beach's experiments, and should find a place in every collection as soon as it is disseminated. It grows very compact in the cluster, is of fair size and is very rich and sweet. The Charlton, shown by Mr. John Charlton, of Rochester, and some of Mr. Moore's seedlings were also of very superior quality. It may be interesting to know that in the grape exhibits-New York received more awards than all the rest of the States together, and exhibited four times as many varieties as any other State. While-but little space was reserved- for wine exhibits New York's exhibit was larger than any other, excepting California, and each of our exhibitors received an award. 214 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Apples Cirown in l^ol. Had our competitors arranged conditions we could not have been more seriously- handicapped in attempting to make an apple exhibit than we were this season. Official figures show that the apple crop of New York State was less than eighteen per cent of an average crop, and while the fruit grown in 1900 which we exhibited- contained no blemishes, it was hard work to find enough perfect specimens of the crop of 1901 to make a first class plate. We were not able to secure as many varieties of winter fruit as we had in cold storage of the season before, because many sorts did not bear fruit at all. However, our samples came from a wide range of territory, and in a few isolated orchards we were able to get fine specimens. Even with these unfavorable conditions we were successful in winning more awards than any of our competitors, and with the samples of cold storage fruits which remained on our tables throughout the fall we were able to impress upon dealers that New York State still maintained with ease its position as an apple-growing section. Many people have an idea that exhibits of this character are of but little practical value to the State. Could they have seen the eagerness with which apple buyers and cold storage operators watched the various shipments as they came in, taking note of the quality and the section in which the fruit was grown, this notion, would have been dispelled, and I believe fully that the increased prices which the pro- ducers of apples alone received for their 1901 crop because of the samples which were exhibited, would more than pay the cost of the State's horticultural exhibit at the exposition. Among the newer varieties of fruit shown some of the most beautiful were the Bismarck, Stark and Boiken. Many varieties which are not usually grown and which seem to possess superior merit were shown, among them being the Gano, Canada Red and Cooper's Market. While the.varieties of apples have been multiplied almost without number, it is still a fact that those Avhich seem best adapted to market cul- ture can be named on the ten fingers, and it will be many years before the Baldwin, Spy, Greening, Hubardtson, Esopiis, Spitzenburg, Russets, King and Ben Davis are crowded out. While many people have an idea that the Ben Davis as grown in the west is a better apple than when grown in New York, it is a fact that the finest colored specimens and those which kept the longest during the exposition were grown on New York State soil. The Rome Beauty attracted considerable attention at the exposition, and the growers who have tried it speak in the highest terms of its fruitfulness and ability to resist wind. The entire season's work with apples demonstrated clearly that while thousands y. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 21 5 of acres may be set in the west, New York has but little to fear from that com- petition. New Mexico and Oregon exhibited particularly fine specimens of fruit, and while, contrary to the general belief in the east, they were of good flavor, opera- tions must be carried on there on a large scale to be profitable, and they do not get the fine texture and keeping quality in their fruit which is manifested in ours. Our quince exhibit, grown in 1901, was line, and the wide range of varieties shown and the large number of exhibitors making the display, indicated that this fruit is receiving more attention. One of the greatest attractions in the Horticultural Building were our plaques of fruit, which were five feet high and six feet wide. The first one set up represented Spring, the second Summer and the third Autumn. In these designs over looo pounds of fruit were used, and not a blemish in the lot. The third one representing Autumn was at its best on New York Day, and was admired by thousands. Prince Eito, of Japan, said it was the most magnificent work of the kind he had ever seen, and requested that a photograph of it be sent to him. The designs of the other States did not approach these elaborate pictures. Another feature of our exhibit was the baskets of the finest fruits, which were maintained from August first to the close of the exposition, which we varied from day to day, sometimes filling the baskets with grapes and at other times with peaches, plums or apples. While the display on plates was most carefully inspected by those most interested in fruit, and was many times studied whole days by scientific men and professional growers, the fancy designs attracted the attention of the general public, and impressed them with the beauty and quality of New York State's fruit. The plan of color and association of form in these designs entitled them to be styled works of art. They were designed by Mr. F. E. Dawley and executed by Mr. Julius Heinrich. The especial thanks of the management of the Horticultural Department are due to the director of the New York Agricultural Experiment Station, at Geneva, who did so much to make our exhibit a success ; to Prof. S. A. Beach, horticulturist at the station, and to his assistants, for their careful packing and labeling of the various sorts of fruit which they contributed to the exhibit. Many of these sorts are new, or but little known, and it would have been impossible for us to name them. Our thanks are also due to Dr. I. P. Roberts, Prof. L. H. Bailey and Mr. G. E. Hunn, of Cornell University, for the fine exhibits which they maintained, and especially for the specimens of hot house grown apples and semi-tropical fruits. The section of 2l6 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS our space which was occupied by the Chautauqua Fruit and Wine Association was kept well filled with a fine display of Chautauqua county's superior horticultural products, and the president of this association, Mr. G. E. Ryckman, and the secretary, Mr. S. S. Crissey, are entitled to much praise for their assistance. Our New York State exhibit was recognized by all the exhibitors in the building as a strictly educational exhibit. Nothing was plaeed on our tables unless it was carefully named. We wish to thank Prof. H. E. Van Dem'aii for his uniform courtesy- and assistance in correctly naming disputed varieties. It is a source of gratification to us that the New York exhibit received more gold medals than any three competitors, and that while we received forty-nine awards of gold medals the next highest com- petitor, the Province of Ontario, received eighteen, and the next highest State twelve. The list of awards is as follows : doU i^edals Awarded. Awards of gold medals were Inade to the New York State Board of Managers as follows : For general exhibit of pomaceous fruits, grown in 1901. For collection of apples, 345 varieties, grown in 1900 and kept in cold storage. Exhibit continuous from May first to November second. Display of pomaceous fruits grown in 1901. Display of pears grown in 1901. Exhibit of peaches grown in 1901. Exhibit of plums grown in 1901. Collection of grapes grown under glass. Display of grapes grown in 1901. Display of currants grown in 1901. Collective exhibit of strawberries, June twenty-third to October thirty-first. Collective exhibit of bush fruits grown in 1901. Display of pomaceous fruits, grown in 1900 and kept in cold storage. Display of wine. To exhibitors in New York State gold medals were awarded as follows : Chautauqua Grape and Wine Association, collective exhibit of grapes grown in Chautauqua county. Chautauqua Grape and Wine Association, collective exhibit of fruit grown in Chautauqua county. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 217 Cornell University, Ithaca, general display of fruits. Dotshome Farm (F. E. Dawley), Fayetteville, display of fruits of superior merit. D. M. Dunning, Auburn, largest and heaviest cluster of grapes exhibited at the exposition. D. M. Dunning, Auburn, display of grapes grown under glass. C. H. Darrow & Co., Geneva, general display of fruits of superior excellence. Geo. A. Davis, Mexico, collection of strawberries of superior excellence. EUwanger & Barry, Rochester, collection of fruit. Ellwanger & Barry, Rochester, collection of pears. A. G. Eighme, Lbckport, general exhibit of fruit of superior excellence. John Hutt and S. C. Shaver, Cobleskill, display of Esopus Spitzenburg apples, grown in Schoharie valley. Grant C. Hitchings, South Onondaga, collection of apples. Charles W. Jennings, Belleville, collection of 35 varieties of apples of superior quality, grown in Jefferson county. George S. Josselyn, Fredonia, large and superior display of grapes. New York State Fruit Growers' Association, L. T. Yeomans, president, large and highly creditable exhibit of New York State fruits. New" York AgricultTiral Experiment Station, Geneva, display of 128 varieties of gooseberries. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, a highly meritorious display, consisting of 70 varieties of apples of the crop of 1900, and 161 varieties of the crop of 1901, making a continuous display during the entire season of the exposition. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, a highly meritorious display of plums, consisting of 113 varieties. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, a highly meritorious display of grapes, 122 varieties. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, exhibit of 56 varieties of currants. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, an extensive, continuous and highly interesting exhibit of fruit. Wm. Palmer, Grooms, a highly meritorious exhibit of strawberries, consisting of 79 varieties. W. H. Pillow, Canandaigua, a continuous and highly creditable exhibit of fruit. S. D. Willard, Geneva, a meritorious exhibit of Wilder and AVhite Imperial currants. S. D. Willard, Geneva, a comprehensive exhibit of fruits of high, superior merit, continuing throughout the exposition. S. D. Willard, Geneva, display of Keifer pears. I. A. Wilcox, Portland, a comprehensive and highly creditable display of fruits. Woodward & Jacques, Lockport, a comprehensive and highly creditable display of fruits. Van Buren & Son, Stockport, display of Lady apples. G. E. Ryckman & Son, Brocton, display of New York State (Brocton) wines. 2l8 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Germania Wine Cellars, Hammondsport, display of champagne and sparkling wines. Erie Preserving Company, Buffalo, display of canned fruits. Boomer & Boschert Press Company, Syracuse, exhibit of cider and wine mills and presses. J. Hungerford Smith, Rochester, display of syrup mixing apparatus. Spramotor Company, Buffalo, display of spraying machines. Silver AVedats Awarded. Awards of silver medals were made to the New York State Board of Managers as follows : Collection of nuts grown in 1901. Collection of grapes grown in 1900, and kept in cold storage. Collection of peas grown in 1900, and kept in cold storage. To exhibitors in New York State silver medals were awarded as follows : R. A. Babcock, Spencerport, collection of apples. S. S. Crissey, Fredonia, collection of fruit. S. S. Crissey, Fredonia, special display of assorted and fancy packed grapes. Geo. H. Cole, Penn Yan, collection of grapes. Elmer N. Coye, Bristol Springs, display of grapes of superior merit. Satnuel Cooper. Delavan, continuous display of a new seedling strawberry (Pan American), from July eighteenth to November second. Dutchess County Agricultural Society, Poughkeepsie, collection of apples. Essex County, collection of apples. W. L. Eastman, Ovid, collection of apples. E. H. Fay & Son, Portland, general display of fruit of merit. Hart & Scott, Penn Yan, collection of grapes of superior merit. J. B. Hadden, Pultney, collection of grapes. C. G. Hooker, Rochester, exhibit of new seedling curraint, Perfection. T. S. Hubbard Company, Fredonia, display of 50 varieties of grapes. King & Robinson, Trumansburg, display of fruits of superior merit. Henry Lutts, Youngstown, general display of fruits. John N. Lewis & Son, Annandale, display of Newtown Pippins. David Lidzy, Selkirk, a large and meritorious display of apples. Geo. S. Josselyn, Fredonia, display of Campbell's Early grapes. S. W. McCollum, Lockport, display of fruits of merit. Jonas Martin, Brocton, display of grapes and plums. Jacob Moore, Vine Valley, an interesting and valuable display of hybridized seed- ling fruits, including pears, grapes and currants. y. o o o <', o AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 2ig Onondaga County, collection of apples, collected by C. M. Peck, Fayetteville. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, new seedling grape, Station No. 797. Ontario County Fruit Growers' Association, extensive display of apples and pears. James G. Patterson, Sheridan, meritorious display of nuts. Wm. Palmer, Grooms, a comprehensive and creditable display of fruits. G. E. Ryckman, Brocton, display of Ryckman's strawberries. C. H. Fay, Portland, display of new seedling currant, Chautauqua Climbing. E. Smith & Son, Geneva, display of pears. J. S. Smith, Hammondsport, display of Catawba grapes grown in 1900, also in 1901. F. W. Vail, Milton, display of peaches. White & Rice, Yorktown, a comprehensive and meritorious display of fruits. Palmer Worden, Fayetteville, collection of grapes. Samuel J. Wells & Son, Fayetteville, display of grapes. H. S. Wiley, Cayuga, valuable display of fruits. D. H. Wells, Fayetteville, collection of grapes. Odd Fellows' Home, Lockport, display of fruits. T. B. Wilson, Halls Corners, display of Hubbardson apples. J. E. Lown, Penn Yan, display of Be.i Davis apples. G. F. Morse, Schuyler Falls, collection of apples. A. G. Meicklejohn, Putnam Station, collection of apples. E. L. Smith, Willsboro, collection of apples. W. D. Barnes, Middlehope, display of Elberta peaches. Mrs. J. T. McCready, Buffalo, display of canned fruits. J. H. Smith Co., Rochester, display of fruit syrups. ^ron^e Aedals Awarded. Award of bronze medal was made to the New York State Board of Managers for Collection of quinces grown in 1900. To exhibitors in New York State bronze medals were awarded as follows : Allnatt & Bliss, Fredonia, display of strawberries. Allnatt & Bliss, Fredonia, display of plums. William Aiken, Geneseo, display of raspberries. L. G. Arnold, Benton Center, display of pears. L. B. Babcock, Fulton, display of apples. Charles N. Baker, Selkirk, display of apples. W. A. Bassett, Farmer, collection of apples. Herbert Beattie, Halls Corners, collection of apples. W. H. Becker, Portland, collection of grapes. 220 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS S. P. Belden, East Williamson, display of blackberries. W. F. Benjamin, Fredonia, display of fruit. James F. Bennett, Eagle Harbor, display of Baldwin apples. Birdseye & Son, Stanley, display of fruit. Fay Bloomingdale, Alabama, collection of apples. G. H. Bradley & Son, Lake Road, display of Dutchess of Oldenburg apples. L. G. Brainard, Ellington, display of fruit. H. L. Brown, Carlton, display of orange quinces. J. G. O. Brown, Wilson, collection of apples. John Carlton, Rochester, display of new seedling grape (Charlton). P. G. Cato, Fredonia, display of fruits. W. A. Clark, Eden Center, display of new seedling grape. Chautauqua Fruit and Grape Juice Company, Westfield, display of unfermented grape juice. F. B. Clothier, Silver Creek, general display of fruits. E. J. Cole, Sheridan, display of grapes and plums. J. B. Collamer & Son, Hilton, Twenty-Ounce apples. E. L. Calvin, Fredonia, display of fruits. L. E. Cowden, Fredonia, display of fruits. Fred Crosby, Crosby, display of grapes and plums. I. N, Crosby, Pekin, display of Niagara grapes. John W. Crozier, Halls Corners, display of fruits. T. N. Cross, Poughkeepsie, collection of apples. F. E. Dawley, Fayetteville, display of orange quinces. Duffy, Mountfort & Green, Newark; exhibit of apple cider. G. D Ells, Schuyler Falls, collection of apples. Fairview Fruit Farm, Lockport, collection of pears. L. J Farmer, Pulaski, collection of strawberries. O. N. Fay, Portland, display of Campbell's early grapes. Ferguson Brothers, Voorheesville, display of apples. H. C. Foster, Canandaigua, collection of grapes. ' W. L. Foster," Canandaigua, display of -Bosc pears. George W. Fuller, Portland, display of fruits. Frank Giles, Sheridan, collection of grapes. Gleason Fruit Juice Company, Ripley, display of unfermented grape juice. C. A. Green, Rochester, display of Red Cross currants and Corsican strawberries. A. W. Griffin, Hartland, display of fruits. P. V. Hixon, Appleton, collection of apples. , ^; F. W. Hill, Adams Basin, collection of apples. N. W. Harder, Kinderhook, collection of apples. J. W. Harkness, Harkness, collection of apples. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 221 F. W. Hill, Adams Basin, collection of apples, crop 1900. James A. Hulbert, South Onondaga, collection of apples. John W. Hand, East Hampton, display of apples and peaches. Ira S. Jarvis, Hartwick Seminary, collection of apples. A. Kusniski, Fredonia, display of grapes. J. O. Lockwood, Olcott, meritorious display of peaches. David Macfarlane, Scarborough, display of gooseberries. Hugh M. Magee, Groveland, display of hickory nuts. Geo. Miller, Bristol Springs, display of wines. H. M. Miller, Barre Center, collection of apples. Mrs. M. E. Marsh, Fredonia, collection of grapes. W. T. Mann, Barkers, meritorious display of apples. ' W. L. McKay, Geneva, meritorious display of fruits. Geo. Marks, Canandaigua, collection of fruits. F. Norton, Jeddo, collection of apples. Geo. R. Nellis, Clarkson, display of peaches. M. F. Pierson, Stanley, extensive display of fruit. O. C. Palmer, Union Hill, collection of apples. H. J. Porter, Fredonia, display of fruits. Geo. Pettit, Portland, display of fruits. Geo. T. Powell, Ghent, display of fruits. Norman Pomeroy, Lockport, continuous display of English walnuts. Putnam & Worden, Fayetteville, collection of grapes. R. J. Presler, Stanley, display of apples. C. G. Presler, Fergusons Corners, display of apples. John T. Roberts, Syracuse, collection of apples. A. Reisinger, Naples, display of grapes. Dr. C. A. Ring, Appleton, display of fruits. Louis Roesch, Fredonia, display of fruits. G. E. Ryckman, Brocton, display of fruits of merit. G. E. Ryckman & Son, Brocton, display of grapes. Lawrence Ryckman, Brocton, display of Niagara grapes. F. N. Randall, Ripley, unfermented grape juice. Duncan Rhind, Canandaigua, collection of grapes grown under glass. G. E. Ryckman & Son, Brocton, display of unfermented grape juice. G. E. Ryckman, Brocton, exhibit of brandy. M. Studley, Fredonia, display of strawberries. F. H. Snyder, Ghent, collection of apples. C. L. Stearns, North Syracuse, display of new seedling apple of merit (Stearns). C. L. Stearns, North Syracuse, collection of apples. F. H. Snyder, Ghent, display of Ben Davis apples. 2 22 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Truman L. Stone, steward of Craig Colony, Sonyea, collection of strawberries. I. N. Stebbins, Albion, display of fruit. H. M. Stone, Rock Station, display of fruit. W. L. Smith, Portland, collection of grapes. J. H. Teats & Son, Williamson, display of -peaches. A. W. Tuttle, Fredonia, display of Early Crawford peaches. Mrs. Nelson Tenney, Hamlin, display of gooseberries. Urbana Wine Company, Urbana, collection of grapes. F. E. Van Epps, Stanley, display of fruit. A. Y. Van Epps, Geneva, display of plums. Edward Van Alstyne, Kinderhook, collection of apples. H. S. Wiley, Cayuga, collection of apples. H. S. Wiley, Cayuga, display of Mercereau blackberries. Denton Wood, Stanley, display of apples and quinces. Mont Worden, Fayetteville, display of fruit. Albert Wood & Son, Carlton Station, creditable display of fruit. E. A. Willis, Pulaski, creditable display of apples. The Welch Grape Juice Company, Westfield, Welch's grape juice. W. F. Will, Sheridan, display of Rathbone blackberries, L. Young, Fredonia, display of grapes and berries. Honorable Mention. To exhibitors in New York State honorable mention was awarded as follows : James Allen, Middleport, display of Baldwins. Mrs. G. H. Arnold, Bently, display of apples. S. M. Avery, Fredonia, display of pears and currants. Geo. Aldrich, Silver Creejc, display of grapes. E. F. Beach, Silver Creek, display of grapes. E. Button, Lockport, display of strawberries. S. E. Burdough, Lyohsi, display of apples. A. Bowman, Hartland, display of apples. Herbert Breathe, Stanley, collection of apples. Levi Bell, Sparkill, display of plums. • Wm. H. Barden, Halls Corners, display of apples, Beal & Son, Victor, display of Baldwin apples. W. T. Hart, Poughkeepsie, collection of apples. E. A. Barnes, Lockport, display of plums. D. G. Bliss, Fredonia, display of fruit. W. A. Bassett, Farmer, display of pears. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. J. D. Biirdick, Fredonia, display of Lucretia dewberries. W. S. Cockburn, Silver Creek, display of Worden grapes. Fred W. Clark, La Grange, collection of apples. J. F. Converse & Co., Woodville, collection of apples. T. Costello, Benton Center, collection of pears. Thomas Cant, Clarksville, collection of apples. A. U. Cockran, WestfieW,, display of Niagara grapes. A. C. Condit, Geneva, display of apples and pears. J. W. Coughtry, New Scotland, display of cherries and pears. M. S. Curtis, Fredonia, display of fruits. A. B. Cranston, Sheridan, display of fruits. U. E. Dodge, Fredonia, display of Delaware grapes." Geo. B. Douglas, Dunkirk, display of Niagara grapes. C. M. Day, Geneva, display of pears and quinces. Wm. Dufloo, Sodus, display of fruits. Chas. Duncan, Appleton, display of apples and plums. A. H. Dutton, Youngstown, display of apples. H. D. Dunkley, Fredonia, display of Fay currants. Day & Hall, Fredonia, display of strawberries. Geo. W. Dunn, Webster, display of apples. S. DeLos Davis, Barker, display of Bosc pears. C. Edwards, Dunkirk, display of strawberries. S. Edick, Olcott, display of peaches and pears. W. L. Foster, Canandaigua, display of grapes. J. B. Fuller, Holley, display of King apples. P. T. Gibbons, Sheridan, display of Concord grapes. C. Green, Fredonia, .display of strawberries. H. J. Grouinhauck, Fredonia, display of Jessie strawberries, Elias Gates, Coxsackie, collection of apples. Wm. D. Genus, Leona, display of Brandywine strawberries. M. N. Hubbard, Fredonia, display of Jessie strawberries. E. E. Hamlet, Sheridan, collection of grapes. Ashley B. Howes, Canaan, collection of apples. J. Hardehburg, Fredonia, display of cherries. J. A. Hepworth, Marlboro, display of currants. G. A. Houseman, Carlyon, display of fruits. E. T. Hart, Fredonia, display of fruits. Mrs. A. H. Johnson, Fredonia, display of Fay currants. J. P. Inslie, Clifton Springs, display of apples. G. Jaarda, Fredonia, collection of grapes. Mrs. S. U. Johnson, Canandaigua, display of Orange quinces. E. Knapp, Seneca Castle, collection of apples. 223 224 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS F. E. Knight, Portland, display of grapes. C. Keen, Syracuse, collection of apples. H. U. King, Clifton Springs, collection of apples. W. I. Ketchem, Wrights Corners, display of fruit. H. B. Lewis, Fredonia, display of strawberries. Mrs. Chas. Lewis, Flint, display of Hislop crabapples. G. Loucks, Scriba, display of Rhode Island Greening apples. J. M. Lown, Gage, collection of apples and pears. Mrs. A. Losee, Fredonia, collection of apples. Mrs. H. L. Losee, Fredonia, display of apples. H. F. Morgan, Fredonia, collection of grapes. Maxwell Bros., Geneva, display of pears. F. L. Mixer, Fair Haven, display of apples. G. F. Morse, Schuyler Falls, collection of apples. Chas. Mann, Breakabeen, collection of apples. T. C. Maxwell, Geneva, display of apples. H. G. Miner, Sheridan, collection of apples. E. S. Miller, Germantown, display of apples. A. G. Meicklejohn, Putnam Station, collection of apples, crop of 1900. Geo. W. Marsh, Portland, display of fruits. H. R. McNair, Dansville, display of apples. Geo. Miller, Bristol Springs, collection of grapes. H. J. Nellis, Stanley, collection of apples. D. A. A. Nichols, Westfield, display of pears. J. K. Nickleson, Oaks Corners, collection of peaches and plums. Mrs. G. H. Perkins, 221 East avenue, Rochester, display Bismarck apples. L. T. Parker, Leon a, display of Fay currants. W. H. Purdy, -South Livonia, display of Doyne de ete pears. J. A. Putnam, Fredonia, display of Clapp's Favorite pears. J. A. Powers, Portland, display of Fay currants.- D. L. Prisch, Middleport, display of apples. Geo. W. Potter, Somerset, display of Keifer pears. H. J. Putnam & Son, Fredonia, collection of grapes. L. C. Patterson, Sheridan, collection of grapes. Henry Pettit, Portland, collection of grapes. E. A. Rowley, Albion, display of Roxbury Russet apples. Chris. Raming, McNeils Corners, collection of apples. F. L. Reeves, Palmyra, collection of apples. J. A. Reynolds, Ontario, collection of grapes. Duncan Rhind, Canandaigua, display of pears. W. H. Robertson, Stanley, display of apples. z o o o AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. E. T,. Smith, Willsboro, display of apples, crop of 1900. ^^'. A. Scott, Sheridan, display of grapes. John W. Spencer, Westfield, display of fruits. W. K. Stebbins, Sheridan, collection of grapes. W. H. Schwerk, East Otto, collection of grapes. W. I. Smith, Hilton, collection of apples, crop of 1900. Geo. W. Snyder, Scriba, collection of apples, crop of 1900. S. Stace, Charlotte, collection of apples. John Swan, Vine Valley, collection of grapes. Edward C. Smith, Gasport, display of Baldwin apples. G. H. Stacey, Syracuse, collection of apples, crop of 1900. George S. Semon, Spencerport, display of orange quinces. George N. Skinner, Fredonia, collection of grapes. E. B. Tolles, Sheridan, display of fruit. D. A. Tripp, North Ridgeway, display of peaches. W. F. Taber, Poughkeepsie. display of Brandywine strawberries. Clyde W. Tenney, Hamlin, display of Baldwin apples. Thomas E. Trumball, Stanljey, collection of apples. Charles D. Taber, Wilson, collection of apples. Lester Tanner, Medina, display of strawberries and apples. Mrs. C. H. True, Pittsford, display of berries and nuts. Jared Van W^g^iieri; Jr.. Lawyersville, collection of apples, crop of 1900. Henry Warner, Orleans, display of apples. H. F. Weaver, Fredonia, collection of strawberries. B. F. Wilcox, Glenville, display of fruit. E. S. Whittaker, Reeds Corners, display of orange quinces. E. W. Woolford, Weedsport, collection of apples. Samuel J. Wells, Fay.etteville, collection of apples, crop of 1900. E. C. Warner, Cobleskill, display of strawberries. Alex. Coon, Medina, collection of plums. Clark H. Cramer, Hartland, display of Maiden Blush apples. Irving W. Crandall, Albion, display, of Baldwin apples, grown in 1900. G. Couchman, Fredonia, display of Champion grapes. S. C. Dailey, Lockport, display of fruit. J. H. De Witt, Fredonia, display of raspberries. U. E. Dodge, Fredonia, display of seedling peaches. Mrs. George W. Davis, Lancaster, display of Bartlett pears. Lewis C. Fairchild, Bath, display of Fallawater apples. A. W. Foote, West Somerset, display of apples. J. B. Garbutt, Barker, display of apples. C. W. Lowns, Penn Yan, display of apples. 15 225 226 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS E. C. Merrill, Geneva, display of apples. W. B. Mead, Portland, display of Burbank plums. Mrs. Charles Miller, Geneva, display of pears. S. S. McNamara, Graham, display of plums. E. J. McClew, Newfane, display of Twenty-Ounce apples. Wm. H. Outwater, Olcott, display of plums. George B. Nellis, Clarkson, display of Smock peaches. Calvin Nichols, Willink, display of plums. A. M. Phelps, Stanley, display of apples. R. J. Paschke, Fredonia, display of Bell pears. Leonard Rea, Coxsackie, collection of apples. W. Henry Roberts, Syracuse, display of Yellow Transparent apples. C. C. Robertson, Ransomville, display of Bartlett pears. Wheeler Rose, Syracuse, display of Fallawater apples. George Simmons, Geneva, display of Wealthy apples. E. O. Denton, Somerset, collection of apples. Sheldon Butler, Sheridan, collection of grapes. Stone Bros., Scriba, display of Bartlett pears. G. H. Simmons, Geneva, display of Anjou pears. E. W. Skinner, Portland, display of Niagara grapes. S. A. Smith, Stanley, collection of peaches. New York State Board of Managers, display of tropical fruits and apples grown under glass. E. L. Smith, Mexico, display of Hislop crabapples. Chas. E. Walker, Hartland, display of Greening apples R. D. Wilson, Wrights Corners, collection of apples. John Wells, Shortsville, display of peaches. C. W. Steadman, Warrens Corners, display of Fall Pippin apples. T. C. Thier, Fredonia, display of strawberries. A. W. Tuttle, Fredonia, collection of peaches. D. W. Tucker, Fredonia, collection of strawberries. J. B. Vanderveer, Oaks Corners, display of peaches. Norton Van Gilder, Seneca Castle, display of apples. C. L. Watrous, Arkright, display of apples, crop of 1900. H. E. Wyckoff, Sheridan, display of Bartlett pears. Henry B. White, Leona, display of orange quinces. Edward Whiting, Seneca Castle, display of Twenty-Ounce apples. John Watson, Fredonia, display of Clap.p pears. C. F. Lewis & Co., Brocton, exhibit of unfermented grape juice. J. D. Davis, Westfield, display of brandy. J. D. Davis, Westfield, display of native wines. