Wmntll HmrOTitg ptog FROM THE INCOME OF THE FISKE ENDOWMENT FUND THE BEQUEST OF lUillarO ^iskc Librarian of the University 1868-1883 1905 3184 LF795X6i55 e W74 Ver9,,y "^ T ||SIii nn KKi iiiii f iiiiiiffiii ant ' Ta J( lors ' Sch ° 01 - o||n 3 1924 030 618 734 Overs a Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030618734 THE HISTORY OF FROM ITS FOUNDATION TO -THE PRESENT TIME. IN TWO PARTS. I. OF ITS FOUNDERS, PATRONS, BENEFACTORS, AND MASTERS. II. OF ITS PRINCIPAL SCHOLARS. By the Rev. H. B. WILSON, B. D. Second Undermaster. LONDON: sold by f. c. and j. rivington; j.otridge; j. hatchard; lackington, allen, and cp.; '< ! , C. Aiijj AND JiiftSPEBNE, LONDON: AND J. COOKE, OXFORD. 1814. ti\ Entered at Stationers' Hall. MERCHANT AND GALABIN, PHINTBRS, INGnAM-COU*T, LONDON. TO THE MASTER, WARDENS, AND COURT OF ASSISTANTS, OF THE WORSHIPFUL COMPANY OF 0ltvtf)mit=€npl(xi% LONDON,. WHO, AMIDST THE AVOCATIONS OF COMMERCIAL PURSUITS, HAVE ESSENTIALLY CONTRIBUTED TO THE DIFFUSION OF LITERATURE AND GOOD MANNERS, THIS HISTORY OF THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL, FOUNDED AND SUPPORTED AT THEIR EXPENSE, IS DEDICATED, AS A TESTIMONY OF UNFEIGNED RESPECT FOR THEIR MUNIFICENT LIBERALITY. BY THEIR MUCH OBLIGED, AND VERY FAITHFUL, HUMBLE SERVANT, H. B. WILSON. Laurence Pountney Hill, 16 Dec. 1814. SUBSCRIBERS. " The Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors, Patrons, £ 100. Those marked * have contributed an additional Guinea on each of their Copies, towards defraying tke , George Dixon, Esq. Rev. Jos* Dixon* M.A. Rector of Sullington, near Storrington, Sussex. *Samuel Dobree, Esq. (3 copies.) John Dodson, Esq. D.C.L. •Edward Bullock Douglas, Esq. Rev* B. Downing, B.C.L. Rector of Quaintoiv Aylesbury. Rev. David Durell, M.A. Prebendary of Durham. John Edwards. Esq. (3 copies.) Rev. 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Vicar of St. Laurence's, Isle of Thanet. *Mr. Edmund Stprr Haswell. Rev. William Hayes, B.A. Minor Canon of St. Paul's. William Heygate, Esq. Aid. Robert Hicks, Esq, J. Hirst, Esq. J £2 Major Thomas Hitchcock. Henry Hoare, Esq. W. Holding, Esq. Rev. N. J. Hollingsworth, M.A. Rev. J. H. Howlett, M.A. William Hulke, Esq. Sir Claudius Stephen Hunter, Bart. Aid. Bury Hutchinson, Esq. Clerk of the Brewers* Com- pany. William Jeffs, Esq. Charles Johnson, Esq. John Jones, Esq. (3 copies.) Right Hon. Lord Kenyon. William Kappen, Esq. Thomas Key, Esq. Thomas King, Esq. (3 copies.) Rev. W. Kinleside, M.A. Rector of Angmeriag* Sussex. Rev. Vicesimus Knox, D.D. * Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of London. John Lawrence, Esq. Secretary of the London As- surance. John Leopard, Esq. William Lewis, Esq. (2 copies.) Library of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. Library of Lincoln College, Oxford. Library of Catharine Hall> Cambridge. Library of Magdalen College, Oxford. 'Library of St. John's College, Oxford. ♦Library of Merchant-Taylors' School. Mr. Williarn Lilley. (2 copies.) t Rev. Evan Lloyd, B.D. Vicar of Langevelach, Glamorganshire. Mr. Lowton. SUBSCRIBERS. John Mackenzie, Esq. (3 copies.) John Mangles, Esq. *Mr. William Marchant. (2 copies;) *Rev. Michael Mariow. D. D. President of St. John's College, Oxford, and Prebendary of Canterbury. G. W. Marriott* Esq. B.C.L. Rev. R. Marriott, M.A. Rector of Cottesbaeh,, Leicestershire. John Marshall, Esq. (2 copies.) Paggen William Mayo, M.D. •Rev. Charles Mayo, B.D., Rev. Thomas Wynter Mead, B.D. Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. *Rev..j0hn Moore, B.C.L. Minor. Canon of St. Paul's.. John Moore, Esq. Mr. Henry Moore. Rev. William Morice, B.D. Rector of Tackley, Oxon. * Andrew John Nash, Esqt •George Augustus Nash, Esq. Rev. J. Natt„ B;D. Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. Sir George Nayler, Knt. F.S.A. York. Herald. Mr. Nelson. *Rev. Fred; Hervey Neve, M.A. ♦George Vander Neunhurg,., Esq. (4 copies.)' Francis Newbery, Esq. John Newman, Esq. (2 copies.)) John Nichols, Esq. F.S.A. Re.v. Robert Nixon, B.D. F.S.A. (2 copies.) Rev. H. H. Norris, M.A. Chaplain to the Earl of Shaftesbury. Henry Okey Esq. Rev. H. B. Owen, B.D. Rector of St. Grave's,. Hart-street. Edward Owen, Esq. (2 copies.) Rev. Henry Peach, B.D. Rector Of C/heam,. Surrey. Charles Seymour Pearson, Esq-. Mr. Pettman. William Phillips, Esq. (2 copies.) Mr. Phillips. Rev. Holden Pott, M.A. Archdeacon of London.. Baden Powell, Esq. Speldhurst, Kent. James Powell, Esq. Newjck-Park, Sussex.. James Powell, Esq. Carey-street. J. C. Powell, Esq. Clapton. Rev. T. B. Powell, M.A. Curate of Farninghanii, Kent. Mr. Richard Worgan Povah, Scholar of St. John's Cniipgp, Oxford. Mr. PrattenU Mr: Prendergast. Rev; John Prince, B.A. Chaplain of the Magdalen. Hospital. Rev. Joseph Procter, D.D. Master of Catharine- Hall,. Cambridge, and Prebendary of Nor- wich„ Matthew Raper, Esq. F.R.&A.S. Mr. Reily. George Reynal, Esq. *Rev. Durand Rhudde, D.D. Rector of East Burg- holt, Suffolk, and Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty. Rev. Sir Charles Rich, Bart. D.C.L. Mr. Richardson:. Rev. John Roberson, M.A. Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. SUBSCRIBERS. Rev. Thomas Roberts, Master of Chelmsford School, Essex. •Thomas Roberts, Esq. (2 copies.) Mr. Joshua Robinson. William Robinson, Esq. (2 copies.) Rev. John Rose, D.D. Rector of St. Martin's Outwich. John Round, Esq. M.P : Archer Ryland, Esq. Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. •Richard Ryland, Esq. Right Honourable Earl Spencer. Mr. Deputy Saunders. Nathaniel Saunders, Esq. Mr. Saward. William Stephenson Scholey, Esq.. John Scott, Esq- Rev. William Dickson Shackleford, D.D. F.R. and ' A.S. Vicar of St. Sspukhre's. Mr. Henry Francis Sidebottom, Scholar of St. John's College, Oxford. •John Silvester, Esq. B.C.L. & F.S.A. Recorder of London. Mr. John Smart. John Smith, Esq. (2 copies.) Rev. Thomas SiiehV B.C.L. Rector of Windlesham, Surrey. *J. G., Sparrow, Esq. Mr. Spear. Rev. T. Speidell, B.D. Fellow of St. John's Col- lege, OxforcL Rev. William Stalrnan, M.A. Rector of Little Bruern, Northamptonshire, Francis Stedman, Esq. Samuel Henry Sterry* Esq. Mr. Joseph Stewart. Stanley Stokes, Esq. •William Street, Esq. *Rev. N. J. Stubbin, Rector of Somersham, Suf- folk. •Thomas Styan, Esq. (2 Copies.) Mf . William Sutton. *Thomas Sutton, M.D. Rev. Henry Symons, M.A. Chaplain to his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge.. Mr. William Tate. William Henry Tatham, Esq. John Taylor, Esq. (2 copies.) Richard Stephens Taylor, Esq. •Richard Teasdale, Esq. Clerk of the Merchant- Taylors'' Company. Mr. H. D. Thielcke. Mr. Thomas. •John Thompson, Esq. (3. copies) •Rev. Thomas Thorp, B.C.L. Rector of Oxted, Surrey.. (2 copies.) Robert Thorp, Esq. Rev. George Stepney Townley, M.A. Rector of St. Stephen's* Walbrook. James Townley, Esq. Rev. A. W. Trollope, M.A. Master of the Gram- mar School, Christ's Hospital. Mr. Turner. Mr-Vade. Rev. William Van Mildert, D.D. Regius Professwr of Divinity at Oxford. George Vaughan, Esq. (2 copies.) •James Vere, Esq. (2 copies.) SUBSCRIBERS. William Wadd, Esq, Mr. Walford. Rev. T. Walker, M.A, Vicar of Mears-ashby, Northampton. •Thomas Walters, Esq. Henry Warren, Esq. Rev. T. A. Warren, B.D. George Welch, Esq. ■{.,,:: • Rev. Henry Wetherell, M.A. Rector of Thrux- ton, Herefordshire. (2 copies.) Rev. W. Wheeler, B.D. Chaplain of the Royal Military College, Marlow. Geroge Hadleigh Whitfield, Esq. •Rev. T. Whitfield, B.D. Fellow of St. John's Collegej Oxford. Rev. Thomas Wigan. John Williams, Esq, (2 copies.) Charles Williams, Esq. Rev. Richard Williams, M.A. Prebendary of Lin« coin. *Rev. Joshua Winter, B.D. Rector of Cotsford, Wilts. Rev. W. Wise, B.D. Vicar of St. Laurence's, Reading. *Rev. S. Wix, M.A. Rector of St. Bartholomew'* the Less. •William Wix, Esq. F.R.S. Henry Woodgate, Esq. Jonathan Worrell, Esq. Philip Wynter, Esq. Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. . ... CONTENTS. Contents : ^ge i— xii. Preface xiii— xxx. PART I. Chap. I.— The Masterships of Mulcaster, Wilkinson, and E. Smith; containing the Space of Thirty- eight Years. School founded by the. Merchant-Taylors' Company for 250 Boys— Statutes agreed upon and Quar- terly Surveys ordered— Richard Mulcaster chosen Headmaster— Liberality of Mr. Hills, Master of the Company— School visited by Grindall, Bishop of London, &c— Sir Thomas White's Benefaction of Thirty-seven Fellowships at St. John's College, Oxford — exuberant State of the School — Mulcaster obliged to dismiss all supernumerary Boys — First Election to St. John's — Elections interrupted on the Part of the President and Fellows — consequent Dispute between the Company and College — appeased by Sir William Cordall, Visitor for Life — Three Years' Continuance at School a necessary Qualifica- tion in every Candidate for Election to St. John's — Elections resumed, but attended with Irregularities —Difference between Mulcaster and One of the Wardens of the Company— The College requested to name their Examiners Six Weeks before the Election— Election at the Hall instead of the School, on account of the Plague — Inconveniences found to result from choosing Scholars unable to support themselves at the University— Election, attended by the Vice-President and One Fellow, held by the Visitor to be valid — Protection of the Company assured to Mulcaster's Wife, in the Event of his dying before her — Election-Dinner to be kept at the School — Ffysshe's Benefaction — Loss sustained by the Death of Sir William Cordall — new Difficulties attending the Election — the Company jealous of the Interference of the College in the disposal of the Masterships and Exhibitions — Dissimulation of Willis, the President — Differences between the Company and Mulcaster — Mulcaster resigns — Candidates to I succeed him — Henry Wilkinson chosen — Quarterly Surveys of the School revived — Death of Hills — Dispute between the Company and College — better Understanding under the Auspices of a new President — Election suspended for Three Days by the Bishop of Winchester — when St. Barnabas's Day falls on a Sunday, the Examination to take place on the Saturday, but the Election on the Day itself — Wilkinson resigns — Edmund Smith chosen — School broken up by the Plague — Dispute renewed — Dissatisfaction on the Part of the Founder's Kin — Act of Elizabeth, against Abuses in the Election of Scholars, publickly read— Smith resigns —William Hayne chosen . Page 1—133 11 CONTENTS. Chap. II — The Masterships of Hayne, Gray, Edwards, Staple, andDugard; containing the Space of Sixty-two Years. Further Disputes between the Company and College — Scholars not admitted at St. John's in the rela- tive Order of their Election at School — when more Vacancies than One, the Sense of the Electors ■to be taken afresh on each — Dr. Andrewes's Compassion on a superannuated Boy — a Lord Mayor of the Merchant-Taylors' Company greeted with a congratulatory Oration in Cheapside— School broken tip by the Plague — Appeal to the Bishop of Winchester, to determine Controversies between the Com- pany and College — a deformed Boy ought not to have been elected to St. John's, but, being elected, not to be displaced — Statutes of the School perused and enlarged — a Probation of the School ordered Tlwee Times in every Year — an Examination of the Probation ordered twice in every Year — Robert Dowe, a Member of the Company, makes Provision for the perpetual Observance of the Probation—-. Differences between Hayne and the chief Usher, or Undermaster — the College to send up Two or Three Names of Candidates on every Vacancy among Ffysshe's Batlers — Death of Dowe — the Par- sonage of Crick, in Northamptonshire, given to St. John's College for the Benefit of Merchant-Tay- lors—Generosity of Eleven Members of the Court to a superannuated Boy — Election attended by only Two Fellows from St. John's — John Vernon's Benefaction of Four Exhibitions— -John Wooller's Bene- faction of One Exhibition— Thomas WhetenhalFs Benefaction .of a reversionary Nature — the School (has an Interest to the Extent of more than, Seven-Tenths in. whatever is bequeathed to the General Purposes of the College — Case of Jonas Owen's Re-admission into the School no Precedent for others to have the like Favour— Two of the Fellowships of St John's refounded by the Company, inconse- quence 01 the College-Revenue having failed — Laud, both before and after his Elevation to the Episcopal Bench, -attentive to the Welfare of the School — Opportunity lost of obtaining parliamentary- Confirmation of the reversionary Interest in Whetenhall's Benefaction — Articles of Complaint against Hayne — Hayne's Answer— Hayne removed — NlcnuUw Cray chosen— Commencement of annual Election of Masters — Hayne exhibits a Bill of Complaint in Chancery ag a ;net the r-nmpany^-the Company put in their Plea and Demurrer and Answer — Hayne petitions the Lord Keeper— an Accom- modation effected between the Parties at the Instance of the Lord Keeper — Hayne signs a Release to the Company on receiving „£130 — Readmission of Boys, who have gone from Mercbant-Taylors'to any other School, absolutely forbidden — John Juxon's Benefaction of a reversionary Nature — Exa- miners to be chosen a Month before St. Barnabas's Day — Liberality of the Company to Gray the Headrnastership granted in Reversion to William Bigmore, who declines it—Gray resigns — Candidates to succeed him. — John Edwards chosen— Juxon's Benefaction devolves to the Company—Edwards resigns-r-Williarn .Staple chosen — Election by the Company alone, the President and Fellows declining to corne to it on account of the Plague — : the School shut up nearly Eighteen Months — Differences between Staple and the chief Usher — a Boy ejected conditionally — Bishop Dee's Benefaction of Two Fellowships and Tv?o, Scholarships at St. John's College, Cambridge — Election by the Company alone, in Consequence of thejjreaking out of the great Rebellion — Staple, after being harassed by the Com- mittee for plundered Ministers, resigns — William Du Gafd chosen— Elections continued, but the Boys not usually sent toOxfojd during the Troubles-r-a Fourth Probation established — Impediments in the Way of admitting .the Boys at St. John's, after the Intercourse had been opened between the Uni- versity and City— Du Gard in great Favour with the Company — rival Electors, of ,the .Royalist and Presbyterian Parties, come from Oxford- on St. Barnabas's Day — Du Gard falls under the Displeasure of the Council of State and is removed — John Steyens chosen, and shortly after removed — Du Gard makes his Peace with the Ruling Powers and is reinstated—- Differences between the Company and College, in Consequence of the latter being unwilling to fill up their Vacancies — a deformed Boy forced ijpon the College, in Violation of their Oaths, by the Presbyterian Visitor — Expulsion ordered in Case .of Nonpayment of Quarterage for Twenty-Eight Days, or Absence without reasonable Cause for Six CONTENTS. HI Days in any Quarter — Headmaster of Merchant-Taylors, for the Time being, an Examiner ami Elector' • at Lewisham-School — exuberant State of the School — the Company dissatisfied with, Du Gard— < Du Gard removed and dies ; . Page 134 — 358 Chap. III. — The Masterships of Goad, Hartcliffe, Bontuicke, and Shortyng, containing the Space of * Forty-six Years. John Goad ohosen — Presbyterian Innovations done away — Attention of the Court drawn to Whetert- hall's Will — Boys act a Play at Merchant-Taylors' Hall — Members of the Court ordered to subscribe to the School Library — the School burnt in the Fire of London — Goad preservesa great Part of the Library, and keeps together a Number of the Scholars — Bishop of Winchester grants the Com- pany a Dispensation, enabling them to hold their Elections elsewhere-— School kept in St. Mary-Axe — Contributions to the Library — Whetenhall's Will again brought under Consideration — School, &rc. rebuilt .by -Subscription — catechizing in English, Latin, and Greek enjoined — Breaking-up Money established by the Court as an additional Quarterage — Anthony Death's Benefaction— Goad's Com- ment on the Church-Catechism savours of Popery — the Grand Jury complain of it to the Company — Goad removed — Boys guilty of swearing and using profane Words, to be reported to the Master and Wardens for Expulsion— Goad receives a Gratuity from the Company — Candidates to succeed him— - John Hartcliffe chosen— Books in the Library to be examined once a Year — Hartcliffe resigns — James II. recommends a 'Successor suspected of Popery — the Company prevail on the King to recall his recommendation — Ambrose Bonwicke chosen, and is licensed bythe Bishop of London— Names, &c. of Candidates for St. John's, to be laid before the Court a 'Month previous to Election-Day — Bonwicke removed for not taking the Oaths to William and Mary — Candidates to succeed him — Matthew Shortyng chosen — Company recommend the Admission of a Scholar to St. John's College, at an un- statutable Time of the Year — the Visitor discountenances their Proceedings — Moses Holwey's Bene- faction of two Exhibitions at Catharine Hall, Cambridge — Institution of the School Feast — Upper Boys distinguished from the rest of the sixth Form, by the Appellation of the Table and the Bench — the Captain of the School reprimanded by the Court, for enticing a Boy to the Theatre, Tavern, and Gaming-house — Shortyngdies. ...-;.. ,. ...... * . . • . Page 329 — 404 Chap. IV. — Tlie Mastersliips of Parsell, M. Smith, and Criche; containing Hie Space of Fifty-three Years. The Practice of the Company, in preferring to the Government of the School, Men -who have been educated in it, becomes more decided and uniform — Thomas Parsell chosen — the Payment of Ffysshe's and'Vernon's Exhibitions to some Seniors of St. John's College, suspended — the Livery of the Company entertained on Lord Mayor's Day at the School — Headmaster of Merchant-Taylors' School, for the Time being, constituted a Governor of Lucton School — William Parker's Benefaction for a School- master at Great Bloxwich — Bonds of Resignation to be required from all.future Masters, instead of Annual Elections — Boys indulged with a Half-holiday, that they may attend a Schoolfellow's Benefit — Unavail- ing Endeavour to confine the Living of St. Martin's Outwichto Persons educated at Merchant-Taylors* — Parsell dies — Matthew.Smith succeeds — another unavailing Endeavour to confine the Living of St. Mar- tin's Outwich — Dr. Gibbons's Benefaction to the Library — Company refuse to accept Smith's Presenta- tion of an Undermaster — Smith dies — the Principle of Succession fully developed — John Criche chosen — no Jew to be admitted into the School — Election Dinner transferred from the School to the Hall — Dr. Stuart's Benefaction of one Exhibition at St. John's Oxford, and another at Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge, contingent on the Death of his Wife, Nephew, and Niece — School Feast celebrated at the Company's Hall— no one to enjoy an Exhibition of Vernon's Foundation longer than eight Years*- IV CONTENTS. Chains removed from the Books in the Library— at the Election of an Undermaster three Candidates are reduced to two— Dr. Stuart's Funds vested in Trustees, by Order of the Court of Chancery, during the Lives of his Nephew and Niece— Dr. Andrew's munificent Benefaction at Trinity Hid!, Cambridge, contingent on the Death of his four Sisters — no Boy eligible to St. John's Oxford, on Sir Thomas White's Foundation, if admitted higher than the fourth Form— a frivolous Memorial presented to the Company, by a Father, complaining of partiality, in the Masters, to the Prejudice of his Son — Dispensation in favour of William Agate, not to prejudice the Observance of the Company's Order respecting Re-admissions for the Future — a Month's Notice to be given previous to the Election of an Exhibitioner — Criche dies Page 405—455 Chap. V .—The Masterships of Totvnky, Green, Bishop, and Cherry; containing the Space of Fifty- two Years. Headmaster's Salary raised — Candidates for the vacant Headship — James Townley chosen — a Pro- posal for the Introduction of mathematical Learning not encouraged by the Court — Declamations superseded by Repetitions— Secular Ode recited at the Hall — the Eunuch, of Terence performed by the Boys — Part of the Phormio acted — Troades of Seneca and Ruggles's Ignoramus performed — Townley carries his Pupils through a Course of Geography — Conduct of the Monitors censured by the Court — Powers of the several Masters more accurately defined— Charles Parkin's Benefaction of five or six Scholarships at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge— theatrical Exhibitions at School discouraged by the Company — Ffysshe's Ballings to be increased, according to the improved Rent of the House from which they issue — Proceedings in Chancery respecting Parkin's, Benefaction — Boys taught in the Chapel and Library, during a Repair of the School — Library fitted up for the common Use of the Masters— Wooller's Exhibition raised to an Equality with Vernon'&r-Beport of the Master in Chancery respecting Parkin's Benefaction, confirmed by the Chancellor — Applications for Juxo&'s Benefaction, now commonly called "Book-Money," to be made in Writing, and the Gift not disposed of, till a , subsequent Court-^rfurther Report of the Master in. Chancery, for settling Parkin's Scholarships, con- firmed by the Chancellor — no Boy who has been absent more than three Months, unless in case of sickness; to be received into the School, without the Consent of the Master and Wardens for the Tune being — Bowyer"s Compliment to Merchant-Taylors' School — Scheme for settling Dr. Stuart's Scholarships confirmed in Chancery — Townley dies-WThomas Green succeeds — an ill-advised Memorial presented to the Company, on behalf of a young Man who, to avoid Expulsion, had been obliged to resign his probationary Fellowship at St. John's — Green dies— Samuel Bishop succeeds — every 'Member of the Court to be summoned to the examination of the School's Probation — poetical Publi- " ication by the Head-Boys — Ffysshe's Batlings received a trifling Increase — Chapel repaired — •' Correspondence between the Company and the President, respecting the Qualifications of Ffysshe's, Vernon's, and Wooller's Exhibitioners — Master and Fellows of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, renounce Dr. Andrew's Benefaction — the Heir at Law claims the Property — the Company file a Bill, praying the Execution of the, Trust — Bishop dies — Candidates to succeed him — Thomas Cherry chosen — twa Boys expelled for disseminating Principles against the King and Constitution — the Queen's Birth-Day to be annually kept as a Holiday, in Memory of the Loyalty displayed by the Generality of the School, on this Occasion — the Holidays arranged — the Boys subscribe an hundred Guineas in Aid of the Voluntary Contribution for the Defence of the Country — Chancellor decides in favour of Trinity Hall — Company appeal to the House of Lords— ten Guineas per Annum voted by the Company, towards improving the Library — the Interest of Merchant-Taylors' School in Bishop Dee's Benefaction, decided by the Bishop of Ely to be limited to Scholars of the Bishop's Name or Kin — Decree in favour of Trinity Hall affirmed in the House of Peei* — the Company and the heir at Law agree to a Compro* - mise — six Civil Law Scholarships to be established at St. John's College, as of Dr. Andrew's Founda* CONTENTS. V lion — Quarterage and Breaking-up Money doubled— Salaries raised — s Sum of Money* which ha* been collected at School-Feasts, for the Benefit of Superannuated Boys, discovered and transferred to fresh Trustees — Visit of His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, &c. and the splendid Entertainment at the Hall on Election-Day, 1812 ' > Page 456—544 PART II. Chaf. I. — Of the principal Scholars of Merchant-Taylors' School,, from the Time of its Foundation to the Death of Elizabeth-; containing the Space of 'Forty-two Years. Beneficial Influence of Publick Schools, especially of such as are connected with the Universities— of Merchant-Taylors' hi particular— the Epoch at which it was founded — brief Survey of the Con- dition of the. Universities— the Posture of Affairs in Church and State— the Habits of the Nation- at large — Character of the first Schoolmaster — of the Presidents of St. John's College, Oxford, and Masters of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge — of the first Merchant-Taylors— Lancelot Andrewes, ThomasDove, John Wylford, and William Plat, among the first Scholars of Jesus College, Oxford— Progress of Cartwrighfs schisraatical Principles at Cambridge— Andrewes chosen Fellow of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge — Jbhn Spenser, Greek Reader at Corpus Chrlsti College, Oxford— Edwin Sandys, Fellow of the same College, sets out on his Travels-^Spenser assists Hooker in his ' Ecclesiastical Polity,'— Samuel Fox, Fellow of MagdaleH'College, Oxford— Thomas Heth, Fellow 'of All Souls, refutes Harvey the Astrotoger^-Thomas Bowsfield preferred to the Headship of St. Edmund's Hall, fee— Matthew Gwinne, Fellow of St. John's, a Disputant before the Polish Prince Albert Alaski, at -his Visit to , Oxford— Giles Tomson, Fellow of All Souls, Proctor of Oxford— Fox, having made, the Tour of Germany, &c. returns to England— Gwinne, Proctor of Oxford— Dove installed Dean of Norwich— Andrewes made Master of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge, fee—Fox chosen a Member of Parliament — - Andrewes decides in favour of the Oath ex officio— William Paddie, Fellow of St. John's, created Doctor of Medicine at Leyden— John Buckeridge, Fellow of St. John's, with Gwinne, Spenser, and Tonison, engaged in the Disputations before Queen Elizabeth at Oxford— Andrewes confers with Barrow, a Dupe of Cartwright's, under Sentence of Death— 'Richard Latewar, Fellow -of St. John's,- Proctor of Oxford— Gwinne attends Sir Henry Unton, on His Embassy to France, in Quality of Phy- sician— -Andrewes laments the too prevalent Discussions on the peculiar Doctrines of Calvin — Rowland, Searehfield, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor of Oxford— flourishing State of St. John's at this Time, principally owing to the Merchant-Taylor Members of that Society — John Periri, Fellow of St. John's, made Regius Professor of Greek in that University — Gwinne chosen Professor of Physiek, at the Institution of Gresham College, London — Edwin Sandys writes his ' •Eurffpm Speculum,' whiLe on his Travels — Dove preferred to the Bishoprick of Peterborough — Death of Henry Price, an elegant Poet— Andrewes made Dean of Westminster, fee— Latewar, Chaplain to Lord Mountjby in Ireland, killed by the Rebels— Tomson installed Dean of Windsor, fee. — Nicholas Lymby, George Rainsbee, John Rawlinson, John "Sansbury, Peter Lauson, Theophilus Tuer, Matthew Wren, Henry Campion, fee fee puhlisu Verses on the Death of the Queen. , Page 545— €04 "Chap. II.— Of the principal Scholars during the Reigns of James I. and Cliartes I. containing the Space of Forty-six Years. Edwin and Miles Sandys receive the Honour of Knighthood — Andrew«s assists at the Coronation of King James I. — Bishop Dove preacher a Funeral Sermon on the late Queen of Scots — Bishop Dove and Dean Andrewes, Commissioners at Hampton Court Conference — Buckeridge col- lated to the Archdeaconry of Northampton — Ralph Ravens with Andrewes,. Tomson, Perin, and C2 VI CONTENTS, • Spenser, engaged in translating the Bible— Perin made Canon of Christ Church, Oxford — Gwinne made Physician to the Tower — Perin, Paddie, and Gwinne, contribute to the entertainment of the King at Oxford — Dean Andrewes promoted to the See of Chichester — Archdeacon Buckeridge chosen President of St. John's— Bishop. Andrewes and JBuckeridge .preach before the King, for the Purpose of convincing the Scotch Presbyterians — Thomas Hutton engaged in a Controversy with the Puritans in the West of England— Sir William Paddie interests himself for William Laud, when lying under an Odium from the Puritans at Oxford— John Alder, with Lavvson and Tuer, remembered by Dr. Eainolds, in the Division of his Library — Spenser chosen President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford — Bishop Andrewes answers Cardinal Bellarmin, and is translated to the See of Ely — Death of Sansbury the Poet— Rawlinson elected Principal of St. Edmund's Hall— Sir Thomas Casar made one of the Barons of the Exchequer — Spenser appointed one of the Fellows of Chelsea College-rBishop Andrewes assists at the Consecration of three Scotch Bishops — Fox writes a Life of his Father the Mar- tyrologist — Death of Nicholas Hill — Bishop Andrewes recommended by his Episcopal Brethren to. succeed Archbishop Bancroft in the See of Canterbury — Death of Ralph Buckland — T°mson conse- crated Bishop of Gloucester, and Buckeridge Bishop of Rochester on the same Day — Bishop Buckeridge accompanies the Body of the Queen of Scots on its Removal to Westminster Abbey— the Muses of Merchant-Taylors' lament the Death of Henry Prince of Wales — Bishop Andrewes preaches before the Elector Palatine, &c— Bishops Andrewes and Buckeridge, being Delegates in the Case of Divorce betwixt the Lady Howard and the Earl of Essex, determine in the Lady's behalf- Death of Spenser, President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford — Bishop Buckeridge writes against , Cardinal Bellarmin — Wren distinguishes himself at Cambridge-xBishop Andrewes, Privy Counsellor , both in England and Scotland,, translated from Ely to Winchester — Bishop Buckeridge engages in the Controversy respecting kneeling at the Lord's Supper — Francis Deecollated to the Chancellorship of Sarum. — Christopher Wren, Fellow of St. John's,, Oxford, elected Proctor of the University — Search- field consecrated Bishop of Bristol — Michael Boyle, late Fellow of St. John's consecrated, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore— domestick Anecdote of George Hunt — Paddie and Gwinne appointed Commissioners for Tobacco — Sir James Whitelocke appointed Chief Justice of Chester— ^Christopher Wren made Chaplain to Bishop Andrewes — Sir Edwin Sandys committed for his Speech in Parliament — Bjshops Andrewes and Buckeridge, Commissioners to inquire into Archbishop Abbot's • alleged. Disqualification for exercising episcopal Functions, after killing Lord Zouch's Gamekeeper— William- Jvrxon elected President of St. John's — Bishop Andrewes engaged in censuring a seditious Preacher at Oxford, and in dismissing the fickle Archbishop of Spalato— "Deaths of Bishop Seav.chfield and Sir Samuel Sandys — Dr. Matthew Wren accompanies Prince Charles to Spain, and on his Return has a remarkable Interview with some Dignitaries at Bishop Andrewes* s Palace — Bishop Andrewes's Revival of the Deanery of Jersey — Sir James Whitelocke constituted one of the Judges of the King's Bench . — Dr. Matthew Wren promoted to a Stall, at Winchester— Sir William Paddie attends the King in his last Moments — Bishop Andrewes consulted by Order of Charles I. on the Subject of Religion — Bishop . Buckeridgeinterferes with the King in Behalf of.Montagu, the persecuted Author of * Appello Csesarem' — Bishop Andrewes deprecates the Revival of the Quinquarticular Controversy — Bishop Buckeridge jji Manager on tjie Side ofithe Anti-Cijlvhiists at a Conference— Dr. Matthew Wren chosen Master of Peterhouse in Cambridge — Death of Thomas Lodge — Bishop Andrewes ordered by the King to consider Bishop Goodman's Sermoa on the Real Presence — Death, and Character of Bishop An- drewes and Dr. Gwinne — Juxon promoted to. the Deanery of Worcester, &c. — Sir James Whitelocke justifies the Proceedings of the Court of King's Bench, in the Case of Sir John Heveningham, &c. — Bishop Buckeridge translated from Rochester to Ely — Dr. Matthew Wren promoted' to the Deanery cf Windsor, &c. — Thomas Atkinson, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor- of Oxford — Death of Sir J&dwin Sandys — Juxon and Harrison engaged in new-modelling the Statutes of the University cf CONTENTS. VII Oxford — William Foster exposes the Absurdities of the Kosacrucians — Deaths of Dr. Eawlinson and Bishop Buckeridge — Dean Wren dedicates the new Chapel, at Peterhouse, Cambridge— Death and Character of Sir James Whitelocke — Dean Juxon consecrated to the See of London — Dean Wren made Clerk of the Closet to his Majesty — Bishop Juxon makes a favourable Report of Church Affairs in the Diocese of London — James Shirley writes a Masque to be presented by the Inns of Court to their Majesties, and Bulstrode Whitelocke takes Charge of the Musick on the Occasion — Bishop Juxon pre- sented, by the Merchant-Taylors' Company, with a Basin and Ewer of Silver — Dean Dee elected Bishop of Peterborough, and Dean Wren Bishop of Hereford — Death and Character of Sir William Paddie — Bishop Wren, resigning the Deanery of Windsor, is succeeded in it by his Brother Christo- pher — John Edwards, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor of Oxford — Dr. John Speed, Fellow of St. John's, writes a Pastoral — Whitelocke distinguishes himself in the Profession of the Law — Bishop Wren trans- lated from Hereford to Norwich — Death of Bishop Boyle — Bishop Juxon .succeeds in enforcing the Observance of the Canons in London — William Sutton's Book against the Romanists published— Bishop Juxon made Lord High Treasurer of England — Bishops Juxon and Wren attend the King at Oxford, when Abraham Wright, George Wilde, John Goad, Humphry Brook, Edmond Gayton, and John Hyfield, sustain the Parts assigned them in the Entertainments at St John's very creditably—* Bishop Juxon receives a further Compliment from the Merchant-Taylors' Company — Death and Cha- racter of John' Jones, an English Benedictine — Bishop Wren revises the Scotch. Liturgy and Canons — Whitelocke declines engaging with the Covenanters — Bishops Juxon and Wren insulted by the Puritans —these learned Prelates employed in drawing up an Office of Penance for a Renegado— -Bishop Wren is particularly zealous in the discharge of his episcopal Duty, and is translated from Norwich to Ely- Death of Bishop Dee— Shirley, the Dramatick Writer, reduced to great Distress, from the Prevalence of Prinne's anti-theatrical Principles — Wright comes forward as a Preacher — Death of Hutton — Contest between Bi$hop v Juxon and Goodwin — indefatigable Exertion of Bishop Wren — Death of Dr. Speed — Whitelocke defends the Memory of his deceased Father, but lakes an active Part against the Earl of Strafford— the Commons send an Information to the Lords against Bishop Wren — Bishop Juxon resigns the Treasurer's StafS— his honest Advice to the King in the Case of the Earl of Strafford — Bishop Wren, impeached and sent to the Tower; — Wright draws up a Narrative of the Earl of Strafford's Trial— Whitelocke speaks against raising an Army for the Defence of .tTie Parliament, but afterwards accepts a Commission, and becomes an Opponent of the Royal Cause— Bishop Wren treated with particular harshnessr— Edwards assists the King's Troops at Oxford — Dean Wren plundered at Windsor — Shirley,, the Poet, turns Soldier — Whitelocke has frequent Conferences with the King, at Oxford — Intrepidity of Goad— rPeter Mews, William Howe, and John Speed,, volunteer in his Majesty's Service — Wilde, Wright, and Walwyri, distinguish themselves in the University : Pulpit— Whitelocke pleads for Peace, and is appointed to carry Propositions to the King— Bishop Wren included among the Delinquents who are not to be pardoned by the Parliament— private Conversation between the King and Whitelocke — Whitelocke speaks against the self-denying Ordinance — Death of Sir Miles Sandys— Whitelocke sl • Commissioner at the Treaty of Uxbridge — Whitelocke questioned in the House respecting his private Interview with the King — Wright's conscientious Refusal of Induction to a Living— Whitelocke opposes the Assumption of the Presbyterians— Goad preferred— Bishop Wren forms an Acquaintance with General Monk during his Confinement— Whitelocke's Assiduity both in and' out of Parliament- he disapproves the arbitrary Proceedings of the Committee of Lords and Commons — he is appointed: One of the Commissioners of the Great Seal— he complains of the Insolence of the Army— Joseph, Crowther, Fellow of St. John's, nominated to the Regius Professorship of Greek at Oxford, but not permitted to enjoy it — Gayton in Distress — resolute Behaviour of George Gisby to the parliamentarian Visitors— Thomas Winnard writes a Satire oh the new President of St. John's — Walwyn, Edwards, Gisby, Wilde, Goad, Mews, and Speed, expelled— David Hitchin, H«nry Osbaston, John Jennings, Vlll .CONTENTS. Arthur Buck;ertdge, and James Aston, expelled — Conduct of Wilde, Mews, Speed, and "froad, during the Storm— Bishop Juxon attends his Majesty at the Treaty in the Isleof Wight— Whitelocke feels uneasy in his high Post and secedes from the Parliament — Edmund Calamy, John Wells, and Benjamin Needier, remonstrate against the Trial of their Monarch — the King recommends Andrewes's Sermons to his Children — Bishop Juxon attends his Majesty during his Trial and Martyrdom — Sketch of the Sufferings of Archdeacon Layfield, Thomas Tucker, William Sherbourn, Joseph Crowther, and Edward Quarles, for their Attachment to the Church of England Page 605—739 Chap, III — Of the- principal Scholars during the Reigns of Charles II. James II. and WiUiam and Mary'; containing the Space of Fifty-three Years. - Bishop Wren, Shirley, and Wright, experience, in different Ways, during the Usurpation, the Benefits resulting from Education— Whitelocke, flattered by Cromwell, is made senior Commissioner of the Great Seal, and treated with great Respect at an Entertainment in the City— he befriends the Interests of Literature— he argues in Favour of the Bill for putting all legal Processes into English — Thomas Snelling writes a Tragedy— Howe devotes himself to the Study of Botany— Dean Wren lays the Foundation of the Royal Society — Whitelocke delivers his Sentiments in Favour of a monarchical Government — he defends the Right of Fishery in the British Seas— Francis Goldsmith translates a Tragedy from the Latin of Grotius— Calamy and Whitelocke oppose Cromwell's Project of Single Government — Whitelocke opposes Cromwell's Design of dissolving the Parliament — Death of Philip Parsons — Whitelocke sent as Ambassador to the Queen of Sweden, and is knighted by her — he con- cludes an Alliance between the Two Countries, returns to England, and receives the Thanks of Parliament— he is appointed One of the Visitors of Merchant-Taylors' and ether principal Schools—- Richard Heyrick, formerly Warden of Manchester, sides with the Presbyterians — Gayton publishes his Notes on Don, Quixote — Whitelocke resigns the Great Seal and is made One of the Commissioners of the Treasury — Wright keeps up the Service of the Church of England in some of the London Churches— Howe publishes a Wolfe on Botany— John Webb edits a Work of Inigo Jones's on Stoue- Henge — Death of Goldsmith— Whitelocke engaged in concluding the Swedish Treaty — Death of Howe— Whitelocke, as Lord Commissioner of, the Treasury, made Visitor of All Souls and Balliol Colleges — he takes the Lead in reviewing the English Translation of the Bible— he concurs with the Committee in advising Cromwell to take the Title of King— he is in great Favour with the Protector— he dislikes the Course of Publick Proceedings — Death of Dean Wren — Trial of Dr. John Hewit— Wilde attends Hewit before and at his Execution — Bishop Wren disdains the Terms offered by Cromwell for his Enlargement — Whitelocke declines receiving any further Marks of the Protector's ■ Favour — John Edwards distinguishes himself at St. John's, Cambridge — Thomas Wyatt, of 'St. John's, Oxford, made Proctor of that University — Whitelocke made One of the Keepers of the Great Seal by Richard Cromwell — he is named One of the Council of State, of the Committee of Ten, of the Cpm- mittee of Safety, of the Committee of Nineteen — he endeavours to counterbalance Monk's Proceedings^ but in vain — Bishop Wren consulted by the Royalists on the Prospect of the Restoration — Whitelocke retires from political Life — his Character— Bishop Wren is discharged from the Tower, and returns to Ely ■— Calamy promotes the Return of Charles II. and is offered the Bishoprick of Litchfield and Coyentry — Mews, Buckeridge, Winnard, Speed, and Gayton restored to their several Appointments at Oxford — William Quarles to his at Cambridge— Whitelocke narrowly escapes being excepted out of the gene- ral Pardon — he waits on the King, and is advised to spend the Remainder of his Life in Retirement- Mews, preferred to the Archdeaconry of Huntingdon — Heyrick returns to his Wardensliip at Manches- ter—Robert Davenant, William Walwyn, and William Bell, preferred— William Sherbourn, Arch- deacon Layfield, and Joseph Crowther, restored to their Dignities — Crowther marries the Duke of York to Lady Ann Hyde— Bishop Juxon raised to the" Archbishoprick of Canterbury— Wright returns CONTENTS. IX .-to his Benefice— Shirley is neglected — Wilde consecrated Bishop of Londonderry — Bishop Wren intro- duces the Thanksgiving-Service for the 29th of May — Goad is Called to the Head Mastership of Mer- chant-Taylors' — Crowther preferred — Calamy proposes an Accommodation with the Episcopal Party, and represents the Nonconformists at the Savoy Conference — Bishop Wren publishes a Treatise to prove the Unlawfulness of the Scotch Covenant — Calamy resigns his Living — Archbishop Juxon pub- lishes a Work for. the Satisfaction of the Clergy within his Province — Calamy committed to Newgate for an incautious Sermon— Bishop Wren's Zeal for Ecclesiastical Discipline unabated — Death, Cha- racter, and Interment of Archbishop Juxon — John Hall made Master of Pembroke College, Oxford- William Levinz made Regius Professor of Greek, at Oxford — D«ath and Character of Bishop Wilde- Bishop Wren builds, furnishes, and endows a Chapel at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge— Deaths of Shirley, Calamy, and Gayton — Edward Bernard, Fellow of St. John's, chosen Proctor of Oxford — Death and Interment of Bishop Wren — Archdeacon Mews elected President of St. John's, Oxford — Death of Heyrjck-i-Markland- publishes a Poem — Bernard goes to HoUand> and contracts a Friendship with many learned Men — Jeremiah Wells and Edward Waple distinguish themselves at the Opening of the Sheldonian Theatre at Oxford — Ambrose Bonwicke shows a Turn for Poetry— Ezekiel Hopkins pre- ferred to the Deanery of Raphoe — Archdeacon Mews installed Dean of Rochester — Deaths of Walwyn and Quarles — Bell preferred to the Archdeaconry of St. Alban's — Hopkins prompted to the Bishoprick of Raphoe — Deaths of Washbourn and Webb — The Miseries endured by Bonwicke at College— Dean Mews advanced to the Bishoprick of Bath and Wells — Bernard appointed Savilian Professor of Astro- nomy— Levinz elected President of St. John's Oxford — Waple presented to the Office of Proctor of Oxford— Death of Edward Sparke — Professor Bernard goes to France, and forms an Acquaintance . with the Literati of that Country — Death of Whitelocke — Hall elected Margaret Professor of Divinity . at Oxford — Death of Wells — Titus Oates discovers the Popish Plot — Several Papists, convicted prin- cipally on his Evidence, executed — Deaths of Sherbourn, Jeremiah Wells, Anthony Death, and Arch- deacon Layfield — Waple preferred — Lord Howard convicted and executed on Oates's Evidence- Richard Oliver, FeUfiw of S$. John's, chosen Proctor of Oxford— Goad removed from the Head- Mastership of Merchant-Taylors'— Oates neglected— Bishop Hopkins translated from Raphoe to Lon- donderry — Thomas Ward, preferred to the Archdeaconry of Wells, and Waple to that of Taunton — Levinz and James Astoni preferred — Death of Benjamin Needier — Professor Bernard goes a Second Time to Hollarid-r-Deat&: of. Archdeacon BeU — Oates prosecuted;— Bishop Mews translated; frorn.Bath and Wells to Winchester,— rVindictive Punishment of Oates — Bishop Mews, opposes the Duke qf Mpn- movfli — Oates's Surgeon condemned , and executed — Edward Sclater declares , himself a Papist — Riphard Blechenden preferrecU-Bonwicke chosen Head Master of Merchsuat-Taylprs' — Goad and Ber- nard, pursue their Philosophical Inquiries.— Oliver Installed in the. Archdeaconry of Surrey — Bishop Mews displeases the King, by confirming Dr> Hough in the Presidentship of Magdalen College Ox- ford ; but is afterwards restored, to his Visitatorial Power, and again confirms Hough in his President- ship — Bishop Hopkins returns into England, and officicates as a Parish Priest' — Sclater recovers from his Delusion— William Dawes, Hugh Boulter, and Joseph Wilcox commence their Academical Ca- reer — Oates .released from Confinement — Thomas Sayer installed in the Archdeaconry of Surrey— ••- Death of Goad— Professor Hall and Bishop Mews differ on the Expediency of altering the Liturgy to please the Dissenters— Death of Archdeacon Crowther— Bishop Mews protests against the Validity of Acts done in the Convention Parliament— Deaths and Characters of Wright and Bishop Hopkins- William Sherard, Fellow of St. John's, makes the Tour of the Continent-^Professor Hall nominated to the See of Bristol— Death of John Ru.dston— Bonwicke ejected— William Lowth enters. the Lists with Monsieur Le Clerc— Sir William Dawes, Philip Stubbs, and Archdeacon Waple, appear before the Publick as Authors— Sherard makes the Tour of the Continent a Secpnd Time— Markland made Master of St. Cross— Death of Humphry. Brooke— Bernard goes a Third Time to Holland — Lowlh X CONTENTS.' preferred— Deaths of Ward, William Crompton, Bernard, Blechenden, and Levinz— -William Delaune •chosen President of St, John's Oxford— Edward Lilly, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor of Oxford— Tho- jnas Roy appointed Regius Professor of Medicine — Sir William Dawes promoted to the Deanery of 'Booking— Hugh Boulter advanced to the Archdeaconry of Surrey —Duncan Dee elected Common -Serjeant of London— Difference of Opinion between Bishops Mews and Hall on the Duke of Norfolk's Divorce Bill— John Cooke appointed Advocate-General to King William III. . . Page 740 — 887 Chap. IV. — Of the principal Scholars during the Reigns of Anne, George I. and George II. con- taining the Space of Fifty-eight Years. Sherard begins to be engaged in Publick Employments — Delaune appointed Vice Chancellor of Oxford — Stubbs preaches against Occasional Communion — Calamy recommends himself to the Dissenting Interest — -Delaune preaches before the Commons — Sir John Cooke made Dean of the Arches, &c— Bishop Mews declines appointing a Fellow of New College — Delaune welcomes Queen Anne end Prince*George to Oxford — Sir John Cooke one of the Commissioners for uniting England and Scotland — John 'Rogers collated to the Archdeaconry of Leicester — Thomas Smith, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor of Oxford — S"ir William Dawes burlds a Chapel at Catharine Hall— Delaune and Smith - present the Oxford Verses to the Queen — Sir William Dawes loses a Bishoprick by his bold Preaching — Sherard visits the Seven Churches— Sir John Cooke proceeds in the Business of the Union — Charles Woodroffe preferred— Extraordinary Death of Bishop Mews — Sherard communicates with the Royal Society — Sir William Dawes made Bishop of Chester — Calamy jiublisnes his ' Caveat against the New Prophets' — Sir William Dawes opposes the Bill for naturalizing Foreign Protestants — Calamy compares the General Assembly to the Inquisition — Lee publishes his History of Montanism — Deaths of Bishop Hall, Sir John Cooke, and Dr. Speed — Abel Evans writes a Poem against Tindal— ■D«e defends Dr. Sacheverel — Sir William Dawes votes Sacheverel Not Guilty — Charles Blake pre- ferred — Conscientious Behaviour of ; Ambrose Bonwicke the Younger — Edmbnd Archer preaches be- fore the Lower House of Convocation — AVilliam Berriman prosecutes his Studies with great Success— ' Deaths of Cauntrell and Waple — Archer preferred to the Archdeaconry of Taunton — Nathaniel Tor- riano distinguishes himself in the House of Commons — Exemplary Life and Death of Ambrose Bon- wicke the Younger — Sir William Dawes translated from Chester to York ; and, shortly after, con- • ceiving the Protestant Succession in Danger, votes with -the Whigs — James Knight engages in the Trinitarian Controversy — Lowth begins to publish his Commentary on the Prophets — Isaac Sharp writes a Copy of 'Verses on the Queen's Death — Alexander Torriano made Clerk of the Closet to the "Princess of Wales— Delaune elected "Margaret 'Professor of Divinity at Oxford— Stubbs promoted to 1 the Archdeaconry of St. Alban's— 'Sir William Dawes very active in his Diocese and in Parliament — Death of Archdeacon Rogers — Conscientious Conduct of Nicholas Zinzano — Death of Dr. Edwards — Knight and Blake preferred — Sherard sends the Sigean Inscription to England— Sir Gerard Conyers chosen Sheriff— Death of Alexander Torriano— Sir William Dawes justifies the University of Oxford for not ringing Bells on the Regent's Birth-Day — Nicholas Amhurst begins his Political Career — Tho- mas Tooley publishes a Variorum Edition of Tully's Offices — Joshua Lasher made Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford— Sherard begins his much celebrated Pinax— Sir William Dawes opposes the Repeal of the Occasional and Schism Acts— Calamy writes a, Vindication of his Grandfather, &c— Berriman and Valentine Heywood appear in the Trinitarian Controversy— Am hurst expelled— Death ' and Interment of Lee— Archdeacon Boulter attends the King to Hanover, and is made Bishop of Bristol— Blake preferred to the Archdeaconry of York— John Gilman edits Xenophon's Memorabilia- Deaths of Parsell and Dee— Bishop Boulter preaches before the Lords, and Wilcox before the Com- mons— William Holmes, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor of Oxford— Thomas Mannington Gibbs pub- lishes his ' Doctrine of Morality'— Narrow Escape of Sherard— Amhurst publishes his ' Terrs Films' • COSNTEiNTS. ;xi Tf* ! Wilow elected, Bji&op of GlQUGe^r^B^rimanipr^c&es. before the C!apt'tves— .Thoaivas Haywood • publishes. f ; Primlljye iM^lity'^i-lioyrth's iCpnteBt [with; ,NiPrrnari — Archbisbipp Dawes ,provqs $he -.Quakers to be , no GhrietiaK(s-*-;€8iartes Wheatley publishesihjs '[Illustration of,the Bopk.pf.Gowirapn ..■Pnayep*-4-S»m!Hel Dowaes edits Bishop Sparrow's E.xposition^D.eathtc£ArQbroseBpawicke,the Elder; — . iCaiamy. publishes .te ^ectnous. on the {Trinity— r Archdeacon Stuhbs presents Twenty-icfje .'Manuscripts ; ttff-the iBoebteian Library — Sir Gerard Conyers elected Lord Mayor — John Byrom contributes to the Spectator — Death, Character, and Funeral Obsequies, of Sir William Dawes — Bishop Boulter trans- lated to they Primacy , of Ir«lai$— Berriman preaches Lady Mayer's Lecturesrr-Fwmate Boulter , espouses the,E_nglish Interest in Ireland — Deaths of Woodrooff and .Robert "Watts— Gilbert preferred J to, the -Deanery of Exeter— Berrimap ejected Fellow o( Eton— Winch .Holdsworfh , reflects on Mr. . ,|locke> in a.Sermon before tie University of Oxford— John, Smith, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor, of .Oxford— Death ,of Laurence,.Smjtht— Richard Roach wrjtes.a Congratulatory, Poem on. the CoxopaJJon of .GeOjfge JI. — Deaths and Characters of Tir. Gibbons, Dejaune, Markland, and ,Sherard— 'Munificence -cf-.Prirflate^Boulter-y-Deaih of .Professor Lasher— Amburst becomes the ostensible Author offtie ., ^ Qraftsma 1 n'~-j-Deaths of Roach, Archdeacon Blake, and,John Smith-r-ArchdjpacpnStmjbs makes a/fur- .Ijierj Pre^nt of Manuscripts to the Bodleian Library— Bishop Wilcox translated from Gloucester, to -^oche^keTr-nBerriman drawn into Controversy with Dr. Cqnyers Mid.dleton-fDeaths of Lbwth, Wil- > liam..Fjestell, ,and. Calamy— -Thomas BreWster begins his Translation of Persius— Primate Boulter en- t .._<5quK(gep ["English Protestant Working-Sgjiools in Ireland — Knight chosen a Proctor in Convocation— Berriman resolves a Case of Conscience— Deaths of Dr.' Stuart and "Archdeacon Stubbs — Nathaniel • ?MarcJiy(ick's Publication respecting the Jews — Death of Knight — Primate Boulter writes to the Twelve -Cornpajjiip in Behalf of the Projtestant Interest" in' Ireland-^WiHiam" Derliam, Fellow of "St. John's, -Proctor.of Oxford— Holmes appointed Regius Professor of Mo'derii History— Amhurst arrested by the J^inisfrvj but soon set at Liberty— Death of Sir "GeWU Conyers— Primate "Boulter insulted by Dean • Swift— rDeaths of Evans) Briri'se,' arid Zinzano — Berriman endeavours to stop the Progress pf Me- • -j^wdisnir^Dean Gilbert made Bishop of Llandaff— Wheatl'ey's Health' declines — Fresh Instance of oPrimate Boulter's Munificence — William Watson's early Predilection Tor'Bo'tariy— Death of Gilman--- Holmes, preferred to the Deanery of Exeter — Deaths of Amhurst) Wheatley, arid Primage Boulter—* Wateonr communicates with the Royal Society — John Thomas consecrated to' the See of Lincoln— John ,-Xjloyd, Fellow of St. John's, Proctor of Oxford — Death of John Eames— Watson makes Discoveries in Electricity— John Stracey chosen Recorder of London — John Duncan, an Arrhy'Ch'apTairiin Scot- land — Robert Clive, a Writer in the Service of the East India Company — Death of Haywood — Ed- ward Rowe Mores corrects Calasio's Hebrew Concordance — John Monro, Fellow of St. Johns's Ox- ford, on his Travels — Death of Dr. Andrew— Clive makes his First Appearance in a Military Capacity —Death of Dean Holmes — Derham elected President of St. John's Oxford — Bishop Gilbert translated from Llandaff to Salisbury— Stracey knighted — Clive distinguishes himself at Pondicherry, fee- Death and Character of Berriman — Isaac Schomberg's imprudent Contest with the College of Phy- sicians—George Hay made Chancellor of Worcester — Three Merchant-Taylors' Candidates for the Geometry. Professorship at Gresham College — Captain Clive attacks and takes the City of Arcot; and, before the End of the Campaign, makes himself Master of several Forts — Watson nominated a Trustee of the British Museum, by Sir Hans Sloane — Bishop Thomas appointed Preceptor to the Prince of Wales — Captain Clive relieves Arcot ; and, having dispossessed the Enemy of nearly all the Carnatic, returns to Madras, and embarks for England, where he is received with great Affection and Esteem — Watson and Mores continue their respective 'Pursuits in Botany and Antiquities — Captain Clive is appointed Governor of Fort St. David, and employs his Forces against Angria the Pirate with Suc- cess—Death of Bishop Wilcox— Hay made one of the Lords of the Admiralty— Colonel Clive com- mands the English Troops sent out for the Relief of Bengal, and takes Calcutta— Death of Derham —Watson begins to practise as a Physician— Bishop Gilbert translated from Salisbury to York— d XU CONTENTS. William Disney preferred to the Regius Professorship of ^Hebrew at Cambridge— Colonel Clive; fights a famous Battle in the Neighbourhood of the Grove of Plassey ; and, after triumphing suc- cessively over the hostile Native Powers, the French, and the Dutch, returns to England— early History of Samuel Beuzeville — James Townley produces the celebrated Farce of ' High Life Below Stairs'-— Death of John Locker — Disney writes a Hebrew Gde to the Memory of George II. Page 888—1124 Chap. V.—Of the principal Scholars during the Reign of George III. Death of Archbishop Gilbert— Bishop Thomas translated from Lincoln to Salisbury— Samuel Bishop writes an Ode on the King's Marriage — Clive raised to the Peerage — Death of Holdsworth— Bishop exercises his Poetical Talent — John Moore engages in educating Two young Africans—Peter Whalley undertakes the History of Northamptonshire— Death of Byrom— Lord Clive returns to India — Hay made Dean of the Arches — Lord Clive, arrives at Calcutta, and reforms a Number of Abuses among the Company's Servants— Deaths of Thomas Hitchcock and Charles Parkin— Mores of great Service to the Equitable Society — Beuzeville opens a New French Church— John Moore the Younger cultivates a Taste for Biblical Criticism. — Conclusion— Apology for not bringing the History of the principal Scholars of the School* in a regular Form, down to a later Period — Reason for not altogether passing over in Silence the Names of some estimable Characters, either recently deceased, or still living ......*'... J ... . Page 1125 — 1148 Patrons . ^ .......................... . 1149— 1164 Genealogical Account of some of the Families derived from. Bedo Dee . . . . . . 1165—1176 Head Masters . . 1177—1178 First Undermasters -;-. . 1179 — 118I Second Undermasters ".'... \J _■ nathe Marchaunt has now for some centuries been superseded by the Mer- chant, I shall not for a moment entertain the hope of seeing his restoration. But, til! the ancient families of Bayley, Cayley, • Gaylard, Nayler, &c. are modernized into Bailies, &c. I trust the Taylors with a y, will keep out the Tailors with an i, especially as (without meaning any- thing uncivil to a trade so conducive to our personal comfort) the latter mode- of spelling must Unavoidably lead the publick to suppose that the Company is composed of -men whose business it is to make clothes, whereas there are none of that trade on the Court of the Com- pany, and of the 300 on the livery, which is open to men of all professions, not 10 are to be PREFACE. XIX And, as appears by the Oath prescribed to be taken by every person admitted on the Livery, provision was made that the Company should, in found who are tailors by trade. And as for the Merchant-Taylors of old time, it is not to be denied that they were principally engaged in manufacturing pavilions for our kings, robes of state for our nobles, and tents, &c. for our soldiers. Hence the arms they bear, a pavilion between two royal mantles. Nor is it undeserving of notice, that when latinized, they were never called 1 by any term implying makers of ordinary garments, but Mercatores Scissores;< and though both Taylors with a y, and Tailors with an i, are of the same origin, being derived from the French tattler, to cut, it is not unusual, in our language, for a word, having two acceptations, to acquire in time a variety in its spelling, for the better marking of its several senses. And therefore, since, on the authority of Dr. Johnson, it seems settled that the makers of clothes shall be spelt tailors, I would suggest that they, whose business was not of that limited nature, ought to retain the old orthography, which even Pennant, in his account of London, p. 598, &c. does not disturb, though he seems anxious enough to identify the Merchant- Taylors of London, with tailors and sons of tailors, in every part of the kingdom. In the year 1778, Mr. Nathaniel Clarkson, a member of the Court, presented the Company with a picture, painted by himself, for the ornament of their Court Room ; for which the Court, on the 17th of December, returned their thanks, and required him to accept of a piece of plate from the Company, of the value of £25, with the Company's coat of arms engraved thereon. — See Minutes of.CotirL i"7 E>«c. 1778. The picture represents the King on his throne, delivering the Charter to the Master, War* dens, and Court of Assistants of the Company. His attendants are, Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury, Lord High Chancellor, with Fox, Bishop of Winchester, Lord Privy Seal, on his right-hand; and, on his left, Robert Willoughby, Lord Brooke, Steward of the Household. In the niches, are the statues of Edward the Third and John of Gaunt, ancestors of Henry the Seventh. On the fore ground is the Clerk exhibiting, the Roll, with the names of the Kings who were free of the Company. In the back ground are the banners of the Company, and of the City of London. The Yeomen of the Guard, at: the entrance of the Palace, close the view. The Charter was signed by the King at Westminster, on the 6th of January, in the 18th year of his reign. RICHARD SMITH, Master. HUGH ACTON, } WILLIAM BATISON, ( JOHN SKEVYNTON, f Waraem ' JAMES MONCASTREJ Maitland, in his History, vol. i. p. 220, says, that the Company purchased this Charter, by which they thenceforwards obtained the stile of Merchant-Taylors ; but it does not appear upon what authority. e XX PREFACE. all time to come, consist of men fearing God, honouring the king, and loving the brotherhood.* ■ * " The Oath of every Person admitted on the Livery. " You shall swear that you shall be true to our Sovereign Lord the King, and to his heirs, Kings of England ; You shall be a good and true Brother unto the Merchant-Taylors, of the fraternity of St. John Baptist, of London, whereof you are now a full Brother admitted ; You shall not from henceforth withstand nor disobey the summons of the Master and Wardens of the said fraternity, for the time being, at such time as you be summoned, without a reasonable excuse be had to the contrary. Also, You shall not discover the lawful Councils of the said fraternity and mystery, that should be kept secret within yourself; You shall come to the Quarter-Days and other Assemblies, for the worship and profit of the said fraternity, as often and when as you shall be thereunto lawfully warned, or else to pay for every time being absent, without a reasonable excuse be had, such penalty as is according to the effect of an ordinance thereof made. You shall not withdraw your person in time to come, being in good health and. within this city, from the Feast, kept yearly about Midsummer, and holden at the Common-Hall of the said fraternity, because you would not bear the Office, Room, and Charge, of the Master or of a Warden of the same fraternity. Also you shall not use customably any unlawful things, nor ungodly usages, that should be against good conversations and honest conditions; that is to say, you shall be no common rioter, common dice-player, common night-walker, nor use the, company of untrue jurors ; nor customably haunt uncovenantable plncco, wher&by.and through, whose ungodly demeanour and ill-rule, the said fraternity and mystery might be brought' into great infamy, slander, and rebuke; and, if you know auy.Brother of the said fraternity that hath offended in any of these points before rehearsed, you shall warn the Master or Wardens thereof, that they, with the advice of the Assistants, or the more part of them, there to be ■ called, may, after their wise discretions, ordain a convenient and lawful remedy for the: reforma- tion of the said misdemeanors and ill-doings, as of charity they, ought to do to their Brother. You shall keep to your power all the lawful ordinances and acts, now ready made within your said fraternity, as far as shall concern or belong to your charge. All these points, and all the articles above specified and rehearsed, as much as in you is, you shall well and truly, on your> behalf, keep and observe to your power, as near as God shall send yqu grace So help you God." Such is the solemn pledge of personal and political rectitude, which is given by every member of the Merchant-Taylors' Company at his admission into this antient fraternity. Similar oaths,, it may be presumed, are required of all whp are admitted into Fellowship with any of the other civil Incorporations of London. And, if so,, never can we sufficiently admire the excellence of our municipal Institutions. They bespeak our ancestors to have been a wise and an understand- ing people, who, knowing that religion and virtue were the only solid fpundation of national greatness and individual happiness, took care to insert, a due regard for piety and decorum, in every part of the constitutional edifice. But ill shall. we deserve to be the posterity of. such, men, if we suffer the administration of such oaths to be considered a mere matter of fojm, or if, after having taken them, we do not endeavour to keep them, " as near as God shall send us grace." PREFACE.. XXI Their spacious and stately Hall in Threadneedle Street,* was not only at the service of their fellow citizens, whenever publick processions re- quired a place of rendezvous,t more commodious than what the taverns * Merchant-Taylors' Hall, situate near the south-east corner of Threadneedle- Street, and in the Parish of St. Martin Outwich, in the City and Diocess of London, is built upon the site ■of an ancient house possessed by one Edward Crepin, or Dominus Crepin, who, in the year -1331, sold it to John of Yakesley, the -King's Pavilion maker, for the use of the Linen Ar- mourers or Taylors of the Guild and Fraternity of St. John Baptist, who at that time met at a House or Hall at the back of the Red Lion in Basing Lane. 1 It was 1 formerly adorned with curious and valuable hangings, containing the History of their patron Saint. Besides the Hall, properly so called, there are two large and handsome rooms, and a smaller one, in which the Court usually assemble to treat of the business of the Company i There is likewise a good house for the official residence of the Clerk. At the corner of Threadneedle Street, eastward, where it fronts Bishopsgate Street, is Seated the Parish Church of St. Martin Outwich, a valu- able Rectory in the patronage of the Merchant-Taylors'Company. —Stow's Survey, vol.i. p. 458, and Maitland's History of London, vol. ii. p. 846. t " On the 17th of September 1583, the Citizens of London held a very splendid shooting- match, under the direction of the Captain of the London Archers, who was styled 'The Duke of Shoreditch,' on the following occasion : King Henry the Eighth having appointed a great shooting-match at Windsor, it happened that, towards night, when the diversion was almost over, one Barlow, a Citizen of London and inhabitant of Shoreditch, out-shot all the rest ; wherewith Henry was so exceedingly pleased, that he told Barlow that thenceforth he should be called * The Duke of Shoreditch,' which appellation the Captain of the London Archers enjoyed for ages after. " This Captain of the Band of London Archers summoned his nominal nobility to accom- pany him with their several Companies on so solemn an occasion, under the following titles, — viz. The Marquisses of Barlo, Clerkenwell, Islington, Hoxton, and Shackerwell, and the Earl of Pancras, &c. who, being met at the time and place prefixed, the pompous march began from Merchant-Taylors' Hall, consisting of three thousand Archers, sumptuously ap- paralled, nine hundred and forty-two whereof having chains of gold about their necks. This splendid Company was guarded by Whifflers and Bill-men, to the number of four thousand, besides pages and footmen ; and marching thro' Broad Street, the residence of the Duke their Captain, continued their march through Moorfields by Finsbury to Sniithfield ; where, after having performed their several evolutions, they shot at the target for glory." — Nichols's Pro- gresses of Queen Eliz. vol. ii. p. 208. In a Note, p. 86, I notice, that Mulcaster, the first Master of Merchant -Taylors' School, was fond of archery ; and it is not improbable that, though a Divine and a Schoolmaster, he was one who, on this day, " shot at the target for glory," as in his ' Positions,' published only two years before, he has this passage in a chapter " Of Shooting," as a branch of education : " In the middest of so many earnest matters, I may be allowed to entermingle one, which hath e2 XX11 PREFACE. of the metropolis could then afford, but was often the scene of royal enter- tainments more splendid and magnificent than the most gaudy fetes of the present day.;}; a relice of mirth, for in praysing of Archerie, as a principall exercise, to the preseruing of health, how can I but prayse them, who professe it throughly, and maintaine it nobly, the friendly and franke fellowship of Prince Arthur's knightes in and about the citie of London, which of late yeares haue so reuiued the exercise, so countenanced the artificers, so enflamed emulation, as in the~selues for frindly meting, in workemen for good gayning, in companies for earnest comparing, it is almost growne to an orderly discipline, to cherishe louing society, to enrich labouring pouertie, to maintaine honest actiuity, which their so encouraging the vnder travellours, and so encreasing the healthfull traine, if I had sacred to silence, would not my good freind in the citie Maister Hewgh Offly, and the same my noble fellow in that order Syr Launcelot, at our next meeting, haue giue~ me a sowre nodde, being the chiefe furtherer of the fact, which 1 commend, and the famosest Knight, of the fellowship, which I am of ? Nay, would not euen Prince Arthur himselfe, Maister Thomas Smith x and the whole table, of those wel known knights, and most actiue Archers, haue layd in their chaleng against their fellow knight, if speaking of their pastime I should haue spared their names? Whereunto I am easily led, bycause the exercise deseruing such praise, they that loue so praiseworthie a thing neither can of them selues, neither ought at my hand to be hudled vp in silence."— Pp. 102, 103, Mulcaster's peculiarities of spelling being observed in the above extract* it may serve to illus- trate what is said in the Note, page 87. t Of the Company's entertainment of King James I. and his son, Prince Henry, whom they presented with a purse of gold and his freedom, the reader may see an account in a note to, page 17'2, of this work ; and of the entertainment given to King Charles I. in the year 1633, in Maitland, vol. i. p. 304. On the former of these occasions the following Ballad was written: — A Delightful Song of the four famous Feasts of CnglanlJ, one of them ordained by King !J)Cntg the Seventh, to the Honour of Merchant- Taylors ; shewing how seven Kings having been free of that Company, and how lastly it was graced with the Renowned if}enrg of tiil glorifies the JFestittal Of great §>aint Georges Dap* Che ftonouren a^apor of London the seconD jf east otuains, I5p tohich the toottfrp Citi^etts much commenuations gains: iFor lotDS anD 3luDges of theHanH, anD knights of gooo request Co Guildhall come to countenance ILorD ajagor of Londons jFeast, afso the Serjeants of the JLato, another least afforcs, flftith grace anD honour glorifien hp Engiands nohle loros 5 $nD this toe call the^erjeantsjfeast, a thiro in name anD place j Xut pet there is a fourth liftetoise nesetoes a gallant grace. Che $£erchant*Caplors Companp, the jFeilotoship of jFame, Co Londons lasting Dignitp, lities honour d toith the same t a gift Eing Henry the %euenth gaoe, , Itept once in three gears still, Cohere golD anD gotons he to poor gioen hp Eing Henries foiii. [men jFult manp a gooD fat iijitcft he sent, the fairest anD the hest Che Ejngs large jForest can afforD; to grace this toorthg jFeast* a jFeast that ma&es the numher just, anD last account of four, Cherefore let England thus recotti, , of jfeasts there he no more, Chen let all London companies, so htghip in renoton, [fame, 0itfe ajjerchant*Caglors name anD to toear the &atorell Croton, Jfor seuen of Engiands rogal l&ingS, . thereof haDe all heen free, 3nD toith their ioues anD fatiourft this toortfjp Companp, , [grac'D, , EingRichard oncethe§)econDnam'D unhappp in W fall, ©f all his race of isopal Etngs, teas Jfreeman first of all. Bullingbrook fourth Henry ne*t» hporDer himsucceeDS, Co glonfie fiis iBrotherhooD hp manp Wncelp DeeDs*. XXIV PEEFACE. of London, who have been free of the Society of Merchant-Taylors, form jFifth Henry, fohich SO DaliaMlg DeseroeQ fame in France, IBecame free of this Compang, fait London to aDoance : g>irth Henry the nert in raign, though luckless in his Dages, ©f s©erchant--€agiors freeman toas, to their eternal praise. jFouttfe Edward that most toorthg heloo'D of great anD small [King, 3lso performeti a . jFreemans lotie to this Eenotoneo ©all: ChirD Richard, tohich hg crueltg Drought England mang tooes, fflnto this toorthg Compang no little faoour shotos. 'But richest favour get at last, procceoeo from a King, [toorlD 2£those KingDom rounn ahout the in Princes ears Do ring : [tjenth King Henry tohom toe call the ^e= maoe them the greatest grac'D, Xeeause in9©erchant=Caglors ©all his Picture noto stanos plac'D. Cheir Charter teas his princelg gift, maintaineo to this Dag, ©e arsoeo agarchant to the Barne of Caglors, as some sag, @)oa£erchant*Caglors theghe ealPD, his Eogal LoDe toas so, Bo London compang the li&e estate of Kings can shoto. Jfrom time to time toe thus hefiolD the Merchant- Caglors on of our gooo King. Co tell the toelcome to the toorlD he then in London hao, alight fill us full of pleasant j'oges, anD make our hearts full glaD. f is triumphs tohere gerform'o anD long lasting toill remain [Done, anD Chronicles report aright, the otDer of it plain. From ' The Crown Garland of Golden Roses, gathered out of England's royal Garden. Set forth in many Pleasant new Songs and Sonnets ; with new additions, never before imprinted. London 1692.' communicated to me by a Member of the Court, distinguished for the urbanity of his manners, Samuel Dobree, Esq. PREFACE. XXV a list not to be rivalled by the proudest roll any other Company can exhibit.* * The following Table is for the most part taken from one printed during the Mastership of the late Mr. William White, in 1793-4; only it may be necessary to inform the reader that the. dates affixed to the names of the foreign Potentates, Peers, and Heroes, denote the years in which' the individuals were respectively admitted' to the Freedom of the Company, though in some instances they are recited under titles which they had not at the time of their admission ; as, for instance, William de la Pole, admitted in 1446, was not Duke of Suffolk till 1448, and Humphrey Stafford, admitted in 1427, was not Earl of Northampton till J 460. The dates affixed to the names of the Lord Mayors denote the years in which they served the high office of." chief magistrate of London. KINGS. Edward- • • ■ •- III. Richard • II. Henry . .' IV. Henry V. Henry . . • VI. Edward IV.. Richard • ... III. H eniy . . . . VII. Charles . . . . . T. James II. FOREIGN POTENTATES. Charles Lodowicke, Pr. Elector of Bavaria 1645 Alexander I. (Emperor of Russia) 1814 Frederick William III. (King of Prussia) 1814 f PRINCES AND DUKES. John, Duke of Lancaster, • • • Edmund, Duke of York, • ••• Thomas, Duke of Gloucester, Thomas, Duke of Surry, ..... 1385 1390 1390 1399 Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, 1414 Richard, Duke of York, 1434 John, Duke of Norfolk, 1438 William, Duke of Suffolk, 1446 George, Duke of CJarence, • • • • 1462 John, Duke of Norfolk, • • 1469 George, Duke of Bedford, 1469 Edward, Duke of Buckingham,. « ..*.*. 1510 Henry, Prince of Wales, • • » • Lodowick, Duke of Lennox, Henry, Duke of Gloucester, George, Duke of Buckingham, • • James, Duke of Ormond, •»• *• • • James, Duke of Monmouth, •••• Henry, Duke of Grafton, Francis, Duke of Somerset, Christopher, Duke of, Albemarle, George, Prince of Denmark, Arthur, Duke of Wellington, and Field- Marshal of England, • • • • 1607 1607 1661 1661 1662 1674 1675 1677 1814 •V To this list of. Princes and Dukes, will prpbably, ere long,, be added his Royal Highness the. ^uke.of York and his Grace the Duke of , Norfolk^ but, at the time, of my writing this, they, have not been admitted, XXVJ, PREFACE.. But it is not on these adventitious honpurs, that the glory of the Qm& pany of Merchant-Taylors is founded. It originates in the good use which. EARLS. Roger, Earl of March, 1351 Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, ,. • • 1373 Edmund, Earl of March, 1377 Henry, Earl of Northumberland, 1379 John, Earl of Pembroke, 1379 Thomas, Earl of Nottingham, 1388 Edmund, Earl of Rutland, • • • • 1390 Thomas, Earl of Warwick, 1390 Thomas, Earl of Warwick, 1390 Thomas, Earl of Nottingham, 1390 John, Earl of Huntingdon, 1390 William, Earl of March, , 1397 Edward, Earl of Kent, V. 1407 Richard, Earl of Warwick, 1411 John, Earl of Huntingdon, 1412 James, Earl of Ormond, 1412 Edmund, Earl of March, 1414 Thomas, Earl of Salisbury, 1414 Henry, Earl of Northumberland, 1420 Humphrey, Earl of Northampton, • • • • 1427 William, Earl of Eu, 1429 John, Earl of Oxford, 1434 William, Earl of Arundel, 1440 John, Earl of Worcester, • 1451 Richard, Earl of Warwick, 1452 Henry, EarJ of Dorset, ...... John, Earl of Shrewsbury, ••♦ • John, Ear] of Oxford, John, Earl of Suffolk, Charles, Earl of Nottingham, • Thomas, Earl of Suffolk, Thomas, Earl of Arundel, Henry, Earl of Oxford, Edward, Earl of Worcester, • • Robert, Earl of Essex, Henry, Earl of Northampton, ■ Robert, Earl of Salisbury, Philip, Earl of Montgomery, • • William, Earl of Pembroke, • • James, Earl of Perth, Robert, Earl of Warwick, .... Arthur, Earl of Anglesey, • • • • Robert, Earl of Sfiarsdale, • . • • John, EarJ of Mu}graye,» Thomas, Earl of Sussex, .... Edward, Earl of Manchester, • Heneage, Earl of Nottingham, Henry, Earl of Peterborough, ■ Thomas, Earl of Ossory, .... Charles, Earl of Plymouth, • . • 1453 1466 1468 1469 16P7 1607 1607 1607 1607 1603 1607 1607 1607 1607 1607 1629 1661 1662 1674 1674 1674 1675 PRELATES. Simon, Lord Bishop of London, ........ 1373 William, Lord Bishop, of London, 1378 Robert, Lord Bishop of London, . 1382 John, Lord Bishop of Durham, 1382 Walter, Lord Bishop of Durham, 1391 Edmund, Lord Bishop of Exeter, 1397 Thomas, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, 1401 Nicholas, Lord Bishop of London, .... 1406 Henry, Lord Bishop of St. David's, .... 1411 Henry, Lord Bishop of Winchester, « • Philip, Lord Bishop of Worcester, • • • • John, Lord Bishop of London, William, Lord Bishop of London, . . . . Thomas, Lord Bishop of Worcester,. . Marmaduke, Lord Bishop of Carlisle, Robert, Lord Bishop of Salisbury • ■ • . Robert, Lord Bishop of London, • • • • Thomas, Lord Bishop of Ely, 1412 1422 142$ 1428 1432 1432 1437 1438 1444 PREFACE. SXVM 4ftey have always made of the great estates belonging to them. They have 1>een from age to age the almoners of the benevolent, and have discharged their trust with integrity and honour. John, Lord Bishop of Rochester, 1445 Thomas, Lord Bishop of London, 1449 William, Lord Bishop of Winchester, • • 1452 George, Lord Bishop of Winchester, and Chancellor of England, 1459 Lawrence, Lord Bishop of Durham," John, Lord Bishop of Exeter, John, Lord Bishop of Rochester, ••• William, Lord Bishop of London, • • • Henry, Lord Bishop of London, • • • 1469 1469 1476 .1632 1676 BARONS, &c. Robert, Lord Willoughby, Richard, Lord Scroop, • • • John, Lord Ross, Ralph, Lord Nevill, Thomas, Lord Furriival, • • Reginald, Baron Grey, • • • 1388 1388 . 1390 1390 • 1390 1390 Robert, Baron Scales, 1394 Robert, Baron D'arcy, Henry, Baron Percy, Edmund, Lord Grey, ■ John, Lord Plantagenet, Thomas, LoTd Plantagenet, Henry, Lord Scroop, John, Lord Loyel, William, Lord Ferrers, William, Lord Zouch, Gayland, Lord Doves, 1394 1397 1399 1407 1409 1411 1412 1413 1413 1413 Barnard, Lord Delamote, ...... . . 1413 Barnard, Lord Monntferant, 1413 John, Lord Willonghby, • • • • • . 1414 Henry, Lord Fitz-Hugh, 1414 Thomas, Lord MaKravers, 1414 Richard, Lord Bergavenny, 1415 John, Lord Roos, ►.,....►., 1420 John, Lord Grey, - 1420 Humphrey, Lord Stafford, 1423 Lewis, Lord Bourchier, •'•• • • • 1423 John, Lord Scroop, 1425 Robert, Lord Ross, • • 1425 William, Lord Zouch, • • • - • 1425 William, L6rd Lovel, 1425 William, Lord Harrington, • Thomas, Lord Carew, • Walter, Lord Fitz-Walter, - • 1425 John, Lord Talbot, • 1426 John, Lord Grey, 1426 John, LordDudley, • 143-1 Richard, Lord Strange, 1434 Edmund, Lord Ferrers, 1434 Carew, Lord Carew, Reginald, Lord De Lawarr, —•.... 1434 Richard, Lord Hastings, 1434 Robert, Lord Poynings, 1434 Lewis, Chancellor of France, 1437 Edward, Lord Bergavenny, 1437 George, Lord Latimer, ► • • • 143J7 Thomas, Lord Scales, • • • • 1440 John, Lord Lisle, ...... •-■ 1444 John, Viscount Beaumont, 1445 Thomas, Lord. Ross, 1445 Welles, Lord Welles, 1445 Richard, Lord De Lawarr, 1458 Henry, Lord Fitz-Hugh, 1460 Humphrey, Lord Stafford, • • 1460 William, Lord Hastings, 1460 Thomas, Lord Stanley, 1466 Richard, Lord Dacre, 1466 William, Lord Herbert, 1468 / XXVJ11 PREFACE. When all lands and possessions, employed for the support of superstition, and maintenance of idle Priests, were by act of Parliament granted to the Crown and seized into the hands of King Edward VL the Corporations of London were obliged to pay to his Majesty, as rent charges, all such portions of the rents of their lands as had been appropriated' by their benefactors to superstitious uses. This was a great blow to ihe Merchant-Taylors' Com- pany in particular, as it not only diminished their revenue, but rendered it impossible for them to continue their charitable donations. Nor was there Walter, Lord Ferrers, ......... 1466 Robert, Lord Morley,. 1469 Anthony, Loud Rivers,, 1476 John, Lord in Godshalckoor,. 1607 William, Lord Cranborn, 1607 William, Lord Eure, 1607 John, Lord Hunsdon, . 1607 Knolles, Lord KiioJles, 1607 1607: , 1607 1607 •• 1632 William, Lord Beresford, 1814 John, Lord Eldon, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. . . ••• 1814 James, Lord. Hay, Sanker, Lord Sanker, • • • William, Lord Burghley, ■ William, Lord Craven, • NAVAL AND MILITARY HEROES ... BELOW THE PEERAGE. Admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth, K.B. •• 1806 Admiral Sir Alexander Cockrane, K.B. • • 1806 Admiral Sir Thomas Louis; Bart. 1806 General Sir John Stuart, K.B ., . . 1808 Captain. Sir Home Popharo, Knt 1808 Sir John Percival, 1499 Sir Stephen Jennings, • • 1524 Sir Henry Hobblethorne, 1547 Sir Thomas White, - • • • 1554 Sir Thomas Offley, 1557 Sir Wjllram Harper, .. . . . 1562 Sir Thomas Rowe, 1569 Sir Robert Lee, • • 1603 Sir Leonard Halliday, 1606 Sir William Craven, 1611 Sir John Swinnerton, 1613 Sir John Gore, « 1625 Sir Robert Ducy, Bart. 1631 Sir, William Acton, Bart. 1642 LORD MAYORS OF LONDON. Sir Abraham. Reynardson, .• •-•■. . . . Sir Richard Browne, Bart. ....... Sir William Bolton, . Sir William Turner, • • • Sir Patience Ward, Sir William Pritchard, Sir William. Ashurst, Sir Edward Clarke, • • • Sir Robert Bedingfield, • • • .• Sir John Ward, Sir John Salter, Sir Robert Westley, John Ansley, Esq. Sir Claudius Slephen Hunter, Bart. 1649 1661 1667 1669 1681 1683 1694 1697 1707 1719 1740 1744 1807 1811 PREFACE. XXIX any way left them, but to purchase of the King these rent charges on the best terms they could. And this they did by selling some of their other lands to'enable them to make the purchase, and then they employed their possessions to good uses, according to the original intention of them, abaiiiig 4he superstitions.* In these instances, however, they were principally engaged in disbursing the benevolence of others in pursuance of the wills of deceased benefac- tors. But, in setting apart the superfluity of their wealth towards the ittaintenance of a Grammar School, and, amidst all the revolutions of their, affairs, preserving unshaken their attachment to the interests of learning and religion,, they display a munificence of character not to be paralleled by any other Guild in the metropolis or the country, and if not in- the island of Great Britain', certainly not in the world itself. And, under their un- * Avery exact account of this appears in a Table, which was drawn up long after,, viz. in the year 1587, and presented to Queen Elizabeth and her Council, upon a new vexation, of the London Companies by certain, who had gotten a patent from her to look and search into all such Collegiate and Chantry Foundations concealed hitherto, for which the Companies were again called to account. , In this Table are specified the lands, purchased : by each Company. of King Edward the Sixth, arid what lands they sold to purchase the same, and how the profits thereof were bestowed. It is entitled,.— " A particular note of suche, charitable good rises, as are performed by divers of the Companies of London, out of suche rents as they purchased of King Edward the Sixth." From which it appears that the Merchant-Taylors, at that time, paid- in Pensions, to poore decaied Brethren, £58 In Exhibitions, to Schollers, 18 One Grammer Schole, 10 To ther Almesmen, 42 Sum of their yerelie payments, £ 128 Stow's Survey, vol. ii. p. 336. . An account of the charitable donations intrusted with the Worshipful Company of Merchants- Taylors, and of their yearly disbursements upon charitable accounts, as communicated by Mr. Bateman, a Member of the Court, may be seen in Stow's Survey, vol. ii. pp. 177, 178, 6th edit, by Strype 1755. The annual disbursements of this kind amounted then to upwards of £2000, and have probably much increased since that time. XXX PREFACE. diminished patronage, long may our youth be taught not only to analyze the beautiful productions of Greece and Rome, but to read with freedom and understanding the sacred Scriptures in the original tongues,* to fear Cod in agreement with the doctrine and discipline of the Church of Eng- land, and to honour the King according to the ordinance of the Almighty and the laws of the landlf * " It were earnestly to be wished (says the learned Bishop Huntingford, in the Postscript to his admirable ' Introduction to the Writing of Greek,') that every gentleman would retain his ability to understand the New Testament in its original. For, after all, that Volume, of which it may be justly said, ' its unadorned Truth hath something greater in it than all the artifice and all the pomp of eloquence ;' that Volume, which hath belonging to it a quality almost pecu- liar, that it never creates weariness by being frequently resumed, but the more often it is read, the more it engages the attention, and the greater degree of satisfaction and comfort it imparts to the mind ; that Volume, which is ordained to be the rule of our faith, the pattern for our conduct, our guide to Immortality ; that Volume it is ultimately of the highest importance for us all to understand ; and in the New Testament should terminate our studies, if we would be, what it becomes us to be, wise unto Salvation." — Bth Edit. pp. 299, 300. t As conformity to the Established Church is part of the common law of all Grammar Schools, and the circumstances of the times imperiously call for some antidote to non-confor- mity, beyond the Latin and Greek Versions of the Church Catechism and Office of Confirmation at present in use, it is much to be hoped that Bishop Burgess may be prevailed upon to favour our publick seminaries with translations of his excellent Catechism ' On the Duty of conforming to the Established Church as good Subjects and good Christians.' THE HISTORY OF MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL, PART I. CHAPTER L :.,.•, v- The Foundation of the School. — The Masterships of Mulcaster, Wil- kinson, and JE. Smith, containing the Space of Thirty-Eight Years. JL O WARDS the close of the year 1560, or early in the following spring,* the Merchant-Taylors'. Company conceived the laudable design of founding a grammar-school ; and part of the Manor of the Rose,-f in the parish of St. Laurence-Pountney, (a mansion which had successively belonged to the Duke of Buckingham, the Marquis of Exeter, and the Earls of Sussex,) seeming eligible , x # Between July 1560, and May 1561, in the mastership of Emanuel Lucar. — Stow's Survey, b. i. p. l6Q. f Stow, in the passage above referred to, is unquestionably wrong in extending the purchase to the whole of the mansion, as the Merchant-Taylors' Company were never in possession of -more than the west gatehouse, the long court, part of the chapel, the wind- ingstairspf stone, .and galleries. Some curious particulars respecting the Manor of the Rose, and the adjoining college of Corpus Christi, may appear at some future timein a. parochial history -of St, Laurence-Pountney 's^foi which I have made- collections. ' 2 THE HISTORY OF for the purpose, Mr. Richard Hills, a leading member of the court, generously contributed the sum of five hundred pounds towards the purchase of it : but the institution was not thoroughly orga^ nized till the 24th of September, 1561, on which day the statutes were framed and a schoolmaster chosen. The records of the company are unfortunately imperfect about this time, and, therefore, it is impossible, at present, completely to ascertain even the names of the worthy citizens who were the co- founders of the school. Nor are they likely to be all brought to light till the great Benefactor and Rewarder of mankind shall open the imperishable roll, in which are registered the actions of the good. Meanwhile, however, it is a gratifying reflection that* by ^ome industrious research, I have saved from oblivion the names of twenty-four, and, as the court in those days seldom, consisted of more than thirty members, it is not likely that many are omitted in the following list : Sir Thomas White, knt.& alderman.* StrThomas OFFELEY,knt.&alderman.+ SiRWiLLiAMHARPERjknt.&aMernteri.J Mr. Thomas Rowe, alderman.§ Richard Wadjngton. Edward Ley, or Lea. Thomas AcwoRth. Ema"nuell LucaR, or LewkEr.|| William FpLETEtvooD.^f William Rigeley. William Merick. Ffrancis Pope. John Traves, or Travers William Sulyerd. Thomas ToMlynson. John Sperke. Robert ©.ugkyngton. Ri«hard Hills.** Richard Whethill. Robert Rose. John OtLYFB.tt John God. Thomas Browne. Jerrard Gore-JJ * As some of the readers may possibly be surprised at not meeting in these pages with many particulars familiar to themselves, it inay be proper to mention that, in se- lecting the contents of this volume from a mass of materials connected with the sub- ject, I was naturally led to prefer what had never yet appeared before the publiekto what is already recorded in more general history ; but, at the same time, that it will not MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. O At a court,§§ attended by about fourteen of the above grave personages, the following statutes were agreed upon, which, be my practice to subjoin a note to every name that may occur in the work,«I should think myself wanting in gratitude to the venerable founders of the school, in which I was educated, if I did not insert a few biographical notices respecting them and their families; which, however,, from the nature of the present work, must necessarily be confined within limits far below the merit of such illustrious characters. "Sir Thomas White, the son of William White, (clothier, a native of Rickmans 7 worth, Herts, by Mary* .daughter of John Kiblewhite, of South Fawley, in Berkshire,) was born at Reading, in the year 1492. He is said to have been educated at the place of his nativity, but, probably, only in the elements of writing and arithmetic, as, at the age of twelve years, he was apprenticed to a tradesman, or merchant, of Londqn. , His apprenticeship lasted ten years, during which he behaved so well that his master, at bis death, left him a hundred pounds. With this and the patrimony bequeathed him by his father, who died in 1523, he commenced business on his own account, and, in a few years, rose to wealth and honours, and became distinguished by acts of munificence. In 1542 he gave to the corporation of Coventry eflOOO, which, with c£400 of their own, was laid out in the purchase of lands, from the rents of which provision was made for twelve poor men, and a sum raised to be lent to the industrious young men of Co- ventry. He also gave to the mayor and corporation of Bristol, by deed, the sum of £QD00, and the same to the town of Leicester, to purchase estates and raise a fund, from which sums of money might be lent to industrious tradesmen, not only of those but of other places specified, which were to receive the benefits of the fund in rota- tion, and by the same the poor were to be relieved in times of scarcity." Of his kind regard for Merchant-Taylors' School I shall speak more at large in its proper place. " He was sheriff of London in 1546, and lord mayor jn 1553, whe n he was knighted by Queeji_Marv_for^his services in preserving the peace of the city during the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt. Of the rest of his history, or personal character, sentiments, and pursuits, no particulars- have been recovered, except what may be inferred from his many and wise acts of liberality. He must have been no common man, who shewed the first example of devoting the profits of trade to the advancement of learning. He died, at Oxford, t he 11 th of February, 1566, in the 72d year of his age, and was buried in the chapel of his college. He was twice married, first to a^Jady wr^ose name was Avisia, or Avis, but whose family is unknown; she died in Februaryf A 1557, without is3ue, and was buried, with great pomp and ceremony, in the parish church of St. Mary, Aldermanbury. His second wife was Joan, one of the daughters! and oo-heiresses of John Lake, of London, gentleman, the widow of Sir Ralph Warren, km. twice lord mayor of London, by whom she had children. She survived Sir Thomas, and died in 1573, and was buried by her first husband in the church of B2 jU! 4 THE HISTORY OF though obsolete in some particulars, and altered or repealed in others, I insert here without either varying the, spelling or St. Bene't Sherehog, Loudon. There is a portrait of him in the town-hall of Leicester, habited as lord mayor of London, with a gold chain and collar of S.S. a black cap, pointed beard, his gloves in his right hand, and on the little finger of 'his left hand a ring. There are similar portraits in the town-hall at Salisbury, at Reading, Merchant- Taylors, and St. John's College, Oxford."— See Chalmers's History of the University of Oxford, vol. ii. p. 368; and Coates's History of Reading, p. 405, &c. t " Sir Thomas Offley, son to William Offley, was born in the city of Chester, and bred a Merchant-Taylor, in London, whereof he became lord mayor, anno 1556. The" useful custom of the night-bellman (preventing many fiers and more felonies) began in his mayoralty. He was the Zachaeus of London, not for his low stature, but his high charity, bequeathing the half of his estate (computed, by a reverend divine, to amount to five thousand pounds) unto the poor. Hgjdied 1580, and was buried in the church of St. Andrew's Undershaft. " I find, also, two other of the same sur-name, not mutually more allied in bloud than in charitable dispositions. Master Hugh OfHey, leather-seller, sheriff of London in the year 1588j buried also in St. Andrew's aforesaid; besides many other benefactions, he gave six hundred pounds to this city, to put forth young men. Mr. Robert OfHey, bred in London, and, as I take it, brother to the aforesaid Hugh Offley, did, in the year of our Lord, 1596, bestow six hundred pounds on twenty- four young men, in Chester, whereof twelve were apprentices. I know not the exact date of his departure. It is hard to instance in a lease of kinsmen, bom so far from, bred in London, meeting together in such bountiful performances. " I believe it was the first of these three OfHeys on whom the rhythme was made:. Offley three dishes had of daily roast, An egge, an apple, and (the third) a toast. " This I behold neither sin nor shame in him, feeding himself on plain and whole- some repast, that he might feast others by his bounty, and, thereby, deserving rather praise than a jear from posterity."— 'Fuller's Worthies, p. 291. £ Sir William, son of William Harper, was chosen lord mayor of London in the year 1561, and, on the 18th of September following, his lordship, with " the alder- men and many worshipful persons, and divers of the masters and wardens of the twelve companies, rid to the Conduit-Heads for to see them after the old custom; and, afore dinner, they hunted the hare, and killed her, and thence to dinner at the Head of the Conduit. There was a good number entertained with good cheer by the chamberlain j and, after dinner, they went to hunting the fox; there was a great cry for a mile, and MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. omitting what, to the fatidious eye of modern refinement, may appear coarse and homely, because I trust that the benevolence, at length the hounds killed him at the end of St. Giles's; great hallowing at his death and blowing of homes j and thence the lord maior, with all his company, rode through London to his place in Lombard-Street." — Stow's Survey, b.i. p. 25. " > On an altar-tomb, in the church of St. Paul,. Bedford, al the time of the Heralds' visitation, far that county, in the year 1654. Obiit 27° die February, 1573: A° aetatis suae 77°' Heere vnder lyeth buried the body of Sir Will" Harper, Kt. Alderman, & late Lord Maior of ye Citty of London, with Dame Margaret his last Wife, which Sir Willia" was borne in this towne of Bedford, and heere .;■'-' founded & gaue lands for ye maintaynance of a Gra~mer Schoole. § Mr. (afterwards Sir) Thomas Rowe, son of Robert Rowe, Citizen and Merchant- Taylor, and grandson of Reginald Rowe, of Lee, in Kent,' Was lord mayor o£ London, in 1568-9 ; during his mayoralty " he built a convenient room in St. Paul's Church- Yard, on the south side of the cross, to receive a certain number of auditors at the* sermon-time, as appeared by some remembrances of his name their fixed. He likewise caused to be enclosed, with a wall of brick, about one acre of ground, being part of the Hospital of Bethelem, to wit, on the west, on the bank of Deep- ditch so called, 1 parting the said hospital from the Moorfield ; this he did for burial, in ease of such parishes, in London, as wanted ground convenient within their parishes. The Lady, his wife, was there buried, (by whose perswasion he enclosed it,) but himself, though born in London, was buried in the parish church of Hackney. This was called New Church-Yard, near Bethelem, where, upon Whitsunday, the lord maior and his brethren, the aldermen, used to resort to hear a sermon ; and this was practised anno 1584, "when," according to a letter from Recorder Fleetwood to the lord treasurer, " a very good sermon was preached at this New Church-Yard, before the lord maior, Sir Edward Osborn, and his brethren, and by reason no plays were the same day, (i.e. Whitsunday, as there used, to be,) all the city was quiet." On the south side of this church-yard, over a folding gate, this inscription was engraver* in great letters: THOMAS ROE, miles, cum Praetor esset LON DINENSIS, hunc locum Reipublicae, in usum publics sepultures communem, suo sumptu dedicavity. anno dom. 1569, which inscription, even in the latter end of Queen" Elizabeth's reign*. 6 THE HISTORY OF good sense, and piety, which pervade the whole, will secure to them the admiration of the really judicious and unaffected. Sj©l)0tC&0, the maister, wardens, & assistents, in the names of all the whole body of this company of the Marchaunt-Taylors, in London, began to decay, and some letters were utterly defaced, which was the cause that A. F. one of the compilers of Holinshed's Chronicle, inserted it into the said hook, that so the memory of the worthy benefactor might not vanish and be lost with the fading inscription. But, besides his charitable costs and charges herein, and in appointing a sermon to be preached every Whitsunday, in the morning, in presence of the lord mayor and aldermen, and in giving one hundred pounds, to be lent to eight poor men; he also gave, to the Merchant-Taylors' Company, lands or tene- ments, out of them to be given forty pounds, yearly, to maintain ten poor men for ever, such as were not brethren of his own society, but chosen out of five several -companies, viz. Clothworkers, Armourers, Carpenters, Tylers, and Plaisterers, as considering, that, by over toiling labour, dangers, falls, bruises, and such like inconveniences, they were soonest like to become impotent and unable to help or maintain themselves ; therefore, to each of these ten men, he freely gave the sum of four pounds, quarterly to be paid them at the Merchant-Taylors' hall, during their lives, and then to succeed to other men in the same companies, according to the due consideration of just cause and most necessity. And more such like acts of charity, for the benefit of the city, this well disposed gentleman was like to have done, had lie lived longer," but his health now began rapidly to decline. It is recorded that " much inconvenience having arisen from the marching watch, in the city, Sir Thomas, with the universal consent of the aldermen, agreed to lay it aside, at least for his mayoralty, and, in the room thereof, to have a substantial standing watch, for the safety and preservation of the city, and that, chiefly, as was intended, to prevent the dispersing of the plague into the country, which might happen, if some of those companies that should come out thence should gather infection in the city ; and, the Armourers (who got money by those marching watches) should have no reason to complain, since they had, very lately, a good market, and were well set on work by the musters, but a little before well performed. The mayor himself, also, being at this time so weak that he could not go in his own person, the recorder acquainted the queen and council with this resolution ; but it was signified back that the queen disliked it, and that it was her pleasure to have a going watch ; whereupon the mayor sent the recorder to Sir William Cecyll, the secretary, earnestly desiring his interest with the lords, that this order might, at least that year, take place upon the weighty reasons aforesaid, and from henceforth it began to be laid aside. Sir MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. %' have, for the better edncacon & bringing up of children in good manners & Trature, erected a schoole within the parish of St. Laurence-Pountney, Thomas survived hip mayoralty bu$ a few months, and was buried in the south ile of St. John's, Hackney, on the south wall of which was his monument (the man and his wife kneeling before, a desk, with their hands together, in the posture of praying ;, the coat of arms sabje, a cheveron charged with three bezants, between as many; cinque foils) with this inscription : Anno dom. 1570, September 2. Sir Thomas Howe lies buried here, Of London knight and alderman;. Who late was maior, and rule did bear, To right the cause of every man. A merchant venturer was he, Of Merchant Taylors' company ;, A -citizen by birth also, And eke his wife, dame Mary Rowe,.. In wedlock, one-and-thirty-year, They did continue man and wife; Eleven children she did bear> But five of them have left this life.. And six alive do yet remain, Four of them sons and daughters twain. His soul, we hope, with God is blest,. And doth remain in Abraham's breast. Stow's Survey, "b. i. -p. 257 and 264, b. ii. p. 95, b. v. p. 1S5, and Appendixi. p. 127. The monument, however, was broken to pieces- in. taking down Jthe south ile of the church, in the year. L798, and the fragments removed into the Rowe-Ghapel, which is.. preserved as a mausoleum for the family, of which the present Marquis of Downshireis the representative ; the fkst Viscount Hillsborough, the Marquis's great grandfather, having married Mary, eldest daughter and co-heir to Anthony Rowe, Esq. one of the clerks of the Board of Green Cloth to King William, and youngest son of Sir Thomas Rowe, of Hackney and Shacklewell, in the county of Middlesex, knt. — Supplement to Lysons's Environs of London, p. 164. Play/air's British Family Antiquity i vol. iv. Ap- pendix viii. t| Emanuel LucaT has the character of having been a man of polished" and elegant manners, which is in some degree confirmed to him by the epitaph, " on a very fair stone audi fairly plated, in the south ile and body of the church of St. Laurence-Pountney,?* to the memory of an accomplished female relative : 8 THE HISTORY OV in London; &, also, meete & convenient lodgings for a schoolnf & three ushers, to inhabite & dwell in; And, for, because, nothing can contynue Every Christian heart seeketh to extoll The glory of the Lord, our onely Redeemer; Wherefore Dame Fame must needs inroll •Paul Withypoll his childe by love and nature, Elizabeth, the wife •of Emanuel Lucar, In whom was declared the goodnesse of the Lord, With many high vertues, which truely I will record. She wrought all needle-workes that women exercise With pen, frame, or stoole; all pictures artificial!, Curious knots or trailes, , what Fancy would devise, Beasts, birds, or flowers, even as things naturall : Three ma Jner hands could she write, them faire all. To speak of algorisme or accounts in every fashion,, Of women few like, (1 thinke,) in all this nation. Dame Cunning her gave a gift right excellent, The goodly practise of her science musicall In divers tongues to sing and play with instrument, Both viall and lute, and also virginall ; Not onely upon one but excellent in all. For all other vertues belonging to nature God her appointed a very perfect creature. Latin e and Spanish, and also Italian, She spake, writ, and read, with perfect utterance, And for the English she the garland won. In Dame Prudence schoole, by Grace's purveyance, Which cloathed her with vertues from naked ignorance : Reading the scriptures . . to judge light from darke, Directing her faith to Christ . the onely mark. The said Elizabeth deceased the 29th day of October, an.; dom. 1537, of yeeres not fully 27. This stone, and all hereon contained, made at the cost of the said Emanuel, Merchant-Taylor." — Stow's Survey, b. ii. p. 189. ^ William Fleetwood, an eminent English; lawyer, was ^descended from an aiUieiit family in Lancashire ; he had a liberal education, and was for some time a member of the university of Oxford, but whether, of Brazen-nose-Cpllege or Brqadgate-Hall Wood does not inform us.— He went from thence, to the Midjdle Temple, in London , merchant-Taylors' school. 9 long & endure in good order without lawes & statuts, in that behalf provided, therefore, they, the said maister, wardens, & assistents, have to study the law, and, having quick as well as strong parts, became, in a short time, a very distinguished man in his profession. In 1563 he was elected law-reader, on which occasion the company presented him with ahogsheadof wine, as appears by thefollowing minute of court: — " 23 June, 1563. — Whereas Maister William Ffletewood, a lovynge brother of this misterie, is at this presente chosen to be reader for the Mydle Temple for the yere to come ; it is, therefore, aggreed and decreed, by the maister, wardens, and assistents, that there shall be given to hym, toward the charge of his readynge dyner, by hym to be made at the tyme of his said readynge, a hoggysshed of wyne, and the same to be presentyd to hym in the name of this house accordingly." His reputation, however, was not confined to the inns of court, for, it having been thought necessary to appoint commissioners in the nature of a royal visitation, in the dioceses of Oxford, Lincoln, Peterborough, Coventry, and Litchfield, Mr. Fleetwood was of the number. In 1569 he became recorder of London : it does not appear whether his interest with the Earl of Leicester procured him that place or not, but it is certain that he was considered as a person entirely attached to that nobleman's service. He was very zealous against the Papists, active in disturbing their mass-houses, committing popish priests, and giving informations of their intrigues. In 1580 he was made ser- jeant-at-law, and, in 1592, one of the queen's Serjeants, in which post, however, he did not continue long, for he died about a year after, and was carried to Great Missenden, in Buckinghamshire, (where he had purchased an estate,) to be buried. He was mar- ried and had children. — Wood says that " he was a learned man and a good antiquary, but of a marvellous, merry, and pleasant, conceit." He was farther esteemed a shrewd politician ; and, indeed, that character was most likely to recommend him to his patron Leicester. He was a good popular speaker, and wrote well upon subjects of govern- ment. He made a great figure in his profession, being equally celebrated for his elo- quence as an advocate and for his judgement as alawyer. His occupations hindered him from writing much, yet there are some small pieces of his in being ; as 1. " An Oration made, at Guildhall, before the Mayor, &c. concerning the late Attempts of the Queen's Majesties seditious Subjects, October the 15th, 1571," 12mo. 2. " Annalium tarn Regum Edvardi V. Richardi III. et Henrici V1T. quam Henrici VIII. titulorum or- dine alphabetico multo jam melius quam ante digestorum Elenchus ;" that is, " An Index of the Year-Books as well during the reigns of Edward V. Richard III. and Henry VII. as of Henry VIII. digested under Titles in an alphabetical Order, in a much better Method than before :" 1579. 3. " A Table to the Reports of Edmund Plowden," 12mo. — 'This is in French. 4. " The Office of a Justice of Peace, together with Instructions how and in what Manner Statutes shall be expounded : 1658, 8vo.— This is posthumous.-^Fbod's Athena, vol. i. p. 26l, Strype's Annals, vol.i. p. 108, and Biographia Britannica;Art. Fleetwood. C 10 THE HISTORY OP fully concluded, agreed, & decreed, &, by these presents, doe conclude, agree, & decree, that the said schbole shall be directed and contynued, ** Richard Hills, besides contributing, as noticed page 2, to the foundation of Merchant-Taylors' School, gave the company " one plot of ground, with certain small cottages, on the Tower-Hill, where he builded fair alms-houses for fourteen sole wo- men." — Stow's Survey, b. i. p. 264. ft The following monumental inscription was engraven " on a fair stone, on the ground, in the north ile of St. Laurence-Pountney's church : " John Olyffe, alderman, lying under this stone, dyed the 26th day of June, 1577:, aged 65 yeeres ; he was married 40 yeeres to Joane, his wife ; hee had seven children, Anne, John, Joane, John, Thomas, Matthew, and Edward, who dyed all without issue, save onely Joane, who married John Leigh, Esquire, and heire of Addington, in Surrey, and had issue Olyffe Leigh, now living." — Stow's Survey, b. ii. p. 189. ££ Mr. (afterwards alderman) Gore was the survivor of this benevolent band ; he lived to see the school flourish for forty-six years, and was buried under " a comely tomb, in the chancel" of St. Giles's, Cripplegate, with this inscription : " Here lie the bodies of Gerard Gore, citizen, Merchant-Taylor, and alderman of London, and of Helen, his wife, who lived together, married, 57 yeeres. — The said Gerard died the 11 day of December, 1607, in the 91 yeere of his age; andshee de- parted this life the 13 day of February, in the foresaid yeere, being 75 yeeres old." — Stow's Survey, b.iii. p. 75. Of the families of Lea and Travers some scanty memorials are extant in the Heralds' Office; but of the other thirteen not a trace is now to be found; however eminent and considerable in their time they are lost in silence, and every particular be- yond their names is buried with them. §§ " A quarter-day, holden upon Wednesday, the xxiiiith day of September, anno d"mi, one thowsand five hundreth sixty-one, et anno regni reginae Elizabeth tertio, in the presence of . the worshipful Richard Hills, m~r of this mystery, and his wardens, and others, the right worshipful persons, assistents, and councellors, of this mystery, whose names follow, written in the margine, viz. Sie Thomas White, Knt. Alderman. Sir William Harper. Mr Emanuel Lucae. Mr Richard Wadington. Mr Edward Ley. Robert Rose. William Meeick. John God. John Ollyff. Thomas Browne. William Sulyerd. Thomas Tomlinson. Jerrard Gore." MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 11 & to have eontynuaunce, by God's grace, for ever, in such manner & forme, & according as hereafter is expressed, mencioned,& declared, viz. Capitulum primum de magistro primario* I. In the grammar-school, founded in the parish of St. Laurence- Pountney, in London, in the yere of our Lord God one thowsand, fyve hundred, sixty-one, by this worshipfull company of the Marchaunt- Taylors, of the Citty of London, in the honor of Christ Jesu, shalbe first, an HIGH MAISTER.f This high maister in doctrine, learning, and teaching, shall direct all the schoole. This maister shalbe chosen by the right worshipful the maister, wardens, and assistents, of the said company of Marchaunt-Taylors, with such advise & counsell of welle learned men as they can gett; a man in body whole, sober, discreete, honest, verteous, & learned, in good & cleane Latine Trature, &, also, in Greeke, yf such may be gotten .$ A wedded man, a single man, or a priest, that hath noe benefice, with cure, office, nor service, that may lett his dew business in the schoole. The narrative of the proceedings at this eventful court has been preserved to us, amidst the accidents which have befallen the original court-book, by having been transcribed, about the year 1608, into a book containing "Sir Thomas Whit's materiall statuts concerning the companyes school, with a translation of the same into English, and the company's orders for government of their schoole." * I have taken the liberty of numbering the statutes, for the sake of easier reference in the course of the work. It is not improbable that they were drawn up in Latin as well as English. The statutes of St. John's, it is well known, were taken, as to substance, from those of New College ; but whether there is any similarity between these of Merchant- Taylors' and those of Winchester School I have not had an opportunity of judging. f The high master is likewise styled chief master, head master, and master J Dr. Henry, speaking of the state of learning in Great Britain, at the time when the study of the Greek language began to be fashionable, but when teachers of it were not very numerous, observes, that " some attempts were made to revive the study of Hebrew, but not with the same success," (History of Great Britain, vol. vi. p. 542.) which may account for the silence of the statutes with regard to the sacred language. There is neither statute nor order of court that prescribes ability to teach Hebrew as a qualification for the high mastership; but, as far as I can discover, Mulcaster and all his successors have taught it, and, in many instances, with considerable success. c 2 12 THE HISTORY OF IT. This high maister so being chosen, as aforesaid, shall have his charge given to him by the nfr & wardeins of the said company, for the tyme being, then being present in the said schoole, saying to him on this wise, or such like in effect. Sir, we have chosen you to be chief maister & teacher of this schoole, to teach the children of the same, not only good Trature but also good manners, certyfying you, that this is noe roome of contynuence & perpe- tuity, but upon the doing of your duty in the schoole. And every yere when as the m~, wardens, & assistaunts, shalbe assembled in the schoole howse, concerning the visitation thereof, you shall submytt you to their examinacon, and, found doing your duty accordingly, you shall contynewe, otherwise, reasonably warned, you shall content you to departe, v And, ye, of your party, not warned of us, but of your owne mynde in any season willing to departe, ye shall give us warning twelve monethes before, without we can shortlyer be well provided of an other to supply your roome. Also being maister ye shall not be absent from the said school above twenty working dayes in the year, which also shalbe (coniunctim or divisim) without some urgent cause, and good consideracons shall move the surveyors of the said schoole for the tyme being to graunt a further tyme of absence, and that the chief usher nor under ushers be not then absent from the schoole. III. And yf the chosen maister will promise this, then admytt him & name him to that office, & stall him in his seate in the schoole, & shew him his howse or lodging on the south side of the schoole. And they shall deliver him all the implements of that howse by indenture. IV. And that howse & lodgings he shall have free without payment of any rent, & in this lodging he shall dwell & keepe howshold to his power. Hee shall nor have, nor teach, at one tyme within the foresaid schoole, nor ells where, above the number of two hundreth & ffyfty schollers. And lie l/sha'H Jriot refuse to take^receave, and teach in the said schoole freely one hundreth schollers, parcel! of the said nttmber of two hundreth & ffyfty schollers, being poore men's sonnes and coming thefher to be taught, (yf such be meete & apt to learne,) without any thing to be paid by the parents of the said one hundreth poore children for their instruction & learnyng. i merchant-Taylors' school. 13 V. And heejshall also receave and teach in the said schoole ffyfty schol- lers morejbeing an other parcell of the said number of two hundreth & fyfty schollers\flcomyng thether to be taught, & being found apte and rneete to learne, as aforesaid, and being poore men's children, so that their poore parents, or other their freinde, will pay and give to the high irir for their instruction & learning after two shillings jfc twopence by the quarter for a peece of them.* VI. And hee^ihall also receave & teach in the said schoole, one other hundreth more of schollers] being the residue of the said number of two hundreth and ffyfty schollers coming thether to be taught, & being also found apt and meefce to learne, as aforesaid, being rich or meane men's children, so that their parents or other freinds will give for every of these hundreth schollers fyve shillings by the quarter for their instruction &■.. learning. VII. Yf the maister be sick of a sicknes curable, yet neverthelesse it is meete that the chief usher, for thetyaae that thenar is so sick, shall doe his best endeavor to direct all the schoole, as the duty of the nf r was to have done. The said usher to his power to doe his owne duty as he did before neverihelesse. VIII. There shalbe also one chief usher, some sober, disereete man, ver- teous in lyving, & well learned, that shall teach under theschoolemras the schoolenf r shall appoint him, some single or wedded man,or a priest that hath iioe benefice with cure, office, nor service, that may lett his due dil- Mgence in the schoole. IX. And yf the said chief ussber be in Trature, discretion, & honest lief, according, then the high maister his roome being vacant, lett him be chosen before another. X. This ussher shall the high maisteir choose as often as the roome shalbe void,! a man whole in body. And when Ae high nf r hath appointed him * This and the following statute are altered by the order of court, (Oth of April, 1805,) which confirmed the .report of the committee, that, on account of trhe alteration in the value of money since the institution of the school, it was expedient that the quarterage (exclusive of the breaking-up-money) should be raised to ten shillings. + The company soon found it .necessary -to reserve to themselv.es the appointment of the under^teacbers, and by so doing they iendej«d their situations more acceptable to men of talent and respectability. 14 THE HISTORY OP upon one, the high tnaister shall call to the schoole the surveyors of the schpole, & before them he shall say to the ussher on this wise. Sir, before these my maisters here, the surveyors of the schoole, I shew unto you that I have chosen you to be the chief ussher or under in r* of this schoole, & to teach allwaies, from tyme to tyme, as I shall appoint you, & supply my roome in my absence when it shalbe graunted me by my maisters, the said maisters & wardens, & also at all such tymes as I shalbe sick of any curable disease. XI. Then the said in r & wardens shall exhort the ussher dilligently to doe his duty, & shall say unto him on this wise : Your roome is noe per- petuity, but, according to your labor & dilligence, you shall contynue ; otherwise, fownd not doing your duty accordingly, & reasonably warned of us, ye shall departe. Yf it shalbe so that at any tyme you will departe of your owne mynd, yee shall give us one yere's warning before your departure. Yf any controversy be between you & the high m~r yee shall stand at our direction in every thing. XII. And yf he will promise this, Then let the said m"r & wardens ap- prove the eleccon of the said ussher, & assigne him his lodging on the north side of the schoole next unto the gate there alowe. XIII. Hee shalbe absent in all the yere not above twenty Working daies, * The first usher, according to the original foundation of the school, had an evident superiority over the other two, who were, both in rank and salary, on an equality with each other ; and this continued for a number of years: but, at length, when the prin- ciple of succession began to be acted upon, the third was placed as much below the second as the second already was below the first. Though usher and under-master were from the first synonymous terms, (as in the statute before us,) the former was ori- ginally in more general use, till circumstances arising that rendered it expedient to dis- tinguish foundation-ushers from those who were retained and dismissed at the plea- sure of the principal master, the old name began to be laid aside in most of the publick schools. At Westminster in particular the foundation-usher has long been called under-master, to distinguish him from those assistant-teachers whose services are called for in that school. (See Maitland's History of London, vol. ii. p. 1277.) And, though the same reason does not hold at Merchant-Taylors', the ushers have of late years been generally spoken of as under-masters, always in common parlance, and sometimes in orders of court, especially in that important one of the 19th of Decem- ber, 1763, which will be noticed in its proper place. merchant-Taylors' school. 15 which shalbe (coniunctim or divisim) without that some urgent cause; or good consideracon, shall move the surveyors of the saide schoole for the. tyme being to graunt him a further tyme of absence, & that the high nfr nor underusshers be not then also absent from the said schoole. XIV. In sicknes curable, or axes,* or such sicknes for a tyme he shalbe tollerated & have his full wages, although that, during the tyme of such curable sicknes, the high nfr, with that help of the underusshers, shall to the uttermost of their powers,, instruct & teach all the schollers within the said schoole withall dilligence, as the duty of the ussher was to have, done, the high nfr & the underusshers to their power to doe their owne duty as they did before neverthelesse. XV. YfF both the maister & the usshers be sick at once (as God defend) then let the schoole cease for that while. XVI. Yff there be such sicknes contagious in the Cytty, that the schoole cannot contynue, then both the maister & the usshers must have patience in such a case. XVII. Neither the maister nor usshers shall take office of proctorshipp, or any such mynistery, service, or other busines, which shall lett their dilli- gence & their necessary labor in the schoole. Yf the ydoe & be warned law- fully, yf they will not cease from such service, office, or busines, then let them be warned to departe. XVIII. Let the schoolenf r see that the schoole, with the court and the streete, by all the length of the same, be kept cleane & sweete every Satter- day, & also the leads, &, from tyme to tyme, to call upon the worship full Marchaunt-Taylors for necessary reparacons, & lett none of the children, at any tyme, come up to the leads to the upper dore, of the which at the topp of the winding stayers of stone on high, there shalbe allwaies two keyes, to be kept by the high maister, and the other key by the chiet ussher. XIX. Ther shalbe also in the said schoole two underusshers, some good, honest, and verteous learned young men. And they shalbe chosen, from tyme to tyme, by the high nfr, & they shall also help to teach in the schoole, as to the maister shall seeme convenient, & none otherwise.f XX. They shall have noe benifice with cure, occupation, office, or service, * Agues, as in Chaucer. f See notes, pages 13 and 14. 16 THE HISTORY OF nor any other faculty which may lett their dilligent teaching at the schoole, but they shall attend only upon the schoole, & they shall teach the chil- dren, yf neede be, the Catechisme, and instruccons of the Articles of the Faith, and the Tenn Commaundements in Latin ; (that is to say) such a Catechisme as shalbe approved by the Queenes Ma ty that now is, & by the Honorable Court of Parliament of this realrae from tyme to tyme. XXI. Their lodgings and chambers shalbe in the middle roomes where as the dore is made out under the schoole neere to the middest of the foresaid long court or greate yard. XXII. They shall not have their roomes by writing or by seale innoe wise, but at lhTty according to their deserving, & only so long as the high nfr shall like their demeaner & teaching. XXIII. Their absence shalbe but once in theyere only, yf yt be neede- full, & only as it shall seeme best to the nfr & wardens, with the consent of the high maister, & high ussher being present, and not absent from the schoole. XXIV. Yf they fall to unthriftines & behavior after lawfull warning let them be avoided, & other chosen within viii dayes after, or as soone after as can be by the said surveyors, but not without the consent of the high nfr & ussher. XXV. There shalbe taught in the said schoole children of all nations & countryes indifferently,* comyng thether to be taught, to the number of two hundreth & fyfty, in manner & forme as is afore devised & appointed. But first see that they can the catechisme in English or Latyn, & that every of the said two hundreth & fifty schollers can read perfectly & write ■competently, or els lett them not .be admytted in no wise. XXVI. And that every scholler at his first admyssion, once for ever, shall pay twelve pence for wryting in of his name, & the same shalbe given to such one, as shalbe appointed by the said high nfr & the surveyors to sweepe the schoole, & keepe the court of the schoole cleane, & see the streete nigh to the schoole gate clensed of all manner of ordure,* caryon, or other fylthy or uncleane things, out of good order, or extraordynarily there throwne.f * Children of Jews excepted by order of court, 16th of December, 1731. f It appears, by an extract from the will of Sir .Thomas Rowe, in the Antiquarian merchant-Taylors' school. 17 XXVII. The children shall come to the school e in the taornyng at seaten of the clock both winter & somer, & tarry there untill eleaven, & returne againe at one of the clock, and departe at five ;* and thrice in the day, kneeling on their knees, they shall say the prayers appointed with due tract and pawsing, as they he, or shalbe hereafter conteyned in a table sett up in the schoole, (that is to say) in the morning, at noone, & at evening. XXVIII. In the schoole at noe tyme of the yere, they shall use tallow candle in noe wise, but wax candles only. XXIX. Also lett them bring no meate, nor drinck, nor bottles, nor use in the schoole no breakfasts, nor drincking in the tyme of learning in no wise. If they need drinck, then lett it be provided in some other place. XXX. Nor lett them use noe cock-fighting, tennys-play, nor riding about of victoring, nor disputing abroade, which is but foolish babJing & losse of tyroe. XXXI. Lett not the sehoolemaister, head ussher, nor the Under usshers, nor any of them, permytt nor lyeence their schollerg, to have remedy or leave to play, eaocept only once in jthe weeke, . when there falleth noe holliday. And those remedies to be had upon no other dayes only^ but only upon ihe Twesdayes in the afternoone, or Thursdayes at afternoene.t *.- XXXII. And yf there shall happen to be kept one or more holly day es in the weeke, that then in every such weeke there be noe remedyes nor leave to play graunted. XXXIII. Unto their uryne the aehollers shall goe to the places ap- pointed them in the lane or streete without the court, & for other causes, yf lieede be, they shall goe to the waterside. Repertory, vol. iii. p. 227, that he left to the Merchant-Taylors' Company fe £6 : 13 : 4 towards the advancement of the free-school that they have well begun, and to the intent they shall free the scolars and their parents from paying any thing for sweeping the scole;" and, in consequence of this, the sweeper of the school, though a servant of the foundation, is paid, as well as appointed, by the high master; but the entrance- money has been raised from time to time till it was fixed, by order of court, April 9, 1S05, at twenty shillings. * The boys now do not come to school till eight in the morning from ,the 1st of November to the 1st of March^ — The .morning business is still concluded at eleven; but, in the afternoon, the school does 'not open till two and closes for the day at four: the last order to this effect was on April 27, 1809. •j- This and the following statute superseded by orders of court. D 18 THE HISTORY OF n XXXIV. Yf any child, after he is receaved & admytted into the said schoole, goe to any other schoole to learne theire, (after the manner of that schoole) or shalbe absent from the schoole, by the space of three weekes to- geather, at any one tyme, without sickness or any other reasonable lett, shalbe the cause of the said lett, that then in such case it were best that such a childe, for no man's suit, shalbe thereafter receaved into our schoole, but goe where him list, & where his friends shall thincke there shalbe better learnyng. And this is goodr to be shewed to his frends, or other that offer him at his first presenting into the school.* XXXV. The maister, wardens, & assistants of this company, for the tyme being, shall yerely for ever make their assembly or apparaunce in the coun- cell-howse, or late chappell, scituate on the south side of the long court or yard of the schoole, they being then & there accompanied with such well- learned men as they can gett conveniently. Which said mr, wardens, & assistints, with thadvice of the same learned men shall examyrte & try Whether the m r & usshers shall have taught & done their duties in the said schoole, according as is before devised & appointed, & alsoe to try & ex- amyne howe the children have profited under them, & fynding them to have done their duties to be comended, & finding otherwise to.be speedely reformed & amended according as to their wise discretions shalbe thought convenient. XXXVI. And to that intent & effect that the same assembly of the said maister, wardens, & assistents, may be made yerely for ever at the schoole, for the good considerations afore mentioned, the comon clarck of this mistery now being, and his successors which for the tyme shalbe, shall once in the yere yerely for evermore, at a quarter-day, to be howlden within this our comon-hall, reade openly all & every such acts, decrees, & ordy- naunces, or the more parte of them as is before made & devised, or shalbe hereafter made & devised by the said m~r, wardens, & assistants, or their successors, for & concerning only the ordering & contyriuance of the said * After many alterations of this statute, it was finally settled, by order of court, (17th of December, 1776,) that " no scholar, who has been absent from the school more than three months, shall, unless in case of sickness, be received into the same without the consent of the master and wardens for the time being;" but if the boy has, in the mean time, gone to another school, to learn after the. manner of that school, his case is left within the operation of the original statute. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1£) Schoole in good order, so that thereby they may have the same the better in remembrance for ever in tyme to come. XXXVII. And that the nfr &wardens of this company for the tyme being,- and also all such as shall have borne the roome of a maister of this mistery, (except such as shall have borne the room & place of an alderman & sherif of this mystery) shalbe for ever in tyme to come called, & be the surveyors s of the :said schoole, and they from tyme to tyme shall take upon them the charge & oversight of the said schoole, to see that in the said schoole be noe more taught then the number afore appointed, & after and according j as is before devised & made, & alsoe see that the same be well & suf- ] ficiently ' repay red. from tyme to tyme by the warden renlor of our lands lying in the east parte, which for the tyme shalbe. And for their labours in the schoole busynesses it is not to be doubted, but our Saviour Jesus Christ shall reward them, as well here in this world as in the world to come ; for godlynes (sayeth St. Paule) is profitable to all things, as a thing that hath both promises in this lief, & in that that is to come. 1 Timo- theus, 4. XXXVIII. The surveyors of the schoole shall come into the schoole tenn or twelve daies before or after Xmas, tenn or twelve daies before or after. Easter, tenn or twelve daies before or after the Nativity of St. John Baptist, & tenn or twelve dayes before or after Michaelmas ; besides such other tymes as is meete & necessary for them to be at the schoole for to see that all things f doe stand in such order as they ought to be in.* XXXIX. And that the yerely rent yssuing, coming, & growing, yerely, for the greate cellor under the schoole-howse shalbe, by the said surveyors, wholly ymployed & bestowed, yerely, betweene the feast of thAnnuncia- tion of our Lady and the feast of St. Michael thArchangell, upon woode, coales, billetts, & faggots, or other good fewell for such of the schollers as, in the extreeme could tyme of winter, may have neede to warme them by at tymes very convenient & needfull in the monethes of November, December, January, February, & March, saving that thirteene shillings * The qualifications of the surveyors, and the times of their visiting the school-some- what altered by orders of court, June 23,-1563, August 4, 1568, &e.&c, but more materially; by-.the " orders; of the. school's probation," January 14, 1607, "and for the examynatiou/' March 2 1, J1608, &c. , D 2 20 THE HISTORY OI 1 & foufe pence of that rent, {yf the surveyors shall so thinck it good,) shall be bestowed every winter upon wax-candies, or other lights of wax, for the poore children to read on their bookes by in the winter mornings & evenings.* Xli. Also lett it be declared unto him that shall hier the said long cellor that this company will not suffer to be laid into yt any. pitch, tarr, rape, oyle, trayne-oyle, flax, hempe, nor such kynde of wares as be inclyned quickly to be kindled or fyred, nor any other thing or things of any fullsome or noysome savour. „'; XLI. Every of the said two hundreth & fyfty schollers that shalbe admytted or suffered to learne in the said schoole, from tyme to tyme, shall observe & be bound to keepe all such manner of orders or ordynaunces as, by the wisdome & good discretion of the said worshipfull nfr & wardens, with the consent of the worshipfull the assistents of the said company, or their successors for the tyme being, shall be devised, made, & ordayned, for thecontynuaunce of the said schoole & good .governaunce of the said schollers, with the consent of the high maister of the same schoole for the tyme being. XLII. Also the maister & wardens of the said company, for the tyme being, shall have full power and authority to admytt all those children that shall be from tyme to tyme taught in the said schoole; and, by writing made by the clarCk of this company, for the tyme being, they shall signify the admytting or allowing of them unto the scboolemaister, in his absence to the head usher breifly in this wise : Sir> this shalbe to signify unto yOu that wee have admytted (N) the sonne of (M) the bearer hereof, to be of the number of those hnndreth of the-poore men's children, which should be taught freely in the said schoole, upon cOnditionthat the said (N), within one moneth next ensuing, shalbe by ydirthought apt & meete to learne, &, being found not apt & ineete to learne, as aforesaid, that then this our admyssion of him to stand as void, & then every such scholler, that so -shall be • found not apt & meete to learne, to * The school having been rebuilt after the fire of London without a fire-place, this statute became a dead letter, till a fire-place wias recently matte in consequence of an order of court,(20th of December, 1810,) and " thegreate cellor," the rent of which W&b to have paid for the fuel, having been previoflsly granted to the master, the company voted an annual supply of five chaldron of coals at their ^expense. MEUCHABTT-TAariLOIRS'. SCHOOL. 21 have repayed unto bim that (twelve pence that he paid on his first admyt- ting into the schoole, or otherwise to be one pf the other two jnurabers of schollers before appointed, which. said bill to he made by the said cjarekto be subscribed by our xar & wardens for Jihetyme being.* XLIII. And none to be taught in the said schoole unlesse they be first admytted l>y the maister and wardens,, and so. certified as is aforesaid. XLI V. Also there shalbe yerely paid out of the coraon box of this mystery, for the Stipend and sallary of the foresaid schoolemaister and three usshers, fforty pownds quarterly by even porcons to be paid wholly to the hands of the said Schoolemaister to the intent that he, the said schoolemaister, shall have to his own fee term pounds parcell thereof, and the thirty pounds re- sidue to be paid by him after term pounds a piece to every of the said three usshers. that shalbe admytted by; him to teach in 'the said schoole as aforesaid.^ ",>.■■ v: XLV. And this payment by JTorty pownds,,by yere appointed to the -said maister& three usshers, as aforesaid, to be cointynued untill such tyme, as; the same shalbe otherwise dischardged by the gujfts & legacies of gopd.& well- disposed men, to the freeing either of the said whole number appointed to be taught in the said schoole, or els of the freeing & teaching free of one hundrelh & Yyfty poore men's children, parcell of the said number that is appointed to be taught ih'the said schoole as is aforesaid. J The statutes 'bieing ;thtis .estabrisbedy the court proceeded to the choice of a chief schoolmaster, when, taking into considera- tion the high character of Richard Mulcaster ? § Master of Arts,-* * The form of the admission-ticket . has necessarily varied, with -the .alteration of the statutes from time to time. , ..,,-.,,. f These stipends -raised -by orders of court August 28, ,1576; December 4, 1.5-8.7 ; June 17, 1590; December J7, 1592; July 9,16*13; -December 19, 1760; December 8, 1795; and April 9, 1805. .J It is but; justice to the company to state, that, if we except the .fellowships,, scho- larships, and exhibitions, founded by .Sir Thomas White, Bishop Dee, the Rev. Dr. Stuart, the Rev. Mr.Tarkyn, D?. Andrew, and others, the legacies "towards the,aug- mentacon of the scole" are too inconsiderable ,tp he mentioned. § Richard Mulcaster, descended from an qpulerrt and respectable family in Cumberland, who, in the time of William Rutins, had, the honourable , change 2a THE HISTORY OP of Christ-Church, Oxford, they agreed to make him an offer of the appointment. They requested his attendance at their hall, and informed him that the mastership of their newly erected school was at his service, if he thought proper to accept it. In answer to which he thanked them for so, flattering an instance of their good-will, but requested that a short time might be allowed him to make up his determination.— In compliance with a request so rea- sonable and prudent, the court agreed to postpone the final settlement of the business till the following Sunday. However, in the course of the afternoon, Mulcaster declared himself ready to accept the office, and was installed in his place according to the statute.* Nor could a better choice have been made, whether we consider his extraordinary attainments in philology, the success which had now for two years attended him as a teacher, or the estimation in which he was consequently held by many excellent and learned persons, who were well qualified to give their opinion and ad vice- on such an occasion. At the same time, it must not be concealed that the court were much indebted to an individual member of their body for the facility with which they secured the services of Mulcaster. The income assigned to the post was hardly a sufficient recompense ©f defending the border-counties from the incursions of the Scots, was the son of William Mulcaster, Esq. who resided during the former part of his life at Carlisle, and whose pedigree occurs in a volume of Surrey-descents among the uncatalogued MSS. of Dr. Rawlinson, at Oxford. He was educated on the foundation, at Eton, from which school, in 1548, he gained his election to King's College, Cambridge, where, however; he took no. degree, but, while scholar, re- moved to Oxford. In 1555 he was elected student of Christ-Church, and, in the next year, was licenced to proceed in arts; we do not hear that he made any particu- lar proficiency in the learned languages while at Eton or Cambridge; but, after he had resided a few years at Oxford, he became eminent for his critical knowledge in Latin and Greek, and still more distinguished for his skill in eastern literature. — See Wood's Athena, vol. i. p. 36"9. Gent. Mag. vol. lxx. p. 420. * See minutes of court in the book already referred'tb, p. 11.' MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 23 for a man ,oi his commanding talents, a consideration which in- duced Mr. Hills, the master of the company, to promise him ten pounds per annum, in addition to what he was entitled to from the foundation ; and this accumulated stipend Mr. Hills generously supplied out of his own purse for many years.* Mulcaster was ho sooner seated in the school than scholars poured in from all quarters, and, in less than a twelvemonth, the new establishment was submitted to the " solemne visitation" of the diocesan.-f- On Friday, the 16th of August, 1562, Bishop Grindall, accompanied by the venerable Whitehead;^ Calf hill, * See minutes of court, 13th of February, 1588. t " Edmund Gfindall, born at St, Bees, in Cumberland, was fellowi first, then master, of Pembroke-;HaIl, in Cambridge, doctor qf divinity, chaplain to Bishop Ridley, whom (after he had undergone a voluntary exile in Germany, for his religion, during the reign of Queen Mary, and after Bonner was displaced,) he succeeded in the bishopric of London, to which he iwas elected July 26lh, 1559/. consecrated and enthroned De- cember 23d following, whence, after he had sate more than ten years, he was translated to York, in May, 1570, and thence, after almost six years,; was once more translated to Canterbury, February 15th, 1575. Two years before his death heiwas blind, and died at Croydon, where he was also buried qn the south s,ide of the chancel, July 6th, 1583, being sixty-four years of age, wheti he had.continued Archbishop of Canterbury seven years and a, half. That little, wealth which he had gathered he bestowed upon the founding of .a, school at St. Bees, aforesaid,. jwhere' he was, born, and towards .the ad- vancement of .learning in both universities." ( Netvcourt's Repert. vol. i. p. 26.) The par- ticulars of his benefactions may be seen i# Godw.de ;Prajsiil. Cant; and in Collier's Eccl. Hist. vol. ii. p. 580. ;,>/ »»b .-, io-sr , - . J " David, Whitehead, a great light of learning and a most heavenly professor of divinity of his time, was of the same family. With -those of Tuderley, in Hampshire, and, when at ripe years, was educated iri all kind of learning and virtue in this university, (Oxford,) "but whether in Brazen^uose or All Souls College, as some surmise, I find not. What degrees he took it doth not appear, or whether he was admitted to the reading of the sentences, because, in the latter end of Henry VIII. and in the time of King Edward VI. the public registers 1 are very imperfect. In the time of Henry VIII. he was chaplain to A,nna Bdltyn, by whose means he had some preferment in the church, and was one of the four persons nominated by Archbishop Cranmer lo the king to.be a bishop in Ireland ; and, in the beginning of Queen Mary, he, among several zealous protestants, went to Frankfort in voluntary exile, where, being in great, estfom with the £4 THE HISTORY OP canon of Ghrist>Church ;* Watts, Archdeatcm of Middlesex ;f and other learned men, attended for the purpose of exa- mining,, first* the ushers 'whom Mulcaster had chosen, and English congregation, he wrote lections and homilies on St. Paul's epistles. In a brief discourse of the troubles began at Frankfort, in Germany, &c. printed 1575, you will find several of his discburses and answers to the objections of Dr. "Robert Home con- cerning matters 6f disciplitie and warship. ' After his return to England he had a hand in the third edition of the English Liturgy, in 1559, and was chosen one of the dis- putants against the Roman catholick bishops.— rSo that, in his discourses shewing himself a deep divine, the queen thereupon had so great an esteem for him that she offered him the archbishopfick of Canterbury, but he refused it, as, about the same time, he did the mastership of the hospital called the Savoy, in the Strand, near to London. So that whether he had sfriy dpfcfllualiiies of note Conferred on him is yet doubtful. His life was spent in celibacy, and, therefore, the belter esteemed by the queen, who had no great affection for ^oh priests that were married. He was con- ducted by death to the habitfalaOii' prepared for old agein 1 571 "-^Wood's Aihtnei, vol. i. p. 172. * " John Calfhill, who was a Shropshire-man bOffl, made his first entry in the univer- sity of Oxford about 1545, brought up a student in Christ-Church there, and, in 1560, made a canon thereof, admitted to the reading of 'the sentences the year following, and afterwards became doctor of divinity. In 1562, May 16, he Was admitted to the church of St. Andrews Wardfobe, 'Lowdon, aind, October 4 following, prebendary , of St. Pancras. In 1565, May 4, he Was Collated to the rectory Of Booking, in Essex, by Archbishop Parker, arid to this archdeaconry, (Colchester,) July l6followlng^ by Bishop Orindall ; at length, upon the translation Of Dr. EdWyn Sandys from Worcester to Lori- -don, in 1570, he was nominated by thequeen to succeed him, but before his consecra- tion thereto he died, having a little before resigned his canonship of Christ-Church, and also his church of St. Andrews Wardrobe, and was buried in the chancel of Bocking about the latter end of the month of August that year. He was, in his younger days, a noted poet and comedian, and, in his elder, an exact disputant, and had an excellent faculty in speaking and preaching." — NewcouM's Repertorittm, vol. i. p. 92. f " Thomas Watts was collated.to the prebend of Totenhale in 1 559, January 1, and succeeded Newell in this archdeaconry January 31, 1560, being then master of arts. He had the rectory of Bocfcing, Essex, conferred on him by the Archbishop of Can- terbury August, 1570yand Was commissioned to the deanery there, April 5, 1571, being now doctor of divinity. All these his preferments became void by his death before May 28, 1577; He was of Pembroke-Hall, in Cambridge, to which he was a benefac- tor, giving certain farms in Ashwell and Sauston for the maintenance of seven scholars, by the name of Greek scholars." — NeiecouH's Repertoriurn, vol. i. p. 82. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 25 •afterwards the different forms into which he had divided the school : in doing which they began with the head usher, and ended with the lowest, examining each of them separately as to his learning and manner of teaching. They then proceeded to try the hoys in the respective forms, beginning with the highest, and, after " they had gone through all the schole, for the most part," they reported to the master and wardens, who, together with Sir William Harper, (then in his mayoralty,) Sir Thomas- Offeley, Mr. Alderman Rowe, and others of the assistants, were assembled on the occasion, that the schoolmaster was worthy of .great commendation, and that the ushers had this only fault, that), being northern men born, they had not taught the children to speak distinctly, or to pronounce their words so well as they ought, but that some of the "boys had made a proficiency equal to the attainments of the scholars of any school in the realm ; which gratifying intelligence was quickly conveyed to Mulcaster, then lying sick in bed, and was received by him with cheerfulness and gratitude.* It does not appear that any visitation took place in the follow^ ing year; but, on the 13th of November, 1564, the same pious and venerable prelate, attended byNowell,-j- Dean of St. Paul's; * See minutes of court, 16th of August, 1562. f " Alexander Nowell, the second son of John Nowell, of Great Meerly, in Lan- cashire, was born in that county, bred up in Brazen-nose-College, Oxon, where he took the degree of bachelour of arts in 1536; he was afterwards fellow of that house, master of arts, and grew very famous for religion and learning. In the reign of King Edward VI. and perhaps before, he taught school at Westminster, but, when Queen Mary began to reign, he, much averse to the Roman catholic religion, left the kingdom and lived in Germany, whence, upon Queen -Elizabeth's coming to the crown, he returned ; and,. January 1, 1559, was collated to the archdeaconry of Middlesex, which he re- signed the year following, and was made the first canon of the seventh stall in the collegiate church of Westminster in 1560, in which year he was elected Dean of St., Paul's, November 17, and resigned his said canonry after he was made dean. — After- wards he became a frequent and painful preacher, and a zealous writer against the 26 THE HISTORY OF Mullins,* Archdeacon of London ; the celebrated Coverdale,f formerly Bishop of Exeter, but now rector of St. Magnus's by > English catholicks that had fled their country upon account of religion. December 3, 1560, he was collated to the prebend of Wildlaud, and, December 28, 1562, to the rectory of Hadham Magna, in Hertfordshire. In 1588, voiding his prebend of Wild- land, he was collated to that of Totenhale, November 11, which he held till his death. About 1589 he resigned his church of Hadham, and, in 1594, was installed canon of Windsor. September 6, 1595, he was elected principal of Braaen-nose-College, and, in October following, actually created doctor of divinity, with allowance of seniority pver all the doctors then in the university, not only in regard had to his age but dignity in the church. For thirty years together he preached the first and last sermons, in the time of Lent, before the queen, wherein he dwelt plainly and faithfully with her without dislike. He was a learned man, charitable to the poor, especially if they had any $hing of a scholar in them, and a great comforter of afflicted consciences. He died February 13, 1601-2, and was buried within the chappel of the Virgin Mary in bis own cathedral-church, where, soon after, was a comely monument set over his grave, a representation whereof, and also the inscriptions thereon, both in prose and rerse, may be seen in Hist. Paul. p. 110, HI; and his benefactions to Brazen-nose- College and other matters in Antiq. Oxon. lib. ii. p. 214 and 225 ; and what he pub- lished in Ath. Oxon. vol. i. p. 313." — Newcourfs Repertorium, vol. i, p. 49, 50. * " John Mullins, Molens, or Molins, was born in Somersetshire, elected probationer- fellow of Magdalen-College, Oxon, in 1541, and afterwards, being made bachelour of aivmity, became a zealous man for reformation. In Queen Mary's time he left. the nation for religion sake and settled at Zurich, where he was esteemed a learned man of credit and authority, and, as 'tis said, Greek reader amongst the natives of England.. When Queen Elizabeth came to the crown he returned, and she presented him to the prebend of Kentish Town, to which he Was admitted July 29, 155Q, and, on Decem- ber 13 following, to this archdeaconry. In 1561 he was admitted to the rectory of Theydon-Gernon, February 9, and, on May 28, 1577, Grindal, then Archbishop of Canterbury, conferred on him the rectory of Booking, both in Essex; afterwards, viz. October 21, 1587, his successor, Whitgift, made him (joyntly with John Still, rector of Hadleigh,) Dean of Booking ; all which preferments he held till his death, which happened 1 1 kal. of June, 1591. He was buried in the north ile adjoyning to the choir of the cathedral church of St. Paul, and over his grave was a flat stone laid, with his image thereon engraven on a brass plate, a resemblance of which with his epitaph may be seen in Hist. Pauh. 104. He gave by his will £o,0(y to purchase lands worth £\2 per annum for an exhibition to be given to two scholars of Magdalen-College, Oxon. each to have £6. He was rector of St. Botolph's, Billinsgate, when Dr. Ael- iner was Bishop of London." — Ncwcourt's Repertorium, vol. i. p. 63. MERCHANTVrAYTxORS' SCHOOL. 27 London-Bridge j Whitehead, Calf hill, Wright, Bowsfield, and other learned men, went to the school, at eight o'clock in the morning, for the purpose of examining the ushers and scholars. They were there joined by the. whole court of the Merchant-Tay- lor*' Company; immediately on whose entrance a boy of the name of King delivered " a pythye and eloquent oracion in the mydds of the schole." After the oration a number of the scho* lars delivered copies off verses and epistles into the hands of his lordship, who, together with his associates, repaired " into the late chappeli-chamber, where they began with the apposieions of the chief iiii formes, and finished with the examination of the three ushers." This occupied them till dinner-time, when they ad- journed to the company's hall, in Threadneedle-Street, to partake of a repast provided by stewards appointed for the occasion, aided in the expense by a legacy lately bequeathed by Mr. Henry Suekley ; but, as the business of the day had mot been completed, ■f Miles CoverdaTe, Bishop of Exeter in the reign of Edward VI. and author of several tracts-, was, born- in Yorkshire in the reign of Henry VII. and, being educated 1 in the Romish religion, became an Augustin monk ; afterwards, embracing the reforra»a- tioa, he entered into holy orders. He assisted William Tindal in the English version of the Bible, published in 1537, and afterwards revised and corrected the edition of it in a larger volume with notes in 1540. August the J 4th, 1551, he succeeded Dr. John Harman-in the see of Exeter, being promoted propter singularem sacrarum literaruni doctrinam, moresque probatissimos, L e. on account of his extraordinary knowledge in divinity and his unblemished: -character. — The patent for conferring this bishoprick on him, though a married man, is dated August 14, 1551, at Westminster. Upon the change of ijebgion, in Queen, Mary's reign Bishop Co-verdaje was ejected from his see and thrown into prispn,, out of which he. was released at the, earnest request, of the King ojf Denmark, and, as a very great favour, permitted, to go into banishment* Soon after Queen Elizabeth's accession, to the tjhrone he ?etu>rned from his exile, but reftysed to be restored to his bishoprick. He was presented to the living of St. Mag-! »U|S;On the 3d of March, 1563,; but resigned it in little more than three years> and, %MNa:,hi a good, ojdi age at London, was buried in the chancel of St. Bartholomew's 'by- th$ Exchange,. 1,9th. of February, 1568. — BiograpJua Britannka. Fox's Acts and. Monuments, vpl. iii. p. 149. Store's Survey, b. ii. p. 121. Malcolm's LondiniumJ&ec&vwum, vol. ii. p. 428. e2 28 THE HISTORY OP seven or more of the learned men above-mentioned were re-* quested by the Bishop to renew the appositions, which they continued till five o'clock in the afternoon, when the assembly broke up perfectly satisfied with what they had seen and heard. Nor was the visitation in 1565 less gratifying to the founders and patrons of the school. On the 2d of November the wardens were desired to wait on the Bishop of London and some other, men of letters, inviting them to examine the boys, and afterwards to dine with the company on Monday the 12th of that month. The Bishop promised to attend ; and accordingly, on the day appointed^ his lordship made his appearance, accompanied by Goodman, Dean> of Westminster. ;* Watts, Archdeacon of Middlesex ;.-Calfhill, now. Archdeacon of Colchester; Gough, rector of St. Peter's, Cornhill ; Whitehead, Bowsfield, Barnes, and others. The examination was> conducted in the usual manner. And when it was concluded the; company were informed that the master and ushers deserved every, commendation for the diligence with which they had performed their duty. Mulcaster in particular was highly complimented on. the occasion, and earnestly entreated not to remit in his- attention to the school. -f- Circumstances, with which we are not made acquainted, pre- vented the visitation from taking place at the customary time (before Christmas) in 1566.. But, on Thursday, the 6th of Febru- ary following, the school was visited by such learned men as the- * " Gabriel Goodman was made dean of Westminster in l£6l, having been before that prebendary of the 12th stall. He was likewise prebendary of Chiswick in the cathedral church of St. Paul, but the time of his admission thereto appears not. He founded an hospital and a free-school at Ruthven, in Denbighshire, ann. 1595, which was the place of his nativity. After he had been dean of this church forty years he departed this life July 17, 1601, being then 73 years old; and was buried on the south- side of the chappell of St. Benedict, and had a monument of black and white marble, with his statue kneeling thereon, erected to his memory." — Newcowt's Repertoriunii vol. i. p. 719. ■\ See minutes of court, November 12* 1565. MERCH'ANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 29 master arid wardens could procure. And, after the examination* there was a dinner at the hall, " to the makyng whereof the nfr payde to, the stiiards jCv'ii. whereof; £ v. was of the legacye of Mr. Richarde Botyll,.* and xl. sh. residue was given by. John Mans* * This worthy citizen, appears to have been, the confidential agent of the court in making purchases of lands, 8tc. which he' afterwards conveyed to the company by wills of a specifick nature; which wills, in conformity to the privileges of the citizens of London, or theiionourable sentiments of the times, were acted upon as deeds during the life of the testator. On. the. firstof May, 156 1, he bequeathed the pact of .the Manor of the Rose, which he had lately purchased, jto the master and wardens of the Mer- chant-Taylors' Company, to have and to hold the same, " unto the foresaid nfr and wardens, and to theire successores, maister and Wardens of the said ffraternytye, for the tyme beinge, to the onely use of the said iriV and "wardens^ and to- theire sue* cessors for,ever." And though they could nab perhaps-legally enter on the property till ^ after his death, (which did not take pjace till the year 1565,) they justly considered the conveyance as irrevocable, and immediately set about the establishment of. their sehool. But that in this he was> only an agent, or at most a partial, and not a whole and sole benefactor, is to be concluded' from these considerations : — l; Mr. Hills is acknowledged to have contributed largely (see page 2,) : towards the purchase, and, seems. to have been distinguished above his brethren of the court by being joined nominatim with the master and wardens, for. the time being, in an appointment " to make a survey at theire newe erected schole at St. L. Pounteney j" and, twenty-seven years afterwards, Miilcaster, speaking of the; circumstances of his ejection, says, that " Mr. Hills, being partlie a ffounder of the same schole, and sitting here as mr, did compound with him, &c." and if Hills so distinguished himself, it is not to.be supposed that wealthier men like White,, Harper, Rowe,,an>d others, contributed nothing as individuals. /See minutes of court, Dec. .23, loQ^Mareh 19? 1 563, Feb. 13, 1588> fyc^fyc.) But, 2.. to whatever sum the contributions of individuals- amounted, it it unde- niable that the. company, in their corporate capacity, contributed a considerable parfy as on many occasions, for several yeais afterwards, their records speak, "of there greate charge, which they of late have been at, in and aboute their ereccion^and godly foun-< dacon of late made of their gram, schole, founded within the parysshe of St. Laurens Ppuntney, in London, and of the. yerely stipends graunted towards the teachers* therein;" and " forasmoche as. this house, at this presente,.ys at such an after-dele and so greately in debte, by reason for greate charge expended of Jate inland aboute the ereciqn of there late erected gramer-schole, and for the yerely maintenaunce thereof," &.c.— (See minutes, of court, April 19, 1564, Dec. 9, 1566.) And, 3. Botyll, by his? farfwill, in the registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, revokes all former wiUS, except such as he had made concerning lands, &Cj within the cily of London^ 30 THE HISTORY OF bridge thelder, foe that, the lyverye was present at the burial! of his late wief."* By this ti me the novelty of visitations had ceased, and all things were beginning" to wear the appearance of routine, when the be* nefaction of Sir Thomas White gave a consequence to the foun- dation, which immediately raised; it to a superior rank among the publick s^inaries of the country. From this rank Merchant- Taylors- School has never fallen. And, when with conscious pride she contemplates the academical rewards in store for her scholars, she yields to none but Westminster,. Eton* and Winches- ter, those pre-eminent seats of learning, after which it may be. glory enough to be reckoned the fourth school in Great Britain. Hitherto the school had enjoyed but little connection with the universities. Archdeacon Watts had founded scholarships at Pembroke-Hal^ in, Cambridge* with a general preference to youth educated at schools in the metropolis;, and several of hi& first seho* lars were such as had attracted his notice at the episcopal visita- tions already mentioned. And the company, in compliance with a request ftonj the mayor and aldermen, had agreed tp keep, a scholar,, either at Oxford °* Cambridge, at the annual expense of five pounds, under- the appellation of " the Merchant-Taylors' in &VOHE of the Merchant-Taylors! Company, according to the special trust and affiance of them in him committed; thereby confirming, together with one or two more of the same sort, the specifick will of the nature above described, which, after a diligent) aad expensive search in different courts of record, I at last found in the court o£ Hustings-. — r- The result of the whote is, that the school was founded, as it is expressed in the statutes, by the master, wardens, and assistants, " in the names of all the whole body of the Company of the Merchant-Taylors, in London," butthat the house) with its appurtenances, was purchased partly by the company in their corporate capacity, partly by Mr. Hills, and, it is probable, partly by other indi- viduals, through the agency and with the assistance, perhaps, of Mr. Botyll. * See minutes of court, January 17, 156?. — It was customary for the liverymen of the company to attend- the funerals of their worshipful; brethren, or their relatives, and, either on the days of burial or shortly after, to partake of a refection at the hall, pro- vided by the executors or friends of thedeceased. MERCHANir-TAYl&as' SCHOOL. 31 Scholar/"* But these advantages were of too contingent and uncertain a nature to form the basis of any permanent connection between the school an4 the universities ; and, therefore, Sir Tho* * " April 19, 1564. — Item. Whereas, requeste have been made bjr the Righte Honorable Lord Mayor and the Right Worshipful! the Aldermen, his brethren, unto this house, that this house, at their oWn charge^ Wolde Fynde, yerely, One schollef to fee student within one of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge ; whereapon they foresaid master, Wardens, and assistefits, havinge well Wey de and coffsydered the state of this houre, And theruponfyndyng the same not to be of hahyryte to sttsteigne orbeaie any further charge, at this presente, other then or those which they heretofore have charged themselves to beai-e and maynteign, By reason of there greate charge which they of late have been at, not only in and about their erecon and godly foundacon of late made of that there gram, schole, founded within the parysshe of St. Laurens Pountney, in London, and of the yerely stipends graunted towards the teachers therein,. Bat also fot in and about the late settinge Out of soldyars, and furnature of arms for the same soldyars, as otherwise. Arid, therefore, it is aggreed that no sirch charge as is before requested shalbe borne out of the common boxe of this rnistefie ; And yet, notwythstanayngeibe'same, It is at this i p¥eseut% Thomas Row*, Aidettnan, towards the same for his parte, barb, at «his presenile, willyngly g«uatrtyd to give, yerely, xxs. Also of every one that now or toereafter ^all have borne the e-ffyce and roome of to*r of this mistere ws> mid. by yere. And of ev-ry owe of this mistere, nowe being, or, that hereafter, for the tyme 'being, shadfee, in tlfhce of a warden -of this raistete vis. viiitf. hy yere ; and of every other of th« vesytiws of the members of this riitetere wbich nowe or hereafter shafbe of the nooibre of the assystents of this house, and not being in the oiffiee and roome of the m~r or of a warden of this mistere ffy vo shillings, by yere ; all which said somes so to be levyed te be paid ^quarter ly. And yff any surplasage shall rernayne over the above the finding of the said* seheUer, That then the saide Surplusage to rernayne ki the iriYs hands of 32 • ■ v TUB HISTORY OP mas White, who, as a member of the court, had already been a co-founder of the school, came forward as a munificent benefactor to it, by appropriating to its scholars thirty-seven fellowships at St. John's College, in Oxford, which he had recently founded at his soje expense.* this mistere, for the tyme beinge, tothe use of this house, to be Imployed upon bookes for the saide scholleror otherwise, as by thassynts of this house, from tyme to.tyme^ shalbe thought mete and convenyent. And the saide scholler, so to be founde by this house, to be, from tyme to tyme, admitted by the master, wardens, and assistants, of this , mistere, for the tyme being, and to be nominated the Merchant-Tayllors' Scboler, And every such scholler, so to. be admytted, as aforesaid, shall make.promys at his admittans to studye and be student in dyvinite within one of thesaiduniversities, or else he shall not be admitted to have the exhibition above grauntyd. " Die Veneris xxiiii. Die Aprilis, anno pradicto. " Ffirsteat this daye the m~r and wardens delyvred unto thands of the mayor a wry- tinge in hhe visitation took place* fm ftjhe 1st of jD<£cemb$r, l^g?,/* P-wente, not in which he made considerable additions to the endowment, and specified theology, philosophy, canon and civil law, and the arts, as ihe studies to be pursued. On this occasion he appointed the same president, Belsire, and the following graduate scholars, John Bavant, M.A. of Christ-Church, first Greek reader .here; John James, LL.D. late principal of White-Hail, where Jesus-College is builtj vice-^residept; and Wil- liam Elye, 'MA. of Brasen-Nose, xaftefwards second president ; the other scholars were Ralph Wyndon, Thomas Palmer, William Smallwoocl, Leonard Stopes* William Brigham, Lewis ap Howel or Powel or Jones, Henry Russel, John Phillips, Thomas Culpeper, Thomas Press, Francis Willys, Gregory Martin, Anthony Harrys, John Halse or Halsey, William Bridgeman, and Edmund- Campian, afterwards the cele- brated Jesuit. He next gave them a body of statutes, which are supposed to have been drawn up by Sir William Cordall ; seconding to these the society was limitted to a president, fifty fellows and scholars, of whom twelve mere to study Jaw, three chap- lains, three clerks, and six choristers ; but the chaplains, clerits, and choristers, were discontinued in 1577, owing to a decrease of the funds for their maintenance; of the fifty fellows two^vere to be chosen from Coventry, two from Bristol, two from Read- ing, and one from Tuubridge, the remaining forty-three from Merchant-Taylors' school, London; out of which number six fellowships are reserved for the kindred of the •founder." — (Chalmers's History of Oxford, vol. ii. p. 372, 575.) Mr. Chalmers is per- fectly correct in stating that Sir Thomas White gave forty-three fellowships to Mer- chant-Taylors' school, subject to the claim of founder's kin to the number of six, 34 THE HISTORY OF districts, but in the more distant counties of Oxford, Northamp- ton, Dorset, Somerset, and even York, hastened to send their youth to a school, whose beginnings were so happy and aus- picious. The number allowed to be taught on the foundation was soon complete; and Mulcaster was prevailed on to open rooms in his own house for the reception of , pupils above the sta- tutable number. But this drew down upon him, for the first time, the censure of his patrons, and he was obliged to dismiss all su- pernumerary boys ; for whom vacancies did not offer by a given day.-f and if the kin had failed, the whole number of forty-three would have been filled op by Merchant-Taylors' boys; but as the kin are very numerous, and do not fail to assert their claims from time to time, I have thought it advisable to represent the number of. the fellowships as only thirty-seven, that I might not appear to over-rate the actual advantages of the foundation ; for though, in default of a founder's kin candidate, the vacancy is filled up by a Merchant-Taylors' boy, the school repays the turn at the next election. * " Item, at this daye John Tappe and Richarde Paramore are appointed stewards for a dynner by them here to be made the firste daye of December nexte, for the lyvery of the said company and such lerned men as the m~r and wardens shall appoynte for the vysitacon of the schole, and the sayd stewards have resceyved towards the makinge of the sayde dynner <£vi : xiii ; iiii, which was bequeathed by Mr.Smelley, late deceassed, for the same intente." — See minutes of court, 10th November, 1567. f " Ffyrste at this daye, it is agreed by the master, wardens, and surveyors, of there late erected schole, founded within the parysshe of St. Lawrens Pountney, of London, That Mr. Richarde Mulcaster, scholemaister there, shall not in enywyse upon payne of dysnayssing and avoydynge of hym oute and frome the roome and place of scholemaistershippe of the sayde schole, take or resceive any scholler or schollers to be taughte within the sayde schole, or in any other place, or rooms annexed to the sayde schole, after the 25th daye of March now nexte ensuynge, But onely suche scholler or schollers as shalbe firste admytted to be taughte within the saide schole, by the nfr and wardens of this misterye for the tyme beynge ; And so cei tyfied by the sayde m~r and wardens, by theire hands subscribed to thcsame admyssion accordyno-ly, accordinge to an ordennance in that behalf here made. And, also, it is further agreed, by the saide nfr, wardens, and surveyors, afores~d, that where he, the sayde Mr. Mulcaster hathe at this presente daye resceived and taken into the sayde schole a nombre of schollers over and aboye"\he nombre that is there lymitted and appointed to be taughte within the sayde schole, which were now admytted bythe saide nfr and MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 35 « The sch6ol, thus reduced within due bounds, was visited on the 7th of March, 1569, and the 24th of April, 1570, the: court having for some reason or other changed the time of visitation. In 1571 it does not seem to have been visited at all ; but this was a matter of little consequence, compared with the feeling which was ex- cited by the statutes of Sir Thomas White, respecting the election of scholars to St. John's, not having yet been carried into execu- tion.* Fleetwood, Lucar, Hills, Rose, God, and Browne, not only shared in the general sensation, but felt particularly for the prosperity of a school which had been founded partly by them- selves. The result of which was that, at a court holden on the tenth anniversary of the foundation, it was determined to write to the college, peremptorily calling on them to join in an election on the feast of St. Barnabas in the following year.-f- "wardens, that he, the sayde Mr. Muleaster, shall, before the ffeast of thannunciation of" our lady now n«xte comynge, clerely dyssmysse and dyscharge^oute and from the sayde schole, all suche scholler and schollers as be there now above the sayde nombre that is lymitted to be taught within the sayde schole, and were not admytted by the sayde rrfr and wardens on payne of his dyssmyssing oute and frome the saide roome of scholemaistershippe of the said schole, if hee shall •doo contrary to the true intente, effecte, and meanynge hereof." — See minutes of court, 15th January, 1569. * " 1571. Nemo electus, ut liquido constat ex Bursar. Comput. cumtamen socio- rum numerus ad 24 redactus sit." — See MS. Account of Fellows of. St. John's, in the President's library. E. 1. 2. f " 24th September, 1571. Ffirste at this day, whereas, Sir Thomas White, knighte and alderman of London while he lyved, of his mere good will and love that he barelowarde this worshippfull companie, whereof he was a lovinge member, hathe apoynted and ordeigned by statute a yointe election ow-te of there late erected gram- mer scholle in the parrishe of Sainte Lawrance Pountney, in London, to be hadd yearlie upon Sainte Barnabies daie for schollers to be had and chosen unto the college of St. John Baptiste, in Oxforde, whereof the sayde Sir Thomas White ys Ffounder ; which election soordeyned by the saide Sir Thomas White hathe not as yet bene putt in ure andexsecution accordinge to his true meaninge ; Therefore yt is by the saide iri"r, wardens, and assistents, agreed and decreed, that the coppie of this l~re here- under written, iwhereunto the saide nvr, wardens, and assistents, hathe subscribed their names, and -hathe caused the same to be sealed with their common seale, to be e2 66 THE HISTORY OF A letter to this effect was sent off the next- day ; but, as no notice was taken of it, the court, after waiting in great anxiety for near six months, thought fit to send a. deputation to Sir Wil- liam Gordall, master of the rolls, as one of the visitorsof the college, to procure his interference in behalf of the school.* In conse^- forthwithe sente unto the presidente and ffellowes of the saide colledge of St. John Baptiste, to the intente that the saide election, so by ther said good Sounder ordeigned, maye be putt in ure and execution from hensforthe accordinglie. The coppie of which letter forthwithe written in hac verba, viz. 'Right worshipfull, after our hartie eotn- ^■ndafrions; whereas, that worthye man, Sir Thomas- White> a brother of our com- panje: and' your ffouuder,. uppon great cqnsideracons, partely couched in statute, partlie in contracte betwene us and hym, hathe ordeigned a joynte election, by us and you in certain order lymitted by statute to be made, on St. Barnibies daie in the chappell of our schole, in Sainte Lawrence Pountney's p~rishe, in London, ffor supplying suche schollershippes as shall then be vacante in your colledge ; and the same hathe not bene as yet executed, wee do therefore frindlie require you, and in behaulf of your saide worthye ^founder's owne meaininge,, ear&estlie desire you that it wpnlde pleaBC' you friendlie and charitably to putte your saide order in execution the next St.Barnabie's daie,.in suche forme as your saide worthie Flounder hathe.appoynted ; which, yf you willdio,. as wee truste you. will, upon this our gentell motion>, we are yours to gratifie in parte and in hole wherein wee maye., Yf. not, you inforce not onely us but: also all suche estates,, carporac.ons, societies,,- and private persons, as have interest by the saide graunte of your worthie ffounder, to seekc suche waies and rneanes for the ohteign-: merrte thereof as.tbe.lawesof the realme and ordennances of unyvorsities and colleges do pennitte and use in suche cases ;. how, be yt we hope, seeinge; your worthie ffounden bestowed- so muche labor in penninge the order so presycely. and declaredi so pithie reasons why he did it, you will bo.the wyselie consider his soicarsefull devise, and in the exiecute-so godlike a meaninge consideringe alvvaie there' ys noiDerogacon unto you, seeinge the election is joynte, and you.maie use the benefyte of our schole for ennye of yours at all tymes thereunto be- orderlie elected into your colledge., Thua lokinge lor answjerflifrqm you, we do hartelie byd you fare, well, ffrcm our common, haule in ^cQurte of assistents the xxv tL of Septembre,. A?- 1571." ** " Efirste at this daie was redd ann abbredgment of the. statute made by the right worshipfull Sir Thomas White, knight,, whitest he ly.ved, a lovinge brother of this mistery, And founder of the colledge of St. John Baptist,, in Oxford, for the contynuall furnishinge of the saide colledge with scholers, by the which it apereth that the master, wardens, and assistents, of this- mistery, together with the; president or vice-president and two senior fellowes of the. sayd colledge,. ought: to have the. merchant-Taylors' school. 37 quence of this an explanation took place, from which it appeared ,, that the president and fellows - had been deterred from coming to London, by the expense of travelling, which the funds of their society were not able. to bear: on hearing which, Sir William sent Mulcaster to request that the company would defra}* the neeessary charges till the college could afford to send up the president and fellows at their own cost ; but offering at the same time to pay the expense out of his own purse, rather than suffer any additional burden to be thrown as yet upon St. John's.*' To this proposition, the company chearfully assented, " for the benefitt and prefarrement of their scdle, without making any pre- sident thereof, wherby the might be charged hereafter of dutie to eontynew the same/' And lest one day should not afford them time enough to proceed with becoming gravity and deliberation, they ordered the examination to take place on the day preceding that of the election. Accordingly, about eight o'clock in the morning of the 10th of June, Home, Bishop of Winchester ;f nominacon and elecon of fforty and three soholers owt of' the grain, sc-hole belonginge to this company:, in the p~rishe of Saiate Lawrence Pountney, in London 1 ; or in defalte of able and meete scholers- there, owt of other, scholes-of the said cilie, when the place of #ny of the sajd xliii scholers then placed in the said eoliedge, or any of them,, should" happento be vacante, whereuppon it is thought good that sute be made unto the righte worshipfull Sir William Cordall, knight^ nfr of the rolls£ and one of the visitors of the said oolledge^. by these Wdrshipfull men* whose names be hereafter written,, that the sayd nominacDn and elecoon of xliii scholars may be obtayrted and observed, accordinge to the sayd statute: — Mr. Willmi Fletw'ood, recr. Mr. Richd. Hills, Mr. Win. Albany, Mr.Robt; Hulstorg. Mx.Wm. Kympton, Mr. Thos. Wilford, and* Nicholas Spencer."— See minutes; of court, IQ March, 1672. * See minutes of court, 7 May, 1572. f " Rob. Home was born in the bishoprick of Durham, educated in St. John's College, in Cambridge. (In Oct. 3, 1546,. he being then S.T.B. whs admitted' to the vie. of Matching, Essex, which he resigned; before Feb. 27, J55S'; was collated' to the rectory of Allhallows, Broad-street, May 8, 1550, which he resigned before Mar. 10, 1551. Iii King. Edward's days he was Dean of the Gh. of Durham ; and'j'coming ijerwlyout of Germany, where he lived all, Q. Mary's-' days>) he vifis consecrated Bishop 38 THE HISTORY OF «. Nowell, Dean Of St. Paul's ; Goodman, Dean of Westminster; Watts, Archdeacon of Middlesex ; Young, Rector of St. Mag- nus's ;*- Robinson, President of St. John's College, Oxford ;-f- Rus- sell;}: and Case,§ senior fellows of the said College, the master, war- dens, and assistants, of the company, and many others, assembled at the school. A brief speech was directed to the company, and copies of verses delivered to them, containing the thanks of the scholars for the benefits bestowed on them by the liberal goodness of their patrons. After this an eloquent oration was pronounced of Winton, in 1560, where he sat near 20 years. He died at Winchester-Place, in Southwark, and lieth buried, near the pulpit, in the body of his Cathedral-Church, under a flat marble, whereon are engraven these words, viz.— -Robertas Horn, Theolo- gize Doctor, eximius, quondam Chrhti causa Exul, deinde Episcopus Winton : pie obiit in DominOj Jun. 1, 1580. Episcopatus sui anno decimo nono." — Newcourt's Repertorium, vol.i. p. 246. * " John Young was born in Cheapside, London, educated in Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge, of which he was fellow, and afterwards master; minister of St. Giles without Cripplegate, London ; twice vice-chancellour of Camb; prebendary of West- minster, in 1572, (promoted to the sea of Rochester, to which he was consecrated Mar. 16, 1577, and held this church of St. Magnus it seems in commendam till he resigned it in 1592,) as also his said preb. of Westminster, till about the time of his death, which happened at Bromley, in Kent, April 10, 1605, aged seventy-one years ; he was buried in the church there, May 14, following ; soon after a comely monu- ment was put over his grave, with an inscription thereon, wherein 'tis said that he was nan minus varia doctrina et prudentia, quam vita sanctimonia clarus, fyc." — Ntw- conrt's Repertorium, vol. i. p. 398! f " John Robinson, M.A. afterwards D.D. sometime a scholar of Pembroke-Hall, in Cambridge, was elected, by the founder, with the consent of the fellows, (as were the three former,) 4 Sept. 1564, and in 1566 he was incorporated D.D. as he had stood at Cambridge ; he was rector of Kingston, Bake£U^,_hi_Berkshire, and resigned 10 July, 1572, being then, or about that time, archdeacon of Lincoln."— Gutch's Colleges and Halls, p. 543. J Henry Russell, admitted M.A. 1562. § " John Case, master of arts, in 1562, (afterward doctor of physic,) gave an hundred pounds to purchase £5 per ann. in land, that the rent thereof might be distributed yearly after his death to two of the fellows, students in "divinity, as the president and fellows should best devise; and that they should be yearly chosen, as their officers are, by the president and ten seniors, &c. Feb. 17, 1583, settled 1602 ; at which time Mr. merchant-Taylors' school. 39 by William Buggins, more particularly addressed to his lordship and the other examiners, to which Nowell made an appropriate reply. The boys repeated their thanks " to the founders for their charges, and to the learned men for their paynes," to whom they gave " aboutte a quere of paper in written verses." And then they all went into the chapel, where they were seated in the fol- lowing manner : — the master of the company at the head of the table, I' and northwarde the bishoppe at . the uppermoste place one the wall syde towardes the rifr, after whom M~r Deane of Powles, M~r Deane of Westminster, M~r Archdeaken Wattes, M~r Doctor Yonge, M~r Robinson, M~r Bowsfield,* M~r Porder,f M~r Withers, M~r Russell, M~r Case, &c. and next unto the rnr on the bench aboute the scole (chapel) satt the assistants accordinge to their auncyenty." Before this venerable assembly the head scholars of the school presented themselves for examination; and after one of them had briefly enumerated the several books they were learning in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, Nowell began the examination by directing the lowest of that form to declare the Sense and construction of a particular ode of Horace ; " which, from one to another, he prosecuted throughe the whole nomber, untill the captayn, requiringe diversytie of phrases and varietie of wordes and fynally obmyttinge nothinge which might seme neadfull for the tryall of their leminge in the Latyn tongue." After him Watts examined the same boys in Homer, as to their skill in Greek, which was his favourite language. And then Home tried them in the Hebrew psalter. In all which exercises William Laud and Mr. Jo. Rawlinson were the first that were elected to receive it." — Gutch's Colleges and Halls, p. 540 and 56 1. * Bartholomew Bowsfield, M.A. was presented to the living of St. Christopher's, London, 20 Oct. 1567; and, on the 9th of June, 1575, was elected provost of Queen's College, Oxford, upon the resignation of Alan Scot, M.A. which election was con- firmed bj the Archbishop of York, on the 14th of the same month. — N'ewcourt's Re- .pertprium, v. i. p. 324, and Gutch's Colleges and Halls, p. 148. t Richard Porder succeeded Gough in the rectory of St. Peter's, Cornhill, 26 Jan. v 40 ■ .THE HISTORY OP they were well allowed . J3y this time it was ^le-ven io' clock ; b,u t, as the dinner at the hall was not to be on table till ttwelvje, the interval was employed by Goodman, in examining the scholars of the jiext form, in Cjcjeros Tusculan Questions. Ait dinner the company were joined by Sir William Cordall, who, as soon as the repast was finished, very courteously repaired with the bishop and Ins associates to the chapel, where, in conipliment to Sir William, there was "a short ,n,aracion" and delivery of verses- It was then determined that two scholars should be elected the next day, and that the examination should be confined to su oh four of the boys as should seem " meteste as well for learninge, personage, poverty, and years 9 to be presenly preferred to ^CJolledge." Mowell, Watts, Robinson, and Russel, named John Thomas, John Rickes- mon-de, William Lee, and Thomas Harrison, as having the requi- site qualifications. To this nomination all present assented : " and fyve of the clocke being striken, the saide assemble was dissolved^ and every man departed."* Next day the master, wardens, and assistants of the company, with the president and two senior fellows of St. John's,, met in the chapel, according to the sta- tutes of Sir Thomas White, for the purpose of ejecting the two scholars ; when, after due consideration, they chose Rickesmond and Lee to supply two of the places vacant in the college.-j- 1568, and held it, with the rectory of Hedingham Sible, Middlesex, till his death, which happened about the end of 1574. — fiewsourt's Repertorium, v.L p. '526, and v. ii. p. 324. * It afterwards became the practice for the examiners to return to' the electors a given number of the best qualified head scholars, out of whom the election was to be made. The number so returned was generally double that of the vagancies to be sup- plied ; by which method'em.ulatwn was kept up to the last. % t The MS. Account of. fellows of St. John's, already referred to, p. 35, places this election a year later, but the above detail,' taken from the diary of the company's proceedings, written at the time, cannot fail to be correct. — As jt. would swell this part of the work beyond its due proportion to insert in it the degrees, works, prefer- ments, &c. of the scholars who have been elected from Merchant-Taylors' to St. John's I shall reserve all such particujiars for nptice in the second part, or in a list of head scholars at the end of the volume. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL., 41 r IVom this beginning the company at first flattered themselves that there would be no difficulty in procuring an election, the fol'-r lowing year ; but it being intimated to them that there, was, a de- sign on the part of St. John's to omit it, they agreed., on the 27th of April, 1573, to send a deputation to the master of the rolls, requesting him to repeat his interference in behalf of their school ;* and the event showed that their apprehensions were too j well founded ; for, when they attended, in company with the Dean of Westminster, Archdeacon Watts, Archdeacon Walker,-}- Charke, Withers,' Sir William Cordall,|. and Mr* Justice Manwood,§ J 6n * " Yt is agreed and decreed, that. the. righte worshipful William Hodgson, the mt now beinge, and his wardens, accompanyed with the righte worshipfull M> Win. Fletewood, recorder, M~r Richard Hills, M~r Win, Albany, M"r Robart Hulson, and M~r Win Kympton, together with M~r Monkaster, will repay re unto the righte wor- shipfull Sir William Cordall, knighte, nfr of the rolls, to procure the ellection of schollers to be made oute of the granier-sehole appertayning to this mystery, for the full fiirnyture of fforty-three schollers' romes in St. John Baptiste Colledge, in Ox- forde, according, to the good and charitable devise and statute of Sir Thomas White, knighte, of worthy memory, late alderman of London, and a very beneficiall member of 'this mystery, and founder of the saide colled ge ; forsomuche as tlie said colledge is nowe in full possession of the landes geven for the mayntenance of the saide nomber of schollers ; leste omytting the tyme of opportunytie at the next visitacion of our schole afterwardes occasion be taken by some other to prac^tyze for the barringe or per- vejtingeof ihe said ellection, to the hindrance of the saide schollers, and the righte of thi3 worshipfull company." — See minutes of court, 27 April, 1573. f John Walker, D.D. succeeded Tho. Cole, M.A. in the archdeaconry of Essex, 10 July, 1571 ; after which he was collated to the rectory of Langden, cum Cap. de Basilden, in Essex, 12 Nov. 1573, and to the prebend of Mora, 14-Aug.. 1574. He resigned his archdeaconry about Aug. 1585 ; but kept his prebend and rectory till his death, about December, 1588. — Newcourt's Repertorium, v.i. p. 73. . J " Sir William Cordal, knight. Wherever he was born, he, had a. fair estate at Long.Melford, in this county, (Suffolk,) and lieth buried in that fair church, under a decent monument. W e w ^ translate his epitaph, which will perfectly acquaint, us with the great offices he had, and good offices he did to posterity : — , Hie Gulielmus habet requiem Co up el- Here William Cordal doth In rest jc- lus, avito ' , majn, , , , ,.,,;■-, Stemmate quiclarus, clarior ingenio; Great by his birth, but greater by bisb.rajn^ G 4& THE HISTORY OP St. Barnabas's Day, ihey had the mortification of receiving a letter from the president and fellows alledging many and variou* reason! why they declined joining in an election for the present.* Hie studiis primos consumpsit fortiter annos, Plying his studies hard his youth throughout* Mox et causarum strenuus actor erat. Of causes he became a pleader stout. Tanta illi doctrina inerat, facundia tanta, His learning deep, such eloquence did vent, Ut Parlamenti publica Lingua floret. He was chose Speaker of the Parliament. Postea factus Eques, Reginae arcana Mariae Afterwards Knight Q. Mary did hint make, Consilia, et patriae grande subibat opus ; And Counsellor, state-work to undertake ; Factus et est Custos Rotulorum, urgente And Master of the Rolls, well worn with Senecta age, In Christo moriens cepit ad Astra Viam. Dying in Christ,heaven was his utmost stage. Pauperibus largus victum vestemque minis- Diet and clothes to poor he gave at large, trans And a fair alms-house foundedon his charge. Insttper foospitii condWit ilte domum. He was made master of the rolls, Nov. 5, the fifth of Queen Mary, continuing therein till the day of hi* death, the 23d of Queen Elizabeth."— Fuller's Worthier, p. 72. For further particulars see Warton's Life of Sir Thomas Pope, p. 217. § " Sir Roger Manwood, born at Sandwich, in Kent, applied himself from his youth to tfte study of the common law, wherein he attained to such emrflency, that by Queen Elizabeth he was preferred second justice of the common pleas, in which place he gave such proof of his ability and integrity, that not long after, in Hillary term, in the 2" 1st. of Queen Elizabeth, he was made chief baron of the exchequer, discharging that office to his great commendation, full fourteen years, till the day of his death. He. was much employed in matters of state, and was one of the commissioners who sate on the trial of the Queen of Scots. His book on the forest-laws is a piece highly prized by men of his profession. In vacation time his most constant habitation was at St. Stephen's, in Canterbury, where, saith my author, (Camden,) the poor inhabitants were much beholding to his bounteous liberality. He erected and endowed a fair ftete-schooie at Sandwich, arid died in the 35th of Queen Elizabeth, anno Dom. 1593." — Fuller's Worthies, p. 76. " He was made justice of the common pleas the I4th of Oct. 1572." — Boys's Hist, of Sandwich, p. 465. * '* To the righte worshipful! our very ffrendes, the m~r, wardens, and assistants, of JHerehant-Taiflors, in London : — " As Wee have ben alwayes very desirous and willing (righte wurshipfull) to satisfie the statuts of our lale good founder, so are we not unmyndfull especially to answere that one wherein to electe a nombre of schdlers from your Schole wee are so straightely requiered, yet not withstanding so requiered that wee shoulde doe in this as in all other thinges" accdrdinge to the measure of our habilitie, which MERCHANT-TAXtOHS* SCHOOL. 43 This letter was signed by Matthew, the president,* and H. Hus- aell, Shawe,-f- Reade,;£ Case, Tories,^ Huchenson,|| Shringleton,f habilitie, yf yt woulde please you to understande, wee dowte not but, as towch- inge your requeste, this yeare you will stand fully satisfied ; ffor, althoughe by the deathe of our late foundresse, wee have receved in landes and lyvinge a grater benefitt, yet, consideringe the overcharginge of ourselves before, wee are not thejrby so greatly as yet enriched. You are not ignorante, wee hope, howe muche the whole staye and state of our colledge bathe ben weakened, how all our landes, from tyme to tyme hathe ben, syns our founder his deathe, encombred for the assureance and confir- macion, whereof our stock and treasure hathe ben greatly diminished, in so muche that wee ourselves before the laste acconipte wanted of our levynge not a lytle, ffor ■which cause the righte worshipfull, and our very good patron, the m~r of the roules, as yet extendith his liberallexhibicon towardes the two schollers which were laste elected from your schole. Ffurtherm ore, for lack of ready money to buy our cates yt is, my- serable to see howe the poore schollers of our howse this deare season are pynched. Wee are also, partly through coldnes, partely for wante of roome, constrained to over» loffce all the chambers in the whole colledge, which ariseth to no smale some of money, which thinge yf yt were not nowe done coulde jiever be accomplished. Wherefore before our treasure be agayne encreased some one hundreth poundes or two before hande to buy cates with all, provided our owne lyvinge amended and bur buyldingc fyaished, wee have to entreate you to staye your suyte, as towchinge the election of schollers from your schole, which being done, we promyse, God willinge, the nexte yeare fully to satisffie therein your expectacon. Thus levynge the discourse of these thinges unto the berare of this Tte, wee comytt you to the tuycon of the Almightie. 8 June, 1573. " Your assured in Christe, Tobie Matthew, Henry Russell, Henry Shawe, John Reade, John Case, Arthur Tories, Henry Huchenson, Robarte Shingleton, Rowland Russell." * " Tobie Matthew, M.A. student of Christ-Church, public orator of the university, 1569, canon of Christ-Church, and archdeacon of Bath, 1570, elected president 18 July, 1572, resigned 8 May, 1577, being then dean of Christ-Church ; he was after- wards dean of Durham, 1583, and bishop of the same, 1595, from whence he. was translated to the Archbishoprick of York, 1606 ; and dying in a good old age, l6€8, Was buried in that cathedral."— Gwfcft's Colleges and Halls, p. 544. Fof further parti- culars see Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 730. t Henry Shawe, admitted M.A. 1570 ; afterwards changing his religion he left the college, took orders in the church of Rome, and was imprisoned in the castle at Wisbech.— MS. account. % John Reade, admitted M.A. 1570, B.D. 1577, prebendary of Westminster, chap ? G 2 44 THE HISTORY OF and R. Russell/^ fellows of the college. Some of the reasons which it contained were plausible and specious ; but' it may be presumed not at all satisfactory to Sir William, as by his advice the company sent an answer to it on the 15th of June; in which they urged the college to a fulfilment of their promise the next yeav'.-f- No reply lain, to,. Treasurer Cecil, buried in the college chapel, " Cuj us Monumentum Virtus: • reliquit sua Fratri, qui ne monumentum illi." — MS. account.. § Arthur Torless, founder's kin, admitted B.A.. was: schoolmaster of Kinborough ■Eagle, in the county of Berks.— MS. account. ioft||, Henry Huchenson, who had been preferred to his scholarship by the founder ; he , died in the year 1573, at the age of gS, and was buried in the chapel, where a rnonu- 'ment was erected to his memory.by: his; brother Ralph. — MS. account. ■^iRobert Singleton i or, Shingleton, a native; of Leicester, J was admitted, ■ M.A> 1574, and died 29 July, 1577, .aged 29 years and 7 months.; He was buried in the chapel, where his monument still remains. — MS. account. * Rowland Russell> brother of Henry Russell above-mentioned, was admitted, M.A. 1577'.— MS. account. < _, f " To this Tresente from the colledge yt was though le good by this worshipful, ooilipanye, by thadvise of the m r of the rolls, to seixd an answer, whjch fpllpwith in ^heiriwordes:— To the wurshipfull and our lovinge ffrendes, the president and fellowes of St. John Baptiste, Colledge, in Oxforde; — " After; pur heartie-reconimendacions, &c. wee have reeed a Tje from ypu, dated the rjiith.of thispresente monethe of June, wherein you write that ypju are willinge and desirous to satisfie the statuts of your late founder, our lovinge brother, of, wprthie memory, Sir Thomas White, knight, See. especyally. concerninge the election of scholers from our schole ; but yo assigne dy vers causes why this yeare you can not, how reasonably you so do wee refarre yt to the judgmente of the righte wurshipfull Sir William Cordall, knighte, m~r of the rolls, yours, and our deare fTrende, who as he knoweth better the state of your colledge then wee do, so also, can judge o£ your sta- tutes and explane the founder's meaninge farre better then wee are able. But in our opynions wee thinck that the causes by you alledged are not of that necessitie why, for respecte of them, you shoulde utterly have reffused. to have comen to the election of schollers owte of our gramer schole, in London, this yeare, accordinge to your statuts (the expresse will of your founder) as not only wee, but also the saide m~r of the rolls, hathe gently requiered and rightefully expected, for lettinge passe (for bre- •vitie sake) your other causes of lesse importuance, and, to tuche the pretended neces- sitie to buylde for deffence of colde and for lacke of roome, by you alledged> as no- thinge very neadfull and chargeable, we can not but marvaile that ypu, havinge those MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 45 was made to it for more than two months : at the expiration of which time, as Sir William was then on the point of going to Oxford, they presented a memorial to him, on the 22d of August, complaining of the neglect with which they had been treated, and mentioning a report which had reached them, that though the president and fellows had excused themselves from joining with the company in an election in June, they had since held an election by themselves-* rowmes in your colledge which your founder appoynted for your whole riombre of stu- dents, and wherein whileste he lyved were manye moe students placed then nowe be in- your colledge, that you shoulde rather choise to bestowe the revenewes of your colledge to make moe and more commodious rowmes (which wee thinck was not his will) then to take your riomber of schollers, which was his declared will by statute. Ye are wise enowghe to consider, and wee dowte not but godly enowgh to graunte that the not executynge of the godly devises of suche as have heretofore geven their goods therefore, is the great discoraginge, yea utter hindrance, of many (in theis dayes of racked consciences) why they do not follow their predecessors lyke godly and charitable presidents, which pernycious evyll wee hope and wishe that bothe by worde and deade you will shewe yourselfes to condempne. And that you hensforthe will endevor for your parts to accomplishe what you may rightely do by your statuts rather then what you may seme in some respecte lawfully to doe. And that ye will so effectually ac- complishe your prornyse, towchinge the saide election the nexte yeare ensuynge as maye then satisfie onr expectacon, whereof wee wolde begladde; for, otherwise not otiely the tender care which we have of our schollers, but also the truste reposed in us by your saide founder, will compel! us to complayne. So knoweth God, who kepe you all, and prosper your studies, to the encrease of his glory, &c Ffrom our com- mon-hall, the xvth daye of June, anno Dom*. 1573. " Your lovinge fTrcndes, the m~r and wardens of the righte wurshipfull fellowshippe and company of Merchant-Taillors, in London." * " The remembrance of the Merchant-Taillors requeste unto the righte wurshipfull Sir Wiirin Cordall, knighte, m"r of the rolls, &c. geven to him at his goynge to Oxford :— " Althoughe, righte wurshipfull, wee have loked for an answer from the presidente and ffellowes in St. John Baptiste Colledge, in Oxforde, to our Predated the xvth daye of June lastfc paste, wherein wee shewed our contynued greif of their not comynge to make election owt of our schole of scholers appoyneted by their statuts, and a mislykeynge of their excuses in that behalf; yet have they not vouchsafed neither by writtinge nor worde to make us answere thereunto ; but,yf ytbe true that is reported,, 46* THE HISTORY OF Sir William promised to give order that some of the college should atterjd in London before the next term, when he would hear and their deads syns dothe shewe us that which maye make our complaynte more iuste and their excuses lesse Justifiable ; for to chuse no schollers this yeare owte of our schole so as they mighte have ben chosen nexte yeare, had ben but the forbering and delaye of the execution of their statute ; but to chuse syns of themselves schollers or querjRsters (as wee under-stande that they have done) withoute respecle of our consents, and the place by their good founder appoyneted, is an injury to us and our schollers, and a violatinge of their statute, sythe there is no place appoynted for the election, (savinge of the 7 which are to be chosen from Readinge, Bristowe, &c. but onely in the chappell of our schole, or elswhere in tyme or place where wee shall assign the place and be presente and give our assents, wherein we refarre us to their statuts. But syth your wurshippe hath promysed to geve order that some of the saide colledge shalbe here in London before the nexte terme, and that you then wilbe so good as to here and ende the said controversies betwene us and them aforesaide, and to geve order that "hereafter the like maye be avoyded ; wee thincke good, havingegeyen you hereby sufficiente sence of the cause of our griefe, no further untill that tyme to troble you in theis matters, but cotnytt your worshippe to the sauf tuycon of the Almightie, who sende you a prosperous jorney. Ffrom our common-hall, the xxiid daye of Auguste, anno 1573. " The sute of the Merchanttaillors to the righte wurshipfull Sir William Cordall, knighte, nfr of the rolls, See. tendith to this effecte : — *' I. That no scholler be chosen (the 7 for other speciall townes excepte) but by the saide Merchanttaillors, and the presidente and 2 sennior fellowes in the chapell of Lheire schole in London or elseswhere, as the election maye be made in suche manner as the statute dothe appoynte, which dothe not geve the presidente and ffellowes the creddytt only to allowe and chuse the schollers but requiereth that the Merchanttail- lors shall cale unto them other 2 lerned men for their better dirrection in the election, who oughte to have in that action the moste aucthorytie by statute, for the maye take exception of insufficiency in all, savinge to the vii, and Mr. Cromwell, and Mr. War- ren's children. " II. Item, to thende that Redinge and other townes maye have their right for the nominacion and election of vii schollers, and also the saide Merchanttaillors no wronge for the election of the 43 schollers and queresters owte of their schole. The , saide Merchanttaillors requier that so many schollers and queresters as are now to be ellected to fulfill and accomplishe the full nombre appoynted by statute maye be spedely and proporcionably placed, respectinge the order for the whole noinber of schollers that are to be chosen from those several! places, after the dirrection of theis founder. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 4fl end the controversy. And on the 11th of November the company appointed Hills, Albany, Kympton, Sparke, and Ffysshe, to assist the master and wardens in prosecuting their suit to the visitors of St. John's College.* The violence of this dispute between the company and the col- lege was appeased by the temperate and judicious award which Sir William Cordall, with the assistance of Dr. Lewes, judge of the admiralty courf/f made in March, 1574. On the 16th of that month it was read by the clerk in open court, fully ap- proved of and submitted to by the company, and ordered to be engrossed and sealed. And, as a convincing proof of their in* " III. If the ellection shoulde passe By the moste voyces of them in the colledge, then woulde every ffellowe in the col ledge endevor to prefarre his fffende or contry- man's childerne, or other for money fay practize, whereby a grete gappe of discorde woulde be oppened in the colledge, to the grete greif of their ffrends and hinderance of their studyes, besydes the b reach e of th ir flounder's statute, the gretiste hinderex of other men from doynge the lyke good deads to this common weelthe. " IV. The discommodrtie, whereof the founder well foreseeynge did appoynt the election to be made as in the ftirste article is remembred, which, to be confirmed, the Merchanttaiilors' requeste is, that so sone as the whole nomber shalbe accom- plished, that 43 of them by name maye be named as for such whose rowmes and places maye be from tyme to tyme furnyshed owte of their schole ; and that the daye of election may be certen, that prerogatyve schollers maye then fepayre thider to make their clayme accordingly." * See minutes of court, II November, 15*73. f David Lewes, born at Abergavenny, in the county of Monmouth, admitted fellow of All Souls College, 1541, principal of New Inn Hall, 27 Jan. 1545, D.C.L, 1548. He was afterwards the first principal of Jesus College, having been appointed by Queen Eli- zabeth in the foundation charter ; judge of the high court of Admiralty ; master of St. Cathar ine's Hos pital, near to the Tower of London ; one of the masters of the Chan- cery, and of her majesties requests. He died, on Monday, 2? AprU^ltydA, in the college, called Doctors Commons, at London; whereupon his body was conveyed to Abergavenny, in Monmouthshire, where it was buried on the 24th of May following, in the north chancel of the great church there, under a fair tomb, having thereon the ensigns of the Admiralty curiously carved, but with no inscription. It was erected by him while living, and remains an ornament to the church. — Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 72. Glitch's Colleges and Halls, p. 576 and 679. 4£ THE HISTORY OF tention not to revive the controversy, but to -act with, benevolence and kindness to the president, and fellows, they agreed to allow them,, as often as they should come up at the company's request on the business of the election, the sum of <£4, for their travelling charges..* *See minutes of court, 16 March, 1574, in which is inserted a copy of the award above-mentioned. " To all Xp"en people to whome this presente Awarde, indented, shall come redd, seane, or harde, I, Sir Wilful CordehV Knighte, M~r of the Rolls of the Quene's Ma ies Courte of Chancery, and one of the visitors of the Colledge of St. John's Bapp tiste within the universitic of Oxforde, sende gietinge in our Lorde God everlastinge, And this indenture, made the daye of Marche, in the xvith yeare of the raigne pf our sovrangine Lady Elizabeth, &c. Betwene the nfr and wardens of the Companye of Merchanttaillors, of the ffraternitie of St. John Baptiste, in London, on the one partie, And the presidente and Scholars of St. John's, in Oxforde, on the other partie, witnesseth That, whereas, a certen controversie is had, moved, and stirred, and yet dependinge betwene the saide irfr and wardens of the Companye of Merchant-tafllors and the saide presidente and scholers of the saide colledge, on the other partie, of, for, abowte, and conserning, the election of 43 scholers and 6 queresters, by one statute among other made by the righte wurshipfull Sir Thomas White, Knighte, of worthy memory, founder of the saide colledge, and inserted in the statute-boke of the same colledge in theis words, viz. Qum nihil sit in universa hominu" consociatione divinius nihil nre" nature aptius quam in eos liberales esse ac munificos quibus plurimu" debere nos arbitramur nee in ullos, &c. whereby the saide 43 scholers and 6 queresters are' appoyneted to be elected and named by the saide m"r and wardens and their assistants, together with the presidente or vice-presidente and 2 senior ffellowes of the same col- ledge in the gramer-schole of the saide ffraternitie, in the parisshe of St. Lawrence- Pountney's, in London, from tyme to tyme, or elsewhere, accordinge to the saide statute, for the furnishinge of the nombre of 50 students and 6 queresters to have con- tynuance and place in the saide colledge for ever, and other circumstants in and abowte the nomination and election wherein the parties aforesaid have submitted themselffs to my order, arbitraments, rule, and judgemente, which they have promysed to allowe, confirme, and stande unto, for ever, Knowe yee, therefore, That I, the saide Sir Will"m Cordell,- takynge upon me the heringe and pacefyenge of the saide contro- versies, have, for my better and dinecte procedinge therein requiered, and had thad- vise, Assistants, and counsell, and judgemente, of my good and wurshipfull ffrende M~r Lewes, doctor in the civill lawe and judge of the courte of the Admiraltie ; and, after dyvers and sondry herings of the saide parties, and of their learned counsel), I merchant-Taylors' school. 49 At the same court an order was made that no. scholar should stand for the election to St. John's, who had not attended the have thoughte good, with thadvise of the saide rnr Doctor Lewes, and uppon other good advisements and deliberation, to sett downe and geve myne Awarde, Judgemente, Ordenance, and fynall determinacyon, in and uppon the premisses, and with the con- sente of all the parties in manner and forme followinge: — Ffirste, I, the saide Sir William Cordell, havinge respecte that: the saide colledge is not presently able to beare the charges of the nombre of 50 students, to have continuall place in the said eolledge, for that it pleased God to take awaye their founder by deathe before he did endowe the saide colledge with sufficiente landes and livelihood for the mayntenance of the saide nomber, do deame, order, and judge, that the saide presidente and scholars, nowe beinge, or their successors, shall not be bounde by force of the wordes of the saide statute to electe and receve into their colledge any scholers above the nomber of so many as from tyme to tyme they shall be able to manteyne, accordinge to the good will, purpose, true intente, and meaninge, of the said founder. Nevertheless I do decree, order, and judge, that all and every of the saide scholers and queresters which herafter shalbe chosen and placed in the saide eolledge shalbe chosen and placed accordinge to the saide statute appoynted for the furneshinge of the saide 50 scholers and 6 queresters ; (that is to saye,) that, for evry one of the seholers which hensforth shalbe chosen, and have places from Coventre, Bristowe, Redinge, or Tune- bridge, their shalbe, first, 6 scholers chosen and placed in the saide colledge of sucheas shalbe of the nombre appoyneted for the founder's kynsmen, or suche as shalbe lawfully named by Richard Warren, Esquier, or the Lady Cromwell, by force of the saide sta- tute to be chosen by the presidente and 10 senior ffellowes, or. their successors, yf any suche places be voyde, or els of the founders apprentizes childerne, or suche other as have speciall graunte of the founder, or other scholers to be named and chosen in the saide schole, apperteyninge to the saide fraternitie, by the assente and consente of the saide m"r, wardens, and assistants, of Merchant-taillors, together with the presidente or vice-presidente, and 2 senior fellowes afforesaide, for the tyme beinge, or elswhere, in manner and forme accordinge to the saide statute aforemencyoned, withoute frawde or covyn in anywise notwithstandinge. And I do further decree, order, and judge, that aswell the saide rnr, wardens, and assistants, of the saide companye of Mer- chanttaillors, as also the saide presidente and scholers, together with the saide presi- dente or vice-presidente, and 2 senior ffellowes, and every of them and their success sors shall endevor, asmuche as in them is and hensforthe shalbe, to observe, execute, and accomplishe, all and all manner of .circumstants to be observed, executed, and accomplished, .to, for, and abowte, the nomination, evocation, and election, of 50 scholers and 6 q ueres tors aforesaid e, and evry of them accordinge to the purport, H 50 THE HISTORY OF school " three yeares at the leaste before the saide election." And that this provision, so necessary for the protection of the regularly- tehnor, aad effecte, of the afore-mencyoned statute ; provided always, that the saide presidente and the more parte of the 10 senior ffellowes of the saide colledge, and their successors, shall and maye be at their liberty for the better farneshinge of their chappell with apte and learned childerne in musick ; to chuse the saide nomber of 6 queresters from tyme to tyme from any place in this realme whatsoever, so as they nor any of them do not fraudentjy practize to hinder, barre, or lett, the election of the saide schollers by translatinge of the saide querestors into scholers rowmes, (that is to saye) that they, the saide presidente and ffellowes, or their successors, do not translate any querestor or querestors into scholers rowmes, for any other cawse then for change of his or their voyce or voyces ; and that evry suche querestor or que- restors be also then able to learne lodgick, and have, before suche translation, served 3 yeares at the leaste a querestor in the saide colledge, and not otherwise. And, whereas, the saide m"r and wardens tenderinge the presents state of the saide colledge have willingly graunted to geve for the alleviacon of their paynes and charges which shall at their requeste come upp from the saide colledge to London or elswhere, for the •election of any scholers oute of their saide schole or elswhere, accordinge to the saide statute, the some of ,£'iiii, of lawful! money of Englande, from tyme to tyme, untill the livelihoode of the saide colledge shal'be able to manteyne the nomber of 50 students accordinge to the good intents and meaninge of the founder thereof, I, the saide Sir William Cordell, do order and decree, that the sa e«£iiii shalbe no longer paid then the saide presidente and scholers and their successors shall duly, fully, and. accordingly, observe, execute, and accomplishe, this my awarde, in all thinges accordinge to the true intettt'e and meaninge of the same, The saide graunte of the saide nfr and War- dens in any wise notwithstanding. And to thende that by this my travell, I maye not ©rily make thendfe and extinguishe the presente controversies and variance in the pre- misses, but also in all tyme of our posteritie to avoyde the lyke or any other contro- versie or variance in or abowte the same betwene the saide parties* Therfore I have not only caused this my present decree, order, amd judgments, to be made indented, But also I do decree, order, and judge* for a testimony of their assente berunto, and their promyse to accomplishe the same, that aswell the saide m~r and wardens to one parte thereof subscribed with my name and sealed with my seale, shall sett their com- mon seale, that yt maye remayne with the saide presidente and scholers, and their successors for «Ver. As also the saide presidente andi scholers to the other parte thereof subscribed likewise with iny name and sealed with my seall, shall sett their common seale, that jt maye lykewise remayne with the saide mr and wardens, and their successors for ever, Goven the daye and yeare ffijiste -above written." MERCHA5TT*TAYL0118' SCHOOL, 51. educated scholars, might never be forgotten^ the act that enjoined, it was appointed to be read in open court every jear on the quar- ter-day in Lent.* The award not being ratified so speedily as the company's affec- tion for their school prompted them to wish, they sent a letter to the president and fellows, about the latter end of May, reminding them of the promise they had made the preceding" June, and re- quiring to be informed'by the bearer of it, whether they intended coming to London for an election, at .tjie, approaching season.-)- To * A simitar order, to prevent Scholars of long standing from being defrauded' of their interest in Sir Thomas White's fellowships, by the introduction of boys from other sehools in expectation of the election, was made 15 June, 1625. In addition to which a further security against sinister practices was provided by the order of court, 20 Dec. 1750, which requires "that no scholar be acfrmtted higher than the fourth form who proposes to be a candidate at the election to St. John's College, Oxon." Arid on this basis rests the impartiality which has so long characterized'the elections of scholars from Merchant-Taylors'. Esto perpetua ! •f " The copie of a r*e sente to thepresidenteand ffellowes of St. Baptist* Colledge, in Oxforde, from this wui'shipfulr cornpanye : — " After our hartie commendacions, with desire of your welfare, &c. whereas, wee lacked your presence and assistance on St. Barnabas daye raste paste, rn the chapeli of our schole, situate in St. Lawrens Pountneysparisshe,,in London, to have made an election then and their of scholers as wee and your statuts (to thobservacion whereof you be swortie) did requyre : and, whereas, syns you of yourselves have made an elec- tion (as wee understande) of querestors and others, which (accordinge to the good wilt of your founder, expressed in his statuts as wee take yt,) oughte not to have ben placed before our scholers ; wee, pereey ving that your delinge afforesaide tended to the hinderance of the prefarrment of our poore scholers (for whose proffitt wee do, as our worthy brother, your founder, chiefly did, bestow our money and traveill), toke iuste occasion to coriiplayne, and to seake meane of redresse by the Authoritie of the righte wurshipfull Sir Wil'l'm Cord'all, knighte, inr of the rolls, our common goocr* ffrende, and youre visitor, to whose order bothe you and wee promysed to stonde unto, whereby yt hathe pleased' him not only dyvers tymes by his owne person* to have harde our controversies, but also he procured M~r Doctor Lewes, judge of the admi- rattie, to here judicially our counsel! together, and to make relacon to him as shoutde' be expedyente for his better instruction and dirrection, for the better fynisshinge of suche an order and awarde betwene us as mighte in all tymes preserve our rightes and , H 2 52 THE HISTORY OF this the messenger brought a reply, probably penned by the pre- sident,* under the hands of Matthew, H. Russell, Reade, Case, contynewe our ffrendshippes, by whose traveill with good advise a form of an awarde was drawen to the effecte afforesaide (the copye whereof this bringer can shewe you) which hadd ben, as we thinck, ratified by his Authoritie yf you hadd ben as willinge and ready to have procured yt as wee, which you have not ben, for what cause wee knowe not, but in patiens attend. In the meane seasone the tender affection which wee have to our pooer scholers, dothe make us partely to dowte leaste your delaye be because you wolde have no election with us this yeare, and suerly wee shulde feare the same yf your faythefull promyse, made to us by your Tre dated theviii daye of June laste paste, did not make us warrantize (as yt weare) to have this yeare an election, of which, your promyse afforesaide, wee make mencyon, not only to put you in re- membrance thereof, but also hartely to requyre you that you will nowe effectually and accordingly to your statuts and promyse, employe yourselves and endevor for your parts, as wee will for ours, to have an election owte of our saide schole on St. Barna- bas-Daye nexte comynge, withoute ffurther delaye : whereunto wee requyre your ans- were by this bringer, whome to that ende we have sente to you herwith. And thus wee comytt you to the blessed Trenytie. Ffrom our common hall, the xviiith daye of Maye, anno DmTi. 1574. " Your lovinge ffrends, the nfr, wardens, and assistants, of the worshipfull companye of Merchanttaillors." * " The answere of the saide presidente : — "Right wurshipfull, wheras, by your Tres delivered unto us by this bearer,, you seame to charge us with bretehe of dutie unto our statuts, partely in makynge no elec- tion of scholers owte of your schole, in St. Lawrens Pountneys, on St. Barnabas-Daye laste, partely in chosing others from other places whom you thincke oughte not to have ben preffarred : wee trusted that you had ben sufficiently satisfied by our answere then by Fres, and syns by conference together aswell before the right* worshipfull Sir William Cordell, knighte, nfr of the rolls, our good visitor, as also before Mr. Doctor Lewes, judge of thadmyraltie, our wurshipfull ffrende as then, so nowe wee meane to stonde unto the order and determynacion of our visitor, and are willinge and accord- inge unto the purporte of our statuts and our promyse, made before him,, wilbe ready to make election oute of your schole at St. Barnabas-Daye nexte, as this berare can reporte, who harde us talke together :. you shall fynde no slacknes in us to put our founder's mynde faithfully in execution, to the uttermoste of ourhabilitie, whatsoever some frowardly conceave of us and our doings, your wisdome* can judge whether that a colledge can be suddenly perfected beinge lefte rawe in infanci.e, and yet not endued with so muche lande as our good founder hathe godly provided to be purchased, for the susteigninge of the appoynted nomber in tyme to come; theis deare Lymes en- MEBCHANT-TAYLdRS* SCHOOL. 