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 227 Catalogue of ]SxI)ibitor3 in tl)e Horticaltaral Department. Avery, S. M., Fredonia. Aiken, Wm., Geneseo. Allnatt & Bliss, Fredonia. Allis, Jay E., Medina. Able, C. K., Dunkirk. Arnold, L. G., Benton Center. Arnold, Mrs. G. H., Bentley. Allen, James, Middleport. Aldrich, George, Silver Creek. Bloomingdale, Fay, Alabama. Burghdough, S. E.. Lyons. Broad, Chas., Jeddo. Brown, Miss Ella, Portland. Button, E., Fredonia. Bonquin, C. L., Laona. Bond, F., North Boston. Babcock, W. H., Fredonia. Belden, S. P., East Williamson. Burdick, J. D., Fredonia. Benjamin, Wm. F., Fredonia. Beckwith & McLean. Bliss, D. G., Fredonia. Barnes, E. A., Lockport. Bell, Levi, Sparkill. Brown, J. G. 0., Wilson. Bradley, G. H., & Son, Lake Road. Babcock, L. R., Spencerport. Baker, Chas. N., Selkirk. Babcock, L. B., Fulton. Bassett, W. A., Farmer. Breese, H. G., & Son, Hoosick. Brainard, L. G., Ellington. Borden, Wm. H., Halls Corners. Beattie, Herbert, Halls Corners. Bennett, James T., Eagle Harbor Beal & Son, Victor. Bowman, A., Hartland. Breathe, Herbert, Stanley. Baggerly, B. W., Clifton Springs. Bassett, W A., Farmer. Butcher, R., Fredonia. Betts, J. W., Ripley. Barnes, W D., & Son, Middlehope. Birdseye & Son, Stanley. Brown, Geo. H., Williamsport. Colvin, E. L., Fredonia. Clothier, F. B., Silver Creek. Cowden, L. E., Fredonia. Couchnian, G. W., Fredonia. Cole, Mrs. E. A., Fredonia. Crissey, S. S., Fredonia. Cato, P. G., Fredonia. Colvin, E. L., Fredonia. Coon, Alexander, Medina. Cornell University, Ithaca. Coughtry, J. W., New Scotland. Crosby, I. N., Pekin. Cook, M. N., South Byron. Crosby, Fred, Crosby. Condit, A. C, Geneva. Cooper, Wm., Seneca Castle. Collamer, J. B., & Son, Hilton. Cross, F. N., Poughkeepsie. Clark, Fred W., La Grange. Chase, Geo. S., Hector. Crozier, J. W., Halls Corners. Cronin, J. W., Halls Corners. Crofut, F. H., Le Roy. Cave, P. J., Fredonia. Cushman, Mason, Silver Creek. Cranston, A. B., Sheridan. Costello, T., Benton Center. Coleman, M., & Son, Canandaigua. Darrow, C. H., Geneva. Dotshome Dairy Farm, Fayetteville. Dawley, F. E., Fayetteville. Duncan, Charles, Appleton. Dailey, S. C, Wilson. 228 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Dufloo, William, Sodus. Dunlop, Robert W., Fayetteviile. Dumas, George O., Fulton. Davis, D. A. A., Westfield. Davis, Mrs. George, Lancaster. Davis, S. De Los, Barker. Day, C. M., Geneva. Dodge, U. E., Fredonia. Dunning, D. M., Auburn. Douglas, George B., Dunkirk. Denton, E. O., Somerset. Dutton, A. H., Youngstown. Dunn, George W., Webster. Darrow, C. H., & Co., Geneva. Davis, George, Mexico. Day & Hall, Fredonia. Dunckley, H. D., Fredonia. De Witt, J. M., Fredonia.. Downer, H. E., Forestville. Essex County. Ellwanger & Barry, Rochester. Ells, G. D., Schuyler Falls. Eastman, W. L., Ovid. Edmunds, C, Dunkirk. Eighme, A. G., Lockport. Edict, S.. Olcott. Farmer, L. J., Pulaski. Fay, E. H., & Son, Portland. Ferguson Brothers, Voorheesville. Fairchild, Lewis C, Bath. Fellows, Henry C, South Onondaga. Fuller, J. B., Holly. Foote, A. W., West Somerset. Foster, W. L., Canandaigua. Freer, W. H., Canandaigua. Fay, O. N., Portland. Foster, H. C, Canandaigua. Fuller, George W., Portland. Greens Nursery Co., Rochester. Gouinlouck, H. J., Fredonia. Genns, William D., Laona. Green, C, Fredonia. Green, C. A., Rochester. Goodwin, Frank, Portlaixd. Greenfield, J. M.. Buffalo. Griffin, A. W., Hartland. Guest, Elbert A., Fredonia. Garbutt, J. B., Barker. Gregory, Charles P., Stanley. Gates, Elias, Coxsackie. Giles, Frank, Sheridan. Griffin, N. G., Canandaigua. Gibbons, P. T., Sheridan. Houck, James A., New Scotland Hill, Fred W., Adams Basin. Hunt, G. E. & h; S., Fredonia. Hooper, E, J., Fredonia. Hand, J. W., East Hampton. Houseman, G. A., Carlyon. Hart, E. T., Fredonia. Hubbard, T. S., Company, Fredonia. Hamler, E. E., Sheridan. Hart & Scott, Penn Yan. Hadden, J. B., Pulteney. Hixon, P. v., Appleton. Hitchings, Grant G., South Onondaga. Harkness, J. W., Harkness. Hardin, N. W., Kinderhook. Howes, A. B., Canaan. Hunn, G. E., Ithaca. Hubbard, M. N., Fredonia. Hale, Wm. H., Fayetteviile, Hooker, C. G., Rochester. Hepworth, J. A., Marlboro. Houston, Mrs. J. H., Florida. .Hulbert, J. A., South Onondaga. Hart, Wm. H., Poughkeepsie. Inslie, J. P., Clifton Springs. Jennings, C. W., Belleville. Johnson, Mrs. H. A., Fredonia. Jarvis, Ira S., Hartwick Seminary Jaarda, G., Fredonia, AT THE PAX-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 229 Josselyn, Geo. S., Fredonia. Johnson, Mrs. S. N., Canandaigua. Keene, C, Syracuse. Knapp, Lee, Seneca Castle. Kramer, Clark H., Hartland. King, H. U., Clifton Springs. Kearney, W. E., Medina. King & Robinson, Trumansburg. Kusniski, Andrew, Fredonia. Knight, F. E., Portland. Kinner, Geo. W., Fredonia. Kitchem, W. I., Wrights Corners. Lewis, J. N., & Son, Annandale. Lown, J. M., Penn Yan. Lidzy, David, Selkirk. Loucks, G., Scriba. Lewis, H. B., Fredonia. Lambkin, Wm. M., Lamberton. Letson, J. E., Laona. Lutts, Henry, & Son, Youngstown. Losee, Mrs., Fredonia. Lincoln, O. M., Newark. Lewis, R. N., Annandale. Laur, A. R., Niagara. Lewis, Mrs. Chas., Flint. Lewis, C. W., Penn Yan. Luther, R. D., Fredonia. Lockwood, J. O., Olcott. Lutts, Henry, Youngstown. Main, Prescott D., Clockville. Mann, Chas., Breakabeen. Meicklejohn, A. G., Putnam Station. Morse, G. F., Schuyler Falls. Mixer, F. L., Fair Haven. Maxwell, T. C, Geneva. Moore, Jacob, Vine Valley. Mead, W. B., Portland. Marks, Geo., Canandaigua. Mann, W. T., Barker. Miller, E. S., Gerraantown. Moffett, Wm., Stanley. Merrill, E. C, Geneva. Murphy, J. E., Clockville. Miller, H. M., Barre Center. Miner, H. G., Sheridan. ' Miller, Mrs. Charles, Geneva. Maxwell Brothers, Geneva. Marsh, George W., Fredonia. Mudge, W. S., Hartland. Miller, George, Bristol Springs. Marsh, E. N., Fredonia. Morgan, H. F., Fredonia. Martin, Jonas, Brocton. Magee, Hugh M., Groveland. McFarlane, David, Scarborough. McCollum, S. W., Lockport. McNamara, S. S., Graham. McCollum, J. B., Hilton. McClew, E. J., Newfane. McNair, H. B., Dansville. McKay, AV. L., Gene\-a. New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva. New York State Board of Managers." New York State Fruit Growers' Associa- tion, L. T. Yeomans, President, Walworth. Nichols, Calvin, Willink. Nickerson, J. K., Oaks Corners. Norton, F., Jeddo. Nellis, H. J., Stanley. Nellis, George R., Clarkson. Ontario County Fruit Growers' Associa- tion, S. D. Willard, Geneva. Onondaga County Fruit Growers, C. M. Peck, Fayetteville. Odd Fellows' Home, G. W. Haynes, Super- intendent, Lockport. Outwater, William H., Olcott Paschke, R. J., Fredonia. Palmer, William, Grooms. Pierson, M. F., Stanley. Piller, W. H., Canandaigua. REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Powell, George H., Ghent. Phelps, A. M., Stanley. Perkins, Mrs. G. H., Rochester. Presler, R. J., Fergusons. Purdy, W. H., Fredonia. Putnam, J. A., & Son, Fredonia. Porter, H. J., Fredonia. Pettit, George W., Fredonia. Patterson, L. C., Sheridan. Pettit, Henry, Portland. Putnam & Worden, Fayetteville. Patterson. J- G., Sheridan. Prish, D. L., Middleport. Palmer, O. C, Union Hill. Peterson, H., Fredonia. Parker, L. T., Laona, Powers, J. A., Portland. Rose, J. F., Coxsackie. Rose, Wheeler, Syracuse. Robertson, Wra. H., Fergusons Corners. Rhind, Duncan, Canandaigua. Robertson, C. C., Ransomville. Reisinger, A., Naples. Reynolds, J. A., Ontario. Ryckman, Lawrence, Brocton. Roberts, J. T., Syracuse. Raming, Chris, McNiels Corners. Reeves, F. L., Palmyra. Race, F. B., AVeedsport. Roesch, Lewis, Fredonia. Ryckman, E. G., Brocton. Ryckman, E. G., & Son, Brocton. Rickenbrode, F. W., Ripley. Ring, Dr. A. C, Appleton. Roth, Wm., Fredonia. Roberts, W. Henry, Syracuse. Ring, Wm., Orleans. Reeves, M. F., Orleans. Rowley, E. A., Albion. Strong, C. A., Buffalo. Simmons, Geo., Geneva. Smith, Edward C, Gasport. Smith, E. Lyman, Willsboro. Stone, H. M., Rock Stream. Smith, E. L., Mexico. Steadman, C. W., Warrens Corners. Stebbins, I. N., Albion. Shafer, W. A., Oneouta. Stacy, G. H., Syracuse. Strangher, L. C, Geneva. Spencer, J. W., Westfield. Stone Bros., Scriba. Smith, Stej^hen, Oaks, Corners. Smith, L. E., Geneva. Smith, S. A., Stanley. Scott, W. A., Sheridan. Stebbins, W. K., Sheridan. Swan, John, Vine Valley. Schifferli, H. C, Sheridan. Smith, Henry, Fredonia. Smith, W. S., Portland. Skinner, E. W., Portland. Semon, Geo. S., Spencerport. Seneca County Fruit Growers, W. L. East man, Ovid. Shaver, S. C, Cobleskill. Stearns, C. L., North Syracuse. Smith, E. L., Willsboro. Smith, W. I., Hilton. Stace, S., Charlotte. Snyder, F. H., Ghent. Smith, J. L., Hammondsport. Smith, E., & Son, Geneva. Studley, M., Fredonia. Stone, T. L., Sonyea. Schwerk, W. H., East Otto. Sweet, W. J., Sheridan. Tenney. Clyde, Hamlin. Taber, W. F., Poughkeepsie. Tinker, D. H., Fredonia. Thies, J. C, Fredonia. Tanner, Lester, Medina. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 231 True, Mrs. C. H., Pittsford. Tanner, S. W., Albion. Temple, Mrs. Maurice, Lysander. Taber, Chas. D., Wilson. Trumball, Thos. E., Stanley. ToUes, E. B., Sheridan. Tuttle, A. W., Fredonia. Teats, J. H., Williamson. Tripp, A. D., North Bridge. Upham, Egbert, Ontario. Urbana Wine Company, Keuka. Van Wagenen, J., Jr., Lawyersville. Van Alstyne, E., Kinderhook. Van Buren, B. D., Stockport. Van Gilder, Norton, Seneca Castle. Van Epps, F. E., Stanley. Van Buren, J. P., & Son, Stockport. Van Epps, A. Y., Stanley. Van Epps, F. E., Stanley. Vail, F. W., Milton. Vandervere, J. B., Oaks Corners. Webb, Mrs. Walter, Scarborough. Willard, S. D., Geneva. Wilcox, I. A., Portland. White & Rice, Yovktown. Worden, Mont., Fayetteville. Wilcox, B. F., Glenville. Warner, C. H., Brocton. Woodward & Jaques, Wrights Corners. Warner, Henry, Orleans. Wells, John, Shortsville. Whiting, E., Seneca Castle. Walker, Chas. N., Hartland. Wells, D. M., Phelps. Wood, Albert, & Son, Carlton Station. Wilson, R. D., Wrights Corners. Willis, F. A., Pulaski. Wetmore, W. E., East Wilson. Wood, Denton, Stanley. Watson, John, Fredonia. AVatson, Ira, Fredonia. Wilcox, Clark, Fredonia. Wilcox, E. P., Fredonia. Wells, D. H., Fayetteville. Worden, Palmer, Fayetteville. Wells, S. J., & Son, Fayetteville. White, Henry B., Laona. Whittaker. E. S., Reeds Corners. Woolford, E. M., Weedsport. Watrous, C. S., Arkright. Wiley, H. S., Cayuga. Wilson, T. B., Halls Corners. Weaver, H. F., Fredonia. Wollert, C. F., Laona. Wolber, H., Fredonia. Will, Wm. F., Sheridan. Young, L., Fredonia. 232 Report of tl)e Apiarian ^xt)Mt By OREL L. HERSHISER, Superintendent, Bukfalo. THE Board of General Managers, with a view to obtaining a complete and comprehensive exhibit of the agricultural resources of the State, on October II, 1900, placed Mr. Orel L. Hershiser, of Buffalo, in charge of the apiarian department as superintendent, with instructions to use every effort to bring out such a bee and honey exhibit as would be educational and fairly representative of the State's rank as one of the first in the quality and quantity of her apiarian products, and thus to encourage the extension of the industry and popularize the use of New York State honey. The superintendent entered upon his duties immediately. Active steps were taken to inform the apiarists of the State, without discrimination, as to the extent and character of the proposed exhibit and of the arrangements for transportation, installation and care of objects sent for exhibition, provided by the Board of Gen- eral Managers. There were collected 1237 pounds of comb honey and 2120 pounds of extracted honey of the product of the season of 1900, to be installed as a honey exhibit, at the opening of the exposition. During July, August and September much of this honey was replaced by exhibits of the crop of 1901. By this means the highest possible standard of excellence was, at all times, maintained. These last-mentioned exhibits aggregated 2672 pounds of comb honey, and 1996 pounds of extracted honey. The space allotted the exhibit was located in the westerly gallery of the Agri- cultural Building and was, approximately, sixteen and one-half feet deep by thirty- nine feet front. Upon this space four exhibition show cases were constructed, three in which to show apiarian products and one in which to locate a model apiary. The cases were of the uniform height of ten feet from the floor ; the three cases for the exhibition of honey being seven feet high by two and one-half feet wide, inside measure. The upper portions of all the cases were finished with a cornice, and the tops of the corners were ornamented with imitation straw bee hives. One case, eleven and one-half feet long, was placed at the east end of, and at right angles to, the long dimension of the space, its south end resting on the north line of the main passageway, thus leaving a space between the north end of the case and the 233 234 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS wall of the building which formed a portion of the space for a small storeroom. In this case was exhibited the honey produced in the model apiary that was in opera- tion at the exhibit after June 15, 1901, till the close of the exposition. A large case, twenty-three feet long, rested with its outer edge on the long dimension of the space and on the north line of the main passageway, with its east end about five and one-half feet from the west side of the case first above described. A case of the same dimensions as the first above mentioned was placed at the west end of, and at right angles to, the long dimension of the space, its south end resting on the north line of the main passageway, with its east side about five and one-half feet from the west end of the large case second above described, thus leaving a suitable passageway between the north end of the case and the wall of the building, opening into the exhibits of beekeepers' supplies. Thus the entire space was inclosed, forming a spacious booth with ample passageways at either end opening into the main passageway. The booth was well lighted with two large semi-circular windows, the base at the floor of which was nearly twelve feet long, and the extreme height about seven feet. In front of the westerly of these windows was placed a long table, appropriately draped, upon which was exhibited extracted honey in artistic glass jars. Upon this table and in the two cases last above described were shown many fine individual exhibits from representative apiarists in various parts of the State, noted for the production of fine apiarian products. The case in which the model apiary \yas located was constructed and placed against the wall and inclosing the easterly of the two large windows, all the lights of which were removed to enable the bees to fly to and from the fields to gather honey. This case was four and one-half feet wide by twelve and one-half feet long, and formed a spacious room, opening through the large window to the outside, and with a door at either end, the glass construction enabling visitors to see the bees at work and observe the various apiarian manipulations without danger or fear. The east end of this case was closed by a partition which divided it from the storeroom. On a platform, six inches high, and running the entire length of the case, were placed five colonies of bees, and on a shelf, about four feet above the platform, were placed five other colonies. During the summer and while at the exposition these ten colo- nies of bees gathered and stored, and there was harvested therefrom, 481^ pounds of extracted honey, and 523 one-pound boxes of comb honey, which averaged slightly less than one pound each. All this honey was white, and gathered from white, alsike and sweet clover, and linden blooms. Most of the colonies of bees in this exhibit were Italians. There were some hybrids and one colony of pure blacks, the latter making the largest yield, viz., 11 1 one-pound boxes, weighing o •-/J o Ph •A Ui H O w 'Z, O h-i O 'J w o o o Q 'A y w Q Q W w o AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 235 102 14-16 pounds, and 30 pounds of extracted honey. All the approved styles of bee hives were used, including the Langstroth dovetailed, the Langstroth-Falcon air spaced, the Langstroth-Root chaff and the Danzenbaker. The bees were man- aged with the especial object of practically demonstrating the methods of producing both comb and extracted honey. Frequent exhibitions were given of the various manipulations of daily occurrence to the apiarist, in operating the honey extractor and in removing the combs of honey from the hives and replacing them with empty combs to be again filled by the bees. The results were highly satisfactory. This novel and very practical exhibit of a working apiary, where the bees could be seen going from their hives in quest of honey and returning heavy laden, the product of their toil between 90 and 100 pounds of honey per colony, shown in connection therewith besides an abundance of honey for winter stores left in the hives, the 1 1 1 one-pound boxes of honey, weighing 102 14-16 pounds, the product of one hive gathered at the exposition between June 15 and September 15, 1901, shown separately, all- attracted much attention, and the comments thereon were frequent and very complimentary. The space was fully occupied with fine and representative exhibits, some of the larger of which it was necessary to curtail in order that all who sent contributions might have the privilege of having their products shown. The public manifested much interest in the exhibit and the superintendent and his assistants were kept busy answering queries and disseminating apicultural information during exhibition hours. Although the use of honey is of very high antiquity, much ignorance still prevails relative to its production and it seems not to be generally known that prior to the introduction and use of sugar, which was com- paratively recent, honey was the principal sweet. Formerly bees were hived and kept in boxes of a nearly square shape of about one and one-half cubic feet capacity; in straw skeps the form of which is familiar to almost every one as an emblem of industry ; and, in timbered countries, sections of hollow logs, called " gums," were frequently used. The honey from these hives was obtained in the fall, after frost had killed the flowers, by smothering the bees with the fumes of burning sulphur or brimstone, the honey thus obtained being a mixture of that which had been gathered from the various varieties of flowers during the summer. The science of modern beekeeping dates from the invention of the movable comb hive by L. L. Langstroth, in 1852, which invention revolutionized beekeeping and honey production. By the use of the movable comb hive the honey can be obtained without destroying the bees, and that from each variety of flower separately, if desired. Following Langstroth's invention of the movable comb hive, came that of comb foundation, which is made of beeswax and is used to save the labor of the bees in 236 REPORT OF BOARD. OF GENERAL MANAGERS comb building to a great extent, and to obtain the building of the combs evenly, uniformly and in the place desired by the beekeeper; the honey extractor, by means .of which the honey may be extracted from the movable combs, without injury to their structure, leaving them in perfect condition to be replaced in the hive to be again filled with honey by the bees, thus saving them much labor in comb building and resulting in greatly increased yields of honey ; and the bee smoker, by the use of which the hive may be opened, the honey removed and the bees handled with little danger of stings. Many other beekeeping inventions, of lesser importance, have enriched the science of apiculture, until now the returns' in honey, from a given number of colonies of bees, may "be determined with comparative accuracy. Bees are usually kept and managed by the beekeeper for the honey they produce, and to the apiarist who devotes intelligent thought and well-directed effort to the pursuit, the promises of reward in dollars and cents are as great as may be expected in most ather rural occupations. Usually from 75 to 100 colonies may be profitably kept in one place, if other parties, within a mile or two, have not overstocked the locality. Localities with a greater abundance of honey-producing flora will support correspondingly larger apiaries. In the State of New York the most cornmon source of honey is white clover, but basswood, apple blossom, buckwheat, sweet clover and golden-rod honey is extensively produced in various portions of the State. All the good sources of honey are not usually found in the same region, but two or more in the same place may nearly always be depended upon. In this State, bees well managed will produce an average of about 75 pounds of extracted honey, annually, per colony, and instances are numerous where from 100 to 200 pounds have been obtained. Nearly twice as much extracted as comb honey may be obtained from a given number of bees for the reason that, when running the bees for the former, they are saved the labor of building the combs. The keeping and breeding of bees within the State up to the limit of the flora to support them profitably to the apiarist would add greatly to the wealth of the rural populations, and save, for human consumption, a vast quantity of the purest, and most wholesome of sweets. It is safe to say that, three-quarters of the nectar secreted by the flowers goes to waste for want of bees to gather it. In some portions of the State bees are kept quite generally and the stock is sufficiently abu;idant. In other portions many more could be profitably located. The annual product of several of our most extensive bee- keepers reaches from 40000 to 75000 pounds annually, and one beekeeper, Mr. J. E. Hetherington, of Cherry Valley, has produced and sold, in a single season,, over lOOOOO pounds of comb honey. w P5 o 'A o o AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 237 It has been repeatedly demonstrated that bees are the chief agents in fertilizing fruit bloom, and that without their aid horticulture, as a pursuit, would be greatly injured, if not destroyed. Where bees have been excluded from portions of the blossoms of fruit trees such portions have been found to bear little or no fruit, while the remaining branches of the same trees, the flowers of which had been visited by bees, have fruited abundantly. It seems not too much .to say that, from an eco- nomic and scientific standpoint, the production of honey by the bee ig a mere incident, and that the great end of its existence is to fertilize the fruit bloom. Bees, unlike most other. insects, survive the winter in colonies, furnishing vast numbers of insects, eager for the nectar secreted in the fruit bloom, at a period when other insects that might perform this necessary service are very scarce. Many horticultu- rists keep bees for the benefits they render the fruit trees, and it would be the part of wisdom for every fruit grower to keep the bees necessary for this purpose. A few years ago a prominent chemist of the United States, in a spirit of pleasantry, made the unfortunate statement through the columns of a leading magazine that comb honey was being manufactured from artificial comb, which, after being filled with glucose, was capped over by appropriate machinery in a man- ner so perfect as to deceive the purchaser. A retraction followed, upon being pressed for proof of the statement, but an irreparable injury seems to have been done to apiarists. Falsehood is more persistent than truth, and ever since currency was given the false statement would-be scientists, with a greater love for sensation than for the profession of classifying facts, relations and laws, occasionally a careless journalist, and many other persons whose common sense ought to teach them better, have been passing the untruth along, and this in face of a standing reward for the last twelve or more years by the A. I. Root Company, of Medina, Ohio, of $1000 to any one who will produce one pound of the artificial article. The fact is comb honey has never been artificially made and such an achievement is as im- possible as to make artificial strawberries, or eggs that will hatch. No two combs of honey are identical in appearance, which would be the case if artificially made by machinery. Any one purchasing comb honey is absolutely sure of obtaining comb built by the bees, except the comb foundation, the honey of which is placed therein and capped over by them, in the good old-fashioned way. It was felt that too much knowledge, on the lines herein touched upon, could not be disseminated, and we feel assured that the generous aid to apiculture of the State, extended by the Board of General Managers, has not been in vain, and that much good will flow tlierefrom, both to apiarists and horticulturists, as well as the con- sumers of honey and fruits. 238 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS (iroctp II, Class lo. Collected for :^xl)ibifioii. NAME AND ADDRESS. W. S. Benedict, Perry, Charles Bootes, Potter Center, - A. A. Brimmer, Hoosick, W. L. Coggshall, West Groton, J. R. Covey, Buffalo, - Ralph B. Daly, Lockport, P. H. Elwood, Starkville, Fred H. Fargo, Batavia, C. A. Hallegas, De Kalb Junction, Margaret Hershiser, Buffalo, Orel L. Hershiser, Buffalo, R. Hershiser, Buffalo, EXHIBIT. White clover comb honey. White clover comb honey. White clover comb honey, Comb honey, - Bell flower extracted honey. White clover extracted honey (1900), White clover comb honey, White clover extracted honey, White clover comb honey, White clover comb hone.y, White clover comb honey, White clover comb honey, White clover, sweet clover and alsike> clover comb honey, Apple blossom extracted honey (1900), Wild aster extracted honey (1900), - White, alsike and sweet clover ex- tracted honey, produced by the bees in the exhibit. Other sweet clover and white clover extracted honey, - Specimen of golden-rod honey. Specimen of corn-tassel honey, Italian bees ; Cyprian bees ; Carniolan bees; Black bees, in observatory hives, Ten full working colonies of bees. Three sizes of round honey jars, Four sizes of square honey jars, White clover comb honey. 238 161 6-16 96 7-16 6 6-16 40 240 129 9-16 120 96 234 12-16 65 8-16 5° 500 350 35° 481 12-16 i°S AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 239 Group ti, Class 40 — Concluded. NAME AND ADDRESS, EXHIBIT. POUNDS. R. Hershiser, Buffalo, Sweet clover extracted honey. 5° J. E. Hetherington, Cherry Valley, White clover comb honey. 84 Buckwheat comb honey, 23 3-16 Two old style conical straw bee hives, Two old style combination straw and wood bee hives. C. B. Howard, Romulus, White clover comb honey (1900), 943 8-16 Bassvvood comb honey, 337 George B. Howe, Black River, White clover honey. 108 6-16 F. C. Hutchins, Massena Springs, White clover extracted honey (1900), White clover and basswood extracted 1000 honey. 1 200 C. V. Lindsey, Attica, White clover and basswood comb honey, 147 15-16 Frank F. Marks, Chapinville, White clover comb honey. 20 N. Noble, Buffalo, White clover extracted honey (1900), 180 C. E. Palmer, Ransomville, White clover comb honey, 82 1-16 S. S. Sleeper, Holland, White clover and basswood comb honey, 100 R. S. Stout, Auburn, White clover comb honey, 85 8-i6 J. W. Utter, Amity, White clover and mixed amber comb honey (1900), 293 13-16 N. D. West, Middleburg, White clover comb honey, 44 Buckwheat comb honey. 