53 Shingleton, Kiblewhite,* R. Hutchenson,f and Pikes.;]: And the event showed that, however gladly the college would have been excused from as yet filling up the vacant fellowships, they were anxious to be thought sincere in the assurances they gave of being resolved to abide by the decision of their visitor. § crease our chardge, assurances of our landes purchased, iorneys and sutes add extra- ordinarilie ; yet unto our bourden untill that all thinges be fynished, as wee dowte not you wisely do consider, what nomber wee shalbe able to make choise of, assure your- selves at the tyme appoyneted, withoute frawde or dilatorie deling, wee willingly re- ceive owte of your schole, as dutie and othe unto the observacon of our founder's statuts in consiens bynde us. The booke of covenance betwixt that your wurshipfull companie and us, wee will advisedly consider of, and also returne yt witrt resolution therein unto. the m~r of the rolls, our visitor, by some of our companye^ whome wee meane shortely to send upp to London, abowte some other, our busynes. In the rneane seasone we hartely praye you to conceve our doings rightely in that sence that wee meane them to procede of dutye and consiens beinge pryvye unto the state of our howse and not of any perverse mynde or purpose to hinder so good' a devise of so- good a man, our godly founder, and your worthy brother; Wee knowe you bothe worshipful^ wise, and discreate, and therfore wee truste that wee shall with reasone sattisfie your desires fully, whoirie god willinge wee will no waye iustely offende. God 7 blesse and preserve longe in wurshipp that your wurshipfull companye. I?rom St. John's Colledgej in Oxforde^. this xxviiith.of Maye, anno Itom'. 1574. " Your assured ffcends, Tobias Matthew, Henry Russell, John Reade, Jolnr Case, Roberte Shingleton,. Roger Keblewhite, Raphe Hutchenson,. John Pikes." * Roger Kihlewhite, founder's kin, was admitted M.A. in 1578, and afterwards be- came a physician. He gave the college <£lO. — See MS. account. f Ralph Hutchenson, appointed fellow by the lady Joan White, widow of the founder, was admitted M.A. 1578. He afterwards took orders and the degree of B.D* was presented to the vicarage of Crapthorne, in the county of Worcester , and CharU ' bur y, in the county of Oxford , and was elected president, 9 June, 1590: He> died 1 7 j Jan. 1 605, and was buried in the college chapel, where his wife erected a monument to his memory. — See MS. account. The epitaph, may be seeii in Gutch's .Colleges and Halls, p. 560. + John Pikes, from Bristol, was admitted M.A. 1578,. — See MS. account. % That irregularities still continued is evident from the case of John Glover^ who was chosen by the president this very year from Christ-Church ; and though his election, was afterwards declared null and void, he continued to enjoy his fellowship. " Johannes*. £4 THE HISTORY OF On the 9th of June, 1574, the school was examined by the Dean of Westminster; Villers, a learned Frenchman, reader of the divinity lecture in Latin at St. Dm&stan's in th© West ;* Law- rence, prafes&oy of Greek in the university of Oxford ;-f Young, Glover, in locum medici ex JEde Christi ascitus a. presidente (quum assu.mi aliunde nullus patejit, nisi in publicum prsekctoris officium, ut patet in statufcis.) Electio ejus iliita et nulla pronuneiabatur per visitatores (Visitatoris Domini Guil. Cordell com- miasarioa) ; suvb tamen perman&isss socium constats, seel qua dispensatione nou constat. Procurator fuit, Anno 1577. Vid. Reformationes et Deereta hprum Commissario- rum in CblL Archiv. Hi. 2S. V -^M5. account. * A Flench doctor in the civil law, and profess©* of divinity. " He wrote his name Lo- zillerius VilLerius ia bis correction arnd setting forth of Beza*s New Test, in Greek and Latin, 1573." — In 1576 he sued to be admitted D.D. at Oxford ; on which occasion Anthony Wood mentions him incidentally in his annals. Speaking of one Corpano, a Spanish preacher, who had 1 procured letters from the chancellor to the convocation, " to the end that he might proceed ©"r of Divinity at the next act, have the charges of his degree remitted, and that he be dispensed with for taking the degrees in order," hut who, had met with much opposition to his wishes, he says, — " At length hearing that a certain Frenchman, named Petrus Lozellerius Villerius, an exile for his religion, was. about to sue for his grace of Bfrin Divinity of this university; who but he (Cor- raao)i forsooth* used all endeavours to hinder him, as first by complaining to the chancellor by word of mouth, then to the convocation by letters, that he was guilty^ of heresy, and I know not what ; but the academians having another opinion of him, entertained him according to his. mind, as I shall hereafter tell you." In 1579, he settled in the university, with one Giles Gualter, M~r of Arts, of Caen ; Albericus Gen tills, a Civilian; John Driescius, Schevelerus, and others, who had fled their countries for religion sake, and hod relief from' several colleges in the university. Having cleared himself of the charges brought against him by Corrano, with great credit to himself and no less shame to his adversary, he obtained his grace. — -See Wood's Annals, v.iL p. 179, 184, 196, and 198. ■j* " Giles Lawrence, a Gloucestershire man born, was admitted scholar of C.C. Coll. with his individual! friend John Jewell, an. 1539, and in 1542 was elected prob. fellow of that of All Soules. He was Greek professor from 1548 to 1553, and from 1559 to 1584. On the 18th September, 1564, he became archdeacon of Wilts, on the depri- vation of one John Lawrence, (whether his father or uncle I know not,) being then in great esteem for his learning. In 1579, he became doctor of law. A certain author, of no mean fame, tells us that this Dr. Lawrence was the light and ornament of this university, that he was brought up and nourished in the bosom of Pallas, and that merchant-Taylors' school. 55 t Withers, and others. Sir William Cordall joined the company at dinner ; after which the examination was renewed, arid continued " untill sixe of the clocke at nighte."* This was preparatory to -the election on the 11th, when the master, wardens, and assistants, " accompanyed with the said Mr. Lawrens, and one Mr. Draunte, parson of St. Gyles, for their advice, and also Mr. Glover, as vide-president of St. John Baptiste Colledge, in Oxford,^ Master Reade, and Mr. Garrett,J senior ffellowes of the saide colledge/' met at the school and chose George Gardiner and Matthew Gwin scholars of St. John's. The vice-president and fellows likewise promised to use their best endeavours, at their return to Oxford, to prevail on the president and the rest of their society, that two more of the best scholars, Edward Sprott and Thomas Denham, might be sent for ; but that the company should be informed of their determination by letter.^ And so much were the company pleased by this prospect of acquiescence in their wishes on the part of the college, that, at a court next day, they agreed to give them yearly j£6 instead of 4, " for the alleviation of their charges,, in comynge and goirage to and from Qxforde, and tarrienge here for tfoe ekrcftknt/'ff ' No imntetJrate answer being sent frOm St. John's, the company into him, as also into BarthelmeHfr "Dotfihgton., the ornament of Cambridge, hature •and «ta wearied 'industry had mftfsed and placed all the Greek treasures and riches ima- ginable. I have been informed that he hath written and published several books; but such I have not yet in all myuearciies seen ; nor do I know any thing else of him, only that in the time of Queen Mary he Wks tutor to the Children of Sir Arthur Darcey living near the Tower of Lotidon ; and that he was in being in 1 584."—; Wood's Athena, v.i. p. 117, and Annals, v.ii. p. 855. * See minutes of court, Q Jurre, 1574. f See Note §, p. .53. % " Paulo ante ex Mfe Christi, M"r Aftium, 1573, in Publico" Pi-selectorem Rhe- toric* favore Pnssreteatft elec%t«, et Virtute illiuselectionis societatem obfinuit." — MS, § See minutes of court, 1 1 June, 1574. || See minutes of court, 12 June, 1574. "56 THE HISTORY OF*. ; / thought it advisable, on the 23d of the same month, to send all four candidates to Oxford, with a very polite letter to the presi- dent and fellows. The boys took leave of their patrons in a handsome and affecting manner; and the company liberally con- tributed towards the expenses of their journey to the university.* Prudential reasons weighed with the college to admit no more than Gardiner, Gwin, and Sprott : but Denham was allowed to remain with his companions till the pleasure of the company could be known. An early opportunity offered itself of collecting the sentiments of the court on this new point : and, on the 3d of July, it was ordered that he might remain at St. John's a whole year without losing his place in the school. -f Meanwhile, Mulcaster, whose conduct had in some respect ap- peared to the company highly exceptionable, yielding to the na- * " The copie of a l~re sent to the presidente and ffellowes of St. John Baptiste Colledge, in Oxforde, from this wurshipfull companye : — " Right wurshipfull, after our hartie commendacions, with desire of your welfare, &c. whereas, the xith day of June laste paste, wee, with your vice-presidente and two senior ffellowes of your colledge, did electe George Gardyner and Matthew Gwynne to be placed in scholers rowmes in your saide colledge ; And also agreed that Edmonde Sprate and Thomas Denham shoulde be lykewise admytted yf your colledge mighte re- ceve so many. Wee, having reced no Tres or knowledge from you to the contrary, have comended them all iiii unto you, prayeinge you that they maye be all placed scho- lers in your colledge accordingly, wherin you shall do a good and charitable deade, and to us a greite pleasure, which wee will not forgett yf wee maye lykewise pleasure you, by God's grace ; To whose mercifull tuycion wee comende you all. Ffrom our common-hall, the xxiii of June, anno Dnfi. 1574. " Your lovinge ffrends, the rnr, wardens, and assistants, of the wurshipfull company of Merchanttaillors, in London. " The said iiii .scholers toke their ffarwell courteously at this courte, renderinge be- fore the whole assistants their humble thanks unto God and their wurshippes for. their goodness. And the saide m~r, wardens, and assistants, delivered to them this Tre affore- said, and gave them owte of their common box towards their charges in goynge to Oxforde, the some of twenty shillings, to be equally devided amongst them." — See minutes of court, 23 Jun. 1574. f See minutes of court, 3 Jul. 1574. merchant-taylors' school. 57 tural warmth of his temper, gave offence to the court, by not sub- mitting to their admonitions. He had been charged with contempt of the company's orders, and disrespect to the visitors of the school ; and when cited before the court on the 26th of Novem- ber, his behaviour was such as to widen still more the breach already between them.* However, on the 14th of December, he brought himself to acknowledge that he had spoken unadvisedly against Mr. Warden Spencer, and to promise greater deference to the company's orders for the future. And thus a difference, which the interest of both parties rendered impolitick to be brought to an open rupture, was, for the present, most fortunately com- posed.-}- On the return of election-day, Denham was delivered from the suspense in which he had been kept for twelve months. Nor was he the only one elected; together with him Ralph Ravens, Thomas Poticarye, John Perin, and David Harris, were chosen scholars ©f St. John's4 * " Mr. Ricbarde Moncaster, convented at this courte to be admonished of suche bis contempt of the good orders made for the goverment of the gram", schole, founded by this wurshipfull companye in St. Lawrense Pountney's parisshe, where he is nowe scholem~r; And also of suche his injurious and quarelinge speache as he used to the visitors of the saide schole, at the laste callinge thereof, refuced to here his ffornier doyngs in .that behalf recyted, willinge the sayde m~r, wardens, and assistants, to pro- cede agaynst him angeryly or otherwise, as they listed, so as he mighte have a copie of their decree." — See minutes of court, 26 November, 1574. f " This daye Mr. Moncaster confessinge before this courte that those injurious words that he had spoken at the laste calling of the gram", schole, founded by this wurshipfull companye in St. Lawrence Pountney's parisshe, namely, agaynste Mr. War- den Spencer, were spoken by him meerly of collor, and promysed hensforthe that he wolde have due regarde to observe suche orders as this wurshipfull companye shulde appoynte for the good governemente of their schole afforesai.de." — See minutes of court, 14 December, 1574. % This does not appear from' the records of the company, wjiich (so far as "the school is concerned) are silent as to the transactions of 1575, but from, the MS. account in the president's library. . ; ; I . 58 THE HISTORY OF Next year it was thought expedient by the company, for the sake of preventing the recurrence of difficulties which had at- tended former elections, to request that the president and fellows would, for the future, choose their examiners at least six weeks before the day of election, and communicate their names as soon after as possible. They came to a resolution to this effect, on the 19th of March ; and on the 30th of the same month they wrote to Oxford on the subject.* Soon after, however, the plague broke out in London, and the school-house was so infected with it, that, on the 25th of May, it appeared necessary to order that the ensuing election should take place at the hall instead of the chapel. And, least any exception should be taken at this circumstance, a deputation was sent to Sir William Cordall, to acquaint him with the arrangement. It was likewise voted, as a gratification to the college, that, whenever the mastership of the school should be vacant, a preference should be given to any actual member of that house, possessed of the prescribed qualifications.-f- This was in direct opposition to one * " To the wurshipfull M~r Tobye Matthewe, presidente of St. John Baptiste Col- ledge, in Oxforde, and to the senior ffellowes there, geve this : — " After our hartie comendacons,, with desier of your good helthes, Theis are to requier you to have in your good remembrance St. Barnabas-Daye yearly appoynted by your good founder, and our beneficiall brother, Sir Thomas White, of worthie memorye, for thellection of schollers in the chappell of our gram~. schole, in St. Lau- rens Pountneys parisshe, in London ; and that then and there the sayde ellection maye be made as amplie as you convenyentJy maye. And for thavoydinge of difficulties iii the sayde ellecion, To appoynt certenly your apposytors at the leaste vi weekes before the foresayde daye, whose names wee desyer to be enformed of some convenyent tyme before their comynge. And at their comynge they shalbe moste hartilie well- come unto us ; wisshinge and also desyringe that yt moughte please m~r presidente him- self to be one. And thus wee comytt you to the tuycion of the Almightie, who pros- per your studies to his glorie. Ffrom London, the xxxth of Marche, 1576. " Your lovinge ffirends, the m~r and wardens of the Merchant-taillors in London, upder-wrytten, &c."— See minutes of court, J 9 March, and 2 April, 1576. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 59 ©f the statutes of the school, which gave a similar preference to whoever should be the chief under-master at the time.;]: But po- licy prevailed; and, when the day of election arrived, all parties met in harmony, and separated with expressions of mutual satis- faction. The president, whose personal attendance seems to have been pointedly solicited in the letter of March last, came to town, accompanied by Glover and Reade. The examiners on the part bf the company were, Bowsfield, who has been repeatedly men- tioned on like occasions ; Sympson,§ and Grant, head master of • *r " Item, it is also agreid and decreed by the saide nfr, wardens, and assistants, That, fforasmoche as yt hathe pleased God at this presente to vysyt the howse of their schole at St. Laurens Pountneys with the plage, That therefore thellection of their scholers which are to be sente to St. John's Colledge, in Oxforde, shalbe made at their common hall the xith daye of June nexte comynge, beinge St. Barnabas-Daye, and Mondaye in the Whitesone weeke, where also shalbe provided and made a 'dynner, at ihe costs and charges of this howse, for suche persones as shalbe then presente and take paynes therein. *' Item, yt is also appoynted, that Mr. Will~m Albonye, a lovinge brother of this mistery, with the -wardens of the saide mistery, shall repayre unto the rnr of the lilies to enform hym what order the companie hathe taken for thelleccion of their scholers this presente yeare. " Item, y t is ordered, agreid, and decreed, by the sayde nfr, wardens, and assis- tants, That at whattyme and when so ever their schole at St. Laurens Pountneys shalbe voyde of scholenfr for the teachinge, instructinge, and bringinge upp, of the scholers therein ; And that there be founde in St. John's Colledge, in Oxforde, a mann or ffel- lowe of the saide housse, who in vertue, learninge, sobrietie, discretion, and other' good qualities, is mete to be a scholenfr to teache, bringe upp, and instruct,* the said scholers in vertue and good learninge, Suche a one as the sayde Hfr, wardens, and assistants, and their successors, nfr, wardens, and assistants, from tyme to tyme shall judge able, and thinck mete to be scholenfr to teache, instruct, and bringe upp, the sayd scholers ; hee shalbe adrnytted nfr of the saide schole, to remayne and contynewe nppon his good behavior, At the willes and pleasures of the said ni"r, wardens, and assistants, and their successors, nfr, Wardens, and assistants, accord inge' to theif statutes, heretofore made and provided for the same." See minutes of court, 25 May, 1576. J See statute IX. page 13: — The company afterwards retracted this concession. | Probably George Sympson, originally scholar of Queen's, and afterwards one of 12 60 THE HISTORY OF Westminster-school.*' The election took place in one of the uppes rooms at the hall, and, by virtue of it, Anthony Gittins, Edward Belfteld, and Richard Hutchenson, were added to the number of scholars of St. John's.-h the first fellows of Trinity College, Oxford. — Gvtch's Colleges and Halls, p. 518.-^- But I have no proof beyond what is afforded by the coincidence of Christian as well as sur-name, unless his being a native of Cumberland, and the diocese of Carlisle, may afford a conjecture that he was introduced by Mulcaster. * " Edvv. Grant, admitted to the 12th stall in the chureh of Westminster, in 1577 ; he was a most noted Latinist and Grecian; he became master of Westminster-school' about 1572, which he resigned about Feb. 1592", and was succeeded therein by Mr. Will. Camden, He died in Sept. or Oct. 1601, and was buried in St. Peters Church, West- minster." — "Rector of East Barnet from 3 Nov. 1591, till his death; and rector of ' Toppesfield, Middlesex, from 22 April, 1598, 'till hiis death. He had been vicar of ^South Bemflete, Essex, for about a twelvemonth, in 1-584-5." — Newcourt'sRepertorium t v. i. p. 806, 928, v. ii. p. 48, 609. See also Wood's Athena, v. i. p.SlO. -[ " The xith daye of June, anno Doit 1576,. the sc holers of the gram, schole ap- perteigninge to the wurshipfull cornpanie of the Merchanttaillors of the ffraternitie of St. John Baptiste, in the cittie of London, scituate in the parisshe of St. Laurence JPoultney-Sj was examined by Mr. Tobye Matthewe, presidente of St. John's Colledge, in Oxforde ; John Glover and John Reade, senior ffellowes of the saide colledge ; Bai> thilmewe Busfelde, George Symsone, and Edwarde Graunte, scholeafr of the gram~r schole at Westufr, learned men, in the presence of the m~r, wardens, and assistants, of the foresaide cornpanie of the Merchanttaillors, and theise three scholers were elected after this manner followinge : — ■ " The. xith daye of June aforesaide, viz. on St. Barnabas-Daye, theis three scholers^ bereundernamed, weie examined openlie before us whose names are hereunder men- cyoned, at the common hall of the cornpanie aforesaide, and above in their newe parlor, by reason that yt pleased God to vissitt the house of their aforesaide gram"r schole with the plage ; which saide scholers were examined in theLattyn,Greeke, and Hebrue, gram- mars, arid fouud^in the Lattingctounge especially, and aJso competentlie in the Greek and Hebrue tounges, for scholers of agram~r scbo]e r very apte and able for the studdie of lodgujk, andmeete tobeprefferred to the uoyversytie. The names of which three SSHoJer^are theis f viz. Attthaay Gyttons, Edwarde Belfeilde,and Richarde Hutchensone.. To bye Matthewe, Presidents John Glover, Socius. John Reade, Sac. JSjtwabb Gkavntk, merchant-Taylors' school. 61 Whether the residence of Denham at the university fdr One whole year before he was admitted a scholar of the college had been attended with any cost to the company, or whether the ob- vious inconvenience resulting from a well-meant preference of the poorest candidate had already begun to show itself, cannot noW; be determined. But some consideration of this kind induced the court on St. JBarnabas's Day, 1577, to resolve " there shalbe no ellecion made to chardge this house for the fyndinge of any of them (the scholars) there; but, yf anye ellecion be made, the same shalbe made flreely, accordinge to the mynde of the fToun T der." In pursuance of which resolution, after the boys had been examined by Deans Nowell and Goodman, Doctors Young and Lewes, and the president, vice-president, and senior fellow, of the college, they chose Edmund Allen, John Faucet, and Henry Bearblock, in a manner hitherto unprecedented; the first was chosen absolutely, and the other two. conditionally ; but even the first was to be supported by his friends for one year, and caution was to be taken that the other two might not be burdensome to the society.* "And wee, Edward Joans, nfr of the Merchanttaillors of the" ffraternitie of St. John Baptiste, in the cittie of London; Roberte Dowe, Richard Maye, and John Mansbridge, wardens of the sayde ffraternitie, with the consente of the assistants of. the saide companye, beinge gatherid together at their common hall, and above in their newe parlor, the xith daye of June, beinge St. Barnabas-Daye, 1576, have nomynated, chosen, and ellected, owte of the scholers of the granfr schole of the sayde ffrater- nitie, scituate in the parisshe of St. Laurence Poulneys, Anthony Gyttens, Edward Belfelde, and Richarde Hutchensone, to be of the nomber of the scholers of the said colledge of St. John Baptiste, in the saide unyversitie of Oxforde. In Witnes whereof' wee have hereunto subscribed our names, the daye, moneth, and yeare, aforesaide. Roberte Dowe, ~\ . Eb^ar^e Joans, M~r. Richard Maye, V Wardens." Jo. X Mansbridge, \ * " The manner of which ellecclon was as fulloweth. — Edmund Ally n is absolutely chosen in the ffurste place, at the charge of his ffrends for one y eace; John FfawceU 62 THE HISTORY OP In little more than a month the agreeable intelligence came from Oxford, that the three scholars lately chosen in London had been admitted scholars of the house. To which it had, perhaps, not a little conduced, that the company had remitted by the pre- sident, on his leaving town in June, a loan of ,£100, to be repaid by instalments of £15 per annum for four years :* an obligation which the college need not have incurred, if they had not impro- vidently suffered o£l000 of the founder's money to have been ly- ing dead in the company's treasury.-^ The letter on this occa- sion+ was signed by Willis, the new president,! and EL Russell, in the secunde, and Henry Beirblock in the third, uppon condicion yf the nfr of the. Tolls shall lyke therof, and suffycient causion be putt in that they two be not charge- able unto the colledge, untill suche tyme as the sayde colledge be hable to beir their charge. It is ffurther agreid, that, notwithstanding there shalbe evry yeare an ejec- tion of one scholer at the leaste untill the full nomber according to the founder's sta- tute." — See minutes of court, 11 June, 1577. * See register of St. John's Colledge, No. 3, fol. 161. , 1* Several letters passed about this time between the comany and college on this subject,; which show how inexperienced the former president and fellows had been in matters of business. J " A Tre from the presidente and scholers of Oxforde :— " To the rigbte-wurshipfull our verie good patrons and friends, the m"r and wardens of the companie of the Merchanttaillors in London, this Tie be delyvered. " Wee have so sufficiently tastid of your worshipps grete and good affection towards' us, in the lone of the hundreth poundes our presidente lately broughte us from your worshipps companie : that wee cannot doubte, but assuer ourselves hereafter of your liberalities towards the furnyture and restauracion of our decayd colledge, howe thankfully wee doe accepte of your greite benefitt conferred upon us: our readie con- formitie to your reasonable mocyons shall at all tymes well declare what benefitt our hpuse hathe receyved, and what reputation your selves have hereby received, wee rather yt came to your understandinge by others then this, only wee have to certiffie your worshipps at this tyme s that by the help of your money our colledge is discharged of many olde debts, delyverid of many shamefull reproches, dy verse poore men sa- tisffied, your childerne, our scholers, and our diett farrbetterid by the helpe of redy money to by our victualls, our colledge in grete forwardnes to the good estate y t hathe byn in, evry man by your example inCoraged to help forward toward the repayringe ef our ruynatid house ; which, once restorid, wee truste, by God's -helpe,, from, ship- MEKCHANT-TAYLOKS* SCHOOL. 63 Glover, Shingleton, R. Russell, Thorles, Kiblewhite, Hutchen- son, Stevens, Rickesmonde,* and Lee, fellows of the college. At the election, in 1578, a circumstance happened which occa* sioned a reference to the visitor. Reade the vice-president, Glo- ver the bursar, and Kiblewhite, another of the fellows, had been appointed to represent the college at the election ; but Glover- being taken ill could not be present. And on this a question arose whether Timothy Wijlis and Robert Charnocke, alias Low, who. wrack hereafter ; lett your joye and comforte be the greater, your liberalise the more as the good ffather did at the returne of his unthriftie sonne, because wee were lost and are founde, wee were gone and are come agayne, wee were done and are rysen, God be thancked for the one, and your worshipps for the other. Your scholers lately chosen are of all parties willingly admytted scholers of our house, of whom wee muste and will take the more care because they come from you, and wee hope well of them. And for that wee fynd you suche wurshipfull patrons to our colledge, and redy fryndes to us. And so trustinge, and moste hartely prayeinge that you maye contynewe your good lykeinge of us, and wee our well deservinge of you all, wee wisshe you longe to continewe in good helth and grete woorshipp. Ffrom St.John's Colledge* the xiiith of July, 1577- Your woorshipps bounden> Ffranncis Willis. Hej*ry Russell. John Glover. Robert Shingelton. Roulande Russell. Arthur Thorles. § " Francis Willys, an under-graduate scholar in 1557, M.A. 1565, after vicar of Embley, in Northamptonshire, rector of Kingston, vicar oLGQJgBQggi. in Berk shire^ and canon of Bristol, afterward B.C. was elected president, 15 May, 1577, and re- signed 2 June, 1590, being about that time dean of Worcester. He died at or near Worcester, and was buried in a little aisle joining on the south side of the choir of the cathedral of that place. He died, 15.96."— Glitch's Colleges and Halls, p. 538 and 544. - * By a mistake of the clerk who copied the letter into the court-book, it is written, ** Redman." There was no fellow of that name ; but Rickesmonde, the first boy elected from Merchant-Taylors (though other Merchant-Taylors doubtless had been made fellows. by the. founder in his life time) often wrote his name " Rixman," from which* the mistake might-easily be made, < w Roger Kebelwhite. Raufe Hutchenson Thomas Stevens. John Redman. William Lee." 64 . THE HISTORY OF had been elected by the master and wardens of the company and two fellows of the college, were duly elected. Sir William Cor- c! all held the election, to be good, from the necessity of the case ; andamemorandum to that eflfectwas entered in the college register,* witnessed by Willis, Reade, H. Russell, R. Russell, Kiblewhite, Hutchenson, Rickesmonde, Lee, Nash,*f- Aubrey,;]: and Gardiner. * "Jun.24, 1578. — Concerning the election of two sehollers, Willis and Char- nocke.-^-Memorandum, that, whereas an election of two scholars, namelv Willis and 'Charnock, alias Low, was had and made upon St. Barnabyes day last past, 1578, anno vicessimo regni reginae nostra Elizabethan, in the Marchant-Taylers' schoole of Lon- don, by the mTrand wardens of the sayd companie of Marchant-Taylors, and only by two felowes of our colledge, viz. by Mr. Reade, vice-president, and Mr. KebJe White m~r of arts, the statutes of our colledge requiringe the sayd election to be made ether by the president and two fellows, or by the vice-president and two moe: so it hap- pened that Mr. Glover, bursar of our colledge, being chosen as the thirde elector for the sayd election fell grievously sick at the tyme of the said election, and thereby was stayed and could not be present as by order he should have benae, in respect wherof it pleased the right worshipfull Sir William Cordell, knight, irfr of the rolls, our good patron and visitour, with the consent of our president (who left his voyce with the other two electors) to approove, ratifye, a»d allowe the sayd election, made in manner and forme above sayde, to bee good and lawful! in this case of necessitie and having power and aucthoritie by our statute to expounde and determine any doubte or question which might arise Upon any-such election, he, our sayde visitour, bath de- clared and sett downe in his letters (dated the xiiith of 'June, and directed to the pre- sident and the felowes,) his mynde and opinion of the sayd election, requiring us therby to alowe and approove the same as lawfully and orderly done, as yf ether our president or the sayd Mr. Glover had benne ther present, which we, for our parts, do willingly yeald unto, aswell in respect of the duty wee beare unto our sayd visitour, as also for the present necessity which happened by Mr. Glover his sicknes, and could not •be prevented nor avoyded. In witnes wherof wee have unto this act subscribed our ■names, she xxiiiith of June, 1578. ■" Francis Willis, John Reade, Henry Russell, Rowland Russell, Roger Kiblewbyte, Raphe Huchenson, John Rixman, William Lee, Jerora Nashe, Author Awbrey, George Gardiner." f Jerome Nashe, who appears from the old register' to have been elected by virtue of a letter from the founder, was adumitted M.A. 1582. > % Arthur Aubrey was admitted M.A. 15S2, B.B. r D.D. 1596. He had two livings in Bejkjhire, of which Kingston was one, at which he died. MERCHANT-TAYLORS^ SCHOOL. 65 By this time all animosity had subsided between Muleaster and his patrons. His long and faithful services entitled him to their kind consideration. And, glowing as he did with a tender regard for the affectioriate partner of his fortunes, there did not seem any plan more likely to secure to the school a continued devotion of his talents than to induce him to forego all prospects of preferment, by assuring him of the protection of the company to his wife, in the event of his dying before her ;* a resolution to which effect was' carried on the 29th of April, 1579,f and delivered to him in writing on the 20th of the following month.* ■•:--» . * From her epitaph in the church of Stamford Riyers, in Essex, we learn that She lived thirty years after this, and then died before her husband. ■:. " HERE LYETH BVRIED THE BODY OF KATHERINE MVLCASTER WIFE TO RICHARD MVLCASTER BY ANCIENT PARENTAGE AND LINNIAL DIS CENT ANN ESQVlER BORNE, WHO BY THE MOST FAMOVS QVEENE ELIZABETHS PREROGATIVE GIFTE PARSON OF THIS CHVRCHE WTH WHO"E SHEE LYVED IN MARIAGE 50 YEARES AND DYED THE 6 DAYE OF AV- GVST 1609. A GRAVE WOMAN, A LOVENG WIFE, A CAREFVLL NVRSE, A GODLlE CREATVRE, A SAINCT IN HEAVEN IN THE VtaStfEpE, OF HIR GOD AND SAVIO* WHOM SHE EVER DAILIE AND DEIRLlE SERVED." The above inscription is on a loose copper-plate, supposed to have dropped down from the wall : the size of the plate about 6 inches broad and 2 feet long. f " Yt is by the saide m"r, wardens, and assistants, agreid and decreed, whereas Mr. Mouncaster, nbwe scholenfr of our grarnr schole., scituate in the parisshe of St, Laurence Pountney, in London, for and in consideracion of his longe and paynefull service taken to and with the schollers of our saide schole nowe almoste xx yeres synce, and for the pronytt that he hathe don unto thfe schollers of the same, That yf yt shall fortune the saide Mr. Moncaster to departe this presente lyfe in the service of the saide schole, as scholenfr of the saide schole, then wee will provide for his wife some mete y and convenyent house of ours to itihabite in duringe the tyme of her widdohpode, for. her owne dwellinge ; or, otherwise, for wante of suche a house wee will fryndly re- compence her as shalbe tlioughte mete and reasonable by us or our successors, for her . suffycient helpe and relief in that behalf.'* — See minutes of court, 29 April,/ 157.9. % " Yt is also agreid that the clarke shall make owte the coppie of J;he order sett , downe for Mr. Moncaster, and to deliver him. the same."-— Sec minutes of court; 20 May, 1579. K 6(> THE HISTORY OF Hitherto the election-dinner had been kept at the hall, but, as the expense attending it had gradually increased to a consider- able sum, it was ordered, soon after the election in 1579, that for the future it should be kept at the school.* And before the re- turn of St. Barnabas's day, in 1580, some economical regulations were prescribed as to the extent and cost of the entertainment.-f- On the 11 th of June, in the year last mentioned, the election fell upon Richard Latewarr and Peter Firmin ; after which a moderate repast, which had been prepared at the neighbouring residence of William Offley, a member of the company, was served up for the refreshment of the electors and examiners.^ Some of the / inconveniences, arising from bestowing an aca- demical education upon young men, whose friends were not in circumstances to aid them in their progress through it, have already been glanced at. Walter Ffysshe, to whom Queen Elizabeth had shortly before granted a yearly rent issuing out of premises in the * " To avoid sogrete a charge as the dynner comonlye made here in our hall uppon St. Barnabas-Daye for thelection of scholers is growen unto, The said m~r, wardens, and assistants, have agreid, ordered, and decreid, that the saide dynner shall no more be made and kepte here, but from hensforth at their schole in St. Laurence Pountney, accordinge to the wise discretions of the nfr and wardens for the tyme beinge." — See minutes of court, 23 June, 1579. •f " " It is by the saide m~r, wardens, and assistants, ordered, agreid, and decreid, That the ellection-dynner, for thexamyning of their schollers on St. Barnabas-Daye, shall from hensforthe be kepte at their schole in St. Laurence Pountneys, and but with $ixe messe of meite at the raoste ; The provision whereof is to be made by those that shalbe stuards, at their owne charges, withoute anie allowance of this house. And that Will'm Offley, a lovinge brother of this mistery, maye be entreated for the use of his kytchen for this tyme, and hereafter the kytchen at their schole to be made meite for the dressinge of the saide dynner.'— See minutes of court, 28 May, 1580. % Two dwelling-houses on Laurence Pountney Hill, at present numbered 1 and 2, continued in the Offley family till the year 1702, when William Offley, of Middleton Stoney, in the county of Oxon, clerk, son and heir of William Offley, of the same place, doctor of laws, sold them to Thomas Denning and Robert Burgess, for the consideration of ^1086, as appears by a deed enrolled in the King's Bench, Trin. Term, 1702. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 67 tiity,* anxious to relieve the sufferings of a number of ingenuous youth, struggling with poverty, gave an exhibition of ,£10 per annum, " to be equally divided between five poor scholars of the > college, that are most like to bend their studies to divinity." f And with this assistance he hoped they would be enabled " to pay theyr battels " with credit and comfort.^ The Merchant-Taylors' Company chearfivlly accepted a trust, in favour of the scholars of Sir Thomas White's foundation, and made an arrangement, by which the parties interested might receive their dividends, quar- terly, at Oxford. § ' "' In the year 1581, the school sustained an irreparable loss by the death of Sir William Cordall. This great man, who had been the particular friend of Sir Thomas White, anjl had been ap- pointed by him one of the visitors of St. John's, On account of the confidence which he reposed in his talents and integrity, had * " Formerly bestowed by Sir Will. Fitz- Williams, knt. for certain pious uses, on the church of Marham, in com. Northampt. before the alteration of religion, causing it to be paid by the mystery or fraternity of St. John Baptist, that is, the Society of the Merchant-Taylors in London." — Gutch's Colleges and Halls, p. .540. f See Register of St. John's Coll. Oxon, No. 1, fol. 187, on the back of which page, and on the following leaf, is a copy of the indenture, by which the said exhibi- tion is secured. When and how this exhibition was increased, will be noticed in its proper place. It can only be necessary to observe, that Dr. Andrew's Civil Law Scholars or Exhibitioners' are not eligible to partake of this benefaction, because they are neither scholars of the house nor students in divinity. ' ■''(,'' ^ " ' J These exhibitions, the disposal of which is vested in the Merchant-TayIbrs''Cdm : - pany, (of which Ffysshe was a member,) were long known by the name of " Ffysshe's Battellings." ■ #« ^ § " Yt is also agreid and decreid by the saide m"r, wardens, and assistants, that Mr. Willm. Habram, of London, vyntener, shalbe spoken unto by Mr. Anthony ' Rat*- -cliffe, a lovinge brother of this mystery, To take order that the scholJers in St. John's Colledge, in Oxforde, which are to receive the exhibicon of Mr. Walter Ffysshe, called by the name of his battellings, shalbe paide quaterly there, and their quittance there to be taken and sente upp hither, where the sayde M, Abraham shal be repayde agayne for the same." — See minutes of court, 7th March, 1581. t K 2 <*.' ' + & THE HISTORY OP always proved himself a firm and zealous friend to Merchant- Taylors' School. On many occasions, when dissentions had risen between the company and the college, he moderated between them with no little judgment and address, never losing sight of the permanent interests of the seminary, which his friend had dis- tinguished as the peculiar object of his care. And so sensible were the company of the obligations which he had conferred upon them, that they appointed a deputation, consisting of the whole court and ten of the livery, to attend his remains to Christ Church, where the corpse was to remain, till a vault in the church of Long Melford could be prepared to receive it.* In less than two years new difficulties arose, or rather were cre- ated, which . threatened to throw the company, the college, and the school, into confusion. Some members of the court, less dis- creet than their brethren, came to a resolution, on the 4th of June, 1583, that there should be no election on St. Barnabas's Day, for one scholar only, but that the election should be deferred for a twelvemonth. This order was rescinded at a court on the 7th of, the same month, and thus the growing spirit of dissatis- faction seemed to be checked. ^ But when the day .of- election came, they chose one scholar more than the state of the college was able to "beaf.J- A few months afterwards Willis, the president of St. John's, * " Ffyrste, it is ordered and agreed by the saide m'r, wardens, and assistants, that the jvbole Assistants, and tenne more, of suclie as are moste meite, of the said com- panie, shall meet at St. Brid's churche, on.Ffrydaye nexte, in the afternoons of the same daie, at one of the clock, and so goe from thence unto the m~r of the rolles house,, in Chancery-Lane, And to attend np'pon the boddy of Sir William Cordell, knighte, late m~r of the rolles, unto Christ's Churche, in London, in good and clenly apparrell, without their lyyery-hooda.'^Minutet of court, 1 8th June, 1581. It is re- markable that the Corpse of Mr. Sutton, the founder of Charterhouse, was deposited in a vault in Christ Church; till a tomb in the Charterhouse Chapel was prepared for jts reception. — See Smythe's Historical Account of Charterhouse, p. 196. f See minutes of court, 4th and 7th. June, 1583. J The M.S. account of Si. John's, with the use of which I have been favoured by merchant-Taylors' school. 69 came to town, and made two requests of the company, which awakened their jealousy to a considerable degree. The first was, that the court would agree, whenever the mastership of the school should become vacant, to prefer a St. John's man to a stranger ; to which they would by no means consent. On the contrary, pass- ing over in silence the promise they had made to that very effect, they referred Willis to the original statute, in favour of the chief usher.* The other request was, that, whenever the company gave away an exhibition for the university of Oxford, they would give it in St* John's rather than any other college. But this, likewise, savouring too strongly of a grasping disposition, met a similar fate. The court yielded no further than to permit this latter ap- plication to be registered " for memories sake/'-f- By some unaccountable preverseness, however, Willis, on his the president, and which has already been often quoted, contains a complete list of the fellows, from, the foundation of the college to the year 1771, hut unfortunately fails in distinguishing the scholars of Merchant-Taylors' School from those of Reading, Bristol, Coventry, and Tunbridge. The records of the company do not profess to re- gister the elections to college, except when something extraordinary has occurred. And the probation-book of the school, in which these matters have been generally, though not regularly, noted, did not commence till the year 1607. For which reasons,: I trust, I shall stand acquitted of negligence in not setting down the particulars of every election; i ,■■■.:'-■. * See Statute ix. p.' 13. •f '.-*' Item, this daye Ffrancis Willis, presidenfce of St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, as well in .the. name of himself as of the whole colledge, made a motion unto the said nfr, wardens, and assistants,, that at what tyme ther scholenfr of ther grammer-scboie in St. Lawrence BoulttMey*Sj shulde happen to fall voide, That then itwould please them soe to thinke uppon the schollers of that colledge, that yf ther maye be founde a man therin more meete than ane other to be scholeirfr of ther said schble, to make choice rather of such a one then of a straunger. To which his motion nothinge is graunted by thesaid nfr, wardens, and assistents, for thafther was an order made at the erec- tion of the said schole for the choice of the m~r, wherunto relacon be made. " The said Mr. Ffraueis Willies made a further motion to this howse, that when they shalbe disposed to graunte ane exhibiciOn in Oxon, that it woulde the rather please them, lykewyse to bestowe the same in> that colledge then in enie other. • » 70 THE HISTORY OF return home, reported to his society that he had succeeded even in both points. And they having occasion, early in the following year, to write to the company on some other business, embraced that opportunity of thanking them for favours which, in fact, had never been granted. Confining the preference, which they ima- gined had been given, to a scholar of the company's school, they actually entered on a detail of the comfort it would be to the London friends of a member of their college, to have him return and settle among them. Nor did they pass from this interesting topick till they had suggested that the master, thus chosen, might as well be supplied with ushers from their house. After which they expressed their gratitude for the preference which they under- stood had been given to St. John's, in respect of exhibitions to Oxford. But what renders this transaction almost inexplicable, is, that this letter was signed, not only by Hutchinson, Rickesmonde, Nash, Aubery, White, Sprote, Ravens, Poticary, Perrin, and Webb,* but by Willis himself, who must have known that he had been deceiving his companions.-f- " To which motion the said m"r, wardens, and assistents, have noe further assented then that they have willed, for memories sake, that it be sett downe in ther regester," — See minutes of court, 23d October, 1583. * Roger Webb, educated at Reading, was admitted M.A. 1583. He afterwards took the degree of B.C.L. and was appointed registrar to the bishop of Salisbury. On relinquishing that office he took orders, and was presented to the rectory o f Hop- to n, jn the county o f Suffolk, and the vicarage of Chqlsley^jn thejwujntyj^Berks. MS. account. f " To the right worshipfull our very good frends, Mr. Maye, and thassistants of the companie of Merchant Taylors', in London. " After our hartie comendacons, we are lett to understande, by Mr. President, that your desire to have delivered up your indenture and obligacon of one thowsand pounds remayninge in our hands, uppon the, payment of the two hundred pounds parcell of the said thowsand pounds, which is yet in custodie, or else uppon the sealinge of a newe bonde for the payment of the said CCli, which request of yours we are contented to yeld you willinglie ; as alsoe anie other things that you shall reasonably move us, unto prayinge you yf you may con veuientlie to make payment of the said CCli, at this MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 71 To this extraordinary communication, which was dated the 20th of January, 1584, the company replied on the 26th of February, tyme, for that we have occasion to use the same towards a purchase we have latelie made with Mr. Mason, for three hundred acres of wood neareOxon, and adioyninge unto our wood ther, for the provision of our colledge. But yf it shalbe enie waie hurtefull unto you, or may discontent anie of you to paie the said CCli, uppon the sud- daine, without sufficient warninge, accordinge to the covenants of the Indenture be- twene us, we will rather make some other meanes, by the help of our good frends, then he burthensome unto you, or seeme to breake ane covenante uppon our parte, for our care is to use all the meanes we maye to deserve well of your worshipfull companie, and to retayne the good favor we founde at your hands many waies, especiallie in that you have latelie, uppon Mr. President's motion, graunted and sett dovvne, that the elec- tion of your scholenfr, when and as often as the place shall become void, shalbe by you made of some sufficient and able man in St. John's Colledge, suche as hathe bene sometymes a scholler of your schole, and, perhappes, a sonne of yours, or, at least, a frends' sonne, or some on of that companies childe, which maye be noe lessecomfort- able to you then profitable to him ; And yf you so thinke good, he may chewse his ushers out of our colledge ; alsoe to thende your olde ordinance made in the favor of yourtisshers, may holde and take place, so as whether you make choyce of your usher, or of anie other, to be your scholemaster, he may alwayes be a St. John's Colledge man, and a scholler of the companie of Merchant-Taylors'. And, further, we understande you are agreed that suche exhibicons as you, of your good charitable devocon, doe nowe geve towards the maintenance of schollers, at studie, in the universities, which are straungers and unknowen unto you, shalbe hereafter bestowed uppon your owne schollers in St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, by your onlie nominacon and disposition from tyme to tyme, which will not onlie encorage us and our successors, the rather to make our choyse of your schollers, and of the poorer sorte of them, when as wee shal- be assured of some maintenance to releave ther neade from your wurshipfull com- panie, but also it will sett an Edge uppon the myndes of your schollers, ernestlie to followe ther studies, when they shall have wherewith to provide them bookes and other necessaries for the backe and the bellue, the wante whereof is nowe soe greate in the most parte of your schollers chosen from your schole, havinge ether noe frends, or suche poore frends, as cannot helpe them ; that some of them doe loose ther tyme for lacke of bookes, other perisshe for lack of apparrell, others hassard ther place qua- terlie in the colledge, for that they have not to pay for ther meate and drinke they spende in the howse over and above the founder's allowance ; and other some are, with extreme myserie and penurye, constrayned to leave the universitie, and' to caste of studie, and betake them selves to some other trade of lief, or to a worse cowrse,, not soe comendable to them selves nor soe profitable to the comon weale. All- which 72 THE HISTORY OF positively contradicting the report which had been made by president, but politely promising* that when occasion sho .serve, they would not be unmindful of their scholars at St. John' miseries may be well provided for by these your good and charitable meanes, as ' liberallie and charitably they are in place, well provided for of late by a worshi] brother of yours, Mr. Ffishe, as it is well knowen unto all you of the worshi] companie. And yf you shall contynue this your good devocon, we hope that harde lott shall not fall uppon anie of your schollers hereafter. And so hartelie thankfuliie accepting thes graunts as great helpes unto your schollers, and erne praying you to putt them in operacion aceordiaglie, as tyrrie and place shall b( fered, we recommend you, and everie of you, to the safe proteccon of the m almightie. St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, the xxth of Januarie, 1584. " Your loving frends. Edward Sprote, Raphe Ravens, ThO*! Pol-HECAKYE, John Perryn, Roceb Webbe." Ffrancis Willes, Raphe HotcheNson, John Rixman, Jerom Nashe, Arthure Awberye, Thomas White, * " To the worshipfull Mr. Ffranncis Willies, president of St. John's Colledge Oxon, and to the senior fellowes of the same. " After our hartie comendacons, we rec~d your Tie of the xxth of Januarie last ] wherbie we perceave that you have neade of the CCli, for the performance of a chase which you have made with Mr. Mason, for certen wood groundes neare you, your care in fulfilling the founder's mynde and will we greatlie comend, the better to further yt, we have graunted payment of the said CCli. And, as chynge the other parte of your l~re of the reporte made unto you by Mr. Presidi that we shoulde graunte unto him, in the behaulf of the colledge, that as often as scholemTr of Saint Lawrence Poultney shall fall voide, that then the election st be made of one of your saide colledge, beinge sometyme a scholler of the saide sci which we nether graunted, nor yet was yt soe sett downe, for we BheWed unto that the orders of our schole, at the firste erection, were to the contrarye to b our election to anie place certen, and soe it is sett downe in our bobke, a«< when anie suche occasion shall serve, not to be unmyndeful of our schollets' in said colledge. And, touchinge the bestowinge of our exhibicons, whereas Mr. sidente hathe alsoe enformed you, that we are agreed to bestowe the same uppoi schollers in Saincte John's Colledge, in Oxon ; the trewthe is, we never soe an- but only to sett the same downe for memorie sake> that when tyme shuld sen MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 73 While the company and college were thus engaged at cross pur- poses, Price, who had been sent to St. John's in 1583, had been living there unadmitted by the society ; and, therefore, on the 20th of May following, the court directed that he should come up to be elected again. No competition was to take place to his prejudices Nor was there to be any entertainment or charge upon the occasion, " savinge sixe pounds to be geven to the said president or vice-president and to senior felowes, as they were wont to have ;'"* which clearly indicates that at that time there was no great harmony between the societies. But what affected the vital interests of the school more than all these untoward circumstances, was the rooted disgust which Mulcaster had now conceived for his situation in it. ! Nature had formed him of a cholerick temperament, and fortune had forborne to smile upon him. He was conscious of his great attainments, and felt that while others with far less were daily rising with rapi- dity to honours and preferments, he was still doomed to toil from year to year; " at ; Laurence Pouritney's," with no other compli- ment beyond his wages, for the fidelity with which he had acted, than what had been assured to his wife, in the event of his dying thinke uppon our schollers ia your said colledge, neverthelesse leavinge our selves free to geveour exhibicons where we thinke good, notwithstandinge bearinge still noe lesse good will and affection to your said colledge then in former tymes we have done, and soe we hope you will conceave of us wishlnge in all that we maye the long and good eoritynuence and florishinge of the same. Commendinge you in all your studies to the tuycon of thalmightie. From the Merchanttailers' hall, in London, the xxvith day of Pebruarye, 1584. : " Y~r lovinge frends, the mi and wardens, of the Merchanttailors^ Ric. Maye. Nic. Spencer. Eic. Peter. John Marden. Roger Abdye." * See minutes of court, 2QMay, 1584. L 74 THE HISTORY OF befpre-her.* His friend and patron Hills had experienced a re- verse in his circumstances, and the company had not thought proper to supply the annual pension of ten pounds, which; that generous citizen had for many years from the foundation of S the school added to the schoolmaster's stipend.-)- And the correspond dence which had taken place in relation to a successor could not be without its influence on a man of warm reelings, alive to every sentiment of honour, and* perhaps, too ready to resent any indig- nity that was offered him.J He sa\v, or thought he saw, that a change was desired, or at least would be received with indifference. And this induced him before he gave up the appointment to demand from the company, as arrears, ten pounds per annum for every year that had elapsed since he had lost the additional salary ad- vanced by Hills. Soon after the election in 1585, the company appointed a com- mittee to confer with Miricaster on the subject of his dsaims, and to make a report thereon .§ At this conference Muloaster vffged* that, in consequence of the additional stipend which he had re- ceived at first, !he bad paid the chief usber a higher salary thaw be was entitled to from the foundation, and that as he bad continued to pay that sum for the benefit of the school, after he had ceased to receive it himself, he requested itsnaight be reimbursed to him. Bu'tVhether the Committee failed in making 'their report, or the report wa& unfavourable to his claim, he was denied his petition, and told that he might " seeke his remedie."|| That remedy, * See page 65. + See page 23. J The open maimer in which arrangements for the choice of a successor had been proposed and discussed could not fail to bring to his recollection the vexation which he endured at the first threat of dismissal which he received, and to revive in his breast a keen sense of every subsequent mortification. (See pages 34, 56, fyc.) On pome occurrence of which sort he is reported by Fuller to have exclaimed, " Fidelis Serous, perpetuus Asinus." § See minutes of court, -25 June, 1585. || See minutes of court, 20 Dec. 1585. merchant-Taylors' school. 75 however^ he was too poor and too discreet to seek by recourse to law ; embarrassed in his circumstances by the withholding of what he believed to be due to him, he was reduced to make a virtue of necessity, to conceal the emotions with which he struggled, to borrow £50 of his patrons, to " relinqujshe hjs arrerages and all other his demaunds whatsoever/' and to refer the consideration of his ease to the company according to their discretion and plea- sure.* But no further notice being taken of his " request to be recompensed," which it is evident hje intended to modify rather than abandon, he gave formal notice, on the 28th of June, 1586, that he should resign his charge, promising at the same time that if the court could not sooner procure .a master to tfieir satisfaction he would continue at the school another year.?}" In the course of a few months, however, a sufficient number of candidates appeared to afford the company ample scope for their choice. They were, for the most part, men fully qualified to fill the station to which they aspired. Their testimonials were more than satisfactory : they were couched in terms as flattering to the electors as to the candidates. Nor can there be a greater proof of the importance of which the high-mastership of Merchant-Taylors* was supposed to be, than what is furnished by the interest which was taken in the canvas by some of the great officers of state. The first gentleman who offered himself as a successor to Mul- caster was William Burd, a master of arts, of ten or twelve years standing in' the university of Cambridge, and who, frpm the situar tion which he held in the school, seemed to have a statutable preference. Mulcaster recommended ifoim as a person every way qualified to^ pursue his course of instruction. Still, master of Trinity ;+ Goad, provost of Kings ;§ Wnitaker, master of St. John's ;(| , ■ * ' ■ i ■ * ,S5ee fninutflSK»f. court, iy March and 10 May, 1586. : t See.piiriMtes.Qf court, $8 Jutae, Ii5fii6. % "John Still, son of Will. Still, of Grantham, in Liiicdlri^hire, :was rectar of L 2 76 THE HISTORY OF and Chadderton, margaret professor pf divinity at Cambridge,* signed his testimonials on the 21st of July. And, on the 23d of Hadlei^bjjo-Sjiflhlk, and whilst so was commissioned one of the deans of Booking, in 1572 ; was installed canon of the 7th stall in the church of Westminster, in the place of Tho. Aldridge, deprived for nonconformity, in 1573; and archdeacon of Sudbury, Mar. 28, 1576. He was likewise master first of St. John's,' then of Trinity Coll. in Cambridge; and whilst master there, Dr. John Capcott, who was only fellow of that house, was, in the year 1586, chosen vice-chancellor, of that university, and within the college gave the upper hand to Dr. Still, the master, but took it of him when without the walls thereof; but before the year was ended, was chosen master of Bennet College ; and an act made among, the doctors, that for the time to come none but heads of houses should be chosen vice-chancellors. From the mastership of Tri- nity College, Dr. Still was promoted to the see of Bath and Wells, to which he was consecrated in Feb. 1592, and died Feb. 26, 1607, and gave in his testament ,£500 to the alms-house in Wells, in which cathedral-church he was buried, leaving then be- hind him several children, which he had by his! two. wives, Jmt especially by his firW —Newcourt's. Kepertorium, v. ii. p. 67.*HW**i **%*«/*#>#$««> Ifa]/* /3 B -'64 ~ § Roger Goad, D.D. provost of King's Coll. in Cambridge, was admitted to the chancellorship of the church of Wells, 7 Mar. 1576 ; preferred to the deanry of Bristol, in 1590; and consecrated bishop of Chichester, in 1596. — See Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 717, &c ' ■ ■ '' :!: ■•' || " William Whitaker, upon the promotion of his predecessor (John Watson) tothe .see of Winton, was admitted to this chancellorship (of St. Paul's) Oct. 1> 15,85, which he resigned before November 2, 1587. This person was famous for his standing up in defence of the protestant religion and church of England against Campian> Saunders, Reynolds, Bellarniin, Stapleton, and others ; was born at Holme, in the parish of Burndley, in Lancashire, initiated there in grammar-learning, taken thence by his uncle, Alexander Nowell, Dean of St. Paul's, and by him maintained at his house, and put to the free school there; sent thence, at eighteen years of age, to -.Trinity-College, in Cambridge, where he took the degrees in arts, and the first thing thatTmade him known for his excellency in the Greek tongue was his turning his uncle's catechism into that language; afterwards, being famous for theology, he was made the king's professor in that faculty : (had this chancellorship given him by the queen.) At length, having much impoverished his weak body by continual study, he was freed from this, body of flesh, and lost his life, having left behind him the desire and love of the present times, and the envy of posterity, that cannot bring forth his parallel. He gave way to fate Dec. 4, 1595, aged forty-seven, and was buried in the chappel belonging to St. John's College, Cambridge, of which college he had several years Before been master." — Newcourfs Repertorium> v. i. p. 1 14. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 77 the following month, Sir Christopher Hatton, vice-chamberlain to her majesty ,-f- wrote a very handsome letter in his favour. The n^xt was Thomas Denham, master of arts, of Oxford, who had freen, educated in the school and elected from it to St. John's; he was now, a : fellow of the college, and expected on that account tphave a preference.,; But though Sir Thomas Bromley, the lord- chancellor,^: interested himself for him, as appears by a letter, dated the 28th of July, he does not appear to have received much support, a-,! ,, , , ,,The college. candidate, as he may be called, was Ralph Ravens, master of , arts, whose pretensions were of the same kind. The * Laurence Chadderton, a calvinistical divine, who Had a contest with Dr. Baro r the margaret professor of divinity, at Cambridge,' on some points in his comment on Jonah and his book De Fide, which the party looked upon as heterodox. — Wood's Athena, v.i. p. 113.. , ;, ... ; .!t(r •f " Christopher Hatton, son of Will, Hatton, of ,Holdenby, in Northamptonshire, son of John, son of Hen. Hatton, by Eliz. his wife, sister and heir of Will. Holdenby^ of'Holdenby before-mentioned, was born at Haldetiby, became a ; gentleman com- mdner of St. Mary's Hall, iin the reign of Q. Mary> ; at which time Will; Alan (after- wa^sa cardinal) presided it. Thence, without a degree, he went to the Inner Temple; afterwards became successively one of the queen's gentlemen pensioners, , gentle- man of the privy chamber, captain of the band of pensioners, a knight, vice- chamberlain of the queen's houshold, one of the privy-council, lord chancellor of England, knight of the garter, and. chancellor of this university, (Oxford.) He was a man, to say nothing of him but, that which in truth is due, for religion and godliness right devout, of approved faithfulness to the state, of incorrupt equity,, for alms deeds of all others most bountiful, and one (which .is not the least part of >his praise) that was most willing and t ready to support and maintain learning, &c. Thisigreat and worthy person died on the 20th of November, in one thousand five hundred ninety and one, aged 5 1, and was buried in the upper part of St. Paul's cathedral, in London, on the 16th of December following. Soon after came out a little book of verses made; on his death by several hands, 'entit. Musarum Plangores."— Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 253. ..,:,..,. % Sir Thomas Bromley succeeded Sir Nicholas Bacon, in 1579, and continued in office till his death, 12 April, 1587. His remains were, deposited in, St. Paul's chapel, in Westminster-abbey, where his effigies, " in the chancellor's gown, lies under a grand composite arch, on a sarcophagus ; on the side of which four sons kneel in armour and four daughters. He died aged 57 ."—'Malcolm's Londinum Redivivum, v. i. p. 125, 78 th£ history of majority of the society heartily wished him sUdce&s ; atid, with a view to promote it, Willis ;; the president, and White,* Read, Sprott, Potecarie, Peryn> Dixbn,f Webbe, Gitton, Millard, and ^ Bel- field^: being the ten senior fellows in college, wrote to the cdmpatty on the 3th of August, most cordially recommending bim, and laying great stress, as might be expected, not only 6n his being a fellow of their hOufce,but also on hi* having been a scholar of thfe school. By this time the lord-chancellor, perceiving that Denham met With little countenance, and anxious that the school might," be fur- nished with a good and sufficient man," espoused ^the cause of Elias Newecomen, a master of arts, of long standing at Cambridge, who had for some years past been engaged in the education of youth at " his own private bowse not farre from the citae." Ac- cordingly, on the 29th of September, his lordship wrote to the company in his behalf. On the 4th of October, Sir Edward Os- borne, a worthy alderman, who had recently gone through his mayoralty with great applause* did the same.§ And, on the 8th of that month, Newecomen presented *' a supplicacon," which is still extant. * Thomas White, alias Wight, educated at Coventry, Was admitted M.A. 1582, and B.D. ; afterwards becoming insane he left the college ; but when he died is uncertain.— MS. account. f William Dixon, educated at f unbridge, was admitted M.A. 1583, and B.D. . He "was first presented to the vicarage of St. Giles's, Oxford, and afterwards to the rectory qf_C owdeh, in t he county of Kent, where within three years he died.— MS. account. J By a mistake similar to that noticed in page 63, the names of these two last are written in the court-book, Myldred and Belford. — James Millard, educated at Bristol, was admitted M.A. 1585, and resigned his fellowship in 1590 or 1591. — See MS. ac- count. — Edward Belfield's election Was noticed page 60. 5) Sir Edward Osborn, knight, ancestor of the noble house of Leeds, was lord-mayor of London, 1583, arid died 1591. He was buried at St. Dionis Backchurch , under " a gobdly monument in the south lie of the quire." — Stdw's Survey, b. ii. p. 153, b. v. p. 136. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 79 A fifth candidate was Francis Yomans, who had formerly been chief usher of the school, but had recently removed to another situation; Unsupported and unrecdrnmended, except by his past services, he rather offered himself to notice, than canvassed for the appointment. The " supplicacon" which he presented is as diffe- rent from iNewecGWien's as the language of modesty from th^t of arrogance and presumption. The last suitor wjio came, was Henry Wilkinson, master of arts. It is not imiprofoafcle that he had been one of Mulcaster's early pupils; .-trait that cannot now be ascertained. His claim was founded on his having been chief usher as long ago as the year 1573. Out of this respectable list the company proceeded, on the 8th. of Niovember, to elect a ** chief scholem~r to teache in ther grammer schole."* Newecomen, however great his abilities, be- * The " l*"res and supplicacons" which were addressed to the court ofi this occasion, being too carious to 'be omitted, are here subjoined : "'To the righre wurshipfurl the m~r, wardens, and companie, of Merchant-taillers, in London. '" Our bartie commendacons to your worships remembred : Whereas, we uhder- stande that Mr. Mtllcaster, scho'lerrfr of your schole in London, is purposed to leave- that place, and we are requested by Mr. William Burde, ussher in that schole, to geve unto him our testimonie for obteyning of that place for Which he is an humble sewter to your worships coulde not otherwyse doe but of our partes aforde unto him our laWMI testimonie of corhendacon, trustinge that you will take it in good part, and therebie the rather to graunte his requeste, which we hope will seeme unto you honest and reasonable. His conversacon here, for the space of tenne yeres, was with- out all reproof in piiblique exercyse of true religion and diligente applyinge of his booke, bernge admitted in our universitie to the degrees of bacheler and rnr'bf arts.. Of his sufficiency for discharge of that dewtie we have no cawse o£ doubte. Whereof alsoe he hathe geveh tryall and made proof in your schole this yere and moke Under Mr. Mulcaster, soe, as we are perswaded, he 'hathe approved himself unto you by his behaviour and trade of teachinge alreadye. We wishe unto your schole, beinge of soe laudable and famous a foundacori, a worthie governor that will have conscience in 01- deringe the youthe that shalbe comitted to his government, and suche perswasion we have of this partie, whom otherwyse we woulde not comende unto you. Thus, re- 80 THE HISTORY OF ing an alien both to the school and the college, could have but little right to hope for success; whereas, Denham and Ravens, having beeni educated at both, had a fair plea to offer in justifi- cationof their views. But, as thescompany had previously deter- ■ '' " ■■ ■'■'■'■' \ '■,.■ ■ '>K3!! for which cawse I am the rather enduced to wryte for him, wherein what favor and furtherance you shall shewe him I. shall take in good part, and wilbe readye to requite it as occasion shall serve. And soe I bidd you right hartelie farewell, from my howse neare Charinge-Cross'e, this xxixth of September, 1586. " Y~r lovinge and assured fiend, " Thomas Bromley, Canc." Wm. Dixon. Roger Webbe. Anthony Gitton. John Mtibeed. Edw. Belford." merchant-Taylors' school. 83 ing three. Of these, Burd, as chief usher at the time of the vacancy, had the letter of the statute in his favour, nor does any " To the right worshipfull my lovinge frends, the m~f, wardens, and assistants, of the right worshipfull companie of Merchanttailers. "After my hartie comendacons, understandinge latelie that Mr. Mulcaster hathe geaven you warninge for his departure from your schole I have thought good to comend unto you my sonnes scholem~r, Mr. Newecomen, who tooke his degree of m~r of arte aboute xvi yeres past, and hathe spent the most of his tyme since in teachinge privatelie in his own howse a grammer schole for the Latten and Greeke tongs. 1 haveknowen him for the eight yeres together to have xx or xxx boarders, the children of worship- full pursons, bothe out of the citie and from other partes of the realme, out of which smale number he hathe sent yerelie for this v yeres continuallie some good schollers to the universitie, amongest the which my eldest sonne was one. Besides this his skill and longe experience in teachinge, the great lenitie and gentlenes which he useth towards his schollers deserveth noe small comendacon. But above all, which is a thinge in a teacher muche to be respected, he is himself of a sincere religion and doeth dailie cathechies his children in the same. Wherefore, respectinge the pre- misses, and knowinge him alsoe to be a man of honest lief and civell conversacon, I moste earnestlie requeste your favor and good lykinge towards him, which I soe rauche the more effectuallie desier in his behaulf by howe muche I am certenlie perswaded you cannot easelie finde out one in all respects fitter for that service. Wherein what furtherance you shall for my sake shew'e him I wilbe ready anie waies with great thanks to acknowledge; and soe I bidd you farewell, this iiiith of October, 1586. , " Your lovinge freind, " Edward Osborne." " To the worshipful the m~r, wardens, and assistants, of the righte wurshipfull Com- panie of Merchant-tailors, in London, Elias Newecomen, scholenf r, wishethe all healthe in the Loide. " Soe it is, righte worshipfull, that when I was advertysed by my frends that Mr. Mulcaster woulde geave over his place, havinge obteyned some better preferment, it pleased God, after long deliberacon with myself, and some conference with my frends, to make me your worships' humble sewtor for the roome. What I have bene and what I am I leave to the reporte of such as have knowen me and made some good praise of my service that waye. Onlie this muche I will saie, that as I desire, God is my recorde, no preferment but the few to doe God and my enntrey the better service therby, soe I doe assure my self soe muche of God's blessinge and goodnes towards my travell that I may (as I hope without presumption) promyse to mainteyne the credite of anie grammer-schole wherunto it shall please God to call me. Therefore, restinge myselfe onlie uppon the report of others, and leavinge that alsoe unto your discreete judgements, M2 84 THE HISTORY OF thing appear to the disparagement of his ability or conduct; but he had been engaged in the school little longer than a twelve- month, probably in the contemplation. of Mulcaster's resigning, whose recommendation of him might at this conjuncture be rather a disservice to him. Yomans, who had preceded Burd, was now in possession of what he called " an honest place," wherein he had what contented him, and did not pfess his application with any importunity. Wilkinson, on the contrary, who had been chief usher before Yomans and Burd, was the oldest ex-usher un- provided for, and solicitous for the appointment. Ancl, therefore, I humbly betake your worships unlo the proteccon of the Altnightie, whose holie spi- rit soe direct his eleccon as maye be moste for his glorie and the proffit of this comon wealthe. " Elias Newecomen." " A supplication exhibited by Ffrancis Yomans, sometyme chief usher under Mr, Mulcaster, to. prefer him for scholeinr in place of Mr.Mulcaster. " Among other sewtars, righte worshipful, whom I knowe to be manye,. for the suc- cession in your scholeat St. Laurence-Poultney, I would presume, thoughe the meanest of all, might I without offence, to make myself one, concerninge the qualitie of which charge I am soe well advysed as purposinge that endevor which my experience doeth warn me that the place requireth. Wherin yet I take it better pollecie to perfonne somewhat without promyse then to promyse muohe without performance. I am nowe in possession of an honest place, wher notwithstandinge I have what may content me, obteyned not longe since by extremitie of triall, yet my service shalbe yours, please it you to commande it, beinge so muche the happier yf it be accepted. Your wysdomes, to whom it apperteyneth, I doubte not will soe determyne as is best befittinge bothe the thinge and you ; to the preiudice whereof soe farre am I from beinge importunate, as yf I mighte by importunitie pre.vaile, I woulde not. To your worshipfull howse in generall I am soe depelie bounde as to the place from whence I have reced the better part of my self, beinge further alsoe indebted, particlerly to many, then easilie I can be freed of soe great a debte. For my presente sewte I comende it to God and your wyse discrecons, assured of your wonted goodnes, yf myne owne worthe be an- swerable, whereof yf it stande in your likinge that I may prevaile I mist then confesse that whatsoever is myne, next after God, doth come from you, not onelie the meanes wherbie I ly ve, but ly vinge alsoe proceadinge of that meanes. " Your worships in all dutyfull service, " Francis; Yomans." MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 85 > under these circumstances it may reasonably be allowed that the company, in choosing Wilkinson to succeed Mulcaster, acted in a manner perfectly consistent with the spirit of their statute, though not with the wording of it, their design in that regulation being to hold out the prospect of reward to ushers distinguished for " Fra- ture, discretion, and honest lief/'* •A successor being thus appointed, Mulcaster prepared to bid adieu at Christmas to a school, which had b6en the scene of his cpnstant labour and assiduity for more than twenty-five years, during the whole of which time it had flourished with uninterrupted prosperity. Both Oxford and Cambridge were indebted to him for many excellent scholars, whose lite'rary performances were highly spoken of in their day. Hethe, Bowsfield, Thompson, Ad- drewes, Dove, Lodge, Spenser, Gwynne, Perin, Sandys, Sutton, Buckeridge, Caesar, Buckland, Latewar, Searchfield, arid Hutton, of .avhom four attained episcopal dignity, were the admiration of their cotemporaries. And such is the acuteness discernible in all the writings of Aridrewes in particular, that, even in this age of fastidious hypercriticism, he is not without many readers among men of judgment and education.-^ * The papers in the last note, " with divers other fres to that effecte and purpose), sent from some persons of honour and others of great worshipp and credite," in favour of the several candidates, having been read, the " nfr, wardens, and assistants, bothe wyselie and gravelie consideringe bothe of tber sewtes and persons proceaded to. the eleceon for one of them- to be ther chief scholemY to teache in ther grammer-schole at Sainct Laurence Poulteneis* in London, amongst which nomber the eleceon by scru- tenye and pricke fell uppon Mr. Henry Wilkinson, m~r of arte, whom the said mr and wardens, and assistants, have elected and chosen to be ther chief scholernr, to teache in ther said grammer-schole at Sainct Laurence Poultries, in stjeade and place of Mr. Mulcaster, late scholernr theare. And the said Mr. Wilkinson hathe promysed the said m~r, wardens, and assistants, to take uppon him the said charge at or before the feast of X mas next ensuinge the date hereof." — See minutes of court, 8 Nov. 1586. t Of M u l caster ' s method of teaching, Fuller quaintly observes :—" In a morning- he would exactly and plainly construe and parce the lesson to his scholars ; which done, , be slept his hour, (custom made him critical to proportion it) in his desk in the school ;. 86 THE HISTORY OF " As a trend lie farewell" to such a teacher, the company agreed to cancel the obligation by which he was bound to repay the sum but woe be to the scholar that slept the while- Awaking he heard then accurately ; and Atropos might be persuaded to pity as soon as he to pardon, where he found just fault. . The prayers of cockering mothers prevailed with him, as much as the requests of indulgent fathers, rather increasing then mitigating his severity on their offending children ; but his sharpness was the better endured because impartial ; and many excellent scholers were bred under him." (Fuller's Worthies, Westmorland, p. 139.) Shortly after he left Merchant-Taylors' he was chosen uppermaster of St. Paul's school, where he con- tinued twelve years, and then retired to the reclory of Stanford Rivers, in Essex, to which he had been instituted on the presentation of the Queen. On the 1st of April, 1590, he had been presented to the vicarage of Cranbrooke, in Ken^, but resigned it in the following year. It is probable that the loss of an affectionate wife, with whom he had lived fifty years in uninterrupted felicity was the cause of his retiring from St. Paul's. Cheerfulness and vigour were now no more, his health was impaired by the inquietude of his mind, which sought relief in indulging the anguish of reflection, and in two years he followed his wife to the grave, closing a life spent in the pursuit and diffusion of knowledge, on the 15th of April, 1611. He was buried at Stanford, on the 26th of the same month, where his memory has no preservative. His temper was warm, and though Fuller accuses him of treating his scholars too harshly, we must make some allowance, when we recollect that he was educated under the same master with Ascham, the stern Udall, whose severity, perhaps, he imbibed. Like Ascham he was fond of archery ; and was member of a society of archers existing in 1581, who termed themselves Prince Arthur's Knights. Of Mulcaster we may justly say, that " he was a priest in his own house as well as in the temple;" he was a warm protestant, but does not seem to have been engaged in any of the busy controversies of the reformation. As a scholar he ranks high; his English productions boast an exuberance of expression, hot often found in the writers ofhisownday; and his Latin were celebrated in their time: as to his skill in the Greek and oriental. languages we must, in some degree, trust to the voice of fame- for the last of which we know that he was esteemed by the celebrated Hugh Broughlon. He seems to have been early addicted to dramatic composition ; for his name ap- pears in two entries of Queen Elizabeth's payments for plays acted before her (from the council registers). " 18th March, 1573-4, to Richard Mouncaster, for two plays presented before her on Candlemas-Day and Shrove-Tuesday last, 20 marks ; and further for his charges 20 marks." " 11th March, 1575-6, to Richard Mouncaster, for presenting a play before Iter on Shrove-Sunday last, 10 pounds." merchant-taylors j school. 87 of .£50* already mentioned, but on condition that he gave them an acquittance from all debts.* And, lest the college Whether he was a student of. the classic drama, or still adhered to the Gothic spectacles, is a desideratum.. It is,, however, highly probable that he united them. In the Latin plays, acted before Queen Elizabeth and James I. at Oxford, the stu- dents of St. John's College were remarkably distinguished ; a circumstance which it is probable would not haye occurred, had they not received their education under MuL- caster at Merchant-Taylors.. In 1575, when Elizabeth was on one of her. progresses at Kenilworth, Mulcaster produced a copy of Latin verses which were spoken before her. They were printed in Gascoyne's " Princely Pleasures at Kenilworth," 1575, which was reprinted in his works, 1587, and again 1788, in. Mr. Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth. They are short and easy, but as was usual with . the court-productions of the time, com- pletely mythological. In 1580, he prefixed a copy of commendatory verses to Ocland's Anglorum Pr&lia, and another, two years afterward, . to his E^n^gx'"- Others may doubtless be found prefixed to the works of his ootemporaries. His verses to Queen Elizabeth, on her skill in musick, should by no means be forgotten; they first appeared in a poem, prefixed to a book, entitled, " Discantus, Cahtiones, quae ab Argumento sacrae vocantur, quinque et sex partium : Autoribus Thoma Talliss et Gulielmo Birdo Anglis," &c. Lond. J 575, 4to. whence they were transcribed by Mr. Ballard, in .his. Memoirs of Queen Elizabeth, p. 226. Regia majestas, setatis gloria nostrse,, Hanc in deliciis semper habere solet; . Nee contenta graves aliorum audire labores, . Ipsa etiam egregie voce manuque canit. In 1581) he published his " Positions, wherein those primitive circumstances be ex- amined which are necessarie for the training up of children, either for skill in theire booke, or health in their bodie." They were most elegantly printed at London, (1581, 1587, 4to.)-by Thomas Vautrollier, in the white letter, with the promise of a second part, which seems to have beeii completed in 1582,. by the publication of " The first part of the Elementarie, which entreateth chefely of the right writing of the English Tung;" a book which Mr. Warton (Hist. Poet. iii. 345,). says, contains -many judi- cious criticisms and observations on the English language. On <29 April,, 1594, he was collated to the prebendal stall of. Gatesbury, in the cathedral of Sarum. — {MS. Browne Willis, in Bibl. 3odl.) The Positions and Elementarie of Mulcaster contain some peculiarities of spelling, and innumerable quaintnesses of writing, joined to many judicious criticisms on the English language. By the spelling he seems frequently anxious to fix the pronuncia- tion of. his words; and in some parts we may be inclined to think he was. desirous that.. 88 THE HISTORY OF should take umbrage at their recommendation of Ravens, for his successor, not having been attended to, the master and war- words should be written as they were spoken. From analogy he has formed many words, which I do not remember to have seen in other writers ; and several natives may be found, which our great lexicographer has either not recorded in his dictionary or given a confined sense to. As far as Plato's Institutes of Education served his purpose, he was careful to adhere to them ; though he seems totally to have neglected the science of arithmetick, which, in Plato's academy, was a requisite elementary. It may here be observed, that, to prevent the downfal of learning, in consequence of the dissolution of religious houses, those who followed the profession of teachers had, at the beginning of the reformation, several immunities granted them. They were freed from taxes and many other obligations usually charged on other subjects; but, in 1581 or 1582, from a private pique against a few individuals, the assessors levied the taxes upon the instructors of youth. This caused some disturbance ; and Mul- caster was among the foremost of those who successfully opposed the innovation. In 1601, he sent forth his " Catechismus Paulinus, in Usum Seholae Paulina? con- scriptus, ad Formam parvi illius Anglici Catechismi qui Pueris in communi Precum Anglicarum Libro ediscendus proponitur," in octavo. It is in long and short verse, sometimes closely and at others diffusely translated ; and, though now forgotten, was once in high esteem. Among the letters at Penshurst, is one from Mulcaster to Sir Philip Sydney, in Latin, dated 3 Nov. 1575, the year Sir Philip went upon his travels. In the Harleian MSS. No. 6996 is a letter from " Edward Heyborn to the lord-keeper in behalf of Richard Mulcaster, who begged his interest to secure to him the prebend of Gates- hury, in the diocese of Salisbury, the 13 Sep. 1593." Also " Richard Mulcaster to the lord-keeper, upon the subject of the foregoing lettQr." And in MS. Smith, in the Bodleian Library, No. lxxvii. 397, is one from Mulcaster to Peter Junius, in Latin, dated 13 May, 1604. For the matter of this note I am indebted to an elaborate article in the Gentleman's Magazine, v. 70, pp.420 and 604, by Henry Ellis, Esq. of the British Museum; and to a letter with which I was favoured by Octavius Gilchrist, Esq. the learned biogra- pher of Bishop Corbet, to whose powerful talents and deep research I owe the ability of communicating several curicus particulars in this volume. * " Whereas, Mr. Mulcaster, scholenfr of the gramer-schole in St. Laurence Poult- ney, is indebted to this howse by his boride, obligatory for the somme of 1" , of law- full monie of England, due at Mighelmas last past, It is ordered and agreed by the saide mr, wardens, and assistants, that the some of 1 u shalbe geaven unto the said ' Mr. Mulcaster, onelie in respect of his longe service and painefull teaching of ther said grammer-schole, as a frendlie farewell unto him ; and soe his obligacon to be can- celed, uppon condicon that the said Mr .Mulcaster shall geve his generall release unto merchant-Taylors' school. 89/ dens were directed tp write a conciliatory letter to them on the subject.* this howse, for all matters, from the beginning of the worlde unto this daye.'"— -See minutes of court, 8 Nov. 1586. Mulcaster, however, was not disposed to abandon his claim, and therefore declined acceding to this arrangement. He signed no release, and the company still kept the bond. In which situation of affairs, which lasted more than a twelvemonth, Mr. Osborne, whose respectable family long enjoyed & place in the Exchequer, offered his mediation to bring the business to a settlement. The explanation which took place is fully detailed in the following minute,—" Mr. Peter Osborne, the Th'es remembranser of the queene's m' es - court of exchequire, came before the m~r, wardens, and assistents, together assembled in the behaulfe of Mr. Richard Mulcaster, late scholernr of the com- panies grammer-schole in Sainct Lawrence Powltneys, who had heretofore made a demaunde at the companies handes of certen arrerages of ten poundes a yeare, as he pretended to be due unto him by the companie for the space of xvii ten - yeares, where- uppon the court desired Mr. Osborne to be presente, to heare howe the said Mr. Mul- caster could charge the companie with the said arrerages. And then the said Mr. Mulcaster alledged that when he was enterteyned to be scholemaster, Mr. Hilles, nowe deceased, beinge partelie a ffounder of the same schole and sittinge here as m~r, did compounde with him that he should have for himself x 1 '- yearlie paide him by the companie, besides such other benifitts as by the ordinances and foundacon of the schole he was to make of his admission of schollers, xx u - for his heade usher, and x 1 '- a peece for two under ushers, accordinge to which agreement he sayeth he receaved payment by John Hutchenson, common clerke of this companie, for manie yeares to- gether, and although, said he, the ordinances written in the companies bookes make mencon of x a - lesse by the yeare then he receaved, yet the composicon made with him by the rri"r in open court, and paide him accordingelie, although the m~r privatelie supplied yt for a time, he thought he might in reason demaund the arrerages of the companie. But the ordinances and the foundacon beinge openlie red in the presence and the hearinge of the said Mr. Osborne, and he being geven to understand that the accomptes of the companie doe stand with the foundacon, and the acquittances of Mr. Mulcaster from time to time doe stand with the accomptes, and doe all agree uppon. xl' 1 - paide by the company for the head scholenfr and ushers wages, and the matter mayd playne unto him, that Mr. Richard Hills did privatelie supplie that x 1 '- a yeare for soe manie yeares as he coulde well spare yt oute of his owne purse, which the said Mr. Mulcaster did well knowe. The saide Mr. Osborne did acknowledge, that he sawe «othowe in dutie the companie could be charged with the said arrerages, yet notwith- standinge inasmuche as Mr. Mulcaster had paide to his heade usher ten poundes a yeare more then he receaved out of this house, that yt woulde please the companie to 90 ... T HE HISTORY OP One of the first acts of the company after the appointment of Wilkinson, was to revive the quarterly surveys of the school, have some consideracon of him ; and did thereuppon wish him to submit himself to the benevolence of the companie ; the which he did, boeth renounsinge all right to the said arrerages ether in dutie or equilie ; whereuppon the said rri'r, wardens, and assis- tentes, consideringe the estate of the man, but the rather at Mr.Osborn's request, did agree, that, wheras the companie had heretofore forgiven him adebte of fyftie poundes, for which he stode bounde by obligacon, that they woulde add to the same, to make it up one hundred marks, the somme of xvi 11 - xiii s - iiii d - which some of xvi"- xiii Sl iiii should be p d - him by our nfr,' and his bonde to be delivered him by Mr. Wydnell, when he cometh to towne : but with this condicon, and soe as he doe seale unto the' companie, uppon the receipte of the said monie to be paide him by our m~r, a generall release of all clahnes, gratuities, stipendes, arrerages, and demaundes, whatsoever against the companie from the beginninge of the worlde untill this daie, the which the said Mr. Mulcaster was content to doe and gave the companie greate thankes for their- goodnes towardes him."— See minutes of court, 18 February, 1588. He main- tained through life an affection for the school in whose service he had spent the prime of his life, and when the keen sense of the circumstances under which he had resigned had somewhat abated, he took pleasure in attending the publick examinations. At the election, in 1595, he assisted as one of the examiners. vAnd in 1601, " Mr. Mulcaster and dyvers others learned men, whoe were not gene- rally invyted, yet uppon the entreatye of some private frends, came and were present." It is to be regretted that on retiring from London he brought himself to ask any " remembraunce" from the company, as it drew from them a denial that musi have pained him. *' Mr. Mulcaster, (say the records of the company,) whoe divers years past was the companies schoolemr of their gramer-schoole in St. Lawrence Pountneys, be recomended to the consideracon of this company by Mr. Robert Dow, a worthy auncient inr of this howse, (being at this present sickX whoe by his Tres did intimate that the sayd Mr. Mulcaster, being nowe aged and desirous to take his ease in his ould age, hath obtayned a graunte of a large exhibition, or pencon, from the company of mercers, of whose schoole he was cheif-maister for dyvers yeres, and therefore he humbly desired from this company some remembraunce of their good wiils for his ould service to this company. Whereupon the company falling into consi- deracon, and knowing that the company of mercers have greate lands left unto them by Mr. Collett, for the mayntayning of theire scholes, and that this companies schoole ys solely mayntayned out of the stock of the house, which at this tyme being very smale, and the poore of the company dayly increasing, they found the state of the howse not able to performe any such matter as might give any good satisfaccon to the said Mr. Mulcaster; and therefore twoe of the assistaunts were entreated towalke MERCHANT-TAYLORs' SCHOOL. 91 which had for some years been omitted. -f In June, 1587, Nicho- las Hill was elected scholar of St. John's. And a few months af- terwards, as winter approached, some necessary repairs were or- dered to be done to the premises, J and one of the wardens di- rected to see that the usuaL quantity of fuel was " laide in and employed to that use for which it was ordeyned."§ forth and informe the said Mr. Mulcaster thereof, and to desierhim to have pacience and not to presse the comp. with any such suite." — See minutes of court, 29 April, 1609. Above all it is to be lamented that one who had been so successful in imparting the treasures of learning to others, and thereby " making many rich," was suffered, and that without any imputation of vice or extravagance, to die in embarrassed cir- cumstances, so that his son, impoverished by paying the debts of his father, was after- wards reduced to ask relief from the company. * It is positively asserted, in the letter from college in favour of Ravens, (page 81) that the company, or some of them, had wished the president to recommend an able man to be chosen in Mulcaster's room. And though after the contradiction between the company and the college in the year 1584 (see pages 69-72) no communication from St. John's during the presidentship of Willis can be implicitly relied on, it is evident, from the following order, that the company felt themselves bound, at least in politeness, to excuse themselves to the college for not accepting their recommenda- tion. — " It is ordered and agreed, by the said nfr, wardens, and assistants, that a fa- vorable l~re shalbe wrytten by the m~r and wardens for answere to the Tie sent from the president and senior felowes of Oxqn, in the favor and eomendacon of Raphe Ravens, m~r of arte, to be prefferred to be scholenfr in our grammer-schole at Saint Laurence Poulteneis, in London, uppon the a voy dance of Mr. Mulcaster." — See mi- nutes of court, 7 December, 1586. •f " A motion beinge made for the survey of our schole quarterlie, accordinge to ancient orders heretofore in that behaulf observed, It is agreed, that a viewe shalbe taken of the said schollers, accordinge to the said orders." — -See minutes of court, 1 February, 1587 ; see also Statute xxxviii, and Note, p. 19. J " Mr. Wilkinson, scholenfr of the companies grammer-schole at St. Lawrence Pouhtneis, resorted hether and prayeth that a viewe may be taken of the decaies and wantes of reperracons of the leades over the schole, and other the buldinges of the house where the raynecometh downe and rotteth the timber; whereuppon it is ordered, that Mr. Warden Plumer shall take a workeman with him to sett those defaultes in hande to be repared." — See minutes of court, 22 Sept. 1587. § " It is alsoe agreed at this courte, that the somme of vi IL which was heretofore ordeyned and hathe bene for manie yeaves continuallie paid to the chief scholenfr of n2 92 - THE HISTORY OF The " chief scholern r" and " the children," however, were not the only persons, the promotion of whose comforts engaged the at- tention of the court, at a season of the year in which the genius of Christianity more especially calls its professors to deeds of be- nevolence. On the 27th of November, Hills, whose goodwill to literature continued to the last, moved the court to take into con- sideration the small salaries given to the ushers of the school.* And, at the next court, " a convenient augmentacon" was ordered to be made, " for theire better mayntenance and ericoragement to doe theire dutie in theire place and charge, to be paide them quar- terlie, by even porcons, to theire owne handes."-j- With which act of kindness Hills took his leave of " schoole busynesses," not doubting, according to the statute,ij: but he should be rewarded for his labours in them in the world to come. In the following month he passed into the invisible state, where those who have the companies grammer-schole at St. Lawrence Pountnes, for the provision of ffuell to warme the children in winter, shalbe paid by Mr. Warden Plummer to Mr. Wilkinson, chief scholeirfr ; and that the said Mr. Warden Plummer, and his suc- cessors succeadinge him in the place of the youngest reutor-warden, shalbe carefull to see provision of ffewell yearlie laide in and employed to that use for which it was ordeyned." (See minutes of court, 27 Nov. 1587; see also Statute xxxix, and Note, pp. 19-20). " The somme of vi 1 " was the exact amount of the rent, for which " the greate cellor under the schoole-howse" had been let to " Nicholas de Nala, inar- chaunt," and which at the foundation of the school had been appropriated to make provision for fuel, the founders wisely calculating that the " rent yssuing, coming, and growing, yerely" for the said cellar, would always keep pace with the price of " Woode, Coales, Billetts, and Faggotts." — See minutes of court, 24. Sept. 156l. * " At this courte the worshipfull Mr. Richard Hilles moveth, that some considera- tion be had of the small stipend which the ushers of our grammer-schole doe receave,. that some convenient augmentacon be made for theire better maintenance and enco- ragement to proceade more diligentlie on that charge ; which mocon is referred to the consideration of the next court of assistants." — .See minutes of court, 27 Nov. 1587. t See minutes of court, 4 .December, 1587. — This grant was for the benefit of the two under ushers only : the chief usher's salary had been augmented 28 Aug. 1576. % See Statute xxxvii. p. 19. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 93, been liberal from christian motives, wait in humble hope of being " recompensed at the resurrection of the just/'* After the loss of this excellent man, nothing particular hap- pened till the beginning of June, on the first of which month the president and fellows of St. John's wrote to the company to inform them that there was one vacancy, and probably might be more, intimating, however, that they were much dissatisfied with, the entertainment they had lately received when in town,*j~ and that they had no encouragement to do more for the school than they were obliged to do. This letter,^, which was signed by Willis, * St. Luke, xiv. 14.^— From the will of Mr. Hills, made 20th August, 1587, and proved the 29th May, 1590, it appears that he had some years before been obliged to create a fund and trust for the benefit of his son, Gerson, who was labouring under some infirmity (most probably insanity) without the prospect of recovery. The expense attending this domestic affliction is a sufficient reason why he had withdrawn his annual benevolence from Mulcaster. He was too just to be beneficent to a stranger at the expense of his child. + It is probable that there had been no election-dinner for the last four years. — See page 73. J " To the m~r, wardens, and assistentes, &c. " After our hartie commendacons, we are put in minde of our elleccon uppon St. Barnabies-Daie next, aswell by vacancie of a place in our colledge nowe voide by the departure of Mr. Awberie, as alsoe by your Tres which latelie we receaved written to that ende, and accordinglie we have made choise of Mr. Perrin and Mr. Gytting, ufrs of artes, and fellowes of our house, who, together with Mr. President and the vice-president, shalbe with you, God willinge, at the time and place appointed. And we have given them further, commission and warrant to supplio anie other of your places at this elleccon, yf anie moe shall happen to be voide before the eleccon be ended, as perhaps there may be, but we are not assured thereof, and therefore we wryt doubtefullie unto you, yet as you may see frendlie, because we woulde not anie place should remayne voyde, althoughe the same might be benificiall to our house, savinge thereby the charges of a scholer for one whole yeare. Thus you may per- ceave alwaies howe kindlie we deale with you, howsoever you thinke or use us, when we com unto you, we beinge informed that you doe seeme somewhat to grudge at the diet and charges you be at by occasion of this your ellecon, which we must be plaine doeth somewhat discourage us to doe anie more then needes by dutie we must doe. Neverthelesse, hopinge uppon the good mindes of some of you we have as before sent thes parties before-menconed, with larger commission then ever. before we have,. 94 THE HISTORY OF Ravens, Nash, Gwynne, Sprott, Wight, Poticarie, Perrin, Oburne,* Smith,-|- and Buckeridge, was laid before the court on the 8th of June, when they resolved to return no answer to it till after election- day : from the stile in which it was written, they naturally enough concluded that other matter for animadversion would occur.J Accordingly, on St. Barnabas's Day, a question was started on one of Sir Thomas White's statutes, by which the company con- tended, that they had authority given them to decide all doubts that might arise between themselves and the college at the elec- tion of scholars, while the president, on the contrary, maintained that no one could statutably determine in such cases but the Bishop of Winchester. In the end it was agreed that both par- ties should refer themselves to the original statute-book under done ; and with them our statute-booke, that you may see how greatlie you have bene deceaved by a. false statute, which you saie is ours, meaninge therebie boeth to have you amend your statute, yf.anie thinge be atnisse, as alsoe to gratifie you in those other respectes, howsoever you may seeme otherwise perswaded. And thus we bid you hartelie farewell. St. John's Colledge, the first of June, 1588. " Y r verie lovinge ffrendes, the president and schollers of St. John's Colledge. Tho* Poticarie, John Perin? Will" ml Obutt, John Smithe, John Bugbridge." Ffrancis Willis, President. Raphe Ravens, Jerom Nashe, Mathewe Gwynne. Edward Sprott, Thomas Wighte, * William Oburne, spelt Obutt in the court-book, was a native of Wiltshire, ad- mitted M.A. 1585, and presented to the vicarage of St. Giles's, in Oxford. He resigned his fellowship in 1590, or the following year. — MS. account. ■f John Smith, educated at Coventry, was admitted M.A. 1585 and B, D. . He was .presented to the living of Clavering, in thej^ounty of Essex, and was a benefactor to the .college. — MS. account. £ " Which \~xe beinge written in soe peremtorie a manner is to be hereafter further considered of, to be spoken unto and answered after the daie of the eleccon of schol- lers at our grammer schole is past, as occasion of matter shall there growe in the eleccon, and in the examinacon of the statutes made by Sir Thomas White, founder of the same colledge." — See minutes of court, 8 June, 1588.. MERCHAttT-'TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 95 Sir Thomas White's own hand ; and as that was kept, at St. John's, one of the court and the clerk were desired to take an opportu- nity of riding thither to examine and copy the statute, on the interpretation of which they differed:* for, though the president and fellows had brought a copy with them, as it did not agree with that in the custody of the company, its authenticity was doubted. But it does not appear that the deputation went. The boys chosen this year were George Wright and James Whitlock. It is highly probable that no election was expected to take place in 1589- However, two stewards were appointed to provide a dinner at the school on St. Barnabas's Day, — the company rightly judging that the boys should be examined, though there should be no opportunity of proceeding to election. -f And, in so doing, # « Whereas some question and difference hath bene had betvveene this companie and the president of St. John's Colledge in Oxford, uppon a point of the statute made by Sir Thomas White, founder of the same colledge, touchinge the eleccon of schollers out of our grammer schole in St. Lawrence Poultneys, we alledginge the statute to give us authoritie to deside all questions and ambigujlie that may arise be- tween us and the colledge in thesame eleccon; and they alledginge the same statute to give aucthoritie to the Bisshop of Winchester, to deside suche question or ambi- guitie that thereuppon shall or may arise. And wereas the companie, asvvell as the vice-president and two seniors present at this eleccon have referred themselves to the originale statute-booke, under Sir Thomas Whit's owne hand, for the trueth of the clause or point whereuppon the variaunce consisteth; and that the said vicepresident and senior fellowes have promised that whensoever yt please the companie to send downe one or two' uppon whose credit and survey of the said statute they will repose themselves, the president and fellowes will shewe unto him or them soe sent downe the originall statute under Sir Thomas White's owne hande, soe as the companie send them some warninge thereof, that the keyes of the Tower, wherein the statute-booke is kept, may be brought together, which lie in severall of the seniors custodie. Whereuppon yt is ordered and George Sotherton, one of the counsellors and assist- ants of this misterie, is intreated to take some time at his best lykeinge and choise, and to be accompanied with the common clerke to ride downe to Oxford, uppon the provision and charge of the companie, to reade and examine the same statute, and to bringe from thence a true coppie thereof." — See ifdnutes of court, 12 June, 1588. f " At this courte a l~re, sent from the president of Sainct John's Colledge in Oxon to the companie, was redd, by which Tie yt seemeth dowbtfull whether that ante 96 THE HISTORY OF they did no more than carry into effect the statute which enjoined them yearly, for ever, to " make their assembly or apparaunce in the councell-howse, or late chappell, with such well-learned men as they" could conveniently get, to examine whether the teachers had done their duty and the children profited under them.* — Of which nature were those solemn visitations, at which the dig- nitaries of the diocess of London were wont to assist,-f- till the business arising from St. Thomas White's elections necessarily altered the mode of proceeding, and became the means of con- fining the examination too much to the boys in the head form. In the beginning of the year 1590, it was generally supposed that there were three or four scholarships vacant at St. John's, and that, inconsequence, there would be an extraordinary num- ber of boys elected in June. But, when the usual letter arrived from college, it appeared that only one place was to be supplied from Merchant-Taylors'. On this the master of the company, with the assistance of those who were past the chair, wrote a letter to the president and fellows, in the name of the master and war- dens, desiring an authentick copy of every statute and letter of the founder concerning the election of scholars, together with an account how the places had hitherto been filled up. And, at a court, on the 17th of June,;[. it was referred to the master's dis- schollarship of the same colledge belonging to our schole in Sainct Lawrence Powlt- neys wilbe voide at St. Barnabas- Daie, — Albeit yt is resolved that, accordinge to the yearelie custome, two stewardes shalbe appointed to make provision against the same daie at the schole, for a convenient enterteynment of the m~r and wardens, and suche learned men as shalbe invited at that time ; for that yt is thought verie necessarie that the exercise of the examinacon of the schollers how they proffitt in learninge shall be yearlie contynued, howsoever the eleccon fall out." — See minutes of court, 3 June 1589. * See Statute xxxv. p. 18. f See pages 23, 25, 28, and 33. J " It is ordered at this courte, that this Tre hereafter written verbatim, being conceived by our nVr and other of thold m~rs of this company to be conveniente to be merchant-Taylors' school. 97 oretion to pay or withhold for a time the gratuity custoiattarily given to the president or vice-president and two senior fellows at sent to the presidente and fellowes of Ste. John's Colledge in Oxon, touching the com- panyes interest in matters of election of sofoollei's awd quit-esters to the satne colledge, be seote accordingly to thende that upon lihe returne of answere theretfnte, the com- pany may be informed of tshe certainty of the statMtes made by the founder, which doe couceme the election of schollers, and howe the' places and fo-crtnes ate arid have bene supplied, which being knowen they may the better directe tlteitoserves hereafter t'expecte the performance of that which of righte ap~teineth to the Company? AwA it is referred to the discretion of our m"r either to pay or deteine for a time m his handes the sixe poandes geven to the vice-president and two seniors fellowes by way of gratuity from the company untiffl he shall heare an answer* of this Tre. " To the worshipful our very loving friendes, the presidente and feltowes of Ste. John's Colledge in Oxon. " After our very harry commendations. Whereas we were given to urrd&rst&hd before the coming up of m"r vice-presidente and his assistants to our last election, that either three or foure schollershippes were voide at this time, We were thereby drawen into hope of the prefermente of an extraordinary number of our schollers this yeare ; but upon the receipte of your Tres it appeared unto us 'that there was but one place to be supplied out of our schoole, so that wee were thereby broughte from oar former expectacon to our old yearely stinte of the eleccoto of one scholer, which being considered with the preparation, charge, and other cir- cumstances thereto annexed, doth in no measure or- proportion answere th'expectation -moved. We therefore, looking into thordinance of our late worshipful and loving brother, and your good and liberall founder, and into his great affection towardes the prefermente of the schollers broughte up in our schoole, to see how the number of 43 schollers, ordeined by statute, to be chosen from us have bene sup- plied, doe finde the number but of 23 places filled by eleccon from our schoole this 23 yeares space. Wherein we thinke we have cause to be of opinion, that there hath not bene that care had as was convenient to further, the prefermente of the number of schollershippes and other places by that wor. gent, provided for. And, albeit we are not ignorante that the righte wor. Sir Thomas White with great care and by good advise conceaved a proportion how not only his number of fifty places for the main- tenance of lerning should be supplied, together with sixe queresters whome he especially ordeined for the service of Almighty God; but also that all other con- venient exercises of lerning, and officers for the service of the colledge should be provided for. And, according to that conceaved proportion, hath endowed your colledge with sufficiente revenue to beare the charge thereof with overplus. Yet, to omitte th«t and all other matters which doe not concerne us, and which are without o 98 THE HISTORY OF the election. But no notice was taken in the letter of this mea- sure. the compasse of the statute of election of the 43 schollers and other eligeable from our schoole, we pray the due performance and execucon of that statute wherein wee take our selves to have an interest; and first wee note unto you, as an iniury done unto us, the translation of foure quiresters into our number of 43 schollers, and as a thmge not warranted by the said statute of eleccon, nor by any other warrant of your good founder that ever wee could heare of. Wee doe also conceave the said statute of election to appoint the nomination and eleccon of 43 schollers and six quiresters to the nVr, wardens, and assistents, of the merchanttailors, together with thassent of your presidente or vice-presidente and two senior fellowes, and the place for that pur- pose to be the chappell of our grammer schoole. We denie not that the number of the places of the founders kindred, and of the m~r and wardens, the founders servants, and apprentices children, to be by a proviso retracted out of the same number of 4S schollers. But that thellection of the said number of places belonging to the founders kindred is by the same proviso taken from us, or they to be chosen elswhere then in our chappie, we see it not warranted by the same statute, or the equity or meaning thereof; and how carefull your said founder was to have the same statute expounded according to the grammaticall sence it appeareth by the tenor thereof, and behooveth you to see that the quiresters should be, chosen els where then in London. It is pre- tended that Sir Thomas White, by his Fres directed unto you, did dispence with the former statute. But if it were by that l~re, whereof we have a copy, howsoever y r liberty is increased and you lefte at large for place and country to make choice, Yet London is not therein excluded. And wee thinke there is by that Tie a very especiall and great charge given you to see the choise of quiresters performed, as may appears in the beginning of the same l~re, wherein he sheweth his desire to see the service of Allmighty God mainteined; and a charge and commaundemente given you, that if he died before he should put his hande to your booke of statutes, that you should make a sure statute for the performance of .his will and intente therein. But how- soever you conceive us excluded from the choise of the number of schollers of the prerogative ; yet wee thinke it will be thoughte reasonable in all mens understanding, that forasmuch as the choise of those is the diminution of our number, and is to the prejudice of our election, that wee should from time to time be made acquainted with the names of such as are presented, either of the kindred of the founder or as the children of his servants, before they were admitted to those places, to thende wee mighte be harde, whether wee could excepte against them or not, which justice or courtesy you never offerd us; but an under-hand course, both in that and other things, hath bene ever held by you, whereby you ha,ve given us hist cause to thinke that you MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 99 On the 2d of August, the president and fellows replied to the communication they had received. Their letter,* which was have not delt so kindely with us as we have delte with you, and may be mooved here- after to doe, if your selves shall not give cause to the contrary. Therefore, to re- moove all occasions of further dislike hereafter, and to ioine in the trust committed unto us by that right wor. gent, openly and plainely, and neither to suspecte or mis- hke one or other, Wee desire an authenthike copy of the said statute under your comon seale, with all suche retractions as goe either particulerly to that statute or in. the generall to all Sir Thomas White his statuts that may extende to the diminution of that whereby we may see what belongeth unto us, and lovingly and friendly to agree and ioine together in the performance of the trust committed unto us and either of us, which done wee for our parts shall and will appeare so conformable to any thinge that shall app~teine us, that no offence shalbe given on our behalf. And thus we leave you to the tuicon of the most highe. June, 1590. " Your loving ffrendes, &c. " George Sotherton, M"r. John Churchman, William Whittle. fH, ( Wardens." Thomas Aldswortt Richard Goare. * " To the righte worshipful our very loving ffriendes jthe nTr and wardens of the' ' me rchan tailors in London,, geve theise. " Right worshipfull, Our very harty commendations remembred, whereas by your lettres lately written unto us, you demaunded amonge other thinges, for the better quieting and composing of all controversies and continueing of good will betwene our two bodies, one authenticke copy of our statute, which concemeth the election of schollers oute of your schoole and elsewhere, we willing to satisfie your demaunde so far forthe as conveniently wee mighte have caused all the said statute, with our founders Tre for cheristers, to be drawen verbatim out of the originall under the teste of a publike notary, which by this bearer wee send unto you. Divers other matters your said Tres did importe, which wee have thought good rather to passe over with silence, then by replieing to give occasion of further offence, assuring you that wee doe and will endevour our selves in all thinges so neere as God shall give us grace to followe and fulfill our founders will and ordinaunces as beste becometh men in our place, being most desirous to retaine a, good opinion amonge all men, especially to whome our worthy founder your wor. brother hath so' neerely linked us, as appeareth in the preamble of this his statute. What his meaning was thereby wee l,eave to your good consideration. Our number of fifty fellowes and schollers is now full, whereof o2 100 THE HISTORY OP signed by Hutchenson the new president, Perrin, Wighte, Dixon r Poticary, Gwinne, Gittens, Belfield, Millard, Keyte,* and Spene.f was accompanied by copies of the statute of election and of a letter written by the founder to the college, attested by a notary. twenty and eight were trained up fn your schoole, and the most parte being bachelors of divinity, nTrs of arts, and bachelers of lawe and artes. wee best knowe how our charge increaseth. but in theise daies, wherein charitie waxeth colde, wee see not howe we shalbe long able to mainteine this burden, mueh lesse to susteine a surcharge by furnishing our quier, unlesse it shall please God to move the mindes of some well- disposed men amonge you to set to their helping handes to the perfecting of that which our peerlesse founder hath so well begoune without example of former time or hope of future age to followe. which thing wee verily suppose our good founder did well hope for, when he appropriated our eleccon to your schoole- in such sorte. And sure wee are our late worthy visitor and very good patron Sir William Cordalle, a well wilier to your wor. company hoped no lesse as appeareth by many his l~res and other his exhortacons, which some of us well remember, beside many faire promises your- selves voluntarily have made. All which qur trust is shall not be utterly frustrate, howsoever you seeme for this presente to conceave amisse of our late accons, which wee knowe are iustifieable by our founders statute, which is our rule, and consonant to our said visitors order, whereunto you and wee submitted our selves upon like occa- sion as appeareth by matter of recorde, Maii, 1574. Elizabethe decimo sexto. Whereunto we. referre you. As for any other duti'e, curtesie,_ or kindenesse, to be performed on our partes, you may assure yourselves thereof as knoweth God. unto, whose heavenly protection we recomend yowe. Ste. John his Cblledge in Oxford, this seconde of August, A - D'- 1590. " Your very loving ffiendes the president and sehollers of Ste. Johns, in Oxon. Raphe Hutchenson, Prases. John Perin. Thomas Wighte,. Wm. Dixon. Tho. Poticary. Mathew Gwinne. Anthony Gittens. Edmond Beefield. James M'illan. Jerome Keyes. Martin Spene." * Jerome Keyte, admitted' B. C. L. resided afterwards at Woodstock, where he acted as a justice of the peace, t Martin Spene, admitted B.C.L. merchant-Taylors' school. 101 On the 24th of August, the president wrote a private letter* to the master of the company, and sent it by his brother William, in * " LTre from Mr. Raphe Hutchenson, prseses, in theise words followeth, viz. directed to Mr. Hendeley, m~r. " After my very harty commendations to your wor. gentle M~r Henley, &c. I have heard so muche good by my brother William, and some other of your good affection to learning, vertue, and, religion, that beside the comon l~res which we lately aente to your worshipfull company, I thoughte I might be bold to recommend particularly unto you Ste. John's Colledge as a nursery of those good qualities which I presume you favour well. Theise may be therefore to pray your wor. to be a meane to our wor- shipful good' friendfes the brethren of your mystery, that they would not only give such credHe to our l~res as the case requiretb, but also would so conceave of us and our colledge as of those that would, with any duty or devotion to you and your com- pany, indeavoure to enterteine and increase your good opinion of us and our accons. ffor wee are not ignorant (to- omitte all other inducemente of our regarde to you) that we have no better hope in any worldly favour then in yours, to mainteine, make up, and pesrfecte the devise of: out goipd founder your worthy brother. A matter (Mr. Henley) which as we oughte in conscience and duty so we have beganne not without, greate paine and, difficulty to procure. I would therefore have you thinke that in this colledge we that are in age, or any charge above other the rest, doe nourishe hi our ffelowship a due reverence and estimacon of your worships company as the best meaues wee have to supply all defectea, and; to nepaire* all. denaiess whieh are or mayfall out in our poore colledge. And (to speake my conscience) this, expec- tation of y,ou and your good will did our wise founder nourishe in us by recom- mending to your oversighte and inspection some of his honourable and memorable workes, but especially bygeveing you interest in the choise of oui* schoHers, whereby you might the better be acquainted with the difference betvveene his devise and our estate or maintenaunce. He haih s as I suppose, directed not only us to flye to you, hut also you to followe that which he hath committed to your viewe to looke upon for example sake.. Whatsoever bis meaning was, our desire is to keepe your good favour Which because wee doubte hath bene diminished for wante of good informacon, wee did therefore sende you, up the true copy of our statutes which concerne the matter in question betwene us. And at this time, for your further instruction, I have sente you, by this bearer, my brother, a perfecte note of all the schollers which have hene from time to time chosen from your schole into our colledge, with the names of all other the nowe fellowes of our house. Thus are wee ready (the rather to con- tente you) to render a finall accompte and reason of our accons, wherein- you have any intelligence or intereste, which I for mine owne parte particuler cannot, forget my 102 THE HISTORY OF which he endeavoured to make up the differences which subsisted between the societies. He even sent up a list of all the scholars who had been chosen from the school, and another containing the names of all the fellows of his house at that time ; hoping, by such fair and open proceedings, to re-conciliate that esteem which had lately been alienated from the college. But as neither " the Tre directed to the general tie," nor " thother private l~re from the president alone," was thought to contain a full answer to all the points contained in the letter from the company, the master was empowered to convene his wardens and as many of the assistants as he thought proper, to peruse the documents now before them, and, if necessary, to confer with William Hutchenson on the sub- ject, that the several questions which had been agitated might, at length, be set at rest.* In the year 1592, no scholarship was known to be vacant till the 9th of June, and therefore neither had the company expected to see the president and fellows in town, nor had die latter intended leaving the university. But, on Friday, the 9th of June^ George Wright, who had been elected only four years before,-}- sent in Ms resignation, on which the president and two senior fellows, John Smith and Edward Sprott, immediately set off for London. To show their readiness to fulfil their founder's statute, they travelled with all expedition, but could not reach the city till the morning cradle, which have bene home and hroughte up of those parents and in those places wherein you have your greatest intereste. Therefore I assure yow there is none that ever had my place which hath more cause or care to doe you and your whole body any service or pleasure, as knoweth God, to whose heavenly protection I recom- mende you and your whole company. St. John's Colledge in Oxon, this xxiiiilh of August, 1590. " Your wor. ever assured in the Lorde, " Raphe Hutchenson." * See minutes of court, 28 August, 1590. f See page $5, MERCHANT-TAYIOBS* SCHOOL. 103 of Sunday the 11th. The company not expecting to see them, and the boys being with their friends in different parts of the town, it was impossible to proceed to an election. And, therefore, Couper, Bishop of Winchester,* as visitor of the college, ordered the election to be suspended till the following Wednesday, when Nicholas Cliffe was chosen in the usual manner; after which it was agreed, by the company and the president and fellows, that * " Thomas Couper, or Cooper, was born withia the city of Oxon, educated in grammer learning in the school joyning to St. Mary Magd. Col. being then a chorister of that house; where, with very great industry, making proficiency beyond his years, was elected probationer in 1539, and in the year following perpetual fellow of the said house. Afterwards, proceeding in the faculty of arts, he was made master of the school wherein he had been educated; left his fellowship about 1546, and gave him- self solely up to the studies of humanity and medicine. In the reign of Q. Mary, he being then inclined to the Protestant religion, he took, as it seems, a degree in physick, and practised that faculty in Oxon; but when she was dead, he re-assumed his former faculty of divinity, became a frequent preacher, took the degrees in that faculty in the latter end of 1566, being about that time made dean of Ch. Ch. in Oxon, and was several years after vice-chancellour of the university. In 15$9» he was made Dean of Gloucester, in the place of John Man deceased ; and in 1570> Feb. 24, he was consecrated Bishop of Lincoln. In 1584, he was translated to Win- chester; where, as in most parts of the nation, he became much noted for his learning and sanctity of life. Of this person much may be said, and, perhaps^ some wrong might redound to his memory, if I should say little; for he .vas indeed a reverend man, very well learned, and exceeding industrious, as it appears by that great dic- tionary, which yet bears his name, and was the cause of his preferment ; the founda- tion of which was taken from Sir Tho. Eliot's dictionary, and the materials, for the most part, from Rob. Stephens's Thesaurus and Joh. Frisius's Lat. and Germ, dic- tionary. The course of his life in Oxon was very commendable, and, in some sort, saint-like, if it be saint-like to live unreproveable, to bear a cross patiently, and to forgive great injuries freely, this man's example was without pattern. — At length, this holy and reverend bishop paying his last debt to nature at Winchester, 29 April, in fifteen hundred ninety and four, was buried on the south side of the choire, a little above the bishop's seat, belonging to the cathedral there. Over his grave was soon after laid a flat marble, with an inscription thereon in prose and verse, a copy of which you may read in Hist, et Antiq. Univ. Oxon, lib. ii. p. 197" — Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 265, where the reader may see a list of his works. 104 THIS HISTORY OF whenever the feast of St. Barnabas should hapjpea on a Sunday, the examination should take place on the day before, but the election on the day itself: and this course of proceeding was " to fee contynued by God's grace for ever."* The examiners, * " Whereas the daie of eleccon of schollers to be preferred from the marchant tailers schoole to the colledge of St. John in Oxon, ys by the statute of the founder of the said colledge appointed to be holden on St. Barnabas daie yearly, which this presente yeare fell uppon the Sondaie. In respect whereof, aswell for that yt was the saboth daie, as for that there was' noe place knowen either to the companie of Mar- chant tailers, or to the president and fellowes of St. John's colledge, to be voyde untyll soe neare the daie of elleccon, as that the colledge could give noe warneinge to the companie to expect an eleccon, or the companie prepare themselves to enterteine the president, and such as they were, to entreat them to make triall of the sufficiencie of the schollers. Wherby boath parties rested ia doubte hpwe the founders statute and meaneiuge might be excecuted in the said election. And the said doubt might have growen to some myslyke betjveene the colledge and the companie, had not the question beene over ruled by the Buishop of Winchester being visitor of the colledge, whoe happened to be in London at this tyme, and uppon deliberate consideracon of the said statute, did thus expounde and order the said doubt, That, albeit the daie of eleccon was appointed to be on St. Barnabas daie, yet the occamns and circumstances of the matter considered, and the readines of boath parties to come as neare the per- fourmance of the founders meaneinge as they ooulde, That Wednesdaie next follow- inge St. Barnabas daie shoulde be the daie of eleccon for this yeare, and then to proceede therein as they were woont, which was performed accordinglie. Nowe the said president and fellowes and the said companie foreseinge that the lyke occacon of doubte maie heereafter arise, when that St.. Barnabas daie shall happen to fall upon the Saboath daie doe therefore by mutuall consent agree and determine this decree betwene them, that heereafter as often as yt shall soe happen, the schollers of this schoole shalbe generally apposed and examined uppon Saterdaic being the daie before St. Barnabas daie, in the presence of the president or vicepresident and ii seignior fellowes, and the m~r, wardens, and assistants, of the companie for the tyme being associate with such learned men as they can entreat to that ende. And afterwardes, the next daie in the afternoon, being St. Barnabas daie, the nominacon and eleccon to be made, and this course to be contynued by God's grace for ever. And to the end notice should be taken of this agreement, a coppie of this order to be delyvered to m~r president of St. Johnes Colledge, to be intymated to the fellowes of that howse, and the same to be entred in the registers booke of this companie for the better merchant-Taylors' school. 205 on the part of the company, were Goodman, Dean of West- minster, and Perkins, shortly afterwards Dean of Carlisle.* recorde of this agreement to be observed. Dated the daie and yeare above-said, at the companies grammer schole at St. Laurence Pountneies, London. i Raphe Hutchenson, President. Wm, Dobwoetb. Richard Procter. John Smith, v Anthoine Radcliffe. Olyvee Rowe. Edwakd SpeottJ*^ 08 ™ Tho.Wilford. Edward Kymfton.-. Robte. Dowe. Wm. Whittle. Robte. Hawes. Richard ^enables. Nicholas Spencee. Walter Plomer. Henry Offley. Roberte Hampson. nowell sotheeton, v gab. goodman. HOWELL SOTHERTON, V UAB. UOODMAN Henry Webbe, f Chri. Parkins. r s Wardens Richard Shepham, Wm. Lynforde, " Memorandum that this yeare noe schollership in St. John's Colledge, being knowen to be yoyde before the ixth daie of June, whereby eyther the president and seignior felloWes, or the companie of Marchant taylefs, had cause to expect ahie elec- con on St. Barnabas daie, according to the statute made by Sir Tho. White in lhat behalf, yet the accident soe fallinge out that a place was surrendered by one George Wright the said ixth of June, The said president and ii seignior fellowes addressed themselves with all expedicon to London, and, uppon St. Barnabas daie in the morne- ing, beinge Sondaie, came to the cittie, and were readie to have perfourmed a"nelec- con according to the founder's statute. But the said companie of / Marchant tailers not expectinge their comeinge, and the sehollers being dispersed by reason of the Saboath daie, it was uppon deliberate consideracon of the said statute had by the right reverend ffather in God, Thomas , Buishop of Winchester, visitor of the said colledge, ordered by the consent, as well of the said president and ii seignior fellowes, as by the assent of the said companie, that the said eleccon should be sus- pended untyll Wednesdaie followinge. At which tyme the said president and fel- lowes, and the said companie repaired to the schoole accompanied with divers learned men, And in the chappell of the said schoole, they proceeded to examination of the sehollers, and afterwardes to eleecon of one to supply the said place voyd, at which tyme there was chosen by the the said m"r, wardens, and assistants, with the assent and consent of the president and ii seignior fellowes of the said colledge at this elec- con, Nicholas Cliffe, to supply the place in the said colledge presentely voyde." (Signed as above with only the omission of Henry Offley.) These memoranda are registered both in the company's Court-Book and in the Col- P 106 THE HISTORY OF This was the last election in the mastership of Wilkinson, who, on the 2d of August, addressed a letter to the master, wardens, and assistants, containing a surrender of his place. It does not lege Register. — (See minutes of court, 14 June, 1592, and Coll. Reg. v. ii. p. 12.) — The practice here directed still obtains whenever the feast of St. Barnabas falls on a Sunday. * " Christopher Perkins admitted B.A. 7 April, 1565.—" In what coll. or hall this person was educated (says Wood) I know not: Sure I am that he, leaving the uni- versity abruptly without compleating his degree by determination, went beyond the seas, and having spent some time in one of the new erected seminaries, entred into the society of Jesus, and lived among them in good repute for his learning. At length, upon the coming to Rome, (under the name of a traveller,) of Mr. William Cecill, (afterwards Earl of Exeter,) grandson to Will. Lord Burleigh, there were whisperings in the English coll, of doing him some mischief, in revenge for what his grandfather had done in apprehending several priests and putting them to death, yet they came to nothing. Whereupon Perkins possessed him with fears, and took upon him to direct him what to do and how to behave himself: And when Mr. Cecill had seen Rome and the monuments thereof, Perkins did conduct him out of the city; and being a man of a very great understanding, and Mr. Cecill, therefore, delighting much in his company, he perswaded him to accompany him to England.. Afterwards they came together, and Mr. Cecill recommended him to his grandfather for a wise understanding man, and one that had taken much care of him at his being in Rome, and withal having been a Jesuit, he was now reconciled to the Church of England, the Lord Burleigh did thereupon procure for him the deanery of Carlile, which had been before possessed by Sir John Wolley, and about the same time procured of the Queen that he should be employed into Germany, to make answer in the Queen's name to the complaints of the Hanse-towns about their customes, to the Emperour, an.. 1595. After his return, tho' it was the desire of the said Lord Burleigh, that he should live at Carlile and follow the ministry and nothing else, yet he lived in London, and being brought into the acquaintance of Dr. Bancroft, bishop of that place, that doctor did make use of him, both for his discovery beyond the seas and likewise upon other occasions. In 1600, he, with the said doctor and Joh. Swale, were as delegates or embassadors, sent by the queen to Embden, to parley with the delegates of Den- mark, concerning matters of traffick, &c. and Perkins performed his pari well as to that matter. Soon after, by the said bishop's endeavours, he became substitute to Sir Dan. Dofrne, master of the requests, who, by reason of his age, could not well attend that place; and when he died he became master in his own right and a knight.-— Sir Christopher departed this mortal life in the month of Au^. 1623. — I have been credibly MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 107 appear that any thing had happened to disgust him with his par- ticular situation. On the contrary, it seems that he wished to give up the profession of teaching youth altogether. He would have continued till Christmas or Lady-Day, if necessary. But' the company, fully satisfied of the ability of Edmund Smith, the head usher, determined to prefer him to the head mastership, as a matter of course, in conformity to the statute.* However, as only nine members of the court were present, beside the master and wardens, it was thought proper not to fill up the vacancy imme- diately ; but, as delay might expose them to importunities from other candidates, it was agreed to tell all suitors that the place was already gran ted. -f At Michaelmas, Wilkinson availed himself of this arrangement, and quitted the school. During the six years his mastership informed that the said Sir Christopher had a hand in contriving and drawing up the oath of allegance, while he was intimate with Dr. Bancroft." — Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 722. * See Statute ix. p. 13. •f- " At this courte, a letter of surrender, written to the master, wardens, and assistaunts, from Mr. Wilkenson, the companies scholem~r of the comp. grammer schoole at St. Laurence Pountneis, for the leaveinge of the place, was read, whereby yt appeareth that he ys disposed to leave the teachinge of schoole, and giveth the comp. warninge to provide themselves againste Xmas, or our Ladie daie, uppon the opportunitye of which surrender, Mr. Smith, the head usher, maketh his petytion to this courte to be received. in the place, wheruppon this courte falling into deliberacon, havinge agreed lykeinge of Mr. Smith, and an opynion of his sufficiencie, and looke- irig into their ordinances, which doe speake of the preferment of the head usher, being found an able man, doe accompt him the man that must succead the head nTr ; but the number being not soe ample as the weight of this eleccon requireth, doe for- beare absolutely to elect, boath in respect of the small assembly and also of the cere- monies and conferences, which are neccessarie to be had in the elleccon of the head schoolem'r, which are more absolutely perfourmed when the place ys more actually voyde. And yt ys also ordered that yf anie suit be moved for the place, yt ys to be answered that the same is graunted alreadie.".— See minutes of court, 2 August, 1592. P 2 108 THE HISTORY OF lasted, several boys, who had been trained partly by Mulca&ter and partly by himself, went to college with the same promise of success as the most distinguished of their predecessors. But, of them all, no one became more eminent than Whitlock, of whose character, as a scholar and a judge, I shall have occasion to speak hereafter. I will only observe here, for the credit of the master, who completed his education, that he retained the ability to deli- ver himself extemporaneously in good and elegant Latin, long after his attention had been withdrawn from classical studies, by the avocations of the particular profession which he had embraced. On the 6th of October, at a court attended by eleven members, beside the master and Wardens, Smith was formally elected to the headship of the school, now destitute of scholars. The plague had spread so generally through the city, before the end of the August preceding, that, on the 28th of that month, the school had been broken up for three weeks;* and, the sickness not yet abating, it was not prudent to draw the scholars together, even for the ceremony of his installation. -j~ But the court continued to meet and consult for the benefit of the school ; and finding, in * " It ys thought convenient, and theruppon ordered by this court, by reason of the plague soe generally dispersed in the cittie, that pur grammer schoole be broken up for 3 weekes, and then further order to be taken as the sicknes shall appeare to be." — See minutes of court, 28 Aug-. 1 592. f " This courte beinge ample and of full number doe fall into the reviewe of the state of their schoole, as yt standeth nowe voyde of their head schoolenTr by the surrender of Mr. Wilkinson. And therefore have, accordinge to there former con- ceipte and opinion of Mr. Smith his sufficyency and deserte, absolutlye chosen and elected him for the head scholerrf r, whoe beinge called in geveth them humble thankes for their good opinion and favor borne towards him, promisinge towardes a recom- pence thereof to doe his beste endeavor in the said place, and soe is dismyssed for this tyme untill the schollers be drawen togeather agayne, when he maye have the chardge reade unto him appoynted by the orders of our schoole to be reade at his instalment." — See minutes of court, 6 Oct. 1592. The " chardge" and " instalment" were prescribed by Statutes ii and iii. p. 12. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 109 the course of their deliberations, that the bop had been much /&S. ^a^^^ ' ^^£^0e££*te*e~~ y north side of the church of Faringdon befo^-mentionedT Soon after was TnSble mo- "--— -40 108 THE HISTORY OF lasted, several boys, who had been trained partly by Mulcaster were prescribed by Statutes u and iil. p. 12. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 109 the course of their deliberations, that the boys had been irmch distracted in their learning, by the frequent change of teachers, they determined to go beyond the " convenient augmentacon," granted at the suggestion of Hills, that the ushers might not be driven from their posts by the inadequacy of their salaries, nor any cause of blame be found in the company " as patrons of the saide schoole."* In 1593, Michael Boyle, George Russell, and John Sandsbury, were elected scholars of St. John's in the usual manner. But, in 1594, the president and fellows omitted coming to town on the day of election, though, in their letter to the company, they had expressed a probability " that some places were like to be voide." The company, in full expectation of an election, had invited the Dean of Westminster, the Master of the Temple,-f Perkins, Un- ton,J who had lately returned from an embassy to France, and * See minutes of court, 17 December, 1592. •f Dr. Bayley, who, in 1591, succeeded Hooker, and was afterwards succeeded by Thomas Master, B.D. # J " Henry Unton, or Hunton, was born of an ancient and genteel family at Wad- ley, near Faringdon, in Berkshire, educated in Oriel Coll. under Mr. Rich. Pygot, one of that society, left it without a degree, and travelled. After his return, being esteemed a person well qualified, had some employment under Sir Christopher Hatton, L. Chancellor, who quickly finding him to be a man of business and experience, com- mended him to the queen, who, in 1586, not only conferred on him the honour of knighthood, but sent him afterwards twice in the quality of an ambassador to the King of France, where he behaved himself right stoutly in behalf of his mistress, particularly for some injury done to her by the Duke of Guise, an. 1592. This person, who was actually created M. of A. of this university (Oxford) before he went into France, hath written an account of his embassy, or a diary containing his commis- sion, instructions, expences, and transactions; as also letters from, or to, him, from July 13, an. 1591, to June 12, an. 1592.— (MS. in Bib. Bod.) He also made a diary for his last embassy, which continued to the time of his death, but that I have not yet seen. He gave way to fate in the King of France's camp, lying before Lafere, on the 23 March, in fifteen hundred ninety and five; whereupon his body being conveyed into England, was buried, on the 8th of July following, in a chappel joyning to the north side of the church of Faringdon before-mentioned. Soon after was a noble mo- 110 THE HISTORY OF other learned men " for the examinacon and proufe of the schol- ars ;" and the examination took place accordingly : after which "rnr deane and the doctors"* reported that several of the boys were Sufficiently qualified for the university, which served but to increase the regret of the company at the absence of the presi- dent and fellows, as they had received information that a fellow- ship had been resigned into the hands of the president long enough to have admitted of his reaching London in time for the election. On this Sir Thomas White's statutes were called for, and, after due consideration, it was determined that the company should proceed to an election, and send the scholar chosen down to Oxford for the approbation of the college. The boy chosen was one John Jones in the room of Poticary ; but the president and fellows of St. John's refused to admit him, principally on the ground that Poticary 's resignation was not absolute, that the resignation had not been accepted, and that, consequently, the fellowship was not vacant. In this situation of affairs the court referred the business to the master, wardens, and past masters, of the company, to consider what course should be pursued to pre- nument set over his grave with this inscription, containing certain matters relating to him which I have not yet mentioned : — Virtuti et honori sacrum. Henrico Untonb, Eq. Aurato, Edoardi Untoni, Eq. Aur. filio, ex Anna Comitissa Warwici,filia Edoardi de sancto Mauro Ducis Sommersetti et Anglia Protectoris, qui optimarum artium studiis a prima atate in Acadernid Oxon, inst it id us, magnam orbis Christiani partem perlustravit, ob virtutem bellicam in Zutphania obsidione, dignitate equestri donatus, propter singularem pru- dcntiam, spectatam fidem, et multiplicem rerum usum iterum Legatus a Sereniss. Anglia Regina ad Christianiss. Regem missus in Galliam £ qua ad celestem patriam migravit 23 Mart. an. 1596, fyc. The muses of Oxon had so great a respect for the memory of this most worthy person that a book of verses on his death came out soon after under their name, entit. Funebria nobiliss. ac pr&stantiss. Eq. D. Henrici Untoni ad Gallos bis legati regii, fyc. a Musis Oxon. apparata." — Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 283. * It does not appear that either Sir Christopher Perkins or Sir Henry Unton was ever admitted to the degree of doctor; but, some of the first examiners of the school having been doctors, the title has generally been given to their successors; hence the two general examination-days are still, though improperly, called Doctors' Days. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. Ill vent the statutes from being strained to the prejudice of the cqm- pany, and to the private benefit of the college.* * " Whereas the companie were drawen into an expectation to have had an election of some of the schollers of the grammar-schoie to have bene admitted to the colledge of St. John, in Oxon, on St. Barnabas-Day last, the rather for that ther was reporte geaven out, before the election, that some places were like to be voide ; nppon which report, and uppon some other good probalities, collected uppon the president and fel- lowes Tres sent before to the companie, they provided for the examinacori and proufe of the schollers in their learninge the Deane of WestuTr, the Maister of the Tem- ple, M~r Dr. Perkins, M~r Dr. Hunton, and diverse other learned men, whom they entertained uppon St. Barnabas-Day at dinner, hopinge that the president and some of the seignior fellowes would have repaired upp to London, accordinge to the sta. of their founder, to have performed an election, who notwithstandinge came not upp ; whereuppon the learned men, havinge approved the schollers of the schoole, and find- inge diverse of them sufficient to have gone to the universitie, and the companie havinge that day received informacon from Oxon that one place was actuallie re- signed into the handes of the president, and that since the resignacon the presideut and ffellowes might have come upp yf it had pleased them to have bene present with the said mr deane to have performed their, founder's statute touchinge an election, They the said m~r deane and the doctors did call for the statute of election appointed by the founder ; and, havinge advisedlie waighed and perused the same, did resolve uppon the verie l~re and sence thereof that a place beinge voide the companie, in performance of their parte of their founder's trust laied uppon them, might proceade to choise and eleccon of a scholler, for that the statute saith that the nfr, wardens, assistants, with thassent of the president or vice-president and two s~r ffellowes, shall make choice, and that they might send the scholler chosen downe to Oxeford for the president and fellows to geave their assent ther, which, as thinges then fell out, wag fitter this to be done then the founder's purpose should be frustrate in all; The said deane and the other doctors beinge clerely of opinion that the companie herein were bound in dewtie to do all that lay in them to doe. Uppon whose direccon "and advise the m~r, wardens, and assistents, did make choice of one John Johnes first to be admitted in the place of one Mr. Pothecarye which was then resigned, as the company were credibly enformed. Which beinge done the companye sent him afterwardes to Oxe- ford with their Tres of commendacon to the president and fellowes, prainge them to accept of him and to assent to their election, who, notwithstandinge, retoumed that the place was not voide at the daie when the companie choice him ; nether coulde they make any eleccon without their geavinge some other reasons of the question betwene the companye and them touchinge the pretended resignacon ; that it was not an ab- solute resignacon, but they refuced the resignacon offered them to avoide suspicon of 112 THE HISTORY OP What immediate steps were taken herein we are not in- formed. It only appears that near a twelvemonth elapsed before any satisfactory explanation took place. On the 5th of May, 1595, the master and wardens wrote a letter to the college,* to re- some corrupt dealinge which they thought and were informed was conceaved of them, and, standinge uppon diverse other strict pointes of their statutes and oathes, did re- soiutelie refuce the admission of the said Johnes ; whereuppon this courte beinge called to advise of some course to be resolved uppon betwene the companie and the colledge, whom they find not to deale so> sincerely as they might with the companie, but do drawe and straine the founder's statutes as they may best sorte their private benefitte, This courte have agreed that forasmuch as the differences betwene us and them, that are to be iudged aud considered by men of learninge and knowledge, that the m~r and wardens, with as many of the olde m~rs as can from tyme to tyme be drawen togeather, shall advise and consider what course shall be pursewed for the re- medye of this matter, and whatsoever they shall do herein shalbe holden for the generall course and decree of the companye." — See minutes of court, 20 June, 1594. * " To the woorshipfull Mr.RapheHutchinson, presedentof St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxford, and to the senior fellowes of the same house, gyve these with speed. " After our verie hartie comendacons, These are (according to theaccustomed manner) to put you in remembrance of St. Barnabas- Day, yerelie appointed by your good and bountifull founder and our woorshipfull and loving brother Sir Thomas White, Knight, of worthie memorie, for the election of schollers in the chappell of our grammer- schole,"in St. Laurence-Pountneye's parishe, in London, and that then and there the said election may be made as ample as convenientlie may, and as the statutes and lawes of your house doe appoint. And, for the avoiding of all difficulties in the election to appoint certenly your appositors, whose names, together with the places which shalbe void before the said day, And such places as by the statutes of your house are voidable and ought to be made void, wee desire to be advertized of a reasonable and convenyent tyme before the day, that love and amytie may remayne and contynue amongest us, and at their coming they shalbe moast hartelie welcome unto us, and wee wilbe readie to ioyne with them in the performance of your founder's statute. And thus, nothing doubting of your care herein, wee comitt you to the tuicon of the Almightie, who prosper your studies to his glorie. — Marchauntaylers' hall, v. Maii. 1595. " Your loving frendes, the maister and wardens of the Merchaunlailors, in London, underwritten. John Churchman, M~r. ROBART HAMPSON, ~\ Thomas Aldworth, C Three of the Wardetm . Thomas Juxon, S MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1 16 mind the president and fellows of the approaching election-day, previously to which they desiced an answer to some particular inquiries. But, as the reply did not, come so soon as they ex- pected, they accepted an offer on the part of the Dean of West- minster, to accompany some of the assistants to the Bishop of Winchester, to inform his lordship of the situation of affairs. On the 14th, a deputation was appointed to attend the Dean at his leisure.* But it is probable that illness prevented the visitor from listening to the application, as he had long been afflicted with the stone, of which disease he died on the 12th of the fol- lowing month.-f- Meanwhile the president and fellows wrote a letter J in acknowledgement of the communication they had re- * " This court being informed that M~rDeane of Westnfr, in greate love and kind- nes to this house, did offer his trayell to accompanie some of the assistents of this house to the Bushop of Winchester (now being in towne) being the visitor of St, John's Colledge in Oxford, And to informe his lordship of the difference betweene. our company and the colledge touching the ellections of schollers on St. Barnabas day from qur schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneyes to the said colledge of St. Johns, it is this day appointed that our maister, Mr. Dow, Mr. Hawes, Mr. Warden Hamp- son, Mr. Nowell Sothuton, Mr. Wright, and the now comon clarck, at suchtyme as Mr. Deane's best leysure will permitt, shall attend and accompany Mr. Deane to the said bushop." — See minutes of court, 14 May, 1595, f " Gulielmus Wickham> Collegii Regii Cantabrigise quandoque sdcius, dein socius itidem Eaton. Collegii, Windesorensis ecclesiae praebendarius, et Lincoln. Decanus,, in utroque episcopatu Coupero successit. Episcoporum Wintoniensium nemo tani parvo tempore ea dignitate potitus est. Lincolnia translatus sub exitum Martii mensis, J595, calculo sublatus interiit Junii 12 sequenti, cum per dysuriam claiisa vesica qua- tuordecim dierum spatio lotium non reddidisset." — Godzein. de Prasulibus Angl. p. 240. % " To the right woorshipfull our very loving frends, the maister, wardens, and assistants of the company of Merchantailers, in London, gyve these. " After our verie hartie comendacons, wee have receaved your Ties, putting us in. remembrance of St. Barnabas day, whereof considering according to the rule (men- coned ^in your Tres) even the statuts and ordinances of our good fownder your woor- shipfull brother, which in this accon must rule and direct you, wee finde the same (our estate being as nowe it is) not to inforce any such n.ecessilie of filling full our Q 114 THE HISTORY OF ceived, in which they affirmed the state of their house to be such that they could not be compelled to fill up their number, but that they would concur in an election for the purpose of supplying Poticary's place, which they had reserved for the scholar chosen by the company last year ; and that, if any other fellowship was vacated by St. Barnabas's Day, they would not refuse to fill it up nombers as your l~res ymporte. Notwithstanding for that wee wishe (what you write) that love and amytie might remayne and contynue betweene our two bodies so neerelie united as that (which your selves well note) a brother of the one was fownder and father of the other. These are to certifie you that wee have made choice of two of our seignior fellowes to be our electors, who, together with Mr. President or Mr. Vice- president shalbe readie (yf God will) to ioyne with you and your apposers at the tyme and place appointed. In the meane tyme, may it please you to understand that there is only Mr. Thomas Poticary his place directlie apperteyning to your schoole as yett void, which also in favour of your scholler wee have hetherto reserved, and then may be supplied, as heretofore was proposed. There are many more places voidable, yf fitt preferments were cast upon men abroade accordinge to their deserts, or they sent into the Lord's vyneyard, with that earnest penny which they desire, until! when here they must staye, and yett not altogether idle nor unprofitable. But non other there are (for ought wee knowe) that are like to be voided before that day, nor any that ought to be made void at all', so long as they shall observe the statuts of our good fownder, whom, in his fetherlie care over his adopted children, hath possessed" them here with a perpetuall fellowship. Neverthelesse, yf any other place shall happen to fall voyd before St. Barnabas day, which may be furnished out of your schoole, how 9oever wee might iustlie plead want of habilitie to staye any further elections for a season, yett shall wee be well content that your schollers enioy the benefits thereof that tyme. So willing wee are to stfayne our selves to satisfie you, soe readie shall wee be to ioyne with you to the performance of that dutie even to the hazard of our state, unneathes able to mayneteyne the nomfaer wherewith alreadie it is overcharged, as knoweth the Almightie, to whose tuicon and direction wee recomend you and- all your good purposes. From St. John's Colledge in Oxon, this xxviiith of May, 1595, " Your verie loving fiends, " Raphe Hutchinson, Prasid. Raphe Ravens, Thomas Wight, John Peryn, William Dixon, Anton. Gittens, Edwarde Bell- felde, Ellis Burgisse, Edward Sprott, Jeram Nasshe, J'eroitt Keyt." M13KCIIANT-TAYLORS- SCHOOL. 113 on the ground of their inability to support the charge of it. This letter, which was dated the 28th of May, was signed by Hutchen- son, Ravens, T. Wight, Perrin, Dixon, Gittens, Belfteld, Burgess * Sprott, Nasshe, and Keyt, and was delivered two days after to the master, by the president himself, in open court. Much dis- cussion took place, in the course of which the company insisted, that Poticary's fellowship had been surrendered in time last year, that in expectation of an election they had attended- with their" examiners, and that the absence of the president and fellows on the part of the college ought not to prejudice the right of the company or the preferment of their scholar ; and moreover, that* as Jones had continued at St. John's from the time they sent him thither to the present day, they considered him as actually sup* plying Poticary's place. The president, on the contrary, urged, that Poticary's fellowship was not vacant before St. Barnabas's Day, that the resignation had been refused to avoid all suspicion of corruption, and that the company could not elect without the college ; but that, as the place was now void, Jones should be sent back to stand the election. But the company were not to be driven from their resolution, and therefore, in conclusion of the debate, they declared that they considered Poticary's fellowship supplied by Jones, and that, unless some other vacancy occurred before election-day, they should abstain from proceeding to any election that year. On this, the president desired the court to take notice that the college were ready to proceed to an election on the usual day, and desired that the company's, answer might be delivered to him in writing; but this after deliberation was pru- dently refused,, apd very fortunately so, as, before the court broke up, they thought proper to change their resolution, and provide for an examination and dinner on St. Barnabas's Day, lest the *i " Elizaeus Btirgess> fqunderfs kin, was. admitted' M<. A. 1588, and Was afterwards presented, to^the vicarage of Downs-Tew, in the county of Oxford." — MS. account. Q 2 116 THE HISTORY OF president and fellows should, from some motive or other, come up unexpectedly, as they had done in 1592, and take advantage of there being no scholars or preparation for election.* And it was * " To this- courte resorted the woorshipfull Raphe Hutchinson, Presedent of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxford, and did deliver to our maister in open courte, a 1 re subscribed with the said president's owne name and the tenne seignior fellowes. " After the reading of which said l're, and after long debating and discoursing betweene the said Mr. President and this house, This company much standing upon and insisting that the said Mr. Poticary his place was by him surrendered and there- upon made void before St. Barnabas day last, as by several! l~res and other circum- staunces was very evident and did fullie appeare, and withall that this company attended at their schoole on St. Barnabas day last, accompanied with m~r Deane of Westrrfr and diverse, other lerned men, expecting the coming of Mr. President and the two seignior fellowes for the electing of a scholler in the place of the said Mr. Poticary, and for that the company had performed all duties which was by the statute of the fownder laid upon them, And the default was only in the said president and fellowes, Therefore this house (upon consideracon had to the said statute) being advised that the negligens of the said colledge could not preiudice the election and. priviledg of this house, they, with the direction and advise of the said lerned men,, proceeded to their election, and did elect and choose one John Jones, a very toward- lie scholler, in the place and steed of the said Mr. Poticary. After which said elec- tion, they sent him to the said colledge where he hath still remayned, and therefore this house made aunswere that for Mr. Poticarie's place, they accompt the same fulL and perfectlie supplied. Many other speeches and long discourses passed to and fro. betweene the said Mr. President and this howse, wherein this house did very much, inforce that Sir Thomas White was so provident and carefull in his fowndacon that he much respected and had greate care that his nomber of fiftie schoollers should be alwayes full without diminushion, and did leave sufficient to perforate and mainteyne' the same nomber. The performance and accomplishment whereof this house (in greats love and kindnes to so worthie a brother) did much perswade and desire. Whereunto Mr. President made aunswere that Mr. Poticarie's place was not void before St. Bar- nabas day, and that this house could not make any election without them, and that the supposed resignacon was by him refused to avoyd suspition of corrupt dealing.: And that nowe the same place is actuallie void, and that the said. Jones should be; sent back to our schoole, and they would ioyne with us in election. And touching the filling up of the nomber, they inforce a statute that they are not bownd to take any more then the revenue of their house will maynteyne, and withall doe urge the extremet-ie of this deare yere and other chardges and losses') to perswade that they,- merchant-Taylors' school. 1^7 well that they had taken this precaution; for, on the 11th of June, " before they had entered into any apposition, Mr. President of St. Johns and two seignior fellowes, viz. Mr. Doctor Gwyn and Mr. Ravens, being accompanied with diverse other of the fellowes of the said house," came into the chapel. They proceeded to ex- amine ten of the head scholars, and " after some good tyme spent are not well hable to fill their norober, and that yett they have sofarre sfrayned them- selves, that within two it hath ben full almost eleven yeres. And in thend, after much speeche, the said Mr. President detnaunded the resolucon of this house, touch- ing the said newe election, whereunto this house, upon full delib~acon, did aunswere, (as before,) That for Mr. Poticarie's place they accompted the same supplied and per- fectlie filled with the said Jones, And that if any other places, either alreadie were, or hereafter before St. Barnabas day should be void (yf they gave us notice thereof).- wee very willinglie would ioyne with them, in the election : otherwise they thinck it not convenyent to make any provision, or to gyve any meeting for any further election in roome and place of the said Mr. Poticary- Whereupon Mr. President did very preciselie advise us to take speciall notice of the offer of their, house to ioyne with us in. the said election, and did require and earnestlie move, that the aunswere of this house might be delivered him in writing, the which his demaund being, by generall- assent, put to the consideracon of this house, it was by scruteny and, most voices agreed that (in regard howe nyce they be in expownding, of wordes and interpreting of Tres) that the same aunswere shall only be delivered by word of mouth. And so the said Mr. President being advised and entreated by this house to have good regard to the performance of the good meaning of Sir Thomas White,, and to thinck upon a course for the ending of this controver'sie (the which' by meanes of the present sicknes of the Lord Bushopp of Winchester (the ordinary visitor of the colledg), could not by him be nowe determyned^), the said Mr. President departed. After whose departure this howse calling to remembrance the course heretofore houlden by the colledg when they themselves had written expresselie there was no place void, nor that they would come up to make an election, yet came they soddenlie up to London, and presented themselves at the schoole upon St. Barnabas day, being then on a Sunday, when there were no schollers there, therefore they were well warned to be vigilant and carefull, and so they appointed that the stewardes (to whom by course, and order it did apperteyne) should make provision for the feaste, and lerned men to. be invited by m~r Wardens, according to the accustomed manner only for the visiting, of the schoole, and apposing of the schollers, and because they will be sure the saidi colledge. shall not take them unprepared." — -See minutes of court, 30 May, 1595.- 118 THE HISTORY OF in the said appositions," preparation was made for dinner in the chapel. When dinner was finished, the examination was resumed ; afte,r which, much discussion arose, on all the points which had ever bee.n in contest between thecompany and the college. — " But, by the mediacon of Mr.Deane of Westufr, all was pacified." The other ex- aminers were Mulcaste.r, Saunderson,* and Phillips.^ The president and senior fellows agreed to admit Jones in the room of Poticary ; and that the boys might not be discouraged by no one of them being elected, they agreed further to admit Benjamin Bernard in the room of George White, one of the founder's kin.J An ac- * Probably Thomas Sanderson, Vicar of St. Laurence's, by Guildhall.— See New- court's Repertoriwn, v. i. p. 201, where, for 1564, read 1594, as the date of his admis- sion to that vicarage. t Probably Edward Philips, preacher at St. Saviour's, Southwark. — See. Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 322. % " xi June, 1595.— The said day, being St. Barnabas day, our maister, wardens, and assistents, (being accompanied and assisted by Mr. Deane of Westm~r, Mr. Mul- caster, Mr. Saunderson, and Mr. Phillips,) resorted to their grammer schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, and upon their first entrance into the schoole, two of the prin- cipal! schollers, viz. Barnard and Cleaton, did pronounce two severall orations. The which being ended, they resorted into the chappell for the apposition of the said schollers. But, before they had entered into any apposition, Mr. President of St. Johns, and two seignior fellowes, viz. M~r Doctor Gwyn and Mr. Ravens, being ac- companied with diverse other of the fellowes of the said house, likewise resorted and came into the said chappell. And so they proceeded to the apposition and examinacon of tenne of the principall schollers of the said schoole, whose names hereafter fol- lowe, viz. Barnard, Cleaton, Lawson, West, Hide, Wilkinson, T.uer, Jarfield, Parrys, and Wicksled. (The said Lawson before the said apposition pronouncing an oration in the said, chappell before all the said lerned men,) after which, and some good tyme spent in the said appositions, they all walked ffurth, and the tables in the chappell were layd and preparacon made for dynner, where Mr. President and seignior fellowes and diverse other schollers of St. Johns were lovinglie and kindlie enterteyned at dynner, (Mr. Hide and Mr. Hodgkins then being stewardes,) And dynner being ended the said schollers were eftsoones called into the said chappell, and the said lerned -men proceeded further in the apposing of the said schollers, and having eftsoones spent a good tyme therein, our maister demaunded of Mr. President what places were void, whereupon aunswere was made, and such further proceedings had as by the coppie MERCHANT-* AYLORS' SCHOOL. 119 count of all which proceedings was detailed in a letter from the company to the college on the 17th of June, and as six of the senior fellows had been present in the chapel at the election, there was no doubt entertained of Bernard's quiet admission on the Monday after St. John's Day.* of an instrument of election, and by the copie of a l~re sent to St. Johns, hereafter following, more plainlie appeareth. But, before any agreement or conclusion, diverse questions were made and greate scanning and descanrring upon the statute of election, and of the manner and forme how the said election ought to be made, and what stroke and power the presedent and seignior fellowes ought to have therein. But, by the mediacon of M~r Deane of WestTr, all was pacified. And the proceedings were in forme following, viz. " Memorandum, that this day being St. Barnabas day, the schollers of the grani- mer schoole of the company of inerchaunttailers of the fraternitie of St. John Baptist, in the cittie of London, were examined and apposed in the pre^ens of the m~r, war- dens, and assistents, of the said merehaunttailers, by the woorshipfull and lerned men who have hereunto subscribed their names, out of which nomber certen Were fowrid meete to have ben preferred to the colledge of the iiniversitie of Oxford, called St. John Baptist Colledg ; but there being at this tyrhe but one place void, there was chosen by the m~r and wardens, with the consent of the assistents of the Same com- pany, together with the assent and consent of the president and two seignior fellowes of the said colledg at this election, Benjamin Barnard to supplie the place in the said colledg presentlie void. M~r and Wardens. Assistents* JohnChurchman,M>.-yRob«- Dbw. ^ Memorandum that Robart Hampson. f Rob'- Htiwes. I the said Benjamin* Thomas AHworth. f Henry Offley. I Bernard was elect- Roger Heyley. 3 Nicholas Spencer. I Dignusest. ^ ed and chosen in: George Sotherton. Gabrah: Goodman. ( P laCe of George Olyver Rowe. > Richard Mulcaster. J- White. Richard ErocMter. I _ TI .. „ ~. . , TT .. I Ka. Hutchinson, Frees. Kichard Venables. I _, , _, Will- Craven. I ' MatthewGwvn - TT7 . , _, 1; Raph. Ravens." Walt, Plummer. I r Richard Shepham. ) * " To the woorshipfull our loving frends Mr. Raphe Hutchinson, president of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxford, and to the seignior fellowes of the same house. " After our very hartie comendacons, &c. according to our usuall and accustomed 120 THE HISTORY OF One of the seniors however, a man of an intriguing disposition, thought this a fair opportunity of throwing the college into con- fusion, and making himself the head of a party in it. He, and the juniors who supported him, complained that the president manner, wee kept our day for apposition of our schollers upon St. Barnabas day last, at which tyme being assisted for thexaminacon of our schollers by diverse lerned men, for our better direction in our choice and election, wee were advised by the said lerned men that diverse of our schollers were fitt and apt to be sent to the universitie; but, being informed at the first by Mr. President and the two seignior fellowes that Mr. Poticaries place was only unfurnished, and remembring that (upon notice gyven to us the last yere of the vacation of the said place) wee, upon St. Barnabas day was twelvemonth (by the like advise of lerned men) proceeded to the election and nomi- nacon of John Jones then a scholler of our schoole for the supplie of the said Mr. Poticaries place, and for that there wanted nothing to make our election complete but only your assents and consents, wee have nowe upon this last St. Barnabas day thought good for the avoiding of controversie betweene us and you, and in commis- seracon of the poore scholler (who otherwise should be destitute of all hope of prefer- ment from our schoole) to desire Mr. President and the Seignior fellowes here present to gyve their assent and consent unto our election of him, whereunto, in loving and frendlie sort, they yelded, for the which wee hartelie thanck them. And for that wee fownd our schooleboyes very much daunted and discouraged, fearing that non of them should receave any preferment this last St. Barnabas day, wee did very earnestlie deale with Mr. President and the rest of the fellowes present to thinck upon some course for an election at this tyme. And being in thend advertized that the place of one George White, a kinsman, (as wee heare) to your fownder was then voyd, wee delt very earnestlie with the said Mr. Presedent and the rest of your fellowes that the place of the said White (in regard that non of the fownders kindred did nowe clayme the same) might for this tyme be converted to the benefite of our schoole. Where- untO; at our instance and by the perswasion of Mr. Deane of WestuTr aad others (in thend), they condiscended. And therupon proceeding to»a newe election, wee have made choice (with their assent and consent) of one Beniamin Barnard, reco- mended unto us by the judgment of the said lerned men our appositors, to be most fitt for the supplie of that place. It resteth nowe that suche course may be contynued (the which we hartelie desire) that a perpetuall unytie may remayne and abide be- twc-ene yow and us, according to the good meaning of your worthie founder our worshipfull and loving brother to the encouragement and raysing.up of other bene- fa< , ).s towardes your house. And so recomending the said. schollers to your loving' c-ucs and good favours, and you and all your studies and labors to the blessing of the MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 121 and his party had violated the statutes, and injured (the founder's kin, by choosing a boy from Merchant-Taylors' " to supply the roome voyded by a kinsman." And as the see of Winchester was vacant at this time by the recent death of Bishop Wickham» the complaint w^s addressed to the Archbishop of Canterbury,* who wrote to the college, requiring them so to proceed as not to pre- judice the founder's kin. On the receipt of his grace's letter, Gwinne, who had been one of the apposers at the election, was sent to London to prevail on the Dean of Westminster and some of the company to go with him to Lambeth to inform the Arch- bishop of the real state of the case, and procure his approbation of what had been done. Accordingly, on the 8th of July, Gwinne appeared before the court, when a deputation was ap- pointed, and the next day, at three o'clock, was fixed for the in- terview. Gwinne urged, on the part of the president and senior fellows, that none of them knew of any founder's-kin candidate, and that no such candidate having given notice of his claim before St. Barnabas's day, they conceived themselves justified in supplying the place of a kinsman, by a youth from Merchant- Taylors'. Cosin,-j- the official of the court of arches, then deli- Almightie, who prosper the same to his glorie and your owne preferments wee take our leave. " Marchauntaylers hall, the xviith of June, 1595. " Your verie loving and assured frends, John Churchman, M"r. robaet hampson. Thomas AlIjwoeth. Roger Heyley." * John Whitgift, who filled the archiepiscopal see from 1583 to 1604. For an account of his numerous charities, see the article Whitgift, in the Biographia Britannica. f " Ric. Cosin was Chancellor of Worcester, and after that was made Judg of the Court of Audience, Dean of the Pec uliars, and Vicar^General Jo the Archbishop, Decern. 10, 1583, by Archbishop Whitgift, also omcial^ofJhe^urt^fArches ; but R 122 THE HISTORY OF vered his opinion. After which his grace was' pleased to express his satisfaction at the conduct of the company:, but censured the president and fellows for keeping the resignation secret for awhile^ and then publishing it suddenly at the election ; nor would he, though very unwilling to displace the boy who had been elected,* when made so I cannot find ; only by other instruments it appears he was so in 1590. He was a man of great erninency in the civil law.": — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 445. * " To this courte resorted Mr. Doctor Gwyne, one of the two seignior fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxford, which was . chosen by the colledge to be presente upon St. Barnabas day last at our election, and did signifie unto this house that some one of the seigniors tickling and entituling the junior sorte in their elections (which only appertayneth unto the tenne seigniors) have with very much tumult and disorder practized and gone aboute to ympugne and ympeach the late election made at our schoole, and for their better mayntenance procured Ties from my L. of Cant, his grace upon untrewe informacon that the presedente and seignior fellowes com- byning themselves to the great preiudice of the fownders kindred, and infringinge of his statuts, have ioyned with our company in the choice of one of our scholle.rs to supply the roome voyded by a kinsman, whereupon my L. of Cant, his grace did require the said presedente and fellowes soe to proceed tn that election that the nominacDn of a scboller out of the Mercbantailors schoole be not preiudiciall to the* fownders kindred. But the said presedente and. fellowes being well p'erswaded that they had done nothing but that which was fully and sufficiently warranted by their statuts, aswell for that upon conference with six of the principall seigniors of their house (being presente at the Merchantailors schoole; upon St. Barnabas day last) upon these two speciall points : ffirst, whether any of them knewe of any of the kindred which would stand at that election,' whereof non of them had any understandinge. Secondly, whether not giving notice thereof before St. Barnabas day, they might not, withoute breache of statuts or preiudice to the kindred, supply a place resigned by one of them, with one of. our schollers for that tyme, of which they all agreed. Therefore, after much contention and stirr between them in thend they perfected the eleccon of our scholler, whose admission only they respeited for 'some fewe dayes, partly to appease the fury of those factious heads, but especially that, in the meane tyme, my Lord of Cant, his grace (who seemeth to have some jurisdiction over them fsede Winton vacante) might be procured upon some better informacon to ratine our and their proceedings, and to check the disorders of such insolente and wilfull yon»e men. And for that purpose did wishe that Mr. Deane of West~r, and some of our company would vouchsafe to informe his grace aright in the cause. Wheretinto this house did very willinglie assente to give all the furtherance and helpe they mighu MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 123 finally decide on the business till some of the kin came before him. At length it was agreed, that the next Merchant-Taylors' fel- lowship that should be vacated should be filled up by one of the founder's kindred. But, though this arrangement tended to correct, the irregularity recently committed, it proportionably diminished the likelihood of any election taking place for the benefit of the School in 1596. However, when the usual season arrived, the company did not omit to remind the college of the approach of St. Barnabas's day.* The president and fellows declined coming to town, but, in the letter which they wrote on the 17th of May, (signed by Hutchenson, Perrin, Belfielde, Rainsbye, Keyte,Wighte, Dixon, Nashe, Sprott, and Burgess,) took occasion to solicit assist- ance from the company, towards finishing the library which they had begun to form.-f- ' And for that purpose our uTr, Mr. Dow, Mr. Hawes, Mr. George Sotherton, and Mr. Warden Hampson, are entreated to accompany Mr. Deane of West~r, (who hath already promised to take the paynes) and Mr. Doctor Gwyne to Lambeth to my Lord of Cant, his grace tomorrowe, at three of the clocke in thafternoone, for the purpose and entente aforesaide. At which tyme they all mett together before my Lord of Cant, his grace, and did rightly inform him of the mannor of their proceedings in the eleccon. But M~r Doctor Cossins, to whome my Lords grace had referred the hearing and examinacon thereof, did at lardge discourse unto his lordship his opinion therein. Whereunto my lord conceyved a very gratious and honorable opinion of our proceedings, and did not any way ympute any faulte in us. But did very much ympeache and except against the presedente and fellowes for keeping the resignacon of the fownders kinsman so secrett, and for publishing it upon the sudden, and for that those that prosecute for the fownders kindred were absente, his grace did deferr the further examinacon thereof until} both sides were together. And only, appointed the said M~r Doctor Gwyne. And that none of our company neede to trouble them- selves ; for that nothing could be obiected against our proceedings, but only against the presedent and fellowes, who are sw'orne to observe their statutes. Neverthelesse, it seemed that the scholler so elected was not to be displaced/'^See minutes of court, 8 July, 1595. * See minutes of court, 29 March, 1596. + " To the Fre sent to St. Johns, in Oxon, against St. Barnabas day, the college sent an answer in these words. R % 124 THE HISTORY OF It had been determined by the company that there should be an examination on the 1 1th of June. And, therefore, about eight o'clock in the morning of that day, the Deans of Westminster and Rochester,* accompanied by Hutchenson, Playfere,*j~ Mulcaster, Fermyn, Harland,J Jarfield,§ and other neighbouring clergymen, came to the school. Immediately after their arrival, four of the head " To the right woorshipfull our very loving ffrends the m~r, wardens, and assistants,. of the Merchaunttailors Company, at their comon hall, London, give these. " Right worshipfull our very harty comendacons premised, We have receaved your l~res, whereby yow desire to be certified aswell of the names of our electors, as of the number of such plages as are void. But, forsomuch as there is neither one place nor other avoided since our last election, and for that if but one should happen to fall void before St. Barnabas day next, the same were to be supplyed by our ffownders kynred, (who doe expect the same) according to our mutual! agreament the last yere, we have forborne to make choice of any electors for this tyme, otherwise we shalbe ready to joyne with yow upon any opportunity for the performance of our good ffownders ordynance and contynewance of all good love and amyty betweene our two bodies," even so hartely desiring yow and evry of yow (as God shall move your mynds and as occasion is now offered) to afford your helpinghands towards the fynishing of our begun library, a worck worthy so woorshipfull a company, and. a monument mete to be left to posterity. We recomend our motion to yowr godly consideracon, and yow all to the grace of Almighty God. St. John Baptist Golledge in Oxon, the xviith of May, 1596. « Y~r very loving ffrends, Raphe Huchenson, Preed. John Perin. Jerom Keyte. Jerom Nashe. Edward Bellfelde. Thomas Wyghte. Epward Sprott. George Rainsbe, William Dixon. Ellise Burgess." * Thomas Blague, D.D. was installed Dean of Rochester 1st Feb. 1591. He died in October, l6ll. For a further account of him, see Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 124. •f Dr. Thomas Playfere, Margaret professor of divinity at Cambridge. — See Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 152. '"'• "j; Robert Harland, minister of St. Mary's, Alderrhanbury. — -See Newcourt's Reper- torium, v. i. p. 918. § Jonas Jerfield, rectoi or St. Mary Abchurch, from 1582 to 1597, when he died. — ■See Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 432. merchant-Taylors' school. 125 scholars delivered orations. Then followed the examination, and at twelve " preparacon was made for dynner." The " learned men" were anxious to proceed to an election ; but the company very prudently abstained from a measure so unwarrantable, under ex- isting circumstances.* However, in June, 1597 » the school received ample recompense * " xi June, 1596. Memorandum, that the day and yere abovesaid, the stewards, by order and course, viz. Thomas Henshawe and Anthony Holmeade, did make pro- vision for the schoole dynner in very liberall and plentiful manner, And, albeit there was litle or no hope of any election, yet, because the company would not be unpro- vided, if any election should happen, and to thend the company might understand, how the schollers did proffett in learning, and how the said schoole was governed, M~r Wardens, fowre or five dayes before St. Barnabas day, did invyte to the appo- sition and examinacon of the schollers and to dyne at the said schoole, The Lord- Bushop of Winchester, Mr. Deane of Westminster, Mr. Doctor Ridley, Mr. Doctor Huchenson, Mr. Mulcaster, Mr. Abraham Hartwell, Mr. Phillips, and Mr. Camden, who all did promise to come; but divers of them having other occasions failed in coming, and others, which were not generally invited by the wardens, but by some particular frends were presente, so as upon St. Barnabas daye, the place was furnished with these learned men, viz. Mr. Deane of WestnTr, Mr. Deane of Rochester, Mr. Doctor Huchenson, Mr. Doctor Playfere, Mr. Mulcaster, Mr. Ffermyn, Mr. Har- land, and Mr. Jarfield, and divers other learned men, all or most of which did dyne, and were lovingly entertayned at the said schoole, and most of them came to the schoole aboute eight of the clock in the morning, ymediately after whose comyng in the open schoole these fower principal! schollers, viz. Theophilus Tuer, James Clea- ton, Peter Lawson, and Sampson West, did pronounce severall orations, viz. Tuer and Lawson orations in Latyne, and Cleaton and West Greek orations, after which they resorted into the parlor, whe're first the said principall schollers were apposed and examined in Greake and Latyne, And, likewise, the schollers of the second forme were examined, and then it drew nere twelve of the clock, and the tables were covered, and preparacon was made for dynner ; and after dynner Mr. Deane of WestnTr, and other learned men, finding the towardlines of divers of the schollers, did earnestly wish that an election might be made. But, forasmuch as the colledg had advertized that there was noe place void, and forasmuch as the presidente and seignior fel- lowes were absente, to whose certificate the company gave credyt, they did not thinck . it reasonable or conveneyent to mak any election at this tyme." — See minutes of court. 126 THE HISTORY OF for its forbearance. No fewer than* three vacancies had occurred before the day ; and, after the company had assembled in the chapel, Fermyn offered to resign in favour of a particular boy. But the president would not accept his resignation, till he had withdrawn the condition annexed to it. Which being done, they proceeded to the election, which, after a little hesitation on the part of the president and fellows, who claimed a negative, fell upon James Cleaton, Peter Lawson, Sampson West, and Richard Jarfiekl ; the last of whom was the boy for whom Fyrmin had interested himself, and whose father was lately deceased.* * " xi June, 1597. Memorandum that, according to the auncient and usual manner of this company, the m~r and wardens, about three weekes before St. Barnabas day, did by their Ties put the colledg in remembrance of the same day; and upon Si. Bar- nabas day the stewards, by order and course, viz. William Albany and John Wooller, two of the lyvery of this company, did very bountifull provision for the schoole dyn- ner, unto which dynner, and for the apposition and examinacon of our schollers, the fowre wardens of this company did, fowre or fyve dayes before, invite these learned men following, viz. Mr. Doctor Goodman, Deane of Westm~r, Mr. Doctor Graunt, Mr. Doctor Andrewes, Mr. Doctor Cotton, Mr. Doctor Hutchinson, Mr. Cambden, Mr. Hooker, Mr. Ffeiton, but many of them failed; and of those that were invited there came only the Deane of WestrrTr and Doctor Hutchinson, who tooke paynes (on the companies behaulf) in the apposing and examinacon of the schollers, upon which said day (according to the statuts of Sir Thomas White) the president of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxford, and two of the seignior fellowes of the said house, viz. Mr. Docter Latewarr and Mr. Will" 1, Dixon, repaired and came to the said schoole, presently upon whose comyng fowre of the pryncipall schollers of the said schoole did pronounce severall orations, viz. William Juxon and Sampson West, orations in Latine, and James Cleaton and Peter Lawson orations in Greeke, wbere- unto Mr. Doctor Latewarr made a very learned and grave speech or aunswere ; the which being ended the purpose of the appositors was to have examined the severall formes to see how the schollers throughout the whole schoole did profett in learning. But, forasmuch as it was a thing unexpected, either to the schoolem~r or schollers, and for that the schollers using to make the same a hollyday had left their books at home, therefore they made a very short apposition of the inferior schollers for this present tyme, and then went into the chappell, where these eleven principall schollers were at lardg, and thoroughly apposed and examined, viz. Peter Lawson, James Clea- ton, Sampson, West Theophilus Tuer, Richard Jarfield, John Wicksteed, Edward merchant-Taylors' school. 127 It does not appear that any undue influence was used to pro- cure the election of Jarfield. But even the few; circumstances, which have come down to us, sufficiently prove the wisdom of Groome, William Juxon, Lawrence Baker, Edmond Juxon, and Raph Mapledore. After which appositions this theame was given unto them, viz. Ingenio acquiritur pru- dentia, non estate, fyve to defend estate, and six ingenio. And then they rose up, and pre- paracon was made and the tables covered fordynner, And after dynner the said schollers were called in agayne, and did severally deliver exercises upon the said theame, upon consideracon had whereunto, by the said learned men, it was agreed that the company should proceed to their election, and then the president and two seignior fellowes were demanded how many places were voyd, who made answere that when they came forth, of the colledg there were only three places voyd, viz. one of the places of Mr. Richard Warren, lately deceased, and by his death accruyng to this company, and two others, but, sithence they came into the chappell this present day, Mr. Ffyrmyn, one of the fellowes, upon hope to doe good to Richard Jarfield, one of our schollers now ap- posed, and to thend he might be preferred, did offer a resignacon, The which Mr. President said he woulde- not allowe nor accept unlesse the same were delivered freely and absolutely, and that thereupon Mr. Ffirmyn left the same to his consideracon. The which Mr. President referreth wholly to the good consideracon of this bowse, only comending the said Jarfield to the favourable consideracon of this company ; whereupon, by the advise of the said learned men, these eight, viz. James Cleaton, Peter Lawson, Sampson West, Theophilus Tuer, Richard Jarfield, John Wicksteed, Edward Groome, and William Juxon, were put to election, and by scruteny and most voices the election did fall upon these foure, viz. James Cleaton, Peter Lawson* Sampson West, and Richard Jarfield, as the most meete and fittest schoUers to supply the said roomes then presently voyd. To which election and scruteny the president and seignior fellowes refused to give their single voyces and pricks in such manner as our m~r, wardens, and assistents, did, but pretended they had a negative. The which, by the company was utterly denyed, and in thend they all with one assent agreed to the said election, saving that the president and seignior fellowes did much dowbt that, without the goodnes of this company, and the ayde of some particuler woorshipfull freends and well-hoped patrons, that the father of the said Sampson West was not able to make sufficient supply (to the allowance of the eolledg) for the inayntenance of his said sonne, for that seaven pownds per annum for some of the first- yeres will hardly defray that chardg. And' be it noted and remembred that, at the tyme-of the said ele'ction^ an act of parliament, made anno tricesimo primo Domina; Regina; Eliz., cap. vi. being entituled An Act against Abuses in Election of Schollers, &p. and the orders and statuts of Sir Thomas White concerning the election were publickly redd according to the purport and trewe meaning of.the said act of parliament." — See minutes., of court. 128 THE HISTORY OF Elizabeth's government, in agreeing to the passing of an act against abuses in the election of scholars. And it is remarkable that, though that act had been passed eight years, this was the first occasion on which it had been publickly read at the time of election. As for West, considerable apprehension was entertained that his father, who was one of the officers of the company, would not be able to supply what was wanting beyond the college-allow- ance for his necessary support. But no sooner was an appeal made to the goodness of the court than they granted him an exhibition of forty shillings per annum.* Nor let any one treat such a boon as contemptible and paltry. So much higher was the value of money in the reign of Elizabeth that an annual pension of eight pounds, in addition to the emoluments attached to a scholarship, was sufficient for a young man's comfortable maintenance at the university. In 1598 there were four vacancies, which were filled up with Edmond Jackson, Edward Groome, John Wicksted, and William Juxon ; and, as it was not improbable that another vacancy might take place before the Monday after St. John's Day, Theophilus Tuer was chosen to supply it, on the understanding that if the vacancy did not happen, the company were to bear the expense of his continuing at college till the following year.-j- * " x Aug. 1597. — There is graunted at this court unto Sampson West, student of St. John's Colledg, in Oxford, and sone of Richard West, the bacheler's clerck, an exhi- bicon of fforty shillings per annum, which was lately payde unto one Roberte Wall who hath given over his study. The same to be payde unto the said West during the pleasure of this howse, and the first payment to begine when the payment to the said Rob te Wall ceased." Other exhibitions were voted to this young man, 23 June, 1598-9, and Sept. 1599, " on the comendacon of Mr. President and seignior fellowes." f "St. Barnabas- Eve) & V1598. St. Barnabas-Day. } " Forasmuch as St. Barnabas-Day did this yere fall upon the sabaoth-day, therefore the m~r and wardens, about three weeks before the day, by their Tres to the president MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1^9 Thus' encouraged to pursue their studies, by the ample elections which hstd lately occurred, the boys glowed wUhat general emulation. and seignior fellowes of St. John's Colledg, did putt them in remembrance of a cer- tain decree made betweene the colledg and the company upon the like occasion, when St. Barnabas- Day happened upon a sabaoth-day, bearing date the xiiiith of June, 1592. And, according to the same decree, the company and Mr. Ralph Hut- chinson, the president, and two of the seignior fellowes, viz. M~r Doctor Bu'ckeridge and Mr. Serchfield, mett at the schoole Upon Saturday, being St. Barnabas-Eve, by eight of the clock in the morning. The company being assisted for their apposition*' by M"r Doctor Goodman, Deane of Westnfr, and M~r Doctor Ffryer, whome the wardens, about fyve dayes before St. Barnabas-Day, envited for that purpose, and certen others being entreated and promised made default in their appearance. Where- upon presently, upon the comyng of the said lerned men, fowre of the pryncipall schollers of the said schoole did pronounce severall orations, viz. Theophilus Tuef, John Wicksted, Edward Groome, and William J uxon ; whereunlo M"r D octor Buc- keridge made a very learned and grave speech or answere. The which being ended, they went into the chappell where these twelve pryncipall schollers were at large, and thoroughly apposed' and examined, viz. Theophilus Tuer, John Wicksted, Edward Groome, William Juxon, Laurence Baker, Edmond Jackson, Thomas Downer, Johta Burnell, Joseph Billiris, Audrean Thorp, John Barry, and Rowland Juxon. After which appositions a theame was given unto them to make exerteyses upbn agaynst the afternoone. And then they rose up and preparacon was made, and the tables co- vered for dynner, whereupon, the said Eve of St. Baniabas (being Sunday) the ste- wards, by order and coui-se, viz. George Lydiott and Frauneis Evington, twfo of the lyvery made Very bountifull provision for the schdole-dynner, and, after dynner, the said schollers were called in agayne and did severally de'liver 1 exercises upon their said theame, after, which divers schollers of the iufmour formes were examined. And they fully resolved, according to the decree before mehconed, to deferr thelec- tion and nominacon of thb said sdhollers until! the next day after, being Sunday, which was St. Barnabas-Day. On which day, 1 ymediately after dynner, they all repaired to the said chappell, and agreed that the compaiiy should proceed to their election without any further apposing of the said schollers. At and before the tyiiie of which said election an act of parliament entituled, An Act against Abmes in Elec- tion of Schoilers, &c. made anno 31° Domihae Regime Eliz. cap. vi t0 and the orders and statuts of Sir Thomas White concerning thelection were publiquely redd, accord- ing to the purporte and true meaning of the said act of parliament. And then the president and two seignior fellowes were demanded htiw many places were voide, who made answere that, when they came forth of the colledg, there were only four places void. Whereupon, by the advise of the said learned men, these six, viz. Edmond 130 THE HISTORY OF The tediousness of the master's task was lessened by the ambition of his scholars. And yet this was the time selected by Smith for his departure from the school.— Unattracted by the increasing popularity of Merchant-Taylors', he turned his thoughts to the service of the church, and communicated his intentions to Wat- son, Bishop of Chichester,* who recommended William Hayne, Master of Arts, as a proper person to succeed him. The prin- cipal members of Christ's College, in Cambridge, did the same, and •so* did the Dean of Westminster. Recommendatory letters from all these reverend persons were read at a court on the 19th of May, 1599, and it was plainly to be foreseen that they would eventually influence the election. But there were two considera- tions which somewhat embarrassed the Company at this conjunc- ture. On the one hand their scholars at St. John's looked for Jackson, Edward Groome, Theophilus Tuer, John Wicksted, William Juxon, and Laurence Baker, were putto election. And by scruteny and most voices the election did absolutely fall upon these fowre, Edmond Jackson, Edward Groome, John Wick- sted, and William Juxon. And forasmuch as it is well hoped that one other place would fall voyd, before the Munday after Midsomer-Day, there was further elected for supply thereof Theophilus Tuer ; and, if noe place shall fall voide before the same day, then the -eompany have promised to allow for his mayntenance as an other scholler of the said colledg untill the next election. All which being fynished, and the bill indented concerning the said election being made and subscribed, the said stewards presented them with wyne and cakes, the which was well liked and accepted, and so they brake up and departed." * " Anth. Watson, D.D. of Cambridge, son of Edward Watson, of Thorp-Hales, in the county palatineof Durham, and he, the son of William Watson, of the same place. Which Anthony was first chancellour of the church of Wells, in the place of Dr. Rog. Goad ; afterwards dean of Bristow on the death of John Sprint, in 1590, and, in 1596, consecrated bishop of Chichester. This Dr. Watson, who spent his life in celibacy, gave way to fate at his house in Cheame, or Chegham, in Surrey, being then almoner to K. James I. whereupon his body was buried in the church there on , the third day of Oct. 1605. By his last will and testament he gave an hundred pounds to Christ's College, in Cambridge, where he had been educated before he became fellow of Bennet-College, and divers other legacies for pious uses." — Wood's Afhenm, v.i. p. 717- MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 131 a t preference, and on the other their chief usher had a claim by statute, which they could not deprive him of without declaring him incompetent. However, the difficulty was got rid of by pay- ing a civil compliment to one and a bad compliment to the other. To the former it was said that every good scholar was not a good schoolmaster, and to the latter that they doubted of his fitness. But, from respect to the statute, they allowed the usher to be put in nomination with Hayne, and some must have voted for him, since Hayne is said to have been chosen by " most voyces." How far the unsuccessful candidate was really insufficient, or how far the election was carried to his prejudice, by the powerful recom- mendations on the other side, cannot now be known. But to the event of this election, as to a precedent, are to be traced those other instances of superseding the candidate under the statute, which have too often occurred in the history of Merchant-Taylors', with all the train of jealousies and enmities attendant on wounded, if not injured, feelings. When the election was over, Smith was sent for and acquainted with the name of his successor. No particular day was fixed for his retiring. He was only requested to take care of the school during his continuance,* which he did till after St. Barnabas's * " ,xix May, 1 599- — Att this court was ppenly redd a Tre from the reverend father in God the Lord Bushop of Chichester, and an other l~re from Christ's Colledg, in Cambridge, under- the hands of dyverse of the chiefest of the said howse, and a third Tie from M~r Doctor Goodman, Deane of WestnTr, all in the favor of Mr. William Heane, M~r of Arts, recomending him as a very sufficient and fitt man to exercise the roome and place of the cheif schoole-m~r of our gramer-schoole att St. Lawrence-Povvntney's, and withall gyving us to understand that Mr. Smyth, the present cheif scholenfr, had .long sithence taken upon him the minigtery, and did mynde to leave his place of teaching, wherpf the company did in some sorte take nptyce of before. And, therefore, at this courte did advise and resolve with them- selves what was fitt to be done therein. In which their resolucon they were not, only myndfullof St. Johns .CoJJedg in Oxon, but also of their chief ussher. Yett, foras- much as upon dewe consideracon, it was advised that every good scholler was not a s 2 13'J THE HISTORY OP Da}-, when an examination of the scholars took place, but no election ;* and a little before Midsummer he resigned his charge with a consciousness on his part of having done his duty, and an acknowledgement on the part of his patrons that they approved of his conduct.-f- During the seven years which good schoolenTr ; and therefore, to elect any one from tbence, whereof they never had any experjenpe, nor could receave any comendacon, they thought it not fitt. And also having well considered of the ussher, they dowted he was np,t a fitt man to have, the rule and goverment of such a place.- Yett they agreed, in respect cf the ordynance of the schoole, to putt him in the eleccon. But, by scrutynie and most yoyqes, the eleccon did fall upon the said William Heane. — And thereupon the said Mr. Smyth, the chief schoolenTr, was sent for, and upon conference with him could not denye his resolucon to undertake the ministery. And then the cpmpany made him acquainted that they had made eleccon of Mr. Heane to succeede him in his place, and per- ceyving his resolucon not to contynewe long, they did forbeare to gyve him any sett daye to begone, but prayed him so long as he did contynewe, to take specyall care of the goverment of the schoole." — See minutes of court. * " June, 1599. Memorandum, this yere there was not any schollers sent from our schoole toSt.Johns Colledg, neither came M~r President, nor any of the seignior fellowes, up to our schoole on St. Barnabas-day, because there was not any place void, as by their Fres appeared. And yett the company (according to former orders) held it very convenyent to appose their schollers the same daye, and invited dy verse lerned men for the same purpose. And stewards were appoynted, and a dinner was as amply pro- vided as yf an eleccon had ben." — See minutes of court. f " Att this court was openly redd the peticon or request of Mr. Edmond Smyth, late schoolenTr of the companies gramer schoole at St. Lawrence Powntneys, the tenor whereof followeth in these words, viz. " To the right worshipfull the m~r, wardens, and assistents, of the Marchantailors. " My most humble suite and request unto the wor. company is this, that whereas my owne conscience doth witnes, that J have taken greate labor and paynes in your Schoole this eleyen yeres, and never was any way chargeable unto you, it would please your worshipps now at the leaving of it, which I doe this day (resigning it wholy into your hands) to have some consideracoti of me, not for that (I thanck God) I am in any such neede or want, but that it might be a testimony unto myself and others that my labor was well thought of and accepted among you, For my parte, yf you shall contrybute any thing to my first fruicts, which are xxiiii 1 '- or bestowe any other gra- tuity upon me* be yt never so litle in token of your good will and frendshipp, thus much I will promyse that what I can advise my successor, by reason of myne expe- MERCHANT-TAy^ORs' SCHOOL. 133 lie had presided over this seminary, (after having served it as head usher for four years immediately preceding,) he educated several boys who rose to the highest honours in the church, such as Boyle, Dee, and Juxon. Besides whom there were many others, who, though less fortunate in their promotions, added to the character of a school, which the reader will bear in mind had as yet subsisted but thirty-eight years, and had notwithstanding already given fair promise of rivalling, in the publick estimation, older foundations, superiour in patronage and endowment. i rience, for the benefit t of the schoole, or yf hereafter I may any waye pleasure any of you in particular, I shalbe most ready to performe both thone and.tbother, ac- compting myself most happy in this, that my labor was well accepted among those to whom I ought to approve it, and that as you have ben kinde unto me the tyme of my being here, so ypw did nqt fprgett it att my departure. " Your worshipps bownden orator, " Ed. Smyth. " Upon consideracon had whereunto, the company have freely and lovingly be- stowed upon him the some of vi a - xiii sh - iiii d - Aud also doe gyve unto him the some of iii 1 ' - xiii sh - iiii d - for certen hangings or painted clothes remayning in the two uppef chambers, which the stewards doe use att the eleccon on St. Barnabas day, wherewith the said Mr. Smyth was well satisfied,, and did shewe himself very thanckfijll for the same."— -See minutes of court, 19 June, 1599. 154 THE HISTORY OF .! -,. CHAPTER II. The Masterships of Hayne, Gray, Edwards, Staple, and Dugard, containing the Space of Sixty-Two Years. THE first election under the new master was in June, 1600, and was to have been graced with the presence of the Bishop of Win- chester.* But other engagements of a more pressing nature obliged him to decline the invitation. And from the irregular proceedings which took place, it is not to be regretted that his lordship was absent, as he could not have approved the manner in which the business was conducted, and yet might not have chosen to interfere in a summary way by exercising his visitato- rial power on the spot, which, nevertheless, it is highly probable the ardent spirit of Dean Goodman, who was present, would not have scrupled to call for.-f- After the examination before the Dean, * Dr. Thomas Bilson, who " carried prelature in his very aspect," was Bishop of Winchester, from 1597 to 1615. His life may be seen at large in the Biographia Britannica. f " Upon request and mocon of Mr. Deane of WestnTr, it is at this court thought fitt and soe agreed, the Lo. Bishop of. Winchester being the visitor of St. Johns Col- ledg in Oxon (yf his Lo p - shall come to town in convenient time) shalbe invited by our rrTr and wardens, and entreated to dyne at our companies gramar schoole, in St. Lawrence Powntneys, upon St. Barnabyis daye next, to thentent that his lordship maie be an eye witnes of the great costs and charges which the coinpanie bear in sup- porting and mayntayning the said schoole, and howe the comepanie endevor and desyre noe more, but that the true entent and meaning of Sir Ths. White maie be iustlie and truelie observed and performed." — See minutes of court, 24 May, 1600. merchant-Taylors' school. 135 Grant, Andrewes, Hutchenson, Camden,* Milward, Fletcher, Childerley,-|~ Smith, and others, the president and fellows informed the company that there were two places actually void, and one or two likely to be void ; and that, besides those, if the company would present one of the fellows to the vacant living of St. Mar- tin's Outwich,^ another place would be vacated. The fact is, the members of the college were anxious to secure the election of a particular boy, whose relative had been a benefactor to their * The learned William Camden, who had recently resigned the head-mastership of Westminster School, and whose life may be seen in the Biogrnphia Britannicti. — Of most of the others I have spoken already. t " Joh. Childerley was of St. John's College, Oxon. While he was junior fellow of that house, he became preacher to the English merchants at Stode, and after his return became successively chaplain to Rjchard^Archbishop of Canterbury, and after- wards to George his successor, was admitted rectoraTStr Mary W oolnoth, May 14, 1599, and of this church (St. Dunstan's in the East) June 23, l606, (having taken doc- tor of divinities degree May 2, 1603,) and also rector of Shenfield in Essexj but the time of his admission appears not. He was in his time a very eminent and frequent preacher, and learned divine ; but blind of age and continual labour, several years before his death ; notwithstanding which, he suffered much in the times of the rebel- lion, and was outed of this parish by the restless Presbyterians, and whether he kept Shenfield (my author saith) he cannot tell; he died very aged in 1645, (being then 66 years since his first coming to St. John's College,) and was buried either in the chancel of St. Dunstan's or that of Shenfield. I am apt to think he kept Shenfield till his death, for thereby that church became void before the 19th of January, 1645." — Newcouri's Repertorium, v. i. p. 334. J " The patronage of St. Martin's Outwich was conveyed to the Linen' Armourers' (now Merchant-Taylors') Company by John Churchman, for William and John Otes- wich, by licence of Henry IV. in the 6th year of his reign." — See Stow's Survey, b. ii. p. 118. The antient manner of presenting to this living was very remarkable. The company requested four doctors of divinity resident in London, two of whom had been graduated at Oxford, and two at Cambridge, to recommend each a candidate of his own university, and of the four so recommended the company presented one. But, whether this method was pointed out by the original grant, or originated from the pious modesty of the citizens in those times, distrusting their own judgment in a mat- ter of such importance I have not inquired. I only know that this method was discon- tinued about the time of the great rebellion, and has not been resorted to since. 136 THE HISTORY Of library ; and, when they found that he was not likely to succeed, they had recourse to the old claim of a negative.* After much contention they carried their point, against both the opinions of the examiners and the votes of the court, who protested against the proceedings, and intimated an intention of applying to the visitor for his determination of the question. While they were yet in the chapel, a request was made to four of the doctors present, Grant, Andrewes, Mountford,-j- and Hut- chenson, that they would nominate each one learned man, duly qualified to be chosen rector of St. Martin's Outwich, that the Company might, according to ancient custom, choose one of the four so recommended to be parson of that parish. The persons nominated, were John Arnold and Alexander Strange,, of Cam- bridge, and John LeeJ and William Tayler,§ of Oxford. [| But the election was, deferred till the 21st of June. * See page 115, and Note, page 11 6, 8tc. f " Tho. Mountfort, Mdunfort, or Mountforth, was admitted rector of Ansty, (Hertford,) Jan. 25, 1584, being then S.T.B. but how or when he voided it appears not. He Was the son of John Mountfort, of the city of Norwich, and took the degree of doctor of divinity at Oxford; July 4, 1588, after which it seems he was rector of St. Mary Hill, London; but neither the time of his admission nor voidance doth appear. Mar. 24, 1596; he was admitted to this prebend (Harleston), and became one of the residentiaries of this church (St. Paul's); and, May, 1602, he was collated to the vicarage of St. Martin itl the Fields, both which became void by his death, which happened Feb. 27, 1631, as did also a prebendship in the church of Westminster. He was buried in the chandel of the church of Tewing, in Hertfordshire, of which also he had been rector."-— Nezocourt's Repertor'ium, v. i. p. 154. J John Lee, admitted M.A. 1591, B.D. , D.Di 1608, chaplain to Sir Henry Lee, rector of Fleet Marson, in Buckinghamshire, and afterwards recjtor_of Wootton, in the jxmnty df Oxford, died 29th October, J609, and was buried in the chapel of St. John's CoITege7 ~ Hi*' liftTin his will, besides books to the library, seventy pounds to be employed about the more easy restoring of the said chapel, when the college should pleatee to do it." — Gutch's Colleges and Flails, p. 554. " Deditque sexaginta et decern Libras Collegia, ut exinde chorus institueretur." — MS. account. | William Tayler, admitted M.A. 1593. (J " xi June, 1600. Memorandum, that the m~r and wardens, observing the usuall MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 137 Meanwhile great interest was made to procure the presentation for Ravens, Vicar of ••X>unmow^iii L the c^u^nty^ ofJEssex ; for which order of their predecessors, about 3 weeks before St. Barnabas day, did by their Ties put the president and seignior fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxon in.remem? brance of the. same daye. And, upon St. Barnabas daye, the stewards by order, and course, viz. Tho s . Boothby and. John Gore, twoe of the liverye of this companie, , did make very bonntifull. provision for the schoole dinner, unto which dinner, and for the apposition and examinacon of our schollers, the m~r and 4 wardens of this, com pani.e did, 4 or 5 dayes before, invite these learned men following, viz. Mr. Doctor Good- man, Deanoof Westminster* Mr. Doctor Graunt,. Mr. Doctor Andrews, Mr-. Doctor Hutchenson, and Mr. Cambden, all which, togither with Doctor Milward, Mr. Doc- tor Ffletcher, Mr.Childersley, Mr. Smith, &c. whoe were not invited, yet came, and were present at the apposition of the said schollers, and at dynner on the said eleccon daye. At which time (according to the statu ts of Sir Thomas White) Mr. Raphe Hut- chenson, the President of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxford, and twoe of the seig- nior, fellowes of the. said howse, viz. Mr. Mathew Gwyn, Doctor of Phisicke, and Mr. Nicholas Lymby, ■ repayred, and came to the said schoole. Presentlie, upon whose comingc fowre of the principall schollers of, the said schoole did pronounce severall orations, viz.: ffirst, Rowland Juxon pronounced the schoolemaisters oration in Latin, then Joseph Billing an oration in Greeke, and after him Adryan Thorpe an oration in Latin, and lastlie Thomas Downer an oration in Greeke. Whereunto Mr. President made a learned and grave speech or aunswere. The which being ended, the m~r, war- dens, assistents, and lerned men, resorted into the chappell, where 10 or 12 of the principall schollers were examined, after which apposition a theam was gyven them to make exercises upon. And then they arose up, and preparacon was made, and tables, covered for dynner. And, after dinner the said schollers were called in againe, and: did severallie deliver exercises upon the said theame. Upon consideration had whereunto by the said learned men, it was agreed, that the companie should praceede to theyr eleccon. And then the president, and twoe seignior fellowes, were demaunded howe manie places were voyd, who made aunswere, that when they came forth ©f the colledg there were onlie twoe places actuallie voyd, and one other place voydabie and likelie to become voyd before the mondaye after Midsoroer daye next, and if the companie would elect one of theyr fellowes to be, parson of St.. Martin's Outwieb.., being nowe vqyd,, that then a fourth place would be avoyded, and also that there was some hope of a. fiveth place to be voyd, whereupon (by thadvise and the assent of the said learned men,) these viii, viz. Thomas Downer, Joseph Billing, Adryen Thorpe, Rowland Juxon, Richard Holbrooke, Joseph Ffletcher, Math. Wren, and Lewis Paddye, were putt to eleccon; but the said learned men delivered theyr opinions T 138 •*-' THE HISTORY <01 purpose the doctors were prevailed upon to substitute his name instead of Lee's in a second nomination, which they signed on the whoe were the best schollers, and by scruteny the said Thomas Downer and Rowland Juxon had twentie voyces apeice, the said Joseph Fletcher fifteene voyces, Joseph Bil- ling thirteene voyces, Lewes Paddye 9 voyces, Adryan Thorpe 7 voyces, and Hol- brooke and Wrenne none at all. Neverthelesse, the said president and seignior fel- lowes pretending that they have a negative voyce, refused them that had the most voyces, and made choice of Joseph Billing and Joseph Ffletcher, who had not so manie voyces, to supply the twoe places voyd, and did entreat the companie in regard of a pretended promise that Doctor Paddye made them of his librarie after his death,, being of great value, and of 0' in money, to rayse a pencon for one to looke to the keerv inge of thelibrarye, that it would please thecompanie to assent to the eleccon of the said Lewes Paddye. Whereupon the companie understanding that iii years since he was a scholler of our schoole, and had removed to an other schoOle, and came to our schoole sithens Whitsontide last, did much doubt whether they might lawefullie elect- him; yet the companie being tyred with theyr contencons, arid the daye being allmost spent, by assent of the m~r, wardens, assistents, and seignior fellowes, it was agreed! that the said Joseph Billing and Joseph Ffletcher should supplye the ii places pre- sentlie voyd, and for the two places like to be voyd, Lewes Paddye and Thomas • Downer were elected to supply the same, and if a fiveth place should be voyd, then Rowland Juxon elected to supplye the same, otherwise to stand here at the next eleccon, yf it mate stand with the orders and statuts. And be it noted and remem- bfed, that at the time of the said eleccon, an act of parliament, made anno 31 Eliz. • cap. 6, being intituled An Act against Abuses in the Eleccon of Schollers, &e. and the orders and statuts of Sir Tho s . White concerning the eleccon, were publikely redd, according to the purport and true meaning of the said act- of parliament by Rich d . Langly, comon clarck of the companie, whoe did affirme, that the eleccon was riot, made according to the true meaning of the said laWe arid statins, and the learned men, whoe were present at the eleccon, did refuse to ad mitt these words, viz. digni sunt, to be written before theyr names, which were to be subscrybed under thebill of eleccon, but barelie subscrybed theyr names to the eleccon. After this the president and seignior fellowes were informed, that they should not make this as a president of their eleccons in time to come, but the comepanie would have the question decyded • by the visitor in whom the eleccon was, for which end and purpose M~r President and the seignior fellowes have promised to send the companie true copies of all such of Sir Thomas Whites statutes, whereupon they will stand to thend the companie maie : hi -the mean time take advice thereupon. : ,■■;. ' . . », , ■ ■ • ., ; '•♦ Memorandum, also, that upon the said St. Barnabas daye,in the chappell of the MERCHANT-TATLQRS'; SCHOOL. 