42 240 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Contribated l^xfeibits. Prof. Frank Benton, Washington, D. C. : Nucleus colony Cyprian bees for observatory hive. Nucleus colony Imported Carniolan bees for observatory hive. Queen rearing nucleus bee hive. Queen mailing cages. F. Danzenbaker, Washington, D. C. : Danzenbaker bee hives used in model apiary. Comb honey shipping crate. W. T. Falconer Manufacturing Company, Jamestown, N. Y.: Falcon-Langstroth dovetailed bee hive. Falcon-Langstroth air spaced bee hive and bee-smoker honey knife and other apiarian implements and devices for use in the model apiary. Four styles bee hives complete, unoccupied. . Two-frame Cowan honey extractor. Three-basket Ferris wax extractor. Two handsome columns of beeswax, each four and one-half feet high by eleven and three-fourths inches in diameter at the base and six and one-fourth inches in diameter at the top. Orel L. Hershiser, Buffalo: Six colonies Italian bees. Two colonies hybrid bees. One colony Black bees, all for the model apiary. Cav. Prof. Pietro Pilati, Bologna, Italy: Imported Italian bees.' The A. I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio: Root-Langstroth chaff bee hive. Root-Langstroth dovetailed bee hive. Danzenbaker bee hive. Four-frame Cowan honey extractor. Italian bees, all for use in the model apiary. W. O. Victor, Wharton, Texas: Nucleus colony Italian bees for observatory hive. w 'A o X AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 241 Iyi3t of Awards. NAME AND ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. AWARD, W. S. Benedict, Perry, White clover comb honey. Diploma Charles Bootes, Potter Center, White clover comb honey, Diploma A. A. Brimmer, Hoosick, White clover comb honey. Diploma W. L. Coggshall, West Groton, Comb honey, Diploma Bell flower extracted honey, Diploma J. R. Covey, Buffalo, White clover extracted honey, Diploma Ralph B. Daly, Lockport, White clover comb honey, Diploma White clover extracted honey, Diploma P. H. Elwood, Starkville, White clover comb honey, Diploma Fred H. Fargo, Batavia, White clover comb honey, Diploma C. A. Hallegas, De Kalb Junct'n, White clover comb honey, Diploma Margaret J. Hershiser, Buffalo, White clover comb honey, Diploma Orel L. Hershiser, Supt., Buffalo, New York State collective exhibit, Gold Medal Orel L. Hershiser, Buffalo, Model apiary, White clover, alsike clover and sweet Gold Medal clover comb honey, Diploma White clover, alsike clover, sweet clover, apple blossom and wild aster extracted honey. Diploma Italian bees, Diploma Round honey jars, three sizes. Diploma Square honey jars, four sizes. Diploma ' R. Hershiser, Buffalo, White clover comb honey, Diploma Sweet clover extracted honey, Diploma J.E. Hetherington,f"herry Valley, White clover comb honey, Diploma Buckwheat comb honey. Diploma C. B. Howard, Romulus, White clover comb honey. Diploma Basswood comb honey, Diploma George B. Howe, Black River, White clover comb honey, Diploma F. C. Hutchins, Massena Springs, White clover extracted honey. Diploma Basswood extracted honey, Diploma 16 242 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS List of Awards — Concluded. NAME AND ADDRESS. EXHIBIT. AWARD C. V. Lindsey, Attica, - White clover comb honey. Diploma Basswood comb honey, 147 15 16 lbs., the product of one colony for the summer of 1901, Diploma Frank F. Marks, Chapinville, White clover comb honey, Diploma N. Noble, Buffalo, White clover extracted honey, Diploma C. E. Palmer, Ransomville, White clover comb honey, Diploma S. S. Sleeper, Holland, White clover and basswood comb honey, Diploma R. S. Stout, Auburn, White clover comb honey, Diploma J. W. Utter, Amity, White clover and mixed comb honey, Diploma N. D. West, Middlebtirg, - White clover comb honey, Diploma Buckwheat comb honey. Diploma R^eport of tl)e acientific Gxf)ibif. By Frp:derick J. H. Merrill, Ph. D., Director. BY AUTHORITY of the Board of Managers communicated as a result of its official action on October 22, 1900, by which the director of the New York State Museum was made director of the Scientific Exhibit and an appropri- ation of $9000 placed at his disposal for the necessary expenses of the work, such an exhibit in its various departments was made and duly installed. Concerning the details of this work, I beg to make the following report. The first scientific exhibit made by New York State at any general exposition was a small one made at New Orleans in 1884. The first large and comprehensive exhibit was that made at the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. When the Board of Managers of the exhibit of the State of New York at the World's Columbian Expo- sition decided to call upon the New York State Museum to prepare an exhibit of the mineral resources of the State and to contribute collections illustrative of its fauna and flora, the work proved to be one of considerable magnitude, especially in the matter of the mineral exhibit, as but little material of economic value had previoush^ been collected by the State Museum. With the liberal allowance made by the World's Columbian Board of Managers a large amount of material was brought together, which formed an attractive exhibit and having been brought back to Albany and deposited in the State Museum, formed the nucleus of the present Pan-American exhibit of mineral resources. As, however, mineral industries vary from year to year, it was necessary, in preparing for a mineral exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition, to do a large amount of work in order to fill various gaps in the mineral collections. The other divisions of the scientific exhibit were contributed by the State Paleontologist, the State Botanist and the State Entomologist, who, with compara- tively small sums of money, were able to gather together a large amount of valuable material and make attractive and instructive exhibits. The details of these exhibits are discus.sed in the following pages. While the paleontological, botanical and entomological exhibits were in charge of the ofificers of the museum above mentioned, the exhibit of mineral resources was prepared under the immediate supervision of the director of the Scientific Exhibit. 243 244 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MA>fAGERS In the detailed work of gathering the material together, in the labor of installa- tion and in the supervision of the exhibit during the period of the exposition, the director has been most efficiently aided by his assistant, Mr. Arthur L. Parsons, to whom cordial acknowledgments are made. ^xl)Mt of tl)e Alineral Resoarces of Neu ^or^. All the material in this exhibit was from localities within the State. The purpose of the exhibit was to illustrate only such materials as are at present of economic impor- tance, or such as show a strong probability of becoming important in the near future. A large part of the material was collected between October, 1900, and March, 1901. Although New York does not rank high as a metal-mining State, its non-metal- liferous mineral products are of great value. The clay working industry alone in 1900 amounted to $7,660,606. The product of the quarries of building stone is second in importance and amounted to $4,039,102, making New York third in the Union in thef value of its stone products. The salt industry for last year amounted to $2,171,418, making New York the first State in the production of salt, while its pro- duction of iron ore amounted to $1,103,817 for the same year. Among the other important industries in the State to be mentioned are gypsum, mineral paint, talc, mineral waters and cement. These, although of secondary impor tance, bring New York's mineral production to $19,500,084, not including the value of the output of abrasives, graphite, pyrite, fuller's earth, gas and oil. The specimens exhibited were arranged in six cases five by five feet, four cases two and one-half by five feet and one case two by five feet. The building stones were arranged upon a stand extending the full length of the exhibit, while the clays and . clay products were displayed on a pyramid at the center. Each case contained a single group of materials. The groups exhibited were : Clay and Clay Products. Quartz and Feldspar. Building Stone. Flag Stone. Slate. Lime and Cement. Marl. Gypsum. Salt. Iron Ores. -t; O Q "A < •n W AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 245 Mineral Paints. Abrasives. Minor Minerals. Talc. Graphite. Fluorite. Barite. Pyrite. Petroleum. Peat. In every case, with the exception of the iron ores, the material was shown not only in the crude state, but also in the form in which it is marketed. Certain mineral products such as natural gas and mineral waters could not be exhibited, but a statistical chart was prepared and exhibited showing the value of these materials. Cta>5 and Cla^ Products. The clay industries of New York have been exhaustively described in Bulletins No. 12 and No. 35 of the New York State Museum, and the reader is referred to those publications for a complete discussion of the subject. The following brief extract from Bulletin 35 gives an idea of the extent and possibilities of the industry : " The increasing importance of clay and shale for the manufacture of brick, tile, terra cotta, pottery, etc., and the ever growing demand for these products has given rise to an industry that has assumed vast proportions and is rapidly becoming one of the most extensive and important in the country. Scattered over New York are extensive deposits of clay, many of which are used in the manufacture of terra cotta, brick, roofing tile and the coarser grades of pottery. The common products, such as building brick, are marketed chiefly in the State, though a good market is found in other States for the better grades, such as terra cotta and roofing tile. Though many of the deposits have been opened up and worked, there are many that have never been used. Few of them are sufficiently refractory to be used in fire brick, gas retorts or other products that are subjected to a high degree of heat, but for the manufacture of coarse pottery, brick and terra cotta, most of the deposits are well suited." 246 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS New York State ranks fifth in the Union in the manufacture of clay products, its production in 1900 amounting to $7,660,606. In the production of common brick, however, it ranks far ahead of any of the other States, this product for the same year being valued at $5,275,794. Contribators. Httdison Khrer Cta-^S- W. A. Underbill Brick Company, Croton Point, clay and brick. Albany Slip Clay Company, slip clay for glazing pottery and for use as a bond in the manufacture of emery wheels. A. McLean, Catskill, brick clay. P. Goldrick, Haverstraw, brick. Wood & Allison, Haverstraw, brick. F. M. Van Dusen, Glasco, brick clay. Central and 'Western Mew Uorl? Cta-^s. T. C. Campbell, Newfield, paving brick clay. Richard Peck. East Bethany, clay, drain tile and fireproofing. Glens Falls Terra Cotta Company, Glens Falls, terra cotta clay. Paige Bros., Ogdensburg, brick clay. William Stoutner, Gloversville, brick clay. , Lancaster, brick clay. P. D. Penfield, Rome, fuller's earth. Onondaga Vitrified Brick Company, Warners, clay, shale, wire- cut brick drain tile and fireproofing. National Web Tile Sewer Company, Syracuse, web tile sewer. M. J. Mecusker & Sons, Jamestown, brick drain tile and hollow fireproofing. Andrew C. Newton, Crescent, clay, brick and tempering sand. J. Ouimette, Plattsburg, clay, brick and tempering sand. New York Hydraulic Press Brick Company, Rochester, clay and brick made at Canandaigua. New York Brick and Paving Company, Syracuse, brick arid clay. Walter E. Hilton, Dunkirk, clay and brick. Rochester Brick and Tile Manufacturing Company, Rochester, clay, brick, hollow fire- proofing, tile. Brush Bros., Jewettville, brick. Ogden Brick Company, Binghamton, clay, brick and tempering sand. Syracuse Pottery Company, Syracuse, flower pots and seed pans. Lyons Pottery Company, Lyons, pottery. Standard Sewer Pipe Company, Rochester, salt glazed sewer pipe. ■ , Seneca Falls, slip clay. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 247 I,ong Inland Cta^s and dissociated ?Vateriats. John N. Williamson & Co., New York city, kaolin, fire sand, glass sand, brick sand, kaolin sand, fire clay, potter's clay, founder's clay, grit and gravel from Northport, L. I. Coles A. Carpenter, Sea Cliff, potter's clay, kaolin and fire sand. C. L^ Sanford, Southold, clay, brick and tempering sand. M. Meyer, Farmingdale, clay and brick. 5taten Island Cta-^s- B. Kreischer & Sons, New York city, fire sand, kaolin, fire clay, stoneware clay, fire brick, front brick and terra cotta from Kreischerville, S. I. 3^ate. Jamestown Shale Paving Brick Company, Jamestown, shale and brick. Jewettville Pressed Brick Company, Jewettville, shale and pressed brick. Preston Brick Company, Hornellsville, brick and shale. Eastern Paving Brick Company, Catskill, brick and shale. Celadon Roofing Tile Company, Alfred, shale for roofing tile. * " Quartz is use.d as an ingredient of pottery for the purpose of counteracting fire shrinkage, and, in addition to its uses in this direction, powdered quartz finds application in a number of other branches of the industrial arts. Much of the quartz produced in this country is mixed with oil, and is used as a wood filler in painting. That utilized for this purpose is ground as finely as the quartz consumed by the potters. It is also employed in the manufacture of sand paper, powders and scour- ing soaps and in glass manufacture." This material is quarried at Bedford, Westchester county, and is shipped to Trenton, N. J. White quartzite of Potsdam age was quarried at Fort Ann, Wash- ington county, for use as a wood filler, and a quarry has recently been opened at Billings, Dutchess county, to obtain material for the same purpose. Specimens of quartz were furnished by P. H. Kinkel, of Bedford. Peldgpar. * " Deposits of feldspar are found in the southeastern portion of the State, near the village of Bedford, about forty miles north of New York city. In this region the feldspar, together with quartz, forms large pegmatite veins in the augengneiss of that * Bulletin No. 35, New York State Museum. 248 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS region. The width of some of these veins is over fifty feet. The spaf at times forms large masses, at other times it is more or less intimately associated with the quartz, necessitating some sorting after it is quarried, and, when streaks of mica or black tourmaline are encountered in the veins, they are usually thrown out. The color of the feldspar varies from dark red to a creamy white, though most of it is a deep cream. "Feldspar is used to a large extent as a fluxing material in the manufacture of white earthenware and porcelain bodies, and is also one of the ingredients of the glaze for hard porcelain. In addition it has found some use as a constituent of glass, the feldspar furnishing the necessary amount of alumina for the purpose of hardening the product." Specimens were furnished by P. H. Kinkel, of Bedford, Westchester county. ^^Qitding' s3tone. The building and decorative stones of New York are well distributed throughout the entire State, and consist of granite, limestone, marble, verd-antique, sandstone, flagstone, slate and trap. > Granite is found in Westchester county, in the Highlands of the Hudson and in the Adirondack region of JefTerson and Essex counties. The supply of granitic and gneissic rocks in the vicinity of New York city is practically inexhaustible. The quality of the stone is good. The greater part of the rock in this vicinity is gneiss and is used only for foundation work, though several quarries where true granite is obtained are located in this district. The usual color of the rock is gray, though a cream colored granite which is being used in the construction of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York city is quarried at the Mohegan Quarries in Cort- landt. The Adirondack region furnishes much stone that is of fine quality, but the distance from large city markets has prevented these deposits from being exten- sively exploited. Excellent stone for monumental work is found at Westport and Keeseville, Essex county, and a handsome red granite known as the International Scotch granite is found on Grindstone island, JefTerson county. White marble for building purposes has long been quarried in Westchester county at Tuckahoe, and many years ago was produced at Hastings and Ossining, and familiar structures made of this material are Grace Church and St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York city. At South Dover, Dutchess county, a deposit recently opened has yielded a superb quality of pure white marble in large quantities, and also, a mottled marble of exceptionally fine grain. Gray marble is extensively quarried at Gouverneur, St. Lawrence county. 3 'A a /; AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 249 Limestone suitable for building and decorative purposes is found at many points throughout the State. At Lpckport is a shell marble which takes an excellent polish. In Columbia and Greene counties a very similar material is found near Hudson and New Baltimore. Verd-antique of quality approaching the celebrated Irish marble is found in Warren county. At Port Henry, Essex county, is a fine grained verd-antique which takes a good polish. The most celebrated building stone of the State is undoubtedly the Hudson River bluestone, so called from its occurrence in the Hudson valley. This together with the bluestone from Delaware and Chenango counties and the Portage beds in the western part of the State forms the most important source of building stone of the State. Many beds in Ulster county have been exhausted but new quarries are being opened and the supply is apparently unlimited. This bluestone is an aluminous sandstone and is exceptionally well adapted for foundations, facings and flagging. " It is so compact as not to absorb moisture to any great extent, and hence soon dries after rain ; it has the hardness necessary to resist abrasion and wears well ; it is evenbedded and presenting a good smooth natural surface ; and has a grain which prevents it becoming smooth and slippery." The Potsdam sandstone is admirably adapted for building purposes and on account of its beauty, strength and durability its market is gradually increasing. In the western part of the State an exceptionally fine colored stone is found in the Medina sandstone. This occurs in two colors, red and gray, and on account of its durability it is used not only for building but for paving blocks and flagging. Other sandstones used locally for building are obtained from the Chemung beds in the southern tier of counties. The exhibit of building stones consisted of a number of ten-inch cubes, dressed on the different faces in various ways so as to show the possibilities of the stone for commercial purposes. Contribatorg. Granite. J. E. Bailey, Breakneck and Cold Spring. J. H. White and R. H. Allen, Saratoga Springs. R. Forsyth, Grindstone island. Two cubes. A. Gracie King, Garrisons. Two cubes. Mt. Eve Granite Company, Mt. Eve. New York State Museum, cubes from I.uzerne and Greenfield Center. Francis Larkin, Ossining. 250 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS B. B. Mason, Keeseville. E. P. Roberts, Mohegan Granite Quarry, Cortlandt. Trap. Frank Bennett, Graniteville, Staten Island. Limestone and Aarite. Verd-antique Marble Company, Thurman. Walton Marble Company, Port Henry. St. Lawrence Marble Company, Gouverneur. Two cubes. D. C. Hewitt, Amsterdam. A. E. Shaper, Canajoharie. , Masterton & Hall, Tuckahoe. Old Quarry, Hastings. New York State Quarries, Ossining. A. L. Pritchard, Pleasantville. J. B. Berridge, Hudson. Glens Falls Company, Glens Falls. R. Jones, Prospect. Evan Thomas, Prospect. James Shanahan, Tribes Hill. Two cubes. Duford & Son, Chaumont. One cube also from Museum collection. J. J. Barron, Three Mile Bay. S. W. Clark, Willsboro Point. Callahan Bros., South Bethlehem, B. & J. Carpenter, Lockport. Two cubes. J. & C. Carpenter, Lockport. Also a cube from the Museum collection. Foery & Kastner, Rochester. J. Hughes, Syracuse. Loren Thomas, Waterloo. P. P. Smith, Union Springs. William Reilly, Cobleskill. D. & H. Fogelsonger, Buffalo. Morris & Strobel, Leroy. Eugene Campbell, Medusa. Cube from New Baltimore. D. Lynch, Minerva. South Dover Marble Company, South Dover. Two cubes. Old Quarry, Onondaga. 5an4?tone and Btoestone. F. G. Clarke Bluestone Company, Oxford. D. Parmeter, Potsdam. Two cubes. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 25 1 A. Clarkson, Potsdam. Old Quarry, Port Henry. B. B. Mason, Keeseville. A. Shear &. Co., Duanesburg. L. W. Hotchkiss, Lewiston. Horan Bros., Medina. Mrs. John Holloway, Medina. S. F. Kilgour, Parkers Glen. James Nevins & Sons, AValton. Burhans & Brainard, Saugerties. Two cubes. Ulster Bluestone Company, Maiden, Hewitt Boice, Rondout. Two cubes. Portage Bluestone Company, Portageville. Warsaw Bluestone Company, Warsaw. G. J. McClure, Ithaca. A. D. Symonds, Elmira. Alfred Dibble, Belvidere. A. W. Bouton, Roxbury. Flagstone. De Graff & Roberts, F^agle Harbor. Hudson River Bluestone Company, Maiden. Travis & Kingsbury, Hale Eddy. Ralph Cairns, Walton. Gilbert Brady, Rochester. F. G. Clarke Bluestone Company, Oxford. In Washington county are extensive deposits of red, green and purple slate which are used in large quantities for roofing and interior decoration. Much of this material is also employed in the manufacture of switch boards for electrical purposes and when marbleized and glazed is used largely for mantels as a substitute for marble. Contribtttors. J. J. McDonough, Slateville, red roofing slate. Allen & Williams, Middle Granville, red roofing slate. J. S. Herbert, North Granville, red roofing slate. Mathews Slate Company, Poultney, Vt., red, green and purple roofing slate. E. J. Johnson & Co., New York city, red roofing slate. Penrhyn Slate Company, Middle Granville, purple roofing slate and glazed slate. 252 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Walter C. White, Granville, red roofing slate. Algonquin Red Slate Company, red and green slate. lyime and Cement. The lime and cement industries of New York are discussed at length in Bulletin No. 44 of the New York State Museum, by Dr. Heinrich Ries, and for full particulars the reader is referred to this publication. Roughly speaking, the industry is principally developed along the Hudson valley and the Erie canal. A small amount of lime is, however, burned in St. Lawrence county. The lime industry is an inter- mittent one, there being only a few localities where the business is carried on through- out the year. Of these; Ossining and Tuckahoe in Westchester county, and Glens Falls in Warren county, are probably the most important from a commercial stand- point. The product from the kilns in Westchester county is a highly magnesian lime and that from Glens Falls low in magnesia, each kind possessing certain valuable properties. At many localities throughout the State lime is burned to supply a local demand. Natural cement is made in four sections of the State, viz., in the neighborhood of Rondout and Rosendale, Ulster county, Howes Cave, Schoharie county, in Onondaga county and in Erie county. The most important section js that of Ulster county. The magnitude of the industry is shown by the production for the years 1899 and 1900, which amounted to $2,81 3,500 and $2,045,451 respectively, being more than one-half the total production of the United States. The limestones used in these different areas all occur in the Salina group, but are from slightly different horizons in that series. The composition of the cement rock and finished cement, in the two principal areas, is shown by the following analyses, which are fairly representative : ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK. ERIE COUNTY, NEW YORK. CEMENT ROCK. CEMENT. CEMENT ROCK. CEMENT. SiO. 18.11 27-75 10.68 33-80 AUO3 4.64 5-5° 4.61 4.66 Fe.03 3.00 4.28 CaO 24.30 3S-6I 25-65 52.28 MgO 14.26 21.18 17-93 9.26 In the manufacture of Portland cement New York ranked fifth in the United States in 1900, the production amounting to $582,290. Of the six Portland cement AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 253 plants in operation during 1900, three used a mixture of marl and clay, burned in dome kilns; and three a mixture of limestone and clay burned in shaft kilns or rotary kilns. In Pennsylvania and New Jersey the usual cement material is a mixture of argillaceous limestone (of nearly correct composition) with a little pure limestone. This type of material is not at present worked in New York State, though it is probable that it occurs within the State limits. In the Akron region a "natural Portland " is manufactured, which runs higher in magnesia and lower in lime than a true Portland. Contribtttors. Porttand Cement. , Empire Portland Cement Company, AVarners, marl, clay, cement clinker and cement. T. Millen & Sons, Wayland, marl, clay, cement clinker, cement and briquettes for testing. Helderberg Cement Company, Howes Cave, limestone and cement. Glens Falls Portland Cement Company, Glens Falls, limestone, clay, cement clinker and cement. Wayland Portland Cement Company, Wayland, marl, clay, cement clinker and cement. Matorat Cement. New York and Rosendale Cement Company, Rondout, cement rock and cement. Buffalo Cement Company, Buffalo, cement rock and cement. Union Akron Cement Company, Buffalo, cement rock and cement. Lawrence Cement Company, Rondout, cement rock and cement. Cummings Cement Company, Akron, cement rock and calcined cement rock. Lawrenceville Cement Company, Kingston, cement rock and cement. Bangs & Gaynor, Fayetteville, cement rock and cement. Helderberg Cement Company, Howes Cave, cement rock and cement. Newark and Rosendale Cement Company, Rondout, cement rock and cement. Ivime. J. J. E. Harrison, Newburgh, limestone and lime. A. R. Davies, North Litchfield, limestone and lime. Chazy Marble Lime Company, Chazy, limestone and chemical lime. C. Williams & Co., Bigelow, limestone and lime. George E. Holland, North Litchfield, limestone and lime. Henry S. Smith, Sharon Springs, limestone and lime. Ossining Lime Company, Ossining, limestone and lime. House & Brown, Johnsons, limestone and lime. E. B. Simonds, Shelby, limestone. E. B. Mather, Sodus Center, limestone and lime. L. F. Hall, Ellenville, limestone and lime. 254 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Marl, which consists essentially of carbonate of lime, is found pretty generally dis- tributed in marshy places throughout the whole State. The principal deposits, how- ever, are found in the Montezuma marshes and at several places near the Erie canal. The principal uses for which this material is employed are as a fertilizer and in the manufacture of Portland cement. Much of it is also used instead of marble dust for the generation of carbonic acid gas for use in soda fountains. The contributors of marl to the exhibit were the Empire Portland Company, Warners, N. Y., and T. Millen & Sons, Wayland, N. Y. The gypsum quarries of New York State are described at length in Bulletins Nos. II and 15 of the New York State Museum, and the reader is referred to those publi- cations for detailed information on this subject. The gypsum deposits occur in beds of considerable regularity along the outcrop of the Salina group from Madison county to Erie county. Towards its eastern limit it is quite dark and earthy, but at the western boundary it is nearly pure white. The first quarries in New York State were opened in the early part of the last century, but until about 1895 the only purpose for which this material was used was in the manufacture of land plaster. At this time experiments were conducted at Oakfield to determine whether it might not be used for plaster of paris. That these experi- ments were successful is shown by the fact that at the present time five firms are actively engaged in calcining New York State gypsum. Gypsum in the raw state is chiefly employed in the manufacture of land plaster for fertilizer and as a deodorizer for drains and stables. In the calcined state as plaster of paris it is used very largely- in making casts and as a base for cement plaster for walls. Large quantities of crude gypsum are shipped to Pittsburg to be calcined for use in the plate glass works, where it is used to imbed the glass while it is being polished. The value of the production of gypsum in New York State for the year 1900 was $150,588. The contributors to the exhibit were: Ezra Grinnell, Port Gibson, gypsum and land plaster. Cayuga Plaster Company, Union Springs, gypsum and land plaster. Lycoming Calcining Company, Garbuttsville, gypsum and plaster of paris. Consolidated Wheatland Plaster Company, Wheatland, gypsum and land plaster. LIME, CEMENT, CLAV AND CI.AV PRODUCTS EXIlIlilT. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 255 English Plaster Works, Oakfield, gypsum, land plaster, plaster of paris, wall plaster. National Wall Plaster Company, Syracuse, gypsum, land plaster, crushed gypsum, plaster of paris. Bangs & Gaynor, Fayetteville, gypsum and land plaster. Oakfield Plaster Manufacturing Company, Oakfield, gypsum, crushed gypsum, land plaster, and plaster of paris. F. M. Severance, Fayetteville, gypsum. M. R. Anthony, Union Springs, gypsum and land plaster. aalt. The salt industry of New York is of great importance. Originally Syracuse was the center of this industry, but after the discovery of rock salt in and near the Genesee valley, from which much richer brines could be obtained than at Syracuse, the center of the industry was transferred to this new district. At present several of the western New York salt works have been closed and new works are being opened in the region at the head of Seneca and Cayuga lakes. The salt mines of the Retsof Mining Company, at Retsof, Livonia and Greigsville, produce enormous quantities of salt for the beef and pork packing companies, and in this respect are not direct competitors of the companies manufacturing salt from brine. The Solvay Process Company at Syracuse use brine from wells at Tuily in the manufacture of soda and soda ash, though this phase of the industry was not shown in the exhibit. A detailed description of the salt deposits of New York is given in Bulletin No. II of the New York State Museum, to which the reader is referred for further infor- mation. Since the year 1893 New York has been first in the United States in the production of salt, and last year the value of the product amounted to $2,171,418, making this industry the fourth in rank in the State. Contribtttors. Genesee Salt Company, New York city, evaporated salt from Piffard, Livingston county. Worcester Salt Company, Silver Springs, evaporated salt. National Salt Company, New York city, evaporated salt from Warsaw, Wyoming county. Retsof Mining Company, Retsof, Livingston county, rock salt from Retsof and Livonia. Onondaga Coarse Salt Association, Syracuse, solar salt. 256 KEPORT OF BOARD OF GFNERAL MANAGERS Iron Ores. The iron ores of New York State are described at length by John C^ Smock in Bulletins Nos. 7 and 15 of the New York State Museum, from the latter of which the following extract has been taken : "The ores of iron which occur in beds and deposits of workable size in the State of New York may be classified, according to their chemical composition, into oxides and carbonates of iron, and these classes may be subdivided, following the mineral- ogical characters, into the several species and varieties. The following tabular arrangement shows the natural grouping of species in these two great divisions : CHEMICAL GROUPS. 