139 13th. v This pdper was presented to the court, on the following day, by x^lderman Ryder,* Buty though it certified that the name of Lee was omitted, because the subscribers knew that he would said schoole,, the m~r, wardens, and assistants, then present, according 'to the order taken at the last courte, and according to theyr ordinance, for the giving of the bene- fice of St. Martin's Owtwich, did make request to these 4 learned men following, (being of the most famous doctors of divinitie abiding within the cittie of London, whereof 2 of Oxon and 2 of Cambridge), viz. Mr. Doctor Graunt and Mr. Doctor Andrewes of Camebridge, and Mr. Doctor Mounlford and Mr. Doctor Hutchinson of Oxford, to .nominate unto the companye fowre learned men qualified according to the^y.rordinaunce, owt of which they might elect one to be parson of the parish church of St. Martin's Owtwich, according to the ordinaunce, whoe did, with a gene- rsll assent, nominate unto the comepanie these 4 learned men, viz. A Batchelers of Divinitie,— of Oxford. -..<}< j y. . . ' , . i. of Cambridge. r , . Alexander Strange, M r or Arts, y John Lea and William Tayler, Which nqminacon was, with a generall assent of the m"r, wardens, and assistants, accepted and allowed." — See minutes of court. * " xiiii June, 1600. To this courte resorted Mr. Aid"- Ryder, a worsbipfull mem- ber of this cittie, and did recomend to this companie Mr. Doctor Ravens, a learned preacher, and nowe vicar of Djinmowe, being xxvii^ miles distant from London, (whereof the said Mr. Aid "■ Ryder hath the parsonge,) that in regarde his living at Dunmowe was small, that it would please the companie, for his better maintenance, to bestowe upon him the parsona ge of St. Martin Owetwich. being nowe voyd, «pon which benefice the greatest parte of the yeare he was content to be resident. And to thend to make him seem capable and to stand in eleccon, there was produced and openlie redd, a second nominacon made by the fowre doctors formerly entreated and. elected by the companie, the tenor wherof followeth in these words, viz. " To the right worshipful! the m"r and wardens of the Marchanttaifors; Whereas it pleased your worships the last day to request us to name unto yow fowre sufficient men, amongest whome you might make choice of one to present unto the parsonge of St. Martin's, and thereupon wee named amongest others Mr. Lea, of St. John's Colledg, nowe being ourselfs certifyed he will not accept that benefice, though yow should make choyce of him, we have thought good to informeyow thereof, and in his place to comend unto your election Mr. Doctor Ravens, a fellowe of the same col- ledge, (a man well knowne to us) and to manie others to be of great good dezert) whoe will presentlie give over his fellowshipp before Midsomer next, and will give good T 2 140 THE HISTORY OF not accept the living, the court felt themselves bound to pro- ceed according to the first nomination, in which they were con- firmed by the opinion of Crooke, the recorder. In consequence of this, Ravens withdrew his application, and joined in recommend- ing one of his own college to the favour of the company. And thus the choice fell upon Tayler, who was presented accordingly.* . '3>tJ attendance for the most parte of the year upon your parsonage. Dated the xiiith of June, 1600. " Edward Geante. Lancel. Andrewes. Thomas Montforde. Wm. Huchenson. " Upon consideracon had whereunto, and because it is made disputable, whether the companie are not in equitie, and by the true meaning of theyr ordinance to pro- ceede upon theyr first nominacon, and that the second nominacon was voyd, therefore the companie resolve to be advysed thereof by some learned lawyer before the next courte ; and the rather to the entent the parish maie have notice of an eleccon in hand, and that they maie be heard, if they have anie reasonable mocon to make lo the companie, because it is informed that they earhestlie desire one that maie be con- rinuallie resident amongest them, in regard that the late incumbent hath bene much absent from them, to the great grief and dislike of the parishe." — See minutes of courts * " This court being speciallie appointed for the eleccon and nominacon of a suf- ficient learned man to be parson of St. Martin Owtwich, the comepanie being very desirous iustlie and truelie to accomplish and performe the true entent and mean- ing of they ordinances according to thorder taken at the last courte, tooke' advice of learned counsell for theyr better satisfaccon, viz. of the woorshipfull John Crooke, Esquyre, nowe recorder of London, concerning the nominacon of Mr. Doctor Ravens in the second certificate menconed at the said last courte of assistents, whoe under his hand certifyed unto the comepanie in these words, viz. " To add, or to putt owt one name, or change it for an other after the nominacon made, cannot fitlie be made, but that all is to be donne anewe, and newlie certi- fyed by the fowre doctors as a newe nominacon, the former not perfected or accepted by the m~r, and wardens, and assistents; and, in that manner, returned' to them by the request of the companie to be better advysed then as a nominacon not perfect, it resteth still in pectore in the brest of the doctors upon such request to be reviewed and better perfected, otherwise not. " Jo. Crooke'. ' " Upon a deliberate consideration whereunto had, Mr. Doctor Ravens was called MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 141 The news of the event reached Oxford before the day of admis- sion, when four places being declared vacant, Joseph Billings, Joseph Fletcher, Lewis Paddye, and Thomas Downer, were ad- mitted ; but Paddye, the favourite, had the priority given him.* <■ The company. were resolved to prepare a case for the decision s of the visitor during the long vacation, " for the eschewing and avoyding of such unkind controversies and doubts as" were per- petually rising between them and the college. They waited some time for the documents which the president had promised on election-day, to send to town. But in vain did they forbear even till the end of August, when they wrote for them, expressing at the same time their determination to " appeale to the visitor for his resolucon upon the same, for the avoyding of such unneces- sarye contencons as yearlie happen upon every eleccon-day be- tweene the companye and the said colledg." In about two months the. papers were sent, but the reading of them was deferred to another time ; and as it does not appear that they were ever taken into consideration, it is probable that the threatened appeal was dropped .-f Qa St. Barnabas's Day, in 16OI, the Dean of Westminster, in, and informed hy this courte, that they were advised by learned counsaile, that, by the true meaning of tbeyr ordinance, they could not accept of theyr second nomina- con, and therefore they entreated him to accept the comepanies good will, vvhoe thought him wortbye of a farre better thihge: Whereupon Doctor Ravens departed well satisfied, recomending to the favourable consideracon of the comepanie one of St. (Johns Colledge, whereupon the 4 learned men, named in the first certificate and entered in the last court of assistents, were putt to scrutenie, and the eleccon, by moste voyces, fell upon Mr. Will m .,Tayler, of St. John's Colledg, batche~r of divinitie. After which eleccon, it was appointed that presentacon should be drawne and ingrosed, and the next morning to be sealed with the comon seale of this companie. The which was performed according to the said order."— See minutes of court, 21 June, lQQQ. * MS. account.. . . , " . + See minutes of court, 21 June, 28 August, and 21 October, 1600. 142 THE HISTORY OF J n ^ Dr. Hutchenson, Dr. Andrewes, Dr. Marbeck,* Sir 1 Robert Wroth, Knt.-f- Mulcaster, and others, attended the examination and din- ner. Perrin and Lee, were the fellows who accompanied the pre- sident. And with them came Rowland Juxon, one of the five scholars who had been sent to St. John's last year. As there was no vacancy for him then,. he was now come back to stand for one of the two places which were to be filled up at the present elec* tion, when he was put in nomination with four of the best bdys, and carried his point by a considerable majority. Matthew' Wren, the boy, who had the highest number after Juxon, was, however, not so fortunate, the president and fellows wishing the sense of the electors to be taken afresh on each vacancy. The conse- quence of this second scrutiny was the election of Thomas Tucker instead of Wren. But the disappointment, which be experienced in thus being dashed from the pinnacle of his hopes, + laid the foundation of his future greatness. Andrewes, pitying the hard- ship of his case, took him under his protection, and patronized him till his death, as will be mentioned more at large hereafter. * Roger Marbeck, or Merbeck, of Ch. Ch. Oxford, was admitted Doctor of Physic, 2d July, 1573. " He was the son of John Merbeck, organist of Windsor, and the first standing or perpetual orator of the university. Afterwards he was canon of Ch. Ch. provost of Oriel, and the chief physician belonging to the Queen. He died in July, or thereabouts, in 1605, and was buried, as I conceive, in the church of St. Giles, without Cripplegate, London, for in that parish he died. — See more of him iii Hist, et Antiq. Univ. Oxon. lib. 2, p. 47, a, and p. 257, a." — See fVood's Athena, v. i. fasti 109. The comedy of Palaemon and Arcyte was rehearsed in his lodgings at Christ Church, " before certain courtiers, by the players in their gowns (for they were all scholars that acted, among whom were Miles Windsore, and Thorn. Twyne, of C.C.C.) before the Queen came to Oxon, in 1566." — Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 152. •f " He was son of Sir Thomas Wroth, who fled into Germany during the rei^n of Queen Mary. Fuller remarks, that it was observable, that the family of this man, who thus went away for his conscience, was the only one out of all those mentioned by Norden, which were not extinct in his time, (anno, 1660.)" — > Lysom's Environs, vol. ii. p. 316. Sir Robert died, and was buried at Enfield, early in the year U(X>, MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 14& I will interrupt the narrative no longer than while I observe, that this interesting occurrence should restrain the immoderate depres- sion of those who miss the election to St. John's, and be an assu- rance to them that if they do not fail through their own negligence* Providence will open for them other and, perhaps, fairer prospects of advancement.* * " St. Barnabas day, 1601. Memorandum, that the m~r and wardens, observing the usuall order of theyr predecessors about one month before St. Barnabas day, did by theyr Tres putt the president and seignior fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledg,. in Oxon, in remembrance of the, said day; and upon St. Barnabas day the stewards by order and course, viz. Charles Hoskins and Mathew Springham, twoe of the liverye of this companye, did make very bountifull provision of vi messe of meat for the schoole dynner, unto which dynner, and for the apposition and examinacon of our schollers, the m~r and wardens of this company did 4 or 5 dayes before invite these learned men following, viz. Mr. Doctor Goodman, Dean of Westm~r, Mr. Doctor Huchenson, Mr. Doctor Andrews, and Mr. Doctor Marbeck, all which, togither with Sir Robert Wroth, Knight, Mr. Mulcaster, and dyvers others learned men,, whoe were not generally invyted, yet upon the entreatye of some private fiends, came and were present at the opposition of the said schollers, and at dynner oa the said eleecon day, at which tyme (according to the statute of Sir Tho. White,) Mr. Raphe- 1 Huchenson', the president of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxford, and twoe of the seignior fellowes of the said howse, viz. Mr. Doctor Perryn and Mr. Lee repayred and came to the said schoole, presentlie upon whose coming foWr of the principall schollers of the said schoole did pronounce severall orations, viz. ffirst, Tho. Tucker pronounced the schoolemaisters oration in Latin, then Richard Holbrooke an oration in Greeke, and after him Mathew Wren an oration in Greeke, and lastlie John English an oration in Latyn. Whereunto Mr. Doctor Perryn, one of the seignior fellowes,' made a learned speech or aunswere. The which being ended, the m^r 1 , wardens, assistants, and learned men, resorted into the chappell, where vii of viii of the principall schollers were examined, after which apposition a theame was gyven them to make exercises Aipon;- and then they arose up, and preparacon was made, and tables covered for the dynner, and after dynner the said schollers were called in agame, and did severallie delyver exercises upon the said theame, upon con- sideration hadwhereiiritb by'the said learned men, it was* agreed that the company should proceede to theyr eleecon. And then the president and twoe seignior fellowes were' demaunded how many plac'es were vo'yd, who made aunswere that when they came forth of the eolted'g, there were bat onelie.twoe places voyd, and that Rowland Juxon (who was one of the five silrollers' which 1 Were sent to Oxford, and by reason 144 THE HISTORY OF The late election was the last publick occasion, on which Dean Goodman made his appearance.* In less than six weeks the company and school lost by his death a zealous advocate and an intrepid champion, who had befriended their cause, on all occa- sions of difficulty that had risen since the decease of Sir William Cordall. But the superintending care which had provided a patron for the unfortunate Wren, was not unmindful of the gene- ral interests of the school. Andrewes succeeded Goodman not only in the deanery of Westminster but in affection for Merchant Taylors', with this additional claim on his countenance and sup- port, that he had himself been educated within its walls. In his new character, attended by his old master, Mulcaster, and Dr. Friar, he became an examiner at the election in 1602, when Richard Holbrooke, John English, and James Bearblock, were there was not a fiveth place voyd) is now come back to stand for one of the. said twoe places. So as onelie one of the schollers which are nowe remayning at our schoole, is to be elected. Whereupon the companye desyred to understand of the appositors, who were the best schollers and fittest to be elected, whoe made aunswete that ovtt of these fowre, viz. Richard Holbrooke, Mathew Wren, Thomas Tucker, and John English, the company could not choose amissc. And ■ then the m~r, wardens, and assistents, proceeded to election by scruteny upon the said Rowl. Juxon, and the said Holbrooke, Wren, Tucker, and English. And the said Rowl. Juxon had xxii voyces, the said Holbrooke vii voyces, the said Wren (by our m*V his double prick) viii voyces, and the said Tucker and English vi voyces apeece. Upon perusall whereof, the said Mr. President and seignior fellowes gave theyr assent and consent to the election of the said Juxon, but did not assent to thelection of the said Wren, yet affirmed that if the company would proceede to a newe scruteny upon thother scholler alone, that then they would assent to whomesoever the second scruteny so to be made by the company should fall : Whereunto the company gave theyr assent, and by the said second scruteny the election did fall upon the said Thomas Tucker, and the said Mr. President and seignior fellowes gave theyr assent and consent thereunto. And be it remembred that before thiseleccon the act of parliament, made anno 31 Eliz. cap. 6, and the material! points of the statute of Sir Thos. White, was openlie redd, and this year the company and colledge did, in very peaceable manner, finish theyr said elec- tion to the good liking and contentment of the companye." — See minutes of court. * He died on the 17th of July, 1601.— See note, p.«8. ♦in MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 145 elected, unto which eleccon (it is recorded) the presydent and twoe seignyor fellowes gave their full and absolute lyking, assent, and consent, soe as the company and they did depart in farr more quyett sort then in former eleccons they were accustomed."* * " St. Barnabas day, 1602. Memorand. that the nVr and wardens, observing the usual order of their predecessors about three weeks before St. Barnabas day, did by their Tres put the president and seignior fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledg, in Oxon, in remembrance of the same day, and received aunsweare from them that only one place was void, And upon St. Barnabas day, the stewards by order and course, viz. William Greenwell and Richard Otwey, two of the lyvery of this company, did make very bountiful provision of fisbe, for the schoole clynner, unto which dynner, and for the apposicons and examinacons of our schollers, the wardens of this company did, foure or fyve daies before, invyte these learned men following, viz. Mr. Doctor Andrewes, Dearie of Westm"V, Mr. Doctor Friar, and Mr. Richard Mulcaster. All which came, and' were present at the apposition of the said schollers and at dynner, on the said eleccon day, At which tyme, according to the statuts of Sir Tho. Whyte, Mr. Raphe HuBchenson, the president of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxon, and two of the seig- nyor fellowes of the said house, viz; Mr. Mathew Gwyn, Doctor of Physick, and Mr. George Russell, repaired and came to the said schole, presently upon whose comyngi 'foure of the pryhcipall schollers of the said schoole, did pronounce several! orations, viz. first, Owen Vertue, the fourth scholler, pronounced the schoole maisters oration in Latyn, then John English, the second scholler, an oration in Greeke, an«t after hym John Touse, the third scholler, an oration in Latyn, and after hym Richard Holbrooke, the chief or captayne scholler, an oration in Greeke, whereunto Mr. Doc- ter Gwyn made a lerned speech or aunsweare. The which being ended, the rnr, war- . assistants, and lerned men, resorted into the chappell, where sixeteene of the prynicypoll schollers were examyned. After which apposicon a theame was given them to make excersyzes upon. And then they arose up, and preparacon was made, and tables covered for dynner, and after dynner the saide schollers were called in agayne, and did severally delyver excersyzes upon the said theame, upon consideracon had where? unto by the said lerned men, it was agreed that the company should proceed to their eleeeon. And then the president and twoe seignyor fellowes were demaunded how many places were voyde, whoe made aunsweare that when they came forth of the col- ledge, there was only one place voyd, and Mr. Docter Gwyn, having two resignacons in his custody, did, in the presence of all the assistents, delyver the same to Mr. Pre- sydent, whoe pronounced the same voide. Whereupon, by thadvyse and assent of" the said lerned men, these sixe, viz. Richard Holbrooke, John English, John Towse, Owen Vertue, Annanyas Warren, and James Bear-block, were putt to eleccon, and, U 146 THE HISTORY OP Between thirty and forty years had elapsed since an alderman of the Merchant-Taylors' company had been raised to the chief magistracy of the city. The last was Sir Thomas Rowe, one of the co-founders of the school, who was called to the mayoralty in 1568.* The present was Sir Robert Lee,-j~ in compliment to whom the boys were arranged in Cheapside, on the day his lord- ship went to Westminster, that they might greet him as he passed with a congratulatory oration. But a greater honour awaited them. Elizabeth, to whose im- mortal memory it is but justice to record, that, in her visits to the universities, she conferred distinguished marks of her approbation on the scholars of Merchant-Taylors', having died on the 24th of March, 1603, it was determined, at the first court in the following month, that the school should avail itself of the ciyick precedency of its patrons, and do what it could do attract the notice of the new sovereign. Hayne was directed to compose a speech, and to train one of his boys to deliver it before the king. And to this happy introduction of the school, as well as the merits of the men who had been educated at it, we may in part attribute the honours and preferments which were liberally bestowed on Merchant-Tay- lors' throughout the reign of James the First.:]; by scruteny, the said Richard Holbrooke and John English had sixteene voyces apece, John Towse foure voices, Owen Vertue twoe voices, Annanyas Warren none at all, and the said James Bearblock thirteene, so as, by the said scruteny and most voices, thellection did fall upon these three, viz. Richard Holbrooke, John English, and James Bearblock, unto which eleccon the presydent and twoe seignyor fellowes, gave their full and absolute lyking, assent, and consent, soe as the company and they did depart in farr more quyett sort then in former eleccons they were accustomed." — See minutes of court. * See pages 2 and 5. + Son of Humphrey Lee, of Bridgenorth, in Shropshire. X " Upon relacon given at this court that, at the coronation of our late moast gra- cious Queene Elizabeth, the company of Mercers houlding then the chief place before all other companies, in regard that SirThos. Leigh being one of their company, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 147 The election, in 1603, fell on John Towse ;• soon after which, the plague increasing on account of the hot weather, the school was broken up for some months.-)- During this time, many of the scholars left the city, and pursued their education elsewhere.}' But, as this was attended with considerable loss to the master, a compensation of twenty marks was afterwards voted him by the court. § was then Lord Maior of this citty, the said companie of Mercers did cawse a scholler of their schoole to pronounce a shorte speech unlo her ma ie - It is therefore thought fitt, in regard that this yere our company have the lyke precedency, and alsoe that our company maynteyne a free gramer schoole, that the schoolenfr prepare one of our schollers to pronounce some such sorte and pithie speech as the schoolenfr upon good consideracon shall devise, which noe doubt shall tend much to his owne comendacon, and the creditt of the company. And it is agreed, that aswell all such chardges, as he disbursed in preparing his schollers, to make a shew and speech in Cheapsyde, on the day my" Lord Maior went to Westminster, as alsoe all other chardges which he shall now disburse, in preparing one of his schollers to speake to the kyng shalbe defrayed and borne by the company." — See minutes of court, 9 April, 1603. * After the usual preamble, — -Mr. Docter Dow, Mr. Docter Ffryer, and Mr. Wil- liam Tailor, with others, were present at the apposition of the schollers ; — Mr. Raphe H. President, and Mr. John Perryn^ D.D. and Mr. Rouland Searchfield, B.D. came to the schoole; — xvii of the pryncipall schollers were examyhed; — only one place voyd;— these three were putt to election, John Towse, Owen Vertue, and John Alder ; — thellection did fall on the said John Towse. — See minutes of court, St. Barnabas day, lfiOS. *j- " Whereas Mr. Heane, the companyes schoolem~r of St. Lawrence Pountneis, doth desyre to understand the opynyon of the company, Whether yt be fitt to dis- solve the schoole during the tyme of this visitacon, the company houlding him to be a man of judgment doe referre the same wholly to his owne discrecon, and what he shall thinke fytt to be done the company will allowe." — See minutes of court, 1 1 July, 1603. % The visitation was so severe that the king removed his court for some time to Wilton, the Earl of Pembroke's seat, near Salisbury.— Rapin's Hist, of England, vol. ii. p. l6l. | " Upon the humble peticon of William Heynes, the companyes chiefe schoolem r of the companyes grarnr. schoole at St. Laurence Pountneyes, and upon due con- sideracon had to the great losses which he susteyned during the tyme that the cittie V 2 148 THE HISTORY OF In 1604, there were four vacancies supplied from the school. The boys elected were Owen Vertue, Francis Hudson, Thomas Clarke, and John Alder.* At the election in the following year, the president and fellows gave a double offence to the company, by repeating their claim to a negative, and excepting against the choice of poor men s sons.-f But whether the company gave way in both or either of these points is not stated. The boys chosen were John William- son, Christopher Wren, Brian Naylour, and Thomas Grice.J And, towards the end of the year, a most respectable deputation from the court was appointed to wait on the Bishop of Winchester, was visited with the plague, by reason that all or most of the quarter schollers left the cyttie, to the great hynderance of the said William Heynes, it hath pleased the com- pany, at this court, to give and graunt unto him the some of twenty ma>rks, the same to be paid by our m~r, and to be allowed him in his accompts,*' — See minutes of court, 26 Sept. 1604. * MS. account. t Almost all colleges, except All Souls', having been expressly founded, according to the language of former times, for " poor scholars," we must look a little further than the obvious meaning of the words for the exception taken by the members Of St. John's against the sons of men in indigent circumstances.. In the minutes of court, 3 October, 1601, I find : — " To this court resorted Sampson West, (mentioned p. 128,) student of St. John's Colledg in Oxon, and sonne of Richard West deceased, late clerck to the Batchelers Company, and did present unto our m~r, wardens, and assist- ents, a Tre from the President and ten of the seignior fellows of the said colledg, in recomendacon of his towardlines and good behaviour in the said colledg. By which l~re, and by the hunible peticon of the said Sampson West, the company are earnestly entreated (in regard of the poverty of the said West) to extend theyre liberality unto him towards the furnishing of his apparrell and other necessaryes against he shall proceed Bacheler of Arts, whereunto he is: presently to be called, upon good consideracon whereunto had, and the rather because his father was a long officer unto the company, and upon the reporte and good coroend aeon of the colledg, it hath pleased the company to grauntunto him the some of tennepownds, to be paid by our m~r, and to be allowed in his accompt." And therefore it is not improbable that the society had recently felt themselves lessened in the estimation of the university, by the mean and sordid appear- ance of some of their under-graduates* % MS. account. merchant-Taylors' school. 149 at his palace in Southwark,* to entreat his lordship to consider the statutes, and determine between the parties.-]- The gentlemen sent on this occasion were the master and wardens, and Mr. Elwes, Sir William Craven,+ Sir John Swynnerton,§ Mr. Dow,|| Mr. So- * " Opposite St. Saviour's Church, on the west, fronting the River Thames, was. situate Winchester-house ; which was at first erected by William Giffard, bishop of that see, about the year 1 107, for his city mansion, and that of his successors : But this house (which undoubtedly was one of the most magnificent of its kind, in the city, or suburbs of London) having been long disused by the said bishops, it is now converted into warehouses, and apartments for the poor." — Maitland'sHist. of London, Vol. ii. p. 1391. f " Fforasmuch as, at severall tymes, (butmoast especially on St.Barnabies day lest) the company have fownd themselves much wronged in their eleccons of schollers unto St. Johns Baptist Colledg in Oxford, by reason that Mr. President and the two senior fellowes have of late yeres, not only challenged a negative voic6, but also refused to afrowe of the sonnes of poore men, and desier to preferr ritch mens sonnes, which the company hold to be directly against the true intent and meanyng of Sir Thomas White, their worthy fownder, And whereas Sir Thomas White hath, by his statuts, appointed the right reverend ffather in God the Lord Bishopp of Winchester, for the tyme being to be theyisitor of the said colledg, to judge and determyne all questions, ambiguities, and controversies, that shalbe moved upon any of the said statuts, It is therefore at this court thought fytt that the company should make relacon and coin-? plaint of their said grerfe and wrongs unto his Lpp. for which purpose the company have appointed and entreated our m~r and wardens, Mr. Elwes, the last m"r, Sir Wm. Craven, Sir John Swynnerton, Mr. Dow, Mr. Sotherton, Mr. Richard Gore, and Mr. Vernon, to take the paynes to attend his*Lp. being nowe at Winchester-howse in Southwarke, and to pray his Lpp. at his convenient leisure, to consider of the, statuts, and to appoint a tyme, that both sides may attend his Lpp. for his resolucon upon the points in question." — See minutes of court, 8 November, 1605. J " Sir William Craven, Knt. Alderman, and sometime Lord Maior of this city; by his last will made anno l6t7, gave to the poor prisoners in Newgate, Ludgate, and the two compters, the sum of £40, viz. £l0 to each. Item, to the poor children of Christ's Hospital, the sum of d^lOO. Item, towards the relief and curing of sick, so,re, and diseased persons- in St. Bartholomew's Hospital, the sum of cflOO. Item, to the hospital of Bridewell, towards the setting of sturdy beggars, idle, and vagrant persons on work, ct'100. Item, towards the relief of sick, sore, and diseased persons in St. Thomas's Hospital, in Southwai'k, £\0O. Besides, to be distributed on the day of his burial, to the poor of divers parishes in London, according to the discretion of 150 THE HISTORY OF therton,* Mr. Richard Gore,f and Mr. Vernon.J But the bishop not giving his judgment, it was ordered, on the 10th of May, 1606, his executors, <£l00. And, to six parishes in Southwaik, £\0 to each. To one hun- dred poor people to attend his funeral, black gowns and 12d. apiece. To the parish of St. John Evangelist, ,£l00. To the parish of St. Antholin's, one hundred nobles. To the poor of Tiverton, ,£50; and Burnsal, i,'50. Besides some thousand pounds to his servants." — Stow's Survey, b. i. p. 2/3. He was buried with great pomp and splen- dour in the church of St. Andrew's Undershaft. But, though he was one of the weal- thiest and most eminent citizens of his time, no monument was erected to his memory. His numerous acts of charity, discreet and liberal, are the best memorials of his goodness. And these, with the other contents of his will, may be seen at large in Stow's Survey, b. ii. p. 68. " By his wife, daughter of William Whitmore, of Lon- don, Esq. he left issue three sons and two daughters. — 1. William, who, early in his youth, signalized himself in Germany, and in the Netherlands, under Henry, Prince of Orange ; and for his bravery was, on his return, knighted, at Newmarket ; and, in 1626, was raised to the dignity of a baron, by the title of Lord Craven, of Hemp- stead Marshal, in' the county of Berks. — 2. John, who was held in such esteem by Charles I. that he was advanced by him, in the 18th year of his reign, 1642, to the dignity of a baron of the realm, by the title of Lord Craven, of Ryton, in the county of Salop, but, dying without issue, the title became, extinct. — 3. Thomas, who died unmarried." — Play/air's British Family Antiquity, v. ii. p. 6l6. •, | " Sir John Swinnerton, son to Thomas Swinnerton,' citizen and merchant-taylor of London, who was son to Richard Swinnerton, of Oswestrey, in Shropshire," was chosen Lord Mayor in 1612, and, during his mayoralty, the New River was brought to London by Sir Hugh Middleton. — See Stow's Survey, b. i. p. 26, and b. v. p. 140. || " He gave, in his life-time, c£3528 : 10 : 8 to perform divers charitable deeds for ever. He lived virtuously all his life-time, and died in the true faith of our Lord Jesus, on the 2d day of May, anno dom. 1612, being full of days, at the age of 90 years." — Stow's Survey, b. ii. p. 17- — Where the reader may see a very interesting ac- count of his charity to the parish of St. Botolph Aldgate. * Nowell Sotheiton, who was shortly after appointed one of the barons of the exchequer by patent, dated 8 Jul. 1606. — Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales, p. 102. f Mentioned with his christian name, to distinguish him from Jerrard Gore, one of the founders of the school, who was yet alive. — See pages 2 and 10. $ Mr. Vernon was buried on the north side of the communion-table in St. Michael's. Cornhill, where is this inscription ; — • " To the pious memory of Mr. John Vernon, late a worthy member of the worship- ful company of Merchant-Taylors ; who, by his last will, gave many large leo-acigs merchant-Taylors' school. 151 that his lordship should be " earnestly solicited to deliver his reso- lucon,"* which, at length, he did in an " indifferent and honor- able" manner. \- No sooner, however, was that controversy disposed of, than another appeal of a more amicable nature was brought before the visitor on a new and extraordinary case. The election on St. Barnabas's Day had fallen on one Robert Cooper, who had a deformity in one or both of his legs, which* if it had been ob- served, would have been a statutable impediment to his success. But, owing to the boys standing in confusion at the time, the cir- cumstance was not perceived by the president and fellows, till the youth made his appearance on the admission-day at St. John's, when they found themselves involved in no little difficulty. — On the one hand, a conscientious regard for their statutes withheld them from admitting him into their society; and, on the other, an unwillingness to disoblige the company so soon after their late reconciliation rendered them averse from absolutely rejecting him. In this dilemma, they thought the better way of proceeding would be to prevail on the company to join with them in referring the consideration of the affair to the visitor. With this view they ad- tow3rds the annual relief of several poor of that and other companies of this city, amounting yerely to ,£200. All which charities are duly paid by the said company.— Who, in gratitude to that great benefactor, erected this monument at their charge, in the place where one was ruined by the fire, anno 1666." — Stow's Survey, b. ii. p. 147. * " It is ordered and agreed, that my Lord Bishop of Winchester (being the visitor of St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxford) shalbe earnestly solicited to deliver his reso- lucon and iudgment upon the controversies betweene our company and the colledge, touching the manner of electing of schollers out of our schoole, according to Sir Thomas Whit's statuts, and to understand who have authority to elect, and whe- ther the President and two senior fellowes have a negative voice, as they pretent, or els are to ioyne with our m~r, wardens, and assistaunts, as three persons, accord- ing as in former tymes they have ben accustomed." — See minutes of court, 10 May, 160S. • 152 THE HISTORY OF dressed the court by a letter,* dated the 30th of June, and signed by Buckeridge the new president, Adams,f Searchfield, Rains- * « To the right woorsbipfull, our very loving freinds, the raaister, wardens, and assistaunts, of the company of the Marchaunt-taillors, in London, geve these. " After our very harty couimendacons, since the retorne of our president and two fellowes from the eleccon with you, the scholler chosen by them and you is come downe against the day of our eleccon. And (that which wee are sorry to see, and take part with the poore man in his grief and his Sonne's) there doth nowe a deform myty appeare in the leggs of the scholler, Rob' Cooper, sent unto us, which, by reason of the confused standing of your schollers in an heape and thrust, was not then observed nor suspected. And you know that our statute is, that the schollers that are eligible must be free from all spott of mynde and all deformities of body, as you may remembor it is in that statute, whereof you have the coppy. To which wee being sworne, you will easely satisfy your selves that wee may not doe any thing di- rectly against our oathes. And wee are soe well resolved of your integrity that wee assure ourselves you would not wish us to forsweare ourselves to pleasure any man lyving. In which respect, as wee have compassion of the poore boy and his ffather, whome wee hartely pytly and wish well unto, (with the freedome of our consciences,) so wee are carefull and ready to give you, or any els whome it concernes* an account of our accons, and, therefore, as in comiseration of the poore boy, (whome wee other- wise doe well approve,) wee forbeare to doe any thing against him. So on thother side dare wee not to admytt him, but rather have taken a mydle course to devolve it to our visitor. If he resolve us that, notwithstanding his deformity* wee may admytt him, wee shalbe ready to doe yt. Yf it be such a deformity that, in our visitor's judgement, doth exclude him wee hope you will hould us excused. Had you ac- quainted our president, before his coming downe, with this deformity, which was knowne and viewed by some of you, (as wee are enformed,) there might have some other course ben taken for this eleccon present by sending us some other scholler and ^ some provision for Cooper, by your help, to which wee would not have ben wanting to our poore ability, nor will hereafter yf opportunyty be offred. And thus praying you to conceave of us that wee are not willing to dissent from you without iust cause, and almost against our wills, wee pray you to contynue your charitable opynion and pur* pose for the good of St. John's Colledg. And so wee leave you to the proteccon of the Almighty. I'fiom St.,John Baptist Colledg, in Oxford, this xxxth of June, 1606. Your very loving friends, John Buckridg, President, Thomas Adanre, Vice-President, Rowland Searchfield, George Rainsbie, John Sone, John Lee, Martyo Okyn* John Rawlinson, William Lane, Georg Blagrave, Tho. Salterne." f Thomas Adams, ejected from Bristol 1579, admitted B.C.L. died at college, and was buried in the chapel. He gave the college ten pounds. — MS. account. merchant-Taylors' school. 153 bye, Sone, Lee, Okins, Rawlinson, Laud,* Blagravc, and Salt- erne ;f to which an answer.]: expressive of full acquiescence was * William Laud was elected from Reading in 1590. In ,]604 he " became one of the proctors of the university. In Nov. 1607, being then B.D. he was made vicar of Stanford, in Northamptonshire, and, in April, 1608, rector of North Kilworth, in Leicestershire, which he exchanged, in Oct. 1609 ^ for West Tilbu ry^in Essex. In May, 1610, he had the recto ry of Kuc kstone, Kent, given him, which he resigned the latter end of the same year, and was inducted into Norton. About the same time also he resigned his fellowship of this college, andwas elected president 10th of May following. In Nov. 1611, he was made king's chaplain, prebendary of Bugden, in the church of Lincoln 1614, archdeacon of Huntingdon 1615, dean of Gloucester the same year, and, then resignjng^WestTil^ury, he became rector of Ibstock, in Lei- cestershire, in August, I6l7. On Jan. 22, 1620, he was installed prebendary of West- minster, and, in 1621, bishop of St. David's. Having resigned the presidentship of this college, November 17, he had leave given him to keep the parsonage of Creek, in Northamptonshire, in commendam with his bishopric, being inducted thereunto Jan. 31, 1622. In Sept. 1626, he was translated to Bath and Wells, Oct. 3, following, made dean of the Royal Chapel, and, July 15, 1628, translated to London: in 1630 he was elected chancellor of this university, and, Sept. 19, 1633, made archbishop of Canterbury. At length, in the beginning of the civil distempers, upon suspicion of introducing popery into the nation, arbitrary government, and I know not what, he was committed prisoner first to the black rod, and afterwards to the Tower, where* remaining about four years, he was at length by the votes of a slender house heheaded on Jan. 10, 1644-5, in the seventy-second year of his age, and his body buried in the chancel of the church of All Hallows Barking, where, remaining entire till July, 1663, it was removed to Oxford, and, on the 24th of the same month, deposited with cere- mony in a little vault of brick near to the high altar of this college-chapel." — Gutch's Colleges fy Halls, p. 544. The reader, who would judge for himself as to the real cha- racter of this learned and pious man, of whom so much evil has been unjustly said, will do well to peruse the Archbishop's Diary in the History of his Troubles and Trial, published by Wharton, and Heylin's Cyprianus Anglicus, and to let facts speak for themselves. T Thomas Salterne, elected from Bristol 1595, admitted B.C.L. was after- wards chaplain to Thomas Lord Knevet, of Escrick. — MS. account. J " To the right worshipfull, our very loving frends, the president and seignior fellowes of Sainct John Baptist Colledg, in Oxford. " After our very harty comendacons, your Tres of the xxxth of June last wee lovingly receaved this present day, as wee met at our hall at a court of assistaunts, being there assembled upon speciall occacons touching the affaires of our company, X 154 THE HISTORY OF returned, on the 2d of July, by a special messenger from London, who next day arrived at Oxford, and, on the 4th, took charge of a second letter from the college, as candid as the former, signed by Adams, as vice-president in the absence of Bucker- amongst which wee account the trust committed unto us by Sir Thomas White, (our good brother, and your right worthy founder, deceased,) to be none of the least, wherein wee desire that the trew intent and meaning of his statuts may be performed iustly and trewly, without respect of any person whatsoever. And God forbid that any of us should carry so badd a mynde as to desire to lay any clogg upon any of your consciences in doing any act that may infring any of Sir Thomas Whitt's statuts, whereunto (it seemefh) you are sworne. And touching the deformyty which you fynd in the leggs of Rob' Cooper, lately chosen by you and us, we all protest that,, at the tyme of the eleccon, wee neither knew nor bard of any such deformity. And, yf there be any error commytt«d in the electing of him, Mr. President and the two seignior fellowes, then present, were as much overseene in the same as any of us, for that the confused standing of the schollers in an heape and thrust can neither ex- cuse you nor us, because wee are credibly informed that Mr. President spake with him alone over night ; and for our parts only, when he came to doe his duty to the irTr and wardens, certen daies after the eleccon, and to take his leave at the time he tooke his iourney towards you, one of our wardens espied his legg, and demaunded yf he were lame ; and then it appeared to the rh~r and wardens that one of his leggs was a little crooked, which did not a little troble the m~r and wardens that it was not knowen before, hut, being only a deformity in one of his leggs, which might he co- vered with his gowne, the maister and wardens were better satisfied, and yet the same was never made kuowne unto us all untill the reading of your Tie. And for our owne parts wee doe all commend your greate care, conscience, and discrecon, and with all thanckfulnes doe accept of your Tre, and doe most willingly referrthe consi- deracon thereof to your right reverend and worthy visitor, and doe wish that yf, with the trew meaning of Sir Thomas Whit's statuts, he may be contynued amongst you, that then he may become a good member off yourhowse; otherwise yf by your visitor's iudgement he shalbe excluded, then wee desire, (yf your statuts will per- mytt it, and your visitor idlowe thereof,) that John Ward, being the captayne of the schoole, and nowe ahout the age of xviii yeres, (as wee are informed,) may supply the said place. And then wee will move the particuler assistaunts of the company to ioyne with you in your charitable care of Cooper., to whome, in regard of his father, and also of yaurgood report of him, wee wish much good. And wee pray you to make your reverend visitor acquainted with our good meanyng herein, and to remem- her our humble duties unto his good lordshipp, to whome hot'h wee and you are much bound for his indifferent and honorable care in the matters lately in question MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 155 ldge,* On the following Monday, two of the senior fellows left the university to lay the case before the visitor, who, after duly befcweene your colledge and our company. And so wee commend you and all your studies to the proteccon of thAlmighty. Ffrom Marchauntaylers' hall, the second of July, 1606. Your very loving fiends the ufr, wardens, and assistants, of the company of Marchauntaylers. William Craven. Y Thomas Juxon, Maister. John Swyrnekton. ) William Jones. > m tT ; Two of the Wardens. IHOMAS HENSHAW. J J Robert Dow. Richard Gore. John Vernon. Richard Prockter. Humffrey Streets. Thomas Rowe. NOWELL SOTHERTON. THOMAS OwEN. Andrew Osborne. Richard Scales. " And it is ordred that the comon clarck shall presently send one of men with the said Pre, and, for his horse-hyer, paynes, and other charges;, shalbe allowed twenty shil- lings^ to be paid by our maister and aunswered in his accoumpt." — See minutes of court, July % 1606. * " Hereafter followeth the coppy of a second Tre from the vice-president and seignior fellowes of St. John Baptist's Colledge, in Oxon, concernyng Robert Cooper, who was elect scholler from the companies gramer-schoole, in St. Lawrenee-Pount- ney's, on St. Barnabas-day last, and was sent unto the said colledg, there to remayne as one of that howse. , " The tenor whereof followeth in these words, viz. > " To the worshipfull the maister, and wardens, and assistaunts, of the company of Marchaun tailors, in London. " After our harty comendacons, wee have, in the absence of Mr. President, re- ceaved your Tres on the third of July with the same loving respect that our former l~res were receaved by you. In which the greate care you have that our honorable and worthy founder's statuts may be observed entier, without any wresting of our consciences, wee cannot but lovingly imbrace, and shalbe ready nowe and at all tymes not only to doe that which duty to statuts binds us, but further to testify our love by according with you in all things which impeach not the same duty. For the deformity in the legg of Robert Cooper, espied to late, and nowe not to be helped but by the visitor's determkiacon, as wee verely perswaded our selves you perceaved not till it was past remedy, soe doe wee knowe that, tyll the boy came to the colledge to be admytted, it was a case unknowne to Mr. President and to the electors, which comon oversight, as for this present, wee must excuse by the sehollers standing at x 2 156 THE HISTORY OF considering the matter, declared his opinion, before the father of Robert Cooper, that, if the candidate's lameness had been known to the electors before the election they ought not to have chosen him, but that, having elected him, they ought not to displace him. At the same time, he recommended greater circumspection for the future ;* and for many years the attention of the electors that tyme thrust together, so wee hope it shalbe made an instruccon for us, that each boy severally may appeare before you and us at all after tymes of eleccon, that wee may take notice of the parts of his body as well of the abillities of his mynde, the statuts bynding us alike to both. And for that credible informacon you say you re- ceaved, that Mr. President sawe the boy alone over night, wee wish the informacon had been spared till it might have ben as credible as it seemed, for many of us heard Mr. President protest the contrary while he was with us, of which, yf it please you, you may take farther informacon from himself being by this tyme at his lyving in London. Ffor the last part of your Tie, your charitable care for the mayntenaunce of Robert Cooper in a course of learnyng, yf our reverend visitor determyne against him cannot be otherwise taken by us then as of right it deserves. And yf our statuts will beare yt, and withal] it seeme so good to our worthy patron and visitor, (to whome wee must now referr . ourselves,) that wee assume another in the place of Cooper ? though wee have a greater freedome given by our statuts, yet so farr are wee from any voluntary dissenting from you, much lesse seeking of occacons of iarr, that wee shall willingly admytt Ward or any other fytt one agreed uppon by Mr. President and your selves. Two of our seignior fellowes, according to appointment in that case, sett forth toward our visitor on Munday next, to whome as they wilbe ready to remember your love and duty, and carefull that forasmuch as in them is all things may be ended with some content to all, soe wee all desire that your love may contynue firme to us, which wilbe a comfort to us both and an honor to our worthy deceased fownder. In the memory of whose name wee hartely comend our selves to your whole company, the happy estate whereof wee comend to the proleccon of the Almiyhty. " From St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxford, this 4th of July, 1606. " Your loving frends, Thomas Adams, Vice-President. Rowland Searchfield. John Lee. Geoeg Rainsbe. John Rawlinson. John Sone. Jqhn Jones. MartynOkyn. George Blageave. William Laud. Nicholas Clyff." ' " Upon examynacon of the said matter before the visitor, (as the father of the merchant-Taylors' school. 157 was drawn to the personal appearance, as well as literary ac- complishments, of the candidates for election. While this business was under consideration it occurred to the court that, as near half a century had elapsed since the foun- dation of the school, the statutes by which it was regulated might need some addition, and that a committee should be appointed to peruse and enlarge them.* Accordingly, on the 8th of No- vember, the master and wardens, Juxon the late master, Baron Sotherton,-f- and the other gentlemen who had last year been deputed as managers of the company's appeal to the Bishop of Winchester, were named as a committee to prepare the ne- cessary additional regulations. J This they accomplished in the course of the Christmas-vacation, and, on the 14th of January, in the following year, they submitted the result of their labours to the approbation of the court. The measure recommended was a probation of the school three times in the year, and, as it was said Robert Cooper reported) the said visitor was of opynion, that yf thelamenes of the said Robert Cooper had ben knowne to the electors before he had ben elected, sent, and placed, in Oxon, that then it was not fytt to elect him to the same place. But, being elected and sent to the colledge, he thought it not convenient nowe to dis- able him, yet advised that more circumspect care should be hereafter taken at such eleccons." — See minutes of court, August 2, 1 606. * " It is ordred that commyttees shalbe named and appointed — to consider of the Orders of the schoole, and that the schoole may be often visited." — See minutes of. court, July 2, 1606. •f Nowell Sotherton " advaunced to the place of one of the barons of his M s - Court of Exchequer, who heretofore supplied the place of a warden and also of 111 r of this societie." — See minutes of court. J " The companie— perceaving that tyme and experience hath founde that it were fytt to make some addicon or enlargement of the orders of the companie's schooles, and knowing that nothing can contynue without order and government, they have en- treated oiir nfr and wardens, Mr. Juxon late rriV, Baron Sotherton, Sir John Swinner- ton, Knight, Mr. Alderman Elwes, Mr. Dow, Mr. Richard Gore, and Mr. Vernon, or any six of them, to consider of such orders for the purposes aforesaid, as they in their wisdomes and discrecons shall thinck fytt, to thend the same may be redd and con- firmed at a court of assistaunts." — See minutes of court, 8 November, 1606. 158 THE HIS'lOBI OS brought forward under the sanction «f Dean Overall and four other doctors in divinity, it was unhesitatingly adopted, as appears from the preamble to the orders in these words : 3t ^ court of assistants, hoi den at Marehauntailors hall, upon Wed- nesday the xiiii day of January, anno d~mi. -1606-7, Aimoque, &c. Jacobi Angli*, &c. qttarto et Scotie cpiadlragesimoy it was with a general! assent concluded and agreed, that these orders following, concerning a probation of the companies grammer schoole in London, three severall tymes in the yere shalbe duly observed, for the reasons therein mencioned. Which orders were devised for the great good of the schoole, by learned men at the prosecucon, and by the greate paynes and care of M~r Robert Dow, a grave maister and liberall benefactor to this company, and after con- firmed and allowed, as very good and necessary by the most grave and learned men, whose names are subscribed to the same. The Marchaunt-tailors schoole in London, was found'ed at the com- panies charge, no we fforty-fyve yeres past, and by them mainteyned with pencions, to a maister and three ushers, and other charges yerely, to their contynuall burden and cost, and being scitiaat neere the middest of this honorable and renowned citty (the eye of this kingdom) is famous through- out all England, and also in some remote places beyond the seas wdft spoken of, and that for these three consideracons, viz. Ffirst, for liumber of schollers, it is the greatest schoole included under one roofe. Secondly, the schollers are taught iointly by one m~r and three ushers. Thirdly, it is a. schoole for liberty most free, being open especially foi- poore mens children, aswell of all nations,* as for the marcbauntailors themselves. And whereas, it hath fallen out of late daies, that some persons (having had their children five or six yeres in our schoole) have complained that their sonnes have not risen in learnyng, to be worthely placed in the highest formes, as others have ben of like contynuance, it is to be thought that such a complaynt of the schoole-maister and ushers is noe novelty, or that * See Statute xxv. p. 16, and note there. MERCHANT-TAYXORs' SCHOOL. 159 it should (as they report) proceeds comonly of the maisters default ; hut rather rise by faults in such parents, as have not due regard in houiding their children to the schoole, or by want of capacity in such schollers, or by other defects, rather then by any negligence in their teachers. But, howsoever it be, the company greatly djsliketh any evill report of their schoole or teachers, and doe rather wish and desire all good deservings and good reports, both of the maister and schoole. And thereupon, and to that end and purpose they have spent their labor and industry with the help and advice of some learned men to devise a probation for reformation, and better triall of the state of the schoole hereafter, and this regard being had, the more care is to be required that this probation and triall be hand- led with such a faithfull circumspeocon as the company (ffounders of this schoole) understanding from tyme to tyme, how every forme in their schoole proceedeth and groweth in knowledg and exercises, may reeeave their iust and due contentment, and parents and friends of children may have their full, or at least convenient satisfaccon,. and the credit of the teachers with the fame of the schoole, preserved. It is therefore concluded that these good orders hereafter following shall r by the maister and three ushejrs,. be duly and truly observed. 1. A probacon of the whole schoofe shall bee made misty by Che mas- ter of the schoole and tiie three ushers, and at these three tymes,* viz. the first on the eieaventh day of March ; the second on the eleaventh day of September; the third on the eleaventh day of December; not beeing Suradaies. And if anie of the said daies happen on the Sunday, then upon ifoe next day following. 2. The nrfr of the schoole, eight or nine daies before die said pr-o*- baeon-day, shall admonish all the schollers of the school, as well them that bee absent, by messengers, as them that bee present, by himself: first, tfiat they prepare all! such neoeesaries as are -required on *he .pro- bacon-day ; secondly, that they com to the schoole, on the said probation 4ay, in the morning, at half an howre after six of the -clock at the fur- * A fourth probation was afterwards ordered " uppon the motion of Mr. Dugard, ■ehiflf isohoaleHmaatw," Jby order x>f cawrt, '}5th July, 'li646 ; but far many y,eaa:s there have iqhAv he&a two. 160 THE HISTORY. Of thest, and so to continue till an eleaven ; and in the afternoone, likewise, at half an hour after twelve, and to contynue till five.* '.*> 3. The m~r of the schoole, the day before the probacon-day, shall see that every scholler in the schoole bee furnished with paper, pennes, and ynck, for the next daies exercise ; and also that every ones name, his age, the day, moneth, and yeare of his coming first to school, bee written with his own hand on the outside of his paper, or paper-book, or on the topp of his first page. 4. The m~r of the schoole shall propound to every form in the schoole, for fowre howres in the forenoone, and as manie in the afternoone of the probation-day, several exercises to bee done in writeing by every one of them within the sett-tyme hereafter mentioned. 5. The nfr of the school, and the three ushers, (while the schollers are doing their work, and dureing the prescribed time,) shall carefully, and with a watchfull eye, provide, that no scholler of anie forme do prompt or once lean towards his fellow for help, that the founders may the better know how they proceed, by doing of their own act and exercise, without any help. 6. The m~r of the schoole and the three ushers at th'end of every howre (dureing the whole day) shall see that every empty space, and also the last line of every exercise, bee crossed, that afterwards there may bee no adding of anie thing, but that the work of every boy doe stand to bee viewed hereafter as hee of himself did perform it in that sett-time ; and that the forenoon's worke shall bee alwaies taken from the scholars at their going away by the ushers, and delivered to the m~r, w"ch at one a clock shall bee delivered to them again to write the rest of their taske. 7. The m~r of the schoole shall not propound to anie forme the same dialogue, epistle, theme, sentence, or verse, twice in one yeare. 8. No scholler of any forme shall bee urged to write more of the taske prescribed within the lymitted howre than hee is well able to perform. 9. If any scholler shalbee found on three several probation-daies, either by his owne negligence, or his friends will, to bee absent from the * Since the school hours were altered by order of court, 27th April, 1809, the busi- ness of the probation-days has finished at four. In other respects the same hours are observed on those days as in ancient times. MERCHANT-TAYl-ORS J SCHOOL. }§l school ; or having been p'sent, by his over-slender and weak exercises, to be unapted and unmeet to learn, or els a non-proficient, that then eyerie such scholar, that soe shalbee found absent, unapt, or UQt competently profiting, shalbee (according to the companie's order, heretofore provided in the like behalf,*) dismissed the school. 10. The m~r of the schoole, receaving all the schollers exercises don** by them on the said probation-day, shall cause everie formes papers of exercises to bee sowed together into six several volumes or bookes, every forme apart by itself, and afterwards lay them up in some convenient place appointed thereunto. And hee shall not in anie wise diminish ajiie one of them, that the succeeding posterity, as well of the company as of th e schoole, by comparing their present exercises with them of former tymes, paay see how much and wherein they exceed or come behinde them. 11. The m~r of the schoole, within fowredaies after the said probacon-day, shall enter into a booke, called THE REGISTER OF THE SCHOOLED PROBATION, conteining 400 leaves of large paper, in forme of abrief table or callender : Ffirst, that the said tryals were performed the xi th day of that, present moneth according ^o the orders prescribed ; Secondly, all the schollers of the six formes, every form by itself in this order, viz. the name of every boy as hee sitteth in his forme, his age, and time of con- tinuance ; next, what books and how far in them hee hath read ; lastly, what exercises hee usually makes, with the school-master and three ushers own hands subscribed thereunto : w*ch table or kalendar thus entred into the said register the m~r of the schoole, accompanied with one of his ushers, shall shewe to the m~r and wardens at their hall upon the first or second ordynarie court-day, next after following (the day Of probacon beeing past fowre daies before) to th'end that, yf they so please, they may appoint some persons to repaire to the schoole, to take knowledge and view of the exercises done by every boy on the said probacon-day; and * See Statute xlii. p. 20. By that statute, " the schoole maister" was allowed one month to judge of a boy's ability before he Was considered as permanently fixed on the foundation. By this order a power of dismissal is given at any period of his education. But as the boy must have been found wanting " on three several probation-daies," the reduction of those days from three to two in the year has had the effect of giving greater indulgence to the absent, idle, and incompetent, than was originally intended. 162 THE HISTORY OP also that they themselvs, or some other for them, may presently, or after when they think best, compare the last things registred with the like things registred at former probacons, to see every boye's contynuance either in any forme, or in the schoole, and other like circumstances there men- tioned. And the m~r and wardens, or som one of them shall subscribe to the register so brought and confirmed under the schoole-m~r and ushers hands ; and also cause to bee entred into their court-book the day on w~ch the said m~r of the schoole, with one of his "ushers, came and presented the same, for testimony to the company as well of the said dutifull p'sentment, ■ as also of their care towards the schoole, and desire they have to know how their schollers doe proceede ; and even then shall bee given to the said master of the school xxvi 1 viii d - by the name of a reward to bee dis- tributed equally (for considerations in the giver*), to himself, and his three ushers, vi s viii di to each of them, for their good care and pains taken in the premisses, and their further encouragement. PROVIDED alwaies herein, that uppon any fraudulent dealing in the master of the schoole, or the three ushers, the aforesaid reward shall cease, and the blame and shame shall rest with them for their wilfull default. 1 2. It is thought meete that this probation of the whole schoole shalbee committed unto the honest and faithfull trust and disposition of the m~r of the schoole and the three ushers alone, without any association, for these three causes : Ffirst, the ffounders have good experience of their faithfull govcrnement, and assured confidence of their care of this trust reposed uppon them. Secondly, this triall of the schollers being made by an act onely in writeing, it is without doubt that strange assembly will but hinder them in their said exercises. Thirdly, the watchfull eye of the m~r and the & ushers onely wilbee sufficient to make the boyes the more serious and earnest in their work, and cause every boye's act to bee entirely his owne worke without any help ; whereas, yf further assembly were, this probacon could not by " the m~r and the three ushers bee so carefully attended, neither the schollers worke be so beedefully and dutifully in- tended and done by them as it should, * " This giver is Mr. Kobt. Uovve, an auntient and worthy maister of the company, a bountiful! benefactor to the pooie, and a harty wel-wisher to the schoole, and a great lover of learning and learned men." — See court book. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 163 13. These orders, with the exercises folloAving, shalbee written in. the, booke of the scboole's-probacon ; and shalbe, by the m~r of the schoole, read and made knowne unto the three ushers on the first or second day of the aforesaid monethes, March, September, and December. A description of such or the like exercises as every form shall do, fore- noone and afternoone, on every probation-day. Howres. The First Fdvme : — the Forenoone. 1. They shall write the ends and terminacons of all the declensions of -nounes, and one noune after every declension. fv 2. They shall write the ends and terminacons of the active voice in the fowre conjugations. 3. They shall write the end^ and terminacons of the passive voice^n the fowre conjugations. 4. They shall write a substantive masculine and an adjective masculine together, thorough every case, in both numbers ; also a substantive and an adjective femine ; and a substantive and an adjective neuter. The Afternoone. 1. They shall write the active and passive voice of some verb after amo, every tense in a several! line ; without nameing either moode, tense, number, or person. 2. They shall write the active and passive voice of some verb after doceo, as in the former howre. 3. They shall write the active and passive voice of some verb after lego, as in the first howre. 4. They shall write the active and passive voice of some verb after audio, as in the first howre. The Second Forme : — the Foreno'one. J . They shall write some anomalie, or harder noune substantive, after every declension ; and also the cognata tempora of the present tense, and of the preter-perfect tense severally ; or els some person singular or plurall of the same tenses of amo, doceo, lego, audio. 2. They shall write every person singular and plural alone throughout y 2 164 THE HISTORY OF -Howres. both the active and passive voice of two irregular verbs : the one of the first conjugation, as lavo : the other of the second, as sorbeo. 3. They shall write, as in the howre before, two verb*; th'one of the third conjugation, as dico; th' other of the fowrth, as sentio. 4. They shall translate into Latine dictata, or Englishes made out of the rules of the concords, or of the construction of substantives and adjectives, being uses of the examples. The Aftermone. 1 . They shall translate other dictata, or Englishes made out of the rules of verbs, w~ch have a nominative, genitive, or dative case after them, being uses of the examples. 2. They shall doe likewise out of the rest of the tales of the construction of verbs, and the other parts of speech that followe. 3. They shall translate a dialogue, being a dictatum, or English made out of Corderius his Dialogues. 4. They shall translate an epistle, being a dictatum, or English made out of Tully his Epistles. The Third Forme : — the Forenoone. 1 . They shall write the ends or termynacons of the fyve declensions, and fowre conjugations, with a note of the short or long tyme w~ch peculiarly belongs to everie declension and conjugation. 2 They shall write some person singular or plurall of the cognata tem- pera of some anomaly-verb in every conjugation, through both the active and passive voices. 3. They shall make of themselves, according to the rules, so many uses, as they can, of one, two, or more examples propounded out of the rules of the syntaxis. 4. They shall vary some easy Latine sentence so many waies as they Secondly, they will make the teachers soe to instruct their schollers, that they, of themselves, may bee well able to practise and make use of whatsoever they teach, that all their exercises bee don of understanding and knowledg, without the helpe of any other. Thirdly, they will cause both teachers and schollers every day more and more to surpass themselves in all things ; and, namely, that the last exer- cises bee, for substance, more to the purpose ; for the tongue, more proper; for order, better ; for writeing; fayrer ; and in all circumstances more pleas- ing the viewers than the former were. Fourthly, these probacons and trialls wilbee to all men infallible and sure testimonies of the teachers' diligence, and the scholars' profiting,, whence, as from a fountain, will flowe to the company contentment, to parents satisfaction, to. teachers comfort, to scholars cheerfulness, to the schoole creditte ; to posterity, yf not matters of emulation, yet patterns of imitation, and occasions of farre better exercises. Fiftly, the company, from the exercises done on the probacon-daies, shall trewly be informed, when and how often soever they please, w~ch * The company and school, on perusing the above, cannot but observe some occa- sional, differences between the orders of the seventeenth century and the practice of the nineteeth ; but those individuals who are best, acquainted with the detail of busi- ness on probation-days will rather be astonished at the general conformity which has subsisted, for more than two hundred years than surprised at the few, deviations which •. -have taken place in such a length of. time. 168 THE HISTORY OP schollers, of the highest form, bee absolutely the best, and w~ch simply bee the worst, whereby the Merchant-Tailors, at the election-day, shall the better know w~ch of the said scholars is most fytt to bee preferred to St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxford, and not depend so much upon others. Lastly, although the papers of the schollers' exercises, written on the probation-daies, should presently bee cancelled, burnt, or converted into any other use, yet shall the schollers' benefit, arising principally from the makeing thereof, bee the same, as yf they were reserved for posterity. Howbeit, yt cannot be denied but that the keeping of them for the viewe of posterity will cause some greate care both in the preparacon and make- ing thereof. Wee, whose names are hereunder subscribed, allowe and thinke very good and necessarie that the orders and exercises aforesaid bee used by the schoole-maister, ushers, and schollers, of the Marchant-Tailors' Schoole, for their most profyt in learning and commendacon of the schoole and founders of the same. John Overall, Deane of Paul's.* John Dove, Doctor in Divinity .f John Spencer, Doctor in Divinity.;}; Nicholas Felton, Doctor in Divinity .§ John Childerley, Doctor in Divinity .|| And also, by these assistants of the company, Nowell Sotherton, one of the Barons of the Exchequer.^ John Swynnerton, Knight and Alderman.** Geffrey Elwes, Alderman. Richard Gore, a M~r of the Company.ft and Thomas Juxon, an other M~r of the Company. * "John Overall, S.T. P. was sometime fellow of Trinity-College, in Cambridge, then master of Katherine-Hall, and at length the king's professor of divinity in that university. In 1592 I find him admitted to the vicarage of Epping, Essex, at the pre- sentation of Sir Thomas Heneage, Knt. and, May 29, 1 602, Fe~ hadlhTprebend of Totenhale conferred on him, and the same day was elected dean of St. Paul's • and whilst dean, was one of the first fellows, and the first in order, of the college of Chel- •sey, in Middlesex, appointed by King James I. himself, May 8, 16 10. He was pro- locutor of the lower house of convocation, called anno 1(503, (1 Jac.) and continued by adjournments and prorogation to 1610, and drew up, in three books, in manuscript, the acts and canons that passed therein, and now lately published, in 1690, by Arch- * merchant-Taylors' school. 16'9 The master and ushers were then sent for and acquainted with the orders which had been agreed upon, when William Carrell, bishop Sancroft, under the title of Bishop Overall's Convocation-Book. From the deanry of St. Paul's he was promoted to the bishoprick of Coventry and Litchfield, to which he was consecrated April 3, 16 14, and from thence translated to the see of Norwich, to which he was elected May 21, 1618, confirmed Sept. 30 following, and, dying May 12, 1619, was buried in the cathedral-church of Norwich. About the time of the restauration of King Charles II. Dr. John Cousin, Bishop of Durham, (who had been his secretary,) did, in honour of his memory, as having been one of the profoundest school-divines of our nation, erect a monument on the next pillar to his grave." — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 50. T " John Dove, a Surrey man, born of plebeian parents, was elected from West- minster-school a student of Christ-Church anno 1580, aged 18, and, after he had taken the degrees in arts, became a preacher of note in the university. In 1596, he proceeded in divinity, being at that time well-beneficed, if not dignified. He con- cluded his last day in April (about the 19th day) anno 1618." (Newcourfs Repertoriunii v. i. p. 436, among the rectors of St. Mary, Aldermary.) "What he has published may be seen in Wood's Athenae, v. i. p. 432. % Probably the same with" John Spencer, S.T.P. one of the first fellows of Chelsea- College. — See Fuller's C/mrch History, b.x. p. 52. § "Nicholas Felton, upon the death of Griffith, succeeded next in this prebend (Chamberlain-Wood.) He was collated by the archbishop of Canterbury to the rec- tory of St. Mary-le-Bow Jan. 17, 1595, being then bachelour of divinity, which he resigned before April 28, 1617. He was admitted rector of Eston Magna, {Essex,) Oct. 23, 1616, but how or when he voided it appears not, and collated to this pres~ bend March 4 following, (being then doctor of divinity.) Dec. 14, 1617, he was con- secrated to the bishoprick of Bristol, (holding, it seems, this prebend in commendam, till he resigned it about Nov. 1618,) and, March 11 following, was translated, to the sea of Ely. , He was the son of a sea-faring man. in Yarmouth, scholar, fellow, and at last master of Pembroke-Hall, in .Cambridge, doctor of divinity, and parson of St. Antholioe's, where, saith my author, he had been minister twenty-eight years, and, dying Oct. 5, 1626, was buried in that church under the communion-table. He was a great scholar,— a painful preacher in London for many years, with no less profit to others thari credit to himself, fee had a sound head and sanctified heart, beloved by God, and ajl.good men, very hospitable to all, arid charitable to the poor."— New.coult't Repertorium, v. i, p. 1 36. || See page 135, note. • If See pages 150, 157, note. ** See page 150, note. ft See page 150, note. z 170 niE history or the chief usher, candidly acknowledging that he was not able to teach Greek ; Hayne very kindly undertook to supply his defied ency, and promised that the new regulations should be carried into effect.* In the following June, Christopher Reelye, William Harris, William Rippin, and .A dam Langley.f were elected scholars of St. John s ; and, in consequence of a letter from the president and senior fellows, it was determined to raise the allowance for their travelling charges from six to ten pounds, on condition that the * " According to order and dheccon from our m~r, wardens, and assistaunts, and upon notice and warning in that behalf given, there resorted to this court Mr. William Hearts, M~r of Arts, being the companies cbiefe sehoolenTr of their gramwef schools in St. Lawrence Pountneys, London, and 1 William Carreli, Thomas Heane, and John Waterson, Batchelers of Arte, being the three ushers of the said schoole, unto whom* rekeon was made, that the company being very desirous to preserve the credit* of their schoole, and that the sehollers might increase and proffytt in teaming, and that the company might receave better informacon and satisfaccon, which schollers snalbe raoast worthy and fytt to be preferred, by the proseetrcon and great care and 1 paynes of the right worshipful Mr. Robert Dow, a grave and worthy old maister, and liberal! benefactor to this company, diverse orders concerning a. probation of the said schoole, three several! fymes in the yere, were devised, approved, and allowed by divers* reverend and worthy doctors;, and other learned men, for' the good of the schoote, which orders were openly redd unto the sehoolenTr and ushers at this court. And, by a general consent concluded and agreed, that the same shalbe duly observed and put in execution, and it is ordered^ that the same shalbe sntr-ed in the booke-, and" added to the ©fders auneiently made for the governensent of the schoole, andi that the eomon elarck of this company shall deliver unto the said Mr. Heane the schoolem*'r ati>ewe coppie of the said 1 orders, concerning the probation aforesaid tothend he may 4ake> especial} eaie- that the same may be putt in execueon according to the trew intent and meaning thereof. And, whereas the said William Carrell, the- chief usher, doth, confess© himself to be ignoraunt in the Greeke tongue, soe as he' is not able- to per- forme that which is required in his place, Mr. Heane, the chief m~r, coHsending-th* greate care and dilligenee of Mr. Carrell in teaching the Latin tongue, doth there- fore on his behalf undertake to supply Mr. Carrell's, want in the Greeks, and to see the orders trewlie performed by himself and all his ushers throughout the whole schoole." — Seeminutes of court, 14 January, 1607. ° (l • t MS. account. ''-' MERCUANTVTAYLOJRS' SCHOOL. .171 members of the college received it as a free gift and continued to " use the company lovingly and kindly."* Shortly after this the king Avas pleased to signify his intention of dining with the company at their hall on the day fixed for the election of master and wardens. Buckeridge was appointed to preach the sermon,-f- and Hayne was desired to train some of his boys to welcome his majesty. And thus would the school have borne a distinguished part in the business of the day. But, un- fortunately, Sir John Swinnerton, or some one else who had the ear of the court, suggested to them that the schoolmaster and scholars not being acquainted with the kind of entertainments likely to please royalty, it would be better to contract with Ben Jonson for " a speech, musique, and other inventions,";}: which was done accordingly. § * " And moreover, at this assembly there was openly redd a Tre lately sent from the president and term seignior fellowes of St. John Baptists Colledg in Oxon, and upon full consideracon thereunto had it was concluded and agreed that the some of vi H - which the company yerely gave to the president and two seignior fellowes for their charges in coming to our schoole against St. Barnabas day shalbe increased iiii"- and made up the some of x u upon this condition that they use the company lovingly *nd kindly, and the same to have contynuance no longer then may stand with the good pleasure and liking of the company, and not to be accompted any matter of duty but the free guift and bounty of the company. " Thelection of schollers are entred in a bill indented, made for that purpose, whereof one parte remayneth with the company, and another with the colledg." — Minutes of court, 11 June, 1607. f See minutes of court, 16 July, 1607. J " Whereas the company are informed that the kings moast excellent ma'* with our gratious queene, and the noble prince, and diverse honorable lords and others, determyne to dyne at our hall on the day of theleccon of m~r and wardens, therefore this meeting was appointed to advise and consult howe every thinge may be performed for the reputacon and creditt of the company, and to give his raa'» best lykeing and contentment, &c. &c. &c. And Sir John Swynnerton is entreated to conferr with Mr. Beniamyn Johnson, the poet, about a speech to be made to welcome his una'}' and for musique and other inventions which may give liking and delight to his ma'- v Z-3 172 THE HISTORY OF But, though the company had been prevailed on to doubt whe- ther their young orators could give contentment to a king, they by reason that the company doubt, tha.t their schoolenfr and schollers be not ac- quainted with such kinde of entertagnements." — Minutes of court, 27 June, 1607/ § " A. D. 1607.— On the 16th of July, the day of election of master and wardens, his majesty, (James I.) accompanied by Prince Henry, and attended by a great num- ber of the nobility, came into the city, and repaired to M~t Taylors Hall, where he was splendidly entertained witb great variety of music, vocal and instrumental, and speeches, in a chamber called the King's Chamber. Dinner was no sooner over, than the master (John Swinnerton), and wardens, accompanied by the recorder (Sir Henry - Montague), and divers of the aldermen of the city, in the name of the company, returned humble and hearty thanks for the great honour he had done the fraternity, and presented him with a purse of gold. Whereupon Richard Langley, the com- panys clerk, showed his majesty a roll, which contained the names of 7 kings, 1 queen, 17 princes and dukes, 2 duchesses, 1 archbishop, 31 earls, 5 countesses, 1 viscount, 24 bishops, 66 barons, 2 ladies, 7 abbots, 7 priors, and 3 sub-prior, besides a great number of knights and esquires, who had been members of their company. The king, having read this roll with great pleasure, declared that he was free of another com- pany; but, to honour theirs, the prince, his eldest son, sh~d become one of their members, and himself honour the ceremony with his presence, when the garland sh~d be put upon his head, and then they resorted to the prince, who dined*in the g~t hall; which was no sooner performed, than the master of the company presented his royal highness with a purse of gold ; and the clerk showing him the above-mentioned roll, he was so highly delighted therewith, that he sent one of hisx>fficers to require of aH the nobility then- present (who were not free of other companies), that if fi^ey had any affection for him, to accept of their freedom in his company. Whereupon they all, with humble acknowledgements to his royal highness, readily accepted the same. And. so were accordingly made free 22 earls and lords, and a great many other knights and esquires ; and of the clergy, Dr. Montague, Dean of the Chapel, and' Adam New- ton, Dean of Durham, and the prince's tutor, and three noblemen of the low coun- tries, ambassadors to the king, viz. John Berke, Lord in. Godschalk Cort, Counsellor of Dort; Sir John de Maldere, Knight, L~d of Heyes, 8te. and Chancellor of Zealand; Sir Noel de Caron, Knight, L~d of Schoonwel, &c. Ambassador Ledger from the States. The names of some of the English nobles, that had their freedoms of this company granted them at this time, were the Duke of Lenox, the Earl of Notting- ham, L~d Admiral; the Earl of Suffolk, L~d Chamberlain; the Eari of Salisbury, prin- cipal Secretary to the King : and several other knights and gentlemen, Scotch and English." — Stoze's Survey, vol. ii. p. 277. The account of this royal visit in MaitJandj MERCHANT-f AYLOKS' SCHOOL. 1?3 were not inattentive to the maintenance of the establishment in credit and reputation. With this view, they were accustomed, after prayers at their quarterly courts, to read the original statutes and more recent regulations of the school, that such salutary ordinances might never become a dead letter. And to the din- ners on these occasions the schoolmaster was always invited, the court rightly judging that in honouring the teacher they honoured the foundation over which he presided.* At a meeting of this nature, on the 21st of March, 1608, above a year after the establishment of the probation, Dow proposed that the probation itself should be examined twice in the year by two learned men, between the hours' of six and eleven in the fore- noon. With the assistance of his literary friends, he had drawn up some orders for the establishment and conduct, of this exami- nation. And so manifest were the advantages^ likely to arise from this additional check, that the court would have given their im- mediate assent, had they not been apprehensive that what was so excellent in theory might possibly prove difficult*in execution. However, it was agreed that the experiment should be tried; with- out delay. And accordingly next morning Dr: Gwynn and Mr. is remarkably incorrect. Among other inaccuracies it is stated to have taken place two years later. * " vii December, 1607. Memorandum .—This was the first quarter-day that this nTr kept, in. regard Mich s quarter-day was put of by reason of the visitation of sickr nes within the citty at that tyme. " This day before dynner (according to auncient customej the names of the lyvery were called, and noticetaken of such as were ahsent. Then in reverent manner prayer was made, every, man kneeling. After which the names of the benefactors and their charitable and godly devises were openly read and remembred. And also the mate- riall ordynaunces for the government of the company, and the orders for the com- panies gram mer schoale at St. Lawrence Pountneys were openly redd, and then pre- paration was made for dynner, whereunto were invited, the whole assistaunts, and the ladies,. and ould maisters wiefs, and the wardens wyefs of the present yere, and the preacher, the schoolemaister, warden substituts, and almesmen of the lyvery, as in . auncient tyme hath ben accustomed,"— -See minutes of court. 374 THF, HISTORY OF Wbtton, a divine of considerable popularity,* met at the school a little after six o'clock, and proceeded to ascertain, in the presence of Dow and the wardens of the company, whether what was m* quired by the new orders could be performed within the given time. The result was highly satisfactory to all parties. The teachers Were found to have done their duty. Many of the scholars were reported " to. be fytt to be preferred to the universities." And Dow, highly gratified at the success of his device " did of his owne proper costs satisfy the learned men, the scbooleinr, usbera, and officers, as in the writing, or orders, is mencioned."-f* i * * He was the author of many polemical wdrks, the dedications to most of which are dated " from the Tower-hill." He was probably lecturer at All Hallows, Barking, as in that church he preached a course of sermons, which" were afterwards published. ' 'f u At this court was made krrdwrie Unto 'the company th'ef gre~ate tiare which Mr. Robert How, an aunrient m~r awd Kberalt betrefaclor of Ibis company, hath for the good of the companies granaer schoole in. St. Lawrence Poufrtneys', London, Thai, whereas above a yere past, he having had the opynion of diverse learned men, and with their approbation had caused certen orders to be drawen and allowed of for the probation of theVhole schools three tymes irt the yete^ Viz', the kith day of March, th« xith ©f September, and the xith of December only by the ttfr of the sehoole arid his three ushers, as. by the said orders being aUowted by fyve fafeous doctors may appeare. Now the said Mr. Dow being still desirous that the said schoole should florish, hath likewise, with the advise of lerned men, devised certen orders for thex- amyhation of the schoole's probation by two learned men two severall tymes in the yere, viz. betweene the xvth and last day of the moneth of March and September, and that the whole busines should be soe well plotted and fbreseene, that all thi&exa- mynacon be fully donne in one forenoorre betweene the howers of vi and xi, Or soone after. The purpose and entent of which said examynacon is for the better satisfaccon of the company as well of 'the trewe and faithful!' perfWrnaunce of the probations by the schoolertTr arid his ushers, as afsoe that they maye understand hoWe the boyes proffyt in learriinge, which said orders for examynacon of the schoole's probation We're considered and allowed by certen comytteeS of the company. Neverthelesse it wag desired that a present trial! might be made by two learned men to understand whethet th£ sard examynacohs might be performed in one forenoone, and whether Upon exatnyfiation they should thinck fytt to alter or reforrrie any of the said orders'. Whereupon it is ordred that the company shail presently entreate Mr. Doctor Gwynn and Mr. WoOttori, two judidous men, well learned both in Greeke and Latyrt, to-ihoi'- WERCHANt-TAYXORg' SCHOOL. Yf$ THE EXAMINATION OF THE SCHOOLE'S PROBATION. Cfre preface* HfflfytttfMt certen orders are appointed for the probacon of alt the SCh6- lers of Marcbant-tailors' Schoole three severall times hi the yeare, Viz. upon the eleaventh dales of March, September, and December, devised with confirmation of certeine doctors to bee done (for good considerations) by the maister of the schoole, and his three ushers; onely,' and to bee entred into the Schoole's Register, with the maister and his three ushers hands subscribed thereunto, and then signified to the maister and wardens of the company of Marchaun tailors at their co"m0n hall, and there entred into their court booke, It is further thought meete and convenient for the better satisfaction of the sayd maister a«d wardens and tiourte' Of assis- tants, as well for the tme and faithfall pfbrmance of the sayd probations ~hf the majster of ttoe schoole and his three ushers, as also, from time to th»e, «o» knowe wbicft boyeS profitt most; and bee y* best and 1 likeliest scholers in the sfece several! ftwnfles, that the sard probations havte their examination awd ftryaB, and tbe same to bee truly and daly observed and kept for ever, except they shaM, upon grave and needefuH considerations, w«6i good ad^fee and consent), after and chaunge any part thereof. Wnfch sayid «*&H&ft*a«ien shalfeee made and done, at two severall' tymeS every yere, in manner and forme blowing : This exaroifladSaa shaHiee made by ttw-o'jud'iictoUs' ttretoy wel? teatrned b6th i»Greeke and L^tiae, apt am* fttt for that p*t>rpoSe, and' bemg 1 by the maiates and wardens .thereunto requested 2 or 3^ day es before the say*d rowe next to jepaier to the schoole and to perform the said irust. And! be it rerneii)- bred that the next mornirrg in the presence of Mr. Dow himself and the wardens, the said two learned men mett at the schoole, considred of the orders, and performed the said examination within the tyme lymited, and did* ve*y much coinend the de- vising thereof* and gave good allowance of diverse pf.the schollers commending many of them to-be f'ytt to b,e preferred to the universities. And the service being, performed, Mr. Dow did of his owne proper costs satisfy the learned men, the schoplerrfr, ushers, rfnd officers, as in the writing, or" orders', is mencioned."— See minutes of couH, S'l March, 16©8. 176 THii HISTORY OE foienoone of examination, and in the south part of the schoole commonly called the Chappell in one forenoone onely betweene the eleaventh and tweutith dayes of the monthes of March; and September. The whole business thereof shalbee so well plotted and foreseene, that all £his exami- nation bee fully done beetweene the howers of sixe and eleaven, or soone after that all that bee present may the better end and depart before twelve of the clocke, because it is meant that at this examination there shalbee neither eating nor drincking, except a little to staye one's stomack, as is hereunder appointed and mentioned. 2. Of the Persons onely to bee present, the time of coming together, iiik?. a piece, thought good, by the donour so to bee divided equally, I for the moi;e care to bee had by the sayd ushers fpr their ap- plying the scholers under them ----.-__._. To the companie's clarke -----_-_.._.__ — iii iiii To their beadle for warning the assembly, and attending at the > schoole, that none come to trouble the examination - - - - I XV1 There shalbee payd unto the maister of the schoole for beere, ale,- and new manchet bread with a dish of sweete butter, which hee shall have ready in the morning, with two fine glasses s^etj upon the table, and covered with two faire napkins, and twoS u faire trenchers, with a knife laid upon each trencher, to th'end| that such as please may take part to stay their stomacks, un- till the end of the examination MERCHANT-TAYLOKS' SCHOOL. 1?9 8. An Exposition of the Cohtpariies meaning touching this examination. It is not meat by this examination any other matter, but to give the com- pany light how their schoole standeth with' the diligence of the maister and his three ushers, and their scholers good proceeding in learning, and how truly the probations were by the schoplemaister and the three ushers pformetl.* In the June following the establishment of this examination, Rowland West wood, John Hayne, and Anthony Bear block,* were elected scholars of St. John's.-)- Oh the 13th of September, the Probation-Book was presented to the court? according to order; and, on the 20th of the same month, between the "hours of six and eleven in the morning, there was an examination by Robert Hill, Bachelor in Divinity,:}: and * The principal deviations from the above orders will be found in the following par- ticulars ; some of which may be traced to the alteration of manners, and some to express regulations of the company. — The examination now begins about the time (half past eleven) when it used to leave off. — Instead of " two honest men ffathers or ffreinds" of the scholars, called thither by " the maister of the schoole for testimony of the companies care and his own faithfullnes," there is an " assembly of confers" desirous of witnessing the examination of a number of ingenuous youths, who second by their own efforts the pains of their instructors, and deserve, what they never fail to experience, the candour and liberality of their examiners. — To the " beere, ale, manchet bread, and sweete butter," which " the maister of the schoole" is bound to " have ready," his well known hospitality adds a " neat repast," which I cannot better describe than in the words of Milton, — " light and choice, " Of Attick taste, with wine." The " one halfe hower glasse and two faire trenchers" have disappeared ; and, in- stead af every one at the end of the examination going about his business, many a guest is invited to the hall by the company,— " Whose board, with plenty crown'd, " Revives the feast-rites old." Philips. + MS. account. 2 Robert Hill, B.D. was presented to the rectory of St. Margaret Moses, 15 Sept. 1607, and resigned it in 1613, on being presented to the rectory of St. Bartholomew's Aa 2 180 THE HISTORY OF William Gouge, Master of Arts,* in the presence of the wardens, and Dow, " the first devisor and sole mayntaynor of the probacon and examynacon, — who hath given satisfaccon to the company (amongst other his memorable acts) to pay xl sh two severall tymes yerely for the performance of this present service of examinaeon and care for ever."-f ' The examiners " gave good allowance of the by tbe Exchange.— See Newcourt's RepertoHum, v. i. p. 404. " In the Athen. Oxotu (v.i. fasti 167,) we are told that this Rob. Hill was bachelour of divinity of Christ College in Cambridge, and incorporated in the same degree in the university of Oxford, July JO, 1604, and was (as is there said) about that time, parson of S. Bar- tholomew, near to the Exchange, in London, which appears to be a mistake, for he was not admitted to this church of S. Bartholomew, till the year 161S, and was at that time doctor of divinity, as may be seen above. He was always esteemed a learned man, and a painful preacher. He died in 1623, and was buried near to the body of his wife in the chancel of this church." — • Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 292. * " Will. Gouge, M.A. of Cambridge. He was a native of Stratford, Bow, in Mid- dlesex, was educated in King's Coll. of which he was fellow/ afterwards he- was doct. of div."— Woods Athena, v.i. fasti 184. % " Whereas, upon the xiii' h of September, lfJ08, there was presented to the m~r, wardens, and divers of the assistaunts, the Register Booke of the Schoole's Probation, as by an order entred in the Companies Register Booke of Ordinary Courts appeareth, be it novve remembred that upon Tuesday the xx th day of the saidmoneth of Septem- ber, in the presence of the right worshipfull Mr. Robert Dowe, an auncient m~r of this company, and the first devisor and sole mayntaynor of the- probacon and examy- nacon herein entred, also in the presence of Mr. Thomas Henshawe, Mr. Anthony Holmeade, Mr. George Liddiatt, and Mr.Ffrancis Evington, th& fower present war- dens of this society, there was an examynation made of the said probation b}' Mr. Robert Hill, Batchelor in Divinity, and Mr. William Gouge, M~r of Arts, two iudi- cious. learned men, thereunto requested, and the same was performed according to thorders in that behalf devised, betweene the bovvers of vi and xi of the clock in the fbrenoone of the same day. And then the said Mr. Dowe and the said fower wardens intreated the learned men to informe them howe the schollers did proffitt, and whe- ther the schoolem~r and ushers did faithfully and wisely performe their duties, &e. Whoe upon examynacon of thexercises formerly made by the schollers of each forme, dyd lynde that the same were made by themselves simply without any inforcement-by the schoolerrTr or ushers, and alsoe gave good allowaunce of the schoolem~r and ushers MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 181 schooJemr and ushers care, diligence, and order, in their instruc- con/' without excepting Carrell, whose assenting to teach the ih- feriour forms instead of those which had formerly been under his charge, so wrought upon the company, that, at a court on the 19th of November, it was ordered that he should retain the salary and title of chief usher, notwithstanding the degradation which he incurred by not being qualified to teach Greek.'* On Monday, the 13th of March, l6'09, the Probation-Book was presented ; and on the Thursday following the examination took place as before.-j- On St. Barnabas's Day, William Hutchenson, Martin Partridge, and John Filkins, were elected; scholars of St. John's.;]: P,n the 18th of September the Probation-Book was pre-- care, diligence, and order, in their irrstruccon, and did much comend the devising of /the same order. And then one of the wardens of the company did satisfy and pay the some of fforty, shillings (as the guift of the said Mr. Dow) which was. divided in forme following, viz. x sh a peece to thexamyners, iii sh iiii d a peece to the schoolenfr, S ushers, and comon clarck, xii d to the beadle, and ii sh iiii d upon a recreation or. drincking at that tyme, provided according to an order sett down by the said Mr. Dow, the donor thereof, who hath given satisfaccon to the company (amongst other his memorable acts)^ to pay xl sh two severall tymes yerely, for the performance of this present service of examinacOn and care for ever."— -See minutes of court. * " 19 November, r608. At this court, Mr. Carill, the chief usher of the com- panies grammer schoole at St. Lawrence Powntneyes in London, by reason that he is not learned in the Greeke tongue, doth (according to a former motion unto him made) very willingly assent to teach the schollers of the inferior formes, whoe are onely trayned up in the Latine tongue, soe as Mr. Heyne, the schoolenTr, may at his plea- sure appointe some learned man experienced in the Greek tongue, to teach these schollers which late were under the charge of the said Mr. Carill. In consideration of which said conformity, and because Mr. Carill hath long ben an usher in the said schoole, he shall still be satisfied the yerely allowance of xx n - belonging to the chief usher, and carry the name of chief usher, notwithstanding he teach the inferiour schollers." — See minutes of court. t The memorandum concerning the presentation of the Probation-Book, and the examination that 'followed, is made every subsequent half year, for several years, in. .nearly the same form, mutatis mutandis. J MS. account. 1§£ TrtK HISTORY OF sented ; and on the 23d of the same month there was an examina- tion by -the same learned men as had hitherto performed that ser- vice. The only difference was that Hill had now taken the dxsgree of doctor in divinity.* ■ ■ Shortly after this, however, the examiners were called to a pain- ful and distressing duty. They were solicited-, together with An- thony Wotton, who has been already mentioned*, to assist the company in determining some differences which had risen between Hayne and Carrell, which tended much to the prejudice of the school.-f What the cause of the disagreement was, or who was the offending party, we are not informed. It only appears* that Caffell quitted his situation about the end of the year.:]: Of late it had been the practise of the court to vote Ffysshe's batlings as matters of course to whatsoever students were recom- mended by the president and senior fellows of the college. But as this had the effect of taking the election out of the hands of * See minutes of court. *f- Fforasmuch as the company are informed of some disagreement betweene Mr. Heynes, the companies schoolemaister of their gramer schoole at St. Lawrence Sountrieyes, and Mr. Carroll, one of the ushers of the same schoole, which is like'to tend to the great preiudice of the schoole, if some speedy order be not taken therein, It is therefore agreed, that the said schoolmaister and usher shalbe warned to a courte of assistaunts, and that then Mr. Doctor Hill, Mr. Wootton, and Mr. Gouge, three iuditious learned men, shalbe intreated to be all three present to assist the company in examynation of the differences betweene the said schoolemaister and usher, to thend the company may take such further order for the redresse of the same, as to them shalbe thought convenient." — See minutes of court, 9 October, 1609. J He subscribed his name, for the last time, at the end of " the table of the schoole's probation, made the eleventh of December." But, as the company made him a present about half a year afterwards, it is not probable that he was much to blame in the differences between Hayne and himself, though, owing to his. inefficiency as a teacher, he had contended on very unequal terms, and had eventuajiy been obliged to quit the field. — See minutes of court, 20 June, 1 6 10. MERCHANT-TAYIORS* SCHOOL. 183 the company, they took an opportunity, that offered early in January, l6'10j of requiring that when a vacancy happened, two or three names should be sent up, that the court might make their own choice.* On Friday, the 17th of March, the Probation -Book was presented, and on the following Thursday there was an examination as usual ; but, from the examiners report on this occasion, it is evident that, owing to the late changes among the teachers, the boys in some particular forms were not so forward as they ought to have been.-j~ On. St. Barna basis Day no fewer than- six vacancies occurred, which were supplied by Henry Warner, William, Bigmore, Thomas Harrison, Philip Parsons, Thomas Stevens, and Leonard Dorwin.J The Probation-Book was presented on the 10th, and the examina*- tion took place on the 14th of September.! With the same attention " to the order prescribed by the com- pany in, this behalfe," the Probation-Book was presented on the * " And yt is agreedj.that when any of Mr. Ffyshe's exhibicons, comonly called Mr. Fishe's Ballings, shalhe void, that then the company will have the names of two or three such poore schollers, as by the guift of the donor are capable, out of which they may make eleccon, and not to be tyed, or bring the same to a presedent, to elect such one as the colledg shall, from tyme to tyme, write for and comend." — See minutes af eourt, 15 January, J 610. f " They did alsoe signifie that the third and fowerth founne had not soe well pro- fited in theire learninge as the others had done, Whereupon the schooleirTr was called and advised by the; maister aiad Mr. Dow, and alsoe by the said learned men, that from henceforth more speciall care and dilligence might be taken for the better teach- inge and instructinge of the said third and fowrth formes then heretofore had beeijie, whoe did excuse the same by the late change and alteracon of ushers within the said- schoole, and promised that the same shold be in all things hereafter more carefullie performed.. And for the first, second, fift, and sixt formes, the said learned men did' give good allowance of the schoolemaister and ushers care, diligence, and ordei! in theire instruqeon, fynding many forward and towardly children in th^ said fowei formes," &c. — See minutes of court. <*'- <* J MS. account. § See minutes of court. £84 T H E ;r It iSTOR iTo F " " ' " " 11th of March, 1611, and the examination took place on the 14th of the same month.* On election-day, William Sherburne and John Smith were chosen scholars of St. John's.f On the 17th of September the Probation-Book was presented, and two days ufter- wards the boys were examined as usual.J The amiable man, to whom the school was and is still indebted for such admirable regulations, was now declining in health. He lived to witness but one more probation and trial Of the school. The book was presented on the 9th of March, 1612, the examina- tion took place on the 17th of the same month ;§ and, early in May, Dow exchanged this life for a better. The funeral proces- sion moved with great solemnity from Merchant-Taylors' Hall to St. Michael's Church, in Cornhill. And the company omitted nothing in their power to testify their respect for so good a bene- factor.j| . About this time Hayne thought it would conduce to the im- provement of the boys, if partitions were made in the school, for the purpose of separating one form from another, or the pupils of one teacher from those of the others, that every one's attention might be confined to his own business ; and the company acceded to the proposal, on condition that the partitions were so con- trived as to admit of being taken down at every election-day, * See minutes of court -j- MS. account. % See minutes of court. § See minutes of court. || " 8 May, 1612. Ffirst at this courte, a mocon being made by our m~r, that it was the desire of Mr. Raph. Hamor and Mr. Zachary Dow, two of the nearest kynd to Mr. Robert Dow deceased, a worthy member, and good benefactor of this com- pany, to have the body of the said Robert Dow carried out of this hall, and the funerall dynner for such as accompany the corps to church to be kept in the same ; it is therefore graunted, with a generall consent, that both the hall lynnen and plate, belonging to the same, shalbe freely'lent, to performe the last duty of so woorshipfull a. brother."— See minutes of court merchant-Taylors' school. 185 from which we may infer, that the original school-room was not inferior to the present.* The scholars elected to St. John's were William Staple, John Speed, and Giles Rankin ;-f to the last of whom the company voted forty shillings " towards his chardges in. setting "forth to the said colledg."J The only remarkable circum- stance that occurred towards the close of the year was, that Hayne omitted the probations in September and December; from, which it is not unfair, perhaps, to conclude, that Dow's orders had never received his cordial approbation. But, though the schoolmaster was thus indelicately deficient in his duty, the com-, pany were not forgetful of the institutions of their deceased bro-. ther. The boys were examined at the customary season by Dr. Harris^ and Gouge,|| and the ushers, not being to. blame, were paid their allowances.^ * " Whereas also at this courte, a mocon was made by Mr. Hayne, the companies, schoolenTr, to have particons made in the. companies schoole at St. Lawrence Pount-, neys, shewing how necessary and profitable it wilbe, for the better instructing of the schollers, it is therefore upon good consideracon ordered and agreed, that such par- ticons shalbe made as shalbe thought necessary, and so to have them contrived, that, the most parte may be taken downe, at evry eleccon day, so as the bewty of, the schoole be no way blemished by the same, and Mr. Warden Booth by and. Mr. War- den Gore are appointed to oversee the same worck." — See minutes of court, 8 May, 1612. f MS. account. % See minutes of court, 17 June, 16 12. § Probably Richard Harris, S.T. P. Rector of Gestingthorp, Mi ddlesex , 1 599, and of Brad wel l, Essex, 16_1 2. — See Newcourt's Repertorium, v. ii. p. 85 and 280. | " Memorandum, that, albeit there was not at this tyme any probacqn made by Mr. Haynes, the companies schoolemTr of their grammer schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneys (of the schollers exercises) as heretofore hath byn usual), yet be it remem-_ bred, that upon ffryday the eighteenth day of September, 1612, in the presence or Robert Jenkinson, Raph. Hamor, and William Gore, three of the wardens, there was an examynacon made of the said schollers by Mr. Harris, Doctor in Divinity, and Mr. William Gouge, M> of Arts, &c."— See minutes of court. f " x May, 1613. To this courte came the three ushers of the companyes gramer schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneyes in London, to intreate that, although Mr. Hayne did neglect the probacon exercise for two sevrall tymes, viz. the 11th of September Bb 186 , THfi HISTOEY OP In consequence of the discussion, which, it is probable, took place on this occasion, the probation was strictly attended to the following March. On the loth of that month the book was pre- ■; sented, and next day the boys were examined by Harris and Hill.* But, as the sameness of these occurrences cannot but be- tedious to the reader, I shall here bid them farewell. Only let it be re- membered that,- though the probations were afterwards increased to four, and in a later age reduced to two in the year, the half yearly examinations have been maintained with little or no inter- ruption for two centuries ; and while we attribute much of the diligence, which has been displayed by masters and boys during that period, to the natural effect of those periodical incitements to the discharge of duty, let not the name of the worthy member of the court, to whom we are indebted for the stimulus, be de- frauded of his share of credit and applause. On the llth of June, 1613, Gregory Ballard was elected scholar of St. John's.f — And on the 30th of the same month, Sir William 'Craven:]: gave the college the parsonage of Creek in Northampton- shire,§ on condition -that, as often as it was vacated, they should present to it one of their senior fellows who had been educated at Merchant-Taylors', and had spent his time in the study of divi- nity. || The conveyance was passed by an indenture tripartite, to and the llth of t>ecember, and therefore did not deserve the allowance due for the same, it would please the company to consider of them, whose paynes and diligence was taken as carefully for their parts, as if the said probacon had bin performed, accordinge' to order by the m~r of the schoole. Whereupon cori.sideracon being had, it is ordered and agreed, that they shall have paide them their nobles a peece for each of the two probacon dayes abovenamed, which amountelh in totall to the some of ffortie shillings, Mr. Warden Hoskins to paie the same, and have it allowed in his acconipt." — See minutes of court. * See minutes of court. f MS. account. £ Seepage 149, note. § Gutch's Colleges and Halls, p. 541. || From Bridges's History of Northamptonshire, (v. i. p.56l,) the MS. account often referred to, and other authentick sources of information, I have gleaned the following aotjices of the incumbe nts of Cre ek : — WilliamLaude, Bishop of St.David's, compounded MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 187 one part of which " the company, beinge made a party to the purchase and to the trust/' affixed their seal at a court on the 2d of July.* for his first fruits, 4th April, 1623; Nicholas Cliffe, B.D. was buried 17th Sept. 1635 ,.; ; ' Thomas Harrison compounded for his, first fruits, 3 1st May, 1636; Stephen Fowler,. M.A. was presented 1st Aug. 1650, apd compounded for his first fruits 18th Feb. following; Thomas Winnard, B.D. was presented 4th Oxt.1 662, and, occurs in the Parish Register, 1675; Richard Bletclrunden, B. D.^liefl 7 1097V Arthur Buckeridge,, B.D. was inducted 12lh Nov. 1 697/: and buried 1.5th May,, 1706; Sam. Smith, B. D. v was presented 1707, and died 19 Nov. 1719; John Gillmatn vJh was inducted 1719; Hawley Bishop, D.C.L.„was presented;, 1742 ; John Spier^D.D. was presented 1758; George Lethulier Schoen, D.C.L. is the present incumbent. One of the qualifica- tions prescribed by the donor, has not been uniformly found in the fellows, who have obtained this preferment : they have not all " spent their tyme in studie of divinitie in, the said eolledge." But all of them, except Laud and Fowler, were educated at Mer» chant-Taylprs', and so far strictly answered part of the description in Sir William Craven's grant. Laud, who obtained leave to hold this living in commendam with, the see of St. David's, as has been observed in the note, p. 153, had been educated at Reading ; and Fowler, who held, it two years with his fellowship, had been admitted into the college by the parliamentary visitors. " Stephanus Fowler, M.A. Exdecreto visitatorum academic a parliamento delegatorum dat ]3 Mar. 1649, ad missus est soiius, et, paulo post vice-prases. Aug. 1, 1650, electus ad Rectoriam. de Creek* adeo tamen ut per, annos 2 proxime sequentes socii jus retineret." — Vid. Regisl. Coll. iii. pp. 426, 427, 428. * " Whereas Sir William Craven, knight and alderman of Loudon, a worshipfull member of this company, bearing a specyall affection to the preferment of the schol-. lers, which shall, from tyme to tyme, be elected from the Merchauntailors schoole, in St. Lawrence Pountneys, in London, to St. John Baptist Colledg in Oxon, when,, such tyme as they shall have spent their tyme in studie of divinitie in the said col-, ledge, and shalbe come one of the seignior fellowes of the same house, hath pur-, chased of Sir Olliver Cram well, the advowsion and patronage of the church and per- sonage of Creake in the countie of Northampton, and hath caused the same to.be graunted and conveyed to the president and schollers of the said eolledge and their, successors for ever, upon trust and confidence that the said president and schollers, as often as the said church or personage shall fall voide, shall electe to the same one of the tenn seignior fellowes, which was elected from the said schoole of Merchaunt- tailors, which conveyance is passed by indenture tripartite betweene Sir Olliver Cram- well on the first parte, the president and schollers on the second parlie, and the com- pany of Merchant tailors and the said Sir Wm. Craven on the third partie, in regard B b 2 188 THE HISTORY OF On St. Barnabas's Day, 16U, the election fell on John Lufton.* The examiners for the company were Overall, now Bishop of Litch- field and Coventry, and Bailey, Chaplain to Prince Henry jf and for the college, Laud, Tillesley,J and Juxon. whereof, the company beinge made a partie to the purchase, and to the trust, they are to putt their comon seale to the said assurance, therefore at this courte the said comon seale was annexed to two of the parts of the said assurance, to which likewise 13ir Wm. Craven hath in the presence of this assembly put to his hande and seale, and the said indentures were delivered to the president's servant of St. Johns Colledge to be sent downs to Oxon to thende the president and schollers shall send to this com- pany the thirde counterpane under the comon seale of St. Johns Colledge to remayne in the custodie of this soeietie." — See minutes of court, 2 July, 1613. * St. Barnabas Day, 1614. " did invite these learned men following, viz. the Bishopp of Coventry and Litchfield, late Deane of Paule's, and the now Deane of Paule's, whoe aunswering that he should be then at Cambridge, in his place was invited Mr. Doctor Bayley, Doctor of Divinity, both which were present, with diverse other learned men, Mr. Doctor Laud, the President of St, John Baptist Colledge in Oxford, and two of the seignior fellowes of the same howse, viz. Mr. Richard Tillesley and Mr. William Juxon repayred and came to the said schoole, presently upon whose cominge, ffive of the principall schollers of the said schoole did pronounce severall orations, whereunto Mr. R di Tillesley made a learned speech or aunswere. — 16 were examyned, — 5, viz. John Lufton, Thomas Atkinson, John Harvey, Xtopher Glynn, and John Dod, were put to election. Lufton had 12, Atkinson 1, Harvey 0, Glynn 6, Dod 1 ; soe the eleccon fell upon John Lufton." — See minutes of court. f " Lodowick, or Lewis Bayly, who was born in the antient borough of Caermar- then in Wales; and, as a member of Exeter Coll. was admitted to the reading of the sentences in 1611, being about that time minister of Evesham in Worcestershire, chaplain to Prince Henry, and rector of S. Matthew, Friday-Street, London ; but the time of his admission thereunto appears not. He proceeded in divinity two years after ; much about the same time, he being fam'd for his eminence in preaching was made one of the chaplains to King James I. who naming him Bishop of Bangor, he was consecrated thereunto, at Lambeth, Dec. 8, l6l6, whereupon his church of S. Matthew, Friday-Street, became void, as I suppose, as did this his treasurership (of St. Paul's) likewise, tho' it does not appear. He published " the Practice of Piety," and dying in the beginning of the year 1&S2 was buried in his church of Bangor." Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 107. J Richard Tillesley, educated at Coventry, was admitted M.A. 1607, and B.D. No- vember 25, 16 13, chaplain to the bishop of Rochester, rector of Ruckstone, in the county of Kent, archdeacon and canon of Rochester, and rector of Stone, in Kent. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 189 Under the auspices of the same learned prelate,, and Fenton, Prebendary of Pancras,* Thomas Atkinson was chosen in 16X5 ; and, because Christopher Glyn, one of the other scholars, a lad. of promising abilities, to whom the election was a considerable object in a pecuniary point of view, was too old to stand the following year, eleven members of the court very generously bound themselves and their executors to allow him twenty shil- lings each, annually, for ten years, and two others <{ gave him fforty shillings apeece towards his charges to Oxford/'f * " Roger Fenton was admitted to the church of St. Stephen, Walbrook, August 18, 1601, to St. Bennet Sherehog, Sept. 29, 160.3, which he resigned about Novem- ber, 1606, and, on the 14th of that month, was admitted to the vicarage of Chigwell, in Essex; after which, in 1609, Sept. 18, he was collated to this prebend of St. Pan- cras, whereby he then became rector and patron as well as vicar of that church ; which prebend, vicarage, and also the rectory of St. Stephen, Walbrook, he enjoyed till his death, which happened l6 January 1615-6^ uijhe 50th year of his age. He was buried under the communion-table in the chancel of St. Stephen, Walbrook, over whose grave was a stone laid with an inscription, whereby it appeared that he was a Lancashire man born, fellow of Pembroke-Hall, in Cambridge, doctor of divinity, and a person excellently well learned, pious, and beloved." — Newcourt's Repertorium, v.i. p. 197. t " St. Barnabas-Day, 1615. — This day falling upon the saboth-day, the companye's graofr-schoole at St. Lawrence-Pountneye's was visited on the Satterday before, and examyned by the reverent and learned men hereafter named. The stewards — did make very bountifull provision for the schoole-dynner, unto which dynner, and for the ap- positions and examynacon of our schollers, the wardens — did invite these learned men following, viz. the bishopp of Coventry and Litchfield, late deane of Paule's, and M~r Doctor Fenton, Doctor of Divinity, both which were present with diverse other learned men. — Seaven of the principall schollers did pronounce severall orations. It was agreed that, upon Sunday, about three of the clock in ,the afternoone, being St. Barnabas-Day, the whole assembly should meete agayne, only the bishopp of Coventry and Litchfield and M~r Doctor Ffenton excepted, vvhoe did upon the Satter- day sett their hand to the indenture, to confirme any of the fower that were in elec- con, and then proceed to their eleccon. Whereupon, by thadvice and assent of the sayd learned men, these fower, viz. Thomas Atkinson, Christopher Glyn, Thomas Day, and Anthony Death, were put to eleccon, and by scruteny and most voyces the eleccon did fall upon Thomas Atkinson, unto which eleccon the president and two 190 THE HISTORY OP In 1616, Smith, Bishop of Gloucester,* as well as Overall, Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry, honoured the school by at-. segnior fellowes gave their full and absolute liking, assent, and consent. — And be it remembered, that in regard Christopher Glyn, one of the fower that was in eleccon, by reason of his yeres, could not be eapeable the next yere, diverse of the company, whose names hereafter follow, out of their free will and charitable devocon towards the preferment of poore men's children that are likely to proove schollers, have graunted to the said Christopher Glyn the severall somes of twenty shillings a yere, to be payed by them or their executors for the terme of tenn yeres, yf the sayd Christopher Glyn shall soe long live, for which their great love and care of the youth the President (Laud,) and fellowes, gave the company greate thanks, and promised to accept of him into their colledge with all kyndnes. " The names of them that have promised xxsh. a yere to the sayd Christopher Glyn, for the terme of tenn yeres, yf he soe long live, viz. Mr. Randulph Woolley, then M~r. Mr.Humffrey Streete. Mr. John Gore. Mr. Raph Hamer. Mr. William Gore. Mr. Thomas Johnson. Mr. Thomas Boothbie. Mr. William Greenewell. Mr. Robert Jenkinson. Mr. John Slaney. Mr. Richard Wright. And Mr. Edward James and Mr. Thomas Marsham gave him fforty shillings a peece towards his charges to Oxford." — See minutes of court. * " Miles Smith, a fletcher's son, received his first breath within the city of Here- ford, became a student first in C. C. College about 1568, whence translating himself soon after to Brazen-nose, took the degrees in arts as a member of that house, where- in, by the benefit of a severe discipline that was in his time exercised, and by his indefatigable industry, he proved at length an incomparable theologist. About that time he was made one of the chaplains, or petty canons of Ch. Ch. and took the degree of bachelor of divinity, as a member of that royal foundation. Afterwards he became canon-residentiary of the cathedral church of Hereford, doctor of divinity, and, in 1612, bishop of Gloucester, to which see (which was given him for his great pains in translating the Bible) he received consecration 20th Sept. the same year. From his youth he constantly applied himself to the reading of antient classical au- thors of the best note in their own languages, wherewith, as also with neoterics, he was plentifully stored, and lusted after no worldly thing so much as books, of which, though he had great store, yet there were none scarce to be found in his library, espe- cially of the antients, that he had not read over, as hath been observed by those who have perused them since his death. He ran through the Greek and Latin fathers, MERCHANT-TAYLORS 1 SCHOOL. 191 tending the election, when Arthur Wingham was chosen scholar of St. John's.* and judiciously noted them in the margin as he went. The rabbins also, as many as he had, with their glosses and commentaries, he read and used in their own idiom of speech. And so conversant he was and expert in the Chaldaic, Syriac, and Arabic, that he made them as familiar to him, almost, as his own native tongue. , Hebrew also he had at his finger's ends, and withall stories of all times ; and, for his rich and accomplished furniture in that story, he had this elogy given him by a learned bishop of this kingdom, that he was a very walking library. For this his exactness in those languages he was thought worthy by King James I. to be called to that great work of the last translation of our English Bible, wherein he was esteemed the chief, and a workman that needed not be ashamed. He began with the first, and was the last man in the translation of the work ; for, after the task of translation was finished by the whole number set apart and designed to that business, being some few above forty, it was raised by a dozen selected from them, and at length referred to the final examination of Bilson, Bishop of Winlon, and this our author, who, with the rest of the twelve, are stiled, in the History of the Synod of Dort, vere eximii et alt initio in toto hoc opere versatissimi, as having happily concluded that worthy labour. All being ended, this excellent person, Dr. Smith, was commanded to write a preface, which being by him done, it was made public, and is the same that is now extant in our church Bible, the original whereof is, if I am not mistaken, in the Oxonian Vatican. He hath written, besides what is before mentioned, " Sermons, Lond, 1632, fol," They are fifteen in number, and were transcribed out of his original MSS. the first of which is on Jer. ix. 23, 24. He departed this mortal life in the beginning of Novem- ber, in sixteen hundred twenty and four, and was buried on the 9th of the same month in our Lady's Chappel, in the cathedral church of Gloucester, leaving behind him two sons, which he had by his first wife, (Mary Hawkins, of Cardiff,) named Gervase, of the Middle Temple, Gent, and Miles Smith." — Wood's Athena, v. i. p.490. * " 11 June, 1616. — did invite the learned men following, viz. the Bishop of Gloces- ter and the Bishop of Litchfield and Coventrie, both which were present, with divers other learned men at dinner. Seaven of the principall schollers did pronounce severall orations in Greek and Latin. Some sixteene of the principall schollers were examined. By thadvice and assent of the sayd learned men, the fower, viz. Arthur Wingham, Anthony Death, William Ames, and John Edwards, were put to eleccon,, and by scru- tinie and most voyces, the sayd Arthur Wingham had thirteene voyces, Anthony Death and William Ames none, and John Edwards sixe, so as by scrutinie and most voyces, the eleccon did fall upon Arthur Wingham, upon which eleccon the president and two segnior fellowes gave their full and absolute liking, assent, and consent. And 1X}% THE HISTORY OF Next year, it is remarkable, the election was conducted with- out either president or vice-president, the former being with the king in Scotland, and the latter detained at home by illness King, Bishop of London,* and Overall, however, were present, by whose advice John Edwards Avas elected.-j- And though their then was payed unto the president arid two segnior fellowes, by waye of good will from the company towards their riding charge_s, the some of tenn pounds. And soe all departed with good content and in loving manner." — See minutes of court. * " John King, Doctor of Divinity, was son of Philip King, of Wornal, near to Brill, in Bucks, (by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Edmund Conquest, of Houghton- Conquest, in Bedfordshire,) son of Thomas King, brother to Robert King, the first Bishop of Oxford. This our bishop was born at Wornal, before mentioned; brought up at Westminster school ; became a student at Christ Church in Oxford ; in 1576 took the degrees in arts; made chaplain to Queen Elizabeth, as he was afterwards to King James; installed Archdeacon of Nottingham, August 12, 1590; admitted to the church of S. Andrew's, Holborn, being then Bachelour of Divinity, May 10. 1597, and to the Preb. of Sneating, in the cathedral church of S. Paul, October 16, 1599; afterwards he was made chaplain to Egeiton, Lord Keeper ; proceeded doctor of divinity in 1602; had the deanry of Christ-Church aforesaid conferred on him in 1605, and was afterwards several years together, vice-chancellor of that university; in 1611 he had the Bishoprick of London bestowed on him by King James I. who commonly called him the King of Preachers ; his election was confirmed September 7 the same year; his consecration performed on the 8th; and his temporalities restored on the 18th of the same month ; at which time he was had in great reverence by all people ; he was a solid and profound divine, of great gravity and piety, and of a most excel- lent volubility of speech. — He died the 30th of March, 1621, and was buried in the south isle, over against the quire, in the cathedral church of S. Paul, under a flat marble, and had a long epitaph inscribed in a table hanging by, which may be seen in Hist. Paul. p. 73." — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 29. •f- St. Barnabas day, l6l7. " The wardens of this company did, fower or five dayes before, invite these learned men following, viz. the Bishopp of London and the Bishopp of Litchfield and Coventry, both which were present, with diverse other learned men, at dynner, at which tyme this yere in regard Mr. Doctor Lawd, the pre- sident of St. John's, was in Scotland with the king, and the vicepresident sick and not able to come, there was only two of the senior fellows, viz. Nicholas Cliffe and Ed- mond Jackson, which repayred and came to the said schoole upon St. Barnabas day, presently upon whose cominge nyne of the princypall schollers of the sayd schoole merchant-taylors' school. 19S lordships were much offended by the smoke from the chimney in the kitchen,* where the dinners on these occasions had been dressed for near forty years,*j~ they departed well pleased with: their classical entertainment. The countenance, which the school thus continued to receive from some of the highest dignitaries of the church, encouraged several opulent citizens to increase the ability, which the company already possessed, of furnishing assistance to students at the uni- versity. Of these, the first who came forward, in imitation of Ffysshe, was John Vernon,, who founded four exhibitions, of the annual value of four pounds each, for students in divinity at St. John's.^ The next was John Wooller, who established one exhi- did pronounce orations in Greek and Latyne, Stc. — s.ome twelve of the princypall schollers were examyned, — by the advise and assent of the sayd learned men, these fower, viz. William Ames, John Edwards, Jonas Owen, and Symon Saunders, were put in. eleccori, and by scrutenye and most voyces, the said Wm. Ames had one^ John. Edwards had twelve, Jonas Owen one, and Symon Saunders two, so as by scru- teny and most voyces the eleccon felL upon John Edwards, unto which eleccon the two senior fellowes gave their full and absolute lhkinge,, assent, and consent,'' — See mi- nutes of court. * " Whereas, at the last eleccon of schollers. at the companyes schoole in St. Law- rence Eountneys, it did appeare that the chimneys in the kitchen did much offend, by reason they, are in great, decay. ; it is therefore at this courte ordered, that the sayd chimneys shalbe pulled down, and new made, the worcke to be surveyed, by the rentor- warden for. those partes, he to disburse the money and have it allowed in his accompt." — See minutes of court, 25 June, 1.617.. f See page 66. J Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " " In the will of John Vernon, late citizen and merchant-taylor of London, dated Uie 10th, of October, 1615, are the words following: " Item, I. giye and, bequeath to. the irTr, wardens, and assistants, and company of the Merchant Taylors, or by what other name or title they may. be called for the time being, if it please them to accept thereof, ffifteen hundred pounds in money, for them to purchase land to the value of flour, score and three pounds by the year, or more if they can with, the said money, which is, alter eighteen years purchase, and also after the rate of ffive pounds ten shillings in the hundred ; the which some of ffout. c c 5^4 ■•'•"'> THE HISTORY Ot bition of forty shillings per annum.* And shortly after him, Thomas Whetenhall, Esq. founded three divinity-lectures to be score and three pounds, by the year, is to be disbursed and paid yearly, and so for ever, by the trTr, wardens, assistants, and company of' the Merchant Taylors, for the time being, to theis uses hereafter following : — First, I give and bequeath nnto four scholars, that are students, and remain in Saint John's College in Oxford, that stvdy divinity, sixteen pounds by the year, that is to say, four pound a man, such as the jrTr, wardens, and assistants, shall by their election choose and like well of, and none of them to have the said four pounds apiece no longer than they study divinity and remain in the said college, or shall stand with the good liking of the master, Wardens, and assistants of the said company, and so to be disposed from, one to another in the said college for ever." * Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the last will of John Wooller, citizen and merchant-tailor of London, deceased, ■dated 29th day of June, 1617, are the words following: " Item, I give and devise to the master and wardens of the Merchant-Tailors, of the fraternity of St. John Baptist in the city of London, and their successors and assigns, for ever, one annuity, or yearly rent, of twenty and four pounds, by the year, of good and lawful money of England, to be yearly chargeable, issuing and going out, of all that my messuage or tenement, with the key or wharfs, and all other the appurtenances thereto belonging, called the Cross-Keys in Thearn-Street, in the parish of Saint Magnus the Martyr, near London*Bridge, adjoining to the church there, and now, or late, in the tenure or occupation of Robert Elliott, or his assigns, to have and to hold to the said master and wardens, and their successors and assigns for ever, the said annuity, or yearly rent, to be paid on the feast*day of the birth of our Lord, the annunciation of Saint Mary the Virgin, the nativity of Saint John the Baptist, and the feast of Saint Michael the Archangel, or within forty days next after every of the same feasts, by even portions ; the first payment thereof to begin, and to be made at such of the said feast days as shall first happen next after my decease, or within forty days then next after ensuing ; and if default shall be made in payment of the said annuity, or yearly rent, contrary to the form aforesaid, then and so often, I will that such person, to whom the inheritance of the premises shall remain, or come by force of this rhy will, or by any other conveyance, shall forfeit, and pay to the master and wardens, and their successors and assigns, the sum of five pounds of lawful money of England , and that it shall be lawful also for the same master and wardens, and their successors aad assigns, so often' as such default of payment shall be made to distrain in and Upon the said messu&ge or tenement, with the appurtenances, as well for such part of the said yearly rent as so- shall be behind, as for all and every the pains or MERC«ANTVTAVL0RS' SCHOOL. 195 preached at three churches in the metropolis, with this express provision, that in case* at any future time, his trustees should neglect to appoint lecturers according to the trust reposed in them, the estates in Kent, bequeathed for the purposes of his .will, should pass to the master and wardens of the Merchaut-Taylors' company, for the use and benefit of four boys chosen out of the sehool, two of whom should pursue their studies at Oxford ant* two at Cambridge.* But, owing either to the conscientious care penalties to be incurred as aforesaid, or to commence their action or suit, or pray relief in equity, as to the said master and wardens, and their successors and assigns,, shall be thought fit; and I will that ail expenses in the levying of the said rents andi penalties (if any shall happen! shall be paid and allowed out of the said penalties, anA the rest of the said penalties to be employed and bestowed at the will and pleasure ©f the said master and wardens, and their successors and assigns for ever: And I. will, said devise, and pray, the said master and wardens,, and their successors, and assigns,, that they do so bestow and employ the sajd yearly rent of twenty-four pounds, in form\ following :— And that they bestow yearly for ever xi^of the said yearly rent of xxiiij* to a poor scholar of the college of Saint Johns in Oxford, such a one as they shall understand to have most need, and intendeth to study divinity; and if the master and wardens shall at any time think it better or more fit to bestow the said xl sh - yearly upon two poor scholars of the said college theu upon one, I leave it always to their best liking." None of the students having applied for this exhibition for many years, the com-, pany, like good stewards, doubled the value of it out of the money that' had accumu- lated in their hands, so that it is now equal to Vernon's.' * Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the last will of Thomas WhetenhaH> of East-Peckham, in the county of Kent, Esquire, dated 22d November, 1615, are the words following : '** Also, I do nominate to be overseers, for the better performance of all things con- tained in this my present will, my loving brother, before named, Sir Henry Wheten- tiafl, Knight, my worthy cousin. Sir Henry Finch, Knight, Serjeant at the Law to our ^Sovereign Lord King James, my loving cousin Mr. Richard Browne, of the parish called Blackfriars, London, Esquire, Mr. Thomas Rogers, of the same parish, Gent. Mr. William Gouge, preacher of God's word at the same parish, and Batchelor of Divinity, and Mr. John Badger, of the parish of Whttechapel ; Arid I bequeath unto the five last named of my said overseers ten pounds for mourning, to be equ#y divided,: c c 2 196* THE HISTORY OF of the trustees in attending, to the primary object of -the. testator, or to the want of vigilance on the part of the friends of the school, between them, (that is to say) to each of them xl sh ' ; and my will and meaning is, that when, and as often -as any of my said overseers, or of their assigns, shall depart this mortal life, that the five which, at all times, hereafter do survive, shall with expedition make choice of another to supply the place of the deceased ; and whatsoever they, or the greater part of them, shall do, or appoint to be done, in and about the per- formance of the contents of this my present will, shall as forcible and effectual as if I myself had done it, or appointed it expressly to be done : And I will and bequeath all my lands, tenements, and hereditaments, with their appurfs whatsoever, together with all the right, title, and interest, that I have, or any other hath to my use of, in, or to any other lands, tenements, or heredfts, within the several parishes of East- Peckbam, Yalding, Brenchley, or Tudely, and in the several tenures or occupations .of George Salmon, John Butler, John Dennys, Tobias Archpoole, or their assigns, to my aforenamed executor, George Carpenter and Lisbona his wife, for and during the term of their two natural lives and the longer liver of them, and after then- deceases to the issue of their two bodies lawfully begotten; and for default of such issue to my aforenamed overseers, Sir Henry Whetenhall, Sir Henry Finch, Mr. Browne, Mr. Rogers, Mr. Gouge, Mr. Badger, and their heirs and assigns for ever; but to the intents and purposes hereafter in this my present will declared; (that is to say), and my will and meaning is, that the said George and Lisbona, and the longer liver of them shall pay, or cause to be paid, during their lives, unto my said overseers, their heirs, and assigns, the yearly sum of forty pounds by even portions half yearly; the first payment to begin at the annunciation of the blessed Virgin Mary, the feast of St. Michael the Archangel, whethersoever of them, shall first happen next after my decease, (that is to say) at each of the said terms or feasts at or upon the font stone in the Temple Church, or place commonly called the Round, near Fleet-Street, Lon- don, the sum of twenty pounds; and my will is, that, upon every default of payment, by the space of twenty and four days, it shall be lawful for my said overseers, their heirs, or assigns, into all and singular, the premises, lands, and tenements, to enter jdistrain, and the distress or distresses to carry or drive away, and the same to detain, and keep until they shall be fully satisfied and paid, the said yearly rent, and arrears of ,rent, whatsoever shall be behind and unpaid, with whatsoever charges they or any of them have sustained, and being put to through the said default of paymnet; and 1113' will and rtoeaning is, that my said overseers, their heirs, or assigns, shall disburse and .employ twenty pounds of the said -forty pounds yearly, upon and for a lecturer, and lecture in divinity, in the parish church, called Blackfriars, London, every week, once yearly, and from year to year, during the limitation of the estates before-men- MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 197 this reversion has not yet devolved to Merchant-Taylors', though, considering the distracted times which have intervened, it is by tioned : But my will and meaning is, that the said lecture shall not be on the Lord's day, neither that (by the establishment of this lecture by me before mentioned and bequeathed to be performed) the lecture, formerly accustomed on the Wednesday, shall cease, or be omitted ; but that both shall be maintained and still continued on such several days in every week, as by my overseers or their successors, or the most part of them shall be, from time to time, agreed upon : Also my will and meaning is, that my aforesaid overseers, or their succeeding heirs or assigns, shall employ and bestow the other twenty pounds remainder of the said forty pounds, as followeth; (that is to say) ten pounds thereof yearly towards the establishment and maintenance of a like leqture at the church, called St. Swithins, near London Stone, on some day in the week yearly, but not on the Lord's day, the services thereof appertaining. 1 to the incumbent parson or vicar, as they are called, as by my said overseers, or- their succeeding heirs or assigns, or the greater part of them shall be agreed upon ; and my will and meaning is, that the other ten pounds shall likewise to the like use be em- ployed and bestowed by my said overseers, or their said successors, or the greater part of them, at the new erected church at Wapping, within the parish of Whitechapel : Provided always, and my will and meaning is, thaU-if the parishioners of the two last recited parishes shall not contribute such further competent maintenance yearly, as by my said overseers, or their assigns, from time to time, shall be thought fit for a suf- ficient lecturer; or if the bishop of the dioceses, or the incumbent parson of either of the said two parishes shall not, at all times, hereafter admit and permit the said lecturers, nominated by my said overseers, or their assigns, to perform the said lec- tures or being admitted, if any. of them shall at any time afterward, by the afore- said, or by whatsoever other occasions be repelled or silenced, my overseers, or their assigns shall have power and authority to withhold from the said place or places, the said ten pounds yearly allowance, and to bestow the same elsewhere to the like use or whatsoever else they shall think fittest, for the glory of God and the good of his people: Provided also, and my will and meaning is, that if any of the lecturers, nominated as aforesaid by my overseers or their assigns, shall publish any Popish or other heretical or corrupt doctrine, or shall be of scandalous and leaud conver- sation, my overseers or their assigns, as aforesaid, shall have power to displace them, or to detain the said yearly maintenance from them : Also I will and bequeath the sum of fourscore pounds of money, to be paid to my said overseers within eighteen months next after my decease, which said sum, my will is, that they shall equally divide between the two last recited .parishes, either to some yearly encrease of the 1r Statute xxxiv. p. 18, where see the note. 200 THE HISTORY OF who had been capriciously removed from the school should be capable of re-admission into it ; and the practise seems to have been to reserve to the court* the power of deciding on the rea- sonableness of fhe excuse pretended for absence (where it ex- ceeded three weeks together) or removal ; for, on the first of December, their attention was called to the case of Jonas Owen, who had been some time absent on account of ill health ; and, though for special reasons they thought fit to re-admit him, it was determined to be no precedent " fo'r others to have the like fa- vour."^ While the court were yet sitting, the executors and one of the overseers of VernOn's will made their request to have the nomina- tion of a scholar each, which was granted; and Lady-Day next was fixed upon for carrying into complete execution the several cha- ritable designs of that worthy man..]: * By order of court, 17 th December, 1776, the power of decision, as to the pro- priety of re-admitting boys who have been absent through illness, is given to the mas- ter and wardens for the time being. *T " Whereas Jonas Owen, a -scholler in the companyes gramrner schoole at St. Lawrence Pontneyes, hath, by reason of sicknes, (as it is credibly enformed) bin long absent from schoole and now craveth admittance againe, this courte being acquainted therewith, have, out of their love to learninge, findinge the boye a forward scholler of eight yeares standing in the sayd schoole, and his parents poare, ordered that he shalbe received into the sayd schoole againe, not minding to make this any president for others to have the like favour." — See minutes of court, 1 Dec. 16] 7. J His will might have been carried into effect at least a twelvemonth sooner, if it had not been almost too long and tiresome for plain men to attend to. It is a speci- men of what an old writer calls " elaborate and studied prolixity." As soon as I saw it's many folio pages opened at the Commons, on my application for an extract of the clause given in the note, p. 193, I ceased to be astonished at the repugnance felt by the good citizens of former times to encounter at any one sitting the whole of its contents: — " 29 Jan. 1617. An abstract of Mr. Vernon's will red. Longer time to con- sider, on account of the tediousness thereof." — " 31 March, 1617. Commissioners ap- pointed to consider Mr. Vernon's will." — " 9 May. Commissioners report received."— " 1 December, 16 17. To this court came Mr.Cheny and John Fitzhugh, executors to the merchant-Taylors' school. 201' On St. Barnabas's Day* 1618, Bishops Overall* and Buckeridge were present ; when William Ames, Robert Davenant* and Jonas Owen, were elected scholars of St. John's ;-f the last of whom had been re-admitted little more than six months. And, though his was a stronger case than any Other, perhaps, that ever -came before the court, inasmuch as he had 1 attended school regularly for eight years previous to his illness* and had been absent, at the most, not so much as six months, the event of this election is a full justification 'of every provision against the re-admission of boys, who have once lost the privilege of the school..]: The kindness last will and testament of Mr. John Vernon, deceased, and Mr.Dod, one of the overseers of the sayd will, — rn~> an ^ then the sayd JVlr.Cheney desiringe to have the nominacon. of a scholler, viz. -Gregory Ballard ; and Mr. Dod a scholler, viz. Martin Partridge; and John Fitzhugh, John Lufton, appointed for a scholler by this court; all which their suits this court hath graunted, not purposing to make choise of any other schol- ler until! our Ladye Daye next, and then the company purpose (God willing) to put the donor's will in full execucon .*' — Ibid. But from the minutes of court, 7 October, 1618, it appears that the scholars did not receive their exhibitions till from and after Michaelmas that year; and from entries, dated 28th June, and 17th December, lf>22j it is evident that the company did not confine Vernon's exhibitions to Sir Thomas White's scholars, but bestowed them occasionally on' superannuated boys who went to St. John's, as in the case of Richard Clarek. * Overall had been elected to the see of Norwich 2 1st May preceding, but was not Confirmed till 30th September. In the mean time he was called Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry, as appears bj r the next note. f " did invite these learned men followinge, viz. the Bishopp of Rochester, arid the Bishopp of Litchfield and Coventry, both which were present, with divers other learned men. — Sixe of the principall schoolers of the said schoole did pronounce ora* tions in Greek and Latine,— some nine or the principall schollers were examined, — by the advice and assent of the sayd learned men these sixe, viz. William Ames, Jonas Owen, Ffrancis Markham, Joseph Braby, Thomas Juxon, and Robert Dave- nant, were put in eleccon, and by scruteny and most voyces the sayd William Ame* had fowerteene, Jonas Owen tenn, Ffrancis Markham nine, Joseph Braby none, Tho-' mas Juxon five, and Robert Daveiiant eleaven, soe by scruteny and most voyces the eleccon fell upon William Ames, Jonas Owen, and Robert Davenant."— See minutes of court, 11 June, l6'18. 1 The interests of those, who have never, by absence or removal cut themselves v el 202 TII£;HlSTORV OF shown to Owen on this occasion had the effect of altogether di- verting from academical pursuits one of his competitors, who ,had ten votes, and who would most probably have succeeded, if Owen had not been restored on the eve of the election,, when he had the good fortune to have eleven votes. : On such a nice point some- times turns the destination of youth ! ■ In 1619, though there was no prospect of any vacancy at St. John's, the company desired the president and senior fellows to be present at ah examination of the school on the J lth of June. The examiners were Buckeridge ; Bishop of Rochester, €arey Dean of St. Paul's,* and Dr.Gwynne, who, with the other learned ■men, expressed their high satisfaction at the manner in which the boys acquitted themselves. Laud, in particular, lamented that none of them could be elected, arid encouraged them to hope t .,>, ■ 1: "->r. ,'r ■ . . ' off from the benefit of the foundation, have since been as effectually secured, against the entrance of old boys -from other schools in the higher forms,, as,against the unex- pected return of those, who had once lost the pjace and privilege of the school.-^Se* p. 51, note, and the orders of court there referred to. * " Valentine Carey was of the university of Cambridge, where he was chosen master of Christ's College in 1610, and took his degrees in divinity, commencing doc- tor in that faculty, it seems, not long before; for, July 1, 1608, he being then S.T.B. was admitted to the preb.*of Chiswick, upon the promotion of Dr. William Barlow to the bishopries of Lincoln. In 160S, King^James I. gave him the rectory of West Tilbury, Essex, to which he was admitted, Jan. 30, that year, he being then also S.T.B. but resigned it July 2, 1607, and at the same time was admitted , to the vicarage of Epping, Essex, at thai king's presentation also, by reason of the promotion of Dr. Roger Dod to the bishopriok of Meth in Ireland, whom he succeeded also about the same time (as I conceive') to the rectory of Parndon Magna, Essex; but the day and year of his institution -thereto doth not appear7~"Tebriiary 13, l6l0, he being then S.T.P. was -collated to the rectory of OrsettjJEsse_x,_and Apr. 8, 1614, was elected Dean of S. Pawl's-; from whence he was promoted to the bishoprick of Exeter to which he was consecrated Nov. 18, 1621. He died, it seems, in or about London an. 1626, and was buried in the south-isle, by the south side of the choir, in the cathedral church of S. Paul's under a large flat marble, with this inscription round the edge of it: — Hie jacet Valentinns Carey, sacrae theologiae doctor, olim decanus hujus ecclesiae qui obit episcopus Exon. cujus monumentum ibidem erectum patet, 1626." — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 50. MEECHANT-TAYLOIts' SCHOOL. 2.03 for advancement another year ; but, then addressing himself to the company; he informed- them •■with regret, that, even if two places should be vacated the year following, he should not be able to fill them up on account' of a lease, given by the founder, -having lately determined; in consequence of which, the college would be Under the necessity of sinking t\vo fellowships belonging to the school, unless an equivalent \va& supplied by some liberal benefactor.* * " 11 June, 1619- — MemQrandu.nv that the m?"r a«d wardens,,, observing; the usuallj orders of theire predecessors, about a w.eeke before St. Barnabas day, did, by theiize- l~res, put the president and seignour fellowes of St. John Baptist CoUedge in Oxon in remembrance of the same, and received answere from them againe that there was not a place void this yeare ; yet, notwithstanding, they wrote theire second l~re to have them come to see their schoole examined,, though in former tyme, when there hath, beene noe place void, it hath not beehe accustomed. And, upon the day the stewards, by order and course, viz. Thomas Bradford and Wm. Shorte, two of the livery of this company did make good provizion for the schoole dinner, unto which dynner, and for the opposition and examinacon of our schollers, the wardens of this company did, fower or five dayes before, invite these learned men, viz. the Bishopp of Rochester and the Deane of Pauls, and, doubting either of them should faile, they invited Mr, Doctor Gvvynn, who were all present, with divers other learned men, at dinner.,, at which time Mr. Doctor Laud, the president of St. Johns, and two of the seignior fellowes, viz. Mr. Doctor Jackson and Mr. Ffrancis Hutson, repayred and came to. the schoole upon St. Barnabas day, presently upon whose comming, tenn of the prin- cipall schollers did pronounce orations both in Greeke and Latine, whereunto Mr. Ffrauncis Hutson, one of the seignour fellows, made a learned speech or answere, the which being ended, the m~r, wardens, and thassistants, with the learned men, resorted into the chappell, where all the schollers of the highest forme were examined, after which opposicpn or theame was given them to make exercises upon. And then they rose up, and preparacon was made and tables covered for dinner. And after dinner, the said schollers were called in againe, and did deliver several exercises upon the said theme, which being considered of, the schollers had a good applaud given unto them by the learned men, and were tould by the president that he was sorry there were not soe many places void as he found fitt schollers to enjoy them. And, although none were void at this tyme, yet theire hopes should be to speed better here- after, and then there was paied to the president and two seigniour fellowes, by way of good will from the company, towards theire ryding chardges, the some of tenn pounds. J)d 2 30& THE HISTORY OP Next year, however, there were three vacancies, and Laud, in his anxiety to have them all filled up, did not scruple to ask the com- pany to make up to the college what had been lost by the expira- tion of the lease, which had hitherto produced a rent of twenty marks per annum. Among the many plans which he proposed, one was that the company should remit to the college a debt of eighty pounds, in consideration of which the college should bind themselves, by a deed under seal, to maintain those two fellow- ships for ever out of the revenues of their house. And this offer being accepted, the company became the re-founders of two of Sir Thomas White's fellowships for the benefit of their school.* And be it remembred, that Mr. President did signifie unto the comp. that two places were now taken from St. John's Colledge by reason of twenty marks per annum, which the donor gave by lease is now ended, and, unlesse the same be supplyed by some charitable minded man, if two places should be void the next yeare, he can choose none of them out of our schoole, which speech being ended all departed in loving manner."— See minutes of court. * " 1620. Memorandum, that the maister and wardens, observing the usuall orders of theire predecessors, about three weekes before St. Barnabas day, did, by theire T"res, put the president and seignior fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxon, in remembrance of the same day. And first received answere from them that there was but two places void, but after that letter there fell another place void, which they made knowne unto the company at theire cominge. And, upon the Saterday before St. Barnabas day, the stewards by order and course, viz. Beniamyn Henshawe and Thomas Moore, two of the livery of this company, did make very bountiful! provizion for the schoole dinner, unto which dinner, and for the oppisicons and examinacon of our schollers, the wardens of this company, with the clarck and beadle, did, five or sixe dayes before, invite these learned men following for opposers, viz. the Bishopp of Rochester, and Mr. Doctor White, Doctor of Divinity, and dwellinge in Broad- Streete, both which were presenle, with divers otiier learned men, at dinner on the Saterday, on which tyme according to the statuts of Sir Tho. White, Mr. Doctor Laud, the president of Si. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon, and two of the seignior fellowes of the same bowse, viz. Mr. Doctor Jackson and Mr. Thomas Tucker, re- payred arid came to the said schoole upon the Saterday before St. Barnabas day, presently upon whose cominge twelve of the principall schollers of the said schoole did pronounce seveiall orations, whereunto Mr. Jackson, one of the seignior fellowes made a learned speech or answere, the which being ended the m~r, wardens, assistants MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 205 The examiners at this election were Bishop Buckeridge and Dr. and learned men, resorted into the chappell, where some nyne of the principal! schol- lers were examined, after which oppisicon there was a theame given unto them, to make exercises upon. And then they rose up, and preparacon was made, and tables covered for dinner. And after dynner, the said schollers were called in againe, and did severally deliver exercises upon the said theame, and upon consideracon had there- unto by the learned men, it was agreed that, upon Sunday, about fower of the clock in the afternoone, being St. Barnabas day, the whole assembly should meete againe, who did accordingly meete at the hower, only Mr.. Doctor White was absent, being one of the. opposers, and Mr. Doctor Gwynn, Doctor of Physick, being there pre- seut was requested to supply his place, and Mr. Humfrey Streete, one of the old mas- ters, being not well was also absent, and then proceeded to theire eleccon. Where- upon, by thadvise and assent of the said learned men, the whole nomber of nyne> viz. James Pears, John Mathews, Richard Holland, Robert Walpoole, Henry Bel- lamy, JohnThornes, Richard Clarck, Thomas Saxby, and Edward Layfield, were put to eleccon, and by scruteny and most voyces, the eleccon did fall upon James Peares, John Mathews, and Edward Laifield, unto which eleccon the president and two seig- nior fellowes gave theire full and absolute liking, assent, and consent. And then was payd unto the president and two seignor fellowes of good will from the com ptmy towards theire rydinge charges, the some of tenn pounds. And soe all departed with good content in loving manner. And be it xemembred that, on Saterday in the after- noone, after the learned men had made an end of opposing the schollers, the pre- sident did intimate unto the company that two places are taken from the colledge, by reason that a temporary rent of twenty marks per annum is determined, and did de- sire that the company would be pleased to supply the same, making many offers horn the same supply maye be made, and amongst the rest, that if the company would be pleased to give to the colledge the some of ffowerscore pounds, which they are in- debted unto this company, as parte of one hundreth pounds borrowed of them, theire colledge shold be tyed under the seale of their howse to supply the said two places forever out of the revenues of theire howse. Whereupon the cornp. resorting toge- ther into a private place, and duly considering thereof, have ordered, graunled, and agreed, that the said ffowerscore pounds lent unto the said coMedge shalbe freely given out of the stock of this howse unto the president and seignior fellowes of the said colledge, for the perpetual! maintenance of the said two places, upon condicon that the president and seignior fellowes doe give unto this company a sufficient cove- nant and dischardge uader the seale of their colledge, to free the company from any future charge concerning, the said two places, ,and to supply the said 1 places out of the revenues of theire colledge for ever, which they have before this court faythfully promised to performe. And soe to be remembfed that." — See Minutes of court. 206 THE HISTORY OF White ; and the boys elected were James Peeres, John Matthews, and Edward Layfield.* * What the company did on this occasion had been proposed to be done by one William Taylor, an individual member of their fraternity, as appears by several entries in their books. 18 Nov. 1615.— " And the sayd William Taylor, hath further devised out of the sayd fowerscore pounds per annum, by another indentur tripartite betweene .him on the first parte, the president and fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxon, on the second parte; and the in~r and wardens of the merchant taylors, on the third parte, the some of ffifteene pounds per annum, to be yerely for ever payd to the said president and fellowes for the perpetuall maynetenance of two fellowes in the said coMedge, whose places and mayntenance would be taken away by the determynacon of an old lease which shortly will end, were it not the care of some good benefactor to supply the same. The first parte of which indenture remayneth under the hand and seale of the said William Taylor, with the sayd president and fellowes, the seacond parte under the comon seale of the sayd colledge is to be sent to remayne with this company, and the third parte is to be sealed with the comon seale of this societye, and to remayne with the sayd William Taylor." N. B. An Indenture to this effect was openly read and confirmed by William Taylor, at a court holden 20 December, 1615.— " out of certain lands and woods in Kent," to be pajd half-yearly. The counterparts to two tripartite indentures were sealed at a court, 19 April, 1616. 16 March, 1618. " Whereas, a rent of twenty markes by the yeare payed unto the president and schollers of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon, out of the kings ma e ' s ex- chequer at Westminster, and heretofore given by Sir Thomas White, Knight, founder of the sayd colledge, and is to have his determinacon and endinge at the feast of thannunciacon of our blessed virgin Mary next ensuing, which shalbe in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand sixe hundreth and eighteene, by reason whereof the pub- like state of the sayd colledge would suffer great detriment and decaye, if such chari- table minded members should have supplied the same, to this court therefore came William Taylor, one of the livery of tht3 society, who hath assured unto this company out of certaine land in Kent, the some of fifteene pounds per annum, to be payed unto the sayd colledge for the supplie of the former want ; and desired that he might have the nominacon of those two schollers that should receive the sayd guift of his, duringe his lief, and after his decease to leave the choise of them to the pleasure of this com- pany. Whereupon, deHberacon being taken, and the premisses considered, this courte held his suite reasonable, and have therefore ordered and agreed, as much as in them lieth, that the sayd William Taylor,. during his liefe shall have the nominacon of these two schollers that shalbe preferred to St. Johns, and take the benefitt of his guift." MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 207 In February, 1621, the president brought to town an instru-: ment under the college seal, for the perpetual maintenance of the. two fellowships as agreed upon ;* and, on St. Barnabas's day in that year, he delivered to the court a memorandum of some other temporary rents, that the company might make provision, before the expiration of the leases, to prevent the diminution, at any future time, of the number of scholars, to be preferred from their 16 June, 1619. " There was at this court presented to be sealed under the comoti seale, a release from the company to Wm. Taylor, one of the livery of this society, de-- ceased, of all the lands in Kent, which he had formerly devised to this company to performe charitable uses in his former will menconed, but the company considering t;hereof, have thought good, and soe ordered, that a coppy of his last will and testament shalbe taken and perused before they seale the said release." But when his last will was brought forward, it turned out, that the charitable uses mentioned in his former will were of a reversionary or contingent nature, as appears by the following clause, extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the will of William Tayler, citizen and merchant taylor, of London, dated 1st of May, 1619, amongst other things therein contained is as follows ; — • ; f And,: if both my said sons shall die without issue, of their or either of. their bodies, begotten before their several ages of one and twenty years, and before either of their marriage; .then I give my said manor and farm, called Rumsteed, with all the lands, and .woods ■ thereto belonging, with the land, called Visegill and Visehill woods, unto the .Company of Marshant Taylors in London, to such use and uses as I, by one deed made betwixt me and them, dated the day of did limitydevise, Or appoint." * 7. February; 1621. tc Our m~r intimating, unto this courte, that the president of St. Johns in Oxford had brought an instrument under the scale of the colledge, for the maintenance of two schollers places in that colledge, which were decayed, by rea- son that a temporary rent of twenty marks per annum was determined ; and desired, ? that he' /might have in the bond which the colledge stand bound to the company for the payment of fowerscore pounds, which the company hath freely given the eoljedge ■ towards the maintenance of the said two schollers places. ' Whereupon., consiileiacorj beifto 1 had, it is ordered and agreed by this court, that our m~r and wardens, takjing some of the assistaunts unto them, shall see and peruse the said instrument, and, if, {"hoy find it agreeable to the true meaning of this meaning*, then the bond to be delivere'd, and hot els.*' — See minutes of court. 208 THE HISTORY OF schooL* Dr. Hall, and Dr. Goad precentor of St. Paul's,-)- ex- amined the boys, and Henry Bellamy was elected scholar of St. John's. * " II June, 1621. — invited these learned men following: viz. Mr. Doctor Hall and Mr. Doctor Goad, both which were present with divers learned men ; — nyne of the principall schollers of the said schoole, did pronounce orations in Greefce and Latine ; — some ten of the principall schollers were examined ; — by thadvice of the learned men these three, viz. Henry Bellamy, Robert Walpoole, and Richard Clarck, were putt in eleccon, and by scruteny and most voyces, the said Henry Bellamy had xxii, Robert Walpoole had one, and Richard CJarck had one, soe by scrutiny and most voyces, the eleccon fell upon Henry Bellamy. And be it remembred, that the president did at this 'jourte, deliver unto the company a note of certaine temporary rents under the hand of one Mr. Walter Dayrell, which note is entred here at large, and to be remembred by the company before thexpiracon of the leases." " The rent charge of vi 1 '- xi"' vi d - out df the coate pastures in Charlbury, which is for fifty fower yeres from the second of November. R. Eliz. 33, if it be truely recyted, which is anno dom~i 1589, and is to end 1643; soe there resteth yettocome two and twenty yeres from November, 1621. " The lease of Evenly from the pryer of Huntington, from thannunciacon 1567, for 98 yeres, this endeth at thannunciacon 1665, soe there is therein to come at thannun- ciacon, 1621, 44 yeres; the rent is xiii 1 '- vi sl) - viii d - and iii K - x sh - But if the lease from the prior be not good, the colledge hath a lease thereof (excepting the advowson of the viccaridge) from Owen Oglethorp, dated the 20th of October, primo et secundo PhiU lippi et Marise, for fowerscore yeres from thexpiracon of one Thomas Waynmanns lease for certen yeres then to come, which lease of Waynmanns wee conceive ended quarto or quinto Elizab. R. soe as by that lease the colledge hath about one and twenty or two and twenty yeres to corne, as,wee conceive."— See minutes of court. f Thomas Goad was master of arts of King s College\in*Cambridge, afterwards chap- lain to Archbishop Abbot, Rector of Hadley in Suffolk, Doctor of Divinity, Preben- dary of Canterbury, Precentor of St. Paul's, and Rector^c^Bla£k^Notley^in Essex, but the time of his admission thereto appears not. He was made dean of Barking joyntly with Doctor Joh. Backham, Oct. 22, 1633. His precentorship and rectory of Notley became void by his death, not in or about 1636, as my author (A. Wood) has it, but rather a bout Aug. I 6S8, for in that year and month his successor was admitted to these two last preferments, at the collation and presentation of the proper patrons, otherwise they would have fallen to the bishop, archbishop, or king, by lapse. He was a great and general scholar, exact critick and historian, a poet, schoolman, and divine." — fieweourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 101 merchant-Taylors' school. 209 Before the return of the same season in 1622, Laud was raised to the episcopal bench,* and was succeeded in the presidentship of the college by Juxon, who had been educated at Merchant- Taylors' under Smith.-f But no elevation of rank could estrange Laud from the school which had produced most of his academical friends; in company with one of whom, Bishop Buckeridge,t his immediate predecessor in the headship, he was pleased to attend the election in June, and thereby shewed that though his official connection had ceased, he was ready to prove himself, what he uniformly did through the whole of his prosperity, the friend and patron of Merchant-Taylors'. James Croxton and Thomas Wing- ham were elected scholars of St. John's, the latter in consequence of a resignation delivered to the president in the chapel, after the former had been chosen. § * See page 153, note. f See page 133. "J Buckeridge, though a founder's kin, received his education at Merchant-Taylors', under Mulcaster. See page 85. § " 11 June, 1622. Memorandum, that the maister and wardens observing the usuall orders of their predecessors, about three weekes before St. Barnabas Daie did, by their letters, put the president and seigniour fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxon, in remembrance of the same daie, and received answere from them againe, that there was but one place void. And upon the daie, the stewards, (by order and course), viz. Richard Aldsworth and John Orringshawe, two of the livery of this company, did make good provision for the schoole dinner, unto which dinner, and for the opposicons and examinacons of our schollers, there was invited the right reverend and learned men followinge, viz. the Bishopp of feochester and the Bishopp of St. Davies, latelie presi- dent of St. Johns, both which were present with divers learned men at dinner; at which time, Mr. William Juxon, the president of St. Johns, Christopher Wrenn, and Francis Hudson, two of the seignior fellowes, repayred and came to the said schoole upon St., Barnahas Daie, presently upon whose comming, nine of the principall schollers of the said schoole did pronounce orations in Greeke and Lattine. Whereunto Mr. President made a learned speech or answere, the which being ended, the maister, wardens, and learned men, with the assistaunts, respited into the chappell, where some eleaven of the principall schollers were examined. After which opposicon, a theame was given to make exercises on.' And then they rose up, and preparacon was made, and tables e e 210 THE HISTORY OF Though the company resented Laud's holding in commendam the living of Creeke, in Northamptonshire,* which had been pur- covered for dinner. And after dinner the said schollers were carled in again, and did severallie deliver exercises upon the said theame. And upon consideracon, had there- unto by the learned men, it was agreed that the companie shold goe to theire election. Whereupon, by the advise and consent of the said learned men, theise three, viz. George Smalewood, James Croxton, and Thomas Wingham, were putt in election, and by scruteny, the said George Smalewood had five voyces, James Croxton had eight, and Thomas Wingham had five. Then by reason Wingham and [Smalewood had] five a peace, and the company purposing to reduce the eleccon to two, made a second scru- teny which of them should stand in eleccon with Croxton. Whereby it appeared that Wingham had tenn voyces, and Smalewood but eight. And then the company went to eleccon againe, betweene Croxton and Wingham, by which scruteny it appeared, that Croxton had twelve voyces, and Wingham but eight. Soe, by scruteny and most voyces, the eleccon fell upon James Croxton, unto which eleccon the president and two seignior fellowes gave theire full and absolute liking, assent, and consent. Then our m~r acquainted the court with another place voyd, by a resignacon from Mr. Doctor Jackson, which resignacon was delivered to the president, who affirmed that he had noe knowledge thereof before, but being entreated by the companie to accept thereof, did lovinglie condiscend thereunto. And then the comp. went to eleccon of another scholler upon these two names, viz. Thomas Wingham and George Smalewood. And by scruteny it appeared that Wingham had tenn voices and Smalewood but eight. Soe by scruteny and most voyces, the eleccon fell upon Thomas Wingham, unto which eleccon the president and two seignior fellowes gave theire full and absolute liking, assent; and consent. And then there was payed to the said president and two seignior fellowes, by waie of good will from the companie towards their riding charges, the some of tenn pounds. And soe all departed with good content and in loveing manner." See minutes of court. * At a court, on the I9th February, 1623, a letter, of which the following is a copy, was ordered to be sent to St. John Baptist College, in Oxon, requiring the president and senior fellows to transmit, without delay, the counterpart of the deed of sale, by 'which the advowson of Creeke had been conveyed to them. " After our hartie commendacons, &c. whereas, wee understand that the advowson of the parish church of Creeke, in the county of Northampton, heretofore purchased of Sir Oliver Crumwell, Knight, by our good benefactor, Sir William Craven, Knight, for the good of your colledge, is latelie become voide, and wee are likewise enformed that there is a deed of the bargaine and sale that should be indented hetweene your colledge, and us, the company of Merchantaile-rs, which wee have not yet seene. MEUCHANr-TAVLORfi' SCHOOL. git chased by Sir William Craven, and given to the college for' the preferment of Merchant-Taylors' fellows only,* he cawe, with his friend Buckeridge, to the election in Ui%3, when Joseph Elton, Nathanael Croocher, and John Stock, were the fortunate candi- dates, the last gaining his election by reason of a resignation given in, as in Wjngham's case Jast year.f Theise arc therefore in the name of .ourselves, and of all our assistaimts, to desire you . 2-ith of Fshruary, 1 623-3. Edward Catcher, reuER, > RESCOTT, f , Jeqffers Pi.„ " T«6> the right waorsW-pfull the Presideut Bartholomew Ei,no«, ( "' and seignior ffeJJowes of St. John Jeramy Gay, j Baptist CoUedge in Oxon, deliver these. And as soon as the deed arrived, bookes of iii d - a peece these five years, and I am. so farr from making pro- fitt to myselfe by bookes sold to my schollars, that I will give any man v u# and more who will make me a saver by bookes, which I have taken of pOore men for their good, and«withall for my schollars use, and that at very smale charges* " 9. Quarter schollars in Mr. Smith's tyme were never presented to the com- pany,, unles for the first halfe yeare, as a custome (.unheard of in. any schoole in, England), yet I observed the same order for my first yeares, untill . signifying to. Mr. Dow (one/ of the^auntienst : of, the assistants then living) how unwilling ; the parents of some children. were to pay and pray together, he replied in this very, same manner, that it had beene sufficients that the company had but admitted 3. : or. 4 of ffive shillings schollars in acknow- f£ 218 .Tilfe .HISTORY. OP. of his memory iucaipacitated him ffoni discharging its .duties. " 10. Once a yeere when you keep$ your victory, you make also a lottery, and to encourage your schollars to bring the more anony, you sett them higher in the schoole, and you suffer none to drawe any one lott, font those that hiring xji 4 - or above. Yoor .biggest lobt is -one gram* mer *tf x d which is the greate Jo'tfc. The rest are ink-hornes, hobfoy-tborses, gin- gerbread, points, and puddings of wry emate valewe. " 11. Vmr sonne, Richard Haine, be* iftg one of your ushers, is very insufficient, and for many misdemeanours not ;fitt to tenchin any schoole. ledgement of such respect' was due to the company, otherwise their orders did not ty me to any strickt observacon. " 10. The lottery is a recreacon used for mirth, not for gaine, as it is obiected. And if in the victory I should not sett them together which bring mony alike, I should not deale iustly. I further an- swere that in the lottery, besides many grammars and other necessary books for schoole, there are dictionaries of v shi pnice, gloves of Il d- price and greater vale we, also siike points and iakehornes, with divers other implements, some toyes* also be used in the lottery for mirth's salse. As for this pastime, ij was a cus- toms ever observed by my predecessors, as likewise the victory (even in Mr. Mul- chaster's time, as some of his auntient schollars doe assure me). And in the victory at the same tyme, the schollars have to their full contentment these things, viz. dyett bread, comnlts of all sorts, ffiggs, ray son ties, alhnonds, stewed prunes, wiggs, beare, and some wine, and all. kinds of ffnite, which the season of the yeare affbords. ATI which charge being counted, with some other conse- quences of that, day, you may iudge what gaine may accrew by that lottery. " 11. He is sufficient for any ushers place in the schoole, being approved by the university. And further, for his abi- lity and paines with his schollars, their profitiency wilbe sufficient evidence, his whole nomber being commended by the posers this last approbacon more than the rest. Lastly, he did but supply the place MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 219 To this harsh resolution against a man, who was one of the most **r"i ft) " J2. A general complaint of all in the citty that have ehildren taught in your schoole. " IS. Besides all these several! articles above menconed, we find, by reason of your sickues and other disabilities of body, you can no way sufficiently per- forme the said place, therefore inexcu- sable. n The committees* are Mr. Raphe Gore, last mr. Mr. John Slany. Mr. Mathew Beadle. Mr. Thomas Johnson. Mr. Peter Towers Mr. Warner. r ' Whereupon Consideracon "being had, it m"r and wardens, Mr. Raphe Gore, last Ff till occasion and season were fitt for hu goeing into Ffrance. " 12. All the citty complaines not, for I find very many thanckfull to me for my care of their children in these last yeares, and amongst those that are more iudi- tious I have received sufficient testimony (yea, and in gratulatory manner) from the principallest of both universities, as those whome from time to time (by fc* continuall supply of hopeful plants) evi- dently perceive the ffrutes of my labor. And agairie, it is not a thing unusuall for many to complaine of schoolemasters without iust cause, as Mr. Ffoy doth, both of me and others. " IS. I take my sicklies at this present to be God's loving hand upon me, to which: by greitfe at that which is not in my own* hands to helpe, I add somewhat and in- crease that my weakenes, in which weakenes your woorshipps as instruments might by your kindnes support me, and God, the cheife author of health, will, I hope, second you, and so inable me that I shall sufficiently perform e my duty, And I upon consideracon of these my particular answeres, which are most' true, direct, and satisfactory, be fo*nd; excusable, especially if it please your woorships to consider that none of. these exceptions have been taken, or I admo- nished of them heretofore, unles it be that in the ffirst article, to which iny an- swere might at thait tyme, when the obiee- eon was made, have beene sufficient, was thought fitt and so ordered, that the m~r, Mr. -Matbew Beadles, Mr. Thomas 2 220 M' ■ tHt HISTORY OP l accurate grammarians of the age in which he Jived*,* and, who had served the school with fidelity the greater part of twenty-five yearsj'the court were induced to jcome on the 12th of November.f He was directed " to depart, out of the schoole andschoolehouse,. and to provide for himself ellswhjere" by the following Lady-Day. And lest, oil contemplating; ihe hopeful plants, such as Wren, Staple, Speed, Sherley, Edwards, and Whitlock, with which he had supplied the universities, he should flatter himself that the storm would pass over, the Court thought it expedient, on the 29th of January, to proceed to the choice of a successor. Among' the candidates of acknowledged ability, who appeared on this occasion, was William Bigmore, a senior fellow of St. John's, Oxford. But no preference was given him, either on ac- Johnson, Mr. John Slany, Mr. Peter Towers, and Mr. Warner, committees formerly appointed about the beusines shall consider of the answere made to the said articles by the said Mr. Haine, and to certefy their opinions at the next court of assistants, whereby the company may proceed for the good of their schoole as shalbe thought raeete." — See minutes of court. * * Ward, in his Preface to Lily's Grammar, informs us, that Hayne " wrote a little treatise, called Certain Epistles of Tally verbally translated, Sec. printed at London, 1611 j in which he sais,' that among other books verbally translated, which he had used upwards of twenty years, but had not then published, was Grammatica tota Lilii." Hayne, in his bill of complaint, exhibited to the Bishop of Lincoln, as lord keeper! of the great, seal, says, that he had been " a teacher in grammar learning by the space of ffowerteene years before" his admission at Merchant-Taylors'. Q.— An what school ? f " This) court, upon consideracon had of the greate decay of their grammer schoole at St. Lawrence Ppuntneis, and of the great, informity and indisposicon of body of Mr. Haines, the chfeife schoolem"r there, as also of his much weakenes in memory and his forgettfulthesse, as was by himself lately acknowledged, as also for other rea- sons this court moving, have, with a generall consent, thought fitt, and so ordered and agreed, that the said Mr. Haines shall not continew schoolem'r of theire schoole any longer then till our Lady day next. And the said Mr. Haines being present, this court, in favour to him, have given him; that tyme to depart out of the schodle and schoolehouse, and to provide for himselfe ellswhere."-^— See minutes of coifrt, 12 Nov. 1624. - > . MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOt. 221 count of his education at the. school or connection with. the col- lege. And as for the : chief usher, whether qualified or not, he w,as not, everij "in respect of, the. Ordinance of the schoole, putt in the eleccon," as one of his predecessors had been in a former case.* The. fact is, the dismissal of the old master and the ap- pointment of a particular individual to succeed him were closely connected ; and the same majority that could effect the one could procure the other. Accordingly, Nicholas Gray, who had lately ity// been obliged to resign, the mastership of Charterhouse school, on account of his marriage, finding himself, as the Oxford historian informs us, " out of his element," on a country living,*)- turned his thoughts to Merchant -Taylors', and, unfortunately for Hayne, found friends enough to secure his election ; but, as it was for©* seen that Hayne would not relinquish his situation without a struggle, it was thought advisable to choose his successor only for a year.J * * See. pages 131 and 132. f " Nicholas Grey was born in London, elected student of Ch. Ch. from the col- lege school at Westminster in the year l60<3, aged 16 years, where making great pro- ficiency in learning under the tuition of Mr. Sam. Fell, took the degrees "in arts, and being noted for a pure Latinist and Grecian, was made the first master of Charter-* house, or Sutton's Hospital School. After he had taught there- some years, he mar- ried against the statutes of that school and hospital, so that thereby being made uncapable of the place, the governors thereof gave him a benefice, (Castle Camps in Cambridgeshire, I think,) where for some time-he lived, as 'twere, out of bis element." — Wood's Athena, v. ii. col. 252. 1 % " Whereas, at a court of assistants held the xiith day of November last, thi* court, for especiall reasons them thereunto moving) did order that Mr. Haine, the schoolenTr of the schoole at St. Laurence Pounlneis, London, should depart' from thence, and not be contihewed schoolenTr any longer, now -this day the company entring into cOnsideracon of the elleccon of a new schoolenTr in the place of the said Mr. Haines, there resorted to this court divers sutors capable of the same. And the company proceeded to the elleccon of a new schoolenTr by scruteny, reducing -the nomber of sutors to three, viz. William Biggmore, one of the senior fellows of S_t. Johns in Oxford, Nicholas Gray, of Christ Church in (Oxford-, M"r of Arts, and' now schoolenTr of the grammar schoole at Sutton's Hospital in the Charterhouse, and 323 THfi HtStORY Of The apprehensions of the company were too well grounded.-— Hayne, on the 11th of March* preferred a bill of complaint against them in the Court of Chancery, and, when the master and wardens came to instal Gray, refused to quit the school.* Coun- sel were retained on both sides.-f- And even the spiritual court was moved on the subject.^ The company without delay put in their plea and demurrer to part, and their answer to the residue* of the bill. Hayne replied by petition to the Lord Keeper,! who, on the 1st of April, desired Sir Robert Rich, Knt. one of the masters in chancery, to hear the parties as to the validity of the demurrer, reserving to himself the consideration of the petition. Sir Robert* after considering the bill and demurrer* made his report on the 8th of the same month, that the demurrer was good. But his lordship reflecting that the plaintiff was displaced " not for any insufficiency but in regard of age and other infirmities," and not liking that he " should be cast of without any respect," ordered the company, on the 4th of May, to signify to the Master of the Rolls]} what they would Voluntarily give him in regard of his relinquishing the Nicholas Augar, of St. Johns in Cambridge, M~r of Arts, schoolerrfr in MerceirS Chappell. But by scruteny and most voices, the choise fell fipon Nicholas Gray, who was by this court admitted chiefe schoolem~r of the companies grammer schoole at St. Laurence Pountneis, London, for one whole yeare, from the feast of thanwi- tiation of the blessed Virgin Mary next ensuing the date hereof, upon condicon, and so as that he doth solelie and wholie indevour and imploy himselfc to the duty and performance of that place, and not to attend or follow any other calling during his continuance of cheife schoolem~r there." — iSee minutes of court, 29 January, 1625. * See minutes of court, 30 March, 1625-. •^ For the company .Mr. Attorn«y-G«neval, Mr, Recorder, Mr. Solicitor* Mr. Jar» rett, and Mr. Stone; and, for Hayne, Mr. Atkins and Mr-. Mallet. — See minutes of court, 17 March, and 13 May, 1625. J See minutes of court, 3 May, 1625. § Dr. John Williams, at that time Bishop of Lincoln) afterwards Archbishop of York'. — See his Life hi the Bibgraphm Britannka. t| Sir Julius Caesar. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 223 school, #nd directed Dr ;Duck« th e Chancellor of London,* to take an account of the sums expended by Hayne on the^cTi obi master's hpuse. This gave rise to a treaty, in which the company offered * " A rthu r Duck was born of a wealthy family living at Heavy tre in Devonshire, (the place where afterwards his father built an hospital) became a student in Exeter Coll. in the year 1395, and that of his age 15, took one degree in arts in June, 1599» and then was made commoner of the said coll. afterwards be translated himself to Hart Hall, and. as a member thereof proceeded in the said facjttby an. 1$02, and two years after was elected fellow of All Souls Coll. But his-geny leading him to the study, of the civil law, he took the degrees in that faculty, and much about the same time travelling into' France, Italy, and Germany, was after his return ma de Chancellor of the Dio c. of. B ath and Wel ls. In which office, behaving himself with great integrity, prudence, and discretion, was jhionotped by and bgloyed of Lake, Bishop of (that place, and the more fox this reason, because he was beholden to him fpr the right ordering of his jurisdiction. Afterwards he was made Chjm^eHoj^jsfliondjjg^ and at length Mastef df th e Reque sts, and was in all likelihood, in a certain possibility, of rising higher, if the itimes .had not inte-iwpted him. In the beginning of 1640, he was elected Bur^s|for Q.Mynhead in-Soaiersotshire to sit dn that parliament, which began af \y.e.s,Uni|^ste,r J 3. Apr- .^he same year? and .sopn after siding- with bis majesty r in itije rebellious times, suffered much in his estate, having «£300 at one time give^n thence to one Sei'Ie, a widow. In the month of Sept. in 1648, he and Dr. Rogers were sent fqr to Newport, 'in the Isle of Wight^ by bis majesty, to be assisting to him in his tfeagty •VH'tifa ih^icoanjmiesiifaners seal: from .paiiliament. But that -treaty taking no effect, he retired to his habitation at jGhisfvjek, jp^r London, where, living to sec his master murdered before his own door, he jspo.n »afte^ .eroded ,h' s life. He was a p\ersp,o of smooth language, was an excellent civilian, and a tolerable poet, especially in his younger days, and well versed in histories, whether ecclesiastical or civil. He. hath extant, V4ta HetmoiCMchetey Ardhiephcopi Cantuariensis, sub Regibus HenricV. et VI. Oxen, l8>r7„ ^qu. remitted into the Collection of Lives, published by Dr. Bates, an. '.#584 . — Be usu et Authoritute Juris civitia Rornetnorum in Dominris 'Principum 'Chris* teams, lib* 2, 'Lond. H)S3 and 79, oct.— Leyd*, 1654, Lips. 1668, in tw. &c. In which book *Dr.<3erard Langbaine's 'labours were so much, that he deserved the name of procure the chief schoolmastership of Merchant -Taylors', but that he had* been admitted to the said place " without any manner of charge-:"-^ * Little is known of Hayne after he left Merchant-Taylors', except that he gave several volumes to Sion College library, when it was first erected. The register in thata library still preserves the names of them, and some of the books themselves are in exist- ence, as I ascertained by the assistance of the excellent and attentive librarian, the Rev. Mr. Watts j but most of them have been either exchanged or lost. It is a known fact that Sion College library suffered considerably from the haste with which its con- tents were removed at the fire of London in 1666. ■f '* Whereas it pleased the m"r and wardens, and. court of assistants of Merchant- tailors, upon my peticon preferred unto them, freely to elect ai»d admitt me to the place of cheife schoolem~r of their grammer schpole at St. Lawrence Pountneis, London, for one whole yeare from our Lady day Jasj, ; past^ which 1 thankefully ac- cepted ;, and 1 doe hereby declare and affirme that I.haye,iiot, nor any other for me to my knowledge, hath directly or indirectly given, promised, or departed with,. op merchant-Taylors' school. 22/5 and though the result was unfavourable to Hayne, reflections rose out of the ease, that caused the bounty of the company to flow more copiously to his successors. Gray, being now put in possession of the residence belonging to his place, set about the discharge of his duty with alacrity equal to his ability, which was of no ordinary character; for though many circumstances conspired to render his admission un- popular, it is not to be dissembled that he was fully equal to the government of the school. At the same time it is much to be re- gretted that the distinguished personages, who had been accus- tomed to attend on the publiek days, disgusted at the late pro- ceedings, forbore their visits for some years, and never resumed them with that frequency which had been usual. On St. Barna- bas's Day, notwithstanding the plague raged violently in the city, the election was held with the accustomed ceremony in the char- pel.* Micklethwayt-f" and Skinner were brought forward as examiners, and Joseph Crowther, William Hutton, and Edmond Gayton, were elected scholars of St. John's. J Soon after which, doe purpose to give, promise, or depart with any things for by reason or mean«s of* the procuring or obteyning of the said place, but doe hereby truely and plainely acknowledge the great love of the said company, and that my admittance into the said place was and is cleere and free unto me without any manner of charge. - And,' in testimony of this my declaracoti and recognicon; -I have hereunto sett my hand, given this 4:th of June,. l6 L 25. " Nicholas Gray. " Witnes Clement Mosse. .,; , . : ,.-•.'. Fra. Ashman." * " The plague still raged in London, so that in one week there died 5000 persons; it, was also spread in many placesin the country.. In some families, both master and mistress, children, and servants, were all swept away. For fear of infection, many persons who were, to- pay, money, did first put it into a tub of water, and then it was taken forth by. the party that was to receive it."— Whitelock's Memorials, p. 2. i.Dr. Paul Micklethwayt, Master of the Temple.— See Mait/and's. Hist, of London, v. ii. p. 972. t "11 June, 1625. Three places void — for the examinacons and apposicons of the scholers there were invited Mr. Paul Micklethwayt and Mr. William Skinner, both G £ 226 THE HISTORY OF it was thought fit to make an order of court, confining the election to " such youth only as have beene, or shall hereafter continue, three yeares together at the least scholers" of Merchant Taylors, and absolutely forbidding the readmission of any boys who have gone " from thence to another schoole."* On the 3d of May, 1626, Gray was re-elected chief schoolmaster for one year from the Lady-Day preceding ;-f and, on the 10th of the same month, he petitioned the court for relief, on the ground that shortly after his appointment the plague had so diminished the number of his scholars, that he bad derived little emolument from his situation ; in answer to which they were " pleased to be- stowe uppon him the some of twenty pounds as of their free guifte, which he very thankefully accepted/'J In June, Dudley Hawkes ■which were present with some other learned men, — Nine of the principall scholers of the said schoole did pronounce orations, — the said nine scholers were examined, — these fower, viz Joseph Crowther, Dudley Hawkes, William Hutton, and Edmond Gayton, were put in eleccon, and the company proceeding to elleccon byscrutehy, the choise by most voices fell upon Joseph Crouther, William Hutton, and Edmond Gay- ton ."—See minutes of court. * " It was thought fitt, and soe ordered, for the better encouragement of the scholers of the companies gramer schoole in St. Laurence Pountneis, to continew and proceed in their learning there, That such youth only as have beene, or shall hereafter continewe three yeares together at the least scholers there, and none other shalbe put in election to be preferred from that schoole to St. John Baptist Colledge, in Oxford. But if any such scholer (which hath or shall soe continewe three yeares together in that schoole) hath, or shall depart or goe from thence to another schoole, he shall not be thereafter admitted or received againe into the companies schoole." — See minutes of court, 15 June, 1625. — The eligibility to St. John's, further limited by order of court 20 December, 1750. f See minutes of court. — The company thought, by these annual elections, to prevent the recurrence of so much trouble as they had experienced in expelling Hayne; and the practice continued for some years till the masters fell on the expedient of securing themselves in pretence, if not in reality, by licences from the Bishop of London. "J; " 10 May, 1626. This court uppon the humble peticon of Mr. Nicholas Gray, chiefe 4$chooleui~r of the comp. grammer schoole, at St. Laurence Pountneis, London, tooke consideracon of the greate hinderance that he received by the last heavy visitacon and plague, whereby the scholers did then forsake him, and he forced to discontinew, merchant-tAylors' school. 227 and Richard Coxson were elected scholars of St. John's, Dr. An- drewes and Micklethwayte being examiners for the company.* And, towards the close of the year, John Juxon, Esq.f a member of the company, bequeathed several sums of money to be paid yearly for ever out of certain lands and tenements mentioned in his will, for the better maintenance of certain lectures in the city pf London ; providing, at the same time, that if any of the lectures should be discontinued, a proportionate share of the said money should be paid to the master and wardens and their successors for the time being, for ever, to be paid according to their discretion " at or before the feast of St* Thomas the Apostle to some poor scholars, the one year in Oxford, and the other year in Cambridge:'^ and give over the schoole for that tyine, he being then but newly admitted and come to that place, soe that he hath bad but very little benefitt thereof. Whereuppon this court foT the better encouragement of the said Mr. Gray, is pleased to bestowe uppon him the some of twenty pounds as of their free guifte, which be very thankefully ac- cepted, and acknowledged the favour and bounty of this court towards him. Our m~r is to pay the same, and this our order to be his discharge." — See minutes of court. * " 11 June, 1626. Richard Andrewes, Doctor in Phisicke, and Paul Mickle- thwayte^ Bachelor of Divinity, who were intreated to be examiners for the com- pany, — five of the principall schollers of the said schoole pronounced severall orations, — by thadvise of the said learned men uppon these fower names, viz. Dudley Hawkes, Richard Coxson, John Blincoe, and George Gisby. So the eleccon by scruteny and most voyees fell uppon Dudley Hawkes and Richard Coxson." — See minutes of court. f A relative of Dr. Juxon, now president of St. John's. % " Extracted from the registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, in the will of John Juxon, citizen and merchant-taylor of London, dated 17th August, 1626, is as follows: — " And further, i give and my will and mind is, that the several sums of money here- after also mentioned, shall be yearly, for ever after my decease, at two feasts or terms in the years, (that is to, say, the annunciation of the blessed virgin Mary, and St. Mi- chael the Archangel,) by even and equal portions out of the said lands and tenements by me purchased of the said Anthony Calcott, alias Calcocke, paid for the better niain^ taining of ihe lectures following, so long as they shall continue ; that is to say, to him that is, or shall be, appointed to preach the lectures about six or seven of the clocke on every Sunday morning at Allhattows in Lombard Street, London, forty shillings, if it shall G g2 228 THE HI g TOBY OP and from this fund, by reason of the discontinuance of the lectures, have many deserving, young men been assisted in the .purchase, of books at the commencement of their academical studies.* be performed find continued the whole year ; if not, then but twenty shillings. To him that is, or shall be, appointed to preach the lecture about five of the clock in' the after- noon, on every Monday, at St. Margaret's, at New Fish-Street- Hill, London, forty shil- lings, if it shall be performed and continued the whole year ; if not,- then but twenty shillings. To him that is, or shall be, appointed to preach the lecture about five o'clock in the afternoon on every Tuesday, at AllhalloWs the Great, in Thames Street, London, forty shillings, if it shall be performed and continued the whole year; if not, then but twenty shillings. To him that is, or' shall be, appointed to preach the lecture about •five of the clock in the afternoon on every Wednesday, at St. Mildred's,' in Bread- Street, London, forty shillings, if it shall be performed and continued the whole year; if not, then but twenty shillings. To him that is, or shall be, appointed to preach the lecture about five o'clock in the afternoon on every Thursday, at the church in Little Eastcheap, in Loudon, forty shillings, if it shall be performed and continued the whole year; if not, then but twenty shillings. To him that is, or shall be, appointed to preach the lecture about five of the clock in the afternoon, on every -Friday, at Rood-Church, near the westend of Tower-Streetj forty shillings, if it shall be performed and continued the whole year,- if not, then but twenty shillings. To Mr. Spendlove, being. now one of the lecturers at St. Antolins, in London, on Saturday, at six of the clock in the morn.- ing, {so long as he shall live,) forty shillings; and, after his decease, I will that the like sum of forty shillings shall every year yearly for ever, at the feasts or terms last ahov<> mentioned, by even and equal portions, paid equally and amongst those ministers- that shall perform the morning lectures (I mean the appointed lectures) at St. Antholins aforesaid, on the week days so longe as the said lectures shall continue. Andmvwill and meaning is, that if the said lectures shall not continue as aforesaid, That then for so muck of the money as is aforesaid appointed to be paid for so many of the said; lectures as shall not be so continued, (in case they had been continued,) shall every year yearly given and paid by my heirs and assigns, at the feast of All Saints, unto the masterand wardens of the company of Merchanttailers in London, and their successors for the time being for ever, and by the said master and wardens, and their successors, paid accord- ing as they shall think fit, at or before the feast of St. Thomas the Apostle, to some poor schollars, the one year in Oxford, and the other year in Cambridge for ever." * In former times, when money was more valuable and books cheaper, the produce of this benefaction (which very soon fell in) was usually divided among the candidates of the year; but, for some years past, it has been given entire, to the amount of twelve pounds, to which ever young man seemed most to want it,, or most likely to make a proper use of it by expending it in the purchase of books. MERCHANT-TA.YLOB/S' SCHOOL. 229 In 1627, George Gisby and John: Blinco were chosen scholars of St. John's, in the presence of Dr. Gifford, as x well as of Andrewes and Micklethwayte.* i The following year, George Wild, Thomas Tuer, Laurence Brewer, John Heyfield, and "William; ,Page, were elected. The examiners were Andrewes and Micklethwayte. as.usual.-f - But, from something that occurred about this time, probably on St. Barnabas's Day, an order * was shortly afterwards made, that no visitor or examiner should be appointed for the election, but such as the court chose and allowed of a month before.^ r;f« It is sufficiently, evident, however, that this order did not origi- nate from any objection to the learned men who had of late years been requested to be, examiners, as the same persons were * ap- pointed for the election in; 1629> when Abraham Wright was cho- sen scholar of St, John's. § And, equally clear is it, that Gray's * " 1 1 June/ 1027. Two; places void,— -inVited John Gifford, Doctor of Divinity, Richard Andrewes, Doctor of Phisicke, and Paul Micklethwayte, Bachelor of Divinity, which were all presenty—nyne of the .princlpall schollais did pronounce orations,— the said nyrie schollars were examined, — proceeded to the.eleccon uppon.these five names, viz. George Gisby, John Blincoy John Heifield, George;Wyld, and -William. Page. Soe, the eleccon by most voices fell upon George Gisby and John Blinco." •f " 11 June, 1628. Ffower places vbide, but afterwards fyve places voide, — Richard Andrewes, Doctor, in Phisicke,, and, Paul Micklethwaite, Bachelor of Divinity, who were; entreated to.be examiners for the company,— eight of the principal! schollerspn> nouriced severall,; orations, — proceeded to thelleccon uppdn theis seaven names, viz. George Wild> Thomas Tuer, Laurence; Brewer, John Heyfeild) William Page,. Abraham Wright, and H.umfrey Greene. Soe thelection, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon George Wild, Thomas Tuer, Laurence, Brewer, John Heyfeild, and.William Page.'' — See minutes of court. , ' , J " 18 June, 1628. This court doth thincfcfiU, for speciall reasons,; them movinge to order,That noe visitor or examiner shalbee hereafter appointed, for thelection day att the companies grammer schoole at St. Lali. Pountheis, but such as this courte shall, a month before St. Barnabas Day, yerely, first make, choice; and;allowe of, for that pur- pose."— -See minutes of court. ,% "11 June, l62g. One place. voidy — Paul Micklethwayte, Doctor inlDivinitie, and Richard Andrewes, Doctor in Phisicke, who were intreated to be examiners for the 230 THE V HISTORY OF interest continued unabated; for, on the 23d of July, the court bestowed on him, apparently without his solicitation, a compliment of forty pounds, which, it must be owned, the pains he had taken in the school for more than four years amply merited.* On St. Barnabas's Day, 1630, Humphrey Greene and Edmund Clarke Avere elected scholars of St. John's.-f- Not long after which, the plague breaking out in different parts of the city, and especially in the neighbourhood of the school, Gray was obliged to remove, with his private family and boarders, into the country, to avoid the infection. And many of the scholars who lived with their parents* being, from the same cause, removed out of town, and not returning, he was a considerable loser in consequence of this visitation of providence. But whatever misfortune befell him, he was not without an advocate;]; in the court, whose benevolence on this occasion led them to make him a " free guift of ffortie pounds/' It only excites a lively regret that patrons, who were blest with the means of extending such company, — nyne of the principall schollers of the said schoole, pronounced severall orations,^ — proceeded to theleccon upon theis two names, viz. Abraham Wright and Humfry Greeene. Soe the eleccon, by scruteny and most voyces, fell upon Abraham Wright." — See minutes of court. * " This eourte, taking into consideration the great paines taken by Mr. Nicholas Gray, cheife schoolm'r of the companies free grammer schoole at Saint Laurence Pountneis, theis lower yeares and upwards in his place there, are pleased, for his further inconragement and increase of industry therein, lovinglie to bestowe uppon him, as of the free guifte of this eourte the sume of -xl 1 '- our maister to pay the same, and this order to be his discharge."— See minutes of court, 23 July, 1629. ■f " 1 1 June, 1630. Two places void, — Paule Micklethwaite, Doctor in Divinitre, and Richard Andrews, Doctor in Phisick, who were intreated to be examiners for the company, — thirteene of the principall schollers pronounced several orations,-r- the company, by thadvise of the learned mew, proceeded to theleccon upon theis fower names, viz. Humfry Greene, Thomas Smelling, John Goad, and Edmund Clarke. Soe thelectibn, by scruteny and most voices, fell uppon Humfry Greene and Edmund Clarke." — See minutes of court. % His relative, Robert Gray, served the e$tee o£ warden in the years 1628 and MERC tl ANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 23 J. f liberality to him, had not shown themselves equally generous to Mulcaster and Hayne; and that even on the very same day on which they showed Gray such " especiall favour and bountie," they gave Peter Mulcaster, the son of their, first master, who had im- poverished himself by paying his father's debts, no more than five pounds, and that on condition that he never repeated his suit.* Whether this little incident made Gray suspect that his present situation was not a place in which it would be prudent to out- live his friends, or whether he had all along considered Merchant- Taylors' as a temporary stepping stone, is uncertain. But, from this time, his resignation was looked for; and, so anxious was Laud to see a successor chosen who had been educated at the school and college, that he took an early opportunity of recom- mending Bigmore, who had, it may be recollected, been a com- petitor with Gray.-j- But, as his lordship had discontinued his * " Whereas, by reason of the infeccon of the plague beeing a long time in the next howse adioyning to the companies grammer schoole at Saint Laurence Pountneys, and in other places about the cittie, the parents of verie many of the scholars did forbeare to send their children to the schoole, and Mr. Nicholas Gray, the cheife schoolem~r, having divers gentlemens children boarding with him, was advised for his and their saftie, for a time to remove his famelie from thence into the country, which he accordingly did; this court taking notice of the great hindrance that Mr. Gray receaved thereby, is pleased, of their especiall favor and bountie, to give and bestowe upon him the some of ffortie pounds, as of the free guift of this court. Our m"r to paie the same, and this order to be his discharge. " This daie, upon the humble peticon of Peter Mulcaster, the sonne of Richard Mulcaster, sometimes maister of the companies schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneys, London, sheWeing, that hee, beeing engaged for his ffather, was constreyned to paie those debts, and haveing eight children to bring up, the same did impoverish him, whereby he is fallen into great necessitie and want; this court, in comiseracon of his povertie, is pleased to bestowe upon him the some of ffive pounds for his releife, uppon condicon that he trouble the companie noe more with anie such suite. And, for the paiement thereof this order to be our master's discharge." — See minutes of court, 18 March, l6SJ. f See page 220. 232 THE HISTORY OF visits to the school since the removal of Hayne, he preferred his request to the court through Sir Robert Ducy ? the Lord Mayor, oh the 21st of April; and, by this address he immediately secured to Bigmore the reversion of the mastership, whenever it should become void.* Laud, gratified by this acquiescence on the part of the com- pany, honoured the school with his presence on the 11th of June, accompanied by Winniff, Dean of St. Paul's.f The scholars were * " This courte, uppon the special! comendacon and request of the right honorable and right reverend ffather in God the Lord Bishopp of London, signified by the right honorable the Lord Maior of this citty, on the behaulfe of William Bigmore, M~r of Arts, and one of the senior fellowes of St. John Baptist CoJleadge inOxon,.is pleased lovinglie and freelie to graunt unto the said William Bigmore the revercon and noxte avoydance of the cheife schoolenTrs place of the companies schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, London, whensoever the same place shall by anywaies or meanes whatsoever become void,, to hould and enioy the same with all rights, comodites,,and advantages thereto belonginge and apperteyninge, and the said William Bigmore to sjLand and bee eligible evry yeare, as Mr. Gray, nowe cheife schpplem~r there,, yeariie is, and to contynue therein whensoever that place shall bee void, duringe the pleasure of this court and not otherwise." — See minutes of court, 21 April, 1631. 'j- " Thomas Winniffe was born (as 'tis said) at Shirbourn in Dorsetshire, admitted a bateler or sojourner in Exeter College, Oxon, in Lent term, 1593, elected proba- tioner fellow thereof June 30, 159.5, admitted master of arts in 1601, and about that time entring into holy orders, he became a noted preacher and tutor. In l608, May 5, he was admitted Rector of Willingaldor, and the 15th of. June following to the rectory of Lambourn, both in Essex ; both which, as also his prebend of Mora, (to which the time of his admission doth not appear,) he held till they became void by his promotion to the see of Lincoln. He was chaplain to Prince Henry, and after- wards to Prince Charles. He took the degrees of doctor of divinity at Oxford, July 5, 1619. He fell into displeasure of Prince Charles and also of King James L in 1622, for comparing Frederick,. King of Bohemia, to a lamb, and Count Spinola to a bloody wolf, and for expressing himself an enemy to the Prince his marriage to the Infanta of Spain, for which matters he had like to have lost his spiritualties, had not the king highly valu'd him for his learning, who not long after gave him the deanry of Gloucester, into which he was in9tall'd Nov. 10, 1624, and after the said king's death, being made chaplain to his successor King Charles I. had this deanry of St. Paul's conferred on him, to which he was elected April 18, 1631, (about which time, merchant-Taylors' school, 233 examined, and nine of the principal of them delivered orations as usual. But there being no vacancy at St. John's, the business of the day concluded with compliments from the bishop and ex- aminers to the master and his boys, and hopes on the part of the company, whom a non-election always made to suspect the worst, that no such occasion would happen again.* Early in the year 1632, Gray, who could not be supposed to feel any attachment, to the school beyond what interest dictated, expressed his willingness to resign the mastership, to the duties of which he had been exemplarily attentive, and in the short period of which he had educated Gayton, Wilde, Wright, Goad, Wallwyn, and many others, whose cultivated talents furnished or somewhat before, he was Preb. of Mora;, afterwards, upon the translation of L>r. Williams to York in 1641, this our dean was nominated by the king Bishop of Lin- coln, and was soon after consecrated ; but the rebellion breaking out the next year after, he received little or no profits from the lands belonging to his sea, only trouble and vexation, as a bishop. Afterwards he retired to Lambourn, (the advowson whereof he, had bought, which he afterwards gave to his nephew, Peter Mews, (late Bishop of Wintoi\,) spent there for the most part the remainder of his days, and" justly obtain'd this character from a learned bishop, ' That none was more mild,' modest, and humble, yet learned, eloquent, and honest, than Bishop Winniff.' He' v died, in the summer time, in 1654, and was buried in the church at Lambourn, where soon after was erected a comely monument over his grave, with an inscription." — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 51. * " 11 June, 1631. Paule Micklewaite, Doctor in Divinitie, and Richard Andrewes, Doctor in Phisicke, who were intreated to bee examiners for the companie, where- unto alsoe were invited the Bishopp of London and the Deane of Paules, vvhoe ac- cordinglie came, — nyne of the principall schollers of the said scboole pronounced ' severall oracons. — But, forasmuch as this yeare there is noe place void in the colledge, therefore there was noe eleccon made, but the scholars were encouraged to proceed on in theire learninge, and the Bp. of London and other the learned men much comended the labour and iridustrie of the schoolemaster. — This daie was, by the sta- tuts of the founder, solempnlie appointed and preparacon accorclinglie made for an; eleccott, and not barelie or simplie for an examinacon or tiyall of the schollars. And this comp'? hopeth that the like occasion will not fall out, or that this course shall hereafter bee drawne in president."— -See minutes of court. Hh 234 THE HISTORY 01? them with resources through the troublesome times that ensued. But Bio-more waving the promise which had been made him, Awgar thought it a fair opportunity to renew his application. Besides whom, John Edwards and Henry Bellamy, who had been educated at Merchant Tavlors', and were now masters of arts and fellows of St. John's, appeared as candidates. The same commendable motives which had induced Laud to recommend Bigmore, prevailed with him to interest himself in favour of Edwards, who, on the 13th of February, was unani- mously chosen to succeed Gray at the following Midsummer.* Gray, on his part, promised to quit at the time appointed, and the company, who were never backward to act generously to him, voted him no less than a hundred pounds at his departure " in token of their good acceptance of his endeavours in their schoole * " Whereas Mr. Nicholas Gray, the companies schoolemaster of their grammer schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, London, having taken upon him a benefice, with cure of soules, is willing to leave and yeild upp into the companies hands that place to dispose thereof to such other fitt person as the company shall thinke fitt; nowe this daie the company entring into consideracon of the eleccon of another hable and fitt person to bee schoolemaister there in the place of Mr. Graye, proceeded to their eleccon by scruteny upon theis three names, viz. Mr. John Edwards and Mr. Henry Bellamy, Maisters of Arts and fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon, and Mr. Agar, M~r of Arts, schoolemaister at Mercers Chappell. But the court taking notice of the speciall recomendacon and requeast of the right honorable and right reverend ft'ather in God the Lord Bishopp of London, signified by the right worship- full Sir Robert Ducey, Kt. and Barronett, and alderman of this cilty, on the behalfe of Mr. Edwards, did lovinglie and freelie eledt and choose Mr. John Edwards, to bee cheife schoolemaister of the companies gramar schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, London, in the place of Mr. Nicholas Gray for one whole yeare from the ffeast of the nativitie of St. John Baptist next ensueing, and soe to stand eligible yearelie for his continuance therein during the companies pleasure and noe longer nor otherwise, and upon condicon that hee doe soly and wholy endeavor himselfe to the duty and performance of that place, and not to attend or followe any other calling during his continuance of cheife schoolemaister there." — See minutes of court, 13 February, 1632. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 235 and their loves to him/'* On the 11th of June, Dr. Mickle- thwayte and Dr. Andrews examined the principal scholars, after which Thomas Snelling, John Goad, Richard Paynter, and Wil- liam Wallwyn, were elected to St. John's.f And, in a few days, Gray exchanged the mastership of Merchant Taylors' for that of * " 14 March, 1-682. This daie, Mr. Nicholas Graye, the companies schoolem~r of theire schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, London, here in court, promised to leave and yield up unto Mr. Edwards, lately chosen lo succeed in that place,, the schoole and schoolehouse there at Midsomer next, and Mr. Graye humblie praied this court to take his former paines and hindrances by raeanes of the former and last visitacon into their consideracon. Whereupon this court, in token of their good acceptance of his endeavours in their schoole, and their loves to him is pleased lovinglie and* freely to bestowe upon him the sume of one hundred pounds to bee paid at his depar- ture as of the free guift of this court. Our uTr to paie the same, and this order to feee his disohardge."- — See minutes of court. And after he had quitted the premises,. they very handsomely purchased of him such furniture as he chose to leave, that suited the house, and gave him =£'20 " for divers charges." " 14 July, 1632. It is ordered that Mr. Senior and Mr. Beardall, wardens, shall ▼eiwe the companies schoolehouse at St. Lawrence Pountneys, and the scholemaisters house there, and to give order fou the repaire and beautifyinge thereof, and to buy such bedstedds, table, and formes of Doctor Gray, as are fitting to be left and used; with the house, and likewise to see that such goods and implements there as are the companyes be left in the companyes use." — See minutes of court. " 16 October, 1.632. This court, uppon the suite of Nicholas Gray, Doctor in Divinity, late cheife schoolenVr of the companyes gramar schoole at Saint Laurence Pountneys, London, is pleased to bestowe uppon him the sume of twenty pounds for divert charges by him disbursed' during the time that he contynued cheife schoolem*i there, as for tythes, repayring the schoolehouse there,, and for the fine and rent for- the Thames water brought into the house, for payment of which twenty pounds this order to be our master's discharge." — See minutes of court. f " 11 June, 1632. Power places void, — Paule Micklethwaite, Doctor in Divinities and Richard Andrews, Doctor in. Phisicke, who- were intreated to bee examiners for the company.— Tenne of the principall scholars of the said schoole pronounced seve- rall oracons, — the company, by. thadvise of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon upon theis sixe names, viz. Thomas Snelling, John Goad, Richard Paynter, William Wallwyn, George Miller, and William Wilkinson. Soe the eleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon Thomas Snelling, John Goad, Richard Paynter, and William Wallwyn." — See minutes of court. II ll2 236 THE HISTORY OF Eton College, where be was welcomed as a schoolmaster of tried abilities and success in teaching.* Edwards, who had been a scholar of Hayne's, entered upon his offiee at Midsummer. Orders were given, as usual, to repair and beautify the school and the house adjoining. Nor was any atten- tion wanting on the part of the company to a master, who, in ad- dition to his personal qualifications, came recommended to them by their diocesan.-j- v * " And at length fellow of that house ; but whether he proceeded D. of D. irt the Univ. of Oxon (which degree was confer'd on him about that time) I know not, for it appears not so in the Publick Register. In the time of the rebellion he was turned out from his fellowship and parsonage by the Presbyterians, was put to difficult shifts, and, with much ado, rub'd out for some years. At length obtaining the mastership of Tunbridge school in Kent, in, or before, the reign of Oliver, (in the place of Tho." Home made master of Eaton school,) continued there till the king's return, and then being restored to his parsonage and fellowship, was in hopes to spend his old age in peace, retiredness, and plenty; but he died soon after, as I shall anon tell you. His works are these.^-Dictionary in English and Latine, Lat. and English. Several times printed at London, but when first of all published, I know not. This diet, mostly taken from that of Rider, had many additions put to it by Grey, but a second or third edit, of Holyok's Diet, coming out, prevented (as 'tis said) the publication of them. He also published Luculenta & sacra Scripturd testimonia, ad Hugonis Grotii baptizatorum puerorutn institutionem, Loncl. 1647, 50, 55, &c. oct. Which catechism was written by Hug. Grotius in Latine verse, turned into Gr. verse by Christ. Wase, B. of A. and Fellow of King's Coll. in Cambridge, (since superior Beadle of Law in Oxon,) and into Engl, verse by Franc. Goldsmith, of Gray's Inn, Esq. This book is dedicated to John Hales, Fellow of Eaton Coll. by Dr. Grey, who hath also published Parabola Evangelica lat. reddita Carmine par.aphrastico ,varii generis in usum schola Tunbrigiensis, Lond. in oct. when, printed I know not, for 'tis not put down in, the tit. or at the end. He gave way to fate, in a poor condition, at Eaton, in sixteen hun- dred and sixty, and was buried in the choire of the church or chappel there, near to the stairs that go up to the organ loft, on the fifth day of October, as I have been in- formed." — Wood's Athena, v. ii. col. 252. *T " This court is pleased lovingly and freely to graunte'to Mr. Edwards, the com- panyes schoolemaster of their grammar schoole at Saint Lawrence Pountneys, the sume of twenty-six pounds thirteene shillings and foure pence towards the furnishinge MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 237 In June, 1633, George Miller was elected scholar of St. John's.* And, on the 3d of the following month, John Juxon, the heir of John Juxon who had bequeathed to the company several sums of money for the benefit of poor scholars at the univer- sities, contingent on the discontinuance of certain lectures,^-- came to the court, and acquainted them that the lectures ap- pointed by his father were not continued, tendering, at the same time, a sum of money in full of all arrears that had accu- mulated during his minority.:]: But some difference of opinion arising between the court and Juxon, referees were appointed on both sides, with power to adjust the account and report their proceedings.^ This they did on the 11th of November, when the sum of thirty pounds was taken in discharge of all arrears to Lady Day preceding, and Juxon was complimented, at his request, with the nomination of two of the first scholars who should receive his father's benevolence.|| him with necessaryes for his house and. for his better encouragement in his place. Our maister to pay the same, and this order to be his discharge/V-See minutes of court, 14 July, 1632. * " 1 1 June, 1633. One place void, — Paule Micklethwait, Doctor in Divinity, and Richard Andrews, Doctor in Phisicke, who were intreated to be examiners for the company. — Tenn of the principall schollars of the said schoole, pronounced severall oracons, — the company, by the advice of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon upon theis three names, viz. George Miller, Henry Westly, and Robert Elliott. Soe the eleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon George Miller." — See minutes of court. T See page 227- % John Juxon the elder, made his will 17th Aug. 1626, and on 18th Sept. thejsame year, administration was granted to Arthur Juxon, during the minority of John Juxon the younger, to whom, on his coming of age, administration was granted, 27th Nov. 1635. § See minutes of court, 3 July, 1633. II " 11 November, 1633. Whereas, at a courte of assistaunts here held, the third day of July last, Mr. Juxon, the sonne and heire of Mr. John Juxon, a brother of this company, deceased, came to the said court and offered to pay in courte a cer- teine some of money which hee desired might bee accepted in full of all arreragea 238 THE HISTORY OF On St. Barnabas's Day, 1634, Henry Westley was chosen scholar of St. John's.* And towards the close of the year, Edwards intimated his intention of relinquishing his present situation. The college looked to him to take the proctorship of the university in a few months, and the declining health of Dr. Lapworthf afforded a near prospect of the lectureship in natural philosophy, for which he was eminently qualified. And due to this company, by defaulte of the contynuanoe of certeine lectures appointed by the will of the said Mr. Juxon, which sume that courte refused to accept of in full payment thereof, but Sir Wm. Acton, Knt. and Baronet, and Captain. Langham, being chosen by Mr. Juxon, and Mr. Bedle and Mr. Elner, on the behalf of this company, were entreated and authorized to conclude and putt an end to the differences betweene Mr. Juxon and the companie. Now this day the said ref- ferrees did make report to this court, that they had mett togeether and considered thereof, and agreed that Mr. Juxon should pay unto the comp ie the sume of thirtie- pounds as due unto the comp ie untill our lady last, which sume, and such other sumes of money as shalbe paid to this comp ie hereafter by the said Mr. Juxon, by the will of the said Mr. Jobn Juxon, deceased, to be imployed for the reliefe and main- tenance of poore schollars in the university of Oxon and Cambridge. And this- court, out of their good respect to Mr. Juxon, at his request, is pleased to giant him the noiation of twoe schollars to enjoy the benifite of such releife as the comp" shall thinke fitt to bestowe upon them, for this time, out of the said thirty pounds,, viz. Job Tukey and Thomas Arthure, of Emanuel Colledge, in Oxon." — See minutes- of court. * " 11 June, 1634. On place void, — Paule Micklethwaite, Doctor in Divinity, and Richard Andrews, Doctor in Phisick, who were intreated to be examiners for, the <:ompanie, — seaven of the principall schollars of the said schoole pronounced severall oracons, — it was agreed that the company should proceed to the eleccon uppon theis three names, viz. Henry Westly, Robert Elliott, and Thomas Ward. Soe the eleccon, by scrutiney and most voices, fell uppon Henry Westley." — See- minutes of court. — It appears from the MS. account, that Robert Elliot was likewise admitted a scholar at the same time. This must have been by what is now called a post election. f " Edward Lapworth, D. M. of St. Alban's Hall, lately schoolmaster of the- school belonging to Magdalen College, designed the first reader by the founder's will. He died at Bath, May 23, 1636, and was buried in the church of St. Peter and Paul there, the 24th of the said month." — Gutch's History and Antiquities*, p. 870. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 23$ Laud, now Archbishop of Canterbury, and Chancellor of Oxford, was too well acquainted with Edwards's merits, and too well disposed to encourage his honourable ambition, to confine- at Merchant-Taylors those talents which were capable of instruct- ing a university. It is only to be lamented, that his stay here was too short to permit any individual to be pointed out as en- tirely educated under him. But, though Laud was thus instrumental in depriving the school of a man, whose services would have sprung from affec- tion as well as duty, he was careful to bring forward another, scarcely less deserving the patronage of the company. This person was William Staple, who had likewise been educated under Hayne, and transplanted from Merchant-Taylors' to St. John's.* His pretensions, indeed, were opposed by John Phil- lips, the head usher, and another candidate of the name of Turner.*!* But his grace's recommendation prevailed over every other consideration, and, on the 31st of October, Staple was elected, according to the plan that had obtained since the ejection of Hayne, for one year, " and soe to stand eligible yearely."J * See pages 1 85 and "%QQ. ■f Ely Turner was minister of Hadley, near Edmonton, -"See Newcwrt's Repdrt0rium i v. i. p. 621. % " Whereas, the company understanding that Mr. John Edwards, their schoole- m~r of their gramar schoole at Saint Lawrence Pountneys, London, doth intend shortly to leave the same place; this day the company entring into consideracon •of the eleccon of another hable and fitt person to be sebooletiTr in his place, pro- ceeded to the eleccon, by scrutiny, uppon theis three names, vis. Wm. Staple, John Phillips, and Ely Turner. But the court taking notice of the especiell recoffien- dacon and request of the Right Honorable and most Reverend Father in God, the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury his grace, signified unto this court by the Right Worshipfull Sir William Acton, Knt. and Bart, and Alderman of the citty, and Mr. Grigg, on the behalfe of Mr. Wm. Staple, a late student in St. John's Colledge, in Oxon,to be a fitt and hablc schoolenfr for that schoole, did lovingly and freely 240 THE HISTORY OF In June, 1635, the boys were examined by Dr. Micklethuayte, and Styles, Rector of St.George's, Botolph-Lane,* and there being four vacancies, Thomas Ward, Richard Stevenson, Thomas Tucker, and George Kinglake, were elected scholars of St. John's, -f- .And, in the month following, the sum of fifty pounds was voted to Staple, " for his better encouragement" in the discharge of his duty.;j: elect and choose the said Mr. Wm, Staple to be cheife schoolem~r of the companies gramar schoole, at St. Lawrence Pountneys, in the place of Mr. John Edwards, for one whole yeare next after the avoidance and departure of the said Mr. Edwards from the schoole and schoolehouse there, and soe to stand eligible yearely for his con- tinnence therein, during the companies pleasure and noe longer, nor otherwise., and uppon condicon, that he solely and wholy indeavour and imploy himselfe to the duty and performance of that place, and not to attend or follow any other calling during his continuance of cheife schoolem~r there." — See minutes of court, 31 October, 1634. * " Matth. Styles was of Exeter College, Oxon, where he took the degree of doctor of divinity, in 1638. He was an eminent minister in this city, an excel- lent grammarian and casuist, and one that had gained great knowledge and ex- perience by his travels into several parts of Italy, particularly at Venice, when he went as chaplain with an embassador from England, anno 1624. In 1643, he was nominated one of the assembly of divines, but whether he sate among them, my author (A. Wood) knew not; because he was forced by the giddy faction, at that time, to resign his cures of this church, and S. Gregories, near S. Paul's. He was admitted rector of Orsett, (Essex), Jan. 5, 1640, at the king's presentation ; but the time of his voiding it, or how, appears not." — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 354. •f " 11 June, 1635. Fou re places voide,— Paule Micklethwayte, Doctor in Divi- nity, and Mr. Mathias Style, whoe were entreated to be examiners for the company, -^nine of the principall schollars of the said schoole pronounced severall orations, —the companie, by the advise of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon uppon theis five names, viz. Thomas Ward, Richard Stevenson, Thomas Tucker, Thomas Painter, and George Kinglake. Soe theleccon, by scrutiny and most voices, fell vppon Thomas Ward, Rich d . Stevenson, Tho s . Tucker, and George Kinglake." iS'ee minutes of court. J " This court is pleased to bestowe uppon Mr. Wm. Staple, the companies cheife schoolem~r of their gramar schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneys, for his better encouragement in that place, the sume of fiftie pounds, as of the free guift of this MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 2f41 Next year, the company wrote to the college as usual, to re-* mind them of the approach of St. Bamabas's Day; but, as the plague was, at that time, beginning to spread terror and dismay through the city, they took that opportunity of suggesting, that though it had not yet made its appearance in the parish of St. Laurence Pountney, it might be prudent to hold the election at some neighbouring town.* To this letter, Bayley,-f- (the new court. Our m"r to pay the same, and this order to bee his discharge." — See minutes of court, 14 Jul. 1635. * " A Ire sent to St. Johns Colleadge, in Oxon, the tenor whereof followeth, viz. Our comendacons remembred, &c. Theis are to desire you to have in your good remembrance St. Barnabas Day, yearely appoynted- by your good founder and our beneficial] brother, Sir Thomas White, of worthie memory, for the eleccon of schollars, which, by him, is appoynted to bee in the chappell of our grammar schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneys parish in London; but, if the citty should be visited with any contagious sicknesse, or the ayre infected, soe that the schollars cannot r. be delt withaH there safely and freely, then some other place which should not bee farr from the citty might bee appoynted by the m~r, wardens, and assistants, where with all possible convenience, the noiacon and eleccon might bee made ; and, seeing it hath pleased Almighty God to visite some part of the citty with the pestilence, yet the parish where our schoole is, and others neighbouring thereuppon, (God bee thancked), are at this presente cleere, which wee pray may soe continue, and of his mercy to cease the sicknesse begunne. In the great visitaeon which was in the first yeare of his majesties raigne, the eleccon was kept in the chappell, but if you conceive that with safety the same cannot now be there kept, wee desire you to send us your opinions, and withall to certifie us what places are voyde, and to appoyut your appositors before that day, desiring that it would please Mr. Presi- dent to be one, if it may stand with his conveniency, whoe, with the rest, shalbee heartily welcome unto us, and, in the meane tyme, to informe us of the names of the appositors. And soe wee commend you to the protecccn of the Almighty, whoe prosper your studies to his glory. " Your very loving freinds, Will. Tulley, M~r." f Richard Baylie, (educated at Coventry), Bac. of D. and Chancellor of St. David's, elected president 12 Jan. 1632, became dean of Salisbury, an. 1635: ejected by the committee for the reformation of the university of Oxford, 20 Jan. 1647-8, and, by the visitor* in the beginning of the year following. Restored by the king's I i i542 THE HISTORY OF president in the room of Juxon,) and Bancks,* Wingham, Warner, Harmon, Vylett,-f Atkinson, Edwards, Cuffe,* Croocher, and Floyde,§ (the senior fellows in college,) replied that, as it could not be foreseen how much the contagion might settle about the neighbourhood of the school, they certainly could not make an absolute promise to attend so publick a meeting--that, however, if the daily mortality did not rise to hundreds, they would meet at the school — but that if it exceeded that proportion, they would, according to the proposal, meet them at some town in the neigh- bourhood of the metropolis : in which case, they gave it as their opinion, it would be sufficient if the court brought with them a few only of the boys, not exceeding six, out of whom they could make their choice; adding likewise, that if the plague should spread so far as to render any meeting at all imprudent, they would, as there was but one vacancy, readily admit the young man who was the unsuccessful candidate the year before. || commissioners in the beginning of Aug. 1660. He died, at Salisbury, 27 July, 1667, and was buried at the upper end ©f the college chapel.^— See Gutch's Colleges k Halls, p. 545, and MS. account. * Henry Bankes, elected from Coventry .-r^MS* account. T-. Nicholas Vilet, a founder's kin. — MS. account. J Robert Cuffe, elected from Bristol. — MS. account. § Thomas Floyde, a founder's kin. — MS. account. }} " A r>e from the president and senior fellowes of St. John's Colleadfe inOxony— the tenor whereof fbllaweth, viz. " Hight worship-full, " After our love and comends, &e. our president and twoe of our seniors* Dr. Wingham and Mr. Croucher, whae wee have chosen eleetioners would bee right gladd to meete you at your chappell in St. Lawrence Pourftneysi, according to the injunction of our founder's statuts, your present desire and the accustomed manner uppon St. Bar- nabas day. " But, forasmuch as th«y cannot certeynely fouetell how generally the contagion of pestilence (which wee daily beseech God to avert) may spread itselfe in the citty, or how the same may more partieulaiirly seile. iteelfe about that place where the schoole is before the day ef eleccos, whereby it might neither b«« safe forjyon. or us to attend MERCHA.NT-rAYl.OTiV SCHOOL. 243 . On the 28th of May, however, the company abandoned the plan of going out of town, and acquainted the college that they should prefer holding the election at the school, but that there should be only four boys in attendance, and no guests invited to the dinner.* To which the college replied in terms expressive of so publique a meeting, they doe therefore desire that you would not expect there abso-» lute promise to meete there. " Yet thus farr they are desirous to expresse themselves unto you that, in case th^ pestilence spread not soe that the number dying, of the plague rise not to hundreds, and that it fasten not to places adiacent unto the schoole, they wilbe ready to meete- you there. If either of theis come to passe, they desire that you would appoynt some neighbouring towne, free from the plague, for this meeting, and they will there ac- company you, and then that you bring but foure or sixe of your youthes for examina- cqn, which number will abundantly supply the, sole voyde place which wee have by the preferment of Mr. Lufton. " In case (which God forbidd) the plague should soe encrease as that it be*e ima- gined unsafe for us to meete togeather, either within or wkhout the citty, wee referr it to your consideracon, whether it would not best become us to forbeare any publique meeting, and that wee ioyntly content ourselves that younge Paynter, whome both your company and both your and our examinants approved the last yeare, bed co- mended to our colleadge, which wee doubt not (the younge man having proceeded as he begunne) will admit t him into their society. Thus, desiring you to accept of our readines to aunsweare our duty and your desires in such manner as wee may with safety, we cease not to pray for your continuall preservacon and rest. " Your loving freinds, Nic. Vylett. Rich. Bayly, President. Tho. Atkinson. Hen. Bancks, Vice-Presid~t. Jo. Edwards. Arthur Wingham. Ro. Cuffe. Hen. Warner. Nath. Croocher. Tho. Harrison. Tho. Fioyde." * " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, &c. Wee rece"d your Tres, and thancke you for your good respect to our company, and doe intreate you that, according to the tyme appoynted by the founder, you will vouchsafe a meeting in the chappie of the, schoole of St. Lawrence Pountneys, for the eleccon of a schollar to supply the place voyde, whereof you intimate unto us, and therefore wee are resolved, according, to our ordinances and your desires signified by your l~res, (God willing), to tneeje you i i 2 244 THE HISTORY OF great anxiety to avoid infection, and urged as a particular reason, that if they conveyed it to Oxford, it might induce the king (Charles I.) to change his intention of visiting them ; and, in con- clusion, they pressed for a meeting about ten miles from London, On the Oxford road.* This the company peremptorily declined. Besides the incon- venience that would then have attended taking so many persons so far from their homes and occupations, his majesty, who at that time kept his court at Hampton, might justly have been offended at a proceeding in direct hostility to the proclamation usually issued during times of contagious sickness.-f- And, therefore, the company determined to wave the attendance of the president and senior fellows, and to meet at their hall, in a private manner, on the afternoon of St. Barnabas's Day, not doubting that the col- lege would readily assent to the election that should take place ; and to this effect they wrote to St. John's on the 4th of June.$ then, which wee intend to bee kept in private manner, both for yours and our owne safety, (which God grannt). And for that purpose wee shall provide a dinner for Mr. President and such apposers as you shall appoynt and our assistants only, and. give order to the schoolem~r that some four of the youthes to bee put in eleccon bee there attending. Thus desiring your speedy aunsweare wee comend you to the pro- teccon of the Almighty, and rest your loving freinds, " Merchant-Taylors. Hall, Wm. Tblley, M>." 28 May, 1636. * This letter has escaped my researches, but its contents are to be gathered from the answer which was returned to it. f By the proclamation to restrain the access of persons to the court from infected places, the king's officers and ministers were charged to make stay of, and to turn all persons whom they should " finde to come from places infected to the place of their residence, not suffering them to approach to his majesties presence or his court, or the court of houshold of his dearest consort the queen, or of his sonne the prince, as they, will avoid his majesties displeasure, and the paines of his lawes ordeyned agaynst con- temners of his commaund." — Uymer's Fadera, v. xixi p. 376. J " A Tre sent to St. John's Colleage in Oxon, the tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Eight vvorshipfull, *' Our comendacons remembred, &c. Wee have received your Ties last written MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 245 But, before the day of election arrived, another vacancy hap- pened, of which the vice-president and three senior fellows gave to us, and wee cannot dislike your care to avoyde the danger of the infeccon now begunrie and dispersed into many places of the citty (although,, thanokes bee given to Almighty. God) not yet neere our schoole ; and wee doe approve of your reasons in . your Tres expressed, more especially for your care of preserving his m ies intencon of visiting you this somer. And, touching a meeting of tenn miles from the citty, de-* sired by you for the eleccon, wee are- of opinion the same wilbe much more incon- venient and suspitibus both for you and us, in regard of his ma iB setled abode about that distance from the citty that way, which is most convenient for you to meete us, which may bee mole offence to his ma ie and more notice taken thereof then if you should meete us at our schoole, in regard of the number of'our company whoe are to bee at the eleccon, besides the schollers to bee put in rfleccon, and such others as are necessary to- bee therewith us. Arid seeing it hath pleased God soe to dispose as . that wee cannot safely performe the eleccon in that comely manner as wee usually have done for the honour ofc our founder and' our company, for the better prevencon of danger and inconveniencies in this tyme of visitacon, and being desirous to accom- modate you by the best wayes they can devise, have determined wholly to put of their intended meeting at the schoole this yeare, soe that if yotrthincke fitt you may spare your travaile and paines to meete us at the eleccon, either to London or elsewhere, which the company will not take in ill part. Neverthelesse our company, out of the good respect they beare to your cblleadge, intend to send you, as a token of their love, the money usually allowed by them towards the charges of your president and', fellow-es comeing to sucheleecon as if you had come to the same, desiring you to dis- pose thereof as you shall thinke fittest for the supply of the occasions of your colledge- best known unto yourselves, the rather for that the companie take kindly your good . acceptance of the bason and ewre they sent you the last yeare. And to the end there may bee an eleccon made of a schollar to supply the place voyde, wee intend to meete - at our hall in the afternoone of the day appoynted by the founder, and then in private manner make the- eleccon of a schollar- with the approbacon of some learned men,' and thereuppon send you our indenture and the counterpane thereof, which, togeathef with your assents thereunto, wee -shall desire you to send back' to us, wherein wee doubt not but wee shall give you good satisfaccon of our faire carriage of your buisines. " Concerning the exhibicon of x"- per annum given by-Mi-. Ffish to your colledge, it was not the intencon of our company to deteyne the same longer then they should bee satisfied that the number appoynted by Mr. Fish to receive the same were full, *nd to that purpose- desired to bee informed by some of your colledge, and sinc^ THE HISTORY OF " ■• ". ■' the company notice.* In consequence of this, after an exaftmha- tion of the whole sixth form, Thomas Painter and Richard Pulley were chosen scholars of St. John's. The president and fellows gave their assent, as it was previously understood they would. And the company paid them the usual compliment of ten pounds, haying notice that twoe of those exhibicons were to be disposed of, they have made choice of William Wallwyn and Henry Westly to bee the twoe exhibiconers, and have, given order to the warden appoynted by our companie for that purpose to make presente payment of soe much thereof as remaynes unpaid. And soe wee cqm£J>4 you to the proteccon of the Almighty, and rest your loving friends. " Merchant-Tailors hall, Wm. Tulley" 4° Junii, 1636. * " A l~re from St. John's Colleadge in Oxon, the tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our hearty comendacons remembred unto you, &c. Wee have neceived yoms l~res, and approved of your reasons concerning our not coming to London, or meeting .you tenn miles on this side therein specified, finding your affeccon to us and our col- leadge fully expressed in the tender care you have of our persons, being content to make an eleccon among yourselves rather than hazard any of us in this, dangerous tyme of visitaeon. Notwithstanding, wee give you tbancks for your loving profFer of the money and kindly accept it, presuming you will, for the credite of your schools' and good of our colleadge, make soe impartiall an eleccon that, whome you shall choose, they may, both for learninge and meanes, bee soe sufficiently proceeded, tha* wee may gladly and without question admitl hiin into our society. " Wee are further to give you notice that, since our last Tres written irato you, there is another place fallen voyde by the resignacon of Mr. Thomas Harrison, uppon his preferment to the parsonage of Creeke according to the will of the donor. " Concerning the exhibicon of tenn pounds per ann~m given by Mr. Ffisli, there wilbe a iust yeares payment behind at this- next Midsomer. If it shall please Mr; Warden, according to your direccons, to pay it, lie shall receive an acquittance for his discharge from Mr. Burser, whoe will distribute it to the three former and the twoe latter exhibiconers, according as it is due. Soe comending you to the proteccon o£ the Almighty, and rest your loveing freinds, " Hen. Bancks, Vice-P"L Hen. Warner. NlC VlLETT. , Natha. Croochek." MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 247 to be disposed of as they should think best fbr the supply of the College.* * "II June, 1636. Memorandum, that the m~r and wardens, observing the orders of their predecessors, did, by their severall Tres, put the president and senior fellowes of- St. John- Baptist Colledge in Oxon, in remembrance of the said day, and accord- ingly received severall aunsweares that there were twoe places voyde, and withall the colledge desiring to bee spared of their accustomed attendance at the schoole, in re- gard of the contagion of the plague now dispersed into many parts of the citty. Whei'euppbn, and in regard of his ma ia comand, prohibiting any publique meeting at the schoole or elsewhere fbr prevencon of the encrease of the sicknes, the company thought ntt to make the eleecon privatly at their comon hall, togeather with the as- sent of their assistants and the learned men, viz. Paule Micklethwayte, U r . in Divinity,, and Mr. Mathias Stile, Bachelor in Divinity, whome they intreaied to be examiners for the company, in the afternoohe, whoe repaired and came to the said hall, uppon Whose coming term of the principall schollars of the said schoole appoynted thereunto,, pronounced sevrall oracons, which being ended there was an examinacon made of the said schollars. And' the said schollars being examined by the said learned men, it was agreed that the company should' proceed to the eleecon.. Whereuppon the company, by the advise of the learned; men, proceeded to the eleecon uppon theis five names,, viz. Thomas Painter, Richajd Pully, Henry Osbaston,. Peter M ewes, and Raph King. Soe the fileccon, by scrutiny and most voices fell upon Thomas Painter and Ric d . Pul- ley. And -the company, by their Tres, siguified their proceedings to the colleadge,. whereuppon the president and twoe senior fellowes gave their absolute and full liking, assent, and Gonsent, to the eleecon. " And the company, out of their good respect to the colledge,. gave direccon. to pay the accustomed tenn. pounds unto the president and twoe senior fellowes out Of their free good will, which hath bin usually allowed towards their rideing charges to bee imployed for the good of the colleadge this yeare in. regard noe ionrney was performed. fey them." * A iT-e sent to Saint Johns Colleadge in Oxon, the tener whereof followetb, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, 8cc. Your last of the 6th of this instant June, wee have rece'd, and, according to your desires and the reasons in your, and our Tres more at large expressed, wee have uppon St. Barnabas dayj in the afternoone, pro- ceeded to the eleecon of twoe schollars to supply the places voyde, whereof you have intimated unto ns,. and after examinacon of the whole 6th forme by Dr. Micklethwayte and Mr. Stite, both learned and judicious men approved by yourselves, and with, their. '248 THE HISTORY OF In the course of the summer, Staple threw himself, as Gray had done, on the benevolence of the company, pleading the loss which he had sustained, by the plague. Juxon, Bishop of London and Lord High Treasurer of England, recommended his case to the particular attention of the court. And, on the 16th of August, they voted him fifty pounds as a free gift ;* to which, in the fol- lowing spring, they added the sum of thirty pounds.-f- approbation wee have elected Thomas Painter and Richard PulJy to supply those places voyde, not doubting but our proceedings have bin soe faire, you will signify your as- sents thereunto. For which purpose wee have sent you here inclosed the several! indentures, desiring you, according to the accustomed manner, to assent thereunto by wryting, and send back to us thone part thereof to bcc kept aud registred with us, and to reteyne thother part thereof at your colledge, allwayes desiring there may bee held that good respect and correspondency betweene your colleadge and our company, which may give testimony of the hearty affeccons wee beare to each other in the reall performance of your founder and our good benefactors intent in soe pious a foun- dacon. And soe we comend you to the proteccon of the Almighty, and rest your loveing freinds, Wm. Tulley, M~r. " Merchant-Tailors Hall, 14th Wm. Angell, } of June, 1636. Symon Wood, > Wardens." Nath. Owen, ) " A Tre received from St. Johns Colleadge in Oxon, the tenor whereof iolloweth, v»z. " Right worshipfull, " Our hearty comendacons remembred, 8tc. Wee have rece~d your Tres, dated the fourteenth of June, with the twoe indentures, whereunto our vicepresident and twoe senior fellowes have sett to their hands in approbacon of your eleccon, and have sent one herein inclosed to you, and doe keepe the other in the colledge. Thus pray- ing God to cease the sicknes begunn. amongest you, and to keepe it from us, wee co- mend you to his blessed proteccon, and rest yr loveing freinds, " Nath. Croocher. , Hen. Banckes, Vice-P"t. Ro. Cuffe. Hen. Warner. Hen. Bellamy. Nic Vylett. Tho. Floyde." * " This day, uppon the peticon of Mr.Wm. Staple, the companies cheife schoole- m~r of their gramar schoole at St. Lawrence Pountnys, and uppon the speciall jreco- MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 249 On St. Barnabas'S Day, 1637, Henry Osbaston, -Peter Mews, Ralph King, and John Jennings, were elected scholars of St. John's ;J for, though the school continued shut in consequence of the plague, Staple still kept the head form together, and gave them regular instruction, without a precaution of which kind the school might have been considered as dead in law, and the advan- tages bestowed upon it by Sir Thomas White might have devolved, according to his statutes, to Christ's Hospital.^ This prudent management on the part of the schoolmaster secured to him a gratuity of twenty pounds the latter end of June,||. a similar com- mendacon of the right honorable and right reverend father in God, W m Lord Bishopp of London,. .Lord high ThTrer of England, signified by his honorable Tres on his behalfe, this court is pleased for his better encouragement, and in regard of his- hin- derance this tyme of visitacon and. sicknes,, to bestowe uppon him the suine of flxfty pounds, as of the free guift of this court. Our m~r to pay the same, and this order ,to be his discharge." — See minutes of court, 16 Aug'. 1636. •f " 5 April, 1637. This daie, uppon the peticon of Mr. William Staple, the com- panies cheife schoolemaister of their gramar schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, this court, in regard of his losse susteyned for that the schoole hath bin dissolved a yeare last past and upwards by reason of the contagion of the plague in and about the citty, is pleased to bestowe uppon him the sume of thirty pounds as of their free guift to, him. Our m~r to pay the same, and this order to bee his discharge." — See minutes of court. •■■;.' J " 10 .June, ',1637* — Fqwer places. voyd, — Paul Micklethwayte, D r . in Divinity, and Mathias Styles, whoe were intreated to bee examiners for the companie, — =seayen of the principall schollars of, the said schoole pronounced severall oracons, — it was agreed that the company should proceede to the eleccon, the next daie being uppon Sunday, afttjr evening .prayer, according to the said order, — Whereupon the comrnmy, by the advise of the said learned men, proceeded to the eleccon uppon theig seaven names,, viz. Heary Osbaston,. Peter Mewes,. Raph King, John Jennings, Samuel Smith, Wil- liam Conyers, and James Aston. Soe , the eleccon, by scrutiny, aqd most voyces, fell uppon Henry Osbaston, Peter Mewes, Raph King, and John Jenmfigs."^— See minutet. of courts ■_.,-.. . ; i ' § .VMe Coll. Staf. kix. _ ( ;• ..: i || "28 June, 1637. This daie, uppon the humble suke of Mr, Staple, the com- panies schoolemaister of their grammar schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys this court Kk 250 THE HISTORY OF pliment. the beginning of October,* and a third sum of twenty pounds soon after Christmas.-j- By directions from Laud, promoted to the Archbishoprick of Canterbury,^ the school was opened on the 19th of October, after having been shut, on account of the plague, nearly a year and a half.§ But no sooner were the boys assembled than the conse- quences, which were always to be apprehended from superseding the head usher, began to show themselves, and to threaten the is pleased to bestowe upon him, for his better encouragement, the' sume of twenty .pounds for the present, and about Christmas next this court doth intend to take his losse, by reason of the contagion of the plague in and aboute this citty, and his paines in teaching the head forme in the meane time, into their further conside- racon. Our m~r to pay the same, and this order to bee his discharge." — See minutes ■ of court. * "4 October, 1637- This daie, uppon the humble suite of Mr. Wm. Staple, the companies schoolemaister of their gramar schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, this court is pleased to bestowe upon him for his better encouragement, the sume of twenty pounds to supply his present occations, in part of such benevolence promised him at Christmas next, in regard of his losse susteyned by reason of, the late infeccon of the plague, in and about this citty. Our m~r to paie the same, and this order to bee hk discharge."— See minutes of court. f " Upon the humble suite of Mr.William Staple, the companyes cheife schoolem"r of their gramar schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, London, this court is pleased to bestowe upon him the sume of twenty pounds more then the ffourty pounds hee hath alreadie received, in consideracon of his losse susteyned by reason of the late visitacon of the plague in and about this citty. Our m> to pay the same, and this order to bee his discharge." — Gee minutes of court, 31 Jan. 1638. % " 28 August, 1637. This daie Mr. Benson, Mr. Bardolph, and the present war- dens, or any twoe of them, are appointed to attend the right honorable and most reverend father in God the Lords Grace of Canterbury, to knowe his pleasure, and take his direccons concerning the opening of the companies schoole at St. Laurence Pountneys, for that it is conceived that schoole will susteyne great prejudice, if that it shalbee any longer shutt upp." — See minutes of court. % " This was the firste probation after the dissolution of the schoole, May the 17th, 1636, from which time it continued shutte, untill the 19th of Oct. 1637." ■Note to the Table of the Schooled Probation, (viz. %4), made y Utk of Decernr, A' D ai 1627. merchant-Taylors' school. 251 subversion of » the government of tile school.**; Phillips, who had been next in succession for eleven years, hurt at having been thrice passed over, in favour of * Edwards, Bigmore, and Staple, was illrdisposed to live on friendly terms with his superior. Qn-thcv20th of November, sundry incivilities were, among other matters, laid- to his charge, for which he was suspended from his placed and*, on the 31st of January, 1638, this suspension was' followed • by > an absolute dismissal of him. But» in con k sideration of his long services, and the recommendation of Sir George . Whitmore^ the court were pleased to bestow on him a parting present of forty marks.§ Peace being thus restored by a sacrifice to. discipline; every tiling went on smoothly till election-day,, when the vice-pre- sident of St. John's informed the company there was no vacancy. But some of the court offering, to prove that one of the fellows of the college, had been married some months, and thereby vacated his fellowship, Samuel Smith, was chosen conditionally ;|| * See page 131. •(■ See minutes of court, 20 November,. 1637. % " He was the son of William Whitmore, who was son to Richard Whkmorej - of the parish of Charely, in the county of Salop." He was a member of the Haber- dashers' company, and served the office of lord mayor in 1631. — "London's Jus- Honorarium; expressed in sundry triumphs, pageants, and shews, at the initiation * or entrance of the Right Honourable George Whitmore. At the charge and ex- pence of the Right Worshipful the Society of Haberdashers. By Thomas Heywood, - 1631." — See Stow's Survey, b„ v. p. 142. § See minutes of court, 31 January, 1638. ,-' || " 11 June, 1638. Some encouradgment of a place void,— Paul >Micklethwaite,- D r . in Divinity, and Mr, Mathias Stiles, whoe were entreated to bee examiners for the company, — seaven of the principall schollers of the said schoole pronounced severall orations, — upon consideracon had betweene the said learned men and the assistants, whether there were any place void, the vicepresident affirming that there was noe place actually void, and, on the contrary, there were produced cer- teine certificates, of records, whereby it appeared that one Mr. Blincoe, a ffellowe of that , eolleadge, had bin ^marr-yed < nine months before (upon whose, naarjri^dge, K k 2. 252? ..1 THE HISTORY «f and the president afterwards 'declaring the fellowship in questions to be void, the young man was admitted accordingly.* *'"> ,- Hitherto,- most of those who had conferred advantages on. the school, had. been members of the Merchant-Taylors' com-' pany.-f- But,, from this "time* benefactors of a new description arose, — men, who having been educated at the school, were; anxious to bequeath to, it proofs of their gratitude and affection.J- The first .of these was Dee, Bishop of Peterborough, v He had been a scholar of Smith's;§ and, during Hayne's mastership, had officiated as one of the examiners.|| - Having risen through a gradation of preferments to the episcopal dignity, he gave to the master and seniors of St. John's College, in Cambridge, after the death of his wife, the impropriation of Pagham, in Sussex, held by lease from the dean and chapter of Canterbury,: ibr the maintenance of two fellows and Uwo scholars for ever, particularly charging, that one fellow and one scholar should be> taken either from Merchant-Taylors' school, or Peterborough- school,f of his kindred or of his name, if any such should be fit, and should be offered to them at their elections.** His lordship by the statutes >of the flounder, his fellowshipp wsts void), it was afterwards agreed, that the. company should proceed to the -eleccOn upon theis three names, via. Samuel Smith, William 'Comers, and James Alston. Soe the eleccon, by scrutiny and most voices, fell upon Sain uel Smith, unto which eleccon, the vicepresictent arid two' senior -fiellovves gave their assent and consent, in case the -president should* declare « place to -bee>void. M — See minutes of -court, * MS. account. ' + Sir Thomas White, Ffysshe, Vernon, Wooller, Whetenhall, &c. i-%- Bishop Dee, Dr. Stuart, "Mr. Parkyn, Dr. Andrew,' &c; ".' § See page 1 ! 33/ '• -"'■■■■ -'-■•■■' '''•■'• ■ ' ■ i -|f See -minutes of 1 Court, J 4 March, "1 6 14. '• '.- 5f Jt is remarkable, -that though the bishop mentions Merchant-Taylors' School' before, 'Peterborough, Wood ''and -most other writers confine his benefaction to- the latter school, not even naming the former. - : . - ; . ,#* Extracted from the'Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. ■y$ iti -the ''Will -of- the/ Right' Reverend Father- in-- "God, -Fraacis Dee, by divine merchant-Taylors': school. 25$; died on the 8th of October, 1638. On the decease of his wife,' his benefaction took effect. And, for many years, St. John's permission, Lord Bishop of Peterborough,: dated 28th of May, 1 638, is as fol- lows :— " . " Imprimis, I give and bequeath unto my dearly beloved wife, Elizabeth Dee, ■ the full and whole sum of five hundred pounds in ready money, and the yearly- revenue of the rectory, or parsonage ■appropriate, of Pagham, in_ the county of J Sussex, as also of all the free lands, glebe lands, tythes, compositions, copyholds, ; whatsoever, within the parish of Pagham . aforesaid are leased out and lett toge- ; ther at this present unto Henry Deacon, of Giving, and James Lamper, of the said-* Bagham; to accrue, come, and be unto her, my said wife, entirely during her natural' ' life, she carefully discharging the rent due unto the church of Canterbury, and keep-' ing all the covenants, contained in the grand lease; granted from the said church, ; that is to say, the dean and chapiter, unto'tny'gOod friends, Mr. Thomas May and Mr. Christopher Lewknor, as in the said, grand lease under the common seal; o'f- the said dean and chapiter doth appear; And also she, my said ' wife; paying unto' mine old aunt, Mrs. Katherine Rogers, twelve pounds per aim. by twenty shillings* a month, and ten shillings over and above every Christmas, so long as the said 3 Katherine Rogers shall live. And also she^ my said wife, paying' unto her .sister, Mrs. Anna Ledder, the sum of eight pourids per annum, by forty shillings quar- terly, during the life of the said Anna iLeddery "who, if. she shall outlive my* wifey then I do discharge, my will of this charge and legacy to the said : Mrs. Ledderi And, : after the death of my said wife, Elizabeth Dee, I do, by these pre'ts, devise the' same. lease and leases of Pagham rectorie* aforesaid, and all the remainder of the" estate ia the said parsonage, freelands, glebe lands, tyths, compositions, copyholds, 1 and what else soever to me belonging, or any wise appertaining, within the parish? of Pagham aforesaid, unto my good friends' the master and -seniors of St.'. jphris College, in Cambridge. And I desire my : trusty and "well beloved friends, "Mr! Thomas May, of Rawmeere, and Mr. Christopher Le mine executor hereafter named, within one year immediately after my death. And this legacy, as also that which I have otherwise given her when it shall come to her, I do give upon condition, that both the one sum and the cither as received shall be laid out either in some copyholds or leaseholds, such as may be to her, during her life, and may descend, after her de&$b, to her nearest kin of blood by name, my bretheren's children, but to such of them as she shall make choice of, only I wish the eldest son may have the best share. Item, I bequeath unto my son-in-law, my' daughter's husband, Doctor William Greenehill, the sum of ten pounds, and mine own saddle gelding, with such furniture as belongeth unto him ; also all mync apparell of cloth and of grogram. Item, I give unto my brother, John Dee, fifty pounds, and I forgive him whatsoever my executor might demand of him upon accompts ; and I give unto my sister, his wife, five pounds, and to their daughter and only child, my niece, Jane Billedge, fifty pounds; and to her husband, Mr. Richard Billedge, and to their daughter, Elizabeth, and to their daughter, Meliora, forty shillings a-pieee : and to the rest of my said niece's children, twenty shillings a-pieee. Item, I give to my sister-in-law, the relict of my brother Daniel Dee,. ten pounds, and to.. every one of her children by my said brother that shall be living at my death, one hundred pounds a-piece, they being five orphans, to wit, John Dee* Elizabeth Dee, Lawrence Dee, Thomas Dee,, and Denys Dee, to be paid the girl, if she live, at one and "twenty years of age, and the boys at.fouti and twenty years of age, or at the expiring; of their apprenticeships, at the discretion of my executor ; "And I will the eWest brother* to be heir unto therest, if they happen, to die befora MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 255 Taylors', without requiring them to be of the founder's kindred or name.* On St. Barnabas's Day, 1639, three places were declared to be actually void, and one likely to be void ; in consequence of which, William Conyers, James Aston, and Arthur Bucke- ridge, were chosen absolutely, and John Osborne, conditionally ,-f- all of whom were admitted at St. John's.J In 1640, the examiners were Dr. Stiles, and Griffith rector the said ages or expiration of their apprenticeships. Item, I give unto my sister, Mrs. Sibylla Spaldinge, and to her three children, Robert, Marie, and Jane, five pounds a-piece, if they be living at my death. Item, I give unto my cousin, Hester Kempster, and her three children, which are daughters, five pounds a-piece, to be paid them at one and twenty years of age; and, if any of them die before, the survivor, or survivors, to have, or divide, the part of the other. Item, I bequeath unto Mrs. Cecilia Clifford, forty shillings, and her three children, Martin, Margaret, and Mabell, twenty shillings a-piece; and, to Mrs. Elizabeth Fotherby, my niece, forty shillings. It. — To my niece, Hamon, and my godson, Frank Ham on, forty -shillings a-piece, and, to her other children, twenty shillings a-piece; to my niece, Carike, and her children, twenty shillings a-piece; leaving my wife wherewith to enlarge these small legacies." * As candidates from Merchant-Taylors' are now required to be of the kindred, •or name, 1 have inserted that part of the bishop's will which points out his relatives, in order to assist the claims of those who are interested in this bequest. — Should my researches prove successful, I shall subjoin to this work the pedigrees of the family of Dee. ■f " 11 June, 1639. Three places void, — Paule Micklethwayte, and Mathias Stile, Drs. in Divinity, wlioe were intreated to bee examiners for the company, — nyne of the principall schollers of the said schoole pronounced severall orations. The eleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon William Coniers, James Aston, -and Arthur Buckeridge; and, whereas, it was intimated, that there was likely to bee another place shortly, unto which eleccon, the president and two senior fellowes gave their absolute and full likeing, assent, and consent. And, if there shall bee any other place void before Midsomer next, then there was elected, by the advise and consent aforesaid, John Osborne was to supply that place." — See minutes of 644 ; but being drawn very weak and low by the dropsie, was by much sUp^ plication to the parliament, remov'd for his' health sake to J Cheisey College, where he died April 17, 1645, and was, according to his will, butied in the chancel of Lambeth Church. Over whose grave was a comely monument erected, with an epitaph engraven thereon, a copy whereof may be seen in Antiq. Ox. lib. ii. p. 242. He was esteemed, by the generality, to be one of the most resolute and victorious champions of the re- form'd Protestant religion in his time, a most smart scOiirge of the Church of Rome, a compendium of the learned tongues and of all the liberal arts and sciences, he was most seriously and soundly pious and devbut, and tarn studio, quam exercitio theologus imignis, &c. as 'tis expressed in his epitaph." — Newcourt's Repei'torium, v. i. p. 570. What he published may be seen in Wood's Athena, v. ii. p. 76. * " 1 1 June, 1642. — But three places void,— Daniel Ffeatley, D r . in Divinity, and Mathias Grimth,whoe were entreated to bee examiners for the company, — the eleccon, , by scruteny and most voices, fell upon Benjamin Needier, David Hitchins, and James Thompson." — See minutes of court. f " Mercurius Belgicus: a brief chronology of the battels, sieges, conflicts, and other most remarkable passages, from the beginning of this unnatural war to the 25th of March, 1646," is added to the " Mercuritts Rusticus; or The Countries Complaint of the barbarous Outrages committed by the Sectaries of this late flourishing King- dom." Printed at London, 1685; merchant-Taylors' school. 259 of invitation, declined coming to town. In their letter of the 15th of that month,* which was signed by Bailey, Vilett, Ed- * " A letter in answer (to the customary He from the .compy) from St. John's. , " Right worshipful], " Our respects most heartily premised, Your letters, dated the first of May, wee received the 13th of the same; i'mediately uppon the receipt of them, our pre- sident called the seniors together, and openly read the contents. In answere where- unto, it is our ioynt desire that you should understand '.hat wee beare in myndthe approach of St. Barnabas day, and are somewhat greived that wee doe not finde other circumstances concurring with our wonted readinesse to meet you at your schoole in St. 'Lawrence Pountneyes, and there, according to our statuts, ioyne with you in the eleceon of one fellowe, who might supply the place in out fellowshipp how voyd by the' death of Mr. Greene. " In reference to the comon troubles and distraccons of the tymes, our fellowes are somewhat more daunted then that they dare willingly adventure the hazard of passing and repassing to your schoole and backe againe to us. And what other place you please to nominate (as in case of comon danger, is permitted by our statuts) where wee may both conveniently and safely meete is not very apparent to us. ", If it bee not soe ordred by our wisdomes that wee may securely meete togeather, you may please to consider with us what course, in a seacond manner, may bee resolved Upon as next complying withthe direccohs of our statuts*' - w " The statute de elec. scholar, (the parte whereof, concerning this businesse, wee have transcribed for your view,) seemeth to intimate unto us the posible inlerveninge of such circumstances as may hinder our meetihge, and in such a case (for the pre- servacon of both our rights in electing of schdllars,) provided that after you have chosen at the schoole, wee againe should re-elect here, and in case the party nominated by you were in our judgement unfitt, proceed to the eleceon of another. " Wee are not willinge to conceale that our desires lead us to the maintainance of that lawdable custome of meeting at your schoole, where wee have been formerly pre-- sented with variety of choice, but in case wee bee prevented herein, and shall not in our accustomed manner ioyne in the elleccon, wee desire you would consider wether it will not bee most agreeable, to our statuts and the pfeservaconof both our rights' in eteccon, That you send downe two at the least for this one place, and leave us to take either of tbem into our colleadge, or if, in tendernesse of the ancient custome (which wee are willing not in the least degree to vyolate) you resolve not ; herein, wee desire to know whether you would not please to ioyne with us by searchinge the statuts for a fuller informacon, whether you might deferr the eleceon of a schollar into this voyd place, untill such tyme as it may please God, in his singular mercy* (which wee dayfy implore,) to appease the comocons of the tyme, and suffer us, to our mutual! content, L 1 2 %60 THE HISTORY OF wards, Cuffe, Inkersell, Bankes, Crowtber, Croocher, Gisbye, and Wyld, they pathetically lamented "the comon troubles and dis- traccons of the tymes," which not only rendered it too hazardous for them to come to the school, but even put it out of their power to mention any other place, where they might meet in safety. Under these circumstances, they proposed that the company should choose at the school, and they re-elect at St. John's, re- serving to themselves a power of rejecting in case of \ unfitness, as the nearest approach they could make to an exact compliance with the statutes, and an expedient for saving the rights of both parties— or that the company should send down two boys, of whom the college should choose one— or that the election should be altogether deferred till the present commotions had subsided. To these proposals the company returned an answer on the 30th of May,* to which they desired a reply might be sent by the >i ■ . : ■ ■ ■ to meete at the wonted tyme and place,, and proceed unanimously, as in former ,tymes wee have done, for such eleccon. " Thus comitting you to the proteccon, of Almighty God, wee rest your loving ffreinds, " Richard Baylie, PsicTt ; Nich. Vilett ; John Edwards; Robert Cuffe; Richard Inkersell; Hen. Bankes; Jos. Crowther ; Nat. " St. John's, Oxon, Croocher; Geo. Gisbye ; Geo. Wyld. May 15th, 1643.", * " Right worshipful,. "Our comendacons remembred, &c. Yours of the fifteenth of this instant May wee receaved, togeather with a coppie of. a branch ,of a Statute de elecow Scholar. Uppon consideracon whereof, and comparing the other statuts of the founder .therewith, wee cannott admitt of that construccon thereof as you seeme to inferre, in regard wee conceive that your founder hath positively appointed the nominacon and eleccon of such scholars from our sclioole to places voyd in the m~r and wardens, with the consent of the assistants of our companie, togeathex with the, assents of your president, or yicepresident, and two senior fellowes. " Wee comiserate togeather iwith jou the comon troubles and distraccons of the tyme, and the danger of, our ioynt and publique assemblimge at bur schoole, or any other place agreeable to your founders meaninge in such case, wee not being liable to give yog, or such as you shall thinke.fitt, acCordinge to (he accustomed manner, to MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 26l bearer. But, as the company. were very tenacious of their rights, and declared their resolution of holding an election at the school, hinting that it would be peremptory on the college to receive the person so chosen, the president and fellows showed themselves no less punctilious in their reply of the 2d of June,* which was send for that purpose, such assurance of safe and secure meetinge for the eleccon at this tyme as you may expect. " And, concerning your intimacon to Us of searchinge the statuts for a fuller infor- macon, whether the deferringe of the eleccon of a scholar into that one place, which you signifie unto us to bee nowe voyd, untill such tyaie as it may please God to ap- pease the comocons of the tyme, and suffer you to meete at the wonted tyme and place, thereunto wee desire you to be certified, that wee are soe well satisfied therein, that wee shalbee. ready at the accustomed tyme and place, on St. Barnabas day next, to meete and give a furtherance, as much as in us lyeth, for the eleccon of a scholar to supply the place voyd, in performance of the appoyntment of Sir Thomas White, .your founder deceased. Thus desiringe your speedy answere by this bearer, whome wee have sent of purpose, wee comendyou to the proteccon of the Almighty, and rest your loveing ffreinds, " Merchant-tailors' Hall, Nathaniel Owen, M~r. &c. London, 30th of May, 1643." * " Right worshipfull, *' Wee have received, June 1, your letters of the 3©th of May, in answere to ours receaved by you the 15th of the same, wherein wee perceive your extraordinary desires to mainteine the trust reposed in you by our founder, an affeccon very worthy your companie, and soe much the more willingly acknowledge in presente by us, for that wee take ourselves thereby encouraged to conclude that it cannot bee noe way offensive unto you, that wee use all Jawfull meanes to preserve the rtigl entrusted uppon us since you conceive yourselves justified in the maintenance of y T owne. " That our ffouuder hath possitively graunted the irbminacon and eleccon of" sen oi- lers to the ra~r and wardens of your companie, with the assent of the assistants, togeather with the assent and consent of the president, or vice-president, and two senior fellowes then at your schoole, and sent by the choyce of the president and maior parte of seniors to that purpose unto your sohoole, is more evident in the Jetter of statute then any one of comon brow or understanding should deny. Wee freety and unasked graunt this -to bee as your letter suggesteth, positively appointed by our statute. « Onely wee shall herewithall presume soe much uppon your favor as to signifie with this our acknowledgment, that wee take the statute De Qualitate et Circumstttntik 26*2 THE HISTORY OP signed by the president and the same fellows as the former letter was, only with the addition of Webb* and Creed-f- in the stead of elige7id. in Scholar, triennio probandos, directed meerely to our president and seniors, to bee noe lesse positive then that other wherein wee find you to be ioyned with them in the eleccon ; and further desire you seriously to consider whether it bee not of waight and moment on our partes, that our flounder, in the statute prescribinge a ftbrm of eleccon made unto us here att Oxon, uppon the Munday after Midsomer day, (soe many daies after that made on St. Barnabas day,) doth impose the same uppon our seniors by corpbrall Oath solemnly taken before the president in our chappell. " Our selves haveirig weighed this and diverse other circumstances, (amounge the which that swayed not the least with us, that wee were willing, if possibly it might bee to continue inviolable the course used for many yea res by our predecessors, in electinge first with you at your schoole,) wee did, by our letters, intimate unto you bur inclina'con 1 to ; ioyne with you in the search after some course, which might have respited this eleccon vintill some opportunity might have brought us togeatber after our accustomed manner.. And wee will not yett give of the hope of your condescend- inge unto that mocon which againe wee doe hereby soe much the rather re-inforce, ffor that wee see not howe wee can answer the trust and fight which our ffounder hath soe solemnly fastned uppon us ; if by anie choice made without us att your schoole or some other place where wee might -ioyntly meet, you shall necessitate us to receive that one and onely one in whose choise wee neither representatively had any parte with you, nor in such case shalbee formerly permitted to exercise at our col- Icadge. Thus comittinge you to the proteccon of Almighty God, wee rest your lovinge ffreinds, " Rich. Baylie, Psd"t ; John Edwards ; Rob. Cuffe ; Rich. Inker- sell; Jos. Crowther; Nath. Crowcher ; George Gisby ; Ffran. Webb; Hen. Bancks; Geo. Wyld ; Will Creede. " St. John Bapt. Coll, Oxon, Jun. 2, 1643." " De qualitate et circumstantiis eligendor. in scholar, triennio probandos. Hactenus de eleccone interna domi facienda. Cteterum de iis, qui aliunde, de certis scholis, inferiiis a nobis expressis, perpetua successione, mittendi sunt, approbacionem solam ad presidentem vel eo absente vice presidentem ac alios decern socios maxime seniores spectare volumus. Ita ut siquis earum omnium, aut majoris partis eorundem judicio, minus aptus et idoneus alicunde mitta fur, penes eos sit renuendi repellendique potestas, ei ipsis deinceps liberum sit ad camfor- mam quam prascripsimus elecconem inire atque in eo casu dejicientis ciguscunque inferiiis noi~ata schola privilegio gaudere. Qui vero in hoc casu sic electus fuerit, is pro dejicientis cujuscunquc schola alumno habetor, tantisper locum ejus occupaturus, dum iu collegio permanserjt." * " Francistus Webb, ejectis preside legitimo et consociis se prorsus accammadavit tern- MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 2&S Vilett. However, when the day of election arrived, the com- pany, hearing that there were two vacancies and a prospect of a third, and understanding that the principal scholars would be superannuated unless elected that year, chose Thomas Winnard and William Bell absolutely, and William Lea conditionally, not- withstanding the absence of the president and fellows. In adopt- ing this course of proceeding, they were much encouraged, not only by the advice of Dr. James Marshy and £)r. Styles, the ex- aminers ; but, also, by the recollection that seven years before, during the plague, the election by the company alone was acceded to by the members of St. John's. A notification to which effect- was sent down to Oxford, together with the indentures, to be ex- ecuted by the president and fellows, to whom the company pro- mised that the sum of ten pounds should be remitted as usual.§ poribus, et creatus est Cheynelli vice-prases. — Fundat. Consang. ut suspicor, quoniam inter socios vestis liberate, pariicipem invenio." — MS. account. f Regias Professor of Divinity in the place of Dr. Robt. Sanderson^July 12, l66l. He died July 19, 1663.— Vide Wood's Athente Oxon^\ in North Wales, sometime an Oxford scholar, wrote the preface to Rhese's Cambro-Britannica, Cymertecave lingua institutiones et riidirnenta, %c. ad intelligent!. Biblia sacra nuper in Cambro-Britannicurn sermotiem ekganter versa. Lond. 1592, fol."— Wood's Athene, v, i, p. 355. One Humphry. 270 THE HISTORY OF good choice, but- could not have selected a better scholar or abler master than Dugard. Thomas Bunting, the chief usher at the time, does not appear to have been a candidate.;]: No sooner was Dugard elected than he provided a folio register,^ in which he first inserted the names of the scholars whom he found in the school on his admission, and afterwards added those of the boys who were entered under him, subjoining to each, among other particulars, the place of birth, the age at admission, and the parent's rank or condition in life; by the assistance of which I have been enabled to identify, among his pupils, many indivi- duals who by their private worth reflected no less honour on the seminary that trained them, than their elder brethren had done in Prichard was second usher of Merchant Taylors' from 1608 to 16 10, and chief from 1610 to 1616. But I should hardly think him the same person. •f Antony Death was admitted one of Dr. Watts's Greek scholars at Pembroke- Hall, Cambridge, 1.5th November, leiQ.*^*^''^/** 2 - % " 10 May, 1644. Whereas Mr. William Staple, late cheife schoolenTr of the companies gramer schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneys, London, hath absented him- selfe from the schoole above two moneths, and hath conveyed away his goods from the house belonging to the schoolm~r and caused the keyes thereof to be sent to the hall, this day the companie entring into consideracon of the eleccon of another able and fitt person to be schoolenTr to supply his place, proceeded to the eleccon by scrutiny upon these five names, viz. Nicholas Augar, Humfrey Prichard, Anthony Death, William Dugard, and William Wise, and the choice, by most voices, fell upon William Dugard to be cheife schoolenTr of their said schoole, in the place of the said William Staple, for one whole yeare next ensueing, and so to stand eligible yearly for his continuance therein during the companies pleasure and no longer or otherwise. And the said Mr. Dugard is to hold and enjoy the said place and imployment, to°-e- ther with the dwelling house adjoyning to the said schoole, and all stipends, quarteridge,, profitts, and comodities whatsoever, in any wise belonging to the said place and im- ployment of cheefe schoolenTr during the companies pleasure, upon condicon that he wholly and solely endeavour and imploy himselfe to the duty and performance of that place, and not to attend or follow anie other calling during his continuance of cheife schoolenTr there." — See minutes of court. § " Registrum Admissorum in Scholam Mercatorum Scissorum, An. Dom. ]644, fyc." ipreserv.ed,in.the archives of Sion College library, to which he was a benefactor. MERCHANT-TAYLORs' SCHOOL. 271 better and happier times by meritoriously rising to some of the highest stations in the liberal professions.* , Early in June, the company were engaged in nominating and appointing apposers in the room of those eminently orthodox di- vines, who had lately been accustomed to examine the probations' and the candidates for college.-f- Men of that stamp were now not within reach. And, therefore, their places were supplied by Coleman J and Cranford,§ who we're both men of learning, but * The reader may form some estimate of the accuracy of the man, and the useful- ness of his register to an historian of the school, from the following titles to the two parts above alluded to: " Discipulorum, qui, ante Archididascalatus mihi traditam provinciam, Uteris gram- maticis in schola- libera MercatOrum-Scissorum operant navar&ht, numerum tantum, et nuda nomina recensui; eorum verd qui postea admissi sunt, non solum nomina, sed et insuper parentum tituios et vita conditionem, comitatum et locum, quo nati sunt, atatem q\am tdxerunt, tempus quo admissi sunt, et quid pro ingressu solverint, non minus Jideliter quant sedulo descripsi, et in librum non tantHm successuris in hunc locum Gymnasiarchis, sed et omni- p,osteritatis memoria relinquendum retuli. . Guiliehnus Dugard ' Schola libera Mercatorum-Sciisorum Moderatdr . Mail J0™°, 1644" ~ " Anno Domini, 1644. . '* Elenchus sive nomina discipulorum, qui admissi sunt in scholam liber am Mercatorum- - Scissorum ab eo tempore, [Maii sc. lO" 10 , 1644,] quo Guil. Dugard in Artibus Magister et Collegii Sidneiani apud Cantabrigienses alumnus schola moderationem suscepit." •f- " 5 J.une, 1644. It is ordered that our m~r and wardens for .the time- being are desired to consider of and give direccon for repaireing of the companies grammer- schoole and schoolehouse at St. Lawrence.Pountneys, London, and likewise to nomi- nate and appoint examiners for the schooles probacon and eleccon of schollers, which is to be performed on St. Barnabas day, being the nineteenth (sic in.orig.J of June instant, in the afternopne, with a banquett only as, the same was done and performed the last yeare." — See minutes of court. J. His principles were sufficiently developed about a.lwelvemontfrafter in " Hopes deferred and dashed, observed in a sermon to the honourable House of Commons, in Margaret's, Westminster, July 30, 1645, being the monethly fast. By Thomas Cole- man, preacher of the gospel at Peter's, Cornhill, London." | " Ja. Cranford,. .son of James Cranford, master of the free-school in Coventry, 272 THE HISTORY OF violent abettors of the Parliament- By their advice, on the 11th of June, the court elected Daniel Batchellor and John Speed, to fill up two scholarships, which, as they had been informed, had" been vacated by death, and chose Edward Cooke, conditionally, in case any other vacancy should happen before Midsummer; and, on the 15th of that month, they sent an account of their proceedings to the president and fellows, but, on account of the continued distractions of the times, did not conceive it requisite to send either the boys for admission or even the indentures for approbation ; for such was the state of the country between Ox- ford and London, that though the company had written several letters to the college one only had reached its destination, and the answer to that miscarried by the way.* was bora in that city, became either commoner or batteler of Balioi Coll. Oxon, in Lent Term, 1617, aged fifteen, or thereabouts; took the degrees in arts; entred into the sacred function ; became rector of Brookhall, or Brockhold, in Northamptonshire ; and at length of St. Christophers, (London,) which he obtained upon the forced re- signation of Mr. Hansley (his predecessor). He was a painful preacher as to the doc- trine he profess'd, (being a zealous Presbyterian) an exact linguist, well acquainted with the fathers, not unknown to the schoolmen, and familiar with the modern divines. He concluded his last day Ap. 27, 1657, and. was buried in the Ch. of S. Christoph." — Nemcourfs Repertorium, v. i. p. 324. * " 11 June, 1644. Memorandum, that the m~r and wardens, observing the orders of theire predecessors, did, by their severall Ties, put the president aud senior fel- lowes of the colledge of St. John Baptist in Oxon, in remembrance of the said day, desireing them to ioyne with the companie in the eleccon of schollers to sjich places as should be void, according to the accustomed manner, and accordingly were in- formed, that' the president and senior ffellowes did signifie by their Tres, (which, al- though they miscarried by the way,) yet the bearer did in forme that, by the contents it did appeare, that, two places were void by death. Whereupon the companie, ac- cording to the accustomed manner (as much as in them lay) with the assents of this assistants and learned men, viz. Mr. Thomas Coleman and Mr. James Cranford, two learned divines, whome they entreated to be examiners for them on the same day at the said schoolehouse, upon whose comeing seaven of the principall schollers of the said schoole appointed thereunto pronounced severall orations, which being ended there was an examinacon made of the said schollers. And the said schollers being ME HCH A XT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 273 On the 7th of May, 164.5, the company wrote a letter to the pre- sident and fellows,* in which for the first time, in compliance with examined by the said learned men, it was agreed that the companie should proceed to theeleccon upon these seaven names, viz. Daniell Batchellor, Edward .Cooke, John Speed, Richard Garford, Edward Taylor, William Brookes, Thomas Medlicolt. Soe the eleccon, by scrutiny and most voices, fell upon Daniel Batchellor and John Speed to supply the places already void. And if there shall be any other place void before Midsomer next, then they did elect, by the advise and consent aforesaid, Edward Cooke to supply that place. And the companie, by their letters, signified to the said colledge their proceedings therein. The tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our commendacons remembred, 8tc. Wee desire you, to be certified that Wee, being desirous (as much as in us lies) to performe the appointment of our late worthy brother and your good founder Sir Thomas White, did according to our accustqmed manner send severall letters to you to put you in remembrance of St. Barnabas day last, being the time appointed for the eleccon of schollers from our schoole to your colledge, one of which Ties, as wee are informed, came to your hands, and in answer thereunto you did signifie unto us by your Ties, which, (although. they never came to our hands, but miscarried by the way,; yet the bearer thereof did informe us that, by the contents thereof, you did intimate unto us of two places void by death. Whereupon wee have, with the approbacon of Mr. Thomas Coleman and Mr. James Cranford, learned divines, elected Daniell Batchellor and John Speed to supply the places void, and, if there shall be any other place void before Midsomer next, wee have likewise chosen-, by the approbacon aforesaid, Edward Cooke to supply that place, whereof wee have thought fitt to give you notice, but doe not conceive it requisite to send the indentures for your approbacon, nor the schollers for their admittances, untill these distracted times shall be better settled, which wee beseech Allmighty God to graunt. And soe we comend you to his proteccon, and rest ■" Merchant-taylors' hall, Your loving ffreinds, 15° Junii, 1644." * " A Pre sent to St. John's Colledge in Oxford,— the tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, 8cc. These are to desire you to remember St. Barnabas day, yearely appointed by your good founder and our beneficiall brother Sir Thomas White deceased, for the eleccon of schollers in thechappell of our grammar schoole in Lawrence Pountneys parish, London, and to appoint your appositors, whose presence, together with Mr.Presidents, {if it may stand with your good likeing or safety in these distracted times,) we shall be glad to enjoy, being sorry that wee have beene deprived of the benefitt thereof these two yeares last past, wee likewise entreate you n n 274 THE HISTORY OF the squeamishness of their Presbyterian teachers, they were pleased to uncanonize St. Laurence ;* but, owing to the military opera- tions in the neighbourhood of Ox ford, f under Sir Thomas Fair- fax, who had lately been made general of the parliament-forces, in the room of the Earl, of Essex, it did not reach college till noon on the 10th of June. Baylie, Crowcher, Edwards, Inkersell, Vilett, Gisbie, Creed, and Farmer,:]: in their answer, dated the 11th of June, informed the company that, if they would send down some of their " choycest schollers for learning and manners" before St. John's Day, as many of them should be admitted as circumstances allowed.^ But this letter did not arrive in town till will bee pleased to send us the number of the places now void, and how they became so, a convenient time before the eleccon day, to the end wee may by supplying thereof performeing the appointment of your founder. And if you please to come and ioyne with us in the eleccon, as you have heretofore accustomed to doe, you shall be wellcome unto us, desireing to be certified of your resojucon therein, whereby wee may provide for your entertainement accordingly. And soe comend you to the pro- teccon of the Allmighty, who prosper your studies to his glory, and remaine " Merchant-tailors' hall, Your loving ffreinds^ London, 7° Maii, 1645. * " In the mayoralty of Alderman Pennington, the saints were thrown out of doors, and the parishes unsainted. For, in the year 1642,, the title of saint in the weekly bills of mortality, in London, was commanded, by the authority then prevailing, to be ex- punged for the future ; the blessed Virgin Mary and the holy Apostles, whom no Christian dare deny to be holy saints in' Heaven, being for company unhallowed and unsainted also. This divorcing of the parishes from their saints in. the said bills con- tinued until the year 1660; when, at the restoration of King Charles II. they were again restored ; and so it bath continued hitherto." — Stow's Survey, b. v. p. 7^ T " The chiefest matter observable is the 15 days siege of Oxon by Sir Thom. Fair- fax, beginning May 23, and ending June 5."~Wood's History and Antiquitie&jaf Oxford, vol. ii. p. 475. $ Eiisha Farmer, educated at Bristol, elected scholar of St. John's 1633. MS. account. % " Right worshipfull, " Your Tres of the yiith daie of May, which put us in minde of the xith of June, and your desire first to have our concurrence with you at your schoole in St. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 275 after election-day. Meanwhile, by the advice of Coleman and Packingham, the examiners, five boys were chosen scholars of St. John's, on condition that they continued at school till they could be settled at the university : their names were Richard GarfOrd, Edward Taylor, Thomas Medlicott, John Broadgate, and John Robinson.* But it does not appear that any of them were re- ceived into the college at that time.-f* Lawrence Poultnis, then to informe you what places were void and how they were soe voided, we reed not till the xth of June about noone. " Upon this tardines wee must discharge our selves in present, for that wee doe not returnc you that answer which yourselves might expect, or we would willingly im- part. " How wee, or our aunswer, should (as the case stands) come to you before the apposeing of your schoole, we see not, and since wee are prevented therein, wee ap- : prehend not how any further answere should be usefull (for this present yeare) unto your company. Notwithstanding, upon the presumpcon which wee have, that your care is continued for the upholding the honor of your schoole, and the furnishing our colledge with such schollers as might be serviceable (according to the intendr ment of our fFounder) to God, his church, and the king, wee are ready to lett you understand, that if you please to send unto us, before St. John Baptist Daie, some of your choycest schollers for learning and manners, wee will make a serious enquiry after such places as allready are or must necessarily be voided, and then, with due reference to our statutes and pressing necessities, make choice of and admitt re- spectively such of those schollers sent by you as shall answer the premisses. Soe leaveing you to the gratious direccon and proteccon of Allmighty God, wee rest your loving ffreinds, Nic. Vilett. Richard Bailey, President. Oxon, ll Jun. Geo. Gisby. Nath. Citowcher, VicepresidTL ]r345. Will'm Creed. John Edwards. Edw. Ffarmer. Rich. Inkersell. " To the Right Worshipfull our very loving ffreinds the M~r, Wardens, and Assistants, of the Comp ie of Merchant-Tailors, at their Hall, in London, these." * " 1 1 June, 1645. Memorandum, that the master and wardens, observing the orders of their predecessors, did, by their several! Ties, put the president and senior, ffellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon in- remembrance of the said daie, desireino- them to loyne with the company in the eleccon of schollars to such places as should be void, according to the accustomed manner. Of which said Tres, in re- sr n 2 2^ THE HISTORY OF On the 15th of July, Dugard recommended the establishment of a fourth probation, to which the company acceding, it was fixed for the fifteenth of June in every year;:]: and, on the 25th of November, the day when the Elector Palatine was admitted to the freedom of the company, he officiated as their chap- lain.!} gard of the great clistraccon of the time and the presente blocking up of Oxford, they rece~d no answere untill after the elleccon day : Howsoever, the company, ac- cording to the accustomed manner, (as much as in them lay,) with the assents of their assistants and learned men, viz. Mr. Thomas Coleman and Mr. John Packingham, two learned divines, whome they entreated to be examiners for them on the same day at the said schoole, did performe an, eleccon. Upon whose comeing, eight of the principall schollers of the said schoole appointed thereunto made severall oracons, which being ended there was an examinacon made of the said schollers. And the said schollers being examined by the said learned men, it was agreed that the com- panie should proceed to the eleccon upon these eight names, viz. Richard Garford, Edward Tailor, Thomas Medlicott, John Broadgate, John Robinson, Thomas Warner, Richard Worrall, and Nathaniel Snow. Soe the eleccon, by scrutiny and most voices, fell upon Richard Garford, Edward Taylor, Thomas Medlicott, John Broadgate, and John Robinson, to supply the places void, upon condicon that they continew in the said schoole till they goe and be settled in the university." •f " Nulla scholarium electio."—MS. account. J " Upon the mocon of Mr. Dugard, cheife schoolem~r of the companies gram- mar schoole at Lawrence Pounctneys, it is ordered, that there shall be another private probacon of the schollers at that schoole, besides those three which are already settled by the orders of the schoole, which shall be performed the {fifteenth day of June yearely." — See minutes of court. || " And the company resorted into the hall, where, according to theauncient custome, the names of the livery were called, and notice taken of such as were absent, and then in a reverent manner prayer was made by Mr. Dugard, cheife schoolein~r att Laurence Pounctneys, and some of the ordinances of the house were openlie read. Then preparacon was made for dinner. Whereunto were invited by our m~r, Charles Lodowicke, Prince Elector Palatine, and other noble personages, and parliament men, and likewise the aldermen of this company and their wives, the whole assistants and livery, the old masters' wives, the present wardens' wives, the preacher, schoole- m~r, and wardens substitutes, and the almesmen of the livery, as in auncient time hath beene accustomed. And be it remembred, that att dinner our m~r tooke place of the Prince Elector, and sate in the chaire, and, towards the end of dinner, the MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 277 In the following year Fairfax, resolving to resume the siege of Oxford, came out of the west with a greater force than before, and by the first of May appeared before the city. * In a short time, all communication with the university was cut off". And, therefore, on the 3d of June, the company deter* mined to keep the approaching election in the same private manner as they had lately been constrained to do.-f- Cranford and Walter examined some of the principal scholars. Out of whom Thomas Warner, Nathaniel Snow, Alexarider Davis, Sa- muel Tailor, and William Wright, were selected for the supply of the vacancies at college,;]: whither however they could not Prince Elector Palatine was pleased to accept the ffreedome of this society, and to acknowledge himselfe to be a member thereof, and was admitted thereunto ao cordingly." — See minutes of court, 25 November, 1645. * See Wood's History and Antiquities of Oxford, vol. ii. p. 478. •{■ " It is ordered, that the probacon and eleccon of schollars at the companies schoole, at Lawrence Pountneys, London, on St. Barnabas Day, the xith of June instant, shall be performed in a private manner in the afternoone of the same day, with a banquet only, as the same was done and performed the last yeare, and our master is to nominate and appoint examiners." — See minutes of court, 3 June, 1646. % " Memorandum, that the company having no incouragement this yeai'e to send any letters to Oxford, in regard of the present blocking up thereof, and in regard uppon former messages, no persons have appeared theis three or foure yeares to ioyne with this company in eleccon of schollars according to the accustomed manner, as much as in them lay, with the assent of the assistants and learned men, viz. Master Cranford and Mr. Walter, two learned divines whom they entreated to be examiners for them on the same day at the said schoole, did performe an eleccon : uppon whose coming, seaven of the prirtcipall schollars of the said schoole appointed thereunto, made severall orations, which beeing ended, there was an examinacon made of the said schollars, and the said schollars beeing examined by the said learned men, it was agreed that the company should proceed to the eleccon uppon theis seven names, viz. Thomas Warner, Nathaniel Snow, Alexander Davies, Samuel Tailor, William Wright, Samuel Bickley, and Robert Alvey. So the eleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell nppon Thomas Warner, Nathaniel Snow, Alexander 278 THE HISTORY OF i yet proceed, the city holding out with great loyalty till St. John's Day, when, according to a treaty which had been carrying on for some time previous, it was surrendered to the parlia- ment.* But no sooner was the intercourse opened between London and Oxford, than the court took into consideration the propriety of sending down to St. John's the several scholars who had been chosen at Merchant-Taylors' at the three last elections; and, on the 15th of July, they wrote to the president and fellows on the subject, trusting that the necessity of the case would be an excuse for all irregularities, and earnestly entreating that the young men might be admitted to their scholarships.^ Davies, Samuel Tailor, and William Wright, to supply the places void." — See minutes of court, 1 1 June, 1646. * See Wood's History and Antiquities of Oxford, vol. ii. p. 485. •f " 15 July, 1646. Whereas,' by the blessing of God, the citty and un,iversity of Oxon is now reduced into the hands of the parliament, the alarum of warre ceased there, and learning begining to be planted in its ancient soile, this courte tooke into their consideracon the sending of their schollers to St. John's Colledge there, which were elected from their schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneys theis 3 last yeares, and, by reason of the great distraccons of theis times, not yet admitted, and, according to the trust reposed in them by Sir Thomas White, late Knt. Alder- man, and Merchant-Tailor, deceased, doth t'hinke fitt, and so order, that Ties shall bee forthwith framed and sent to the president and senior ftellowes of the said colledge, together with the indentures of eleccon for theis 3 last yeares, desjreing their admittance of the said schollars, and confirmacon of their eleccons accord- ingly. The tenor of which Tres followeth, together with the answer thereunto, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, &c. Theis are to certifie you, that in pursuance of the trust which Sir Thomas White, late Knt. Alderman, and Merchant- Tailor, of London, deceased, your , beneficiall (Founder, and our good benefac- tor, comitted unto us in the eleccon of schollars from our schoole at St. Lawrence Pountneyes to your colledge; our company have mett in the chappell of the said schoole according to the time limitted by Sir Thomas White, and (as much as in us lay 1 ) with the advise of learned men, performed the said severall eleccons inen- coned in the three indentures which wee now send you herewith, desirein"- your accustomed approbacon and confirmacon thereof. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 279 To this, however, . there were no inconsiderable obstacles. Sir Thomas White had fixed the Monday after St. John's Day for the election at college, and the president and fellows did not feel themselves at liberty to admit on any other day. Besides which, the college was on the point of dissolution, from the im- poverished state of its funds.* But, above all, the committee " And, allthough it pleased god, through the distraccons of theis late calamitous times, you could not with safety he present to ioyne with us in such eleccons as heretofore, as you have intimated unto us, and as was our earnest desire and en- deavours ; yet, neverthelesse, wee have proceeded therein so farre as we could, con- ceiving it to bee nearer to the intencon of your ffouhder then wholly to neglect the same. The necessity of the occasion likewise requiring it to prevent the great discouragement and preiudice of so many hopefull young schollers in the indentures named in their course, so much tending to the advancement of God's glory and the good of this kingdome, which otherwise would have beene rendred both un- capable of the benefitt of our eleccon and of the admittance of them into your colledge. " Wherefore wee entreat you to make a favorable construccon of such our pro- ceedings, and to accept of the schollars which, by the indentures, appeare to bee elected by us, wee, being assured by the testimony of learned men, that they are sufficiently quallified and capable of your admittance. Daily praying to Allmighty God for his blessing uppon us all, that there may never bee the like separacon of you from us att any eleccon for time to come, and soe wee comend you to his gracious proteccon, and rest " MerchantrTailors' Hall, Your loving ffreinds. 15 Julii, 1646. " To the Right Worshipfull our loving ffreinds, Dr. Baylie, President of St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, and the Senior Ffellowes there." * The wretched state of St. John's College, at this conjuncture, affords a speci- men of what the vice-chancellor at that time, in his letters to Dr. Langbaine, says was the condition of the university at large : — " Wee now perceive (saith Dr. Fell) what a miserable condition wee are like to be in concerning our rents. Our tenants from all parts take strange advantages, and complying with country committees (some of them being in eddem navi) seek to undoe the universitie utterlie. I pray let the worthy Mr. Selden, the great hotfor of our mother the universitie, know it, and desire him to relieve' his declining undon mother. I know you have acquainted him what great debts wee have contracted in all our societies; wee have not, eithrer. 380 THE HISTORY OF for the university of Oxford had, on the 2d of that very month, inhibited the heads of houses from admitting any persons to fellowships and scholarships till the pleasure of parliament was known respecting them.* And, to this effect, an answer was written to the company on the 27th of July, by Baylie, Gisbie, Inkersell, Farmer, Creed, Croocher, Goad, Walwyn, and Miller.-f- in publick or privat, wherewithal! to supply our necessary burdens, &c." — Wood's His- tory and Antiquities of Oxford, v. ii. p. 487. * See the order in Wood's History and Antiquities of Oxford, v. ii. p. 489. t " Right worshipful], " Our respects most heartily premised. Wee cannot but professe, that with some greife and regret of minde wee set our hands unto this paper, which must testifie unto you how wee are straightned, partly by our locall statutes, partly by comands from our superiors, in such manner, that instead of the compliance so much desired us with your honoured master and his assistants, for the advancement of some towardly youthes from your sehoole into our colledge, and the incorage- ment of others which might succeed them; we are at present constrained to pre- sent unto you the reasons which withstand our proper desires in this kind, and inforce an answer which may hapily bee lesse suitable with your expectacon. " Our ffounders statutes, which precisely appoint the xith of June for your sett certaine day of meeting, doe likewise straightly bind us here in Oxon unto an eleccoo of schollars upon the Munday after Midsummer Day, though (as we thinke) with this difference, that wee are tied to that day uppon oath. So not you to the xith of June ; in which regard, if you might att any time thinke it fitt to alter your day of choice (which yet wee never knew you doe) yet doe not wee (who are under this stricter ingagement) see how wee may dispence with the time praefixed to us, and elect and admitt your schollars upon any other day than that prenamed Miro* day. " To this wee have lately received an inhibicon from the comittee of the uni- versity of Oxon, ordering that the governours of colledges admitt not any men into scholarships or places of preferment or advantage in the university, untill the pleasure of parliament bee further made knowne. So that if our locall statutes had left us free, or deferred or eleccon unto some other day not allready past, yet doth it not appeare unto us how, att this time, we might with safety have pursued your desires in electing and admitting such as you have now propounded unto us. " Hereunto wee could adde the great wants which at present presse so heavily uj>pon ourcolledge, so that we have not fox divers monthes past beene able to buy merchant-Taylors' school. 281 Some, at least, of the impediments which they urged were in* superable, for there was no election at St. John's that year.* Early in the spring of 1647> the college wrote to the com- pany, to deprecate any additions being made to their society at the ensuing election-day, urging, not only that the inhibition against admissions had not been taken off, but also that the distressed state of their finances rendered it impossible for them to maintain any more than their present number of fellows and servants, " for the procureing of whose diett" they had already been reduced to many shifts, and were now involved in much debt. This letter, which was signed by the same persons as addressed the company last year, with the substitution of Ed- wards, Ward, and Jennings, for Farmer and Creed, was read at a court on the 5th of May, when an answer was ordered to be returned expressive of the company's intention to proceed commons for the few remaining with us, otherwise then as some amoung us, upon their bonds, have taken up monies for our supply, or some charitable gentlemen lodging amoung us (understanding our wants) have freely given us such sumes as might prevent our dissolveing, and keepe us together. All which wee shall bee able to manifest unto you, when God shall bring us unto you. " But we hold it lesse fitting to prosecute a theme which must necessarily renew our one sufferings, and may happily beget a compassionate sadnes in you, who have ever held the honnour of our ffounder and the livelyhood of his ffellowes (the fruite of our nursery) most deare unto you. And doe rather betake ourselves to our hum- ble and earnest praiers, that the Almighty would so prosper you in all his wayes that you may be eminent instruments of his glory, and the patrons of them wh6 unfainedly worship this god in spirit and trueth. So rest wee, " July 27th, 1646. Your very loving ffreinds, John Goade. Edward Ffarmer. Richard Baylie, President. Wm. Walwyn. Wm. Creed. George Gisbie, Vice-Presid~t. George Miller." Nathaniel Croocher. Richard Inkersell. * " Nulla electio ut liquido constat ex anniversario dispensatorum computo, in quo Mem 50 socii et seholares usque ad festum S.Joan. Bapt. anni 1647 , perpetud conspi- ciuntur, qui istum numerum compleverant ad J est. nativ. S. J. Bapt. A. D. 1644." MS. account. o o 282 THE HISTORY OF to an election on St. Barnabas's Day, and desiring to be previously informed of the number of vacancies.* This answer was accordingly * " L~res from Oxon were this day read, the tenor whereof followeth, viz. — " Right worshipful], " Wee are put in minde by the course of the yeare of the Ties you were wont to send unto our colledge, concerning the addresseing first of a notice unto you of the places voided in our colledge, then of our president and two electioners comeing unto London for a new supply. " There could not any thing have beene more welcome to us, then an assurance that wee might have expected your l~res in the ordinary course, and have given you upon them a free testimony of our abilities to meete you at your schoole in St. Lawrence Poultines, and to have ioyned with you in the probacon of such as might have beene presented unto our colledge. " But (although wee were in some good hope that it might have beene much better) it is not yett cleared unto us, how either you should to the purpose (so mutually desired) dispatch Ties unto us for the inviting us unto your schoole, or wee upon such invitacon come up unto you. " In regard first, that there lyeth an absolute interdiccon upon us, inioyning not to make the admission of any new members into our house. " And, secondly, for that we are, upon the consequents of such misfortunes which have attended these unhappy distraccons, utterly disabled, in our presente condicon, to provide for the necessary sustentacon of that number which our ffounder hath pre- scribed unto us. " Some proofe whereof we are ready by these to exhibite unto you; and if you shall intimate your desire of any more full or satisfactory intimacon, wee are most ready to make unto any one or more of your companie whome you shall appoint, the same more amply and att large apparent. " In the interim, please you to take this relacon which we undertake to be true, and trust, that in your love and care to our founder (your most worthy brother) and to us, the members of his colledge, you will thereby be induced to take into con- sideracon how to releeve us, not any waies use the same to preiudice; and thus it is. " Our ffounder endowed a. colledge for one president, flfifty fellowes, one chaplaine, one steward of his lands, nine servants; the rents for maintenance are per annum, plus minus CCCO' . The statute of provision made by Queene Elizabeth, -hath doubled this in ordinary yeares. This is the sett allowance for our maintenance, from whence you easily guesse how lesse exceeding the maintenance is which can be afforded to the best amongst us, and to the rest in proporcon. " This sett maintenance hath suffered large abatement in these foure last past MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 283 sent on the 12th,* and was followed by a letter from the college to yeares. Instead of ,£400 due from Kirtlington these foure yeares and upwards, wee were constrained upon full proofe made unto us, that almost the whole sume was dispended in contribucon and quartering of souldiers in both armies, (and that wee certainely know the rent to be at a rack), to take for the whole, O , and to ac- compt the rest as lost. " Att Moore, our tenant, who is likewise at a rack rent, doth not only forbeare to tender unto us any rent at all, but he likewise pleadeth that we are to make unto him, for his charge and losse upon the place by these wans for the two yeares ime- diately passed, an allowance of L u - ; and other answere ourselves and friends (whome we have used) cannot upon their and our many fold sollicitacons obtaine. " Divers other of our leaseholders upon easy rents, as Mr. Fferrand, Mr. Yates, and other, in stead of paying their rents, suggest that the burthens which have beene charged on their lands doe farr exceed all the comodity which might thence arise, in which regard they imagine we should claime no ren}, since they reaped no benefitt at all for this space by the land, neither can we hope to gett (though upon some tolerable abatement) any arreares of rent from them without suite at law. " The citty of Coventry, upon a very considerable sume paid by our ffounder unto them were yearely to pay unto our colledge xl"- . They have deteyned this annuity for full foure yeares past, in sum total 160 1 '- and now we have come to demaund it, they doe not onhy denie the same, but pretend they have (according to an ordinance of parliament) disbursed the same and thereupon not only refuse to pay the same unto our colledge, but further contend that we ought to make no claime there- of, but rather to seale unto them a full discharge and acquittance for those arreares. " Our tenants being all about Oxou, and within the compasse of tenn miles or thereabouts, have beene so burthened with contribucon to each armie and quarterjngs, that though many of them make hard shift to pay theire yearely rent, yett the re r presentacon of their so many and great losses, which we know to be very true, leaveth such impression upon us, that wee can neither according to charity or justice; presume they should, as occasion serveth, fine for the renewing of their liveings as in former times they have done. " Our woods closse to Oxon, which served to discharge the expence for rTewell. in the kitchen and hall, yeilding unto us ordinarily by the yeare betwixt 50 1 '- or ^Q' 1 - have not only beene as a dead stock unto us for the time of this wretched discord, but likewise have beene so spoiled by the souldiers on both parts, the woods lying between the two garrisons of Oxon and Abington, that we cannot expect for many yeares that they should be alike helpfull unto us. " Our number of ffellowes resideing ordinarily with us dureing those warrs hath beene constantly 30 ly or 40')' sometimes more. Our servants have beene constantly o o 2 .284 THE HISTORY OF the company, on the 17th, *j- and another from the company with us in their full number. Some of our ffellowes, which were of our fifty, were cleerely gone, but not many. The rest, more or lesse, were comeing up and downe, and so in diet with us as they came ; for the procureing of whose diett, it is very well knowne that our officers were forced to engage themselves for the loane of moneys to buy meate, and the colleadge to give bond to the brewers for beere, and the officers with the colledge to undertake to ouii bakers for bread. " In all which regards, though we find by sad experience that wee were driven to very hard shifts that we might keepe our company together, and, in like manner, are now made sensible, that in present we are not able to discharge the debts which we have (without any ill husbandry of our owne, but that we saw our rents disposed by other hands) contracted and scarcely in hope to discharge them, and keepe the number of ffellowes which we have, utterly in very deed unable to provide for the full number compleated to ffifty; yett are we encouraged by recounting that tender- nes of affeccon wherewith your honoured company have ever prosecuted this colledge, to confide that you will take charitable notice of the pressure and extremities which wee have iustly presented unto you, and be pleased to devise and impart as it shall seeme best unto you, some ready way how to free our colledge from debt, mainteine the present number which we have, or others, if you resolve to nominate them to us, and doe not rather hold it fitting to suspend the nominacon for some certaine space untill our colledge shalbe hable to mainteine them, as they have ever beene willing to receive them when they were able. " More wee could easily add to the larger bill of our iust complaints, if it could be thought any whitt gratefull either to your court of assistants or ourselves, to be exercised in the rehersall of greivances. Wee cannot take pleasure in our sufferings. And wee conceive you, haveing heard how pressing our calamities are, wilbe prompted by your charities rather to lend our reliefe your open hands, then the exageracon of our greifes any longer eare. To your charitable thoughts we comend our presente condicon, and both you and ourselves to the most gratious providence of Almighty God, and so rest, your very observant and loveing friends, Richard Bayly, President. " To the Right Worshipfull George Gisby, Vicepresident. the M~r, Wardens, and Assistants, John Edwards. of the Company of Merchanttailors." Richard Inkersell. Nathaniel Crowcher. John Goad. William Walwyn. Thomas Warde. George Miller. John Jennings. merchant-Taylors' school. 285 to the college on the 28th of that month .J But the president " Whereupon it is ordered that answere shalbe returned that the company pur- pose to make the eleccon, according as they have accustomed and are inioyned by the ffounder, and to desire the president and ffellowes to send the number of the places void." — See minutes of court, 5 May, 1647. * " A l~fe to the president and senior ffellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon in answere to theirs, — the tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, &c. Your l"res which lately came to our hands wee have received. The same haveingr beetle likewise read at our court of as- sistants, whereby wee are (amongst other things at large contained) advertized of the interdiceon which lyeth upon you, enjoyning not to make the admission of any new members into your colledge, together with an intimacon of your dissability of meeting us at our schoole att the time appointed by your worthy ffounder, for eleccon of scho- lars, the performance whereof wee doe much desire, according to the iniunccon laid: upon both you and us by Sir Thomas White, if it may be agreeable with the de- maunds of authority. " Wee are heartyly sorry to heare you recount trie sadd story of your losses and wants signified by your l~res ; the rather knowing that it lyes not in our power to rec- tifie or helpe the same. However wee conceive ourselves bound (as much as in us is) to performe the appointment of your ffounder, and soe resolve to meete at our schoole on St. Barnabas day next, to make the eleccon of such scholars as,' by the advise and iudgment of learned men, whome we shall call for that purpose, shalbe found capeable- thereof, desireing that you wilbe pleased to certifie us before that time" the number of the places which are void, to the end they may be supplyed, that a worke, soe much concerning the benefitt both of this church and comonwealth, may not be pre- iudiced through our defaulte. And so comending you to the providence and pro- teccon of the almighty and mercifull God, wee rest y r loveing frein.de. " Merchant-tailors' Hall, George Mellish, M~r. this J 2th of May, 1647. Richard Perv, "\ " To the right worshipfull the president Anthony Dieper, f „ r , „. > Wardens* and senior ffellowes of St. John Nicholas Jerrard, 1 Baptist Colledge in Oxon. Ozias Churchman, J f " L~res from Oxon, in answer to the companyes last, were this day read, — the tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Your Ties came to us on Satterday night late, betwixt eight an Wardens, and Assistants,, William Walwyn. of the Comp^f Merchant Tai*- George Mlller. lots," .: Thomas Warde. John Jennings*. f " Gentlemen,. " I shall be ready to performe any service to your company, I heare of an eleccon to be made at London j of which, L conceive you were obliged to giv* me 29^; TH^ HISTORY OF 111 ' <* Whereupon the company^ according to^Jheir acchstorhed manner, mett in the chappell of their gramar schoole ltedg-e, that then they shalbeaptf ' prehended, and brought before this comittee to answer the same the next sitting. "To Thomas Lindsey, messenger." " Francis Rous." Q q 298 THE HISTORY OF new president, with Mr. Wells and Mr. Needier, did performe the service. The company, therefore, according to the accustomed manner (as much as in them lay) with the assent of their assistants and learned men aforesaid, proceeded on in the busines, and imediately repaired into the schoole, upon whose coming seaven of the principall scholars of the schoole appointed thereunto, pronounced severall oracons, which being ended, Mr. Needier, one of the said ffellowes, made a speech. And then the company re- sorted into the chapftell againe, where there was an examinacon made of the scholars, and a theame given them to make exercises upon, and then preparacon was made for dinner, provided by Mr. Codrington and Mr. Rawson, stewards appointed thereunto, for the entertainement of the master, wardens, and assistants, of this com- pany, and president and ffellowes of the said colledge and learned men aforesaid. After dinner, the said scholars delivering up their exercises made up the said theame, it was agreed that there should bee ffive or six scholars chosen from the schoole to the col- ledge the next day, being St. Barnabas Day, but the no~iacon and eleccon was deferred till then. Att which time in the after- noone of the same day; after sermon, most of the assistants, toge- ther with the president, ffellowes, and learned men aforesaid, againe mett in the chappell, and then the company, by advise and consent of the said president and fellowes, proceeded to the eleccon upon divers names. Soe the eleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon Samuel Christopher, Thomas Jerrard, and Daniell Nicolls, to supply the places void, and if there shalbe any other places void before Midsomer next, the company, by the advise and consent aforesaid, elected Thomas Wyatt, John Baker, and Joseph Barker, to supply those places. And then there was paid tenne pounds to the said president and two ffellowes, by way ©f goodwill from the company towards their riding charges."* * See minutes of court. merchant-Taylors' school. 299 A few days afterwards, some of the fellows who had been ex- pelled the college by the visitors, and who now found themselves thrown upon the world with little more than the testimony of a clear conscience to subsist upon, applied to the court for the arrears of Ffysshe's batlings, which had not been paid to them for some years. Nor were they the only individuals who called for justice. The vice-president and senior fellows, who had lately come up to the election, though they had been prevented from interfering in it, prayed to be reimbursed their travelling charges. To the former, one^year's arrears were ordered to be paid ; and to the latter, the sum of five pounds to be given " as of the com- panies free guift."* But while these worthy men were obliged to petition for their own, Cheynell and his party were preparing to feast themselves " upon the spoils of others/' ' On St. John's Day, the governor of the garrison, and principal friends of the parliament, were enter- tained at the gaudy ; and Baylie's lodgings resounded with the mirth of the intruders. -j- * " This day, Mr. Wallwyn and other fellowes of St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, came to this court on behalfe of themselves and others who have enjoyed Mr. Fish his battleings, praying that the arreares thereof for many yeares past due to them, may be paid, and further, that this court would consider the paines and charge of the vicepresident and two senior ffellowes of the said colledge, who came up from thence to London to the eleccon of scholars upon the companies Tres. Whereupon this court taking into consideracon of divers ordinances of parliament, which did prohibite the company from any payments to scholars in the university of Oxon, for divers yeares past, yett, forasmuch as there have beene no late restraint, and for that the sa,id university hath beene free for a yeare past and upwards, therefore, this court doth order, that the said battlings for this last yeare, ending now at Midsomer, shalbe paid to such as the wardens shall think filt, and that there be given to Mr. Crowcher, the vicepresident, Mr. Goad, and Mr. Wallwyn, the two senior ffellowes, who came up lately from the colledge to the scholars eleccon here, the sume of ffive pounds, as of the companies free guift. Our master to pay the same, and this order to be his dis- charge." — See minutes of court, 23 June, 1648. •j- " June 24, St. John Bapt. Day, a great and solemn time commonly at St. John's, Q q 2 30Q THE HISTORY OF This, however, was a charge which the state of the college could ill bear, and, therefore, on the 3d of July, Cheynell took an opportunity of informing the company of the desperate con- dition in which the affairs of the society were. Passing over in silence the pillage of which he had himself been guilty, he enlarged on the tenants' refusal to pay their rents and on the opposition he met with from the bursar. In short, he represented the college on the point of dissolution, unless the company could prevail on the committee of lords and commons to apply a remedy to the evils with which tbey struggled.* when the society used to have a sermon, sacrament, and gaudies. Mr. Cheynell, the new president, though he was not for sermon or sacrament, yet he was for the gaudies, had a dinner at the college charges, invited the governor, visitors, and divers of the T^ll-affected of the garrison, eating up the bread of other people in another man's fcdgin,gs. Beheld as datmn'd and devilish by the royal party, but honest and good by the well-affected, who now made it their endeavour to live upon the spoils of others, 8cc." — Wood's History and Antiquities of Oxford, v. ii. p. 591. * " Gentlemen, " I have prevailed with the visitors to elect and admitt Wyatt, as well as the other three who were nominated to void places, but they will have no benefitt of their eleccon or their admission, unlesse there be some course taken with the tenants, and »uch as have imbeazilled the goods, monies, evidences, and scale of the colledge. The bursar refuses to pay any debts for beare, bread, meat, which was spent before I tooke possession of the eoWedge, though he hath colledge money in his hands, nor will he part with any money 'for maintenance of the colledge. Beside, he hath forbidden th« tenants to pay any money to me, though I am authorized by the authority of both, foewsee of parliament to receive all. When I was in London waiting upon you, he discharged such as were wont to bring in provision for the colledge, and the colledge had broken up if I had not taken order for its maintenance upon my owne creditt. This is tire dearth weefee that is runing on. Unlesse there be some speedy course taken, th« colledge will dissolve ; for I am not able to mainteine upon my purse ot ©redit*. I have imprisoned the bursar, but cannot prevaile with him to pay any deJbts for what is past, ot to make any provision for the future. Bee pleased to repjeseot tjsis oar sad oondlcon, to the comittee of lords and comons for the reformacon of 0»w>. Mr. Haas will procure a co.mittee and audience. I have faithfully discovered om ■ Woken estate, that 1 might declare myself to be the college freind, and " J alii 3°, 1648." " Your humble servant, Fran. Cheynell." MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. SOI On the 13th of that month, the court took Cheynell's letter into consideration, and ordered their clerk . to communicate with the chairman of the committee on the subject,* which he did; and, in consequence of what passed between them, the court wrote to Cheynell, on the 18th, pointing out the course he was to pursue to obtain a redress of his grievances.-f- In 1649, a year rendered infamous to all generations by the execrable murder of the king, a letter was written to the college about a month before election-day ,J to which, on the 23d of May, * " 13 July, 1648. A l~re from Mr. Cheynell, the president of St, John's Colledge, in Oxon, complaining that he could not keepe the colledge together, unlesse some course were taken for his receipt of the rents which were denied him, was thi9 day read. Whereupon it is ordered, that the clerke of this company shall attend Mr. Rous, the chaireman of the said coinittee of the said university, and acquaint him with the complaint of Mr. Cheynell, to the end some course may be taken for the redresse thereof." + " A Tre to Mr. Ffrancis Cheynell, president of St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, the tenor whereof followeth, viz. " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, &c. Wee have received your l~res of the third instant, whereby you certifie us of your admittance of ffoure of our scholars lately sent to your colledge, desiring that you will take care for the admittance of the other two in discharge of your ingagement to the company. Wee have, according to your request to us, given direccons for addresses to be made to Mr. Rous, the chaireman of the Oxford comittee, on your behalfe, to presse your complaint to him for a speedy redresse thereof. Whereof an accompt hath been given to us from Mr. Rous, that it is required that you send some persons authorized to solicite it att the comittee, and likewise witnesses to prove your complaint, inasmuch as the bare testimony of a l~re from you will not be of sufficient force with them for your remedy therein. This is all that we have at this time to you, comending you to the proteceon of the AJltaaighty, and rest, " Merchant-tailors' hall, Your loving ffreinds. 18° Julii, 1648. J " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacaus remembred, &c. These are to desire you to remember St. Barnabas Day, the eleaveoth day of Jane, yearly appointed by youi good founder and our beuefieiaJl brother. Sir Thomas White, deceased, for the eleccon of srcholass in 302 THE HISTORY Of an answer Avas returned* by Webb, Lowndes, Gorges, Humbard- ston, Wells, and Brace.-j- And so shifting were the members of the chappell of our gramar schoole, in St. Lawrance PounCtneys parish in London, and to appoint your appositors, whose presence, together with Mr. President's, wee shalbe glad to enioy. Wee likewise enlreate you to send us the number of the places void, and how they became so void, a convenient time before the eleccop day, to thend wee may, by supplying thereof, performe the appointment of your founder. And if you please to come and ioyne with us in the eleccon, as heretofore hath beene accustomed, you shalbe welcome to us, desiring to be certified of your resolucon therein, whereby wee may provide for your entertainement accordingly. And so we comend you to the proteccon of the Allmigbty, who prosper your studies to his glory, and remain, " Merchanttailors' hall, " Your very loving freinds. 6°'Maii, 1649." * " Right worshipfull, " Your loving Tre had been answered the last weeke, if our president had been at home. Our president and appositors intend (God willing) to be presente the time appointed, the xith of June next, for the examinacon of such youths as are eligible out of your gramar schoole into our colledge, because it is probable, that some places may become void before June, 1650, (sic in orig.) There were but three places pronounced void the last, yeare in this colledge, but our president prevailed with the visitors of the university to superadde three more of your gramar scholars, and by that meanes there were six of j'our scholars sped here this last yeare. Wee did really ante- date our respects to that schoole, and performed the worke of two yeares in one. The fairest part of our colledge revenues doth arise put of impropriacons, and may easily coniecture how negligent, men are in paying ecclesiastical dues, now tithes are generally decried by such as take more care to save their purses then their soules. The presente state of our colledge wilbe better opened unto you arid our president meete, and what expedients can be found out for the encouragement of your young scholars shall not be neglected by, " John Baptist Coll. " Your loving ffreinds, 23°Maii, 1649." " Fran. Webb, VicepresidTt. Fran. Lowndes, Burs. sen. Mic. Wells, Burs. Robt. Gorges, Dec. Artium. Tho. Brace." Edw. Humbardston, Dec. Art. , f The four last were supposititious fellows thrust in by the visitors, to whom it seems Michael Wells had been useful as a secretary. — The summons for Dr. Potter, presi- dent of Trinity College, to appear before the visitors, 30 Oct. 1647, was subscribed " Mich. Wells, regist. comm. deputat."— See Wood's Antiquities, fyc. v. ii. p. .529. MERCHANT-TAYLOKs' SCHOOL. 303 the university at this time, that, notwithstanding the admission, as asserted, of the six boys who were chosen last year,* in addi- tion to the number appointed by the visitors, two places were de- clared vacant, into which, on the 11th of June, Nathaniel Cran- ford and Robert Saltern were elected ;f but the latter of them went abroad without making his appearance at St. John's. * The names of five only occur in the MS. Account. It is not improbable that one of the six (Barker) was deterred by the circumstances of the times from settling at the university. •f " 1 1 June, 1649. — The master and wardens, observing the orders of their pre- decessors, having a moneth before, by fres, putt the president and senior fellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon, in remembrance of the said day, desiring them to ioyne with the company in the eleccon of scholars to such places as should be void* and to certifie the number thereof ; to which l~res the company received answer of their resolucons and intencons to come and ioyne in the said eleccon and examinacon, and of a probability that some places might shortly become void, with several! other particulars therein menconed touching the state of their colledge, as by the said l~res and answers (the tenor whereof hereafter followeth) more at large appeareth. Where- upon the company, according to the accustomed manner, mett in the chappell of their said gramar schoole, upon the said day together Mr. Bedford and Mr. Cranford,- two learned divines, whome they intreated to be examiners for the company at this eleccon ; whereunto presently after came Mr. Cheynell, the president of the said col- ledge, accompanied with Mr. Wells and Mr. Neidler, two of the senior fellowes thereof, and then all i mediately repaired into the schoole. Upon whose comeing seaven of the prihcipall scholars of the said schoole appointed thereunto pronounced severall oracons, which being ended Mr. Neidler, one of the said ffellowes, made a speech, and after that they resorted into the said chappell againe, where there was an exami- nacon made of the head scholars, and a theame given them to make exercises upon, and then preparacon was made for dinner, provided by Mr. Edfsbury and Mr. Lukyn, stewards appointed thereunto, for the entertainement of the m~r, wardens, and assist- ants of this company, and president, senior ffellowes, and learned men aforesaid. After dinner the said scholars delivered up their exercises made upon the said theame. And upon consideracon thereof by the learned men, it was agreed that the company should proceed to the eleccon of two scholars for two places declared to be void. And thereupon the company, with the advise of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon upon divers names. Soe theleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon Nathaniel Cranford and Robert Saltern to supply the places void ; to which eleccon the said president and two senior ffellowes gave their full liking, consent, and appro- bacon. 304 THE HISTORY 01 Shortly after, the royal family, now in exile, prevailed upon Claudius Salmasius, a man of very uncommon abilities and eru- dition, to write a defence of the martyred monarch.* And this book, with others of a similar nature, the plain-dealing Dugard, from an eagerness to wipe off the aspersion of being a party to the king's murder, (with which the Royalists did not scruple to charge every one who had supported the parliament cause at the outset of the rebellion, though he might have abandoned it on perceiving the hideous lengths they were going,)-^ boldly printed, at a press in his own house, in defiance of a triumphant faction and victorious army. Irritated hereby, the council of statej committed him to Newgate, and ordered his presses and other im- " And then there was paid x" to the president and two senior ffellowes by way, of goad will from the company towards their riding charges, and so all departed with good content and liking."— See minutes of court. * " Defensio Regia pro Carolo I. ad Serenissimum Magna Britannia Regem Carohim II. jiliurn nalu majorem, hteredem et successorem legitimum. Sumptibus RegHs, anno 1 649." For an account of the author, see the Biographical Dictionary, vol.x. p.2£5. Art. Sai- masitjs. •f Of this description were some of the Presbyterian ministers, who, like Dugard, subscribed to the contributions, which were raised in their respective counties at the commencement of the troubles, when, by sophistically identifying the cause of the king with that of the parliament, the latter obtained the support of too many, who if they had seen the end from the beginning would not have joined them. Though they had preached up the warrantableness of opposing the government, and had con- sequently failed in their allegiance to the king, they had not intended to lay him at the mercy of the army. And when they found that they could not prevail with the junto at Westminster to abstain from trying, him* they published a paper in vindication of themselves, and abhorrence of his murder.— See "A Vindication of the Ministers of the Gospel in and about London, &c. Lond. printed in the year 1648," So clearly proved is the excellence of Solomon's advice, — " Meddle not with them that are given to change."- — Prov. xxiv. 21. When once subjects take on themselves to op- pose their sovereigns, it is impossible to say at what point they will stay their pro- ceedings, or from what outrages they will refrain. J " The parliament (that is, the commons, who assumed that nam*) made choice of thirty-nine persons to form a council of state for the administration of publick affairs under the parliament." — Rapin's History of England, v. ii. p. 574. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 305 piemen t& to be seized and disposed of; and, on the 1st of Febru- ary, wrote to the company, desiring he might be removed from his office, as a person unfit to " be entrusted with the educacon of soe much' youth/'* Bradtltiaw, who had presided at the mock trial of the king, and whose hands Were stained with his blood, signed this letter in the name and by order of the council.-f- And immediately on the receipt of it a court was purposely called for the 8th inst; to take it into consideration, when Dugard was dis- * misSed, and the 20th of the same month appointed for the choice of a successor, in Which they expressed their wish " to give all obedience 'and satisfaccon" to the direccons of the councill of state.":}: '„,, . ' . ■ '; \iir, t>ii . * " Gentlemen, . " Whereas there hath beene severall scandalous and seditious bookes printed by William Dugard, some of, .which are of a very dangerous nature against this comonwealth,; for which; wee have comitted him the said Dugard to Newgale to bee proceeded against according to law, and have appointed his presses and other imple- ments to be seized: and disposed of according as the act of parliament in that case hath provided; and for that wee conceive it not safe for the comon wealth, that a man of bislpririgi pells, manifesting continually soe great disaffeccon, should be entrusted with the educacon of soe much youth as are under his charge in that sehoole, who may have very ill principals instilled into them by him in their youth, that may mis- lead them afterwards to their owne preiudice and the preiudice of the comonwealth; wee therefore desire, you to dichairdge and remove the said William Dugard for the place, charge,' arid- office of schoolemaster of Merchant-taillors' hall, (sic in orig.j and to elect and choose into that place such a person as being otherwise fitt, may be alsoe well a$ected to this comon wealth and government established. And wee desire you to certifie us of your proceedings herein. , , ' - ;■ . . ,,"!' Signed in the name and by order of the ".-White-Hall, »; councell of state, appointed by autho- 1° Tebgi ,1649-60." , rity of parliament. Jo.hn Bradshawe, PrfsHl. t .This miscreant dying daring the usurpation, the first parliament that sat after the restoration ordered his body to betaken out of his grave, drawn on a hurdle to Tyburn, and there hung from ten a clock till sun-set, and then buried under the gallows.— See Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 622. % " There was this day produced and read unto this court a Tre lately sent and Rr 306 ' THE HISTORY OF On the day of election five candidates appeared, namely, Ni- cholas,;Augar, who usually came forward on suclv occasions,* John Stevens, Bachelor of Law, Thomas Bunting the chief usher,-f- Thomas Singleton, and Thomas Widdowes, of whom, John Stevens was preferred " to be cheife schoolemaster, J in the roome and place of Mr. William Dugard /'§ !it directed to the m~r, wardens, and assistants of this company from the Counceil of State,: concerning the removing of Mr. Dugard from the place of cheife schoblenYV of the companies schooje at Lawrence Pounctneys,, London, (touching which l~re this court, was purposely called.) Whereupon this court, after serious consideration thereof, doth discharge Mr. William Dugard from the said place of cheife schoole-masfer of the said schoole ; and it is ordered for the companies better informacon of the abilities, sufficiency, and fitt qualificacon of divers persons who are now suitors for the said place, whereof this court is not as yett fully informed, and for that this court doth desire to give all obedience and satifaccori to the direccoris of the Council! of State in theleccon of their said schooletnaster, this court doth therefore appoint a cotfirt of assistants upon Wednesday next come se'night in the af tembone for the choice of a new schoolenTr in the roome of Mr. Dugard, and in the mean time enquiry is^ to 1 be, made of the said persons who are suitors for the said place, and that two of the war- dens, together with the clerk of the company, shall attend 'the IbrtUpresident to-mor* row morning' to give him an accompt of the Companies proceedings herein.'* — See mi- nutes 6f court, & February, 1650. mj •; ac ;. -•■.• * See pages 222, 234> 269> notes. ,i i mm- •f See page 270. ■>'■ >: • - » '% " Whereas; at the last court of assistants, Mr. William' JBugardj- byivertue of a l~re from the Counceil of State, was discharged 'from being chief schoolem~r of, Mer- chant-tailors schoole, London, and this day being appointed for the choice of another able and fitt person to supply that place, this court in pursuance of that order accord- ingly proceeded to the said eleccon by scruteny upon these five names, viz. Nicholas Aiigar, John Stevens, Thomas Singleton, Thomas Bunting, and Thomas Widdowes. And the choice (upon good testament first received in his behalfe by learned' divines) by most voices fell upon Thomas (sic in orig.J Stevens, Batchellor of Law; to be cheife schoolemaster of the companies said schoole at Lawrence, in the roome and place of Mr.William Dugsird for one whole yeare next ensuing, and soe to stand eligible yearely for his continuance therein during the companies pleasure, and noe longer or other- wise; and the said Mr. Stevens is to hold and enjoy the said place and imployment, together with the dwelling adioyning to the said schoole, and all stipends, quarteridge, 1 - • •■ mi, ■ ■ r : i MERCHANT+TAYLOKS': SCHOOL. &Stf <(Thus plundered! of his, printing materials,! which hervabaedlat more than a thousand pounds, arid) deprived of all means of .sup?- porting his* famity, which t consisted off a wife and six children, this: worthy man suffered 1 "' a months imprisonment in Newgate j at the tend of which time he found means to pacify his enemies and procure his enlargement.|| if On this he returned to his house, if "i'3Jt'ii!'ifct.oi..ny«i. ;>.;'j:io *j(!j ai •.Hilt -cjihti'it' [)!."■ ")":4ii '.uiip udt «[is lawfull profitts, and commodities whatsoever belonging to the said place and imploy- me'nt of cheife schoolemast'er during the companies pleasure, upon condicon likewise that he wholly arid solely endeavour 1 add imploy himselfe to the duty and performance of that place, i and not to jattendi use, or; follow,, any other calling or imployment what- soever^ during his continuance of cheife schoolemaster there." — .See minutes of court, 20 February, 1650. „...,',,. ",' .".' .''|'|" V' 1 ' § The following is Dngard's own account of this affair taken froin the register of his scholars now remaining in Sion College ■:■ r - (ji '■"' gnr,« ,itu. y.r,, \\>.}i>. \-'\{>\.-.q vllutlv/ br-a tlh>\ y '& ..." Atque haep sunt nomina discipulorum quos ego Guilielmu.sDugafd in scholam " liberam digaissimae societatis^Mercatorum Scissorum admisi a Mail 10™°, 1644, ad u ' Febiuarii"20 mu " 1 , 1o4,Q, quo' tempore' a concilio novi-status ab archididascalatus officio " summotus, et in carcerem Novae Porta? conjectus sum; ob hanc praecipue causam, " quod Glaudii Salmasii librum (qui inscribitur J^efensio^regia pro Carolo pti/no, ad sere- *5 nissimum regem Garolum secundum, legitinnum hceredem et successorem,) typis mandan- ". dum curayeram ; typographeo insuper integro spojiatus ad valorem mille librarum, " minimum* Nihil jam reliquuni habens unde victum quaeram uxoriet sex.liberis, " quos dei misericordis et benignissimi Patris Providentiae alendos commit to', et com- " mendo. per Jesum, Christum dominum nostrum." ^-iaoo ;u . <.; bowr.o zi 1x " * ^ '^ F carcere Novae-Portae, . { ..,„, JdK ..>d giU .>; mo ; Guilielmus Dugard. quQ ( . M Martii 7!",°, Anno Domini l649." jicr . .[> '{,.„, ;iy j, it ^-. ..-jt-uj./i ~}- A i:. ;.nd j£ ,|| " He would have been severely punished, if Milton, who was his intimate friend, had not used his interest to bring him off, which hej effected by means of Bradshaw* but upon this condition, that Dugard should add Pamela's prayer to the book be.W&S printing, (an edition of the Icon Basih\ke,) as an atonement for his fault, .they deign- ing; Jhjetiejjy;., to bring. a. scandal upon th^.pqr|3r.ma,nce, and blast the reputation, of its authority. In expectation of which they used frequently, to laugh at their dexterity, in.4hus inserting among the, king's genuine pieces, a prayer out of Sir Philip Sydney's Arcadia, £ ijbe book, thus being, interpolated, .Mjlton was employed by the Council of Estate, towhomj he was J-atin secretary, ; to censure the king for the use of i this k r 2 308 iOOH THE HISTORY OF )H where r on the 22d of March, he received •' notice < from the com- pany t to " depart .with his family hence within 14 dayes, and to yeild ! up the full possession of the said house and other things pertaininge to the schoole unto Mn Stevens."* ru The, only act of justice, which t the company felt themselves at liberty to perform in his behalf during this reign of terror, was to order that, " touch- ing the quartridge and profitts due to the cheife schoolemaster of the companies schoole at Lawrance Pounctneys, for the^quarter ended at Lady-day," , as ^ the "new master had not been admitted till the 21st of, February, "two-thirds of all the profitts'^and " quatridge belonging to the cheife schoolemaster should be r al- lowed and paid unto Mr. Dugard arid the other 3d part to Mr. Stevens, and likewise ^that all other quartridge and profitts for- merly due and owing unto Mr. Dugard untill.Xmas last should be fully and wholly paid to and received by Mr. Dugard ."-f- Meanwhile' he opened a private school on St. Peter's Hill, near Doctors' Commons.! But such was his attachment to Merchant- t)l I, . j ii J M ■ /iot> ''BJi< ■''. i-vo/j n'jvysuiy >ji o ,su< ■'■'■'■■? very prayer. ' Who, (said the arch regicide,) would have imagined so little fear in him of the true all-seeing Deity — as, immediately before his death, to pop into the hands of the grave bishop that attended him, as a special relique of his saintly ex- ercises, a prayer stolen word for word from the mouth of a heathen woman praying to a heathen god ?' "— Bitoyef* Anecdotes. ■ "■' *>"?,'<*' d' ■.-*_ >i> -•: -'•■ .^'< |9 -^p " * " It is ordered by this court, that notice be given from this company unto Mr. Dugard to remove his dwelling out of the house adioyning to the companies schoole at Lawrance Pounctneys, London, and depart with his family hence within 14 dayes, and to yeild up the full possession of the said house and other things pertaininge to the schoole unto- Mr. Stevens, the present schoolemaster." — See minutes of court, 22 March, 1 f>50. 'di >>-' iovji. ' ' : "1 ■ '■*•> '»'-":>ii' ifc^Jifi .mit ,n->ii. iioo gi ja<. f See minutes of court, 8 and 17 May, l650. i;1 no ' jl 9l1 " '* >•-"''> ' '-"•) W"* '■"■-'■ '• \ Where he continued till he was re-instated at Merchant-Taylors', for in-the Regis- ter above quoted he has this, entry : ^ D33t C :i ,!,! w 'lo noiJ. r.i 7,1 " Nomina discipulorum quos ego Gulielmus Dugard' admisi; in privatam scholam " quam aperui in vico Vulgo dicto Peter's Hill in scdibus coriductitiis, ab Aprilis 15> ''■ ad Septembris 25, 1650, quo tempore a dignissima societate Mercatorum-Seissorum-, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 309 Taylors', where his son Richard was now, finishing his education, that, on the death of Bunting, who survived his late disappoint- ment not quite three months, he became a suitor " for the place of head usher,"* persuading himself, in all probability, that as he had made his peace with his persecutors, he might thereby pave the way for his restoration to the head mastership, especially as it had been insinuated that his successor was not sufficiently quali- fied for the situation which he held.-f .,<, On the 22d of May, D'Arande, who had been thrust into a fellow- ship no longer ago than the beginning of that very month,;}: was authorized by the president and fellows to inform the company that only one pjace was vacant, and that the college would scarcely be able to afford a subsistence to the young man who should be elected into it.% However, when St. Barnabas's Day " hortatu tamen concilii status, ad antiquam provinciam scholae Mercatorum-Scissorum " restttutus sum." These boys amounted to 67, of whom 28 had been scholars at Merchant-Taylors'. * See minutes of court, 17 May, 1650. f See minutes of court, 22 March, 1650. J " Paul us D'Arande inter socios 2 d * Menste, i. e.. Magistros cooptatus circa Init. Mensis Mali." — MS. account. % " Right worshipful), " According to your expectacon and our custome, we doe intend (God willing) to ioyne with you in the eleccon att our honored ffounders appointed time, the xith of June. Our president's absence hath made us something delay to signifie unto you, that we have only one place void, and wee shall- scarce be able to give a subsistance to him that shalbe elected in i-t, our colledge being in. a slender condicon, (which cannot be unknowne to you,) and your ablest tenants pleading poverty, and consequently not paying their rents. This doubting not but you will take into consideracon, contending you to the proteccon of thAUmighty, wee rest your most affectionate friends to serve you, The senior ffellowes of St. John Baptist Coll. > " Maii 22° By the president and ffellowes appointment, 1650/' I subscribe in the name of all, >i Pajii. D'Aranue,. «st 310 THE HISTORY OF arrived, after the scholars had been examined by Dr. Get),* as well as Bedford and Cranford, the ordinary examiners, on an inti- mation being given that another vacancy was likely to happen, Richard Dugard and Thomas Edwards were chosen scholars ofi St. John s.f Saltern, indeed, who lost the benefit of his election last year by not going to Oxford, had made bis appearance again as a candidate, and had been admitted as such, thongh declared un- fit by the examiners. But the company not thinking proper to elect him this second time, the committee for regulating the uni- versity ordered the college to admit him, which was done accord- ingly. And, though the company sent a deputation to remonstrate with the committee on this violation of their rights, they could not procure any redress or satisfaction.:]: * Dr. Robert Gell was of the family of Sir John Gell, a noted colonel in the par- liament army. After the restoration, he was rector of St. Mary Aldernmry, London, / and of Painpis ford^in Cam bridgeshire, and some time chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury. — See Newcourfs Repertorium, v. i. p. 436, and Wood's Athena, v.;ii. p. 282. . ■ < ■ f " 11 June, 1650. At presente only one place actually void, — Doctor GelL Mr. Bedford, and Mr. Cranford, three learned divines, \vhome they intreated to be exa- miners for the company, — seven of the principall scholars of the said schoole appointed hereunto pronounced severall oracons, — upon an intimacon this day by the said pre- sident and ffellowes, that probably one other place might shortly become void, it was agreed that the company should proceed to theleccon of two scholars for the said two places. And thereupon the company, with the advise of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon upon divers names. Soe the eleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon Richard Dugard and Thomas Edwards, to supply the places void. To -which eleccon the said president and senior ffellowes gave their full liking, consent, •and approbacon." — See minutes of court. f." This day, upon the mocon.of Dr. Cheynell, the president of St. Johns inOxon, relating that, whereas Robert Salterne, who was the last yeare elected from Merchant- tailors' schoole, butt neglected his time and studies, went beyond the seas, and lost ;the benefitt thereof and admittance into the colledge ; yett, by the especiall favor of the company, ((although iudged uncapable and unfitt, by the examiners in the last eleccon, to be admitted a scholar there,) was admitted a candidate there againe, and MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 311 On the 11th of July, the court proceeded to the choice of a head usher. But Dugard had by this time withdrawn his suit for that appointment,' encouraged as he was to aim at a higher, though at the expense of his consistency. Milton, in the insolence of his nature, seeking to complete his triumph over the fallen publisher' of Salmasius, had undertaken to intercede for him with the Coun- cil of State ;* nor was it long before the court received a letter signed by Bradshaw, their president, calling upon them to restore Dugard to his former place.-jr But as there was no ground on pult in eleccon the last eleccon day, and by most voices lost the same. Neverthelesse, the comittee of parliament for regulacon of the university of Oxon have lately or- dered that he shalbe admitted a scholar there ; this court being desirous, as much as in them is, to. maintaine the right and psiveledge belonging to the company and the colledge, in preferring and admitting of, scholars 4nto that colledge, doth order and appoint Mr. Taylor* Mr. Alport, and ;Mr. Orme, three of the wardens, and Mr. Orli- beare, with the clerkeof the company, accompanying the president, to attend the said comittee sitting at Westminster, and acquaint them with reasons why the said- Salterne cannot be admitted Without great prejudice, as well to the colledge as to the youth„ and. violacon of the right and priyeleges, belonging to the company, and col- ledge."— ?See minutes of court, 28 August, T650. * See page 307, note. + "• Gentlemen, " Wee formerly wrote unto you upon occasion of some matters- laid to the charge of Mr. Dugard, then schoolenTr of the schoole of your company, that you should chuse some other to- that imployment, which accordingly was done. Since which time the said Mr. Dugard hath given us satisfaccon, both of the due sense of his former error and of his resolucon for the future to deserve well of the comonwealth, whereof and of his speciall abilities to doe good service to the publique both as a schoolem"r and a printer, wee, having taken due consideracon, have thought fitt, in the quality of printer to the state, to employ him, and for his better encouragement and support conceive it fitt that he be restored to his former place of schoolem'V, and that you proceed, accordingly att your next eleccon, and, certifie us of your doings therein. " Signed in the- name and by order of the " White-Hall." Councell of State, appointed by authority of parliament. • • <, ■■ John Bbadshawe, Presid"t" SVi THE HISTORY OJf which they could dismiss Stevens, they took the liberty to pause before they obeyed, and to offer their reasons why they could not ;* in consequence of which, Brad shaw wrote a second letter, on the 16th of July, peremptorily directing them to re-admit their late schoolmaster within four days.f Still, however, the company hesitated till the council in a third letter, on the 11th of Septem- ber, pronounced Stevens " obnoxious to the iustice of the state in regard of the charge of delinquency against him,"J and then yield- * " This day a l~re directed to this company from the Council of State, on behalfe of Mr. Dugard, late schoolenTr of Merchant-Tailors' Schoole, was read. Whereupon, it is ordered by this court, and Mr. Alderman Avery, the wardens, and Mr. Church- man, are desired to attend the Council! of State, and give them satisfaccon, with rea- sons why the company cannott att present displace the presente schoolem~r and admitt. Mr. Dugard."— See minutes of court, 11 July, 1650. -'■ f " A second l~re from the Councell of State for the readmission of Mr. Dugard to his former place of schoolenTr, the tenor whereof followeth, viz. ,'*'>• " Gentlemen, " Wee expected an account from you, touching Mr. Dugard's restitucon to his schoole according to our late inlimacon to you on his behalfe. Wee heare you have since had a meeting, butt that you have not yett acted as you were by us directed, and what you further purpose concerning this matter is nott as yett made knowne unto us. Wee look upon the man as deserving well of learning, and in other respects fitt to be encouraged, and our iudgment is he be restored to his former course and way, from whence for some cause then appearing he hath beene by us for some time diverted. You are, therefore, to proceed herein as you were directed by our late Tre, and to give us an accompt of your doings within foure dayes after receipt hereof, that wee be not occasioned to give out further orders touching this business. • " Signed in the name and by order of the " Whitehall, Council of State, appointed by authority 16° Julii, 1650." of parlianTt. John Bradshawe, PresidTt. + " Gentlemen, " Wee have formerly written to you concerning Mr. Dugard, and having noW considered of the matter touching Mr. Stevens, wee hold him, the same Stevens, un- worthy and unfitt to continue in that place which he now possesseth of m~r of ■Merchanttailors' schoole, and obnoxious to further examinacon and the iustice of the state, -in regard of the charge of delinquency against him, in which respect, and for merchant-tailors' school. 313 ing obedience to the necessity of the case, they, on. the 25th of that month, reinvested Dugard,* who, in the course of a few the reasons in our former Ties contained, wee hold fitt that you forthwith discharg* Mr. Stevens, and reinvest Mr. Dugard in his said place which he formerly held, and thereof give us an account with all convenient speed. Wee have referred the -further examinacon of the charge of delinquency against the said Stevens, and of William Radford, his usher, one formerly in Oxford garrison, and by Stevens recomended to that place, whome wee iudge fitt also to be removed from that imploymeut, to the eomissioners for composicons and sequestracons, to thend they may be dealt with according to their demeritts and the pature of their offences. " Signed in the name and by order of the " Whitehall, Council of State, appointed by autho- 11° Sept. 1650." rity of parliament. John Bradshawe, Preside." * " This day a third l"re from the Council of State, for the reinvesting of Mr» Dugard into the place of m~r of the companies schoole, at Lawrence Pounctneysy was read unto this court, being purposely called therefore. " Whereupon this court, after long debate and serious consideracon of the reasons in the said Tie contained, and yeilding obedience thereunto, doth discharge the said Mr. John Stevens, the presente schoolerrf r of the said schoole, from that place and imployment, and he is to forbeare to officiate there after Satturday next, and this court doth restore Mr. William Dugard to the said place of cheife schoolem"r of the said schoole untill the next eleccon-day, and then he is to stand eligible as hath beene accustomed for his continuance therein during the companies pleasure, and upon such condicons as att his first admittance. And it is thought fitt, and so ordered by this court, that Mr. Stevens shall receive and enjoy the whole profitts and benefitts of the schoole for the time of his continuance therein, and likewise that he and his family may continue in the schoolehouse untill he can conveniently provide himselfe, and Mr. Dugard promised here in court to stand to the order of the company in case of dif- ference betweene them, and also further promised to observe the orders and ordinances of the schoole during his continuance as head m~r there. And, as concerning Mr. Radford, the cheife usher of the said schoole, menconed in the l~re, this court doth respite the further proceeding therein untill the next court ; and, it is ordered that Mr. Marsh, the clerke of this society, doe repaire unto the lord-president tomorrow morning, and certifie his lordshipp of the companies proceedings herein accordingly.'* See minutes of court, 25 September, 1 650. Stevens left this single memorial of himself in the Register of the School's s s 3l4 THE HISTORY OF months, paid his advocate the price of his restoration, by prosti- tuting his types in the service of the commonwealth, and printing with them the arch regicide's answer to Salmasius.* We may pity the man who, surrounded by a family, submitted to such de- grading terms; but, we must ever execrate the wretch who could find in his heart to impose them.-j- On the 11th of June, 1651, there was but one indisputable vacancy, nor would the new president, Owen, J who had been placed at the head of St. John's by the committee for the reforma- tion of the university, in the room of Gheynell, dismissed by the same authority,^ agree to the election of more than one scholar, Probation in allusion to his short continuance (seven months) at Merchant -Tay- lors'. lies Deus nostras celeri citatas Turbine versat. John Stevens, Septemb. 25, 1650. Dat veniam corvis, vexat censura columbas, Pejus merenti melior, et pejor bono. J. S. And Dugard commemorated his restoration by a distich in the same bpok: Dugardum sequitur Stephanas, Stephanumque vicissim Dugardus : Sortes versat u'trinque Deus. / * " Joannis Miltoni Angli Defensio pro Popu/o Anglicano: contra Claudii Anonimi, alias Salmasii, Defensionem regiam, Londini, typis Du Gardianis; anno dornini 1651. A copy of this edition was in the library of Richard Battersby, of St. John's College, Oxford, and afterwards in tbat of Edward Waple, of the same college, and by him be- queathed to Sion College, where it now remains bound up with the Paris edition of Salmasius's Defence, v. iv. 31. •j- For which is Milton to be the more detested, his disloyalty to his sovereign, or his cruelty to a literdry friend, in making him pay such a price for his patronage as the publishing a book contrary to his principles'? We may well suppose that , Dugard's poverty and not his will consented in thus becoming a tool to regicides. % Thankful or Gracious Owen, M.A. Fell, of Line. Coll. and sen. proct. of the uni- versity, was appointed president in September, 1650. On the restoration, of Baylie, in l66'0, he retired to London. " He died at his house in Hatton-Garden, on the first of April, an. 1681, and was buried in the fanatical burial place by Bunhill, near the grave of Dr. Thomas Goodwin." — Glitch's Colleges <5f Halls, p. 545. § " He being not thought fit by the visitors to hold the office of president, because ^ possessed of the rich rectory of Petworth in Sussex, of which , he was deprived after MERCHANT-TAYLORS'. SCHOOL. 3l5 though the company, influenced by informattah they had received of more vacancies^ thought fit to choose three, John Ewer, Wil- liam Merifield, and William Bedford;* all of whom, so elected, the court shortly after sent for admission at college, giving them at the same time a letter of introduction to the resident members there, dated the 17th of June, in which they express their hope, that, on more mature deliberation, the college consent may not be withholden.f To which communication an answer was returned ford and Mr. Cranio rd, two learned divines, whom they entreated to be examiners for the company, — seven of the principal! scholars of the schoole appointed thereunto, pronounced severall oracons, — uppon the report of the two apposers of the sufficiency of the scholars, it was agreed that the company should proceed to theleceon of three scholars to supply three void places in the colledge, which, amongst others, the com- pany were informed were vacant, although the president and fFellowes insisted upon it that there was butt one place void by the marriage of Mr. Needier. Neverthelesse (notwithstanding, the contest and gainesaying of the president and ffellowes therein) the company with the advice of the learned men proceeded to theleceon upon divers names by scruteny, and the choice by most voices fell upon John Ewer, William Merifield, arid William Bedford, to .supply the places void. To which eleccon the said president and ffellowes being requested by the company to give their consents and approbacon, according fo thaecustomed manner, they refused to subscribe the inden- tures untill they did conferr with the rest of the ffellowes of their colledge." — See minutes of court. i f " Right worshipful), " Our comendacons remembred, &c>. Wee have herewith sent you the inden- tures for the scholars last eleccon, together with the scholars by us chosen, whereunto you did not att this time give your consents, by subscribing your names as hath beene accustomed, according to the appointment of your worthy ffounder, although you did then approve of the abilities of the scholars elected, nott doubting but that upon your more mature deliberacou and' advice together, you will now subscribe the same, and returne us one part thereof, earnestly desiring that the same mutuall and loving con- cord and agreement, which wee and your predecessors have alwaies hitherto had from the ffirst ffoundiaeon of your colledge, may be continued, conceiving if the best meanes for incouragemeat of scholars atid advancement of learning in the schoole and colledge. s s 2 316 THE HISTORY OF on the 35th, signed by Owen, Fowler,* Webb, Gorges, Brace, and Levinz, expressing their acquiescence in the wishes of the com- pany on this occasion, but trusting that, for the future, more con- sideration might be shown to the inability of the society to main- tain its full number.-f' The beadle who conducted the three scho- lars to the university, and brought back the indentures, subscribed by the president and fellows, received, on the l6th of July, " xxv* 1 for his bill of charges, and moreover xxv sh for his paines/'if; And soe wee comend you to the proteccon of the AHmighty, whom wee pray may prosper your studies to his glory, and remaine, " Merchant-tailors' Hall, Your loving ffreinds. 17° Junii, 1651. John Stone, M"r.. fyc" * See p. 187, note, among the Incumbents of Creek, f " Right worshipfull, " Wee have received your Tre with the indentures which concerne your last eleccon, to which, though our ffounder's statutes doe iustifie our non-subscribing, there being butt one place undisputably void, and the colledge (as the state of things now stands) not being able well to beare more then one, yett, in regard of your aun- cient and late respects and love to this ffoundacon, wee are desirous to study all pos- sible waies of compliance with your desires for thadmission of these three, though wee must assure you, that in regard of taxes and debts, which are very great, wee must necessarily make deduccons out of all our allowances to satisfie your, desires. Sirs, it is not any humor of clashing with you, or any desire of enriching ourselves by vacan- cies, (which we much abhorre) but the upholding of the colledge, which hath made us thus zealous in the busines of the eleccon, and wee trust that you will so farr consult the being and welfare of this place, as that for the future you wilbe sparing in impor- tuning us to any thing beyond the ability of the colledge, and the intencon of our worthy founder, which favour wee must earnestly begg of you, resting " Your faithfull ffreinds and servants, " Th. Owen, Presid"t. Steven Fowler, Vice-Presid~t. - " John Bapt. Coll. Oxon> Ffrancis Webb. Junii 25°, 1651." Robt. Gorges. Tho. Brace. Wm. Levinz." % " This day, Robert Harvey, beadle of the batchellors, presented to the court a bill of xxv sh - for charges in his late journey to St. John's Colledge, in Oxon, lately MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. SIT In the following year, the president and fellows made the usual plea of inability, as appears by a letter, dated the 14th of. May,* but finding the company not disposed to admit it, they assented, on the 11th of June, to the election of Stephen Alvey, Thomas Hough, and Thomas Greatbach.*^ In 1653, the boys were examined by Cranford and Dr. Small- wood,;;; the latter of whom had succeeded Bedford in the living of St. Martins Outwich. The president and fellows affirmed that there were only two vacancies. But the company being informed there were three, Thomas Smith and Richard White were chosen absolutely, and Samuel Turner conditionally ; the friends of the last named youth undertaking to maintain him " according to the allowance of the colledge" till a vacancy happened for him.§ seal thither by the company with Tres and indentures of eleceon from the company, together with the three scholars lately elected from hence to the said colledge, one part of which indentures he brought back with him subscribed by the president and ffellowes. Whereupon this court doth allow of his said bill of charges, and doth bestow upon him moreover xxv sh - for his paines. Our master to pay the same l sh -,. and this order to be his discharge." — See minutes of court, 16 July, 1651. * See minutes of court. f " 1 1 June, 1653. Butt two places void, — 2>r. Gell and Mr. Cranford, two learned divines, whom they entreated to be examiners for. the companie, — seven of theprin- cipall scholars of the said schoole appointed thereunto pronounced severall oracons, — it was agreed that the company, should proceed unto theleccon of three scholars to supply three places, which the company were informed were vacant in the said col T ledge. And thereupon the company, with the advise of the learned men, proceeded to theleccon upon diyers names. So theleccon, by most voices, fell upon Steven Alvey, Thomas Hough, and Thomas Greatbach, to supply the places void; to which eleceon the said presid~t and ffellowes gave their full liking, consent, and approbacon." — See minutes of, court. J. At the restoration he was collated to. the Prebend of Rugmere, and in 1671 was made Dean of Ljchfield. — Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 208. § " 11 June, 1653. Mr. Cranford and Mr. Smallwood, . two learned divines, whom they entreated to-be examiners for the company,— seaven of the principall scholars of the said schoole appointed thereunto, pronounced severall oracons,— it was agreed that the company should proceed to theleccon. of three scholars to supply three places ^ 318 THE HISTORY OF However, to prevent, if possible, the recurrence of these differ- ences about plain matters of fact, the college were desired to send the company a list of their fellows and scholars:* a letter to which effect was sent on the 14th of July.f And on the same day the company, highly mortified at some books, which Dugard had which the company were informed were vacant in the said colledge, (although the pre- sident and ffellowes affirmed that there were but two places actually void.) yet the company, with the advice of the learned men, proceeded to theleccon upon divers names. So theleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell upon Thomas Smith, Richard White, and Samuell Turner to supply the places void, with this promise, that if it shall appeare that there are but two places void, then the said Samuel Turner is to be maintained at the charges of his freinds, according to the allowance of the colledge, untill a place shalbe void." — See minutes of court. * " It is ordered that l~res shalbe forthwith sent to the president and senior ffel- lowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon, to putt them in mind of their promise, to send the names of the ffellowes and scholars now resident in the said colledge to thend the company may know the better how to proceed att future eleccons." — See minutes of court, 22 June, 1653. "Y " Right worshipfull, " Our comendacons remembred, 8cc. Upon some occasions offered, and con- ferance betweene you and us at our last meeting att the eleccon, the matter-came in question how many ffellowships in your colledge were supplied out of our schoole, as likewise out of the other schooles lymitted by your ffounder, wherein you promised to advertize us as they now stand, wherby wee might receive satisfaccon that the appointment of your worthy ffounder was in all points performed both by you and us, which wee are the more earnest to knowe from you, in regard, wee are tould by others, that wee are wanting to our schoole in furnishinge your colledge from thence with the full number appointed by the statutes of Sir Thomas White, in the due performance of our trust therein. Wee intreate you not to blame us, if wee endeavour*to vindi- cate ourselves. Wee doe therefore intreate you, according to your promise to us, to send us a particular note of the names of the scholars elected by us, and admitted by you into your colledge from our schoole, which now receive the benefitt thereof, as.alsoe from thother schooles appointed by yotir founder, and of the founder's kin- dred, wherby .wee may not onely satisfie ourselves, but those who are readie to taxe us with any omission of our dutye in that trust. And soe wee comend you to the proteccon of the Almightie, who wee pray to prosper your studies to his glory, and rest " Your loveing ffreinds." MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 319 printed, being ordered by the House of Commons to be publickly burnt,* took occasion to intimate to him that it would be very acceptable to them, if he would discontinue his typographi- cal pursuits, and devote himself entirely to the business of the school, -f* At this time the companies of London were much impoverished by the forced loans, with which they had been obliged to accom- modate the contending parties in the state. The Merchant-Tay- lors' in particular had been compelled to sell part of their rental,:}: and to arrange plans of retrenchment and economy. On the 27th of August a committee was appointed for this purpose ; and, on the 3d of May, 1654, a proposal from them was received and agreed to by the court that, for the future, the sum of five pounds should be given to the president and fellows instead of the ten which had usually been allowed^ But when election day ar- '.<■> ••' * See Journals of the House of Commons, 10 February, 26 March, 2 April, and 22 June, 1652. ■}* " William- B*ugard, cheife schoolenf r of the companies schoole at Laurence Pounetneys, by a full consent of this court, for one whole yeare next ensuing. ■ And it is ordered that it be forthwith intimated unto Mr. Dugard, that it wilbe very ac- ceptable unto the company, if he shall leave his printing, and apply himselfe wholly and solely to the duty of the schoole> according to the order, when hee. first admitted to the said place." — &ee minutes of court, 14 July, 1653. J " It is ordered, that the upper rentor w&rden for the time beiBg shall from hence- forth pay all the sallaries and payments to the schoolenTr and ushers of Merchant- tailors' schoole, and such other payments and sallaries charged in the lower rentor wardens accompt as may well be transferred from thence to the said upper rentor wardens, and his rental!- to be charged therewith, in regard of the great payment upon the rentall of the said lower rentor warden and of Clxxxx 1 '-, per annum lately sold, which was received by him."— See minutes of court, 25 June, 1651. § " This day the comittees, appointed by order of court of* the 27th of August last, for mitigacon of the companies charge, presented severall proposals to this court, the tenor thereof followeth, viz. — That there be allowed to the president and twoe senior ffellowes pf St. John Baptist Colledge in Oxon, att theleccon of the scholars towards their, riding charges, the some of £v and noe more, &c. &c. &c. Upon S20 THE HISTORY OF rived, the company in their liberality forgot their economy. They paid the representatives of the college ten pounds " towards their rideing charges," and promised to re-imburse them, whatever ex- pense they had been put to by Turner during such time as he had been a supernumerary member of their society.* The boj'S elected on this occasion were John Eldred and John Braine.-f- On the 20th of July, " the bill of charges from St. John's" on Turner's account was referred to the consideration of a com- mittee^ but how much it amounted to, or what was done re- specting it, we have no means of ascertaining, the records of the raeding of which proposalls, this court doth thinke fitt to confirme and establish the same, and it is ordered that for the time to come the same be observed in all points accordingly." — See minutes of court, 3 May, 1654. * It is evident from the'MS. account that Turner had been actually admitted a scholar in 1653. + " 10 June, 1654. Mr. Cranford and Mr. Smallwood, two learned divines, whom they entreated to be examiners for the company, — seven of the principall scholars of the said schoole appointed thereunto, prononced sevrall oracons, — it was agreed that the company should proceed to the eleccon of two scholars to supply two places, which the company were informed were vacant in the said colledge. Whereuppon the company, with the advice of the learned men, proceeded to theleccon uppon divers names. So theleccon, by scruteny and most voices, fell uppon John Eldred and John Braine to supply the places void. To which eleccon the president and ffel- lowes gave their full likeing, consent, and approbacon. This day, uppon the mocon of Mr. Owen, President of St. Johns Colledge in Oxon, it is ordered that Samuel Turner, who was the last yeare chosen to the colledge extraordinary, (when it shall appeare how long hee hath beene maintained by the colledge before there was any place void that hee could not be admitted unto) then the company will satisfie such reasonable charges as hee put the colledge unto during that time. And then was paid x' 1 - to the president and two senior ffellowes by way of good will from the com- pany towards their rideing charges. And soe all departed with good content and likeing." — See minutes of court. % " It is ordered that Mr. Stone, Mr. Churchman, and the wardens, doe consider of the bill of charges from St. Johns Colledge in Oxon, concerning one Turner, who was elected from the companies schoole to the said colledge in anna 1653."— See mi- mutes of court, 20 July, 1654. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 321 company being imperfect from this time till the beginning of 1663. In June 1655, Edward Bernard and Joseph Taylor were elected scholars of St. John's. Taylor, indeed, was deformed in his per- son, and on that account statutably objected to by the college. But the then visitor overruled every objection, and ordered him to be admitted the following January.* While these irregularities were practising at college, under the sanction of the highest existing authority, matters were ordered much more becomingly at school. Both boys and their parents were brought to punctuality, the one in their attendance and the other in their payments. Expulsion was denounced in all cases of non - payment of the quarterage for twenty-eight days, or absence without reasonable cause' for six days in any quar- ter, -j- • " Edvardus Bernard £ Sch. M. Sciss. — Josephus Taylor e/ectus hoc anno e Schol. M. Sciss. etsi non admissus fuerit ante Jan. 1656. Statut. de deformibus excludendis repugnante. V. Coll. Regist. iii p. 564. He was admitted by an order of the visitor, dated Jan. 26, 1655-6.— See Reg. No. 3. p. 564."— MS. account. f " Merchant-Taylors', Novembris 7 mo , 1655. " Tempest Milner, Alderman, Master. " Whereas complaint hath been made of the failer of many in payment of their (juarteriitges and duties of the school, whereby the masters place is greatly dam- nified ; for remedie whereof, and for the better encouragement of the cheif school- master in his duty, it is by this court ordered, " I. That every scholar, that is admitted into the school, shall duly pay his quar- eridg at the four usuall quarter-dayes, vizt. Martii 25, Junii 24, Septembris 29, and Decembris 25. And that, if any bee behinde in payment of their quarteridges, for the space of xxviii daies after the said quarter-daies, hee shall then bee dismissed from the school, and loos the benefitt and privilege thereof. " II. That none bee absent from the school by the space of six daies in a quarter, unless hindred by sickness, or leav (uppon other reasonable caus) bee granted by the master under his hand ; and that, if any shall otherwise absent himself, hee shall lose liis place and privilege of the school. " Bx d by Robert Marsw," The Register of the School's Probation, v. ii. p. 22. T t 322 THE HISTORY OF At the election in June, 1656, George Meryfield, Philip Nevill, and Edmund Cressy, were chosen scholars of St. John's.* In 1657, the election fell, upon John Asgill, William Warner, and Peter Willett.-j- And, in the course of this year, the head master of Merchant-Taylors' for the time being, became, under the will of Abraham Colfe, an examiner and elector, in conjunction with several schoolmasters, clergymen, and citizens, pointed out by the testator, on every vacancy of the grammar school, founded''by him, on Blackheath, in the parish of Lewisham, in- the county of Kent.J ukI-v, ■' -it ■-, ,',yi -:..■: ,;",•■. * The Register of the School's Probation, vol. ii. p. 803, arid' MS. account." t The Register of the School's Probation, vol. ii. p. 8i0, and MS. account. % " Abraham Colfe, Vicar of- Lewisham, by his will, bearing date \656, bequeathed the greater part of his real and personal properly to the Leathersellers' company, in trust, to be bestowed in charitable uses, principally for the benefit of this parish and the hundred of Blackheath. In his life time he had founded a grammar school oh Blackheath, (within the parish of Lewisham,) which was opened in the month of June, 1652. By his will he gives the following directions relating lo this school : — that it shall be for the education of thirty-one boys, five of whom shall be of the parish of Lewisham, ten of Greenwich, eight of Deptford, one of Lee, one of Charl- ton, three of Eltbam, and three of Woolwich, to be chosen in the several parishes at a public meeting of the chief parishioners. In addition to this number, every incum- bent minister in the hundred of Blackheath, and also the, minister of Chislehurst, tqhave the privilege of sending their sons to the school for education,, but' no minister to have more than one son in the school at a time. The master is to be examined, and approved by the head masters of Westminster, St. Paul's, and Mer- chant-Taylors' schools, by the president of Sion College, the ministers of the hundred of Blackheath, and the minister of Chislehurst; and to be chosen by them, in'con- junction with the wardens of the Leathersellers' company, and the lord of the manor, who has the privilege of nominating a Westminster scholar, to stand in election with one, two, or three candidates nominated by the other electors. — A scholar from the grammar school having been examined and chosen by one of the chief schoolmasters in London, and the ministers of Lewisham, Lee, Greenwich, Deptford, and Chisle- hurst, is to be sent every year to one of the universities, (Oxford and Cambridge,) and to have an exhibition of <£\0 per annum during seven years."— -Lysons's Environs of London, v. iv. pp. 529, &c. MERCHAN-T-TA¥IA3RfS': SCHOOL. 3£3 vjfn 1658, Isaac Roote, John Torbuck, Israel Edwards,, and Pe- ter Kentish :* and in 1659, John Bearblocke, Charles Crosse, and Thomas Usborne,-j~ were elected scholars of St. John's. \ - By the original statutes of the school, it may be recollected, the number of boys was limited to two hundred and fifty, of whom one hundred- were to pay. five shillings per quarter, and one hun- dred were to be taught gratuitously, while the remaining fifty were to form, an intermediate description *. paying two shillings and two pence quarterly ; and none to be admitted but by the master and wardens, in writing certified by the clerk of the company.;}; But, in these respects, it must be owned, Dugard had failed of that strict observance of the company's orders, to which he was bounds The number of boys, in constant; attendance for the last three years^had been on an average two hundred and seventy-five, and those not exactly in the proportions prescribed by the sta- tutes.|| And therefore, on the 15th of February, 1660, the court drew up some orders to stop these irregularities, but did not com- municate them to Dugard till the examination day in Mareh,^[ ;it •yjiv ■ ■'■■■■ t •' The Register 6f the School's Probation, vol. ii. p. 817, and MS. account. f The Register of the School's Probation, vol. ii. p. 824, and MS. account. J See Statutes iv. v. vi. pp» 12 and 13, and Statutes xlii. and xliii. pp. 20 and 21. § Mulcaster had failed in the same riespect, and had been censured for it. — See page" 34. ' ''' ' y \\ Had the average been taken during the whole of his mastership, the number would have fallen short of the statutable compliment by six. But the fact is, his im- mediate, predecessors, Gray, Edwards, and Staple, had kept within the limited num- ber. And the company having, for wise reasons, drawn the line in the first instance, did not' think proper to let it be transgressed for the gratification or emolument of an individual'. f " Merchant-Tailors. : j " ; " " Mr. Aldr~an Bolton, Master. ' ■ * " The 15th of Ffebruary, 16*59-60. v " Whereas, this court hath often. taken notice of Mr. Dugard's megalar.praceeding in the companies school, at St. Laurence Pounlneyes, London, contxanp to y e jsffatutes T t2 324 TirE HISTORY OF at which time, the boys in the school amounted to two hundred and sixty-four.* However, on the 11th of June, the number was very satisfac- torily reduced to two hundred and thirty-six,-)- out of whom Charles Adland, Brian Dickinson, John Wells, John Dickinson, and Henry Davis were elected scholars of St. John's ;J only Wells does not appear to have been admitted at College.^ But no little dissatisfaction having been excited against Dugard, the court thought proper, on the i2th of December, to resolve on discharg- ing him from his mastership at the ensuing Midsummer, an order of y e same ; for remedy whereof, it is by this court ordered, that Mr. Du Gard (as to y e number of y e scholars and the manner of their admittances into y said school) shall stand to, abide, observe, perform, and keep, all y e former orders and statutes made in that behalf, by the company at y e ffoundation thereof, in all points what- toever, and that a table bee hang upp in y c said school of y e orders and statutes aforesaid. " It is likewise ordered, that Mr. Du Gard do p~sent to our master, by this day seavennight, the names of one hundred of the said scholars, that now are, or should bee, in y e said companies school, gratis, and, likewise, y e names of fifty of y e said scholars, that are, or should bee there at two shillings and two pence a quarter; and, also y e names of one hundred of the said scholars, that are, or should bee there at five shillings a quarter; and, also y e names of y e rest of y c scholars that are over and above y e said number of two hundred and fifty scholars; to thend this court may take such further order therein, as they shall think fitt. " Ex~r, Robt. Marsh. [Then follow the statutes above mentioned, some of which have been altered by the order of court of 9 April, 1805. See note, page 18.] " These orders (dated Ffebruar. 15, 1659-60) 1 rec""d by Aldr'an Bolton, [Master] Martii 16, 1659, beeing examination-day. " Guil. Du Gard, Scholae Merc. Sciss. Moderator." The Register of the School's Probation, v.ii. p. 763. * The Register of the Spfwol's Probation, v.ii. p. 424. f The Register of the School's Probation, v. ii. p. 435. | The Register of the School's Probation, v. iL p. 831. 3) MS. account. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 325 to which effect, drawn up in terms rather verbose and indefinite, was sent to him on the 27th of that month.* * " Merchant-Tailors. Duodecimo die Decembris, anno d~ni, 1660. " Mr. John Orlibeare, Annoque regis Caroli se~df, Angliae, &c. duodecimo. Master. " Whereas many complaints have been frequently from time to time made to thft master and wardens of this company, and to this court, by the parents and friends of y e yong scholars taught iu y e companies free grammar-school, at St. Laurence Pount- neys, London, commonly called Merchant-Tailors' School, of y e neglect of y e chief master's duty in that school, and of his breach of y e companies orders and ordinances thereof; w ch this company haveing observed, and often examined, and finding the truth thereof, have, from time to time, and severall times," hoth privately and publickly warned and admonished Mr. Wm. Du Gard, the chief school-master thereof, adviseing him and requiremg him to y e performance of his duty in the school', and to y e observance of the orders and ordinances thereof; notwithstanding which admonishment and long time of forbearance, the same hath been still neglected by him; neither hath hee conformed or submitted himself to y e orders and ordinances of the company, made for y c better government of that school; whereby y e school,, heretofore famous for discipline and exact teaching, and a publick nursery of hope-full yong scholars, hath of late been,, and is now in great danger to decay. This court,, seriously considering that the decay of y e school will tend to y e p'judice of this com- mon wealthMn general, and to the great dishonor and disgrace of this company in par- ticular, (who have been not onely the rTounders, but are y c governors thereof), if the same bee not timely p~vented, doth therefore discharge Mr. Wm. Du Gard from the place of chief-school-master, and from all benefitts, profitts, and commodities, there- unto belonging. " Nevertheless, to thend hee may bee y e better provided for his departure,, this court (in favor to him) doth give him time with his family to remain in y e school- house, and other lodgings thereof, and enjoy y e profitts of his place untiil y* ffeast of the nativitie of St. John Baptist, now next ensneing*. " Provided that hee supply y e place and duty of school-master there untiil tha* time. . " And, it is further ordered, that Mr. Du Gard have speedy notice of this order. " Ex~r, Robt. Marsh." f This order (dated Decemb. 12, 1660,) I ree'd (inclosed in a Tre from John Miller)' Decemb. 27, 1660. " GciL. Du Gard, Schola? Merc. Sciss. Moderator.!" The Register of the SehooPs Probation, vol. ii. p. 765. 326 JO.. THE HI STORK - OF. On the 15th oi'J May, 166*1, he presented a remonstrance to them,* but to no purpose; and on the following election-day, a little before his final departure from the school, Josiah Smith, Thomas Harris, and Edward Wrigglesworth, were chosen scholars of St. John's ;f to which college, it may be remembered, he had sent Levinz and Bernard, who, in after-life, distinguished them- selves in the literary world. Of the boys who missed the election, and completed at Oxford the education he had so well begun; Hall and Hopkins were raised to the bench of bishops. Nor was there any department of the liberal .professions in which his, pupils were not to be met withy and recognized by the critical knowledge which they had imbibed from 1 the exactness of their teacher. On his removal from Merchant-Taylors' he ; opened a private school in the neighbourhoo d of Colema n-3treet, whither many of his scholars followed him,;]; but where his labours, were of short * " A remonstrance of William Dugard, discharged from the mastership of Mer- chant-Taylors' School, -in London, made and presented to the master, wardens, and assistants, of that right worshipfull company under six heads : — 1. That I left a good livelihood in another place, when I entred upon your service, and brought with me many scholars to the school, &c. dated 15 May, 166 1." — Rennet's Reg. and Chronicle, p. 447. f The Register of the School's Probation, v. ii. p. 838. It is true, that all three ap- pear to have been admitted at St. John's ; but it is remarkable, that, in the indenture / of election still preserved in the archives of the college, Smith is named alone " to supply the place now void." — MS. account. X He left this verse to his successor, concerning the Register of the School's Pro- bation, which hitherto he had diligently kept himself. — — Munere cedens Hanc successori scribendi lampada trado. Gul. Dugard haud ita pridem Mercatorum-Scissorum, jam vero privates scftottz in vico de Coleman-Street, moderator, Nov. 21, 1661. So great was his reputation and the fame of his abilities, that, by the 25th of March following, he had gathered an hundred and ninety three scholars. Besides the qualifications of his mind, which caused him to be highly valued and esteemed, he was a good orator and poet. He wrote a very neat and beautiful hand, and published some few books for the use of his schools. 1. Rhe- torices Elementa, Qucestionibus et Responsionibus explicate, per Guil. Dugard; dedicated MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. sn duration. In the near approach of eternity, when credit may be given to his asseverations, he, in the name of God, attributed his to the Merchant-Taylors' Company. 2. A Greek Grammar. 3. Luciani Samosatensis Dialogorum selector um Libit duo. A Gulielmo Dugardo recogniti, et (varus cpllatis exem- plaribus) multo. castigatim qufim ante editi. Qum Interpretatione Jjati,na, multis in locis emendqta, et ad calcem adjecta. — He has a copy of verses in Latin, before Wm. Hill's edition of Dionysius in 1658; , part of which work he printed, (contrary to the hint he had received from the company in the year 1653,) as we are informed, in the fol- lowing advertisement to the reader: " Quandoquidem Dionysius ex tribus Typographies prodierit, lectorem monitum velim, TexlHin Graecum cum Interpretatione Latina apud Th. Newcomb, Commenta- rium cum Indice Rerum et Verborum apud R. Daniel, Appendiceal vero et Institu- tiones Geographicas una cum Indicibus aliis apud G. Du Gard excusa fuisse." In Dionysii. TlcpwyyimijTns- OlxHpimK, A ; GUILIELMO HILLO, Lucidissime Explicatam. Portitor sthereas cum conscendisset ad auras (Dum sfaret Stygiis linter inanis.aquis)~ Et Maise cum Prole locum disquireret, unde Prospiceret geminum tutus uterqiie polum, Carminibus birris Ossse superaddit Olympum Maeonides, montes montibus accumulans : His superimp9sitU9 totum circumspicit orbem ■ Hillus, et Eoas Hesperiasque domos. Hinc Homines, Urbes, Populos, Fluvios, Freta, Campos, Conspicit, et toto quicquid in Orbe patet ; Omnia luniinibus lustrati signatque tabellis, Atque ociilis prabet conspjcienda tuis. Qua spectatus Atlas, qua Pelion, Ossa, et Olympus, Qua reliqui montes, notus et Hillus erit. Qua situs Orbis erit, necnon Dionysius Afer, Eustathius notus, notus et Hillus erit. Mantua Virgilium jactat, Verona Catullum ; Miraturvatem Bilbilis ora suum ; Gloria turrigera: numerosus Horatius Urbis, Cui Venus Appuliis nomina fecit agris. Mxoniden Salamis, Colophon, CKios, Argos, Athena;, Smyrna, Rhodosque ; Hillum totus at Orbis amat. Guil. Du Gard, Cliaron sc. \ id. Luciani Dialog, qui inscribkur, Xaguv, v cm- &c. Scliola Mercatorum-Scissorum, Moderator. 328 THE HISTORY OF last dismissal to " the contrivement of Master Thomas Nev ill ;"* and, in December, 1662, death released him from a life of disquie- tude and grief. He has also a Distich on the Death of Mr. Thomas Gataker, after the life and sermon by Simon Ashe. And he has left us a stroke or two of his poetry in Greek, in his own handwriting, whereby we may see how he at last stood affected to the great changes that took place in the age wherein he lived. One on the beheading of King Charles I. Y.xnvlixur KAPOAOS pii a-hiniut x l ? a " fawli*. And another on the mother of the usurper Cromwell, which is, perhaps, the only epitaph extant on her. MvTitf tu TEXtu ii»T*fira Mah y.arat, *0( iio pin fiatrtXltf Ti «j uXiet t^ek /3ao-iXstac. Some few further particulars may be seen in Wood's Athenae, v. ii. p. 178. Stow's Survey, b. i. pp. 169, 170, and 203. And the Biographia Britannica. * Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the will of William Dugard are the words following: — ** In the name of God, amen ; the four and twentieth day of November, anno domini 1662, and in the fourteenth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord Charles the Second, by the grace of God, King of England, Scotland, Ffrance, and Ireland, De- fender of the Ffaith, &c. I, William Dugard, born at the Hodges on the Lickhayside, in Shepley Yield, in the parish of Bromesgrove, in the county of Worcester, January the ninth, one thousand six hundred and five; king's scholar at Worcester school, under Master Henry Bright ; master in arts of Sydney Sussex College in Cambridge ; usher of Oundle school, in the county of Northampton; afterwards master of the ffree school in Stanford, in the county of Lincoln ; then master of the ffree school in Colchester, in the county of Essex ; last of all, master of the Merchant-Taylors' school, in the parish of Saint Laurence Poliltney, in London, for the space of seventeen years, but from thence discharged indicia causa, by the contrivement of Master Thomas Nevili, anno domini, one thousand six hundred and sixty-one ; and,, now master of a private school, &c." merchant-Taylors' school. 329 CHAPTER III. The Masterships of Goad, Hartclife, Bonwick, and Shortyng ; containing the Space of Forty-Six Years. THE master, who succeeded Dugard, was John Goad, Bachelor in Divinity, who had been educated under Edwards, and elected from Merchant-Taylors' to St. John's, but expelled from his fel- lowship by " the committee of Lords and Commons for refor- macon of the university of Qxon."* Who, or how many, were his competitors on this occasion cannot be ascertained. The only in- formation that is preserved to us, connected with his appointment, is that he entered on his office on the 12th of July, l66l,f and, with the assistance of Baylie, now restored to his headship, res- Cued the statutes. of Sir Thomas 1 White J from that state of perio- * See page 297 . t See a table, entitled " The Names of all those who have been Chief- School- masters, since the Foundation of Merchant-Tailors' School in the Parish of St. Lau- rence Pountney, London, viz. Anno Domini 1561', Elisabeths: Reginae 3'° with the Time of their Entrance uppon,. and Continuance in ; the Place," inserted in the Re- gister of the School's Probation. £ As I have had frequent occasion, in the course of this work, to allude to the statutes of St. John's College, I shail here subjoin such of them as materially concern' Merchant-Taylors' School, together with Sir Thomas White's letter concerning the election of the quiristers, alluded to in the note, page 98. XII. De qualitate et circumstantiis eligendoruni in Scholares triennip probandos. Quum iuxta veteris atqp,e tiovi testamenti sacram paginam divina pariter ac humana iiua, regni quoque Angiitis leges et comuetudines, itli de genere nostra et sanguine patti- v u 830 THE HISTOHY OF* ' dical violation, in which they had lain during the domination of the Regicides. monium nostrum, dominia, maneria, advocationes ecclessiarum, et possessionem alias tem- porales quascunque qua habvimus, et alias de bonis nobis a deo collatis gravibus sumptibus et laboribus adquisivimus essent iuste habituri, et in eadem debite suc- cessuri ; cumque patrimonium, dominia, maneria, advocationes ecclesiarum et alias possessiones quas habuimus, ut Jesum Christum filium Dei vivi haredem mihi con- stituerem prcedictis prasidi et scholaribus (clericis) collegii nostri pro sustentatione ip- sorum, et in fidei Christiana, cultusque divini augmentum in ecclesia sancta. dei dederimus et concesserimus intuitu charitatis, nos iuxta doctrinam doctoris Gentium primd ?iostris domesticis providers volentes, ut qui ex pramissis donatione et concessione nostris gravati existunt, in alio se sentiant relevatos, et ne pana duplici conterantur, statuimus, oidi- namus, et volumus, quod in omni electione scholarium prmdictorum, futuris tempoiibus, in dictum nostrum collegium, faciendd, principaliter , et ante omnes alios, ille, ac ill i, qui sunt, vel erunt, de consanguinitate nostra, et genere (si qui tales fuerint), dum tamen competen- ter in grammaticd eruditi existunt, ita tit logicis deinceps vacare possint , ubicumqut •fuerint oriundi, seu moram traxerint, per viam specialis prasrogutivce, in verum ei perpetvum so- cium, vel veros et perpetuos socios, per prezsidem et socios ejusdem collegii, virtute juramenti prastiti in eorum admissione, absque, dijficultate qualibet, seu aliquo probationis tempore,* admittantur, et de bonis communibus dicti nostri collegii, sicut cateri veri socii et perpetui,. ejusdem, honestd et debits sustententur. Et quia inter opera misericordia Christus pracipit pauperes recipere in hospitia, illosque in sua indigentia misericorditer refovere; quod nos ad memoriam reducentes, et Christi prcecepta sequi corditer affect antes, statuimus, ordinamus, et volumus, quod omnes, et singuli, in collegium nostrum, ad annos probationis, eligendi, post nostras consanguineos sint pauperes indigentes sckolares (clerici primam tonsuram clerixalem habentes aut habituri priusquam admittantur) bonis moribus et conditionibus perornati, conversations honestd, ad studium habiles et idonei, et in studio prqficere cupientes, in cantu saitem , plana com- petenter instructi, in nulla scientia graduati, nee infra annum atatis decimum qua/turn nee ultra decimum nonum, non spurii, (quales tamen spurii, si qui forte clam in numerum scho- larium irrepserint, et ante completum primum annum probationis innotuerint, eo ipso nomine a collegia nostro amoveantur) alioqui locum perpetuum in eodem perinde occupaturi, af que si spurii non essent. Modus autem eligendi et approbaudi omnes et singulos scholares, tarn aliunde, quam ex infra dictis scholis assumendos ad triennem probationem ita se habet. Singulis annis die lunoc proximo afesto Sa/icli Johaunis Baptists, hord prima pomeridiand, preesidens aut eo absente vice preesidens convocet decern socios simpliciter seniores tunc in universitate preesentes in sacellum dicli collegii vel alibi intra collegium, ex causa irrfirmitatis couvocantis si ea injirmitas non fuerit contagiosa ; cujus convocatidni omnes et singulos volumus parere sub merchant-Taylors' school. 331 The restoration of Charles the Second, which had taken place about a twelvemonth, had produced a change of scene at school pccna expulsionis perpetute, et lecto tunc ibidem public*: statute- proxirrie pracedente, tactis sacrosanctis evangeliis, astringat prtesidens, vel eo absente vice pmsidens, eorum unumquemque vinculo juramenfi, ad omnes et singulas particular in eo statuto expressas, quatenus eum con- eernant; deinde procedalur ad electionem hoc modo. Primo duo socii simpliciter et maxime seniores tunc in universitate prasentes, quos in hac electione scrutatores esse volumus, scribant in schedulis, ea de causa ordinatis, sua, et eligen-* dorwm nomina, neutro tamen eorum conscio, quern alter nominet. Deinde prasidens, si affuerit, qui tunc in hac electione duo habebit suffragia, in utraque schedula unum et eundem nominet, eiigat f et ita deinceps reliqui octo socii seniores, tunc in universitate prasentes, in altera duntaxat schedularum, secreti tamen, sine ulla expressione aut ostensione alicujus per' sona, aut nomine, per dictos scrutatores, prasidentem aut vice prasidentem, unquam, nisi ad mandatum patroni collegii, quovis modo sub pozna perjurii, faci-endd. Turn demum, calcu- late suffragiis per scrutatores, et visis per prccsidentem, aut eo absente per vice prasidentem, ille, a presidente aut, eo absente, a vice pvcesidente, pro electa pronuncietur, in quern omnes aut major pars sujfragiorum omnium, tunc eligentium, eonsenserint. Si vero isto pradicto modo, non eonsenserint, tunc in eo casu, rursus continud scribant decern dicti socii simpliciter, et maxime seniores, tunc in universitate prasentes, ac preeterea prcesidens si in universitate fuerit, pro novo sa-utinio facienda, in quo scribant primo duo prafati scrutatores, (ut pra- fertur) deinde pr&sidens, si affuerit, deinceps reliqui octo y et omnia Jiant secreti ordine ut supra notatum est, in duabus tamen schedulis. Et tunc ilia scrutinio calculato,. ilia persona pro electa habeatur in quam Prmsidens, si prmsens fuerit, et quinque- ex illis in illo scrutinio eligentibus, vel ipso prcesidente dissentiente, major pars ex illis electoribus unanimiter eon- senserint, et ita pronuntietur. Quod si neutro istorum modorum in unum in hoc scrutinio consensum fuerit, tunc aliudfiat continud consimile scrutinium, in quo, si adhuc nulla modo jam dicto in unum consensum fuerit, tunc ilia persona pro electa habeatur quam prmsidens in illo tertio et ultimo scrutinio nominavit ; et ita pronuncietur. Quod si prmsidens ab universitate hujus tempore electionis abfuerit, ac electio, ex causa pradicta, ad dictos decern seniores devolvatur, tunc consimile scrutinium inter eos continuo habeatur, et tunc ille pro electo habeatur in quern major pars illorum decern in primo vel secundo hujusmodi scrutinio: eonsenserint. Quod si major pars ex Us in neutro scrutinio post devolutionem, in unum eundem eonsenserint, tunc ille censeatur et sit electus, quern vice prce- sidens in illo postremo scrutinio nominaverit duxeritque eligendum. Adjicientes preeterea, quod nullus sociorum instanter roget, laboret, atot aliquant faeiat paccionem, pro alicujus electione, sub poena amissionis sui salarii per duos annos. Et quod nulla fat electio, nisi presidente prasente, aut ex proposito, et per contumaciam absente, si demi sit, ejvaleat, vel saltern consentieati, si elomi sit et cegrotet.. U U 2 332. THE HISTORY. OF as well as in the realm at large. The countenances and manners of the boys were different from what the} 7 had. been. Instead of Ac etiam volumus, quod quacumque hujusmodi electio semel inceepta, prius finiatvr, quam dicti eligentes exeunt a sacello, vel loco ubi celebratur electio. Hactenus de ekctione interna domi facienda. . Caterum de Us, qui aliunde, de certis schotis, inferius a nobis expressis, perpetud succes- sione, mitlendi sunt, approbationem solum ad prasidentem vel eo absente vice prasidentem, ac alios decern socios maxime seniores, spectare volumus, ita ut si quis eorum omnium, aut major is partis eorundem, jiidicio, minus aptus et idoneus alicunde mitlatur, penes eos sit venuendi repellendique potest as, et ipsis deinceps liberumsit, ad eamformam, quam preescrip- simus, electionem inire, atque in eo casu deficientis cujuscumque inferius nominate sdtola? privilegio gaudere. Qui veto in hoc casu sic elect us fuerit, is pro deficientis cujuscumque schola alumno habetor, lantisper locum ejus occupaiurus, dum in collegio permanserit. XIII. De Juramento Scholaris triennio probandi. Cesterum ne from ulla in electa latitet, quce ignorantes facile ' occcecaret, statuimus ut unusquisque, qualitercunque electus, aut admissus, ad triennem probationem, in dicto nostra collegio, intra quindecim dies a prima electione sive admissione sua coram prasiaente, si domi fuerit, vet vice prmsidente, duobus decanis, uno bmsario, et tertia parte sociorum omnium gruduatorum tunc in universitate preesentium, tactis et inspectis per ipsum tunc ibidem sacrosanctis evange/iis, hujusmodi p> ecstet juramentum. " Ego N. ad triennium probationis in Collegium Suncti Johannis Baptista in Universit. Oxon. electus juro, quod fir miter et sine ulla. jraude, in, hoc juramento J acienda, credo me, quantum vel per meipsum vet per alios mild de Us cognosce/e contigit, alatis esse duntaxat, non ultra . dec imum nonum, nee infra decimum quurtum annum atutis, circa diem et men- sem N in comitatu N- et cliucesi N natum, [tonsura quoque clericali initiatuni] et nullum aniiui impedimentum ad ordinem sacerdotii in me sentientem, nee uih piaterea parti statuti de qualitate et circumstuntiis eligibiiis, jam lecti miln, quo minus rite et legitime', juxta Mud, electus sim, quovis modo repugnantem. Item, quod non habeo aliquod certum, unde possum expendere annuatim, ultra quinque libras sterlings. Item, si cuntingat me scire aliqua secreta istius col/egii, ipsa, in illius damnum, aut prajudicium, nunquam, reve- labo. Item, augmentationem bonorum, tenarum, possessionum, redituum, jurium ejusdem conservationem, defensionem, promotionem, aut expeditionem negoliorum quorumcunque dicti collegii, ad quemcunque statum posthac devenero, in sanis consiliis, Leneficiis, favori- bus, et auxiliis, quantum in me fuerit, et ad me pertinebit, diligenter juvabo, et pro eadem fideliter laborabo, quamdiu vixero in hoc mundo. Item, quod non procurabo diminutio- nem, translationem, mutationem, seu destructionem alkujus numeri in prasentibus statutis assignati, contra formam statutorum, vel ea fieri, quantum in me fuerit, permittam aut MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 335 demurely wearing their hats over their eyes, in imitation of the men who had now, for twelve miserable years, set the fashion in comentiam quovis modo. Item, quod omnia statuta, et ordinationes dictum collegium con- cernentia, per venerabitem virum, magistrum Thomam White fundatorem hujus coltegii edita et edenda, secundum planum, literalem, et grammaticalem sensum, et vntelkctum, quantum ad me pertinuerit, inviolabiliter observabo, ac, quantum in me fuerit, faciam ub a/iis ob- servari ; neque alia statuta ulla, seu ordinationes, interpretationes, injuhctlones, declara- tiones, aut expositiones prcesentibus ordinationibus, et statutis, vel qualitercunque vera intel- lects eorundem, repugnantia, derogantia, vel contraria, per quemcunque, seu quoscunque, alium, seu alios, quam per dictum venerabilem virum, Thomam White, fundatorem, faci- enda, ullo pacto scienter acceptabo, vel eis consentium, aut ea admittam ullo tempore, ne'e Mis, vel eorum aliquo, utar, in collegia pradicto, vel extra, tacite vel express^ ; interpret tationibus tamen, wjunctionibus, declarationibus, et expositionibus, per reverendum in Christo patrem Dominum Winton diocess episcopum, et ejus successors, super dubiis statu- torum emergentibus, secundum formam in eisdem descriptam, disputatis, faciendis, obediam, et cum effectu, etiamsi mea opinioni adversentur, parebo. Item,' quod nonero detractor, susurro, faciem obloquia, aut provocam odium, iram, discordiam, invidiam, contumelias, rixas, vel jurgia, aut speciales, aut pracellentes, prarogativas nobilitatis, generis, scienti- arum, facultatum, aut divitiarum, allegans, nee inter socios ejusdem collegii, aut alios universitatis Oxon. scholares, australes, aquilonares, seu boredles, aut scienliarum ad scien- tias, facultatum ad facultates, patrice ad patriam, generis ad genus, nobilitatis ad nobili- tatem, vel ad ignobilitatem, seu alias quascunque comparationes, qua odiosm sint, in verba, vel in facto, causa commovendi socios, aut scholares aliquos, ullo vnquam tempore, aut pacto, faciam. Item, quod nulla conventicula, conspirationes, confaderationes, seu pac- tiones aliquas, intra regnum Anglia, vel extra, contra ordinationes et statuta, dictum col- legium concernentia, vel 'contra ipsius station, commodum, vel honorem, vel contra prdsi- dentem, vel viceprasidentem, vel aliquem socium, aut scholarem, ejusdem collegii, illicit^ faciam, vel ipsa procurabo, seu permittam ab aliis fieri, quantum in me fuerit, seu ipsa facientibus, vel eorum aliquod, dabo consilium, auxilium, vel favorem, aut iisdem interesse prtesurnam, nee ipsi comentiam tacith vel expressL Et si aliquem, vel aliquos sciverim con- trarium vel ■contraiia facimtes, aut procurantes, ea prasidenti, aut vice-prasidenti, decanis, et dispens'itoribus, quam primum potero, denuntiabo express^, verbis, vel scriptis. Quod- que tranquillitatem, pacem, utilitatem, commodum,. et honorem dicti collegii, et sociorum unitatem, quantum in me fuerit, et ad me pertinuerit, viis et modis, quibus potero, obser- babo. Et, si contingat me (quod absit) juxta formam, et exigentium statutorum prcasen- tium, a collegio pr&dicto expelli, seu amoveri, per prasidentem, et alias personas, in hujus- modi exputsione interesse habentes, ipsum prasidentem, vel eas personas, vel ear urn- aliquant, occasione expulsionis, vel amotionis hujusmodi, nunquam perscquar, molestabo, seu inqui- 334 THE HISTORY OF every thing, they assumed a more liberal air and English deport- ment. The clouds of discontent and chagrin at being obliged to etabo, per me, alium, vel alios, seu ab aliis persequi, molestdri, seu inquietari, quomodo libet procurabo, inj'oro ecclesiastico, sen seculari, sen alio modo quocvnque, sed omni actioni seculari, canonica, et civili, appellationique et querela, in ea parte, faciendis, et quorum libet literarum impetratiord, precibus, instantiis, principum, pralatorum, procerum,. mag- natum, et aliorum quorumcunque ac quibuslibet juris, vel facti, remediis aliis, per qua me petere possem in integrum restitui, vel ad jus, et titulum seu possessionem in ipso collegio vendicandam, reconaliari, in vim pacti renuntio expresse, in prasenti, et renuntiabo in scriptis, si exactus fuero, in mea expulsione. Item, quoties contingit me aliqua staiuta dicti collegii, aut aliquam partiunculam in eis, qua me concemit, violare, uut non obser- vare, panas omnes, qua, secundum formam eorundem statutorum, mihi infligentur, sine (ontradictione, subibo, et me humiliter subiturum promitto. Item, quod non impetrabo dispensationem aliquam, contra juramenta mea pradicta, vel contra ordinationes, et sta- tuta, de quibus pramittitur, aut ipsorum aliquod, nee dispensationem hujusmodi, per me, alium, vel alios, impetrari, aut obtineri, procurabo, directh vel indirect^. Et, si forsan aliquam dispensationem hujusmodi impetrari, vel gratis conferri, aut concedi, contigerit, cujuscunque fuerit authoritatis, seu generaliter, seu specialiter, aut alias, sub quacunque forma verborum concessa, ea non utar, nee eidem consentiam, quovismodo, sicut deus me adjuvet, et hac sancta dei evangelia." — Quo juramento prastito, statim per prasideniem, vel, eo absente ? per vice-prasidentem, in scholarem triennio probandum, in dictorum pra- sentia admittatur. Proviso, ut cum plures, in eodem anno, ita admittendi fuerint, Me prius cateris admittatur, qui prius fuerit electus. De quo quidem juramento, loco, -et die prastationis ejusdem juramenti, et anno incarnationis domini nostri Jesu Christi, unw cum nominibus, et cognominibus, tarn jurantium, quam eorum, qui intersint, ac etiam atate uniuscujusque jurantis, per eum, in hoc ejus juramento, asserta, quo praterea comitatu, et diocesi, in hoc juramento, se natum asseruit, publicum instrumentum fieri volumus, per aliqeum notarium publicum, in registro nostri collegii, ad hoc, et hujusmodi, facienda r perpetuo conservaudum. Quod juramentum, si intra tempus ejus admissionis supra limi- tatum, prastare protinus recusaverit, ipso facto omne jus, quod ratione sua hujusmodi elec- tionis ad collegium habuit, amittat. Et ne bona dicti nostri collegii circa personas inha- biles, qua literarum studio, ad profectum scholasticum et divini cultus augmentum, insistere non intendunt, contra nostra intentionis propositum, ac in exclusionem, seu retardationem aliorum, projicere cupientium, inefficaciter expendantur. Statuimus, ordinamus, et volu± mus, quod quilibet scholaris, i?i_ collegium nostrum, ad annos probationis admittendus,. anteaquam admittatur, juret, quod proponit firmiter, et intendit, per quinquennium, ad minus, in dicto collegio permanere, insistendo per idem tempus studio literarum. Et, si tontingat eorum aliquem, a collegio pradicto, infra quinquennium dictum, fina/iter rece- merchant-Taylors' school. 335 stifle and subdue the generous feelings and buoyant spirits of youth, vanished as soon as they perceived those around them dere, prater quam in casibus, in statutis nostris, limitatis, sen absque alia causa rationabili neccssuria, et sufficiently per prasidentem, vice-prasidentem, decanos, bursarios, appro- banda, pro communis, emoluments et prqficuis aids quibuscUnque, a dicto nostro collegia, per eum, et nomine suo, peraeptis, eidem collegio satisfacere debeat et teneatur. Nee ad* mittatur aliquis, electus quovismodo ad annos probationis, in dictum nostrum collegium, donee hujusmodi prastiterit juramentum, quern sic ad tres annos probationis admissum, et juratum, scholarem dicti nostri collegii, non socium, quoties de scbolari, in nostris statutis, inferius Jit mentio, volumus nuncupari, ac sic declaramus intelligi de eodem. Quern etiam infra dictos tres annos probationis existentem, conciliis interesse, aut officio aliqua ipsius col- hgiir gerere, vel exercere, nolumus quovismodo. LXVIII. 29, 30. Conclusio omnium Statutorum. 29. Caterum cum hactenus in his statutis nostris multa multis in locis occurrant, ad qua omnia et singula observanda, prasidens socii et scholares pradicti collegii nostri in virtute sui iuramenti astricti videri possint, iam inde statim a prima sua in collegium admissione, quorum tamen nonnulla, imposterum, magis per nos perficienda, per dei gratiam, speramus, quam ttdkuc suis numeris perfecta, cernimus, et idcirco fieri omnia nequeat, ut ad amussim exacteque prius a collegialibus nostris observentur, quam annui eomndem redditus ad earn summam excreverint, qua pradicto totali numero alendo, ceterisque necessariis impensis, et oneribus ferendis sufficiat; illud postremo omnium loco, tanquam colophonem operis, et totius sentential, nostra, scopum certissimum, subjicimus, ad quern illius modi omnia referri debeant, qua com ode adhuc, vel per numeri defectum, vel per redditu inopiam, prastari minime possint, baud esse instituti, aut voluntatis nostra, ut ulterius ilia quenquam oblioent (iniectoconscientia periurii laqueo) quam pro eius. numeri, reddituumque ratione, qua vel, imposterum, per dei gratiam, suo opportuno tempore, a nobis, atque haredibus nostris, concedetur, earn vero utrobique tempore, numero et annuis redditibus, comonam, turn inprasentiarum qua prasens est, turn imposterum (quod speramus) futuram in- violabili fide perpetuo observandam, collegialibus pradictis nostris, omnibus, et singulis, quanta religione possumus, in Domino mandamus, pracipimus, imperamus. 30. Et ne quis, in animis eorundem scrupulus resideat, ex en quod, in statuta, perinde deinceps per nos edenda atque iam edita, sua fidei verba iurati dederint, per addenda huiusmodi sola (et nulla alia) intelligi volumus, qua prasidens eiusdem collegii, una cum assensu libero, et consensu decern sociorum maxime seniorum qui pro tempore erunt, rata habere velit. Atioqui irrita prorsus et pro addendis, nu/lo modo, habenda. LXIX. De Qualitate et circumstantiis eligendorum in Scholares. Quum nihil sit in universa hominum consocietate divinius, nihil' nostra natura aptius, 336 THE HISTORY Otf looking chearful and gay. Glad of an opportunity of shaking off the Presbyterian discipline, which ill accorded with sports and quam in eos liberates esse ac munificos quibus plurimum debere nos arbitramur, nee in ullos arctiori sumus amicitia, ac necessitudinis vinculo ohstricti ac obligati, quam in Londinenses inter quos non solum versati diu et ab ineunte fere atate educati fuimus, sed maximam etiam islorum bonorum ac comodorum 'partem (quibus Dei ope ac misericordia perfruimur) adepti sumus et consecuti, idcirco ilia charitatis ac pictatis quam in nostros cives habemus vnagnitudine permoti, statuimus, ordinamus ac volumus, ut ad hoc nostrum collegium (propriis impensis ac sumptibus fundatum ac dotatum) quadraginta tres scholares paw- periores qui Londini vel suburbiis eiusdem gramaticis operam diligenter impenderint admit- tantur, ac omibus Wis commodis quibus iam eiusdem collegii scholares gaudeant, per- fruantur. Habebunt etiam singula ha scliola Coventrensis, Bristoliensis, et Redensis scholares duos, eorundem omino commodorum ac imunitatum cum reliquis participes. Sit etiam unus h Schola Tunebrttgensi in comilat Cant. Accedant etiam his chorista sex e civitate London ad hoc nostrum collegium evocandi ac eligendi, qui omnes ut sunt perpetuis tempnribus debite successuri sic ab eisdem locis quos iam diximns semper imposterum profecturi, nee aliquem ad scholarinm numerum adscisci ac cooptari volumus, qui non fuerit ab una ex his scholis evocatus ac electus, nee choristam admittimus nisi Londinensem. Ac ut quinquagesimiis ille scholarium numerus habeatur perpetuus ordinem ac modum prascribemus, cui illos omnes temri ac astringi volumus quorum erit nominare, eligere ac admittere aliquos in hoc nostrum collegium scholares vel choristas. Ac cwm omnes Londinenses charos habemus, illos. tamen pracipue' quibus Mercatorum- Scissorum nomen imponitur (e quorum numero.nos esse prqfitemurj singulars benevolentia prosequimur idcirco volumus ut a venerabilibus viris magistro et gardianis Mercatorum- Scissarumfraternitatis sci Johannis Baptists cum consensu assistentium fraternitatis eiusdem una cum preesidentis mil eo absente vice-prasidentis et duorum sociorum maxime seniorum assensu et. consensu assign entur et nominentur perpetua lemporum successione scholares qua- draginta tres, omnes honesth moribus ac vita inte.gritate donati, gramaticis sic instructi ut ad operam dialectics impendendam idonei ac habi/es- reperiantur, in nulla scientia graduati, nee infra annum atatis decimum quartum, nee ultra decimum non-urn non spurii, at qui ut nulla animi labe sic nee aliqua corporis deformitate impediti, Londini vel suburbiis eiusdem aut nati aut gramaticis instructi. Lit hi omnes noientur et e/igantur a venerabilibus viris magistro et gardianis Mercatorum- Scisswu fraternitatis sCi JoKis Baptists, cum consensu usshteutium fraternitatis eiusdem, una cum assensu et consensu pre- sidis aut vice-pra'sidis et duorum seniorum (qui duo seniores ai/nuatim per prasidem et maio- rern partem decern seniorum ad hoc ipsum munus obeundum eligendi sunt.} MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 337 pastimes, they omitted nothing, whereby they might testify their joy at what appeared to them a return of the golden age. And, Atqice his etiamsi liberam damns et spontaneatn quosvis scholares, (habiles ac idoneos ac Londini, vel suburbiis eimdem in gramaticis instructos) ncTiandi ac eligendi potest a tern Cquoties locus aliquis aut plures ex iis qui his quadraginta tribus scholaribus assignantur vacuus extiteritj eos tamen scholares eateris anteponi in omnibus electionibus volumus qui in sckola literaria fraternitatis pradicta in parochia Sci Laurentii Pormtney gramatica ope ram dederint, qua tit scholam mawrem in mod it m prosequimur, quia ab eisdem nuigistro gardianis et assistentibus extructa fuit ac dotata, modo tot apti illic ac ad dialecticam per- cipiendam idonei a pradictis magistro gardianis cum assistentibus et preeside aut vice-praside et duobus senioribus videantur. Quod si in hac schola fraternitatis totidem idonei non reperiantur, eadem evocatio nomi- natio et electio per eosdem coram eisdem fiat e schola literaria de Christ Churche in Hospital* puerorum orphanorum et aliorum pauperum eiusdem civitatis. Sin autem neque illic reperiantur, tunc evocentur et eligantur per eosdem ex omnibus totius civitatis passim ludis literariis quoad numerus Me quadraginta et trium scholarium plenus sit, nee ulla ex parte vacuus. Atque hanc evocationem, noiationem et electionem per eosdem venerabiles viros rnagistrum gardianos et assistentes fraternitatis pradicta, et pra- sidem aut vice-prasidem et duos ex sociis maxime senioribus omni temporum perpetuitate in- violabiliterfirmam et certam esse statuimus iam ordinamus ac volumus. Atque ut pradicti venerabiles viri magister gttrdiani cum assistentibus suas partes in eligendis scholaribus et rectius agere et aptiores ac in granCaticis instructiores nominare possint, duoium utantur eruditissimorum ac doctissimorum virorum consilio quos ., , \, .-. ■■■'.■ x x 2 340 THE HISTORY OF self suffered much^om the fanatical party for his attachment to monarchy, and was sincerely rejoiced at seeing the ancient govern- ment restored in church and state. But his loyalty was not that of a drunken partizan, whose zeal consisted in talking aloud, drinking healths, and anathematizing those who had for twelve years been eating his bread : it was the fidelity which a scholar, a gentleman, and a christian, was proud to pay to his prince on en- lightened and religious principles. Leaving, however, the conduct of this eminent individual to be treated of in the latter part of the work, I shall only observe here, that to his temper and discreet management it was principally owing, that our youth did not so far catch the popular phrensy as to pass from one extreme to ano- ther. The school exhibited a scene of chearful application to business. The boys were studious without being dull, and sedate without affectation. The under-masters lived together on terms Sir Thomas Whit's letter to the colledg- Mr. President and Fellowes, I hartely recomend me unto you, being glad to heare of your welfare, which I pray God long, to contynue, to God's pleasure and to your hart's desire, ffor that my very desire is that the service of Almighty God might be mayntayned to the uttermost of my power. 1 doe therefore will and require you, that the six queristets appointed by my statuts be from tyme to tyme chosen and elected by my president for the tyme being, and the more parte of the term seniors of my colledg, of the most aptestand meetest that may be had for that purpose, without respect of any place or country, so he be borne within England, any statute, l~re, decree, or ordy- naunce^ by me heretofore made to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And yf it please Almighty God to take me out of this transitory lief, before I may putt my hand to my statute booke for the assuraunce hereof, then I charge and commaund you, that you and others that be putt in trust by me to make statuts alter my decease, doe with as convenient speede as may be, make a good and sure statute for the per- fbrmaunce of this my will and entent in that behalf. And keepe this my Tre to de- clare that this is my very deede herein. No more to you at this tyme, but God have you in his keeping. The second day of Ffebruary, in the year of our Lord God, after the computation of the church of England, 1566. Byrne, Thomas White, Knight and Alderman of London. See Register of St. JoJm's Coll No. 1, fol. 56. . MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 341 of. friendship and; harmony in the apartments allowed them by the foundation. The statutes of the school were duly attended to. The cateehism of the church of England resumed its former place and consequence in the plan of education that was adopted. And the company were prevailed upon to erect a library, towards fur- nishing which with books many of their members contributed very considerably.* At the election in 1662, Simon Baylie and Abraham Mark-r land;f and at that in 1663, Jacob Smyth, Joshua Stanley, Tho- mas Dunne, and Edward Waple, were chosen scholars of St. John's :;{: on the latter of which, occasions the examiners were Dr.. * " The worshipful company of the Merchant-Tailors of London, at the motion of their worthy schoolmaster (Mr. Jo. Goad) erected a fair library, and replenished it with store of choice books: some contributing 50 pounds, others too very considerable sums towards it." — Wase's Considerations concerning Free Schools, p. 106. •{• 1VJS. account. X " 11 June, 1663. — Dr. Dukeson and Doctor Buck, two learned devines, whome they entreated to be examiners for the company at this eleccon, whereunto presently after came Dr. Bayly, president of the said colleadg, accompanied with Mr. William Levinz and Mr: John Speed, two sen. fellowes thereof. And then all immeadiately repaired into the schoole, upon whose coming tenn of the principall schollars of the said schoole appointed thereunto pronounced severall oracons, which being ended Mr. Speed, one of the said fellowes, made a speech, and after that they resorted into the chappell againe, when there was.an. examinacon made of the head scholars, and theemes given them, to make exercises upon. Whereupon preparacon was made for dinner, provided by Mr. Sherwood and Mr. Gregory, stewards appointed thereunto, for the entertainement of the m"r, wardens, and assistants of, this, company, the pre- sident, and fellowes, and learned men aforesaid. And after dinner the schollars deli- vered up their exercises made upon the said theame. And upon consideracon thereof by the learned men^. it was agreed that the companie should proceed to theleccon of ffoure schollars to supply the 4 places which the company were informed were vacant in the said colleadg. Whereupon the companies with; the advise of the learned. men, proceeded to the eleccon upon diverse names. Soe the eleccon, by scrutiny and most voices, fell upon Jacob Smyth, Joshua Stanly,, Thomas Dunne, and Edward Waple, to supply the places now void or voidable ; to which eleccon the said president and' 2 sen. fellows gave their full likeing, consent, and approbacon. And there was then, paid and given to the said president and two sen. fellows by way of good will from. 842 THE HISTORY, 0*V " Dukeson, Rector of St. Clement's Danes»f. and Dr. Buck, Rector of> St. James's Garlickhithe.-f? - ■■■>•:.■■■.■ • In 1664-i the election fell upon Samuel Jennings, Isaac Back- house, John James, Charles Rose, and Joshua Las-her.J Early in the following year the attention of the court was drawn to WhetenhalTs will.§ Haying been informed that the divinity lectures, established by that worthy citizen, had not been kept up according to his directions, they appointed a committee to investigate the business for the sake of their scholars. || But the copip ie towards their rideing charges the sume of x"' and soe all departed with good content and likeing." — See minutes of court. * " Ric. Dukeson was doctor of divinity of Cambridge, and being sequestred of this church by the factious and rebellious Presbyterians, because of his orthodox principles, as also plunder'd of his goods, and forced to fly for his own security, refir'd to Oxford, where, in 1645, Aug. 12, he was incorporated in the same degree, and where for a time he exercis'd his function. After the king's return in 1660, he was restor'd to what he had lost, and liv'd several years after in a quiet repose." — NetBcourfs Repertorium, v. i. p. 593. •f " James Buck was afterwards preacher at the Temple: a man of great learning, and of a good old age when he died in 1686."— Newcourfs Repertorium, v.i. p. 368. % MS. account. § See page 194. || " Upon reading of an act of parliament made in the xxi yeare of the reigne Of the late King James over England, &c. for the establishing of three lectures in divinity, in the several parish churches of Blackfryers, London, and St. Swithens, riear London-stone, and at the new erected church at Wapping within the parish of White-Chappell, according to the last will and testament of Thomas Whetenhall, Esq. wherein it is provided that, when the overseers therein named, their heirs, anil assignes should be seized of the lands given by the said will for the maintenance thereof, if they should not bestowe the promts thereof, according to the true intent - and meaning of his said last will and testament, then his will is that the master, and wardens, and assistants of the companie of Merchant-Taylors of London, for the time being, should have, hold, and enioye the said lands, with their appurtenances," and bestowe and distribute the rents, issues, and promts thereof yearly", towards the maintenance* of ffbure schollers taken out of the Merchant-taylors' schoole scituaitti neare London-stone, and to send twoe of theni to Cambridge, and twoe' of them to Oxford, there to be trained up in study of divinity. And this court being- informed MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. S4S either the information proved inaccurate, or difficulties presented themselves which the company could not then surmount, as it does not appear that the committee even made a report on the 'sub- ject. About the same time the txoys acted a play at the hall, "'Love's Pilgrimage," a comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher,* built on a that the said lectures are not -performed, or the' promts of the said lands imployed of bestowed for and towards the maintenance of the said lectures, doth therefore order, and our m~r and wardens, John Ellis, Esq. Mr. Church, Mr. Smarte, Mr. Jenkin, and Mr. Chilcott, or any 3 of them, are desired to meet at such time as pur mr shall ap- pointe, and consider of the said device, and to informe themselves the best they can concerning the same, and to reporte to this courte their opinions therein." — See minutes of court, 1. February, 1665. * " The persons represented in the play. Governor of Barcellona. Leonardo, a noble Genoese, father to Mark Antonio. Don Zanchio, an old lame angry sol- dier, father to Leocadia. Alphonso, a chplexick Don, father to Theodosia. Pjbilippo, son to Alphonso, lover of Leocadia. Marc-Antonio, son to Leonardo. Pedro, a gentleman. and friend to Leo- nardo. Rodorigo, General of the Spanish gal- Jies. Incubo, Bailiff of Castel Bianco. Diego, Host, of Ossuna. Lazaro, Hostler to Diego. Host of Barcellona. Bailiff of Barcellona. . Chirurgepns. Soldiers. Attendapts. Townsmen. Attendants,- WOMEN. Theodosia, daiigh. to J Lovesick ladies Alphonso. \ in pursuit f Leqoadia, daugh. tot M.Anton, Don Zanchio. } Evgenia, wife no ' t «» •-•<.« ub • * " TRfe tfobW tafcfag ridtidd; tfrat seveiall of the Assistants are veiy backwards 1 itt IBbseWBlSg 1 6f monies tow-ai'ds the' faVntshitog the companies library' at Mertirra'ht-Tay 1 - M4' sfcftotile' with bobkeV, ^ottt' thetefofe^ order 1 , that frorti henc'efbtth not peritota snaH bge : daiiittetf [ ot Swtfttife-atf a^srsianTdf this sbbifety, until! U hath subscribed to pay 1 S«ffietiibHife\owaTdfe the fliriiishin^o-f the Said library With book'es, aiid'rtgeis ribt iti ^ttbs&Kbe'ieiiJS than the stirhe of if*- ."—S&tfittiutts ofddttrf,£0 Jurrc, l'66fc f I have riientiorted itithe be^itinVg df tWis Work, that 1 Me£-haiit i -Ta 1 yTo^' sbH6bl w&s <*«yblrshed f in part' 1 of th>#XNb^-o i F ■fUE'Ro^, a" libttSe^efdvigirig t'dttre Dkrfcft* <#Wut«Jffgrr£tn iri' tire time of H^Wry "V til.— Bfi'. B'rSribb; the Me Head master, wrote* aw ode on- this stibject, 4 wHich wiis' spoken iti'the puMiif eYarrnHralioti-ro'biri} called" 10 eH&pef.