'Anhydrous Ferric Oxide, Sesquioxide of iron, MINERALOGICAL SPECIES AND COMMON NAMES. Oxides Hematites, 'Red Hematite Specular Ore Clinton Ore-Fossil Ore Red Ochre Ferric and Ferrous Oxides, T Magnetic Iron Ore Magnetite, \ Proto-sesquioxide of iron, t Titaniferous Iron Ore Carbonates Hydrated Ferric Oxide Sesquioxide of iron, Ferrous Carbonate, [^Carbonate of iron, Limonite, Siderite, Spathic Iron Ore, Brown Hematite Brown Ochre . Bog Iron Ore Carbonate ore Clay Iron Stone /' White Horse ' "Following a geologico-geographical arrangement, the iron-ore districts are: I. The Highlands of the Hudson. — Magnetic iron ores. 11. The Adirondack Region, including the Lake Champlain Mine.— Magnetic iron ore. III. The Hematites of Jefferson and St. Lawrence Counties. IRON ORE EXHIBIT. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 257 IV. The Clinton or Fossil Ores. V. The Limonites of Dutchess and Columbia Counties. VI. The Limonites of Staten Island. VII. The Carbonate ores of the Hudson River. "A few isolated mines cannot be thus classified, as the hematite near Canterbury, Orange county, Ackerman's mine near Unionville, Westchester county, the Napanoc and Wawarsing mines, in Ulster county, the hematite of Mt. Defiance in Ticonderoga, and the bog iron ores, which are scattered in all of the great divisions of the State. The iron sands of the shores of Long Island are left out, as not properly a natural source of iron. " lyocatities of Iron Ore in Nev Vlorl^. "Magnetite — There are two principal districts of this ore: (i) Highlands or southeastern, (2) Adirondack or northern. In the first there are mines at Sterling, near Greenwood, and Forest of Dean, besides many smaller mines in Orange county. There are numerous openings in northern Westchester and southwestern and cen- tral Putnam counties, east of the Hudson River (Croft's, Mahopac, Thiel, Tilly Foster, etc.). In northern New York ore occurs at many localities in Washington, Saratoga, Warren, Essex, Clinton, Franklin, St. Lawrence, Lewis, Herkimer and Fulton counties. Mines have been opened at Mount Hope in Washington county, near Crown Point, Mineville and Paradox lake, in vicinity of Port Henry, in Essex county, and very large deposits unworked occur at Adirondack and in Westport ; Palmer Hill, Arnold ore bed, and Chateaugay in Clinton county ; Clifton (idle), in St. Lawrence county ; occurrences are also noted in Jefferson county. " Magnetic iron sand is found to some extent on the southern shore of Long Island, on the western shore of Lake Champlain and on the Hudson River and smaller streams in the northern part of the State. "An aluminous magnetic ore occurs near Peekskill, Westchester county ; it is self- fluxing, but not now worked except for emery, though it occurs in large deposits. " Hematite specular iron ore, red hematite. — Gouverneur, FullerviUe, St. Law- rence county; Philadelphia and Antwerp, Jefferson county, productive mines. It occurs in Hermon. Edwards, Fowler and Canton, in St. Lawrence county. " Hematite fossil ore, lenticular clay iron ore. — This ore has been worked chiefly at Verona, West Moreland, New Hartford and Clinton, Oneida county ; Ontario, Wayne county. It also occurs in Madison county in thin beds. "Limonite, brown hematite. — This ore occurs at East Fishkill, Sylvan Lake, Beekman, Pawling, Dover, Unionvale, Amenia, Sharon, Millerton and Mount Riga, 17 258 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS in Dutchess county ; Copake, Ancram and Boston Corners, in Columbia county ; the mines at these localities produce largely. Besides these are the Townsend mine, Cornwall, Orange county ; Castleton Four Corners, New Dorp and Todt Hill, Staten Island. " Litnonite, bog iron ore. — There are numerous localities and many small deposits of this ore in the northern and eastern parts of the State. It was formerly worked, to a small extent, but is now abandoned. "Siderite — spathic iron ore, carbonate of iron." — At Burden, "near Catskill Station and Linlithgo, Columbia county, an immense deposit has been developed ; at Napanock, Ulster county, a deposit was formerly worked ; in Dutchess county it occurs in small quantity ; at Antwerp, Jefferson county, in crystals only." Contribtttorg. Hudson River Ore and Iron Company, Burden, carbonate ore and roasted ore. Old Sterling Iron Company, Antwerp, red hematite. Ancram Iron Ore Company, Ancram, carbonate ore (siderite). Clinton Iron Ore Company, Clinton, red hematite. Furnaceville Iron Ore Company, Ontario, Wayne county, red hematite. A. E. Tower & Co., Poughkeepsie, brown hematite (limonite), Beekman, Dutchess county; brown, hematite (limonite), Sylvan Lake, Dutchess county. Witherbee, Sherman & Co., Mineville, magnetite. New York State Museum, Albany: Magnetite from the following historic mines: Benson Mine, Benson's Mines, St. Lawrence county. Adirondack Mine, Newcomb, Essex county. Fort Ann Mine, Fort Ann, Washington county. French Mt., Warren county. Tilly Foster Mine, Tilly Foster, Putnam county. Mahopac Mine, Carmel, Putnam county. McCullum Mine, Southeast, Putnam county. Forest of Dean Mine, Monroe, Orange county. O'Neill Mine, Monroe, Orange county. Limonite from Todt. Hill Mine* Richmond county. Chateaugay Ore and Iron Company, Plattsburg, magnetite and concentrates. Mineral Paint. The mineral paint made in New York State is derived from five sources : Slate from Washington county. Graphite from Essex coUnty. MINERAL PAINT EXHIBIT. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION, 259 St. Lawrence county, hematite. Clinton hematite. Devonian shales. The production for 1900 amounted to $53,834. Contrtbtttorg. Francis Thomas, Troy, slate and slate paint. Algonquin Red Slate Company, Worcester, Mass., slate and paint. Farr & Bailey, Camden, N. J., oil cloth painted'with New York slate paint. William Connors, Troy, paint and mortar color. Clinton Metallic Paint Company, Clinton, iron ore and metallic paint. Wells & Hall, Ogdensburg, paint, mortar color, paints and iron ore. Delaware Mining, Milling and Manufacturing Company, Roxbury, slate and slate paint. Abrasives. The abrasive materials of the State are obtained from the Adirondack mountains and Ulster and Westchester counties. The materials are garnet, infusorial earth, emery and millstones. The garnet is all mined in Warren county, and occurs in a formation of crystal- line. limestone which outcrops at points in the Hudson River valley in the vicinity of North Creek and Minerva. Garnet is also found in deposits of gneissic rocks which adjoin this limestone. It is found in masses of varying sizes, from that of a pigeon's egg to a diameter of twenty feet or more, and is classified as massive garnet and shell garnet, the latter being more nearly pure and more valuable ior commercial purposes. Its chief u.se is in the manufacture of garnet paper, which is preferred to sand paper in wood and leather working. It is also mixed with emery in the manufacture of emery wheels for certain purposes. Infusorial earth is known to occur in two localities in the State, White Lake, Herkimer county, and Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island. The material from Whit« Lake is the only one that has been used commercially. Emery was mined at Peekskill, while Ulster county furnishes millstones that are made from Shawangunk grit. ' Quartz sand for polishing stone is obtained in several places, and at one tinic whetstones were made at Fabius from a fine-grained sandstone obtained at that place. 26o REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Contrtbtttors. Garnet. H. Behr, New York city. H. H. Barton &Sons Company, Philadelphia, Penn. Baeder, Adamson & Co., Philadelphia, Penn. D. Lynch, Minerva, N. Y. James S. Van Etten, Granite. Isaac McCov, Peekskill. J*ViU;stone. Bmer^. Infiifsofiat B'artf). Thomas Grosvenor, Wilmurt. Dr. Oliver L. Jones, Cold Spring Harbor. Tald. Many deposits of talc are found in several places in New York State, but the only one of importance commercially is situated in St. Lawrence county, and extends for about ten miles. The thickness of the deposit is from ten to twenty feet. This deposit consists of fibrous talc, which is used extensively in the manu- facture of paper, it being found that the fibers of the talc incorporate themselves with the vegetable fibre and form a smooth surface. Although these deposits are limited m extent, the production for 1900 amounted to $499,500. Samples for the exhibit were furnished by the Union Talc Company, New York city. (irapl)ite. The only deposits of graphite that are of commercial importance at the present time are located at Ticonderoga and Graphite, Essex county. New deposits, how- ever, are reported at Split Rock and Minerva. The material formerly obtained at Ticonderoga consisted of masses of pure crystalline graphite in a crystalline limestone. Although this material at times yielded very much pure graphite, it was found that on account of the unevenness of the distribution it did not pay to work the mine. A graphitic schist, however, was found about ten miles from this point, which, although an impure ore, has paid well for the working, because of its uniform distribution. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 26 1 Graphite is used in the manufacture of lead pencils, cruGibles, mineral paints, stove blacking and many other purposes. The material shown at the exposition was furnished by the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company, of Jersey City, N. J. Plttortte. This material, which is used largely in the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid, opalescent glass and enameled ware, is found in small quantities in many parts of the State. It is used in small quantities as a flux for welding iron, and has been used in smelting iron. From its property of making iron more fluid it derives its name fluorite {Jluere — to flow). No deposit of commercial importance is to be found in the State, though a deposit which yielded several tons of pure material was opened at Macomb, St. Lawrence county, a few years ago. It has since been exhausted. Specimens from this deposit were furnished for the exhibit by the State Museum. ^arite. The only deposit of barite in the State of sufficient size to be of commercial importance is located at Pillar Point, Jefferson county. The deposit is about twenty feet in thickness, but has not been worked for some time past. Specimens of this material were secured for exhibition. P^rite. The only deposit of pyrite of commercial importance that is worked at present is at De Kalb Junction, St. Lawrence county, where it is mined for use in the manu- facture of sulphuric acid. The samples for the exhibit were contributed by the Stella Mine. Petroleam. The exhibit of petroleum was shown in glass bottles containing two quarts each. In addition to the material in the State Museum which had been exhibited at Chicago, samples were secured from new fields by Mr. Horace Davis of Wellsville, N. Y. The oil territory of New York State is a continuation of that of Bradford, Penn. All the developed oil territory is found in Cattaraugus, Allegany and Steuben 262 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS counties. In Allegany and Steuben counties are eight fields, viz.: Andover field, situated in Greenwood, Steuben county, and Andover, Allegany county ; Alma P. O. field ; Alma field ; Bolivar, Richburg and Wirt field ; Clarksville and Niles field ; Whitesville field and Cuba field. The Cuba field consists merely of the old oil spring that was discovered in the fifteenth century by the Jesuit missionaries and from which oil was skimmed by the Indians and used as a liniment. It was sold among the whites under the name of Seneca oil. This spring has now ceased to flow, but a specimen collected three years ago by Mr. Arthur L. Parsons was loaned I to the exhibit. In Cattaraugus county are five fields, viz.: Bradford, Allegany, Chipmunk, Red House and Ricebrook. The specimens shown were from the following localities : BoUvar, Kjtcl)l>ttrg and Wurt Fletd. Lot 25, Clarksville. Lot 29, Genesee. Lot 18, Genesee. Lot 123, Alma. Lot 5, Scio. Lot 8, Scio. Lot 52, Scio. Lot 8, Scio. Lot 26, Bolivar. Lot 106, Alma. Lot 23, Bolivar. Lot 20, Clarksville. Lot 60, Wirt. Lot 60, Allegany. Allegany. State Line. Lot 71, Rice Brook. Lot 16, Vandalia. Lot 14, Bolivar. Lot 123, Alma. Lot 13, Bolivar. Lot 15, Bolivar. Lot 52, Scio. Lot 64, Bolivar. Lot 16, Bolivar. Botivar Pool. Atma Pool. Atma P. O. Fietd. Clarl^jsvitle and Niters Fietd. Wirt Poot. Attegan^ Fietd. Bradford Field. K,ice Brool^ Fietd. Cl)ipnnm% Poot. Lot 10, Alma. Lot 28, Alma. Lot 3, Allegany. Lot 3, Four Mile. Lot 60, Rice Brook. Seneca Reservation. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 263 Lot 12, Red House. Lot 80, Whitesville. Lot 30, Greenwood. Lot 13, Bolivar. Ked Hoase Pool. WI)itesviUe Pool. Andover FieU. Wan0l) and Porter Field. Ftttmer Vatle^ Poot. Lot 160, Fulmer Valley. Lot II, Red House. Lot 6, Greenwood. Lot 60, Fulmer Valley. Peat. This material is found in abundance in swamps and low grounds. The condi- tions necessary for its production are permanent moisture, with a subsoil of clay or marl. It is formed by successive growths of vegetation which have died and become carbonized. A partial decomposition takes place which leaves most of the carbon, while part of the oxygen, hydrogen and carbon pass off to form marsh gas and water. Very little use has been made of the deposits, though the material makes a most excellent fertilizer for stiff soils. In Canada similar material has been pressed into briquettes for fuel, and it is possible that the sajne may be done with the better class of material in this State. Under the heading of peat are also included deposits of vegetable matter in the bottoms of ponds and lakes. In this case the peat consists, for the most part, of a slimy mud, containing leaves and even the trunks of trees. The conditions under which this form of peat is formed are practically the same as mentioned above. Many localities might be cited where the first variety of peat is known to occur. Of these the following are the most important : Great Valley and Little Valley, Cattaraugus county ; Montezuma marshes, Wayne and Cayuga counties ; Tona- wanda swamp, towns of Barre and Shelby, Orleans county ; Oak Orchard swamp, Genesee county. Specimens of peat were furnished for the exhibit by Wayland Keyes, Rush, and the Empire Portland Cement Company, Warners, N. Y. (leologic Aaps. The exhibit of the mineral resources of the State was accompanied and supple- mented by an exhibit of geologic and relief maps. Two geologic maps were shown. 264 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Of these one was a copy of the Geological Map of New York State, prepared by Prof. Hall in 1894. It is on the scale of five miles to the inch, and shows the dis- tribution throughput the State of all the geologic formations. The second map exhibited was a copy of the' Economic and Geologic Map of New York, prepared by the director in 1894. This map,'"on a scale of fourteen miles to the inch, shows the distribution, somewhat generalized, of the various formations, and also the loca- tion of the mines, quarries, clay banks, oil wells and other places where minerals of economi'c importance are obtained. Six relief maps were shown. Of these the small map of New York served to show the general topographic features of the State ; the relief maps of the Catskill and Adirondack mountains were of interest as showing two entirely different types of mountain structure, while that of Syracuse and vicinity was of considerable economic interest because of the importance of the mineral industries in the area shown. Niagara Falls and vicinity were shown on a relief map ninety-eight inches by fifty-two inches in area, on a scale of a mile to the inch. This was prepared under the direction of Dr. F. J. H. Merrill expressly for the exposition, and was of particular interest to the visitor, showing not only the geologic formations but the topography of the section, thus serving as a guide to the locality. A relief map (seventy-eight inches by thirty-two inches) of Manhattan island was prepared to show the original topography and hydrography of the island, together with the improvements made up to the year 1776. In addition, the present streets were shown by light lines. Accompanying this map was another of the same dimensions, showing the geologic formations of the island. These two maps are perhaps more interesting than the others from the fact that in no other way can a correct idea of the original condition of Manhattan island be obtained. Gxf)ibit of Division of Pateontotog^. JOHN M. CLARKE, State Paleontologist. THIS exhibit consisted of the following elements which were intended to illustrate the principal lines of work of the department : I. A series of the publications upon the paleontology of the State from the commencement of such investigations in 1837 to the present date, and included (a) extracts and separate papers from the annual reports of the State Museum, (b) volumes of the work entitled " The Paleontology of New York," (c) Museum bulletins and memoirs. This series of works covered all together thirty bound volumes in royal quarto, quarto and octavo sizes and covered many thousand pages and many hundred lithographic plates. 2. A series of mounted original drawings to show the quality of the work pre- pared for use in these paleontologic publications. 3. A series of stratigraphic maps plotted on the United States topographic base maps, scale one mile to one inch, showing the distribution and delimitation of the fossiliferous rock formations. 4. Representative series of certain groups of fossils to illustrate the nature of the ancient or paleozoic faunas of New York. These series were two in number: (a) An extensive collection of the ancient fossil lobsters which occurred in remarkable profusion in the water-lime or cement beds at Buffalo and thence east- ward in New York. These organisms have been a subject of widespread interest and study in this State and specially in Great Britain, Russia and Sweden. This series was beyond question the finest display, both as to number, variety and indi- vidual size of specimens, ever brought together. Its completeness was due in large measure to the cooperation of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, which con- tributed generously from its collection for this purpose. (b) A collection showing the ancient glass sponges which existed at one of the later epochs in the history of old New York in scattered colonies and plantations over the sea-bottom of the southern tier of counties. These glass sponges, which are represented in existing seas in great variety in Japanese and Philippine waters, have recently been the subject of an exhaustive memoir of the State Museum, wherein some seventy species were described from a single geologic formation of New York, 265 266 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. the Ckemung. In other parts of the world these bodies have been found in fossil condition only.sporadically and the series represented in this exhibit was unquestion- ably without equal. Its completeness was largely due to the consi;ieration of E. B. Hjill, Esq., of Wellsville, N. Y., who placed at the disposal of the department for this purpose his entire collection of these ancient sponges which had 'also been utilized for the study of these bodies in the monograph referred to. The exhibit of this department was awarded a gold medal. Botanical Sxl)ibit of tl)e Rev ^orl^ 3tate AQ^eQin. By CHARLES H. PECK, State Botanist. THE botanical exhibit of the New York State Museum at the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo was intended to represent the character, scope and purposes of the State herbarium and to indicate the methods of mounting, labeling and preserving the specimens for study and reference. At the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago a space of i6o square feet was occupied by an exhibit of specimens of New York fungi alone. At the Pan-Ameri- can Exposition a space of only 120 square feet was assigned for an exhibit designed to illustrate all branches of our State flora. From this it can readily be inferred that the representation must necessarily be very limited and incomplete. Never- theless specimens of plants were selected and exhibited from all the principal divisions of our flora, so that seed-bearing plants of several families were shown, and spore-bearing plants of all the great groups, ferns, mosses, lichens, algae and fungi were represented. All the specimens stood for something of interest or of economic importance. Plants useful or harmful, abundant or scarce, attractive or repulsive, introduced or indigenous, were represented by one or more specimens. The bristly blackberry, Rubtis setosus, the Canada blueberry, Vacciniinn canadense, and the two cranberries, Oxycoccus macrocarpus and O. oxycoccus, represented native plants bearing edible fruits ; the balsam fir, Abies balsainea, with the limpid resin of its bark, stood for beautiful and useful forest trees ; the tussock sedge, Carcx stricta, with its three varieties, was selected as a useful wild herbaceous plant, which has recently been utilized as a substitute for wood in the manufacture of many useful articles ; wild carrot, Daucus carota, orange hawkweed, Hieracium, aurantiacicm, and quack grass, Agropyron repens, were representatives of baneful or troublesorne weeds, and the mountain spear grass, Poa laxa, which is known to occur in our State on the summit of Mt. Marcy only, fittingly represented the varieties in our flora. Wild carrot and orange hawkweed may also be taken to represent introduced but now thoroughly naturalized plants of which we have many examples in our flora. The edible root of one and the beautiful flowers of the other led to their introduc- 267 268 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS tion, but like many others of similar character, unless kept under control, they may exhibit bad traits as well as good ones. Among the spore-bearing plants the crested shield fern, Dryopteris cristata, rep- resented the interesting fern family ; the club moss, Lycopodmm clavatum, and its variety, the fern allies ; Lindberg's peat moss. Sphagnum lindberg, which has been found in only one locality in our State, the peculiar group of peat mosses and also the rare species; Iceland moss, Cetraria islandica, a.i\A the common reindeer moss, Cladonia rangiferina, though called mosses in common language, are really lichens, represented this large group in its useful aspect, both species furnishing food for the reindeer of cold northern regions ; and the Irish moss, Chondrus crispus, a seaweed of rocky sea coasts, was made the representative of our marine algae because of its edibility. The specimens of fungi were selected chiefly to represent the economic importance of this very large and varied group of plants of low order. Nearly all the species shown can be classified as parasitic fungi, edible fungi, poison- ous and unwholesome fungi, and fungi injurious to wood. A few specimens of wood were exhibited, showing the change wrought in character, color and texture by the fungous mycelium by which they were overrun or permeated. Of the parasitic fungi specimens of nine species distributed among five genera were exhibited. One of these, Hypomyces lactifluorum, is a parasite on other species of fungi whose color and texture it changes so much that the identity of the host plant cannot often be recognized. The orange rust of blackberries and raspberries, Caeonie nitens, represented those parasitic fungi that destroy their host plants by the severity and extent of their attacks on the foliage and the tissues of the stem. The spot fungus of the pear and quince represented such as are injurious to the fruit and foliage of their host plants, and the several species of smut, Ustilago, stood for such as destroy the seeds of their host plants. These are among the most injurious of parasitic fungi. Of fungi injurious to wood, specimens of twenty-three species, belonging to ten genera, were exhibited. One of these, Mercelius lacrimans, has attained considerable notoriety as the cause of a " dry rot" in wood. It is very destructive to wood in damp dark places. The green or verdigris cup fungus, Chlorosplenium aeruginosum, can scarcely be said to be destructive to wood, but its mycelium stains it, giving it a peculiar bluish green or verdigris green color similar to the color of the fungus itself. Of this peculiar fungus specimens were exhibited and also of wood stained by its mycelium. The mycelium of some of the species of this group is capable of living in the dead wood or heart wood of trees for a long time, working its injury slowly and secretly. AT THE PAX-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 269 Of edible mushrooms specimens of thirty species classified in sixteen genera were shown. Among these are some of the most noted and best-known mushrooms, such as the parasol mushroom, the common mushroom, the honey colored mushroom and the chanterelle. Others were taken as representatives of species but little known or but recently introduced to public notice as edible species. In this way it was thought that some new information might be brought to the attention of some who might be interested in these things. This group was largely represented because public interest in 'edible fungi has recently been aroused and shown to be very great. Specimens of the most dangerous and most poisonous mushroom of its class, Amatiita phalloides, were exhibited, showing both the white cap and the brown cap forms. The deceiving mushroom, Clitocybe ilhidens, was exhibited as a representative of those species which have been classed as unwholesome. If eaten they generally cause nausea and vomiting but are not dangerous. So far as known, no fatal results have been caused by them. A few tree fruits were shown, such as acorns and cones of coniferous trees, which from their size, shape and texture are not conveniently kept on the herbarium sheets with the specimens of the leaves and branches of the trees. These were exhibited in trays and served to indicate one method of keeping such specimens. Many speci- mens of fungi were exhibited in this way and are kept in this way in the herbarium inasmuch as they are too bulky to be mounted on herbarium sheets. In order to adapt the trays to the size or quantity of the specimens they are made in different dimensions, one a multiple of another. The smallest size is three by four inches, the next larger four by six inches, then six by eight and eight by twelve, which is the largest size. This permits economy of space and symmetry of arrangement. The specimens of seed-bearing plants and also of some of the spore-bearing plants were mounted on sheets of stiff white paper according to the usual method of mounting herbarium specimens. Some of the specimens are attached to the her- barium sheets by liquid glue, others by narrow strips of adhesive rubber plaster. The labels give the botanical name of the plant, the common name and the locality by counties. Other labels, indicating the division or group to which the species belong, were placed at the beginning of each series of specimens representing a group. A list of the names of the species represented, arranged in their respective groups, is given below. Specimens of eighty-five species were exhibited of which eleven are seed-bearing plants and seventy-four spore-bearing plants. Of the latter there was one fern, one club moss, three true mosses, three lichens, one alga and sixty-five fungi.' Of the last, nine are parasitic fungi, thirty edible fungi, one poisonous fungus, one unwholesome fungus and twenty-three injurious to wood. 270 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Bist of botanical N3pedmen$ ^xl)ibited at tl)e Pan-American Exposition h% tl)e Nev ^or^ 3tate AVageam. 3eed-:gearing Plants. Amelanchier spicata (Lam) D. C. Abies balsamea (L) Mill. Rubus setosus Bigel. Carex stricta Lam. Daucus carota L. C. stricta augustata (Boott) Bail. Hieraciura aurantiacum Ij. C. stricta xerocarpa (Wright) Britt. Vaccinium canadense Rich. C. stricta curtissima Pk. Oxycoccus macropis (Ait) Pers. Pora laxa Ha.enke. O. oxycoccus (L) MacM. Agropyron repen^ (L) Bv. ,3pore-:5earing Plants. Dryopteris cristata (L) Gray. Lycopodium clavatum L. L. clav. monostachyon Hook. Sphagnum lindbergu Schp. Polytrichum strictum Banks. Hypnum splendens Hedw. Cetraria islandica (L) Ach. Cladonia rangiferina (L) Hoffm. Umbilicaria pennsylvanica Hoffm. Chondrus crispus Lyngb. Calostoma cinnabarinum Desv. Parasitic Pangi. Caemo nitens Schw. U. avenae (Pers) Jens. Entomosporium maculatum Lev. U. tritici (Pers) Jens. E. mac. cydoniae C & E. U. hordei (Pers) K & S. Puccinia suaveolens (Pers) Kostr. U. neglecta Niessl. Ustilago zeae (Beckm) Ung. Hypomyces lactifluorum Schw. Pangi Injarioas to li^ood. F. pinicola Fr. Polyporus gilvus Schw. P. conchifer Schw. Polystictus glomeratus Pk. P. zonatus Fr. Daedalea quercina (L) Pers. Trametes cinnabarina (Jacq) Fr. T. trogu Berk. T. piceina Pk. Fomes carneus Nees. F. carneus subzonatus Pk. F. roseus A & S. F. igniarius (L) Fr. F. applanatus (Pers) Wallr. F. fraxinophilus Pk. F. conchatus (Pers) Fr. Mercelius lacrimans (Jacq) Fr. M. tremellosus Schrad. M. nivens Fr. Panus stipticus (Bull). Lenzites sepiaria Fr. L. betulina Fr. Odontia lateritia B & C. Chlorosplenium aeruginosum (Oed). AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 271 J^dible pQngi. Lepiota procera Scop. L. naucinoides Pk. L. clypeolaria (Bull) Fr. Arraillaria mellea Vahl. Clitolybe nebularis (Batsch) Fr. Clitocybe clavipers Pers. C. infundibuliformis (Schaeff). Hygrophosus fuligineus Frost. H. chlorophanus Fr. Lactarius chelidonium Pk. L. deceptivus Pk. Russula abietina Pk. R. brevipes Pk. Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. Pholiota caperata (Pers) Fr. P. squarrosoides Pk. Cantharcullus cibarius Fr. Agaricus campester L. A. silvicola Vitt, A. diminutivus Pk. A. haemorrhoidarius Schultz. Boletinus pictus Pk. Boletus chrys. albocarneus Pk. B. spectabilis Pk. Hydnum albidum Pk. H. repandum L. H. caput-ursi Fr. Craterellus cantharellus (Schw). Clavaria cristata Pers. Morchella angusticeps Pk. Poisonoas and Unvftotesome Pangi. Amanita phalloides Fr. Clitocybe illudens Schw. Wood and l^f&v^ Affected bx Pangoas Atcelium. Wood stained by Chlorosplenium aeru- ginosum De N. Wood attacked by Poria subacida Pk. Wood much softened by mycelium. Wood of hemlock overrun and perme- ated by mycelium. Bark of hemlock overrun by myce Hum. Tree Prait^. Magnolia acuminata L. Quercus nana (Marsh) Sarg. Q. prinoides.Willd. Q. macrocarpa Mx. Q. rubra L. Q. coccinea Wang. Pinus divaricata (Ait) Sudw. Tsuga canadensis (L) Carr. Picea canadensis (Mill) B. S. P. P. rubens Sarg. P. mariana (Mill) B. S. P. P. brevifolia Pk. tn 'fi^Vr'if^l wmi Cntomotogicat Gxl)ibit. By E. p. felt, State Entomologist. SEVERAL things were kept in mind in the preparation of this collection. It was designed primarily to be of the greatest possible value to all those who are obliged to control insects or suffer financial loss, and to accomplish this insects injurious to the different crops and to various products were given a very prominent place in the exhibit. These injurious species are also represented, so far as possible, in their different stages, egg, larva, pupa and adult, and any pecul- iarities of habit (specially those bearing on the character of the injury) are illus- trated. Thus, in looking over the exhibit of injurious forms, the visitor had before him an epitome of the life of the depredator. He saw not only the insect in its injurious stage but also in its other forms, and in a few moments he can grasp many of the essential facts in the life history of a pest. The illustrations of the work of the injurious species are frequently very helpful in enabling a farmer to recognize the author of what was to him previously a mysterious injury. A catalogue of the collection was also prepared, and its value much enhanced by the addition of refer- ences to the principal notices of economic groups, and also of individual species, thus making it practically a reference book to the latest and most accessible accounts of the various pests represented, and, in addition to this, brief directions are given for controlling the various forms. The enormous number of injurious insects, even in New York State, made it imperative that the exhibit be limited to the more important forms, and that the insects selected be grouped in a manner easily com- prehended by the general public. They were therefore arranged under various important food plants, etc., and each group will receive special notice under an appropriate head. There are many who are interested in insect life for other than economic reasons. Students of entomology will find much of interest in the systematic collection in which are native representatives of all the more important families, and beginners would derive much aid in the care of their specimens from a study of the technical collection. Those attracted by the peculiar or beautiful in nature would find much of interest in the collection of the work of gall insects, in the mimicry collection and in the collection of New York beauties, the latter being an assemblage of some 1 8 "3 274 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS of the more beautiful native butterflies and moths. The wing frames and framed photographs present by means of statistics and illustrations some of the more important activities of the office. Fruit tree insects. This collection of twenty-three different species includes some of the most important insect enemies of man, such as the codling moth, a species causing an estimated annual loss in New York State alone of about $3,000,000, the plum curculio, apple tree borers (both exceedingly destructive), rose beetle, apple tree tent caterpillar, case bearers and others, all insects causing much loss annually to fruit growers. Many of these pests have been repeatedly noticed in the reports and bulletins issued by the State Entomologist, and for excellent accounts of individual species the reader is referred to the citations given in the appended catalogue. Vine and small fruit insects. This group comprises eighteen of the most injurious forms depredating on the grapevine, currant, raspberry and other small fruits. One of the most important species represented is the grapevine root worm, a beetle which has already caused considerable loss in the western part of the State and one which threatens to do much injury in the future. The grapevine flea beetle is another pest which demands special mention in this connection. The grapevine plume moth, the currant saw fly and the tarnished plant bug are all familiar in a way to many growers and yet few comprehend fully the actual mischief they cause. Many of these included in this and following groups have been figured and briefly described in Bulletin 37 of the New York State Museum. Garden insects. This group is represented by twenty-seven species which injuriously affect one or more of the crops commonly grown in gardens. In it are found such notorious pests as wire worms, cut worms, cabbage butterflies, blister beetles, cucumber beetles, flea beetles, asparagus beetles, squash bugs, etc. Many of them are very common and not a few are exceedingly destructive, in spite of the fact that in most instances there are a number of well-known methods of keeping these pests in control. Most of these forms are treated of in the reports of the State Entomologist and many of them in State Museum Bulletin 37, cited above. Grass and grain insects. This group contains only fifteen species, but in it are represented some exceedingly destructive insects. The June beetles or white grubs are probably as destructive as some of the species feared much more, but as the injury they cause is usually a constant one, it attracts little attention as a rule. The army worm outbreak of 1896 is still fresh in the minds of many, while the Hes- sian fly has this year caused an estimated loss in this State of $3,000,000, or about half the crop. The chinch bug is another of the notorious enemies to prosperity. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 275 it proving most injurious in the Southern and Western States, though in 1882 and 1883 it threatened to cause considerable loss in New York State. A very good account of this outbreak is given by the late Dr. Lintner in his second report as State Entomologist. A number of species of grasshoppers are also included, since they not infrequently cause great mischief in various sections of the State. Household insects. The species represented in this group are but sixteen in number, yet many a housewife would prefer to fight several less prolific pests rather than any one of several which may be named in the list. Recent investigations have shown that not only is the common housefly a nuisance about the house, but also that it is a menace to the good health of the community. A reduction of its numbers is comparatively easy. The cheese skipper, noticed in detail in the twelfth report of the State Entomologist, is of much interest to cheese makers. The croton bug, cockroach, carpet beetle, clothes moth and other familiar pests in the home have been treated briefly by the State Entomologist in the Transactions of the New York State Agricultural Society for 1899. Insects affecting stored food products. This small group, comprising but nine species, includes some very injurious forms. The most important are the grain moth (a species which caused considerable injury to wheat on Long Island and adjacent localities last year and this), the bean weevil and the cigarette bettle. Most of these insects breed readily in various dried food products, and not infre- quently they are sources of annoyance in the house. Most of these species have been briefly treated in Bulletin 37 of the New York State Museum. Beneficial insects. This is an exceedingly important group, which is repre- sented in the collection by fifty-five different species. A series of forms which carry pollen from one plant to another is shown in order to emphasize this function of insects in nature. It may well be considered as one of the most important exercised by them. A few of the many beneficial parasites and predaceous enemies of insects are included, so that the farmer and others may have some idea of the appearance of beneficial forms. The mulberry silk worm and some of its allies comprise the portion of this group devoted to species of direct value or benefit to man. Scale insects (Coccidae). This exceedingly important group differs so widely from all other insects that its members were brought together in one collection so that the comparative differences between them might be more easily seen. The thirty-nine species represented includes, among others, the two very common and injurious forms known as the apple tree bark louse and the scurfy bark louse. The notorious San Jos6 scale insect is well represented and its close allies, the English fruit tree scale insect, the cherry scale insect and Putnam's scale insect, also find a 276 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS place in the collection. These more important enemies of fruit trees have been treated of in considerable detail and admirably illustrated in colors in Bulletin 46 of the New York State Museum. Another very important scale insect included here is the elm bark louse, a species which is noticed in some detail and illustrated in colors in the fifth report of the Fish, Game and Forest Commissioners of New York. Forest insects. This very important group is represented in the collection by forty-nine species, the result mostly of recent collections made in the State. Dr. A. D. Hopkins, who is a recognized authority on this subject, estimates the total annual loss caused by insects in this country on forest and forest products at the enormous sum of $25,000,000. This is a group to which comparatively little atten- tion has been paid in New York till the State Entomologist took up the study of it several years ago. Among the more important forms represented in this collection may be mentioned the pine " sawyer," a large grub which frequently causes much injury to logs allowed to lie for some time in mill yards. A number of species of bark borers are represented. They are of special interest because several of them are quite injurious to soft woods in the Adirondacks, while other species are killing pine in the Hudson River valley and on Long Island. The forest tent caterpillar, the pest which has been ravaging our hard maples in recent year.^, is well repre- sented in the collection along with some of its natural enemies'. A summary account of this insect, illustrated by colored figures, has been given by the State Entomologist in the fourth report of the Fish, Game and Forest Commissioners of New York. Shade tree insects. This group, illustrated by sixteen species, naturally comes very close to the preceding. It has been limited largely in the present instance to those species which are rarely of economic importance except when attacking shade trees, and as these are among our most valuable assets the group is of great economic importance. It includes such destructive pests as the sugar maple borer, leopard moth, elm bark borer, elm bark louse, elm leaf beetle, white marked tussock moth, bag worm, and others, all very injurious to highly prized shade trees. -Most of them can be controlled without excessive expense. For detailed accounts of these pests the reader is referred to the New York State Museum Bulletins 20 and 27, to the twelfth report of the State Entomologist and to his papers in the fourth and fifth reports of the Fish, Game and Forest Commissioners of New York. Work of gall insects. This is a small collection of deformities produced in plants by thirty species of insects belonging to three different orders. It illustrates the effect a comparatively insignificant insect may have upon plant tissues, and in the AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 277 study of the collection a number of interesting biological problems are presented to the mind of the student. Systematic collection. This assemblage of 634 species occupies nearly one-third of the entire space devoted to the display of insects. It is arranged according to what are believed to be the natural affinities of the species. That is, the more closely related are put next to each other, so far as possible. There is nothing very new in the collection, but it accomplishes its object in giving the casual observer some idea of the immense number and variety of forms found in the insect world. Such a collection can make no pretense to completeness, as will be seen at once, when it is remembered that our best authorities estimate that between 1,000,000 and 10,000,000 different species of insects are now existing in the world. It has speci'al value, however, to residents of New York State, since the more common native forms are very fully represented. This is of particular advantage in showing to some extent how many insects occur in a locality, and the sight of these should serve as a stimulus to the young collector. This portion of the exhibit should also aid materially in the identification of native forms by comparison. The common names of orders, families, groups and species, where well-recognized ones occur, have been given a prominent place, so that the non-scientific may not be discour- aged by the labels bearing only unfamiliar Latin names, and those who will use only scientific names will find them readily, even though written in smaller characters. A more definite idea of this collection may be obtained by the following figures : The bee and the wasp family is represented by sixty-seven species, beetles by two hundred and thirteen species, two-winged flies (Diptera) by fifty-five species, butter- flies by sixty-nine species, moths by one hundred and six species, true bugs by forty- four species (to which should be added the thirty-nine species of scale insects put in a special collection), and the grasshopper family by twenty species. The smaller orders like the fleas, caddice flies, thrips, white ants, stone flies, dragon flies. May flies, etc., are represented by relatively fewer species. This portion of the exhibit con- tains by far the largest number of species, and in order to get the most out of it considerable time should be given to the groups most interesting to the individual observer. Collection illustrating protective mimicry. This is a small lot comprising but fifteen, species. It is an exceedingly pretty assemblage of insects, and though indi- viduals 'may disagree as to the method by which such interesting adaptions are brought about, no one can fail to admire the collection as a whole and to be interested in the striking illustrations of protective mimicry. 278 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS. New York beauties.. This small collection of only fifteen native species was brought together for the purpose of showing some of the beautiful forms occurring in our State. Technical collection. This consists of over sixty different articles arranged to show the best methods and apparatus for the collection and preservation of insects. This is an exceedingly important subject to the amateur entomologist, and as most of the articles exhibited are comparatively inexpensive and as many home-made devices are included in the collection, this portion of the exhibit could not fail to be of interest and of great practical value to those making collections of insects. Framed photographs. This series is largely historical in nature, as enlarged photographs of the two early official entomologists of the State and the residence and work building or " bug house " of the New York pioneer in economic entomology occupy prominent places in the collection. All of these are of importance, because the public should not only be interested in the features of prominent scientific men but the two latter photographs are exceedingly valuable because they constitute a graphic record of the conditions under which the study of insects was first pursued by a New York State official. Wing frames. The tables and illustrations displayed on the wing frames give a general idea of the main activities of the office. Besides organization, list of publi- cations, table of correspondence, etc., most of. the wing frames are occupied with some of the more important original illustrations prepared in the office, thus giving in a graphic manner some idea of the 'number and variety of insects studied as occasion demanded. Publications. This exhibit included all of the more important publications of the State Entomologist and his predecessor, the Entomologist of the New York State Agricultural Society. The Fitch reports, as they are commonly termed, and the reports of the State Entomologist contain many detailed, illustrated notices of our most important insect pests. The entomological bulletins of the State Museum, except a few of the later ones devoted to the report of the Entomologist, usually treat of a well-related group and are as a rule of more service to the practical, non-entomological person than independent notices in various reports or in separate bulletins. The references to the more accessible, important notices of injurious insects listed in the appended catalogue should prove invaluable in directing the general public to the desired information in these reports and bulletins. A copy of the catalogue is appended to this account and should be consulted for further information in regard to the collection. Catalogae of V)z nntomologicat n^I)tbit of tl)e Nev ^o^^ atate /^ctsectm at tlie Pan-American ^j5:position Contents. Fruit Tree Insects, Nos. 1-23. Vine and Small Fruit Insects, Nos. 24-41. Garden Insects, Nos. 42-68. Grass and Grain Insects, Nos. 69-83. Household Insects, Nos. 84-99. Insects Affecting Stored Food Products, Nos. 100-108. Beneficial Insects, Nos. 109-163. Scale Insects, Coccidae, Nos. 164-202. Forest Insects, Nos. 203-251. Shade Tree Insects, Nos. 252-267. Work of Gall Insects, Nos. 268-297. Systematic Collection, Nos. 298-931 : Bee and Wasp Family (Hymenoptera), Nos. 298-384; Beetles (Coleoptera), Nos. 385-597; Fleas (Siphonaptera), No. 598; Two-Winged Flies (Diptera), Nos. 599-653 ; Butterflies and Moths (Lepidoptera), Nos. 654-828; Caddice Flies (Trichoptera), Nos. 829-837; True Bugs (Hemiptera), Nos. 838-881; Thrips (Physopoda), No. 882; Grasshoppers, Locusts (Orthoptera)-, Nos. 883-903; Earwigs (Euplexoptera), No. 904; Psocids (Corrodentia), No. 905; Termites (Isoptera), No. 906; Stone Flies (Plecoptera), Nos. 907-911; Dragon Flies (Odonata), Nos. 912-927; May Flies (Ephemerida), Nos. 928-930; Bristle-Tail, Fish Moth (Thysanura), No. 931. Collection Illustrating Protective Mimicry, Nos. 932-946.,^' New York Beauties, Nos. 947-961. Technical Collection, Nos. 962-1021. Framed Photographs, Nos. 1022-1026. Wing Frames, Nos. 1027-1052. Publications. 281 Preface. This catalogue lists all the species and articles exhibited in the collection. The insects of economic importance are arranged in natural groups and the value of the catalogue is much enchanced by the references to the more important, accessible articles treating of various groups and individual insects, making it practically a bibliographic catalogue of these forms, by the indication of the principal food plants of each of these species, and by the brief directions given for the control of injurious forms. Particular attention is called to the three special collections, namely, beneficial insects, scale insects, and the work of the gall insects. The former two are of greatest economic importance, and by grouping them together their value and their characteristics are emphasized, while the arrangement of the last affords an opportunity to compare some of the diversified effects produced by insects. The technical collection is of the greatest value to all beginners in ento- mology, since it illustrates the best methods of collecting and caring for insects. The wing frames practically give a synopsis of the work of the of^ce. E. P. FELT, New York State Entomologist. 283 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS AT PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 285 Fmtt Tree Insects (1-33) General works on the group : Fitch, Asa, Noxious and other insects of New York. 3d rep't, '56, p. 3-1 19. Saunders, William, Insects injurious to fruits, 1889, p. 1-436, J. B. Lippincott Co., Phila. Weed, C. M., Insects and insecticides, 1891, p. 1-281, published by the author, Hanover, N. H. Smith, J. B., Economic entomology, 1896, p. 1-481, J. B. Lippincott Co., Phila. I Codling; Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella Linn.) Principal food plants : Apple, pear. Treatment : Spray with poison soon after the petals have fallen, destroy fallen fruit, trap larvae under bands. Chief accessible articles: Comstock, J. H., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '79, p. 253-55; Howard, L. O., '87, p. 88; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 338-42; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 142, '98, p. 1-69; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans. '99, 59: 276-77. 2 Bumble Flower Beetle (Euphoria inda Linn.) Principal food plants : Peaches, corn. Treatment : Handpicking. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. 232-39. 3 Plum Curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar Herbst.) Principal food plant : Plum. Treatment : Destroy the beetles after jarring them from the trees. Chief accessible articles : Riley, C. V., and Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric. Rep't '88, p. 57; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 7th rep't, '91, p. 288-96. 4 Pear Midge (Diplosis pyrivora Riley) Principal food plant : Pear. Treatment : Destroy infested fruit before maggots escape. Chief accessible articles : Riley, C. V., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '85, p. 283-89 ; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 8th rep't, '91, p. 140-51. 5 Round Headed Borer (Saperda Candida Fabr.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Dig out borers, protect trunk with paper or wire netting, carbolic soap washes. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 5th rep't, '89, p. 269-71. Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ 32, 2d ser., '98, p. 1-8. 286 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 6 Flat Headed Apple Tree Borer (Chrysobothris femorata Fabr.) Principal food plants : Apple, pear and plum trees. Treatment : Carbolic soap washes, digging borers out. Chief accessible article : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 32, 2d ser., '98, p. 9-12. 7 Pear Blight Beetle (Xyleborus dispar Fabr.) Principal food plant : Pear tree. Treatment ; Cut and burn infested limbs, keep trees vigorous. Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 7th rep't, '91, p. 348-51; Hubbard, H. G., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 7, new ser., '97, p. 22-3. 8 Fruit Tree Bark Beetle (Scolytus rugulosus Ratz.) Principal food plants : Peach, plum, cherry trees. Treatment : Cut and burn badly infested limbs, keep tree vigorous. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 4th rep't, '88, p. 103-7 ! Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 29, 2d ser., '98, p. 1-8. 9 Rose Beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus Fabr.) Principal food plants : Fruit trees and rose bushes. Treatment : Spray beetles with whale oil soap, Yi lb. to i gal. >vater, dust plants with plaster, ashes, etc.; handpicking. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 1st rep't, '82, p. 227-32; Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 11, 2d ser., '95, p. 1-4 ; Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 396-98. 10 Apple Tree Tent Caterpillar (Clisiocampa americana Fabr.) Principal food plants : Wild cherry, apple trees. Treatment : Collect and destroy egg belts, kill young while in nests, spray with poison in early spring. Chief accessible articles :,Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't N. Y. state museum, Bull. 23, '98, p. 177-90 ; N. Y. state museum, Bull. 27, '99, p. 46-48 ; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 152, '98, p. 281-93 ; Beach, Lowe and Stewart, N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 170, '99, p. 389-90 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 271-72. II Pimpla conquisitor Say A parasite on the above. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 287 12 Gypsy Moth (Porthetria dispar Linn.) Principal food plants : Fruit, oak, maple and other forest trees. Treatment : Collect and destroy eggs, kill clustered larvae, spray with arsenate of lead. Chief accessible articles : Fernald, C. H., Mass. (Hatch) agric. exp't station, special bull., Nov. '89, p. 1-8 ; Forbush, E. H., and Fernald, C. H., Mass. state board agric. rep'ts, 1892-1900; I.intner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 420-26 ; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 11, new ser., '97, p. 1-39 ; Forbush, E. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 20, new ser., '99, p. 104-7; Pelt, E. P., state entomologist, i6th rep't (N. Y. state museum bull. 36), p. 955-62. 13 Brown Tail Moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea Linn.) Principal food plants : Pear, apple, quince. Treatment : Cut and burn winter nests, spray trees with poisons. Chief accessible articles: Fernald, C. H., and Kirkland, A. H., Mass. (Hatch) agric. exp't station, special bull., July, '97, p. 1-15; U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 17, new ser., '98, p. 24-32. 14 Palmer Worm (Ypsolophus pometellus Harris) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Spray with poison in early June. Chief accessible articles: Fitch, Asa, Noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., 1-2 rept's, '56, p. 221-33; Lowe, V. H., Rural New Yorker, July 14, '00, 59:477-78; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 187, '00, p. 81-101; Felt, E. P., state entomologist, i6th rep't, '00, p. 962-66. 15 Oblique Banded Leaf Roller (Cacoecia rosaceana Harr.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Spray early with poison. Chief accessible notice : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 312. 16 Apple Leaf Folder (Phoxopteris nubeculana Clem.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Burn infested leaves. Chief accessible article : Riley, C. V., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '78, p. 34-35. 17 Pistol Case Bearer (Coleophora malivorella Riley) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment: Spray thoroughly with poison in early spring. Chief accessible articles : Riley, C. V., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '78, p. 48-49; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. 163-67; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans. '96, p. 352-61; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric exp't station, Bull. 124, '97, p. 1-16; Hall, F. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 122, '97, p. 1-5; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 122, '97, p. 221-31. 288 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS l8 Cigar Case Bearer (Coleophora fletcherella Fern.) Principal food plants : Apple tree. Treatment : Spray thoroughly with poison in early spring. Chief accessible articles: Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 93, '95, p, 214-30; Beach, Lowe and Stewart, N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 170, '99, p. 391-92. 19 Apple Leaf Miner (Tischeria malifoliella Clem.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Burn infested leaves. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '95, p. 160-62. 20 Resplendent Shield Bearer (Aspidisca splendoriferella Clenj.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Spray in winter or early spring with contact insecticides. Chief accessible article : Comstock, J. H., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '79, p. 2T0-13. , 21 Apple Leaf Bucculatrix (Bucculatrix pomifoliella Clem.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Spray with poison in early June. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. 157-62. 22 Bud Moth (Tmetocera ocellana Schiff.) Principal food plant : Apple tree. Treatment : Spray with poison in early spring. Ctiief accessible articles: Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 50, '93, p. r-29; , Bull. 107, '96, p. 57-66; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 136, '97, P- 397-98- 23 Pear Psylla (Psylla pyricola Forst.) Principal food plant : Pear tree. Treatment : Spray with kerosene emulsion in early spring. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 317-29; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station. Bull. 44, '92, p. 161-86; , Bull. 108, '96, p. 69-81; Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 7, 2d ser., '95 p. 1-8. "A W < O o o Pi o X; ci W o AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 289 Vine and 3mall Pmit Insects (Zl-li) General works : See those cited under fruit tree insects. 24 Grapevine Root Worm (Fidia viticida Walsh) Principal food plant : Grapevine. ' Treatment : Spray with poison the latter part of June; keep soil pulverized and mounded about the base of vines in July. Chief accessible articles : Webster, F. M.,- Ohio agric. exp't station, Bull. 62, '95, p. 77-95; Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 391-93; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 184, '00, p. 21-32. 