^&teA&Poe)*;, v. i. f. sil " vJ.rtgni *(k 9* ^j I " It'wasdfi Sunday, the 1 2d 1 of §er> tetofer, abbtit dne d'eitic¥irv trie rifo'rrfirig, that .rl&egari'iri air heap 1 of bavins in a'balcerVhWseyihl^tfdJrrg'-lLane, 'dtfthe e'ast'sideof' $€$ Ir^StWW-HnT, within tert ; houses' of fhamts-Stre'et: ft' Had 1 gotten sftnie 1 - strength erb-distfo^re'd, yet seasonably endtrgH td allow" a nleYcnWt, wild dwelt 'rfefct dtlbv, tirne to remove all his goods, But as'sdorj as it felt the* violent inrpression's of' a stroflg 1 crfst-ribrtb-erist' wind (Whrc'ri had' eddtinded so a Wedk before dh'd as 1'odg afteY, with sdrrie' IJitW idtefmissidi, abd some' afl'ter'atiod of t\v'o di< t rh'ee' points^ leaVirtg A sitiall foi-(5e ro- fmisH the dori^tiest of the honsiff w'hete" : it' 'rtidelved its bihh, iinrne'diiu'eiy directed its greatest strength against the' adja'c'eVit' ones. I'fqViicftly' gVeV rldw't'rfiri 346 THE HISTORY OF And to Goad's activity it is principally; owing, that the contents enough to despise the use of buckets, and was too advantageously seated among nar- row streets to be assaulted by engines: it was, therefore, proposed to the Lord Mayor (Sir Thomas Bludworth, who came before three o'clock) that it would be necessary to pull down some houses to prevent its spreading : but he, with a pish, answering, ' that a woman might it out,' neglected that prudent advice, and was not long ere unde- ceived of the foolish confidence; for, before eight o'clock, it was gotten to the bridge, and there dividing left enough to burn down all that had been erected on it since the last great fire, 1635, and with the main body pressed forward into Thames-Street. About seven o'clock this morning, a little stable in Horseshoe-Alley, near Winchester- Stairs, in Southwark, was a fire (supposed, by a spark) but was stopped within two hours by the pulling down a third house after two had been burnt. I heard nothing of all this till nine o'clock; and then running down* into the Temple Garden saw the snioak of both, and the flames of the former. I wa£ not; satisfied at this distance; but going \eith some others into the street, found it free of people, and those of fears; for it was already jmagined the design of the French and Dutch in revenge of what our forces had lately done at Brandaris, upon the island Schelling; and the riding of an bot headed fellow through the street (with more speed and fear than wit) crying, Arm! Arm! had frigbled most of the people out of the churches. About ten o'clock, we came into Gracechurch-Street, and there, frpni^he top of an high house saw it was come as far westward as Coldharbor, and as far northward as Crooked-Lane. Return- ing homeward, we found a party of forty horse of the Life Guard in Cornhil], and met some companies of the king's regiments, and of the trainbands and auxiliaries 'marching into the city. After dinner, we took boat and rowing towards the bridge, found it come to the Stilyard. Landing at Paul's Wharf, and walking towards the fire, we were stopped in Cannon-Street, by the abundance of goods and carts with which it was filled. Here we met my Lord Mayor on horseback with a few attendants, looking like one frighted out of his wits. The tall-spired steeple of St. Laurence Pountney was then a-fire, which appearing first; at the top (where it had melted the lead with which it was covered) discovered itself with so much terror, as if taking a ■view from that lofty place of what it intended suddenly to devour," — See an original Letter concerning the Fire of London, communicated by Mr. Gough to Mr. Malcolm, who has published it in his Londinium Redivivum, v. iv. p. 73. " The information of Thomas Middleton, chirurgeon, late inhabitant of Si. Bride, London," is one among many proofs which might be laid, before the reader, that the progress of the fire was assisted by incendiaries in different parts of the city, and espe- cially in the neighbourhood of Merchant-Taylors', MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 347 of the newly-established library were in part saved from destruc- tion.* The same high sense of honour and duty, which made Goad not consult for his personal safety till he had removed the greater part of the books, belonging to the school, induced him likewise to con- tinue his instructions to as many of the boys as he could keep to- gether in such a season of general terror and dismay ; in acknow-. ledgment of which, no less than of his former services, the court, on the 8th of February, 1667, voted him, his usual salary .-f, At the same time, they directed an estimate to be made of what it would cost to rebuild the school..]: And, early in June, they ": I, the said Thomas Middleton, do hereby certify, that upon the Sunday, in the afternoone, (the day wherein the dreadful fire broke outin Pudding-Lane, which con- sumed the city), hearing the general outcry that the city was fired by papists and French, I repaired to the top of a church steeple near the Three Cranes in the Vintry, where myself and several others observed the motion of the fire for two or three hours together ; and we all took notice, that the fire did break forth out of several houses, when the houses which were then burning were at a good distance from them every way; and more particularly, I saw the fire break out frdm the inside of Lawrence Pountney steeple, when there ivas no fire near it. This, and such like observations, begat in me a persuasion that the fire was maintained by design." — Malcolms Londinium Redivivum, v. iv. p. 63. * '' These books were, through the great industry of the master, preserved as to the main in the fatal conflagration of that city, and remain a monument of the donors' munificence, still growing to the advantage of the foundation." — Wase's Considerations concerning Free Schools, p. 106. t " The court taking notice of the great care and paines taken by Mr. John Goad, in teaching and instructing of severall youth before the late dreadfull fire, belonging to our schoole in London, doth therefore order, that the said Mr. Goad shall have his usual salary of tenn pounds continued and paid unto him by the upper reuter warden, and for his soe doeing this order to be his discharge." — See minutes of court, 8 Feb. 1667. % " It is ordered, that there be an estimate made of what it will cost to rebuild the companies schoole att St. Lawrence Pounctneys, London, and that it be presented to the next court of assistants to consider thereof." — Ibid. y y 2 $4S TH E H 1 8 TOtt Y OF ' » ' '* took a view of the ground previous to' their receiving fhe esti<- mate.* » On tliis melancholy occasion ptfobably it was, that the necessity suggested itself for application to be made to Mo*)ey,f- Bishop of Winchester, for his permission to hold the next ©'lection at some other place in or near the city ; for, on the 8th of that month, his lordship- being visitor of the school so far as- concerns the ■ election- of its scholars- to St. John s,'+ granted a dispensation to the company under his hand and seal, enabling them to keep the school else- where without forfeiting any advantage conferred upon it by the statutes of Sir Thomas White ;§ in consequence of ( which perniis- s * " 1,^ is. ordered, and the, whole pouit, or any tw °. °£ $SWj> »W desired to. rneete at the, hall qjj Ffriday next, in the aftern,oone ? to, view the. ground where omj late schools, ^tiood, and to compute the charge thereof ; and IVJr. QJive.r to Wftk)? a diftught th£Ke©£ and, an estimate of the charges, and to report tp t,his court then; ©jpyupins, l&etiein,??-TT:§i& iriijijiffs ofcoiift, 1, June, 1667. , , , >...<;■ .^ if?.- ■J; For the life of this respectable prelate, see, the Jjio^gh,!^ Britaflnica, ^ Th,a,t is, the oply pphn in which Merchantj-T/aylors/ school, is sjjbjec-t, to the visits?; tion of the Biishpp. of Winchester. In some resge cfc it must, necessarily he under the jurisdiction qf the Bisljtop-of London. , But with regard, to. nuking, a#d aJtej^g^tfUfiSSi J^c.. the company are undoubtedly their, own. visitors,, a -. § " George, by divine permission, Lord Bishop of Winton, to, the Warshipf«lji tbft Master and Wardens, of trie Merehantailprs anf|| trfpire .^.ssistflB^ sendeth greeting. Whereas tjie statutes of your seboole doe positively, enjoynesdl- ejections of s,ch©llaj» out of the said schoole to St. John's Colledge, in. Qxan, to, be. m^de in, the. chappeUofi the said ma«ter, wardens, and assistants, and that the -^jd sfatute, by. reason of th#, stud eJTappell and. schooles beipg burnt by the late . ^f,ea,4fftl),fir 1 e, cannot at. this nqxt election be observed, nor the, scho,p.le Ujept.Jn. the place nominated and appointed by, the said statutes. I h,^e thought fit, at the petition anf| request of you, the s#idmasT ter, wardens, and assistants, to me. visitor of. the said schoole, to djapenpe with, you* non-observance of the said statute at your next election, and hereby, permit you to make use of any other convenient place in or about the citty of London for that occ»r. sion, arid for ttye. keeping of.yonr schoole in,, tjll.t^e. places, appointed by, the, statutes be rebuilt, provided t,ha.t r noe other thing or, circumstance of. the electipn, nor order, of tbe- schoole, enjoyned by the said statutes^ he by any meanes. omitted ou neglected. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seale this eigth day of June, in the yeare of our Lord 1667, and in the sixth yeare of our translation." merchant-taylors' school. 54$ sten, William Baylie was chosen on St. Barnabas's Day, arid was afterwards admitted at Oxford accordingly.* Where Goad taught his pupils is not now to be discovered. The rujus, of the old building were not even yet removed. And the company's ball, where otherwise the work of education might have been carried on, was still in ashes.-f- It appears, that near another twelvemonth elapsed before any certain place offered itself in the city, where Goad could, conveniently, assemble the whole of hi* scshoJaFs. But, at length, information being given that St. Mary's Graroraar-School, in the parish of St. Andrew IJndershaft, was unoccupied, the master and wardens were, on the 10th of April, 1 6(5,8* ordered to treat with the church-wardens for the use of i,t.^ An»d tk«r,e^ it is most likely the election- in June * MS. account. + " It is ordered, that ou,r master arid wardens are desired to take care to save all the pewter^ iron,^ and lead, that can be found att or about our hali or schoole, untilLthe companie shall depose thereof.."— 5ee mimdes of court, 26 June, 1667- J. " This court being informed, that the schoole. in St,. Mary Axe is void, it is there- fore ordered,, that «, that Mfr.., Goad may teach the companies soholaitsv there ljrjjtill the companies schools he built, or a, better Gonveniency may be found for tyr.Qpa.d ,"-?^Se,e minutejs. of court, 10 April, ] 668. §; St, Mary's Grampiar^Sqhoo] was a room over the burial place belonging to the inhabitants of St, Apdrew's Underahafty which was the site of the ancient churchi of §t. Mary at A$e; the master of which school was to be nominated by the rectory •church-wardens, and parishioners, in order to be licensed by the bishop, andwas to teach fpur poor children, of the. parish gratis, in consideration of lii& enjoying the said; room rent-free^.. But that the reader may know more of a school, which offered an asylum tp the outcast, muses of Merchant-Taylors', and may be disposed to lament with me the present state of what was designed by Bishop Juxon to be a free grammar- scbopl for ever, I, shall here subjoin " ,An Instrument for the confirming of part of tlie ground where the chwth of S. Mary, at Axe, now demolish 7 d, stood, for a burial place for, and to the. use of the parishioners' of S. Andrew lfnder shaft, Lonekni, emd for erecting a' free grammar-school upon the said ground. " William, by the Providence of God,, Bishop of London, to our well beloved in Christ, Henry Mason, Bachelour of Divinity, Parson of the Parish Church of S. An-.- 350 THE HISTORY OF took place, when William Gibbons was chosen scholar of St. John's.* drew Undershaft, in the city of London, of our diocese and jurisdiction of London, and to the churchwardens and parishioners of the same parish, and to all others whom these presents do, shall, or may, concern, sendeth greeting, in our Lord God ever- lasting. Whereas you, the said Henry Mason, and the churchwardens, and divers of the better sort of the parishioners of the same parish, have signify'd unto us, by wsy of petition, under your hands, and have also alledg'd and signify'd before the right worshipful Mr. Arthur Duck, Doctor of Laws, our chancellor, that, in the year of our Lord God 1561, and in the 4th year of our late sovereign Queen Elizabeth, the parish church of S. Mary at Axe, in the city of London, with the assent and con- sent <5f the then parson of S. Andrew Undershaft, and parishioners of both parishes, . the parish church of S. Mary at Axe, being then destitute of an incumbent or curate, and by the authority of the right reverend Father in God, Edmund Grindall, then Lord Bishop of London, one of our predecessors, was united; annexed, incorporated, and appropriated unto the parish church of S. Andrew Undershaft aforesaid, together with all and singular rights and appurtenances thereunto belonging, and that the parish- ioners and inhabitants of the parish of S. Mary at Axe should from thenceforth repair unto the parish church of S. Andrew Undershaft aforesaid as to their own parish church, and that the church and church-yard of S. Mary at Axe was assigned and reserved for a burial place for and to the use of the parson and parishioners of S. An- drew Undershaft aforesaid, perpetually for the time to come; and you have further alledged and signify'd that the said church of S. Mary at Axe since the said union, falling into decay, was afterwards converted to profane and common uses, which you have lately caused to be reformed, and that you intend and desire that the lower part of the said church of S. Mary at Axe (which you purpose to have paved with tiles) may be assign'd and again restored and ovder'd to be for a burial place, for the use of the parishioners of your said parish, perpetually for the time to come ; and that over the floor or pavement of the said church there may be a room built and made, which ' may be assigned and ordered to be a gram mar-school ; and our said chancellor having view'd the same church, hath found it convenient for the uses aforesaid. And you have further alledged and signify'd, that you having first obtain'd our leave, have accordingly built an upper room, over the floor or pavement of the said church, at your own proper costs and charges, which you intend and desire may be a gram- mar-school for the bringing up and instructing the children of the parishioners, for the time being, for ever; and that you intend that' four poor children of your said parish of S. Andrew Undershaft from time to time shall be taught gratis, and that m consideration thereof the master and another above it. There belong to the hospital a chappel and a chaplain, who: is. to- read prayers everyday, morning and/evening, except on days when publicly prayers ane said in the church, whither they are then obliged to resort. The salary to the chap- MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 355 was appointed treasurer.* On the 20th, a contract was entered into for the carpenter's work,-f- and on the 27th for the bricklayer's lain isc£lO yearly. The boys,. when they go out from the school, which is at 17 o,r 18 years of age, have £3 to buy them cloaths; and, seven years after, if not married* and have a good character, are allowed £7 more and an angel ; and the girls the same. The said poor folks and children have their cloathes given them every Midsummer- day, when they all in order walk round the court, and sing the Psahn, Blessed is the man that careful is, &c. And then they repair to the church, where the chaplain reads the prders to them. " In the same town also is more lately erected a very fair, spacious, and noble struc- ture for a free school, and an habitation for the masters; the said Sir William Turner having left by will £6O0O for the building and endowing of the same, the master's salary being an £\00 a year, and 1 the usher's c£50. Mr. William Oakly, of New Col- lege, Oxon, was appointed the first master there, and Mr, Forder, usher. Chejmley Turner, Esq. nephew and heir of Sir William Turner, sole patron. " The said generous and christian benefactor lies interred under a comely toinb, out the north side of the churchyard of the said church of Kirk-Leedham. The inscrip- tion shews his quality, and at the bottom a verse taken out of the Psalms, He hath du~ persed abroad, he hath given to the poor, his righteousness endurethfor ever. " Add to the rest, that he gave divers large pieces of jsilver plate to the said parish church, for the use of the communion. "Memorandum, Sir William Turner fined for' alderman before Alderman Starling, who held sheriff the year before him. But Turner was mayor the year before Starling, his seniority of alderman being reckoned according to his fining."; — Stow 7 s Survey, b. v. p. 147. * " It is ordered, and our master and wardens, Sir William Turner, Knight and AWerntan, Patience Ward, Esq. and Alderman Sir William Bolton, Knt. Walter Pell, John Ellis, Nicholas Delves, Benoni Honiwood, Edmund Lewin, Allen Cliffe, Thoma* Plampin, John Foster, Esqrs. Mr. Smart, Mr. Bret, Mr. Allot, and Mr. Bushell, or any ffive of them are desired to meele at the hall next Munday, by eight of the clock in the morning, to procure a draught for the building of the schoole at St. Lawrence Pounctneys, and to present the same to the next court of assistants. And it is further ordered, that Sir William Turner, Knt. and Alderman, be treasurer for the same."— See minuies of court, 1 1 January, 1671- f " It is this day ordered, that Joseph Avis, carpenter, citizen and Merchant-Tay- lor of London, shall have, for the carpenter's worke in the companies schools at St. Lawrence Pounctneys "the rates following, viz. ffor girders, 12 inches by 16; Joyces, 8 by SJ ; the ffirst fflaare being of oake, ffive and ffifty shillings the square. Roofing, rafters of oake, 7 by 10, purloines, ffive and fforty shillings. Windows, 5 ,h - for every zz2 356 THE HISTORY OP and smith's.* And so readily did Mews, who had succeeded Bay- lie in „tbe headship of St. John's, and others who had been edu- cated at the school, come forward with their subscriptions,-^ that in a few months the treasurer was enabled to advance money to the workmen on account of what they had done.J The chapel, however, not being yet completed, the election was held once more at the hall, where, on the 11th of June, after an examination by the Dean of Lichfield and Dr. Dukeson, Richard Battersby, John FitzUerbert, and Stephen Harvey, were chosen scholars of St. John's. The vice-president, and the fellows who accompanied him, assented to the election. After which the, com- pany gave them the increased " sume of twelve pounds towards theire riding charges." § light 5 foote wide, 10 foote high, 6 lights in a window 7 by 5 ; for lintelhng l sli - a foote ; particons, xx sh - per square, 5 by 7 ; for doores, 12 ih - a peice. Lutherne lights in the roofe, 4 foote square, l u - x sh - a-peece ; for guttering, 1:6a foote." — See minutes of courts ,20 January, 1671. 1 * " It is this day ordered, that Joseph Lem, the companies bricklayer, do build the companies schoole, the master's house, and usher's lodgings, witbxthe appurtenances,, situate in Suffol fee-Lane, with good and well burnt bricks and workemanlike, for ffive pounds per rod, and for the chimneys and tiling of the building aforesaid, should referre himselfe to a court of assistants of this company what hee should have for the same, and submit thereunto, and to be finished by or before the first of September next, which. he promised to do accordingly. And the said Mr. Lem is to have all . . " It is .this day ordered, that William Barton, one of the livery of this society, shall do all the smyth's worke at the schoole, he promising here in court to referre himselfe to the court of assistants what rates he shall have for the doing thereof." — See minutes of court, 27 January, 1671. ■f " It is thought fitt and so ordered, that there be a letter sent by our master and wardens unto the president of St. John's, returning him thankes for his free oontribucon, for the- rebuilding of the schoole, desiring him to promote the same, perswading such other persons as he shall thinke fit to contribute towards the same." — See minutes of court, 24 February, 1671. N J " It is thought fit and so ordered, that Sir William Turner, Knt. Alderman,. and treasurer for the rebuilding of Merchant-Taylors' schoole, do pay unto Joseph Avis* carpenter, and Joseph Lem, bricklayer, one hundred pounds a-peice in. part for worke done atthe schoole."— See minutes of court, 6 April, 167 1 . .^ " June, 1671. The companies gramar schoole, late of St. Laurence Pounctneys, MERCHANT-TAYLORS 5 SCHOOL. 357 But no sooner was Alderman Ward raised to the office of master of the company,* than still more vigorous measures were adopted for carrying, on the building. Nor were the court at all backward in taking care that proper materials were used in the work, and that the money contributed by the friends of the school was prudently London, was visited and examined on Saturday, the day before St. Barnabas Day. — The master and wardens observing the order of their predecessors, haveing about a month before by letters, put the president and senior ffellowes of St. John's Col.ledge, in Oxon, in remembrance of the said day, desiring them to ioyne, with the companie in the eleccon of scholars to such places as should be void, and certify the number. To which fres the companie rece~d answer of their resolucons and intencons to come and ioyne in the said eleccon and examinacon, as by the said answer more at large ap peareth. Whereupon the companie, according to thei re accustomed manner* met in theire hall on the Saturday aforesaid, together with Dr. Smallwood, deane of Litch- 4 feild, and Dr. Dukeson, two learned divines, whom they intreated to be examiners for the companie at this eleccon. . Presently after came Dr. Mews, president, and Dr. Taylor, vice-presidenty of the said colledge, accompanied with Mr. Perrot and Mr. Dickenson,, two senior ffellowes thereof, and then all imediately repairing to the upper end of the hall, and nine of the principall scholars of the said schoole appointed thereunto, pronounced severall. pratious, which being ended, Mr. Dickenson, one of the said ffellowes, made a speech; and after that they resorted into the parlor, where there was an examinacon made of the head scholars, and themes given to make ex- ercises upon. Whereupon preparacons was made for dinner by Mr. Smith and Mr. Damaske, stewards appointed thereunto, for the entertainement of the master, wardens? and assistants, of this companie, the president, senior ffellowes, and learned men afore- said. And, after dinner, the schqlars delivered up their exercises made upon the said themes, and then the companie departed and met againe this day, and upon con- sideracon thereof by the learned men, it was agreed that the company should proceed to the eleccon of three scholars to, supply the three places which the company were in- formed were vacant in the said coJledge. Whereupon the company, with the advise of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon upon divers names. So the eleccon, by scruteny and most voices fell upon Richard Baltersby, John Ffitzherbeit, an d Stephen Harvey, to supply the places now void. To which eleccon, the vice-president and two senior ffellows gave the full liking, consent, and approbacon. And there was then paid and given to. the said vicepresident and two senior ffellows, by way of good will from the said company, towards theire riding charges, the same of twelve pounds, and so all. departed with good content and liking."— See minutes of court.. * In July, 1671. 358 THE HISTORY OF expended.* Thomas Wardall, Esq. one of the assistants, gave the sum of twenty pounds ;-f- and William Baynbrigg, Esq. who had past the chair, left a legacy of sixty poundsj towards the advance- ment of the fabrick. And, it is highly probable, from an inscrip* tion in one of the windows of the chapel, that a considerable pro- gress was made by the election in June, 1672, a little before the * " It is ordered, and the wardens are desired to veiwe the scantlings of timber for the schoole, and to measure the bricklayer's worke, calling to theire assistance whome they shall think fit, and that the iron worke of the schoole be weighed from time to time by such persons as the wardens shall appoint. " It is ordered, that the smyth do bring a noate in writing of the severall peeces of- iron worke to be used in the rebuilding of the school, and the price thereof, against the next court of assistants." — See minutes of court, 7 July, 1671. . " Upon the peticon of Andrew Hal, citizen and plasterer of London, thecourte doth thinke fit to choose and admit the said Andrew Hal to do all the plasterers worke be- longing to the company, provided he will do the same as cheape as any other will, and referre himselfe to the court of assistants for the prices thereof, whidh he promised here in court to submit unto." — See minutes of court, 4 August, 1671. " It is ordered, and the former comittee appointed for the rebuilding of the com- panies schoole, at St. Laurence Pounctneys, London, are desired to veiwe the building on Ffriday next, at three of the clock in the afternoone, and to give such order to the workemen for theire proceeding therein as they shall thinke fit, and to report to this court how they find the same, and theire opinions therein.'' — See minutes of court, 11 August, 1671. f " This day, Thomas Wardall, Esq. paid in court twenty pounds which he freely gave for and towards the rebuilding of the companies school at St. Laurence Pount- neys." — See minutes of court, 0,5 August, 1671. J Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the last will of William Baynbiigg, Esq. late of the parish of Saint Giles in the Fields, in the county of Middlesex, deceased, dated 3d July, 167^, is as fol- lows: — " Towards the finishing of Marchant-talors Scole, £60." " ft is thought fitt, and so ordered, that the legacy of threescore pounds, given by the will of William Baynbrigg, Esq. late an atincient master of this society, for and towards the rebuilding of the companies school in London, be discounted with the executors, upon the severall bonds owing to them under the comoh seale of this society, and new bonds to be sealed to them under the comon seale of this society, for the remander that shalbe due to them." — See minutes of court, 14 April, 1^76. MERCHANTVTAYLORS' SCHOOL. 359 expiration of Ward's mastership,* on which occasion, Godfrey Shuttlewood was chosen scholar of St. John's.-)* In the course of a few weeks afterwards the workmen were ordered to send in their billsj for what they had already done, that the company might judge how far the money, which had been subscribed, would go towards defraying the whole of the expense; and a committee was appointed to audit Sir William Turner's accompt of receipts and disbursements for rebuilding the school, and Colonel ETevill's accompt for furnishing the library with books.§ The former was attended with no difficulty, but the lat- * A° 1666. SACELLUM HOG SCHOLA AC iEDIFICIA Oontigua Urbis LONDINI Incendio consuinpta secundioribus auspiciis et PATRONORUM inprimis-MER. CATORUMasingulari munificentia Faeliciter INSTAURANTUR CL. viro PAT. WARD Armig. et Senators LGN. DIN atnplissimaeMERC Sciss. Soc. Praeside. In the other compartment of the same window is a dial with the motto LUMEN UMBRA DEI ; and in the other windows, proceeding westward, . are the arms of the company,, of ' James'Smith,. Master, 1700/ of, * Pat. Ward, Esq. Aid" and M 1 1672,' and of ' Walter PeJl, Esq. and M r 1650.' •f* MS. account. J " It is thoughtfit, and so ordered, that all the workemens' bills for the hall and school be brought in, that this court may consider thereof." — See minutes of court, 28 June, 1 672. § " This day, Sir William Turner, Km. and AkTn, presented to this court an ac- compt of all receipts and disbursements for and towards the rebuilding of the schools house in Suffolke-Lane, and his vouchers, for the said disbursement. Whereupon, it is ordered, that the said accompt be audited when the master and wardens accompts are audited. For which purpose was chosen Sir William Turner, Knt. and Alderman, Sir William Bolton, Knt. John Ellis, Nicolas Delves, Benoni Honiwood, John Mellisb; Edmund Lewin, Edward Nash, Allane CHfFe,, William Baynbrig, Henry Ashurst, Thomas Polhill, John,. Ffoster, Esqrs. Mr. Church, Mr. Nevil,Mr. Withers, Mr. Smartj Mr. Bret, ,sen~r, Mr. Bewley, Mr. Russell, Mr. HaJJaoi, Mr. Bushell, Mr, Kay> Mr* Strange, and Mr. Short, who, or any ffive of them, are desired to audit the last master 366 THE HISTORY OT ter, for want of proper vouchers, was at best too loosely stated to be accurately or speedily adjusted.* In consequence of which the court were occupied, in various meetings, on the business for several months afterwards.^ On the 11th of June, in 1673, Francis Harding, George Freman, and Jacob Thompson, were elected to St. John's..]: In the follow- ing mouth, when Goad was re-elected according to the course which had obtained since the time of Hayne, a person of the name of Bacon was put in nomination with him.| But whether this was merely a matter of form, or Goad was beginning to fall and renter-warden's accompts, and the audit-day to be this day ffortnight. And it is further ordered, and the auditors are desired to meet this day sevenight at the hall, and to peruse and examine the subscriptions for and towards the rebuilding of the hall school, and for books for the library, and Collonel Nevill's accompt for the same, and likewise they are desired to put the accompts in a methodicall way." — See minutes of court, 2 July, 1672. * " This day our master acquainted this court that Mr. Nevil had been with him. in the forenoone, and declared that he thought it unreasonable that the vouchers for bookes for the library of about 11 yeares standing should be desired; but any person that was dissatisfied therein may go to the severall booksellers menconed in his accompts there to be bought, and by theire bookes might be further satisfied therein." — See minutes of court, 12 July, 1672. + " It is ordered that Patience Ward, Esq. Aid. and last master, John E\lis^ Nicholas Delves, Benoni Honiwood, Allane Cliffe, and Henry Ashurst, Esqrs. or any three of them, are desired to audit Collonel Nevil's accompt concerning monies re- ceived and paid for the companies library belonging to theire schoole in Suffolk-Lane, London, and to report to this court how they find the same." — See minute's of court, 18 October, 1672. " It is ordered, and the former comittee appointed to peruse and examine Collonel Nevile's accompt for the companies library at theire scHioole in London, do meete at the hall, on Thursday next, by nine of the clock in the forenoone, arid peruse and examine the same, and to report to this court how they find the same and theire opi- nions therein." — See minutes of court, 22 Nov. 1672. J MS. account. § " Afterwards the court proceeded to the eleccon of other officers upon these names :■ — John Goad and John Bacon for chiefe schoolmaster of the companies jjra- mar-school at St. Laurence Pounctneys, London. Whereupon the choice, by most voices, fed upon John Goad to cheife school-master of St. Laurence Pounctneys, London, for one whole year now next ensuring." — See minutes of court, 18,July, 1673. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 361 in the opinion of the court, cannot now be ascertained. In the beginning of October, the workmen's bills were adjusted and dis- charged as far as the ability of the committee extended.* But, as the subscriptions already received were not equal to the finish- ing of what had been so well begun, a court was called for the 5th of November, to consider the best means of raising money for the purpose. At this meeting it was determined that the most expedient method was by pushing the contribution with increased activity. And that the example of the gentlemen who composed the court of assistants might not be wanting, many of them im- mediately put down their subscriptions with a spirit of generosity, that reflected much honour 1 upon them .-J- * " It is ordered, and the former comittee appointed to examine the workemen's bills, are desired to examine all the workemen's bills concerning the school, and adjust and settle the same/' — See minutes of court, 3 October, 1673. + " This court, being called on purpose to consider how to raise money to rebuild the companies school in Suffolk-Lane, London, and after severall serious debates therein, finding no v waies more expedient then by subbscripcons from the assistants of this society, and such other as shall be pleased to subscribe to so good and cha- ritable worke. Whereupon these severall persons particularly subscribed to pay for and towards the rebuilding of the same school, the severall and respective sumes fol- lowing, viz. * SirWm. Prichard, Knt. Alder- man, and Master . . . .100 Sir Wm. Turner, Knt. and Al- derman 100 . Patience Ward, Esq. and Al- derman ........ 100 John Ellis, Esq 20 Nicholas Delves, Esq. ... 15 Benoni Honiwood, Esq. . . 10 Henry Ashurst, Esq. ... 40 John Ffoster, Esq 20 Mr. John Bewly 8 Robert Sewell, Esq 5 Mr. John Soame 7 Mr. John Hal I am . . Mr- Henry Amy . . Mr. John Accod . . Mr. John White . . . Mr. Ffrancis Manby . Mr.ThomasFframpton Mr. John Wallis . . Mr. Thomas Neville . Mr. John Pointer . . Mr. John Taylor . . Mr. John Short . . Mr. Robert Mallory . Edmund Lewin, Esq. Mr. John Kay . . • 3 A £ 8 5 5 5 10 5 10 6 13 10 5 JO 5 10 10 d. O 4 3gU tfufc in story bf *" More than eight years had elapsed sitice the attention of the company had b^eri first drawn to the reversion of Whetenhall's benefaction, on the ground that the primary object of his piety had been neglected by the trustees.* And, on the 12th of No- v^rnbitJr, their thoughts were again turned to the consideration )ilu ■£ " It is ordered, ahd the whole court, or any ffive of them, are desired to meete this aftertroOne'at ffive - of the clock, at the school, and to give order for doores and other necessary things there to be done for the finishing of the said school." See mi- mitts of court, 2 July, 1675. merchant-Taylors' school. 367 moveable ehaires of wainscot with turning tables to write upon, iar the three ushers, and locks and keyes for the ushers' cham- bers."* And, on the 26th of November, Sir William Turner, who had kindly acted as treasurer for the rebuilding of the school during the whole progress of the work, rinding the business which had iaeen entrusted to him brought to a happy conclusion, paid the trifling balance remaining in his hands, after settling all the accompts, to the master of the company ; out of which, gratuities were given to the officers of the court who had had the trouble of collecting the subscriptions and handing them over from time to time to the treasurer.-f- Thus, on the ruins of the old school rose the new,J a long and spacious 'building, supported on the eastern side by a number of stone pillars, forming a handsome cloister, within which are apart- ments for the three ushers or under masters. Adjoining to the school is the library, supported in like manner by pillars of stone. South of t an " additional quarteridge,"* as it was called, was allowed by the company ; for, it having been referred to the school committee " to setle the flees and allowances to be for the future taken and rece"d by the high master and uslvers,"^- it is recorded, that the ushers, mistaking the recommendation of the committee for an order of court, had received the additional quarterage before the report was confirmed ; but the principle having been admitted, the anticipation was excused, and the court proceeded in their revision of every thing connected with the school.j In June, 1678, Charles Tadlow and William Davies were elect- unto, and is to continue therein and to enioy the same, togeather with all benefits and advantages thereunto belonging, lately enioyed by the said Mr. Phillips, during the companyes pleasure and noe longer." — See minutes of court, 6 March, 1638. * More generally known by the name of breaking-up-money. f See minutes of court, 22 December, 1675. J " This court, being informed that the ushers of the companies school, London, had rece'd the additional quarteridge before the report for the receiving the same was confirmed, and the direccon of the court was desired how the same should be disposed of. Whereupon, and after debate therein, doth think fit .and so order, that for the en- couragement of the said ushers in their severall and respective places, they shall have the said monies to their own proper use, and that which is remaining in Mr. Goad's hands of the said additional quarteridge, be equally divided amongst them. And upon mocon of Mr. Warden Wallis, it is further ordered, that there be three presses forth- with made in the said ushers' chambers, not exceeding nine pounds. Mr. Warden Wallis to give order for the same, and this order to [be] his warrant for the same. This day the report concerning the regulacon of the school was read, and ordered that Mr. Goad have the perusal thereof, and amended where hee shall think fitt, before the same be confirmed."— See minutes of court, 9 May, 1677. " This day the report concerning the school at St. Laurence Pounctneys, London, was read, and is ordered to be carried to Mr. Goad, and he is desired to make such amendments and alterations therein as he shall think fitt, and to present the same to the court."— See minutes of court, 25 May, 1677. 3 n a 372 THE HISTORY OF ed scholars of St. John's.* Soon after, the clerkship of the com- pany falling vacant, the company availed themselves of that cir- cumstance to fix by a table the fees and perquisites which the new clerk should receive, " without further expectance or demand," not only in respect of the more private affairs of the society, but also in reference to the concerns of the school .-j- And on St. Bar- nabas's Day, 1679, from which time the June Probation has been entirely discontinued,;]: the election to St. John's fell upon Stephen Heath, Edward Combe, George Pigott, John Smith, and Francis Lee.§ * MS. account. f " October 4, 1678. A table of the perquisites, certaine and contingent, belong- ing to the new clerke that shall be chosen, which he is to receive without fur- ther expectance or demand. Ffor every scholars admission tickett 000 : 01 ; 00 Ffor the election of every scholar from the school, at the discretion of theire friends Ffor drawing a peticon for the head master's place in the companies " - school in London 000 : 02 : 06 If obtained to pay more OCO : 10 : 00 Ffor a peticon for an usher's place in the companies school in London 000 : 01 : 00 If obtained then to pay more ' 000 : 05 : 00 " Friday, November the 29th, 1678. " This paper of perquisites and benefits to be inserted in a table was, in a full court, read and approved, and ordered accordingly to be inserted." J The following remarks on the irregularity of the probations between 1665 and 1679 are from the pen of the late Mr. Bishop. — " 1665. No probation in Sep. and Dec. this year, on account, probably, of the great plague. — 1666. Only one probation this year, on account, probably, of the fire of London. — 1667. The June probation contains only the sixth form, considered, probably, as candidates for the electioni — In 1672, the September probation resumes .the old appearance. — 1679- The June probation, which in the last fourteen years was either omitted or contained only a list of the sixth form, in the manner of the present printed election' papers, appears to have been entirely discontinued from the year 1679"— Wshop's MSS. § MS. account. MERCHANT-TAVLORS' SCHOOL. 373 Next occurred an instance of the difficulty with which workmen are sometimes prevailed on to despatch the business, of reparation, when the person whose comforts are affected is not the party to whom they look for payment. In the beginning of July, Goad, who had suffered much inconvenience from a defect in the water- course at the school, procured an order from the court to have it rectified.* But such was the inattention of the bricklayer through the remainder of the summer and autumn, that, on the setting in of the winter, he was obliged to make a second application to the company. In the mean time the court had formed a design of supplying with books such of the gratis scholars, as could not be furnished with them by their friends, and therefore directed Goad to make a return of his boys, describing their rank in the school, and the situation of their friends in life.-f- On all which points, he addressed a letter to the court through the master, on the 7th of November.;]; In consequence of which, an immediate • * " Upon reading. of a letter from Mr. John Goad, the companies cheife school-, master of their school in London, it is ordered, and the wardens with Mr. Lem, are desired to viewe the water-course at the said school, and to give such order for the amending and repairing of the same as they shall thinke fitt." — See minutes of court, 9 July, 1679. t " It is ordered, that Mr. John Goad, high school master of the company's school in London, do present unto the next court of assistants the names of such of the gratis scholars in the companies school, and iheir father's names, trades, aud places of habita- tion, and that, likewise, the clerke of this .society do present unto this court, what the company have in cash to be bestowed in bookes for the library there, whereby this court may further consider thereof." — See minutes of court, 8 October, 1679- " It is ordered, that Mr. John Goad, cheif school master of the companies school in London, do present unto this court in writing, the number of the scholars in every forme there. And, also the names of the Merchant-Taylors' sons scholars there." — See minutes of court, 24 October, 1679. J " Most honoured master, " I humbly renew my request to your worship, with the rest of my worthy patrons, concerning the repaire of your good howse, which Mr. Lem [the bricklayer] is not so forward to hearken to, without order from the worshipful court of assistants, 374 THE HISTORY G¥ orderwas given for the repairs of the school-house;* and to give time, in all probability, for carrying their charitable designs into execution, especially as the school was more than full,-]* it was nor can I hitherto prevaile with him to attend the court in order to such most neces- sary and much requested repaire, ffor not only our conveyance for the water used in our household affaires being lame and imperfect, hath put to us fresh charges even since my last addresse to your worships, but also the defect of our tyling is so greate, that we have been washed 4 or 5 times in our bed-chambers, the rain finding its way through 2 or 3 mowers under it. I should be counted an impudent and most immo- dest craver, if I should beg your favour for a hatch to our door, to secure us from rob- bers, who have smarted under them severall times, their accesse being easy to us nnder pretence of admission of a scholar. But I am silent as to that, least I should incurre the character of a bold beggar; I hope you will interpret all for the best, and if you . sb&H thinke fitt to give order for the attendance of Mr. Lem, or otherwise, we shall hope to have effectual redresse of the fformer grievances, which is to be requested from noe others but yourselves, the founders and noble maintainers of your own ffoun- dacon. " As to your charitable designe of supplying those gratis scholars who are not able to find bookes at their own cost, there are not many who will own their low condicon so ffarr. I find, notwithstanding, one Grey, a barber's son, on Colledge-Hill; one' Cummins, a poor chaire-woman's son ; Harrison, a widdow's son, in Carter-Lane ; Per- kinsdn, a tailor's son, in Sermon-Lane; one White, recomended to us by Esq. Delves; and Rea, the son of Roger Rea, of the livery of the companie. For these, or any more as they appeare, wee will faithfully dispose of your charity to a mite, as be- cometh him who in all things desires to approve himself, " Most honoured master, " Your worship's humble and faithful servant, " John Goad. " Postcriptof more indigent officers. — Baskervile, in Bush-Lane; Harford, a sales- man's son, in Queene-Streete ; Price, a widdow's son, known to Mr. Proby ; Nelson, a widdow's son, (who works to the Change,) in Bell-Alley ; Pugh, recommended by Sir William Prichard." * " Whereupon it is thought fitt, and so order, and Mr. Warden Grey is desired to give order for the repaire of the said school-howse and hatch to be made, so soone as conveniently may be done." — See minutes of court, 7 Nov. 1679. •f The number of boys, which, for the last five years, had exceeded the statutable complement, amounted, in September 1679, to 327. — See Register of the School's Pro- bation, v. ii. p. 724. MEKCHAS^>TAY:LOIlS , SCHOOL. 3?5 resolved, on the 21st of January, 1680, to suspend the admission of scholars tillafter the following Lady Day.* Meanwhile, Anthony Death, who was probably the last sur- viving scholar of Hayne, died in ther {Jlst year of his age, be- queathing to certain trustees all his freehold houses in the parishes of St. Botolph Aldgate, St. Sepulchre, and St. Mary Magdalen Bermondsey, together with all the residue of his property, on con- dition that they should pay to the masters of Mercers' School, Merchant-Taylors', and Christ's Hospital, the yearly sum of three pounds six shillings and eightpence apiece for the teaching of six capable children from the parish of Allhallows Barking, the pre- cinct of St. Catharine's near the Tower, and the hamlet of East- Smithfield, being two children of each place at each school ; two or more of which scholars were every two years to be sent to the university, to each of whom was to be paid five pounds at his going to college, six pounds per annum while an undergraduate, and eight pounds per annum till eight years standing from ma- triculation, the additional forty shillings per annum being for ap- parel; but on failure of candidates from the privileged districts, the benefits of the will were to devolve to other boys at, the same schools.-f * " It is thought fit, and so ordered, that not any scholars be admitted, into the companies grarnar school, London, until after Lady day next."— See minutes of court, 21 January, 1680. f Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the will of Anthony Death, dated the 7th February, 1679, are the words fol- lowing :— " In the name of God, Amen ! I, Anthony Death, of London, Clerk, being of sound mind and memory, do make and declare my last will and testament, in manner fol- lowing, vizt. my soul I give. to God that gave it; my body to the earth, to be de- cently buried at the parish church of Allhallowes Barking, London, by my executors hereinafter named ; and for my worldly estate I dispose thereof as followeth ; that is to say, I give unto my loving and trusty ffriends Charles Watts, apothecary, Robert Garret, clerk, John Thompson, weaver, and Thomas Heath, gentlemen; and to their 376 THE HISTORY OF Levinz, who had succeeded Mews in the headship of St. John's, having claimed aright of disposing of Ffysshe's batlings, the com- heirs for ever, all those my • ffreehold houses, with the appurtenances, at Tower-Hill, the Lesse, in that part of the parish of Saint Botolph without A Id gate, London, which is in the county of Middlesex, now or late in the occupations, of Edward Sussex and Thomas Gresham, their under-tenants or assigns : and all those my houses, with the appurtenances, in that part of the parish of Saint Sepulchres without Newgate, London, which is in the county of Middlesex ; which last mentioned premises are now, or late were, in lease to the said John Thompson:, and all my freehold mes- suages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, in the parish of Saint Mary Magdalen, Bermondsey, in the county of Surry, near the Ax at the Dock-head, with .all the rents and profits thereof: And all' and every my messuages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments whatsoever, whether ffreehold or copyhold, to hold to the said Charles Watts, Robert Garrett, John Thompson, and Thomas Heath, their heirs and assigns, for ever, in trust nevertheless to and for the uses, intents, and purposes hereafter expressed ; that is to say, that they shall receive and take the rents and profits of the same, and therewith shall for ever, after my decease, pay unto the several school- masters, for the time being, officiating in the several schools belonging to the worship- ful company of Mercers', the worshipful, company of Merchant-Taylors', and the governors of Christ's Hospital, London, respectively, the yearly sum of ten pounds, vizt. three pounds six shillings eight pence apiece, of lawful money of England, half yearly, to be paid at our Lady-day and Michaelmas every year, for the teaching of six capable children of pensioners, or other poor people, inhabiting in the parish All- hallowes Barking, London, the precinct of Saint Catherines, near the Tower of Lon- don, and the hamlet of East-Smithfield, in the county of Middlesex ; vizt. two chil- dren of each place at each school, being before hand so taught as to be ready for the grammar, and to be fitted from the said schools for one of the universities of Cam- bridge or Oxford ; but if, at any time, there shall not be two such in each of the said three places, then the same may be supplied out of any the said three schools : And further, I will that, by the said rents and profits^ my said trustees, their heirs and assigns, shall put out or send to one of the said universities, every two years, two or more schollars belonging to East-Smithfield, St. Catherine, and Allhallows Barking, when they shall be seventeen years of age at the least, and able to do their school's exercise, verse and prose, in Greek and Latin, at the said schools, or any of them: And if there shall be no such of those places, that they send out from the said schools of Christ Church, Merchant-Taylors, and Mercers', such of the poor schollars of either or any of the said schools, as shall miss of preferment at some college in either of the said universities, which shall be found most fit: And that, with the overplus merchant-Taylors' school. 377 pany, on the eve of St. Barnabas's Day explained to him on what ground they exercised the right.* The president was satis- of the said rents, if any shall be, and such ready money as I shall leave^ my debts and ffimeral charges being first deducted, the said trustees^, being also my executdrs, their heirs, executors, aduf tors, and assigns, shallpurchase lands or tenements, being {Freehold, to the value of fforty pounds per annum, or as far as the same will extend ; and shall receive and pay out of the surplusage of the rents and profits of the pre- mises hereby devised, and so to be purchased in manner and form following; that is to say, towards the maintenance of die said schollars, which shall be so sent to either of the said universities, so as there shall be but three at one time there, to each of them rfive pounds apiece at their sending, and six pounds apiece per annum until their respective commencing batchelors of art, and eight pounds per annum until they shall' commence masters of art ; and to each of them six pounds per annum apiece, and fforty shillings for apparel yearly, during their residence in the university, till they have each of them been eight years at the said universities, or one of them ; but none of the said payments to be made to any of them after they shall discontinue their resi- dence in the university. Item, I will that, out of the said surplusage of the rents and profits, the said trustees shall pay to such one poor honest antient woman, being a ■Washerwoman, in the parish of Allhallows Barking; London, as the minister and vestrymen of the said parish shall name and appoint, the yearly sum of three pounds of lawful money of England, Quarterly, by equal portions, for ever. Item, I will that, as any of the said trustees for the time being shall die, the other three of them for the time being shall convey the premises hereby given, and intended to be pur- chased, to the use of themselves and of orie such other able and honest man as shall be by the last deceased trustee named to succeed him ; or in default of such nomina- tion, then to the use of themselves and such other able and honest man as by the said surviving trustees for the time being shall be thought fit in fFee simple upon trust to perform this my will, and so to make up four new trustees from time to time for ever, according to the intent of this my will : And my will and mind is, that my said trus- tees, their heirs, executors, adnfors, and successors shall for ever be indemnified and reimbursed by and out of the rents and profits of the premises, or from and for all reparations and all charges and expences which shall arise or happen upon, or by means or occasion of this my will, or any of the trusts or intents thereof, or the execution of such trust." * " It is ordered that the clause concerning Mr. Ffishe's Batlings be taken out, to satisfy the president of St. John Baptist Colledge, Oxon, that the company have the sole right of disposing thereof." — See minutes of court, 9 June 1680.. 3 C 378 THE HISTORY OF fied with the explanation. And, on the 11th of June, when, after an examination by Kidder, Rector of St. Martin's Outwich, and Crispe, of St. Mary's Woolnoth,* Robert Coningsby Avas elected scholar of St. John's, they parted " with good content and liking/'-f little imagining that it was the last occasion of the kind * Andrew Crispe, M. A. was presented to the rectory of St. Mary Woolnoth, 9th July, 1666, and held it till his death in 1689- — See Newcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 480. f " St. Barnabas Day. — This day the companies grammar-school at St. Laurence Pounctney, London, was visited and examined, &c. And the master and wardens observing the order of theire predecessors, haveing about a month before, by letters, put the president and senior ffellowes of St. John Baptist Colledge in remembrance of the said day, desiring them to ioyne with the company in the eleccon of scholars to such places as should be void, and certify the number ; to which letters the com- pany rece~d answer of theire resolucons and intencons to come and joyne in the said eleccon and examinaqon, as by the said answer more at large appeareth, whereupon the company, according to the accustomed manner met, in the chappell of theire grammar-schoole upon the same day, together with Mr. Richard Kidder and Mr. Andrew Crisp, two learned divines, whome they intreated to be examiners for the company at this eleccon, whereunto presently after came Doctor Levins, president of the said colledge, accompanied with Doctor Taylor and Doctor Gibbons, two senior ffellowes thereof. And all immediately repaired into the school, upon whose coming nine of the principall scholars of the said school appointed thereunto pronounced severall oraeoqs, which being ended Doctor Gibbons, one of the said fTellowes made a spefich. And after that they resorted ipto the chappell agaioe, where there was an examinacon made of the head scholars, and themes given them to make exercises upon. Whereupon preparacon was made for dinner, provided by Mr. Eldridge, Mr. Hunt, and Mr. Ffeild, stewards appointed thereunto for the entertainment of the master, wardens, and assistants of this company, the president, senior flsllowes, and learned men aforesaid ; and after dinner the scholars delivered up theire exercises made upon the said theme. And, upon consideracon thereof by the learned men, it was agreed that the companie should proceed to the eleccon of one schjolar to sup- ply the one place, which the company were informed was vacant in the said colledge.. Whereupon the company, with the advice of the learned men, proceeded to the eleccon upon divers names ; so the eleccon, by scrutiny and most voices, fell upon Robert Coningsby to supply the plsce now void, to which eleccon the said president MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 379 On which they should see the scientific]* and accomplished Goad ait the head of the school* »s- -i The fact is, this learned man, who had now for near twenty years presided over Merchant-Taylors' with great success and applause, and trained for college a number of youth who re- flected honour on their teacher* among whom were Wells, Mark- land, Waple, Lasher, Blechenden, Bonwicke, Smith, Dee, Delaune, Lowth, Sherardj and Lee, betrayed a disposition to inculcate erro- neous notions in religion. The comment which he made on the Church Catechism for the Use of his scholars savoured strongly of Popery. And some particular passages having been selected front it, and laid before the Grand Jury of London, they. Oh the 4th of March, 1681, presented a complaint to the company respecting the catechism taught in their school. On this Goad was ordered to appear at the next court,* Which he did on the 11th, and made an answer to the charge. But, that not being satisfactory, he had a copy of the Grand Jury's complaint given him,-f- to which, on the 25th of that month, he read a second answer in defence of hi* exposition. The debate was adjourned till after Easter,$ when and two senior ffellows gave theire full liking, consent, and approbacon. And there was then paid and given to the said president and two sen" ffellows, by wsry of good will from the company, towards theire riding charges, the sume of ten pounds. So all departed with good content and liking."— -See minutes of court. * " Upon a noate presented, unto this court from the Grand Jury of London, con- cerning a catechism taught in the companies school in London, it is Ordered that Mr. Goad do appeare here at the next court of assistants."-^— See minutes of court, 4 March, 1681. + " It is ordered that Mr. John Goad, cheife schoolmaster of the companies school ill London, shall have, a coppy of the Grand Jury of London offered unto this court "against a catechisme in theire school, and to appeare here the next court of assistants to give his answer thereunto." — See minutet of court, 11 March, l6Sl. X " This day Mr. John Goad, cheife schoolmaster of the companies school in Lon- don, appeared and read his second answer to some more articles against the exposition 3C 2 880 THE HISTORY OF the court, reverting to the business on the- 13th of April, decided that their schoolmaster was popishly and erroneously affected, and immediately discharged him " from any further teaching."* By which prudent step they proved to the World that their chief regard was for the religious improvement of their youth, accord- ing to the doctrines of the Protestant Church of England, which no veneration, even for the talents and learning of Goad, could induce them to compromise or endanger. And complaint having been recently made, that some of the boys were guilty of swear- ing and using profane words, they took that opportunity of order- ing that all such offenders should for the future, on admonition proving fruitless, be reported to the master and wardens for ex- pulsion, which order was to be bung, up in the school, and pub- lickly read every examination day.-f- Not that the court were altogether unmindful of the past ser- vices of their master. Previous to appointing a day for the choice of the catechisme taught in the said school. Whereupon this court doth think fitt to respite the debate thereof until after Easter." — See minutes of court, 25 March', 1681. * " This court is of opinion that Mr. John Goad, present schoolmaster of the com- panies school in London, is popishly and erroneously effected. Whereupon it is ordered, and the said Mr. John Goad is hereby discharged from being schoolmaster of the said school, and from any further teaching of the schoolars there." — See minutes of court, 13 April, 1681. f " Upon complaint made unto our master, that some of the scholars in the com- panies school, London, are given to prophane words and sweareing, this court doth think fit, and so order that, for the future, if any of the scholars there do use any prophane words or sweare, or other debaucheries or. misdemeanors, and not be re- formed after due admonicon, then the schoolmaster and ushers, for the time being, are hereby required to present their names in writing unto our master and wardens to the end that they may discharge them from the said school, and see them turned out therefrom, and hot afterwards to be re-admitted without a special order of the court of assistants, and this order to be publickly read every examinacon day, and to be hung up in the said school." — See minutes bj court, 8 April, 168 1. merchant-Taylors' school. 381 of a successor, they voted him " .£"70 as a gratuity, including the «£l0 by him paid for taxes, trophies, and chimney-money." This was on the 27th of April.* And, on the 4th of May, the coirtr pany proceeded to fill up " the place of the companies chiefe school master of theire school in London." The candidates on this occasion were Richard Blechenden,. Bachelor in Divinity of John's College, Oxon ; John Hartclifte, Master of Arts of King's College, Cambridge ; James Manfeild, Master of Arts of Trinity College, Cambridge ; and Samuel Hod- ly, Schoolmaster, of Tottenham High Cross. Of whom HartclifFe was preferred,-j- through the interest of Dr. John Owen, whose nephew he was. For, though there were solid grounds enough to justify the removal of Goad, it was well known at the time that his ruin was accelerated by Owen for the sake of bringing Hart- eliffe forward.^ On the 1 1-th of May, the wardens were desired to take a cata- * See minutes of court. f " The place of the companies cheife school-master of theire school .in London being void, by. the removeall of Mr. John Goad, this court proceeding to the eleccon of another fitt and able person to, supply that place upon these foure names, viz. Richard Blechendine, of St. John's College, Oxon, Batcheller in Divinity, John Hart- «liffe, Ffellowof King's Colledge in Cambridge, and Master of Arts, James Manfeild, of Trinity College in Cambridge, M~r of Arts, and Samuel Hodly, of Tottenham High Crosse, Schoolmaster; thcchoice; by most voices, fell upon John HartclifFe to becheif schoolmaster there, who is to hold and enjoy the said place with the usuall sallary, and other lawful profits thereunto belonging, during the pleasure of this court and no longer. And he is to he eligible yearly and every year, when the new master and wardens are chosen in the month of July, after July next ; and he is not to take upon him any other imploy that may hinder the performance of his place, but wholly apply h'imselfe to ,the teaching and instructing the scholars there."— See.mimtes of court, , 4 May, 1681. % See the particulars of this affair in the postscript to a book, entitled « Con- trivances of the Fanatical Conspirators, in carrying on the Treasons ™der Umbrage, of the Popish Plot, laid open : with Depositions, &c. London, 1683." 382 THE HISTORY Of ldgue of the books in the library, that the same might be ex- amined once a year.* On St. Barnabas's Day, Samuel Blundef and Richard Roach were elected scholars of St. John's,f when the number of guests at dinner was unusually large, in Consequence of Sir Patience Ward, then in his mayoralty, coming in state with his retinue. But, as this was attended with a Considerable increase * " It is ordered, and the wardens are desired to take a duplicate of all the com- panies bookes belonging to their school iri London ; and that once a year, on exa'mi~ nacon day, the Wardens are desired to examine the Same, and See if any of the said books are wanting."— See minutes of court) 11 May, l681i The end proposed to he gained by this order might be much promoted by the appointment of some steady boy iri the sixth form as librarian, to whom a gratuity of four or five pounds per annum might be given, on the plan and for the reasons urged by Wase, in his Con* siderations already noticed. " After due endeavors (says he) to provide, the riext care is to preserve such library. The library keeper to be charg'd with a threefold book, the Register of Benefactors ; the Catalogue of Books ; and a note of what of them are lent out, and on what day : the same to enter into these respective records what shall be needful ; nor would he be required to open and shut the door at its hour daily without some salary; to engage his watchfulness and constancy. Apiece Of 2 yearly chargeable upon the community (for this occasion is incident onely to schools of some note) will betiriies acquaint him with the just and advantageous connexion of reofk and teages. He would be taken otit of the uppermost form ; the more stu- dious, faithful, and discreet that will take -such trouble: studious, that he be ac- quainted with the use of what he hath in charge : faithful, for it is a trust : and dis- creet, because oti him chiefly would rest the execution of those orders which should •cortcerfi the students or books in the library. Those laws would not be so rigid as tb debar all lending forth of arty book as if it disappointed others ; since in the place but one can read the same author at once, nor yet so laxe as, without occasion^ with- out memorial, to part with them ; and for time unlimited. Again, they would not be it lobse as to receive the wounds or flourishes of every malicious or waotonpew; nor yet so strict as to prohibit the master's occasional hftbmndvetsion s the very trace of whose hand is supposed to have 9ome useful direction." — See Wase's Consider atiohs concerning Free Schools, p. 105. f " 11 June, 1681. — Mr. Rich. Kidder and Mr. Andrew Crisp-, examiners*- 1 — Dr. Levins, Dr. Warren j Dr. Layfeild, from coll.— Dr. Layfeikl made a speech. — Thomas Cox, Mr. Spurling, and Mr. Daft'ornej stewards, — the elkecdn of two scholars — Samuel Blundel and Rich. Roach." — See minutes of court. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 383 of expense to the stewards, a compensation was at their request voted to them on the 29th of June.* In the beginning of 1682, the master and ushers were relieved from paying the duty on their chimneys,-}* something ornamental was done in Hartcliffe's house, and a clock was set up in the school.;}; And, on the I lth of June, that year, Nathaniel Mark' wick was chosen scholar of St. John's.^ In 1683, the election fell upon Samuel Smith and Charles Blake ;|J i n 1684, on John Cooke and Edward Lilly ; 1685, on Alexander Torriano, Richard Blechynden, and George Conyers ; on which last occasion Mews, who had lately been translated from the see of Bath and Wells to Winchester, was in^ vited by the company to dine at the school.** * " Upon the request of Mr. Pafforney one of the stewards on behalf of himselfe, and the other stewards, on the 11th day of Jane last, for some allowance ffor and in respect of the right honor ble the Lord Mayors presence then with his lordshipps atten- dance, this court doth think fitt, and so order that there be allowed the said stewards, and paid them six pounds by our master, and for his so doeing this order \a be hU dis- charge." — See minutes of court; 29 June, J68 1 . f " It is ordered that the chimbley money, due for the companies school in Lon- don, be refferred to the next court of assistants."— See minutes of .court, 8 February, 1682. " It is thought fitt, and so ordered for the future encouragement of the s^haol- master and ushers of the companies school in London, that the companie pay the dutie for the chimbJeys. there, and that Mr. Warden Pre by pay the same after he bath examined the number of chimneys^ there." — See minutes of court, IS February, 1688. % " It is ordered that there be 50 sh paid for a chimney peice set up at the school, but this to be no president for the future. Our master to pay the same, and for bis so dooing this order to be bis discharge. -And that the clock in the companies parior be sent to the school, and that a new. one be provided for the companies us«."— See minutes of court, 29 March, 1682. § MS. account || MS. account. f MS. account. ** " This day letters from the president and senior felbwes of St. John Baptist col- 384 THE HISTORY OF Early in the following year Hartcliffe, most of whose scholars distinguished themselves at Oxford,* signified his intention of resigning; and James the Second, who had begun to entertain the project of establishing Popery and making himself absolute, thought this a fair opportunity of trying the temper of the citizens in the nomination of a successor.-f- With this view he addressed a letter to the company from Whitehall, on the 15th of April, in favour of James Lee, Master of Arts, of Clare-Hall, Cambridge, who had formerly been second usher of Merchant-Taylors', but ledge, Oxon, was read, whereby it was declared that three places are void for scholars to be chosen out of the companies school, London. It is ordered that the right reverend the Lord Bishop of Winton be invited to dine with the company at their school, the 11th of this inst. June, by the wardens, Sir Wm. Dodson, Knt. and Mr. Pendleton, or any two of them. This court doth nominate, elect, and appoint Mr. Eusebius Matthewes, Mr. John Greene, and Mr. Edward Staverton, to be stewards at the school on the said eleaventh day of June instant."— See minutes of court, 4 June, 1685. " 11 June, 1685. — Mr. Rich d . Kidder and Mr. Andrew Crisp, examiners for the company— Dr. Levinz, Mr. Sayer, and Mr. Buckeridge, from St. John's, — nine of the principal scholars pronounced orations, — Mr. Buckridge made a speech, — the com- pany, with the advice of the learned men, proceeded to thelleccon upon divers names, — so the eleccon, upon scrutiny and most voices, fell upon Alexander Torriano, Rich- ard Bleychenden, and George Conyers/' — See minutes of court. * Besides those who were elected to St. John's, I shall have occasion to mention Philip Stubbs who finished his education at Wadham College. *f* ,f The king," who was well aware of the connection that ought to subsist between the national education and national religion, " erected a new court for ecclesiastical affairs, composed of various members, among whom were several Catholicks. — They were impowered to send for all statutes, rules, letters-patents of universities, colleges, grammar schools, and all other ecclesiastical corporations, and the said statutes to correct, amend, and alter as they saw convenient, &c." — Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 755. But though by these means Papists were introduced into many other schools, Merchant-Taylors' had the happiness to escape, through the address and management of the court, who, in this respect, followed the example of their prede- cessors at the beginning of the great rebellion.— See page 2fi7. MERCHANT-TAYLOlts' SCHOOL. S&3> was at that time head master of St. Saviour's School in South- ward* his majesty endeavouring thereby to advance his grand plan of setting himself above the rights of lawful patrons, that he might, ere long, with the greater facility alter the religion of the kingdom. But the company, though on the 21st of that month they had intended filling up the place at the next court/j- deferred the election till May, in hopes that their master, Sir Wil- liam Dodson, might prevail on the king not to interfere in the election. Sir William succeeded in procuring another letter from James, dated at Windsor the 3 1st of May, in which the former was revoked .$ And for this he deservedly received the thanks of the court, who being thus left to their own choice, elected * ** James R. — Trusty and Well beloved wee greet you well. Whereas we are given to understand that the place of master of Merchant-Taylors' Schoole is now vacant by the resignacon of Mr. John Hartclifte; and whereas wee have rececl a good cha* racter of the constant loyalty and pyety of James Lee, M"r of Arts, late of Clare- Hall, in our tmiversity of Cambridge, and of his experience in the educacon of youth in gramer learoeing, hee liaveing been, as wee are informed, three yeares usher in the said schoole, and wow head master of St. Savior's Free Schoole in the parish of St. Savior's, Soulhwarke. Wee have thought fitt hereby to recomend hita the said James Lee, in the most effectual manner, to yofl Fot the said place of master of Mer- chant-Taylors' Schoole now void as aforesaid, to be conferred upon him with all the rights, profitts, and advantages thereto belonging ; and soe not doubting of your ready complyairice hereto, wee bidd yoa flarewefl."— See minutes &f court. t " Ordered that die next court be for the ehorse of a schoole master fot Merchant* Taylors' Schoole."— See miiitetes of court, 21 April, 1686. t " James R. Trusty and wel beloved, wee greet you wel. Whereas, wee were pleased by our Tres of the 15th of April! last, to recomend to you James Lee, master of am, for tfee sehoolemaster's place of Merchant-Taylors' schoole; and, whereas, it tooth been since humbly represented to us that severall inconvehiencies would attend die eboise of the said James Lee to that place, wee have thought fitt, and doe accord' ingly hereby revoke our said l~res of recomendacon, leaveing you to choose such persons as you shall thinke best qualified for that stacon, our said Tres to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding. And soe wee bid you heartily farewell." 3 D 386 THE HISTORY OP Ambrose Bonwicke, Bachelor in Divinity of St. John's, Oxford, on the 9th of June,* to fill the chair vacated by H artel iffe.f Two * " His Majestie haveing, by Tie of recorhendacon, d;it. at Whitehall, the 1.5th day of April last, recomended to this court Mr. James Lee, whoe stood candidate for the place of master of Merchant-Taylors' schoole. And his Majestie, for several rea- sons, having revoaked the said Pre by a subsequent Tre, dated at Windsor, y e 31st day of May last, this court proceed to the eleccon of a cheife master for their schoole at St. Laurence Pountney's Hil, in London, and upon reading Mr. Bonwick's and Mr. Lee's peticons,. candidates for the said place, and their severall testimonialls, and upon due consideracons and serious debate of the matter, the choise by most voices fcl upon Mr. Ambrose Bonwicke, whoe is to hold and enjoy the same place during his due per- formance thereof, and the pleasure of this court. And afterwards, this court being sensible of his Maj ,es great grace and favor signified by his l~re in leaveing them to a ffree choise of such persons as they should thinke fit, gave our master their hearty thankes for the great paines and care he had taken in procureing them a ffree choise." — See minutes of court, 9 June, 1686. f HartclifFe was afterwards admitted to the degree of D.D. and was installed Canon ^ of Windsor, June 8, 1691. — The following letter of his to Mr. Benjamin Motte, is pre- served armongTEcTMSS. in the British Museum. — Ayscough's Cat. 885. 15. " Hatton-Garden, <> S r Nov. 21° 1691. " Thinkeing over againe what discourse I had with you in our last meeting, I have been looking into y e old books, what I could discover of "Epw; *} 'a>!]ep»?, and they are at large set out in Plato's v and y e third book of Plotinus his Enneads. To y e fformer these Platoni&ts ascribe all y e great and good thinges, that are done either in this or y e other world. As to y e original of goose-quills in writeing, Juvenal seems to hint at them — pracipiti venisset Epistota perma, — tho' this may be better ap- plied to y e Columba, y e famous letter-carrier of y e East. But my author sayes, quando usus stilorum ferrei, cerei, ossei, et saxei exolevit, inventus est calamus, penna, et penicillus; de quorum origine nihil constat certius quam quod recentior sit inventione Cfyarta et Membrana: So y l Opmeerius initio ChrOnicon sayes, in papyros arundineis calamis scribebant, et postea etiam Avium Pennis, & Martial Epig. 38. lib. 14.' Dat Chartis habiles calamos Memphitica Tellus — which Calamus is very aptly described by Persius. — Jnque manus chartce, nodosaque venit Arundo. v Turn queritur crassus calamo qubd pendeat humor: Nigra qubd infusd vanescat sepia lymphd: Dilutas queritur geminet qubd fistula guttas. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 387 days afterwards was -St. Barnabas's Day, for which the company had appointed but two stewards, instead of three, to bear the expense of the school-dinner.* The president and senior fellows made no declaration of vacancies. And the company were obliged to separate without proceeding to election. Bonwicke, who had been educated at Merchant -Taylors' under Goad, as if he foreboded what afterwards happened, and vainly endeavoured to prevent it, took the precaution, shortly after his election, of procuring a licence from the Bishop of London;-}- and having thus, as he hoped, secured himself from any abrupt dis- missal, by complying with the enactments both of the canon and statute law,:]: he entered on his office with a hearty devotion of his ' great and powerful talents to the service of the sch6ol, in which they had themselves received their early cultivation. In Decem- " This very poet j;dmmends also an old way of writing with the Rubrica; Pliny and Propertius praise the' 'Crete; Plautus talkes of the Carbo; and Catullus of the Plumbum; But you and I are for y e goose-quille, for this reason among others, because it is so ready ajid convenient an instrument for one ffriend to tell another, that he is ;j " his most humble servant, " J. Hartcliffe." * " Mr. William Long and Mr. Andrew Turner, the two stewards chosen for the eleaventh day of June next, makeing applicacon unto this court, that a third person might be joined with .them ; upon debate of the matter, it is ordered and thought fitt, that there be noe addiccon, and this court doth continue their former eleccon.f— See minutes of court, 9 June, 1686. + " Decimo quinto die Jutii, anno d~ni 1 686, Jmbrosius Bonwicke, S. T. B. admissus et licentiatus fuit per Dnum Epum. London, ad docendum litems in Schola Mercatorum Scissorum London, mbscriptis prim per eum arlis religionis juxta canones et prccstitisque juramentis allegiantia et supremitatis regiee Majestatis." — From the Bishop's Registry. J See the 36th and 77th canons of the Church of England, and the 8th section of the Act of Uniformity. 3d2 388 THE HISTORY OF her, 1686, he naad'e a probation of all the forms, but never afiter- waids thought it necessary to repeat it at that season of the year.* la 1687, John Pridie, Nicholas Zinzano, and William Dawes ;f in 1688, Moses Wiles, Charles Woodroffe, and Richard Cantrell ;+ ' and, in 1689, Joha Gardiner, and George Aldrieb^ were elected scholars of St. John s :§ soon after which last elections, it was pro- posefl that for the future the master of the school should a month before election-day in every year lay before the court the names of the candidates for St. John's, with the dates, of their nativity and admission^: and an order to this, effect was made or* the 2d of July, when the couit likewise directed that such boys as stand for the election should produce certificates of their ages.^f Meanwhile, James having abdicated the crown, and thereby paved the way for the accession of the Prince and Princess of * The December probation, which was first interrupted by the great plague which jagedi about the latter e»d of 1665, was regularly observed in the years 1680, 1681, lS8% 1683) and tfi©% bwfi has been discontinued from that time to the present, so that the probations which were originally designed to be thrice in the year and were after- wards increased to four, have now, for 126 years, been reduced to twice in the twelve- mo i*ttu t MS. account. J MS. account. § MS. account. f " It rs ordered, that it be moved at next court, that the master of the comganye's gramar school in London, doe, a month before the eleccon of any schollars from thence to Saint John's Colledge, in Oxon, give to this court the names of such scholars as stand for eleccon, their ages and time of admittance into the said school, and allsoe that Mr. Bonwick doe attend this court on Tuesday next." — See minutes of court, 26 Jmve, 1689. ^f " It is this day ordered, that the schoolmaster of the company's gramar school, London, fot the time being, doe give notice in writeing to this court what schollars are fit to be elected to Saint John's Colledge, in Oxon, and of what age they are, and how long they have been admitted into the said schoole, and that the said sehollais doe produce certificates of their ages." — See minutes of court, 2 July, 1689- MEIlCHA.NT-TAirkQB.S' SCHOOL, 38© Orange, the revolution had takea place. But at the same time that that great political event preserved to us our religion, laws, and liberties, it gave rise to two patties, or factions* which long divided the country against itself. The persons who had been admitted into civil incorporations after the surrender of the chattels, were men of very different views from the old members ; their interests were as opposite as their charadeis. And, hence the many rescindings and contradictions which marked the proceedings of the principal companies of London. Even the simplicity, to which the oath of allegiance was reduced, was not a sufficient expedient to avoid the cavils of some, or to satisfy the scruples of others.* Such was the situation of affairs at the approach of St. Barna- bas's Day, 1690, when it Was generally understood that there was pnly one vacancy at St. John's. But the court having agreed, on the 3th of June* that Bonwicke, in consideration of resigning his fellowship, should hold his head-mastership during good be- haviour, instead of the tenure by annual election, he actually/ surrendered his fellowship on the I lth into t he hands of t he pre-] sident,-f And, in consequence of this, two vacancies being de- * " The last debate in. the convention,, was, concerning the oaths that should be taken to the king and queen. To avoid all cavils upon the terms [rightful and lawful > king} in the usual oath, it was thought proper to reduce the oath to the antiertt sim- plicity of swearing, to bear faith and true allegiance to the king and queen. Hence arose the famous distinction of a king de facto, and a king dejure, some pretending, that they, took the oath to the king and queers only as king and queen de facto, whom they, were bound to obey no longer than they continued in quiet possession ; but that it was lawful for them to assist king James, if he should come to recover his crown, as being still their king dejure." — Rapiris History of England, vol. ii. p. 794. f The advantage to Bonwicke in this arrangement consisted in this— that, in the event of any difference between the company and him, he need not have tried, the validity of 390 THE HISTORY OP clared, James Knight and Peter Jennens, were chosen scholars of St. John's.* But, though_Bonwicke had acted on the faith of the arrangement that was made on the 5th, the court did not J think fit to ratify it at their meeting on the 27th Of that month. And it having, in the interim, been hinted to them, that he and the ushers had not taken the oath of allegiance to the new king and queen, as required by law, they ordered them to appear at the next court of assistants. -j- the bishop's licence against them, but have thrown on them the burthen of proving his unfitness or misconduct. * MS. account. t " Upon reading of several orders of this court, made on ,y e fifth and eleaventh of June inst. whereby it did appeare, that amongst other things it was ordered, that Mr. Ambrose Bonwick, in consideracon of his surrendringjiisfellowship of St. John's Col- ledge, in Oxon, into the hands of Mr. President of the said colledge, should hold and enjoy the office and place of head master of the companyes school on Saint Laurence Pountney's Hill, in London, and the fees, proffits, and perquisites, thereto belonging, quam di u se bene gesserit; and it being also, by the said court held on the said fifth day of June, upon debate and consideration had of an act of parliament made in the second yeare of their present Majesties reigne, intituled, ' An Act for reversing the Judgment in a quo tearrunto against the Citty of London, and for restoring the City of London to its ancient Rights and Privileges;' and, upon reading of Mr. Attorney-Generall's opinion on the said act, declared that the present master, wardens, and court of assis- tants, were rightfull and legall master, wardens, and assistants, according to their an- tient grants and privileges, this court doth ratifye and confirme all the orders made at the said two courts, excepting the said order concerning tbe schoolmaster above re- cited, and the order for declaring the said master, wardens, and assistants, rightfull' and legall master, wardens, and assistants, and upon consideracon had of the said two orders, it is hereby ordered, that the said Mr. Bonwick and the three ushers at the said school, doe attend at the next court of assistants; and, for prevention of all doubts and disputes concerning the legality of the present court of assistants, it is thought fit and ordered, that those members who were admitted into the court of assistants since the surrender of the companyes charter doe take the oath prescribed for an assistant. Whereupon, Sir Wtn. Ashurst, -Knt. Mr. Edward Bushel 1, Sir ThV merchant-Taylors' school. 391 Accordingly, on the 4th of July, they all made their appear- ance, and furnished one of the many instances in which pious, learned, and worthy, men were seen to differ on the propriety of swearing allegiance to those who succeeded James the Second. The ushers, in reply to the question, whether they had taken the oath of allegiance, declared that they had taken it. But, Bon- wicke requesting further time to give a direct answer, a month's indulgence was allowed him,* which was afterwards tacitly ex- tended to a twelvemonth, during which period all proceedings against him were discontinued. On the 11th of June, 1691, Thomas Smith, Edmund Archer, and William Bridge, were elected scholars of St. John's.-)- And soon after the trying hour arrived, in which Bonwicke was to choose between his duty and his interest, his conscience and his means of subsistence. On the 27th of July, the court being in- formed that he had not taken the oaths, ordered him to appear at Halton, Bart. Jos. Smart, Esq. Mr. James Smith, Mr. John Kent, Mr. Rob. Masters,' Mr. Th s . Barnes, and Mr. John Bateman, beeing present in court did all take the oath of an assistant." — See minutes of court, 27 June, 1690. * " Mr. Ambrose Bonwicke, the present schoolmaster of the companyes schoole, in London, this day appeared at this court according to a former order, and this court having received informacon, that he had not taken the oath of allegiance to their pre- sent Majesties, King William and Queene Mary, as the law requires, this court de- manded of him if he had taken the same. Whereupon, he did make it his humble request, that he might have some time to give an answere to the said question. Whereupon, it is ordered that he have a month's time to give this court a direct answere to the said question. " And the three ushers also appeareing at this court according to a former order, and being asked the same question, did all declare that they had taken the oath of allegiance to their present Ma ies - King W. and Queen Mary." — -See minutes of court, 4 July, 1690. + MS. account. 39£ THE HISTORY OF their next meeting,* which he did on the 5th of August, and not being able to urge any plea against a positive act of parliament, which declared him as a nonjuror incapable of holding his place,«f- received notice to provide for himself at the ensuing Michaelmas,! after having discharged the duties of his office with great fidelity during the few years he had been suffered to preside over the * " this court haveing rece~d information, that Mr. Bonwick, their present master of their scliole in London, had not taken the oaths according to a late act of par- liament, doe order that he doe ' appear att the next court."— See minutes of court, 27 July, 1691. •f " And be it further enacted, that if any person or persons now being master, governor, head, or fellow, of any college or hail, in either of the two universities, or of any other college; or Master of any hospitaJ or school, or professor of divinity, law, physick, or other science, in either of the said universities, or in the city of London ; shall neglect, or refuse, to take tire oaths by this act appointed to be taken, in such manner, and before such persons as by this act is directed, before the first day of August, in the yeare one thousand six hundred eighty-nine, every such person and persons so neglecting or refusing shall be, and is and are hereby declared and adjudged to be suspended from the execution of his or their office and employment, and from his or their mastership, government, fellowship, and professorship, respectively, for die space, of six months, to be accounted from the said first day of August; and, if the said person or persons (so having neglected or refused) shall not within the said space Of six months, take the said oaths in such court or place, and before such persons, and in such manner, as they ought to have taken the same before the said first day of August, that in every such case the said office and employment, mastership, govern- ment, fellowship, and professorship, of any person so neglecting or refusing, shall be void, and is hereby adjudged Void." — 1 W. and M. viii. 8. j " This court having rece~d informacon, that Ambrose Bonwick, their present master of their gramar schole in London, had not taken the oaths required by one act of parliament, made in the first year of the reigne of our sovereigne Lord and Lady .King William and Queene Mary, by reason whereof he is made incapable to hold the said place, and uppon hearing what the said Mr. Bonwick could say in excuse for himself, this court doe think fitt, and soe order, that the said Mr. Bonwick be dismissed from the said office of scholemaster, and that he have time till Michaelmas next to* provide for himselfe." — See minutes of court, 5 August, 1691. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 393 school, and completed the education of Zinzano, Dawes, Boul- ter, Knight, Archer, and Bridge, two of whom attained archie- piscopal dignity, the one in England and the other in Ireland. The principal candidates on this occasion were John Stileman, Bachelor in Divinity of St. John's College, Oxford,* and Matthew Shortyng, Master of Arts of King's College, Cambridge ;f indeed, the only other person who offered himself was one Thomas Rootes, whose description has not come down to us._| None of the under- masters were candidates, nor does it appear that any of the three above-mentioned had been educated at the school. And, there- fore, where all were aliens alike, and testimonials equally satis- factory, it was a matter of indifference on which the election fell. * On the 25th of September^^hory^n^jy^s^jihoseti J' to be 'h ead / scholemaster in the ^lace^of Bonwick;"§ and thp friends of the new government not having yet dismissed their fears, he and two of the under-masters attended a court on the 20th of January * He had been educated atJTuntodge school, and was afterwacds.presentec living or Last .tarndon, where he djed. — Mb. account. ' f This gentleman was of Jesus i _CoJ^g4 3U Mr : Strype's old fellow collegian, and after* conduct of King's College, Cambridge. — See Maitland's History of London, v. iij p. 920. % It appears from the catalogue of Oxford graduats, that a person of this name took the degree of M.A. 3 July, 1666. Qu. ? § " This court, having dismissed A mbr ose _Bonw|cJ^rxoia_j L he i place and _o ffice of scholemaster of their gramar schole att St. Laurance Pountney's Hill, in London, pro- ceeded tothe eleccon of a new master for the said" schole, and upon readying the peti- tions and testimqnialls of John Styleman, Matthew Shortyn, and Thomas Rootes, candidates for the said place, and upon due cousideracon and serious debate had of the matter, this court doe nominate, elect, and ajpojuj^^j-tthew ^Shortyn to _be head scholemaster of their said schole in London, in the place of the said Ambrose Bon- wick,- who is to hold and injoy the said place and all the sallaryes, flees, proffitts, and perquisites, thereto belonging, during the pleasure of this court." — See minutes of court, <25 September, 1691. 3 E 3Q4f. THE HISTORY OP following, and produced their certificates of having taken the oaths to William and Mary.* In June, 1692, the election fell upon Abel Evans,~j- and, in l69S t on Thomas Parsell,, Valentine Haywood, William Gregory, and John Gillman,t to be preferred to St. John's. Soon after, an order was made, that at every election-dinner, then called the " schoole feast,'\ grace should be said by the head-master, or, in his absence, by the head usher. || The boys who gained their election in 1604,. were Christopher Chown, Daniel Lombard, and Thomas Haywood,f and those in^ 1695, William Stuart and Winch * " It is alsoe ordered, that the ushers of' the companye's schoole in London, do attend the next court." — See minutes of court, 9 December, 1691. " This day, Mr. Shorting, master of this companye's gramar schoole in London, Mr. Polhill and Mr. Conningsby, two of the ushers there, according to a former order of this court appeared, and severally produced their certificate of their taking the oaths to- their Majesties King William and Queen Mary."— See minutes of court, 20 January, 1692. •j- MS. account. J MS. account. § " Then 1 the, court proceedeing to the eleceonof* stewards for theire schoole freast, to be held on the 10th day of June, Thomas Cage and William Hayward, being-two' persons next inieourse, made it theire request to this court to ffine for the said office* Upon consideracon*had of the matter, this court doe order that they be excused from holding the said office upon payment of the sume of 10 guineas in money and deli- vering up their respective billsfor corne money, and release theire claimeio the same, which they willingly submitted to. It is ordered*- and' Mr. Joseph Wilsony Mr. John Harris, and Mr. Abell Slaney, are chosen stewards for the 10th day of June next, who are to provide an entertainement for the assistants of this'company and the president' and two senior fiellows of St. John's Colledge according to custome." — See minutes of court, 31 May, 1693. When the gentlemen, educated at the Schobl, - began a few years afterwards to hold anniversaries, under the name of schotol-feasts; the company #eased to apply, that name to the< election-dinners. || " It is this day ordered, that the head schoolemaster of this companye's grariiei' schoole in London, doe say grace at every schoole feast, and, in his absenee, the head usher." — Set 'minutes of court, 27 July 1693. ^f MS. account. Holdsworth/* A counsel's opinion on the point, ' Whether a master of Mer- chant-Taylors' school can be compelled to take 1 a licence from the Bishop, to qualify him to teach in the said school?' -" It is alsb ordered; that Dr. Shorting and the clarke do advise with couticell, whether Dr. Shorting roay^be compelled to take a lycence to keep the companye's sohoole in London." — See minutes of court, 30 April, 1696. §,f 1700, Dec. 11. — Yesterday 'those gentlemen who were formerly educated at Merchant-Taylors' school heard an excellent sermon at Bow-Church, where were pre- sent all those scholars who are now under education there, they walking thither two by two, to the number of about 400. After sermon was ended, the stewards and gen- tlemen marched to Merchant-Taylors' Hall, where they' participated : of a splendid dinner prepared for them. The youths and boys, who are the present scholars there, were each of them treated 'with a glass of canary and a roll, according to the usual annual custom." Protestant Mercury, quoted by' Malcolm in his Londinium Reditivum, vol.ii.' p. 327. 402 THE HISTORY OP that month, it was ordered, that the clerk of the company should deliver to him a notification of the sentiments of the court.* And, on the 12th of May, the young man, who trembled for his election, read and signed a paper of the nature agreed upon, previous to its being entered in the court-book. This done, the company declared themselves perfectly satisned,-f- and, fondly hoping that the solemn find the said Samuell Philipps guilty of the same, but the said Samuel! Philipps, having ingenuously confessed his fault and seeming thoroughly sensible of his errors, and heartily beging pardon of this court, and of the said Mr. William Nash, and promise- ing a thorough reformation for the future, this court out of tender compassion to the said Samuell Philipps, in hopes that he has a thorough sight and sence of his past errors, and in consideration that the expelling of him from the said schoole might prove his utter mine, have unanimously consented that the said Samuell Philipps be continued in their said schoole, and that the said Samuell Philipps do draw up in writeing a full acknowledgement of his said faults find promise pf ; his resohjcqns of living a virtuous and sober life for the future, in hopes that he may prove an honour to this company, an ornament to the said schople, a blessing to his parents, and his own future happiness." — See minutes of court, 23 April, 1703. * '« It is this day ordered, that Samuell Philipps, a schollar in the companies schoole in London, have a coppy of the last order of this court delivered to him by the clerke of this company, which relates to him."— See, minutes of court, 29 April, 1703. f " This day Samuell Philipps, senior schollar in the companyes schoole in Lon- don, having persuant to a former order delivered to this court an acknowledgement of his faults, of which this court did find him guilty, in writeing under his hand, and having soleraly promised thereby an amendment of his life for the future; this court, upon hearing the same read, declared it satisfactory and persuant to their former order, and that the said paper so signed by the said Samuell Philipps be registered in the company's court book, which is as follows, viz. ' I, Samuell Philipps, Captain of the Worshipfull Company of Merchant-Taylors' Schoole, having been guilty of several folly s (which the youth of this age is too much addicted to) viz. frequenting of taverns, playhouses, and gaming houses, and not only of going to these places myself, but of taking with me one James Nash, belonging to the above-mentioned schoole, to his great prejudice and disadvantage, and having been convicted of these crimes in ihe. presence of the honorable the master and wardens, and other worthy gentlemen of the court of assistants of the worshipful company of Merchant-Taylors, and they having been pleased £out of their accustomed clemency and generosity) to pardon and forgive MlillCHANT-TAYLOXlSi' SCHOOL. 403 course of proceeding which had been adopted, might have a salu- tary effect on his future conduct, chose him, on the 11th of June, to supply the Only „ vacancy which., had happened at St. John's. But all their flattering expectations were defeated by his mis- beh'avioBr at bollege. : In less than a twelvemonth he called down expulsion upon him Self by his irregularities,* and thereby added a third to two other vacancies for .the; following year. .■Sti'Barnabasfs.Day, in 1704, falling on a Sunday, the examina- tion was as usual on the day before. qThe examiners for the com- pany were, Pulleyn, prebendary of W-ildland,-}- and Cook, who had lately Been a candidate for St. Martin's Outwich.J And the boys elected on the 11th, were, Thomas Brereton, Robert Bird, arid William Peche.| ■_.;. -fji. ;;;iii. " : "■ ■ tli e' aforesaid crimes, on my promise of never comitting £he same, or such like crimes say wore- $ Idoe; therefore, by this my handwriting) solemnly protest that I will never be; guilty of the abos'e-mentioried crimes, or any other whatsoever. Apd in witness thereof, I have drawn up this writing, which, in case of a relapse, may be brought against me as a witness of the promise I have now made. And' I hope what I have hetherto comitted, God of his infinite mercy will forgive/and the worshipful company of Merchant-Taylors' pardon. And I further hope, what has been done will prove no barr or hindrance to my future preferment, which wholly depends on that worshipfull company. " Samuell Philipps." ,■ - ' ■ ' -- ft ■ ; cv- ' ' ( 1 " *• See minutes of court, 12 May, 1703. * " Intra primum probationis annum ejqctus^ ex Academico foetus est Histrio"r^MSi account. ,Ji",;u3i. olli — '\«rt»b w;u<.> -jo* ot-saVl '■' f f John Pulleyn, M.A. was collated to the prebend of Wildland, in the church of St. Paul, 21 Jan. 1688. — SeeNewcourt's Repertorium, v. i. p. 227. $ Thomas Cook, M.A. was presented to the rectory of St. Benedict, Paul's Wharf, 15 Feb. 1708. He published a sermon at the funeral of Lady Mary Cooke, in the ensuing year. — Malcolm's Londiriium Redivivum, v. ii. p. 468. § " 10 June, 1704. Mr. Pulleyn and Mr. Tho. Cook, examiners,— Dr. De Laune, Mr. John Pridie, and Mr. John Knight, from St. John's,— Nine of the head scholars pronounced orations,-^Knight made an oration. Thomas Brereton, Robert Bird, and Wm. Peche> chosen next day."— See minutes of court. 3 f 2 404 THE HISTORY OF In 1705, Richard Gillman, Thomas Tooly, and Joseph Terrett, were chosen scholars of St. John's.* But, in 1706, there was not a single vacancy .-j~ And, before the return of St. Barnabas's Day in the following year, Shortyng was no more. During the fifteen years which he presided over Merchant-Tay- lors', he sent to college, Parsell, Willcox, Gillman, Haywood, Stuart, Criche, Watts, Andrew, Wheatley, and Berriman, some of whom followed him in the care of the school, while others contributed to spread its reputation by their writings, or extend its usefulness through future generations, by their liberal benefac- tions to its scholars. Of the eleven head-masters who had suc- ceeded Mulcaster, he was the first whose destiny it proved to die at his post, in which end of a life of generous effort for the benefit of society, he has been followed with a remarkable uniformity by all his successors. While the teachers in seminaries of far less importance to church and state have been raised to dignities and honours, the masters of Merchant-Taylors' have been suffered to labour for the publick till the hour of death, and fall unheeded except by their affectionate pupils, from their chair in the school to their resting place in the grave. * " 11 June, 1705. Charles Lister, Ambrose Ryley, and Edmund Watkinson, stewards, — Pulleyn and Cooke, examiners, — Delaune, Pridie, B.D. Wiles, B.D. from. St. John's, — Oilman, Tooly, and Territt, chosen." — See minutes of court.. f " Nemo hoc anno elecPus," — MS. account. ■ merchant-Taylors' school, 405 .4 . , . (• Hal fA-K* t-'s, .'■' CHAPTER IV. The Masterships of Parsell, M. Smith, and Criche ; containing the Space of Fifty-Three Years. FROM the death of Shortyng a new sera commenced in the history of Merchant-Taylors'. The company rightly imagining that the honour of their foundation was at least as likely to be ad- vanced by head-masters, who had been indebted to it for their own education, as by men who, till interest called them, were aliens to the establishment, set an example to their successors, of preferring to the government of their school scholars of their own, who might naturally be expected to be jealous of its reputation, attached to the internal arrangements which had resulted from the experience of former masters, and disposed to accord with their fellow labourers in carrying on the business of the school without seeking to introduce foreign or problematical systems of instruc- tion and discipline.* On the 50th of April, they chose, without * Not that this was altogether a -new principle-. Of the eleven masters who suc- ceeded Mulcaster, four at least had been educated in the school.' Nor is it to be doubted that there would have been more, of this description, if the company -had not/ from untoward circumstances, been obliged, in some cases, to admit aliens in the lower places, who, when they rose to the chief ushership, stood upon the statute, and in other instances to supersede the ushers altogether. But it was reserved for the sera now commencing, to be more uniform in a point which contributes so essentially to the credit of the school. 406 THE HISTORY OP hesitation, that accurate grammarian and critick, Thomas Parsell, who had been a scholar of the deceased, and was now Bachelor in Divinity, Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, and first usher of the school.* But. from some supposed incompatibility in his fellowship with the present appointment, it was expected of him that he should resign the former at the approaching election ;-f an assurance to which effect he the more readily gave, as he had already placed his affections on a lady, to whom he was shortly- after married.;]; j- . ■'•. ■ '■?. ■■■■ \S. At the same court, at which Parsell was chosen, information being given that some of the seniors of St. John's retained the exhi- bitions, of Ffysshe's and Vernon's foundations* to the prejudice of the younger members, whose fellowships we\-e not; so lucrative, the clerk was directed to lay before the next meeting ; the names antj * The old statute by which a preference was conditionally given to the head-ushe* has, it is true, been observed in only five instances out of -the >seven elections which have taken place since the death of Shortypg. But it is worthy of remark that all the seven gentlemen who have been called to fill the. head-master's place during the last century, had been educated in the school". Nay, so great has been the affec- tionate partiality of the company to their own scholars, that of the twenty-nine under- masters whom they have appointed during that period* two (only have been' aliens from the establishment; namely, Thomas Kidd who was chosen in 1798, and Lancelot Sharpe in 1807 ; on the latter of which occasions there was no other candidate. f " Upon reading the humble petition of Mr. Thomas Parsell, first usher of the companies grammar school in London, to be elected to the place of ! head-'raaster ; of the said school, now void by the death of Dr. Matthew Shortyng, lately deceased ; and also upon the reading several testirnonialls in the behalf of the said tyhr. Parcell ; it is ordered that the said Mr. Thomas, Parsell be and is hereby elected to the said place, who this day appeared, and assured this court that he would resign his fellow- ship in St. John's Colledge, in Oxford, on the eleventh day of June next." — See mi r nutes of court, 30 April, 1707. \ " Locum Collegii cessit 1707, uxoratus." — See Rawlinson's Continuation of Wood's Athena:, No. 424, among the MSS. in the Bodleian Library. merchant-Taylors' school. 407 standing of the parties enjoying them ;* and this being done on the 15th of May, the company thought it incumbent on them, as representatives of the donors, to suspend the payment of the exhibitions, and write to the president on the subject.^ On the 11th of June, the company proceeded to fill up four vacancies, including that made by Parsell. And though the elec- tion did not take place till after the reading of the act of Eliz- abeth against abuses in the election of scholars, originally occa- sioned by a practise at Cambridge of taking money for resigna- tions,;]: and such of ' Sir Thomas White's statutes as materially * " It is likewise ordered, that the clerk of this company do prepare against next court an account of what exhibitions are paid by this company, and who are the per- sons that now receive the same, and how long they have so done, and what vacancies there are at this time." — See minutes of court, 30 April, 1707. •f- " This court being informed that the exhibitions of Mr. Vernon and Mr. Fish are now paid to persons of ability and substance, and that the intention of the donors were to have them bestowed on persons in mean circumstances, it is therefore thought; fitt that the payment of the said exhibitions be at present suspended, till this court shall think fitt to order otherwise, and that a letter be wrote to the president and senior fellows of St. John's Colledge concerning the same."— -See minutes of court, 15 May, 1707. $ See page 127. — " The parliament had, in the 18th of Elizabeth, taken notice of this abuse, and a bill was brought in to prevent it, which passed, both houses ; but, by the representation of the Lord-Treasurer, the Queen had been prevailed upon npt to give the royal, assent. Dr. Whitgift upon this occasion wrote to that lord, March 28, (1577,) a letter, in which he first took notice of the reasons for not passing the act, on, account of the public declaration therein unavoidably to be made of the scandal of the university, and also a great slander to the gospel ; besides, what was only a fault of some colleges, would thereby seem to be common to all.. However, that un- less it would please his lordship to procure some strict order to be taken against such corruption, the staying of that act would rather animate those that were evil dis- posed to go on in their corrupt dealings. For it could not be-denied that such cor- ruption had been used in some colleges in Cambridge, and that it was directly con- trary to their oaths and the statutes; and that then it began to be an ordinary prac- tise for fellows of colleges, when they were not disposed to continue, to. resign up their fellowships for sums of money, which, as itWas slanderous, he said, to the uni- 408 THE HISTORY OF concerned the business of the day,* it is to be regretted that Par- versity, so it was against all good dealing, and in time would be the cause of much evil ; wherefore he urged this lord, as chancellor of the university, either by his letters •to the university, or otherwise as he should' think fit, to give strait charge, against all such kind of dealings ; and then, he trusted, the thing would be refdrmed. But it seems his lordship's orders had not the desired effect ; for an Act of Parliament passed to this purpose in 1589, the 31st of Eliz." — : Biographia Britannica, Art. Whitgift. ' " xxxi Eiiz. cap. vi.- — Ah Act against Abuses in Election of Scholars, &c. — Whereas, by the intent of the founders of colleges, churches collegiate, churches cathedral, schools, hospitals, halls, and other like societies within the realm, and by the statutes and good orders < cases of Edwards and Bonwicke, the former of whom returned to his fellowship after he had been master three years,-f and ^be latter did not resign it till after he had held it in canj unction with the headship of the school four years.:]: And, therefore, if Parsell had not been looking forward to a speedy union with the object of his affection, he might reasonably have paused ere he cut himself off from the line of preferment in the church fey, acceding to the proposed resignation. The boys elected to St. John's were, William Holmes, Thomas Barton, John Preston, and Robert Biunt.§ Hitherto the company had accommodated the gentlemen of the school with the use of their hajl 5 but having lately been induced tp let it to the East-India Company, they were themselves at no little Joss for a room capable of holding their livery on Lord- Mjayor's Day,[| till it occurred to them that the school might easily be prepared for their reception.^ At a time when the all which forfeitures shall and may be had and recovered in any. her Majesty's courts of record, by any person or persons, bodies politick and corporate, that will, sue for the same, by bill, plaint, or action of debt, in which no essoin, protection, or wager of law,, shall be allowed : the one moiety whereof shall be to him or them that will sue for the same ; the other moiety to the use of the said church, college* hall, hospital, schopk or society, where such offence shall be committed." — See Statutes at lar^f>, v. ii. p. 446. * See page 329. t s £ e page 238. % See page 389. § " 11 June, 1707. William Holmes, Thomas Barton, John Preston* and Robert Blunt, elected,; — John Pulleyn and Thomas Cooke, ex~rs,— Delaune, Mos. Wiles,, and Tho. Haywood, from St. John's." — See minutes of court. [| " It is ordered, that the wardens be desired to find out a proper place, for this, company to, dine in on L~d-Mayor's Day next, and also to view Mr. Parseli's, the; com- pany's schoolmaster's house, to see what is necessary to be done towards the farther, strengthening the same." — See minutes of court, 10 October,, 1>707. «f " It is ordered, that the feast on the Lord-Mayor's Day next, be kept at the com.?- MERC II A ST?-* AYLORs' SCHOOL. 4tl taverns in th& metropolis were on a much smaller scale than at present, no doubt Merchant-Taylors' school afforded the best substitute for the hall that was to be procured.* And, as the election-dinner had been almost invariably kept there, it did not appear any great breach of decorum to banquet for once some- what more luxuriously than usual on a spot dedicated to the Muses. On the Llth of June, 1708, Thomas £eck and Thornas Fogg were elected scholars of St. John's ;-f and, on the 25th of that month, Haywood and Evans* the former of whom was a fell&w of fourteen, and the latter of sixteen, years standing in that college, were, on a presumption that they were well preferred, suspended from the receipt of their exhibitiofls.J Hay wood gave himself no concern about it; but Evans, taking some pains to undeceive the company, was, on the Qtli of February, 1709, restored to his exhibition. | pany's school on Saint Laurence Pountney s Hill, and that the wardens do appoint what carpenter shall set up the tables at the school, and do what is necessary against the said feast." — See minutes of court, 15 October, 1707. * The school-room is 82 feet long, and 20 feet high : the breadth is 24 feet at the north end, and 25 at the south to the northward of the projection made by the library. f " 11 June, 1708. Wifl*m Sail, Eleazar Edwards, Itobert Westly, stew~ds, — Thomas Peck and Thomas Fogg, elected,-* John Pulleyn and Tho s . Cooke, examiners, — l)elaune, Archer, and Daniel Lombard, from St. John's." — See minutes of court. | " It is also ordered, that payment of the exhibitions formerly granted to Mr. Haywood and Mr. Evans, students in St. John's College, in Oxford, be suspended till: application be made by them to this court to continue the same." — See minutes of court, 25 June, 1708. & « Whereas, Mr. Abell Evans, one of Mr. Vernon's exhibitioners, at four pounds per annum, was lately suspended from the said exhibition on a presumption of his. being well preferred, now upon reading the humble pettcon of the said Mr.- Evans, getting forth his case and the falsity of the said suggestion, this court doth order, that 3g2 412 THE HISTORY OF On the 21st of April, the royal assent was given to ' An Aet for better establishing certain Charities of John Pierre point/* by which " the master of Merchant-Taylors' Free School "f was constituted a governor of the free school in Lucton. The other governors were to be the preacher of the Charter-house^ the rector of St. Botolph'sBishopsgate,§ the rector of St. Peter's Corn- hill,jj the schoolmaster of the Charter-house,^[ the preacher of Gray's Inn,** the president of Sion College,-f-f- and the common serjeant of the city of London4J all for the time being. By this act, a deed, executed by Pierrepoint on the 7th of December, the said exhibigon be paid to him as formerly together with the arrears thereof, and so to continue during the pleasure of this court." — See minutes of court, 9 February, 1709. * In the statutes at large, it is mentioned among the private acts of the 7th of Ann, but as it did not pass the Lord's till the 30th of March, nor receive the royal assent till the 21st of April, it seems to stand more properly in the journals under the 8th of Ann. To this I may add, that on searching for the original at the Parliament Office, though endorsed as belonging to the 7th, it was found among those of the 8th. •f " I begleave to remark, that a free school (schola libera) does not always signify, as it is commonly supposed, a school in which children of any description are to be taught " fkee of cost ;" but a liberal or genteel school, in opposition to inferior schools, where only mechanical or low qualifications are taught. By " free," says the learned Mr. Bryant, speaking of the word in its ancient signification, " i? sig- nified any thing genteel or liberal : also any thing elegant and graceful/' A free school meant a genteel school." — See Knox's ' Liberal Education,' page vii. of the Dedication, note. £ John King, D.D. afterwards master of the Charter-house. ^ Roger Altham, D.D. Vicar also of Latton in Essex, and Archdeacon of Mid- dlesex. U John Waugh, D.D. afterwards Bishop of Carlisle. ^ Thomas Walker, LL.D. ** Robert Moss, D.D. afterwards Dean of Ely. f+ Humphrey Zouch, M.A.? ,; %% Duncan Dee, Esq. who had been educated at Merchant-Taylors'. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 413 .1708, was confirmed, the governors were allowed to hold land to the amount of five hundred pounds per annum without license ; and the objects of the charity were stated to be not only the maintenance of the school, but also the improvement of poor vicarages. And, in May, Pierrepoint, with the assistance of King, the preacher of the Charter-house, framed his rules for the go- vernment of the school,* reserving to himself a power of making additions or alterations at any time during his Iifcj- * 1st, Of the assembly ;— -2dly, Of the schoolmaster;— 3dly, Of the usher ;—4thly, Of the number and qualifications of the children to be elected; — 5thly, Of the master's government of the school. f By virtue of this reserved power, the founder delivered some additional rules in August, 1710, and prescribed some further regulations by his will in June. 1711. But few institutions have lasted a century without abuse. The boys were to be admitted at the age of seven years, and to continue till fifteen or sixteen, a period of at least eight years, and were obliged to be able to read when first entered. Pierrepoint required from all of them Latin and Greek exercises, as they proceeded in those lan- guages. An exhibition every two years was assigned towards the maintenance of such of them as from their proficiency in classical learning should be deemed qualified for the university. And therefore it was not to be supposed that Lucton School was de- signed merely for reading, writing, and arithmetic. But, in the year 1809, the go- vernors, understanding that not one of the eighty scholars on the foundation was instructed in the rudiments of the Latin and Greek tongues, but left solely to the writing master from the time of their admission till their removal, and thinking this direct and continued violation of the founder's intentions a matter no longer to be tolerated, determined that a reform was necessary, and appointed a deputation to visit the school for the sake of devising on the spot the best measures that could be adopted for the reformation of abuses. Immediately after breakfast, on Monday the 7th of August, they repaired to the school, at the distance of three quarters of a mile from Mortimer's Cross, where they had arrived and slept over-night. They there found the scholars all present (one excepted), and occupied at their desks in the bu- siness of the day. Their copy books, cyphering books, &c. were inspected by the visitors as they walked round their seats. Their clothes were becoming and well kept, and their hands and faces perfectly clean, which was noticed in their hearing. The progress they had made in writing, arithmetic, and mensuration, was satisfactory ; 414 THE HISTORY OF On St. Barnabas's Day that year, the election fell on Alexander Stopford Catcott.* After which, nothing particular happened till the 23d of March, 1710, when it was referred to the standing committee to consider among other matters, whether they ought not to allow the taxes to the tenant of the premises from which they received the rent charge bequeathed by Woolleiyf- and de- duct the same from the exhibitioner and others interested in the but that was all. In the conversation that ensued, the perversion of the institution ■was plainly laid before the schoolmaster by the visitors. They pointed out to him the rank which his school had a right to assume, and convinced him that the governors could not connive at the grammar school of Lucton being degraded into a parochial charity school. And it was with pleasure they reported to the governors at their next assembly that he readily admitted the necessity of a reform in the education of the scholars, and expressed his willingness lo adopt such measures as should be devised for that purpose. The subsequent regulations would extend this note beyond due bounds. But thus much, I thought myself bound to say, as Lucton School is indebted to none of its governors more deeply than to those who have been educated at Mer- chant-Taylors', especially the present head-master, and the late common serjeant (the present Recorder) of the city of London. From the report of the visitation drawn up by the elegant pen of Mr. Cherry, I will beg to quote only one passage, for the sake of the anecdote it contains :— " Having ordered the iron rails of the tomb of the founder's sister to be painted, and some slight repairs made to the pews belonging to the school, we considered our duty at Lucton performed ; and without further delay, leaving Mortimer's Cross, proceeded by Croft Castle, through a part of Yar- pole and Birchal, to Orletoa. Here we paid a visit of respect to the venerable vicar (Mr. Proctor), who, in his, 7&th year, still discharges his parochial offices. We re- marked, from a volume of Plato on his table, that he had not survived his taste for classical, studies. He received us, hospitably, and gave us (he said) his last blessing at parting." Chiton is one of the poor vicarages in the patronage of the governors of Lucton School : the other two ane Eyton and Lucton. * " 11 June, 1;709. Alexander Stopford Catcott, elected, — Pulleyn and Cooke, examiners, — Delaune, Lombard,, and Haywood, from St. John's." — See minutes of court. t See an extract from his will, page 194, note. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 415 distribution of it.* A recommendation to which effect' was re- ported on the 10th of May.f But, as I have already observed, the company have since not only forborn to make any deduction, but raised the exhibition to an equality with those founded by Vernon.;* ' But the principal point in the reference was to take into con-< sideration what was fit to be done with respect to the curacy of Bloxwich, in Staffordshire, under the will of William Parker.| * " It is also order/d, that it be referred to the standing comittoe to consider of Mr. Wooller's guift in relacon to the deduction of taxes thereout, and of Mr. Parker's guift relating to the election of a schoolmaster at Bloxwich, in the county of Stafford ; and, likewise, to peruse the by-laws as they are now drawn and amended, in Order to have the same confirmed according to law."— See minutes of court, 23 March, 17 10. f " We have also considered of a rent charge of „£'24 per annum, given this com- pany by Mr. Woolfer, and issuing out of Ffreshe Wharfe, at London Bridge, out of which the tenant desire to have the taxes allowed, and not findeing the same exempted by the act of parliament, we are of opinion that the taxes, be allowed to him, and that this company deduct the same from the persons they pay the said .£24 per annum to." — See the report of the committee in minutes of court, 10 May, 1710. J See page 195, note. § As my researches at. the Prerogative Office for this will were not crowned with; success till after I had sent to the press that part of the work in which it ought to have appeared, the reader is requested to pardon the anachronism of which I am guilty in inserting it at a point of the narrative so distant from the time when it was proved. Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the will of William Parker, late of the city of London, Merchant-Taylor, dated the 24th of May, 1613, are the words following: " Item, I give and hequeath the sum of two thousand pounds of lawful English money, to be paid to the master, and wardens, and assistants of the company of Mer- chant-Taylors, in the city of London ; desiring them, with that convenient speed they may, to provide fourscore pounds a year for ever with the said monies, to per* form these, good uses hereafter mentioned : And the first payment for the said uses, I will to be made in the month of December come a twelvemonth next after my ex- 416 THE HISTORY OF That worthy citizen, who died in the year 1616, among other cha- ritable devises, bequeathed to the company a stipend of twenty ecutor or his assign hath paid the said whole sum of' two thousand pounds, and so afterwards every year in December for ever, and to these p~sons, places, and uses, as hereafter followeth : ffirst, to the pson, for the time being, of St. Antholyn's parish in London, where I now dwell, yearly for ever, ten pounds sterling ; to the clarke of the same parish, for the time being, for ever yearly, fifty shillings sterling; to the sexton of the same parish, for the time being, for ever yearly, fhfty shillings sterling; to a minister, to serve the cure in the chapel in Great Bloxsitch, in the parish of Walsall and county of Stafford, where I was born, twenty pounds yearly for ever ; always provided, that the said minister live a single man unmarried, and will teach freely iu the said chapel, or parsons house there, the men children of the inhabitants of Great Bloxsitch, Little Bloxsitch, Welsall, and Hareden, and others that dwell in ode houses in Walsall parish aforesaid, to read English, both printed and written hand; and that he be such a one as is obedient to the king's majesty's laws that now is, and allowed by the Lord Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry, for the time being, and taken from Saint John Baptist College in Oxford, being some of them that have been sent thither from the Merchant-Taylors School in London : And for lack of such to be had from the said college, if there should be none fit or desirous there to be placed in this order, and for this stipend, my will and mind is, that the inhabitants of the town of Great Bloxsitch shall make choice of one themselves, where they can find a fit man, both for learning and good life ; always provided, that he live a single man unmarried, as aforesaid ; for longer than he so doth, be is not by my will to have the benefit of this my gift of twenty, pounds a year, as aforesaid ; but another man is to have the place ; for I know that stipend is not sufficient to maintain a married man, and I would not be a mean to bring a charge to the place to the dislike of the in- habitants there. To the poor prisoners in London; namely, to the Compter in the Poultry, fforty shillings yearly for ever : to the poor prisoners in the Compter in Wood- Street, fforty shillings yearly for ever : to the poor prisoners in Newgate, fforty shil- lings yearly for ever : to the poor prisoners in Ludgate, thirty shillings for ever : to the poor prisoners in the fBeet, thirty shillings yearly for ever : to the poor pri- soners in Bodlam, twenty shillings yearly for ever: to five poor aged men free of the Merchant Taylors' Company, that have done or do use to get their living by dressing of woollen cloth in this city, four pounds a piece yearly for ever, which said five men I will that my executor have the nominating and appointing during his life, and after- wards they to be chosen and appointed by the court of assistants of the Merchant- Taylors', from time to time ; and my meaning is, that it shall be at the will and plea- MERC»ANT•^'FA¥LQRa , SCHOOL. 41? pounds pei? a»num, in treat, for the clergyman who should serve tfee chapel #f Great {Hogwich, in thie parish of Walsall in the sure of t'fee master, the wardens, and assistants of the said company how long any one man sh&lj have this pension' oii ffiqur pownds; a year ; because,, where they shall see most need, J thinly it nieet to be bestowed, from time to time; and if some have it one year and some another, it will comfort many and make them live orderly, thai they may be thought worthy to have it : to the alms-men in Merchant-Taylors' Alms- houses; near the HaH, to be divided 1 amongst! rhem, ffifty shillings yearly for ever: t«i the aims-women in the Merchant-Taylors' Almshouses on the Tower-Hill, to be divided amongst them, 4five pounds sterling yearly for ever : to the eleik of the livery of the said company, for the time being 1 for his pains, $brty shillings yearly for ever: to the beadle of the livery of the said company, for the time being, for his pains, thirty shillings yearly for ever : to the clerk of the yeomanry of the said company, for the timeibiejiiig, for his pains, (Sweaty' shilling* yearly for ever : to the beadle of the; yeomaniy, f©» ths fcuwe being, for his pains, tenu shillings yearly for even : and to the master and wardens, for the time being, of the said company, ten shillings a piece yearly for, eyes;, most bartily desirjng them to accept of the same as a small semembranee of my good will, for their own uses, for their pains, which, from time to- time, they are to take in seeing so much of my will performed as I am bold to entreat their tyejp in ; and if the said aojjjpany of Merchant-Taylors' do either of purpose or negligence neglect, and not perform the premises, but shall leave the same unperform'd one whole year after the time it is by this my will appointed to be d*JWe>- then my will and mind' is that the governors of 4 and in 1713 on John Smith, John Dry, and Isaac Sharpe.§ Towards the end of the last mentioned year, Parsell assisted at a vestry of the inhabitants of St. Laurence Pountney's parish, con- vened for the purpose of choosing a rector of the united parishes of St. Mary Abchurch and St. Laurence Pountney. JBut the right of presentation being contested by the master, fellows, and scho- lars of Corpus Christi, or Bene't College, Cambridge, who were patrons of St. Mary Abchurch,, a lawsuit followed, which lasted between three and four years. At last a committee was appointed to adjust the differences, in consequence of which the parish sold their advowson to the college for one hundred and fifty pounds.|[ * " It is also ordered, that the clerk "prepare to be laid before the next comittee an ace 4 of the persons names who receive exhibitions from this company." — See mi- nutes of court, 23 June, 1710. ■f " Vlerho h'oc anno electus." — MS. account. J MS. account. § MS. account. | " London, Octo~r 9, 1? 13. " At a vestry holden for the parish of St. Lawrence Pountney, it Was agreed that y fe church-wardens should goe to Mr. Axehi of D rs Commons, to inquire whd has the choice of a minister of the united "parishes of Si. Mary Abchurch and St. Laiance Pountneys in y e roome of Doc r Wenchop, dec d ' and take his advice what is proper to doe in it. " London, Ocfr 28, 1713. — Att a vestry holden for the parish of St. Law- rence Pountney, " It is this day agreed by this -vestrey, upon the question, Whether this parish shall at their own charge maintaine their right of patronage, that this parish shall at their owne charge's maintaine their said right. " Ordered that the church-wardens doe take care of the right of thSS parish to the presentacon of a clerke, and to advifce thereupon with council if there shall be occacon. MERCHANT-'TAYLORs' SCH0O3U 421 This stnallness of which sum makes it a matter of regret that the friends of the school did not avail themselves of the opportunity " Ordered, that this parish will proceed to y e eleccort of a clerke, to be presented on the first Wednesday in January next, but if there shall be any occasion, the church- wardens may call another vestrey sooner, and as they shaiL think proper for the service of this parish in maintenance of their aforesaid right. " London, 5th Deer, 1713. At a vestrey, hqlden for the parish of St. Law- rence Poultney. " Ordered, that this vestrey doe now proceed to the eleccon and approbacon of a. clerke to be presented by the trustees of this parish to the bishop for institucon and induccon to the parish church of St. Mary Abchurch, to which this parish is united. Mr. Joseph Watson. J " fa nominacon, Mr. Rymek. V Mr. Joseph Watson was chosen. Mr. Bebeyman. J " Henry Briscoe, 7 _, , 7 T _ > Lhurchwardens. John Garrard, j .J. Wajd. Tho. Par.sei,j« and 19 others. " OHdeted, that die trustees of this palish doe Forthwith present, in due form of law, tfte Reverend M*. Joseph Watson to the bishop, or whom else it may concerne, for his hMftituebh atfd ttrtJuccon to the said church. " Ordered, that the surviveing trastees be joined With the church-wardens to take feare of tffe rights of this parish, ami to prosecute and defend the same in all courts ecclesiasticall and temporal]. • " Henry Briswcqe, ~} T „ > Churchteurdens. John Garrard, j Tho. Pair sell. and 17 others. " April IB, A. 1716. " Att a vestry holden this day, by the parish of St. Laurence Pountney, itt was agreed, y« Sir John Ward, Mr. Rich. Baker, Mr. Tho. Cooke; Mr. Abram Crastyne, Mr. Spurling, Mr. Nath. Micklewaite, Mr. Ant. Tourney, Mr. John Barnard, Mr. Robt. Long, and Edw. Lascelles, or any five of them, that they should consider of y e pro- pterest means to make an end of y e law affair, and to reportt itt to vestry. " Aug"t J, 1717. " At a vestery holden for the parish of St. Lawrence Poultney, London,, Mr. Lascells 42'2 THE HISTORY OP thus given them of treating for at least the alternate presentation, which was the property of the parishioners, as, in many points of view, the living in question would have been an eligible piece of preferment for the masters of Merchant-Taylors'. For, though in former times, the company had understood the statutes as proh- ibiting their teachers from holding any benefice with cure of souls,* it is not improbable, that, all circumstances considered, they might have been prevailed on either to repeal them, or un- derstand them in a less absolute sense.-f- reported from the comktee appointed by an order of vestery, dated the 18th Aprill, 1716, to treat with the master, fellows, and scholars, of St. Bennett's College, Cam- bridge, ab~t ending the law-suite betw. this parish and the said college, that the said coinittee had treated accordingly, and came to an agreement with the college to re- lease and convey all the right of this parish to the presentacon of a rector to the parish church of St. Mary Abchurch, London, upon payment of <£l50, and the -accon now depending concerning the same. Now it is agreed by this vestrey, that what the comittee have done be confirmed. And this vestrey doth order, direct, and appoint, the surviveing trustees of this parish to release and convey all the right and title of this parish vested in the said trustees to the said presentacon, and the accon now depending concerning the same, unto the said college upon payment of £ 150, unto "the church- wardens for the use of this parish. Soe that the said college doe bear the costs and charges which they have sustained in this suite, which this parish are to beare and pay what they have sustained on their part, and the said college doe pay the whole charge of such release or conveyance. " Jan. 9th, 1717-8. " At a vestrey holden for the parish of St. Lawrenae Pountney, London, it is or- dered, that Mr. Robert Long, the churchwarden, doe pay unto Mr. Eaton, the attorney, and Mr. Sayer, the proctor, their severall bills for charges in the law-suite of this parish ab~ty e right of presentacon." — From the Vestry-Book of St, Laurence Pwntney's. * See Statutes i. viii. and xx. pages 1 1, 13, and 15. From the wording of which, it should indeed seem that the benefice was not to be objected to, unless it hindered the teacher from discharging his duty in the school. But the company were in several instances pleased to understand it absolutely, as in the case of John Clerk, the head- usher, in 1595, whom Sir Robert Cecil had a few months before presented to the living of St. Mary Mounthaw, " not above a bowe shott from the place." — See minutes ef court, 3 May, 1595. t It was the opinion of many respectable divines in the reign of Elizabeth, that the MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 423 In the year 1714, there was no vacancy for a Merchant-Taylor,* and in 1715, only one, which was supplied by the election of Samuel Downes.-j- Parsell took care to have the picture of Sir Thomas White, in the chapel, fresh gilded; and the company or- dered him to be repaid the expense he had incurred by this act of piety to their " beneficiall brother.";}; On the 11th of June, 17l6> Edmund Day, William Hampton,, and Nicholas Amhurst;§ in 1717, Thomas Speed and John, Stracey ; || and, in 1718, James Fowler and Lawrence Cooke ^ were elected scholars of St. John's Several orders were made respecting the exhibitions in the gift of the company, which not only occasioned much trouble to the parties concerned, but called forth a remonstrance from the college.** But what more mat/ - clergyman and schoolmaster were incompatible characters. And this notion wajj widely disseminated in the following century by means of Burnet's ' Discourse of the Pastoral Care/ wherein, speaking of the- function and labours of a priest (ch. viii.) he says, " unless the straitness of his condition or his necessities force it, he ought to shun all other cares; such as, not only the farming of grounds, but even the teaching of schools, since these must, of necessity take him off both from his labour and study." But had that popular writer lived in the present day, it is, more than probable he would have thought it high time for the established clergy to take the education of youth into* their own hands. We have learned, by hitter experience, that.it i& not safely to be trusted elsewhere. And, if the system of education pursued among us was to receive a somewhat more religious cast, the teaching of youth, might be reckoned a ministerial employment.. * MS. account.. f MS. account. J '•' It is ordered, that the three pounds paid by Mr. Parcel!, for beautifying and guilding Sir Thomas White's picture, at the school on St. Lawrence Pountney's Hill, be repaid, him." — See minutes of court,. 15 Jan. 17l6. | MS. account. |[ " 11 June", 1717. Thomas Speed and John Stracey chosen, — John Cooke, A.M. John Thomas, examiners,T-Delaune, Wyks, D.D. Peche, Dec, A. from St. John'*." — See minutes of court. fl MS. account.. ** " Ordered, that it be referred to the standing comittee to consider of the nature 434 TP£ msTQEy op rially concerned the school was an order, ^hat every ^ij.pdU|a,^er or usher chosen by the cprnpauy should be bovno4 in a sufficient penalty to resign fcUs appointment on receiving six month's, notice v* a measure, which had the? double, effect; of contravening the b,ishop»'s, licence, and rendering the expedient of annual re-election uq^t cessary for the future. "While, however, these matteis were being arranged,. Charles ^eckingham, who. had quitted t|»e school about two ypairs, laefqi^ after making a, very great proficiency im his, studies, at fi^st under the more immediate pare oi" Matthew Smith, thp head-usher, a^4 of the exhibitions, and whnt persoss, are qualified- to aeceive tib£ same.'' — See minute* of GQiut, L$ February, 1718. " Ordered, that the clerk against the next court prepare an acc~t of what exhibitions this company have to give, and the names of the parties enjoying the same, and the time of their being fiuist admitted theretoJ'-T-«See minutes of cowt, 2 May> L-7 1 8=. " The court being inftumedy that tibe persons enjoying th« exhibitions from this com- pany were preferred!, aud thfirefoue aot fitt to» enjoy the sa«ie any longer, ordered, that they be all, dismissed) foona any further receipt of their respective exhibitions after Midir aext, and tliat tha time for electing other persons to the said exhi bitions be the first court in. Sept. next."— See minutes: of couiyt, 13/iuae, 1718. " On reading the petition q£ Alexander Stopfondi GaDtjeot*, student of St. John's Colledge, Oxford, who was lately discharged from his exhibition of fourty shillings per annum, he was re-eleeted during his good behaviour and the pleasure of this court. On reading a letter from EtimondDay, student at St. John's ColIedge> Oxford, for an exhibition, the consideration thereof is deferred for the present."-— -See- minuted ef court, 24 Sept. 1718. " AJetter from St. John's read, and an answer thereto which was. approved? of and ordered to be sent aecordingly." — See minutes of court, 2 Oct. 1718. " On reading a letter and certificate fijom William Holmes, a student of St. John's Colledge, Oxford, desiring to be readmitted to the exhibition of fib ur- pounds peraunum,, lately taken from him, it is ordered 5 that he be elected' to one of Mr. Fish's exhibition* of fourty shillings per annum, during the pleasure of this court." — See minute of court, 8 Oct. 1718. * " It is also ordered, that whenever any schoolmaster or usher be elected* by the company, he be obliged to give a bond of a proper penalty to resign>on notice." [That is six months, as in the case of Ashwell School.] — See minutes of court, 2 May, 1>718. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 425 afterwards under that of Parsell, gave the town a strong proof of his extraordinary abilities. A tragedy of his, entitled Scipio Afri- earius, was presented on the stage before he had completed Iris nineteenth year. A boldness of sentiment, an accuracy of diction, an ingenuity of conduct, and a maturity of judgement, which, in the opinion of the criticks, would have done honour to a much more ripened age, caused him to be instantly hailed as an un- common genius. Parsell, at the solicitation of Smith, gave all the boys a holiday on the afternoon of the author's benefit, in or- der to afford an opportunity to such of them as pleased, of pay* ing their compliments to their school-fellow.* In conferring which peculiar mark of distinction and regard on so meritorious a pupil, the design of the teachers was not to encourage a partiality for theatrical entertainments contrary to the sentiments of the com- pany, as delivered in Phillips's case ;f but to excite a degree' of literary emulation in the school, and thereby awaken talents for dramatic composition, which might otherwise never have been known even to their possessors, or, though partially discovered, might never have been roused to exertion in that interesting form of poetry, which all civilized nations have considered as the most rational and useful. * " Charles Beckingham was the sou of a linen-draper in Fleet-Street. He was educated at that great nursery of learning Merchant -Taylors' School, under the learned Dr. Smith, where he made a very great proficiency in all his studies, and gave the strongest testimonials qf very extraordinary abilities. In poetry, more particu- larly, he very early discovered an uncommon genius, two dramatic pieces of his wri- ting being represented on the stage before he had well compleated his twentieth year ; and those not such as required the least indulgence or allowance on account of his years. The titles of his plays, both of which were tragedies, are 1. Scipio Jfrkanus, 12mo. 1718 : 2. Henry IV. of France, 8vo. 1720. He was bom in 1699; and besides these dramatic pieces wrote several other poems; but his genius was not permitted any very long period to expand itself in ; for he died on the 18th of February, 1730, in the 32d- year of his age." — Baker's Biographia Dramalica, v. i. p. 19. f See page 401. 5 i 426 . THE HISTORY OP On the 11th of June, 1719> Gilbert Lacy, John Cleeve^ Thomas Kemp, and William Boudry were elected scholars of St. John's ;* and, on the 26th of that month, the court proceededLto the elec- tion of a rector of St. Martin's Outvvich in the room of* Whately, deceased. -f After reading an ordinance on the subject^ it was proposed that the choice should be confined to " persons educated at Merchant-Taylors' school," of which description were at least three of the candidates, Valentine Haywood and Charles Wheat- ley^ who had both been fellows of St. John's, Oxford, and Ste- phen Grigman, who was at that time fellow of St. John's, Can> bridge, on Bishop Dee's foundation ;|| the other candidates were Benjamin Carter and John Turner. But, after some debate, the *MJk account. •f^Whately, M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge, who had come in on the removal of Zinzano for not qualifying himself by taking the oaths, had enjoyed the living little more than three years, as appears by the date of the proceedings at the election. '"' On reading the petitions and testimonialls of Mr. Charles Wheatley, Mr. John Thomas, Mr. Th s Blenncrhaset, and Mr. Josiah Whately, candidates for the rectory of St. Martin Outvvich, and also of the ordinance relating to the disposal of that benefice, and on debate thereof; and a previous question being put, Whether the said four candidates should be reduced to two, and the ellection to be made out of the two on whom the majority of hands shou'd fall; it was carried in the affirmative, and then being all four put up in order, the four were reduced to Mr. Charles Wheatly and Mr. Josiah Whately, and they being severally put up, the majority of most voices fell upon Mr. Josiah Whately. And it is ordered, that a presentation be made for him to pass under the comon seal of this society at the next court, which the master declared he would call this day senight." — See minutes of court, 21 March, 1716. " There was this day sealed with the comon seale of this society a presentation, dated this day, of Mr. Josiah Wheatley, (sic in orig.) Master of Arts, to the rectory of St. Martin's Outwich." — See minutes of court, 28 March, 1716. $ Not the venerable ordinance mentioned in pages 135, 139, 8cc. but one of more modern date. § From the proceedings at Whately's election, it is evident that this was the second time of Wheatly's offering himself to the company as a candidate for St. Martin's Outwich. || Sec page 253, &c. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. -427 proposition was unfortunately waved, and the choice, by most voices, fell on Mr.Carter,* to whom the presentation, after passing tinder the seal of the company, was delivered in court, on the 3d of July .f At which meeting it was ordered that the assessment * " This gentleman held thejricjU£ge_dMye^^ i„ ordinary;^ and died of an apoplexy^J^jTag^nudTi^^ SeverafoN his sermons are priniedf from Ps. xxiii. 12. 17; Tit.iii. 1. assize, 1712.— Col. iii. 14. 4to. at the election of a Lord Mayor, Prov. xxiv. 21.— 30th Jan. 1715. 8vo.; Deut. xi. 26.— Thanksgiving, 1716, 8vo.— Assize, 1 Tim. ii. 2, 1717, 4to. ; another same year from Gal. v. 13.— On a scbopl-feast, 1718, Prov. xviii. 24. 4to. ; another 1721, Prov. xxix. 2. 4to.— Ps. cxxix. 1, 2; 5th IJov. 1722.— Rom. ii. 14, 15, assize.— Six- teen.discourses on practical so^cts.1 72^ Qyo/' -Malcolm's Londinium Redivivum, f " The master acquainted the court of the vacancy of St. Martin Outwich living.) by the death of Mr. Whately, that the next court he would declare and fix the day of election, and that the court for such declaration should be within a week."— >-See. minutes of court, 1 9 June, 1719.' • " The master acquainted the court that there should be a court of assistants on Ffriday next for the election of a rector of the parish of St. Martin Outwich now; void, and to which this company has the right of presentacon." — See minutes of court,, 22 June, 1719- " The ordinance relating to the election of a rector for the parish of St. Martin Outwich read; and on a question being proposed, Whether the company would ad- mitt any candidate for that living but v the persons educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, and seconded ; after some debate the same was waved, and then another; question was proposed and seconded, Whether the companie would oblige. the person that should be chosen to residence in the parish, which was carried in the affirraativej! and thereupon another question was putt, Whether the said person to be elected: should give a bond of o^OO penalty to reside, which was carried in the negative> and then a question being proposed, Whether this court would make an order that in case of non-residence they would complain to the Bishop, which was carried in* the negative, Ordered that the five candidates be reduced to three, and then to two. And then the five candidates, viz. Benjamin Carter, Stephen Grigman, Valentine Haywood, John Turner, and Charles Wheatley, were severally called in, and their- petitions read, and they acquainted with the company's resolution in relation to the; residence of the person that should be chosen, to which they all. consented, and pro-; mised a compliance; and then being, all severally putt in nomination the candidates were reduced to Mr.Wheatley and Mr. Carter, who being severally putt.up, the choice! 3 i 2 423 , THE HISTORY OF ,,./ for the lamp lights for the school should " be deducted out of the thirty, shillings allowed the ushers for candles."* In June 1720, the election to St. John's fell upon William Cooke, Hawley Bishop, Joseph Bracebridge, and Robert Pemberton.-f- And, early in the following month, Parsell died in the forty-sixth year of his age. J Nineteen years of his short life had been spent in the service of the school as head-usher arid head-master, in which latter character he educated Parkin, Jackson, Bonwicke, Thomas, Jones, Gilbert, Byrom, Locker, Dry, Grigman, Downs, Gibbs, Yardley, and Stracey, the first of whom was afterwards a benefactor to the boys who lose the election, the last did credit to the school in the important office of Recorder of London, and some of the intermediate ones, devoting themselves to the study of divinity, rose to dignities in the church. On the 7th of July, the vacancy was declared ;§ and, on the following Tuesday, the company were called upon to choose be- tween Dr. Gillman who, after being second usher for twelve years, had resigned: his place a twelvemonth ago,|| and Dr. Smith who, after seventeen years uninterrupted service was now next in sue- by most voices fell on Mr. Carter. And it is .thereupon ordered, that a presentation be prepared for him to pass under the seal the next court." — See minutes of court, 2d June, 1719- " A presentation that was prepared for Mr. Carter to the living of St. Martin Out- wich read and approved, and ordered to be sealed, and was sealed accordingly; and then Mr. Carter being called in, the said presentation was delivered to him in court." — See minutes of court, 3 July, 1719- ' * " Ordered that the assessment for the lamplights for Merchant-Taylors' School be deducted out of the thirty shillings allowed the ushers for candles."— -Ibid. •f MS. accouit. J He was born on the 23d of August, 1674. — See Register of the School's Probation. % " The master declared the vacancy of the master of Merchant-Taylors' School, and acquainted the court that there should be a court of assistants on Tuesday next to elect a master for that school." — See minutes of court, 7 July, 1720. || " A resignation from Dr. Gillman, of the second uslier's place at Merchant-Tay- lors' School, was read and accepted of.''— See minutes of court , 3 July, 1719. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 429 cession.* Smith, of course, succeeded; but on the novel con- dition-^ that he should be bound in a penalty of five hundred pounds " to resign on six months notice from the company requiring the same.";]: And, on the 4th of< August, the court directed " that Cicero's works, which (it seems) they had been informed had been for some time omitted, should be taught in the school."! At the election in June, 1721,. William Derham was chosen scho- lar of St. John's ;||i and at the dinner afterwards, the president and two senior fellows of the college "were, according to an order of court,^f placed at the upper end of the table on the right hand of the master of the company. * Gillman, it may be recollectetfj was of the same election with Parsell, and there- fore three years senior to Smith at the univeisity, which may- account for the oppo- sition which he offered to Smith on this occasion. — See pages 394 and 596, and the Table of Masters prefixed to this chapter. T See page 424. J " The court proceeding to the election of a master of Merchant-Taylors' School, the petitions of Dr. Matthew Smith and Dr. John Gillman, candidates for the same, Were read* and they severally called ; and Dr. Gillman presented a paper by way of addition to his petition, which being read, and a debate arising thereon Dr. Smith was called in to answer some allegations therein ; and it being moved that the person to be elected should give a bond to resign on six months notice from the company, a previous question was putt, Whether that question should be putt, and was carried in the affirmative; and then the main question being putt, Whether the person elected to be master of Merchant-Taylors' School should give a bond of .£500 penalty, with condition to resign on six months notice from the company requiring the same, — the same was carried in the affirmative, and the two candidates being called in and acquainted therewith agreed to the same; and the master moving that the election might be by way of balot, the question was put, and carried in the negative ; and then the two candidates being severally put up, Dr. Matthew Smith was elected by the most voices to be master of the said school, subject to the bond of resignation as aforesaid." — See minutes of court, 12 July, 1720. & " The master, by the direction of this court, acquainted Dr. Smith that the court required of them that Cicero's works should be taught in the school, which they had been informed had been for some time omitted."— See minutes of court, 4 August, 1720. |[ MS. account. ,..«J " Ordered that the president and two senior ffellows be placed at the said ffeast Uppermost at the side of the table, on the right-hand of the waster."— See minutes of court, 28 April, 1721. \ 430 THE. HISTORY OF In 1722, the election fell on Bryan Jackson, John Speed, and Yinall Taverner;* in 1723, on William Pestell ;f in 1724, on Richard King, William Dowding, and Thomas Brewster ;$ in 1725," on Samuel: Clark, John Everard, and Thomas Pickering ;§ in 1726, on Richard Green and Charles North ;|| and, in 1727> on Thomas Berdmore.^f In December that year, the living of St. Martin's Out vvich became vacant by the death of Carter.,** The vacancy was declar -d on the 8th of February, 1728, and the election fixed for the i> ' it. of the same month,-f-f when the more particular friends 01 the school made another effort JJ to gain a preference for the company's scholars, but without success. After some debate on the ques- tion, it was put, and carried in the negative. The person chosen was Richard Biscoe,§§ for whom a presentation passed the seal * MS. account. f MS. account. % MS. account. I MS. account. || MS. account. f MS. account. ** See page 427, note. +f " The master declared to the court that the rectory of St. Martin Outwich was vacant, and that he intended to have a court of assistants on Tuesday, the 20th inst. for the election of a person to be presented to that rectory in the room of Mr. Benj., Carter, deed." — See minutes of court, 8 February, 1728. JJ The former was in the year 17)9- — See page 462. §§ " The ordinance relating to the giving of the benefice of St. Martin Outwich, having been read. " On a motion made and seconded, that a question should be put, Whether the company would admit any candidate for the said rectory but the persons educated at Merchant-Taylors' School ; after debate thereon the said question was put, and car-, ried in the negative. " Ordered nem. con. that the master do acquaint the several candidates that this court expected they should promise actually to reside in the said parish ; and that the court did desire and recomend to them that whoever should be elected should allow, the widow of Mr. Carter to have the surplus of the prpftits of the living to Lady-day next; — and then it was ordered that the candidates should be called in, and their peti-4 tions read in an alphabeticall order, which . was accordingly done, and they werei severally acquainted with the aforsaid order, and promised their complyance there with; — and then upon debate it was ordered that the candidates be reduced to six, hen t;o four, and then to two ; and then the. several candidates being put up, they. MERCHANT-TAYLORS^ SCHOOL. 431 on the 27th.* A few months afterwards, Dr. Gibbons, who had +■)?, been educated under Goad, and elected to St. John's sixty years ago* but from whose mind time had not been able to erase his sense of obligations to the school, bequeathed the sum of fifty pounds to the person who should be upper master at the time of his decease, and the like sum for the use of the library .-j* The were reduced to Mr. Biscoe and Mr. Wheatland, who being severally put up, the choice, by most voices, fell upon Mr. Richard Biscoe, and ordered that a presentation be prepared of Mr. Richard Biscoe to pass under the comon seal at the next court." — See minutes of court, 20 February, J 728. " Richard Biscoe, M.A. Prebendary of St. Paul's, Chaplain in Ordinary, preached a sermon from 1 Pet. i. 8, and others at Boyle's Lectures, ,1742, 2 vols. %vo. n —Mal± >%?• **fy.X./> 32) . * "The presentation that was prepared for the Rev. Mr. Rich. Biscoe was read and approved of, aud ordered to pass under the comon seal." — See minutes of court, 27 February, 1728. f Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the will of William: Gibbons, of the parish of St. Paul, Covent-Garden, in the county of Mid~x, Doctor in Physick, dated 10th of April, 1725, is as follows: '. "I give unto the upper master of Merchant-Taylors' School in London, the sum of fifty pounds ; and also I give to the said school the sum of fifty pounds to be laid out in books for the library thereof: I also give to the upper master of the free school of Woolverhampton in Staffordshire, the sum of fifty pounds. Item, I give to the charity school at Woolverhampton aforesaid, the sum of five hundred pounds. Item, I give to my executrix, hereinafter named, the sum of four hundred pounds, to be laid out and employed for the teaching, educating, cloathing, and putting-out ap- prentice poor children, born in the parish of Stanton Harcourt in Oxfordshire, according to the discretion of my executrix; and also the sum of one hundred pounds to be distributed by my executrix to poor people, inhabitants of the same parish, at her discretion. Item, I give unto St. John's College in Oxon, the sum of one thousand pounds, to be laid out in the purchase of one or more perpetual advowsoti or advowsons, which I will and direct shall, from time to time, be given and piesehted to one of the fellows of the said college, who has been, or is at such time, Dean of Divinity in the said college. Item, I give the sum of one hundred pounds, to be laid out in books for the library of the said college. Item, I give to the charity school of St. Paul, Covent Garden, two hundred pounds, and to the poor of the said parish, to be distributed as my executrix shall direct, the sum of one hundred pounds; and to the poor of Hampstead in Middlesex, to be distributed as my executrix directs, 432 n> v THE HISTORY OF latter legacy was paid into court by Smith' on the 24th of May, and the choice of books to that amount was left to him.* And, on the 11th of June, Thomas Wingfield and Edward Berdmore were elected scholars of St. John's. -f- In June, 1729, the election fell on Paul Batcheller, George Co- nen, and George Pigott.J And, in December following, the death of Edrnond Day, the second usher, occasioned a little controversy between the company and Smith, which ended in the former ta- king to themselves and their successors the nomination as well as confirmation of the under masters. The original statutes, it is true, vested the choice of them in " the high maister."§ But, as this was afterwards found to be the means of keeping back men of respec- tability from connecting themselves with the school, from an un- willingness in such persons to be subject to the caprices of an in- dividual superior, it was not long* before the company found it necessary to reserve to themselves the appointment or the under teachers. And this continued to be the practise with only occa- sional deviations, till the masterships of Parsell and Smith, who proceeded very systematically to revive the dormant statutes, and one hundred pounds ; and to the poor of Pryor's Ley in the county of Saloppj twenty pounds, to be distributed by Edward Jordan, of Pryor's Ley aforesaid, Esquire ; and to the poor of Shenstone in Staffordshire, fifty pounds, to be distributed by the minister of such parish ; and to the poor of St. Giles parish in Oxon, forty pounds ; and to the president of St. John's College in Oxon, for mourning, fifty pounds; and to the college-physitian of such college, fifty pounds for mourning." * " Doctor Smith paid into this court" a legacy of ,£50, given by Dr. Gibbons, Physician, dece~d to the Merchant-Taylors' School for buying 1 books; and it is or- dered that Dr. Smith be, and was accordingly desired to purchase proper books to the amount of that sum and draw on the master for payment, and the master is hereby empowered to pay the said sum of £50 accordingly." — See minutes of court, 24 May, U28. f MS. account. J MS. account. | See Statutes x. and xix. pages 13 and 15. m merchant-Taylors' school. 433 on every vacancy presented a person (hardly to be called a can- didate) who used to be regularly admitted by the company * And it is but justice to their mempries to acknowledge that no men ever exercised an assumed power Avith less offence, so .that it may well be believed that in what they did they thought they were consulting the real interests of the foundation. But Smith having proceeded further than his predecessor, and actually intro- duced the person named by him to his seat in the school before he had received even the formal approbation of the company, they resolved to vary or reverse, if necessary, the ancient statutes of the school, sooner than give up the nomination of the under masters for the time to come, and therefore refused on this occa- sion to accept his presentation of John Burn, a member of St. John's College, Oxford. -f When the day of election arrived, which was the 26th of Fe- bruary, 1730, Daniel Brooker, a member of Lincoln College, Oxford, appeared as a candidate, and the court, after promoting the third usher to be second, proceeded to vote on the two names of Burn and Brooker. They had both been educated under Smith, and both superannuated. Nor was there any reason why one should be preferred to the other, excepting that Burn was the * See minutes of court, 22 September, 1710;, 3 July, 1719; 4 August, 1720; 29 May, 1722; and 31 March, 1726. •j- " Dr. Smith, the master of the company's school on St. Lawrence Pountney's Hill, appeared and acquainted them of the death of Mr. Day, one of the ; ushers of the said school, and the manner in which he had taken care of that school since that va- cancy happened, and presented John Burn, to be admitted one of the ushers of the said school, and a motion being made, that the question should, be put whether the company will accept of the said presentation ; and another motion was made and se- conded, that the previous question should be put, whether. that first question should be now put, and the previous question being put, it was carried that the first question, should not now be put, and then Dr. Smith was desired to take care of the school as he had hitherto done till the next court."— r-See minutes of court, 18 December, 1729. 3 K 434 THE HISTORY OF senior both at school and college by two or three years. But in the present state of things, it was sufficient that Burn had been presented by Smith, and therefore Brooker was chosen junior master by a considerable majority. However, as the contest which the company had had on this occasion was with Smith, and not with Burn, they very handsomely voted the latter a gratuity of twenty guineas for his services in the school during the va- cancy.* On the 11th of June that year, John Hubbock was elected scholar of St. John's.-f- And, on the 4th of March, 1731> the master of the company informed the court that Smith was dead.J * " At this court appeared Dr. Smith, and acquainted the court that he had, since the 5ast court, experience of the good behaviour of John Burn, whom he had presented the list court to succeed on the vacancy of an usher at Merchant-Taylors' school. And a. motion being made, that the testimonials, of Daniel Brooker might be read, and the rules relating to that school were called for and read., and then motion being made and seconded, that the question shouLd be put, whether this court would approve of the said presentation by Dr. Smith, and then the said question was put and carried in the nega~ tive, and then Mr. John Burn was called in and acquainted- that he was at liberty t» stand candidate for the said usher's place; and then the testimonial^ of John Bum and Daniel Brooker were read, and they being severally put up, Mr, Daniel Brooker was elected by the majority of voices ; and then a motion was made, that a comittee might be appointed to see if the rules formerly made for the government of Merchant- Taylors' school are necessary to be reversed or varied, and to. report their opinion to the court, and the question being seconded was put and carried in the affirmative, and ordered, that the said comittee do consist of such of the- court of. assistants as think fit to come, or any five of them. " Ordered, that Nicholas Ffayting, third usher, succeed to the place of Mr. Dayj the second usher, and that Daniel Brooker succeed as third usher, in the room of Nicholas Ffayting removed. " Ordered, that the sum of twenty guineys be allowed and paid to Mr. Jihn Burn* for his service in the school during the late vacancy." — See minules of court, 26 Februr ary, 1730. t MS, account. % " The master acquainted the court that Dr. Smith," the late master of this, com-* MERCHANT-TAYLOKs' SCHOOL, 435 During his -short -continuance at the head of the school, he had educated Derham, Fayting, Brewster., Watson, and several others, whose advancement in life would have proved a high gratification to him, had he been permitted to live a few years longer. But the mortification he had experienced of late was too great a trial not to be seriously felt by a man, whose spirits had been exhausted in an ushership of seventeen years and a headmastership often. To the unpleasant differences which had taken place between him and the company, it is probably to be attributed, that before they chose a successor, they made the condition, that whoever should be chosen should enter into a bond to resign under the en- creased penalty of one thousand pounds ; an order to which effect -being made on .the 18th of March, they immediately proceeded to raise the under-masters one degree each without opposition or de- bate according to fherecommendation of the examiners more than eighty years before,* which contending interests however had .prevented from being acted upon till now; and, with the same unanimity, was the lately unfortunate John Burn appointed -to the junior mastership. By this arrangement, the principle of succession was fully de- veloped, and the school received, for the first time since its foun- dation, a headmaster who had advanced step by step through ♦every appointment in it. This was John Cricheyf- who had been frany's school, was dead, and a vacancy occasioned thereby, and ordered that an elec- tion be made the next court of a master to succeed in that , place,"— See minutes of jcourt, 4 March, 1731. * See the proceedings which took plaee in ,the,year 1650,-on "the proposals of Mr. Bedford ..and Mr. Cr.anford, two . learned divines, for the better ordering of the discipline and teaching of the companies schoole at Lawrance Pounctneys." + " Upon presentacon of Mr. John Creech, by Mr. Thos. Parsell, to be confirmed ►third usher in the companies schoole on St. Laurence Pountney's HiU, in the room of Mr. Th s . Pickering, who has resigned his said place, and upon reading his testi- 3k2 436 THE HISTORY 01? educated under Shortyng, and elected to St. John's, but who, on taking his master's degree had resigned his fellowship. The bond was tendered to him according to the order of court, and, on the- 13th of May, the clerk reported that he had executed it-* At the same court it was directed* that the cost of the dinners; on the two examination days should for the future be defrayed rhonialls from St. John's Colledge, in Oxford, it is ordered that he be, and he is hereby elected and confirmed 3d usher of the said schoole." — See minutes of court, 22 Septem- ber, 1710. " At ihis court, appeared Mr. Parsell, and presented Mr. Wm. Pecbe to be third usher at the said school in the room of Mr. Creech, the present third usher, who, ac~ cording to the custom of the school, is to remove ito the place of Dr. Gilman, the second usher, who hath resigned ; which presentation was approved: of and confirmed."— -See- minutes of court, 3 July, 17 19* " Ordered,, that Mr. Creche* the second usher, be admitted first usher of Merchant- Taylors' school, in the room of Dr. Smith, elected master, and that Mr. Peehe, the third usher, be admitted second usher in the room of Mr. Creech removed.. " On presentation ef Mr. Ffraheis West, clerk, master of arts, by Dr. Smith, the master of the said sehool, for the place of usher at that school, the said presentation was approved of and ordered, that he be admitted to that place accordingly." — See minutes of court, A August, 1720. " Ordered, that the bond to be given by whoever shall be elected master of the- Merehant-Taylors' school, on St. tawrence Pountneys Hill* be made in the penalty of one thousand pounds. " On reading the petition of John Criche, master of arts, chief usher of the said; school, to succeed to the place of high master of the said school, the said Mr. John; Criche was elected thereto upon his entring into the usual bond given, on that account Tn the penalty of one thousand pounds. " The court then proceeded to supply the vacancy of an usher's place in the said? school occasioned by the removal of Mr. Criche ; and Mr. Fayting, the second usher in the said school was elected first usher, and Mr. Brooker, the third usher, was elected 2d usher, and on reading the petition of John Burn, he was elected third usher of the said school in the room of Mr. Brooker removed."— See miiiutes of court, 18 March,, 1731. * " The clerk acquainted the court that Mr. Criche bad entr.ed into the usual bond for resignation of one thousand pounds penalty."— See minutes of court,. 13 May, 1731. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 437 out of the stock of the company, provided the expense did not exceed five pounds for each dinner.* The entertainment on the 11th of June had already been paid for in the same manner, the appointment of stewards having ceased a few years before."}- On St. Barnabas's Day, William Territt, Arnold King, John Lloyd, and George May, were elected scholars of St. John's; J and, on the 16th of December, in consequence of inconveniences which had resulted from the admission of Jews, it was ordered, that for the future no boy of that nation should be admitted into Merchant-Taylors' school.^ In 1732, the election fell on Abel Moysey, John Spier, Edward Bridges Blackett, and James Weedon ;||, in 1733, on John Monro ;% and, in 1734, on Thomas Stockton, William Hay, and William Perkins;** on the last of which occasions, the election-dinner began to be kept at the hall, in the same manner as at present,"j-j- though on a smaller scale. Of all the masters of Merchant-Taylors', there had never per- * " Ordered,, that the two dinners on the probation-days be provided at the com- pany's charge, so as the expense do not exceed five pounds for each dinner." — Ibid. ■f "■ It is ordered, that the livery fine of, this company be for the future the sum of £30, and that the members paying such fine be not called on to serve the office of stew- ard, and that the company be at the charge of the Lord-Mayor's Day and school feasts, and the office of stewardship cease after the present members of the livery now remain- ing on the roll, who have not passed the office of steward, be passed that office by service or fine."- — See minutes of court, 29 Nov. 1726. J MS. account. § " Ordered, that for the future no Jew be admitted into the company's grarnar. school, on St. Lawrence Pountney's Hill." — See minutes of court, 16 Dec. 1731. — The contemptuous manner in which they treat the Testaments and Catechisms is of itself a .sufficient reason for excluding the children of Jewish parents from a place of . Christian education. || MS. account.. f MS. account. ** MS. account.. ff " Ordered, that the dinner on the day of election from the company's school, be for the future holden at the hall." — See minutes, of court, 29 May, 1734. 438 THE HISTORY OP haps been one who regarded money with more philosophical con- tempt than Criche. His inattention to pecuniary matters amount- ed to a fault. And yet even this indifference to the fair emolu- ments of his office could not screen him from the malevolence of some, who insinuated that he exacted from his scholars more than he was either of right or custom entitled to receive. A com- mittee was appointed to investigate his conduct,* but, as no re- port was made by them, it is justly to be concluded, that the complaint proved as groundless a* the cause of it was improbable. He was permitted to go on enriching others out of the rich stores with which his mind was furnished, and lived to have ample ex- perience of the ingratitude, with which the teachers life is too ge- nerally embittered .-j- Far more pleasant, though shorter, was the path through life which had fallen to the lot of his old schoolfello w, Will iam Stuart. Attaching himself to the study of divinity, his merits -were re- warded with the chancellorship of the diocese of Exeter, and other preferments. A beloved wife and an ample fortune made year after year pass pleasantly. Nor was any thing wanting but a family, which he considered as one of heaven's choicest blessings, to complete his happiness. It was his fate, however, to go down * "On a motion made and-seconded, that acomittee might 'be appointed to inquire what sums of money are either of right or customarily taken from the scholars of the company's school, on St. Laurence Pountney's Hill, and also to enquire into the be- haviour of Mr. Creech, the master, towards the scholars, the question was put and carried in the affirmative, and ordered, that the said comittee consist of the master, wardens, Mr. Ashurst, Beputy Pomeroy, Mr. Marsland, and Mr. Jos. Nash> or any -three of them." — See minutes of court, 28 June, 1738. f A topic which, it seems, occupied the attention of the great Melancthon, not- withstanding the deep and important controversies in which he was engaged. Herbert, in his Typographical Antiquities, v. ii. p. 945, mentions a book, entitled " The Mise- ries of Schqole Maisters, uttered in a Latine oration, made by the famous clearke, Philip Melancthon." , Licensed, octavo, 1 569. merchant-Taylors' school. 439 childless to the grave. But, as he went, he bequeathed to the children of others a portion of that property which he had none of his own to inherit. He gave the sum of two thousand five hundred pounds, after the death of his wife, nephew, and niece, to found two exhibitions, the one at St. John's College, Oxford, for eight years, and the other at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, for seven years, for boys who have continued in the school five years at least in hopes of being elected out of it, and have come the nearest to it, and yet lost the election for no fault in morals or defect in learning, but by superannuation only.* And therefore gratitude prompts the * Copy of so much of the Rev. Dr. Stuart's will as relates to .£2500 given to Mer- ehant^Taylors' School, &c. " In the name of God, Amen ! I, William Stuart, Doctor in Divinity a jid Chan- cellor of the Di ocese of Exeter, b eing in perfect mind and memory, and mindful of' my mortality, do make and declare my last will and testament, in manner and form following : " To my beloved wife, Mary Stuart, I give, as a jointure, the sum of <£<2500, for her to enjoy all the interest, income, or profits of the said sum during her natural life, and after her decease to be inherited by the child or children which Ged shah give me by her. " But, if it shall please God that I shall die childless, then from and after the de- cease of my said dear wife, the said sum of =£'2500 enjoyed by her as above said, shall descend to be equally divided between my nephew the Rev. Mr. Charles Stuart and my niece Mary Stuart, and to their or either of their children to be enjoyed by them and the survivor of them. " And, in the meanwhile, if the said' sum of ,£2500j so given- as a jointure to my dear wife, and after her death to be divided between my said nephew and niece, should be found not safe in the hands, or under the securities, I shall, have put them out upon, it shall then be in the power of my said dear wife, by and with the consent of my said nephew and niece, but not in the power of my said nephew and niece with- out the free and actualconsent of my said dear wife, to call in any part of the said c£2500 as they shall see cause to think not safe, but shall be obliged to put it out again in such a manner as shall be to the satisfaction and security of my said dear wife. " In case my said nephew and niece should die unmarried, or by their marriage should have or leave no child behind them, then my will and meaning is, and I do hereby William Stuart. testament in the presence of us, J James Bond. : Charles Webber. Richard Langworthy." * Isaiah, lvi. 5. f MS. account. J MS. account. § MS. account. }| " Ordered that the stewards of the feast of the gentlemen educated at Merchant-* Taylors' School have the use of the hall for the 17 Novr next, on paying the officers ff ees ."—See minutes of court, 6 October, 1737. MKRCft ANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 443 Richard Main waring, and Thomas Weales ; * in 1739, John Dun- can, Ashton Thorp, and William Gardiner;^ in 1740, Peter Whalley and William Roman ;+ and in 1741, Cornwal Tathwell and William Macham,§ were elected scholars of St. John's; And, on the 18th of September, in the last mentioned year, the court, being called on to fill up one of Vernon's exhibitions, re- solved that the person who should be chosen should enjoy it no longer than eight years. They likewise ordered the clerk to pre- pare, against the next meeting, a list, of all the exhibitioners, spe- cifying the qualifications of the parties and the dates of their re- spective elections. || A statement of which kind was laid before the court on the 16th of December.^ On the 11th of June, 1742, Jeremiah Nicholson, Richard Tire- man, and Ralph Drake were chosen scholars of St. John's.** And, on the 21st of July, the court ordered some repairs to be done at the school-house, where three of the windows, which had hitherto been casements, were to be furnished with sashes.-f-f- * MS. account. f MS. account. J MS. account. § MS. account. || " On reading the petitions of John Casberd, William Gardiner, and Peter Whal- ley for one of Mr. Vernon's exhibitions, vacant by the resignation of Hawley Bishop, ordered that no person to whom the said exhibition shall be granted shall enjoy the same longer than eight years. Ordered that the clerk do against the next court in- quire who the persons were that now enjoy the other exhibitions in the disposal of this company, and how long they have enjoyed the same respectively, and, as far as he can, the qualifications of the said several persons. The court then proceeding to the election of a person to the said exhibition, John Casberd was elected to the said exhibition subject to the foregoing orders of this court for limiting the time during which the said exhibition should be enjoyed." — See minutes of court, 18 September, 1741. f " The clerk laid before this court a list of Mr. Fish and Mr. Vernon's exhibitors, pursuant to the directions of the last court." — See minutes of court, 16 December, 1741. ** MS. account. +f " On application on behalf of Mr. Criche for that purpose, ordered that th$, 3 L2 444 THE HISTORY OF In 1743, the election fell on Abraham Joseph Rudd and Charles Saunders;* and, in 1744, on Thomas Hitchcock.f Some further repairs were done at Criche*s request, and the chains taken off from the books in the library. J Oil the 11th of June, 1745, John Chalmers, Baylis Casberd, Johjn Chesher Heyborne, and Vicesimus Knox were chosen scho- lars of St. John's. § And, on the 18th of September, thecoma pany, proceeding to the choice of an under master, very pru- dently reduced the three candidates, who presented themselves, to two;|| by which measure they avoided the dissatisfaction, which usually attends the election of a person by any number short of a majority of the whole number of electors. Early in the year 1746, the Court of Chancery decreed, that school-house on Saint Lawrence Pbuntneys Hill, be whitewashed and plaistered, and that three of the windows of the said house be changed for sashes, according to a computation laid before this court, amounting to «£21 : 5." — See minutes of court, 21 July, 1742. * MS. account. •f- MS. account. $ " A letter from Mr. Criche was laid before this court alledging some repairs, whitewashing and painting, were necessary to be done to the school-house on St. Law- Pountny's Hill, and also desiring the chains of the books of the library there might be taken off. Ordered that it be referred to the master and wardens to view the school-house and adjoining buildings, and give such directions, touching the repairing, whitewashing, and painting thereof, arid also concerning the chains of the said books, and for securing the said books as they shall think proper." — See minutes of court, 11 July, 1744. § MS. account. || " On reading the several petitions testimonial of John Harbin, Michael Smith, and Thomas Weales, candidates for the place of usher for the company's grammar- school on St. Lawrence Pountney's Hill, the court was of opinion the candidates should be, and they were accordingly reduced to two, viz. John Harbin and Thomas Weales, being severally put up, the choice, by most voices, fell on Thomas Weales, who is to enjoy the said place during his good behaviour, and the pleasure of this dourt."-— See minutes of court, 18 Sept. 1745. merchant-Taylors' school. 445 the securities for the sum of two thousand five hundred pounds, bequeathed by Stuart,* should be assigned over to trustee? to be approved of by one of the masters of that court.f Mr. Joshua * See page 437. f Copy of Minutes of Decree relating to Doctor Stuart's benefaction. " At the Rolls. "J -\ Cur. decree that the defendant Atkin do assign over the- M~r of the Rolls. 5 f remainder of the securities for j£3370 to trustees, to be ap- Stuart. "> r proved of by the master upon the trusts "hereafter men- Atkin. J J tioned, and the said defendant Atkin is to come to an ac- count before the master, for the interest accrued, due on the seveial securities received by him, or by Mrs. Saffin his testatrix, or by any other person or persons, by his ot- her order, or for his or her use; and the said defendant is to be at liberty to retain so much of the said interest, as accrued due in the life time of Mary Stuart deceased, to his own proper use as her representative, (except as to the interest of ,£500; part of the sum of .£1600, due by mortgage, on the estate of Mr. Williams, in the plead- ings mentioned); and the said defendant is to pay over such part of the interest, as accrued due since the death of the said Mary Stuart to the petitioner.. " And let the said def~t Atkin pay the sum of =f400 and £200 received by him on; the bonds, from Swaine and Denning, in the pleadings mentioned, with interest For. the same, to be computed by the master to such trustees so to be approved of on the trust hereafter mentioned ; and out of the securities so to be assigned, and money so to be paid as aforesaid, let the master set apart £2500, which is to be continued or laid out in government, or real securities to be approved of by the master, to answer the bequests in the testator's will concerning the said £2500. And, as to the rest of the said securities and money, the same are to be assigned and paid, and the deeds, writ- ings, and securities, relating thereto, are to be delivered over to the petitioner,. And, as to the said ,£2500, directed to be continued or placed out on government, or real,, securities, as aforesaid, let the interest thereof be paid to the petitioner, till such; time as any of the contingencies in the said testator's will respecting the same shall happen. And, on any such contingencies happening, let the persons interested there- in be at liberty to apply to this court for further directions touching the same, and let all parties join in the aforesaid assignment as the said master shall direct, and the said master is to settle the said assignment in case the parties differ about the same. And,, for the better taking of the account and discovery of the matters aforesaid, both sides- are to produce before the master, upon oath, all books of accounts, deeds, papers, and writings, in their custody or power relating thereto, and are to be examined on: interrogatories as the said master shall direct, who, in taking of the said account„is. 446 THE HISTORY OP Geekie, of the Inner Temple, who had the management of the business, proposed that there should be four trustees on behalf of the different parties.* After the necessary correspondence had taken place, John Dry, Doctor in Divinity, was appointed on the behalf of Merchant-Taylors' School ; John Stracey, Esq. on the behalf of St. John's College, Oxford ; Henry Trollope who re- sided near St. Al ban's, on the part of Pembroke Hall, Cam- bridge ; and William Geekie, Doctor in Divinity, for Mrs. Stuart. And, by this arrangement the money was taken care of, in the, event of the nephew and niece of the testator dying without issue. to make unto the defendant Atkin all just allowances touching or concerning the said trust, and is also to make unto the other parties all just allowances ; and the deeds, writings, and securities relating to the said =£2500, are to remain with the master, for the benefit of the parties interested therein. And all Parties are to be paid their costs of this suit, to be taxed by the said master, together with the expense of the said assignment out of the said estate, and refer it to the master." * Letter from Mr. Joshua Geekie to Dr. Long, Master of Pembroke Hall, Cam- bridge. " Inner Temple, April 15, 1746. " S r " On hearing the cause relating to the =£2500, given to several charities by the will of the late Dr. Stuart, in case of the death of his nephew and niece without issue, the Court of Chancery hath decreed that the securities for that sum shall be assigned over, ol- the monies paid to trustees, to be approved of by Master Eld, one of the masters of that court. " I intend to propose four trustees to the master for his approbation, one on behalf of Pembroke Hall in Cambridge, one on behalf St. John Baptist's College in Oxford, one on the part of Merchant-Taylors' School, and the other for Mrs. Stuart, and desire you will please to favor me with the name of such person as you desire should be the trustee for y r college, and I will propose him to the master. If the trustee lived in London, it might be more convenient for transacting the affairs of the trust ; but this I submit to you. I beg the favor of your answer ; " And am, Sir, " Y~r humble and most obedient servant, " Joshua Geekie." MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 447 Two years elapsed without a vacancy happening at Oxford,* when a will was proved, which promised to extend the patronage of the school very essentially at Cambridge.f It was that of * MS. account. f Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. " In the will, with codicil annexed, of John Andrew/Doctor of Laws £ lateof Doc- tors' Commons, London, deceased, dated 15th May, 1747, is as follows '• &^' ^fajfofc " In the name of God, amen. I, John Andrew, doctor of laws, of Doctors' Com- mons, London, do make this my last will and testament, having a lively faith in God^s mercy through Christ, and a thankful remembrance of his death, thro' whose alone merits I hope for pardon for all my sins, and a joyful resurrection at the last day. I desire that my body may be privately and without pomp deposited in the chapel of Trinity Hall, in" Cambridge, and that a sum not exceeding one hundred pounds may be expended on a decent marble monument, without any other encomium than of a well-wisher to the prosperity of that society. In order to make a secure and suitable provision for my relations, relying on the justice, care, and integrity, of the society in regard to them, and for the future encouragement of learning, I do order and direct, that as soon as a suitable purchase of a freehold estate, or estates, in land may be met with, all my 3 percent, annuities in. the Bank of England be sold and vested- therein,, and settled to the following uses, viz. that the rents, issues, and profits, thereof, be paid half-yearly to my dear sisters, Ann Andrew, Elizabeth Woodward, Bridget Andrew, and Lois Andrew, share and share alike, during their joint lives, and to the survivors and survivor of them ; and, after the death of the last survivor, then to the use of the said college or hall of the Holy and undivided Trinity in the university of Cambridge, that the said lands be vested in the said college, which, by virtue of a licence of mort- main, they are enabled to lake. And I desire and direct, that four new scholarships be then founded, the scholars to be chosen to be such as have been educated at Mer- chant-Taylors' school, in the city of London, who have been in the table or bench at the said school, who, besides the usual allowance and payments made to the other, scholars of the house shall have and receive five pounds quarterly from the bursar of the said college, and the remainder of the rents, issues, and profits, of the said estate, or estates, as the same shall come in, to be put out at interest on government or other publick securities, u'ntill there shall be raised the sum of twenty thousand pounds to be laid out in additional buildings to the college, either according to the plan already made, or such other as the society may think more convenient. And I do desire, that so soon as the said- three per cent, annuities shall be vested in lands, that an account be. made up of the several receipts and payments in the-same manner'as the causeway ac- count now kept or made up, and at the same time. And, that the master for the time 448 THE HISTORY OF John Andrew, an eminent civilian in Doctors' Commons, who, from gratitude to Merchant-Taylors', where he had been bred,, being be allowed out of the rents and profits of the said estate the sum of five pounds, the bursar the like sum of five pounds, and each fellow who shall be present at making up the said account, the sum of twenty shillings. And the bursar to be likewise allowed a salary of twenty pounds a year, for his trouble in receiving and paying the rents and profits of the said estate to my sisters punctually, according to the directions of this my will. And after the said sum of twenty thousand pounds shall be raised for the building, I do order and direct that four new fellowships be erected and added to the present number upon the same footing and subject to the same rules and statutes, and with the same profits, allowances, and privileges, in all things as the other civil law fel- lowships, and to be chosen and appointed in the same manner, saving that no person shall be qualified, or capable of being chosen or. appointed by lapse to any of the said fellowships, unless he shall have been educated at Merchant-Taylors' school, and shall have been in the bench or table at the said school, if any may be found fitly quali- fied in either of the universities of Cambridge or Oxford, those who are or have been scholars of house in the said college first to be preferred, if fit. And when the said fellowships shall be added, the said account to be discontinued and cease, and the rents, issues, and profits, of the said estate, or estates, to be applied to the general use of the said college; but the salary of twenty pounds a year to be continued to the bursar, and ten pounds a year to be added to the salary of the law lecturer. And I do direct, that until such time as a proper purchase can be met with, the aforesaid three per cent, annuities shall be and remain in the same fund, and the interest and divi- dends thereof be received by my executrix to the use of herself and her aforesaid sisters and the survivors and survivor of them share and share alike. And, I do desire my worthy friends, Dr. Simpson, master of the said college, and Dr. Charles Pinfold, Jun. will be pleased to assist my executrix in purchasing the said estate or estates, with the approbation of the college, that the same may be settled according to this my will, so that my sisters may receive the income thereof punctually and without trouble. And I give to each of them the sum of one hundred pounds. And, in case any loss should happen, my executrix shall in no wise be answerable for it, the charges of the purchase or otherwise arising from settling the same, to be paid out of the prin- cipal, and not out of the interest or dividends of the said 3 per cent, annuities. And, I give to the said college the further sum of one hundred pounds, as also the piece of plate which was given me by his Grace the L~d Archbishop of Canterbury, and the cup and cover given me b}' my dear friend, Dr. Tenison. I humbly request my most honoured Lords and patrons, John, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and Edmund, LTd Bishop of London, to accept of a piece of plate each of one hundred pounds, merchant-Taylors' school, 449 and Trinity Hall, where he had completed his education, designed a benefaction which would' have done honour to the munificence of a prince. Relying (as* lie expressed himself) on the justice, care, and integrity, of the master, fellows, and scholars, of Trinity Hall, he directed ! that as soon as a suitable purchase of a freehold estate in land might be met with, all his three per cent, annuities in the Bank of England should be sold and vested therein, that the profits should be paid to his four ? sisters during their joint in memory of their faithful servant. I give to my dear brother, the Rev. William Andrew, one thousand pounds capital stock in the Bank of England, and to his daughters, Sarah and Thomasine, likewise one thousand pounds capital stock apiece to each of theni. I likewise give to my brother, his executors and administrators, the interest of one thousand and fifty pounds, lent by^me upon the Huntingdon and Cambridge, turnpike, to be applied to the use and maintenance of his son, John An- drew, during his natural life, in such manner as he my said brother shall direct and appoint. And,' in case the same shall be paid off tb be placed out again at interest on governor t or other pubfick security. Arid, after his death, I give the said prin- cipal sum of one thousand and fifty pounds; to the master, fellows, and scholars of Trinity Hall aforesaid, to be laid out in lands for the use of the said college towards the better enabling them to : support the additional, scholarships, and fellowships. And, untill the same shall be erected, the income and profits thereof to be made part ef the fund intended for their additional buildings, and to be entred in the account before directed to be kept. .1 give to his. son William the interest and dividends of five; hundred pounds capital hank stock during his natural life, the said capital stock to be transferred to the aforesaid college, and, after- his death to be applied in the same manner as the aforesaid sum of one thousand and fifty pounds. . " In case my sister, 'Bridget, shall survive my sisters, Woodward and Lois, as her health will not permit her to enjoy what I have given her, I do direct that the colledge .do pay her two hundred; pounds a year clear of all deductions ; >and that the remainder of my three per cent, and India slock be applyed to the account towards the addi- tional buildings, or the profits of the estates purchased therewith: And whereas, since the writing of this my will, and before the execution thereof, it has pleased God to take to himself my dear sister, Aon Andrew, I order. and direct that the one thou- sand pound capital East-India stock thereby given to her, be added to my three per cent. Bank annuitys, and to ' the uses in the same manner and form, and to all the same intents and purposes whatsoever, as they are directed to be settled and en- joyed." 3 M 450 THE HISTORY OV lives, and to the survivor of them, and then to Trinity Hall, where he ordered four new scholarships to be founded for the benefit of young men educated at Merchant-Taylors', who, besides -the usual allowance made to the other scholars of the house, should receive five pounds quarterly ; and, that the remainder of the profits of the estate, as the same should come in, should be put out at interest until there should be raised the sum of twenty thousand pounds to .be laid out in additional buildings to the hall. And the testator also directed, that after that sum should be raised, four new fellowships should be added to the then pre- sent number upon the same footing as the other civil law fellow- ships, with a preference to persons educated in the table and bench of Merchant-Taylors', if any such might be found qualified in either of the Universities. But, owing to the long life of one of his sisters, nothing more was done in reference to this benefaction for many years, during which interval many a youth, anxious to partake of Andrew's beneficence, wondered at the longevity of the maiden, Lois Andrew, till after whose decease not even the scholarships could be founded. In 1748, Matthew Disney was elected scholar of St. John's.* On the 19th of April, 1749, the court left it to the discretion of the master and wardens for the time being, to let the stewards of the school-feast have the use of the hall on the old condition of paying the customary fees to the officers of the company .-\- And, on the 11th of June that year, the election fell on James Altham and William Fullerton.;]: ; On St. Barnabas's Day, 1750, John Browne, Samuel Bishop, * MS. account. f " It is hereby left to the discretion of the master and wardens for the time being ■to admit, if they think fit, the stewards of the feast of the persons educated at the Merchant-Taylors' school, to have the use of the hall paying only the officers' fees." — See minutes of court, \Q April, 1749. J MS., account. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 451 and Thomas: Altham^ were elected to St. John's* In "the follow- ing month it was referred to the master and wardens to give the necessary, directions in respect of a less early attendance of the masters and scholars of. the school during the winter season.* And, towards the end of the year, the court, having first consulted Griche on the subject, ordered that no boy who proposes to be a candidate for one of Sir Thomas A^hite's scholarships should be admitted higher than the fourth form ;. and that if any scholar should be entered above that form, notice should be taken in his ticket of admission that he is not eligible to St. John's, Oxford :$ by which regulation, sanctioned as it was by the approbation of an honest and experienced master, , boys of long standing at Mer- chant-Taylors- were kindly and justly secured from the introduc- * MS. account. • > *■'■ ;. f This was a departure from the old statute—" The children shall. come to the sehoole in the mornyng at seaven of the clock, both, winter and spmer." — See Stat, xxvii. page 17- "The court being, informed, that it was inconvenient for. the scholars and* masters' at the Mercbant-Tayl.prs' schpol, on St. Lawrence .Poiintney's Hill, to come to school so early as seven o'clock in the morning for two or "three months in the short days of- the winter, and that it was hoped the company' would indulge them not to come to ,the schopi til) half an,hour after 7, for such time in. the winter, as should be thought proper, the court was of opinion and, ordered, that it be referred to the master and wardens to give such directions in that point as they shall see fit." — See minutes of court, 12 July, 1750.. %.. "Ordered, that Mr. Crjche, the master of , the school on St. Lawrence. Ppuntney's Hill, do attend at the next court to shew cause, if he has any, why this court should not make an order that no scholar be admitted into that school above the fourth divi- sion." — See minutes of court, 26 October, 17-50. " At this court i Mr. Criche, the master pf the school on St. Laurence Pountney's Hill, appeared, pursuant to the order of the last court,, and acquainted them that he had no objection to an order, being, made, if the court think fit, that no. scholar be admitted into that school higher than the fourth fpi;m, who proposes to be a, candidate at the election to, St. John's College, Oxpn. And that if any. scholar, be admitted, higher than the fourth. form, notice be. taken, in the. warrant for his admission, that such scholar is not to be eligible to ,St.;John's College,. Qxon. And this court doth. orcler the same accordingly." — See minutes of court,. 20 December, 1750- 3 M 2 452 THE HISTORY OP tion of competitors from other schools, who might otherwise have carried off the prize for which they had been striving from three to twelve years* and in reasonable expectation of which their friends had incurred no inconsiderable expense in their education and board.* In 1751, the election fell on Richard Walter y\- and in 1752, on Edward Warneford and Charles Warneford.J And, on the 2d of November, the company, not affected by the antipathy that gene- rally prevailed against the change of the stile, ordered the salaries of the masters to " be paid at, and as due at the several quarter- days, according to the new calendar." §. The year 1753 opened with a memorial, presented to the com- pany by one Mr. Vickers, in which he complained " of partiality with respect to the placing his son in the school." The court di- rected a copy of the memorial to be delivered to Criche, and Fayting the head-usher, who were desired to return their answers thereto at the next meeting.|| Accordingly, on the 13th of April, diie attention was paid to what was urged on either side, and as there did not appear to be sufficient ground for the complaint, the company abstained from making any order respecting it. But to prevent, if possible, any cavilling at the promotions of the boys, it was enjoined that for the future the exercises of the * Some other orders respecting the election to St. John's are noticed at pages 49 and 226. •J* MS. account. % MS. account. M; § " This court was of opinion, and 'ordered, that the several salarys of the school- masters,' payable by tfels company, be paid at, and as due at the several quarter-days, according to the new calendar." — See minutes of court, 2 November, 1752. || " A memorial of .Mr. Samuel Vickers, complaining of partiality with respect to the placing his son in the Merchant-Taylors' School, was read, and ordered that a copy of the said memorial be delrvered to Mr. Criche and Mr. Fayting, and that they be •desired to return to this court an answer thereto." — See minutes of court, 24 January, 1753. merchant-Taylors' school. 453 fourth and fifth forms on the two last probation-days should be preserved from time to time, that they may be resorted to as oc- casion, may require, in vindication of* the equity of the masters' proceedings.* On the 11th of June the election fell on Edmund Tew, Wasey Sterry, and Moses Porter.-f- On the 25th of January, 1754, on application made to the court by the Reverend William Agate, acquainting them that his son, William Agate, having been absent and removed from the school for some time on account of illness, and again taken into the school without a new ticket of admission, a doubt had arisen, whether he might be a candidate for election to St. John's, and soliciting that the order of court of the 15th of June, 1625, re- lating to scholars removed from Merchant-Taylors' to other schools, might be dispensed with in regard to his son, the court ordered that, in consideration of the peculiar circumstances of the case, the order should be dispensed with in that particular instance, but without prejudice to the observance of it in future. J * " On reading the letteTs of Mr. Criche and Mr. Faiting, in answer to the com- plaint of Mr. Sam'.Vickers of partiality exercised in the placing his son in the com- pany's school, and consideration had thereof, and of the said complaint, this court was of opinion that there is not a sufficient foundation for the said complaint, and do not think fit to make any order touching the same. But this court was of opinion, and ordered, that the exercises of the scholars in the fourth and fifth forms on the two last probation days, be from time to time preserved, to the intent they may be re- sorted, if occasion requires." — See minutes of court, 13 April, 1753. f MS. account. 4; " On application made to this court by the Reverend Mr. William Agate, ac- quainting them that his son, WHliam Agate, a scholar at, Merchant-Taylors' School, having been absent and removed from that school for some time on account of illness, ■and having been again taken into that school without a new ticket for his admission, « doubt had arisen, whether he might be a candidate to be elected to St. John's Col- lege, Oxon.; and praying that the order of this court of the 15th of June, 1625, re- lating to the case of scholars removed from Merchant-Taylors' to other schools may •be dispensed with in regard to his son 4 on consideration of the particular circum- stances of this case, this court was of opinion, and ordered, that the said older of the 454 THE HISTORY OF In 1754, Archibald Brakenridge, Samuel Vickers, and Samuel Kettilby;"* in 1755, Thomas Johnson and John Braken ridge ;f in 1756, Francis Finch and William Agate; J and in 1757, Tho- mas Taylor, John Peach, Samuel Dennis, and Henry Peach,§ were elected scholars of St. John's. But, in 1758, there was no vacancy for a Merchant-Taylor. || On the 4th of May, 1759, the court instituted an inquiry into the circumstances of the persons holding exhibitions from the company, and expressed an opinion that for the future a month's notice should be given before they proceeded to choose an exhi- bitioner.^ On the 11th of June that year the election fell on John Moore, William Campbell; and Charles Plucknett.** And, on the return of St. Barnabas's Day in 1760, John Land and Tho- mas Clark were elected scholars of St. John's.-j-j- A few weeks afterwards the venerable Criche expired, as he had lived, in the service of the school, at the honourable age of four- score.JJ leaving behind him the character of a diligent teachecj and a well-grounded scholar.§§ The peculiarities which kept him 15lh of June, 16*25, be dispensed with as to the said William Agate, and' that hebe admitted a candidate at the election to the said college of St. John, the said order notwithstanding ; but without prejudice to the observanee-of the said order in future." — See minutes of court, 25 January, 1754. * MS. account. f MS. account. £ MS. account. § MS. account. || MS. account. ^J " Ordered that enquiry be made, who enjoy the several exhibitions payable by this company, and what preferment they have, and for how long time they have en- joyed their respective exhibition-. " Of opinion that in future there be a month's notice of any choiee to be made of any person to an exhibition." — See- minutes of murt, 4 May, 175Q. ** MS. account. t*b MS. account. JJ It appears from the Register of the School's Probation that Criche was born m March, 1G80. §§ " Mr. Bishop often mentioned, with gratitude, the improvement he had received under the instruction of that worthy man."— Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, prefixed to Ms poetical works, page xvii. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 455 hack from notice and distinction originated in his being an old bachelor and a non-juror. Of the half century, during which the walls of Merchant-Taylors' witnessed his daily assiduit}%* he had been head-master for the space of thirty years, a longer period than bad fallen to the lot of any of his predecessors. King, Hay, Stonhouse, Moisey, Monro, J. Moore sen. Townley, Beu- zeville, Painter, Duncan, Clive, Finch, Whalley, Tireman, Hitch- cock, Mores, Green* Bishop, Taylor, Dennis, J. Moore jun. and many others, to whom the present generation have looked up as to fathers, friends, and instructors, are to be reckoned among his pupils. The greater part of them, after serving mankind usefully and honourably in their several professions, have long since fallen a prey to the great destroyer. , But some few remain, like the last oaks to which the woodman lays his axe, to shew us, by example, what their ; brethren were. And may they long remain an orna- ment to the school that trained them, and an honour to the com- pany that patronized them ; a blessing to their more immediate connections, and instruments to the last of promoting the pub- lick weal ! * The dates of his promotions maj be seen in the notes to pages 434 and 435* 456 THE HISTORY OF CHAPTER V. The Masterships of Townley> Green, Bishop, and Cherry, containing; the Space of Fifty-Two Years* NO sooner had Criche breathed his last than every singularity^ which had marked his character was forgotten in the remem- brance of his virtues. On an income which had never been great, and which had of late years fallen as his infirmities in- creased,* he had struggled hard to show himself a father to the fatherless, and had generously supported the children of his sister. But when, in addition to this, it was known that, in the last stage of decrepitude and illness, he- had broken into, the solitary hundred which, in days of comparative wealth and prosperity, he had laid by for the payment of his last debts and funeral charges, a general feeling of regret was excited, that some suitable and timely prbvision had not been made for a veteran in the service of literature of such worth and respectability. * The greater part of the income of the head-master of Merchant-Taylors* arising not from the salary allowed by the company, but from the quarterage paid by the scholars, it is easily to be conceived, that when a man in that situation has outlived the age of exertion and popularity, the numbers in. the school will decline, and pro- duce a proportionate reduction in his emoluments. This was the case of old Crichej When he first succeeded Smith he had 244 boys on the book. But, during the last three or four of the many years that he was constrained, even after strength* failed, to retain his situation for the sake of a morsel of bread, the number of boys was re- duced to 1 16. merchant-Taylors' school. 457 Of this feeling his successor reaped the advantage ; for, on the 11th of July, before it was known who that successor would be, it was determined, in general, that the salary of the master of Merchant-Taylors' should be augmented ;* and that day se'night it was agreed that the salary, which had never yet been raised from the foundation of the school, when it was fixed at ten pounds,-f- should for the future be a hundred per annum ; bul that the person elected should be bound in the penalty of one thou- sand pounds to resign the situation on due notice.;}; Knox,§ the first usher, officiated during the vacancy, and by order of the court received the benefit of the breaking-up money from the boys in the fifth and sixth forms at Bartholomew-tide,! but declined standing for the headship. The first candidate who ^offered himself was John Mooie, who had been educated by the*/ * " The master, Mr. Alderman Nash, acquainted the court that the place of toaster after completing his education at St. John's, where he took his degree of Master of Arts, had returned to Merchant-Taylors' as third usher,-f- and would now have been next in succession, if the governors of Christ's Hospital, attracted by the report of his bril- liant talents, had not in the mean time called him to the master- ship of their grammar school .% The scale turned in Townley's favour, and, on the 8th of August,- he was elected on the usual condition. | * See page 86* note. — This worthy man was the father of the present senior ex- aminer, a^d of Nathaniel Moore, who will be mentioned in a subsequent page, •f " On reading the petition of James Townley, Master of Arts, for the place of 3d usher at the company's school on St. Lawrence Poiintney's Hill, in the room of Mr. Thomas Weales, who has resigned; he was elected thereto, during his good behaviour ?nd the pleasure of this court." — See minutes of court, 22 December, 1748., J " At this court appeared Mr. Townley, 3d usher at the company's school on St. Lawrence Pountney's Hill, and signified to them that he being elected master of the school at Christ's Hospital, he did resign his place of usher, but would continue to officiate till this company can provide themselves with a proper person to succeed to that place,— the court was of opinion that the sajd place of usher should, be forthwith supplied." — See minutes of court, 13 July, 1753. | " The court proceeded to the election of a master of the school on St. Lawrence Poun.tney's Hill ; and on reading the several petitions and testimonials of Mr. John Moore, M.A. and James Townley, M.A. candidates for the said plage ; Mi." James Townley was elected thereto on his giving the usual bond for resignation. " A motion was made, and seconded, that the thanks of this court be returned; and, they were accordingly given to the master [Richard Neave] for his candid behaviour this day in the election of a master of Merchant-Taylors' School."-— See minutes qfc That as this sum would be inadequate for the labour of such writing-master, he be entitled to require five shillings per quarter from each scholar, and to make the accus- tomed reasonable charge to each for copy and cyphering books, and slates, but no breaking-up money or other extra charge. — As coals, candles, (assistant if necessary) and lodging are to be provided for and by, himself, it is supposed an annual income of £\50 ought to arise from his office, and that it would be produced from the salary and quarterages, — and that such emolument would be sufficient, as the time from J past 5 each day would be at his own disposal." But when, on reference to the preamble of the statutes (page 8), the 12th statute (page 14), and the 21st statute (page 16), — the orders of court, 27 January, 1(371, (page 356), 6 August, 1675, (page 367), and 16 April, 1772, &c. &c. I. find that the rooms in the cloister were, both at the first foundation and the rebuilding of the school, designed as residences for the ushers, as much as the house ad- joining for the " high maister," (and they have always been used as such when the ushers .have been single men,) and that the ushers are entitled to " keys of the doors of Merchant-Taylors' School and the Library," as well as of their respective cham- bers,! own I should be unwilling to deprive the successors of the present under mastery of their official lodgings. When a young man first comes from |he university, it ii surely better /or him to be accommodated with rooms under the shelter of the school- roof, where jthe genius of the place and the eye of his superior may be a check on his conduct, than to be thrown upon the town to hire apartments at an expense beyond 3 n 2 460 THE HISTORY OF December, he addressed a letter to the court containing a proposal on the subject. But they deferred the consideration of it for that time,* and never afterwards entered upon it. In his next proposed alteration he was more successful,, as the accomplishment of it was more immediately within his own pro- vince. Not thinking proper to continue the old practise of de- claiming, an exercise, to which Criehe, (who used to make his boys declaim on both sides of the argument,) had been very partial, he instituted in their stead repetitions, every three or four, months,, of select passages in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and English. The first change of which kind took place in February, 176l.-f- On the 9th of April the gentlemen, who had been educated at the school, held their annual meeting at Merchant-Taylors' Hall, when, in addition to the usual congratulatory oration which was* his income, and form connections incompatible with thehahits oFa student. Besides^, there are facilities enough afforded by means of private teachers and schools in the neighbourhood, by which the boys of the present generation may obtain instruc- tion in writing and arithmetick as well as their predecessors did. Nor does it seem- that any establishment short of a school, in which the pupils might be carried" by able masters through a course of mathematicks, and fitted (as far as that branch of learning is concerned) for the university, which was probably Tbwnley's plan, coulef compensate for the inconveniences which would" inevitably arise from innovating on. the ancient arrangements of Merchant-Taylors^ * " On reading a letter from, the master of the schoot on St. Lawrence FountneyV Hill, proposing the boys there might be instructed' in mathematical' learning, the court deferred the consideration of the same for the present."— See minutes of courty. 19 December, 1760. f " Repetition Day, Feb. 1761. Psalm 1. Hehraice. Shacklefbrdv Horn. lib. 1. Calch. Agam. Achv Jeffs. SaUust. Bell. Cat. Catilina ad'Socibs. Moore. Milton. Adam and Eve's Mymn. Downing;- Psalm 13. HebraiceV Wigan. theophrasti, Cap. 1. Winter. Horatii, Lib. 1. Ode 2. 6regg. Swift. Partridge's Supposed: Death. Newbery.^ Tomlefs MSS: merchant-Taylors' school. 461 pronounced by Richard Dickson Shackleford the head monitor, a secular ode was recited by Bladen Downing, another oi the prin- cipal scholars, in commemoration of the foundation of the school, which was now on the point of completing its second century of usefulness and reputation.* On the 11th of June, Shackleford was * "Carmen Saeculare ob incolumitatem Scholae Mercatorum Scissorum, Anno 156l fundatse, coram Alumnis in Aula Societatis Merc. Sciss. Ap. 9, 1761, solenni more convivantibus recitatum. — — — Dis amicum, :,,',< Smculo festas refer 'ente Luces, Reddidi Carmen. Diva, quae Mores Hominum recentum Alma formasti ; memorique gaudes Spiritus quodcunque animosus audet Tradere Fames, Annue O Virtus ! — rudis ah ! modorum Barbiton tangit Puer ; et vocari Se Tuum gestit; tibi servit omnis Rite Camaena. Til Patrum ihgentes Animos, Elizje Sseculo dignos, et Amore sancto Artium, et Juris Fideique priscae Usque flagrantes Lenis ihflasti ; — stabilita crevit Pulcra Libertas ; Pietasque docta est Purior puro placitura Caclo Fundere Vota* Laeta surgentis simul Is is Arces Vidit; et plaudens Ehedycina Mater,. Addidit Kegum totidem Trophaeis Dona Witjei ; Sic tuos Cives decet, in Sahitem Gentium, Augusta, accumulare gazas Orbis, et late trahere ultimam in com- mercia Terrain, Ut sacer Musis stet Honos Decusque; Arsque Naturae socios labores Nectat ; et Mens liberiore nisu Explicet alas. Haecr pius prisco dedit Unus iEvo : Haec pie Vestrum est pariter tueri iEmuli, O Cives, Sobolis tenellse Queis data Cura est. Fallor? An grande Auspicium fatetur Jam Scholaf — En ! Vires trahit ex recenti Munere, atque ardet medilans futures Aucta Triumphos. Ista, si, Virtus, tua sunt; Schoteeque Consulis ; sacrosq ; Tibi Penates Aspicis blanda, atque tuis sonantem Laudibus JEdem, Prosperes Omen veniens in iEvuni ; Splendidum nobis Decus addat omne Tempus ; exornetque Propago nostram Mascula Romam >. Semper ut sit, qui Citharae trementes Suscitet Nervos ; liquidique fundat Cafminis Mella; et celebret Sodales Ore diserto* Artium siquis penetrat Latebras, Jura seu mavult Hominum tueri ; Sive divini potius vibrare Fulmina Verbi : Sive nostratem Populi requirant ArbitiumBelli; atqiieiterumBRiTANNUs Lege sub certa, propriisque ponat Regibus Indos." 462 THE HISTORY OF elected scholar of St. John's.* And, on the 8th of the following month, a day was fixed on which the court would proceed to fill up the vacant exhibitions. -j* Early in 1762, Townley, who was cordially devoted to the ser- vice of the school, and alive to whatever in his opinion could be- nefit it, requested permission from the company for the boys to perform a Latin play. The request was granted in a very hand- some manner, on the 29th of January .J And, in a short time, the Eunuch of Terence was got up with little interruption to the busi- ness of the school, beyond the omission of the repetition exercise.§ It was privately rehearsed on Friday, the 12th of February, and * MS. account. + " It was ordered from the chair, that at the court next happening after a month from this day is past, they would proceed to fill up the vacant exhibitions." — See minutes of court, 8 July, 1761. ' J " Mr. Townley, master of the Merchant-Taylors' school, appeared at this court, and desired the liberty for the scholars to act a" Latin play at the school, apprehending the same might be of service and reputation to the school. On consideration thereof, this court was of opinion, and ordered, that his request be granted, and that the master atid wardens be desired to give and appoint the week's holydays usually allowed on the probation days at such time as may be least inconvenient for the school," — See minutes of court, 29 June, 1762. § Terentii Eunuchus. In Schola Mercatorum Scissorum. 17< 32. Pheedria, Jeffs. Dorus, Foxley. Parmeno, Fitchatt. . Sanga, Bowen. Thais, Townley. < Sophrona, Skinner. Gnatho, Newbery. Laches, Bowen. Pamphila, Townley, jun. Chterea, Silvester. Thraso, Moore. Personje MUTJE. Pythias, Finch. Simalio, Passell. Chremes, Winter. Donaxr, Foxley,jun. Antipho, Clarke. Syriscus, Hutchinson. Dorias, Ryland. merchant-Taylors', school. 