25 Spotted Grapevine Beetle (Pelidnota punctata Linn.) t Principal food plant : Grapevine. Treatment : Handpicking. Chief accessible notice : Felt, E. P., N. Y. state museum, Bull. 37, '00, p. 15. 26 Light Loving Grapevine Beetle (Anomala lucicola Fabr.) Principal food plant : Grapevine. Treatment : Handpicking, dusting vines with ashes, plaster, etc. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, loth rep't, '94, p. 408-10. 27 Grapevine Flea Beetle (Haltica chalybea 111.) Principal food plant : Grapevine. Treatment : Spray vines with poison. Chief accessible articles: Comstock, J. H., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '79, p. 213-16; Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 395-96 ; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 150, '98, p. 263-65 ; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station. Bull. 157, '98, p. 189-213. 28 Eight Spotted Forester (Alypia octomaculata Fabr.) Principal food plants : Virginia creeper, grapevine. Treatment : Spray with arsenical poisons. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 5th rep't, '89, p. 179-83. 29 Grstpevine Plume Moth (Oxyptilus periscelidactylus Fitch) Principal food plant : Grapevine. Treatment : Handpicking, spray with poison. Chief accessible articles : Fitch, Asa, Noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., i-2d rep't, '56, p. 139-43 ; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 218-22. 19 290 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 30 Grapevine Leaf Hopper (Typhlocyba comes Say) Principal food plant : Grapevine. Treatment : Burn rubbish in fall or spring, spray with kerosene emulsion. Chief accessible article : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 400-2. 31 Currant Stem Borer (Sesia tipuliformis Linn.) Principal food plant : Currant. Treatment : Cut and burn infested stems. 32 Red Breasted Currant Borer (Tenthredo rufopectus Nort.) Principal food plant : Currant. Treatment : Cut and burn wilting tips. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 13th rep't, '97, p. 335-37. 33 Currant Saw Fly (Pteronus ribesii Scop.) Principal food plant : Currant. Treatment : Spray foliage with hellebore or an arsenical poison. Chief accessible articles : Fitch, Asa, Noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., 12th rep't, '67, p. 909-32 ; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 2d rep't, '85, p. 217-21. 34 Currant Span Worm (Diastictis ribearia Fitch) Principal food plant : Currant. Treatment : Spray foliage with an arsenical poison. Chief accessible notices : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 310-11 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state museum, Bull. 37, '00, p. 13-14. 35 Tarnished Plant Bug (Lygus pratensis Linn.) Principal food plant : Peach tree. Treatment : Handpicking, dusting with ashes, clean culture. Chief accessible article: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 13th rep't, '97, p. 351-57. ' 36 Four Lined Leaf Bug (Poecilocapsus lineatus Fabr.) Principal food plant : Currant. Treatment : Spray young with kerosene emulsion, cut and burn egg-bearing twigs. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 1st rep't, '82, p. 271-81 ; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station. Bull. 58, '93, p. 207-39. 37 Gouty Gall Beetle (Agrilus ruficoUis Fabr.) Principal food plant : Raspberry. Treatment : Cut and burn infested canes in early spring. Chief accessible articles : Lintner", J. A., state entomologist, 6th rep't, '90, p. 123-25 ; loth rep't, '94, p. 406-7. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 29 1 38 White Flower Cricket (Oecanthus niveus DeG.) Principal injury to raspberry bushes. Treatment : Cut and burn infested canes in early spring. Clean culture. 39 Fuller's Rose Beetle (Aramigus fulleri Horn.) Principal food plant : Rose bush. Treatment : Handpicking. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 2d rep't, '85, p. 142-44. 40 Thyreus abbotii Swains. Principal food plants : Grapevine, Virginia creeper. Treatment : Handpicking. Chief accessible article : Cooley, R. A., Mass. agric. exp't station, Bull. ^6, '96, p. 11-12. 41 Cranberry Worm (Rhopobota vacciniana Pack.) Principal food plant : Cranberry. Treatment : Flow bogs after eggs hatch, spray vines with arsenical poisons. Chief accessible articles : -Smith, J. B., N. J. agric. exp't station, spec. bull. K, '90, p. 10-15; Fernald, C. H., Mass. (Hatch) exp't station, Bull. 19, '92, p. 135-37; , Mass. state board agric, Rep't '97, p. 145-48. (iarden Insects (^3-65) General works : See last two publications cited under fruit tree insects. 42 Wheat Wire Worm (Agriotes mancu.s Say.) This insect and its allies may injure a number of garden crops. Treatment : Fall plowing, use poisoned baits for beetles. Chief accessible articles : Comstock, J. H., and Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 33, '91, p. 251-58 ; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 107, '96, p. 51-2. 43 Cabbage Butterfly (Pieris rapae Linn.) Principal food plant : Cabbage. Treatment : Spray young plants with arsenical poisons, use hellebore or pyrethrum on older ones. Chief accessible notice : Felt, E. P., N. Y. state museum. Bull. 37, 'oo', p. 29-30. 44 Zebra Caterpillar (Mamestra picta Harr.) Principal food plant : Cabbage. Treatment : Spray young plants with arsenical poisons, use pyrethrum or hellebore on older ones. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 5th rep't, '89, p. 206-10 Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't, '98, p. 201-7. 292 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 45 Microplitis mamestrae Weed A parasite of the preceding. 46 Variegated Cutworm (Peridroma saucia Hiibn.) Principal food plants : Feeds on a number of garden crops. Treatment : Poisoned baits. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 5th rep't, '89, p. 200-6. 47 Colorado Potato Beetle (Doryphora lolineata Say) Principal food plant : Potato. Treatment : Spray with arsenical poisons, handpicking. 48 Lebia Grandis Hentz This species preys on the preceding. 49 Spined Soldier Bug (Podisus spinosus Dall.) Another predaceous enemy. 50 Margined Blister Beetle (Epicauta cinerea Forst.) Principal food plant : Frequently injures potatoes. Treatment : Dust vines with ashes, plaster, etc., spray with arsenical poisons only when necessary as the young are beneficial. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 6th rep't, 'go, p. 134-35. 51 Striped Blister Beetle (Epicauta vittata Fabr.) Principal food plant : Frequently injures potatoes. Treatment : Same as preceding. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 6th rep't, 'go, p. 132-34. 52 Stalk Borer (Hydroecia nitela Guen.) Principal food plant : Tomato, potato and other thick stalked plants. Treatment : Destroy caterpillars in wilting stalks. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. iio-i6. 53 Tomato Worm (Phlegethontius celeus Hubn.) Chief food plant : Tomato. Treatment : Spray with arsenical poisons before fruit appears, handpicking. Chief accessible article : Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '98, p. 128-32. 54 Striped Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica vittata Fabr.) Principal food plant : Cucumber vines. Treatment : Spray vines with poisoned bordeaux mixture, dust vines with ashes, plaster, etc. Chief accessible articles : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 31, 2d ser., '98, p. 1-7; Sirrine, F. A., N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 158, '99, p. 1-32. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 293 55 Squashvine Borer (Melittia satyriniformis Hubn.) Principal food plant : Squash vines. Treatment : Plant early squashes as a trap crop, cut out and destroy borers. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 2d rep't, '85, p. 57-68; Sirrine, F. A., N Y. agric. exp't station, isth rep't, '96, p. 610-12; Chittenden, F. H, U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 38, 2d ser., '99, p. 1-6; , Bull. 19, new ser., '99, p. 34-40- 56 Cucumber Flea Beetle (Epitrix cucumeris Harr.) Principal food plants : Cucumbers, potatoes, tomatoes. Treatment : Spray plants with poisoned bordeaux mixture, dust with ashes, plaster, etc. Chief accessible article: Stewart, F. C, N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 113, '96, p. 311-17. ' 57 Red Headed Flea Beetle (Systena frontalis Fabr.) Principal injury recorded was to sugar beets. Treatment : Spray plants with arsenical poisons, the poisoned bordeaux mixture being specially effective. Chief accessible notice : Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 15th rep't, '00, p. 538. 58 Common Asparagus Beetle (Crioceris asparagi Linn.) Principal food plant : Asparagus. Treatment : Spray all except cutting beds with an arsenical poison, dust plants with plaster, ashes, etc. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. 239-46 ; , nth rep't, '95, p. 177-81 ; Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '96, p. 342-49 ; Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 15th rep't, '00, p 540-41. 59 Twelve Spotted Asparagus Beetle (Crioceris 12 punctata Linn.) Principal food plant : Asparagus. Treatment : Same as for the preceding species. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 248-52 ; Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric. Yearbook, '96, p. 349-52 ; Felt, E. P., state entomolo- gist, 15th rep't, '00, p. 540-41. 60 Squash Bug (Anasa tristis DeG.) Principal food plant : Squash vine. Treatment : Trap under chips and destroy the bugs, collect and destroy the eggs. Chief accessible articles : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 19, new ser., 99, p. 20-28; , Circ. 39, 2d ser., '99, p. 1-5. 294 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 6i Onion Thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) Principal food plants : Onions, lettuce. Treatment : Spray affected plants with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap solution. Chief accessible article: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '95, p. 241-47. 62 Rhubarb Curculio (Lixus concavus Say) Principal food plant : Rhubarb. Treatment : Handpicking. Chief accessible article : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 23, new ser., '00, p. 61-69. 63 Chrysanthemum Fly (Phytomyza chrysanthemi Kow.) Principal food plant : Chrysanthemum. Treatment : Destroy infested leaves. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 4th rep't, '88, p. 73-80 ; , 7th rep't, '91, p. 242-46. 64 Mushroom Phora (Phora agarici Lintn.) Principal food plant : Mushrooms. Treatment : Kill flies with dry pyrethrum. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, loth rep't, '94, p. 399-405. 65 Manure Fly (Sciara coprophila Lintn.) Principal food : Decaying vegetable matter, rarely injurious. Treatment : Spray soil with kerosene emulsion and follow with a sprinkling of water. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, loth rep't, '94, p. 391-97. 66 Wild Parsnip Worm (Depressaria heracliana DeG.) Principal food plant : Wild parsnip, and the species, therefore, can hardly be consid- ered injurious. 67 Genista Caterpillar (Mecyna reversalis Guen.) Principal food plant : Genista and cytisus. Treatment : Spray infested plants with hellebore or an arsenical poison. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '95, p. 142-45. 68 Milkweed Butterfly (Anosia plexippus Linn.) Principal food plant : Common /milkweed. This is a common but not an injurious species. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 295 (irags and (iram Insects (69-33) General works : See last two publications cited under fruit tree insects. 69 May Beetle (Lachnosterna fusca Frohl.) Principal food plant : Grass roots. Treatment : Spray infested areas heavily with kerosene emulsion just before a rain, or follow spraying with a liberal watering. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 353-57. 70 Green June Beetle (Allorhina nitida Linn.) Principal food plant : Decomposing vegetable matter and possibly grass roots to some extent. Treatment : Same as for the preceding, also poisoned bran mash. Chief accessible article : Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 10, new ser., '68, p. 20-26. 71 Punctured Clover Leaf Weevil (Phytonomus punctatus Fabr.) Principal food plant : Clover. Treatment : Plow under badly infested fields. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. 247-53 ! , 5th rep't, '89, p. 272-73 ; , 7th rep't, '91, p. 315-16. 72 Phytonomus nigrirostris Fabr. Principal food plant : Clover ; it is not a species of much economic importance. 73 Army Worm (Leucania unipuncta Haw.) Principal food plants : Grass and grains. Treatment : Clean culture, debarring from infested fields, poisoned bran mash. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '96, p. 190-214; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station. Bull. 133, '97, p.. 233-58; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 104, '96, p. 122-29; , 15th rep't, '96, p. 583-605. 74 Clover Hay Caterpillar (Pyralis costalis Fabr.) Principal food plant : Clover. Treatment : Keep hay clean and dry, salt lower layers, do not allow old hay to remain over from year to year. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '95, p. 145-51. 296 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 75 Hessian Fly (Cecidomyia destructor Say) Chief food plant : Wheat. Treatment : Late planting in connection with early, sow decoy strips to be plowed under in late fall, grow resistant varieties, cut straw high in infested districts and burn stubble. Chief accessible articles : Fitch, Asa, Noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., 7th rep't, '62, p. 133-44; Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ 14, 2d ser., '95, p. 1-4; Osborn, Herbert, U. S. dept. agric, div. ent.. Bull. 16, new ser., '98, p. 1-57. 76 Joint Worm (Isosoma hordei Harr.) Principal food plant : Barley. Treatment: Burn infested straw. Chief accessible articles : Fitch, Asa, Noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., 7th rej)'t, '62, p. 155-59; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 4th rep't, '88, p. 27-35. 77 Isosoma grande Riley Principal food plant : Wheat. Treatment : Same as preceding. Chief accessible articles : Riley, C. V., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '84, p. 357-58; Webster, F. M., U. S. dept. agric, Rep't '84, p. 383-87; , Rep't '85, p. 311-15; Riley, C. V., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '86, p. 542-46. / 78 Chinch Bug (Blissus leucopterus Say) Principal food plants : Grasses, small grains, corn. Treatment : Burn grass, etc., sheltering hibernating bugs, sow decoy plots, plow badly infested areas or spray with kerosene emulsion, protect cultivated crops by barriers. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 2d rep't, '85, p. 148-64; Webster, F. M., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 15, new ser., '98, p. 1-82. 79 Red Legged Locust (Melanoplus fenaur-rubrum DeG.) Principal food plants : Grasses and grains. Treatment : Plow young hoppers under, collect with hopperdozer, poisoned bran mash. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, loth rep't, '94, p. 439-45. . Same as 79. Same as 79. Same as 79. Same as 79. 80 Melanoplus femoratus Burm. 81 Pellucid Locust (Camnula pellucida Scudd.) .82 Carolina Locust (Dissosteira Carolina Linn.) 83 Circotettix verruculatus Scudd. AT THE PAN-AMERIGAN EXPOSITION. 297 Hott3eI)ol(I Insects (S4h-^^) 84 Little Red Ant (Monomorium pharaonis Linn.) Principal food : Sweets, lard, etc. Treatment : Destroy nests with carbon bisulfid, kerosene emulsion or boiling water. Trap with lard or sponge dipped in sweetened water and destroy. Chief accessible articles : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 95-99; , Circ. 34, 2d ser., '98, p. 1-4 ; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '95, p. 109-14 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 298-99. 85 Large Black Ant (Camponotus pennsylvanica Cress.) Bores in wood and is occasionally found in houses. Treatment : Same as for 84, so far as practicable. 86 House Fly (Musca domestica Linn.) Principal food : A very general feeder. Treatment : Keep premises clean and prevent the flies from getting at manure. Exclude with screens. Chief accessible articles : Howard, L. O., and Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent, Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 43-47 ; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 35, 2d ser., '98, p. 1-8 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 295-96. 87 Cheese Skipper (Piophila casei Linn.) Principal food : Cheese, ham. Treatment : Exclude flies, keep affected products in darkness, destroy eggs every few days. Chief accessible articles : Howard, L. O., U. S. dept. agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 102-4 : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 229-34 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59:300-1. 88 Larder Beetle (Dermestes lardarius Linn.) Principal food : Bacon, dried meat, skins, etc. Treatment : Keep the beetles away by using screens or tight receptacles, clean up fre- quently and give the pest little opportunity to breed. Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 6th rep't, '90, p. 119-23 ; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 107-9 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 300. 298 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 89 Croton Bug (Phyllodromia germanica Fabr.) Principal food : A very general feeder. Treatment : Cleanliness and the use of a roach poison, s-uch as Hooper's fatal food, fumigate with sulfur, entice the insects to enter vessels partly filled with stale beer from which no escape is provided. Chief accessible articles : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 90-95 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 299. 90 Cockroach (Periplaneta americana Fabr.) Principal food : A very general feeder. Treatment : Same as for 89. Chief accessible articles : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 90-95 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 299. 91 Black Carpet Beetle (Attagenus piceus Oliv.) Principal food : Woolens, horn, dried animal matter. Treatment : Use rugs or matting in place of carpet whenever possible. Infested carpets should be taken up and sprayed with benzine and the cracks in the floor should be filled with plaster before relaying. Clean garments and furs thoroughly and store during the summer in tight boxes. Fumigate infested apartments with sulfur. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 2d rep't, '85, p. 46-8; , 9th rep't, '92, p. 299-306; Howard, L. O., and Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 61-63; Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 8, new ser., '97) P- ''■5~^9'7 Eelt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 297-98. 92 Buffalo Carpet Beetle (Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn.) Principal fpod : Woolens, dried animal matter. Treatment : Same as for 91. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 299-306; Howard, L. O., and Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 58-60; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 297-98. 93 Two Spotted Lady Bug (Adalia bipunctata Linn.) Food : Preys on other insects and is therefore beneficial, though it is frequently mis- taken for a carpet beetle. Treatment ; Always protect the beetles. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 300; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 297. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 299 94 Museum Pest (Anthrenus verbasci Linn.) Principal food : Dried animal matter. Treatment : Exclude from collections by using tight boxes supplemented by frequent examinations. Fumigate infested boxes with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible article : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 8, new ser., '97, p. 22-23. 95 Clothes Moth (Tineola biselliella Hum.) Principal food : Woolens. Treatment : Same as for 91. Chief accessible articles : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Circ. 36, 2d ser., '98, p. 1-8; Howard, L. O., and Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 63-69; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric soc. Trans., '99, 59: 297-98. 96 Silver Fish (Thermobia furnorum Rov.) Principal food : Farinaceous matter. Treatment : Keep things dry and do not allow them to remain undistutbed for long periods, dust haunts with pyrethrum powder. Chief accessible articles : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, new ser., '96,p. 76-78; Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't, '98, p. 216-18; , N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 301. 97 Bed Bug (Acanthia lectularia Linn.) Principal food : Blood of certain mammalia. Treatment : Apply benzine, kerosene, other petroleum oil or corrosive sublimate to crevices in infested beds. Fumigation with sulfur is valuable wherever possible. Chief accessible articles : Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 32-38; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., 99, 59: 299-300. 98 Masked Bed Bug Hunter : Kissing Bug (Opsicoetu.s personatu.s Linn.) Principal food : Other insects, only occasionally does it attack man. Treatment : Exclude from houses by the use of screens. Chief accessible article : Howard, L. O., Popular science monthly, Nov. 99; , U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 22, '00, p. 24-25. 99 Squash Bug (Anasa tristis DeG.) Resembles 98 somewhat, but on comparison a marked difference will be seen. 300 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Insects Affecting 3tored Pood Pfodacts (loo-lo5) 100 Rice Weevil (Calandra oryzae Linn.) Principal food : Rice or its preparations. Treatment : Fumigate with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible article: Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '94, p. 280.-81. loi Pteromalus calandrae How. A parasite of 100. 102 Grain Moth (Sitotroga cerealella Oliv.) Principal food : Corn, wheat. Treatment : Harvest and thresh grain early, fumigate infested grain with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 2d- rep't, '85, p. 102-10 ; , loth rep't, '94, p. 377-86 ; Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '94, p. 281-83. 103 Corn Silvanus (Silvanus surinamensi.s Linn.) Principal food : Cereal grains. Treatment : Fumigate infested materials with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible article ; U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '94, p. 287. 104 Meal Worm (Tenebrio molitor Linn.) Principal food : Corn and rye meal. Treatment : Fumigate infested meal with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 8th rep't, '91, p. 176-77; Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 1 16-17. 105 Bean Weevil (Bruchus obtectus Say) Principal food : Beans. Treatment : Fumigate infested seeds with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 7th rep't, '91, p. 255-7^. 106 Pea Weevil (Bruchus pisorum Linn.) Principal food : Pea. Treatment : Early planting, fumigate infested peas with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible article : Riley, C. V., and Howard, L. O., Insect life, '91, 4: 297-99. 107 Confused Flower Beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) Principal food : Farinaceous preparations. Treatment : Fumigate infested preparations with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible articles : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '94, p. 288-9; , div ent.. Bull 4, "06, p. 113-15. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 3OI 108 Cigarette ■ Beetle (Lasioderma testaceum Duft.) Principal food : Tobacco preparations. Treatment : Fumigate infested substances with carbon bisulfid. Exclude the insects by using tight packages. Chief accessible article : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 4, new ser., '96, p. 126-27. beneficial Injects (10^-163) Pollen Carriers These insects perform a most important function because many, fruit trees depend almost entirely upon insects for the carrying of pollen from flower to flower. 109 Honey Bee (Apis mellifica Linn.) This insect is exceedingly valuable as a poUenizer of plants as well as a producer of honey. !gtttDbte gees (gombas) This genus is represented by a number of species, all valuable as pollen carriers. iio Bombus fervidus Fabr. Ill Bombus pennsylvanicus DeG. 112 Bombus terricola Kirby 113 Bombus ternarius Say 114 Bombus vagans Smith 115 Bombus virginicus Oliv. 116 Melissodes obliqua Say 117 Melissodes perplexa Cress. ISieaf-catfer :gees (i*\iegac^ile) The popular name comes from the peculiar habit certain species, at least, have of cutting bits out of leaves to use in nest building. 118 Megachile montivaga Cress. 119 Megachile latimanus Say 120 Andrena crataegi Rob. 121 Andrena fimbriata Smith 302 REPORT OF BQARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 122 Agapostemon radiatus Say 123 Halictus parallelus Say 124 Wasp (Polistes pallipes St. Farg.) 125 Vespa arenaria Fabr. 126 Yellow Jacket (Vespa diabolica Sauss.) 127 White Faced Hornet (Vespa maculata Linn.) Plover Pties; 3tfpbos I'ties (3trpW(Iae) 128 Spilomyia fusca Loew 129 Helophilus latifions Loew 130 Helophilus similis Macq. 131 Eristalis flavipes Walk. 132 Eristalis tenax Linn. 132a Tropidopria comica Fabr A parasite of the above. 133 Eristalis transversus Wied. 134 Volucella evecta Walk. Parasites A number of serious insect pests are held in check by parasitic enemies. These beneficial species should be protected, and in fighting insects the destruction of parasites should be avoided whenever possible. 135 Pteromalus vanessae How. 136 Pimpla conquisitor Say 137 Ophion purgatum Say 138 Ichneumon flavicornis Cr. 139 Red Tailed Tachina Fly (Winthemia 4-pustulata Fabr.) AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 303 Predaceotts InsectjS Some predaceous insects are most efficient aids in controlling insect depredations. The Syrphid flies and lady bugs are examples of well-known enemies of plant lice. 140 Potter Wasp (Eumenes fraternus Say) 141 Digger Wasp (Bembex fasciata Fabr.) 142 Sphaerophoria cylindrica Say 143 Syrphus ribesii Linn. 144 Margined Soldier Beetle (Chauliognathus marginatus Fabr.) 145 Pennsylvania Soldier Beetle (Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus DeG.) Lady Bugs (Coccinellidae) Plant lice or aphids find some of their most serious enemies in this group. 146 Brachyacantha ursina Fabr. 147 Twice Stabbed Lady Bug (Chilocorus bivulnerus Muls.) 148 Fifteen Spotted Lady Bug (Anatis ocellata Linn.) 149 Two Spotted Lady Bug (Adalia bipunctata Linn.) 150 Coccinella sanguinea (Linn.) 151 Transverse Lady Bug (Coccinella transversalis Muls.) 152 Nine Spotted Lady Bug (Coccinella 9-notata Herbst.) 153 Three Banded Lady Bug (Coccinella trifasciata Linn.) 154 Parenthetical Lady Bug (Hippodamia parenthesis Say) 155 Convergent Lady Bug (Hippodamia convergens Guer.) 156 Spotted Lady Bug (Megilla maculata DeG.) 157 Spined Soldier Bug (Podisus spinosus Dall.) 158 Lace Winged Fly (Chrysopa species) ^i^^ Worms The mulberry silk worm is the insect which produces all the raw material from which silks are manufactured. Several related species are also represented in the collection. 304 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 159 Mulberry Silk Worm (Bombyx mori Linn.) 160 Cynthia Moth (Samia Cynthia Dm.) 161 Polyphemus Moth ; American Silk Worm (Telea laolyphemus Cram.) 162 Japanese Silk Worm (Antheraea yamimai Guer.) 163 Chinese Silk Worm (Antheraea pernyi Guer.) >3(iale Insects (Cocddae) (16I-Z0Z) A natural group of great economic importance. Chief articles on the group : Comstock, J. H., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '80, p. 276-349; Cornell University, 2d rep't dep't entomology, '83, p. 45-147 ; Cockerel], T. D. A., Check list of the Coccidae, 111. state lab. nat. hist., Bull., '96, vol. 4, art. 11, p. 318-339; supplement, 111. state lab. nat. hist., Bull., '9^, vol. 5, art. 7, p. 389-98. 164 Cottony Cushion Scale Insect (Icerya purchasi Mask.) This species is of interest on account of its threatening the destruction of the citrus fruit industry of California about 1880. Principal food plants : Citrus trees. Treatment : Importation of natural enemies, fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas. Chief article : Riley, C. V., U. S. dep't agric, Rep't '86, p. 466-91. 165 Elm Tree Bark Louse (Gossyparia ulmi Geoff.) Principal food, plants : European elms. Treatment: Spray with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap solution in early. spring Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 292-97; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state museum, Bull. 20, '98, p. 16-18; -^ — , Bull. 27, '99, p. 46; , Fish, game and forest comm., 5th rep't, '99, p. 388-91. 166. Oak Kermes (Kermes galliformis Riley) Principal food plants : Oaks, rarely injurious. 167 Oak Scale Insect (Asterolecanium variolosum Ratz.) Principal food plant : Oak. Treatment : Spray with kerosene emulsion in early summer. Chief accessible article : I^owe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't stat.,, Rep't '95, p. 550-51. 168 Barnacle Scale Insect (Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comst.) A southern species which occurs on orange and quince. 3 D pq w H 'A W < AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 305 169 Lecanium armeniacum Craw, A species recently introduced into New York state. Principal food plants : Grape, currant. Chief accessible notice : Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't, '98, p. 240. 