463 publickly the day following. And, on Tuesday the 16th, Thurs- day the 18th, and Saturday the 20th, it was repeated before crowded audiences. But nothing more contributed to the eclat of the week than the judicious appointment of the school feast for the Wednesday, when William Jeffs delivered the congratulatory oration. On Monday, the 22d, the Merchant-Taylors' company, for whose accommodation half the school was railed off, honoured the per- formance with their presence, during which, Townley jun. in the character of Pamphila, sung the Ode of Anacreon, beginning: Xotteirov to pv q>t\^,/ ^ 464 THE HISTORY OF circumstance have been recorded here, had it not served to in- stance with what admirable taste Townley formed the pronuncia- tion and action of his pupils. The tickets which were distributed for admission to these exhibitions were not fewer than two thou- sand. And the whole expense attending them, to the amount of fifty pounds, was professedly borne by the boys, aided by a pre- sent of seven guineas and an half, which was given by some gen- tlemen :* but, as will always happen on such occasions, the mas- ter's share in charges which could not be brought to account, was more considerable than his liberality would own.-f- On the repetition-day in May, the second act of the Phormio was performed before the school and a few private friends ; a short epilogue was spoken by the lawyers, as English, Scotch, and Irish barristers ;£ among whom, Silvester supported the part of the North Briton, little thinking, that in after life he should be a member of that very profession, the intricacies and difficulties of which were the subject of the poet's pleasantry and banter. On the 11th of June, William Jeffs, Nathaniel Moore, and Joshua Winter, were elected scholars of St. John's.§ And, on the 22d of the next month, the court being informed that several irregularities had arisen in the school during breakfast-time, it was referred to the master and wardens to fix on a proper place in * Townley's MSS. f From the closeness with which the company's records have been preserved, till with equal confidence and liberality they gave me access to them, for the purpose of completing this work, it is highly probable that neither the court nor Townley knew of the play, which had been performed in Goad's time at the expense of the company.'* — See page 343. J " Phormio, Newbery. Hegio, (English) Finch. Demipho, Moore. Cratinus, (Scotch) Silvester. Geta, FitchatU Crito, (Irish) James Townley." —Townley's MSS. MS. account. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 465 which Townley might, according to his own proposal, take his breakfast, and yet have a watchful eye upon the boys.* The month of February, 1763, opened with theatricals, which were suffered once more to supersede the repetition-exercise. The pieces performed^ were the Trbades of Seneca, abridged into three acts, and Ruggle's Ignoramus cut down into two,;[ * " The court being acquainted that several irregularitys have arisen in the 6aid school during the time of absence given for breakfast, and that the master of the said school had proposed, if he had a convenient place to breakfast in, to attend the school during that time ; the court was of opinion and ordered, that it be referred to the master and wardens to fix on a proper place for that purpose." — See minutes of court, 22 July, 1762. •f* " Senecae Troades, et Ignoramus Abbreviatus, In Schola, Mercatorum Scissorum, 1763. IGNORAMUS. Theodorus, Richards. TROADES. Senex, Bowen. Agamemnon, Silvester. Pyrrhus, Cherry. Ulysses, Fitchatt. Caichas, Davies. Astyanax, . Kinleside. Hecuba, Foxley. Atidromache 4 Finch. Chorus, Townley, &c Antonius, Townley. Trico, Cherry. Ignoramus, . Fitchatt. Dulman, Silvester. Pecus, Hall. Torcol, Davies. Causidicus, Townley. Cupes, Bqwen. Caupo, Townley. Sannachar, Farraine. ■Rosabella, Ponton. Surda, Foxley. Polla, Finch." % "Ignoramus. Comsedia coram Majestate Jacobi, Regis Angliae, &c. 12mo. 1630. This play was written by George Ruggle, of Clare Hall, Cambridge, and was acted before King James I. Thursday, the 8th of March, J 614, in Trinity College Hall. The names of the original actors are preserved in the supplement to Mr. Granger's Biographical History of England, p. 146. See Dodsley's Collection of Old Plays, edit. 3o 466 THE HISTORY OP both of which afforded young Townley an opportunity of display- ing his vocal powers. In the former, Felip Priamus was sung as set to music by Soper, Levia perpessce as the " Sin not, See." of* Handel, and Dulce mcerenti to a grave air of Hasse ;* and, in the latter, Io sono, by Sig. Galuppi, and Cupis Uxor, by BattishalL They were received with uncommon applause, and performed six times to crowded audiences, among whom were many persons of. great learning and distinction.. Three thousand tickets were issued, and a thousand orders. The expense, towards which some- gentlemen gave nine pounds as a present, was defrayed as on the former occasion. During the days of performance, the school- feast was held on the 10th of February, when Thomas Cherry deli- vered the congratulatory oration.-f- And thus ended these exhi- 1780, vol. vii. p. 12S6. This attack on the lawyers is said to have occasioned Seidell's writing against tithes. A new and an excellent edition of Ignoramus was published by Mr. John Sidney Hawkins, with notes and a glossary, and a life of the author.' — Baker's Bwgraphia Dramatica, by Jones, vol, iii. p.43fi. There was a translation of this play published in 4to. in 1662, by R. C. which letters are explained byGoxeter to stand for Robert Codrington. — See the above-mentioned work, vol. ii. p.. 318. — Mr. Hawkins notj^ces the performance at Merchant-Taylors', in a note, p. Ixxxviii. 8vo.. 1787. * " Giovanni Adolfo Hasse was born near Hamburg, and received his first instruc- tions in music in that city. At the age of eighteen he composed an opera, entitled Antigono^ but, being desiroqs of farther improvement, he went to Naples, and for a short time was under the tuition of Porpora, but afterwards became a disciple- of Alessandrp Scailetti. Upon his return to Germany, he became maestro di cappella to the Elector of Saxony, and at Dresden composed operas, some in the German, and others in the Italian language. In the composition of operas he was esteemed abroad the first of tire German masters, and the fame of his abilities reaching England at the time of the rupture between Handel and the English nobility, he was employed by them, and composed the opera of Artaxerxes, written by Metastasio, and some others which were represented here, and received great advantage from the performance of Farinelli. . He married Faustina soon after her return from England : it does not appear that he was ever here himself; it seems he was strongly pressed at the time above-mentioned to come to London, but Mr. Handel being then living, he declined the invitation, not choosing to become a competitor with one so greatly his superior." 1 — Sir John Hawkins's History of Music, vol. v. p. 323. f Townley's MSS. MERCtf ANT-TAYtORS' SCHOOL. 46f • bitions, which Townley had flattered himself would be creditable to the school and serviceable to the boys, but which the company henceforward took every opportunity of discouraging, as likely to draw off the minds of the scholars from more important studies.* On the 11th of June, the election fell on Thomas Cherry .-j- * " These theatrical exhibitions, though much applauded, were continued no more than two seasons; the Merchant-Taylors' company disapproving of them, as likely to draw the attention of the scholars from more useful pursuits, and more important ac- quirements." — Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, p. xx. f MS. account.^-As the reader may be curious to know the manner in which the election is conducted, I shall here subjoin a copy of the memoranda, by whieh the proceedings are guided ; and, as no election was ever happier in its object than that of 1763, the certificate of that year may be taken as a form. Legenda. « Act of 31 Queen Elizabeth, Chap. vi. against Abuses in Election of Scholars. " Sundry branches of Sir Tho s . White's statutes. ■" Order of court of 15 June, 1025. " Declaration to be made by the master or clerk what vacancies, and enquire of the president and fellows, if any vacancy since their letter to the company. " Enquire of the president, fellows* and examiners, if candidates fitly qualified as to learning. " Enquire of the master of the school, if any objection to any candidate as to morals. " Certificates of ages to be produced). " All the candidates to be put up, and the one having most votes to be declared elected. If more than one vadancy, the remaining candidate to be put up Mies quoties. The elected to be called in. " The usual certificate and duplicate of the election made, to be signed by the pre- sident, or vice-president, and two fellows; by the examiners; and by the master, at least two wardens, and 10 assistants of the company. « Die Sabbati undecimo Die Junii, anno Domini 1763. Annoque Domini nostri Georgii Tertii Dei Gratia Magna? Britannia;, Jrancise, et Hiberhi«B,Regis, Fidei Defen- soris, &c. 3°. « Memorandum,— That this day the scholars of the grammar school of the com- pany of Merchant-Taylors' of the fraternity of St. John the Baptist, in the city of London, were examined and opposed in the presence of the right worshipfal the master, wardens, and assistants of the said company by the wordypful the learned! men who have hereunto subscribed their names, and they have found divers fit to be pre- 3o2 468 THE HISTORY OF And, on the 12th of July, the disposal of Juxon's gift was post- poned till after the clerk had laid before the court an account of the persons to whom it had been given for the preceding century,* which he did on the 19th of the same month.-f- Tnwnley had now presided over the sqhool three years, during which time he had frequently had occasion to lament the confu- sion of his boys' ideas on historical subjects. Notwithstanding the acknowledged abilities of his predecessors, little or no atten- tion had been paid by them to that pleasant and easy science, by which one may survey the whole earth and all its parts, in the mind, as if they were presented to the eye. And, therefore, to supply this defect, and enable his pupils to read the ancient his- torians with pleasure and interest, he began a course of geography with them, and not disdaining the minutest labour in their service instructed them in the drawing of maps.:]; But while he was thus doing every thing, as he thought, to pre- ferred to the college of the university of Oxon, called St. John Baptist College^ founded by Sir Thomas White, Knight, deceased, a worthy Merchant-Taylor, of famous memory, and there was this day, being St. Barnabas Day, chosen by the said master and wardens, with the consent of the assistants of the company, together with, the assent and consent of the right worshipful the president aad two senior fellows of the said college at this election, Thomas Cherry. " Nos Prases et duo " Dignus est \ Earth. Pomeroy, Master. Socii Seniores :S N. Fayting, > Phillip Pyndak, \ approbamus et Aknold King.) Geo.Ginis, "f confirmamus hanc John Vansommer,. i r eHS * Electionem. Steph". Todd. } Thomas Fry, Prases. William- Branson,} Guil. Seward, VcePr. William Upfold, y Assistants. Johan Chalmeb, ^S.^P." and ten others. \ * " Ordered, that the gift of Mr. Juxon, to poor scholars be postponed." — See mi- nutes of court, 12 July, 1763. f " The clerk laid before the court an aceoun-t of the persons to whom Mr. Juxon's gift had been given for one hundred years past. Ordered, that the disposition thereof be further postponed." — See minutes of court, 19 July, 1763, % See his letter to the court, dated 3 December, 1763. MERCHANT-TAYLORS*. SCHOOL. 469 mote the improvement of the school, and render it worthy the protection of its patrons, his exertions were not a little counter-, acted by the behaviour of some of the rhonitors, who warm with the acquisition of power, had extended it beyond due bounds, and most grossly misapplied their authority. Tyrannical in the dis- charge of their office* during the absence of the masters, when, from the nature of the school, it must necessarily be left to their care, they were guilty of wantonly and cruelly oppressing the junior boys, not only beating them themselves, but taking them up to be punished for outrages which they had themselves com- mitted. And to such a pitch of insolence did they attain, that Townley, who at first was too well disposed to see no fault in them, was compelled to own to the court " that he had long thought the power of the monitors was a nuisance in the school, and that he had formed a plan for reducing their number to four." But the most alarming specimen of their arrogance remained to be exhi- bited. Catching at the ancient distinction between master and ushers, (which it was generally supposed Townley had imprudently, and without thinking of consequences, suggested to them,-j~) they treated the latter with every mark of disrespect ; and at length, when he himself offered to chastise them for ill behaviour, they immediately claimed an exemption from punishment. In the earlier stages of this licentiousness, he seems to have been deserted by his usual readiness of judgment, and to have abstained too long from correcting or even reproving these violators of discipline. Perhaps he was conscious of having, by his own assumptions over the under masters, kindled a flame which he could not extinguish. * The opportunities of exercising it have been, much diminished by abolishing the play time between three and four, and closing the business of the day at four instead of five ; by which judicious alteration the attention of the boys is less liable to be taken off from their studies. f The subsequent votes of the court sufficiency show that they looked upon Town- ley as faulty in this respect. 470 THE HISTORY OP But, be this as it may, the public-spirited intentions of the company in founding and supporting so noble an institution were on the point of being frustrated by his misplaced mildness, when the court, on hearing of the disorder and confusion that prevailed within their school, and the uneasiness and dissatisfaction that murmured without, unanimously declared it to be their opinion, " that the monitors had exercised a very unjustifiable jurisdiction over the other scholars, derogatory to the honour of the school, unbecoming their station, and greatly disapproved of by the court ; and that Townley had assumed to himself a greater degree of power over the under masters than was consistent with the unanimity, utility, or increase of the school." This resolution was passed on the 9th of December, and was followed up on the 19th by others, well calculated to restore the peace of the school, and promote the happiness of all who were concerned in it. It was ordered, " that Townley should be acknowledged as chief master over the whole school, and that each of the under masters should have a proper authority over his particular forms, — that when the chief master is absent from the school, the government of the school should devolve on the senior master then present, — that if any scholar treat any or either of the under masters with indignity, and a proper submission be not made by such scholar, or a proper punishment inflicted by the chief master for the same, the under master so affronted should be at liberty to apply to the court for redress, — and that for the .future, no monitor should cor- rect any scholar in the school." By the very wording of which orders, which the clerk was directed to send copies of to Townley and his coadjutors, it is evident that the company at that time wisely and kindly wished to do away an appellation which had lessened the character of three teachers out of four, in the opinion of those whom it was their province to instruct, and which had been made a pretence for treating them with insolence and con- tempt. On the 2.7th of December, Townley addressed a letter to MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 471 t the court, acknowledging the'receipt of their orders, and assuring them that they should all be punctually observed ; and the next day, Samuel Bishop, the junior master, did the same, adding, that he thought their resolutions " extremely judicious." And thus ended a business, which had occupied the attention of the* company for three months. All the proceedings were, for greater gravity and precision, carried on in writing. And, so strict was the clerk of the company in a resolution not to meddle extra -officially in mat- ters of such delicacy, that he presented all the papers which came to his hands on the subject at the different courts sealed up.* On the 11th of June, 1764, William Finch and John Silvester, the latter of whom had not taken part in the late breaches of the school's peace, were elected scholars of St. Jolm's.-f- On the 15th of March, 1765, the court being given to understand that one of Vernon's exhibitions had been retained by a member of the col- lege long after he had ceased to be resident at it, the clerk was ordered to write to the president to ascertain the fact,;]; when it turned out that he had been absent from St. John's more than nine years. A letter to this effect from Dr. Fry§ was, on the 26th of April, laid before the court, who, in consequence, resolved to fill up the vacancy at their next meeting || in June, which was ac- * See the proceedings of the courts held 15 November, 9 and 19 December, 1763, and 14 Feb. 1764. — See also the note to statute x. page 14. •T MS. account. J " Ordered, that the clerk do write to the president of St. John's College, Oxon, to know how long Mr. Peter Collet has been non-resident in the said college." — See minutes of court, 15 March, 1765. § Thomas Fry, who had been educated at Bristol, was admitted M.A..26 April,/ 1740, B.D. 3 May. 1745, D.D. 9 July,7l750. He was elected president^ -Dec. 1757, died in November^ 1772, an3 was'bunecf at Clifton, near Bristol. — MS. account, and) Gutch's Colleges and Halls* p. 546.^**^/ '<5 2 j| " The clerk read a letter to him from the president of St. John's College, Oxon, to inform this court, that Peter Collet has been absent from the college ever since March, 1756, and the court thereupon'gave notice that it was proposed to fill up the vacancy of the exhibition at the next conrt.' — See minutes of court, 26 April,- 176-5, 472 THE HISTORY OP v cordingly done.* And, on the 11th of that month, William Somers Clarke, and Henry Hall, were elected scholars of St. Johns.-fv jy ^ , A ~ ,y/r- ^'VtnMe 27th of August, died Charles Parkin, rector of Oxburgh, in the county of Norfolk, who had been educated at Merchant- Taylors', under Parsell, and who, having no issue, intended to be a benefactor to the school at which he had been gratuitously bred. With this view he bequeathed a number of mortgages, bonds, and notes, to the master, fellows, and scholars, of Pembroke Hall, ■' Cambridge, for the founding of five or six scholarships in that house, to be appropriated to as many scholars, who had been edu- cated at Merchant-Taylors', regard being always had to their seniority and station in the school, particularly if they had become superannuated at the head of it. He likewise directed a scholar- ship to he established for the benefit of the free-school at Bowes, in the county of York.:]; And this trust the society of Pembroke . * " Ordered, that Rich. Dixon .Shackleford be removed from Mr. Fishe's to Mr. Vernon's exhibition, in the room of Peter Collet; and that the vacancy in Mr. Fish's exhibition, occasioned by such removal, be filled up at the next court." — See minutes of court, 7 June, 1765. •f- MS. account. % Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. £ " In the name of God, amen. I, Charles Parkin, clerk, rector of Oxburgh, in the county of Norfolk, being of sound and perfect mind and memory, do make and ordain this my last will and testament, in manner and form as follows : First, I recommend my soul with all humility to Almighty God, hoping to obtain remission of all my sins and Jife eternal, in and thro' the merits alone of my blessed Saviour Jesus Christ, the re- _ deeraer of ail mankind, and my body to be buried in the chancel of Oxburgh, in a decent manner. As to my estates and worldly goods which God of his abundant good- ness has bestowed upon me, I give and bequeath to my loving sister, Sarah Parkin, my house and freehold lands in Barton Bendish, in Norfolk, for life, and after to the mas- ter, fellows, and scholars, of Pembroke Hall, in Cambridge ; and also I give to her my copyhold land in* West Dereham, held of the manor of Batchcroft, in the said town, for her life only, and on condition that she settles it after my death on the aforesaid hallj and gives such a security in a month's time, after my decease, to do so ? as the said society shall see proper. Otherwise I give it to the said master, fellows, and scholars, merchant-Taylors' school. . 473 Ball were very ivell disposed to carry into immediate execution, but were somewhat unreasonably opposed by the heirs-at-law of .above-mentioned at my death. And whereas I have 'several sums of money on certain mortgages, viz. ,£440 on the lands of Mr. Howard, of West Dereham ; £600 on ibe lands, &.c. of Mr. John Briston, of Godeston; ^70 on the lands of Mr. Abraham Wright, now- Mr. H. Clerk, of MethwpJd, lying, in Werliam ; £650 on Mr. Took Cosins, in Barton and Eastm6r,e; .£200 on Capt. Ben. Young, in Foulden, &c. ; £570 on Mr. Jiohvorths, of East Dereham; £250 on the late Rev. Mr. Blom- .fiekjs, in Fersefield ; £&0 on Mr. Henry Snellings, (of Hilburgh) lying in Foal- -deir; £3'i0 on Mr. Coots, (of Seaming) lying in Ovington ; £105 on Phil. Culham, in Swaffham; X5Q0 on Mr. Charles Brown's, lying in Massingam; £l6s on Mr. S. sSmith's, in West D.erbam ; ,=£[44 on Mr. Geo. Sa-ndcroft's, in Watton; also certain. -Jjonds for money, viz. =£100 to the Rev. Mi". Wright, of East Harling; £25 to Isaac •Williams, of Foulden; „£70 to Mr. S. Bejson, of Woodrising; ,£20 to Mr. Stephen Howes, of Foulden.; a note of Mj\ B. Crowe, of Swaffham, for £50.; one of Mr. Peter ©lomfield, of Swaifhafia, for £ 40; out of the annual interest money arising from these mortgages, bonds, and notes, I give and bequeath the sum of £60 per annum to ray sister, Sarah, to be paid her by two equal payments, £30 on Midsummer Day, and on Christmas Day £30, or in the space of two months after each of those days, on this con- dition, "that she continues in her single state and does- not marry ; but if she marries oi' acts in any respect so as to endeavour to oppose and set aside this my will, or make any further claim or demand whatever on my estate, goods, or chattels, all that I have here in this my will given and granted to her, I do declare and ordain to be entirely and absolutely void. Also, out of the annual interest money arising from the said mort- gages, bonds, &c. I give and bequeath to my sister, Grace Sharpe, the sum of £l6 per annum, to be paid on the said days by equal portions or in the space of two months after, as is appointed for the payment of my sister Sarah's annual sum, and on the like pains and penalty, if 6he or any one person, claiming under her endeavours, any ways to oppose and set aside this my will or make any further claim or demand on my estate, jjoods, or chattels, then all that I have in this my will granted her I do declare and ordain to be entirely and absolutely void. And, on the death of the said Sarah and Grace, my will is, that the mortgages, bonds, &c. aforesaid, be vested in the master, fellows, and scholars, of Pembroke Hall, in Cambridge. And, I do hereby give and grant to the master, fellows, and scholars, aforesaid, together with what shall remain yearly out of the annual interest of the said mortgages, bonds, and notes, after the pay- ments of .£60 per annum to my sister Sarah, aud of £l6 per annum to my sister Grace Sharpe, as above mentioned. And, on the death of either Sarah or Grace, 1 he legacy that was paid yearly to them shall cease, and be vested immediately as either of them dies, in the master, feMows, &c. in trust as after-mentioned. All the above-mentioned 3 p 474 the history or the testa to ft, who, not content with certain life-interests and spe- cifick legacies which were left them, refused to come to an ac- mortgages, bonds, and notes, I give to the master, fellows, and scholars, of Pembroke Hall, on this trust and condition, for the founding of five or six scholarships or exhibi- tions in the said hall, to be appropriated to, and conferred on, five 01 six scholars edu- cated in Merchant-Taylors' School, London, regard being always had to their senio- rity and station therein, and particularly to those who are at the head of the school, and become superannuated, whom I by all means prefer as emeriti militet; and one other scholar I will to be of the free school of Bowes, in the county of York, founded by my late uncle, William Hutchinson, Esq. of Clement's Inn, and of Aldenham in Hert- fordshire, Grace, his eldest sister and coheir, being my grandmother ; and there being other sisters and coheirs, from whom Ch.Whitell, Esq. of Gray's Inn and of Bowes, and Ambrose Edwards, Esq. of Barnard Castle, is descended, if any one of those families is qualified, I will that he be first preferred and admitted at all times to the said exhibition on its vacancy. And my intention is that those five or six scholarships shall each have an equal portion or dividend, and be chosen within the space of two months after any voidance or vacancy by the master of Pembroke Hall for the time being; and they shall perform the same exercises, and be subject to the same rules and ordinances as the Greek scholars in the said hall are ; and that they be resident at least nine months, in every year, and may enjoy the same till they are seven years standing in the" univer- sity and no longer. But, until the whole property and interest of the said mortgages, bonds, notes, &c. be in the said master, fellows, &c. aforesaid, I will that no more scholarships or exhibitions be settled than in proportion to the interest money that they are hereby entitled to and do actually receive. And this I leave to. the judge- ment and discretion of the said master, fellows, &c. Whereas a considerable sum of interest money is now due and in arrear on the mortgages of Took Cosen, S. Howard, John Briston, &c. as will appear from my account books, my desire is that the same be paid to my sister, Sarah, and Mr.Christopher Adamson, Gent, of Werham, as soon v&'as possible; and with the money arising from the sale of my* goads and chattels, which I hereby order to be sold, except certain goods hereafter mentioned, I will to be put out on good security, and the yearly interest of it so put out to be paid to my sister, Sarahv for her life, and on her decease the whole property and interest of it to be vested in the master, fellows, and scholars of Pembroke Hall aforesaid, in trust fqr the uses before-mentioned, after deducting from the said money my funeral charges and debts (which are but little); also paying to my sister Grace six pounds, to my sister Sarah ten pounds, to Mr. Christopher Adamson, of Werham, <£lQ, to the poor of Oxburgh <£4, to the poor of Boughton two pounds; also ]2 guineas at least for a decent mural monument near to my grave. And I appoint my said sister Sarah and Mr. Christopher Adamson my executors of this my last will and testament. And merchant-Taylors' school. 475 count of the real and personal estates of the deceased; in con- sequence of which much' delay took place before Parkin's bene- volent intentions could be carried into effect. On the 11th of February, in the following year, Townley re- quested permission to have another Latin play performed at the school, and to obviate any objection that might be raised on the ground of its interfering with business, he proposed to have it during the approaching Easter holidays. But, for some reason or other, the court were unanimous in refusing it, and continued to show themselves very unfavourable to any recommendation that came from him.* In 1766, the election fell on Thomas Bowen, George Stepney Townley, Edward Ireson, Thomas Ponton, and Thomas Farrainej-f- t further give and bequeath to my sister Sarah all my plate and rings, with the fur- niture of two rooms and whatever other necessaries she shall chuse, and what English books she shall desire. And to the master and fellows of Pembroke Hall, whatever booksjhjy_^UJj^hjise£mdhave^^ with al l my abbey seals, deeds, mtmjiscripts, (excepting that of Norfolk.) The remainde r of myj jooks to be sold b y them, and the money arising from their sale to be given to my said sister Sarah. And all this said will and testament I have wrote with my own hand. In witness whereof each page is here written and signed with my name; and have also put here my hand and seal this J7th day of June, 1759, Charles Parkin. Signed, sealed, pub- lished, and declared by Charles Parkin, to be his last will and testament in the pre- sence of us witnesses, Th s Womack, W m Rookley, W m Johnson. " Proved at London, the 24th Sept. 1765, before the judge, by the oath of Sarah Parkin, spr, the sister, and Christopher Adamson, the executor, to whom administra- tion was granted, having been first sworn by commission duly to administer." * " The master having reported to this court a request of the Rev. Mi> Townley to have a Lattin play performed at the company's school on St. Lawrance Pountney's Hill, in next Easter holydays ; the question was put, arid carried unanimously in the negative. " The master also reported another request of the said Mr. Townley to be excused, from lighting candles in Merchant-Taylors' School, in the afternoons, during three weeks of the winter season ; the consideration thereof was postponed for the present."--) See minutes of court, 1 1 February, 1766. + MS. .account. 3p 2 & 476' THE HISTORY OF in 1767, on William Kinleside, John Mitchell, and Paul Peach;* in 1768, on John Horsford, George Piggott, and Charles Bostock;*f and in 17^9, on Richard Henry Bray ..J About this time, the court reflecting that charitable donations, to a very considerable amount, had been entrusted to their cor- poration for the benefit of the poor and others, and wishing nothing so much as that they might administer these trusts with justice and uprightness, employed a. person of the name of Samuel March, to draw up and enter in a book, prepared for the purpose, " an account of the several funds given to the company, to be by them distributed according to the directions of the seve- ral donors/' A research of this kind, commencing with the oldest records ,of the company, and brought down to the then present time, was, (as I can testify, who, in completion of this work, have gone over nearly the same ground,) no trifling labour. At length it being reported to the court that the book. was completed,^, a committee was appointed to make a report on the subject. From this it appeared that the company had not only, like good stewards, constantly paid out of their revenue the several sums which had been directed by many of their benefactors, but had also, as benefactors themselves, supported their school, and con- tributed towards the relief both of publick and private distresses,' out of rents and profits which had been bequeathed to them to be disposed of at their discretion. The only recommendations con- nected with the school Were, that Ffysshe's batiings|| should be increased according to the improved rent of the house from which * MS. account. + MS. account. J MS. account. § " The clerk acquainted this court that Mr. Sam. March had compleated- a book containing an account of the several funds given to this company, to be by them dis- tributed according to the directions of the sfeveral' donor's;"— See minutes of court, 16 December, 1768. U See pages 66 and 67. merchant-Taylors' school. 477 they issued, and that as no application had been made for some years for Wooller's exhibition,* inquiry should be made nfter some person qualified to receive it.f On the 27th of October this re- port was agreed to, and the sum of two hundred pounds given to March for drawing up the account on which it was founded,;]: a gratuity fully expressive of the sense which the court entertained * See pages 193, 195, and 414. f " We. observe that several persons gave sums of money (which are particularly set forth in Fo. 57 of an Appendix to that book) to the amount of £]6,0Q3 : 6 : 8 for the support of the payments by them directed, amounting to the yearly sum of <£405 : 18 : 4, which have been constantly paid by the company out of their re^ venue. " We also observe that other persons gave estates, or the remainder of estates (after payment of the devises by them appointed), the rents and profits whereof, amounting, to <£292 : 8 are set forth in the said Appendix, fo. 57, and are directed to be disposed of at the company's discretion, and which appear to us to have been pro- perly applied for the support of this company's school on St. Lawrence Pountney's Hill, founded in the time of Queen Elizabeth, and ever since maintained at the sole charges of this company, of which the annual, expenses are <£235 : 3, besides the necessary repairs of that ancient building, which are very large, and daily increase; and sums of money frequently contributed by the company towards publick distresses, afld to the relief of private persons. ' " We observe that Mr. Walter Fish gave a house in Cannon-Street, now let to Mr. ' Charles Rashfield at the yearly rent of =£21 clear of all deductions, to pay the rent thereof to. 5" poor scholars of St. John's College, Oxford, and that onty two pounds per annum is at present p d to each of the said scholars. We are therefore of opinion that as the said house is now let at \£<2.1 per annum, Mr. Fish's exhibitions should be increased to £4 per annum. " tVe also observe that Mr. John Wboller gave £l per aunum to a poor scholar at St. John's College in Oxford, who studies divinity, for which no application hath been made for several years past. We are therefore of opinion that inquiry should be made for persons prppe.rly qualified, in order, that the same may be. paid for the future, according to the directions of the donor."— See Report of Committee in minutes of court, 27 October, 17Gg. % '* Ordered that the payments and alterations of the pensions proposed to be made by the above report, do cbmmence from Christmas next. "Also ordered that a gratuity of two hundred pounds be given to Mr. Samuel March, for his great labour and care in compiling the said book."— Ibid. 4?8 THE HISTORY OF of the care with which he had compiled the book, and of the satisfaction with which they contemplated so fair a record of the integrity and munificence of their society. More than four years had now elapsed since the death of Parkin, during which time Pembroke Hall had repeatedly applied to the heirs to give an account, which they refused to do, on the ground that the property had undergone considerable variations and changes between the execution of the will and the death of the testator, a period of six years; that many of the mortgages which he had bequeathed had been paid off during his life-time, and the money arising therefrom placed out on other securities not named in the will; that his having so done was an ademption of the dispositions made by the will of such mortgages; and that therefore the residue became a resulting trust for the next of kin. Pembroke Hall on the other hand contended that the change in the nature of the property did not render null the disposition of it. And on this point the parties joined issue in the Court of Chancery. On the 7th and 8th of November, the cause was heard and debated before the Lord Chancellor, who, on the 15th of that month, made his decree,* by which the trust was esta- * " Lord Chancellor,^ Wednesday, the 15th day of November, in the 10th year Att y Gen 1 , f of the reign of his Majesty King George the 3d, 1769. — v. C Between. his Majesty's Att^ Gen 1 , (at the relation of, the - Parkin. J master, fellows, and scholars of the college or hall of Mary Valence, commonly called Pembroke Hall, in the university of Cambridge,) informant ; Sarah Parkin, Da- vid Sharpe and Grace his wife, and Christopher Adamson, defendants. " This cause coming on the 7th and 8th days of Novr last, to be heard and de- bated before the Right Hon ble the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, in the pre- sence of council learned on both sides, The substance of the relator's information appeared to be, that the Rev. Charles Parkin, Cl~k, dece~d, having been a scholar in MerchanuTaylors' School in London, from thence went to and was bred and edu- cated in the said college or hall, and having a great regard for the same and the ad» merchant-taVlors' school. 479 blished, and ordered to be carried into execution. It was de- clared that, with respect to such of the debts bequeathed to vancement thereof, and intending to be a great benefactor thereto, and not having any issue, he, on the 17th of June, 1759, duiy executed his will, all of his own hand- writing, and thereby gave in the words, or to the effect following, viz. — ' I give and bequeath,' (here the will is recited at large in the words thereof.) That the said tes- ' tator died_onthe^2th^pX J 4Hgustj L J7^5 J _wJthout issue, or revoking or altering the said will, and ]eft the defendants, Sarah Parkin and Grace Sharp, his sisters and heirs at law ; and, on the 24th of September, 1765, the defendants, Parkin and Adamson, proved the same, and took upon them the execution thereof, and entered and pos- sessed themselves of all, or the greatest part, of his real and personal estates, to the value of c£'10,000 and upwards, and have paid all the testator's debts, pecuniary lega- cies, funeral expences, except what is thereby given to the said relators. And the defend~ts, Sarah Parkin and Grace Sharpe, claim and insist upon the said annuities and legacies given them by the said will. That the said relators have several times applied to the clefts, the said Sarah Parkin and David Sharpe and Grace his wife (the testator's other sister) and to Christopher Adamson, for an acc~t of the testator's real and personal estates at his death, and to have the said will established, and the trusts performed and carried into execution, and the benefactions thereby intended to the master, fellows, and scholars secured for the relators' benefit, being willing, and offering to secure and set apart for the benefit of the said def~ts, Sarah Parkin and Grace Sharp, all that is thereby given to and for their and each of their benefit. But the defendants refuse to come to sueh account, insisting that there having been great variations, alterations, and additions to the said testator's personal estate after making his said will, the same at his death consisting principally of monies due to him on mortgage, and other securities made to him, and that many of such securities and mortgages were made and the monies lent after making the said will, and that the relators are entitled only to such mortgages and securities, or the benefit thereof, as are particularly described in the said will, and were subsisting and unsatisfied at his death, and are not entitled to any part of the monies due on any of the mortgages and securities made to him after the time of his making the said will, and that they as the testator's next of kin are entitled to all the money due on the said mortgages and securities as were made to the said testator after making the said will for their own benefit. But the relators insist that they are well intitled by virtue and under the said will to all the residue of the testator's estate at the time of his death (except the specific legacies given by the said will) subject to the payment of the said annuities. And that the said testator in his life-time, and after making the said will, rece~d the ^loneydue on several of the securities particularly mentioned in his said will, and 480 THE HISTORY OF Pembroke Hall as were paid to the testator between the time of making his will and his death, they were not adempted thereby, afterwards placed out the same and other monies he had saved at interest on other securities, and which remained due at his .death. .And that all the monies thereon due at his death are and ought to he deemed and pass as part of the residue of his personal estate by virtue of and under the said will. And the relators ought to have the benefit -thereof. And the said def'ts ought to account for the same. That the said testator at the time of making has said will, and also at his death, Vas seized to him and his heirs of, and in, and well inlitled to the said copj'.hold lauds and premises in West Dereham aforesaid, held of the Manor of Bachcroft, and by his will de- vised to the deft, Sarah, for life only, and on such .condition as aforesaid ; but she now refuses to perform such condition, pretending the said testator had no»any right by his will to dispose thereof. And the defendant Adamson, refuses to act in his trust without the direction of this cour,t. Therefore, ,fcbat the said defendants may answer the premises, and that the said will may be established, and the trust thereof per- formed and carried into execution, and that the defendants may account wi,tli the said relators for the rents and profits of the testator's real estates not otherwise dis- posed of by the said will, and also for -all ,the testators personal estate at his, death, and that the residue a«d surplus thereof after payment of tJie debts, legacies, and funeral expences of the said testator, and also the annuities given by his said will, may be placed out at interest, and the said relators have the benefit thereof for the purposes directed by the said will, after payment of, and subject to the payment of, the said annuities given by the said will, and to be relieved is the scope of the relators' information. Whereto the council for the defendants, Sarah Parkin and David Sharpe and his wife, alledged that the defendant Sarah Parkin, by her answer, says, she ad- mits that the testator Charles Parkin, in the hill named, was seized in fee simple of an house and freehold lan,d« in Barton Bendish, in the county of Norfolk, in the hill mentioned , and that in the year 1759, the said Parkin had a mortgage on the lands of the several persons in the information named, for securing the several sums of money therein mentioned; and that the said Ch. Parkin was also in the year 1759, possessed of the several bonds and notes from the several persons in the information named for securing the several sums therein mentioned ; and that the said Charles Parkin, on the J7th of June, 1759, made his will of such date and contents as in the information setforfh, and say that, after the 17,th of June,1759, and before the testator's death, the mortgages on the following lands, in the testators will mentioned, viz. on Wright's, or Hay House lands for the sum of <£70, the mortgage on Young's lands for the sum of £lQQ, the mortgage on Nelworth's lands for the .sum of £570, on Snel- Jings for the sunx of £80, and the mortgage on Brown's lands for the sum of <=£5Q0j MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 481 but ought to be satisfied out of the general assets of the deceased. The executors were ordered to call in the money due upon secu- were paid off by the several mortgagors or assignees of such mortgagors, and the mortgaged premises of one Smith for the sum of £163 were afterwards purchased by the said testator, and the legal estate in the several mortgaged premises, except that of Smith, were assigned by the said Ch*. Parkin to different persons, and the defen- dant insists, and submits to the judgement of the court, that the said Ch ! . Parkin receiving the mortgage-money on the s~d several mortgages was an ademption of the legacies and dispositions made by the said will of such mortgages, if such was really made; and that, on the oth of December, 1759, the said Charles Parkin purchased of the said Smith, on whose estates he lmd the aforesaid mortgage for the sum of ,£163, the equity of redemption of the s~d mortgaged premises, and thereupon took a conveyance of the said premises to himself and his heirs, whereby, as the defendant insists, the disposition made of such mortgage by the said will was revoked and ren-i died nnll and void, and that the said estate, after the said Parkin's death, descended free from incumbrance, and says that after the time the said will was made, and before, the testator's death, several sums of money due on bonds, and one sum of money due on a note, were called in by the testator and paid off and delivered up, viz. the sum of £100 on a bond from Mr.Wright, the sum of £25 on a bond from Isaac Williams, the sum of £20 on a bond from Stephen Hawes, and the sum of ^40 on a note from Mr. Peter Blomfield ; and that, after the time of making the said will, and before the said testator's death, other sums of money due on bond and note were also paid off, or satisfied and delivered up, whereby the deft insists the disposition made of all the said bonds and notes by the said will was rendered null and void, and that the receipt of the money and delivering up of the said bonds and notes was an ademption of the dispositions made thereof by the said will, and says that, after the year 1759, the sard testator entered upon the premises, mortgaged to him by Mr. Blomfield, to secure the sum of £250, for non-payment of the said sum of £250 an d interest then due thereon and rece~d the rents and profits some time; and afterwards, in the year 1761, one Bradstreet being willing to take an assignment of the said mortgage, the said Parkin, by articles or some written or verbal agreement made, dated the 6th of April, 1761, agreed to convey the said premises to the said Bradstreet for the sum of c£320, being the money due on the said mortgage; and thereupon the said Bradstreet paid the said Parkin the sum of £ 20 in part of the consideration money of the said articles or agreement, which reduced the money due to the s~d Parkin to the sum of ,£300, and the defendant submits it to the judgement of the court, whether as the said Parkin had agreed to assign over the said mortgage by the said articles or agree- rreement was not an ademption of the disposition made of such mort- 3 Q 482 THE HISTORY OF rities. The surplus of the property, after discharging the specifick legacies, was directed to be paid into the Bank, and laid out in gage by the said will, or at least the same did not pass thereby; and says that the said Charles Parkin did, in the month of March, 17G\, advance the further sum of £80 to Mr. Howard, which was also charged upon his lands, but that the said sum of £80 did not pass by such will ; and says she lived with her brother, Charles Parkin, as his house-keeper, about 35 years, and that Henry Parkin, her uncle, deceased, did by his will, devise his real estate to the dePt her sister and her said brother to be equally divided, and the defendant's share amounted to upwards of the sum of £100, which the defendant's brother had in his hands, he having sold the same and rece"d the purchase money, and put it out on security of certain copyhold estates, late of Stephen Shorten, holden of the Manors of West- Dereham and Curples in West-Dexe- ham ; and that the said Parkin, in the year 1747, agreed with the said Stephen Shorten! that, in consideration of the money due on the said estate, he should absolutely sur- render the same premises to the use of the defendant and her heirs, and accordingly at a. Court-Baron, held for the said Manors the 23d day of Deer, 174?, the said Shorten duly surrendered all the premises held of the said Manors to the absolute use of the deFt, her heirs, and assigns ; and at the same court she was accordingly admitted in fee tinder the said respective surrender, the said Charles Parkin himself being her attorney in such admission, and says that the said Stephen Shorten having also mortgaged, another smafl copyhold estate in the manor of Timworth in West-Dereham, with Bach-croft in Bexwell, surrendred all his premises held of the said manor to the use of the said testator, his heirs, and assigns, subject to redemption on payment of the sum of £50 and interest as therein mentioned ; and at a court held for the s*d manor, the 21st of January, 174fj, the said Charles Parkin informed the court that the said sum of £50 and int. was not paid according to the surrender,, therefore the said Par- kin was admitted to the said premises on the said forfeited surrender of the said Ste- phen Shorten; and at another court held for the said manor the 22d of June 1764 the said Parkin voluntarily surrendered the said last-mentioned premises to the deft and her heirs absolutely for her own use, which was five years after making the said will, and says no trusts whatever were contained in the said surrenders or admissions for the said Parkin or any other persons, but the same was totally made to her, and she only admitted as aforesaid, and the stewards receipts for the fines and fees of her admission in the said several manors were given as rece"d wholly of the defendant, and says she never gave any acknowledgment to her brother that the same belonged to him. On the contrary, when the admission in the month of June, 1764, was made over, he wished her joy of the said estate, and desired her to surrender the same to the use of her will, which she accordingly did, and says she always apprehended the MfcRCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. . 483 the purchase of stock in the name of the accountant-general, in trust for the payment of the annuities bequeathed to the sisters, said estates to be absolutely her own, but admits her brother did receive the rents of the said estate during his life, which she did permit him to do in regard that the defendant reced, during her cohabiting with her said brother, great benefit from pre- sents and allowances made to her by the said testator. And the defendant having snrrendred the said premises to the use of her will, she insists the said devise of the said copyhold premises was null and void, and admits that the said Charles Parkin died on the^7th of August, 1765, without making any will or codicil subsequent to the 17th of June, 1759, and that the defend*^ and Grace Sharpe are only sisters and heirs at law, and only next of kin of the said Charles Parkin, he having died without issue, and un- married, and having no brother or other sister, and says she admits that she, apprehending the said testator's will to be a good will as to the said Parkin's personal estate, she toge- ther with the defendant Adamson duly proved it, and took upon her the execution thereof with him, and insists and submits it to the court, that the residue of the said testator's personal estate being undisposed of by the said will, the same is a resulting trust for: the defendant and her sister, Grace Sharp, in moieties as her next of kin, and submits to account for the part of the said testator's personal estate come to her hands in such manner as the court shall direct. And that the defendant, David Sharpe, and his wife, by their answer set forth to the same effect with the answer of the defends Parkin, and insist and submit to the court, that the residue of the said testator's per- sonal estate being undisposed of by the said will, the same is a resulting trust for the defend~t, Sarah Parkin, and the defendant, Grace, in moieties. And the council for the defendant Adamson alledged that he, by his answer, says, he admits that the said testator, Ch s Parkin, duly made his will on the 17th of June, 1759, of such purport and effect as in the information set forth, and that he' died ou the 27th day of August, 1765, without revoking or altering his said will, having appointed the defendant and the deferid't, Sarah Parkin, executors thereof, and that, after his death, the defends, together with the defendant, Sarah Parkin, duly proved the said will, and took oa themselves the execution thereof; and that the deft being the acting executor, possessed himself of so much of the said testator's personal estate and effects as he could, and says, he is ready and willing to account for the testator's personal estate come to his hands with the party or parties intitled to such account, but in regard to the defendant, Parkin, and the other defts, David Sharpe and his wife, as the said defts, Sarah Parkin and Grace Sharp, are' sisters and next of kin to the said testator, contest with the relators the right to a considerable part of the testator's personal estate; •therefore, the defendant cannot pay and apply the residue of his personal estate with safety without the direction of the court, and hopes he shall be directed how to apply 3q2 484 THE IIISTORS" OP and the establishment of one scholarship, till the whole fund should fall in by the death of the annuitants. And, in the mean t the surplus of the testator's estate, and be indemnified therein by the decree of the court. Whereupon, and upon debate of the matter, and hearing the will of the testator, Charles Parkin, dated the 17th day of June, 17-59, and the proofs taken in< this cause read, and what was alledged by the council on both. sides, his lordship did declare he would take time to consider of this matter before he gave his judgement thereon. And this cause standing this present day in 1ms lordship's paper of causes- for judgement in the presence of council learned on both sides, his lordship cloth declare the will of the said testator well proved, and doth order and decree, that the charitable^ mjsjjb^ei£in_j>e_esijd2li5he^^ into execution. And it is further ordered, that the defendant, Sarah Parkin, do, with the approbation of Mr. Browning, one of the masters of this court, surrender the ^opyhold premises comprized in the will of the said testator to such trusts and uses as the said testator has thereby directed,, and his lordship doth declare) that the defendants, Sarah and Grace, the sisters of the said testator are entitled to the clear residue of the said testator's personal estate, and. doth further declare, that with respect to such, of the several debts bequeathed to the relators as were paid in to the said testator between the time of making his will and his death,, be such payments voluntary from the debtors or compulsory from the said testator, the same were not adempted by such estimation of those debts, but ought to be satisfied out of the said testator's general assets, and- doth order that it be referred to the said master to take an account of the said testator's personal estate come to the hands of the defendants-, his executors, or either of. them, or to the hands of any- other person, by their or either of their order, or for their, or either of their use. And. the said master is also to take aji account of the said testator's debts, funeral expenses,, and legacies, and in such account is to compute interest on such of the several debls^ bequeathed to ihe relators, remaining unpaid at the said testator's death, as. carry in- terest, at the rate the same respectively carry interest ;. and, in the taking the aforesaid account, the master is to give credit to the relators for all such sums of money as shall appear to have been paid in to the said testator, before hisdeath, by any of the debtors on the several securities specifically bequeathed to the relators, and the interest thereof as aforesaid. And, for that purpose, the said master is to compute interest on such of the specific legacies as shall appear to have been paid in to the said testator before "liis death, at the rate of four pounds per cent, per annum, from a year after the death of the said testator. And it is further ordered, that what shall be coming for the interest of such of the debts bequeathed, as are still standing out, together with the interest at 4 per cent, per annum upon such of the said debts as have been paid in, as aforesaid, be applied in the first place to keep down the two several annuities given by the said testator's will to his two sisters, the said defendants, Sarah and Grace. And, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 485 time, the master and fellows of Pembroke Hall were ordered t# lay a scheme before Browning, a master of the court, for carrying their trust into effect. In the beginning- of April, 1770, the school was shut up, for it is further ordered, that the surplus of such interest be paid into the Bank, with the privity of the Accountaut-General of this court, to the account of this cause subject to the further order of this court; and, that the said defendants, the executors, do call in all the money now remaining due upon the several securities so specifically be- queathed to the relators as are now outstanding. And, it is further ordered, that the same, together with the principal sums so paid in to the said testator in his lifetime as before-mentioned, be paid into the Bank with the privity of the Accountant-General of this court, to the account of this cause ; and that the same, when so, paid into the Bank, be laid out in the purchase of Bank 3 per cent, annuities in the name, and with the privity, of the said Accountant-General in trust in this cause, and he is to declare the trust thereof accordingly, subject to the further order of this courts and is to draw upon the Bank for the several purposes aforesaid, according to the form prescribed by the late act of parliament, and the general rules and orders of this court in that case made and provided. And, it is further ordered, that the relators do lay a scheme before the said master for the founding a scholarship directed to be established by the said testator's will, and likewise for the disposition of the surplus of the interest directed to be paid into the Bank as aforesaid, until such time as the whole fund shall fall in by the death of the two annuitants. And his lordship doth declare, that, out of the interest of the sums so to be invested in Bank annuities, the said defendants, Grace and Sarah, the said testator's sisters, are entitled to the said two annuities, viz. the said defendant, Sarah, to the annuity. of sixty pounds a year, and the defendant, Grace, to the annuity of sixteen pounds a year. And doth further order, that the same be paid to them accordingly by half-yearly payments. And the said Ac- countant-General is to draw on the Bank for that purpose, in manner before-men- tioned. And it is further ordered, that the net residue of the said testator's personal estate be divided into moieties, and that one moiety thereof be paid to, or retained by, the said defendant, Sarah. And his lordship doth declare, that the other moiety thereof belongs to the said defendant, Grace, but before the actual payment thereof, doth further order, that the said defendant, David Sharpe, her husband, do lay before the said master such settlement. as he hath made on his wife, and, the issue of such marriage, or proposals for such settlement as he intends to. make. And that the said master do state the same with his opinion thereon to the court, whereupon such fur- ther order shall be made relating thereto as shall be just. And it is further ordered, that the goods and chattels specifically bequeathed by the said testator's will be delivered to the persons intitled thereto under the will. And, for the better taking 486 THE HISTORY OF ♦he purpose of being repaired and beautified,* and was not opened again till the 11th of June,f on which day Joseph Lyons Walrond and John Skinner were elected scholars of St. John'sj. But, during that time, the chapel and library were made use of for the instruction of the scholars. And, in the course of the same year, the chapel and head-master's house underwent a thorough repair,^ and the books in the library were new-bound at the expense of the company.|| MtfkMfJ/9 ., /t . 03 , % ^U)4. t ^f^i^/ii,6-~^ In June, 1771, when Robert Pool Finch v who had been edu- cated under Criche, and had taken the degree of Master of Arts of the said accounts, the parties are to produce before the said master, upon oath, all books, papers, and writings, in their custody or power relating thereto, and are to be examined upon interrogatories as the said master shall direct, who, in taking of the said accounts, is to make unto all parties all just allowances. And all parties are to be paid their costs of this suit, to be taxed by the said master out of the said testator's personal estate, and any of the parties are to be at liberty to apply to the court, as there shall be occasion. * See the minutes of court, 16 February, 16 March, and 4 May, 1770. f The liberality of the company on this occasion was commemorated by the fol- lowing inscription, which was placed over the door at the north end of the school: " Refecta , Impensis Merc. Sciss. Societatis, A. D. 1770. Curantibus. J A CO BO WALTON, Prtcfecio. JACOBO SANDERS, \ JOHANNE JOHNSON, / THOMA GEEVE, >Custodibu$. PETRO PERCHARD, ) Jacobo Townley, Archididascalo." J MS. account. § Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. || " A motion being made and seconded, that the books in the library at Merchant^ Taylors' school be new bound, ordered, 'that it be referred to Mr. Townley, the master of the said school, to new bind and repair the same at an expense not exceeding . 487 at Peter House, Cambridge, succeeded Arnold King in the examinership of the school as well as in the rectory of St. Mi- chael's, Cornhill, the election fell on Vicesimus Knox and Richard Webster. * And, on the 13th of December, -the master of the company reported to the court, that Townley wished "the library to be furnished with a grate, a table, chairs, and curtains. On which it was left to the master and wardens to provide the neces- sary articles, and Fayting, who was now rector of St. Martin's Outwich, was desired to pen a Latin inscription, to be placed in some conspicuous part of the library .-f Fayting produced his inscription^ at the next meeting of the court, when on its meeting with their approbation, they voted him their thanks, and ordered it to be placed over the door leading into the chapel. § On the 15th of February, 1772, Peter Whalley, one of Criche's scholars, at that time master of the grammar school at Christ's Hos- pital, made a request in the name of the stewards of theschool-feast, for the use of the hall which was granted on payment of the officers' fees.|| On the 11th- of June,. John Hill. Thompson, John Monro, * MS. account. •j- See minutes of court, 13 Dec..l7ZI- J " Hanc Bibliothecam nitide refectam cum Eons recenter ornatis, Pfcefectus, Cura- tores, et Assessores venerabilis MERCATOltUM SCISSORUM Sociefcitis, eommuni Prseceptorum in hac schol& utilifeati accoininodatam esse jusserunt.. D no JOHANNE BROME, Prefect*. ? MILONE STRINjGER, \, \ JOSEPHO LEEDS, f _ Tisis J \ Curat "'• D \ DAVIDE THOMAS, C~ uml f JACOBO VERB, jun. > MDGCLXXII." § See minutes of'-co-art, 7 Feb. 1772. || " At this comittee attended the Rev. Mr. Peter. Whalley, on behalf of the stewards of the feast of the Merchant-Taylors' schollars, requesting the use of the hall for the school-feast this year, and the committee is of opinion, that the said stewards have the same paying the officers fees only."— See minutes of committee, 15 February, 1772. 488 THE HISTORY o£ John Rose, and John Applebee, were elected scholars of St. John's.* And, on the 4th of September, the court, being informed that no application had been made for several years past for Wooller's exhibition of two pounds per annum, which they rightly attributed to the small value of it, ordered it to be doubled.-f* By this time, the money which was due upon the securities be- queathed by Parkin to Pembroke Hall, had been paid into the Bank, and laid out according to the directions of the court of chancery. And, therefore, on the 19th of April, 1773, Browning mad e his report, stating thatj ie had been attended by the different parties in the cause, and had considered the scheme for founding the scholarships, which had been laid before him by the master and fellows of Pembroke Hall, and which, with some variations, he had approved, subjectjx>jfoe_judgment of the court. By that scheme it was proposed, that the surplus interest, after keeping down the annuity, should be paid to Pembroke Hall during the life of the annuitant, for the immediate establishment of three scholarships, one to be conferred on a scholar educated at Bowes, and the others on scholars from Merchant-Taylors', due regard being had to the circumstances mentioned in the will ; and that, on the death of the annuitant, the whole fund given by the testa- tor should fall in for the establishment of two more scholarships, for scholars educated at Merchant-Taylors'. It likewise proposed, that if there were no candidates duly qualified from either of those schools, the master of Pembroke Hall might fill them up by persons educated elsewhere, but that if, at any time afterwards, candidates offered themselves from one of the privileged schools, the foreigners, who had before been possessed of the scholarships, * Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. f " This court being informed that no application hath been made fo-r several years past for Mr. Wooller's exhibition of £2 per annum, and apprehending the same to be (mi accounb of the small: value thereof, it is ordered," that the same be encreaseel to £4 per annum, to commence from Michaelmas next."—- See mhiutes of cmrt y 4 Sep- tember, 17.72. MERCHANT-TAJTLORS' SCHOOL. 489 should give place to them. ' And the report, containing this scheme, was confirmed by the Lord Chancellor on the 27th of April.* * " Lord Chancellor, \ Tuesday, the 0,7th day of April, in the 13th year of the Att' General, f reign of his Majesty King George the 3d, 1773.— Between against / his Majesty's Attorney-General, (at the relation of the Parkin. j master, fellows, and scholars, of the college or hall of Mary Valence, commonly called Pembroke Hall, in the university of Cambridge,) informant; Sarah Parkin and others, def~ts. " Whereas, the relators did, on the 22d day of April instant, prefer their petition* unto the Right Hon ble the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, setting forth that Charles Parkin, the testator, in the pleadings of this cause mentioned by his will, dated the- 17th of June, 1759, after thereby taking notice that he was entitled to several sums of money due on securities in his will particularly mentioned, he, out of the annual interest arising on the said securities, gave d'60 per annum to his sister, Sarah Parkin, and £16 per annum, to. his sister, Grace Sharpe, and declared that it was his will that on the death of his said sisters, all the said securities should be vested in the petitioners, the said master, fellows, and scholars, and did thereby give and grant the same to the petitioners, together with what should remain yearly out of the annual interest of the said securities after payment of the said £60 and .=£16 per annum to Ill's sisters, and directed, that upon the death of either of his said sistets, their legacies should cease, and gave all the said securities to the petitioners upon trust for founding 5 or 6 scholarships in Pembroke Hall aforesaid, to be appropriated lo, and conferred upon 5 or 6 scholars educated in Meychant-Taylors' school, London,, regard bemg always had to their seniority and station therein, and particularly to those who were bead of the school and become superannuated, whom he preferred as emeriti milites, and one other scholar, he willed to be of the free school of Bowes, in the county of York, founded by his late uncle,. William Hutchinson, Esq. of Clement's Inn, and of Aldenham, in Hertfordshire; Grace,, his eldest sister and. coheir,, being his the said testator's grandmother, and there being other sisters and coheirs from whom Charles Whittle, Esq. of Gray's Inn, and of Bowes, and Ambrose Edwards, Esq. of Barnard Castle,, were descended ; if any of those families, were qualified, he willed that he should be first preferred and admitted at all times to the said exhibitions on a vacancy, and declared that it was his intention, thai those 5 or 6 scholars should each have an equal portion or dividend, and be chosen within the space of 2 months after any avoidance or vacancy by the master of Pembroke Hall for the time being, and that they should perform the same exercises and be subject to the same rules and ordi- 3 R 490 THE HISTORY OF On the 11th of June, the election to St. John's fell on James hances as the Greek scholars in the same hall were, and that they should be resident at least nine months in every year, and might enjoy the same till they were 7 years standing in the university and no longer; but, until the whole property and interest of the said securities should be in the petitioners, he willed that no more scholarships or exhibitions should be settled than in proportion to the interest money that they were by his will entitled to, and should actually receive, and which he left to the judgment and discretion of the petitioners. That, by the decree made on the hearing of this cause, the 15th of November, 1?69, the said testator's will was declared to be well proved, and it was ordered and decreed, that the charitable trust thereby be- queathed should be established and carried into execution, and it was amongst other things further ordered and decreed, that the said testator's executors should call in the money due upon the securities so specifically bequeathed to the petitioners, and that the same should be paid into the Bank with the accountant-general of this court, and that the same when so paid should be laid out in the purchase of Bank 3 per cent, annuities in the name and with the privity of the said accountant-general in trust in this cause, subject to the further order of the court. .And it was further ordered, that the petitioners should lay a scheme before Mr. Browning, the master, to whom this cause was referred for the founding of the scholarships directed to be established by the said testator's will, and likewise for the disposition of the surplus of the interest until such time as the whole fund should fall in by the deaths of the two annuitants, and all parlies were directed to be paid their costs out of the said testators' personal estate, and any of the parties were directed to be at liberty to apply to the court as there should be occasion, that the money which was due upon the securities so specifically bequeathed to the petitioners in trust, as aforesaid, has been paid into the Bank in the name and with the privity of the said accountant-general, and part thereof has been laid out in the purchase of £5704 : 5:9 Bank 3 per cent, annuities, pursuant to the said decree, and there was lately remaining in cash in the Bank, placed to the account of the said accountant-general, arising from the said securities, the sum of £820, :6: 1, which, by interest since accrued upon the said Bank annuities, is increased to the sum of £868 : 17 : 4, that the said masjerjiajlijnactejij^pj^^ IQth of April in- stant, upon t he scheme propose d by the petitioners in the following words : " In pur- suance of a decree made on the hearing of thTT cause, bearing date the 15th day of Nov. 1 769, I have been attended by the clerk in court for the informant and de- fendants, and a scheme has been laid before me by the relators for the founding the scholarships directed to be established by the will of Charles Parkin, deceased, the testator in the said decree named, and likewise for the disposition of the surplus of the interest directed by the said decree to be paid into the Bank until such time as the whole fund shall fall in by the death of the two annuitants in the said decree severally merchant-Taylors' school. 491 Stopes, John Symmonds, Thomas Griffin, Thomas Finch, and named. And I have considered of the said scheme, and in some particulars have thought fit to vary the same, aud am of opinion, that the said scheme so varied is a proper scheme for the purposes aforesaid. And I have annexed to this my report a copy of the said scheme. All which I humbly certify and submit to the judgement of this hon~ble court. — J. Browning." A copy of the scherng__t o_ which my report an - n exed refe rs. First, that out of the sum of £822 : 6 : 1, cash remaining in the Bank, the relators be paid the sum of o£l87 : 1 : 2, which has been expended by them on ac- count of their said trust over and above the costs allowed to them by the master's re- port upon taxation, as between party and party, and also such subsequent costs and expences as shall be occasioned by the settling and confirming this scheme, they, the aaid relators being barely trustees under the will of the said testator, and no particular sum of money being given them by the said testator's will on that account. Secondly, that the residue of the said sum of c£"822 : 6: ], cash in the Bank after the payment of such costs and expences aforesaid, to be laid out in the purchase of £3 per cent. Bank annuities in the name of the acccountant-general of this court, and placed to the credit of this cause in like manner as the said Bank annuity already purchased. Thirdly, that the surplus interest of the said Bank annuities purchased, and to be purchased as afore- said, after keeping down the annuity of £60 a year to Sarah Parkin, the annuitant, be paid from time to time during the life of the said Sarah Parkin to the master, fellows, and scholars, of Pembroke Hall, in the university of Cambridge, to be applied by them in manner after-mentioned. And, that . 3 scholarships be e stablished^ during the life of i the said Sarah Parkin, and that one of such three scholarships be from lime to time, conferred on a scholar educated at the fre_ejchooLal_.Bowes, in the county of York, and the others on sc holars e ducated at Mer^hjmJt^Taylors' school, in London, provided there be scholars from the said school at Bowes and at Merchant- Taylors' school to ■ fill up the vacancies of such scholarships. And, in case there shall not be scholars sufficient at either of the said sc hools to fil l_uj^jach_yacan- cies, then the same to be conferred on scholars ed ucatgjLelsejwhere. .All such scho- lars to be chosen bylhTmaster ot'ThViaiS college, the families mentioned in the said testator's will being first preferred, and regard being had to the other circumstances recommended by the said will. And that each of the said scholars be paid one-third part of such surplus interest to be received by the master, fellows, and scholars, after deducting any expences the said master, fellows, and scholars shall be put to on account of their trust under the testator's will by four equal quarterly payments at Christmas, Lady-day, Mid% and Mich 3 , the first of such payments to be made to each of such scholars at such of the said days as shall first happen next after his being chosen as aforesaid. Fourthly, that, on the death_of_the_sald i Sarah Parkin, jhe an- 3 R2 492 THE HISTORY OP Thomas Tyrrell ; and a vacancy happening a few days afterwards, nuitant, when the whole fund, given by the said testator for founding of scholarships, shall fall in to the relators', two_ more scho larships be established according to the said testator's will ; and that, after the said scholarships shall be so increased to the number of 5, each of such scholars shall be paid an equal fifth part of the income or produce of the whole fund (subject to such deduction as aforesaid) by such four quarterly payments as are before-mentioned, one of such five scholarships being from time to time conferred on a scholar educated at the said school at Bowes, and the others on scholars educated at the said Merchant-Taylors' School, if there be scholars of the said schools qualified to fill up the vacancies of the said scholarships, but if there be none of such at either of the said schools, then on scholars educated else- where, to be chosen by -the 'master. Fifthly, that the said scholars to he .elected to the. said scholarships do perform the like exercises, and be subject to the same rules and ordinances as the Greek scholars in the said hall are subject to, and do reside there nine months in every year. And that such scholars as shall be elected from Merchant-Taylors' School, or the free-school at Bowes, do enjoy the benefit of such scholarships or exhibitions no longer than until th.ey.ai- e of 7 ye ars standing in the sa id un iversity. And when and so often as any such scholarship or scholarships shall become vacant by any scholar or scholars having enjoyed the same for 7 years, or by the death of any scholar or scholars, or otherwise, -such vacancies :be from time to time filled up by other scholars, to be chosen by the master of the said college from such two schools as aforesaid, so as that one of the. 5 scholars be educated at thesaid school of Bowes, and the others at Merchant-Taylors' School, if there be scholars of the said schools qualified to fill up such vacancies. But if there be none such at either of the said two schools, then to be chosen out of scholars educated elsewhere, and the scholars at any time to be.elected, who shall not have been educated at either of the said two schools, to enjoy the benefit of their scholarships unull they shall respectively be of 7 years standing in the university, unless, before the expiration of that time, there shall be scholars from Merchant-Taylors' School, or the school at Bowes, qualified, and. offering to be chosen into the said last-mentioned scholarships^ in which case the said master shall choose such scholars so offering into the said scho- larships accordingly, and they shall from thenceforth enjoy the same till they are of 7 years standing as aforesaid, and the scholars who were -before possessed -of sueh scholarships shall then cease to have any further benefit therefrom. And, in ease there shall be two scholars elected, who were not educated at either of the said two schools, in possession of two of. the above scholarships, and only one candidate: shall offer from the said two schools, then the said master shall determine which of the said two scholars shall resign ,in favor -of the new elected candidate, and so.incaseof larger numbers the master to determine in whose room the new candidate shall sue- merchant-Taylors' school. 493 it was supplied by the post-election of John Green.* And, on the ceed. And therefore it was prayed that the said report might be confirmed, and that out of the said sum of ,£868 : 17 : 4, remaining .in cash placed to the account of the said Accountaut-General to the credit of this cause, the petitioners might be paid the sum of .£187 : 1 : 2, certified to have been expended by them on account of their trust as aforesaid. And that it might be referred to the said master to tax the peti- tioners their subsequent costs and expences occasioned by the settling and confirming the said scheme, and that what shall be allowed by the said master on such taxation might also be paid to the petitioners out of the said sum of ,£8(38 : 17 : 4, cash in the Bank as aforesaid, and that the residue of the said sum of £868 : 17 : 4 might be laid out in the purchase of Bank 3 per cent, annuities in the name and with the privity of the said Accountant-General, in trust in this cause, and that he may declare the trust thereof accordingly, subject to the further order of the court; and that the sur- plus interest of the Bank annuities purchased and to be purchased as aforesaid, after keeping down the annuity of £60 a year to the defendant Sarah Parkin during her life, and the whole of such, interest after her death might be from time to time paid to the petitioners the said master, fellows, and scholars, to be applied by them ac- cording to the said scheme approved by the said master's report, and that, for the purposes aforesaid, the Accountant-General might draw on the Bank, arid that the petitioners might be at liberty to apply to this court as there shall be occasion in the course of their said trust. Whereupon all parties concerned were ordered to attend his Lordship on the matter of the said petition this day ; and council for the peti- tioners this day attending accordingly, no one appearing for the other parties con- cerned, altho' they were duly served with copies of the said petition and his Lord- ship's order thereon, as by affidavit now produced and read appears; upon hearing the said petition, the said report and the said Accountant-General's certificate read, and of what was alledged by the council for petitioners, his Lordship doth order that the said report be confirmed, and that out of the said £868 : 17 : 4, cash in the Bank in this cause, the petitioners be paid the sum of £187 : 1 : 2, certified to have been expended by them on account of their trust as aforesaid; and that it be referred to the said master to tax the petitioners their subsequent costs and expences occasioned by the settling and confirming the said scheme, and that what shall be allowed by the said master on such taxation be also paid to the said petitioners out of the £868 : 17 : 4, cash in .the Bank as aforesaid, and that the residue of the £868.: 17:4 be laid out in the purchase of Bank S^per cent.. annuities in the name and with the privity of -the said Accountant-General in trust in this cause, and he is to declare the trust thereof accordingly, subject to the further order of the court. And it is ordered that the .surplus inteiest of the Bank annuities already purchased and to be purchased as afore- -said, after keeping down the aunuity of £60 a year to the defendant Sarah Parkin 494 THE HISTORY OF 17th of December, it was ordered that for the future all applica- tions for Juxon's book-money should be made in writing, and the gift not disposed of till a subsequent court.-j- A little before the election in 1774, the court thinking that too little respect had been paid to the company as the founders and supporters of the school, in the title of the annual election paper, prescribed the form in which it should appear for the future. J On the 11th of June, Robert Harcourt James was chosen scholar of St. John's.§ And, on the 19th of Juty, Townley, informing the during her life, and the whole of such interest after her death he from time to time paid to the petitioners, the relators, the said master, fellows, and scholars of Pem- broke Hall in the university of Cambridge, to be applied by them according to the said scheme approved by the said master's report. And for the purposes aforesaid, the said Accountant-Generalis to draw on the Bank according to the form prescribed by the Act of Parliament for the relief of the suitors of this court, and the general rules and orders of this court in that case made and provided. And it is ordered that the petitioners be at liberty to apply to this court as there shall be occasion, or by the said petition is desired," * Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. •{• " Ordered that for the future when any application is made for Mr. Juxon's, the same be in writing, and that the gift be not disposed of till a subsequent court." — See mimi(es of court, 17 December, 1773. % See miuutes of court, 13 May, and 1 June, 1774.— But the nature of the alte- ration will be best shown by a juxtaposition of the titles, lor 1773 and 1774. XIII. The ELECTION of Scholars, ELECTION, to since St. JOHN'S COLLEGE, Oxon, The Rev. James Townley, A. M. on was Master, The Feast of St. Barnabas, 1 1 June, 1 774, AT THE FROM M ERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL, MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL, on Founded and supported at the soleExpence The Feast of St. Barnabas, June 11, 1773. of the Worshipful Company of MERCHANT-TAYLORS, London. § Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL, 495 court that the clock at the school was often out of repair for want of being properly wound up, it was " ordered that a proper per- son should be employed to wind it up in a regular manner at the discretion of the master and wardens."* On the 24th of November, Bristow, the clerk, communicated to a committee of the company a letter which he had received from Dr. Brown, the master of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, re- specting Parkin's scholarships, informing him that it was become necessary for his society to make a fresh application to chancery for an equitable decision on the different claims which had arisen, and might still arise to those scholarships, and desiring some in- formation concerning the rules and orders of the school and ad- mission of scholars.f The committee directed him to acquaint * See minutes of court, 19 July, 1774, — Some of my readers may, perhaps, cen- sure me for inserting orders of this trifling nature. But comforts often depend upon trifles. And the rule I have laid down for myself in this history, has been, not to sit in judgement on the importance of an order, but faithfully to bring together all the. regulations which have been made from time to time, (that they may no longer be like fugitive pieces, forgotten as soon as produced,) always supposing that the framers of them had reasons for the measures they adopted. + Letter from Dr. Brown to Mr. Bristow.' " Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, s ' Nov. 8, 1774. " You are not unacquainted with certain difficulties which have arisen concerning the disposal of Mr. Parkin's scholarships. The general interest of Merchant-Taylors' School bath been already secured by the provision the Court of Chancery hath made, that foreigners, when in possession of any of these scholarships, shall be superseded by scholars coming from the school itself. But there is a diversity of sentiments con- cerning the different degrees of preference to which different claimants of Merchant- Taylors' School may be entitled. For instance,— with respect to those who are ad- mitted into the school above the fourth form and for that reason can never be elected to St. John's, and therefore can never come under the notion of being superannuated, whether they being once in possession of any of these scholarships ought to be super- seded by those who have been upon the line of election and have lost their election oply by superannuation. Other doubts haye been raised concerning those who leave the school without going regularly through their education, and having been admitted 496 THE HISTORY OF Dr. Brown that, as the master and wardens of the company had not been parties to the suit, they apprehended they had no right in or below the fourth form, and capable consequently of obtaining their election to Oxford, have yet deserted the school upon some disgust without staying to see whe- ther they should become superannuated or no, and after having been engaged some time in another way of life have set up a claim to these scholarships, contrary, as we apprehend, to the intention of tbe benefactor, and as it may happen even to the ex- clusion of those whom he intended to encourage. It is become necessary to make a fresh application to chancery that an equitable rule may be established for deciding upon the different claims which have arisen and may still arise. How far the com- pany will think themselves interested in these matters must be left to their own judge- ment. The superannnated boys are clearly the first objects of Mr. Parkin's bounty, but whether they shall supersede other scholars from the same school, who shall be once in possession., is a doubt of great consequence. And it is of equal consequence to determine whether those who have deserted the school, before their regular time of leaving it, can have any right at all to claim these scholarships. And if they have any such right, under what limitations it must be aHowed. If this claim be esta- blished, I foresee many evil consequences from it. These scholarships may come to be filled by deserters from the school instead of being made tbe rewards of industry; and the comforts of those who merely by superannuation have been disappointed of the success they had hoped for at Oxford. The college will endeavour to bring these points to a fair determination ; and I understand it will be necessary upon this occa- sion to explain to the court as well as we can the constitution of Merchant-Taylors' School. From the inquiries which have already been made, I apprehend that upon the admission of boys into the school, there are different warrants according to the different classes of the school into which the boys are intended to be admitted, viz. whether they are to be admitted in or below the fourth class, or above it. ' In order to state these matters to the court, I must desire the favor of you to furnish us with an account of these warrants, by whom they are given, and under what different forms for the fourth class and those below it, or for those above it. And I may wish to know whether any boys are admitted by the mere authority of the master without any warrant at all. I desire the favor of you to be as expeditious, as may suit your con- venience in giving me this aecount; because our agent tells me he must defer sending the neeessary papers to London till it comes. ^ I am, Sir, with much respect,. Your obedient humble servant, James Brown. " P. S. Be pleased to make my respectful 1 compliments to Mr. Townley and to Mr. Green." MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 49T to interfere in the business, but that the clerk should afford him «very information and furnish him with copies and extracts of any rules, orders* or other writings he might desire relative to their school, and if necessary should attend him or his agent in London for that purpose.* And accordingly, on the 29th of that month, the clerk Wrote to the master of Pembroke Hall,-f- giving * See minutes of court, 16 December, 1774. •\- Letter from Mr. Bristow to Dr. Brown. " Merchant-Taylors' Hall, Sir, 29 Nov. 1774. " I communicated the contents of your letter to the Merchant-Taylors' Company at a committee on Thursday last, when I was desired to acquaint you that the Mer- chant-Taylors' School was founded in 156l by the company, and has ever since been maintained with salaries to the master and ushers, and other charges and burthens yearly, at the sole expence of the company out of their own private estate, without any other estate having been given for the support thereof, that they have from time to time made rules and orders for the good government of it as occasion has required, that with respect to the doubts mentioned in your letter to me, as the master and wardens of the^ company are hot party to the suit, they apprehend they have no right to interfere, but desire me to express their highest satisfaction that the benefit, intended to the scholars educated at their school, is under the management of Dr. Brown, as they are confident he~will endeavour to settle the same upon the strictest principles of justice. And they have directed me to supply you with every informa- tion, and furnish you with copies or extracts of any rules or orders, or other writings you may desire, relative to their school, and if occasion shall require to wait on you or your agent in London for that purpose. In obedience to which order, and in answer to your favor of the 8th instant, I send you inclosed the forms of the two dif- ferent warrants, or orders for admission of scholars into Merchant-Taylors' School, as also copies of two orders of court relative to the school. The warrants are directed to be made by a note under the hand of one of the court of assistants of the com- pany, in consequence of which the warrant in the form inclosed, as the. case may happen, is prepared by me as clerk, and signed by the master and two wardens at least of the company, and is then entred by me in a book kept for that purpose. And the boy to be admitted presents the warrant to the master of the school, who files the warrant, and admits him accordingly. The master of the school hath no authority to admit any boy into the school, but always applies to the clerk with a list of scholars, from which the warrants are prepared and signed in the same manner as the others; and, in order to save the master of the school the trouble of applying 3 8 498 THE HISTORY OP him such a clear insight into the constitution and internal arrange- ments of Merchant-Taylors' School, as laid the foundation for an improved scheme, which was afterwards confirmed by the Court of Chancery. to one of the court of assistants for every admission, Mr. James Walton has given him a general liberty to make use of his name, and Mr. Townley's tickets are always entered as recommended by Mr. Walton, with the letter T. set on the warrant, to dis- tinguish warrants made out for Mr. Townley's list from those of Mr. Walton's par- ticular recommendation. The sudden death of a friend has unavoidably employed the whole of my time ever since Thursday last, which 1 must plead as my excuse for not sooner communicating to you the sentiments of the committee. I beg leave to add, that I shall be happy in every opportunity of paying my respects to the gentlemen of Pembroke Hall and to Dr. Brown, by obeying them and their commands* And that I am, Sir, Your most obed~t humble serv"t, Geo. Bristow, Cfk." Copy of the forms of the warrants inclosed in the above letter. " Merchant-Taylors. . " A. B. Son of A. B. is admitted to be taught in the Company's Grammar School on St. Laurence Pountney's Hill, paying per quarter. Dated the day of , 17 Recommended' by "> / Mr.* CD. J per quarter. Dated the E. F. Master. G. H.-\ J. K. ( L.M.f • Wardens." N. OJ 1 " Merchant-Taylors. '< A. B; son of A. B. is admitted to be taught in the Company's Grammar School on St. Laurence Pountney's Hill, paying per quarter, (entered in the fifth form, and not to be a candidate for the election to St. John's College in Oxford.) Dated this day of ,, 17 Recommended by ~i E. F. Master. Mr. CD. i G. H.} J. K. f ■ L M Y hardens" N. O.) Then followed copies of the orders of court, 15 June, 1625, (see page 226) and SO December, 1750, (see page 451) inclosed in the said letter. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 499 On St. Barnabas's Day, 1775, George , Fletcher, John Davis Plestow, and George Lethieullier Schoen,* were elected scholars of St. John's. „ „ / ..,. / In the course of Trinity Term, in the year 1776,-f the Lord Chancellor confirmed a further report, which Master Browning had made on the scheme for settling Parkin's scholarships, as im- proved by Browne, after his correspondence with the clerk; J to * See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v* t See Letter from Thomas Lambe, of Cambridge, to the Rev. Mr. Townley, dated 10th June, 1776. % " 8 May, 1776. Between his Majesty's Att7 Gen 1 at the relation of the master, fellows, and scholars of the College or Hall of Mary Valence,, commonly called Pembroke Hall in the university of Cambridge, Inform~t; Sarah Parkins and others, Defend~ts. " In pursuance of the order made in this cause, dated the 3d day of Nov~r last, where-.; by it is referred back to me to review my former report of the lQtn day of April \astft I have been attended by the in court for the informants and defendants/ I have reviewed my said report, and have also, according to the directions of the s^d order, proceeded to take into consideration such explanations and additions as the relators have proposed to be made to the scheme -approved by my said former report for the founding the scholarships directed to be established by the will of Charles Parkin, deceased, the testator, in the s~d -order named. And I find, by the scheme annexed to my former report, approved by me, and confirmed by this honourable court, that three scholarships are to be established during the life of the defendant, Sarah Parkin ; and that one of such three scholarships is from time to time to be con- ferred on a scholar educated at the free-school at Bowes in the county of York, and the others on scholars educated at Merchant-Taylors' School in London, provided there shall be scholars from the said school at Bowes and Merchant-Taylors' School to fill up the vacancies of such scholarships; and in case there shall not be scholars sufficient at either of the said schools to fill up such vacancies, then the same are to be conferred on scholars educated elsewhere; all such scholars to be chosen by the master of Pembroke Hall in the university of Cambridge, the families mentioned in the said testator's will being first preferred, and regard being had to the other circum- • stances mentioned by the said will; and that on the death of the said Sarah Parkin, the testator's sister., and an annuitant under his will, two or more scholarships are to be established, and that after the said scholarships shall be so increased to the number of five that one of such five scholarships is from time to time to be conferred on a scholar educated at the said school at Bowes, and the other four on scholars educated 3 s 2 500 THE HISTORY 01? which amendment a collision of sentiments on some points be- tween Townley and Green (who had succeeded Knox, not only in at the said Merchant-Taylors' School, if there shall be scholars at the said school qua- lified to fill up the vacancies of the said scholarships. But if there shall be none of such at either of the said schools, then on scholars educated elsewhere, to be chosen by the said master; and that such scholars as shall be elected from the said Merchant- Taylors' School and free-school at Bowes are to enjoy the benefit of such scholarships no longer than till they are of 7 years standing in the s~d university; and when and as often as any such scholarship ot scholarships shall become vacant by any scholar or scholars, having enjoyed the same for 7 years, or by the death of any scholar or scho- lars, or otherwise, such vacancies shall be from time to time filled up by other scholars, to be chosen by the master of the s~d college from such two schools as- aforesaid. So as that one of the s""d five scholars be educated at the s~d school at Bowes, and the others at Merchant-Taylors' School, if there shall be scholars at the s~d schools qua- lified to ; fill up such vacancies; but if there shall be none such at either of the said two schools, then to be chosen out of scholars educated elsewhere ; and that the scho- lars at any time to be elected, who shall not have been at either of the said two schools, shall enjoy the benefit of their scholarships until! they shall respectively be of 7 years standing in the university, unless, before the expiration of that time, there shall be scholars from Merchant-Taylors' School, or the school at Bowes, qualified and offering to be chosen into the s~d last-mentioned scholarships, in which case the s~d master is to chuse such scholars so offering into the s~d scholarships accordingly, and they shall from thenceforth enjoy the same untill they are of 7 years standing as aforesaid, and the scholars who were before possessed of such scholarships shall then cease to have any further benefit therefrom. But it having been stated to me that doubjg havin g arisen in regard t o these s~d claims and interfering interests which may arise to the s~d scholarships, and particularly amongst the scholars educated at the s~d Merchant-Taylors' School, and the different degrees of preference in which such scholars ought to be ranked. Upon due consideration of such explanation and ad- ditions as the s~d relators propose to be made to the aforesaid scheme, I do con- ceive— " First, That all scholars at Merchant-Taylors' School who have been admitted in or below the 4th form and are become superannuated, ought, according to the inten- tion of the s~d testator's will to be preferred in the first place before all others. " Secondly, That those scholars who were admitted in or below the 4th form, and shall have continued 4 years at the s~d school, and shall not be superannuated, shall stand in the 2d degree of preference. " Thirdly, That those scholars who were admitted in the 5th form, and shall have continued 4 years at the s~d school shall stand in the 3d degree of preference. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. $QV the sehoolbut jn his view of things,) had not a little contributed.* On the 11th of June, the election fell on Michael Mar]ow,f George " Fourthly, That such scholars of the s~d school as were admitted in the 6th form there, and shall have continued 4 years at the said school, shall be allowed to claim such scholarships upon a vacancy, and shall stand in the 4th degree of preference. " Fifthly, That those who were entitled to claim any of the said scholarships under any of the foregoing rules whilst they continued at the s~d Merchant-Taylors' School, and shall have directly removed from thence to either university shall stand in the next degree of preference, and shall be intitled to claim in preference one among another, accordingly, as they would have been if they had continued in the said school, (that is to say,) under the 1st, 2d, 3d, or 4th degree of preference before mentioned. And that none of the scholars, to be elected under the claims before stated, when in possession of the said scholarships, shall be liable to be superseded by other scholars ; but shall be entitled to enjoy the said scholarships untill they are of 7 years standing in the said university. " Sixthly, That all elections of scholars from Merchant-Taylors' School shall be of such as, at the time of their election, shall be actually scholars constantly residing there for 4 years at the least before their election, unless sooner removed from thence directly to either university, as above-mentioned. " Seventhly, That scholars to be elected from the-schpol at Bowes, shall have been there two years at least immediately before their election. " Eighthly, In case there shall be no such scholar offering on a vacancy of the s~d scholarship at Bowes, that then any other scholar educated there, and who shall have continued there for 2 years at least, and removed directly from thence to either uni- versity, shall be eligible into the said scholarship and not be liable to be super- seded. " All which I humbly certify and submit to the judgement of this honourable court. J. Browning." * See Townley's Letters, dated 12th September, and 17th December, 1774, and Green's, 5th May, 1774, and 21st January, 1775, qu qted in the plan for the further; explanation and amendme nt o f_thg_jcbgm e, as Iaid _befjore__Master Browning. — The value of each of these scholarships is at present <£40 per annum. f To reconcile the assertion (in Clare's Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, p. xxxix. note) that Marlow, the president of St. John's, had been one of Bishop's scholars with the fact that his school education was completed by Townley, it may be right to observe^ that Marlow had been under Bishop's particular care in the lower part of the school, but was removed to college almost seven years before Bishop's promotion to the head-mas- tership. 502 THE HISTORY OP Frank Blakiston, and John Bell.* And, on the 17th of Decem- ber, the court, passing from the consideration of a particular case, which was referred to the determination of the master and war- dens, made an order that for the future no boy who has been ab- sent more than three months shall, unless in case of sickness, be received into the school without the consent of the master and wardens for the time being.-f- On the eve of the election in 1777, Fayting, who had been one of the examiners for many years, resigned the office much to the regret of the company, and was succeeded by Thomas Taylor, one of Criche's scholars, who had been elected to St. John's and had taken the degree of bachelor in civil law. J On the llth of June, James Cutler and Robert Benn Bell were chosen scholars of St. John's. § Shortly after it was ordered by a committee, that the company's coat of arms should be put up in the school. || And, * See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. f " Mr. James Townley, master of Merchant-Taylors' school, having attended, and desired the directions of this court touching the receiving into the said school, Wil- liam Maidment, a scholar who has been absent therefrom one year and nine months, ordered, that it be left to the master and wardens to determine whether such scholar shall now be received, and that for the future no scholar who has been absent from the school more than three months, shall, unless in case of sickness, be received into the same without the consent of the master and wardens for the time being." — See minutes of court, 17 December, 1776. That the attention of the master and wardens was to be drawn to the circumstances of each particular case, is evident from the practice which immediately obtained and continued for some years. See the case of George Bolton, in minutes of committee, 19 December, 1777; of Isaac Forbes, in minutes of committee, 20 Ma}', 1778; and of 'Richard Hatherill, in minutes of committee, 7 November, 1781. J " On reading a letter from the Reverend Mr. Fayting, of resignation of his office of examiner of Merchant-Taylors' school, the Rev. Mr, Thomas Taylor was elected thereto, and ordered, that the thanks of this court be sent to the said Mr. Fayting, for the many services done by him to this company."— See minutes of court, 16 Mav, 1777. ^ See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. || See minutes of court, 11 July, 1777. merchant-Taylors' school. 503 before the .-expiration' of the year,' William Bowyer, the most learned printer of the eighteenth century, thought proper to men- tion Merchant-Taylors' in his will, with a preference not unworthy of notice in these pages, as he intended thereby to pay a compli- ment to the place of his own school-master's education. This extraordinary character, a native of London, who had been trained by Bonwicke in the private school which he established at Headley on his ejection from Merchant-Taylors', and had completed his education at St. John's College, Cambridge,* having accu- mulated a considerable property in the course of many years' strict attention to an extensive business, bequeathed to the com- pany of stationers* one thousand pounds in the 3 per cent, re- duced, on condition that the produce of it should be paid yearly to a compositor of sober life, and versed in the Latin and Greek languages; expressing, at the same time, a particular wish that the object of his bounty should be one who had been brought up piously and virtuously at Merchant-Taylors' or some other publick school, from seven till seventeen years of age.-j; * On leaving the university, he went into business with his father/ and their press acquired a great reputation among the learned. In 1729, he was appointed printer. of the votes of the House of Commons. In 1736, he was elected fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1761, he was appointed printer to the Royal Society; and, in 1763, he published the New Testament, in Greek, with conjectural emendations, 2 vols. 12mo. The last have been printed in a separate form. In 1766, he took Mr. John Nichols into partnership, by which he was greatly relieved from the weight of business. And, the year following, he was appointed printer of the Journals of the House of Lords and Rolls of Parliament.— Mr. Bowyer wrote several curious tracts and published improved editions of some valuable books.— See Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer. f " It has long been to me matter of concern, that such numbers are put appren- tices as compositors without any share of school-learning, who ought to have the greatest: In hopes of remedying this, I give and: bequeath to the said Company of Stationer, such a sum of money as will purchase one thousand pounds three per cent, reduced Bank annuities, for the use of one journeyman compositor, such as shall. here- after be described, with. this special trust, ttet the master, wardens, and ass.stants, shall 504 THE HISTORY OF But the most material event that took place this year was the settling of the scholarships founded by Dr. Stuart at St. John's College, Oxford, and Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. The relations mentioned in his will having died without leaving any issue, the Lord Chancellor directed the trustees to lay before the court a scheme for applying their respective moieties. In obedience to which order, a scheme, first settled by the master of Pembroke,* pay the dividends and produce thereof half-yearly to such compositor: — The said master, wardens, and assistants, of the said company, shall nominate for this purpose a compositor who is a man of good life and conversation,who shall usually frequent some place of pub- lick worship every Sunday, unless prevented by sickness, and shall not have worked on a newspaper or magazine for four years at least before such nomination, nor shall ever afterwards whilst he holds this annuity, which may be for life if he continues a journey- man : He shall be able to read and construe Latin, and at least to read Greek fluently with accents; of which he shall bring a testimonial from the rector of St. Martins, Ludgate, for the time being: I could wish that he shall have been brought up piously and virtuously, if it be possible, at Merchant-Taylors', or some other public school, from seven years of age till he is full seventeen, and then to serve seven years faithfully as a compositor, and work seven years more as a journeyman, as I would not have this .annuity bestowed on any one under thirty-one years of age : If, after he is chosen, he should behave ill, let him be turned out, and another be chosen in his stead. And, whereas, it may be many years before a compositor may be found that shall exactly answer the above description, and it may at some times happen that such a one cannot be found ; I would have the dividends in the mean time applied to such person as the master, wardens, and assistants, shall think approaches nearest to^vhat I have de- scribed." — See Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer, p. 489. 4to. * " Scheme for settling the scholarships founded in Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, by Dr. Stuart. " Upon the death and failure of issue of such relations as are mentioned in the last will and testament of William Stuart, D.D. the test~or hath given and bequeathed the moiety of £2500 for the founding a scholarship in Pembroke Hall, for the benefit of a superannuated scholar educated in Merchant-Taylors' school. " The relations are now dead without leaving any issue. In this case, whenever it should happen, the head master of Merchant-Taylors' school, and the master and fellows of Pembroke Hall, all for the time being, are appointed by the will trustees for the said moiety amounting to <£lQ50 for the founding of such scholarship. " The said moiety is now vested in the funds, viz. in South Sea Annuities, and, by merchant-Taylors' school. 505 the head-master of Merchant-Taylors', and the president of St. order of the Lord Chahcellor upon the petition of the parties concerned, is to be trans- ferred to the accountant-general for the purpose above-mentioned ; and his lordship further directs, that the college, with Mr. Townley, the head master of Merchant- Taylors' school, shall lay before the court a scheme for applying the moiety for which they are trustees, for the benefit of a superannuated scholar of the said school. " For the better establishment of this scholarship, the master and fellows of Pem- broke Hall on their parts propose : — " First, That the appointing of the said scholar be settled by the court, and what shall be a sufficient warrant to the said master and fellows for receiving as the scholar upon this foundation. At present it is apprehended that a nomination under the hand and seal of the head master of Merchant-Taylors' school may be their sufficient war- rant " Secondly, That the interest of the said ,£1250 shall from time to time be re- ceived at the accountant-general's office either by the head master of Merchant-Tay- lors' school, or by some person to be appointed by the master and fellows of Pembroke Hall, jointly with the master of Merchant-Taylors' school; and, when it is so received, it shall be paid into the hands of the tutor of the said scholar, in order to defray in whole or in part the necessary expenses which shall be incurred in his education at the university. It is thought reasonable by the master and fellows to insist on this condi- tion, because when young scholars receive for themselves the money for their educa- tion, either in London or elsewhere, but especially in London, it not unfrequently hap- pens that it is employed for other purposes than those intended by the benefactors, both to the prejudice of the scholars themselves, and to the no small inconvenience of those to whose care they are committed. " Thirdly, That the scholar shall receive his money by four quarterly payments in the year, Christmas, Ladyday, Midsummer, and Michaelmas, and that the first pay- ment shall be made on the first quarter's day after his nomination. " Fourthly, That he shall hold his scholarship in Pembroke Hall for seven years, he residing in the college according to the conditions of the will. " Fifthly, That the said scholar shall perform the same exercises as are expected from the other scholars of Merchant-Taylors' school, who are or shall be elected upon Mr. Parkin's, foundation. " Sixthly, That, notwithstanding the property the said scholar will have in the in- terest-money which shall become due upon this moiety for seven years as a scholar of Pembroke Hall, he shall yet be subject to the rules and good orders of the college, and in case of such conduct as may be thought by the master and fellows to deserve expulsion^ he shall be liable to that penalty, and to be no longer deemed a scholar of Pembroke Hall, and, consequently, deprived of that property which he enjoyed under 3 T \ 506. THE HISTORY OF John's, and then approved by the master in the/cause, was finally confirmed in Chancery.* On the 11th of June, 1778, the election fell on Beckwith Dod- well Free, Henry Lord, and William Hartley .-f And* shortly afterwards Townley died. His cotemporaries considered him as> an agreeable writer, an elegant scholar, and a skilful judge of literary excellence.:]: Latham, Newbery, Finch, Silvester, Cline, Knox jun. Marlow,§ Williams, Bigland, and many more, whose that character, unless, upon rehearing his cause, the visitor shall think proper to restore him to his place in the college. " Seventhly, Whenever the said scholarship shall become vacant, either by the death of the scholar or by the expiration of his seven years, or otherwise, the master and fellows of Pembroke Hall shall be obliged to give notice thereof, either to the ac- countant-general, or to the master in chancery, as shall be directed by the court, in order that the future interest-money may be either accumulated according to the direc- tion of the will and added to the principal of the said moiety, in case the scholarship should continue vacant above a year or be paid by the accountant-general for the use of the succeeding scholar when he shall be admitted into Pembroke Hall, in case he shall have a right to receive it by being appointed a scholar upon this foundation, within the time limitted by the will for that purpose. " Eighthly, That out of the interest money which hath arisen out of the said moiety since the death of Mrs. Stuart or shall arise hereafter, all such expenses may be de- frayed as the said master and fellows shall be at or have already incurred, both in set- tling the present scheme for founding the said scholarship and on other necessary occa- sions relative to it." * See letters from the Rev. Mr. Townley to the president of St. John's College,: Ox- ford, and the master of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 19 July, 1776, — from the presi- dent to Townley, 21 July, 1776, — from the master to Townley, 24 July, 1776,-s-rVom Morris Robinson, the agent in London, for Lambe, the solicitor at Cambridge, to Townley, 22 Nov. 1776, — from Townley to the president, 11 March, 1777, — from the same to Robinson, same date, — from Robinson to Townley, 8 March, 1777. — I have been informed by one of the fellows pf Pembroke Hall, that, to the original sum of £\39o: 10:6 in the Old South Sea annuities, there has been added the further sum of £500 in the same stock, arising from accumulation during vacancies. But I have not learned what is the state of the Oxford moiety, •f- See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. J " Mr. Garrick had so high an opinion of Mr. Townley's judgment, that he sub- mitted al) his own works to his correction." — Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, p. xvii. § See page 501, note. ■MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 507 names are familiar to the generality of my readers, and whose abi- lities are acknowledged by the world, were his scholars. But, above all, it is to be remembered that though dead, he still con- tributes to the reputation of the school by the taste with which he inspired one of his earliest pupils, the master who now presides over Merchant-Taylors'. And though the foible, which is the only drawback on his excellence, led him to magnify his office to the discomfort of his fellow labourers, it is not to be denied that it met with the full measure of rebuke.* On the death of Townley, the principle of regular succession revived in the person of Thomas Green, Master of Arts, who had been educated under Criche, and who, on being superannuated, had gone to Peter House, Cambridge, where his merit procured him a fellowship.-}- He had already served the school for the space of twenty-four years. And, therefore, on the 12th of Au- gust, he was appointed to the headship, on giving the usual bond, and signing a schedule of all the fixtures belonging to the com- pany..-': On the 11th of June, 1779, Thomas Waldron, Baker John Sel- * See page 470. f The Rev. William Oldham, the Rev. Thomas Green, and the Rev. James Eyton, were all superannuated boys, and afterwards fellows of Peter House. The last-men- tioned gentleman, who is now vicar of Stantott-by-Dale, in the county of Derby, has, with that benevolence which marks his character, desired me to communicate the in- formation, which he thinks may be highly useful to superannuated boys, that at Peter House (of which Serjeant Adair, late recorder of London, Sir John Wilson, late one of the judges of the Common Pleas, and the present Lord Ellenborough, were mem- bers) there are fourteen fellowships open to all the students thereof, before they be of master's standing, but with this limitation, that there can be only two fellows out of the same county at the same time. Seven of these fellowships are for men from the north, and 'seven for men who are from the south of Trent. In the statutes of the col- lege there is this peculiarity, that Bedfordshire is reckoned among the northern coun- ties. % See minutes of court, 17 July, and 12 August, 1778 3 t2 308 , , THE HISTORY OP Ion, Jonathan Gardner, James Stuart Freeman, and John Forbes, were chosen scholars of St. John's; and another vacancy happen- ing shortly after, Charles Neve was admitted by a post-election.* And, on. the Qth of the following month, a young man, to whom part of Juxon's money for books had been voted, preferring the service of his Majesty to that of the Muses, the gift which he had not received was transferred from him to an elder brother, who was likewise a scholar of St. John's on Sir Thomas White's foun- dation, -f On St. Barnabas's Day, 1780, the election fell on Henry Butts Owen,J whereby the number of scholars was, according to annual custom, in conformity with the founder's statutes, completed by the feast of the nativity of St. John Baptist. § But this full: com- plement was, of short continuance. In the month of September, one of the young men, who were on their probation in the college, was obliged by the president and senior fellows to give in his re- signation, to avoid a formal expulsion, for an offence against the statutes. And on this, the father, more naturally than wisely, on the 3d of November, presented; a memorial to the company on be- half of his son, requesting that his resignation might not be con- sidered a voluntary act, and that they would use their endeavours to procure his restoration. But they, well knowing that they* had *: See Register of the School's Probation -, vol. v. f " . A petition of Mr. Richard Cook, on behalf of John Bell, a student at St. John's College, Oxford; was read, setting forth that in the month of December last the com- pany was pleased to order =£6; part of Mr. Juxon's gift, to be given to Robert Benn Bell, a student at St* John's College, OxOn, and that since that time, and before he re- ceived the same, he left the college and went-on board his Majesty's fleet as a mid- shipman, and therefore it was prayed, that the said sum of £6 might be given to John Bell, brother of the said, > Robert Benn Bell, now a student at the said college, and it is ordered thatthesame be given to the said John Bell accordingly. '« The count gave notice, that the vacant exhibitions will be filled up the next court." — See minutes of court, 9 July, 1779- J See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. ^ See Statute lxix. p. 337. MERCHANnVTAYLORS' SCHOOL. 509 no right of visitation, prudently declined interfering in a business of which they could take no official cognizance.* In 1781, Edward Drax Free, William Dickins, and William Morice, were elected scholars of St. John's.f In 1782, there was no* expectation of a vacancy. But one happening in the interval between the election-day at school and the admission-day at col- lege, the president sent for William Bennett, the head monitor, who was elected accordingly.^: * tc A inettforial was read of John Free, Doctor in Divinity, on behalf of his son, Beckwith Dodwell Free, probationer; of St. John's College, in Oxford, setting forth,, amongst other, things, that in the month of September last, his said son was compelled by the president and senior fellows then resident in the said college, to resign his scho- larship on account of an offence therein mentioned against the statutes of the said college, and petitioning this company not to consider such resignation as a voluntary' act that oughtto vacate his son's fellowship unless it should appear from the force and meaning of the said statute, there was reason for making such a choice, and praying this company would.be pleased, if they had not the statutes of the said college already in their possession,, to demand of the president an attested copy thereof, that he might obtain the opinion of council therebn, whether the penalty in the present case amounted in any shape to unavoidable expulsion,, and if it did not, that they would use theiren- deavours with the president to procure, bygentle means, his son's restoration to his fel- lowship with the continuation of his exhibition and all the advantages which he enjoyed ; and a testimonial was also read under the hands of the president and three of the senior fellows of the said college, certifying, that the said Beckwith Dodwell Free had constantly there resided from Michaelmas; 1779, to August 3,' 1780, during which time he had. pniifciually perfbinied the exercises of the college, been regular in his behaviour, and duly attended to his/studies. And it is the unanimous. opinion of this court, that as Sir Thomas White, the founder. of the said college of St. John, in Oxford, did not vest in this company any right of visitation of or con troul over the same, it will be highly improper in this court to interfere in the government or management of the said col- lege."— See minutes of court; 3 November, 1780. f See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. t " Mr. Green presents his most respectful compliments to the master and wardens, and begs leave to inform them that a vacancy having happened at St. John's College since the election day, the president was pleased to send for Bennett, the senior scholar, who. was elected by the college on [the first Monday after St. John Baptist's Day] Monday last. ".. ... |f , CJ ... . " Merchant-TayJors' School, July 3, 1782." 5K> THE HISTORY OF On New Year's Day, 1783, Green died, after enjoying the head- mastership, which had long been the object of his humble ambi- tion, little more than four years. He was a man, whose qualities were rather sterling than brilliant. Accustomed to think for him- self, he valued more the character of independence* with which nature had stamped him,, than the greatest advantages he could have procured by a sacrifice of his opinions. Sellon and Gardner were among the first pupils whose education he completed. The literary labours of the former on subjects connected with his pro- fession sufficiently speak his praise. But never can we sufficiently regret that the career of usefulness, to which the latter seemed destined by his devotion to study, has been long closed by the arm of death. Only while these and others of Green's scholars are applauded for their habits of application, let not the teacher be forgotten, from witnessing whose fidelity in the discharge of every duty they imbibed them. On the 22d of January, Green was succeeded by Samuel Bishop, Master of Arts, another of Criche's scholars, who had followed him step by step through the school, both in youth and manhood. The conditions of Bishop's election were similar to those under which his predecessor had been chosen.* The dwelling-house and ap- purtenances were, as usual, ordered to be repaired. -j- And every thing wore the appearance of going on by precedent. In June that year* Thomas Whitfield, Samuel Hemming, and his twin bro- ther, Frederick,^: were elected scholars of St. John's. On the 6th of February, 1784, it was ordered, that for the future every member of the court should be summoned to attend at the two examinations of the school's probation, and afterwards to dine * See minutes of court, 22 January, 1783. + See minutes of court, 11 April, 1783. J See the Register of the School'sProbation,vol.v. — The twins (Samuel and Frederick Hemming) were joint partakers of Juxon's book-money the following year. — See minute s of court, 13 October, 1784. I do not recollect an instance of that gift being divided since. ill) Vn'&Jce dclttje JREV? SAMUEL Bishop ma. /''/<> fris'tan* / ^t^ / ^u)yl'^^u)i£^ynyj^^^^^'>^cr^ MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 511 at the halljwhereby the company increased their recreation-expenses six pounds per annum, in compliment to the school.* And, on the llth of June, when Peter Whalley, who has been already men- tioned as interesting himself in the celebration of the school-feast, succeeded Dr. Finch as one of the examiners, the election fell on Paggen William Mayo.-f- About this time, a number of the head boys, inspired with a more than ordinary love of the muses, concurred in assisting each other in their compositions. Their first essays, though im- perfect, obtained for them the applause of a master always ready to hail the dawnings of genius in the youthful mind. They listen- ed with attention to every criticism which his superior judgment and discrimination suggested. And while they were yet at school, they gratified their friends with a publication containing several pieces of acknowledged merit, many of which were contributed by the amiable William Benjamin Portal, whose recent death is de- servedly a subject of general regret. On St. Barnabas's Day s 1785, Thomas Birch and Charles Mayo were elected scholars of St. John's ; and, another vacancy happen- ing shortly after, it was filled up with Portal at a post-election.;]; * " Ordered, that for the future every member of the court be summoned to attend at the school for the examination of the scholars, on the two probation days, and after- wards to dine at the hall, and that the expense of the dinners on those two days be in- creased the sum of £3 for each dinner." — See minutes of court, 6 February, 1784.-- The reader, who is curious in observing the progress of expense, will recollect, that when the company first undertook, in the year 1731, to pay for these dinners out of their stock, the cost was limited to five pounds for each dinner. — See page 436. In the year 1784, the expense was increased to eight pounds or guineas each. And, in the following year, to ten pounds, as appears by the following order. — " On application made to this court by Lucas Birch, this company's cook, for additions to be made to the two probation din- ners on account of the dearness of provisions, ordered, that the sum of .£8 : 8, usually allowed for each probation dinner, be increased to £10."— See minutes of court, 16 De- cember, 1785. — In the year 1790 the expense was increased to fourteen guineas each, and in 1794 to twenty pounds.— See minutes of court, 20 Oct. 1790, and 9 April, 1794. f See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. t See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. 51S. THfe HISTORY or ,' On the 5th of May, 1786, it was ordered, that Ffysshe's batlings, which, in the year 1769, had been raised to four pounds per an- num,* should be increased to the annual value of four pounds eight shillings.-f And, on the 11th of June, the election fell on Thomas Brathwaite and Thomas Percy.J A little previous to the election in 1787, it was directed that the windows in the chapel which had been recently repaired, should be furnished with Venetian shades ;$ as owing to the southern aspect of the room, no little inconvenience had, of late years, arisen from the glare of the noon-tide sun during the examination, which, in former ages, had been as effectually guarded against by commencing business at eight o'clock instead of twelve. But fashion had made the difference of four hours in the da} T between 1596|| and this year, when there being two vacancies, Albert Pell and Thomas Alston Warren were chosen scholars of St. John's. f ;,• On the 11th of June, 1788, the election fell on James Saunders, William Wise, and Samuel Wright Mister.** And, on the 9th of July, the court, anxious not only to secure but also to ascertain the regular attendance of the several masters in their school, directed a register of their presence to be kept in a manner similar to that in which the absence of the boys had long been noted .f-j- In 1789, the election fell on Nathaniel John Hollingsworth ;JJ * See page 476. , f " Ordered, that the exhibitions of Mr. Walter Fish to 5 poor scholars of St. John's College, in Oxford, be increased to =£4 :8 per annum each, during the pleasure of the court, to commence from the last payment of each of them." — See minutes of court, $ May, 1786. J See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. § " Ordered, that Venetian shades be put up to the windows in the chapel at Mer- chant-Taylors/ school." — See minutes of court, 9 May, 1787. U See page 124. <|f See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. ** Seethe Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. ++ See minutes of court, 9 July, 1788. JJ See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. merchant-Taylors' school. 513 and in 1790, on Henry Thomas Jones,* on which occasion Henry Peach, Bachelor in Divinity, Rector of Cheam in Surrey, succeeded Whalley as one of the examiners. At a court on the 20th of October, in the year last-mentioned, it being suggested that some of the exhibitioners were not resident at St. John's according to the wills of the donors, which the master and wardens were anxious to have strictly observed, the clerk was directed to inquire into the fact, and communicate with the presi- dent on the subject; and, in pursuance of these directions, he wrote to Dr. Dennis on the 4th of December, informing him of the qualifications prescribed by the founders of the exhibitions, and requesting his opinion how far the persons enjoying them were qualified to hold them.-f- To this the president replied on * See the Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. t " Merch'-Taylors' Hall, London, Dec. 4, 1790. " S r , w At a court of the company, in October last, mention was made that some of the persons who had been elected to exhibitions did not reside at your college accord- ing to the wills of the donors, and the master and wardens being desirous that the rules prescribed in those wills should be observed as near as might be, directed me to -make the best inquiry I could respecting such residence, and also to send their most respect- ful compliments to you and request the favor of yobr information and opinion relative to such residence. I am glad" suefe directions have given me an opportunity of paying my personal respects to yon, and inquiring after your health and the healths of Mrs. Dennis and family. I hope you wiH not think me tedious in sending you an account of ■ the qualifications mentioned in the wills af the donors of such exhibitions, which ar-e the following, viz. in I5SQ, Mr. Walfee* Fish, a member of the company, gave the rents and profits of a house in Cannon-St. now let at <£22 per annum, to 5 poor studious scholars of St. John Baptist's College, in the university of Oxon, for the time being, which should be most likely to bend their studies to divinity, towards the amendment of thai r victuals and battlings, to be elected after his death by the cotfipany, with full p«wer to revoke the same, or any part thereof, from any such of the said scholars as for any lawful eairse should be thought unworthy thereof by the said company. In l6l 5, Mr. John Vernon, also a member of the company, gave to 4 scholars that should be students and remain in your college and study dlviriity, £16 per annum, viz. £4 a man, such as the company should ehose, and none of them to have the same longer than they study tMvhwty and remain in the college, or shall stand with the good liking of 3 U 514 THE HISTORY OF the 10th, stating that he had hitherto been ignorant of the con- ditions under which the exhibitions were enjoyed, and that only the company, and so to be disposed of from one to another in the said college for ever. In 1617, Mr. John Wooller, another member of the company, gave 40 shillings per annum, to be bestowed by the company to a poor scholar of your college, such a one as the company should understand to have most need and who intended to study divi- nity; and the company have for several years past increased that exhibition to £4 per annum, in order that all their exhibitions might be nearly equal. " The names of Mr. Fish's exhibitioners are (at £4 : 8 per annum) " Edward Drax Free, said to be curate in Wiltshire, and not resident. " Will™ Benj. Portal. " John Curling. , " Thomas Birch. " John Joseph Ellis, chosen at the last court on the resignation of Samuel Hem- ming. " Mr. Vernon's exhibitioners are (at £4 per annum). " William Bennett, " Thomas Percy. ■" Thomas Brathwaite, (who resides in Warwickshire, and has signified an intention of resigning.) And " One vacancy, on the resignation of John Forbes at the last court. " Mr. Wooller's exhibitioner is (at ^4 per annum). " James Stuart Freeman, said to keep a boarding-school at Woodford in Essex, and not to have resided at college for some years. " The vacancy of Forbes was declared at the last court, and a person who applied then will most probably be elected in his room at the next court. There will be an- other application when it is certainly known that there is a second vacancy. And I apprehend there are two vacancies at present occasioned by the non-residence of Brathwaite and Freeman. But you will oblige the company by acquainting them whether the information I have received are facts, and likewise by your opinion whe- ther, according to the wills of the' donors above stated and your statutes a scholar who has a curacy or other employment out of the college attended with any emolu- ment, is properly qualified to receive an exhibition from the company? I will not trespass more on your time, and only add that I shall think myself much obliged if you will some time in next week favor me with an answer, that I may communicate it to the court, which will be held at the beginning of the week following; and, with my compliments to Mrs. Dennis, I am, Sir, " Y~r most obed't humble serve, " The Rev. D r . Dennis, u q eo Bristow." President of St. John's College, Oxford. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 515 three of the exhibitioners were of standing for their master's de- gree.* And, on the 14th, the consideration of the whole affair was referred to a committee,-f- who, on the 15th of February fol- lowing, declared their opinion to be, that the exhibitions in the gift of the company should be tenable by the persons enjoying * " St. John's College, Oxford, Dec. 10, 1790. " Sir, " Till I was favoured with your letter I knew nothing of the conditions under which the exhibitions, granted by the Merchant-Taylors' Company, were enjoyed, or of the persons who enjoy them. As the Company have done me the honour to ask my opinion respecting the term for which they should be granted, I shall witli defe- rence to their judgment say, that it seems to me to be entirely consistent with the intention of the donors that they should be continued to the persons who may be for- tunate enough to obtain them, till they are of standing for the degree of M. A. be- cause, tho' they may in some cases be settled upon curacies before that time, yet so much residence is required of them as must necessarily induce a considerable expense. Of those who now hold the exhibitions, only three are of the standing above men - tinned, viz. Messrs. Freeman, Free, and Bennett; and I cannot but express a wish that even these may have leave to resign at some period which the company may think proper to fix, as I persuade myself they would not have trespassed so far upon the indulgence of their benefactors, but from some peculiarity in their circumstances. I think it right to add, that the remaining exhibitioners are all without provision, and . either wholly or frequently resident in college, except Mr. Portall, who has indeed . a curacy, but is obliged to be in Oxford two or three months in every year. I beg you will do me the honour to present my most respectful compliments to the master and wardens and court of assistants, and assure them that I have, and ever shall have, great pleasure in obeying their commands. I am, with my wife's joint best compli- ments and thanks for your obliging attention to our family, who, I thank God, are in good health, Sir, " Y~r most obed~t humble servant, " George Bristow, Esq. s - Dennis." Merchant-Taylors' Hall, London. f " The clerk read the copy of a letter, written by him since the last court, to Dr. Dennis, president of St. John's College in Oxford, by direction of the master and wardens, relative to the exhibitions paid by this company to scholars at that college ; and the answer thereto of the said Dr. Dennis was read. Ordered that it be referred to a committee of the court of assistants to consider of, and report their opinion .on that matter."— -See minutes of court, 14 December, 1790. 3 v 2 516 THE HISTORY OF them till of Masters' standing ; after which they conceded a par- ticular indulgence to the three older exhibitioners in compliance with a wish kindly expressed by Dennis to that effect.* In 1791, the election fell on London King Pittjf in 1792, on George. Bowzer and Montague Rush ;% and* in 1793, on William Allen.§ By this time Mrs. Lois Andrew was dead ; and the master and fel- lows of Trinity Hall, apprehensive that they could not execute the trust reposed in them by the will of her brother, without doing very great prejudice to their establishment, were disposed to disclaim the trust, and renounce any benefit intended by the" testator, in the bequests so made by him, as detrimental to the general good of their society. But, before they did so, the Right Honourable Sir William Wynne, Knt. Master of Trinity Hall, thinking that the objections might be removed by an amicable arrangement, sent a memorial and proposal, in the name of him- self and fellows, to be presented to the company, and submitted * " The committee then proceeded to take into consideration the exhibitions paid by this company to scholars at St. John's College in Oxford, in pursuance of a refe- rence from the court of the 14th of December last; and on reading the conditions,, under which the said exhibitions were given by the donors, and the observations thereon of the president of the said college in his letter concerning the same, this committee is of opinion that the exhibitions should be continued to such persons as now receive, or may hereafter obtain, the same until they are of standing for the degree of Master of Arts in the said university, and that Messrs. Edward Drax Free, Wm. Bennett, and James. Stuart Freeman may be permitted to hold the same until Christmas next ; and that the arrears and growing payments thereof to that time may be paid to such of them as shall appty for the same, and produce proper testimonials from the college for that purpose. " The clerk was ordered to write a letter to the president of St. John's College, Oxford, to acquaint him with the resolutions relative to the said exhibitions, and to thank him for his obliging letter on that occasion." — See minutes of committee, 15 Fe- bruary, 1791. f See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. % See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. 5) See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 5t? to their consideration as patrons of the school. And this was accordingly done on the 21st of June. But the court, naturally desirous that their scholars should enjoy all the advantages in- tended them by the deceased, frankly signified to Sir William that they could not give their approbation to a proposal, which went to alter or change the intentions of the testator, expressed by him in so precise a manner for the benefit of his schooL* Nothing now remained for the members of Trinity Hall, but either to accept a bequest of such a nature as would in time have altered the very constitution of their society, or to instruct their solicitors to act for them in renouncing it altogether. Of course they preferred the latter alternative, at the same time giving di- rections to their legal agents to use every means in their power of expediting any proceedings, which the company might be advised to adopt. But no sooner had Trinity Hall unsettled the property * " The ckfk laid before this eourt a memorial and proposal of the toaster and fellows of Trinity Hall in the university of Cambridge, sent to him by the Right Hon b,e Sir Will m Wynne, Knt. to be presented to this company and submitted to their consideration as patrons of Merchant-Taylors' School, respecting a benefaction given by the will of John Andrew, Doctor of Laws, and by him intended for thfr mutual advantage ef the school arid college. " And, on consideration thereof, the court is unanimously of opinion, that, as the testator Dtf. AndteW has thought proper by his Will to give to Trinity Hall the sole management and direction of his donations for the benefit of the college and this company's stehool, accompanied by a large benefaction to thai college, the Merchant- Taylors' Company have no right to interfere in altering or changing the intentions of the testator e*pfeSSted (according to the apprehensions of this Court) in So pfecise and dear a manner, arid so much for the benefit of the school in which the Doctor received his education ; and, altho' the court are softy to differ in opinion with so respectable a society as Trinity Hall, they cannot help signifying that the proposal does aoU meet with their approbation, and therefore beg leave to decline such inter- ference,; especially as they are very desirous that the Scholars of Merchant- Taylors' School should enjoy all the advantages intended them by Dr. Andrew, and become members of the community of Trinity Hall. And ordered that the clerk do inform Sir Wm. Wynne of such opinion and resolution of this court."— See Mnutes of court, «1 June, 1793. 518 THE HISTORY OF bequeathed by Andrew's will, than James Andrew, Esq. his per- sonal representative, came forward, claiming the residuary estates and effects of his family. And, therefore, on the 17th of Decem- ber, the court directed the opinion of the Attorney-General to be taken on the question, whether it was proper or prudent for the company to interfere in the trusts, created by Dr. Andrew.* Under the sanction of that opinion an information was filed in Trinity Term, 1794, in the name of the Attorney-General, at the relation of the company, against the proper parties, praying the execution of the trusts.*-)- To this the master and fellows put in * " A memorial was read of Messrs. Dinely and Bell, of Gray's Inn, solicitors for the master and fellows of the college of Trinity Hall in the university of Cambridge, informing this court, by the directions of the said master and fellows, that they are advised it would be improper for them and injurious to the college to accept the bequests to them contained in the will of the said Dr. John Andrew, and the codicil thereto annexed. And that the college therefore do not mean to accept of such bequests, but to renounce the same and all- other benefit whatever left, or given to them by the said will and codicil ; and that the college request that this company will take such steps as they shall think proper on the subject, and had ordered them, their said solicitors, to do every act, and use every means in their? power to expedite any proceedings this company may be advised to adopt; and that they, the said solicitors, thought it necessary to inform this company that James Andrew, Esquire, of Queen- Square, Westmister, is now the personal representative of the said late Dr. John Andrew, and also of his sister the late Mrs. Lois Andrew, and, under and by virtue of their several wills, is the person now entitled to their several residuary personal estates and effects. Ordered that the clerk lay a case before the Attorney-General for his opinion, whether it is proper or prudent for this company to interfere in the trusts of the will of the said Dr. Andrew." — See minutes of court, 17 Dec. 179S. f " The clerk laid before this court the opinion of the Attorney-General, directed to be taken on a case stated respecting the memorial of the master and fellows of the college of Trinity Hall in Cambridge, relative to the bequests of Dr. John Andrew for the benefit of that college and of Merchant-Taylors' School. Ordered that Mr. . Winterbottom, the company's solicitor, do, in pursuance of such opinion, procure an information to be filed in the name of the Attorney-general, at the relation of this company against Trinity Hall and other proper parties, praying the execution of the trusts by Trinity Hall, according to the will of the said Dr. John Andrew." — See mi- nates of court, 9 April, 1794. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 519 their answer on the 28th of February, 1795, in which they ad- mitted generally the facts mentioned in the information, but stated that they declined acting in the trusts, because they were satis- fied, on mature consideration of the subject, that they could not accept them without doing very great prejudice to their establish- ment.* And this was the last stage of the proceedings which Bishop was permitted to see. An oppression upon his breath came on with great violence, and though it gave way in some degree to the power of medicine, his strength diminished rapidly during the Spring. His situation on the election-day in June, was too visible to all who were present. And, on the morning of the 17th of November following, he concluded a life, devoted (as his biographer most justly observes) to the duties of his office, and the service of the publick.-f* * The boys elected to St. John's during the two last years of Bishop's mastership were William Warren Porter, Robert Broad- ley, and James Matthews, in 1794;^ and Thomas Speidell and John Nattin 1795,§ when George Stepney Townley, Master of Arts, son of the late head-master, acted as one of the examiners, and Bish op, in his official capacity, was complimented with tickets for the admission of four dignified persons on his own invitation to the election-dinner. Nor was he more respected by the company than revered by his scholars,who still glow with affection for his memory, gratefully recollecting the judgment and ability with which he pre- sided over the school, and opened to them the treasures of information* The names of P.W. Mayo, Birch,C.Mayo,Portal,VanMildert, Frank, and W.Wadd, are names known and dear to science. After whom, and many others who might be mentioned as the pride and boast of * See the case of the respondents, the master, fellows, and scholars of the college or hall of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the university of Cambridge, page 3. f Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, pages xxix and xxx.' \ See Register of the School's Probation, vol. v. I See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. #20 THE HISTORY OF Merchant-Taylors', may it be permitted to the writer of this work to rank himself, though in the back-ground of the piece, in the groupe of grateful pupils, from whose minds neither the follies, nor the pleasures, nor the labours, nor the cares of life, have been able to efface the fond remembrance of an instructor whom they loved!* During the vacancy of the head mastership, the court instituted an inquiry into the emoluments of the school, and made some additions to them, the number of holidays was re- duced, and the hours of attendance lessened between the first of November and the first of March. -f- But excellence like Bishop's had the effect of rendering the company somewhat fastidious in the choice of a successor. Impressed with the simplicity of man- ners, the strength of penetration, the integrity of conduct, the depth of learning, and the brilliancy of imagination, which; characterized their departed friend, they overlooked every other consideration:]: in their desire to " see his like again." And, thinking that more of these estimable qualifications were united in the master of Maidstone School than in any other of the candidates, they elect- ed him on the ]6th of December, on condition that, within four- teen days, he executed the usual bond of resignation and signed a schedule of the fixtures. " And he, being called in and ac- quainted with his election, agreed to execute such bond, and sign such schedule accordingly."^ The new master was Thomas Cherry, who had been educated under -Townley, and elected to St. John's, where he had taken the * The only female who has honoured this publication with her patronage is the daughter of my old master: it is with peculiar satisfaction that I have inserted her name in th.e List of Subscribers. f See minutes of court, 27 November, and 8 December, 1795. % It is but justice to observe, that, though Mr. Cherry was, from particular circum- stances within the recollection of my readers, chosen in violation of the succession, he has always been an advocate for the general principle. § See minutes of court, \6 Dec. }79.5. Dru/tuiumd- frjutt. MET? THOMAS /%a/i>._si/u? t dfir// &/> 77/>»:.l: JArt>; CHERRY #.I2>. Mzrcm/i^aw-rj . S/yw/m-a./t iSu*//./-/./.r/yS'-/,»:/'J"jn'fy,yft^CAeWt,y'. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOX. 521 degree of Bachelor in Divinity. How far the choice has been justified by experience, the flourishing state 'of the school can bear witness. It need only be observed here that he has uniformly inculcated that principle of disinterested loyalty, which has in every age been a distinguishing characteristick of Merchant-Ta3 r lors\ An early opportunity of displaying which occurred very shortly after his appointment to the headship. Sentiments of a treasonable nature had for a length of time been occasionally written on the walls of the several avenues lead- ing to the school ; and these had excited the contempt of the gene- rality of the boys, who traced them to their authors, Richard Hay ward and John Grose, two boys at the upper end of the sixth form. But, on the 13th of January, 1796, the feeling of contempt which had hitherto prevailed, was changed for that of indignation. On the morning of that day, which the loyal part of the publick hailed in honour of the birth of her Majesty, a three-coloured silk flag of considerable magnitude was seen flying for three hours on the north ramparts of the Tower of London, in insolent rivalry of the royal standard of Great Britain. Information of it was at length sent to Matthew Smith, Esq. the Major of the Tower, by some of the astonished spectators on JJie-hill. la con- sequence of this intelligence, that respectable officer made instant inquiry, and, though by this time the flag was taken down, he traced it to the house of the Rev. Mr. Grose, the assistant chap- lain, and, after diligent search, discovered it hidden under the bed of young Grose. He immediately ordered this "symbol of French madness" to be burnt, and then proceeded to the exa- mination of the offender, who confessed that he had erected the flag at seven o'clock that morning, before he went to school, with- out the knowledge of his father or mother, and that he had been instructed and advised so to do by Richard Hay ward, another scholar at Merchant-Taylors', next to whom he usually sat in the 3.x 522 THE HISTORY OF same form, and who declared his principles to be for the French constitution. While this was transacting at the Tower, Hay ward was haranguing those around him at school, in the jargon of republicanism, till at last his school-fellows, unable to endure any longer the utterance of principles so opposite to those in which they had been educated by their late worthy master, hooted him out of the school. On the Friday afterwards he returned, accom- panied by his father and a friend, who waited on Cherry to in- tercede for the young democrat. But the spirit of the school, rouzed by this attack on its honour, was not to be put to silence before it had given some token of resentment. Of the treatment which' the party experienced in their retreat on this occasion, the father complained in a memorial, which he presented to the cohi- pany on the 5th of February, in which he likewise prayed that the protection of the court might be extended to his son, that he might return to school without further molestation. But the boys and their friends, understanding that the court were likely to be importuned with an application of this kind, drew up two memorials, in which they deprecated the continuance of such boys among them. The fornier of the f se Was signed by William Betton Champneys, the head monitor, iti behalf of himself and his school-fellows,* arid the Mtter by twenty-one of the parents ■ . u * " To the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants of the Worshipful Company of JVIerehant-Taylois. " Gentlemen, " Permit those, who from your indulgent care owe you all dutiful obligations, to lay before you a statement of their conduct under circumstances, which not only affected their own immediate feelings, but which involved at the same time the honpur and happiness of their school. " For these two years past, a variety of improper sentiments have been scrawled on the different avenues that lead to it. Among' others, ' A King without an Head!' ' The Tree of English Liberty without its Top Branch!' &c. &c. so that it appeared rather the entrance to a den of traitors than an attic lyceum. But, though we could MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 523 and guardians of children at the school.* And the allegations in easily trace the authors of them, we treated such attempts on our loyalty as the infant struggles of republicanism in the cradle of treason, and smiled on its childish efforts with silent contempt. We felt, it is true, that science and literature are of no party ; yet, we could not help lamenting that any attack, however impotent, should originate in a seminary unquestionably loyal. " But our forbearance, gentlemen, has been productive of the greatest insult that could be offered to society. A tri-coloured silk flag of considerable magnitude was seen flying for three hours on the north ramparts of the Tower of London. The symbol of French madness insulted the royal standard of Great Britain on a day which, al- though not allowed to celebrate, yet we could not help feeling ' as a proud one for this country.' The contriving and hoisting of this flag, was confessedly the work of a Merchant-Taylor, one too, in our 6th form. Your worships' school would wish to. for- get the name of Grose, but the fact is too glaring, and the insult too infamous, for his- tory to forget it. " On the very morning in which this circumstance was related to us, Hayward, his chief associate, was haranguing tho,se nearest to him in terms that made us shudder. An immediate impulse ' quasi divino qfflatu,' obliged us to avoid him. He continued his infamous insinuations with republican effrontery, and we hooted him out of the school. " In a few mornings afterwards he came again, accompanied by his father, and, as we understand, a Mr. Kid, both of whom had been imprisoned for treason. Fearful that they meant to insult our masters,, we waited to protect them. " Agitated as our minds were, lest the loyalty, honour, and dignity, of our school, should be implicated in the criminality of those two boys, is it wonderful that, at such a moment, we determined to shew a public detestation of their abominable principles by every token of innocent resentment? An appeal to our several masters will be a full testimony of our moderation. No personal. injury has been offered to any one. Every boy returned to his study with the same attentive submission as usual. Our irri- tation rose and disappeared with the objects of it. "We do not ask of you, gentlemen, however flattering it would be, any mark of approbation. We trust you will see our conduct as spirited without fury, firm without turbulence. We presume not to suggest how unpleasant it would be to have boys un- equivocally convicted of such crimes, reseated among us. We do not intrude upon you trie determined opinions of our respective friends on such an occasion/ We merely think it an indispensable obligation to lay this plain statement before, you, and to acknowledge ourselves your most obedient and grateful scholars, ' ' J '■ ' ' •' In behalf of the school, " Wm. Betton Champneys, head-monitor." 3x2 524 THE HISTORY OF these last being fully confirmed by the oral testimony of the mas- ters of the school, the commanding officer at the Tower, and several of the scholars in the sixth form, who desired to be heard,f the court declared their opinion, " that principles against the king and constitution, endeavoured by any scholar to be instilled into * " To the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants, of the Worshipful Company of Merchant-Taylors'. " Gentlemen, " We, the underwritten, anxious for the welfare of our children, (whose future hopes are founded on the prosperity of your venerable and respectable seminary) dreading the probability of their imbibing principles of disaffection to our established constitution, which we understand have been openly and daringly propagated among them by Richard Hayward and John Grose, whom we are assured you are or will be importuned to continue in your school, as we conceive, to its irreparable injury and dishonour. We do, therefore, earnestly request the members of your worshipful court to remove the said Richard Hayward' and John Grose from your school, whose criminal conduct has provoked the indignation of their associates now under your pro- tection. " As parents and guardians of these children and wards,, we wish their progress no less in good morals than in sound learning, and entreat you to concur with us in pre- serving their youthful minds from the contagion of those evil principles which at pre- sent they have the sense to reprobate, and will in future have the courage to repel. " With due respect to your candour and discernment, " We remain y~r obed"t servants,. tc C. P. T. Lichfield, D. D. ; Samuel Kettilby, D.D.; Tlios. Pearce, D. D. ; John Dodson, D.D. ; John Ellis; Wm. Pearce; John Frith, A. M. ; G. G. Stonestreet ;. John Hutchins ; John Stokes; 3.W. Strut; John Byng; T. L Rigby; Sam. Taylor; Thos. Cood ; Wm. Free; I. Symons, A.M.; G. Colman; Weldon Champneys, A.M.; Sam 1 . Spragg; Sam'.Winmill." f The three boys, who particularly distinguished themselves on this occasion, by. the abhorrence they expressed of the seditious principles which the offenders had endea- voured to propagate among them, were Henry Ellis, Stanley Stokes, and Henry Dilkes Byng, nephew of Lord ViscountTorrington : the first of whom is now keeper of the manu- scripts in the British Museum, to whom Itake this opportunity of returning my thanks for many attentions, both official and friendly"; the second a proctor, in Doctors* Com- mons ; and the last, a captain in the royal navy. merchant-Taylors' school. 525 youth educated in a school founded and supported at the sole ex- pense of the company, ought to be immediately discountenanced, and, (notwithstanding the Rev. Mr. Grose had written a letter de- siring to withdraw his son,) resolved unanimously, that Richard Hay- ward and John Grose should be expelled from the school." Three of the wardens present were desired to go out of court and ac- quaint Mr. Hay ward with their resolution. The thanks of the company were voted to the masters for their good conduct in the affair. And, before the court separated, it was ordered, that the boys should have a holida}% as a mark of approbation on the part of their patrons.* But a moire permanent proof of this was given on the 2d of March, when it was ordered that the 18th of January, the day on which the birth of her Majesty is usually celebrated, should, for the future, be kept as an holiday by the scholars of Merchant-Taylors', in memory of the loyalty they had shown on the late pocasion.-f- Qn the 11th of June, John Moore, minor canon of St. Paul's*, was associated with his old schoolfellow, Thomas Taylor, as one of the examiners, and William Betton Champneys and Henry Ellis were elected scholars of St. John's.+ .And, about this ; time, a general sentiment prevailing that the company, in reducing the number of holidays, had passed from one extreme to the other, Cherry was requested to lay before the court an amended plan, which he did on the 3d. of August; by which, as finally agreed upon, the following holidays were fixed, at Easter and Whitsun- tide, one week, and from the Thursday preceding; at St. Bartho- lomew Tide and Christmas, three weeks, and from the Thursday preceding ; one week from St. Barnabas's Day, and the remaining days of the two weeks in which the examinations of the school * See minutes of court, 5 Feb. 1796. t See minutes of court, 2 March, 1796. J See Register, of the School's Probation, voL vi; 526 THE HISTORY OF shall happen, together with the feast of St. John Baptist, ithe King's Birth-Day, the Queen's Birth-Day, Sir Thomas White's Day, the 5th of November, Lord-Mayor's Day, and; eight whole days, divisible at the masters option into half days, besides the afternoon of every Saturday, and the remaining hours of every Wednesday after three o'clock, throughout the year.* On St. Barnabas's Day, 1797, the election fell on Edward Warn- ford, and two vacancies happening shortly after, Thomas Snell and George Shute were admitted at St. John's by a post-elec- tion.-f Towards the end of the year, memorable to all posterity by an ebullition of loyalty, rendered necessary; by thej previous insolence of a Jacobinical faction, the merchants, bankers, traders* and. other inhabitants of the metropolis, began to raise a voluntary contribu- tion for the service of their country. An example which was' fol- lowed by every class of his Majesty's subjects throughout his widely-extended empire. The youth under education at our pub- lick schools, by subscribing the money allowed them by. their friends, proved to the world how generous is that patriotism which is inculcated in those venerable seminaries. And, among them, the boys of 'Merchant-Taylors', with a feeling worthy /; the sons of English clergymen and English merchants^ of whioli description they principally consist, presented an oifering of a hundred gui- neas in aid of the contribution, for which tbeyi received, on the 21st of February, 1798, a letter of applause from the committee at the * The above-mentioned, with the addition of Kin*' Charles's martyrdom, Ash-Wed- nesday,Ascension Day, King Charles the Second's Restoration, and occasional East atjd Thanksgiving Days, enjoined by the paramount authorities in church and state, are the only holidays taken at Merchant-Taylors'. But of late years, the attendance in the afternoon has, by order of court, ended at four o'clock, without any exception of Wednesday. — Compare minutes of court, 8 December, 1795, 3 August, 1796, and 27 April, 1809. t See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. MERCHANT-TAYLOfi,S , SCHOOL. 527 Mansion House,* and the still more gratifying approbation of their own minds. Meanwhile proceedings had been going on in chancery respect- ing the scholarships and fellowships directed by Andrew to be founded in Trinity Hall for the benefit of the school, and the Chan- cellor had pronounced a decreei, whereby his lordship declared his opinion, that the master and fellows of that hall were not bound to take upon them the trust. But the company being informed by their solicitor, that the counsel whom they had employed to conduct the cause, were much dissatisfied with the decree, and were of opinion, that if an appeal was made to the House of Lords it would be reversed, directed an appeal to be brought forth- with ,-f In 1798, the election fell on Thomas Clare4 and, in 1799, on Henry Syriioris.§ In the beginning of 1800, the chapel was re- * The acknowledgment transmitted from the committee to the boys was inclosed ra (be following letter from theJr secretary to Mr. Cherry : — " Sir, ■ ■•'' " I. aim directed by the cordmittee of merchants, bankers, traders, and other inhabitants of this metropolisy to request yon to tratrenVrt to ydiif-scholars the inclosed acknowledgement of their liberal contribution of-one hundred guineas for the defence of their country. " The committee rely upon- your better judgement to determine, whether on so memorable an instance of patfriotis'm, those promis-ing young men should not be al- lowed some early day to celebrate an act which will redound to the lasting honour of your learned seminary. " I am, with great respect, " Mansion-House> , " Sir, Feb. 21, 17.98." " Your most obedient servant, " Sam. Eohd, Secretary." " To the Reverend Mr. Cherry, Head Master of Merchant-Taylors' School/' t See minutes of committee, 18 April, 1793. + See Register of the School's Probation; vol. vi.. | See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. $28 THE HISTORY OF paired, and the picture Of Sir Thomas White cleaned, in pursuance of directions given at a court on the 17th of December previous, when, among other orders, it was resolved that the sum of ten gui- neas per annum should be allowed for supplying the library swith books, the. master of the school rendering an account of the pro- gress made therein at the first court in December in every year;* which/instance of revived liberality"}- to their long neglected library was duly commemorated by an inscription over the door opening into the chapel.^ In the course of the spring, Alderman Boydeli presented the company with a set of engravings for, the ornament ■;3qqi. ■■ '■■ ! . -- * " A motion being made and seconded, that the chapel at Merchant-Taylors' school be repaired, and that the picture be repaired and beautified ; that thei library bejepaired, and the books therein cleaned and repaired, .and, 'proper chairs placed in the same; that the examiners, be paid two guineas each for their several attendances ; that the sum of ten guineas T>e allowed annually^ during the pleasure of the court, to the master of the school for supplying the books wanting in the library, he rendering an account of the progress made therein, at the :first court in December, in every year, and that the first payment be made directly. And the question being put, was carried unanimously in the affirmative."— See, minutes of court, 17 December, 1799. vr. " f It is much to be regretted, that the orders made in the 17th century, ^especially that of 20 June, 1666, page 345, note), with a view to providing a regular aece&sipflspf books to the library, were suffered to grow into disuse, as parcels of ibooks, purchased at the rate of only £4 every year since the fire of London, would now of themselves, ex- clusive of legacies and benefactions, have formed no inconsiderable collection. t HANGCE BIBLIOTHECAM, > Venerabilis. Mercatorum Scissorum Societatis Prjefectus, Curatores, et Assessores, Sumptibus suis ornatam, Novisque Librorum Subsidiis auctam, Esse voluerunt. " £ ^' ' iS -' hi D~no. JOANNE HOUNSOM, Prafecto. r JOANNE LEOPARD, \' . ■| )ABRAHAMO R. CLOUDER,/ ,ft )GUL° HAYWARD, >Cwratoribus. ( GUL° THOMPSON, ) A. B. MDCCC. merchant-Taylors' school. 52£ of their school,* the subjects of which rendered them not unsuit- able embellishments to the chapel, where they remain a monu- ment of that respectable citizen's endeavour to inspire youth with a love of religion and virtue. And, on the llth of June, William Dodson was elected a scholar of St. John's, f In 1801, the election fell on Henry Payne and John Crosby Clarke,;]: and, in 1802, on Thomas Wynter Mead, William Cokayne Frith, and (in consequence of a vacancy between St. Barnabas' Day, and the Monday after the feast of St. John Baptist) Francis Joseph Faithful.§ Meanwhile an unfavourable circumstance occurred at St. John's, Cambridge. At the election of fellows at that college in April, 1802, Henry Bishop, who had been educated at Merchant-Taylors', conceiving himself to be a fit person, offered himself as a can- didate for Bishop Dee's fellowship. But the master and seniors thinking proper to elect to it one Robert Remmett, who was neither of Merchant-Taylors' nor Peterborough school, the two seminaries which the founder mentioned in his will, Bishop pro- tested against the election as illegal, and appealed to the Bishop of Ely, as visitor of the college, urging that it must have been Dee's intention to benefit those schools, since even his kin cannot succeed without the qualification of a regular education at one of them, and that therefore upon the failure of the kin, a scholar from either of the schools was entitled in preference to any other * " The master having informed this court, that Mr. AlcTn Boydell had presented to this company several valuable prints and engravings for the ornament of Merchant- Taylors' school, a motion was made and seconded, that the thanks of this court be given to Mr. AWn Boydell for his said present. And the question being put was carried unanimously in the affirmative, and ordered that the clerk do transmit the same to him accordingly." — See minutes of' court, £ May, 1800. f See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. % See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi, § See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. 3 Y 530 . THE HISTORY OF stranger; and, it is not to be denied, that his case was very much •strengthened by the fact that none of the bishop's kin had ever .claimed the fellowship, which nevertheless had, in thirteen out of fifteen instances, been given to. Merchant-Taylors' or Peterborough men. But the college, supported by the opinion of Sir William fjcott, contended that the bishop's intention was merely to benefit his own family, and that the qualification required as to the places of their education was nothing more than a limitation of that inten- tion, and not such a benefaction to the schools, as could entitle persons, to be elected from them if they had no connection with the family of the founder; adding, that the practice, being defi- cient in its original foundation, could not convey a right which was not sanctioned by the strict or legal construction of the will. And, towards the end of the year, the visitor determining, in favour of the college, that the appellant had not brought himself within the description of persons to whom a preferable right was given by the founder, Remmett was established in the fellowship to which he had been elected, and the scholars of Merchant-Taylors* given to understand, that to lay any valid claim to Bishop Dee's fellowship they must be of his name or kin.* More fortunate was the conclusion of the contest respecting Andrew's benefaction. The decree in chancery in favour of Tri-r nity Hall, had been affirmed in the House of Peers. But there was still a question between the company and the heir-at-law, when the latter making advances towards a compromise, several meetings took place between the master and wardens, Mr. An- drew, and their respective solicitors. At last, it was agreed, that * To assist them in this, it is my intention to subjoin to thi^ work a genealogical account of some of the families derived from the great Bedo.Dee, all whose descen- dants, if educated at Merchant-Taylors' or Peterborough school, are Entitled to the fellowship at St. John's College, Cambridge, by virtue of their consanguinity to Bishop Dee, the founder of it. MERCHANtf-f AYtlORS* SCHOOL. 531 the sum of =£2610 cash, with interest for the same at 5 per cent, per annum, and also the sum of £2666: 13 : 4 3 per cent, consols, should be allotted out of the funds in the cause for the purpose of establishing six civil law scholarships or exhibitions, in some man- ner as near as might be to the intention of the testator, as expressed in his will, and that the residue of the funds, after deducting all costs, should be transferred to Mr. Andrew. A proposal was then laid before the president and scholars of St. John's, Oxford, for the establishment of the scholarships at their college,* which, after * "Proposals for the establishment of six civil law scholarships or exhibitions in the college of St. John Baptist, Oxford, from Merchant-Taylors' school, London.— That the sum of «£26l0, cash, with interest at 5 per cent, and ,£2666: 13:4, 3 per cent, consol. Bank annuities, to be allotted out of the funds standing in thte Bank in the name of the accountant-general, in trust in the cause to remain in the name of the ac- countant-general, and the interest and dividends to be paid to the said master and wardens of the Merchant-Taylors' for the time being, of the fraternity of St. John Baptist, in the city of London, for establishing six scholarships or exhibitions of the said college, as soon as the said funds and accumulating interest will admit ; and that such number of the said six scholarships or exhibitions be in the mean time established at .£50 per annum each, as the said master and wardens of the said company shall think proper. " Such scholars or exhibitioners to be elected on the feast of St. Barnabas by the said master and wardens, by the consent of the assistants then present, and the assent and consent of the president, or in his absence, the vice-president and two senior fellows of the said college, in the chapel of the grammar-school belonging to the said master and wardens in the parish of St. Lawrence Poultney, London; immediately after the elec- tion is had and made of the scholars directed by Sir Thomas White, Knt, dec~d, formerly one of the assistants of the said fraternity, to be elected from the said Mer- chant-Taylors' school, and admitted into the said college of St. John Baptist, at Ox- ford ; and such scholars or exhibitioners to be taken out of the bench or table of the said Merchant-Taylors' school, who have been scholars of the said Merchant-Taylors' school four years at least, or from such other persons who have been at the bench or table and in the school for four years, but have left the said school not under 16 or above 20 years of age at the time of election, and to continue 12 years and not longer, and to be accounted civil law scholars, or civil law exhibitioners. " To remain unmarried, and to reside in the college for the same time in every term as the commoners of the said college are required to reside, and to proceed regularly 3 y'2 532 THE BISTORT 0# it>had undergone some very judicious alterations and amendments,* being approved of, all parties agreed to execute a deed of covenants to their law degrees, and that after the first four years during the remainder of the term for which they hold their scholarships, they shall reside at least 30 days in every year. " The scholars to be provided with residence within the college for the first four years, they paying for their rooms the same rent which other commoners do, and to observe all the rules of the college, and the scholarships to become vacant in case of any scholar entering into holy orders, marrying, or entering into any employment incompatible with the practise of the civil law, or by resignation of such scholars, or expulsion by the college, or by quitting the said college on any other account ; — on a vacancy to a scholarship, to certify the vacancy to the said master and wardens. " In case of a vacancy of a scholar not exceeding six months, the pension to go to the immediate succeeding scholar; and, if longer than six months, to constitute a part of the accumulating fund after-mentioned. " The president, vice-president, and bursar, of the college, to draw upon the masters and wardens of the Merchant-Taylors' Company for the respective pensions when due, such draft to be accompanied with a certificate of the good behaviour of the scholar or exhibitioner, and of his having paid all college dues. " Untill all the scholars or exhibitioners are elected, the interest of the funds, or such part thereof as shall not be applied to paying the pensions, to be an accumulating fund, to be disposed of by the company as they shall think proper, for the benefit of the said scholars. *' And, in case any ambiguity or contention shall arise about the nomination or elec- tion of the aforesaid six scholars or exhibitioners, the same shall be referred to the judge or judges appointed in the statute of visitations of the said college, for determi- nation, and his or thejr judgements to stand and be final." * In the preceding note I have given the proposal in its amended form, as inserted in the deed executed On the 6th of February, 1801, and as acted upon at every election on Andrew's foundation > hut as the great propriety of some points in it may not be ob- vious to every one, I beg to add a letter from the president of the college to the master of the company on the original proposal, as the best commentary on the form in which it was ultimately ratified, and a lasting proof both of the deliberation with which the business was conducted, and of the cordial co-operation of both, societies for the bene- fit of a school so dear to each of them : — " St. John's Coll. July 1, 1800. " Dear Sir, " I yesterday laid before the college your proposals ; and il was the opinion of the society,, as well as myself that your establishment would be improved by the follow- MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 533 for compromising the suit, which was accordingly done on the 6th of February, 1801. By that agreement it was settled, among other ing trifling alterations: — In the second Clause, instead of the words ' at the same timem the election is made,' we would put ' immediately after the election is had and made.' En the same clause we would leave out the words 'founded and endowed by him,' and only insert ' in Oxford:' and also instead of ' to continue 1 1 years and not longer,' on consi- deration we think •' 12 years and not longer' should be inserted, and our reason is, that the doctor of laws degree cannot be taken in any way sooner than 1 1 years, and before a person can practise in the commons he must pass one year of silence, as it h called, and receive no emolument, but on the contrary is at considerable expense, and because the most regular way of taking the law degree thro' the line of arts requires 12 years. Afterwards after the words ' to reside in college,' we would put instead of the remainder of the clause ' for the same time in every term as the commoners of the said college are required to reside, and to proceed regularly to their law degrees, and that after the first four years, during the remainder of the term for which they hold their scholar- ship*, they shall reside at least 30 days in every year.' Our reason for this alteration is., that during the first four years we wish to ensure their attendance upon lectures, &c. at the same time with the rest of our independant members, of whom we require a resi- dence nearly as long as that of 180 days, but we think they cannot gain so much advantage, unless they are all there together. After the first four years the statutes of the university ensure a sufficient residence, as they cannot proceed to their degrees re- gularly without keeping a ceitain number of terms, and when they have taken the degree of bachelor of laws or master of arts at 7 years standing, we think 30 days resi- dence sufficient, as they will then have done with exercises and lectures in college, and. be pursuing fcheiB studies for themselves ; this they can do as well in. one place as in ano- ther if they are in possession of books, if not, they may, if they please, be in Oxford beyond their limitted residence. The next clause we would begin in the following way, * The scholars to be provided with residence within the college for the first four years, they paying for their moms the same rent which other commoners do.' Our reason is, that it would be impossible to find them apartments, unless at 4 years standing they were permitted as all our independant members are, and as is the case in all other col- leges, to lodge out of college after the first four years. At the end of the same clause, after ' expulsion by the college,' insert ' or by quitting the said college on any other occasion.' We think this necessary, that they may not retain their, scholarships, if they gain preferment in any other society. In the last clause but two, after ' certificate of the good behaviour of the scholar; we would add, ' and of his having paid all college dues.' This is necessary, because it will prevent our requiring them to pay caution- money at entrance, which all our commoners deposit as a security that they will pay; 534 THE HISTORY OF points, that the scholars should be elected on St. Barnabas's Day out of the bench or table, and that they should be entitled to fifty pounds each for twelve years, on condition of remaining unmarried, proceeding* regularly in law, and not entering into any employ- ment incompatible with the practice of the civil law. But this arrangement not being confirmed by the master of the rolls till the 21st of June, 1802, it could not be acted upon till St. Barnabas's Day, 1803, when the company filled up the first of the civil law scholarships or exhibitions founded by Dr. Andrew.* There was their.chjes : their scholarships will then act as our security. In the next clause, instead of specifying building rooms or any particular purpose, we think it will be sufficients, after the words ' by the company, , to put ' as they shall think proper for the benefit r of the said scholars;' that will neither require nor exclude the purpose of building rooms. With these alterations we shall not object to the draft going into the hands of a master in chancery who will put it in form to obtain legal effect. Any information I can give while it is in his hands, and any assistance in this business, you may command. "1 am, dear sir, " With great respect, y r obed' humble serv'. " M. Marlow." * The election, to Dr. Andrew's scholarships is conducted in the same way, as that to Sir Thomas White's fellowships. After reading the act of 31 Eliz. cap. vi. against abuses in elections, and three paragraphs out of the proposals for founding the scholar- ships mentioned in the agreement made between Mr. Andrew, the company, and the college, inquiry is made of the master of the school as to the qualifications of the candidates. This being done, the certificates of their ages are produced, and all the candidates are put up alphabetically. The person having most votes is declared elected, but if there are more than one scholarship to be filled up, the same method is repeated, till. all the vacancies are supplied. The elected are then called in, when a certificate of the election is signed by the president and two senior fellows, and the master and two wardens, and at least ten assistants, in the form following. " St. Barnabas's Day, 3 803. "Be it, remembred, that this day, by the master and wardens of the Merchant- Taylors of- the fraternity of St. John Baptist, in the city of London, with the consent of the assistants of the said company, together with the assent and consent of the president and two senior fellows of St. John Baptist College, in the university' Of Oxford, whose- names are hereunto .subscribed, was elected to one of the civil law scholarships or exhibitions founded by John Andrew, Doctor of Laws, Thomas Wei- MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 535 no vacancy on Sir Thomas White's foundation that year. But, in 1804, Jesse Addams, James Harris, Edward Hampson, and John Roberson, were elected scholars of St. John's;* the last of whom suc- ceeded very unexpectedly in the room of William Warren Porter, who, on the 14th of June, was suddenly snatched away by death, at a time of life when his talents, which had been improved by severe study both at school and at college, were fitted for much useful exertion in the service of mankind. In genius and taste he was superior to most : in piety and moral rectitude, he was sur- passed by none. And, though this is not the place for entering at large into the merits of the many worthy characters who have been educated at Merchant-Taylors',f those who esteem the me- mory of Porter, as I do, will pardon the digression of a school- fellow and a friend, in whom it would have been a fault to men- ton, he having been of the grammar school of the said company of Merchant-Taylors' 4 years, of the table, and now more than 16 and under 20 years of age, as required by the proposals mentioned in a certain agreement bearing date the 6th day of February, 1801, made between Thomas Harrison Andrew, Esq. the legal representative of the said Doctor Andrew, the above named master and wardens, and the president and scholars of the said college, since ratified and confirmed by a decree of the. court of chancery. A. B. Master. " We, the president and two senior ^' ^' \l¥ A fellows approve and confirm this E. F. J election. G. H. M. M. Preset. I. K. N. O. L. M. &c." P. Q. * See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. f Having already stated it to be my plan to reserve for the second part of this his- tory all biographical notices of those, who have done particular credit to the school, I may be allowed to say, that due attention will continue to be paid to communications of that nature, while the remainder of the work is going through the press, and should any of importance be forwarded to me beyond those already received, I shall not regret the delay, which, postpones, for a few months, the publication of the second partr 536 THE HISTORY OP tion his name, however incidentally, without, at the same time, feeling a melancholy satisfaction in recording his virtues. On the 1st of February, 1805, a committee was appointed to consider of the propriety of augmenting the emoluments of the schoo,l, a measure which was rendered highly necessary by the alteration which had taken place in the value of money since the reign of Elizabeth, from which time, though the salaries had been frequently raised, the quarterage had remained nearly the same. On the 14th of that month, the committee drew up a report, recommending a further addition to the salaries at the expense of the company, and a raising of the quarterage and breaking-up money paid by the scholars. And, on the 9th of April, this re- port, so honourable to the liberal-minded men who framed it, was confirmed, by which a more suitable compensation was made to the several teachers in the school for the attention and assiduity required of them.* In June that year, the election fell on Wil- liam Camplin and Samuel Arnott.f In 1806, Joseph Carter, Philip Bliss, and Thomas Woodrooffe, were elected scholars of St. John's.;}; And, in 1807, the same promotion was bestowed on Edward Buckle. § * See minutes of court, 1 February; of committee, 14 February; and of court, 9 April, 1805. — The entrance is now twenty shillings, the quarterage ten shillings, and the breaking-up money twelve shillings at Easter, Whitsun-tide, Bartholomew- tide, and Christmas. Besides which, each boy pays one shilling at each probation for a book, in which he writes his exercises for the inspection of the examiners, one » shilling in the winter for candles, and five shillings on being removed from one form to another. And these are all the expenses (exclusive of board, books, &c. which depend on circumstances) at present attending an education at Merchant-Taylors', to partake of which, and of the contingent advantages arising from the foundations of Sir Thomas White and others at the universities, two hundred and fifty boys have now for more than two hundred and fifty years been invited to partake through the muni- ficence of the Merchant-Taylors' Company. f See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. % See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. ^ See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. MERCIIAKT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 53? But though the scholarships founded by Sir Thomas White are the preferments to which the boys of Merchant-Taylors' principally aspire, the exhibitions established by subsequent benefactors, both at 'Oxford and Cambridge, are sufficiently numerous and respectable to afford rewards to the diligent, but unfortunate, young men who miss their election to St. John's. Of which abun- dance of provision for the superannuated, there cannot be a clearer proof than the oblivion into which a considerable sum of money had fallen, which had formerly accumulated from the collections at the school-feasts. And it is more than probable that even the portion, which has been already recovered,* would never have been brought to light after the lapse of nearly forty years, if the head master had not been assisted in his anxious searches after it by the Recorder of London, who, as the reader may recollect,, was once a boy of the school, of which he is now a zealous and indefatigable patron. Fortunately for the superannuated scholars of the present and future times, it was within the recollection of these boys of for- mer days, that, about the middle of the last century, the prin- cipal sum of two hundred pounds stoek was purchased in the three per cent, annuities, of the year 1726, in the names of Wil- liam Macham, of Hatton-Garden, Doctor of Laws, Edward Rowe Mores, of Doctors 5 Commons, Esquire, and the Reverend Thomas Jones, of St. Saviour's, Southwark, Clerk, who had all been edu- cated at the school, in trust for the superannuated" boys. Of these trustees Macham was the survivor, and he likewise had been dead many years. But no sooner was Lord Charles Fitzroy, who was # a The portion, Which has not been recovered, is that which was left in the hands of private person, who unfortunately died before it was vested in any publick security: should this page ever fall in the way of his son, it is much to be wished that he would, shorten the labours of the friends of the school, by searching among his family paper* for the particulars of the account. 3 Z 338 THE HISTORY OF Macham's legal representative, informed that be was entitled in trust to the said stock, and all dividends remaining due upon it, than his Lordship gave every facility in his power to the transfer of it into the names of " John Silvester, Esquire, Recorder of the City of London, the Reverend Michael Marlow, President of Saint John's College in the university of Oxford, Doctor in Divi- nity, and the Reverend Thomas Cherry, Bachelor in Divinity, Head Master of Merchant-Taylors' School," and augmented this benevolent fund with a donation of twenty pounds, the amount of some unclaimed dividends, which, in searching the books at the Bank, were discovered to belong to him. But, before the transfer of the stock, thus increased to five hundred pounds, it was agreed that Silvester, Marlow, and Cherry, should execute a declaration of trust as to the purpose for which it was transferred, and that there should be inserted in it a power for keeping up the same number of trustees, and of adding to the original stock any other monies that might, from time to time, be. received by them for the benefit of superannuated boys, both principal and interest being wholly at the disposal of the trustees. And, as soon as a business of this complicated nature could be arranged, a deed to the above effect was drawn and executed.* In June, 1808, Charles Mayo, bachelor in divinity, formerly fellow of St. John's, succeeded the late Dr. Taylor as one of the * By v the provisions of the deed, it is prescribed that one of the trustees shall be • .gentleman at the bar, educated at the school, and that in choosing the others a due preference shall be given to the president of St. John's and the headmaster of Mer- chant- Taylors', if Merchant-Taylors by education. See " declaration of trust as to monies invested and to be invested for the benefit of superannuated boys educated at Mer- chant-Taylors' School," dated 6th March, 1809, and executed by all the parties 5 one copy of which deed is deposited in St. JohVs College, Oxford,, and another iti the library of Merchant-Taylors' School.— By funding the dividends, and with the assistance of ^7 : 18 : 5, advanced by Mr. Cherry,, the acting CUSTODIBUS. JOHANNE LEOPARD, ) Thoma Cherry, S. T. B. Archididascalo. t His Royal Highness Adolpbus Frederick, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Tipperary, and Baron of Culloden, Chancellor of the University of St. Andrew. $ To whom his Royal Highness the Prince Regent has since been pleased to grant the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.— See the London Gazette, 3 Nov. 1812. V It is remarkable that, as the ancestors of the House of Brunswick opposed the entrance of the Goths into Italy and employed their arms to prevent the fall of the Western Empire, the august representative of that princely family, under wbose government we have the happiness to live, has withstood the Dresent tyrant of man- MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 541 graced his Royal Highness's demeanour on that highly favoured morning. Of the other distinguished personages who were present, Sir John Thomas Duckworth* and Sir John Stuartf principally attracted the notice of the boys, who, accustomed, in the course of their education, to read with admiration of the heroes of Greece and Rome, could not restrain their enthusiasm, when they saw seated among them two of the bravest and most successful champions of their own country. The publick exercises being concluded,.]: the court, attended by kind in such a manner as has drawn to himself the admiration, approbation, and grati- tude of the civilized world, preserved by him, his counsels, and his arms, from a return of slavery, ignorance, and barbarism. * Knight of the Bath and Admiral of the Blue. f Knight of the Bath' and the Crescent, Count of Maida, and Lieutenant-Governor of Grenada. J The Subjects and Order of the Orations: IMPRIMIS. Orationes Gratulatoriae duae, Quarum altera Latine habeijda 7 f Francisco Hawkins. > Perorante < Greece altera S I Carolo Siocker. Sequitur Orationum Senarius, quarum Argumenta singula exhibentur in hunc Ordinem; Melius nil Cjelibe Vita . . . Carm. Her. . . ~\ t" Hgnrico Sidebottom Pejus nil Cjelibe Vita .... Carm. Her. ■ • / u 1 Roberto Knight. Psalmos v I I / Jacobo Jowet't. Vitje me redde priori Dec. Lat. . . . /| J Mauritio Lloyd. Vitje ne redde priori Dec. Lat. . . . 1 I Ricardo Povah. Fortitude . . . Ode Angl J V. Gulielmo Davies. Subjects for the Epigrams : Common-bat rarior Usus. Spem pascit inanem. 542 THE HISTORY OF the president and senior fellows of St. John's, and the two exa* miners appointed by the company, retired into the chapel, accord* From the extempore verses delivered by the monitors on the latter subject, 1 sub- join the 1 following, as expressive of the loyalty of their authors : — When visitant of Britain's royal race, Descends thes*e academic scenes to grace ; The Muse, tho' mute before, is instant fir'd, And soars aloft by such a theme inspir'd — In vain she tries her feelings to rehearse, And moans the trammels of too feeble verse ; The utmost effort of her lay would prove The mark, but not the measure, of her love. In life's vain scene, how oft by Hope betray'd, We doat on fairy visions, soon to fade ! On this lov'd spot has many a Muse of yore Breath'd the first lessons of her whisper'd lore. Here, Clive's young fancy caught ambition's flame, And mitred Andrewes sigh'd for virtuous fame ; Hence Juxon, Boulter, Dawes, whose forms ye view,* Religion's champions firm, their precepts drew. Tho' Learning now her loftier porch may rear, No scorn, plain dome, thy modest Worth shall fear ; Tho* now thy sons unUotic'd pass away, Nor flaunt their honours in the blaze of day. si * Alluding to proof impressions of the embellishments for this work, which had been that morning presented to the school, iriclosed in a frame, with this inscription on a tablet affixed to it. EFFIGIES QUAS CERNIS ILLUSTRIUM VIRORUM, QUI, HUJUSCE SCHOL.E OLIM ALUMNI, AD SUMMOS IN ECCLESIA HONORES EVECTI SUNT OB OCULOS JUVENUM, QUO ALACRIUS IN STUDIA LITERARUM INCUMBANT, VERSARI VOLUIT H. B. WILSON, S. T. B. A. S. MDCCCXI1. MERCHART-TAYLOKS SCHOOL. 543 ing to ancient practise, on the business of the election, when, after the usual ceremonies, and inquiries as to the ages and qualifications of the head, scholars, * Francis: Hawkins and Charles William Stocker were chosen scholars on Sir Thomas White's foundation.-f- And then the party, comprising in itself no little of courtly elegance, academick learning, and civick opulence, proceeded to the hall, where they were joined by his Royal High- ness the Duke of Sussex,.]; who, with the courteousness of manners peculiar to the first family in the country, was pleased to lament that publick duties of an imperious 'nature had prevented Mm Yet, Hope still cheers. Lo ! This auspicious hour Leads on to Learning's seat the pomp of power ; Lo ! Patrons here with civic trophies crown'd, The mace, the sword, with olive chaplets bound ! Walls, that with more than ancient splendor shine, Grac'd with a Prince of Brunswick's royal line! The friend of science in her humblest state, And stampt by condescension truly great ; Who here with smiles our classic toil approves, And fosters and adorns the arts he. loves. NAMES and ORDER OF THE HEAD SCHOLARS. Francis Hawkins . . . Charles W. Stocker. , Henry'F. Sideboltom llobeit K. Knight. ... James F. Jowett. . . Maurice H. Lloyd. . Richard W. Povah . William L. Davies. . Nativity. Year Month. 1794 July 1793 July 1794 Oct. 1793 Dec. \795Jug. 1794, May 1798 1795 Dec. 30 6 15 3 10 8 13 14 Admission. Year , Month. July 1 April 27 806 Jan. 27 1805 1803 1 1801 1804 1 1806 1804 806 Ji Jan. Oct. r uly 14 30 4 Sept. 15 Jan. 17 Continuauce in the Head Form- Years Months 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 + See Register of the School's Probation, vol. vi. { His Royal Highness Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, Earl of Inverness, an« Baron of Arklow. 544 THE HISTORY, &C. from attending the school in the former part of the day. With them Baron Graham, Lord Paulet, and a considerable number of the first characters in town sat down to a splendid entertainment. Nor was it till a late hour that the company separated, full of ve- neration for the immortal memories of those worthy citizens, who originally founded the school, and of respect for their not less worthy successors, who, through a period of two hundred and fifty-one years, have maintained it at their expense, till now the history of its rise and progress endeavours with a kind of filial piety to acknowledge the obligations which it never can repay. END OF THE FIRST PART. THE HISTORY OF MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL, PART II. CHAPTER I. Of its principal Scholars, from the Time of its Foundation to 4he Death of Elizabeth, containing the Space of Forty-Two Years. ItIUCH of the useful learning which has so Remarkably en- lightened the middle ranks of the English nation, and rendered us a wise and an understanding people, has proceeded from the publick schools established in different parts of the empire. It is in those truly respectable nurseries of literature that education has effected its most generous and valuable purposes. The idea, which would otherwise have been confined by sordid habits, has been expanded. Genius, which would otherwise have been hidden from itself and from the world, has been, called forth to the honour of human nature. . The general manners, which would otherwise have been rude and unpolished, have been rendered easy, courteous, and polite. To those seminaries, however, which are connected with the universities, England is under particular obligations. In them 4 a 546 THE HISTORY OF have been trained the professors of every liberal science that can serve, dignify, or adorn, mankind. And to them will an enlight- ened publick never cease to look up with affection and gratitude, as to the sources of every sterling principle that enters into the composition of the British character. If we inquire from what quarters the commonwealth has been furnished with men of abili- ties to fill the great offices of state, he mu&t have been an inatten- tive observer, who should refer us any where but to those founda- tions, on which enlarged sentiments and notions are acquired from a system of education intimately conversant with ancient learning. And if, in like manner, we ask whence our established church has been supplied with a regular andi sufficient succession of qualified teachers for the ordinary work of the ministry, and of able cham- pions of the truth at every conjuncture of controversy and dissen- tion, we can be sent only to those schools, at which a plan of instruction is pursued at once classical and Christian, a discipline calculated to produce learning free from scepticism, and belief un tinctured with enthusiasm. How far Merchant-Taylors' school has borne her part in dis- charging the illustrious duty of subserving the general weal, is the branch of research on which I am now entering ; and that, in the confident expectation of securing to her no inconsiderable share of veneration and esteem. She does not, indeed, affect to enroll among her scholars many of the mighty or the noble. Her wor- thies have not been distinguished for hereditary rank, though in many instances the foundations of greatness have been laid within her walls. Nor has it often fallen to the lot of her youth to fight the battles of their country, though, when occasion has offered, they have shown themselves not deficient in patriotism and valour. But wherever the higher walks of commerce invite the British merchant to honourable enterprise, her sons are to be seen the foremost in pursuits, to which the British empire is indebted for ks opulence and grandeur. The healing art recognizes some of MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 547 them among her ablest and most successful practitioners. Law, the guardian of the constitution, and the preserver of every man's reasonable rights and liberties, welcomes in them the most upright and assiduous of her administrators. But, above all, does the church rely on the fidelity of such of them as have devoted them- selves to the service of her altars, no inconsiderable proportion of the officiating clergy in the metropolis having, been educated undet the modest dome of Merchant-Taylors'. The epoch, at which this school was established, was one of the most critical and remarkable in the whole compass of English history. Within three years there had been two religions on foot, the professors of which mutually wished to exclude each other. Some, who could not take the oath of supremacy, suffered them- selves to be ejected from their preferments. Others were content to conform rather than be deprived of the^r means of subsistence. And many retired from publick situations, without declaring their sentiments, till they could see what turn affairs would take. These effects, produced by Elizabeth's accession, were n6 where so visible as in the universities. Many of the gownsmen crossed the seas father than hazard a repetition of the inconve- niences they had endured from the changes of religion in the short reigns of Edward VI. and Queen Mary.* And those who stopped were treated with every mark of contempt by the townspeople both of Oxford and Cambridge, who thought the reformation would be incomplete, if it did not abridge the privileges and lessen the consequence of their respective universities. The consequence of this was, that exercises were seldom performed, and few de- grees taken. In 1560, there were none in divinity, and but one in * " England may be said to have been in convulsions from the death of Henry VIII. A faint gleam of hope, which had dawned during the short reign of Edward VI. was so completely overclouded by his bloody, bigotted, sister, that scarce a ray of better times remained."— Preface to Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, vol. i, p. v. 4 A 2 S48 TII£ HISTORY OP civil Jaw, three in physick, and eight in arts. In the following year, there was not one in divinity, or law, or physick. And in 1562, the students were reduced, by the want of exhibitions, to ob- tain licences, empowering them to receive the alms and benevo- lence of well-disposed Christians.* While the Romanists struggled hard to gain an ascendancy in the church, there were not wanting fanatical protestants, who were for throwing the ecclesiastical polity into a new form. The one levelled their attack at the doctrines of the reformed church, the other more particularly at her discipline. The one contended that it was not contrary to the word of God or the custom of antiquity to officiate and administer the sacraments in a language un- known to the people ; denied the authority of every church to appoint, change, or set aside ceremonies and ecclesiastical rites ; affirmed, that, in the mass, there was offered a propitiatory sacrifice for the living and the dead ; and asserted that a supreme power over the church was given to the apostle St. Peter and his successors in the apostolick see, as representatives of our Saviour. The other party, agreeing with the church of England in opposition to these points, differed from her on others, some of which were scarcely of less essential consequence. They held that ministers ought not to be ordained by the sole authority of the bishop, and that the people's choice of their pastors was fun- damental to their calling ; that the ceremonies of the established church were antichristian; that it was against reason to enjoin the people to bow at the name of Jesus ; that sitting at the holy com- munion was as defensible a posture as kneeling; that to make use of the sign of the cross in baptism was superstitious ; and that the observance of feasts and fasts was unlawful.-}- But though the church was thus assailed by two such opposite enemies, it was not in a more precarious condition than was the * Wood's Annals, by Gutch, v. ii. pp.' 143— 148. t Collier's Ecclesiastical History, v. ii. p. 414, &c. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 549 civil government of the country. The Papists thought that they might, with a safe conscience, assist in dethroning the Queen whenever an opportunity offered. And this opportunity, they hoped, would one day be given them by the assistance of foreign Princes in communion with the Church of Rome. Francis II, and Mary, King and Queen of France and Scotland, had' usurped the arms of England. Philip II. of Spain was anxious to embroil England in a war with France, that he might be left at leisure to pursue his projects in the low countries. The Pope, enraged at his authority being banished from this island, was ready to ab- solve its inhabitants from their allegiance to Elizabeth.. And the Irish, fierce and arrogant, averse from English connections, and blindly attached to the Papal interests, were too well disposed to listen to the solicitations of Romish emissaries, and break out in open rebellion : — A state of affairs, which left the friends of the. old religion a sufficient ground of hope, that in a few years a Romish Prince might be placed on the throne, and obliged Eliz- abeth to call forth all the talents for government with which she was blessed, in fomenting dissentions among her enemies abroad, and carefully watching her own subjects at home.* As for the bulk of the people, they were but just emerging from a state of bfrbarism, — the dupes of astrologers and alchymists. While the former pretended to foretel future events from the situ- ation and various aspects of the heavenly bodies, and succeeded in deceiving numbers by their fallacious art; the latter affected to change the substance of metals, or extract medicines from them that should not only cure the most inveterate disorders, but pro- long the life of man to the age of Methuselah. And therefore, nnder these circumstances, it is no wonder that the ignorant paid attention to every superstitious tale and fabulous story, and led an uneasy life, always disturbed in mind, and dreading wha * Rapin's History of England, Edit. 1733, fol. vol. ii. p. 58. 550 THE HISTORY OP might happen, firmly believing that there existed a philosophical tincture that could arm them against disease and death, but at the same time constrained to own and lament that it had not yet been discovered, or applied to any useful purpose. Chiromancy and every caballistick delusion had its votaries Though the po- pulace would, in a body, attack those who lay under the odium of dealing with the devil, and commit the greatest outrages on their persons and property, they would individually have recourse to them for advice in difficulties, — for information as to things lost or stolen, — for the choice of fit days on which to commence a journey or enter on any particular business,* — and for an insight into those contingencies which a benevolent Providence has thought ft to wrap in obscurity. But if, from this brief survey of the condition of the univer- sities, the posture of affairs in Church and State, and the habits of the nation at large, at the time when Merchant-Taylors' was founded, we pass to the character of the man to whom was prin- cipally entrusted the care of the Infant Seminary, we shall find it to have been of a cast not less singular than the aera at which he began his labours was remarkable and unprecedented. Mul- easter, though he had kept aloof from the busy controversies occasioned by the revolutions in religion, was warmly attached to * Even those who were superior to vulgar errours thought it politick to humour the people in their superstition. " Upon the accession of Queen Elizabeth, at the desire ©f Lord Robert Dudley, afterwards Earl of Leicester, he (the celebrated Dr. Dee) delivered somewhat upon the principles of the ancient astrologers about the election of a fit day for the coronation of the Queen ; and as strange and ridiculous as this may seem in our times, yet it is very certain that, by these notions, he recommended himself to the potent favourite before mentioned, and to several others of the nobility, nay, and to the Queen herself, ia such a degree that she promised to be kinder to him than her brother, King Edward, had been, and actually afforded some very extra- ordinary marks of her notice and "favour." — Biogtaphia Britannica, Edit. 1793. Art. Dee. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 551 the profession of the Protestant faith. He was a man of letters, who had passed through two universities without contracting any of the awkward airs of pedantry. And, as a schoolmaster, he was perhaps the man best qualified of any, whose characters have come down to us, to lay deep the foundation of rational piety,, solid learning, and loyalty for conscience sake, in a school, which, by the blessing of heaven was to have continuance for ever. Entertaining correct notions himself of the sacred rights of roy- alty, he was likely to inspire his pupils with those sentiments of attachment to the Queen, which would procure them admission to her court, her presence, and her favour. Possessing a soul that would have shone in an age of chivalry, his talents were always devoted to the service of the maiden Queen, whose accession he hailed, as the rising of a brilliant sun, to cheer a nation chilled with the horror of more than inquisitorial cruelty. And, falling in with the plan which Elizabeth had laid down, of rendering her- self popular among her subjects, by making progresses about her do- minions,* and drawing off the attention of her people from politicks- * Nichols, ia his Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, has reprinted Gascoyne's " Piincely Pleasures at Kenilworth," in which is the following passage : — " Her Majesty, proceeding towards the inward court, passed on abridge, the which, was rayled in on both sides. And in the toppes of the postes thereof were set suudrie presents, and giftes of provision: as wine, corne, fruites, fishes, fowles, instrements of musike, and weapons for martial defence. All which were expounded by an actoir dad like a poet, who pronounced these verses in Latine : Jupiter e summi dum Venice cernit Olympi, Hue, princeps regina, tuos te tendere gressug, Scilicet eximise succensus imagine formse, Et memor antiqui qui semper ferveverat ignis, S'iccine Ccelicolse patientur turpiter (inquit) Muneris exortem Reginam hoc visere castrum, Quod tam leeta subit? Reliqui sensere Tonantis Imperium Superi : pro se dat quisque libenter, 552 THE HISTORY OP by splendid amusements, he encouraged the spirit of the times, assisted in framing pageants and devices,, and ransacked the trea- sures of history, sacred and profane, for compliments to a princess whom he idolized.* From the hands of such a master did the first scholars 'of Mer- chant-Taylors' pass to the universities, to replenish, by their at- tainments, those ancient channels of literature, which had, of late years, been drained of their resources. They went furnished with that accurate acquaintance with grammar, which is the only foun- Musiculas Sylvanus aves, Pomonaque poma, Pruges alma Ceres, rorantia vina Lyaeus, Neptunus pisees, tela et tutantia Mavors : Heec (regina potens) Superi dant munera Divi : Ipse loci Dominus dat se Castrumque Kenelmi. — TheseVers.es were devised by Master Muncaster."— Seepage .87, note. * " The business was (as Bp.Hurd observes in his dialogues) to welcome the Queen, and at the same time to celebrate the honours of her government; and what more decent way of complimenting a great prince than through the veil of fiction ; or wbat so elegant way of entertaining a learned prince, as by working up that fiction out of the old poetical story : and if something of the Gothic romance adhered to these classical fictions, it was not for any barbarous pleasure that was taken in this patchwork, but that the artist found means to incorporate them with the highest grace and ingenuity. The deities introduced in the compliments at Kenilworth were those of the waters, the most artful panegyric on the naval glory of this reign, and the most grateful representation to the Queen of the Ocean, as Elizabeth was then called. The attributes and dresses of the deities themselves are studied with care, and the most learned poets of the time employed to make them speak and act in perfect character. The first artists in every kind were of Italy ; and it was but natural for them to act these fables over again on the very spot which had first produced thenu These, too, were the masters to the rest of Europe. So that fashion concurred with the other prejudices of the time to recommend this practice to the learned, from whom the enthusiasm spread to the great. These devices, composed out of the poeti- cal history, were not only vehicles of compliment to the great on solemn occasions, but of- the soundest moral lessons, artfully thrown in and recommended by the charm of poetry and numbers." — Hurd's Moral and Political Dialogues, p. 150 — 165. merchant-taylors' school. 553 dation of all classical excellence. They were imbued with prin- ciples of zealous devotion to God and the Queen. And fair was the promise which they gave of dispelling the clouds of ignorance, breaking the shackles of superstition, and promoting the general good of society, according to the sphere of action in which they might be called to move. But little would the talents of Mulcaster have availed, if they had not been seconded by the heads of the houses at Oxford and Cambridge, to which the generality of his scholars were sent on completing their school education. Those houses were St. John's College at the former, and Pembroke Hall at the latter, university. Both which places were peculiarly fortunate in the persons who presided over them. Elye,* indeed, was President of St. John's, and Grindalf Master of Pembroke, at the time of the foundation ; but they resigned before, it is likely, that Mulcaster could have transplanted any of his scholars to the university. And Stocke4 who succeeded Elye, enjoyed the headship too short a time to be very useful in that situ- ation. But Robinson§ and Matthew,who came next,were succesfully * " William Elye, M. A. succeeded Mr. Belsire (the first president) an. 1559; removed also from his place for maintaining the Pope's authority (and not the Queen's) over the Church of England. He lived many years very obscurely, having, if I am not mistaken, entered into some religious order beyond the seas, and being seized upon for a seminary, was committed to the common prison at Hereford, where, re- maining several years, died very aged, an. 1669. "-^Wood's History by Gutch, p. 543. •j- See page 23, note. J " William Stocke, Bachelor of Divinity and principal of Gloucester Hall, became the third president in 1563. He resigned in 1564 ; and, after many benefices had been by him received and changed, died, notwithstanding, in a poor condition, an. 1607." — Wood's History by Gutch, p. 543. § In addition to the note, p. 38, it may be observed that Dr. Robinson held the living of St. Martin Outwich for a few months, and was so esteemed by the company that they accepted his recommendation of a successor. " Item, it is also agreed and decreed by the foresaide m"f, wardens, and assystents, that the foresaide nfr and wardens shall, within as shorte tyme as they can convenient, 4 B 554 THE HISTORY OF engaged in directing the talents and forming the characters of our young Merchant-Taylors. Matthew, in particular, was a man make requeste unto iiii doctors of dyvynitie, abiding within the cytie of London, whereof two of them to be of the universitie of Oxforde, and the other two of Cam- bridge; for that it would please them to nominate and appointe unto them iiii scho- Jers, which shall have taken two degrees at leaste in scholes, whereof two of them to be of the one universitie, and the other two of the other universitie : to that ende, that they the saide m~r and wardens, with thadvyce of the saide assystents, maye pro- ceade to the elecipn of one of them, whom they maye presente as parson of the parisshe of St. Martin Outwich, nowe Voide by the deathe of Sir Wm. Gravesende, late parson (whereof they are patrons) unto the dyocesan, Accordinge to an ordennance in that behaulf made."— '•See minutes of court, 5 May, 1570. " Ffyrste, at this daye where upon requeste made in the behaulf of the fore- saide m~r and wardens, unto Mr. Lawrens Humfrey and Mr. Awtor Yeldar, Doctors of Dyvinitie, of the unyversitie of Oxford, for the nominacon of two students of dyvinitie of the saide unyversitie of Oxford, as also unto Mr. Gabryell Goodman and Mr. Thomas Watts, Doctors of Dyvinitie, of the unyversitie of Cambridge, for the nominacon of two students of dyvinitie, lykewyse of the saide unyversitie of Cam- bridge, of the which iiii° r students by the saide iiii doctors so named, one of them is to be eleote and chosen by the said m~r, wardens, and assistants aforenamed, to be parson of the parisshe churche of St. Martyn Outwiche, of there gyfte and patronage, accordinge to an ordennance in that behaulf made. " The said iiii doctors afornamed have severally named these persons, whose names followeth written, as by there bills, subscribed with there owne hands, more plainely dothe appeare. " Mr. Doctor Humfrey hathe named Mr. John Robynson, Presidente of St. John Baptiste Colledge in Oxforde. " Mr. Doctor Yelder hathe named Mr. John Chandler, M"r of Arte. " Mr. Doctor Goodman hathe named Mr. John Still, M~r of Arte. " Mr. Doctor Watts hathe also named Mr. Wm. Sage, M~r of Arte. " Off the which iiii 01 students so named, by the afoiresaide iiii or doctors, as above- said at this daye, by thassent and comsente of the said rnr, wardens, and assistents abovenamed, is elected and chosen Mr. John Robynson, Presidente of St. John Ba»- tyste Colledge in Oxford, to be parson of the saide parisshe churche of St. Martyn Outwiche accordingly. And yt is also agreed and decreed, that >the foresaid mk and wardens, or there successors jnx and wardens, of this mystery, for the tyme being*, shall have full power and lawful authoritie by thie6e presents, at all tymes hereafter (to make and deliver, or cause to be made or delivered unto the sayd Mr. John Robynson hie jweseatacoo of 4he saide -benefice, to be sealed with .the common scale of «bJ5 merchant-Taylors' school. 555 much respected for his learning and eloquence, the sweetness of his conversation, the friendliness of his disposition, and the bril- liancy of his wit. Before his promotion to the headship of St. John's, he had been unanimously elected publick orator of the university, made Canon of Christ Church, Archdeacon of Bath, and Prebendary of Salisbury. His nama stood high in the theo- logical as well as literary world, he was accounted a> most excel- lent divine, and happy were the scholars whom fortune led to a college under his admirable government.