170 Cherry Lecanium (Lecanium cerasifex Fitch) Occurs rather commonly on maple, oak, cherry and apple trees. Treatment : Spray infested trees in winter or in early spring with kerosene emul- sion (1-4). 171 Lecanium fitchii Sign. Infests raspberry and blackberry bushes. 172 Common Greenhouse Lecanium (Lecanium hesperidum Linn.) A bad pest on many house and greenhouse plants. Treatment : Spray or wash plants with kerosene emulsion or a soap solution. 173 Black Scale Insect (Lecanium oleae Bern.) A serious pest on many plants in California. 174 New York Plum Scale Insect (Lecanium prunastri Fonsc.) Principal food plant : Plum. Treatment : Spray infested trees with kerosene emulsion (1-4) just after the leaves fall. Chief accessible articles : Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station. Bull. 83, '94, p 681-99; , Bull. 108, '96, p. 82-6; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 136, •97. P- 583-86. 175 Tulip Tree Scale Insect (Lecanium tulipiferae Cook) Principal food plant : Tulip tree. Treatment : Spray infested trees with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap solution. Chief accessible article : Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't, 98 (Museum Bull. 23), p. 213-16. 176 Cottony Maple Tree Scale Insect (Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rath.) Principal food plants : Maple, elm, grape. Treatment : Spray young in July with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap solution. A powerful stream of cold water or a stiff brush will dislodge many females. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 6th rep't, '90, p. 141-47 ; Felt, E. P., Comm fish, game and forests, 4th' rep't, '98, sep., p. 29-31; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, div ent., Bull. 22, new ser., 00, p. 8-16. 20 306 REPORT OF BOARD • OF GENERAL MANAGERS 177 Putnam's Scale Insect (Aspidiotus ancylus Putn.) Principal food plants : Maple, elm, currant, fruit trees. Treatment : Rarely injurious. Chief accessible articles : Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 136, '97, p. 593; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 46, '01, p. 326-30. 178 Aspidiotus dictyospermi Morg. A greenhouse species occurring on Areca lutescens. 179 Cherry Scale Insect (Aspidiotus forbesi Johns.) Principal food plants : Cherry and apple trees. Treatment : Spray infested trees in winter or early spring with a contact insecticide. Chief accessible article : Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 46, '01, p. 330-32. 180 Ivy Scale Insect (Aspidiotus hederae Vall.) Principal food plants : Common on ivy and a number of other greenhouse plants. Treatment : Sjpray infested plants with an ivory or whale oil soap solution. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '96, p. 203-4; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 46, '01, p. 333-36. 181 Aspidiotus lataniae Sign. A greenhouse species infesting palms. 182 European Fruit Tree Scale Insect (Aspidiotus ostreaeformis Curt.) Principal food plant : Plum. Treatment : Spray infested trees in winter or early spring with contact insecticides. Chief accessible article : Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 46, '01, p. 323-26. 183 San Jose Scale Insect (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.) Principal food plants : Fruit and many other trees and shrubs. Treatment : Spray infested trees in winter or early spring with whale oil soap or a mechanical emulsion of crude petroleum. Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '96, p. 200-33; Howard, L. O., and Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 4, n. s., '96, p. 1-80; Lowe, v. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station, Bull. 136, '97, p. 571-602; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 12, n. s., '98, p. 1-32; Felt, E. P., state entomologist, i6th rep't, '00, p. 967-88; , N. Y. state mus.. Bull. 46, '01, p. 304-23, 336-42. 184 Gloomy Scale Insect (Aspidiotus tenebricosus Comst.) A southern species infesting red maple. 185 Elm Aspidiotus (Aspidiotus ulmi Johns.) Principal food plant : Elm, rarely injurious. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 307 186 Grapevine Aspidiotus (Aspidiotus uvae Comst.) A southern species infesting grapevines. 187 Red Scale Insect of Florida (Chrysomphalus aonidum Linn.) Principal food plants : On palms and other greenhouse plants. Treatment : Wash or spray infested plants with a whale oil or other soap solution. 188 Xerophilaspis prosopidis Ckll. A southern species occurring on Prosopis velutina. 189 Catcus Scale Insect (Diaspis calyptroides Costa.) Found on cacti in greenhouses. 190 Juniper Scale Insect (Diaspis carueli Targ.) Found occasionally on juniper in New York State. 191 Peach Scale Insect (Diaspis pentagona Targ.) A dangerous subtropical species which has become established in localities in the southern United States. 192 Aulacaspis boisduvalii Sign. Found on greenhouse orchid. 193 Aulacaspis elegans Leon. A greenhouse species infesting Gycas revoluta, frequently called sago palm. 194 Rose Scale Insect (Aulacaspis rosae Sandb.) Principal food plants : Rose, blackberry, raspberry bushes. Treatment : Spray infested plants with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap solution. 195 Orange Chaff Scale Insect (Parlatoria pergandii Comst.) Chief food plants : Orange, tangerine. It is not limited to greenhouses in the north. 196 Orange Scale Insect (Mytilapsis citricola Pack.) Occurs on oranges in the. south and may infest trees kept in greenhouses in the north. 197 Apple Tree Bark Louse (Mytilaspis pomorum Bouch^) Principal food plants : Apple and many other trees. Treatment: Spray young about June i with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap solution. Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 4th rep't, '88, p. 114-20; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric. Yearbook, '94, p. 254-59; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 46, '01, p. 297-300. 308 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 198 Elm Chionaspis (Chionaspis americana Johns.) Rather common on American elm, rarely very injurious. 199 Euonymus Scale Insect (Chionaspis euonymi Comst.) Principal food plant : Euonymus or strawberry tree. 200 Scurfy Bark Louse (Chionaspis furfura Fitch) Principal food plant : Apple and other fruit trees. Treatment: Spray young about June i with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap solution. Chief accessible articles: Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric. Yearbook, '94, p. 259-61; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 46, '01, p. 300-304. 201 Pine Leaf Scale Insect (Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch) Attacks various pines, specially those growing in parks. Chief accessible notice : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '96, p. 203. 202 Hemichionaspis aspidistrae Sign. Infests ferns in greenhouses. Pore3t Insects (303-35 1) General works on the group : Fitch, ASa, Noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., 4th rep't, '57, p. 5-67 ; , 5th rep't, '58, p. 1-74 ; Packard, A. S., Forest insects, U. S. entomologi- cal commission, 5th rep't, '90, p. 1-957 ; Hopkins, A. D., Catalogue of West Virginia forest and shade tree insects, W. Va. agric. ex.p't station. Bull. 32, '93, p. 171-251; .Pre- liminary report on the insect enemies of forests in the northwest, U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 21, new ser., '99, p. 1-27. 203 Xiphydria provancheri Cr. A borer in paper birch, Adirondack region. 204 Carpenter Moth (Prionoxystus robiniae Peck) A serious enemy of maple and oak trees. 205 Pitch Pine Twig Tortrix (Retinia comstockiana Fern.) A twig borer causing considerable exudations of pitch. 206 Bronze Birch Borer (Agrilus anxius Gory.) Principal food plant : White birch, specially in parks. Treatment : Cut and burn badly infested trees. Chief accessible article : Chittenden, F. H., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 18, new ser., '98, p. 44-51- AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 309 207 Maple Tree Pruner (Elaphidion villosum Fabr.) Principal food plants : Maple, oak. Treatment : Gather and burn cut limbs in fall or early spring. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 9th rep't, '92, p. 35 7-6 t ; Felt, E. P., Fish, game and forest com., 4th rep't, sep., '98, p. 28-9. 208 Pine Sawyer (Monohammus confusor Kirby) Attacks pine and spruce. 209 Pine Sawyer (Monohammus scutellatus Say) Attacks pine. 210 Monohammus titillator Fabr. Attacks pine. 211 Poplar Borer (Saperda calcarata Say) A serious enemy of poplar in some localities. 212 Painted Hickory Borer (Cyllene pictus Drury) Attacks hickory. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 8th rep't, '91, p. 175-76. 213 Locust Borer (Cyllene robiniae Forst.) A serious enemy of locust trees. Chief accessible article : Hopkins, A. D., W. Va. agric. exp't station, Bull. 16, '91, p. 88. 214 Ribbed Rhagium (Rhagium lineatum Oliv.) Works under dead or dying pine bark. 215 White Pine Weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) Injures terminal shoots of pine. 216 Willow Snout Beetle (Cryptorhynchus lapathi Linn.) An introduced borer which injures poplar and willow. :Barl^ and Wood :5orers i^colYttds) General works on the group : Hopkins, A. D., Catalogue of West Virginia Scolytidae and their enemies, W. Va. agric. exp't station, Bull. 31, '93, p. 121-68; Hubbard, H. G., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 7, new ser., '97, p. 9-30. 217 Monarthrum mali Fitch Attacks beech, apple. Chief accessible article : Fitch, Asa, noxious and beneficial ins. N. Y., 3d rep't, '56, p. 8-9. 218 Gnathotrichus matenanus Fitch Attacks white and pitch pine. 3IO REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 219 Pityogenes species Attacks white pine. 220 Pityophthorus minutissimus Zimm. A bark miner of red oak. 221 Pityophthorus species Working in dead limbs of black birch. 222 Xyloterus politus Say Attacks beech and soft maple. 223 Xyloterus bivittatus Kirby Attacks balsam stumps. 224 Cryphalus striatus Mann. Attacks balsam, spruce and hemlock. 225 Dryocoetes eichhoffi Hopk. Taken under bark of yellow birch stump. 226 Dryocoetes species Working in bark of spruce logs. 227 Xylocleptes species Boring in partly decayed twigs of sugar maple. 228 Tomicus calligraphus Germ. Abundant in thicker bark of dying white and pitch pines. 229 Tomicus cacographus Lee. Works in the thinner bark of white and pitch pines. 230 Tomicus pini Say Sometimes abundant in bark of young white pines. 231 Tomicus balsameus Lee. A serious enemy of balsam trees. 232 Tomicus caelatus Rich. Works in the inner bark of white and pitch pines. 233 Spruce Bark Beetle (Polygraphus rufipennis Kirby) A serious enemy of the spruce and occurs occasionally in balsam trees. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 3 II 234 Phlaeosinus dentatus Say Attacks recently cut or dying arbor vitae. 235 Boring Dendroctonus (Dendoctronus terebrans Oliv.) Attacks pitch pine. 236 Pine Saw Fly (Lophyrus lecontei Fitch) Strips the needles from white pine. 237 Poplar Saw Fly (Trichiocampus viminalis Fall.) Attacks poplar. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 4th rep't, '88, p. 44-46. 238 Cherry Leaf Beetle (Galerucella cavicoUis Lee.) Feeds on wild cherry in Adirondacks ; occasionally it attacks cultivated trees. Treatment : Spray the foliage with an arsenical poison. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J A., state entomologist, nth rep't, '95, p. 197-98. 239 Locust Leaf Miner (Odontota dorsalis Thunb.) Attacks locust trees. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 264-67. 240 Forest Tent Caterpillar (Clisiocampa disstria Hiibn.) Chief food plants : Maple, elm, apple. Treatment : Protect birds, collect eggs, spray domesticated trees with an arsenica poison. Clhief accessible articles: Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't, '98, p. 191-201; , Fish, game and forest com., 4th rep't, sep., '98, p. 10-16; Lowe, V. H., N. Y. agric. exp't station. Bull. 159, '99, p. 33-60; Slingerland, M. V., Cornell agric. exp't station, Bull. 170, '99, p. 557-64; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc, Trans., '99. 59: 275-76; -, state entomologist, i6th rep't, '01, p. 994-98. A parasite of 240. A parasite of 240. A parasite of 240. A parasite of 240. 241 Pimpla conquisitor Say 242 Tachina mella Walk. 243 Theronia fulvescens Cress. 244 Pteromalus vanessae How. 312 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 245 Fall Web Worm (Hyphantria eunea Drury) Principal food plants : White elm, willow and poplar. Treatment : Spray infested limbs with an arsenical poison. Chief accessible articles : Riley, C. V,, U. S. dep't agric, div. ent., Bull. 10, '87, p. 33-53; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 375-76; Felt, E. P., Fish, game and forest com., 5th rep't, '99. 246 Orange Striped Oak Worm (Anisota senatoria Abb. & Sm.) Principal food plants : Various species of oak. Chief accessible article : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 5th rep't, '89, p. 192-200. 247 Hickory Tussock Moth (Halisidota caryae Harris) Principal food plants : Hickory, walnut, butternut. 248 Cherry Tree Tortrix (Cacoecia cerasivorana Fitch) Principal food plants ; Cherry, birch. 249 Birch Bucculatrix (Bucculatrix canadensisella Chamb.) Sometimes very injurious to white birch. 250 Maple Leaf Miner (Lithocolletis aceriella.Clem.) Attacks leaves of maple and witch hazel. 251 Seventeen Year Cicada (Cicada septendecim Linn.) Injures twigs of many trees by cutting slits in them for the reception of eggs. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 272-89; Marlatt, C. L., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent.. Bull. 14, '98, p. 148. 3l)ade Tree Insects (z^z-Z6X) 252 Maple Tree Borer (Plagionotus speciosus Say) Principal food plants : Sugar maple trees. Treatment : Dig out the young borers. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 237-48; Felt, E. P., Fish, game and forest com., 4th rep't, sep. '98, p. 22-28; , N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 277-78. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 313 • 253 Leopard Moth (Zeuzera pyrina Fabr.) Chief food plants : Attacks a large number of trees. Treatment : Destroy females, dig out young borers, kill larger ones in burrows with carbon bisulfid. Chief accessible article : Felt, E. P., Fish, game and forest com., 4th rep't, sep., '98, p. 16-20. 254 Elm Bark Borer (Saperda tridentata Oliv.) Principal food plant : American elm. Treatment : Cut and burn badly infested trees or limbs. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 243-48; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state agric. soc. Trans., '99, 59: 278-79; , Fish, game and forest com., Sth rep't, '99, p. 385-87- 255 Elm Snout Beetle (Magdalis barbita Say) Principal food plant : American elm. Treatment : Cut and burn badly infested limbs. Chief accessible notices : Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus.. Bull. 37, 00, p. 22; , Fish, game and forest com., 5th rep't, '99, p. 386-87. 256 Pigeon Tremex (Tremex columba Linn.) Principal food plants : Diseased maples and elms. Chief accessible notices : Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus., Bull. 20, '98, p. 18-19 ! > Fish, game and forest com., 4th rep't, '98, p. 25-26. 257 Lunate Long Sting (Thalessa lunator Fabr.) A parasite of 256. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 4th rep't, '88, p. 35-41 ; Felt, E. P., Fish, forest and game com., 4th rep't, sep., '98, p. 25-26. 258 Elm Bark Louse (Gossyparia ulmi Geoff.) Chief food plant : European elm. Treatment : Brush or wash off the bark lice, spray in July or early spring with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 292-98 ; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus.. Bull. 20, '98, p. 10-18 ; , Fish, game and forest com., 5th rep't, '99, p. 388-91. ;I4 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 259 Elm Leaf Beetle (Galerucella luteola Mull.) • Principal food plant : European elm. Treatment : Spray infested trees with arsenical poisons. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 5th rep't, '89, p. 234-42 ; , nth rep't, '95, p. 189-96 ; Howard, L. O., U. S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 363-68 ; Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, 12th rep't, '96, p. 253-64; Felt, E. P., N. Y. state mus.. Bull. 20, '98, p. 1-43 ; -, 14th rep't, '98, p. 232-35 ; , N. Y. state agric. soc, Trans., '99, p. 59 ; , Fish, game and forest com., 5th rep't, '99, p. 369-73. 260 Spined Soldier Bug (Podisus spinosius Dall.) An enemy of 259. 261 Fungus Disease (Sporotrichum entomophilum Peck) An enemy of 259. 262 White Marked Tussock Moth (Notolophus leucostigma Abb. & Sm.) Principal food plants: Korse chestnut, linden, maple and elm trees. Treatment : Collect and destroy egg masses, spray infested trees with arsenical poisons. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist,'2d rep't, '85, p. 68-89; 1 nth rep't, '95, p. 124-6; Howard, L. O., U.S. dep't agric, Yearbook, '95, p. 368-75; Felt, E. P., state entomologist, 14th rep't, '98, p. 163-76; , Fish, forest and game com., 4th rep't, Sep., '98, p. 4-10. 263 Pimpla conquisitor Say A parasite of 262. ' 264 Tachina mella Walk. A parasite of 262. 265 Bag Worm (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Haw.) Principal food plants : Arbor vitae, red cedar. Treatment : Handpicking, spray with arsenical poisons. Chief accessible articles : Lintner, J. A., state entomologist, ist rep't, '82, p. 81-87; Riley, C. V,., U. S. dep't agric, div. ent. Bull. 10, '87,' p. 22-28; Felt, E. P., Fish, game and forest com., 5th rep't, '99, p. 374-77- 266 Spiny Elm Caterpillar (Euvanes.sa antiopa Linn.) Principal food plants : Elm, willow, poplar. Treatment : Spray infested trees with arsenical poisons. Chief accessible articles : Weed, C. M., N. H. agric. exp't station, Bull. 67, '99, p. 125-41; Felt, E. P., Fish, game and forest com., 5th rep't, '99", p. 381-83. 267 Pteromalus fuscipes Prov. A parasite of 266. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 315 Wor^ of (lall Insects (Z^^-Z^Y) ciattis of 3av Pties (Tefltbredinidae) 268 Willow Apple Gall (Pontania pomum Walsh) Poar Winged (iatl Pties (Cvnipidae) 269 Mealy Rose Gall (Rhodites ignota O.S.) 270 Mossy Rose Gall (Rhodites rosae Linn.) 271 Large Oak Apple (Amphibolips confluentus Harr.) 272 Black Scrub Oak Apple (Amphibolips ilicifoliae Bass.) 273 Oak Plum Gall (Amphibolips prunus Walsh) 274 Gall of Wool Sower (Andricus seminator Harr.) 275 Oak Leaf Stalk Gall (Andricus petiolicola Bass.) 276 Oak Wool Gall (Andricus lana Fitch) 277 Woolly Oak Gall (Andricus operator O. S.) 278 Fuzzy Chestnut Leaf Gall (? Cynips prinoides Beutm.) 279 Lobed Oak Gall (Cynips strobilana O. S.) 280 Cynips decidua Bass. 281 Oak Fig Gall (Biorhiza fortcornis Walsh) 282 Larger Empty Oak Apple (Holcaspis inanis O. S.) 283 Bullet Gall (Holcaspis globulus Fitch) 284 Rough Bullet Gall (Holcaspis duricola Bass.) 285 Oak Leaf Bullet Gall (Dryophanta polita Bass.) 286 Oak Potato Gall (Neuroterus batatus Fitch) Tvo Winged (iall Pties (Diptera) (iatt (inats (Cecidomtiidae) 287 Hickory Leaf Gall (Cecidomyia holotricha O. S.) 288 Willow Cone Gall (Cecidomyia strobiloides O. S.) 289 Balsam Leaf Gall (Cecidomyia balsamicola Lintn.) 3l6 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Tfvpetid (iatts. 290 Small Solidago Gall (Trypeta polita Loew.) 291 Large Solidago Gall (Trypeta solidago Fitch) PsyUM ciatls (Ps^Widae) 292 Hackberry Leaf Gall (Pachypsylla celtidis-mamma Riley) (iaUs of Plant L,ioe (Apljididae) 293 Witch Hazel Gall (Hormaphis hamamelidis Fitch) 294 Cockscomb Elm Gall (Colopha ulmicola Fitch) 295 Poplar Leaf Stem Gall (Pamphigus populi-transversus Riley) 296 Phylloxera Galls (Phylloxera vitifoliae Fitch) 297 Larch Aphid Gall (Chermes abietis Linn.) ^ee and Wasp Famil-^ (H-^menoptera) (39S-354.) Long- .ToncfQed ^gees (Apidae) 298 Honey Bee (Apis mellifica Linn.) 299 Bombus virginicus Oliv. 300 Bombus vagans Smith 301 Bombus terricola Kirby 302 Bombus ternarius Say 303 Bombus fervidus Fabr. 304 Psithyrus elatus Fabr. 305 Psithyrus ashtoni Cr. 306 Xylocopa virginica Drury 307 Clisodon terminalis Cr. 308 Melissodes perplexa Cr. 309 Melissodes aurigenia Cr. 310 Ceratina dupla Say AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 317 311 Megachile montivaga Cr. 312 Megachile melanophaea Smith 313 Megachile latimanus Say 314 Alcidamea producta Cr. 315 Andronicus cylindricus Cr. 316 Ostnia lignaria Say 317 Stelis lateralis Cr. 3I)ort Tongaed gees (Andrcnidae) 318 Andrena vicina Smith 319 Andrena nubecula Smith 320 Andrena forbesii Rob. 321 Andrena crataegi Rob. 322 Augochlora pura Say 323 Halictus zephyrus Smith 324 Halictus pilosus Smith 325 Halictus confusus Smith 326 Sphecodes arvensis Pttn. 327 Prosopis elliptica Kirby ,328 Prosopis affinis Smith 329 Colletes inaequalis Say ,3ocial Wasps (Vespidae) 330 Vespa vulgaris Linn. 331 White Faced Hornet (Vespa maculata Linn.) 332 Vespa germanica Fabr. 333 Yellow Jacket (Vespa diabolica Sauss.) 334 Vespa consobrina Sauss. 335 Vespa arenaria Fabr. 336 Common Wasp (Polistes pallipes St Farg.) 3l8 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 3olitarY Wajsps (i^amenidcte) 337 Odynerus unifasciatus Sauss. 338 Odynerus philadelphiae Sauss. Crabronidae 339 Crabro trifasciatus Say 340 Crabro 6-maculatus Say 341 Crabro producticollis Pack. 342 Crabro interruptus St Farg. PempI)redonidae 343 Pemphredon concolor Say Philantftidae 344 Cerceris dentifrons Cr. 345 Philanthus bilunatus Cr. NYSSonidae 346 Hoplisus phaleratus Say igembeddae 347 Monedula ventralis Say 348 Monedula 4-fasciata Say 349 Microbembex monodonta Say 350 Bembex fasciata Fabr. Tf)read Waisted Wasps (3pl)ecidae) 351 Sphex ichneumonea Linn. 352 Isodontia philadelphica St Farg. 353 Mud Dauber (Chalybion caeruleum Linn.) 354 Mud Dauber (Pelopoeus caementarius Drury) 355 Ammophila gracilis St Farg. 356 Ammophila communis Cr. AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 319 ,3pider Wasps (Pompitidae) 357 Pompilus marginatus Say 358 Pompilus aethiops Cr. 3coliidae 359 Myzine sexcincta Fabr. 360 Tiphia inornata Say Ants (Pormicidae) 361 Camponotus herculaneus Linn. Cacl^oo Plies (Cftrvsi^Wae) 362 PChrysis species Petecinidae 363 Pelecinus polyturator Drury CI)alds-Plies (Cbalcididae) 364 Dibrachys boucheanus Ratz. 365 Pteromalus vanessae How. 366 Pteromalus cuproideus How. 367 Isosoma captivum How. ^Braconidae 368 Apanteles congregatus Say Ici)neamon Pties (Icftneamonidae) 369 Pimpla inquisitor Say, 370 Lunate Long-Sting (Thalessa lunator Fabr.) 371 Black Long-Sting (Thalessa atrata Fabr.) 372 Opheltes glaucopterus Linn. 373 Exochilum mundum Say 374 Ophion purgatum Say 320 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 375 Cryptus nuncius Say 376 Ichneumon laetus Brulld 377 Foenus tarsatorius Say cialt Pties (C^nipMae) 378 Holcaspis dericola Bass Horntaits (Uroceridae) 379 Pigeon Tremex (Treraex columba Linn.) 380 Xiphydria provancheri Cr. 381 Currant Stem Girdler (Janus integer Nort.) 3av Plies (Tentf)fediiiidae) 382 Tenthredo rufipes Fabr. 383 Allantus basilaris Say 384 American Saw-fly (Cimbex americana Leach) beetles (Coleoptera) (355-597) Antftribidae 385 Cratoparis lunatus Fabr. garl^ gorers (^colvtidae) 386 Phloeotribus frontahs Oliv. 387 Spruce Bark Beetle (Polygraphus rufipennis Kirby) 388 Fruit Tree Bark Beetle (Scolytus rugulosus Ratz.) 389 Tomicus. balsameus Lee. 390 Tomicus pini Say 391 Tomicus calligraphus Germ. 392 Xyloterus politus Say 393 Pityogenes species y. <; AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 32 1 394 Pityophthorus minutissimus Zimm. 395 Pityophthorus species ]giU :5Qg3 (Calandridae) 396 Grain Weevil (Calandra granaria Linn.) 397 Eupsalis minuta Drury 3nottt geettes (Carcalionidae) 398 Mononychus vulpeculus Fabr. 399 Willow Snout Beetle (Crytorhynchus lapathi Linn.) 400 Plum Curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar Herbst) 401 Elm Snout Beetle (Magdalis armicoUis Say) 402 Rhubarb Curculio (Lixus concavus Say) 403 Punctured Clover Leaf Weevil (Phytonomus punctatus Fabr.) 404 New York Weevil (Ithycerus noveboracensis Forst.) 3carred 3noQt :5eetle3 (Otiorl)Yncf)idae) 405 Aphrastus taeniatus Gyll. RI)tiicf)itidae 406 Rhynchites bicolor Fabr. l^tister :5eetles (neloidae) 407 Say's Blister Beetle (Pomphopoea sayi Lee.) 408 Black Blister Beetle (Epicauta pennsylvanica DeG.) 409 Striped Blister Beetle (Epicauta vittata Fabr.) 410 Meloe angusticoUis Say Antl)iddae 411 Notoxus anchora Hentz. ■'• P^^idae 412 Pytho americanus Kirby 21 322 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS AetandrYidae 413 Penthe obliquata Fabr. Darl^tihg^ :geetteis (TenebrionMae) 414 Forked Fungus Beetle (Boletotherus bifurcus Fabr.) 415 Hopldcephala bicornis Oliv. 416 Meal Worm (Tenebrio molitor Linn.) 417 Scotobates calcaratus Fabr. 418 Upis ceramboides Linn- 419 Iphthimus opacus Lee. 420 Alobates pennsylvanica DeG. Weevils (:5rQCl)Mae) 421 Bean Weevil (Bruchus obtectus Say) I^eaf igeettes {CI)i'YiSometidae) 422 Argus Beetle (Chelymorpha argus Licht.) 423 Clubbed Tortoise Beetle (Coptocycla clavata Fabr. 424 Spotted Tortoise Beetle (Coptocycla signifera Herbst) 425 Golden Tortoise Beetle (Coptocycla bieolor Fabr.) 426 Disonycha caroliniana Fabr. 427 Elm Leaf Beetle (Galerucella luteola Mull.) 428 Trirhabda canadensis Kirby 429 Striped Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica vittata Fabr.) 430 Willow Leaf Beetle (Lina scripta Fabr.) 431 Gastroidea polygoni Linn. 432 Chrysomela bigsbyana Kirby 433 Chrysomela philadelphica Linn. 434 Chrysomela scalaris Lee. •£'^?y AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 323 435 Chrysomela elegans Oliv. 436 Chrysomela similis Rog. 437 Potato Beetle (Doryphora lo-lineata Say) 438 Three Spotted Doryphora (Doryphora clivicollis Kirby) 439 Gold Gilt Beetle (Chrysochus auratus Fabr.) 440 Chlamys plicata Fabr. • 441 Twelve Spotted Asparagus Beetle (Crioceris 12-punctata Linn.) 442 Asparagus Beetle (Crioceris asparagi Linn.) 443 Three Lined Lema (Lema trilineata Oliv.) 444 Donacia fern oralis Kirby Long Horned Wood :5orers (Cerambv^ddae) 445 Spotted Milkweed Beetle (Tetraopes tetraopthalmus Forst.) 446 Saperda puncticoUis Say 447 Saperda lateralis Fabr. 448 Saperda vestita Say 449 Liopus variegatus Hald. 450 Monohammus maculosus Hald. 451 Leptura vittata Germ. 452 Leptura proxima Say 453 Leptura vagans Oliv. 454 Leptura rubrica Say 455 Leptura canadensis Fabr. 456 Leptura cordifera Oliv. 457 Typocerus velutinus Oliv. 458 Cloaked Knotty Horn (Desmocerus palliatus Forst.) 459 Euderces picipes Fabr. 460 Clytanthus ruricola Oliv. 461 Neoclytus erythrocephalus Fabr. 324 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 462 Xylotrechus undulatus Say 463 Xylotrechus colonus Fabr. 464 Arhopalus fulminans Fabr. 465 Phymatodes variabilis Fabr. 466 Physocnemum brevilineum Say 467 Criocephalus agrestis Kirby "468 Broad Necked Prionus (Prionus laticollis Drury) 469 Straight Bodied Prionid (Orthosoma brunneum Forst.) 3pondYMae 470 Parandra brunnea Fabr. lyamellicorn :5eette3 (,$carabaeidae) 471 Trichius afifinis Gory 472 Rough Flower Beetle (Osmodenna scabra Beauv.) 473 Hermit Flower Beetle (Osmoderma eremicola Knoch.) 474 Green June Beetle (Allorhina nitida Linn.) 475 Spotted Grapevine Beetle (Pelidnota punctata Linn.) 476 Light Loving Grapevine Beetle (Anon:iala lucicola Fabr.) 477 June Beetle (Lachnosterna tristis Fabr.) 478 Earth Boring Dung Beetle (Geotrupes egeriei Germ.) 479 Dung Beetle (Aphodius fimetarius Linn.) 480 Tumble Bug (Copris anaglypticus Say) 481 Tumble Bug (Canthon laevis Drury) .3tag geettes (Lacanidae) 482 Horned Passalus (Passalus cornutus Fabr.) 483 Antelope Beetle (Dorcus parallelus Say) 484 Stag Beetle (Lucanus dama Thunb.) AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 325 CI)eCJ^ered geetle? (Cteridae) 485 Clerus analis Lee. 486 Trichodes nuttalli Kirby Fireflies (Isamp^ndae) 487 Soldier Beetle (Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus DeG.) 488 Photuris pennsylvanica DeG. 489 Ellychnia corrusca Linn. 490 Eros aurora Herbst. 491 Calopteron reticulatum Fabr. Plat Headed Wood gorers (Igaprestidae) 492 Bronze Birch Borer (Agrilus anxius Gory.) 493 Gouty Gall Beetle (Agrilus ruficollis Fabr.) 494 Chrysobothris dentipes Germ. 495 Banded Buprestid (Buprestis fasciata Fabr.) 496 Dicerca divaricata Say 497 Chalcophora liberta Germ. 498 Chalcophora virginiensis Drury ^napping- beetles (l^lateridae) 499 Asaphes baridius Say 500 Corymbites hieroglyphicus Say 501 Corymbites vernalis Hentz. 502 Ludius abruptus Say 503 Elater nigricollis Herbst, 504 Alaus myops Fabr. 505 Owl Beetle (Alaus oculatus Linn.) 506 Adelocera brevicornis Lee. 326 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Nitidtttidae 507 Banded Ips (Ips quadriguttatus Fabr.) 508 Omosita colon Linn. 509 Nitidula bipustulata Linn. Higteridae J. 510 Hister lecontei Mars. 511 Hister americanus Payk. 512 Hister furtivus Say 513 Hister abbreviatus Fabr. Dermestids (Dermestidae) 514 Anthrenus verbasci Linn. 515 Buffalo, Carpet Beetle (Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn.) 516 Black Carpet Beetle (Attagenus piceus Oliv.) 517 Larder Beetle (Dermestes lardarius Linn.) 518 Dermestes caninus Germ. 519 Pale Brown Byturus (Byturus unicolor Say) CQc^ttjids (CttCQJidae) 520 Brontes dubius Fabr. 521 Cathartus gemellatus Duv. 522 Corn Silvanus (Silvanus surinamensis Linn.) ^ftrot^tidae 523 Megalodacne heros Say LadY ^ag^s (CoccineUidae) 524 Northern Lady Bug (Epilachna borealis Fabr.) 525 Brachyacantha ursina Fabr. 526 Twice Stabbed Lady Bug (Chilocorus bivulnerus Muls.) 527 Fifteen Spotted Lady Bug (Anatis ocellata Linn.) AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 327 528 Two Spotted Lady Bug (Adalia bipunctata Linn.) 529 Coccinella sanguinea Linn. 530 Nine Spotted Lady Bug (Coccinella 9-notata Herbst.) 