* Hntton, who succeeded Grindal in the mastership of Pembroke Hall in about a twelvemonth after the foundation of Merchant- Taylors', and retained it about five years, was Margaret Professor of Divinity, and universally looked upon as a man of great learn- house accordingly. Anyacte or ordenance iheretpfere made, to the contrary hereof in -eaywise, notwilhstandinge." — See minutes of court, 5 July, 1570. N J3. The presentation was sealed and delivered 17 July following. *■' Ttem, whereas, at this presente daie, Mr. John Robinson, Presiderite of St. John Baptyste Colledge in Oxford, who was of late, by this house, presented to be parson Df the parsonage of St. Martyn's Outewitohe in London, beinge in the gyfte of this house by the deathe of Mr. William Gravesend, late parson thereof, did resigns uppe againe into this house his presentacon of the said parsonage of St. Martin Outwiche, in London, to hym thereof made, for that he saide he could not be thereupon resi- dente in souche wyse as he wysshed to have bene by reason of "his presidentshippe. And thereupon the saide Mr. Robynson made pequeste to this house, fihat yt would please unus 1637. S.T.Bac. 1.63©. * Justinianus Stubs, Mar. 15. 1626. Georgitts Harris, Lond. — 7. Joannes RamdaH, Lond. Mar. 29. ") 1627. Sociws, Jan.fi, lfiS]. y Josephus Jackson, Lond. } ) MERCHANTVrAYXQRs' SCHOOL. £39 Christian uniformity, but the abode of fanatical intemperance and disorder. It was there that the hierarchy of the church was attacked in the most publick manner without any regard to truth or decency. And, though Andrewes and Dove, who were undev-graduates there at this time, were too young to take any part in the dispute, it no doubt made an indelible impression on their minds, and in- spired them with that dread which they ever afterwards entertained for the wild sallies of schismp.ticks. There was a great clashing of opinions among the members of the university. The Puritans had drawn up two admonitions, as they called them, to the parliament ; in the former of wljich they represented their pretended grievances, and urged that the only way of redressing them was to allow their scheme of disci*- plime ; but in the latter they broke out with thundery equal to those of the Vatican, expostulated with the government in the most insolent terms, and menaced it in the boldest manner imar ginable. To these admonitions, written by Cartwright of Cam- bridge, and other avowed enemies to the government of Bishops and the offices in the English liturgy, an answer had been re» turned by Whitgift, in which he carefully examined ^Y Regfijfius A«bton, Lond. )m- *-§• 7 Socius, Julii .8. 1639. } 1630. Socius, Maii J9- 1634. } Guliel. Holder, Nottingh. Jan. IS- } , Joaunes FrajickUn, Cantab. Jan. 18. "J 1633. Socius, Jul. 8. 1639. j, ■'* 1630. 1 Thomas Lenthall, Essex, Ap. 9. 1633. 1 Richardus Crashaw, Oct. 22. 1631. » Socius, Jul. 20. 1*635. $ Socius Collegii §* Petri. J Gul. Queries, Lond. Aug. 1634. | GulieL Ward, Canjiaws, Oct. 22. -» Socius, Feb. 7. 1637. J 1631. -\ pocius, xep. 1. wot-. \ Isaacus Cooper, Julii 20. 163£- Guliel. Thorald, Line. Jail. 6. 1631. Reinerus Herman, Belga, Jan. 18. | Georgius Eves, Suthrensis, JuKi J. "J 168S. > l632# ^ Edvardus Stern, Jan. H- 1636. "> Socius." 5 560 THE HISTORY OF ous positions, with which the work abounded. Cartwright pub- lished a reply, to which Whitgift rejoined. But to this second book of Whitgift's Cartwright offered nothing. And it had been well if the dispute had here been closed. But Burleigh, as Chan- cellor of Cambridge, having sent down some new statutes as a check to Puritanism, one Dering, a man of singular fancy and a dangerous enthusiast, took the liberty of writing a warm letter of expostulation to the Chancellor upon the subject of these pro- visions. Amongst other things, he gave a very harsh character of the heads of houses, charged most of them with being enemies of God, and affirmed that the Almighty had suffered Whitgift to fall into great infirmities in the late controversy with Cartwright. Another of the party, named Chark, in a sermon ad Clerum, laid down these two conclusions : 1. Episcopatus, Archiepiscapatus, Metropolitanatus, Patriarchates, et Papatus, a Satana in Ecclesiam introducti sunt. — 2. Inter Ministros Ecclesice non debet alius alio esse Superior. Browning, a Fellow of Trinity College, preached Novatianism and sedition at St. Mary's. Brown, another fellow of the same house, declaimed in the pulpit against the English ecclesiastical constitution, denied the validity of orders received in the reigns of King Henry and Queen Mary, and affirmed that those who had been then ordained priests ought not to officiate without a new ordination. Libels against Whitgift were pasted upon the public schools. And so clamorous and troublesome were the Puritans, that the Vice Chancellor was obliged to write a letter of complaint to Burleigh, in which he solicited his Lord- ship's interference in favour of uniformity.* This state of things afforded many an instructive lesson to the under-graduates, who were just on the point of commencing Ba- chelors of Arts. Too young to be engaged in controversy, and yet old enough to undersand the arguments which were advanced * See Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. pp. 536— 538. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL; 56l on either side, they were able to enter coolly and dispassionately on a consideration of the points at issue between the Churchmen and the Puritans. They saw how sorely the church was assaulted, not so much by open enemies as by false brethren, who, under pretence of reformation, were actually bringing about the ruin of learning and the subversion of religion. It was evident to them, that the favourers of the new discipline were, notwithstanding their affectation of simplicity, men of ambitious spirits, who could brook no control themselves, but were ready enough to lord it over the consciences of others. They perceived with what pride Cartwright and Dering were puffed up, in consequence of the numbers who embraced their system, full as it was of absurdities and impossibilities. It grieved them to see an establishment, -of which they were destined to be defenders, undermined by those who ought to have been diligently employed in raising and beau- tifying its superstructure. But, though the prospect of affairs was dark, and the service of the church likely to involve them in no little trouble and difficulty, they did not shrink from entering on the profession for which they had been educated. It is not to be conceived how appalling it must have been to the well-trained youthful mind, when hoary-4eaded partizans endeavoured to debauch its principles, and to lure it from the soberness of unsophisticated Christianity into the reveries of en- thusiasm. But so enterprizing was the spirit of the Dissenters, that nothing was left untried that could tend to increase their party. With incredible activity in making proselytes, they tod soon succeeded in alienating numbers from the national com- munion. After which, with no less cruelty than policy, they con- trived to retain their miserable dupes in connection with them* and to fix them in their errors, by making them swear that epis- copal government was antichristian, and the service of the. church polluted and abominable.* • * Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 544. 4 c £62 TtfE HISTORY OP Under these threatening circumstances, it behoved the go- vernors of the university to contribute what they could to the support of the establishment. It became a duty peremptory on them to exercise more than ordinary circumspection in their elec- tions, and to choose those, ceteris paribus, who were known to be best disposed towards the discipline of the church. And it is not to be denied that, in several of the colleges at Cambridge, (as well as Oxford) the electors did good service to the cause of religion, by encouraging orthodox young men to come forward as candi- dates. In 1576, a fellowship falling vacant at Pembroke, the master and fellows were pleased to put Andrewes and Dove in compe- tition with each other for it, the issue of which was highly cre- ditable to all parties. For, though, on a comparison of the exercises performed by the candidates, they thought it became them to give Andrewes the preference, and elected him accor- dingly, they showed their esteem for Dove, whom they were unwilling to lose, by making him an allowance for his present maintenance under the flattering title of Tanquam Socius. By which act of liberality, so worthy a learned society, these ad- mirable young men were enabled to prosecute their theological studies on the same plan of mutual encouragement and assistance as that on which they had pursued their researches in philology and philosophy. The first object of their attention was the ethicks of the Chris- tian religion, that sublime system of morality which exceeds all the precepts of heathen sages, as much as the light of heaven transcends the glimmering of the glow-worm. They learned to discriminate and define the virtues and vices which render men either acceptable or odious to their Maker. And, foreseeing that they should be called to instruct their fellow-creatures in the dis- charge of their duty, they seriously considered with themselves in what manner they could give greatest effect to the natural weight, merchant-Taylors' school. 563 dignity, and importance of the rules of life contained in the gospel. From this general view of the subject, they were next led to the study of casuistical divinity, a branch of theology which had been little cultivated since the reformation. The clergy had been so fully occupied in maintaining their ground against Papists on the one hand, and Puritans on the other, that they had been too much taken off from catechizing, visiting the sick, and receiving private confessions. But, as it was highly necessary that the mi- nisters of the English Church should be able to determine cases of conscience without being obliged to have recourse to the wri- tings of Romish divines, our students devoted a portion of their academical leisure to the furnishing themselves with a store of pro- positions and rules before they ventured on the solution of dif- ficulties or the removal of doubts. Not that they were indifferent to the claims of polemical divi- nity. Knowing that it is the duty of all who are admitted into the priesthood, to withstand those who oppose the truth and to contend earnestly for the faith against the abettors of heresy and schism, they furnished themselves with the arguments of the ablest theologians, that, whether called to private conference, publick disputation, or written controversy, they might acquit themselves like men. And, in these studies they passed at least two years. By this time Andrewes, having taken the degree of Master of Arts, was chosen Catechist in Pembroke Hall ; and having un- dertaken to read a lecture on the ten commandments every Satur- day and Sunday at three o'clock in the afternoon, great numbers out of the other colleges of the university, and even out of the country, resorted to Pembroke Chapel as to a divinity-lecture.* * Jackson, in his dedication of Andrewes's work on the Moral Law, says, that " the worke itselfe is such, as in those dayes when it was preached, he was. scarce 4 C2 564 THE HISTORY OP lie was esteemed so profound a casuist, that he was often con- sulted in the nicest and most difficult cases of conscience. And now his reputation being spread far and near, Henry, Earl of Huntingdon, prevailed upon him to accompany him into the north, of which he was President ; where, by his diligent preach- ing, and private conferences, in which he used a due mixture of zeal and moderation, he converted several recusants, priests as well as others, to the Protestant religion. While Andrewes was thus extending the fame of Merchant- Taylors', far beyond the limits of his university, John Spenser,* who had originally been one of the clerks of Corpus Cbristi Col- lege, Oxford, and who had but recently taken his first degree in arts, was elected Greek reader of his college,"!* " which was thert noted for an eminent library, strict students, and remarkable scho- lars.":}; Here he had the happiness of reckoning among his co- temporaries and friends John Rainolds, Richard Hooker, Edwin Sandys, George Cranmer, and many others distinguished for their learning and merit. With Sandys, indeed, who was the reputed a pretender to learning and piety tben in Cambridge, who made not himseHe a disciple of Mr. Anbkewes by diligent resorting to his lectures : nor he a pretender to the study of divinity, who did not transcribe his notes; and ever since they have, in many hundreds of copies, passed from hand to hand, and have beene esteemed a very library to young divines, and an oracle to consult at, to laureat and grave divines." — See " the Epistle Dedicatory" prefixed to the edition printed at London, 1642, fol. * On the. 9th of June, 1578. Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 394. f Fox,. Bishop of Winchester, the founder of Corpus Christi College, appointed two lectures for Greek and Latin, which obtained the praiseiand admiration of Eras- mus, and the other learned men, who were then endeavouring to introduce a know- ledge of the ckssicks as an essential branch of academick study. The Greek lecturer was ordered to explain the best Greek classicks ; and those which Fox specified are the purest in the opinion of modern times.— Wartoris life of Sir T. Pope, p. 141* Spenser was one of those eminent Greek scholars who have kept up the founder's intention at Corpus. % Walton's lives by Zoucb, pp. 216 and 511. merchant-Taylors' school. S6q second son of Dr. Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York, his ac- quaintance had commenced at school.* Nor is it at all improbable that some of the other worthies, who were the ornaments of Cor- pus at -that time, had been together with him pupils of Mul- caster.-f- • " Edwine, Samue'll, and MYtEs Sands," were all admitted into Merchant- Taylors' School in one day, while their father was Bishop of London.— See minutes of court, 25 March, 1571. •f Fuller and many succeeding historians, speaking of Mujcaster, have said/ that *' many excellent scholars were bred under him." But, as was once said of the dig- nitaries of the Church of England, " their very names have been buried as deep as their bodies." With the exception of Andeewes and a few others, they were out of all mention and remembrance, till, in going over the Records of the Merchant. Taylors' (Company, I met, to my astonishment and joy, with the names of 600 of Lis pupils, who were admitted between the 30th of July, 1562, and the 17th of January, 1575. But, as the mastership of this great teacher lasted full twenty-five years, from J56l to 1586, half of it is still involved in obscurity. Nor is even the series, thus un- expectedly brought to .light, complete for the intervening period, as is apparent from the disproportionate numbers stated as admitted in the several years, viz. la 1562 21 In 1570 108 S , 23 1 55 4 109 2 78 5 46 3 - — 17 6 23 4 38 7 20 5 4 8 7 9 51 Among the omissions I much suspect that of George Cranmer above mentioned, and his brother Thomas, sons of Thomas Cranmer, son of Edmund Cranmer, Archdeacon of Canterbury, brother to the martyr of that name, as I find fbe former jn possession of a Merchant-Taylors' exhibition in the year 15&l,.and the latter in 1587. " Item, the saide m~r, wardens, and assistants, at the humble and eharrituble sute of Mr. Thomas Norton, their solycetor, have graunted unto George Cranmer, of Cor- pus Chrrsti Colledge in Oxforde, theire exhibiqion of vi.xiii.iiii d - yearely, to be payde ; unto him quarterly. The furste payemente thereof to begyn at the feaste of Sayncte Mighell tharchangell nexte ensuynge. So as Mr. Anthony Radcliffe, a loveinge bro- ther of this mistery, be sattisfied therewith. And so as the saide George Cranmer doe followe the studdie of dyviaitie and the service of the cluwche,. which if he 566 THE HISTORY OF The friendship which subsisted between Spenser and Sandys at Oxford, was not less sacred or remarkable than that which had distinguished Andrewes and Dove at Cambridge, It was an attachment which had commenced in early youth, when the hand, unbiassed by interest, follows the impulse of the heart, and which had been cemented, in ripening manhood, by the similarity of their inclinations for the same theological studies. " They took sweet counsel together, and walked in the house of God as friends." Oxford, indeed, did not present to them so great a scene of religious dissention as the sister university did to their cotempora- ries. But, nevertheless, Calvinists were not wanting in number, zeal, or mischief. The plague having broken out, it had been ordered, by convocation, on the 3d of April, 1579> that all pub- lick exercises should be intermitted till the beginning of the fol- lowing term, with a view to avoid the dangers likely to arise from any great confluence of students at that time. And this interval of leisure was assiduously employed by the party, in writing and circulating libels on the Queen and the Church. Nor did they moderate the grossness of their defamation, or abate the vio- lence of their proceedings, till their conduct coming to the know- ledge of the Chancellor, he sent an express to his deputy, direct- ing proper measures to be taken for the suppression of such out- rages against religion and law; in consequence of which judicious ^halbe founde not to followe accordingly, then the saide pension to surcease and be taken from him." — See minutes of court, 18 June, 1581. " At this courte was red a Tie, directed to this Worshipfull Companie, from the *ighte honorable the L. TbTrer and Sir Ffrancis Walsingham, wherein it was requested that Thomas Cranmer, the brother of George Cranmer, which was late scholler in Oxforde, might have the pencon which the companie then allowed to the said George, towards the maintenance of the said Thomas. Wheruppon it is agreed by the said assistants, that the said Thomas Cranmer shall have yerelie iiii 1 '- towards his mainte- nance duringe the pleasure of this worshipfull companie, the first payment to beginne #t Mydsomer nexte." — See minutes of court, 1 March, 1587. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 567 Interference, it was ordered, at a convocation on the 29th of April, that whosoever should be found guilty of making, reciting, tran- scribing, or any way publishing of libels, should be, ipso facto, banished from the university. But the chancellor's letter had only a partial effect. The Cal- vinistic disposition remained, and occasionally burst forth in acts and expressions of misguided zeal. Under pretence of opposing the growth of popery and encouraging that of protestantism, many of the university preachers, especially of the younger sort, delivered themselves in a very disorderly and uncharitable manner. Dealing in bitter invectives against the established order of things, they gave offence to the better and graver part of the gownsmen, and excited no little alarm in the minds of her majesty's ministers, when they heard of these prevailing irregularities. At length, the chancellor thought fit to interpose his authority a second time. Having sent for two or three of the scandalous preachers to town, he remonstrated with them in so plain a manner, that they ex- pressed a regret, real or pretended, for the practices of which they had been guilty. And thus was puritanism at Oxford obliged for a time to hide its head. The frowns, with which it had been received, diminished awhile the facility with which it had been used to make converts. And though disputes on religious sub-^ jects ran high within the walls of Magdalen, Queen's, and some other colleges, they did not disturb the peace, or affect the gene- ral character of the university. On the 17th of March, 1581, Edwin Sandvs, who had two years before been admitted probationer fellow of Corpus, was col- lated to the prebend of Wetwang, in the church of York ; and soon after, resigning his fellowship, set out on his travels* into * « Edwin Sandys, second son of Edwin, some time Archbishop of York, was born in Worcestershire, particularly, as I suppose, within the city of Worcester, when his father was bishop of that diocese, before his translation to York, admitted scholar of C. C. Coll. in Sept. 1577, and in the year of his age l6> or thereabouts, 568 THE HISTORY OF France, Germany, and Italy, in company with his fellow collegian, George Cranmer. And this left Hooker more at leisure to culti- vate an intimacy with SpEnsek, the fruits of which were acknow- ledged in the assistance which the latter gave to the former in writing his great and justly celebrated work, an elaborate per- formance, in which the principal objections of the puritans against the worship and government of the church of England are re- cited, argued, and fully answered. The presbyterians found their cause so completely baffled by it, that they were never able to re* new the controversy to any purpose. Nor is there any literary performance of that age which has come down to our times with more testimonies to the learning and judgment of its author and his associates, than " The Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity." It is a book that compresses into small compass the wisdom of philoso- phers, casuists, and schoolmen, and unveils the reason of all laws* both sacred and civil. This year, Samuel Fox, eldest son of the martyrologist, who had been seven years a demi of Magdalen College, Oxford, was chosen probationer, but being (as he expresses it in his diary*) re* pelled by a contrary faction, was restored by the Queen's letters mandatory. In the beginning of January, 1582, one Richard Harvey, of Cam- bridge, having written an Astrological Discourse on the Conjunc- tion of the two superior Planets, Saturn and Jupiter, which was to happen on the 28th of April, in the following year* the common sort of people were driven out of their wits, from apprehension of some terrible calamity. Upon this, Thomas HETH,-f- fellow of AH Souls'* being then pupil to the famous Mr. Rich. Hooker, who made use of his, and the judg- ment of George Cranmer, when he compiled his books of Ecclesiastical Polity. In 3579, Jan. 23, he was admitted probationer fellow of that house, being then bach, of arts" — Wood's Athena, v. i. col. 541. * His Diary concerning himself, his education, travels, gifts, purchases, and chit 1 SCHOOL. 571 f)onents. At length ttie prince went to Woodstock ; on his way to which place, he was invited to a costly banquet at St. John's, the gates and walls of which college were covered with verses.* Occurrences like this, however, were only episodes in the great drama of conflict, which the church of England was sustaining with both Romanists and Puritans. The Jesuits and priests, trained of late years in the seminaries beyond the seas, were, in many instances, men of great learning. In others, they had been so far educated as to be able to handle all the common topicks of their religion; and though, perhaps, men of little reading, suffi- ciently qualified to advance their cause among the common peo- ple. As far as their own opinions were concerned, they were learned enough to make the worse appear the better side of the question to the generality of those who listened to them. And it * " His desire towards his jburriey*s.end (says Wood) caused him not to accept of it, only of a pithy oration, delivered by a fellow of that house. — From thence he wa.s accompanied with divers doctors and heads of houses, in their scarlet gowns, to the milestone, or thereabouts, and then, the university orator speaking another oration, they all took their farewell of him, their chancellor, and the rest of the noble com- pany. Some days after, when they came to London, they made such a good report of their entertainment to the queen, that she ordered that thanks should be sent to the university, as if it had been done to her, and for her honour and credit. Such an en- tertainment it was, that the like, before or since, was never made for one of his degree, costing the university, with the colleges, (who contributed towards the en- tertainment) about £350. And, indeed, considering the worthiness of the person for whom it was chiefly made, could not be less. He was one ' tarn Marti quam Mer- curio,' a very good soldier, and a very good scholar, an admirable linguist, philoso- pher, and mathematician. His deportment very winning and plausible, his personage proper, utterance sweet, nature facile, and wit excellent. But that which was in him most observable was his prodigality, for so far did he exceed his abilities, that being not able to keep within bounds (notwithstanding he had 50 castles of great value with a wife) was forced at length to quit England, (after he had tarried there 4 months), to prevent the coming on of creditors, and retiring to his own country, was afterwards seen at Crakow by an English gentleman very poor and bare." — Wood's Annals, book i. p. 217. 4d2 37i fllS HISTORY OF ' was not to be concealed that many of the Queen's subjects lapsed from time to time into the errours and corruptions of the church of Rome. But so long as her Majesty lived, the warmest abettors of popery and superstition despaired of reconciling the two churches. AntkJienee the renewed and repeated attempts which were made to take off the Queen by poison or assassination. In October, 1.584, the papists were particularly busy in abusing her iu printed libels, endeavouring to render her odious to her subjects, and in- stigating her own servants to kill her, as one mode of doing ser- vice to God and his catholiek church. Some of these papers we>re distributed at Oxford, where they fell, according to the design of their authors, into the hands of the scholars. And though* upon the issuing of a proclamation against them, it was ordered in con-, vocation, that no one should take or retain any of these libels, it was too plainly to be seen, that the command was not observed. Elizabeth, the patroness and champion of the reformed rebgjon, was in daily danger of falling a sacrifice to the machinations of the emissaries of the papal see. And in her life, precarious as it was, there seemed to be involved the welfare, not only of the church of England, but of every other protestant communion in Christendom. But however eager the Romanists were to compass their designs, the Puritans were not less so. Several masters of arts at Oxford were seduced into the Presbyterian scheme by some Scotch minis- ters, who visited that university at the act in 1584, an,d had seve- ral meetings about the promotion of their cause. The chief mat- ter which they aimed at was to draw the scholars, who were otherwise very well affected to the reformed church of England, to subscribe to certain decrees, as honest and good, though, in truth, they were false and foolish novelties pregnant with schism and sedition.* One Edward Gellibrand, Bachelor of Divinity, of Magdalen College, laboured not a little to make proselytes' * Wood's Annals, by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 224. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 373 among the scholars at Oxford, as Gartwright did about the same time at Cambridge ; of which, Bancroft, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, in his book of Dangerous Positions, has preserved a proof in a letter of this Gellibrand to a Correspondent of the name of Field : " I have already (says he) entred into the matters whereof you write, and dealt with three or four of several colleges concern- ing those among whom they live. I finde that men are very dan- gerous in this point, generally favoring reformation. But when it commeth to the particular point, some have not yet considered of these things for which others in the church are so much troubled : others are afraid to testifie any thing with their hands* least it breed danger before the time : (and after) many favour the caus& of reformation, but they are not ministers, but young students, of whome there is good hope, if they be not cut off by violent deal- ing before the time. As I hear by you, so I mean to goe forward, where there is any hope, and to learn the number and to certifie you thereof, &c/'* Under circumstances of such organized and systematical tam- pering with the principles of the younger members of the univer- sity, it became highly necessary that the publick offices should be filled with men having a right judgment in theological matters, and ability to maintain and vindicate their opinions. And, there- fore, on the 14th of April, 1586, Giles Tomson, Fellow of All Souls, who, when a young man, had gained great credit by all his exercises in the schools, was chosen one of the proctors of the university of Oxford, and about the same time divinity reader of Magdalen College.-f- In the end of June, Fox, who had made the tour of Germany, Italy, and France, returned to England, after an absence of more than "three years, during which time he had studied a twelve- , * Bancroft's Dangerous Positions, printed at London, in 4to. 1693. Book III. chap. iv. page T4. f Wood's Athense, vol. i. col. 721. 374 THE- HISTORY- OT month at Leipsic, and half a year at Basil,* which were then the two universities on the continent most frequented by Protestants: the former being remarkable for the circumstances under which it was founded by the Dukes of Saxony, out of a detachment of scholars from Prague, in Bohemia, of whom there came no fewer than two thousand in one day, on account of the quarrel between the Papists and Hussites in that city ;-f- and the latter not less dis- tinguished by having been the favourite residence of Erasmus, that great and valuable man, to whom we and all the nations of Europe are indebted for spending a long and laborious life in op- posing ignorance and superstition, and in promoting literature and true piety.:]: On the 17th of April, 1588, Gwintse was chosen junior proctor of * Appendix to Strype's Annals, v.'ili. No. xlviii. T It is said, that when John Hus was rector of the university of Prague, the num- ber of students amounted to 44,000. And, when the Emperor Charles V. would have retrenched their privileges, 24,000 are said to have left it in one week, and 16,000 more soon after. See a Complete System of Geography, London,, J 747* fol. vol. i. p. 686. J It was at Basil that Erasmus published his celebrated Colloquies, a book de- servedly held in much esteem, in all Protestant schools, having been drawn up by the author, partly that young persons might have a book to. teach them the Latin tongue, and religion and morals at the same lime ; and partly to cure the bigotted world, if possible, of that superstitious devotion, which the monks so industriously propagated". The liveliest strokes in them have the monks and their religion for their object; on which account, they no sooner appeared, than a most outrageous clamour was raised against them. He was accused of laughing at indulgences, auricular confession, eat- ing fish upon fast days, &c. and it is certain he did not talk of these things in the most devout way. The faculty of theology at Paris, passed a general censure in the year 1526, upon the Colloquies of Erasmus, as upon a work, in which the fasts and abstinences of the church are slighted, the suffrages of the holy virgin and of the sainis are derided, virginity is set below matrimony, Christians are discouraged from monkery, and grammatical is preferred to theological erudition : and, therefore, decreed, that the perusal of that wicked book be forbidden to ah, more especially to young people, and that it be entirely suppressed, if possible. In the year 1537, Pope Paul III. jchose a select number of cardinals and prelates to consider about reforming the MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 575 the university of Oxford,* in which character he assisted at the? Contested election of a chancellor, in the room of Robert, Eari of Leicester, who-, after presiding, over the university about twen?~ ty-four years, during which time, (notwithstanding occasional offi- cial interferences, which he could not well avoid) he had given con- siderable encouragement to the Puritanical party ,f died atCornbury on the4th of September. The faction which had been so_unseasonabry favoured by the deceased, endeavoured to choose in his room, Robert, Earl of Essex, from whom they expected they might re- ceive the same countenance and support. But Whitgift, Arch- bishop of Canterbury, foreseeing the mischiefs that would arise from the elevation, of such a man to so high an office, recom- mended the university to choose Sir Christopher Hatton, Knight of the Garter, at that time Lord Chancellor of England, which they did accordingly, on the 20th of that month.J On the 15th of June, 1589, Dove, whom Price had made one of the first scholars of Jesus College, Oxford, was installed Dear> of Norwich.^ And,, about the same time, Andrewes, who had church; who, among other things, proposed that young people should not be per- mitted to learn Erasmus's Colloquies. A provincial council also, held at Cologne in 1549, condemned these Colloquies as not fit to be read in schools. For which verys reasons, so great a treasure of wit and good sense should never cease to be a school-? hook in this Protestant country.— See Jortin's Life of Erasmus, London, 4to. 1758.. Vol. i. pp. 295„ 298, &c. *' Wood's Fasti, vol. i. col. 134. f He promised that Nicholas Balgay, Doctor of Divinity, sometime schoolmaster of Magdalen College, and Mr. John Case, sometime of St. John's College, indus- trious and learned persons in training up students after the old fashion in townsmen's houses, which had been halls, (they having been the last of those that did so), should he preferred to the headship of the next halls that fell vacant; but his promise was never fulfilled, all his interest in the university being reserved for those of his beloved party, the Puritans. — He sometimes endeavoured to bring about unanimity in the u«i> versify, but the faction which he favoured being always ready to provoke dissentions>, his. intentions were always frustrated. — Wood's Annals, v. ii. p. 233. \ Wood's Fasti, vol. i. col. ^ § Le Neve's.Fasti> p.514.. 576 THE HISTORY OF been much taken notice of by Sir Francis Walsingham, Secretary of State to the Queen,* began to rise in the church. That able minister, unwilling that so great a genius should be buried in the obscurity of a country benefice, and intending to make him rea- der of controversies in the university of Cambridge, had assigned him for his maintenance a lease of the parsonage of Alton in Hampshire,-f- and afterwards procured for him the vicarage of St. Giles^s^Gripplegatej in Juondon. To these preferments were now .added a prebend in St^PauTs Cathedral, and another in the col- legiate c hurch o f Southwell. But these promotions served only to increase his diligence^and exertions in the cause of religion. He read divinity lectures three times a week at St. Paul's during term time, and distinguished himself as an excellent preacher. Upon the death of Dr. Eulke this year, he was called to the mastership of Pembroke-Hall, a place of more honour than profit to him, since he spent more upon it than he received from it.J But, considering that he was only a steward for the benefit of others, he now began to mark his course through life with acts of liberality and munificence. In 1590, Fox resigned his fellowship of Magdalen College, Oxford, and was chosen a burgess to sit in the parliament,^ that was to meet at Westminster on the 4th of February, where it met accordingly ; but little business occurring, it Was dissolved oh the * Isaacson's Life of Bishop Andrewes. ■j- Funeral Sermon by Buckeridge, subjoined »« merchaxt-tAylors' school. 583 Calvinistic view of these five points met with an encreasing num- ber of abettors, especially among the common people.* Some few, indeed, who were not undistinguished for their piety and learning, espoused the same side of the question. But the greater part of our eminent scholars and divines either openly contended that the peculiar doctrines of Calvin were not the doctrines upon which the Church of England was reformed, or else, like An- drewes, mourned in private such bold and needless disquisitions on points of such high and awful import.-f- * " These errors and animosities were so remarkable, that they begot wonder in art ingenious Italian, who, being about this time come newly into this nation, writ scof- fingly to a friend in his own country, that the common people of England were wiser tlien the wisest of his nation ; for here the very women and shopkeepers were able to judge of predestination, and determine what lazes were fit to be made concerning church goverrir merit; then, what were fit to be obeyed or abolished. That they were more able (or at least thought so j to raise and determine perplexed cases of conscience, than the most learned col- ledges in Italy. That men of the slightest learning, and the most ignorant of the common people, were mad for a new, or super, or re-reformation of religion; and that in this they appeared like that man, who would never cease to whet, and whet his knife, till there was no steel left to make it useful. And he concluded his letter with this observation, that " those veru men that were most busie in oppositions, and disputations, and controversies, and finding out the faults of their governours, had usually the least of Jtumility and mor- tification, or of the power of godliness." — Walton's Life of Hooker, prefixed to the edition of his zcorlcs in fol. printed at London, 1682, p. 10. f Far different from the conduct of the shopkeepers mentioned in the last note was that of the learned Andre wes, who, after more than sixteen years spent in the study of divinity, during which time he had neither disputed nor preached on predestination or reprobation, thus modestly prefaced the opinion he was called upon to give conr- cerning the Lambeth articles:—" Quatuor priores Articuli de Pradestinatione sunt et Reprobatione : quorum ilia ab Jpostolo dicitur r ii j3«fl®- .' heec a Propheta, Jbyssus multa. Rom. xi. 33. Psalm, 36. 6.— Ego certt (ingenui fateor) sequutus sum Jugustini con- silium: Hysteria hac qua, aperire von possum, clausa miratus sum, et proinde,. per hos .16 annos, ex quo Presbyter sum fact us, me neque public^ neque pr.ivatim vel disputdssu de eis, vel pro Condone tractdsse : Etiam nunc quoque malle de e/'s audire, quam dicere. Et quidem cum lubricus locus sit,, et habeat utrinque periculosa pracipitia, cumque loci Paulini fuude fere eruiturj inter Wm» Ma (de quibus PrtrusJ semper siut habiti : 584 THE HISTORY OF On the 21st of April, ltQ6, Rowland Searchfield, Tellow of St. John's, was chosen junior proctor of the university of Ox* ford,* some of whose brightest ornaments at that time had re- ceived their school education at Merchant-Taylors'. Not relaxing in their application to study, as they rose in their society, but still .continuing to enter deeply into the authors of antiquity, they showed ? to what perfection the character of a college may be raised, when its members, turning with disgust from pursuits un- worthy liberal minds, devote their academical leisure to the cul- tivation of Grecian literature. And grateful, indeed, must have been the sensations of the president, when, among the fellows by whom he was surrounded, he noticed a Paddie, a Gwinne, a •Ravens, a Perin, a Buckeridge, a Latewar, a Search- tield, a Whitelocke, a Boyle, and others, in whom, with a prophetick eye, he saw a constellation of cotemporary worthies, raised up by a kind Providence to shed a lustre on their school and their college by their eloquence as orators, r by their genius as poets, by their accuracy as criticks, by their eminence as phy- sicians, by their integrity as judges, by their sanctity as bishops.-f- iumque nee multi in Clero sint, qui ea dextrh expedire, et perpauci in populo qui idonei Mlivs auditor es esse possint; suaderem, si fieri possit, ut indiceretur utrinque silentium ; .nee ita passim et crude~ proponerentur a quibusque ut assolet. Certi multb magis expedire arbitrot) ut doceaiur populus noster salutem suam quarere in manifestis vitee sanctee et fide- Jiler institute (quod et Petrus suadetj quam in occultis Consilii divini ; citjus curiosa nimis .inspectio .vertigines et scotomata generare potest et solet; adijicationem certh in angustis in- geniis vixsolet." — Artieuli Lftmbethani, fyc. Cantabrigia, 1694, p. 27. * Wood's Fasti, vol. i. col. 151. •f There is .a remarkable passage to this purpose in a letter from the president and senior fellows to the master, wardens, and assistants of the Merchant-Taylors' Com- pany, dated the ;12th of Nov. 1595. — " We neede not write unto yow of the greate homber of sufficient schollers were with this colledge (the Lord be praised) is re- plenished. Yowr selves heare them day ly, whose earnest desire is to be called abrode to the exercise of their function and to some certen stay of ly ving, whereby they MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 585 In 1597, John Perin, Doctor in Divinity and Fellow of St. John's College, was made Regius Professor of Greek in Oxford.* Many years had now elapsed since Sir Thomas Gresham had determined to convert his mansion-house in Bishopsgate-Street into a seat for the muses, and to endow it with the revenues arising from the Royal Exchange, which he had erected for the service of the merchants at London.-f- The care of his intended college was to be intrusted to the city of London and the com- pany of Mercers. But, as the settlement was not to take place till after the death both of himself and his lady, the property did not come into the hands of the two corporations till the month of December, 1596, when, upon the decease of Dame Anne Gresham, they immediately agreed on such measures as seemed necessary for the due execution of their trust. Their first con- cern, after taking possession of the estates, was to choose such persons as were fit to read the lectures according to the directions of the will. And, as this was a matter of the greatest conse- quence, they wisely determined to consult with those who were best able to advise them. For this purpose letters were written to the two universities of Oxford and Cambridge, desiring each of them- to send in a list of persons qualified to read the lectures in divinity, civil law, physick, musick, astronomy, geometry, and rhetorick, out of whom they might choose one for each faculty/]: Whether any of those who were recommended by the university of Cam- bridge had been educated at Merchant-Taylors', does not appear. But, among them who were nominated at Oxford, there were two might become as profitable to the church their mother, as now they are changeable to the colledge their nurse, which shalbe, when it pleaseth God, upon whose goodnes they and we relye." — See minutes of court, 14 Nov. 1595. * Le Neve's Fasti, p. 473. . t See the Life of Sir Thomas Gresham, prefixed to Ward's Lives of the Professors, p. 18. See the Introduction to Ward's Lives of the Professors, p. 33. 4F 586 fHE HISTORY 0¥ who had been scholars of our school and were now fellows of St. John's College. — Dr. Latjewar was recommended for the pro- fessorship of divinity, and Dr. Gwinne for that of physick.* But, as the electors were desirous of manifesting an equal regard to both the universities, Late war was obliged to yield to a Cambridge candidate, in order that Gwinne, who had a par- ticular recommendation from the Lord Chancellor Egerton,-^ might not be disappointed of his object. At the commencement of the lectures at Gresham College, in Michaelmas term, 1598, Gwinne, Professor of Physick, began with an oration in praise of the founder and his institution, which, with another delivered in Hilary term following, upon the same subject, were afterwards printed. It was designed, indeed, that the lectures should have begun in Trinity term the preceding year, but they did not,; as will appear from the general title of Gwinne's two orations, which runs thus, Orationes duo. Londini habitce in JEdibus Greshamiis, an. dom. 1598» compared with the particular ti,tle of each oration, the former of which is Oratio prior, and the latter Oratio secunda^ sive, Pralectio nona, cum resumerentur lecti&nes post natalitia.% However, no sooner had Gwinne commenced * The whole proceedings of the convocation at Oxford in this affair may be seen in the Appendix to Ward's Lives, No. vii. And yet Maitland, who wrote many years after Ward, says, " It is not known whether either of the universities sent such re- commendations, but it is probable they never did, or at least that the first choice was made without any regard to them ; for, at the first election, two of the professors were chosen by recommendations from the court, — namely, Dr. Matthew Gwinne, Professor of Physick', and Dr. John Bull, Professor of Musick." — See Maitlancts His- tory of London, v. ii. p. 803. Bull, it is true, was chosen upon the special recom- mendation of the Queen, but Gwinne upon that of the university of Oxford, as is shewn in their lives by Ward. f Epist. ad Orat. duas. $ " The readings at Gresham College Were never called Orationes, but Lectiones or Pmlectiones; except the first of each professor, previous to his lectures. And, there- fore, the reason of the double title given to this latter seems to be, that the doctor MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 587 his labours, than as every one was eager to gain some knowledge in the art of physick, he found a numerous audience on his days not having finished his subject in the former oration, resumed it again at the beginning of the next term; the whole of it being an additional encomium upon the founder and his institution. And that he then opened the readings, may likewise be learnt from a passage in the oration itself, where he says: Cum intermma revocentur studia, prima celebritas renovetur, primas partes teneo; which acquaints us also with the day of ihe week, when it was read. For the 23d of January, on which Hilary term begins, fell out that year on a Tuesday; but the first day of Michaelmas term preceding, (which, till the sixteenth year of King Charles the First, began upon the 9th of Oc- tober), was on a Monday. If Dr. Gwinne, therefore, read his lectures Upon the same day of the week in both terms (as there seems no reason to question) Michaelmas term would afford him eight Tuesdays for his first eight lectures, so that his ninth would come on course at the beginning of Hilary term. Besides that the lectures did not commence till the year 1598, is further evident from a passage in the Doctor's dedication prefixed to those two orations, in which, speaking of them, he says: Septi- mus jam annus premitur, octavus agitur, quo fari ctzperint. The seventh year, it seems, was then ended, and the eighth current, since they were first opened, which shews it was done in' 1598; for had it been 1597, the ninth year must have begun before this dedication was written. And this is again confirmed by another following passage, where he says: Intereessere tria regni comitia, ex quo caepere lectiones Greshamice; de quibus non dico convellendis, sed alio convertendis, ut nimis multa interim agitata ; at nihil actum pub- lice de confirmandis, ut spes fuit; nedum de ornandis, ut erat desiderium. Now Queen Elizabeth called a parliament to be holden at Westminster in 1597, which began Oc- tober the 24th, and continued there, till it was dissolved on the 9th of February that year. Another parliament was afterwards called in the same reign, which began at Westminster upon the 27th of October, 1601, and sat 'there till its' dissolution, De- cember the 9th following. After the accession of King James, a parliament was sum- moned at Westminster in the year 1604, which met accordingly the 19th of March, and continued to sit till July the 7th, when it was prorogued, first to February the 7tb, and again before the time of meeting to the month of October in the following year, but did not assemble till the 9th of November, upon the discovery of the Powder Plot, and then continued till the 27th of May following, when it was again prorogued. Had the lectures therefore began in Trinity Term, 1597,- there would have been four sessions of parliament between their commencement and the publication of Dr. Gwinne's orations in 1605; whereas, the doctor says, there were but three, the last of which was not then finished. For the orations were published near the end of the year 1605, as appears by the conclusion of the latter, where it is said, they were 4 F 2 588 THE HISTORY OF of reading. Between the hours of eight and nine in the forenoon he read in Latin to foreigners, and between two and three in the afternoon to citizens and others in English. The matter of his lectures was very handsomely referred by the Committee of Ma- nagement to his discretion. But as there was a general wish that he should not follow the ordinary methods of medical lecturers; by expounding disjointed parts of Galen or Hippocrates, he adopted the plan recommended by Fernelius, and arranged his readings under the heads of Physiology, Pathology, and Thera- peuticks.* Edwin Sandys was still pursuing his travels abroad, but not iirthe unprofitable manner too usual with men of his rank and connections. During an occasional residence at Paris he wrote a work entitled * Europa Speculum, or a View or Survey of the State, of Religion, in the Western Parts of the World/ in which his ob- shewn in manuscript upon the 5th of February that year. Nor does the. doctor say, that three sessions were then past, but only that the parliament had assembled thrice since that time. And it seems- probable, by what follows in the dedication, that he. chose to publish them while the parliament was sitting, as the fittest time to answer his end in doing it, which he there insinuates. Indeed, Mr. Wood, speaking of the readers, sais: Illi autem mense Junto 1597, pralegere diebus prastitutis exorsi sunt. And the like has been said by others; which may probably have been occasioned by mis- taking Mr. Stow's relation of this matter in the first edition of his Survey; whose words are these : ' They (the lecturers) were appointed to have begun their readiiiges. in the moneth of June, 1597, which also they do at this time ;' that is in 1598, at the latter end of which year his Survey was published. This account is very consistent with what has been shown already from Dr. Gwinne's orations. As is likewise what he further adds, when he sais, ' These lectures are read dayly in the terme times, by every one upon his day.' Which accounts for the doctor's calling that his ninth lecture, which he read upon the first day in Hilary Term, in the manner before explained ; agreeably to the practice that has ever since continued in reading the lectures, which, so far as appears, have always been confined to the terms. But tho' the doctor might then read upon a Tuesday; yet the course of the lectures, with respect to the par- ticular day of the week for reading them, was not many years after the same as is now in use." — Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 2ffl» * Ward's Lives of Gresham Professors, Pref. "p. 7, 8cc. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 589 ject was to expose the religion and policy of the Church of Rome. But though he considered it as finished on the 9th of April, 1599,* and then addressed it by way of letter to Archbishop Whitgift, it was not till a little before his death that he favoured the world with an authentick edition of it. Observing the factions into which the professors of religion were divided, he made it his business to note how they differed from each other in matters of faith, in the offices of devotion, in ecclesiastical government, and in moral conduct. He marked the virtues and the defects peculiar to each. He set down their respective policies, hopes, fears, and jealousies. He made an estimate of the strength of the Papacy, and declared his opinion on the sort of unity which he thought Christendom might hope for. All which observations, with many others of more or less temporary interest, he submitted to the perusal of his Grace of Canterbury, as the person whose rank in the church and state entitled him to a report of travels, embarked in and conti- nued with a view to the interests of Protestantism. The Queen, now in the sixty-seventh year of her age, had the mor- tification of seeing Pope Clement VIII. taking measures to prevent the English crown from falling, on her approaching demise, to the Protestant King of Scotland. With this view he had sent two briefs * " A copy of which, coming into the hands of an unknown person in England,, an impression of it full of errors stole into the world without the author's name or con- sent, An. 1605, besides another the same year, or soon after. Notwithstanding which, the book was esteemed so much by scholars, and thereupon cried up at home for a brave piece of ingenuity, that it was forthwith translated into French ; and printed, I think, at Paris. But as soon as 'twas finished, the printer, to his great sorrow, re- ceived information that it would be called in and suppressed, (as it was shortly after,) whereupon he dispersed most of the copies into remote parts, before he did disperse any at home, and so was a. gainer by his politics.-^One copy under the author's hand (as 'tis said) I have seen in Bodley's Library, and another in that of Dr. Barlow, which, I suppose* were dispersed to vindicate the author from spurious printed copies that flew abroad." — Wood's Athena, v. i. p. 542. 590 THE HISTORY OF into England, one addressed to the Romish clergy, and the other to the people at large. In these they were forbidden to acknowledge, after Elizabeth's death, any prince who would not swear, not only to tolerate the Romish religion, but even to support it with all his power. But though these briefs were brought into the nation with all possible privacy, and communicated only to a few on account of the severe penalties enacted by law, her Majesty and her ministers were not in ignorance of this stroke of Papal policy.* And knowing therefore that, at such a crisis, much would depend on the talents and character of the English Bishops, they took care that a see, which fell vacant at this time, should be filled up by a man who would have done honour to the episcopal order in any age. This man was Dove, Dean of Norwich, who had for some time been chaplain in ordinary to her Majesty. His excellence as a preacher, assisted by his singularly reverend aspect and deport- ment, peculiarly qualified him for conciliating popular esteem.-f- And on the 26th of April, 1600, he was preferred to the bishoprick of Peterborough.^ On the 2d of February, 1601, died, at Woodstock, Henry Price, a celebrated preacher and an elegant poet. He was buried in the chapel of St. John's College, Oxford, of which he had been fellow, and to which he bequeathed the little property he had acquired in a life cut short in its thirty-fourth year. The society erected a monument over his grave r at their own charge, and adorned it with a suitable inscription^ * Collier's Eccl. History, vol. ii. p. 664s. f Wood's Athens, vol. i. col. 697. J Regist. Whitg. par. iii. s. 43. § " Henry Price was born in London, became scholar of St. John's Coll. in 1584, aged 18, afterwards Fellow, M.A. and Chaplain to Sir Henry Lea, of Oxfordshire. Atlength, taking the degree of Bac. of Div. became Rector of Fleetmarston in Bucks. His works are Epicedium in obitum Henrici Comitis Derbiensis. Oxon, 1593, qu. and The Eagle's Flight ; Serm. at FauFs Cross, on Luke J 7- 37. Lond. 1599- oct. He left MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. £01 Andre wes had now for some time been one of the chaplains in ordinary to her Majesty, who, taking great delight in his preaching, first made him a Prebendary of Westminster in the room of Dr. Richard Bancroft, promoted to the See of London, and afterwards Dean of that church in the room of Dr. Gabriel Goodman, deceased.* But while Andrewes was edifying the court by his pulpit elo- quence, Latewar was braving all the inconveniences of a camp,. as chaplain to the Lord Mountjoy, Lieutenant of Ireland ; and in that service he received his death's wound on the 16th of July. He died the day following, and was buried in the church of Ar- magh. He was an ingenious poet as well as sound divine, and so highly was he respected by his own society, that an honorary monument was soon after erected to his memory at St. John s.f behind hhn several sermons, which were esteemed by some worthy of the press, one of which I have seen (in Bib. D. Tho. Barlow, MS.) written on Rom. 7. 24. preached an. 1594."— Wood's Athena, v. i. col. 306. * Wood's Fasti, vol. i. jeol. 122. f " He was a most ingenious Latin poet, as his epigrams, and copies of verges, occasionally printed in books published in his life time do show. He composed " Carmen ia-o^njpiwuTJxoii Coll. S. Johan. Bapt. Which was restored and augmentec. by Rich. Andrews, M. D. and Fellow of the said college. " Cone. Lat. ad academicos, Oxon, 1594. It was preached when he was admitted B. D. but upon what subject, or when printed, I know not, for I have not yet seen it. What other things of his are published I cannot find; neither is there any need to be said more of him, than what the learned Camden(l) hath delivered of the overthrow of the rebels in Ireland, near to Carlingford, given by Ld. Mountjoy before men- tioned, thus, * On the English side (saith he) there were slain Latewar, D. D. and chaplain to the deputy, and Cranmer, his secretary, both most learned men, and for that much beloved of him, besides some others also.' But the time that he appoints for his death is false, for whereas he saith jt was in 1600, it was not till the year following, being then buried in the church at Armagh. Soon after was erected an honorary monument for him in St. John's College Chapel, with a handsome inscription thereon; a copy of which you may see elsewhere(2). But whereas it is said that he died on (1) In Annal. Reg. Eliz. A.D. 1600. (2) In Hist; et Antiq. Univ. Oxon, I. 2. p. 313, &c. 552 THE HISTORY OP Meanwhile Mountjoy, having paid the last tribute of respect to his departed friend, pursued the war with such success, ; that the affairs of the rebels were soon reduced to a very bad state.* On the 2d of March, 1602, Tomson, who, after serving the proctorship in 1586, had been made Chaplain to the Queen, Re- sidentary of Hereford, and Rector of Pembridge in Herefordshire, was installed_DeajajcXJSyjidsor, and Registrar of the most noble Order of the Garter.-f- 27 July, 1601., aged 41, it is false as it seems ; for(l) one, that was on the place when he received his death's wound, tells us that he was shot at Benburb, July 16, and died the day following, A. D. 1601. See more in the AfFaniae of a celebrated Latin(2) poet of his time, named Fitz-Geffrey, wherein, among the cenotaphs at the end, you will find one upon this Latewae, which, without flattery, was justly written." — Wood's Athena, v. i. col. 509. * " The rebels received, however, an aid from Spain under the command of Don Juan d'Aquila, who landed at Kingsale, and became master of the town. He in- stantly published a manifesto, declaring that Elizabeth being lawfully .deposed by* the? Pope, her subjects were absolved from their .oath of allegiance, and he was come? to deliver Ireland from the jaws of the devil." — Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 155. f The order of the garter, the most honourable of any in the world, was instituted by Edward III. It consists of the sovereign, who is always the King or Queen of » , England, of twenty-five companions, called Knights of the Garter, who wear a medal of St. George killing the dragon, supposed to be the tutelar saint of England, com- monly enamelled on _gold, suspended from a blue ribband, .which was formerly worn about their necks, but now crosses their bodies from the shoulder. The Garter, how- ever, which is buckled under the left knee, gives the name to the order, and on it was engraved the words, Honi soit qui mal y pense. — Evil to him who evil thinks. Authors-. 1 are divided as to the original of that motto; but it certainly alluded to the bad faith of the French King John, Edward's cotemporary. This Order is so respectable, that it has a prelate, who is the Bishop of Winchester, and a chancellor, who is the Bishop of Salisbury, for the time being. It has likewise a register, who is Dean of Windsor, and a principal king at arms, called Garter, whose office is to marshal and manage the solemnities of the installation and feats of the knights. The place of installation is (1) Fines Morison in his book, entitled The Rebellion of Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, in Ireland, London, 1617, lib. 2. cap. 1. A.D. 1601. (2) Car. Fitz-Geofridus ex Aul. Lat. Pact. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 5p3 And thus were the scholars of Merchant-Taylors' rising into publiek notice, under the auspices of a Queen, who uniformly looked for merit as an indispensable qualification in the candi- dates for her favour, when her career of glory was closed by her dissolution on the 24th of March, 1603. It has been recorded, as a proof of her love of learning, that she commanded the chancellors of both universities to furnish her with true and im- partial lists of all hopeful students, with the names of their respective colleges, their standings, and the faculties in which they were likely to be eminent.* In this her Majesty was punc- tually obeyed. And the use she made of it was, that, when she sent an ambassador or govemour abroad, she would of herself nominate such or such a man, mentioning his college or hall, to be chaplain or secretary. In short, whenever there were any places to be disposed of, fit for persons of academical education, she was accustomed to fill them up with such persons as were in her opinion best qualified to discharge the duties of them.f And highly probable is it that Gwinne, Latewar, and others, who received appointments out of England, were indebted to the Queen for the notice they received. Nor were the Merchant- Taylors wanting in respect to their deceased patroness. Among Edward III.'s Chapel at Windsor, or* which occasion the knights appear in mag- nificent robes, appropriated to their order, and in their collars of SS. The reader who wishes for a further account may consult Ashmole's History of the Order. — Mer- chant-Taylors' School has produced one Prelate of the Order Lancelot Andrewes, two Chancellors John Gilbert and John Thomas, and three Registrars Giles Tomson, Matthew When, and CIBrisTopher Wren. * It is said that Sir WiHiam Boswell " had gottefn the very individual papers -wherein these names were listed, and marked with the Queen's own hand, which he carefully laid up among hi&K»p»7ti«. Now (as Sir William observed) this could not be long concealed from the young student, and then it is easy to be imagined (or ra- ther it is not to be imagined) how this consideration, lhat their sovereign's eye was upon them (and so propitious upon the deserving of them,) how this, I say, would switch and spur on their industries."— See the Works of Joseph Mede, fol. Lond. 1672, p. 44. in the Author's Life. f See Wood's Annals by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 278. 4> G 594 THE HISTORY OF the verses which were composed and published on occasion of her death, were some by Peri n, Lymby, Rainsbee, Rawlinson, Sansbury, Lauson, Tuer, Searohfield, and Paddie of Ox- ford ; and Wren and Campion of Cambridge.* * 'EIS TA'$ON EAISA'BET KPATl'STHS, Meyigfi;, EuirtSes-xrri^ ruv B^stxvi/uii, Keat«i>, xasi 'lS»if4)K Baso-iAiVinif 'FiTrwnhx. ETVaox«^oi yx^\ri<; xai EufjBKE? elfrxre MfcVai, if tf u/*»", aAAaif te._ yon roirov ifAteov uevi ; Jlxvroh pvgoy.£ins; x«ti JeiV u; irXltrx Bf trxvi/iss, HxvrxSxiruv xi/tyuv Sgwuv xxi oppxTX [Atfx. AlJ' XTTX^H^ifJilVXl i/AOS TOlVll/, 07TI XAu]»J U1T0V '. Av. Hf 'Af^IJf *fJC^> TfltKTwi/ ai'a'nrauo-f®' »iJX f > 'Ei£*if»if /xfT£j£a"* w«0a)I' > oAoiii*t£, nf awar' tn»£«yx' otSzu;, x«i tXhj»oi/* S'Ujiaw, Eo7TlfWf QoCVXTtf T6, HOW fl-UI* ZtPOtygaVt EJ'Xfj ■fu^j) Jex piUuv -Brlfls/AfMi, £»S «erf* (3f€r]X£» Kai 2' ('I A KI2BE) vtov ^>wvatern;t fruituri's pace Britannis Lingueret ut Pacem Regia Virgo suam, Non semel Hseredem testata est voce Jacobinn, Jamjaraque aethereas in troitura domos. Solus is est, cujus meruit succedere Virtus; Cujus et in nostro pectore ludit amor. Joannes Rawlinson, Joannensis, Art. Mag. O mini lapideum Pectus, et Cerebri lutum, Oculique Lapides, in quibus abunde dolor Concepta, cogitata, nee lachrymas movet. Fortasse Reges flere non didici ; magis Idcirco flerem. Rarior, major dolor. Regina (memorem Te lubens, sed sic memor Fiiisse te, non esse, suspiram lubens.), Regina, regum filia, et virgo, etsenexj Parum ista? Patre maximo major, soror Sorore.melior, fratre ter senior, Pater Cum rex, soror regina, rex fraler forent. Parum ista? cunctis non in historiis parum. Ostendite parem, Kjo»i©< ostendat parens. Regina tandem tanta, cui nomen spnat Fcemina Domus* Dei, e domo egressa est dei Illuc reversa est. Vastitas qusenam loco Ejus relicta? Ne foret, grandis timor Hinc inde fuerat. Sed Domo prisca Dei Aquilonef positus ille Thesaurus fuit, Qui vastitati remedia insolitae daret. Domus ilia verc- qualis i In petri stetit. Tu Pseudo-Petre dimove, hoc solo Petrus Nomine, magistrum quod negas. Verum effodis, Et in hancj retorques de Petra lapides sua; Sed frangis illos, nee tripartita manu Succutis ; Elisa steterat illsesa, et magis Dum laesa laeta, fortior nempe extitit. At curialis htzc Britannorum Domus, Heec% Candida Aui,a curia Anglorum optima, • Hebraice. -> t Ezech. iv. • J Fugitivos elicit, suspendendos remittit Anglos.. § Ibi mortuse feretrum collocatum. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 599 Sublapsa nunc est, mixtaque ruderibus. Sed hinc Regina, lapsutn praevidens, alio redit ; Anima et in aulam Divitis Montis fugit. Sed quo impotentes non queant medicarn sequi J , Strumosa turba quis tibi Princeps opem Feret? quis an rum collo amuletum dabit? Transfusa nisi sint in Jacobaeum manum ; Ac* donum Elisae redeat inf Pylrbi pede. Tranare miserum est, Gallise ad regein, mare 5 Paupercularum turba mulierum, tibi Sua| quo tantm nummulos, vestes, manu Dabat, induebat. Numquid haec alibi solent Regina? ? At ilia sedulo. Micas tameu Propono laudum illius, at micas mod6 Propouit ifle qui fatigavit suain Laudando linguam. Quicquid effundi potest, Unguis Leoni est, Castitas, Pietas, Amor t'., In subditos, Relligio, Majestas, Decor Corporis, etanimr, Cognitio, Linguae Ennium Supra, Triumphi, mira ab insidiis foris Domi incolumitas, saeculo nostro satis Cognita, nee ipso (ut terra) clauduatur mari. Legatus omnis stupuit, absentes stupent Reges ab Angla foeinina vinei, stupent Hostes ; et ipsi qui famiiiarem niinis Memoriam habemus principis tantae, magis Mirabimur earn post modum. In praesens nibil Nisi lacbrymarum solvite exequias. Vetat Lachrymas nee haeres, qui pius. Quisquis negat ( Lacbrymas Elisae, proditor Elisae fuit. Vel Proditores Decusque mundi, syderum fulsit modo, Haud primo in aevo viridis, at fracto accidit, Et funeri confertur, 6 fatum grave : Nunc at quietem carpit aeternam poli, Frequens que turba regium cingit latus. P. Lauson, Johannensis. Si Candor, si Majestas, si Fama perire, Si possit^Pietas, si Decus omnemori: En Candor, Pietas, Majestas, Fama, Decusque, Se Tumulo condunt, Elisabetha, tuo, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 601 Tecum vixerunt, tecum moritura videntur. Absit, at o absit ; quis putet ista mori ? Quae Vitam tribnunt post mortem, quaeque bonorum Splendida in aeternum facta manere jubent. Tu permitte Jacobe (precor), permittite Scoti, Ut rlens paulisper gaudia vestra canam ; Vestra imrao non sunt, potius sunt gaudia nostra, Ergo nostra etiain gaudia flere juvat : Nam nee is accepto gaudebit principe tanto, Qui tanta amissa principe non doluit. Theoph. Tuer, Johannensis. Flete Deae, Charites lugete, ululate Camoenac, En, Regina perit, Diva, Camaena, Charis. Hoc impune licet? si fas occumbere Divos, Quin Musae, Charites, Diique Deaeque cadunt? O ego cum (Princeps) in te divina viderem Plurima; et humanum te sapuisse super ; Cum data longaevae meditarer tempera vitae, Demissam dixi caelitus esse Deam. . At nunc mortalem te agnosco invitus (Eliza), Quam nimis infelix sentio posse mori. Et moreris tandem ? sed non morieris (Eliza), Nescit humo. virtus inviolata tegi. Vivent in ccelis tua numina, nomina terris, Et meliore tui parte superstes eris. Gallia te rebus dubiis adjuta loquetiir, Praesidiique memor Belgica terra tui. Necnon cum domito devictus Iberus Hiberno, Quae fuerat, nolens, vis tua, testis erit. Summa sed ut belli laurus, sic pacis oliva Jure tuum cingit, dulcis Eliza, caput. Relligione tui statuens fundamina Regdi, En constans mpreris relligione senex. Sed cantus subsisto, tuae quae laudis abyssus Ardua, si pergam, qui labyrinthus erit. Cui datur (Angligenis nee laus ea parva) Jacobus Quicquid et ad laudern grande Jacobus habet. ■;. ■■>'! ■■;: . Rolandus Seabchfeild, Theol. Bacc. nif)ilx.J/i Coll. D. Joan. Bapt. Socius. 602 THE HISTORY OF Terminus hue rerum, meus hue me terminus urget: Non ultra Imperium, non Medicina movent. Irrita Fortunae, quamvis immensa, potestas ; Nee vaga constanti cum nece faedua init. Nee valuit mediei, quamvis divina, facultasj Ultima sic Artem ludere fata solent. Quam tamen arte sua salvam non praestat Elisam, Officio doctae ploret Apollo lyrae. Phcebe tua rogus est cithara non dignior ullus : Hoc Mausolaeum si tibi pompa satis. Roma Ti turn higel? magis Anglia luget Elisam. Hie amor orbis, at haec orbis amoris erat. Rex pro Regina, Proceres, Vir Virgine clamant :* Annuit, et Populo nupta fit atque I>eo. Vitam nee nimiam, nee parcam duxerat aevi ; Qua? vixit plusquam fcemina, major obit. Paene quidem decies septem transegerat annos ; Sed dolor et Pietasvis numerare sinurat. Fecerat ilia satis famse, pietatis amore ; iEvo naturae - T Relligione Deo. Mortua tarn placide quam vixerat Ilia, quieta Vita colend 1 ® Deum, mors patiendo fuit. Bello magna, domi mitis, prudensque Senatu, Casta thoro, Solio justa, beata Nece. Regia sacra dabunt Procerus, tectusqoe Senatus, Exequias facitet Virgineusque chorus. Si fatum redimi fato potuisset Elisse Constaret mrfta mocte rederanpta Salus. Sin vitam populi vofeum auperavesit ; aetas Regis compenset, quo rediviva viget. Distribuat populis Rex unras juia duobua ; Et vitae spatium duplieis unus aga*. Solus eris Solomon, Austri regina recessit,, Et fida princeps gente fruere pius>. Non careas medicis, egeaa minus, inclyte Princeps ; Ponitur in Regis tota salute, Salus. Hanc foveas,, reliquis Rex ia&tructissmius> airtem ; Sic. tamen, lit medioa sis sine, salvua, ope. Guil. Paddeius, Joannensis Medicina; Doctor. * Verba ipsius, Bliss jam juvenis. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 603 Sic te grandinis, et nivis Dirac turbo t'requens, saevaque nubila Infestent precor, et Jovis Irati tonitru, et tela rubentia, Marti pessime mensium : Numquam te placidis flatibus irrigei Florentis Zephyrus pater Veris, sed Boreas, sed Notus horridus Saevo turbine te regant : Atque inter reliquos dicier ukimu3 Contiogat tibi mensium : Qui saevus nimium fratrem etiam tuum Jprilem rabie tua Infestas ; hilari nee facie sines Hue ad nos, uti convenit, Invitare decus nominis Aaglici. Quin tardare diu cupis Tempestate tua (pessime) principem Jaeobum decus Aaglicum. Obe ! quam nimium nostra moratus es Jamiam gaudia (pessime !) Heu quam serus adest ! Aaglia clamitat : Aspectuque beat suo Me, finesquemeos, presidium meum ! Mat. When, Pemhr. Since that to death is gone thai sacred deitie, That Phoenix rare, whom all were loath to leave; Since that to death k gone that splendent Maiestie, Whose splendor, none, not one can right perceke; But being dazeled as looking up too hie. Amazed standes to see such vertues die. Since that to death is gone thatRoyali maide, That Pellican, who for her people's good (O love, o vertue, which too soone doeth fade !) Stickt not to spill (alas) her owne deare blood : That marde, that Pellican, England's sole power Thus soone, too soone hath breath'd her latest hoare. 4H 2 604 THE HISTORY OF t Since that to death is gone that Princely dame Whilome to whose admired deitie Vesta, Minerva, Pallas, Venus came, Yeilding as captives to her maiestie ; Let's now poure forth our willing teares and cries, Since that so soone such rare perfection dies. Die they shall not, although that shee be dead, Her praises live inrolled and registred In Time's old vollumes, alwaies to be read Bereaved of life, but not of fame bereaved, O, peerelesse Prince, England's sole paragon, Thy praises live, although thy selfe be gone. .'i r Many there are like wolves, and mastie dogges, Who long chain'd up expected long this daie ; That then they might shake off their iron clogs, And with full mouth run on us as their praie ; Comfort fed Hope not long, nor Hope did Comfort taste Of Hope and Comfort, for they see their last For Phoebe gone, a Phcebus now doth shine, Mars' and Minerva's champion lets him call, England's strong shield, under whose sacred shrine England may shake, but neare is like to fall. Shine Phcebus stil, neare may thy vertuos lights Eclipsed be with blacke obscured nights. Reioyce, reioyce, ye dolefull ditties, peace; Let voice of sighes be turu'd to words of glee ; Lament no more, sighes, sobs, and sorrows cease, Phcebe farewel, farewell our teares with thee ; Farewell our light, by death bereaved of light, Farewell our might, by death destroi'd of might. Heneie Campion, Colleg. Emanuel.* * See Oxford and Cambridge Verses, published in 1603; and reprinted at the end of the 3d vol. of Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth. MERCHANT-TAYLORS 1 SCHOOL. 605 CHAPTER II. Of the principal Scholars during the Reigns of James I. and Charles I. containing the Space of Forty-Six Years. ON" the 11th of May, Edwin Sandys, who had resigned his prebend about a twelvemonth, had the honour of knighthood conferred upon him by the new king, who began to employ him in several affairs of great trust and moment.* His brother, Miles, likewise received the same honour at the same time.-f- On the 25th of July, Andre wes, as Dean of Westminster, assisted at the coronation of the king and queen.J And, on the 14th of August, Dove, Bishop of Peterborough, in consequence of letters which he received from his Majesty, preached a funeral sermon on the late Queen of Scots, the King's ill-fated mother, who had been interred in that cathedral soon after her execution in 1587-§ * Wood's Athenae, v. i. col. 541. f Edwin and Miles Sands were made knights by James, at his departure from the Charterhouse on the 11th of May.— See King James's Entertainment from Scotland to London in Nichols's Progresses, v. iii. p. 2&. t Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 162, and Stow's Annals, p. 827. § " The fourteenth of August, 1603, Sir William Dethicke, Garter Principall King 606* THE HISTORY OF But scarcely was James seated on the throne, when those who were puritanically inclined, presuming on his favour or con- nivance, began to forbear the use of the surplice and to omit the ceremonies of the church. Some of them, flattering themselves that these omissions might be acceptable to a prince educated in the Scotch kirk, calculated on his approbation of their zeal, and were very forward in proposing various innovations ; while others, anxious to avoid any appearance of disorder, proceeded more re- gularly by a petition to his Majesty for what they called a due and godly reformation. This petition the king resolved to have discussed in his presence. And, for this purpose, certain dele- gates, as representatives of the Church and Puritan party, were summoned to attend him at Hampton Court, when, after solemn conference, he determined to decide the dispute. Among the commissioners for the church were Dove, Bishop of Peterborough, and Aedrewes, Dean of Westminster. Dur- ing the controversy, his Majesty desired to be informed concern- ing the antiquity of the use of the cross. Dr. Reynolds, the leader of the petitioners, confessed this custom would reach to the times of the apostles, but that the. difficulty was to prove it anciently used in baptism. But the matter was sufficiently cleared by Anixrewes, who proved from Tertullian, Origen, St. Cyprian, of Armes, being sent ta Peterborough in Northamptonshire, with a rich pall of *elvetr* embroidered with the armes of the mighty Princesse Mary Queene of Scots, having letters directed to the Reverend Lord Bishoppe of Peterborough in that behalfe, which pall of velvet embroydered was by him solempnly carried and laid upon and over the corpes of the said late Queene, assisted by many knights and gentlemen, and much people at the time of divine service, and then the Lord Bishoppe pceached a sermon in that behalfe in the morning and made a great feast at dinner, and the Dean preached of the same in the afternoone. The said Queene of Scotland was royally and sumptuously enterred by the said Garter on the first of August m the yeere one thousand five hundred eightie seven." — Hmes's Chmmrfs, London, l6$l, merchastt-tayiors' §chool. 6o? and others, that the cross was used in immottali Lavacro* The conference ended on the 18th of January, 16Q4, after a sitting of three days, during which, the king declared, that, following the example of all Christian princes, who usually began their reians with the establishment of the church, he bad now, at his entering upon the throne, assembled them for the purpose of settling an uniform drder* removing dissentions, and reforming abuses, which were naturally incident to all politick bodies; but, that he per- ceived the exceptions takeh against the Book of Common Prayer were matters of mere weakness, and was resolved, if ahy persons showed themselves of a turbulent spirit after the bishops had en- deavoured, by fatherly admonitions^ to bring them to conformity* he would himself enforce obedience by his regal power.f About this time, Dr. John BuCkeridOe,;j; a kinsman of Sir Thomas While's, was Collated to the Archdeaconry of Northamp- ton, on the resignation of William BayJey.§ But not to lose Sight of the late Hampton Court conference, it is proper to ob-< serve, that thekiflg, in consequence of what fell out at that meet- ing* lost no tinie in setting forward a new translation of the Bible. On the 22d of Jefy, he wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury * Collier's Ecclesiastical history, V. ii. p. 67 1, and se^.. f ftapifi's History of England, vol. ii. p. i&i, % " John RpcicriA'GE, son of Witk Buckrrdge t , and Elizabeth, his wtfe, daughter of Tho. I&bletrhyte, of Baselden, son of John Kebtewhyte, (unole to Sir Thorn. Whyte, the founder of St. John's College), and he the son of Henry (some say John) Keble- whyte, of Fawley, Was born, as I conceive, at Draycof, near to Marlborough, in Wiltshire, educated in Merchant-Taylors' School, became scholar of the said coll. in k578y soon after fellow, and through the degrees in arts, doctor of divinity in the latter end of 1596; about whk?h time, he was chaplain to Dr. Whitgift, Archbishop of Canterbury. After he had left the university, I find him to have been first of all [ rector of NorthJFamhnd4tej_h3L^sex^f^war^k chaplain to Robert, E. of Essex, rector of North Kil worth, in Leicestershire, vicai-ofSt^Gjjg g's Chwch without Cripple , gate, London, &c." — Wood's Athena, v. i. col. 557. i § Le Neve's Fasti, p. 242. 608 THE HISTORY OF on the subject, and proceeded to appoint a grand committee of learned men, to the number of fifty-tour, for the performance of this great work, which was entered upon in the course of the spring.* Of these, five were Merchant-Taylors, namely, An- drewes, Tomson, Perin, Ravens, and Spenser; all of whom were fully competent to the ta§ks assigned them. But no one brought greater abilities to the work than Andrewes. He was master of at least fifteen learned and modern tongues ; and his knowledge of every thing material to the purpose, was no less extensive than his skill in languages.-f- As many, however, of these eminent scholars were either altoge- ther destitute of ecclesiastical preferment, or had received what was very far below their deserts, the king required the bishops and other patrons of benefices above the value of twenty pounds in his book, to give a preference to the translators, for whom he determined likewise to reserve the prebends in his own gift till they were all provided for. And shortly after, a canonry of Christ Church, Oxford, falling vacant, his Majesty, on the 24th of No- vember, bestowed it on Perin,;]: as a proof that he was not lay- ing a tax on other patrons which he was not disposed cheerfully to pay himself for the furtherance of so good a work. At the beginning of the year 1605, Gwinne, who had a few months before been admitted a candidate of the College of Phy- sicians of London,§ was made physician to the tower. In the month of August, King James and his Queen, with Prince Henry, and their courts, went to Oxford, where they arrived on the * The king's letter, the list of the translators, and the directions recommended to them, may be seen in Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 692, &c. f Stanhope's Preface to his Translation of Andrewes's Devotions. % He resigned his professorship in 1612, but retained his canonry till his death, which took place 9 May, 1615. — Le Neve's Fasti, p. 235. ,! . § On the 25 th of June, 1604. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 609 27th, and were entertained for three days with academical exer- cises of all kinds. When the cavalcade reached the gate of St. John's College, three young men, habited as weird sisters, ad- dressed the royal party in a short interlude.* And at Carfax, 1. Fatidicas olim fama et cecinisse sorores Imperium sine fine tuas, rex inclyte, Stirpis. Banquonem agnovit generosa loquabria Thanum ; Nee tibi> Banquo, tuis sed sceptra nepotibusillse Tmmortalibus immortalia vaticinatse : In saltum, ut lateas, dum Banquo recedis ab aula. Tres eadem pariter canimus tibi fata tuisque, Dum spectande tuis, e saltu accedis ad urbem; Teque salutamus : salve, cui Scotia servit ; 2. Anglia cui, salve. 3. Cui servit Hibernia, salve. 1 . Gallia cui titulos, terras dant caetera, salve. 2. Quern divisa prius colit una Britannia, salve. 3. Summe Monarcha Britannica, Hibernice, Gallice, salve. 1. Anna, parens regu in, soror, uxor, filia, ; salve. 2. Salve, Henrice haeres, princeps pulcherrime, salve. 3. Dux, Carole, et perbelle Polonice regule,' salve. 1. -Nee inetas fatis, nee tempora pon'imus istis; jQuin orbis regno, fama? sint terminus astra : ;,.;,>.. Canutum referas regno quadruple elarum ; Major avis, aequande tuis diademate solis. , m^'u', ,>, ., Nee ferimus caedes, nee bella, nee anxia corda ; > ■ Nee furor in nobis ; sed agehte calescimus illo Numine, quo Thomas Whitus per somnia motus, Londinensis eques, ,Musis haec tecta dicarit. Musis? Imo Deo, tutelarique Jpanni. Ille Deo charum et curam, prope prsetereuntem Ire salu latum, Christi precursor, ad asdem Christi pergentem, jussit. Dicta ergo salute Perge, tno aspectu sit Jaeta Academia, perge. This little interlude, which is thought to have suggested Macbeth to Shakespeare, was annexed to the play of Vertumnus, by Dr. Matthew Gwynne, 4to. 1607, (which was acted before the king by some of the students of St. John s on a sub- 4 1 010 THE HISTORY OF Pekijst, the Greek reader* delivered an excellent Greek oration from a pew or desk set up there for the purpose.* On the morning of the third day, which was the 29th of Au- gust, the two following questions on physical subjects were pits- posed for disputation. An Mores Nutricum a Vuerulis cum Lacte imbibantur ? Neg. Anfrequens Suffitus nicotiana ewotica sit sunis salutaris ? Neg. The respondent was Sir William Paddie, the king's phy- sician ; and the opponents, Dr. Ailesworth, Dr. Bust, Dr. Gwinne, and others. As James was a professed enemy to to- bacco, and had written against the use of it, the latter of these questions required no little address in the management of it. However, it gave the king an opportunity t)f expressing his own sentiments upon that subject ; which he did after the disputation was over.-f- In the evening of the same day, a Latin comedy was acted at Magdalen College, called Vertwmms, sive, Annus recurrens, which was written by Gwinne, who particularly exerted himself on this occasion, in consequence of the promotion which his Ma- jesty had lately been pleased to confer on him. The account given of this piece in Rex Platonicus is as follows : Sed a cana ad scenam properandum est, qua loco sutto principibtts a Johannensibus represent atur Annus recurrens, fabula socco comico, sed pede tragico, tragicis enim seriariis ad novitatem scripta, scena in formam zodiaci xxactissime efficta, et sole omnia dodecatemorii signa splendido artificio sequent day), and inserted by Mr. Malone in a note at the end of Macbeth, in his edition of Shakespeare, 1790, vol. iv. pp.438, 43.9.— See also Wake's Rex Platonicus, 3d Edit, printed at Oxford,- 1615, p. 27„ " Such (it has been said) were the lines, which, in the magical hand of Shake- speare, were expanded into one of the most exalted lessons of ambition that our language can boast of." — Gentleman's Magazine, vol. lxx. p. 604. * Wood's Annals, v. ii. p. 286. + Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 263. merchant-Taylors' school. 611 pertranseunte. Cujus decursu quatuor anni tempestates, quatuor atatis humana progressus, quatuor humor urn corporis varietates, et si qua uspiam sint varietates alia, aut fortunarum, aut ingeniorum,. aut amorum, aut ludorum, omnes delectabili harmonia in theatrum pro- ducts, et microcosmo represent at a, adolescente primum academico, aliarum deinde omnium conditionum varietatem experienie. Sed quid ego ista, quum ipsa jam e pralo emerserit festivissima comadia f In- capta est sole arietem ingrediente, finitu quum pisces solis igne coque- rentur. Digna quidem, qua toto vertente anno duraret ; sed ideo Zodiacum suum festinantius sol visits est transiisse, ut principibm multo istius diet tadio lassis quiescendi otium concederetur.* To this account may be added the character given of it by Stringer, one of the Esquire Bedells at Cambridge, who was scnC by the members of that university on purpose to be present at the performance and make a report how the whole went off. " That night (says he) about nine began their comedy, called Vertumnus, very well and learnedly penned by Dr. Gwinne. It was acted much better than either of the former, and chiefly by St. John's men."-f And yet, by the doctor's own account of this play, in his dedication to Prince Henry, it did not cost him much time in composing it. His words are these, Intra mensem proximum, et quasi agens aliud (nam interim ut regius ad Turrim medicus, effect, cooptarer) et ex re indies nato consilio, offudi potius, quam scripsi, hanc comadiam.% On the fourth and last day, the king, the * Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. <2,63. f Baker's MSS. | " Upon the evening of the first days entertainment, which was August the 27th, another Latin comedy had been acted, called, likewise, tfertumnus; but tbo' the title of both was the same, they were formed upon very different plans j as appears from the following passage in Rex Platonicus, under the acts of the first day. Locus sceua pr&stitutus erat aula Mdwhristidna. Ab ejusdem CoUegii alumnis, qui et coihurno tragico, et socco comico, principes semper habebantur, Vertumnus, comadia faceta, ad principes exhilarandos exhibetur. In qua tres Rivales Pomona amorem ambiunt, Choerilus poeta 4 i2 612 THE HISTORY OF prince, and the court went to the publick library, then newly re- stored by Sir Thomas Bodley, where his majesty spent at least an hour in the perusal of some books, and giving his opinion on them. From the library they passed to the divinity school, Bra-- senose, All Souls, and Magdalen. At all which colleges, they Avere received by the respective heads and fellows, with congra- tulatory speeches, and invitations to see their chapels, halls, and libraries. After dinner, the king- being about to take his depar- ture, the university assembled, and being admitted into his pre- sence, the junior proctor delivered a farewell speech. In reply to this his majesty expressed the satisfaction he had experienced in the entertainment he had met with, and promised to be a gra- cious sovereign to a university that had received him with so much duty and respect. The gownsmen were admitted to the honour of kissing his hand, and retired from his presence with strong: impressions of his great condescension.* Gwinne followed his royal master to town, and was shortly after admitted a fellow of the College of Physicians. -j- Andrewes, it may be remembered, had been in great esteem with the late queen, but was now in still greater repute with her successor. James gave him the preference to all other divines as a preacher, and as a mark of his royal approbation promoted vanus, Sylyanus bene potus, et Vertumnus. Hie multiformi illam fuco aucupatur, primo piscatorem, deinde aulicum, tertio militem induens, ut earn in amorem pelliciat ; sed Msce dolis voti rninime compos, postremo virum exuit, et mulier mulieremaggreditur, illuquemb Specie incredibiles amores sui apud Pomonam concitat ; quo facto, seipmm prodit, et Ver- tumnus ipse ipsa potitur Pomona. Who the author of this comedy was, I know not, nor whether it was ever printed; it was not, when Rex Platonicus came out."— Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 263. * Wood's Annals, v. ii. p. 286. t On the £2d of November.— Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 264. MERCHANT-TAYLORs' SCHOOL. 6lS him to the See of Chichester, and made him his Lord Almoner, in which office, a place of great trust, he behaved with singular fidelity,' disposing of his master's benevolence in the most proper manner, and not making those advantages to himself which he might perhaps have legally and fairly done.* But so sensible was this modest man of his insufficiency to undertake the office of a Bishop, to which he was consecrated on the 3d of November,*f- that he caused to be engraven about the episcopal seal these words of St. Paul j " Et ad hm ■ ■ § As the history of this conspiracy is so well known, I have not thought it neces- sary to dwell upon it in the narrative; but it may not be unseasonable to observe, that- the Jesuits defended the justice of the plot, and. honoured the men who were executed- with the title of Martyrs.— Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 173. 6l4 THE HISTORY OF succeeded Huchenson in the headship of St. John's* was, on the' 15th of April, installed one of th e Canonsj of Windsor in the room of Alexander Sou thake.* About the same time he was also pre- ferred to a canonry in the church of Hereford. And shortly after, his eminent abilities in the pulpit having brought him into great credit with the king, to whom he was chaplain, he was appointed, in conjunction with Andrewes Bishop of Chichester, and two other distinguished divines,-^- to preach before his majesty at Hampton Court, in the month of September, for the reduction of the two Melvils, and other Presbyterian Scots, to a right un- derstanding of the Church of England.^ In the performance of this important service, Buckeridge took for his text these words of the Apostle, " Let every soul," &c. Rom. xiii. I. In canvassing of which, he fell upon the point of the King's su- premacy in causes ecclesiastical ; which he handled (as the most * Le Neve's Fasti, p. 384. t Dr. Barlow, B. of Rochester, and Dr. John King, then Dean of Christ Church, Oxford. J In the interim, Christiern IV. King of Denmark, having come into England, on a visit to the Queen his sister, and the King, Andrewes preached a Latin sermon before the royal family, on the 5th of August, in the hall at Greenwich. The King of Denmark came to England on the 17th of July, and went back on the 14th of August. Andhewes's discourse was very judiciously composed in Latin like a Concio ad Clerum, as it is not probable his Danish majesty would have under- stood a word of it, had it been delivered in English. — See the Account of the Enter- tainment of the King of Denmark, subjoined to the 3d vol. of Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth. — No cost was spared on this occasion, to demonstrate the King's and Queen's affections for this Prince, and to show him the riches of the kingdom they had acquired. During his stay in England there was one continued, though various, scene of diversions, as plays, sights, entertainments, balls, mastpiewides, hunting, in a word, every thing that was thought proper to divert him. He was feasted f out days together, with all his attendants, by the Earl of Salisbury, at Theo- balds. — Hottewts GwtMU&tifm of.Stm, p. 885— -888^ and. Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 174. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. $15 Reverend Archbishop Spoiswood, who was present at the sermon, affirms in his Church History of Scotland)* both soundly and learnedly, to the satisfaction of all the hearers, except the Scotch ministers, who were grieved at hearing the Pope and Presbytery so often equalled in their opposition to sovereign princes.-f* As- drewes followed Buctceridge, and took some of the first verses of the 10th of Numbers for his text, " Make thee two trumpets of silver; of a whole piece shalt thou make them : that thou mayest use them for the calling of the assembly," &c. from which words he proved the authority of secular princes for con- vening synods and councils. The king had ordered these sermons, hoping that the controversy between the Hierarchy and the Kirk being thus learnedly managed, he might bring the Scotch out of their mistakes, or at least make them more tractable. But in this he was disappointed by the obstinacy and singularities of the two Melvils, Balfour, and Scot, who made shuffling and evasive an- swers to all the weighty questions which were put to them.| Meanwhile Thomas Hutton, who had formerly been a fellow of St. John s, Oxford, was engaged in a controversy with some puritanical ministers in Devon and Cornwall, in both of which counties he had parochial preferments, besides a prebendal stall in the Cathedral of Exeter. The object he had in view was to answer the reasons which had been given for refusal to subscribe to the book of Common Prayer, and to remove the exceptions which had been taken against the book of Communion, Homilies, and Ordination Services. And this he was no less able to do in publick conference, than in sermons from the pulpit or writings from the press.§ But to return to the university of Oxford. * Book 7, under the year 1606. f Wood's Atbenae, vol. i. cp]. 557. % Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 69J- § " Thomas Hutton, a Londoner born, was elected scholar of St. John's Coll. 616 THE HISTORY OF Laud, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, at this time a Bachelor of Divinity of St. John's College, having dropped some expressions in a sermon at St. Mary's, at which the Puritans took great offence, was threatened to be brought before Convocation. This happened in the month of October, and for many weeks afterwards Laud experienced no little persecution from his adver- saries, in whose opinion " it was a scandal for any person to be seen in his company, or to give him the usual compliment, or time of the day, as he passed the streets." But all these suffer- ings were compensated by the steady friendship of his fellow- collegian Sir Wihiam Paddie, who, having heard the sermon, from Merchant-Taylors'' School in 1584, aged 19, of which coll. he was afterwards made fellow. In 1591, he proceeded in arts, and about that time entring into the sacred function, he became a frequent preacher, Bac. of Divinity, afterwards Rector of North Lewe in Devonshire, Vicar of St. Kewe in Cor-nwal, and Prebendary of Exeter. His works are " An Answer to several Reasons for refusal to subscribe to the Book of Common Prayer, &c. Oxon, 1605, qu. answered by Anonymus, in a book entitled The removal of certain Imputations laid upon the Ministers of Devon and Cornwall by one Mr. T. H. fyc. printed 1606; qu. He also published " The second and last part of the answer to the reasons for refusal of subscription to the Book of Common Prayer, under the hands of certain Ministers of Dev. and Cornw. &c. Load. 1606, qu. " An Appendix, or compendious brief of all other Exceptions taken by. others, against the Book of Communion, Homilies, and Ordination, &c. Published with the second and last part before mentioned. " Answer to both at several times, returned them in public conference, and in di- vers sermons in the Cathedral of Exeter. Printed also with the said second and last part. After the publication of which, came out The second part of the Defence of the Ministers' Reasons far refusal of subscription and conformity: to the Book of Common Prayer, , against the several answers of Tho. Hutton, Bac. of Div. in his two Books against the Ministers of Devon and Cornwall, <5fc. printed in 1608, qu. Whether writ- ten by the before-mentioned Anon. I cannot tell. Another answer also was published against it by a nameless Author, entit. A Dispute upon the Question of Kneeling in the Act of receiving the Sacramental Bread and Wine. Printed 1608, qu."— Wood's Athena* vol, i. col. 624. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 617 waited on the Earl of Dorset, Chancellor of the university, and interested himself for the author, in a manner highly creditable to both.* It must not be forgotten that, in 1607, died Dr. John Rainolds, President of Corpus, who, notwithstanding his appearing for the Dissenters at the Hampton - Court Conference, was much respected for his learning, p^ety, and affability. At leisure times he delighted much to converse with young towardly scholars, communicating to them the fruits of his extensive * Wood gives us the following extract from aletter of the Earl of Dorset to Dr. Airay, the Vice-chancellor, on this business. — " And, because I may deal as clearly with you as you have done with me, 1 will let you know both the way and the matter that moved me to write these my letters unto you, which is this : Mr. D r . Paddie, (lately of St. John's Coll.) in the same day wherein my letter to you was dated, came unto me and informed me that a late sermon was made by one Mr. Lawde of Oxford, a verie excellent learned man (as he then termed him) and of very honest and good conversation, at which sermon (as he said) himself was present, and in his opinion heard nothing that might give any just cause of offence. Nevertheless, he said, that he was convented for the same before you once, and that it was purposed that he should be convented before you again on the Wednesday past of this week, which was within two dayes after his speech unto me. He said further, that some two or three very learned men about the court had seen and considered of his sermon, and had given approbation of the same. Finaljy, he conclude_d that he understood Mr. Lawd did mean, if yon did proceed against him, to appeal from you, the which he doubted would be a scandal to the university, and minister matter to the world to brute that we are there distracted, which he wished rather might be, that we are united. And, as upon this information of his, being my good friend, a man religious, learned, and one whom I love and trust, I yielded to his last motion, which was, that I would take the cause into my own hands, and call two or three learned divines, and so order and compound it as shall be thought fit : only in this I differed froni his desire, that I would rather move my Lord of Canterbury and the Bishop of London to joyne with me therein, than to call inferior divines unto me. But now having received this in- formation from yourself, who are the public Magistrate, and to whose declaration I ought to give much more faith than unto any private, and being one whom I both love and trust, I am fully resolved to remand the same cause to you again, leaving the whole course and proceedings therein to your judgement, learning, justice, &c."— Wood's Annals, v. ii. p. 289. 4 K 618 the history or reading, and encouraging them in their studies — a course of conduct which he pursued till a little before his death, when, unable to continue such good offices, he ordered his executors to disperse all his books, except some of the choicer sort reserved for his college and particular friends, among young students in the university. There was no house of learning in Oxford, in which some of the scholars did not partake of this literary bounty, as is evident from a catalogue still extant in the Ashmolean Museum. To Peter Lawson he bequeathed thirteen volumes, to Theophilus Tuer five, and to John Alder ten. They were all three young men of great promise, from whom the president and fellows expected much honour would redound to their society. But death deprived them of the first and last named within two years from this time : Tuer only survived, whose merits pro- cured him to be chaplain to that respectable knight, Sir Henry Lea, and afterwards to the Bishop of Rochester. Spenser, who had for some years beep a celebrated preacher, and was now chaplain to the king, was chosen to succeed Rainolds in the head- ship of Corpus.* Nor could the fellows of that respectable society have made a happier choice. Spenser, the friend and companion of Sandys, was reverenced by all good men for his knowledge, learning, and piety. His Majesty having, in his " Defence of the Rights of Kings/'f asserted the authority of Christian princes over causes and persons ecclesiastical, Cardinal Bellarmin, under the name of Matthew Tortus, attacked him with great vehemence and bitterness. On this the King employed Andrewes to answer the Cardinal, which he did with great spirit and judgment, in a piece entitled * Spenser had been admitted Fellow of Corpus on the 7th of May, 1579; and the year after he took the degree of M.A. — Wootfs Athena, vol. i. col. 394. .f Printed among his works, p. 427. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 619 Tortura Torti, &c* The substance of what the Bishop advances in his treatise, and with great strength of reason and evidence evinces, is, that Kings have power both to call synods and con- firm them ; and to do all other things, which* the Emperors here- tofore diligently performed, and which the Bishops of those times willingly acknowledged of right to belong to them. And the Bishoprick of Ely falling vacant in the course of the year 1609* his Majesty promoted Andrewes to it, as a reward for having vindicated his sovereignty against the virulent pens of his ene- mies. -f- In December died John Sansbury, Fellow of St. John's, Ox- ford, an eminent and ingenious Latin poet, who had frequently contributed to the innocent mirth of his fellow-collegians by the dramatick pieces which he had written for them to perform at this season of the year,;f according to the ancient usage of the * Andre wes's piece was entitled ' Tortura Torti : site, ad Matthai Torti Librum Responsio, qui nuper edit us contra Apologiam Serenissimi Potentissimique Principis Jacobi, Dei Gratia Magna Britannia, Francia, et Hibernia Regis, pro Juramento Fidelitatis,' i. e. Tortus put to the Torture: or, An Answer to Matthew Tortus's Book, lately pub- lished against the Apology for the Oath of Allegiance, written by the most serene and powerful Prince James, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland. It was printed at London, by Roger Barker, the King's printer, in 1609, in quarto, containing 402 pages, and dedicated to the King. Casaubon gives this book of Bishop Andrewes's the character of being written with great accuracy and diligence. — Biographia Britannica. f The writer of his life in the Biographia Britannica is incorrect in saying that he was consecrated 22d Sept. 1609, no consecration taking place at a translation from one See to another. % " JohnSandsbury was born in London, educated in Merchant-Taylors' School, became a scholar of St. John's Coll. in Midsummer Term, an. 1593, aged 17, took the degrees in arts, became Vicar of the church of S^Giles in thejiorth suburb of Oxon 1607, and the year after w^TTdmittedladi. of Divinity. He hath written Ilium in Italian, Oxonia ad Protectionem regis sui omnium optimifilia, pedisequa. Oxon* 1608, oct. In the said book are the arms of each'Coll. and verses under therm— 4 K2 620 THE HISTORY OF university, which, while it prohibited the performances of common stage players within its precincts, encouraged those of its own members.* Tragedies diverse, MS. acted several times by the scholars of the aforesaid Coll. in the common refectory in the time of Christmas. He was buried in the church of S'. Giles, before mentioned, in the month of Jan. in sixteen hundred and ten." — Wood's J thence, vol. i. col. 354. * " There is in the custody of the President of St. John's a MS. intitled ' A true and faithful relation of the rising and fall of Thomas Tookee, Prince of Alba For- tunata, Lord of St. John's, with the occurrents which happned throughout his whole dominion.' It begins, ' It happened in the year of our Lord 1607, the 31st of Oct. being All Saints' Eve, &c.' This book, which is in fol. contains verses, speeches, playes, Jfcc. as also the description of the. Christmas Prince of S. Joh. Coll. whom the juniors have annually, for the most part, elected from the first foundation of the col- lege: And, in the beginning of Qu. Elizabeth's reign, John Case, afterwards Doctor of Phys. and a noted philosopher, did with great credit undergo that office. When the said Tooker was elected Prince, he assumed these titles, viz. The most mag- nificent and renowned Thomas, by the favour of fortune, Prince of Alba Fortunata, Lord of S. John's, High Regent of the Hall, Duke of S. Giles, Marquess of Mag- dalens, Landgrave of the Grove, Count Palatine of the Cloysters, Chief Bayhve of Beaumont, High Ruler of Rome (a piece of land so called near to the end of the walk, called non ultra, on the north side of Oxon,) Master of the Mannour of Wal- ton, Governour of Glocester Green, sole Commander of all Titles, Tournaments, and Triumphs, Superintendent in all Solemnities whatsoever. And the custom was not only observed in that Coll. but in several other houses, particularly in Mert. Coll. where, from the first foundation, the fellows annually elected about S. Edmund's Day in November, a Christmas Lord, or Lord of Misrule, stiled in their registers, Rex Fabarum, and Rex regni fabarvm : which custome continued till the reformation of religion, and then that producing Purjtanisme, and Puritanisme Presbytery, the pro- fessors of it looked upon such laudable and ingenious customer as Popish, diabolical, and antichrislian." The Earl of Lejpester's sentiments, how.ever„ were not so rigid, as appears from the words in which he confirmed the statute, passed in convocation, against theatrical performances : " As I like and ,alpwe all thease statutes and articles iahove written ; and, namely, in the fivth article doe tbinke the prohibition of common st,age players verie requisite, so would i not .have it meant thereby that the .tragedies, cpmodies, and other shews of exercises of learning in that kind used to be «et forth by univer- MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 621 On the 1st of May, L610, John Rawlinson, late Fellow of St. John's, and now Prebendary of Sarum, a fluent and celebrated preacher, was elected Principal of St. Edmund's Hall, Oxford.* On the 26th of the same month, Sir Thomas Caesar, second son of that eminent physician, Caesar Dalmarius, and brother of Sir Julius Caesar, at this time Chancellor and Under Treasurer of the Exchequer, was made one of the Barons of that court.-f- And, about the same time, Spenser was appointed, by the King, one of the Fellows of Chelsea College, recently founded, at the in- stance of Dr. SutclifFe, Dean of Exeter, for the defence of the Established Church, by affording leisure and other conveniences to divines, who might be disposed to devote themselves to the study of polemical divinity, and the maintenance of the religion established by law, both against Popish and Protestant Dissen- ters..!. Not that James confined his care to the Church of England. — That of Scotland was likewise an object of anxious attention. With a laudable design of settling that church in a state of apostolical discipline, he ordered a general assembly to be held at Glasgow, to which he addressed a seasonable letter on Church Government. The resolutions of this synod were so satisfactory to the King, that he sent to Scotland for three churchmen, pos* sessed of every necessary qualification, to be consecrated Bishops at London. The persons pitched upon were John Spotswood, sitye men, should be forbedden, but accepting them as commendable and great fur- derances of learning, do wish them in any wise to be continued at set times and in- creased, and the youth of the university e by good meanes to be incouraged in the decent and frequent setting fourth of them. R. Leycesteb." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 239, and Wood's Annals, vol. ii. p. 222\ * Wood's History of Colleges and Halls, p. 665- + Bugdale's Origines Juridiciales, p. 102. J Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol.ii. p.-697- 622 THE HISTORY OI> Gavven Hamilton, and Andrew Lamb, who came to court about the middle of September. But to prevent the clergy in Scotland from imagining that by this measure their church was to be brought into subjection to the English hierarchy, it was settfeq* that neither the Archbishop of Canterbury nor his Grace of York should have any share in the consecration. His Majesty issued a commission to Andrew es Bishop of Ely, and three other Pre- lates, to proceed to the consecration of Spotswood to the Arch- bishoprick of Glasgow, of Hamilton to the Bishoprick of Gal- loway, and of Lamb to the See of Brichen, which was accordingly executed in the chapel of London House upon the 21st of Octo- ber. Between the commission and the solemnity, a difficulty was offered by Andrewes, who thought that these Scotch ministers ought first to be made Priests, as they had not been ordained by a Bishop. But this objection was removed by Bancroft, Arch- bishop of Canterbury, who cited some considerable precedents in the ancient church, from which it appeared that the episcopal character might be fully conveyed at a single consecration, and from which he argued that, the Scotch Bishops might be canoni- cally consecrated without passing through the inferior orders of Deacon and Priest. The anecdote serves to show the partiality of Andrewes to the general custom of the church. And that, it must be owned, will in all ordinary cases be found to be the ** more excellent way."* * " In case of necessity, or extraordinary merit, the customary methods were dis- pensed with, and the episcopal character conveyed at once> without going through the inferior orders. Thus, St. Ambrose and Nectarius,. two laymen, were consecrated Bishops, the first of Milan, and the other of Constantinople. Thus Eucherius, a monk, which is no more than a layman, was ordained Bishop of Lyons without passing through the preparatory stages of Sub-deacon, Deacon, or Priest. Thus, when, by the unexpected concurrence of the people, or by some other unusual acci- dent, Providence seemed to point at a particular person, the Apostles' ■canons gave leave to relax, and go off from the common rule."— Collier's Ecclesiastical History, v ii. p. 702. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 623 Soon afterwards, Fox wrote an elegant life of his father in Latin, to be prefixed to that laborious and popular work, entitled " .Acts and Monuments of Matters most special and memorable, happening in the Church."* The same attachment to the prin- ciples of the reformation, which had gained for the father the character of a confessor among his cotemporaries, distinguished the conduct of the son, who, as Secretary to her Majesty's Vice- Chamberlain, was called to move in a very different sphere — Neither the business nor the gaieties of a court could make him forget the religious impressions he had received from his parent or his master. Far different however was the course run by Nicholas Hill, formerly Fellow of St. John's, and which about this time ended in death in a foreign land. Conscious of possessing great and shining abilities, he affected to rise above the common mode of thinking and acting. This led him into many visionary schemes of philo- sophy and many eccentricities of behaviour. And to this we are to attribute his attachment to some profligate wits, who unfor- tunately admired his humour and flattered him in his conceit, * Samuel Fox was bom in the city of Norwich, December the thirty-first, 1560 and in 1576 became Demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, at which university he took the degrees of Master of Arts. In 1586, he had a lease of the manor annexed to the Prebend of Shipton settled on him by his father. Strype tells us that this was done upon Samuel's return home from his travels, which was about the end of June, as ap- pears from a j'ournarof his. Piers, indeed, Bishop of Sarum, had begged it of the Queen, and had actually obtained the grant of it for his domestic chaplain who was very shortly to marry his niece. But Fox made application in his father's name to Archbishop Whitgift, who immediately gave him a letter to the Bishop of Sarum, dated 14th July, on which the Bishop readily granted his request. Samuel Fox was steward to Sir Thomas Henege, Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen, and in 1589 married Mrs. Anne Leveson in the house of Sir Moyle Finch, of Eastwell in Kent. He lived on the manor belonging to the Prebend, where, on his birth day, 1590, his eldest daughter Anne was born. — Strype' s Life of Whitgift, b. iii. cap. 16, p. %55, and Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 233. 624 THE HISTORY OF Renouncing the rational religion in which he had been educated, he embraced the absurdities of the Epicurean System, and fell from folly to folly, till at last he lapsed into the faith of a church that claims to be infallible, as a resting place from his errours.* * " Nicholas Hill, a native of the city of London, was educated in grammatical in Merchant-Taylors' School, in academicals in St. John's Coll. of which he became scholar in 1587, and in that of his age 17. In 1592, he took a degree in arts, being then fellow of that house, left it before he proceeded in that faculty, and applying; himself to the study of the Lullian doctrine, became most eminent in it. About that time he was a great favourite of Edward, the poetical and prodigal Earl of Oxford, spent some time with him, while he consumed his estate beyond the sea and at home. After that Count's death, or rather before, he was taken into the retinue of that most noble and generous person Henry, Earl of Northumberland, with whom he continued for some time in great esteem. At length, being suspected to comply with certain traytors against King James I. fled beyond the seas, and there died. He hath written a book, entituled Philosophia Epicurea, Democritana, Theophrastica, proponta simpliciter, nonedocta. Par. 1601. Col. Allobr. 1619. oct. &c. dedicated to his little son Laurence Hill. With the last edit, and perhaps with others, is printed Angeli Politiani prakctio, cui tit. Panepistemon. He left behind him, in the hands of his widow, various matters under his own hand-writing, but nothing that I can learn, fit for the press. Among them are imperfect papers concerning the eternity, infinity, &c. of the world, and others of the essence of God, &c. Some of which coming into the hands of Wil- liam Backhouse, of Swallowfield in Berks, Esq. from the widow of the said Nich. Hill, living behind Bow Church in London, about 1636, various copies were taken of them, and Edm. Earl of Mulgrave, about that time having a copy, another was taken thence by one Dr. Joh. Everard, part of which I have seen under another hand. This is all, of truth, that I know of Nich. Hill, only, that his name is mentioned by Ben Jonson, (in his Epigrams, No. 1 34,) thus — " ■ those Atomi ridiculous Whereof old Democrite, and Hill Nicholis, One said, the other swore, the World consists. " There are several traditions going from man to man concerning this Nich. Hill, one of which is this, that, while he was secretary to the Earl of Oxford before-men- tioned, he, among other accompts, brought in this to him : — Item, for making a man ,£10, which he being required to explain to the Count, he said he had meerly out of charity given that sum to a poor man, who had several times told him, that ten pounds would make him a man. Another is this, which I had from Dr. Joseph MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 625 The year l6il opened with a great disappointment to the clergy. The See of Canterbury being vacant by the death of Bancroft, several of the Bishops in town met to consult about his successor. The great learning and piety of Andrewes gave him the pre- ference. Their lordships agreeing in his merit and fitness for that station, recommended him to the King, and believing his Majesty disposed to a concurrence, either retired to their dioceses, or too soon gave over their application. But the Earl of Dunbar, taking advantage of this oversight, put in strongly for Abbot Bishop of London, and procured him to be translated instead of Andrewes, much to the disadvantage of the Church.* Shortly after died the zealous Ralph Buckland, who, having been in early life drawn over to the Romish religion, had aban- doned his fortune, parents, and country, and gone to Rome to study divinity- He afterwards took orders, and returned to Eng- land as a missionary, in which character he lived above twenty Maynard, sometime Rector of Exeter Coll. {younger brother to Sir Joh. Maynard, Serjeant-at-law,) who had it from M. Rob. Heres, author of the book De Glebis, (an intimate acquaintance of Hill,) while he continued in Oxon in his last days, that is to say, that he was one of those learned men who lived with the Earl of Northum- berland, that he fell into a conspiracy with one Basset, (of Umberley in Devonshire, descend^ from Arthur Plantagenet, Viscount Lisle, a natural son of K. Edward IV.) who pretended some right to the crown. Upon which he was forced to fly into Hol- land, where he settled at Rotterdam, with his son Laurence, and practised physic. At length his said son dying there of the plague, did so much afflict him, that he went into an apothecary's shop, swallowed poison, and died in the place, &c. which by several is supposed to be about sixteen hundred and ten. But, Jeaving these reports to such that delight in them, and are apt to snap at any thing to please themselves, I shall only say that our Author Hill was a person of good parts, but humourous, that he had a peculiar and affected way, different from others in his writings, that he entertained fantastical notions in philosophy, and that he had lived most of his time in the Romish persuasion, so he died, but cannot be convinced that he should die the death- of a fool or madman." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 365. * Collier's Eccl. History, vol. ii. p. 703. 4l 6%6 THE HISTORY OF years, faithfully discharging the duties of his profession, and using his best endeavours to reconcile England and Scotland to the Papal See. There is every reason to think that he was sincere in his belief, and that the fervour of his, devotion would have done credit to any communion.* * " Ralph Buckiand, an Esquire's son, was born ofj and descended from, ari antient and genteel family of his name (living at West Harptre) in Somersetshire, became a Commoner of Magd. Coll. in Mich. Term, 1579, aged 15, or thereabouts; but,, before he took a degree, he went to London, and studied the municipal laws for some time. At length, being inflamed with a love to the Roman Catholic religion, he left his parents, country, and the prospect of a fair inheritance, (for he was the first heir to his father,), and went forthwith (by the instigation without doubt of some priest) to the English college at Rheimes, in which place, and at Rome, he spent about 7 years in the eager obtaining of knowledge in philosophy and divinity. Afterwards being made Priest,, and sent into the mission of England, lived -chiefly, I presume, in his own country, and spent above 20 years in doing, offices belonging to his pror fession. The thihgs that he hath written and published are these, Seven Sparks of the enkindled Soul. -\ Drawn out of the Holy Four Lamentations, which, composed in the hard / Scriptures, after the Form times of Queen Elizabeth, may be used at all times, / f p sa ]ms. Printed in when the Church happeneth to be extreamly per- V twelves, secuted. J " In the title, or end, of these two little things (with which was printed'.// Jesus Psalter, but by whom written or published it appears not) there is no place or time mentioned, where or when they were printed, neither is the Epistle dedicatory to his mother B.B. dated. However, that they were printed after King James I. came to the crown of England, appears in the first Psalm, p. 12, thus: By the hand of thy great servant James, shake off our yoalte : that we may find him an honourable com- forter, — beautify him with a name, more precious than his crown : by the true name of a good king, &e. A copy of the said two little things, which contain ejaculations very full of most fervent devotion for the reconcilement of England and Scotland to the Rom. Church, coming afterwards into the hands of the most learned Dr. Usher, Primate of Ireland; he took occasion in a(f) Sermon, preached in St. Mary's Church in Oxon, 5 Nov. 1640, to tell the learned auditory, then present, that the said two books having been printed at Rome in 1603* or thereabouts, the Gunpowder Treason, <1) MS. in bib. Tho. Marshall nuper Rect. Coll. Lin» MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 62? On the 9th of June, Tom son, who, at the command of James I. had translated the Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, and Apocalypse, -which was discovered two years after In England, was then there known, and prayers -sent up to God Almighty for a prosperous success thereof, from -certain passages therein (drawn, as 'tis said in the title, out of the Holy Scrijjtures) which he then pub Jicly read before them, some, if not all, of which are these : Psal. ii. p. 25. Confirm their hearts in hope : for the redemption is not far off. The year of visitation draweth to an end : and jubilation is at hand. Ps. ii. p. 32. But the memory of novelties shall perish with a crack : as a ruinous house falling to the ground. Ibid. p. 33. He will .come as a flame that burnetii out beyond the furnace, fyc. His fury shall fy forth as thunders. Ps. iv. p. 54. The crack was heard into all lands ; and made nations quake for fear. Ibid. p. 66. In a moment canst thou crush her bones, fyc. All which passages, delivered from the pulpit, by that learned and godly archbishop, being then generally believed, I must make bold to tell the reader, being an eager pursuer of truth, that by the several copies of the said books which 1 have seen, it doth not appear at all, that they were printed at Rome, or where else : and if it may really be guessed by the make or mould of the letter, wherewith they were printed, I should rather take them (as one or more doctors of this university do the like) to have been printed, either at Rheimes or Doway, or not unlikely at Antwerp ; for at Rome there were seldom before that time, then, or since, such fine or clear letters used, as, by multi- tudes of books, which I have seen, that were printed at that place, appears, nor indeed ever were, or are any English books printed there. — Our author Buckland hath alsa written, " An Embassage from Heaven, wherein our Lord Christ giveth to understand his indignation against all such, as being Catholicly minded, dare yield their presence to ihe rites and public prayers of the malignant Church. — Printed in octavo,, bat where or when, it appears not, either in the beginning, or end, of the said book. He also translated from Lat. into English a book, entitled De persecutione Vandelica, lib. a, written by Victor, Bishop of Biserte., or Benserte, in Africa. Which Bishop was ia great renown, according to Bellarmine, A.D. 490. Also the six tomes of Laur. Surius, entitled De Vitis Sanctorum. Which translation I have seen often quoted under the name of Robert (instead of Ralph) Buckland. What else our zealous author hath ^written and translated, I find not as yet, nor any thing Ud*li fittD- * Howe's Chronicle* Lond. 1631. p. 1002. t Wood's Annals, v. ii. p. 312,. (VoO the history op c omo to England about the middle of October. The beginning of the year 1613, was wholly spent in preparations for the wedd- ing, which was solemnized on the 14th of February. And early in the spring, the Elector prepared to take his departure with his consort;* but before they embarked Andrewes preached a ser- mon in Latin before them and his Majesty, on the 15th of April, in the hall at Greenwich. This popular match was followed, in the course of a few months, by the famous case of divorce betwixt the Lady Francis Howard, daughter of the Earl of Suffolk, and Robert Earl of Essex. — Upon the Countess's petition, praying that her marriage might be annulled, the King referred the affair to a Court of Delegates, consisting of six bishops, two privy counsellors learned in the law, and four civilians, who were authorized to try the cause. All the commissioners were men of unexceptionable character, and the process perfectly regular. But when the Court proceeded to pro- nounce sentence, they were found remarkably divided. Of the laymen three declared for the divorce and three against it, but of the bishops four were for it and only two against it, and sen- tence was pronounced accordingly. Among the delegates who determined in the lady's behalf were Andrewes and Buck> eridge. And so highly did the King approve of this decision, that, when the Archbishop of Canterbury, under the influence of Puritanical principles, published his reasons for dissenting from what was done, his Majesty took the pains to answer his Grace's arguments, and to maintain the justice of the sentence which had been pronounced .-f- On the 3d of April, 1614, died Dr. Spenser, the President of Corpus-Christi College, Oxford. At the time of his death he left * Rapiri's History of England, vol. ii. p. 182. + Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 707, and Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 182. merchant-Taylors' school. 631 .several pieces fit for the press.* But he is chiefly to be remembered, for having, in concert with George Cranmer,-f- contributed much valuable assistance to Hooker, in his great work of Ecclesiastical Polity. But Buckeridge still survived, and this year published his learned and laborious work, entitled ' De Potestate Papa in Rebus temporalibus, sive in Regibus deponendis usurpata;, adversus Robertum Cardinalem Bellarminurn. Lib. 2. In quibus respondettir author ibas, Scripturis, Rationibus, Exemplis contra Gul. Barclaium allatis.' In which book he so shook, the Papal monarchy, and its superiority over kings and princes, that none of the learned men of that party ever undertook a reply to it.J And not to pass over * " Among which was a sermon, published by Hamlett Marshall his curate,, bear- ing this title, ' A learned and godly Sermon at Paul's Cross, on Isaiah, v. 2, 3. Lond. 1615/ qu. But this is not all that he is to be remembered for; for, for several years before his death, he took extraordinary pains, together with a most judicious and compleat divine, named R. Hooker, before mentioned, about the compiling of a learned and profitable work, which he published, (I mean some of the books of Ecclesiastical Polity), yet would not he be moved to put his name to, tho' he had a special hand in it, and therefore it fell out that tulit alter honores. Our author, Spenser, also did, about four years after Hooker's death, publish the five books of Ecclesiastical Polity, together in one volume, with an epistle before them, subscribed by J. S. and reprinted at London, with some of his smaller works, (which had been before published) by Hen. Jackson, an. 1622, fol. He, the said D. Spenser, gave way to fate 3d Apr. 1614, and was buried in Corp. Ch. Chapel. Over his grave is a fair monument, with his bust, and an inscription; a copy of which you may read in Histor. et Antiq. Univers. Oxon. lib. 2. p. 244. b. His picture is painted on the wall of the school-gallery in Oxon, among our eminent English divines. One D. Spenser, of Westm~r,. was appointed* by K. James I. Anno 1604, to be one of the translators of the New Testament. Quaere, Whether the same."— WoocCs Athena;, vol. i. p. 394. f See Wood's Athena?, v. 1.. col. 305.. + This book was printed at London, in large 4to. In reference to which Godwin says, '♦ Johannem itaque Roffensem habemus, quern Johanni Roffensi opponamus, Fishero Buckridgium, cujus argumenti (si quid ego video) ni, a milk quidem Fisheris unquam zespondibitur."—in Comment de Prasulib. Anglia. in Episc. Eoff. 0'3'2 THE HISTORY OF the transactions of the other University, it may be recorded, that- Mathew Wren, whom I have already mentioned as having been taken notice of, while at school, by BishOp Andrewes, and who was now Fellow of Pembroke Hall, kept the Philosophy Act at Cambridge, this year, with great applause before the king.* In the year 1616, Andrewes, who had already been made one of his Majesty's Privy Council for England, was raised to the same dignity for Scotland, previous to his setting out with the King for that country. And when James in the following year, honoured the University of Cambridge a second time with his presence, Andrewes, who attended his Majesty at the Philosophy Act, sent at his departure, to four of the disputants, forty pieces of * He was descended of a very ancient family, which came originally from Den- mark, and was eldest son of Francis Wren, citizen and mercer of London, where he was born in the parish of St. Peter's Cheap, December 23, 1585, and baptized 2d of January following. His father, Francis Wren, was the only son of Cuthbert Wren, of Monks Kirby in Warwickshire, second son of William Wren, of Sherbourae- House and of Billy-Hall in the Bishoprick of Durham ; but the chief seat of the family was at Binchester in that county, which, having been a Roman station, might, not improbably, inspire our Mathew with a love for antiquities ; for he was a true antiquary, and might be traced by his collections wherever he came, at Pembroke- Hall, at Peter-House, at Windsor, and at Ely. His first and great patron, Andrewes, being made master of Pembroke, procured him to be admitted there 23d of June, 1601, only twelve days after the disappointment he had experienced at Merchant- Taylors'. Encouraged and assisted in his studies by the same firm and judicious friend, he made a suitable proficiency, and distinguishing himself in all kinds of learning, he was chosen Greek scholar in his college, and taking his degree of Bachelor of Arts, was elected Fellow Nov. 9, 1605. — He commenced Master of Arts July 2, \G08. Having applied himself to the study of divinity, he was very desirous to enter into the church, and accordingly was ordained Deacon January 20, 16 10, and Priest Fe- bruary 10 following. He was elected Senior Regent-Master on the 12th of October, l6ll, and, in 1615, was appointed chaplain to Bishop Andrewes, and was presented the same year to the rectory of Tjy£rshjinjn_Cjiribridgeshire. — See his Diary, printed in the Appendix to his Life in Parentalia, and Extracts from Mr, Atwood's Memoirs (Aid. Pemb. Soe.) relating to Bp. Wren. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 68$ gold, of two and twenty shillings a-piece, to be divided equally among them.* Andrew es had now sat nine years in the See of Ely, when, on the 18th of February, 16*18, he was advanced to the Bishoprick of Winchester, and Deanery of the King's Chapel.f Nor was ever a happier choice of a prelate to offices connected with the court. He was a man of polite manners and lively conversation, could c(uote the Greek and Latin authors with facility, and would occasionally pun with his Royal Master. But, at the same time, so great was the veneration and awe which James had for him, that in his presence he refrained from much of that levity in which he used to indulge himself..]: At this time the Puritan party had excited a controversy about kneeling at the Lord's Supper. But this was easily and success- fully managed by Btjckeridge, who, in a sermon preached at * Isaacson's Life of Bishop Andrewes. f Le Neve's Fasti Eccles. Ang. p. 267.— There is a pleasant story related of him, while he was Bishop of Winchester. Waller, the poet, going to see the King at dinner, overheard a very extraordinary conversation between his Majesty and two Prelates, Andre wes and Neale, (Bishop of Durham) who were standing behind the King's chair. His Majesty asked the Bishops ? My Lords, cannot I take my subjects money when I want it, without all this formality in Parliament? The Bishop of Durham readily answered : God forbid, Sir, but you should; you are the breath of our nostrils. Where- upon the King turned, and said to the Bishop of Winchester : Well, my Lord, what say you ? Sir, replied the Bishop, J have no skill to judge of parliamentary cases. The King answered : No put-offs, my Lord ; answer me presently. Then, Sir, said he, I think it lawful for you to take my brother Neale's money, for he offers it. Waller said the company was pleased with this answer, . and the wit of it seemed to affect the King. For a certain Lord coming in soon after, his Majesty cried out, O, my Lord, they say you LIG with my Lady, No, Sir, says his Lordship, in confusion ; but I like her com- pany, because she has so much wit. Why then, says the King, do not you LIG with my Lord of Winchester there ? — Life of Waller, prefixed to his Works. % Fuller's- Church History, b. xi. § 46.— —Wilson's Memorabilia Cantabrigiae, page 29. 4 M 634 THE HISTORY OF White-Hall on the 22d of March on Ps. xcv. 6. and in a discourse printed with it, asserted the general duty of kneeling in the wor- ship of God, and the antiquity of that posture at the Gommunion. Nor were any of the party bold enough to oppose his reasons or authorities.* On the 7th of December, Francis Dee, who had been edu- cated at St. John's Cambridge, and was now a London incum- bent, was collated to the Chancellorship of the Church of Sarum.-f* He was descended from the great Bedo Dee, Standard-Bearer to Lord De Ferrars at the battle of Tournay. But his best claim to honourable mention in these pages is founded on his subsequent benefaction to the school. On the 7th of April, 1619, Christopher Wren, Fellow of St. John's, (and younger brother to Mathew Wren, Fellow of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge,) was elected Senior Proctor of the University of Oxford 4 On the 9th of the following month, Dr. Rowland Searchfield, who had formerly served that office, was, to the great satisfaction of his college, consecrated Bishop of Bristol upon the translation of Dr. Nicholas Felton to Ely.§ And, toward the latter end of the year, Michael Boyle, late Fellow of St. John's, a person of great learning and prudence, who had, a few years before, gone into Ireland, and been made Dean of Lismore, was consecrated Bishop of Waterford and Lis- * Wood's Athense, vol. i. col. 557. f Le Neve's Fasti, p. 269. J Wood's Fasti, vol. i. col. 212. § " Rowland Searchfield, a Londoner born, was educated in grammar learning in Merchant-Taylors' School, admitted scholar of St. John's Coll. in 1582, aged j7 years, or thereabouts. Afterwards he was made Fellow of that house, Proctor of the Uni- versity, Doct. of Div. and successively Vicar of Emley in Northamptonshire, Rector of Bowthorp, in Gloucestershire, Vicar o f Cherlbur y in, and Justice of the Peace of, Oxfordshire," &c. — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 726, merchant-Taylors' school. 635 more,* two plundered Sees which had been thrown together to make a tolerable subsistence for a bishop.-)- This year George Hunt, (the son of John Hunt, an early Reformer, who had been a confessor under the bloody Mary,)J whose only patrimony had been a bible, and who had been in- debted for his education at Merchant-Taylors', and subsequent success at Magdalen College, Oxford, to the benevolence of the family of Kingsmills in Hampshire, had the gratification of re- ceiving from his son-in-law a dedication, in which he returned his acknowledgments to him for " a good yoke fellow, a most excel- lent and virtuous wife."§ The practical tendency of the sacred * " Michael Boyle was a Londoner born, son, if I mistake not, of Michael Boyle, of St. Mary Magdalen's parish in Milk-Street, (who died in the latter end of 1596,) and nearly related to the Boyles of Kentish-Town in Middlesex; was educated in Merchant-Taylors' School, became scholar of St. John's College in 1593, aged 18 years, took the degrees in arts, holy orders, and was made vicar of Finden in North- amptonshire. In 1611, he proceeded in divinity, and three years after, resigning his vicarage, he went into Ireland." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 738. •f " The Puritan party had for some time gotten great footing in this kingdom, (Ireland,) the late reign proved but unfortunate for that church. Here the Lay- Managers, to enrich themselves, struck in with the Non-conformists against the hierarchy. The revenues of the prelates and cathedrals were set to sale, and the ravage was carried on to so great a calamity, that some Sees had nothing towards a competency left to maintain a Bishop. For which reason several dioceses were tbrown together to make a tolerable subsistence." — Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 708. % See Fox's Acts and Monuments Edit. fol. London, 1583, p. 2054. § As the dedication alluded to contains some very interesting particulars, and the sermon, to which it is prefixed, is very rare, I subjoin the whole of it for the gratifi- cation of my readers. " To his verie loving and much esteemed Father-in-law, Master Geoege Hunt, Pastor of Coliingburne Ducis in Wiltshire, all happinesse be multiplied. « Sir,— Having preached a wedding-sermon some tenne or eleven yeares since, and delivered a copie thereof unto a friend, I found it the last yeare published without my privity. Hence I was occasioned to peruse cersaine larger notes, which I had 4m 2 ' 636 THE HISTORY OF volume, which had been the companion of one generation in prison and of another at school, was now displaying itself in a lying by mee, of that subject. Now, seeing custome hath brought this inkie and paperie thankfulnesse into practise, the very subject of this treatise invited mee to make tender of it unto yourselfe, to whom the Lord hath made me beholding for the greatest of all outward benefits, a good yoke-fellow, and a most contentfuil and peace- full living in matrimony. Wherefore, in this Epistle Dedicatory, let me take leave (without the envie of any) to put you in remembrance of that great happioesse, which God hath bestowed upon you, in that you are the sonne of a father, whom onJy the death of his persecutors and of Queene Marie (whose authoritie they abused in persecuting) did hinder from being crowned with the most honourable crowne of martyrdome, and whom nothing could hinder from becoming a blessed confessor, imprisoned, condemned to be burnt, and prepared for the fier> in testimony of the truth of God ; but that the Sherifes' gentlenesse, in refusing to become an executioner, did prevent the fulfilling of the Chauncellor's sentence, as myselfe have often heard you relate, (who were then of age to know the sufferings of your father, though not to consider the cause thereof,) and as Master Fox hath set doune in his bookes of Acts and Monuments, in the story of Richard White and John Hunt, which John Hunt was your father. Since that time the Lord of Heaven hath abundantly fulfilled his promise to your father, whose poverty (by reason of the taking away of all his goods, and long imprisonment in Qu. Marie's daies) was such,, that at his death- he had nothing in the world to bequeath unto you but his bible,-?-a most fit legacie for a confessor to his only son. But God, that never forgetteth to shew mercy and truth, did quickly raise you up most kind and true friends, (three brethren of the worshipfull family of Kingsmils in Hampshire, Master Roger, Master John, and Master George Kingsmil,* if I forget not their names, as I have heard you thankfully recording them,) who did presently upon your father's death, of their own free will, and by their own. labour and cost, procure your training up in Merchant-Taylors' Schoole in London ; and after maintained you in the famous colledge of Magdalens in Oxford, till they had procured you by their favour, first, a. Demies place, and after a Fellowes place in that, worthy fqundation.r^-And lastly, ceased not till one of. them had bestowed upon you that living, where you now have lived for the space of 40 yeares, doing such good service to God and his church in the work of the minislery, as that allthose who feare God, (whose testimony alone is worthy to be regarded,) do speak lovingly and respect- fully of you, and your self enjoy the blessednes of a middle state, (better than a monarchy,) where you have neither bin sated with too much, nor scanted with too little, but have found that golden mediocritie, which the wise man prayed for, and, which those that have, and have with all (as you have had) wisdome enough to be MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 637 third in the retirement of a country parsonage.— May Protestants never be insensible of the true value and true use of a book, content with it, do only know what it means to live happily in this world. Now, I blesse God, that unwittingly directed my choise to the house and linage of a martyr in desire, a confessor in act ; knowing, that these titles, (if we were not earthly minded, do farre exceed those of barons, lords, knights, and doe derive a truer nobilitie and honor, and more excellent profit and benefit to their issue, than any of those which the doting world (that sees alone with the eye of sense) doth more applaud and ad- mire. Now, therefore, also I send these few lines unto you, by way of thanks ; for, having educated for me, and bestowed upon me a most excellent and vertuons wife, whose price Solomon (who was wise enough to know the due worth of all things) doth far prefer to all the richest pearles and jewels in the world. And this have I so much the rather done, because I have bin better able to shew what a good wife should do, by finding the full dutie of a wife, in as exact compleatnesse, as mortalitie can affoord, daily and continually performed unto me in mine owne house; most easily therefore might I set out a picture of that which is hourly conversant before mine eyes. Now the Lord of Heaven blesse you with a prosperous and happy age, and remember his promise, of shewing mercy to thousands of them that love him, and keepe his commandement, in such a degree chiefly, as to be ready to give their lives to the flaming fier, rather than consent to the practise of Romish idolatric. And so with all the heartiest acknowledgements of my debt unto you, that an epistle may deliver, I most kindly take leave, resting ever your sonne-in-law,. to be in all things commanded as your naturall sonne, WILLIAM WHATELEY." But, before I dismiss Hunt's dutiful son-in-law, I must mention an anecdote re~. specting the sermon to which the dedication in question was prefixed. " In this sermon (says Wood) were noted by curious readers, two propositions, as first, — That committing the sin of adultery, by either of the married persons, doth dissolve, annihilate, and untye the bond and knot of marriage. Secondly, — That the malicious and wilful desertion of either of the married persons, doth in like manner, dissolve, &c. These, I say,, being noted and complained of to the Archb. he was convened before the High Commission to make satisfaction for what he had said and written. But he ingenuously confessing that he could not make any satisfactory* answer, recanted the 4*h of May, 1621, and was forthwith dismissed." — Wood's Athena, yol. i. col. 621. And, therefore, it was not without surprize that I read the erroneous.. position in a subsequent edition, published in l62S, till I came to " An Advertise- ment of the Author to. the Reader," at the end of the book, which concludes wkh 638 THE H1ST0KY OF which the good and virtuous of former ages prized above all others, as containing a system of ethics calculated to assist us in discharging every part of that social duty, without the perform- ance of which the correctest faith will avail us nothing in the divine sight ! But, to return from what some of my readers may consider a digression. On the 7th of April, 1620, Paddie and Gwinne,* these words : " Upon consideration of these reasons, I am forced to acknowlege the former opinions to be false, and therefore had given order to leave them out in the re-printing of this Treatise, and had for that purpose sent a paper to the printer, wherein they were corrected ; but he, losing my paper, printed them as they be, not sending me word thereof, till it was already done; wherefore I was willing to give thee this ad verti semen t, which may serve better to keepe thee from mistaking with me, then if the former points had beene onely left out, or altered. So I commit thee to God, whom I pray to give us a right understanding in all things. Fare- well, From him that had rather confesse his Septemb. 4. 1()2S. owne error, then make thee erre for company. WILL WHATELY." One other notice of Hunt occurs in the Life of Whately prefixed to his post- humous work, entitled ' Prototypes.' " This Master George Hunt (says the wri- ter) was bred up in the famous free schoole of the Merchant-Taylors' in London, and afterward by the incouragement of Master D. Humfry, (by occasion of a visit of that schoole,) and by the furtherance of Mr. George and Mr. John Kingsmells, and by the exhibitions of Bishop Pilkington (all which for their honour sake I name) he was called unto, and mainetained in that worthy foundation of good learning, Magdalen College in Oxford, till hee was fellow of that house, where he continued till hee had borne the offices of Deane of Arts and Deane of Divinitye. Afterwards> by the meanes of those worthy Masters Kingsmells, hee was preferred to the Church of Collingbourne Ducis in the county of Wilts. Where, for the space of fifty and one yeares and five moneths, he lived a sound and constant preacher of the word, and was of an unblameable and holy life, even untill the oyle of his radical! moysture was spent, and the candle of his life of it selfe went out, in a full and good old age, after a long and joyous expectation, and longing for his blessed change, which was in the eighty and third yeare arid fift moneth of his age." * He had quitted his professorship at Gresham College in September, 1607, pro- bably on his marriage. — Ward's Lives of the Professors, p. 264. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 639 (who practised physick at London, and were much esteemed both in the city and at court,) were appointed, with five others, by his Majesty, commissioners for garbling tobacco ; arid a power was granted to any five or more of them (one of whom was to be a physician, another a merchant, a third a grocer, and a fourth an apothecary) to draw up orders and directions in writing for garb- ling and distinguishing that commodity, before it was exposed to sale.* In Trinity Term, James Whitelocke, who, on quitting his Fellowship at St. John's Oxford, had settled in the Middle Tem- plej and had become summer reader of that house, was created serjeant, chosen member of Parliament for Woodstock, knighted, and appointed Chi ef Justice oj ^Chester.-f' And, in Michaelmas Term, his son, Bulstrode Whitelocke,:}; was admitted a gen- tleman-commoner of the same college. The young man was prin- cipally recommended to the care and oversight of his father's cotemporary and intimate friend Dr. Laud, then President of that house, who showed him many kindnesses. In return for which, when Laud was many years after to be brought to trial, White- locke refused to act in the committee appointed by Parliament to draw up the charge against him.§ * " The commission may be seen in Rymer's Fadera, torn. xvii. p. 190. •f This Sir James Whitelocke was born in London, 28th Nov. 1570, descended from those of his name, living near Okingham in Berkshire, educated at Merchant- Taylors' School, elected scholar of St. John's College, Oxon, in 1588, and took the degree of Bachelor of Law, July 1, 1594. — See Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 572, and Fasti, vol. i. col 48, and Dugdale's Chronica Juridicialia. % " Bulstrode Whitelocke, an eminent lawyer, was the son of Sir James Whitelocke, Knt. by Elizabeth his wife, Daughter of Edward Bulstrode, of Hugeley, or Hedgeley-Bulstrode, in the county of Buckingham, Esq. He was born 6th August, 1605, in Fleet-Street, London, in the house of Sir George Croke, his mother's uncle, afterwards one of the Justices of the Common Pleas." — Biographia Britannica, Art. Whitelocke. |. " Of this Committee (says Whitelocke himself) I was one, and particularly 640 ■ ■„ TlfJJ: HISTORY OF Cheistophee Ween, who had served the Proctorship of Qx* ford last year, having taken orders and the degree of Bachelornn divinity, was this year made domestick Chaplain to Bishop An- DEEWES.* ,, ,. Hitherto Sir Edwin Sandys had conducted himself in Par- liament, to the perfect satisfaction, both of the King and the people.-f* During a constant attendance on the business of the house, he was esteemed an excellent patriot, faithful to h[s country- without being false to his Prince. But, having used too great liberty of speech in the Parliament, which was held in 1621, he was, together with Selden, committed on the 16th of June that year to the custody of the Sheriff of London, from which he was not released till the 18th of July. This commitment excited the resentment of the Commons, who looked upon it as a great breach of their privileges that any of their body should be imprisoned ; summoned to attend that business, which I declined, and gave my reasons to Mr. Miles Corbett, the Chairman of that Committee, why it was not fit for me to appear in it, against one to whom I had been beholden for my education. This would not satisfy Mr. Corbett, but still he pressed me and sent for me to come and attend the Committee, but I absolutely refused it. This so displeased Mr. Corbett, that he acquainted the house with my neglect, and moved them earnestly, that I might be required by their order to attend the service of that Committee, and to be one of those that should manage the evidence against the Archbishop. This was moved when I was in the house, and upon this alarm I held it fit for me to make my apology, and endeavour to be discharged from that employment, by urging that the Arch- bishop did me the favour to take a special care of my breeding at St. John's College in Oxford, and that it would be disingenuous and ungrateful for me to be personally instrumental to take away his life, who was so instrumental for the bettering of mine. Upon which the house discharged me from this employment." — Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 75. * Andre wes afterwards gave him the living of East Knoyle in Wiltshire, to which he was instituted and inducted in 1623. + " He was very dextrous in any great employment, kept as constant time in all parliaments as he that held the chair did," 8cc. — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 541. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 641 and to such a length was the dispute carried in the House, on the 8th of November, that Sir George Calvert, Secretary of State, was obliged to protest before them that neither Sandys nor Sel- den had been imprisoned for any parliamentary matter. And, with this apology from the Minister, the tumult subsided.* ; In the course of the Summer, Archbishop Abbot, being invited by the Lord Zouch to a buck hunting in his park at Bramshill, in Hampshire, met with a very calamitous accident. For, as he was shooting at a deer with a cross-bow, the keeper coming up- unwarily too forward, was struck with the arrow under the left arm, and died in about an hour after. But some persons, either from weakness or maliciousness, deeming Abbot incapable of per- forming any longer the functions of a Bishop, the King directed a letter to Andrewes of Winchester, Buckeridge of Rochester, and eight other commissioners, requiring them to take the case into their consideration, and report their opinion thereon. And, in consequence of the answer which they returned, the King, on the 22d of November, granted the Archbishop a pardon, and shortly after a dispensation to prevent exceptions to his cha- racter.-}- On the 29th of November, William Juxon, Fellow of St. John's Oxford, was elected President of that college upon the resignation of Dr. William Laud, newly promoted to the Bishop- rick of St. David's. And, on the 12th of December, he took the degree of Doctor of Laws.:]: * Wood's Athena?, vol. i. col. 541. f Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 720 ; Hacket, p. 65 ; and Rymer's Faedera, torn. xvii. p. 337. J William Jux6n, or Juxton, was the son of Richard Juxon, of Chichester, in Sussex, who was the son of John Juxon, of London. William was horn at Chiches- ter in the year 1582, received his education at Merchant-Taylors', and from thence was elected Fellow' of St. John's College at Oxford in 1598, where, applying himself: 4 N is, the part which Bishop And re we s sustained in censuring the seditious preaching of one William Knight, of Broa.dgat&. Hatty at St. Peter's in the East, at Oxford, in the afternoon of the 14th of April, being Palm S«unday. ; Knight, it appears, had; mairif- tained the lawfulness of subjects taking up arms against their Sovereign in case of religion ; for which he had been required by the Vicer.Chancellor to deliver up his notes, with an account of the abettors of his sermon, and the names of all to whom he had shown it befere he preached it. To this he returned, that, in his doctrine, he had followed Paraeus, a professor of divinity at Hei- delberg, in his : commentary on the 13th chapter- of' St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans. But news of this seditious sewnon pre- sently after arriving at court, Andrew es, and others of the Privy Council, directed, a mandatory letter to the Vice-Chancellorj heads of colleges, and. publick readers at Oxford, informing them of the judgment of the. Bishops, that the doctrine- in that tract of Paraeus was seditious, scandalous, and contrary to the scrip- tures, ancient councils, and fathers, of the church* and most repugnant to the doctrine and constitutions of the chuiich and realm of England, and. requiring them, for the better suppression of such dangerous assertions, to make diligent search in all libraries and studies in the university for copies of Paraeus's Tract, and to see them publickly burned in detestation of the doctrine; which to the study of the civil law, he took the degree of Bachelor in that faculty, July 5, 1603, being about that time a student in Gray's Inn. But, law did not. so, whqlly engross his thoughts, as to make him neglect other branches of learning, particularly divinity. For, entering soon after into orders, he became, in 1609, Vicar of St.Giles's near his college ; where he officiated about, six years, an4 was much admired , for his plain and improving way of preaching. He was also for some tim^^e^to^pfSomertpny in Oxfordshire. — See Wootts Athene, vol. ii. col. 1144, — Fasti, vol. i. ^oITlt)57— W'hvt^locke's Memorials, p. 24. — Wood's History f of Colleges, and Halls, p. 54/5,-r; Fasti, vol.i. col. 219. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL, 643 was aefeordingly done in St. Mary's Churchyard on the 6th of June.* Arid when, shortly after, that victim of ambition and vanity, Antonius de Dominis, Archbishop of Spalato, solicit'ecl his Majesty for leave to quit the kingdom, in expectation of re- ceiving a Cardinal's hat from the new Pope Gregory XIV. who had been his school-fellow and old acquaintance, Andrewes was one of the commissioners, whom the King, disgusted at his fickle- ness in religious matters, appointed to dispose of him as they thought fit, and who, accordingly, after hearing his excuses, or- dered him to quit the realm within twenty days, under the penalty of being punished for holding intelligence with the Court of ROrhe.'f- On the 11th of October, 1622, died SeArchfield, Bishop of Bristol ;J and, early in the following year, Sir Samuel Sandys, the eldest son of the late Archbishop of York, departed this life.§ Mathew Ween, who had taken his doctor's degree, and had for some years been chaplain to Bishop Andrewes and Prince Charles, accompanied his ftdyal Highness on his voyage to Spain, * Wood's History, byGutch,. vol. ii. p. S41 — 345, and Collier's Ecclesiastical His toTy, vol. ii. p. 724—726. ■■J"' Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 727- J " Dr. SeArchfield died on the eleventh of October in sixteen hundred twenty and two, and was buried near to the communion-table at the upper end of the ehoir of theCath. Ch. of Bristol, leaving then one son or more behind him, begotten on the body of his wife, Mrs. Anne Huchenson, of Rowley, near Oxon. Over his grave was a stone soon after laid, with an epitaph thereon, but removed thence by L)r. Rich. Thompson, Dean of that church, when he raised the commuriion-table."— fVodd's Athenm, vol. i. col. 726. § The ancestor of this family was Richard del Sandes, of St. Bees in Cumberland, a Knight ef the shire for the county of Cumberland, in the reign of Richard II. The Archbishop had six sons, of whom Sir Samuel, the eldest, inherited his father's manor of Ombersfey, and died 162S ; from whom descended Samuel Sandys, by George II. on Dec. 20, 1743, created Lord Safidjs, Baron: of Ombersiey in Worces- tershire,— See the Pocket peerage, 1788, p. 205.. 4 n 2 644 THE HISTORY OF in which country he arrived on the 8th of April, 1623, and re- turned with him to Portsmouth, where they landed on the 5th of October. And whatever firmness the Prince afterwards displayed in the Protestant religion, is to be attributed, , next, to his own 3teady temper, to the diligent instructions of Wren, who was his preceptor in religion. Nor was it long before he was called upon to deliver his opinion as to Charles's religious principles. Wren had been staying some time at Winchester-House, where Andrewes always reserved some rooms for his accommodation when in town, but, being to set out for Cambridge by break of day, he took his leave of the Bishop and went the night before to lie at his sister's in Friday-Street. However, before he was up in the morn- ing, there came a message that he must, without fail, be at Win- chester-House by ten o'clock. To this unexpected appointment he was punctual, and, though Andrewes did not usually leave his study 'till near twelve, he found him now in his great gallery, a place where he came only once a year, locked up with Neil Bishop of Durham, and Laud Bishop of St. David's. After the usual ceremonies, all sitting down again, the Bishop of Durham said, " Doctor, after you left us yesterday at Whitehall, we enter- ing further into discourse of things, which we foresee will ere long come to pass (meaning King James's death) resolved to speak with you again before you go hence. . We must now know of you what are your thoughts concerning your young master the Prince; you have been his servant above two years, and were with him in Spain ; he respects you well ; you cannot but have observed how things are like to go." " W T hat things, my Lord ?" said Wren. " In brief," replied Neil, " how the Prince's heart stands to the Church of England ?" Wren returned for answer, " However I am most unfit to give my opinion herein, attending but two months in the year, and then at great distance, except only in the closet, and at meals, yet being thus prest, I'll speak my mind freely .-^1 know my Master's learning is not equal to his father's, yet I know his judgment is very right ; and as for his affections MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 645 in the particular you point; at (for upholding the doctrine, and dis- cipline, and right estate of the church) I have more confidence of him than of his father; in whom you have seen, better than I, so much inconstancy in some particular cases." Upon this Neil and Laud began to argue it with him, what grounds he had to think thus, which he gave them at large. And, after an hour's debate, Andrevves, who had been silent all the while, concluded the conference by saying, " Well, Doctor, God send you may be a true prophet concerning your Master's inclinations, which we are glad to hear from you. I am sure I shall be a true prophet: I shall be in my grave, and so shall you, my Lord of Durham ; but my Lord of St. David's, and you, Doctor, will live to see the day, that your Master will be put to it upon his head and his crown, without he will forsake the support of the Church."*, But, though Andrewes's mind was thus busily occupied with the interests of the ecclesiastical establishment at large, he was not neglectful of the particular diocese over which Providence had placed him. The condition of religion in the islands of Jersey and Guernsey had been long debased by the worst features of non-conformity. The Church lands had been secularized, and the revenues of both the deaneries swept into the coffers of some sacrilegious laymen for the last twenty years. But Andrewes rested not till he procured the revival of the deanery in Jersey, and recovered that island to an entire conformity with the Church of England ; and had not the state of publick affairs ren- dered it impracticable, he would have introduced the same regu- lations in Guernsey .-f- On the 18th of October, 1624, Sir James Whitelocke was constituted one of the Justices of the King's Bench.J And soon * See the Diary, &c. MS. concerning the Bishops in England written in Arch- bishop Sancroft's own hand, both printed in Parentalia. + Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 705— 707- t Dugdale's Chronica Juridicialia. 646 THE HISTORY OP after he gave a remarkable proof of his readiness in the Latin tongue : for, sitting as Judge of Assize at Oxford, when some foreigners, persons of quality, came into the court, on purpose to see the course of our proceedings in matters of law, he briefly repeated the heads of his charge to the Grand Jury in good and elegant Latin, and thereby gave the strangers and scholars who were present, a high opinion not only of the administration of justice in this country, but likewise of the ability of our Judges,*— About the same time Mathew Wren was promoted to a stall in the Church of Winchester^* About the middle of March, 1625, King James was taken ill at Theobalds, where he died on the 27th of that month! Two day's before his death, Sir William Paddie was sent for. But that excellent man, seeing that no skill could avail to save his Mastef's life, held it his Christian duty to warn him of his approaching end, and prepare him for another world. ^ - * About the same time the rectory of Bingham in Nottinghamshire Was conferred upon him.- — Biogt-aphia Britannica^ Art. Wren. f At the end of a Common Prayer-Book in folio, printed at London, A. D. l6lS, by Rob. Barker, in the library of St. John's College, Oxford, -after several .English and Latin sentences, very proper to be read to a person just departing, is this ad- vertisement signed by Sir William Paddie, the principal physician to King James I. ■ ? " Being sent for to Thibaulde butt two daies before 1 the death] of my sovereign^ lord and master King James, I held it my Christian dutie to prepare bym, telling bym that ther was nothing left for me to doe, (in ye afternoone before his death ye next daie att noorie,) but to pray for his soule. Whereupon ye Archbish6p and ye Lord Keeper Byshop of Lincolne, demaunded if his Majestie wold be pleased that they sbold praye with hym, whereunto he cheerfullie accorded. And, after short prater, thee.se sentences were, by ye, Byshop of Lincoln, distinctly pronounced tnto hym, who, with his eies (the messengers of his hert) lifted up unto Heaven, att the end of every sentence, gave to us all therby, a goodlie assurance of those graces and livelie faith, wherewith he apprehended the mercie of our Lord and onelief Savidur Christ Jesus, accordinglie as in his godlie life he had often publkpaely professed. >0ii *' ' '•'*' " Will. PaddV." Ox&Aiam, vc-P. ii. p. 235 MERCBANT-TAYLOES* SCHOOL. 647 Upon ttoe death of King James, his only son Charles Was, ac- cording to custom, proclaimed at Theobalds, in London, and elsewhere. And now the Convocation being shortly to meet, Laudi was directed by his Majesty to consult the learned Bishop Andmwes upon the juncture, and to take his advice, as to what was fit to be debated upon the subject of religion, especially with reference to the five points settled at Dort. But, the Par- liament meeting about the same time, and the Commons begin- ning to agitate questions of a religious and ecclesiastical nature, they commenced the business of the Session by summoning before them Mr. Richard Montague, Rector of Stamford Rivers in Essex, who, to secure his flock against the attempts of some Jesuits, who were executing their mission in his parish, had thought fit to disclaim in print certain puritanical 1 tenets, which Jus Popish adversaries had" artfully represented as doctrines of the Church of England. This performance the Calvinists had de- termined to denounce to the next Parliament; to secure him- self against' which, Montague had* applied to the late King for protection', and succeeded in obtaining' permission to dedicate his appeal to his Majesty, under the title of " Appello C&sarem." And there the matter had rested till now Montague was brought to i, the bar of the House, on the 17th of July, when the Speaker told; him it was their pleasure that the censure of his books should be postponed for the present, but that, in the in- terim*, he- should be committed to the custody of the Serjeant-at- Arms. Upon this* he wrote to the Duke of Buckingham, intfeat- rag> that great Minister to report to his Majesty the hardships put upon himj by the Commons: And,, some few days afterwards, thi& application was seconded by a letter to the Duke r< frorri Buckeridge, and two other Prelates, who, reasonably enough, supposed that the Church itself might eventually, suffer, if con- troversies in religion were to be determined in the last instance by the Laity. The King himself was much displeased with the 648 THE HISTORY OP I proceedings of the House against this divine.* But, nevertheless, in the next Parliament, in 1626, the " Appello Ceesg,rem" was referred to the Committee for Religion, from whom Mr. Pym brought up a report, alledging that it contained several erroneous opinions. Articles were accordingly exhibited against Montague; but as it does not appear that the impeachment was laid before the House of Lords, we may conclude that the Commons proceeded against him no further.-^- And, as Andrewes deprecated the revival of any dispute connected with the quinquarticular con- troversy, the Convocatipn, which was now sitting, took no cog- nizance of the business. At the same time, to accommodate matters, a conference was held at York-House, in the month of February, in the presence of the Duke of Buckingham, th& Earls of Warwick and Pembroke, and other temporal Lords, at which all the five points were touched upon, but especially the question, Whether it is possible for one elected to fall from grace ? Bishop Buckeridge was one of the managers on the side of the.Anti- calvinists. And, though the parties, as usual, came to no accom- modation, the advantage of the dispute was in the judgment of the audience given to Buckeridge.J But, to return to the order of time, from which this affair of Montague's has somewhat drawn us, it is to be noted that, in July, 1625, Mathew Wren was chosen Master of Peter-House in Cambridge. While he held this place, he rebuilt great' part of the college from the ground, rescued their writings and ancient re- cords from the dust and worms, and, by indefatigable industry, digested them into a good order and method. But, seeing the publick offices of religion less decently performed, and the ser- vice of God depending on the courtesy of others, for want of a * See Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 729, 733 — 73a. t Ibid. p. 736, 737- % Ibid. p. 738. Archbishop Laud's Diary, and Fuller's Church History, book ii. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL, 649 convenient oratory within the walls of the college, what he could not do at his own charge, he compassed by his interest with seve- ral well-disposed persons, from whom he procured such consider- able sums of money, that he was able to build and beautify a complete chapel.* In September, that year, died Thomas Lodge, an eminent poet and physician, who, having taken his Doctor's degree at Avignon, had been incorporated at Oxford about the latter end of the pro- ceeding reign. In his younger days his publications principally consisted of poetical effusions ; but when his mind grew more se- rious, he became the translator of Josephus and Seneca. But though he had himself ceased to pay court to the Muses, his me- mory was celebrated by the poets of the day.-f- * It was dedicated on the 17th of March, 1632. — See Oratio habita ad Obitum M. Ween, a Johanne Pearson, printed in the Appendix to Parentalia. •f* " Thomas Lodge was descended from those of his name living in Lincolnshire, hut whether born there I cannot tell, made his first entry into this university about 1 573, and was afterwards servitor, or scholar, under the learned and virtuous Mr. Edward Hobye, of Trinity Coll. Where, making .early advances, his ingenuity began at first to be observed by several of his compositions in poetry. After he had taken one degree in arts, and had spent some time in exercising his fancy among the poets in the great city, he was esteemed (not Jos. Hall, of Emanuel Coll. in Cambridge, excepted) the best for satyr among English men. At length his mind growing more serious, he studied physick, for the improvement of which he travelled beyond the seas, took the degree of D. of that faculty at Avignon, returned, and .was incorporated in the university in the latter end of Qu. Elizabeth. Afterwards settling in London he practised it, became much frequented for his success in it, especially by the R. Ca- tholics, (of which number he was by many suspected to be one,) and was as much cried upto his last for physick, as he was in his younger days for his poetical fancy. He hath written " Alarum against Usurers, containing tried Experiences against worldly Abuses. Lond. 1584. qu. " History of Forbonius and Prisaeria, with Truth's Complaint over England.— Printed with the Alarum. " Euphues Golden Legacy, found after his death in his cell at Silexedra, be- 4 o 650 THE HISTORY O* Before the dissolution of the Parliament, in 1626, Goodman, Bishop of Gloucester, preaching before his Majesty, asserted the real presence in such strong language, that he was suspected of coming too near the verge of Popery. And, therefore, as the discourse made a great noise, the King ordered Andrewes and two other Prelates to report to him their opinion on the exceptions that had been taken. In consequence of which, Goodman was appointed to preach another sermon byway of explanation, and thus the matter ended.* But we must hasten to the death-bed of a man, highly dis- queathed to Philautas's sons, nursed up with their father in England. Lond. 159Q> &c. qu. " The Wounds of a Civil War, lively set forth in the true Tragedies of Marius and Sylla. Lond. 1594. qu. " A Fig for Momus:— Pr. in qu. " Looking Glass for London ; an Historical Comedy. London, 1598. qu. In the composure of which he had the assistance of Robert Green, M.A. of ' Cambridge. " Liberality and Prodigality, a Comedy. A . . . , . , iL ., „ . ... ^ , £ Assisted also in these by .the>-sajd " 'Lady Alimony, a Comedy. ' f „ , „ , . , J _ ■" . V, Rob. Green, who is ^accounted " Luminalia, a Mask. ( , , ,,, ., c . ., ' i the hair author of them. " Laws of Nature, a Comedy. _) " Treatise of the Plague, containing the nature, signs, and accidents of the same, &c. Lond. 1603. qu. '" Countess of Lincoln's Nursery. Gxon, 1622,'iri 2 or 3 sh. qu. " Treatise in Defence of Plays. This I have not yet seen, nor his pastoral songs « and madrigals, besides several other things which ate, as it were, lost to the generality 'of scholars. He also translated into English. — (1) Josephus's History or Antiquities of the Jews. Lond. 1602. 09. 20. &c. fol.— (2) The Works, both moral and natural, of Luc. An. Seneca. Lond. 1614. 20. fol. &c. This eminent Doctor, who practised his faculty in Warwick-Lane in the beginning of K. James I. and afterwards on Lam- bert-Hill, removed thence a little before his last end into the parish of St. Mary Mag- dalen in Old* FiBh-Street, London, where he made his last exit (of ' the plague' I think) in September, in 1625, leaving then behind him a widow, called Joan ; but where buried, unless in the church or yai'd there,' I know fl6t. His memory is celebrated by several poets, whose encomiums of him being frequent, I shall,' for brevity sake, pass ' them' nc% by ." — Wood's Athena, vol. 1 i . col. ' 498. * Archbishop Laud's Diary, and Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 738- MERCIUN1VFAXI#R ( S»' SCHOOL. §51 tanguished for Us piety aad tewniq& ^bo was deservedly ranfoetl with the best preachers and completest scholars of the age in which he lived. This was Andrewes, Bishop of Winchester. During his last sickness, besides the prayers which were read to him, in which he repeated all the parts of the confession, and other petitions, with an audible voiqe, as long as* his strength lasted, he was continually praying to himself. iVnd when he could pray no longer with his voice, by lifting up his eyes and hands, he prayed still ; and when both voice and eyes and hands failed in their office, then with his heart he prayed, till, on Mon- day the 25th of September, it pleased Qod tp receive his blessed soul to himself,* in the seventyrfirst year of his, age. This exemplary Prelate, the ornament of the English Church, and of Christendom, who had had the happiness of living in no less esteem with Charles J, than with his predecessors, was buried in the Parish Church of St. Savipur's, Southwark.*^ His funeral sermon was preached, on Saturday the llth of November, by his schoolfellow Buckeridge, Bishop of Ely. Milton wrote a Latin elegy on his death.J And one °f H s Chaplains penned an ele- * See his Funeral Sermon by Buckeridge. •f- Not many years ago his bones were dispersed to make room for the corpse of some less eminent person, when the hair of his beard and his silken cap were found un- decayed in the remains of his coffin. — Chalmers's Edition of the General Biographical Dictionary, vol. ii. p. 219. J Elegia Tertia, Anno iEtatis 17. In obitum Prssulis Wintoniensis. Mcestus eram, et tacitus nullo comitante sedebam, Haerebantque animo tristia plura meo, Protinus en subiit fuiiestae cladis imago Fecit in Angliaco quam Libitina solo ; Dum procerum ingressa est splendentes marmore turres Dira sepulchrali mors metuenda face ; Pulsavitque auro gravidos et jaspide muros, Nee metuit satrapum sternere falce greges. 4o2 652 THE HISTORY OF gant Latin inscription for the monument, which his executors Tunc memini clarique ducis, fratrisque verendi Intempestivis ossa cremata rogis : Et memini Heroum quos vidit ad aethera raptos, Flevit et amissos Belgia tota duces. At te praecipue luxi dignissiuie Praesul> Wintoniaeque olim gloria magna tuae ; Delicui fletu, et tristi sic ore querebar, Mors fera Tartareo diva secunda Jovi, Nonne satis quod sylva tuas persentiat has, Et quod in herbosos jus tibi detur agros, Quodque afflata tuo marcescant lilia tabo, Et crocus, et pulchrae Cypridi sacra rosa, Nee sinis ut semper fluvio contermina quercu* Miretur lapsus praetereuntis aquae ? Et tibi succumbit liquido qua; plurima coelo , Evehitur pennis quamlibet augur avis, Et quae mille nigris errant animalia sylvis, Et quod alunt mutum Proteos antra pecus. Invida, tanti tibi cum sit concessa potestas ; Quid juvat humana tingere caede maims f Nobileque in pectus certas acuisse sagiitas, Semideamque animam sede fugasse su&? Talia dum lacrymans alto sub pectore volvo, Roscidus occiduis Hesperus exit aquis, Et Tartessiaco submerserat aequore currum Phoebus, ab eoo littore mensus iter. Nee mora, membra cavo .posui refovenda cubili, Condiderant oculos noxque soporque meos : Cum mini visus eram lato spatiarier agro, Heu nequit ingenium visa referre meum. Illic punicea radiabant omnia luce, Ut matutino cum juga sole rubent. Ac veluti cum pandit opes Thaumantia proles, Vestitu riituit multicolore solum. Non dea tam variis ornavit floribus hortos Alcinoi, Zephyro Chloris amata levi. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. £5S erected to his memory.* Besides the Tortura Torti already men- tioned, Andrewes was the author of a Manual of Private De- Flumina vernanles laiubunt argentea campoi, Ditior Hesperio flavet arena Tago. Serpit odoriferas per opes levis aura Favoni, Aura sub inaumeris humida nata rosis, Talis in extremis terra; Gangetidis oris Luciferi regis fingitur esse domus. Ipse racimiferis dum densas vitibus umbras Et pellucentes miror ubique locos, Ecce mihi subito Praesul Wintonius astat, Sidereum nitido fulsit in ore jubar ; Vestis ad auratos defluxit Candida talos, Infula divinum cinxerat alba caput. Dumque senex tali incedit venerandus amictu, Intremuit laeto florea terra sono. Agmina gemmatis plaudunt ccelestia pennis, Pura triumphali personat aethra tuba. Quisque novum amplexu comitem cantuque salutat, Hosque aliquis placido misit ab ore sonos ; Nate veni, et patrii felix cape gaudia regni, Semper ab bine duro, nate, labore vaca. Dixit, et aligerae tetigerurit nablia turmae, At mihi cum tenebris aurea pulsa quies. Flebam turbatos Cephaleia pellice somnos, Talia contingant somnia ssepe mihi. Lector, Si Chriscianus es, siste : Morae pretium erit, Non nescire te, qui vir hie situs sit: Ejusdem tecum Catholics ecclesise membrum, Sub eadem felicis Resurrectionis spe* Eandem D. Jesu prssstolans epiphaniam, Sacratissimus Antistes Lancelotus Andkewes, Loadini oriundus, educatus Cantabrigia?, Aulae Pembroch. Alumnorum, Sociorum, Prsefectorum Unus, et neniiai secundus : $54 f HE HISTORY Of vdttonss and Meditations for every Day iti the Week,* a Mamral Linguarum, Artium, Scientiarum, Hunianorum, -Divinorum omnium Infinitus Thesaurus, stupendum Oraculum; Orthodoxae Christi Ecclesia?, Dictis, Scriptis, Precibus, Exemplo, Incomparable Propugnaculum : Reginae Elizabeths a sacris, D. Pauli, London. Residentiarius, D. Petri, Westmonast. Becanus : Episcopus Cicestriensis, Eliensis, Wintoniensis, Regique Jacobo turn ab Eleemosynis, Turn ab utriusque Regni Consiliis, Decanus deuique Sacelji Regii : Idem ex Indefessa opera in Studiis, Summa sapientia in rebus, Assidua pietate in Deum, Profusa largitate in egenos, Rara amoenitate in suos, Spectata probitate in omnes, iEternum admirandus : Annorum pariter et publicae famae satur, Sed bonorum passim omnium cum luctu denatus, Coelebs bine migravit ad aureolam csolestem, Anno Regis Garoli II , aetatis suse LXXI", Christi MDCXXVI . Tantum est (lector) quod te moerentes posteri Nunc volebant, atque ut ex voto tuo valeas, Dicto Sit Deo gloria. * These lines are prefixed to his " Devotions. " If ever any merited to be The universal Bishop, this was he, Great Andeewes, who the whole vast sea did drain Of learning, and distill'd it in his brain : These pious drops are of the purest kind, Which trickled from the limbeck of his mind." They were translated into English by Dr. Stanhope. merchant-Taylors' school. 655 of Directions for the Visitation of the Sick, several Tracts in Latin and English, and Sermons, which last were published after his death, by his Majesty's special command.* His character, both * In the volume of bis sermons, dedicated to King Charles I. there are seventeen on the nativity, preached on Christmas-Day; eight upon repentance and fasting, preached on Ash- Wednesday ; six preached in Lent ; three on the Passion, preached on Good-Friday ; eighteen on the Resurrection, preached upon Easter-Day ; fifteen on the sending of the Holy Ghost, preached upon Whit-Sunday; eight preached oh the fifth of August ; ten on the fifth of November; and eleven on several occasions. They were published by the direction of his Majesty under the care and inspection- of Dr. William Laud, then Bishop of London, and Dr. John Bcckeridge, Bishop of Ely. " When the author died (say these editors in their dedication to ihe King) your Majesty thought it not fit his sermons should die with him. And, though they could not live with all that eloquence, which they had upon his tongue, yet you were graciously pleased to think a Paper Life better than none. Upon this, your Majesty gave us a strict charge, that we should overlook the papers (as well sermons as other tractates) of that reverend and worthy Prelate, and print all that we found perfect. Had they not come perfect, we should not have ventured to add any limbe unto them, lest mixing a pen farre inferior, we should have disfigured such com pleat bodies. Your Majesty's first care was for the presse, that the work might be publick. Your second was for the work itself, that it might come forth worthy the author ; which could not be, if it came not forth as he left it. In pursuance of these two, we have brought the work to light, and wei have done it with care and fidelity; for as the ser- mons were preached, so are they published. When he preached them, they had the general approbation o£ the court, and they made him famous for making them. Now. they are printed, we hope they will have the general liking of the church, and inlarge and indear his name to them that knew not him." Dr. Fuller tells us, in his Worthies of England, pp. 206, 207, that " Bishop Andrewes was an unimitable preacher in his way, and such plagiaries who have stolen his sermons could never steal his preaching, and could make nothing of that, whereof he made all things as he desired. Pious and pleasant Bishop Felton (he adds), his cotemporary and colleague, endeavoured, in vain in his sermons to assimulate his style, and therefore said merrily of himself: — f I had almost marred my own natural trot by endeavouring to imitate his artificial amble." The tracts* published after his death- were^l. Responsio ad Apologiam Cardinal 'Bellannini, quam nuper edidit contra' Prsefationem Monitoriam serenissimi ac poten- tissimi piincipis Jacobi, &c. omnibus Christianis Monarchis, Principibus, atque Ordi- ,,nibus inscriptam.— *'. e. An Answer to the, Apology pf. Cardinal Bellarmin, -.which he lately published against the monitory, preface of the most serene and. potent. Prince 656 THE HISTORY OF public and private, was in every respect great and singular. His great zeal and piety, his charity and compassion, his fidelity and King James, &c. addressed to all Christian Monarchs, Princes, and States. — 2. Tor- turaTorti, (See Note, p. 619.)— 3. Cpncio ad Clerum pro Gradu Doctoris.— i. e. A Sermon to the Clergy for the Degree of Doctor in Divinity.— 4. Concio ad Clerum in Synodo Provincial! Cantuariensis Provinciae ad Divi Pauli. — i. e. A Sermon to the Clergy in the Provincial Synod of the Province of Canterbury, at St. Paul's.— 5. Concio La tine habita coram regia Majestate quinto Augusti MDCVI. in Aula Grenvici, quo Tempore venerat in Angliam, Regem nostrum invisurus, serenissimus potentissi- musque princeps Christianus quartus Danise et Norvegiae Rex.— i. e. A Latin Sermon, preached before the King in the Hall at Greenwich, August 5, 1606, at the time when the most serene and powerful Prince Christiern IV. King of Denmark and Norway, was come into England to visit our King.— 6. Concio Latine habita coram Regia Majestate decimo tertio Aprilis MDCXlII. in Aula Grenvici, quo Tempore, cum lec- tissima sua Conjuge, discessurus erat Gener Regis, serenissimus potentissimusque princeps Fridericus Comes Palatinus ad Rhenum. — i. e. A Latin Sermon, preached before the King in the Hall at Greenwich, April 13, 1613, when the King's son-in-law, the most serene and potent Prince Frederic Count Palatine of the Rhine, was about to depart with his dearest Consort. — 7. Quaestionis, nunquid per jus divinum Magis- trate liceat a reo jusjurandum exigere ? et id quatenus et quousque liceat ? The- ologica determinatio, habita in publica Schola Theologica Cantabrigiae mense Julii Anni 1591. — i. e. A Theological Determination of the Question, Whether the, Civ,il Magistrate has a right by the Law of God, to require an Oath of an accused Person, and how far it may be lawful ; held in the public Divinity-School of Cambridge, in the month of July, 1591. — 8. De usuris, Theologica Determinatio, habita in publica Schola Theologica Cantabrigias. — i. e. A Theological Determination concerning Usury, held in the publick Divinity-School of Cambridge. — 9. De Decimis, Theologica De- terminatio, habita in publica Schola Theologica Cantabrigiae. — i. e. A Theological De- termination concerning Tythes, held in the publick Divinity-School of Cambridge. — 10. Responsiones ad Petri Molinaei Epistolas tres, una cum Molinaei Epistolis. — i. e. Answers to three Letters of Du Moulin's, with Du Moulin's Letters. — 11. Stricturae : or, A brief Answer to the Eighteenth Chapter of the first Book of Cardinal Perron's Reply, written in French, to King James's Answer, written by Mr. Casaubon in Latin. — 12. An Answer to the Twentieth Chapter of Cardinal Perron's Reply, &c. — 13^ A Speech, delivered in the Star Chamber, against the two Judaical Opinions of Mr. Traske.(l) — 14. A Speech delivered in the Star Chamber, concerning Vows, in the (1) That Christians are bound to abstain from meats prohibited in Leviticus, and that they are bound to observe the Jewish sabbath. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 6'57 integrity, his gratitude and thankfulness, his munificence and bounty, his hospitality, his affability and politeness, his modesty, his diligent application to study, and his talents as a preacher and a writer, have been celebrated by all his biographers.* Countess of Shrewsbury's Case .(1) These pieces were printed at London, after the author's death, by Felix Kyngston, in 4to. 1629, and dedicated to King Charles I. by the Bishops of London and Ely. There are extant, besides,— IS. The Moral Law expounded: or, Lectures on the Ten Commandments ; whereunto are annexed nine- teen Sermons upon Prayer in general, and upon the Lord's Prayer in particular ; pub- lished by John Jackson, and dedicated to the Parliament. London, 1642. fol. — A second and third edition were afterwards published under the title of a Pattern of Catechistical Doctrine, &c. — 16. 'Anroo-wao-^aT-ia sacra: or, A Collection of Post- humous and Orphan Lectures, delivered at St. Paul's and St. Giles's Cripplegate Church, London. 1657. fol. — Biographia Britannica. * His piety and zeal were distinguishable in his private and secret devotions, in which he daily spent many hours, and in his publick prayers with his family. His chapel, in which he had monthly communions, was so decently and reverently adorned, and the behaviour of himself and his family so pious and exemplary, that many, who came thither (even through accident) in the time of divine service, were greatly affected therewith, and excited to the like reverend deportment; and some even desired to end their days in Bishop Andrewes's chapel. He practised benevolence even before he came to great preferments, extending his charity, in a liberal manner, to the relief of poor parishioners and prisoners ; besides his constant Sunday alms in his parish of St. Giles's. But when his means became greater, his charity increased in a large proportion. And one thing, in his manner of relieving the distressed, is remarkable, that he always gave strict charge to his servants, whom he entrusted with the distribution of his bounty, not to acknowledge from whence the relief came, but give it as from a benefactor unknown. His private alms alone, in his last six years, amounted to upwards of j£l300. Nor did his charity end with his life: for, by his last will, he left ,£4000 to purchase ,£200 per annum in land, to be distributed quarterly in the following manner :— -to aged and decayed poor men, especially sea- faring men, fifty pounds; — to poor widows, the wives of one husband, fifty pounds;— to the binding of poor orphans apprentices, fifty pounds ; — and to the relief of poor prisoners, fifty pounds. He left, besides, to be distributed presently after his death, among maid-servants of honest report, and who had served one master or mistress (1) Who was convicted of disobedience for refusing to answer or be examined, on pretence she had made a solemn vow to the contrary. 4 P 658 THE HISTORY OF " He was from his youth, (as those observed, who had the best opportunities of knowing him,) a man of extraordinary worth and seven years, the sum of two hundred pounds. Lastly, a great part of his estate, which remained after the expenses of his funeral and his legacies were discharged, he left to be distributed among his poor servants. He was ever careful to keep in good repair the houses of all his spiritual preferments, and spent much money that way ; as, upon the vicarage house of St. Giles's, the prebendal and deanry houses of Westminster. He expended upon the episcopal palace of Chichester above <£420, upon that of Ely above ,£2440, and upon that of Winchester .£2000. But his fidelity and integrity were most discoverable in his pastoral care and government of his dioceses. He filled the vacant preferments, which were in his own gift, with the ablest and best men; and often conferred benefices on men of chaiacter and learning, who stood in need of them, without any solicitation or request on their part. So that what was once said of St. Chrysostom, may be fitly applied to Bishop Andeewes: — " In Jdministratione Episcopates pr&buit sefidelem, constantem, et ■vigilantem Ministrum Christi." Nor was he less faithful in the discharge of those temporal offices, with which he was vested. Not to mention here his conduct as head of Pembroke Hall,, his regulation of Westminster College and School sufficiently speak for him. To which may be added, that whereas, by virtue of his Deanry of Westminster, his Mastership of Pembroke Hall, and his Bishopric of Ely, the election of scholars into the School of Westminster, and from thence to the two Universities; as also of many scholars and fellows in Pembroke Hall, some in Peter House, and some in Jesus Col- lege, was in bis power and disposal; he waved all letters of recommendation from great persons, and setting aside all favour and affection, chose only such as in his judgment were fittest. Of his gratitude there were divers instances. Among the rest he gave the living of Waltham in Hampshire to Dr. Ward, son of the schoolmaster, who taught him the rudiments of Latin preparatory to. his admission at Merchant- Taylors'. And he always retained so high an esteem for Mulcaster, that he used, in all conipanies of his friends, to place him at the upper end of the table. Nor did his grateful acknowledgments stop here; he many times, with a liberal hand, supplied his teacher's wants ; and, when he died, caused his portrait to be hung over his study door; and Bp. Andeewes, we are told, had but few others in his house. Nor even here diil the gratitude of this pious^ prelate make a pause; he retained to the last hour of his life, the same veneration for the memory of his preceptor, as he had shewn his per- son while alive, and in his will bequeathed a legacy to his son. After much enquiry concerning the kindred of Dr. Watts, who had bestowed on him one of his first scholarships at Pembroke Hall, he found but one; to whom, being a scholar, he gave preferments in that college; and at his death ordered, by his will, that out of the merchant-taylolrs' school. Iq59 s note; a man as if he had been made up of learning and virtue, both of them so eminent in him, that it is hard to judge which scholarships of Dr. Watts's foundation, the two fellowships, which he himself had founded at Pembroke Hall, should be supplied, if such scholars should be found qua- lified for them. After he became a Bishop, he never visited either of the universities, but he left fifty or an hundred pounds to be distributed among poor scholars. He gave a magnificent entertainment to King James at Farnham Castle, where, in the space of three days, he spent three thousand pounds. His table, which was always plentifully and elegantly furnished, was open to all persons of quality and worth, especially scholars and strangers. And his behaviour to his guests was so courteous, and hi9 discourse so gravely facetious, that those whom he entertained, would often profess they never came to any man's table, where they received better satisfaction ; and that, in respect to the plenty they found there, his Lordship kept Christmas all the year. His affability and politeness were conspicuous, not only in his behaviour towards his guests, but in his general conversation, for which he was justly admired by the most famous scholars, both at home and abroad : such as (to omit those of our own nation) Casaubon, Cluverius, Vossius, Grotius, Du Moulin, Erpenius, and others. His modesty was so great, that though the whole world took notice of his deep and profound learning, yet he was so far from acknowledging it, that he would often com- plain of his defects, professing that he was but inutilis Servus, nay inutile Pondus. His diligent application to study can scarce be paralleled, if we consider him from his childhood to his old age. Never any man spent more time in study than this reverend Prelate. From the hour he rose (his private devotions finished) to the time he was called to dinner, which was not till twelve o'clock at the soonest, he kept close to his books, nor would be interrupted by any that came to speak with him, or upon any occasion, publick prayer excepted. And he was so displeased with scholars, who at- tempted to speak with him in a morning, that he would say, he doubted they were no true scholars that came to him before noon. He would spend two or three hours after dinner, in conversing with his guests, or in dispatching his own temporal affairs, or those belonging to his episcopal jurisdiction ; and having got rid of these and the like avocations, be would return to his study, where he usually spent the rest of the afternoon until bed-time. Nor was he less diligent in the application to study even at that time of life, when it might be expected he could have taken some respite from his former pains. He had such a dexterity at preaching, that some would say of hjm, he was quiok again as soon as delivered : so that he was truly styled Stella Pradkmtium, and an angel in the pulpit. And, as to his acuteness and profundity in controversial writings, he so excelled all others of his time, that neither Bellarmip, nor any other of the Romanists, were ever able to answer what he wrote : so that, as his sermons 4 P 2 660 THE HISTORY OF had precedency. His virtue (which we must still judge the more worthy in any man) was comparable to that which was to be found in the primitive Bishops of the Church ; and had he lived amongst those ancient fathers, his virtues would have shined even amongst those virtuous men. And for his learning, it was as well if not better known abroad than respected at home. None stron- ger than he, where he wrestled with an adversary ; and that Bel- larmin felt, who was well able to shift for himself as any that stood up for the Roman party. None more exact, more judi- cious, than he, where he was to instruct and inform others, as they knew who often heard him preach. And yet this fullness of his material learning left room enough in the temper of his brain for almost all languages, learned and modern, to seat themselves : so that his learning had all the helps language could afford, and his languages learning enough for the best of them to express ; his judgment in the mean time, so commanding over both, as that were inimitable, his writings were unanswerable. He hated three vices more especially, usury, simony, and sacrilege. With respect to the first of these vices, he was so far from it himself, that when his friends stood in need of such money as he could spare, he lent it them freely without interest. As to simony, it was so detestable to him, that for refusing to admit several persons to livings, whom he suspected to be simo- niacally preferred, he suffered much by suits of law, choosing to be compelled, against his will by the law, to admit them, rather than voluntarily to do that which his con- science made a scruple of. So that what was said of Robert of Winchelsea, Arch- bishop of Canterbury, maybe applied to Bishop An drewes: " Beneficia ecclesiastica nunquam nisi doctis contulit ; precibus et gratia nobilium fretos et ambientes semper re- pulit :" — i. e. He never conferred ecclesiastical preferments on any but men of learn- ing, and always rejected those, who sought for them by the favour of great men. His abhorrence of sacrilege appeared from hence, that when the Bishopricks of Salis- bury and Ely were offered him upon terms savouring that way, he utterly rejected them. And when he was Bishop of Winchester, he refused several large sums for the renewing of some leases, because he conceived such renewal would be prejudicial to his successors. — Isaacson's Life of Bishop An drewes, and Gentleman's Magazine, vol. lxx. p. 420. merchant-Taylors' school. 661 neither of them was suffered, idly or curiously, to start from, or fall short of, their intended scope : so that we may better say of him, than was sometimes said of Claudius Drusus, ' He was of as many and as great virtues as mortal nature could receive, or in- dustry make perfect. 1 " * Towards the end of the year 1627, died Dr. Gwinne at his house in Old Fish-Street, in the parish of St. Mary Magdalen, London, leaving a widow, to whom letters of administration were granted on the 12th of November.^ He was a man of quick parts, a lively fancy, and poetick genius ; had read much, was well versed in all sorts of polite literature, accurately skilled in the modern languages, which he had acquired during his travels on the Continent, and much valued for his knowledge and success in the practice of physick. But what principally recommended him to the honour and esteem of the medical profession, was the unwearied opposition which he maintained against all empiricks, and especially one Francis Anthony, who pretended to be the first inventor of the medicine called Aurum Potabile.^ He published *■ This was said of him by Laud and Buceeridge, his cotemporaries and familiar friends, in their Dedication of his Sermons. , f I have been somewhat particular in ascertaining these points, because, though affirmed by Wood in his Athenae, vol. i. col. 514; they were doubted by Ward in his Lives, p. 264, because he found, the Doctor's name in the Pharmacopoeia printed in 1639- J, This Francis Anthony, who lived in St.Bartholomew's Close, London, hurt by the animadversions of Gwinne, published An Apology and Defence of the Medicine, called Aurum Potabile, London, 161 6. In reply to which came out afterwards, The Anti- apology, shewing the Counterfeitness of Dr. Anthony's Aurum Potabile, Oxon, 1623 ; written by Dr. John Cotta, a Cambridge man. Anthony was himself a graduate of that university, but often prosecuted and cast by the College of Physicians for prac- tising without a license ; and particularly the use of his Aurum Potabile was proved to have been hurtful. — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 514,. and Goodall's Royal College of Physicians, p. 349.- 66% THE HISTORY OP several works in his life time,* and left others in manuscript. -\- One son, whose name was John, survived him. J Juxon, who had executed the office of Vice-Chan cellor of the University of Oxford with great applause the two preceding years, and had been appointed one of the Chaplains in Ordinary to his Majesty, as well as Prebendary of Chichester, was, on the 7th of January, 1628, promoted to the Deanery of Worcester.^ * 1. Epicedium in Obitum illustrissimi herois, Henrici comitis Derbiensis : Oxon. 1593, quarto. 2. Nero, tragadia nova : Londini, 1603, quarto; 1639, duodecimo. Wood, in his Athena^, vol. i. col. 514, says, that this tragedy is somewhere recommended by Justus Lipsius. 3. Orationes dum, Londini habits, in ALdibus Greshamiis, Ann. Dom. 1598: Londini, l605, duodecimo. This book having grown very scarce, it was reprinted by Ward, in the Appendix to his Lives. 4. Vertumnus, sive, Annus recurrens, Oxonii, 29 Augusti, 1605, coram Jacobo Rege, Henrico principe, proceribus, a Joannensibus in .Scena recitatus, ab una scriptus, phrasi comica, prope tragicis senariis: Londini, l607> quarto. 5. Aurum non Aurum, sive, Adversaria in Assertorem chymitz, sed vera medicina deser- torem, Franciscum Anthonium : Londini, l6ll, quarto. 6. Verses in English, French, and Italian. These were occasionally written, and pre- fixed to many books published at that time ; for which reason Wood, in his History and Antiquities of Oxford, call him omnium plerumque, qui sub eo eevo in publicum pro- dierunt, librorum encomiastes, 1. ii. p. 307. 7. A Book of Travels. 8. Letters concerning Chemical and Magical Secrets. See Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 494. 514. -|- Particularly Oratio in Laudem Musices, habita Oxonii, 15 die mensis Octobris, Anno Domini 1582; first printed by Ward, in his Appendix to the Lives of the Professors, from the original in the possession of the Reverend Francis Peck.— Gwinne, in the preface to his Oiationes dua, mentions that he had by him some dis- curses, entitled Elucubrationes Philiatrica; but it does not appear that they were ever printed. { Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 264. § Wood's History of Colleges by Gutch, p. 545.— Le Neve's Fasti, pp. 301 and 464. — Willis's Survey, vol. i. p. 659- MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 663 The Parliament being assembled on the 17th of March, the Commons lost no time in taking into their consideration the griev- ances, real and pretended, which were the subject of much cla- mour out of doors. The first matter debated was the case of Sir John Heveningham, and some other gentlemen, who, having been imprisoned for refusing to lend their money upon a late benevo- lence, had brought their Habeas Corpus, and, after their case had been argued, were nevertheless remanded to prison. And so ge- neral was the feeling excited by this transaction, that the House deferred even the necessary supplies for the exigencies of the State, till they had taken some resolution respecting what they considered illegal imprisonment and denial of batf. But, as this proceeding involved a censure on the conduct of the Judges, their opinions were desired. Sir James Whitelocke was the first who spoke in justification of what had been done by himself and the other Judges of the King's Bench, and that, in a manner so uninfluenced by popular prejudice, that the Kiag declared he was " a stout, wise, and learned man, one who knew what be- longed to uphold Magistrates and Magistracy in their dignity."* In the course of the Spring, Buckeridge was, by the grateful endeavours of his old pupil Laud, then Bishop of Bath and Wells, translated from the See of Rochester to that of Ely, vacated by the death of Dr. Nicholas Felton, who had been dead more than a year and a iialf.-j- * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. pp. 261. 263.— Annals of the Reign of King Charles I. p. £46— 250.— And Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 8—1 1. From which, last-named passage, it appears that when 4he Chief Baron Walter was put out, there was some talk of making Whitelocke Chief Baron in his room; " but White- locke had no great mind to succeed Walter, because Walter alledged that his patent of that office was quam diu se bene gesserit, and that he ought not to be removed but by a Scire facias" f Buckeridge was elected to Ely 17th April, 1628, confirmed 15th July, and had -the temporalities restored the 18th of the same month.— Le Neve's Fasti,, p. 70. 66'4 THE HISTORY OP On the 24th of July, Mathew Wren, Master of Peter-House, was promoted to the dignity of Dean of Windsor and Wolver- hampton ; on the 2d of September he was made Register of the Garter ; and on the 4th of November he was chosen Vice-Chan- cellor of Cambridge.* And, before the end of the year, his bro- ther, Christopher Wren, who had been chaplain to the late Bishop Andrewes, was appointed Chaplain in Ordinary to the King.-f- Though they were no friends to Popery or arbitrary power, as has been insinuated by some writers, they manfully denied the Calvinistic sense, in which the Puritans understood the articles of our Church, and stood forward as intrepid assertors of the Royal Prerogative. And this naturally secured their elevation to the highest stations in the Church, under a Prince who was too just to let orthodoxy and loyalty pass unrewarded. On the 7th of April, 1629, Mathew Wren, Dean of Windsor, was sworn a judge of the Star Chamber for foreign causes,J and, in the discharge of his duty as Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, he asserted the privileges, and restored the discipline of the Univer- sity. He kept all its members close to their respective duties, and taught the townsmen, though much against their inclination, to acknowledge the superiority of those by whom they were prin- cipally supported.^ * Among the other events of the good Doctor's life, it is recorded that he entered into matrimony on the 17th of August this year. — Biographia Britannica. •f- Parentalia. $ Biographia Britannica, Art. Wren. § " While he was in office, their happened a tough suit betwixt the University and Town-Chandlers, chiefly on the account, whether candles came within the compasse of Focalia, and so to have their price reasonably rated by the Vice-Chancellour. The townsmen betook themselves to their lawyers, the scholars to the lords, plying the Privie Councill with learned letters, by whose favour they got the better, and some refractory townsmen, by being discommoned, were humbled into obedience." — Fuller's History of the University of Cambridge, London, 1655, p. 165, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 665 On the 15th of April, Thomas Atkinson, Fellow of St. John's, was presented to the office of Senior Proctor of the University of Oxford.* About the beginning of October, this year, died that solid states- man, Sir Edwin Sandys, a man of great judgment and a. most commanding pen. A little before his death, he took great care that all the spurious copies of his ' Europa Speculum' should be called in, and the printers punished, and a genuine edition sent to the press,-f- from which were printed at London, the im- pressions of 1632 and 1637, in quarto, and of 1673 and ] 687 in octavo.J By his will he left £ 1500 to the university of Oxford, for the endowment of a metaphysic lecture. He was buried in the ehurch of Northbourn in Kent, where he held an estate by the grant of King James for some exemplary service which he'did that Prince upon his first coming into England.^ Many of the old statutes of the university of Oxford being grown out of use by the change of religion, and others by long neglect, some of them also having never been rightly understood, and all so mingled and confounded, that it was very hard to say which of them were in force and which not, while the students nevertheless were bound to keep them by oath, if not at their * Wood's Fasti, p. 125. •f There was a preface to the edition of 1629, which has been omitted in the later editions, though some passages of it were printed in that of 1637. t " I find one Sir Edwin Sandys, who paraphrastically turned into English verse, * Sacred Hymns, consisting of 50 select Psalms of David, &c. set to be sung in 5 Parts, by Rob. Taylor, printed at London, 1615, in qu.' Whether this version was performed by Sir Edwin Sandys before mentioned, or by another of both his names of Latimers in Bucks, I know not." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. p. 542. § " Over his grave is a handsome monument erected; but, as I have been informed, there is no inscription upon it. He left behind him at the time of his death five sons, namely, Henry, Edwin, Richard, Robert, and Thomas. Who all (one excepted) proved zealous Parliamenteers in the beginning of the Rebellion, 1642."— Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 542. 4 Q 666 THE HISTORY OF matriculation, yet at their admission to degrees, frequent attempts had been made to digest them into a body, that every one might know in what his academical duty consisted. But all those who had at different times undertaken the work, had either shrunk from the performance, when they saw the difficulties attending it, or been diverted from it by their more private affairs before they could bring it to perfection. At length, upon the urgent desires of the Earl of Pembroke, and afterwards of Archbishop Laud, .who, in 1630, succeeded him in the Chancellorship of Oxford, the work was resumed. Nine Doctors and seven Masters, among whom were Juxon and Harrison of St. John's, were appointed to revise and new model the statutes. And to their labours in this important business we are indebted for the statutes now in use.* On the 30th of August, died Dove, Bishop of Peterborough, at the venerable age of seventy-five.-f- And, before the close of year, Dee, Chancellor of Sarum was promoted to the Deanery of Chichester. J In L()3l, William Eoster, a country clergyman, who had been educated at St. John's, and was now Chaplain to Robert Lord Dormer, Earl of Carnarvon and Master of his Majesty's * Wood's Annals, vol. ii. p. 366—370, and 385—391. f " He departed this life 1630, in the thirtieth year of his Bishopric, on the thir- tieth of August, who kept a good house whilst he lived, and yet raised a family to knightly degree." — Fuller's Worthies, p. 207. " Thomas Dove, D.D. and Dean of Norwich, sometimes of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, and one of the first scholars of Jesus Coll. in Oxon, succeeded Richard Howland 1600, in the Bishoprick of Peterborough, to which See Queen Elizabeth (to whom he was Chaplain in Ordinary) preferred him for h^s excellency in preaqhing, and reverend aspect and deportment. He died 30 Aug. 1630, aged 75 years, iand,was buried in the North Isle of the Cathedral Church of Peterborough,; over whose gr^ye was a comely monument erected, with a large inscription thereon, but leveed with the ground by the Rebels in 1643." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 697. % Le Neve's Fasti, p. 61. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 667 Hawks, published his " Hoplocrisma-Spongm, or a Sponge to wipe away the Weapon Salve, wherein is proved that the Cure taken up among us, by applying the Salve to the Weapon, is magical and unlawful." It is written very rationally, and shows great reading, but exposed him to the pointed animadversions of a zealous brother of the order of Rosa-Crucians, that dotard in chymistry, Dr. Flud.* Death, however, was at this time aiming his unerring darts at two most valuable lives, dear to Merchant-Taylors'. And, in the short space of four months, Rawlinson and Buckeridge were no more. The former of these had been Prebendary of Salisbury, Principal of St. Edmund's Hall, and Chaplain to the late King and the Lord Chancellor Egerton. By his will he gave six pounds per annum to the hall over which he had presided, on condition that a certain part was paid to a catechetical lecturer.-j- He was * Foster was born at London, became a student at St. John's Oxford in Mich. Term, 1609, aged 18, took the degree of M.A. and was presented to the living of Hedgley, near Beaconsfield, Berks. In 1629, he published a sermon on Rom. vi. 12. qu. In the composition of his Hoplocrisma-Spongm, " he had some light (says Wood) from Johannes Roberti, a Jesuit and D.D. who, because some Protestants practised this and characterical cures, (which, notwithstanding, are more frequent among Roman Catholics,) he therefore calls them Magi Calvinists, Characterists, &c. He makes that generally in them all doctrinal, which is but in some few personally prac- tised. This Will. Foster lived some years after the publication of his Sponge; but when he died, or what other things he hath extant, I cannot yet tell. Fludd's answer to him was first printed at London in qu. 1631, with this title, ' The Squeezing of Parson Foster's Sponge, ordained by him for the wiping away of the weapon Salve,' and afterwards at Goude in Holland, in fol. in 1638, with the title ' Responsum ad Soplocrisma-Spongum Mri Fosteri Presbyteri, ab ipso, ad ungenti Armani validilatem delendam ordinatum. Hoc est, spongia M. Fosteri Presbyteri expressio et elisio, &c." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 590 and 612. t " John Rawlinson, D.D. and Principal, bequeathed £6 yearly to rise and be paid from certain lands of his in Cassington, near, and in the county' of, Oxford, to the end, that the greater part of it (£4 yearly, I think,) be paid to a Catechist Lec- turer of this Hall, &c. an. 1631."— Wood's History of Colleges and Halls by Gutch, 4q2 668 THE HISTORY OF a man of great benevolence and publick spirit. And his memory was long respected in Shropshire, the last scene of his pastoral labours.* The other was, at the time of his decease, Bishop of Ely. -f He was a Prelate of great gravity and learning, and one that knew, as well as any man of his time, how to employ the two-edged sword of holy writ, of which he made good proof as the times required, brandishing it on the one side against the Papists, and p. 663. Gutch adds, in a note, that only £3 : 4 is paid to the Lecturer at pre- sent. * " John Rawlinson, afluent and florid preacher of his time, was bora in London, educated in grammaticals in Merchant-Taylors' School, elected scholar of St. John's Coll. 1591, aged 15, and was afterwards Fellow, M. A. and so great a frequenter of the pulpits in Oxon, that his name being cried up for an excellent theologisl, became successively Rector of Taplow in Bucks, Vi car of Asheldam in Esse x, prebendary of Sarum, D.D. Principal of St. Edmond's Hall, Chaplain to Tho. Egerton, Baron of Ellesmere, L. Chancellor of England, and in Ordinary to K. James I-. Rector of Celsy in Sussex, and of Whitechurch in Shropshire. In all which places he was much fol^ lowed for his frequent and edifying preaching, great charity, and public spirit. He hath published divers sermons, as — (1) The four Summons of the Shulamite, preached at Paul's Cross, on Cantic. vi. 12. Oxon, 1606, in oct. — (2) Fishermen Fishers of Men, on Math. iv. 19. Lond. 1609, qu.— -(3) The Romish Judas, preached on the 5th of Nov. 1610, on Luke, xxii. 48. Lond. 1.611, qu. — (4) Mercy to a Beast, on Prov. xii. 1Q. Oxon, 1602, qu. — (5) Unmasking of the Hypocrite, preached at. St. Mary's, in Ox. on Luke, xxii. 48. Lond. 1616, qu. — (6) Vivat Rex.— Let the King Live, or God Save the King, on 1 Sam. x. 24. Ox. 1619, qu. — (7) The Dove-Hke Sou], on Ps.lv. 6. Oxon, 1625, qu. — (8) Lex Talionis, on Judg. i. 7. Ox. 1625, qu. —(9) Surprising of Heaven, on Mat. xi. 12. lb. 1625, qu. — (10) The Bridegroom and Bride, on Cant. iv. 8. lb. 1622, &c. qu. Which four last sermons, viz. the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th, were all published together under the title of Quadriga Salutis, or Four Quadragesimal Sermons, &c. These are all the sermons of his publication, that I have yet seen ; and whether he be the author of an Explication of the Creed, Ten Commandments, and Lord's Prayer, which is published under the name of Raw- linson in oct. I know not. He departed this mortal life 3d_J moriah, p. 19, 8tc. — The whole account is worthy the perusal of the curious Rea- der. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 675 the feast,, which was given with more splendour than cordiality ; and on their return westwards, amused the citizens with a repe- tition of their masque.* The Company, however, though pleased with the applauses bestowed on Shirley and Whitelocke, for the share they had in conducting these short-lived pomps, felt a far livelier interest in the popularity of Juxon. Recollecting with pride that the Bishop of London had been a scholar of their own, and had gone by election from their school to the college founded by Sir Thomas White, a brother of their fraternity, they came to a resolution, on the 8th of February, to present his Lordship with a bason and ewer of silver, of the value of an hundred nobles, " as a token of their love."f Nor could they see that Juxon's promotion was not likely to be a solitary instance of the sovereign's special fa- vour to their scholars, without feelings of self-congratulation. On the 9th of April, Dee, Dean of Chichester, was elected. * Annals of the Reign of King Charles I. fol. p. 450. f " Whereas the Right Reverend Father in God the Lord Bishopp of London way sometimes a schoiler in the Companies Grammar Schoole at St. Laurence Pountneyes, and by eleccon wnt from thence to the Colleadge of St. John's in Oxon, where he hath bin and continued divers years President of that Colledge, and bin very re- spectfull and helping unto them in their eleccons, for sending of schollars out of theire schoole to the same Colleadge, and by the grace of God and his Ma" special] favour is preferred to the place and dignity of Bpp of London, this Court doth thinke fitt, and soe order, that our M~r and Wardens shall forthwith provide and buy a bason and ewer of silver of the value of an hundred nobles or thereabouts, to be presented to his Lordshipp as a token of their love and thanckfullnes for his good respect ever shewed towards this Company, with their earnest desire for the continuance of his Lordshipps favour towards them in all their lawfull occasions."— See minutes of court, 8 Feb. 1634. I am the more particular in drawing the Reader's attention to the fact of Juxon's being elected from Merchant-Taylors' on the foundation ofi St. John's, because Whitelocke, in his Memorials, has most unaccountably stated, that "he was a Commoner in that College," p. 24. in which error he has been followed by many of the biographers of that worthy Prelate. 4 R 2 076 I'HE HISTORY OF Bishop of Peterborough. He was consecrated on the 18th of May, enthroned by proxy on the 28th of that month, and had the tem- poralities restored on the 7th of June.* And within a few months afterwards, Mathew Wren, Dean of Windsor, was likewise raised to the Episcopal Bench. But, before we proceed to the circumstances that attended his elevation, we must pay the last tribute of respect to Sir William Paddie, who died in Decem- ber this year. He was one of the first physicians of his time. He was highly valued by the principal men in his profession, especially by Sir Theodore de Mayerne. And so highly did the late King James esteem his ability that he made him his own physician, and knighted him. He was buried in the chapel of St. John's College, to which he had been a considerable bene- factor.^- Mathew Wren, it must be premised, having been created Doc- tor of Divinity at Cambridge, on the 5th of March last, was shortly after installed one of the Prebendaries of Westminster. In the course of the Summer, he was chosen a Governor of the Charter-House. J And, in November, Lindsel, Bishop of Here- ford, dying, the Archbishop sent Mr. Dell totell Dr. Mathew Wren, that the King would bestow the vacant See upon him, and the Deanery of Windsor upon his brother Christopher. He was accordingly elected Bishop of Hereford on the 5th of December ; but the Archbishop's chapel at Lambeth not being ready, his consecration was deferred till the second week in the following lent.§ Meanwhile, on the 22d of January, 1635, he resigned the Mastership of Peter-House ;|| and on the 6th of Fe- * Le Neve's Fasti, p. 239. f Wood's Fasti, vol. i. col. 142 and 159. J Biographia Britannica, Art. Wren. § Parentalia, p. 50. || Le Neve's Fasti,- p. 421. MERCHANT-TAYkORs' SCHOOL. 6?7 bruary, the Fellows of that College put his brother Christopher, though an Oxonian, (who, on the 5th of July, 1630, had been in- corporated B.D. and created D.D. at Cambridge,) in nomination to succeed him. But White, Bishop of Ely, to whom the choice belonged by the statutes, preferred his competitor Dr. Cosihs, afterwards Dean of Peterborough and Bishop of Durham, who was accordingly admitted on the 8th of that month.* On the 8th of March, Mathew Wren was consecrated Bishop of Hereford, and, presently after, his spare time was taken up in framing an Office for the Consecration of a Church at Dore, in Herefordshire, and converting the impropriation into a clerical Rectory, being the gift of John Lord Scudamore, whose departure on his embassy to France was staid upon the dispatch of this business, which was executed by the Bishop of St. David's. In the next place, preparing for the visitation of his diocese, and calling for the Statutes of the Cathedral, and finding they had none duly authorised, he compiled an entire body of Statutes for the government of that Church, and the College of Vicars, and Hos- pitals belonging to it.