531 Three Banded Lady Bug (Coccinella trifasciata Linn.) 532 Parenthetical Lady Bug (Hippodamia parenthesis Say) 533 Thirteen Spotted Lady Bug (Hippodamia 13-punctata Linn.) 534 Convergent Lady Bug (Hippodamia convergens Guer.) 535 Spotted Lady Bug (Megilla maculata DeG.) Rove geettes {^tlL])i)X'^iai \ o "A Q I ^ W ;< O Oh AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 337 gag^ Wornr I\oti)$ (Pstcf)idae) 747 Bag Worm Moth (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Haw.) Prominents (NotodontMae) 748 Cerura cinerea Walk. Ciiant 3it]^ Worms (^atamiidae) 749 Luna Moth (Tropaea luna Linn.) 750 lo Moth (Automeris io Fabr.) Ro^al notI)5 (CitfteroniJdae) 751 Regal Moth "(Citheronia regalis Fabr.) 752 Rosy Anisota (Anisota rubicunda Fabr.) Lasiocampidae 753 Tent Caterpillar Moth (Clisiocampa americana Fabr.) Carpenter Aotfts (Cossidae) 754 Carpenter Moth (Prionoxystus robiniae Peck) C^matoptiodidae 755 Thyatira scripta Gosse. Ovtet notI)S (Noctttidae) 756 Acronycta americana Harr. 757 Feltia subgothica Haw. 758 Xylophasia arctica Boisd. 759 Trigonophora periculosa Guen. 760 Leucania pallens Linn. 761 Pyramidal Grapevine Caterpillar (Amphipyra pyramidoides Guen.) 762 Orthosia helva Grt. 763 Cirroedia pampina Guen. 764 Scoliopteryx libatrix Linn. 22 338 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 765 Scopelosoma indirecta Walk. 766 Cucullia asteroides Guen. 767 Cotton Worm Moth (Aletia argillacea Hubn.) 768 Plusia balluca Geyer 769 Plusia mortuorum Guen. 770 Boll Worm Moth (Heliothis armiger Hiibn.) 771 Alaria florida Guen. 772 Melaporphyria immortua Grt. 773 Erastria concinnimacula Guen. 774 Catocala cerogama Guen. 775 Catocala ultronia Hiibn. 776 Catocala unijuga Walk. 777 Catocala cara Guen. 778 Parallelia bistriaris Hiibn. 779 Panapoda rufimargo van carneicosta Guen. 780 Zale horrida Hiibn. 781 Horaoptera lunata Druiy 782 Homoptera minerea Guen. AeasQring Worms (cieometridae) 783 Sabulodes transversata Drury 784 Tetracis crocallata Guen. 785 Metanema inatomaria Guen. 786 Caberodes confusaria Hubn. 787 Ennomos subsignarius Hiibn. 788 Azelina peplaria Hiibn. 789 Euchlaena effectaria Walk. 790 Xanthotype crocataria Fabr. 791 Plagodis phlogosaria Guen. ' AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 792 Synchlora glaucaria Guen. 793 Deilinia erythremaria Guen. 794 Eudeilinia Pherminiata Guen. 795 Orthofidonia semiclarata Walk. 796 Sciagraphia mellistrigata Grt. 797 Caripeta angustiorata Walk. 798 Epelis faxonii Minot 799 Cingjlia catenaria Cram. 800 Nepytia semiclusaria Walk. 801 Lycia cognataria Guen. 802 Euchoeca albovittata Guen. 803 Eucymatoge intestinata Guen. 804 Eustroma diversilineatum Hubn. 805 Mesoleuca hersiliata Guen. 806 Mesoleuca ruficiliata Guen. 807 Mesoleuca lacustrata Guen. 808 Gypsochroa designata Bork. P^raastidae 809 Grape Leaf Folder (Desmia funeralis Hiibn.) 810 Pyrausta theseusalis Walk. 811 Pantographa limata Grt. & Rob. 812 Evergestis straminalis Hubn. 813 Cataclysta ? opulentalis Led. PI)YCitidae 814 Acrobasis rubrifasciella Pack. Ctose Wings (Crambidae) 815 Argyria nivalis Drury 816 Wide Striped Crambus (Crambus unistriatellus Pack.) 339 340 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 817 Crambus hastiferellus Walk. 818 Unmarked Crambus (Crambus perlellus Scop.) 819 Dark Spotted Crambus (Crambus mutabilis Clem.) Plttme I\oti)S (PteropI)oridae) 820 Platyptilia ochrodactyla Hubn. 821 Grapevine Plume Moth (Oxyptilus periscelidactylus Fitch) Iveaf Rollers (Tortricidae) 822 Teras logiana var. viburnana Clem. 823 Oblique Banded Leaf Roller (Cacoecia rosaceana Harr.) 824 Ugly Nest Tortricid (Cacoecia cerasivorana Fitch) 825 V Marked Tortrix (Cacoecia argyrospila Walk.) 826 Cenopis reticulatana Clem. Cirapi)olitftidae 827 Rose Leaf Tyer (Penthina nimbatana Clem.) Tineina 828 Angoumois Grain Moth (Sitotroga cerealella Oliv.) Caddice Ptieg (Tricl)optera) (S39-S3T) 829 Platyphylax subfasciata Say Scorpion Plies (Aecopfera) 830 Panorpa rufescens Ramb. 831 Bittacus strigosus Hagen Nearoptera 832 Ant Lion (Myrmeleon immaculatus DeGeer) 833 Polystoechotes punctatus Fabr. 834 Lace Winged Fly (Chrysopa Pperla) 835 Sialis infirma Newm. 836 Corydalis cornuta Linn. 837 Comb Horned Fish Fly (Chauliodes serraticornis Say) AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. Tme ^ags (Hemiptera) (S^S-SSl) lycaf Hoppers ( Jassidae) 838 Grapevine Leaf Hopper (Typhlocyba comes Say) 839 Red Lined Leaf Hopper (Diedrocephala coccinea Forst.) Tree Hoppers (Aembracidae) 840 Woodbine Telamona (Telamona ampelopsidis Harr.) 841 Two Spotted Enchenopa (Enchenopa binotata Say) 842 Stictocephala inermis Fabr. 843 Buffalo Tree Hopper (Ceresa bubalus Fabr.) ,3pittte Insects (Ce:rcopidae) 844 Lepyronia Four Angularis Say Cicadas (Cicadldae) 845 Dog Day Cicada (Cicada tibicen Linn.) Lantern Pt-^ Paniil-^'(pQt^oridae) 846 Ormenis pruinosa Say Plant Lice (Apl)ididae) 847 Cherry Aphis (Myzus cerasi Fabr.) 848 Pemphigus acerifolii Riley Water :5oatmen (Corixidae) 849 Corixa interrupta Say Igacl^ 3vinimers (Notonectidae) 850 Notonecta undulata Say Water Scorpions (Nepidae) 851 Nepa apiculata Uhl. Ciiant Water gags (Se:tostomidae) 852 Belostoma americanum Leidy 853 Zaitha aurantiacum Leidy 341 342 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS Water 3triders (H^drobafidae) 854 Hygrotrechus conformis Uhl. 855 Limmoporus rufoscutellatus Lat. Redttviidae 856 Kissing Bug (Opsicoetus personatus Linn.) 857 Acholla multispinosa DeG. AmbttsI) S^^s (PI)vniatidae) 858 Phymata wolffii Stal. Leaf :gttgs (Capsidae) 859 Tarnished Plant Bug (Lygus pratensis Linn.) 860 Calocoris rapidus Say 861 Garganus fusiformis Say 862 Capsus ater Linn. 863 Four Lined Leaf Bug (Poecilocapsus lineatus Fabr.) 864 Leptopterna dolobrata Linn. 865 Brachytropis calcarata Fall. Cbinc^ gag Pamitt (h'^gSiZiiiLz) 866 Lygaeus turcicus Fabr. 867 Chinch Bug (Blissus leucopterus Say) 3q:aasf) gag Pamilv (Coreidae) 868 Box Elder Plant Bug (Leptocoris trivittatus Say) 869 Squash Bug (Anasa tristis DeG.) 3tml^ gag Family (Pentatomidae:) 870 Nezara hilaris Say 871 Harlequin Cabbage Bug (Murgantia histrionica Hahn.) 872 Juniper Plant Bug (Pentatoma juniperina Linn.) AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 873 Euschistus fissilis Uhl. 874 Mormidea lugens Fabr. 875 Cosmopepla carnifex Fabr. 876 Podisus serieventris Uhl. 877 Podisus cynicus Say :garrowing Igags (Ctdnidae) 878 Canthophorus cinctus Beauv. >3f)ietd i^acl^ed ^ags (^3cttteUeridae) 879 Eurygaster alternatus Say l^ice (Pedicatidae) 880 Short Nosed Cattle Louse (Haematopinus eurysternus Nitzsch) 881 Hog Louse (Haematopinus urius Nitzsch) Tl)t-ips (P^qgopoda) 882 Onion Thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) (irassI)oppers, J^oCctsts (Ortl)optera) (S 53-^03) 36ort Horned Cirassftoppers (Acrididae) 883 Green Striped Locust (Chortophaga viridifasciata DeG.) 884 Clouded Locust (Encoptolophus sordidus Burm.) 885 Carolina Locust (Dissosteira Carolina Linn.) 886 Red Legged Locust (Melanoplus femur rubrum DeG.) 887 Lesser Migratory Locust (Melanoplus atlanis Riley) 888 Melanoplus femoratus Burm. 889 Coral Winged Locust (Hippiscus tuberculatus Beauv.) 890 Pellucid Locust (Camnula pellucida Scudd.) 891 Circotettix verruculatus Scudd. 343 344 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS lyong Horned (irassftoppers (lyocastidae) 892 Oblong Leaf Winged Katydid (Amblycorypha oblongifolia DeG.) 893 Broad Winged Katydid (Cyrtophyllus concavus Harr.) 894 Cone Headed Katydid (Conocephalus ensiger Harr.) 895 Spotted Wingless Grasshopper (Ceuthophilus maculatus Say) Criol^ets (. -■,',t.v: - 56 50 15. Geo. A. Smith, dairy, - , ,- 146 06 0. L. Hershiser, apiarian, ... 252 31 A. L. Parsons, scientific, ;- - 75 60 J. H. Johnson, care and maintenance, - - - 75 60 George Dietrich, - 75 75 17. S. D. Willard, fruit, ' ■ 57 85 W. A. Frank, apiarian, ■ - - 30 00 S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, $197.60; dairy expenses, $12.45; fruit, $44.80; apiarian, $4.15; agricultural, $8.30; scientific, $5, , F. J. H. Merrill, scientific, A. L. Parsons, 19. O. L. Hershiser, apiarian, John McCann, agricultural, 23. S. W. Petrie, expense, $6; care and maintenance, $6; fruit, $2.60, S. D. Willard, fruit, 25. S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, 27. George Gary, architect, Wm. Heinrich's Sons, installation, S. D. Willard, fruit, - - ■ - Buffalo School Furniture Works, fruit, $774; agricultural, $1,309.10, - - ,2,083 10 Aug. 3, S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, $302.48; care and maintenance, $6; expense, $100, A. L. Parsons, scientific, 6. C. Berrick's Sons, contractors, S. W. Petrie, office, J. J. Cunningham, care and maintenance, Frank E. Sheldon, Geo. J. Yaeckel, scientific, John H. Johnson, care and maintenance, Joseph Bush, Chas. E. Glynn, . . . . = Carried forward. -•. 272 30 325 91 60 00 816 36 134 67 111.28; office,. 125 88 218 90 212 94 1,500 00 120 00 - 42 65 408 48 192 05 22,879 20 250 00 i°S CO 85 CO . 85 00 75 90 75 00 75 00 $183,424 80 AT THE PAN AMERICAN EXPOSITION. ^6l 1901. Brought: forward, ,„„.„. Aug. 6. Geo. Dietrich; -.,-.. E. D. Kilburn, Thos. H. Tracy, ■ F; W. Gethoefer, Geo. A. Smith, dairy expenses, H. G. Hitbard, ' - - - F. E. Dawley, fruit, James G. Patterson, S. T. Lewis, J. W. Coughtry, John M. Deegan, S. V. Ryan, W. A. Frank, apiarian, - - - - Stanley Mkrtin, agricultural, - - . _ L. Kissinger, - - - - R. R. Coley, . . „ - E. L. McClure, scientific, ' ... W. H. Johnson, . ., ) . Arthur L. Parsons, B. R. Newton, office, $150; traveling, $11.85, Frank S. Coit, office, $i"s6; care and maintenance, $8.40, S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, $144.54; expense, $58, 14. John McCann, agricultural, O. L. Hershiser, apiarian, 21. S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, ' 26. Randolph McNutt, building (chairs), The Oxley & Enos Co., electric light fixtures, Frank Kuhn, expenses (music), Wm. Heinrich's Sons, installation, G. E. More, care and maintenance, Buffalo Cold Storage Co., dairy, $186.17; fruit, $249.19, S. D. Willard, fruit, A. L. Parsons, scientific, S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, $340.45; office, $29.50, 27. C. E. Brinkworth, expense, Sept. 5. D. E. Morgan, Son & Co., fruit expense, $10; agricultural, i entific, $3, Exposition Ice Co., care and maintenance, ^183,424 80 75 °o 50 00 40 00 32 5° 193 66 75 °o 194 37 80 GO 76 IS 75 65 75 00 75 °° 60 GO 40 00 60 00 75 °o 55 °° 60 GO 75 °o 161 85 164 40 202 54 142 10 254 89 324 77 361 15 75° °° 60 00 70 00 13 5° 435 36 63 45 109 62 369 95 67 GO 19 GO 14 75 Carried forward. $188,476 46 362 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 1901. Brought forward, . . . . Sept. 5. Broderick & Wade, agricultural, F. T. Coppins & Sons, installation, S. W. Petrie, expenses (postage stamps), 7. D. E. Morgan, S. & A. Co., building (furniture), J. C. Sterns & Co., installation, - ■ Exposition Ice Co., J. D. Hope, The Wm. Herlgeref Co., care and maintenance, G. E. More, Jas. D. Warren's Sons, Buffalo Glass Co, D. J. Stickney Co., The Geo. Irish Paper Co., - S. W. Petrie, Frank E. Sheldon, - - - Geo. Dietrich, J. J. Cunningham, John H. Johnson, care and maintenance, George J. Yaeckel, Joseph Bush, Thos. H. Tracy, - - E. D. Kilburn, J. D. Hope, - . ... S. V. Ryan, Chas. E. Glynn, - - - E. L. McClure, Frank W. Gethoefer, F. J. Kennedy, B. R. Newton, office, S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, $4.74; office, $260, Frank S.Coit, care and maintenance, $6.05; office, $155, Geo. A. Smith, dairy, H. G. Hibbard, M. E. Smith, fruit, John M. Deegan, J. W. Cough try, - ..... S. T. Lewis, .,,... Jas. G. Patterson, - ,..,, = „ Carried forward, - „ = . - $188,476 46 2,000 00 704 00 300 00 300 00 735 60 24 83 6^ 89 20 17 9 00 12 5° 3 95 93 60 14 00 370 10 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 CO 27 50 151 50 264 74 161 °5 132 92 75 00 5° 00 75 00 75. 00 75 00 80 00 $195,256 81 AT THE PAN AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 363 1901. Brought forward, .... Sept. 7. H. N. Lapham, .... F. E. Dawley, .... O. L. Hershiser, apiarian, . - . . R. R. Coley, agricultural, L. Kissinger, - - - - - Stanley Martin, - - - - John McCann, W. H. Johnson, scientific, 12. ¥'. E. Dawley, fruit, - A. L. Parsons, scientific, 24. Russell & Watson, building. The Courier Co., care and maintenance, D. J. Stickney Co., C. B. Jameson, D. E. Morgan, S. & A. Co., Bell Telephone Co., office, Wm. Heinrich's Sons, care and maintenance, 26. S. W. Petrie, expense (advertising), N. L. & H. V. Barr, care and maintenance, S. W. Petrie, Wells, Fargo & Co., installation, S. D. Willard, fruit, W. A. Frank, apiarian, J. H. Durkee, agricultural, A. L. Parsons, scientific, - S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, Oct. 10. W. W. Clark, expenses Board General Managers, Frank Kuhn, Wm. Scott, Frank S. Coit, H. H. Baker & Co., care and maintenance, John Brendel, Deuther & Beck, Exposition Ice Co., The Geo. Irish Paper Co., Office Toilet Supply Co., M. F. Windsor & Co., Joseph Bush, . . . - . $195,256 81 82 ■5° 164 5° 194 95 75 00 60 00 75 00 147 76 60 00 73 01 75 00 50 00 27 50 79 10 17 14 33 21 12 90 52 60 837 5° 17 so 387 60 37 73 93 04 60 00 442 50 41 60 632 94 60 00 65 00 62 00 22 25 43 50 16 00 9 00 36 76 10 IS 26 71 7 92 75 00 Carried forward, -.-...-- $199,521 08 364 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 1901. Brought forward, Oct, 10. J.J.Cunningham, Frank W. Gethoefer, Chas. E. Glynn, E. M. Hewitt, J. D. Hope, J. H. Johnson, F. J. Kennedy, John Kirsch, - . - S. V. Ryan, .Frank E. Sheldon. Thos. H. Tracy, George J. Yaeckel, - . . ' . Edgar N. Yates, American Express Co., installation, W. A. Frank, apiarian expenses, Whiting-Shattuck Co., office, Frank S. Coit, S. W. Petrie, expenses, $14.40; care and maintenance, office, $300, B. R. Newton, office, $150; traveling, $54-28, Geo. A. Smith, dairy, H. G. Hibbard, Geo. Dietrich, care and maintenance, F. E. Dawley, Jas. G, Patterson, J. W. Coughtry, - , - - - John M. Deegan, - - H. N. Lapham, - ... S. T. Lewis, Jas. G. Patterson, M. E. Smith, - R. R. Coley, agricultural, L. Kissinger, John McCann, Stanley Martin, Walbridge & Co., . . . . W. H. Johnson, scientific, - ... F. L. McClure, i|i8.ao; $199-521 08 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 op 75 00 75 00 75 00 95 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 18 '53 60 00 32 60 15° 00 332 60, 204 28 119 26 75 00 75 00 289 47 14 89 75 00 75 00 75 00 75 00 80 00 75 00 75 00 60 CO 160 09 75 00 38 15 60 CO 75 00 Carried forward. ,785 95 AT THE PAN, AMERICAN EXPOSITION. ' 365 1901. Brought forward, - - ^ . . . Oct. 10. A. L.' Parsons, - -1 . . . 11. S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, - - - 12. Wenborne-Summer Co., expense, $16.50; care and maintenance, $2.50; fruit expenses, $14, S. W. Petrie, expenses (newspaper advertising), J. D. Warren's Sons, care and maintenance, 16. Buffalo General Electric Co., 23. Pan-American Exposition Co., expenses (printing New York day- tickets), 28. The Pain Manufacturing Co., O. E. Skiff, Iroquois Hotel Co., invoice September 5, S. W. Petrie, expenses, $237; care and maintenance, $396.26, Walbridge & Co., care and maintenance. The Courier Co., G. E. More, • - - - D. T- Stickney Co., ■ . . - . Wurtz & Son, Jas. D. Warren's Sons, office, - "' . " ' S. D. Willard, fruit, .... F. J. H. Merrill, scientific, - ... Nov. 8. Pain Manufacturing Co., expense, Joseph Bush, care and maintenance, - - - J. J. Cunningham, - ... George Dietrich, - - - - F. W. Gethoefer, - ' .' " ' ■Chas. E. Glynn, - - - E.,M. Hewitt, ' - ■ - J. D. Hope, - . ., - John H. Johnson, - - F. J. Kennedy, John Kirsch, - - - S. V. Ryan, Frank E. Sheldon, Thomas H. Tracy, - - , . . George J. Yaeckel, , " " - - - Edgar N. Yates, - - - ' Frank S. Coit, office, - - . . - = - Carried forward, . . ... - - - - $202,785 95 75 00 418 43 33 00 964 00 27 00 564 00 1,885 47 2,300 00 700 00 1,353 10 633 26 6 00 16 .00 6 75 68 63 8 45 15 00 159 5° 71 02 1,000 CO 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 CO 80 CO 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 CO 75 CO 80 00 155 CO $214,4.40 56 •366 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS $250; dairy expenses, $7; scientific, 1 90 1. Brought forward, Nov. 8. S. W. Petrie, office, $52.80,, - - . . . . , . . H. G. Hibbard, dairy, Geo. A. Smith, .,,.... J. W. Coughtry, fruit, - - H. N. Lapham, ....... S. T. Lewis, ... . . M. E. Smith, - - - W. A. Frank, apiarian, - ... R. R. Coley, agricultural, - - L. Kissinger, W. H. Johnson, scientific, - - . . . . E. L. MeClure, - 9. Geo. A. Smith, dairy, ... S. D. Willard, fruit, 14. C. W. Miller Transfer Co., expense, - _ - The Pain Manufacturing Co., 16. Buffalo Demokrat, expense (advertising New York day), Buffalo Courier and Enquirer, - - - Buffalo Review, O. L. Hershiser, apiarian, - ... 20. C. W. Miller Transfer Co., expense (livery October 9), - Chas. H. Fuller Advertising Agency (newspaper advertising), Reinecke & Zesch, ■• The Wenborne-Sumner Co., printing, Pan-American Exposition Co., souvenir tickets, Brooklyn Daily' Times, advertising. - Buff.alo Courier and Enquirer, Iroquois Hotel Co., invoice, July 31, $560.45; invoice, October 19, $367.60, W. \V. Clark, expense, October 16, William Scott, - - Wells-Fa^go Expjess Co., The Buffalo Express, advertising, Buffalo Review Co., - - - - John G. Kellas, stenography, C. D. Straight, advertising, - - - - S. W. Petrie, care and maintenance, $896.40; caTe and mainte- nance, $497.57; office, $37.90; expense (advertising), $867, - $214,440 56 309 80 80 00 85 '74 80 00 80 00 80 00 80 00 64 00 80 00 64 00 64 oO 75 00 126 45 162 85 6 00 2,500 00 115 00 300 00 ■ 300 00 218 42 565 25 2,363 66 50 00 12 -^o 400 50 92 40 -60 00 928 05 15 80 136 so 3 40 35° °° 28 00 30 00 25 00 2,298 87 Carried forward. $226,671 75 AT THE PAN AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 367 1 90 1. Brought forward, - ... Nov. 20. Buffalo Glass Co., care and maintenance, ... The Geo. Irish Paper Co., Russell & Watson, - - - . . . . Weed & Co, - - ... Exposition Ice Co., ■ . . i . D. J. Stickney Co., Bell Telephone Co., office, Geo. E. Yost, traveling, Buffalo School Furniture Works, fruit, 22. S. W. Petrie, expenses, $12.50; expenses, $148; care and mainte- nance, $73.84; office, $6; agricultural, $177; scientific, $47.56, B. R. Newton, office, $150; traveling, $36.35, Bailey Catering Co., expense, invoice, August 6 to October 31, Whitmier & Filbrick, advertising, - ' - Whitehead-Hoag Co., - - - - Justus G. Miller, music, Jas. D. Warren's Sons, advertising, M. Lockwood, office stationery, Leopold Stern, traveling, Buffalo School Furniture Co., fruit, - - F. E. Dawley, James G. Patterson, - - - National Express Co., agricultural, J. H. Durkee, John McCann, - - - Stanley Martin, Pan-American Exhibition Co., scientific, A. I,. Parsons, - - - 25. S. W. Petrie, expense, sundry house bills, - 29. John Powell, music, - - -. Norman E. Mack, advertising, Buffalo Demokrat, Buffalo Express, - - - - Reinecke & Zesch, W. W. Clark, invitation, November i, ... Exposition Ice Co., care and maintenance, . . . - A. S. Hamersley, traveling, - - . . - J. H. Durkee, agricultural, ....... $226,671 75 14 48 7 00 8 55 41 79 20 75 51 75 24 25 30 38 . 10 00 464 90 186 35 2,410 95 885 13 252 00 372 00 ■ 357 00 35 3° 287 S-'^ 35° CO 644 18 120 00 '7 47 174 5° 183 59 80 00 400 00 131 60 1,586 52 372 CO 42 00 15 CO 42 00 10 00 100 00 13 25 105 °5 130 77 Carried forward. ^236,648 76 368 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 1901. Brought forward, - - . . Nov. 29. F. H. Merrill, scientific, Dec. 2. American Press Association, expense, advertisiijg, 6. American Express Co., - t Buffalo Volksfreund, advertising, - ... New York Press Club Doings, S. M. Welch, Jr., expense military, display, October 9, 1901, - Joseph 'Bush, care and maintenance, - - : Thomas H. Tracy, - - - ' George Dietrich, John H. Johnson, - . - - Office Toilet Supply Co., - - ■ J. Brendel, - . . - . . The Wm. Hengerer Co., - - B. R. Newton, office, - - - - - S. W. Petrie, - - , - ' - Bensler & Wesley, stationery, - '- F. S. Coit, expense, $9.35; care and maintenance, $12.35; office, i^ss, - H. G. Hibbard, dairy, S. D. Willard, fruit, ... W. A. Frank, apiarian, R. R. Coley, agricultural, - - - - A. L. Parsons, scientific, - . Buffalo School Furniture Co., William Reiss, cartage, 7. A. O. Bunnell, expense, advertising, Hoddick & Co., installation, - - . Geo. A. Smith, dairy, F. E. Dawley, fruit, Stanley Martin, agricultural, - - J. H. Durkee, John Bidelmann, Live Stock Exchange, E. B. Underhill, R. B. Robbins, W. A. Fuller, - . . W. B. Curtiss & Co,, - - - - . C. Tingler, - - - J. A. Spraker, ..„.„„.. Carried forward, - - - ,.. - $236,648 76 39 95 1,375 52 15 25 5 00 IS 00 11,844 45 70 00 70 00 70 00 70 00 46 87 8 00 22' '95 15° 00 260 00 4 go' 176 70 70 CO 201 22 38 CO 70 CO 75 00 109 5° 60 00 100 00 75 80 109 78 361 62 52' 5° 1.638 88 84 84 84 I 67 I 87 I 89 25 97 $253,888 67 <• AT THE. PAN AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 369 1901. Bro.ught forward, Dec. 7. Hinckel & Sniper, A. W. Graham, Irving L. Rice, C. A. Wetmore,- J. H., Corwith, J. H. Johnson, - O. F. Schnitzsohn, W. Wakeman, C. F. Hislopi, L. J. Kengott & Son, William In skip, W. J. Lautz, Clarence N. King, Brooks & Hoffman, Mrs. H. G. Parker, B. S. Gibson, •■•' u C. L. Seeley, H. Van Dresser, H. M. Lamon, A. & B. Schilling, Hollywood Farm, Fred Maunder, T. McKittrick, Miss L. Goodell, C. J. Williams, E. B. Walker, Mrs. G. E. Monroe, L. D. Holmes, John Bennett, live stock, E. H. Hauck, - E. C. Roth, .C. W. Jerome & Co., H. C. Boyesen, B. F. Bryant, D. L. Orr, R. J. Ruliffson, - W. W. Babcock, Mosher Bros., $253,888 67 2 5° 3 34 3 34 3 34 3 34 3 34 3 76 4 18 4 18 5 01 S 63 5 65 5 8S S 85 5 85 5 85 S 85 S 85 5 85 6 27 6 69 6 69 6 69 6 69 6 .70 6 91 7 53 7 54 8 37 8 37 8 37 8 37 9 42 23 22 10 °3 10 87 II 71 II 7r Carried forward, ..„..--- $254,149 38 24 370 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 1901. Brought forward, - $254,149 38 Dec. 7. Henry T. Draper, - - ' 12 56 George W. Hillson, - ........ 13 38 A. W. Opsam, 14 22 H. D. Kirkover, Jr., ... .... 16 31 C. H. Proper, - .... 19 ..?i Peter Martin, 20 83 D. D. Jennings, ' - - - - 23 43 G. H. Bell, - ' ' - - 25 IT Graefenburg Rabbitry, - 26 78 W. J. Onink, .... 27 72 Charles A. Sweet, . . ■. . - : , - 33 48 R. R. Topping, ... . .' 33 48 A. Bordwell & Son, - -, 35 57 Chas. E. Lang, - - r - S'^' 83 Red Creek Farm, ... . - 36 83 Ezra Cornell, - - - 37 66 T. A. Mitchell, - - . . - - 39 75 Bicknell & Whiting, - 41 co. A. Samuels, - - ... 48 97 J. F. Converse & Co., - - - 50 22 F. R. Hazard, - 5859 J. F. Hanselmann, - ... 64 66 R. D. Button & Son, - - - 7° 09 , F. E. Dawley, - - - - 73 23 Henry Stevens & Son, - 78 51 A. F. Blunck, live stock, - - - 80 05 F. D. Edson, - ' - - - S3 "70 Mrs. E. F. Hawley, - - .87; 88 A. T. Mohr, - - - ' 100 44 G. H. Davidson, -1 - - - 124 50 Clark Allis, - - - - - 146 47 Wm. Curry & Son, - - 146 49 L. F. Doolittle, - - - - - '57 98 C. C. Taylor, - - 188 32 ,,v; C. J. & H. Hamlin, - - - 261 50 :;l^v, . James Hilton & Bro.. - - - ... 273 11 '?a„ 13. Whitmer & Filbrick, expense, advertising, - - - 902 65 Frank Snyder, care and maintenance, .... 8 00 Carried forward. $257,728 92 AT THE PAN AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 371 1901. Brought forward, Dec. 13. The D. J. Stickney Co., James S. Moore, 'G. C. Bolin, traveling, William Scott, fruit, ' 0. L. Hershiser, apiarian, L. S. Crandall, live stock, Chas. Bennington, • W. G. Vought, John D. Jacquins, A. R. Deming, Mrs. S. W. Mirick, A. G. Witt, 1, R. Johnson, W. H. Briggs, C. L. Preston, Mrs. R. Mayhew, live stock, B. D. Miller, Windholme Poultry Farm, E. S. Woodward, W. A. Smith, T. Toogood & Son, A. H. Cooley, C. C. Whitney, C. C. Penfold, - H. T. Foote, T. G. Sherwood, Mrs. M. Johnson, - G. M. Carnochan, W. S. Kilmer, R. A. Sibley, Elrawood Rabbitry, Lucile Alger, D. K. Bell, Mrs. J. Brazier, Mrs. F. Senn, H. T. Peters, L. D. Ely, L. P. Morton, I Carried forward, $257,728 92 17 25 51 00 264 98 100 00 309 63 I 67 2 5° 2 50 3 34 4 18 4 18 4 38 5 01 5 85 6 69 6 70 7 53 10 87 10 88 II 30 II 71 14 64 IS 06 16 53 16 75 21 76 25 II 27 62 29 29 25 II 33 69 34 31 37 65 52 73 63 61 71 98 83 70 106 71 $259,247 32 372 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS 1901. Brought forward, ■ - . . . Dec. 13. C. E. Kilbourn, Mrs. S. A. F. Serwin, Fied C. Stevens, 18. C. H. Fuller's Advertising Agency, expense, 19. F. E. Sheldon, care and maintenance, J. U. Hope, A. L. Parsons, scientific, 20. D. E. Morgan, S, & A. Co., building, fi,ooo; care and mainte nance, $223.06, S. W. Petrie, office, $22.50; fruit expense, $31; scientific, $12, The Courier Co., expense, advertising, Wrn. Scott, care and maintenance, Wurtz & Son, Buffalo General Electric Co., - . . . . American Express Co., installation, Lorillard Refrigerator Co., Western Union Telegraph Co., office, ' D. S. Morgan & Co., rent, Postal Telegraph & Cable Co., William Johnson, Geo. A. Smith, dairy, Berlin Mills Co., scientific, 26. S. W. Petrie, expense, $53; installation, $14.95; office, cultural, $23.64; scientific, $80, B. G. Hibbard, dairy, O. L. Hershiser, apiarian, ' - Luchdvsf's P. A. R. Co., expense. The Courier Co., advertising, N. L. & H. V. Barr, care and maintenance, $30.93; installation. $136-99, - 31. S. W. Petrie, expense Board General Managers, Exposition Carting Co., installation, J. L. Donovan, fruit, O. L, Hershiser, apiarian, F. J. H. Merrill, scientific, Davis Cossitt, live stock, McLaury Bros., . . - . - Carried forward, - - - .10; agn 1259,247 32 119 27 219 71 30s 40 402 90 70 00 80 17 46 5° 1,223 06 65 5° 315 00 125 0,0 6 5° 231 60 61 84 H 84 27 14 40 00 18 14 21 30 12 °S ro 00 i- 180 69 37 50 150 00 270 30 375 1^ 83 167 92 95 00 S 00 73 5° 79 ■74 79 35 25 II 412 22 - $264,615 40 AT THE PAN AMERICAN EJXPOSITION. 373 1902. Brouglit forward, ... Jan. 8. B. R. Newton, office, $150; traveling, $27.50, Joseph Bush, care and maintenance, George Dietrich, John H. Johnson, S. W. Petrie, office, - - - - Frank S. Coit, - - - - A. M. Huntington, live stock, . . _ . Casper Koch, - - - F. B. Buckley, Augusta W. Harp, Buffalo Cold Storage Co., fruit, $93.21; agricultural, $52.60, - 16. S. W. Petrie, expense, $18.10; care and maintenance, $3.60; office, $7-63, - - John Brendel, care and maintenance, James S. Moore, Buffalo Glass Co., Buffalo General Electric Co., Whiting-Shattuck Co., office, Buffalo Typewriter Exchange, . D. S. Morgan & Co., - - , - American Express Co., agricultural, Wm. Reiss, scientific, - - - Wenborne-Sumner Co., W. C. Gehring, live stock, 17. Joseph Bush, care and maintenance, - - George Dietrich, - - John H. Johnson, Frank E. Sheldon, ... Frank S. Coit, office, 22. J. D. Hope, care and maintenance, $75; installation, $95, A. S. Hamersley, traveling, Chas. Berrick's Sons, contractors, S. D. Willard, fruit, American Ex'press Co., Buffalo School Furniture Works, scientific, 23'. Rushford Kennels, live stock, N. v. V. Franchot, traveling, F. E. Dawley, fruit, - - - - , - - Carried forward, - - - $268,912 34 $264,615 40 177 50 75 00 75 00 75 CO 255 00 155 00 5 86 8 79 93 70 6 69 145 81 29 33 10 00 120 75 6 00 34 80 12 65 15 00 80 00 18 19 .10 00 I 50 6 69 15 00 15 00 IS 00 90 00 55 00 170 00 33 00 2,000 GO 37 66 49 64 75 00 75 33 195 00 53 05 374 REPORT OF BOARD OF GENERAL MANAGERS ' 1902. Brought forward, $268,912 34 Jan. 24. Pinkerton's Agency, expense Board General Managers, - 18 00 S. W. Petrie, installation, - - - 105 58 The Lautz Co., - - - - 95 00 D. N. I-ockwood, traveling, - - - 147 15 Fred Greiner, ... 221 60 25. John T. Mott, traveling, - 127 60 Jacob Amos, - 520 30 F. E. Dawley, fruit, - - - - 200 00 Bell Telephone Co., office, 95 00 30. C. E. Brinkworth, expense Board General Managers, 1,283 55 B. R. Newton, office, - 150 00 Leopold Stern, traveling, - 9 00 George E. Yost, - 16 09 Jacob Amos, - - - - - - 10 00 A. S. Hamersley, - - - 11 00 G. C. Bolin, ... . .... 7 00 Fred Greiner, - - ' 24 80 J. T. Mott, - - - 18 82 D. N. Lockwood, ... 21 30 S. W. Petrie, office, $277.46; traveling, $23.50, - - - 300 96 ' J. H. Durkee, agricultural, ... 345 12 Frank S. Coit, office, - 40 00 Total expenditures, - - ,,-,,. $273,293 16 AT THE PAN AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 375 SUMMARY. Expenditures of the Board ot General Managers of the exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition, 1901, not directly connected with the various designated exhibits, and being on account of expenditures for New York day and other special features connected with the Exposition, New York State building, construction, equipment and furnishing, Exhibits: Dairy, - . . . . Adirondacks, - ' - - Fruit, Apiarian, Agricultural, Scientific, - -' - - Live stock. Totals, - - - Unexpended balance of appropriations, Proceeds sales of exhibits, In hands of State Treasurer, .... The foregoing financial report contains an account of all expenditures made by the Board of General Managers of the exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition held on the Niagara frontier, within the State of New York, in the year one thousand nine hundred and one (1901), showing the items, the amounts thereof, to whom paid and for what purpose, and I hereby "certi-fy the same to be correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Dated BUFFALO, N. Y ., January 31, 1902. DANIEL N. LOCKWOOD, President of Board of General Managers. PROCEEDS FROM SALES OF EXHIBITS. $75,57° s° |8 00 149,961 15 3,260 80 438 46 2,106 69 10,810 00 92 60 4,442 21 638 21 12,022 66 170 14 io,i8i 32 4,937 83 $273,293 16 $1,347 41 $126,706 84 - 1,347 41 - $128,054 25 / X