-f- In the following month, he resigned the Deanery of Windsor, and the Office of Registrar of the Garter, in both which dignities he was succeeded by his brother Chris- topher.;]; * Atwood's Memoirs, p. 44. — Le Neve's Fasti, p. 421. "T It appears that they had two books of Statutes, one of some antiquity, though without a date and of no authority, inscribed, Hee sunt Leges et Constitutioiies Ecclesiee Herefordensis. The other was a book of Statutes compiled by Bishop Whitgift, then of Worcester, upon a mandate from Q. Elizabeth, but never confirmed by her. The Statutes compiled by Wren, during the short time he sat in this See, were confirmed soon after. — Biographia Britannica, Art. Ween. J He was installed Dean April 4, and sworn into the Registrary on the 7th. He was also made, at the same time, Dean of Wolverhampton in Staffordshire. And, in 1638, he was presented to the rich rectory of Horseley in Oxfordshire.— Jshmole's History of the Garter, pp. 203. 641, and Biographia Britannica, Art. Ween. 678 THE HISTORY OP On the 8th of April, John Edwards, Fellow of St. John's, was chosen senior Proctor of the University of Oxford.* And shortly after, Baylie, the President of that College, going to Salisbury to be installed Dean of that Church, Dr. John Speed, one of the Fellows, son of the celebrated chronologer, wrote a Pastoral-, enti- tled " Stonehenge," during his absence, which was acted in the Hall with great applause at his return.-f And about the same time, Whitelocke, who had been recently called to the bar, delivered, with great applause, a charge at the Quarter Sessions at Oxford, though totally unprepared for it. .About the 20th of August, the King without any warning given, removed to Oatlands; and seeing Bishop Wren arrive there the next day, in discharge of his duty, he smiled upon him, sayings " I'll reward your diligence. I hear the Bishop of Norwich is dead, and Til remove you thither," (giving him his hand to kiss.) " But I'll have you go and despatch the visitation you have warned at Hereford, before you remove." Wren besought his Majesty not to put that upon him ; for besides that it would be construed a point of great arrogance in him, it would undo him too. For having some tenants, that desired not to renew their leases till he should come down among them, if he went now, he should receive nothing, though it would cost him a hundred pounds, nor be able to perform his promise to them, his Majesty having ordered that no Bishop after he is named to remove, should let any lease. "I'll trust you," said the King, " how many tenants have been with you ?" Wren answered " Five." " I give you leave (said the King) for them." In his visitation Dr. Richardson, the Dean, having an inhibition upon him out of the Archbishop's Court, and thinking his peculiar jurisdiction would be prejudiced, the Bishop was not a little glad of it ; for this shortened his stay, and he * Wood's Fasti byGutch, p. 127. t This Pastoral was never printed. — Wood's Athene, voh i. col: 631. JHEECHANT-TAYLQEs' SCHOOL. 679 « forced the Dean to be visited by his Chancellor the week before he removed. He spent three days in visiting the chapter, finding there several very learned and reverend men, far from rigid puri- tanism, with which they had been slandered. He left them the Book t)f Statutes he had compiled, to be considered of, contracted with four of the five tenants, received of them five hundred pounds ; and, in a fortnight returned, and gave the King an ac- count of all. " But what have you done with the fifth lease ?" said the King. " Reserved it (replied Ween) to your Majesty's wisdom/' The case was this : Mr. Geery of London, who had the fifth tenantcy to the impropriation of Dilvin, had moved to add a life to his lease, but before the Bishop came thither, a second life being fallen, his agents proffered a thousand pounds for a new lease, for three such lives as they should name. . But Ween con- sidered that it was worth ,£300 a year, had a convenient house upon it within three or four miles of Hereford, and the remaining life, Dr. Robotham's widow, above 60 years old ; so that never could come a fairer opportunity to augment the bishoprick, if the King would see that no succeeding Bishop should lease it, but hold it only as demesnes for his time. The King was greatly pleased with this instance of generosity, and told Ween that he had done like an honest churchman j and began to acquaint him with a resolution which he had in his mind, to augment the lesser bishopricks, if fairly he could. On the removal of Ween to Nor- wich, on the 5th of December, his successor received orders from the King not to renew the lease of Dilvin, but to let it run out for the improvement of the see.* On the 27th of December, Boyle, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore, yielded up his last breath, and was buried in the Cathe- dral Church of the Holy Trinity, at Waterford, leaving behind him * Parentalia, p. 50, 5h 680 THE HISTORY OF a brother, named Richard, Archbishop of Tuam, and a nephew, named Michael, who was afterwards Archbishop of Dublin.* In the Diocese of London, Houghton, Rector of St. Mary's, Aldermanbury ; Simpson, Curate and Lecturer of St. Margaret's, New Fish-Street; Goodwin, Vicar of St. Stephen's, Coleman- Street; and Viner, Lecturer of St. Laurence's, in the Old Jewry, were convented for breach of canons. But upon their promise of amendment and submission, Jtjxon proceeded no further against them.-f- I cannot, however, conclude the account of this year without noticing that it was marked with a pleasing act of filial piety, on the part of William Sutton, Bachelor of Divinity of Christ Church, Oxford, who lamenting that a book written by his late father William Sutton, of the same College, had stolen into the press and come out full of faults, to the injury of his parent's reputa- tion, who had been an excellent scholar and divine, published a correct edition of it, under the title of " The Falsehood of the Chief Grounds of the Romish Religion, described and convinced in a brief Answer to certain Motives sent by a Priest to a Gentleman, to induce him to turn Papist."!. * Wood's Athense, vol. i. col. 73a. f " Most, if not all, of these men, went into the Rebellion afterwards, and were remarkable for their misbehaviour." — See Laud's Annual Account of his Provinces, and Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 763. J " William Sutton, a citizen's son, was born in London, sent by his relations from Merchant-Taylors' School to Ch. Ch. in 1578, aged 15, or thereabouts, took the degrees in arts, entred into the sacred function, and, in the year 1592, was admitted to the reading of the sentences; about which time he was Parson of Blandford St. Mary in Dorsetshire, and Vicar of Sturminster Marshal in the same county. He was a very learned man, an excellent orator, Latinist, Grecian, and preacher. He had a well furnished library, wrote much, but ordered his son to print nothing after his death. All that was made public in his life time, was only this : " The Falshood of the Chief Grounds of the Romish Religion, descried and con- vinced in a brief Answer to certain Motives sent by a Priest to a Gentleman to induce MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 681 On Sunday, the 6th of March, 1636, Juxon, Bishop of London and Dean of his Majesty's Chapel, was made Lord High Treasurer of England, an office which no churchman had held since William Grey, Bishop of Ely, in the time of Henry VI.* On the 20th of that month, the University of Oxford wrote a letter of congratu- lation to him.f But, though this exaltation procured him much envy, his enemies did not pretend to question his ability for the place. They even allowed, that if he had not been an ecclesiastick, he would have been one of the best and most unexceptionable persons, whom the King could have called to the post.;}: On this him to turn Papist.— Which book stealing into the press, and coming out full of faults, . his son Will. Sutton, B.D. of Christ Ch. corrected and reprinted it after his father's death. Lond. 1635, in 8vo. or 12mo. He finished his course about the latter end of Oct. 1632, and was buried in the Church of Blandford St. Mary before-mentioned. I have been informed ihat other things of our author Will. Sutton were published after his death, but such I have not yet seen." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 577. * This high office was obtained for him by the interest of Archbishop Laud, who, in all the services he rendered to Juxon, was guided by his persuasion, that no one was better calculated to promote the welfare of the Church. " I pray God (says the Archbishop in his Diary) bless him to carry it so, that the Church may have honour, and the King and the State service and contentment by it : And now, if the Church will not hold up themselves, under God I can do no more." — See Rushworth's Histo- rical Collection, voL ii. p. 288. •j- See Wood's Annals, vol ii. p. 402. f The grounds on which the nobility thought themselves injured by this honour being conferred on Juxon, are thus stated by the great Lord Clarendon. " The Trea- surer's is the greatest office of benefit in the kingdom, and the chief in precedence next the Archbishops and the Great Seal ; so that the eyes of all men were at gaze who should have this great office; and the greatest of the nobility, who were in the chiefest employments, looked upon it as the prize of one of them : such offices com- monly making way for more removes and preferments ; when, on a sudden, the Staff was put into the hands of the Bishop of London, a man so unknown, that his name was scarce heard of in the kingdom, who had been, within two years before but a private Chaplain to the King and the President of a poor college in Oxford " — See the History of the Rebellion, edit. 1732, 8vo. vol. i. p. 99- But the honourable, as well as politick, reasons which induced Laud to advise the appointment, are already detailed by the judicious Dr. Heylin. Laud being appointed one of the Commis- 4. s $82 THE HISTORY OF advancement he resigned the Deanery of his Majesty's Chapel, sioners of the Treasury, " carries on the commission the whole year about, acquaints himself with the mysteries and secrets of it, viz.— The honest advantages which the Lord Treasurers had for enriching themselves (to the value of seven thousand pound a year and upwards, as I have heard from his own mouth,) without defrauding the King, or abusing the Subject. He had observed, that divers Treasurers, ■ of late years, had raised themselves from very mean and private fortunes to the titles and estates of Earls, which he conceived could not be done without wrong to both; andtherefore he resolves to commend such a man to his Majesty for the next Lord Treasurer, who, having no family to raise, no wife and children to provide for, might better manage the incomes of the Treasury to the King's advantage than they had been formerly. And who more likely to come into his eye for that preferment than Juxon, his old and trusty friend, then Bishop of London ; a man of such a well tempered disposition as gave exceeding great, content both to Prince and People, and due whom he knew capable of as much instruction as by a whole year's experience in the commission for the Trea- sury he was able to give him. It was much wondered at when first the Staff was put into this man's hand ; in doing whereof the Archbishop was generally conceived nei- ther to have consulted his own present peace, nor his future safety. Had he studied his own present peace, he should have given Cottington leave to put in for it, who, being Chancellor of the Exchequer, pretended himself to be the next in that ascen- dant, the Lord Treasurer's associate while he lived, and the presumptive heir to that office after his decease. And had he studied his own safety and preservation for the time to come, he might have made use of the power by recommending the Staff to the Earls of Bedford, Hertford, Essex, the Lord Say, or some such man of popular nobility; by whom he might have been reciprocrated by their strength and interest with the people in the change of times. But he preferred his Majesty's advantages before his particular concernment, the safety of the publick before his own. Nor did he want some seasonable considerations in it for the good of the Church. The peace and quiet of the Church depended much on the conformity of the City of London, and London did as much depend in their trade and payments upon the love and jus- tice of the Lord Treasurer of England. This therefore was the more likely way to conform the citizens to the direction of their Bishop, and the whole kingdom unto them ; no small encouragement being thereby given to the London Clergy for the im- proving of their tythes. For, with what confidence could any of the o\d cheats ad- venture on a public examination in the Court of Exchequer (the proper court for suits and grievances of that nature) when a Lord Bishop of London sate therein as the principal judge?" — Cyprianus Jnglicanus, p. 285. — The office of Lord High Trea- surer of England has since been put in commission. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 683 in which he was succeeded by Bishop Wren, then on the point of making his first visitation, which he performed in a manner highly satisfactory to his Majesty and the Metropolitan.* On the * The exemplary manner in which Wren performed this duty is evident from Laud's certificate, and the King's notes upon it, extracted from the Archbishops' Register. " For this diocese, my Lord of Norwich hath given me a very careful and particular account, very large, and in all particulars very considerable ; and I shall return it to your Majesty as briefly as I can reduce it. And, first, he hath for this Summer, but by your Majesty's leave, lived (from both his episcopal houses) in Ips- wich, partly because he was informed that that side of his diocese did most need his presence, and he found it so; and partly because the chapel at his house in Norwich was possessed by the French Congregation ; but warning has been given to provide elsewhere by Easter next. His lordship found a general neglect of catechising, but hath restored it; and in Norwich, as there wa,s no sermon on Sunday in the morning, but all put off till the afternoon, and so no catechising, he hath ordered a sermon in the morning and catechising in the afternoon. For lecture, they abounded with many set up by private gentlemen, without the knowledge of the Ordinary,' and without due observation of the course or discipline of the Church : divers of them he has regu- lated, especially at St. Edmundsbury, and with their very good content. And at Ipswich, it is not unknown to them, that now Mr. Ward stands censured in the High Commission and obeys not, yet the Bishop was ready to have allowed them another, if they would have sought him, but they resolve to have Mr. Ward or none; and that, as is conceived, in despite of the censure of the -Court. At Yarmouth, where there was, great division heretofore for many years, their Lecturer, being censured in the High Commission, about two years since wecit into New England ; since which time there has been no lecture, and very much peace in the town, and all ecclesiastical orders well observed. Bat, in Norwich, one Mr. Bridge, rather than conform, hath left his lecture and two cures, and is gone into Holland. The King: let him go, we are xmeU berid of him. The lecturers in the country generally observe no Church orders at all, and yet the Bishop hath carried it with temper; and upon their promises, and his hopes of conformity, he hath instituted but three in Norfolk, and as many in Suf- folk, of which one is no graduate, and hath been a common stage-player. His Lord- ship humbly craves direction what he shall do with such scholars, some in holy orders and some not, as knights and private gentlemen keep in their houses, under pretence to teach their children ; as also with some divines that are beneficed in towns or neai> but Jive in gentlemen's houses for the most part. I think it very fit that the beneficed men were commanded to reside upon their cures; and for the rest, your Majesty's instructions allow none to keep Chaplains but such as are qualified by law. All which 4s 2. 0*84 THE HISTOttY OF first day of the next term, Juxon was conducted in great state from London-House to Westminster- Hall, the Archbishop of Can- terbury riding by him, and most of the Lords and Bishops about town, with many gentlemen of chief note and quality, following, by two and two, to make up the pomp.* Soon after this, London being infected with the plague, the King, Queen, and Court, went to Oxford; and, as the scholars of Merchant-Taylors' bore no inconsiderable part in the reception and entertainment of these illustrious guests, a few circumstances I humbly submit, as the Bp. doth, to your Majesty's judgment. The King : I approve of your judgment in this; I only add, that care must be taken that even those qualified by law keep none but conformable men. For Recusants, whereas formerly there were wont to be but two or three presented, his Lordship hath caused above forty to be indicted at the last Assizes at Norwich; and at the Assizes in Suffolk he delivered a list of such as were presented, upon the oath of the Churchwardens to the Lord Chief Justice, and his Lordship delivered it to the Grand Jury ; but they slighted it, pretending the Bishop's certificate to be no evidence : but the true reason is conceived to be, because he had also inserted such as had been presented to him for Recusant Separatists as well as Recusant Romanists. The King: Bishop's certificate in this case must be most unquestionable evidence. His Lordship's care hath been such, as that, though there are above fifteen hundred clergymen in that diocese and many disorders, yet there are not thirty excommunicated or superseded ; whereof some are for contumacy and will not yet submit ; some for obstinate refusal to publish your Majesty's declaration ; and some for contemning all the orders and rites of the Church, and intruding themselves, without license from the Ordinary, for many years together. Last of all, he found that one half of the churches had not a Clerk able to read and to answer the Minister in divine service, by which means the people were wholly disused from joining with the Priest, and, in many, so much as saying Amen; but, concerning this, his Lordship hath taken care for a reformation. If this account, given in by his Lordship of Nor- wich, be true, as I believe it is, and ought to believe till it can be disproved, he hath deserved very well of the Church of England, and hath been very ill rewarded for it. His humble suit to your Majesty is, that you will be graciously pleased in your own good time to hear the complaints that have been made against him, and that he may not be overborne by an outcry for doing service. The King: His suit is granted, and assuredly his negative consequence shall follow." This remarkable record is printed in Parentalia, p. 47. * Heylin's Cyprianus Anglicanus, p. S85. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 685 attending this royal visit to the University, may here put in their claim to the reader's attention. On the evening of Monday, the 29th' of August, the Chancellor, accompanied by Juxon the Lord Treasurer, Wren Bishop of Norwich, and the heads of the University, went from St. John's College towards Wood- stock to meet the King. On their return, the procession stop- ped at the gate of St. John's, when Atkinson, who had been Proctor in 1629, delivered a speech to his Majesty, very brief, but much approved of, as the King told Laud after the ceremony was over. That night the Royal Party were lodged at Christ Church. Next morning they proceeded to St. John's, where, by his Majesty's leave, his nephews,* Charles Prince Elector Palatine and his brother Prince Rupert, were en- tered in the Buttery Book. That done, the Chancellor showed them the new building which, at his own charge, he had lately erected, and attended them up the library stairs, where, as soon as they began to ascend, some musicians above entertained them with a short song fitted and timed to the ascending the stairs. In the library they were welcomed to the College in an English speech spoken by Abraham Wright,-^ another of the Fellows, who, when * These Princes were sons of the King's sister Elizabeth, by Frederick Elector Palatine, who had died 19th Nov. 1632; and the business of the elder one in Eng- land at this time was to solicit his uncle to procure his restoration. — Rushworth's His- torical Collection, torn. ii. p. 183. f " Abraham Wright, son of Rich. Wright, citizen and silk dyer of London, son of Jeff. Wright, of Longborough in Leicestershire, was born in London on the 23d of Decemb. 1611, elected scholar of St. John's Coll. an. 1629, elected Fellow in 1632, and, having then a genie which inclined him to poetry and rhetoric, did, while he was an under-graduate, write, but not print, a comical entertainment, called 'The Reformation,' presented before the university at St. John's Coll. and when Bach, of Art, made his Collection of ' Delitia Poetarum,\\) being then .esteemed also an exact (1) Site Epigrammatum ex optimis quibusque hujus novissimi Seculi Poetis in amplissima ilia Bib. Bodleiana, et pene omnino alibi extantibus «rt<*n<« in unum corollum covnexa, 686 THE HISTORY OF a boy at school, had attracted the notice of Juxon, then President of the College, by his correct enunciation of what he had to deliver. After dinner, Laud attended their Majesties into a drawing-room, where they stopped about an hour. In the mean time he caused the windows of the Hall to be shut, candles lighted, and all things made ready for a play, called " The Hospitall of Lovers," written by George Wilde, who was likewise a Fellow of the College. When every arrangement was made, the Chancellor gave notice to the King and Queen, and attended them into the Hall by a private way from the lodgings without any inconvenience. That the Hall might be kept fresh and cool, there was no admission till after the entrance of their Majesties. The Princes, nobility, and ladies, came in the same way with the King ; and when they were seated, another door was opened at the lower end of the Hafl for the rest of the company. All being settled, the play began. The plot was good, and so was the acting. It was merry and inoffen- sive, and gave great satisfaction. In the middle of the performs ance, Laud ordered a short banquet for the company. And, when the play was over, their Majesties went to Christ Church, from which college they took their leave of the University about eight o'clock next morning, being Wednesday the 51st of August; on the evening of which day the Chancellor gave an entertain- ment, in the same room where the King had dined the day before* to all the Lords, heads of houses, Doctors, Proctorsy and private friends in the University, to whom he declared his joy that every thing had gone off to the approbation of the King and honour of his College, which was at that time so well furnished with members, capable and glad of displaying theatrical talent on such an occasion, that they had not borrowed a single actor from any master of the Latin tongue. On the 24th of September, 1637, our Author Weight took holy orders from Dr. Francis White, Bishop of Ely, in the Chappel at Ely-House in Holbourn, near London."-— Wood's Atkenm, vol. ii. col. 843, 845.' MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. $8? other house to complete their corps. George Wilde, John Goad, Humphry Brook, Edmond Gayton, and Jobjst Hy- field, were among the principal performers."* On the 13th of December, the Merchant-Taylors' Company ordered their Master to provide, against New Year's Day, two hogsheads of claret, as a present to the Lord High Treasurer.^ . "While Juxon, however, was thus receiving congratulations on his accumulated distinctions, Jones, the ornament of the Eng- lish Benedictines, was preparing altogether to quit a world, the enjoyment of which he had long from religious motives aban- doned. This respectable character, soon after he had taken his Bachelor's degree in Laws, embraced the Romish religion, and determined for conscience sake to leave his college, his friends, and his country. On quitting St. John's, he went into Spain, and became a Monk of the Order of St. Benedict at Compostella, changed his name to Leander de Sancto Martino, and took the degree of Doctor in Divinity. Thence he went to Doway, where he discharged the office of Publick Professor of Divinity and Hebrew in the College of St. Vedast for several, years. He was Prior of the Benedictine College of St. Gregory there, and the de- signed Abbot of Cismar in Germany, Vicar-General also to the Eng- lish Benedictines of the Spanish Congregation, living out of Spain, twice President or Chief Superior of the Benedictines in England, and Titular Prior of the Roman Catholick Church of Canterbury. He was a person of extraordinary eloquence, thoroughly skilled * Wood's Annals, vol. ii. p. 407 — 412, and Athens, vol. ii. col. 833. "f " It is thought fitt, and soe ordered, that our M~r shall buy and provide against New Yeares Tide, foure hogsheads of clarret wyne, viz. two hogsheads to be sent to the Right Honorable and Most Reverend Father in God the Lord Archbishop of Can- .Herlwiry his Grace, and the other twoe hogsheads to the Right Honourable and Right Reverend Father in God the Lord Rishopp of London Lord High Thfer of England, as of the Companies guift unto them."— See minutes of court, 13 Dec. 1636. 688 THE HISTORY OF in all arts and sciences, beloved of all who knew him and his worth, and hated by none but the Puritans and Jesuits. Towards his latter end he had been invited into England by Laud, who had been his chamber- fellow at St. John's, and now wished to consult with him on. some important controversial points. He paid his last debt to nature on the 17th of December, having been much vexed in his time by the Jesuits, and was buried in the Chapel of the Capuchins in Somerset-House in the Strand. He had been Ordinary of the Dames or Nuns of our Lady of Com- fort, of Cambray, of the Order of St. Benedict, and Spiritual Father to them for many years.* It is now proper to observe, that the King,, on returning from Scotland, had left to the care of his Bishops there to provide such a Liturgy, and such a Book of Canons, as might best suit the nature and humour of the better sort of the Scots, to which it was supposed the rest would easily submit. His Majesty further directed them to transmit the result of their labours to the Arch- bishop of Canterbury, who, with the assistance of Juxon, Bishop of London, and Wren, Bishop of Norwich, was to peruse and correct the said books. But Juxon having his hands full of his * " John Jones was born in London, but descended from a family of his name, living at Llan Vrinach in Brecknockshire, elected scholar/ of St. John's from Mer- chant-Taylors' School in 1591, aged 16, and soon after became chamber-fellow there with Will. Laud, who was 'afterwards .Arch, of Canterbury. This person being entred and settled in a Jurists place, he applied himself to the study of the civil law, and made a considerable progress therein. — Our author hath written Sacra Ars Me- mories ad Scripturas divinas in promptu habendas, memoriterque ediscendas, accommodata. Duac. 1623, oct. At the end of which is. this book following, Conciliatio locorum cpm- munium totius Scripture. Besides the said two, he hath other things which I have not yet seen. He also set forth the Bible with glosses in six large volumes, the works also (as 'tis said) of Ludov. Blosius, and had a hand in that elaborate work, entit. Apostolatus Benedictinorum in Jnglia, fyc. published by Clem. Reyner, 1626." — Wood's Athena, vol. i. col. 604. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 689 own business, Laud had no coadjutor in the review but Wren, who was however the best qualified for the task, by reason of his great learning and particular acquaintance with the old liturgies of the Greek and Latin Churches. After some alterations made by these Prelates, with the consent of the Delegates from the Scotch Bishops, the Canons and Liturgy were presented to the King, who rejoiced at seeing the good work so forward, was pleased to signify his royal approbation of what had been done, and ordered the Canons to be observed and the Liturgy to be read in all the Churches in Scotland, the Proclamation to which effect bears date on the 20th of December.* And though to this pro- ceeding, it has been fashionable to impute all the tumults and confusions which ended in rebellion in that kingdom, it is but justice to observe, that whatever cause of offence was given to the people of that country originated not from the English but from the Scotch Bishops, to whom his Majesty sent instructions, that, notwithstanding, he had established the Service Book by his authority, they were to proceed with all moderation, and dispense with all such things as the nation were either not well persuaded of, or concerning which they wished for further information, hop- ing that time and reason might bring them to a chearful acqui- escence in them. But this cautious advice and direction being unheeded by the Prelates in Scotland, they excited a popular dis- like against a most excellent composition, by their weak, impolitick, and unseasonable conduct.-^ * Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, b. ii. p. 874. Ed. 1706, folio.— Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. b. ix. p. 767, &c. Ed. 1714, folio. f Archbishop Laud, in his Diary, observes, that the misfortunes which ensued were apparently owing to the conduct of the Scottish Bishops, upon whom the Lords of the Council likewise, in their complaint to the King of the tumults, spared not to lay the greatest blame; and this he thought a sufficient vindication of his Majesty and the three English Prelates.— Rmhworth's Collections, vol. i. P. II. pp. 321, 387, 390. 4 T 690 THE HISTORY OF At the beginning of the commotions in Scotland, many solici- tations were made to White locke on the behalf of the Cove- nanters, to engage him in their cause. But this he peremptorily declined, and used his best endeavours to dissuade his friends from fomenting those growing publick differences, from which he appre- hended great and evil consequences would ensue.* The English Puritans however, finding the Scotch disconcerted, struck in with the humour, and played their libels upon the Hie- rarchy. In the dioceses of London and Norwich, several gross misdemeanours took place. Dr. Cornelius Burgess, in a Latin sermon before the London Clergy, threw out several insolent pas- sages against the Bishops and Government of the Church, and refused to give his Diocesan a copy of the discourse. One Mr. Wharton, a clergyman in Essex, delivered an indiscreet and scur- rilous sermon at Chelmsford, but, on receiving a Canonical admo- nition, was brought to submission. The metropolis was inundated, with factious and malicious pamphlets against the Ecclesiastical Constitution, which Juxon said, be had good: ground to believe were countenanced, if not written, by some of his own clergy. But it was the Diocess of Norwich, in which the canons and dis- cipline of the Church were more particularly outraged. How- ever, Wren treated the offenders with temper, upon promise of conformity. And, though Burton, in his scandalous invective, made a tragical complaint of persecution in the counties of Nor- folk and Suffdlk, which form the Diocess of Norwich, it was evi- dent to every unprejudiced observer, that the Bishop had not exercised any unnecessary strictness. Notwithstanding the gene- ral progress of Puritanism in that district, there were not above thirty Clergymen, Lecturers included, that lay under any sort of Ecclesiastical censure. Of these, but sixteen were suspended. * Whitelocke's Memorials. Edit. 1732. p. 30. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 691 And of these sixteen, eight had their restraints discharged, and were referred to a further time of trial. And yet Wren was the man whom Burton represented to his auditors as a greater per- secutor than the Bloody Mary.* About this time several captives, who had been ransomed, re- turning to their respective homes in the neighbourhood of Exeter, the Bishop of that Diocess was somewhat at a loss with what penance and form these people, who had renounced Christianity, might be re-admitted into the Church. But his Lordship having acquainted the Archbishop with his embarrassment, it was referred to Bishop Juxon, Bishop Wren, and another Prelate to draw tip an office of penance and reconciliation of aRenegado, or Apostate from the Christian religion to Turcism. And, shortly after, the form which they agreed upon was regularly approved by the Arch- bishop, and confirmed' by his Majesty.-f Wren had now sat in the See of Norwich upwards of two years, under circumstances which would have disheartened any man of a less primitive character. In several, towns, where the population was small, the Churches were turned into barns for the accommodation of the Lords of the Manors, and in others those sacred edifices lying in ruins, the inhabitants were thrust upon neighbouring' parishes for the performance of the offices of religion: to the interruption of all Church order.;]: But this state of things, so disgraceful to a Christian country, served only to render him more zealous in the discharge of his Episcopal: duty. Neither obloquy nor personal danger could deter him from using his best endeavours to establish conformity throughout the Diocess * Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 770, 771, and Archbishop Laud's An- nual Account of his Province, l636'-7. f This excellent form may be seen in the Collection of Records at the end pf the second volume of Collier's Ecclesiastical History* Numb. CXII. J See Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 781. 4T2 692 THE HISTORY OF committed to his care. At the same time it is but justice to Charles's government to observe, that it afforded him its protec- tion as long as it was able to do so. While he was residing at Ipswich,* there was a riot against him, for which the parties concerned were prosecuted in the Star Chamber, by Sir John Banks the Attorney-General. There was also a conspiracy against his life discovered by Sir William. Bos- well, then resident in Holland, whose letters the King commanded Secretary Windebank, by post, to convey to him at Ludham, in Norfolk. And two petitions against him from Ipswich and Nor- wich were secretly conveyed to the King's hand, but his TVTajesty checked those who delivered them, and afterwards sent the peti- tions to the Bishop, with the names of the persons who were his enemies at Court. In April 1638, the King, by his letters from Newmarket, offered to remove him to Ely, but told him he would one day have an account from him of the Bishoprick of Norwich and its state. Wren answered, that an opportunity there would be, when he should be in his grave, but the King by God's grace still living to effect it, of making it one of the best Bishopricks in England ; or rather, if he should see it more for the publick good, to divide so great a diocese, (having in it 1200 titles) and make two competent ones of it, in which case their might be a Cathe- dral for Suffolk, either at Sudbury or St. Edmondsbury. In fur- ther detail of his plan, he observed that there were in it two Archdeaconries, and that a Deanery and four Prebends might without difficulty be raised upon benefices, and some other parti- culars in that county, within the gift of his Majesty and the Archbishop of Canterbury ; and that for supply of maintenance, there was a lease of the greatest part of the Bishoprick of Nor- * ( ' la 1636, Prynne first published his News from Ipswich, some extracts from which were afterwards taken to make the articles against the Bishop." — Biographia Britarmica. Art. Wken, . .. _ merchant-taylors' school. G93 wichj containing eighty parcels, granted at very low rates to Queen Elizabeth, by Dr. Scambler, one of his predecessors, which would well bear a treble reserved rent, and yet yield the lessor some com- petent fine, so that if when the said lease should be within twenty years of expiring, the King would order the then Bishop to grant no new lease of any parcel thereof, without reserving a treble rent upon the same, it would be an increase of a thousand pounds a year to that See. His Majesty liked the plan, and resolved to look to it.* And on the 5th of May Wren was translated to the See of Ely.-f- Qn the 8th of October, Dee, Bishop of Peterborough, a man much esteemed for his pious and affable behaviour, departed this life, and was buried at the upper end of the choir belonging to his cathedral.;}: He was mercifully spared the pain of witnessing the calamities which were now impending over the Church. He came to his grave in peace, ere the fanaticks of the age gained their triumph over the order to which he belonged. . But the Clergy were not the only persons, against whom enthu- siasm had waged hostilities. Poets and moral writers felt the severity of puritanical preciseness. Those in particular, who de- voted their talents to theTragick orComick Muse, however harm- less their wit and useful the morals of their pieces, were looked upon as the enemies of Christ and his religion, and lived in a state bordering on proscription. As an instance of which it may be observed, that when Shirley, after passing about a twelve- month in Ireland under the patronage of the Earl of Kildare, returned to England, which he did this year, hoping that at length * " But {says the Bishop in his Autograph in Parentalia, p. 52) God has taken him away, and at the writing hereof by Bishop Wren, May 0,5, 1660, the opportunity of doing this was at the height, the lease being within eight years of expiring." f Le Neve's Fasti, p. 212. % Wood's Fasti, p. 166. 694 THE HISTORY OF the stage would he '< recovered from her long silence," be found Prynne's anti-theatrical principles continuing to gain so fast upon the publick mind, that it was not without difficulty he con^ trived to support his wife and children by the effusions of his genius.* On the i#2d of December, 1639, Wuigut was ordained Priest by Bt*. Bancroft, Bishop of Oxford, at Christ Church Cathedral, on which occasion he preached a sermon on Deut. xxxiii. 8. in imitation of Bishop Hall's, stile, and it being well approved he wrote four others in as many different stiles : the first on St. Matth. ix. 15. in Bishop Andrewes's way, the second on. Cant. ii. %, in the way of Dr. Mayne and Mr. Cartwright, the third on St. Luke, xvi. 9« in the Presbyterian way, and the fourth on St. Luke, ix. 23. after the manner of the Independents, in order to show the difference between preachers bred up at the university and others, to let the people know that the former are ablie to accommodate themselves to the capacity of any auditory, and to. prove the folly of preferring the sermons of lay preachers to those of the clergy. These sermons were not published till some years, afterwards ; but his reputation for critical accuracy, and the specimen of pulpit oratory, which, he had given the clergy at his. own ordination, made him resorted to, as. an ellegant preacher, both at St, Mary's. Oxford and St. Paul's at Lojadon.rj- About Christmas this year, died the venerable Hutton, Pre- bendary of Exeter.^; As a man he was a patter© of every moral * See p. 673, note. •f " In 1643, he took to him a wife from Yarnton near Oxon." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 833. % " Having lived to the age of 74 years, he died in his vicaridge-house at St. Kewe in Cornwal befbre-mentionedi in the month of December (about Christmas Day), in 1639, and was buried in the chancel of the ehurch there. Some years after was a monument set up in the wall oyer his grave, with a large inscription thereon, part of which runs thus : — Fir optima Fide et moribus, 40 annos Eccksiastes, nulli optre MERCHANf-f AYLORS' SCHOOL. 6$5 virtue. As a scholar, he was distinguished for his skill in French and Italian 5 as well as classical literature. And as a divine, he was thoroughly " instructed unto the kingdom of Heaven."* In the beginning of 1640* Laud gave in to the King the last account of his province, which the disturbed state of publick affairs permitted. From this it appears that about a twelvemonth before there had been a warm contest in the pulpit between Good* win, Vicar of St. Stephen's, Coleman-Street, and some other City Ministers. The subject of their dispute was touching the act of believing, and the imputation of Christ's righteousness in the jus- tification of a sinner. And the people, it seems, were very much entangled and Uneasy with this controversy. The matter had been taken up by Juxotf and his Chancellor, and the parties had pro- mised to be quiet. But Goodwin had lately broken his engage* ment, revived the contest, and preached the Laity into their for- mer scruples. However, Juxon, with that charity which " hopeth all things," did not despair of a favourable issue. Norwich was now as conformable as any part of the kingdom : a reformation principally owing to the indefatigable exertions of Wren, while he presided over that Diocess* And had not the rebellion come on about this time, it is highly probable that that active Prelate would have been no less successful in administering the ecclesias- tical government of Ely, to which See he had been translated. , istangeUto stcundus, ecclesia it muiai captivus, sacris lectione precibvs aUtduiis, Septuagenarins illaso Vim, memdria dcUriiirie : HtefatuM santtfc Gr a xotrpo,; i^ot, *ayi t2 xoVjmb, being taken from Gal. vi. 14, and applied to the same purpose, and used with the same affection, that St. Paul there used the same. ' God forbid that I should glory save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Xt, by "whom the world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world/ In an holy imitation whereof, this defendant, who beareth divers coats of arms (as the use is) upon the said seal, viz. the arms of the See of Norwich and of Hereford, the Deanery of Windsor, and Mastership of Peter-House, together with his own paternal eoat of an ancient descent, considering with himself that these were emblems all, and badges but, of worldly and temporal glories, and desiring that the world should have aright apprehension of him, and to testify that he did noways glory in anything of this transitory world, but humbly endeavoured to wean himself from all temporal and vain rejoicings, he there- fore caused such a small figure of Christ on the cross to be set over the said coats, as professing by that, as he was only to preach Christ crucified, 1 Corinth, xxi. and that as he esteemed not to know any thing but Jesus Christ and him cr.ucified, 1 Cor. xi. 2, so much more he had and still would strive to take joy in none of these hfs honours and preferments, as they were human and worldly, but only would use them so as if he had them not, and as if he was dead and crucified to them, and they to 704 THE HISTORY OP notice to prepare for his trial on a day appointed, he composed a. long and nervous defence of himself with great courage and sere* nity of mind. But this being put into the hands of a lawyer, his reputed friend, for his advice in some points and forms of law, that person, though strictly enjoined to secresy, discovering, on the perusal, some things which he conceived might be very expedient for the prosecutors to be forewarned of, delivered up all the papers to the chief persons in power; whereupon the resolution of bringing him to trial for life was countermanded, and an order made by the House of Commons to continue him in prison in the Tower during pleasure. Meanwhile Weight, in residence at Oxford, drew up a nar- rative .of the Earl of Strafford's trial in Latin. It was entitled " Novissima Straffordii : sive Qucestio Straffordiana, prout h Parli- amento exercebatur ;" and is said to have been written in the stile of Tacitus. But, unfortunately, it was either lost in the confur sions of the grand rebellion, or consigned to the shelves of some hitherto unexplored library.* In January, 1642, during the debates about the militia, White- locke made a speech, wherein he declared it as his opinion, that the power of the militia was neither in the King alone, nor in the him ; but that his whole study, and rest, and rejoicing should be in the cross of our Lord Jesus, and unto it he would cause all his worldly estate, public and private, to stoop and do service. He then proceeds to declare, that this was all the affection intended by him, according to those words of the heavenly Spouse to his Church, Pone me ut Sigillum super Cor tuum. Cant. viii. 6. That it could not be done out of any Popish affection, since he had set his seal to the certificate of his presentments at the Assizes in Suffolk of two hundred Popish Recusants. He concludes, that, though the said seal lay all the year locked up in a chest but at the time of sealing, and that when any sealing was, there was no worship done by any one; and that as soon as he understood that any had taken scruple at it, he presently, to avoid all pre- tence of scandal, caused the said seal to be altered, and the figure of Xt to be wholly omitted." — Parentalia, p. 105. * See Wood's Athena?, vol. ii. col. 845. merchant-Taylors' school. 705 Parliament, but jointly in both, which sufficiently sihows how unwilling he was to arm the nation against their Prince.* But all accommodations about that important matter proved imprac- ticable. "Whitelogke indeed, apprehensive of the ensuing mi- series and troubles, spoke decidedly against raising an army for the pretended defence of the Parliament, and sensibly described the calamities of a civil war.f But being of a too flexible dis- * WfiitELbcKE's Memorials, p.55 . t His speech on this occasion was as follows : " Mr. Speaker,— The question Which Was last propounded about raising of forces, naming a general, and officers of an army., hath been very rare before this time, in this assembly, and it seems to me to set us at the pit's brink, ready to plunge ourselves into an ocean of troubles and miseries, and if it could be, into more than a civil war brings with it. Give me leave, Sir, "to consider this unhappy subject in the beginning, progress, and issue of it. Caesar tells us (attd he knew as much of civil war as any man before him) that it can- not be "begun sine malis artibus. Surely, Sir, our enemies of the Popish Church have left no -evil arts unessayed, to bring lis to our present posture, and will yet leave hone uhattempted to make our breaches wider, well knowing that nothing will more ad- vance their empire than our divisions. Our misery, whom they account Hereticks, is their joy, and our distractions will be their glory, and all evil arts and ways to bring calamities upon us, they will esteem meritorious. But, Sir, I look upon ano- ther beginning of our civil war; God blessed us with a long and flourishing peace, and we turned his grace into wantonness, and peace would not satisfy us without luxury, nor our plenty without debauchery : instead of sobriety and thankfulness for our mercies, we provoked the giver of them, by our sins and wickedness, to punish us (as we may fear) by a civil war* to make us executioners of divine vengeance upon ourselves. It is strange to note, how we have insensibly slid into this beginning of a civil war, by one unexpected accident after another, as waves of the sea, which have brought us thus far : and we Scarce know how, but from paper combates, by decla- rations, remonstrances, protestations, vote's, messages, answers, and replies ; we are now come to the question of raising forces, and naming a general and officers of an army. But what, Sir, may be the progress hereof, the Poet tells you, Jusque datum Sceleri canimus, Populumque potentem , In sua victrici conversurp Viscera Dextra. We must surrender up our laws, liberties, properties, and lives, into the hands of insolent mercenaries, whose rage and violence will command us, and all we have> 4 X 706 THE HISTORY OF position, as will appear by the sequel, he suffered himself to be and reason, honour, and justice, will leave our land ; the ignoble will rule the noble^ and baseness will be preferred before virtue, profaneness before piety. Of a potent people we shall make ourselves weak, and be the instruments of our own ruin, per- ditio tua ex te will be said to us ; we shall burn our own houses, lay waste our own fields, pillage our own goods, open our own veins, and eat our own bowels. You will hear other sounds, besides those of drums and trumpets, the clattering of armour, the roaring of guns, the groans of wounded and dying men, the shrieks of deflowred women, the cries of widows and orphans, and all on your account, which makes it the more to be lamented. Pardon, Sir, the warmth of my expression on. this argu- ment ; it is to prevent a flame, which I see kindled in the midst of us, that may con- sume us to ashes. The sum of the progress of civil war is the rage of fire and sword, and (which is worse) of brutish men. What the issue of it will be, no man alive can tell ; probably few of us now here may live to see the end of it. It hath been said, ' He that draws his sword against his Prince, must throw away the scabbard :' those differences are scarce to be reconciled; those commotions are like the deep seas, being once stirred, are not soon appeased. I wish the observation of the Duke de Rohan, in his 'Interest of Christendom,' may prove a caution, not a prophecy. He saith of England, ' That it is a great creature, which cannot be destroyed, but by its own hand.' And there is not a more likely hand than that of civil war to do it. The issue of all war is like a cast at dice, none can tell upon what square the Alea Belli will light. The best issue that can be expected of a civil war, Ubi Victor flet, et vic- tus perit; which of these will be our portion is uncertain, and the choice would be avoided. Yet, Sir, when I have said this, I am not for a tame resignation of our religion, lives, and liberties, into the hands of our adversaries, who seek to devour, us. Nor do I think it inconsistent with your great wisdom, to prepare for a just and necessary defence of them. It was truly observed by a noble gentleman, ' That if our enemies find us provided to resist their attempts upon us,, it will be the likeliest way to bring them to an accord with us.' And upon this ground I am for the ques- tion. But I humbly move you to consider, whether it be not yet too soon to come to it. We have tried by proposals of peace to his Majesty, and they have been rejected : Let us try yet again, and appoint a Committee who may. review our for- mer propositions. And where they find the matter of them (as our affairs. now are) fit to be altered, that they present the alterations to the House, and their opinions ;, and that, as far as may stand with the security of us and our cause, we may yield our endeavours to prevent the miseries which look black upon us, and to settle a good accommodation ; so that there may be no strife between, us and those of the othe? party, for we are brethren." — Whitblocke's Memorials, p. 60. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 707 drawn aWay by the torrent. Accordingly, in the month of May, be accepted the office of Deputy-Lieutenant of the counties of Bucks and Oxford,* and having a gallant company of horse under his command he dispersed the Commissioners of Array at Watlington. On this he marched to Oxford, of which he was named a fit person to be governour, on account of his acquaint- ance with the principal persons in the university, city, and county. But the Lord Say, Lieutenant of Oxfordshire, did not approve the scheme of placing a garrison in that quarter. However, it is much to be lamented that from this juncture Whitelocke became deeply implicated in opposing the King, though he never ceased to labour for peace.-f* In the mean time, Bishop Wren, and eleven other Prelates, who had been impeached by the Commons, and sent to the Tower for signing a protestation asserting their right to sit in Parliament, were admitted to bail by the House of Peers. Nor were their Lordships ever called to stand trial ; a clear evidence that they had done nothing unwarrantable by law, since, if they had offended, their enemies would not have failed to prosecute them. Wren, however, had harder fortune than his brethren: for, some few months after his enlargement, he was seized by a party of soldiers at his house at Downham near Ely, and carried back to the Tower, where he continued till the end of the year 1659, without any charge being brought against him. J On the 1st of September, the King having sent a troop of horse to Oxford under the conduct of Sir John Byron, ostensibly for the defence of the University, but in reality for the purpose of con- voying the plate and money of the several colleges to Shrewsbury * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 58. • f Ibid. pp. 60—66, and Wood's Annals by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 455. J Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 818, 819. 4x2 708 THE HISTORY OF for the relief of his Majesty's exigencies, Convocation addressed a Latin letter to the King, beginning Augustiss. Rex, cumnuper ex inopia nostra, &c. and appointed Dr. Edwardes, of St. John's, and others, to order whatever was to be done for the maintenance of the troopers during their stay at Oxford, and for providing arms for the further safety of the university.* In October following, when the Royal Chapel of St. George at Windsor, together with the Treasury, were plundered, and every thing therein carried away, and delivered to the trustees ap- pointed by the Parliament for the sale of the King's goods, When, Dean of the Chapel, by great application, expense, and long attendance on the trustees at their meetings in Somerset- House, by favour of their chairman, Major Withers, performed * " All which they carefully performed, and were therefore by the scholars- called the Council of War." — Wood's Annals, vol. ii. p. 446. — It is remarkable that Wood, in his Annals, takes no notice of the real object of Sir John Byron's expedition to Oxford, but it is sufficiently developed by Rapin on the authority of Lord Clarendon and Rushworth. The Parliament imagined that the King's " inability to raise men and money would compel him to retire to some corner of the kingdom, or to throw bimsejf into their arms. At least, this is what they strove to infuse into the people, for, fear of terrifying them with the notion of a war, the eveflt whereof might be doubtful. The King made an advantage of this error, to assemble all his. forces at.. Shrewsbury, and provide himself with money, which he wanted extremely. His friends at London had taken care of this last article, and privately sent considerable sums to Oxford. Moreover, the University, which ■ had always been firmly attached • to the King, had engaged to deliver to him all the plate belonging, to theacolleges, which was very considerable,. The point was only how to convey this aid, safely to his Majesty; To that end, the King sent thither Sir John Byron with a small detach- ment of horse, not daring to give him a stronger, for fear of raising a suspicion that it was for some considerable affair. Byron coming to Oxford, received the money and plate, and returned towards Shrewsbury by way of Worcester, taking all possible precautions not to be attacked in his march. For this aid of money, which the King could not be without, was of the utmost importance to him.- Wherefore, the better to secure it, he detached Prince Rupert with a body of hotse, who, marched on the other side of the Severn to Worcester to expect Byron, and guard him to Shrewsbury." Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 460. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 709 at length a memorable piece of service to the Order of the Garter, of which he was Registrar, by recovering out of their hands first the two old Registers called the Black and the Blue, and afterwards the Red, with other books and papers relating to the statutes and councils ; all which were carefully concealed and preserved by him to the time of his death, and were afterwards by his son, the celebrated Sir Christopher Wren, presented to the sovereign at the restoration. The Dean also endeavoured to preserve the George and Garter of the great Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, which was the richest that had ever been presented by any sovereign, each letter of the motto being made of diamonds, in number 498, great and small. To preserve these he buried them under the floor of the treasury, depositing in the hands of a friend a note by which they might be found in case of his death. But, being afterwards discovered by Cornelius Holland, they were sold by order of the trustees.. The plundering of the chapel and treasury was followed by that of the Dean's house, though at that time under a formal protection of the Committee of Lords and Commons for the safety of the kingdom, dated 21st Sept. 1641. Upon an information of this violence to the Dean, as a private individual, both Houses, by an order of Parliament, on the 18th of October, 1642, denied the giving of any commission or war- rant to the dragoons or troopers sent to secure the castle, for such unjust proceedings, and declared that restitution should be made to him and other inhabitants of Windsor, whose property had been plundered. Among other books which the Dean lost at this time, was one, entitled ' Castor's Institutions to the Romish Emis- saries, with Dr. Wren's Discovery of their Subtle Practises/ a MS. undertaken by command, and almost finished. Among the parcels of plate which were seized were two large silver tankards, given him by Prince Charles Elector Palatine, in acknowledgment of the entertainment his Royal Highness had received at the 710 THE HISTORY OF Deanery,* But all that the Dean was able to recover, was a habit of about ten pounds value, which being seized (with three large' and valuable pictures, in gold frames, of K. Edward III. Charles I. • of England, and Henry IV. of France j and some other goods) by Col, Venn, the Governor, was carried to London, and after six years returned. -f Hard was the lot of many literary men during this season of conflict. Not a few of them were driven by the exigencies of the times to embrace the profession of arms, and exchange their peaceful studies for the tented field, Shirley, in particular, having been forced to leave London was invited by his patron, the Earl of Newcastle, to take his fortune with him in the wars ; and that nobleman having been very liberal to him in the exigen- cies he had too often experienced, he thought himself bound to engage in the royal cause, no less by gratitude to his benefactor than by attachment to his Prince.J In January, 1643, the Parliament considering that the inclina- tion which the King bad constantly shown for peace turned to his advantage with the people, sent Commissioners to Oxford, with certain propositions of a paciflck nature.| Whiteeqgke was one of the Commissioners,!! and as his colleagues had a high opi- ** " The Elector usually expressed a great satisfaction in the commodious retire- ment from Whitehall {where the Parliament had appointed him a lodging), the oppor- tunity of conversing with the Dean and some other persons of learning, his friends, who used to resort. there, The Prince lived here in a very private way, with only two gentlemen of his retinue, a. Secretary, and one who waited in the bed-chamber, and a few inferior servants. He dined at a little table by himself, the others with the Dean and his family."— Parentalia, p, J4Q, + Biographia Britannica, Art. Wren, % Wood's Athense, vol, ii, col. 370. | Rapin's History of England, vol, ii. p. 469 . || The other Commissioners were Algernon Percy Earl of Northumberland, Philip Herbert Eapl of Pembroke, William -Cecil Earl of Salisbury, and Henry Rich Earl MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 711 nion of his abilities, a good deal of the business lay upon him. All the papers which passed between his Majesty and them were drawn up by him. He had frequent conferences in private with the King.* And upon all the overtures of peace, which were made in the course of the year, he industriously laboured to pro<- mote whatever might in the least tend to allay the misery and un- happiness of the times.-f- But though the Parliament thought it politick to demand a peace, they were far from desiring it.J About this time Goad was presented by the President and Fel- lows of St. John's to the Vicarage of St. Giles's in Oxford, where; continuing in the faithful discharge of his duty, while the garrison was besieged by the Parliament forces, his life was frequently endangered by the cannon balls which were shot from the adjoin- ing camp during the time of divine service.^ But though he and some few others of the Merchant-Taylors at Oxford retained their academical habit, most of them exchanged their gowns for mili- tary coats, and their square caps for helmets. Peter Mew,|| of Holland, with the Viscounts Wenman and Dungannon, and Sir John Holland, Sir William Litton, Knights, William Pierrepoint, Edmond Waller, and Richard Win- wood, Esquires, They had their first aecess to the King in Christ Church garden; where he was walking with the Prince, and many of the Lords attending him* All the Commissioners kissed his hand. — Whitelocke?s Memorials, p. 67.- * Whitelocke observes in his Memorials, that the King " manifested great parts andabilities, strength of reason, and quickness of apprehension, with much patience in hearing what was objected against him, wherein he allowed all freedom, and would himself sum up the arguments, and give a most clear judgment upon them." — P. 68. •jr Whitelocke's Memorials,, p. 67 — 69. % Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 470.- § " John Goad, son of Joh. Goad, of Fishopsgate-Street in London,, was born in St. Helen's Parish there, 15 Feb. l6l5."— Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 838. || u Peter Mews, or Meaux, son of Elzeus Mews, of Candle Purse, or Purse. Caundell, in Dorsetshire, was born there, or in that county, educated a scholar in Merchant-Taylors' School in Lond. elected of St. John's Coll. an. 1637, aged 18- years." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1178. 712 THE HISTORY OF William Howe,* and John Speed,-}- in particular, entered early as volunteers in the corps of Gownsmen, in which they soon learned the use of arms, and became intrepid and well disciplined soldiers. While their services could be useful in defenpe of the University, they were ready to work at the fortifications, to mount guard by night or day, and to undergo all the hardships and perils of war. And when they could no longer serve their Sovereign at Oxford, they sought the field of battle in his cause in other parts of the empire. Speed served under Mew, who had a command, and Howe being very forward in expressing his loyalty, was after- wards made Captain of a troop of horse. J But, not to anticipate events, the King having, by his procla- mation of the 22d of December, summoned the Members of both Houses of Parliament to meet at Oxford on the 22d of January, 1644, the University, at the Chancellor's desire, appointed some of their most celebrated divines to preach before his Majesty at Christ Church, and before both Houses at St. Mary's, during their respective continuance at Oxford. § And, among these preachers, Wilde, Wright, and AValwyn, so distinguished themselves by their pulpit eloquence, that Convocation, not knowing how to requite them more honourably than by conferring higher degrees on them, decreed them permission to be created Graduates in Divinity when they pleased. |J In March 1644, the Lords having proposed that a new Com- * " William Howe, son of Will. Howe, was born in London, educated in Mer- chant-Taylors' School, became a Commoner of St. John's Coll. in 1637, and in that of his age 18, or thereabouts, took the degrees in arts, and entred upon the physick line." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 204. f This John Speed was the eldest son of Dr. John Speed, mentioned in page 696, &c. % Wood's Athens, vol. ii. col. 204. § Wood's Annals by Gutch, p. 469. H Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. col. 55, &c. *\ merchant-Taylors' school. 713 mittee should be named to consider of propositions of peace, and the Commons insisting to have that matter referred to the Com- mittee of both kingdoms, Whttelocke observed, and lamented, that some Members had shown themselves averse from receiving any propositions at all of a pacifick nature, and this induced him once more to become a publick advocate for peace.* Whatever question came before the House, he honestly expressed his sen- timents. He was one of the lay members of the Assembly of Divines, and in their debates on settling the government of the Church, delivered his opinion against the divine right of Pres- bytery—an opinion which he afterwards maintained in the House of Commons, and thereby prevented them from being surprized * In the excellent speech which he delivered on this occasion ure the following striking passages : " It would be no wonder to see an unanimous concurrence of the whole House in furthering propositions for a good peace- The calamities of our dis- tractions have brought us to it, and who is there amongst us, that hath not in some measure felt the stroke of them ? I am sure, Sir, I have smarted by them. — The land is weary of our discords, being thereby polluted with our blood. — In all successes, whether of the one or the other party, the poor English are still sufferers. Whose goods (I pray, Sir,) are plundered ? — whose houses are burnt? — whose limbs are cut or .shot off? — "whose persons are thrown into loathsome dungeons ? — whose blood stains the walls of our towns, and denies our land ? Is it not our English ? — and is it not then time for us who are all Englishmen, to be weary of these discords, and. to use our utmost endeavours to put an end to them ? — Whilst we differ upon the Com- mittee, we lose the business, and do not pursue peace. I am persuaded, Sir, you can hardly name any Committee, either within or without these walls, but would be ready to take pains to effect this good work, unless it were those who have said, ' That if this war be well managed, it may last 20 years.' But, those were not Englishmen: and, although we have Irish, French, Dutch, and Walloons, as well as other Papists, engaged for the settlement of the Protestant religion, and laws of England, yet I am persuaded that his Majesty and you mutually endeavouring (as it is both your interests) none can hinder it." He concludes with these words :■— " Let us consent to any thing that is just, reasonable, and honourable, rather than in the least to neglect to seek peace and to ensue it." — Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 84, 4 Y 714 The HISTORY OP upon that great question, for which timely communication of his ideas he received their thanks.* Both Houses of Parliament having at length agreed upon the propositions for peace, Whitelocke, who had been lately con- stituted Lieutenant-Governour of Windsor Castle, was appointed one of the Committee to carry them to the King at Oxford. But a petition having been handed about the city and suburbs for bringing Archbishop Laud and Bishop Wren to justice, and some of the preachers animating the people to exert themselves on this occasion, the paper was signed by great numbers, and delivered to the House of Commons. And, in consequence of this, the name of Bishop Wren, who had now been kept in pri- son more than two years, without being called to a trial, was in- serted among those delinquents, who, by the first of the pro- positions tendered to his Majesty, were to expect no pardon from the Parliament. On the 23d of November, the Coraimission©rs»were admitted to an audience with the King at Oxford. In some of the conferences,WniTELOCKE was not distinguished from his colleagues. But, on one interesting occasion, his Majesty seemed to express a particular regard for him, stiling him and Hollis, messengers of,, and wishers to, peace, in a private conversation, part of which was to this effect : The King. — I am sorry, Gentlemen, that you could bring to me no better propositions for peace, nor more reasonable than these are. Hollis. — They are such, Sir, as the Parliament thought fit to agree upon, and I hope a good issue may be had out of them. Whitexocke. — We are but their servants to present them to your Majesty, and very willing to be messengers of peace. The King. — I know you could bring no other than what they * Whitelocke's Memorials, pp.83, 9& HO, ill. merchant-Taylors' (school. 715 would seed. But I confess I do not a little wonder at sortie of them, and particularly at the qualifications. Hollis. — Your Majesty will be pleased to consider ©f them as a foundation for peace. The King. — Surely you yourselves cannot think them to be rea- sonable or honourable for me to grant. Hollis. — Truly, Sir, I could have wished that some of them had been otherwise than they are, but your Majesty knows that those things are all carried by the major vote. The King. — I know they are, and am confident that you who are here and your friends (I must not say your party) in the House endeavoured to have had them otherwise, for I know you are well- willers to peace. Whitelocke. — I have had the honour to attend your Majesty often heretofore upon this errand, and am sorry it was not to bet- ter effect. The King. — I wish, Mr. Whitelocke, that others had been of your judgment, and of Mr. Hollis's judgment, a&d then I believe we had had an happy end of our differences before now. Hollis. — We are bound to your Majesty for your gracious and true opinion of us, and wish we had been, or may be, capable to do your Majesty better service. The King. — Your service, Mr. Hollis, and the rest of those gen- tlemen, whose desire hath been for peace, hath been very accep- table to me, who do earnestly desire it myself, and in order to it, and out of the confidence I have of you two that are here with sne, I ask your opinion and advice what answer will be best for me to give at this time to your propositions, which may probably further such a peace as all good men desire. HoMs.— Your Majesty will pardon us if we are not capable in our present condition to advise your Majesty. 4y2 71.6 THE HISTORY OF Whitelocke. — We now by accident have the honour to be in your Majesty's presence, but our present employment disables us from advising your Majesty, if we were otherwise worthy to do it in this particular. The King. — For your abilities I am able to judge, and I now look not on you in your employment from the Parliament, but as friends and my private subjects I require your advice. Hollis. — Sir, to speak in a private capacity, your Majesty sees that we have been very free, and touching your answer, I shall say further, that I think the best answer would be your own co- ming amongst us. Whitelocke. — Truly, Sir, I do believe that your Majesty's personal presence at your Parliament would sooner put an end to our unhappy distractions than any treaty. The King. — How can I come thither with safety ? Hollis. — I am confident there would be no danger to your person to come away directly to your Parliament. The King. — That may be a question, but I suppose your prin- cipals who sent you hither, will expect a present answer to your message. Whitelocke. — The best, present, and most satisfactory an- swer, I humbly believe, would be your Majesty's presence with your Parliament, and which I hope might be without any danger to you. Hollis. — We should be far from advising any thing which might be of the least danger to your Majesty's person ; and I believe your coming to your Parliament would be none ;. but we must humbly submit that to your Majesty's own pleasure and great wisdom. The King. — Let us pass by that, and let me desire you two, Mr. Hollis and Mr. Whitelocke, to go into the next room, and a little to confer together, and to set down somewhat in writing, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 717 which you apprehend may be fit for me to return in answer to your message ; and that in your judgment may facilitate and promote this good work of peace. Hollis. — We shall obey your Majesty's commands, and with- draw.* Accordingly, going into a private room, Whitelocke wrote down what he and Hollis judged to be fit for the substance of his Majesty's answer to the proposals of peace they had brought, and left it upon the table. And then the King went in and took it, and with much civility bade them farewell. But this affair had like to have proved their ruin, as will appear in the sequel, through the tergiversation of the Lord Saville.-f- In the mean time the Scottish Commissioners finding that Crom- well, by some words he had dropped, was no friend either to their nation or the government of their Church, and the Lord General Essex growing jealous of his rising power, a private consultation was had, at which Whitelocke was present, the business of which was to consider whether Cromwell could not be proceeded against as an incendiary. But, notwithstanding Essex was eager in his endeavours to supplant him, the difficulties which stood in the way of accomplishing it, appeared to be insuperable.;]: Shortly after, the self-denying ordinance, as it was hypocriti- cally called, being brought before the House* Whitelocke made an ineffectual speech, against it.| In the latter end of the year, died that worthy. Baronet Sir Miles Sandys, of Wilberton in Cambridgeshire, third son of the late Archbishop of York, leaving behind him a son of; the same name.|| In the beginning of the year 1645* Whitelocke was ap- * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 113. + Ibid. p. 114. J Ibid. p. 116 and 117. § . Il » id - P* *W and Jifl»„ ||: Wood's .Athense, f vol. i.. col. 599- 718 THE HISTORY OT pointed one of the Commissioners at the treaty of Usbiidgej and attended there. But, after several days debate, the Commis- sioners coming to no agreement, either on Church or State matters, the treaty was abandoned.* It must not, however, be forgotten that when Whitelocice and Hollis were coming away from the King, after a private in- terview during the treaty at Oxford, his Majesty desired them to set down in writing what they apprehended might be fit for him to return in answer to their message, and was in their judgments likely to facilitate the good work of peace, in which respect they complied with his Majesty's wishes ; for, this coming to the know- ledge of the Lord Saville, who was then with the King, but re- volted afterwards to the Parliament, that inconstant nobleman, on the 2d of July, sent to the Commons a*n accusation <©f high treason against HolTis and Whitelocke on account of that pa- per. On this they were persecuted with no little eagerness and animosity, but they defended themselves with so much mutual fidelity and plausible evidence, (Whitelocke having taken the precaution of varying his hand,) that, after a long and strict ex- amination, they were clearly acquitted by a vote of the House on the 21st of that month of any misdemeanour in this business, and left at liberty to prosecute, if they pleased, for damages, the Lord Saville then a prisoner in the Tower.-f- But this narrow escape from a dilemma into which he had been drawn »by his natural love of peace, did not alter his view of the war ; for, on the 6th of August following, when the House of Commons was in debate about again sending propositions of peace to his Majesty, Whitelocke, notwithstanding the ruling powers had made him Attorney of the Duchy of Lancaster and one of the Commission- ers of the Admiralty, furthered them as much as he could.J * Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 838. t Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 153—161. J Ibid. pp. 123, 142, 16*. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 719 In the course of that month, Wright became Viear of Oke- ham in Rutlandshire by the favour of his old patron Bishop JtrxoN, and thereupon received institution from Dr. Towers, Bishop of Peterborough ; but as for induction he absolutely re* fused it, because he must then have taken the covenant, in con- sequence of which one Benjamin King, a Parliamentarian, was put into that vicarage.* But, though the Presbyterians, by the rigidness with which they forced the taking of the covenant upon all persons holding ecclesiastical preferments, seemed to have attained the summit of power in the Church, a question arose on which they experienced a formidable opposition. Intoxicated with their late successes, they strove to have the right of excommunication vested in them- selves. But this assumption of theirs was opposed by White- locks, who, in his speech upon that subject in the House of Commons, on the 3d of September, observed, " I have heard here many complaints of the jurisdiction formerly exercised by the Prelates, who were but a few — there will be by the passing of this now desired a great multiplication of spiritual men in govern- men pounds ; after which he came to London, and condescended to write things far below his ability, merel'y to get bread for himself and his wife.** On Tuesday the 26th of that month, the* Visitors iris- incident:" — Memorials, pp. 293 and" 390. He gives, us a. remarkable: instance of his; own and; fellow commissioners most laudable and exemplary' despatch in the chan- cery business, that in the morning of one day they determined thirteen causes,, and in the afternoon forty demurrers. The}' sometimes sat from five o'clock in the morn- ing till five in the evening. According to his own account he was no gainer by accepting the place of Commissioner of the Great Seal ; for the profit of it was* Hot above £ 1^500 a year, whereas; his practises in the law brought him before near <£20©O per annum. — Memorials, pp. 305 and 394. § Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 300. |] " We may take notice (says he) of the incertainty of worldly affairs ; when the Parliament and their army had subdued' their common enemy, then ttiey* quar- relled among themselves, the army against the Parliament'; where tfhey were' pmtttf well peiced together again, then the apprentices and others made an insuireetioni against the Parliament and army. Thus we were in continual perplexities- and-dan- gers, and so it will be with all who shall engage in the like troubles."— Memorials, p.-29& ^ Wood's Annals by Gutch, voh ii. p. 854. ** ** Edmund Gayton, or deSpeciosa Villa, as he entided himself* son oPGeeigs Gayton, of Little Britain iff London, was- born- there, elected scholar o* S*. Mute from Merchant-Taylors' School in the year 1625, aged 16, became afterwards F«How «f that House, Master of Arts, Superior Beadle of Arts and Physick of theUniver- 726 THE HISTORY OF published an order requiring all Treasurers and Bursars to bring them all registers, rentals, books of accompts, cornbooks, seals, &c. between eight and nine of the clock next morning, at which time one of the Bursars of St. John's appeared, and gave in his answer that he had not the books, keys, &c. of his college, and desired further time, which was granted till two of the clock in the afternoon, when the two Bursars, with Mr. George Gisby, the Senior Dean, appeared, and being asked whether they, had brought in their books, keys, &c. they answered " No ;" Gisby in particular showing himself very resolute. However, further time was allowed them to give in their answer, namely, till Wed- nesday the 3d of May, at the Vice-chancellor's lodgings in Mer- ton College, as they were told by mistake, the Visitors meaning at Christ Church. Accordingly, on the afternoon of that day, Gisby went to the place appointed at Merton to give in his an- swer to the Visitors, but not finding them there he took advan- tage of the mistake in their order, and returned home without going after them to Christ Church. But this act of contempt was remembered afterwards. On the 8th of May, no less than thirty- five Members of St. John's were summoned to appear before the Visitors, when to their great credit only three of them submitted, who for .tJxpir apostacy were keenly lashed by Thomas Win- nard, a. ^Bachelor of their own College, at the end of a satire which he wrote on Cheynell the new President.* But the Com- mittee at London having ordered the Visitors at Oxford to pro- «ity, in the place of John Bell deceased, an. 1636, Bach, of Phys. actually created by virtue of a dispensation from the Delegates, 1J647." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 388, and Fasti, vol. ii. col, 61. * The title of Winnard's poem was " Midsummer Moone : or Lunacy Rampant, being a character of Master Cheynell, the Arch-Visitor of Oxford, and Mongrell Pre- sident of St. John Bapt. College. With a Survey of the Three Renagado Fellowes," Web, Inkersell, and Lownds." The beginning is " Cheynell is Bedlam seven •tories high," &c. Printed in one sheet, ann. 1648. — Wood's Annals by Gutck, vol. ii., p. 581. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 72f ceed to expulsion, the latter on Friday the 26th of May, sat, and ordered that Mr. Walwyn, Fellow and late Bursar of St. John's, should be expelled, that the soldiers should put this order in execution, in case obedience was not yielded to it, and that Dr. John Edwards, Mr. George Gisby, and three or four other Fellows of the same House, should be expelled the College and University.* On the 6th of June, Edwards and Gisby were seized on by order from the Visitors, dated the day before, and directed to the Provost-Marshal. They had liberty to choose for their prison any house in the town, where they would be restrained. Whereupon they chose the house of Joseph Godwyn, stationer at the upper end of Cat-Street, where they had two soldiers to wait on them, they being at the charge of their diet and fees. They offered the best bail in Oxford, but it was refused. Their cham- bers also were sealed up and a guard set upon them, so that they could not so much as get a band for themselves. And the same day the expulsion of the other Members of St. John's above men- tioned was put in execution, notwithstanding several of them were at London, on account of the approach of St. Barnabas's Day.-f- On the 26th of June, there passed an order of the House of Commons for sending Bishop Wren with some other prisoners, among whom was Mr.Capel, son to the Lord Capel, to General Fair- fax, to be exchanged, or used as the Committee in Essex in restraint with the Lord Goring were treated. % On Tuesday the 27th, Dr. Edwards and Mr. Gisby were sent for before the Visitors, who sat that day in the President's lodg- ings at Magdalen College. Cheynell being present would needs * Wood's Annals, vol. ii. p. 587. f Ibid. p. 590. See likewise p. 296 of this Work. % On suspicion probably of being concerned in writing a note that was sent to Bur- gess in his pulpit, desiring him to give thanks to God for preserving his Majesty from poisoning, and to pray for the forces under the Earl of Norwich, the Lord Capel, and Sir Marmaduke Langdale.— See Parentalia, p. 27, and White ioqke's Memo. rials, p. 314. 728 THE HISTORY OF Jbave the keys and books belonging to the former, .and theac- compts from the latter. But Gisby told him that if he were President legally chosen and established, yet he was not bound to give him any accompt by statute till his year was up. Ed- wards complained that they had imprisoned them, commanded two soldiers to be their jailors, and had put them to the expense of keeping them, and that, though no crime had been laid to their charge, all bail had been refused, whichi, as he conceived, " they had no law of God or man to justify." But, at the same time, he told them that " they should with more patience endure it, because the wisest and most gallant men of the kingdom had no better usage." After which, and more discourse, they were sent to their prison again, where they continued several months.* On Thursday the 29th, an order passed, whereby the Visitors ex- pelled between sixty and seventy Members of the University, among whom was Winnard: and the soldiers of the garrison were desired to put the said order in execution against any who refused to obey and remove.-}- On Saturday the 8th of July, the Visitors expelled seventy-three persons more for not submitting to them, among whom were David Hitchins and Henry Osbas- ton, Fellows of St. John's; and, on the Tuesday following, a drum with a guard of musqueteers, was sent to every College, where, after a call had been beaten by the drummer, an order of the Deputy-Governor was published, requiring the gentlemen so ex- pelled to quit the University without delay, under the pain of being taken for spies and dealt with accordingly. + On the 17th of October, George Wilde Doctor of Laws, John Goad Ba- chelor in Divinity, John Jennings, Peter Mews, Arthur Buckeridge, and James Aston, Bachelors of Laws, John Speed Bachelor of Arts, and some other Fellows of St. John's, were expelled the University.§ * Wood's. Annals by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 592. f Ibid. p. 593, 595 % Ibid. p. 597, 599- § Ibid. p. 607, 608. MERCHAlW-VA'Vtfms' SCHOOL. ?"2<^ "Wsede behvg turned out of his- fellowship suffered' much; but, true to- his principles, he kept up a religious- meeting for the Loy- alists m Ifleet-Steeet, Lo«cU>n k * Mews likewise underwent many privatwms. B»t>, though ruined by the falling fortunes of the side he h«d< espotised 1 * zeal and necessity conspiring to send him into the field again, he served* fehe-King in Scotland, till he hadthe mortification* of seeing- the- B&yal cause decline in that country. While there, he had' a- narrow escape from being hanged by the Rebels. He then went abroad, and served under the Duke of York in Flanders, where both commander and soldiers acquired considerable reputation.^ And as for Speed, a Mr. Knollys, of Grove-Place near Southamp- ton* who had been a gentleman commoner of St. John's, and had- known him there, invited' him to his house, where he lived the whole time of the usurpation.:]: Goad, indeed, was solicited by the intruder Cheynell to return to 1h& College an$ fellowship, the latter thinking that if he could- draw over a man of his acknowledged worth, it might serve to lessen the odium under which the Visitors of the University justly lay for expelling so many meritorious Members from their respec- tive houses'. The Merchant-Taylors alone, whose expulsion from St. John's was voted by the Visitors, were not fewer than twenty- eight.! But Goad, not choosing to conform himself to the new IWreetory, refused the offer, and with much difficulty kept pos- session of the vicarage of Yarnton.|| Meanwhile a treaty was carrying on in the Isle of Wight be^ * WWs Athenae, vol. ii. col. 367. t Ibid - c'oL 1178. $-Frbm the information of the Recorder of London. § Of these, thirteen have already been mentioned nominatim. The other fifteen were William Bexl, Nathaniel.Croocher, George Miller, Joseph Ciiow- thee, William Con yers, Thomas Warner, Richard Pulley, Ralph King, William Ley, Abraham Wright, Thomas Warde, Richard Stevenson, Thomas Snelling, William Harding, and William Levinz. || Wood's Athenae, vol. ii. col. 838 5 A 730 THE HISTORY OF tween the King and Commissioners from both Houses. Bishop Juxon was one of the divines who attended his Majesty for the purpose of resolving any difficulties that might arise in the debate. But all Charles's concessions were voted unsatisfactory, and the treaty broke off.* — Not that the other party were without their fears. Whitelocke thought himself but unfixed and unsettled in the high post to which he had been raised, looking upon the self- denying ordinance, debated in Parliament on the 6th of August, as intended to remove him. And such a design appears in Octor ber following, when he was ordered by the House to be one of the Serjeants-at-Law then called, and Attorney-General of the Dutchy; though in words the House expressed much favour and respect to him, and their compliments were, as he professed, too high for him to remember.-f On the 15th of November, at the swearing of William Wilde, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Whitelocke made a very learned speech about the antiquity, honour, and dignity of that Court,, and the Judges' duty; and three days afterwards, at the call of new Serjeants, he delivered another excellent speech upon the nature of their office : both which orations are preserved in his Memo- rials.J On the 20th of December, Whitelocke was disposed to secede from the Parliament, having no great mind to sit in the House* as it was then constituted. He assisted at the meeting of some of the Members, on the 23d at the Speaker's house, to consult about settling the kingdom by the Parliament, and not to leave all to the sword, since it was now too plain that the soldiery,, under the influence of that ambitious tyrant Cromwell, were come * Sir Philip Warwick's Memoirs, p. 321,, and Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 855—859. f Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 20,6, 342, 343, 345. % See pages 349 and 35$. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 731 to a full resolution of overthrowing the government. At this meeting, he and Widdrington spake their minds freely, but with- out any good effect. They were named on the Committee of thirty-eight, appointed to draw up a charge against the King, but never attended; and when, on the 26th, the Committee for the trial sent for them, desiring their advice and assistance on some mat- ters of importance, Whitelocke knowing what the business was, told Widdrington that he was resolved not to meddle in that affair, it being contrary to his judgment, as he had declared in the House.* Widdrington said, he was of the same mind, and would have no hand in it ; but he knew not whither to go to be out of the way. Whitelocke replied, that his coach was ready and he was that morning going out of town purposely to avoid the business, and if he pleased to go with him, they might be quiet at his house in the country, and he should be glad of his company. Widdrington willingly consented to go with White- locke, and was not long in preparing himself for the jour- ney.f The last scene of England's dismal tragedy was now beginning to open, — a scene so replete with horror that many of those who had gone upon Calvin's false principles, and justified the war upon religious grounds, shrunk from offering personal violence to the King. Calamy, who had lately given many instances of his dis- like of the proceedings which followed Charles's being brought * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 362—365. " My name (says he) was not brought in among them (the rest of the King's judges), I having declared my judgement in the House against this proceeding, and having absented myself at the time of naming them, and wholly from attending this Committee, so that they knew my mind, and therefore did forbear to name me, though I was then in so great an employment under them. But I resolved to hazard or lay down all, how beneficial soever, or advan- tageous to me, rather than do any thing contrary to my judgement and conscience."— Ibid. p. 366. f Ibid. p. 365. 5 a2 $32 a'HfE ,'HiisTORiy or li:oni)fche Islpight, oppo^d^iprv^c^d ^.uixiter^of 'his Sov«et- j«ign with constancy and courage. ,He land aonie rotber Miaai^teng of the s L ame persuasion had two confe-mpces, one -wilib. rt^e^eneoal aqd his Council, the other with the chief officers of the army, iin order to prevent, if possible, that infamous outrage- -Suit, tfaey not succeeding in their applications, a representation* wasdraiwn upfejr the London Ministers, to enforce what Calamy had said. And, \&u this occasion, John Wells and Benjamin Needled joined their Presbyterian brethren in remonstrating against >the trial of ' their monarch. But the bloody deed was resolved upon. AntL^theseforer- on the 21st of January, 1649, Juxon, by his Majesty's particular desire, waited upon him at Westminster, which (as .-the &ing-6aid^ " was no small refreshing to his spirit in that his uncomfortable condition." The greater part of ifchat day was spesit by the good Bishop in prayer and preaching to the King. And, in the course of the following week, he frequently waited on his Majesty. On the 27th, the last day of the King's trial, and before he was car- ried into Westminster- Hall, he and Juxon were in private toge- ther near an hour at Cotton-House ; during which conference the persecuted Charles acquired a sufficiency of ghostly strength to enable him to hear unmoved the cries of the infatuated mob f#r justice and execution, as he passed to and from the Hall.-f * This famous paper, which has often been referred to ia vindication of the Pres- byterians with respect to the King's murder, was entitled, ' A serious and faithful ^Representation of the Judgments of Ministers of the Gospel within the Province of Xondon, contained in a fetter fram them- to the General and his Council of Wa^, delivered to his Excellency -by some of the Subscribers,. January IS, 1648.' This piece was signed by between forty and fifty Ministers, and evidently shows that the Pres- byterians detested the barbarity of the army. It was printed at Londpn, in .4 to- in 1649 ; and bpnourable mention is made of it by Collier in his Ifccjesiastical His- tpty, vol. ii. pp. ,859, 860. t The Reader may like to see Whitelocke's sentiments on this tragical occasion in his own words:—" Here we may take notice of the abject baseness.. of some vu}gar. MERCII&TN^mYMJRfc "SCHOOL. tlft W«i^M>CKji>^eh>fro«foled fttrthq-fpRssMg of sentence of death ftga«j$t Ae.-KiMg, >heartHy prayed that it might ra©t: be. executed.* $ut-God .had ffdtefltined -Charles for acrowm of martyrdom. Tire same nigfet Cefonel Haoker, mho commanded the (guards at St. James's about the iKing, would have placed two musqueteers in ibis bed-chamber ; but the Bishop and Mr. Herbert apprehend- Wg jfche disturbance it would give his Majesty in his meditations, jlever deft the Colon«l till he had reversed his order iby withdrawing those men. The King, now bidding farewell to the world, spent tfefi' remainder of his time in prayer and other exercises of devo- -tian* and in conference with that meek and learned Prelate who, 4M&der God, was a great support and comfort to him in his afflic-, tion. That evening Juxon prayed with him, and read some select .chapters out of the Holy Scriptures., The next morning, feeing Sunday the &Stb, JuxoiN was early with the King, prayed with him, and preached on Rom. ii. 16. Monday the 29th, the -JKiag's ; children came from Sion-House to pay him their last visit. J5e look the Princess in his arms, and kissiog her gave her two seals with diamonds. He then prayed for the blessing of God upon her and the rest of his children., and particularly irecoan- mended Andrewes's Sermons to their perusal.-f* As for the part sustained by Juxpisr at this. time, he spent the greatest part of the djay with his Majesty, and prayed with him, not taking leave of .baa -till Aate spirits, who, seeing their 1£ing in that condition, endeavoured, in their small capacity*, farther to promote bis misery, that they might a little curry favour with the present powders,, and pick thanks of their : then superiors, Some .of ; the very same persoffs: were after-wards as clamorous for justice against those that were the King's judges.. A Prince is not exempt from the venom of these mad dogs." — Memorials, p. 37,4, * Ibid; t Ibid, and WitecmV Memorabilia Cantebrigrise, p. : «& 734 THE HISTORY OF come early the next morning. He came accordingly at the ap- pointed hour ; and after having continued a considerable time in prayer and meditation, attended his Majesty from St. James's to Whitehall, walking through the Park on the King's right hand. When they came to Whitehall, he prayed there again with his Majesty in his cabinet-chamber, and administered the sacrament to him. And, to conclude this melancholy scene, he attended the King upon the scaffold, when the following conversation took place between them. Juxon. — " Will your Majesty (though it may be very well known your Majesty's affections to religion, yet it may be ex- pected that you should) say somewhat for the world's satisfac- tion." i Charles. — " I thank you very heartily (my Lord) for that, I had almost forgotten it. In troth, Sirs, my conscience in religion, I think, is very well known to all the world ; and, therefore, I de- clare before you all, that I die a Christian, according to the pro- fession of the Church of England, as I found it left me by my father; and this honest man, (pointing to Juxon, whom, in the fullness of his heart, he had just before called " that good man,") I think, will witness it." His Majesty then called to Juxon for his night-cap, and having put it on, he said to the executioner, " Does my hair trouble you ?" And then turning to Juxon, the King said, " I have a good cause, and a gracious God on my side." Juxon.^-" There is but one stage more. This stage is trouble- some and turbulent. It is a short one, but you may consider it will soon carry you a very great way : it will carry you from earth to Heaven; and there you shall find a great deal of cordial joy and comfort." Charles. — " I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible crown ; where no disturbance can be, no disturbance in the world." MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 735 Juxon.— " You are exchanged from a temporal to an eternal crown, a good exchange." Then the King took off his cloke and his George, giving his George to Juxon, and saying, " Remember." After some other small ceremonies were past, Charles stooping down laid his neck upon the block, and after a very little pause, stretching forth his hands, the executioner at one blow severed his head from his body. Whttelocke went not to the House that day, but stayed at home in his study, deprecating the wrath of Heaven on the mur- derous proceedings of a party, with whom he was so deeply en- gaged, and from whom he had not firmness to withdraw himself.. Though he took no part in the King's trial, and afterwards refused to approve the proceedings of the High Court of Justice, he suf- fered himself to be flattered by the condescension of Cromwell, and the compliments of the Commons. Insomuch that he shortly after fell in with the changes that followed, engaged, in measures, contrary to his opinions ; and on the 8th of February submitted to be made one of the new Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal,* or Keepers of the Liberties of England, which was followed, on the 14th of the same month by a seat ia the Council of State. Meanwhile Juxon took care of the King's^ body, and, on the 7th of February, accompanied it to the Royal Chapel at Windsor; and there standing ready with the Common Prayer Book, in his hands, the pious Bishop, wished to perform his last duty, to his kind master, but was barbarously refused by. Colonel Whitchcott, * Whitelockb's Memorials, pp.376, 377, 378,381- It seems that one of the motives which principally weighed with him to engage in the custody of the Great. Seal after the King's death, was " that the business to be undertaken by him, was the execution of law and justice, without which men could not live." And it is not denied: that there was no one in the. nation better qualified for that place than he was.. 736. chi; m&iaRYi oe the Goveimour of the Castrle.* Thai bo*ky was deposited; ia the vault of Henry VIII. the precise spot of whioh was then little known, and lorag continued toveliide- the search of the aHtJquairy.'f' And on the 12ih of Maroh^ Juxon, published a f unieralJ S?»miioii on his behaved Sojyeaieigi*, which it is prphablfe be had' not toteeiit permitted to (preach. On fctous closing the earthly reign of this i Royal raaitjjii, wet na«, turally turn to the noble band of confessors, who accompanied! bim in the former part of hk course* hut wksn, thcragib ready/to * Sir Tho. Herbert's Memoirs, 8vo. Lond. r702, p. 113,— Wood's Atheirae, vol. ii. col. 704, 705,-^and the Account puMished'by- Authority, 1649, 4to. ' •fs " While the workmen were employed La making a subterraneous, passage foam the; middle of the, chojr t® the new Hoyai, Maasiole^m, . they ^c€id.e.i(iita%-bj;Qkie awajft a part of the Vault o,f Henry YTJI. but wliiflh wa.s not then, opened. Th^ precise- spot of Henry's Vault, being thu^ ascertained, and as some historiaps have given .dif- ferent accounts concerning the place of interment of Charles I. iri. particular Lord' Clarendon intimating, in bis History of the Rebellion-, that on searchr made by order of King Charles II. after the Restoration, the body could not bei found ; a> stfiQng* desire prevailed to satisfy the doubts th.us excited. The Prince Regent, being at Windsoi; on the day after the funeral of her late Royal Highness the Duchess of Brunswick, was consulted about the mode of exploring these Royal remains, which he directed to be immediately done in- his presence; Sir H. Halford' attended bfe Royal Highness to the vault; when the. leaden coffin was, cut open by tnei plwaber from the head to a little,, belo^v the chest, a body apgear,ed, covered qver with a cere- cloth; on carefully stripping the head and face, the countenance of Charles I. im- mediately appeared,, in features apparently perfect as when he lived. The severed! head had been carefully adjusted' to the shoulders ; and the most perfectreseiriblari'ee to the portraits, was remarked in. the ovial shape of the head, the .pointed; beard* &c. On lifting up the head, the fissure made by the axe was clearly discovered by Sir Henry Halford, and the flesh, though somewhat darkened, was found to be in a tolerably perfect state. In the same vault was also found a decayed leaden coffin, containing the remains of Henry VIII. which* consisted of nothing more thara. the skull with som« hair on the chin, and the* principal limb, bones', in a perfect staie. There were. also found in this vault the coffins of Queen Jane Seymour, andiof'a stiJi born chil<£ of Queen. Anne;." — See the. (Windsor and Etm Express, a papers published at Windsor April, 18x3. merchant-taylors' school. 737 lay down their lives for the truth, were not called to seal their testimony with their blood. Besides the Bishops and Dignitaries already mentioned in the order of time, there are others, whose sufferings in the cause of the Church of England deserve to be Jiad in everlasting remembrance, and to whose pious memories it would be an act of the highest ingratitude, not to pay them a tribute of respect and veneration. One of the earliest of all the Clergy, who fell under the dis- pleasure of the Party, was Archdeacon^LAYFiELD, who, notwith- // standing his privilege of Convocation, had been taken into custody by them, and voted in the very beginning of the Session unfit to hold any Ecclesiastical benefit or promotion. They seem to have pro- posed to themselves to make him an example of ignominy to his bre- thren, and to that end they, in a peculiar manner, wreaked their -malice and spleen upon him. For which reason, after they had once 'begun with him, his imprisonments, confinements, and ha- rassings were numberless, and he was. more teased and prosecuted by Parliament through the course of some years, than any one Clergyman whatsoever : to which his relation to Archbishop Laud contributed not a little. One of the crimes alleged against him was his having I. H.'S. set up in his Church of All hallows Barking, *from which he was sequestered about the beginning of ]643. In- terrupting him in his performance of divine service, they dragged him out of the Church, set bim on horseback with his surplice on, tied the Common Prayer about his neck, and in this manner forced him to ride through some part of the City,, whilst the mob fol- lowed and hooted at him. After this, his sufferings were so many and various, that it is not possible to trace them all. He was plundered at his living of Chiddingfield in Surrey, and was the first Clergyman that was so used in that county. He had likewise a considerable temporal estate, which was all seized and taken from him. At one time, having been sent by his Majesty's com- mand to be Chaplain at Farringdon, or some other of the Roynk 5 b 738 THE HISTORY O? garrisons, he was taken prisoner, and kept in confinement till he could be exchanged.. There was scarcely a gaol about London, in which he had not been imprisoned. After a long confinement in Ely House, he was sent, in company with some other Loyalists, on board a ship, thrust under the hatches, and not suffered to have the benefit of the air upon deck, without paying a certain price for it. While there, they were threatened to be sold for slaves to the Algerines, or to some of our plantations abroad. But whether this was a pretended or real design, we have now no means of ascertaining. It is a fact, that their liberty was offered them for fifteen hundred .pounds a man. But such a sum being above their poor fortunes, it was brought down at last to five pounds each ; which, nevertheless, Layfield, and some others, either from unwillingness or inability, refused to comply with. And so, as no purchase could be extorted from them, after a year's confinement, and the worst indignities offered them, they were turned on shore for nothing, where they nobly chose to stand the storm rather than submit themselves to the vile practices of the times. To these may be added, the names of Thomas Tucker Pre- bendary of Bristol, William Sherbourn Prebendary of Here- ford, Joseph Crowther Prebendary of St. Paul's and Greek Lecturer in the University of Oxford, and Edward Quarles Prebendary of York, a very learned, good, hospitable, and cha- ritable man, whose only crimes were reading the Common Prayer and bowing at the name of Jesus.* But any attempt to recount the numbers and sufferings of Mei> chant-Taylors, among the inferior Clergy, or among the Laity in communion with the Church of England, who were harassed in the times of the great Rebellion would swell this Chapter into a volume. A mere list of those who were hauled away to prisons, * Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part II. p. 85. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. f39. ©r chased away into banishment, or left to beg their bread, for no other crime than their loyalty, and their attachment to the rites and ceremonies of the Church, would now excite the astonish- ment of the world. It is ours to glory in the industry, the learn- ing, and the piety of our elder brethren. And should the days of fenatical persecution ever return, we need not go from home for examples to teach us how to confess and suffer for the truth. Sb^ 740 THE HISTORY OX CHAPTER, III, Of the principal Scholars during the Reigns of Charles II. James II, and William and Mary ; containing the Space of Fifty-Three Years. THE value of learning, as a possession that survives the shock of fortune, is a topick which has often been dwelt upon for the purpose of exciting the emulation and ambition of youth. But never were the benefits resulting from education more visible or more acknowledged than at the period at which we are now arrived. To men of letters, whose lot it was to continue in pri- son, a cultivated understanding opened sources of meditation and reflection, which contributed not aJittle to diminish their unhappiness. While they who obtained their liberty found them- selves enabled, with more or less success, to derive from their talents the means of subsistence, reputation, and comfort. On the 14th of March, l649 5 upon a report of the Council of State, it was voted by the House of Commons that the Bishop of Ely and the Marquis of Winchester should not be tried for life, but imprisoned till further order of the House.* But, though the walls of the Tower could confine the person of Wren, they could not * White locke's Memorials, p. 389. MERCHANT-TAILORS* SCHOOL* J4\ restrain the powers of his miridl Though possessed of no books, but the Bible, and a Lexicon which he had used at school, he drew up, during his imprisonment, those elaborate papers, of which his book against the Racovian Catechism is an extract, and little more than a sixteenth part. Nor had he the liberty of doing this, but in a manner by stealth ; being forced to send away his papers, as he found opportunity, for fear of having them also plundered from him, as every thing else had been.* Shirley, who* on the declining of the King's cause, had with* drawn to London, and lived obscurely on allowances from Stanley, author of the Lives of the Philosophers, and other friends, now publickly opened a school in White-Friars, by which he gained a comfortable subsistence.-f- In this situation he published three Tracts relating to grammar. And so successful was he in the art of teaching, that many of his pupils rose to eminence in their respective professions. Weight, who, on losing the vicarage of Okeham, had resided at London in a very retired condition till after the beheading of his late Majesty, was about this time invited to the mansion of Sir George Grime, or Graham, of Peckham in Surrey ; and be- cause he would not be idle," he instructed Sir George's son in * He was remarkable for his learning ; -whilst at school, and became afterwards a man of extraordinary gravity, exemplary piety and prudence. And the strictness of his government whilst Bishop, according to the laws and canons of the Church, (the observing of which, they called " Practising Wren's Fancies," which, in these very words,- was alleged as one cause for sequestering several of the clergy,) was the very thing which drew upon him that implacable hatred of the Puritan party. The Chapel, which he built at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, and his book against the Socinians, have and will continue lasting monuments of his piety and learning. — Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part II. p. 11. f Wood informs us that in this school, he " educated many ingenious youths, who afterwards proved most eminent in divers faculties." — Wood's Athena Oxoniens&t, vol. ii. col. 377. 742 THE HISTORY OT Latin and Greek, read the Common Prayer on all Sundays and: holidays, and on the principal feasts preached and administered: the sacraments.* At an entertainment in the City on the 7th of June, the Earl of Pembroke refused to sit above Whitelocke, as the Seniot- Commissioner of the Great Seal, saying, loud enough to be heard by all who were near him,. ' What, do you think that I will sit down before you ? I have given place heretofore to Bishop Wil- liams, to my Lord Coventry, and my Lord Littleton. And you have the same place that they had, and as much honour belong* to the place under a commonwealth, as under a King ; and you- are a gentleman as well borrt and bred as any of them, therefore I will not sit down before you.'-f On the 13th of that month,WH iteloc ke was chosen High Steward and Recorderof Oxford, in consequence of which, on the 6th of July, he surrendered his office of Attorney of the Dutchy.J And though, in a political point of view, there is much, very much to condemn in his conduct, it was well for the interests of literature, that such a man was placed in high publick situations, as it gave hint an opportunity on several occasions of showing himself to be^ what he really was, a lover of learning. At an earlier period of the national confusions, in order to preserve the Lord Keeper Littleton's books and manuscripts from being sold and dispersed by the sequestrators, as they would have been, he procured ait order from the House of Commons, that such as could be disco- vered should be bestowed upon himself, resolving, whenever there was a happy accommodation, to restore them to the owner, or to some of his family. Neither was he less useful in preserving the Heralds' office, being one of the Committee*, and very active in * Wood's Athenae, vol. ii. col. 833, 834. t Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 406. t Ibid, pp.409, 412, 441, and Wood's Alliens, vol. ii. col. 545. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 743 ^promoting the ordinance for settling and regulating that establish* ment, though great opposition was made by the lower levelling class of the then ruling powers, who were but of yesterday. He -caused also the manuscripts and books at Whitehall to be removed to M. James's Palace, that those rare monuments of learning and antiquity might be preserved from the depredations of the sol- diers. At the siege of Oxford, where he attended General Fairfax, and was one of his Council of War, from attachment totheUniversity wherein he had been educated, he used all his interest tohavehonoui^- able terms granted to the besieged garrison , especially that the colleges and libraries should not be hurt or plundered.* And now at the instance of the learned Selden, he undertook the care of the Royal library and medals at St. James's, in order to prevent a design formed by some to have them sold and transported beyond sea ; thinking that it would be a dishonour to the nation and a loss to all scholars in this country, and rightly fearing at the same time that in other hands they might be more liable to be embezzled. Under these circumstances therefore he undertook the trouble of preserving them for publick use, having one John Dury, a Ger- man, of considerable learning improved by travelling, for his Deputy Librarian.-f- On the 26th of September, he was ap- pointed one of the Governours for the School and Alms-houses at Westminster, and in November following he opposed a motion made in the House of Commons, that no lawyers should sit in Parliament^- Nor was it long before an occasion offered, which showed how fortunate it was that no such exclusive proposition had been adopted. In November, 1650, in the debates upon the act for putting all law books and processes in Courts of Justice into Eng- * Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 172, 197, 304, 288, and Life of Bulstrode Whitelocke, Esq. Lond. 1712, 8vo. p. 58. f Ibid. pp. 415, 416. t Ibid> PP' 427 > 43K 744 THE HISTORY OT lish, Wiiitelocke argued in favour of the Bill,, declaring that he did not think it reasonable for the generality to depend impli- citly upon the skill of others, and that since the lives and for- tunes of the people are governed by law, and subject to it, he thought it .hould be penned rn the mother tongue r and lie open to common view. And when some of the Members spoke in derogation and dishonour of the laws of England, as taking their character and complection from the Norman conquest, he stood up in defence of his profession, and proved that our laws were not introduced by William the Conqueror.* They are for the most part to be traced to a higher and better original. Amidst all these confusions, however, there were some choice spirits who employed themselves in the pursuits of science, litera- ture, and general philosophy.. The tragick muse found a votary in Thomas Snelling. -f Natural history also had its admirers and successful students. And among them the name of Howe, whom the reader will remember for his forwardness in expressing his loyalty to the late King^ is entitled to respect as the promoter * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 478. f " Thomas Snelling, son of Will. Snelling, of Bushie in Hertfordshire, was born in that county, became scholar of S. John's Coll. in 1633, aged i9 years, and afterwards Fellow ; took the degrees in Arts, that of Master being, compleated in .1640, at which time he was esteemed an excellent Lutin poet, as his poems, printed occa- sionally in several books before the Rebellion broke out in 1642, shew. Afterwards 'he suffered for the royal cause, and published ' Pharamus, sive Libido Vindex, H"kpctnica> Tragadia.' Lond. 1650, oct. In the beginning of this book, are several copies of •verses made in its commendation by Will. Creed, Joh. Goad, Rich. Paynteb,. Will. Walwyn, Pet. Mews, and Arth. Amhurst, all. of S.John's Coll. The title that runs from page to page thro' the whole book is ' V indicia Ingenium.' — Various Poems, some of which are printed in several books occasionally written." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 135- % See page 712 — " Upon the declining of his Majesty's cause, he desisted, pro- secuted his study in physic, retired to London, practised that faculty, 'first in St. Lau- rence-Lane, and then in Milk-Street, and was commonly called by'the name of Doctor Howe." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 204. MERCHANT-TAtLOES* SCHOOL. 745 of botanical knowledge in particular. Until this period no at- tempts had been made in England to separate the indigenous from exotick botany. It is true, Dr. Johnson,* the editor of Gerard, had published local catalogues of the plants of certain districts; but no one had essayed a general list or description of the English plants alone, in the way of what is now called a ' Flora:' a term, which, it is supposed, was first adopted by Simon Pauli, for a catalogue of the plants of Denmark, published in 1648. It is to Howe that we owe the first sketch of a work of this kind ; and, though he does not call his book a ' Flora,' he yet mentions that term in his preface. His publication is entitled, ' Phytologia Britannica, natales exhibens indigenarum Stirpium sponte enter gentium.' It was printed at London in 1650, and con- tains about 13Q pages in duodecimo. The plants are arranged in the alphabetical order of the Latin names with one or two syno- nyms, taken, as best pleased the author, from various writers on the Continent, as well as from Gerard, Parkinson, and Lobe). The place of growth of each plant is noticed, and the particular spots, where the rare ones grow, are specified. The list contains 1220 plants, which (as few mosses and fungi are enumerated) is a copious catalogue for that time, even admitting the varieties, which naturalists in the present state of botany would reject. Howe was unquestionably a man of very considerable learning, and had a strong passion for the study of plants ; but his situation in life does not seem to have allowed him the opportunity of tra- velling into the various parts of England, to gratify his taste or improve his knowledge. The rare plants were almost wholly com- municated by his friends, Mr. Stonehouse, Dr. Bowles, Mr. Heaton, Mr. Logging, Mr. Goodyer, and others.f * For an account of him, see ' Pulteney's Historical and Biographical Sketches of the Progress of Botany in England,' vol. i. p. 126—137. f Pulteney's Historical and Biographical Sketches of the Progress of Botany in England, vol. i. p. 169—172. 5 c 746 THE HISTORY OJ Though learning and the arts received little publick encourage-- ment during the usurpation, many of the Literati pursued their studies to the great benefit of every branch of learning. Dean> Wren and others finding it sometimes unsafe to express their sen- timents on theological subjects, state affairs, or even the news of the day, acquired a habit of confining their conversation to phi- losophical enquiries. And hence the origin of the Royal Society, the foundation of which some years afterwards formed an impor- tant aera in the reign of Charles II.* On the 9th of September, 1051, Whttelocke was appointed^ with three other leading men, to go out of town- to meet Cromwell on his way to London, and congratulate him on his victory at Worcester.-j- And now all opposition being fallen before the ambition of the conqueror, Cromwell* having a design to set up himself, had a meeting at the Speaker's house on the 10th of December, under the pretence of talking with some members of parliament and officers of the army about the settle* ment of the nation, but in reality with no other view than to sound their opinions and inclinations. However, Whitelocke* who was present, delivered his sentiments very unequivocally in favour of a monarchical government, urging that the laws of England were so interwoven Avith the power and practice of mo- narchy, that to settle a government without something of monar- chy in it, would make so great an alteration in the proceedings of our law, that they could scarcely have time to rectify it, nor well foresee the inconveniences that would arise from it. To this he added,, that there might be a day, given for the King's eldest son, or for the Duke of York his brother, to come in to the. Par- liament, and a settlement made with them upon such terms as should be thought fit, and agreeable both to our civil and spiritual * Wood's Annals by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 635. t Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 509. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 747 liberties. But Cromwell had the address to put off the debate, and the company parted without coming to any result.* When the two Commonwealths of England and Holland began to quarrel, and the right of the fishery and dominion of the Bri- tish seas came under debate, the maintaining of those privileges was, on the 23d of June, 1652, committed to Whitelocke, who was better skilled than any one in such points, and in the history and antiquities of the nation.-f- Francis Goldsmith, formerly of St. John s College, Oxford, had now for several years been studying the common law at Gray's Inn.ij; But, probably having an independent fortune,§ and being more closely attached to other kinds of learning, he in- dulged his inclination for poetry, and, this year, favoured the world with a translation from Hugo Grotius of a tragedy or sacred drama, entitled ' Sophompaneas, or Joseph/|| The translation was highly commended. f Cromwell, still anxious to have the crown set upon his own ■* Whitklocke's Memorials, pp. 516— 518. f Ibid. p. 536. J " Francis Goldsmith, son and heir of Francis Goldsmith, of St. Giles's in the Fields, in Midd. Esq. son of Sir Franc. Goldsmith, of Craford in Kent, Knight;, was educated at Merchant -Taylor's School, under Dr. Nicholas Gray, became a Gent. Com. of Pembroke Coll. in the beginning of the year 1629, was soon after translated to St. John's Coll. arid, after he had taken a degree in arts, to Gray's Inn." — Wood's Athens,, vol. ii. col. 193. § Baker's Biographia Dramatica, vol. i. p. 192. || " It was published under the title of ' Annotations on Hugo Grotius his Sophom- paneas, or Joseph, a tragedy.' Lond. 1652, oct. He also translated from Lat. H. Gro- tius his ' Consolatory Oration to his Father,' in verse and prose, with epitaphs, and also his catechism into English Verse, entit. ' Luculenta h sacra Scripturd Testimonial &c. which translations were printed with the annotations before mentioned. What other things Fe. Goldsmith hath written or translated I know not, nor any thing else of him, only that he dying at Ashton in Northamptonshire, either in Aug", or Sept. in sixteen hundred fifty and five, was, I presume,, buried there." — Wood's Athencc, Vol. ii. col> 194. i - f Biographical Dictionary, Edit. 1798, vol. vii. p. 59. 5 c 2 748 THE HISTORY OF head, sent for some of the chief city divines, as if he made it a matter of conscience to be determined by their advice. Among; these was Calamy, who very boldly opposed the project of Crom- well's single government, and offered to prove it both unlawful and impracticable. Cromwell answered readily upon the first head of unlawful, and appealed to the safety of the nation being the supreme law; but said, ' Pray, Mr. Calamy, why impracti- cable ?' He replied, ' Oh ! it is against the voice of the nation, there will be nine in ten against you.' ' Very well/ said Crom- well, ' but what if I should disarm the nine, and put the sword in the tenth man's hand ? would not that do the business ?' Calamy retired, resolving to live as passively and privately as he could under the usurpation of Cromwell, yet so as to give him no reason to suspect that he was a well-wisher to his government.* And, in November, Whitelocke likewise, in a conference with Cromwell, endeavoured to dissuade him from assuming the title of King,, and to prevail on him to enter into a private treaty with Charles IL.f But this proposal was very displeasing from the first to the usurper, who thenceforward grew cool towards Whitelocke, and * Life of Cromwell, p. J33. f His advice was to the following effect-: — " This Prince being now, by your valour and the success which God hath given to the Parliament and to the army under your command, reduced to a very low condition; both be and all about him cannot but be very inclinable to hearken to any terms, whereby their lost hopes may be levived^ of his being restored to the crown, and they to their fortunes and native country.- By a private treaty with him you may secure yourself, and your friends, and their for- tune ; you may make yourself and your posterity as great and permanent to- all huiman probability as ever any subject was ; and provide for your friends. You may put such, limits to monarchical power, as will secure our spiritual and civil liberties;, and you, may secure the cause in which we are all engaged ; and this may be effectually done y , by having the power of the militia continued in yourself, and whom you shall agree upon after you. I propound therefore for your Excellency to send to the King of Scots, and to have a private treaty with hini for this purpose, &c." — Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 550, 551. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 749 had but little intercourse and correspondence with him. In order to get him out of the way, and deprive him of his office of Com- missioner of the Great Seal, he was named one and the chief of the Commissioners for administering the civil government of Ire- land. Arguments were not wanting to urge him to accept of it ; such as the great command, the honour, and the considerable profit •of that employment. But, as he perceived the offer proceeded rather from ill than good will, and that Cromwell was forwarding it underhand, as not liking his advice at the late conference, nor brooking his non-compliance with his pleasure in some chancery causes, he at first discreetly excused himself from that service, as not likely to advance either his honour or his profit, especially as it was in a country, towards which he had no great regard. And when, at last, he felt himself somewhat over-pressed, he got rid of the nomination by a resolute denial.* However, not long after, Cromwell found occasion, by a more honourable employment, to send him out of the way, that he might be no obstacle or impedi- ment to his ambitious designs.-f- But this will be noticed in its proper place. Whitelocke was very uneasy and displeased at the army's beginning to set up for themselves without the Parliament, and always earnestly declared his judgment against it, as the most dan- gerous and ungrateful thing that could be practised. The 20th ©f April, 1653, he urged the same arguments at a great meeting of Parliament men and officers in Cromwell's lodgings, and argued that dissolving the Parliament would be warrantable neither in : conscience nor wisdom. And when it was proposed that a num- ber, about forty, should be nominated and empowered by the: House, for managing the affairs of the commonwealth till a new, * Whjtelocke's Memorials, pp. 5S6 and 551. f This manoeuvre was afterwards confessed by some of Cromwell'* nearest-relations,, particularly his daughter Cleypole.— Whiteiocks's Memorials, pp. 55%. and 020* 750 THE HISTOEY OF Parliament should meet, and so the present one to be forthwith dissolved, he opposed the measure, fearing lest he might be one of the forty, who he thought would be in a desperate condition after the dissolution had taken place. But, notwithstanding his own and his party's endeavours, the Parliament was dissolved in a rude and arbitrary manner by Cromwell.* On the 1st of May, died Parsons, Principal of Hart Hall, Oxford. He was buried in the chancel of Barrington Magna in Berkshire, not far from Burford, Oxfordshire.-!" After the late change of the government, Wh itelocke durst not proceed in the business of the Great Seal, till after Cromwell and his Council of officers had set forth a declaration of their grounds and reasons for dissolving the late Parliament, and an order that '* Cromwell inarched with a party of soldiers to the House, and led a file of mus- queteers in with him; the rest he placed at the door of the House, and in the lobby before it. In this manner entering the House, he in a furious manner bid the Speaker leave his chair, and told the House that they had sat long enough, unless they had done more good ; that some of them were whore-masters (looking towards Henry Martin and Sir Peter Wentwortb), that others of them were drunkards, and some corrupt and unjust men, and scandalous to the profession of the gospel, and that it was not fit they should sit as a Parliament any longer, and desired them to go away. Among all the Parliament men, of whom many wore swords, and would sometimes brag high, not one man offered to draw his sword against Cromwell, or to make the least resistance against him ; but all of them tamely departed the House. He bid one of his soldiers " Take away that fool's bauble," — the mace ; and staid himself to see all the Members out of the House, himself the last of them, and then caused the doors of the House to be shut up. And " thus (says Whitelocke) was this great Parliament, which had done so great things, wholly at this time routed by those whom they had set up, and that took their commissions and authority from them ; nor could they in the least justify any action they had done, or one drop of blood they had spilt, but by this authority. Yet now the servants rose against. their masters, and most ingratefully and disingenuously, as well as rashly and imprudently, they dis- solved that power by which themselves were created officers and soldiers ; and now they took all that they designed, all power into their own hands." — Memorials, p. 554. t Wood's Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p. 646. merchant-Taylors' school. 751 all civil officers should proceed as formerly in the execution of their offices.* But Cromwell was so much offended with him that he did not admit him into his little or first Parliament, which assembled in July, and his great Commission was superseded by the vote, on the 5th of August, for taking away the Court of Chancery.-f- And to remove him yet further, the honourable em- ployment already hinted at was contrived for him, as a kind of creditable exile. This was an embassage to the famous Christina* Queen of Sweden, to which he was nominated by Cromwell on the 4th of September. The appointment being confirmed in Par- liament ten days after, he received his commission and instruc- tions from the hand of the Speaker on the 29th of October; and, having very expeditiously prepared himself for the voyage, he set out from London on the 2d of November, embarked at Graves- end on the 5th, sailed the 6th, and:, after a difficult passage, arrived at Gottenburgh the 15th of that month. $ Previous to his departure, however, understanding that the Par- liament was shortly to resign its powers to Cromwell, who there- upon was to assume the supreme legislative authority under the title of Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scot- land, and Ireland, Whitelocke had a hand in contriving the instrument of government which Cromwell was to subscribe, and into which he took care to introduce some alterations in the repre- sentation of the Commons, which have been thought not unworthy, the serious consideration of better times. § Having thus provided for the great alteration which was to take place at home during his absence, Whitelocke proceeded vigo- rously in the affairs of his embassy, notwithstanding he met with; * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 555. t * bid - PP- 562 > 564 - J Ibid., pp. 564, 565, 567, 569, 6. % This instrument was printed at the time in folio, and is inserted in the Memorials,, p. 57 1. See likewise the Biographia Biitannica. Art. Whitelocke; Note W-. 752 THE HISTORY OF great obstructions from that pedant Queen Christina, who at the audiences which he had with her, instead of hearkening to his business, entertained him with her crude notions of philosophy.* In other respects, she showed him and his sons great civilities, inviting them to her balls and other diversions, and creating him Knight of the Order of Amarantha, of which she herself was Sovereign.^ And it was on account of this knighthood, that he was frequently stiled Sir Bulstrode Whitelocke. At length, having overcome all difficulties, he concluded a firm alliance between England and Sweden, about the beginning of May, l654,;f: before the Queen's imprudent resignation of her Crown. And immediately setting out upon his return home, he came to Hamburgh on the 10th of June, embarked at Gluckstadt the 17th, and, after a dangerous passage, having struck upon a sand near Yarmouth, arrived in England on the 28th of that month. On the 6th of July, he gave the Protector and his Council a circum- stantial account of his embassy. § And as he valued his personal safety too much to quarrel with Cromwell, though he did not approve of his proceedings, he thought it prudent to continue in the commission of the Great Seal. || At the meeting of the Pro- tector's second Parliament, in which he was chosen to represent the counties of Bucks, Oxford, and Bedford, he was appointed one of the Commissioners of the Exchequer with a salary of ,£1000 a year, and carried the purse with the Great Seal before him ; and, on the 6th, he gave the House a particular narrative of his nego- ciations at the Court of Sweden, for which he not only received * See Wicquefort de l'Ambassadeur, &c. Ed. 1682, 4to. Peart ii. p. 97, referred to in the Biographic Biitannica. Art. Whitelocke. f Her Majesty wore, as a badge of it, a rich jewel tied to a crimson riband under her left breast. — Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 580, 582. % Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 580, 582. § Ibid. p. 593. || About this time he was also made Recorder of Bristol. — Memorials, pp. 584, 597, 599. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 753 their thanks, but also a vote of .£2000, partly for the arrears of his expenses, and partly as a reward for his services.* He was so diligent in his attendance upon Parliament, and gained so great an interest in it, that Cromwell was highly displeased with him, and grew jealous of him, suspecting that his design at bottom was to bring in the King, because he did not cease to declare for a truly free Parliament, which was indeed the way to effect the restoration of the monarchy .-j- On the 2d of September, White log ke was appointed one of the Visitors for the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and the schools of Westminster, Winchester, Merchant-Taylors, and Eaton.:]: But it does not appear what part he took in the pro- ceedings of the Visitors. And, about the same time, Heyrick, formerly Warden of Christ's College in Manchester, and who had lost his wardenship for no other reason than that the college itself was dissolved, having sided with the Presbyterians in the begin- ning of the rebellion, taken the covenant, and carried on the cause of iniquity with great zeal, was made an assistant to the Com- missioners of Lancashire for the ejection of such as they were pleased to call scandalous and ignorant ministers and school- masters. The only literary anecdote connected with this year is, that Gayton published his ' Pleasant notes upon Don Quixot/ partly in prose and partly in verse. * The payment of this testimony of parliamentary favour was however not made good till Feb. 1656-7. — Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 599 — 604, 655- t " And this (says he) began now to be held fit and requisite by many sober and faithful patriots, who were distasted at Cromwell's private ambition and insolent domi- neering, and feared the faction daily increasing, that would prevent a firm settlement of our peace." — Memorials, pp. 606, 620. J These are the only schools for which Visitors were provided, and this is the order in which they are mentioned in the act.— Scobell's Collect. Part II. pp. 366, 367, 368, and Wood's Annuls by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 660,. See also page 30 of this Work. 5 D 754 THE HISTORY 01? After the dissolution of the Parliament on the 22d of Janiia^, 1655, Cromwell and his Council having framed an ordinance for the better regulating and limiting the jurisdiction of the High Court of Chancery, Whitelocke made some shrewd observations upon its inconveniences, and declared, that to comply with it was contrary to his judgment and conscience. No consideration could prevail upon him to execute this ordinance. And therefore, on the 6th of June, he resigned the Seal, for doing which, he said, he under- went various censures, but never had cause to repent of having done it.* ' His fortunes and interest, indeed, began sensibly to decrease. His former pretended dear friends and frequent visitors withdrew themselves, and began neither to own nor to know him.. But Cromwell, struck with remorse at his harsh, proceedings against him for keeping to that liberty of conscience, which he himself pretended to regard as the right of every man, and for which no one ought to suffer, made him, by way of recompense, one of the Commissioners of the Treasury, with a salary of «£lOOQ per annum ;-|- and, having had good proof of his inflexible inte- grity, would often advise with him on matters of the greatest im- portance, particularly foreign affairs, on which he seldom omitted to consult him, sensible that Whitelocke' s advice was always more serviceable, though sometimes less pleasing at the time than that of others, who, for their private ends, would flatter him,, and seldom differ from him in judgment. On every proper, occasion, Whitelocke pressed him to have frequent Parliaments, though contrary to the sentiments and persuasions of others. And Crom- well, in testimony of his returning favour, constituted, him, on the 2d of November, one of his Council of Trade. About this timCj Wright was prevailed on to leave the retire^ ment of Sir George- Graham's- house at Peckham, and to take charge of St.. Qlave's,. Silver-Street, a small parish in the City of * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 620— 626. t Ibid; pp.626, 627. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL 755 London. In this employment he passed four years, preaching constantly twice every Sunday, once at St. Olave's and once in some other Church. But though he thus exercised his ministerial functions, and received the little profits accruing from the appoint- ment to which he was chosen, he refused to take actual possession of the living, as Hector, that he might not be bound by the oaths and obligations imposed by the ecclesiastical usurpers of the times. He baptized and buried according to the book of Common Prayer, and administered the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper according to the Liturgy of the Church of England. And therefore, being looked upon as one of the Cavalier Ministers of London, he had his share in the troubles which came upon Dr. Hew it,* Dr. Pear- son, and others, and was once at least under examination for keep- ing up intelligence with the Loyal Party .-f— But two books, recently edited by Merchant-Taylors, demand our attention. The first was a valuable acquisition to the student of natural his- tory. Matthias de Lobel, Botanist to King James, had meditated a very large work, which was to have borne the title of ' Illustra- tionesVlantarum! But he not living to finish it, a fragment of it fell into the hands of Howe, who published it in quarto, at Lon- don, in the year 1655, under the following title, ' Matthice de Lobel, M. D. Botanographi regii eximii, stirpium illustrationes, plu- rimas elaborantes inauditas plantas subreptitiis Joh. Parkinson rapso- diis (ex Codice M.S. insalutato) sparsim gravata, ejusdem adjecta sunt ad Calcem Theatri Botanici ApapTypctl*. Accurante Guil. Howe, Anglo.' It contains the descriptions of many grasses and other plants newly discovered, or lately introduced.^. Nor was the other book less acceptable to the antiquary. Many * John Hewit, of Cambridge, was actually created Doct. of Div. at Oxford, 17 Oct. 1643.— Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. col. 40. f Wood's Athena;, vol. ii. col. 844. + Pulteney's Historical and Biographical Sketches, vol. i. pp. 105 and 173. + 5D2 756 THE HISTOEY OF years had elapsed since Inigo Jones, the celebrated architect^ took an accurate survey of the surprising group of stones upon* Salisbury-Plain, commonly called Stone-Henge, and drew up an account, with his opinion of that famous monument of antiquity, which he supposed to have been originally a Roman temple, in- scribed to Ccelus, and built betwixt the time of Agricola's govern- ment and the reign of Constantine the Great. But the papers lying by him in an imperfect state till his death, they then came into the hands of his relation, John Webb, of Botleigh in Somer- setshire, who, at the desire of Harvey Sheldon, and other anti- quaries, reduced them to form, and published them in folio,, under the title of * The most notable Antiquity of Great Britain, vulgarly called Stone-Heng on Salisbury-Plain, restored by Inigo Jones, Esquire, Architect-Generall to the late King/* Webb was peculiarly qualified for the editorial office in this in- stance, having, on quitting Merchant-Taylors, been instructed by Jones himself in mathematicks and architecture, and de- signed by him for his successor, but was prevented by Sir John. Denham.-f" Either in August or September this year died Francis Gold?- smitii, the translator of Grotius's ' Sophompaneas.'X In the beginning of the year ] 656, Whitelocke was nomi- nated one of the Ambassadors Extraordinary to Sweden. But, *• It appears that only a few copies of this hook were printed, and of: those few several were destroyed in the fire of London. There is a copy, with a portrait by Hollar, in the library of Sion College. But the work being generally approved by antiquaries, and grown very scarce, it was reprinted, together with two other dis- courses on the same subject, at London, 1725, folio, — Biographia Britannka, Art- Jones (Inigo.) Note B. •f* Wood's Athenac, vol. ii. col. 1113. J " Leaving then behind him a daugh. named Catharine, afterwards the wife of Sir Henry Dacres, Knight. His father, Francis Goldsmith, died the. 1 6th of Decern. 1634, and was buried in the chancel of the church belonging to the parish of St. Giles in the Fields, near to London."— Wood's Athene, vol. ii. col. 194. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL.. ^5% thinking that he had not been adequately rewarded for the danger, trouble, and success of his former mission, he declined that employment. At the same time he did not refuse being one of the Commissioners to treat with the Swedish Ambassador then, iu England. And, under his particular care, after long nego- ci&tions, of which he has given us a detail in his Memorials,, a treaty was signed on the J?7th of July between the English and: Swedes.* About the beginning of September, died the noted Herbalist William Howe, who, though it does not appear that he ever took his Doctor's degree, was commonly called Doctor HowE.f He was a Physician, who nobly endeavoured, notwithstanding it was contrary to his interest, to bring back the practice of medicine to its antient standard. And much is it to be lamented that his example has not been more generally followed by the faculty, since, if it had been, the healing art would not have been enslaved to hypothesis and theory. In Cromwell's third Parliament, which met September the 17th,. Whitelocke was elected one of the Knights for the County of Bucks, and supplied the place of Speaker during Sir Thomas WiddringtonV illness. J The Oxford. Visitors and their proceedings being now generally disliked, as well by the Presbyterians as the Churchmen, inas- much as it frequently happened that they were judges in their * Whitelocke's Memorials, pp.627, 632, 633, 650. f " He died in his house in Milk-Street, in the month of Aug. or beginning of Sept.. in sixteen hundred fifty and six, and was buried according to his will, I suppose, in the Church of St. Margaret, within the City of Westminster, in a grave at least six feet deep, onthe left side of the body of his mother. He left behind him a choice library of books of his faculty, but how they were bestowed I cannot tell." — Wood's Athen#,» . vol. ii. col. £04. % W.h i t elo ck e's Memorials, pp. 627, 632, 633, 650. . THE HISTORY OP «wn cause, :and by constant residence in the University, con- tracted partialities which .rendered them unfit for exercising a visitatorial power, it was hoped that Parliament, following the ex- ample of the Founders, would appoint some of the principal officers of the State, Visitors of the respective Colleges* to whom, by reason of their absence from the scene of controversy, access would be less easy, and whom, consequently, no one would trou- ble with appeals, unless on some absolute breach of statutes, or for some real injury done to himself. A statement to this effect "Was drawn up for the consideration of Parliament ; and, in the dis- tribution of colleges among the publick functionaries of the com- monwealth, it was proposed to assign AU Souls and Balliol to Bulstrode Lord Whitelocke, Lord Commissioner of the Trea- sury, and after him to the Lord Commissioner for the Treasury, or the Lord Treasurer, his and their successors for the time being. But though the matter occasioned much discussion, and the evils complained of demanded a remedy, the Independents were too strong a party to let an act pass to this effect.* •On the 6th of February, 1657, a number of learned men were called together by the existing authorities^- for the purpose of reviewing the English translation of the Bible, and of offering their opinion thereon to the Grand Committee for Religion. The care of this business was particularly delegated to Whitelocke, at whose house at Chelsea, these literary meetings were held. But the design miscarried by the sudden dissolution of the Parliament, * Wood's Annals by •Gutch, vol. ii. p.t>76— 680. t " The order was thus: — Jan. 16. At the Grand Committee for Religion,— Ordered, -that it be referred to a sub-committee to send for and advise with Dr.Walton, Mr. Hughes, Mr. Castle, Mr. Clark, Mr. P-oulk, Dr. Cudworth, and such others as they shall think fit, and to consider of the translations and impressions of the Bible, and to offer their opinions therein to this Committee, and that it be especially com- mended to the Lord Commissioner Whitelocke to lake care of -this business. Whjte.locke's Memorials, p. 654. HERCHANI'-TAYLOR/S' SCHOOL. 759' before they could come to any agreement, save that the last trans- lation was the best extant.* The leading men in Parliament had now been long engaged about the settlement of the nation,, and had framed a writing which they called ' The humble Petition and Advice of the Par- liament of England, Scotland, and Ireland, to his Highness ;' the chief point of which was for the Protector to have the title of King. And Whitelocee was desired to present it to the House. But there being some things in it disagreeable to him, he begged to decline doing so. However, being afterwards made Chairman of the Committee appointed to confer with Cromwell about it, and anxious for the establishment of monarchical government in the person of some one or other, for the sake of restoring peace to the country, he concurred with them in advising the Protector to take the title of King. But Cromwell durst not assume it, being awed by the solicitations of the commonwealth party, and the fears of a mutiny in the army, whose threats ran very high.-j- At this time Whiteioco was much in favour with Cromwell, at whose solemn inauguration at Westminster, on the 26'th of June, he rode by, his son Richard, in one of the boots of the state- coach, with a drawn sword in his hand. J. On. the 14th of Sep- tember, he advised the Protector to besiege Dunkirk ; and, on the 7th of December, persuaded him to further the relief of the poor persecuted Protestants in Piedmont. And, though he had shortly before been unsuccessful in his application for the Provostship of Eaton College,^ he received, on the 11th of December, a writ of * Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 869- f Whitelogke's Memorials, p. 656— 662,, and the Life of. B. Whitelocke, Esq. p. 27 1—344. X Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 662. § " Oct. 25. The Provost of Eaton College, Mr. Rouse, being dead, I. had some thought, and was advised by some friends to endeavour to have the place of Provost,, a thing of good value, quiet and honourable, and fit for a scholar, and 1 was not 760 THE HISTORY OF summons under the Great Seal, to sit in what was then called ' the other House/ the form of which writ was the same as used to t>e sent to summon the Peers in Parliament.* Early in February, 1658, the Protector taking a sudden reso- lution to dissolve his Parliament, Whiteeocke did his utmost to dissuade him from it, telling him the danger of such frequent dissolutions, and what straits such a course would bring him into for money. But this advice was not received. And, therefore, Whitelocke, dissatisfied with the present state of publick pro- ceedings, resolved, on the 19th of that month, to live as retired as possible.-}- However, on the 24th of April, he was appointed one of the Committee for hearing appeals from Guernsey and Jersey. And three days after, he was named One of the Com- missioners for the trial of his schoolfellow, Dr. John Hewit ; but he declined acting in the High Court of Justice, its proceed- ings being, as he frankly declared, against his judgment. On the 29th of May, Dean Wren died at Blechington in Ox- fordshire, in the house of his son-in-law, Mr. William Holder, Rector of that parish, whither he had retired from oppression; and was interred in the chancel of the Church there. He was well skilled in all branches of the mathematicks. And there are ex- tant some marginal notes, written by him in a copy of Sir Henry Wotton's * Elements of Architecture/ which shew his knowledge in that art. A very strong roof made by him at Knoyle, where he was Rector, exhibits a curious specimen of his contrivance. But in nothing was his tasteful ingenuity more displayed than in the invention of a serpentine river.j wholly uncapable of it; I therefore made applications to his Highness concerning it, but found him engaged, or at least seeming to be so for another ; my service was past, and therefore no necessity of s. recompense, but this was reserved as a bait for some others to be employed by his Highness." — Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 665. * Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 665. f Ibid. pp. 665, 672, 673. J With respect to the latter, the IXean's words are — " For disposing the current of a river to a mighty length in a little space, I invented the serpentine; a form ad- MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 701 By this time every thing was prepared for the trial of He wit and his companions. The general charge against the prisoners was for endeavouring to levy war against the government, on the behalf of Charles Stuart. The particular charge against Hewit was, for dispersing commissions from the son of the late King, and persuading divers to raise forces by virtue of the same. The Doctor being brought before the court, on Tuesday the 1st of June, demurred to their jurisdiction, and moved that he might fee tried by a jury; but they over-ruled his demurrer, and ac- quainted him, that unless he would plead to his charge, they would cause his refusal to be entered, and proceed against him as if the fact was confessed. This being twice said to him, he was required the third time to plead. To which he answered, that if the judges would declare it to be according to law for him to plead, he would obey. But he was told that the gentlemen then present were his judges,' and that if he would not plead, they would record his contempt the third time, and upon his refusal they did so. He was then taken from the bar. And, next day, he received his sentence, as a traitor, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. But neither then nor during his short continuance in prison did he shew the least dejection of spirit ; for, when a friend told him he was glad to hear he received his sentence without dis- turbance, he replied, * My Lord and Master was made to carry his cross, and I, the meanest of his servants^ shall becarriedtomine/ Cromwell's dearest daughter, who had married Mr.Claypole, inter- ceded for his life, but could not prevail with the Tyrant her father.* mirably .conveying the current in circular, and yet .contrary motions, upon one and the same level, with walks and retirements between, to .the advantage of all purposes, either irf gardenings, plantings, or banquetings, or any delights, and the multiplying of infinite fish in a little compass of ground, without any sense of their being restrained. In brief, it is to reduce the current of u, mile's length in the compass of an orchard."-- Rarentalia a £ . 142. ■ * JSnglansfe Worthies by Will. Wanstanley, p. 573. 5 E 762 THE HISTORY OF Only on Saturday the 5th, the sentence was altered, his head being to be severed from his body on Tower-Hill, on Tuesday the eighth of the same month. The former part of Sunday he em- ployed in prayer, and the afternoon he passed in discourse with such of his friends as came to condole with him, but he deported himself with that cheerfulness, that they, not he, needed to be comforted. And when, at night, the guard was relieved, he turned to them that were going, and said, « Farewell, my dear friends.* On Monday morning his lady came to visit him, not to take her leave for a day, but to resolve not to see him again in the flesh. And, after many affectionate farewells and tears, they parted, to meet no more in this world. This being past, he made it his only work to prepare for a better life, in which Wilde, an ejected Fellow of St. John's, gave him, at his request,* his pious assists * " Dr. Hewit's Letter to Dr. Wilde, the day before he suffered: " Dearest Brother, " I have no cause to think that you have not at any time taken me along with you in the daily walk upon your knees to Heaven,, but I beseech you, and all my brethren, to be (now especially) very mindful to call upon God for me. The more company 1 go withal, the more welcome I shall be made. I should be loath either to leave out of my creed, or to be left out of the benefit of, the communion of Saints j two are better than one. Two or three have the advantage of a promise ; but to go with a multitude to the house of God, where all comers are welcome, is to be assured beforehand of good entertainment. Admission will hardly be denied to any, for whom there is great importunity of many ; if the gate be shut, much knocking will open it ; or if that would not do it, united forces would offer an holy violence-. Many will prevail, where one alone can do but little good- Woe unto him that.is alone. " Therefore, dear Brother, since it is the infirmity of our nature, that we live not without the occasions of giving and taking of offence, and it is the corruption of our nature that the offences we give we write in the dust, those we take we engrave in marble ; if you know or shall hear of any one, either of my brethren or other per- sons, whom by any act of scandal I have tempted, or provoked, or lessened, or dis- turbed, to exclude me the benefit of their charitable prayers or wishes, I beseech you to beg of them from me, for me, their pardon. And let not any private wild-fire of passion put out the holy flames of a diffiusive charity : and, as for myself, I do here MERCHANT-TAYLOES* SCHOOL. ®* vifi Some time before this, Christopher Wren, son of the late Dean, of Windsor, and nephew to the Bishop of Ely, had become acquainted with Mr. Claypole, who having a turn for mathema- ticks, had a great esteem for young Christopher, and took all occasions of cultivating his friendship and courting his conversa- tion, particularly by frequent invitations to his house and table. Upon one of these occasions, it happened that Cromwell came into the company as they sat at dinner, and (as his custom was in his own family) took his place without any ceremony. After a little time, fixing his eyes on the guest, he said to him, ' Your trncle (meaning Bishop Wren) has been long confined in the Tower/ ' He has so, Sir, (answered Christopher); but he bears his, affliction with great patience and resignation/ ' He may come out, if he will/ said Cromwell. ' Will your Highness permit me to. * Malcolm's Londinium Redivivuin, vol. iv. p. 465—481. Where the reader may see the substance of the trial, and the Doctor's speech and two prayers, reprinted from a pamphlet published in 1658.— Hewit " hath extant several sermons, among which, are ' nine select sermons preached at St.GregoryV London, 1658, oct."— Wood'&Fasti,, ▼oj. ii. col. 40. 766 THE HISTORY 01' tell him this from your own mouth ?' pursued Christopher. * Yes, you may,' answered Cromwell. As soon as the delighted nephew could decently retire, he hastened to the Tower, and informed the Bishop of all the particulars of this interview with the Pro- tector. Upon which, his Lordship expressed himself warmly to th's effect, that this was not the first time he had received the like intimation from that miscreant, but that he disdained the terms pro- jected for his enlargement, which were to be a mean acknowledg- ment of his favour, and an abject submission to his detestable tyranny, — that he was determined patiently to tarry the Lord's leisure, and owe his deliverance (which he trusted was not. far off) to Him only.* From motives, probably of a more worldly nature, White- xocke, at this conjuncture, declined receiving some instances of the Protector's favour. On the 23d of June, overtures were made to him to accept the place of Governour of Dunkirk, but he thought proper to wave it; and, on the 21st of August, Cromwell signed a patent to make him a Viscount, but this likewise he re- fused to accept. And, on the 3d of September, the Protector was removed out of a world, which he had contributed so largely to trouble ;f his death having been hastened by that of his fa- vourite daughter Claypole, who, on finding herself unable to save the life of Hewit, fell sick, and died within two months.:]: About this time, John Edwards, son of the celebrated author of ' Gangraena/§ began to distinguish himself at St. John's Col- lege, Cambridge, to which University he had been removed on completing his grammatical education at Merchant-Taylors'. Dr.. * Parentalia, pp. 33, 34. f Whitelowcke's Memorials, pp. 673, 674, J England's Worthies by Will. Win Stanley, p. 573*, and Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. col. 89- | Thomas Edward^, a violent Presbyterian divine, of whom an account is given ip the Biographia Britannica. Art. Edwards. MERCHA^T-TAYtORs' SCHOOL. 76*7 Anthony Tuckney, a Presbyterian divine of consequence at that period, and a gentleman of acknowledged character and learning, was then head of that House. And, as the height of the Doctor's ambition was to render his College distinguished for the exactness of its discipline, he was particularly pleased with the wise and discreet conduct of young Edwards, who, soon after his admis- sion, had been chosen scholar of the House, and much taken no- tice of , for the correctness of his exercises, both in his tutor's chamber and the College Hall. Towards the close of his under- graduateship, the Senior Proctor being then of St. John's, he had been appointed one of the moderators for the year. And now his merits were rewarded with a fellowship, and he was again chosen moderator in the schools.* In the beginning of 1659, there happened a controversy about the proctorship of the University of Oxford, on the ground that those lately elected thereto by their respective Houses were not capable of it, the Senior, George Philipps, of Queen's being over* and the Junior, Thomas Wyatt, of St. John's being under, standing. The opposers of these elections were the members of the Halls, who taking it for granted that the statutes were thereby broken, and that consequently the. election of both, or at least one, of the Proctors, was to fall among them, Mr. Hugh Davenant, of Hart Hall, did, in their name, in a Convocation held on the 30th of March, make a protestation against the said elections, which protest was signed by two principals and five masters of Halls. He then read a variety of exceptions against their elec- tion, drawn from the University Statutes, showing them incapable of their offices. And, at length, after a great stir had been made * John Edwakds was born at Hertford, Feb. 26, 1637, entered at St. John's Col- lege, Cambridge, in 1653, admitted to the degree of M. A. in 1661, and shortly after- wards ordained Deacon. Bishop Sanderson engaged him at the same time to preach a sermon at the next ordination of Priests, which was then approaching.— Biograplm Britcmnica. Art. Edwards, John. 7 08 THE HISTOUt, OF on the side of the Halls, the Principal of Magdalen Hall being the chief stickler in the business, it was determined that thte dis- pute should be decided at the admission of the Proctors, which was to take place in a Convocation on the 13th of the following month. On the day appointed, D&venant appeared, and pro- tected, in the name of Hart and Magdalen Halls, against the ad- mission of Wyatt only. To him Thomas Edwards, of St. John's, iliade answer, in the name of the President and Masters of that College. But the Principal of Magdalen Hall still persisting that Wyatt was not duly elected, either according to the old or new statutes, and therefore not fit to be admitted to the office, the Pre- sident of St. John's stood up, and spoke very well against what the Principal had affirmed, asserting that the election had not been at all contrary to statute. At the end of his discourse, he desired the Vice-chancellor to admit Wyatt, which being acceded to, the President presented him, and he took his place. But Davenant, still dissatisfied, read an appeal, subscribed by two principals and four masters of Halls, and required the Registrar to enter it as a publick act* Richard, the new Protector, having a particular respect for Whitelocke, made him one of the Keepers of the Great Seal without any solicitation on his part; and, on the 21st of April, consulted him whether it were not fit to dissolve the Parliament. Whitelocke doubted the success of it, amd wished they might be permitted to sit a little longer, especially as they had begun to consider of raising money, whereby the army would be engaged in support of the government. And though the general Council of Officers had taken a resolution to displace Richard, Whjte- xocke, when his advice was required, honestly declared what in his judgment was for the yo-ang Protector's good.-f- Soon after * Wood's Annals by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 686, f Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 676, 677. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 769 this the officers assumed the government without a single person, kingship, or house of peers. With the protectorship the office of Commissioner of the Great Seal ceased. But, on the 13th of May, Whitelocke was named one of the Council of State, in which situation he was accused of holding a correspondence with Sir Edward Hyde, and other friends and ministers of Charles II. but he positively denied it, and so the matter dropped.* On the 5th of June he was named Commissioner, with Algernon Sydney and Sir Robert Honeywood, to go and mediate a peace between the Kings of Sweden and Denmark, but disliking Sydney's haugh- tiness and overbearing temper, he got himself excused from that troublesome business. About this time he was promoting an union between England and Scotland, for which purpose he brought a bill into Parliament on the 30th of July. When Gene- ral Monk heard that the management of that union was left to Whitelocke, he sent him some very complimentary letters, in which he expressed a wish to see him in Scotland. f And happy would it have been for him if he had accepted that invitation, as, most probably, a man of his good sense would have joined the * Whitelocke's Memorials, pp.678 — 680 and 682. — It is not unreasonable to suppose there might be some ground for the accusation, as in those distracted times, almost every man's conduct by turns became equivocal.. When he was President of the Council of State, he was very active in taking measures to suppress the insurrec- tion of Sir George Booth and others about that time, and joined in the votes for renouncing the pretended title of Charles Stuart and the whole line of King James, -and of every other person, as a single person, pretending to the government of these nations ; but from his great partiality to monarchy, it is very probable that he never totally lost sight of what he considered the best form of government, and the reader cannot but recollect his ingenuous behaviour to Charles at Oxford, for which he would undoubtedly have been punished by the Parliament, if they could have proved it against him. In more instances than one he was indebted for his safety to the wariness of his own conduct and the honour of those, to whom he communicated his sentiments, when at variance with the politicks of the day. f Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 680 and 683. 5 F j70 THE HISTORY OF General in the King's restoration. But his ill fate kept him at home ; where, on the 22d of October, he was nominated one of the Committee of Ten, to consider of fit ways to carry on the' affairs of the government. On the 26th of the same month he was appointed one of the twenty-three members of the Committee of Safety for the preservation of the peace, and for preparing a form of government for these nations upon the foundation of a commonwealth. On the 16th of November, he became one of the Committee of Nineteen, to determine the qualifications of members of Parliament. And, about the same time, the Great Seal was again put into his hands. But, though he acted in all these several capacities, it was with much doubt and perplexity, as he was far from being satisfied with the justice and legality of his actions. His doubts and scruples are evident to every reader of his Memorials. What in some degree surmounted them, and prevailed upon him to act, was the consideration that there was no visible authority or power for government at that time, but that of the army, — that, if some legal authority were not agreed upon and settled, the army would probably take it into their hands and govern by the sword, or set up some form prejudicial to the rights and liberties of the people, and for the particular advantage and interest of the soldiery, — and that, knowing the purpose of Vane and others to be, to lessen the power of the laws, and to make such changes in the magistracy, ministry, and govern- ment of the nation, as would be of dangerous consequence to the peace of the country, he might be instrumental in his employ- ment to prevent such confusion and keep things in some degree of order.* General Monk and many of his officers having now declared for the remains of the Long Parliament, against the officers of the army in England, the Committee of Safety issued out commissions. * Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 685—688. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 771 for raising new forces, and Whitelocke accepted of one for a regiment of horse. To counterbalance Monk's endeavours and proceedings, he and some of the principal officers represented to the Lord Mayor and Common Council of London, that the bot- tom of the General's design was to bring in the King by a new civil war ; the danger of which to the city and nation he repre- sented at large, and advised them to provide for their own safety, and unite for the preservation of the publick peace. And when Lambert, deluded by Monk's pretensions of peace, stopped the march of his forces northward, Whitelocke, foreseeing that Monk only sought delays till he could bring up his army to Lon- don, wrote to Lambert, to advance speedily with all his forces, and endeavour to attack Monk, and bring the matter to an issue before he was better provided : but his advice was not fol- lowed.* The restoration now beginning to dawn, Bishop Wren was frequently consulted by the Royalists upon the affairs of the Church.-f- The various tumults and insurrections that took place in almost every part of the nation now filled Whitelocke with the utmost perplexity and distraction. He wished himself well out of these daily hazards, but knew not how to disentangle himself. At one time he much furthered the meeting of a new Parliament; a pro- clamation for which came out the 15th of December. But, being hurried with the repeated and certain advices, that Monk's design was to bring in the King without any terms for the Parliament "* Whitelocke's Memorials, pp.686, 688, 689- f See Extracts of Letters between Dr. John Barwick, Dean of St. Paul's, London, and the Lord Chancellor Hyde, Earl of Clarendon; relating to the affairs of the Church of England, negociated chiefly with Dr. Matthew Ween, B.shop of Ely, in the time of the exile of King Charles II. the originals of which are repos.ted in the library of St. John's College in Cambridge, printed in the Appendix of Record, to the Account of Bishop Wben in Parentalia, p. 35—39. 5 F2 ^72 THE HISTORY OF im party, whereby all their lives and fortunes would be at the mercy of the King and his adherents, who were sufficiently enraged at the wrongs they had endured, he went on the S2d to Fleetwood, and proposed to him this alternative, either to order all his forces to be drawn together, and himself and his friends to appear at the head of them^ and see what stand they could make, or else im- mediately to send some trusty person to the King, with offers of his own and his friend's services for restoring his Majesty to his right, and that upon such terms as the King should agree upon ; and he offered to go himself. But Fleetwood refusing to do it without Lambert's consent, who was at too great a distance, this proposal dropped. The next day, Colonel Ingoldsby and others intimated to him, that his condition required he should go to the King with the Great Seal ; which overture however he did not comply with. The Rump Parliament being assembled, December 26, he found that he was to expect no quarter from them, Scot, Nevil, and others, having threatened to take away his life. Scot, in particu- lar, had said, that he should be hanged with the Great Seal about his neck, for having acted in the Committee of Safety, and there- fore he thought it wisest not to appear in the House. However, the Speaker having by letter required his attendance, and used some persuasions, he came to the House for about two days. Bat observing that many of his old acquaintance looked very cool upon him, and being informed of a design of some in the House to question him, and have him sent to the Tower, he thought fit to provide for his own safety by retiring privately to a friend's house in the country ; previous to which he desired Wis lady to burn many of his papers relating to publick affairs, and to carry the Great Seal to the Speaker, which she did, looked Up in a desk, and gave him the key.* Such was the conclusion of Whitelocke's political life. He * Whitelocke's jdemorials, p. 69O— 602. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 7.73 was undoubtedly a man of considerable learning, endowed with many valuable qualities, of a tolerating spirit, an enemy to cruelty and persecution, one who sincerely bewailed the national troubles, and abhorred the insolencies of the army.* But he was of too easy a nature and two yielding a disposition for the boiste- rous times in which he lived. He had not the resolution, at all times, vigorously and effectually to oppose what his own words and professions declared he did not like. At the same time, it is to be remembered that, though he swerved from his allegiance, and for many years, through the several revolutions that hap- pened, acted with the King's profest enemies, it was, as his early friend, the Earl of Clarendon, justly observed of him, with less rancour and malice than other men ; he never led but fol- lowed ; was rather carried away with the torrent than swam with the stream ; and failed through those infirmities, which less than a general defection and a prosperous rebellion could never have discovered .-f* To which favourable character it may be added, that Queen Christina told Charles II. that, in all the conferences she had with Whitelocke, she never heard him speak a dis- honourable word of his Majesty.^ But, after all, the best he could expect at the approaching restoration was to be left unmo- lested, and he showed his wisdom in retiring from the observation of the world. Soon after the Members of the Long Parliament were restored to their seats in the House, Bishop Wren was discharged from the Tower, where he had been confined eighteen years. During that time, he had employed himself chiefly in meditation and study, and composed many volumes on theological subjects. * Whitelocke's Memorials, pp. 47, 60, 226, 229, 230, 239, 284, 331, 417, 446. f Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon, 8vo. vol. i. pp. 59, 60. J Whitelocke's Memorials, p. 629. 774 THE HISTORY OF Though destitute of books, he committed to paper an infinite number of annotations on the Bible, all which he wrote himself in fair and accurate manuscripts.* But now more active duties awaiting him, he immediately, on recovering his liberty, 15 March, 1660, returned to Ely, to look after the affairs of his diocese, — not for the purpose of aggrandizing himself or his family, though they had been lamentably impoverished during the usurpation, but for that of organizing anew the appointed means of grace, recovering to the Church the rights which had been wrested from her, and investing her with that external beauty of holiness, which is necessary to command the respect of the world.^ * One great work is entitled ' Meditation® critica in S. Paginam de genuino Sensu et exacta nostra Fersione divinorum Texfuum.' Part, of which was published by the Bishop's eldest son, who was Secretary to Edward Earl of Clarendon, and afterwards to James Duke of York, in answer to Hobbes's Leviathan, under the title of ' Incre- patio Bar Jem, sive polemics adsertiones locorum aliquot Sacta- Scripture, ab Imposturk perversis in Catechesi Racoviana.' Lond. 1660, in 4to. and reprinted in the 9th volume of the Critici Sacri ; but the whole of it is preserved in MS. in the library of Bene't College, Cambridge. In the same repository are ' Epistolte varite ad Viros doctiseimos,' including his Letters to Gerard John Vossius. — In 1627, Bishop Wren published a Sermon which he had preached before the King. — In 1661, ' The Abandoning of the Scots' Covenant.' — And in the following year, ' A brief Theological Treatise touching that unlawful Scotch Covenant.' — Biographia Britannica. Art. Ween. f Besides what I have already said, the House of Commons had, as I find, seized his plate, and ordered it to be melted down for the use of the commonwealth. His goods were likewise plundered, his estate seized, and he was so miserably persecuted and oppressed, that, in the year 1660, when his son Thomas was created M.D. at Ox- ford, the Chancellor's letter for that purpose, acquaints the Convocation " that the pres- sures under which his father lay for seventeen years together, were such that he could not (his estate being taken away) allow his children bread, much less supply their expenses for living in colleges, and the taking their degrees ; only to have the benefit of the publick library," &c. However, he survived all his troubles, was restored to his bishoprick ; and, notwithstanding he was stripped so bare in the rebellion, he after- wards performed severai acts of piety. One of which was his building a magnificent and elegant chapel at Pembroke Hall, which he endowed with an annual revenue, and solemnly consecrated and dedicated it himself. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 775 The times now affording a favourable opportunity, Calamy neglected not to promote the return of the King. He and Ash, who were looked upon as two of the most able ministers in Lon- don, used their best endeavours to turn the wishes of the city towards the restoration of his Majesty. Dr. Bates, Dr. Manton, Dr. Jacomb, and some other leading divines, concurred in the scheme. And in this they received every encouragement from the Earl of Manchester, the Lord Hollis, and some of the Coun- cil of State. Calamy actually preached before the House of Commons on the day they voted that great question.* After this step was taken, he and Ash, and a few others, were sent over to Holland to compliment the King, by whom they were extremely well received.-j- And when his Majesty was restored, he retained for some time a share in his favour, was appointed one of his Chap- lains in Ordinary, and offered the Bishoprick of Litchfield and Coventry, which however he thought fit to refuse.;]: But justice was now to be done in the Universities. In order to which it was resolved by the Lords in Parliament, that the Chancellors of Oxford and Cambridge should take care that the several colleges were governed according to their respective sta- tutes, and that such persons as had been unjustly put out of their headships, fellowships, or other offices, should be restored accord- ing to the statutes of the Universities or Founders. The King likewise appointed Commissioners for the same purpose. And thus all the fellows and scholars of each House, that were living unmarried, in the profession of the Protestant religion of the Church of England,^ were restored. Mews, Buckeridge, Winnard, and Speed, were restored to their fellowships at St.. * Baxter's Narrative of the Memorable Passages of his Life, Part II. pp. 214, 217'. f Ibid. I Kennet's Complete History of England, vol. iii. p. 234, § Wood's Annals, vol. ii. p. 698,. &c. 776 THE HISTORY OP John's, Oxford, and William Quarles to his fellowship at Pem- broke Hall, Cambridge.* But so many had either died, married, or changed their religion, during the troubles, that those who were restored did not amount to the sixth part of those who had been ejected.*}-* Gayton was restored to bis place of superior Beadle of Arts and Physick in the University of Oxford, by the King's Commis- sioners.! During this season of retribution, Whitelocke was in no small danger of being excepted out of the Act of General Pardon and Oblivion, in respect of such pains, penalties, and forfeitures, not extending to life, as should be thought lit to be inflicted on him by another act intended to be afterwards passed for that pur- pose ; for, when the question was put, the Noes were 175 and the Yeas 134.§ But that question having passed in the negative, he felt emboldened to wait upon the King, and beg his pardon for the share he had had in the transactions of the usurpation. His Majesty bade him go live quietly in the country, and take care of his wife and one and thirty children. Which advice he implicitly followed, spending the remainder of his life in a peaceful retire- ment, mostly at Chilton Park in the county of Wilts.[| * Mews, who had spent several years beyond the seas, and undergone many troubles and dangers, returned with the tide. His first preferment, which took place in July, was the Arch- deaconry of Huntingdon,^ which must have been the gift of Dr. * Wood's Annals, pp. 559, 608, &c. f Ibid. p. 701. J Wood's Athenae, vol. ii. col. S88. § See Journals of the House of Commons, p. 63. j| Life of Bulstrode Whitelocke, Esq. p.362. He had two wives. The first was Fiances daughter of William Lord Willoughby of Parham, by his Lady Frances daughter of John Earl of Rutland. She died May 16, 1649. His second wife was Rebecca daughter of Thomas Bennett, Alderman of London. ^ " In the place of Dr. Rich. Holclsworth some years before that time dead." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1178, 1179. merchant-Taylors' school. 777 Sanderson. And, in the course of the year, he was made Doctor of Laws, King's Chaplain, and Vicar of St. Mary's at Reading. Heyrick, who had shown some zeal for his Majesty's restoration, returned to his wardenship at Manchester.* Robert Dave- nant-j- was collated to a Prebend in the Church of Salisbury, and William Walwyn to one at St. Paul's, London. And Wil- liam Bell became Chaplain to Sir John Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower of London.^; William Siierbourn, Prebendary of Hereford and Rector Of Pembridge in Herefordshire, who had suffered much for the King's cause, and lost all his spiritualities, was restored to them again. He had, at the persuasion of his old friend the Earl of Essex, taken the covenant. But he always looked back on that act of his life with regret.§ ^Layfield, Archdeacon of Essex, having/' borne his misfortunes with great courage and resolution, though * Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 399, and Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy Part II" p. 88. f " His mother was a very beautiful woman, of a good wit and conversation. The father, who was a very grave and discreet citizen of Oxford, (yet an admirer and lover of plays and play-makers, especially Shakes pear, who frequented his house in his joumies between Warwickshire and London,) was of a melancholic disposition, and was seldom or never seen to laugh, in which he was imitated by none of his chil- dren but by Robert his eldest son, afterwards Fellow of St. John's College and a vene- rable Doctor of Divinity."— Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 411. This Dr. Robert Davenant was elder brother to the celebrated Poet Laureat Sir William Davenant.— See Kennet's Register, p. 219. % « William Bell was born in the parish of St. Dunstan in the West in London, on the 4th of Feb. 1625, educated in Merch.-Taylors' School, elected scholar of St. John's Coll. in 1643, afterwards Fellow, admitted B.A. 13th July, 1647; but, .n 1648, ejected thence by the Visitors appointed by Parliament, he being then Bach, of Arts, and well skill'd in the practical part of music. Afterwards he lived in several places, as opportunity served, was in France an. 1649, and about 1655 he had a small bene- fice in Norfolk conferr'd upon him, but could r,ot pass the Triers. '-Woods Athena, vol. ii. col. 735, and Fasti, col. 59. § Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part II. p. 3.5. 5 G 778 THE HISTORY OP reduced to a mean and low condition during the usurpation, was restored to his preferments, and made Residentiary of St. Paul's.* Crowther, Prebendary of that Church, who, to avoid persecu- tion, had fled into France, returning with the King, was re- instated in his preferments, and made Precentor of St. Paul's and Chaplain to the Duke of York; in which latter character he shortly after married his Royal Highness to Ann Hyde, daughter of the Lord Chancellor.-}- Juxon, who had spent several years in a retired and devout manner at his estate at Little Comptpn in Gloucestershire,!; whi- ther he had retired after the late King's murder, was deservedly set at the head of the Church of England, being translated to the Archbishoprick of Canterbury, in full accordance with the general voice and opinion of the nation, who thought no one so fit to fill that high post, as the man, whose conduct in prosperity had been uniformly admitted to be irreproachable, who had been content, for conscience sake, to suffer in the rebellion the loss not only of his ecclesiastical revenues but of much of his temporal estate, who had assisted their martyred Sovereign in his last hours, and who had successfully baffled the craft and tyranny *of those regi- cides, who had caused him to be taken into custody to make him reveal what his Majesty had secretly entrusted to him. On the 3d of September, the congjt d'ttke was granted, on the 13th Juxon, * Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part II. p. 49. f Ibid. p. 50, and Kenuet's Register, p. 246. % It seems that, during his retirement at this place, he was used now and then for health sake,, and to divert his sorrows, to hunt with some of the neighbouring and loyal gentry. Whitelocke tells us that Juxon " was much delighted with hunting, and kept a pack of good hounds, and had them so well ordered and- hunted, and chiefly by his own skill and direction, that they exceeded all other hounds in England, for the pleasure and orderly hunting of them. He was a person of great parts and temper, and had as much command of himself as of his hounds." — Memorials, p. 24. WIIXIAM (H JTUX©^ i.j f << preached on a solemn fast, Decern. 22, 1641. Printed at London, in4to. The design of which sermon is to show that national repentance will divert, and national sins draw down national judgments. The second was entitled ' God's free Mercy to Eng- land,' on Ezek. xxxvi. 32, at a solemn fast, Feb. 23, 1641. Printed at London, 1642> 4to. The intent of which is to represent England's mercies, as a motive and means of England's humiliation and reformation. His third was entitled ' England's Antidote against the Plague of Civil War,' on Acts, xvii. 30, preached October 22, 1644, and printed at London, 1645, in 4to. — 3. Two Sermons before the House of Lords. The first entitled < The Nobleman's Pattern of true and real Thankfulness,' preached at a solemn thanksgiving, June 15, 1643, on Joshua, xxi v. 15, and printed the same year at London, in 4to. The second entitled ' An Indictment against England, because of her self-murdering divisions.,' preaohed before the House of Lords, at their fast, Dec. 25, 1644, on Matth. xii. 25, printed at London, in 1645, in 4to.^4. ' The great Danger, of Covenant refusing and Covenant breaking,' &c. preached before the Lord-Mayor, Sheriffs, Aldermen, Ministers, &c. of London, on2Tim.iii. 3, printed MERCHANT-TAYIORS* SCHOOL. t<)$ On tbe 12th of December, died Gayton, the poet, at his lodg- ings at Oxford, having had verses of his composition published but seven days before. Besides his ' Pleasant Notes upon Don Quixot/ already mentioned, which is looked upon as his master- piece, he was the author of several things deserving a better fate than the oblivion to which they have been consigned. Had he cultivated his natural genius, he might have been one of the most eminent poets of the age.* at London, 1646, in 4to. — 5. Another preached before the Lord-Mayor, entitled « The Monster of Self-seeking anatomized.'— 6. Sermon at St. Giles's Morning Exer- cises, on Acts, xxvi. 8. Funeral sermons upon Dr. Samuel Bolton, Robert Earl of Warwick in 1658, and Mr. Simeon Ashe in 1662.— 7- A sermon to the native Citizens of London, entitled ' The City Remembrancer.'— 8. A Farewell Sermon, on 2 Sam. xxiv. 14, to his parish of St. Mary Aldermanbury, Aug. 1?, 1662.— And, 9. Five sermons, entitled ' The godly Man's Ark, or a City of Refuge in the Day of his Dis- tress, the 8th edition of which was printed at London, 1683, in 12mo. He had a hand in drawing up the ' Vindication of the Presbyterian Government and Ministry,' printed at London, 1650; and the ' Jus divinum Ministerii Evangelici Anglicani,' printed in 1654. Since his death, there was a Treatise of Meditation printed in a clandestine way, not by his son, nor from his manuscript, but from some imperfect notes taken by an auditor. — He was twice married. By his first wife he had a son and daughter,' and by his second seven children. — Biographia Britannica, Art. Calamy, (Edmund}. * Besides the work above mentioned, he wrote, — " 1. Epula Oxoniemes : or a Jocular Relation of a Banquet presented to the best of Kings by the best of Prelates,! in the year 1636, in the Mathematic Library at St. Jo. Bapt. Coll; This is a Song, and musical notes are set to it, in two parts, with this beginning, ' It was (my staff upon 't) in thirty-six, &c.' — 2. Charta Scripts: or a New Game at Cards, called, Play by the Book. Printed 1645, qu. Written, if I am not mistaken, in verse. — 3. Hymna de Febribus, Lond. about 1655, qu. in Lat. verse. — 4. Will. Bagnafs Ghost: or the Merry Devil of Gadmunton, in his Perambulation of the Prisons of London: Lond. 1655, qu. Written mostly in verse, the latter end in prose. The title is in imitation of Shakespeare's comedy, called, The Merry Devil of Edmonton, which last word was changed into Gadmunton, because it came near the name of Edmund Gayton. — 5. The Art of Longevity, or a Diaetical Institution, Lond. 1659,< qu. Written in verse. There were commendatory verses before it written- by Sir Tho-. Allen, Sir Robert Stapylton, Henry Johnson, LL.D. Joh. Heath, (Jam. Heath) Cap- 5 12 Jpfc THE HISTORY OF On the 17th of April, 1667, Edw^ rd Bernard, Fellow of St. John's, was chosen Junior Proctor of the University of Oxford, and as he afterwards proved the most learned astronomer, linguist, and critick of the 17th century, it cannot be improper to insert here the few particulars which have come down to us respecting his early life. He was the son of Joseph Bernard, Rector of Perry St. Paul, commonly called Pauler's Perry, near Towcester in Northamptonshire, where he was born on the 2d of May, 1638. Before he was six years of age his father died. Upon this, his mother* sent him to London to his uncle, who, undertaking the tain Franc. Aston of St. John's Coll. &c. — 6. Walk, Knaves, Walk; a discourse in r tended to have been spoken at Court, and now published for the satisfaction of all those that have participated of public employments. By Hodge Turbervil, Chaplain to the late Lord Hewson. Lond. printed in the year 1659. But the true author was Mr. Gayton. — 7. Wit Revived : or, a New Excellent Way of Divertisement, digested into most ingenious Questions and Answers. Lond. 1660, in tw. Published under the name of Asdryasdust Tossoffacan. — 8. Poem upon Mr. Jacob Bobard's Yowmen of the Guards to the Physic-Garden, to the tune of the Counter Scuffle. Oxon. 1662, on one side of a sh. of paper. He was also (if I mistake not) author of — 9. A Bal- lad on the Gyants in the Physic Garden in Oxon, who have been breeding Feet as long as Gargantua was Teeth. Ox. 1662, on one side of a large sh. of paper. — 10. Diegerticon ad Britanniam. Ox. 1662. on one side of half a sh. of paper. — 11. Poem written from Oxon to Mr. Rob. Whitehall at the Wells at Astrop. Oxon, 1666, on half a sh. of paper on both sides. To which Robin made an answer, but 'twas not printed. — The said Edm. Gayton did also collect and publish Harry Marten's fami- liar Letters to his Lady of Delight, &c. with other things of that author, not without some enlargement of his own, which hath made many to suppose that they were not written by Marten, but devised by Gayton, who also wrote a buffooning answer to a letter called ' A Copy of Henry Marten's Letter in Vindication of the Murther of King Charles :' which Answer is printed with the Letters before-mentioned. At length our author dying on the 12th of Dec. 1666, was buried in St. Mary's Church, Oxford, near to the tomb of Edm. Croston." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 388, 389. * She was the daughter of John Lenche, or Linche, of Wiche in Worcestershire. Forthis and other particulars theReader may consult 'VitaclarissimietdoctissimiEiyw aedi Bernardino. ScriptoreTho. Smitho, S.T.P.' at the end of Bishop Huntington's Epis- tles, Lond. 1704. 8vo. and Wood's Athense, vol. ii. col. 1084. Dr. Smith says, he merchant-Taylors' school. 797 care of his education, placed him, in 1648, a^Merchant-Taylors' 1 under the tuition of_Dugard. Here he continued seven years, during which time he acquired an uncommon fund of learning, so that when he first went to college, he was master of the idioms and beauties of the Greek and Latin tongues, very conver- sant in the classicks, and not unacquainted with Hebrew. He had also, by frequent use, gained a tolerably good Latin style for his age, and could make verses well.* But, when he came to be settled in the University, he slighted this, which he looked upon as comparatively trifling, and applied himself with the utmost attention and diligence, under the direction of his tutor the learned Thomas Wyat, to the more useful studies of history, philology, and philosophy ; particularly to philology, which he had a very great inclination to, and of which he was infinitely fond. He first carefully read over and attentively perused the Greek and Latin authors, with the commentaries and emendations of the most celebrated criticks, both ancient and modern. Then, not satisfied with the knowledge of the languages of Greece and Rome, he resolved to gain an acquaintance with Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, and Coptic; and that, not in a superficial manner, but so as thoroughly to understand them. Next he turned his thoughts to the mathematicks, of which he learned the elements under the famous Dr. J. Wallis ; and by his indefatigable application, he soon made himself master of every branch of that science. thinks Dr. Been ahd's father was Rector of that parish — ' in is to Vicuh, ut puto, sacrum parochi munut obibat,' — but Wood stiles him gentleman. The matter is however cleared up by the entry in Dugard's Register already mentioned, which runs thus : — " Edoardus Bernard filius unicus Josephi Bernard Cler. natus inParacia de Paulers- Perry in Agro North-Hamptoniensi Maii \mo. 1638. Annum agens IQmum admissus est Junii 17mo. 1647. solvitque pro Ingressu Is." * Dr. Smith tells us, that this poetical faculty remained with him as long as he lived; so that even to his dying day, he used some times to divert himself in making epigrams, which were smart and witty. — Vita, &c. p. 4. 798 THE HISTORY OF He was much esteemed and beloved on account not only of his great parts and learning, but also of his remarkable sweetness of temper.* On the 24th of April, the learned and venerable Bishop Wren, who had passed through a life of trouble with so much patience and magnanimity, that his sufferings had failed to hasten his end, paid his last debt to nature, at Ely House in Holborn, at the ad-? vanced age of eighty-one years and upwards. Though he took much delight in his family, he had not been solicitous about making a large provision for it. He had uniformly studied the well ordering of it in peace, and violated no man's property to enrich it. He had even forborne to take all that was his own, and closed a life exemplary for benefactions, by designedly leav- ing not a gleaning, but an ample harvest to his successor in the See of Ely. His body was conveyed by the Heralds with all de- cent pomp and ceremony to Cambridge, where he had resided much, and deposited in a stone coffin, in a vault under his own chapel. The Vice-chancellor, Heads of Colleges, and the whole University attended the solemnity of his obsequies. And the very eminent and learned Dr. John Pearson, who was then Master of Trinity College, and afterwards Bishop of Chester, pronounced his funeral oration in Latin.-f- On the 5th of August, Archdeacon Mews was elected Pre*- sident of St. John's College, Oxford, in the place of Dr. Richard Baylie deceased, and had the golden Prebend of St. David's bestowed on him. £ * Vita clarissimi et doctissimi Edwaedi Bernardi, &c. pp. 7, 8. f Bishop Kennet remarks, that from the Register of Bishop When of Ely, for the first three years following the Restoration, we know several matters of fact relating to patrons, -clerks, and benefices, of singular use and application in the knowledge of things and times. And we are also informed that he made a new body of statutes for the Cathedral of Ely, which he procured to be confirmed under the great seal in V666. — Rennet's Register, p. 885, and Parentalia, p. 52. % Wood's Athenae, voL ii. col. 1 1.79. merchant-Taylors' school. 799 On the next day died Hey rick,* Warden of Manchester, at the age of sixty-seven, and was baried near the altar, in the Col- legiate Church in that town, where there was soon after a monu- ment erected to his. memory,-^ at the charge of his relict Anna Maria, with a long inscription :£ thereon, composed by Thomas Case, a London clergyman, who had been his intimate friend at the University. About this time Markland's muse produced a poem on the late great pestilence and fire of London. By the former of those calamities, it is said, that, in less than a year, above a hundred thousand persons were swept away. And though the latter was very favourable to the lives of the citizens, it was merciless to their possessions and estates. | But scarcely had the inhabitants of the metropolis recovered from the panick into which they had been thrown by such terrible * " He hath extant, (1) Three sermons peached in the Collegiat Chureh of Man- chester, the first on Psal. cxxii. 6, the second % Thess. ii. 15, and the third on Gen. xlix. 5, 6, 7. Lond. 1641, in oct. — ($) Qu. Esther's Resolve, or a Christian Pattern for Heaven-born resolution ; Fast Sermon before the House of Com. on Esther, iv. 16. Lond. 1646. qu. Besides others which I have not yet seen, among which is ' A Ser- mon on 2 Kings, xi. ver. 12. Lond. 1661, qu w — Wood's Athena,, vol. ii. col. 399. f " An inscription in brass, framed in wood, is placed to his memory, against the wall of the north aisle leading to the choir."— See ' The Manchester Guide,' p. 70. J Part of it runs thus: " Siste Viator, Mora pretium est; sub eodem cippo cum tene- rabili Huntingdono primo hujus Collegii Custode, jacet decimus quartus ab eo Successor Ricardos Heykick, Gulielmi Heyrick equitis Jurati filius, Colkgii Om. Animarum apud Qxpnienses Sarins olim studiosissimm, ecclesia de North-Reps in Agro Norfolciemi deinde pastor fidissimus, hujusce denique Collegii per triginta: duos annos (multa, alia ultra sibi oblata Beneficia aversatus, hoc sola dignitate contentus) Custos sive Guardianus vigi* tantissimus. Qui judicium solidum cum Ingenio acutissimo, singularem zelum cum pru- dentia eximia, gravitatem summam cum egregia morum suavitate, generis nobilitatem, nominis celebritatem, et quacunque minores animas infiare solent, cum humilitate unicd felicissime temperavit. Jnfelices sui seculi errores non effugit modo, sed et strenul fugavit, #c.»_ Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 399- The inscription is copied at full length by Nichols in his History of Leicestershire, vol. iii. p. 160. § Rapin's History of England, vol. ii, pp. 641 and 643. 800 THE HISTORY OF misfortunes, before the political world was agitated to its centre by the disgrace of the Earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor and Prime Minister of England. It is foreign to the purposes of this history to enter into the causes or consequences of his fall, or to detail the articles which, on the 6th of November, were exhibited against him. It may suffice to mention in these pages, that, among other things, he was charged with unduly causing his Ma- jesty's letters patent under the Great Seal to Crowther to be altered, and the emolument of them to be erased. But neither this, nor any other article of his accusation, was proved. Crowther himself, the party injured, does not appear to have come forward against him. An-d it is now generally allowed, that he was sacri- ficed to the malice of the Presbyterians, the Papists, and the ladies of the court.* On the 9th of June, 1668, Bernard, the late Proctor of Ox- ford, took his degree of Bachelor of Divinity, in compliance with the statutes of his College,-}- and about December went toLeyden in order to consult several oriental manuscripts, left to that Uni- versity by Joseph Scaliger and Levin Warner : and particularly to examine the fifth, sixth, and seventh books of Apollonius Per- greus's Conic Sections, of which the Greek text is lost, but which are preserved in the Arabic version of that author. This version the learned James Golius had brought from the East, and it being now in the possession of his executors, they, finding that Ber- nard's chief design in coming to Holland was to consult that ma- nuscript, allowed him the free use of it. Upon this he transcribed the three books above-mentioned, and the Diagrams, intending to publish them at Oxford, with a Latin version and proper notes, with a view to supply the defect of the Greek, and correct the errors of the Arabic translation,^, but he was hindered from put- * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 646 — 650. t Vita, &c. p. 9. .J Ibid. p. 1.1. merchant-Taylors' school. 801 ing his design in execution.* During his stay in Holland he con- tracted a friendship with the professors, and other eminent and learned men, at Leyden. At his return to Oxford, he applied himself with fresh vigour to his studies, and collated or examined over again the most valuable manuscripts in the Bodleian library, which he had already collated, as well for his own use, as that of his friends ; and so obliging was he in this respect, that he spared neither time nor pains to serve the learned. This obliging temper, joined to his exact judgment and approved fidelity, induced all such as published any ancient authors to desire his observations or emendations from the manuscripts at Oxford ; which he very readily imparted to them, and indeed oftener than some did acknowledge. By this means he came to be engaged in a very extensive correspondence with the learned men of most cOun- tries -t fa About this time, Edwards, after being admitted to the degree /> of Bachelor in Divinity, was unanimously chosen Lecturer at St^ EdmcjidVBury, with a salary of a hundred pounds per annum. He discharged this office with great reputation and acceptance. But his heart still beat towards Cambridge, and therefore, after a * " Abraham Echellensis had published a Latin translation of these books in 1661, and Christianus Ravius gave another in 1669 ; but Dr. Smith remarks that these two authors, though well skilled in the Arabie language, were entirely ignorant of the ma- thematics, which made it regretted that Golius died while he was preparing that work for the press; and that Bernard, who understood both the language and the subject, and was furnished with all the proper helps for such a design, was abandoned by his friends, though they had before urged him to undertake it."— Biographical Dictionary, Edit. 1798, 8vo. vol. ii. p. 313. Art. Bernard. This book was. at length published by the learned Dr. Edmund Halley, (at Oxford, 1710, fol.) who has given a Latin translation of the three last books out of Arabic, and supplied by his own ingenuity and industry the eighth book, which was entirely lost.— Biographia Britannica, Art. Bernard. Note B. f Vita, &c. pp. 13, 14. 5 K 802 THE HISTORY OF period of twelve months, he resigned his lectureship, and returned to his college .*>^^7/^W« -^/^ About the beginning of the year 1669, Christopher Wren, Savi- lian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford, being appointed Surveyor- General of his Majesty's works, and like to be much detained in London, obtained leave from the Vice-chancellor to nominate a deputy, and pitched uporfBERNARD, 'which engaged the latter to a more intense application to the study of astronomy .f On Friday, the 9th of July,, being the day before Act Saturday, a Convocation was solemnized at Oxford, to take possession of the theatre founded by Archbishop Sheldon. The philological exer- cises began at one o'clock in the afternoon, before a numerous assemblage of members of the University and visitors.. Jere- miah Wells and Edward Waple^. Bachelors of Arts of St. John's College, were among the persons appointed to speak on this gratifying occasion. And they performed the parts assigned them with great applause.^: a//7$, //4Q Animated by their example, Ambrose Bonwicke,^w1io had been recently elected from Merchant-Taylors, formed the resolu- tion of exercising his poetical talent on the incidents of the day.| The first publick event that presented itself was the death of the King's mother, on the 10th of August. The next was the ad- vancement of Mews, President of St. John's, who, on the 23d of September, was nominated by the Duke of Ormond, Vice-chan- * Biographia Britannica, Art. Edwards, John, t Vita, &c. p. 14. % " Jeremias Wells in Art. Bacc. e Coll. D. Johannis Bapt. SatyrH in Literarum Osores H< Wl "* artAW ' «^{^^./fe7^ - TrwtLidb*- &Mru.'2-<-iA//g% , Q , " Edoardus Waple in Art. Bacc, e Coll., D tf Johannis Bapt. Dissertatione Phi- § His verses on the death of the King's mother, who died in France, in the sixtieth year of her age, and on the promotion of Dr. Mews, are preserved among Bowyers Miscellaneous Tracts, pp. 612, 618. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 803 cellorof the University of Oxford, in which office he continued- for four successive years.* Ezektel Hopkins, who had been educated under J)ugaf-d,-f\ and transplanted to Magdalen College, Oxford, during the reign of Presbyterian and Independent discipline, having, since the Restoration, come over to the establishment, was now a popular preacher at St. Mary's, Exeter, where he was much countenanced by Bishop Ward, and admired for the comeliness of his person and the elegance of his preaching.^. Lord Roberts in particular, * Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 146. f " Ezekiel Hopkins, filius 2 dus Joannis Hoplcins, Cler. et paracia de Pinne in Ggro Devoniemi Rectoris, natus in diet, partecia de Pinne, Decembris 3, 1634, an. agens lQ, mam .admissus est Martii 18, 1645, sokitque pro Ingressu I s ." Dugard's Register, P- 93. J " Ezekiel Hopkins, son of the Curate of Sandford, a chappel of ease to Cre- diton in Devonshire, was born there, became a Chorister of Magd. Coll. 1649, aged 16 years, or thereabouts, Usher of the school adjoyning when Bach, of Arts, Chap- lain of the said Coll. when Master, and would have been elected Fellow, had his county been eligible, in all which time he lived, and was educated under Presbyterian and Independent discipline. About the time of his Majesty's Restoration he became assistant to Dr. Wm. Spurstow, Minister of Hackney, near London, with .'whom he continued till the Act of .Conformity was published; at which time, being noted for his fluent and ready preaching, some of the parishioners of St. Matthew, Friday- Street, in London, would have chosen him to be their Rector ; but Mr. Henry Hurst, another candidate, carried that place away from him by a majority. Afterwards, the parishioners of Allhallows, or else of St. Edmund in Lombard^Street, did elect him to be their preacher, but the Bishop of London would not admit him, because he wa* a popular preacher among the Fanatics. Afterwards he went tp the city of Exeter, where he became Minister of St. Mary's Church there, and much approved and ap- plauded for his elegant and dexterous preaching by Seth, Bishop of that city. At length, John Lord Roberts, hearing him accidentally preach to his very great delight, he did afterwards freely offer to him the place of Chaplain when; he went in the qua- lity of Lord-Lieutenant of Jreland, an. 1669. Which office he very freely accepting, went accordingly with him ; and in the latter end of that yeaiv or in the beginning of the next, .he was by that Lord made Dean of Rtph.oe.'.'-rrWood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 85L q !' m ^ < of St. Paul, Aug. 27, 1660, lived some time as Chaplain with the loyal Sir John Stawel, and was by some of that family presented to the Church of Rampishara in Dorsetshire, where he died some time before Jan. l67l.^-Newcourt's Repertorium^ vol. i. p. 150> and Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy,, Part II. p. 118. 806 THE HISTORY OF rian's salary, and twenty pounds to buy a book yearly for the library, to which he likewise gave his own collection.* Nor must the death of Ann Hyde, Duchess of York, be passed over in silence. She died on the 31st of March, after a long in- disposition. By her marriage with the Duke she was the mother of Mary and Ann, successively Queens of England.-f- As Crow- ther solemnized her wedding,;]; so Boktwicke wrote her elegy.§ On the 28th of April, Bell, A Frebendary of St. Paul's was pre- ferred to the Archdeaconry of St. Alban's by his old patron Bishop * " Wu. Quakles, son of Quarles, Mercrft of London, adnfd 30 Jan. 1631, aged 1 6, died aged 57. — M.A. ejected 1644, restored 1660, Junior Proctor 1663, pre- sented to Rawreth 1670, which he declined in July following." — From the Register of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge. f Rapin's History of England, Vol. ii. p. 660. $ See page 778. § •" In Obitum Ducissse Eboracensis. Viderat acgrotum, ac ideo roag'is ajgra, maritum ; Et Parcam alterutri constituisse necem. Pit pia rixa, mori pro Conjuge certat uterque : Ilia suo morbo nititur, ilk suo. Ilia, nova Alceste, sirbito se devovet umbris ; Et redimit magnum, magna Ducissa, Ducem. Vidimus infestam crebro ti-bi vulnere mortem, Dum petiit matrem per puerile latus. Tu tamen ignavse ridens ludibria Parcae, Suppeditas natos, pignora chara, novos. Invida Mors, limis qua? jecit tela, fuisse -Irrita succensens, callidiora jacit. In tua corda viro latitantia dirigit ictus : Faeminaque aegroto conjuge ca:sa perit. •I pia ad Elysios, umbrisque fruare tenellis Natorum, his campi vix sine matre placent. At pater hlc maneas, sobolem fbveasque relictam : Quae nisi tu vivas, jam moritura jacet. Vive, Jacobe, diu, lytro tua vita redempta est : Conjugis ut vivas tempore, vive tuo. Bonwicke." MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 807 Henchman,* and about the same time, if not earlier, sworn Chap- lain in Ordinary to his Majesty, and for his eminence in preaching made one of the Lecturers at the Temple Church.f Lord Roberts being recalled from the government of Ireland, so effectually recommended his chaplain and son-in-law, Hop- kins, Dean of Raphoe, to his successor Lord Berkeley, that that Nobleman also taking special notice of him, promoted him to the Bishoprick of that diocess by letters patent, dated the 27th of October.^ In May, 1672, died WASHBOURNE,\Prebendary of Chichester,, at the age of seventy-five. He was buried under the north wall of the north aile or Transept of Christ Church, Oxford.^ And, on the 24th of Oetober, vvebb, author of several ingenious pieces already mentioned, and no mean proficient in the Italian lan- guage, died at his seat at Butleigh in Somersetshire, and was buried in the Church there.|| There is, however, more occasion to weep for the living than for the dead. The latter, after bufFetting awhile with the waves of a troublesome World, have reached a haven of rest. But the former, just launched into the sea of life, are still exposed to the * Wood (Alhenae, vol. ii; col. 736) says, he had this Archdeaconry conferred upon him in 1667, but I" have preferred the authority of , Newcourt in his Repertorium, vol. i. p. QQj^^'MM'lrffk -CWMpwf+V' 2*JiZ f He proceeded Doctor in Divinity, 23d June, 1668. — Wood's Athena, voLii. col. 736, and Fasti, 172. % Nichols's Select Collection of Poems, vol. ii. p. 183. Hopkins was. consecrated on the 29th of Oct. — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 851. | " He was born in Surrey, of a genteel family, but a thisfirst coming to the Uni- versity was entered a poor scholar of Exeter College."— Wood's Bistort/ of Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p. 512. || Besides the works already mentioned, " the said Mr. Webb translated from Ital. into Engl, two vol. of the ' History of the World/ written by Gio Tarcagnota, which are now in the hands- of hh son, James Webb, Gent."— Wood's Athena, vol, ii.. , co i.nis. r ^*^*<**^^T^ 7 7^ *4 808 THE HISTORY OP miseries incidental to the children of genius, and have still to encounter the painful trials inseparable from the lot of those, whose fortunes are humbler than their abilities. Respected and admired, but penniless and threadbare, Bonwicke pursued his studies, dejected but not disconsolate, knowing that poverty, unoccasioned by extravagance, was no disgrace, and that his father was struggling hard to maintain a numerous family on the profits of a small living. The remittances which he received from home were small and irregular. Often did he sit in his room wait- ing, with trembling anxiety, for the arrival of a letter from home to enable him to discharge his batels, and defray his expenses in the publick schools. But none of these mortifying circumstances, or the pecuniary obligations he was under to his wealthier fellow- collegians made him repine at his lot, or withdraw bis affection from the domestick circle at his father's parsonage.* * " A. B. Patri suo S. D. Michaelham. "• Oxpp. ipsis cal. Febr. 1671-2. " Nondum vel per Transen.nam aspexi numuips, quos in, noyissjmis illis te missurum pollicitus es ; quamvis summam adhibuerim diligentiam in tabellionjbus utrisque per- quirendis. Dies complusculos etiam de industria expectavi ; et nihil omniuo, ne line- olam quidem accepi. Mittas (obsecro) quam citissime aliquid saltern vel argenteum vel papyraceum, etsi prius malim ; tibique tuum Ambkositjm longe omnium devinctis- simum devincire pergas. Litqras (credo) meas de causa, Gpesto nostro ac tup accepisti. Algentes digiti plura nolunt. Vale." " Amb. Bon vie us Patri suo, S. D. " Oxon. 4 eal. Mates*. 107$. " Misi ad te literas circa quartum idu's Aprilis, quibus Pecuniam aliquam pro exer- citiis prsestandis maximopere petii; a te vero ne literulam accepi. Rogavi ej,iam fratrem Johannem, ut mihi altering vice epistola? foret, nee illud impetravj. Examen magistrorum jam subii, pecunia mutuo accepia. Aliud e«ercitiun) die crastin.o praesta- turus sum, responsurus scil. pro forma in Parviso (ut loquuntur) : adhuc nescjo quid faciam. Spero tamen, ut aliquis ex amicis pecuniam actQmmodavit» quod certe non alio pacto faciat, nisi ut quam citissim£ solvam. Postremis etiam Tutoris M;inerval cum anicularum stipendiis petii, et nummos pro batcllis solvendis, pro exercitijs prae- stitis et prsestandis, et nomine ubique liberando, tribus ad minimum minis mihi usus est. Vale." Bowyer's Miscellaneous Tracts, pp. 602 and 604, where the reader may see several other letters written in the same strain about that time. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL, 809 The new year opened with promotions and preferments for Johnians of almost every standing, Bonwicke excepted. He was now in the near prospect of his first degree* but he shrunk from incurring the expense of it. What was a source of pleasure to other young men was to him a subject of painful contemplation. With sorrow he heard that ten pounds would scarcely suffice on the occasion. And his feeling heart sunk within him at the incon- venience even that sum would cost his parents.* ^Bernard had just been presented by the College to the Rec-^ * " Ambrosius Bonvicus Patri suo, S.P.D. Michelhamium. " Ex iEdibus Johannis, nonis Jannarii, 1672-3. Piacjilunj esset, si annum hunc juvenem adolescere paterer te insalutato : a cujus salute, matris charissimae, fratrijm ac sororum, mei denique ipsius salus pendeat. Cum igitur a festo infantuli Jesu inpipiat, faxit Deus ut ejus suavitatis et serenitatis quodammodo totus participet, sit pacificus, innocens, et subridens ; pueri adinstar, pireri Jesu. Faxit etiam ut quo propiores sepulchro, eo coelo propiores accedamus. Audivisti (apinor) jampridem Praisidentem nostrum dignissimum ad Episcopatum Bathoniensem Welleijsemque electum esse : proximo mense Lambethae eonsecrabitur ; ubi (si placuerit) eum visas, et Dominum Bernardum nostrum concionantem audias, qui (ut fertur) beneficio donatus est in agro vestro Suthriensi, baud ita procul a Croy- den. D~s Dr. Levinz, omnium pen& nostrum suffragiis, Praesidenti substituetur : quapropter si fert occasio, eum tibi mihique modo aliquo devincias: etsi nullus dubito, quin et tibi et mihi jamdudum sit devinctissimus. Tempus imminet, quo Baccalaure- atus Artiuw mihi su&cipiendus est, qui tanjis impensis (ut ita dicam) emendus est, ut nescio an plus gaudii an doloris et taedii secum attulerit. Quis nempe gradum istum laete ascenderet, cui via munienda est parentum quadam depressione ? Quisquis autezn pauperes facit, deprimjt; iUud verd necesse est faciam, c&m e pumulo admo- dnm modico decern libras (quifous opus fuerjt) detraJiam. Tpgse autem et pileo emen- dis, aliqueisque sumptibus majoribus, decern librgp (quod Dorainus Gibbon.ius noster experfeus affirms*) vix ac ae vix qujdem sufficient. Ad Quadragesimam i.nsfantem, autcitius si fieri potuer^t, nunjmos parajtos esse veljem, jnodQ nemini vestratum (quod vix sperare possim) laufa sumifta iayisaforet: rnaljem e^nvhumj semper jacere, quam ^ssurgere ut melius livpre petar. Cures (obseero) ut bsec suroma sit ultima k vobis petenda, quod facies, si loei?m aliquem inyes.tijg.as, ubi peregriner, donee £d Magis- tratum Artium, ac idep ad.st.atwn meliorem in Coljegio reyer^ar. JX, Pickensonus salutem tibi precatur. Vale." — Bowser's Miscellaneous Tracts, pp. 606, 607. 5 L 810 THE HISTORY 01' tory of Cheam in Surrey,* when Mews, President of St. John's, now advanced to the Bishoprick of Bath and Wells, upon the death of Robert Creighton,-j* appointed him one of his chaplains. By this he was put into the direct road to good preferment, but he soon abandoned it by accepting of the place of Savilian Pro- fessor of Astronomy, vacant by the resignation of Sir Christopher Wren, into which he was admitted April 9, 1673. He likewise resigned his living of Cheam, in compliance with the statutes of Sir Henry Saville, which do not allow the professors to hold any other office, either ecclesiastical or civiL that their attention may not be diverted from the science tney / profess.;J: / < 6>-'i>% About this time there was a noble design formed in the Univer- sity of Oxford, of collecting together and publishing all the ancient mathematicians. It was chiefly promoted and encou- raged by the worthy Dr. John Fell, Dean of Christ Church and Bishop of Oxford, who endeavoured to obtain a subscription for the support of so extensive a work. Professor Bernard, who. had it very much at heart, and first formed the project of it, col- lected together all the old books upon the subject, published since the invention of printing, and all the manuscripts he cauld discover in the Bodleian, and Savilian libraries, and disposed them in the order of time, and according to the matter they contained. Of this he drew a synopsis, or scheme, wherein the whole was * This was the first presentation by St. John's after that college became possessed of the patronage, which till then had been annexed to the manor of East Cheam. — Lysom's Environs of London, vol. i. pp. 145, 149. f " Peter Mew, LLD. was elected Dec. 19, 1672, confirmed Feb. 7, and con- secrated the 9th of the same month; and Nov. 22, 1684, he was translated to Win- chester." — Le Neve's Fasti, p. 34. Wood informs us that he was consecrated at Lam- beth on Shrove Sunday, February 9, 1672, being the day on which Dr. Pearson was ; consecrated to the See of Chester. — Athena, vol. ii. col. 1179- % Vita, &c. pp. 15, 16, 22, and Lysons'* Environs, vol. i. p. 149. MERCHANT-TAYLORs' SCHOOL, 811 divided into fourteen volumes, and presented it to Bishop Fell.* For a specimen of the undertaking, he published a few sheets of Euclid in folio, containing the Greek text and a Latin version, with Proclus's commentary in Greek and Latin, and learned scholiums and corollaries, and the figures neatly and accurately engraven on copper at his own expense. And, in order to promote the study of astronomy, which he looked upon as his proper profession, he undertook an edition of the * Parva Syntaxis Aleocandrina ;'-f~ in which, besides Euclid, are contained the small treatises of The- odosius, Autolycus, Menelaus, Aristarchus, and Hipsicles. But this was never published.:]; On the 10th of October, William Levin&, Doctor of Phy- / sick, was elected President of St. John's in the room of Mews,§ * It was published by Dr. Thomas Smith at the end of his Life of Bernard, under the title of ' Veterum Mathematicorum Grmcorum, Latinorum, et Arabum, Sy- nopsis. Collectore Viro claristimo et doctissimo D. Edwardo Bernardo/ And at the end of it there is a catalogue of some Greek writers, who are supposed to be lost in their own language, but are preserved in the Syriac or Arabic trapslations of them. — Biograpkia Britannica. Art. Bernard, [Edward]. Note D. t Or M«*goj A$-fow/Ao?, of the contents of which there is an account in the ' Veterum Mathematicorum Synopsis,' mentioned in the last note.— Ibid. % Vita, &c. p. 23—25. § On being chosen President, he received the following complimentary eclogue from Ambrose Bonwicke, then a Bachelor, Fellow of the College. " Ecloga congratulans D.D. Levinz, Prassidenti nuper electo.- Tityre, quid tristis recubas sub tegroine taxi ; Nee ludos nostros, neque dulcia carmina curas ? Ti. Ingratos fregi calamos, et serta, Menalca; Delicias quondam Domini : Trivisse labellum Paenitet, et pictis caput hoc cinxisse corollis. Quid faciam infelix ?. Postquam Meliboeus abire Sustinuit, mihi nee placeant umbracula 5ole Ferventi, viridi molles nee gramine somni. Ille levi docuit modulari carmen avena : Albaque gramineis intexere lilia sertis. Ilium nostra juvet, quamvis sit rustica, Musa. 5l2 812 THE HISTORY OF and soon afterwards entered into holy orders according to the sta- tutes of the college.* Early in 1674, the amiable Bonwicke entered into a corres- pondence with his old master, Goad, on behalf of his younger brother, Benjamin, for whose election to St. John's he was very anxious. The earnestness, with which he pressed his suit, on the ground that his father could not without much difficulty bear the Me. Iile pedo nostrum donavit cum gvege Daphnin ; Daphnin rura canunt, nee Daphnide doctior ullus Aut calamos inflare leves, aut dicere versus. Cernis ut in pratis saliant armenta gregesque, Lseta magis nee erant, dum se Melibceus agebat. Ti. Ergo iterum dulci liceat cantare cicuta? Et capiti frondi mistos circundare flores? Me. Talia vult Daphnis : vidi hunc per prata jubentem, Ludite ut ante levi calamo, circundate fronti Baccatas hederas : Pastoribus otia dantur. Ti. Ergo simul Daphnin cantemus et ore et avena:. Daphnin ad astra feramus ; amet sic nos quoque Daphnis. Me. Quod quercus parvas inter procera myricas, Lilia quod pressas sunt inter grarrjinis herbas, Quod Phyllis reliquas inter formosa puellas : Hoc juvenes inter pastores Daphnis habetur. Ti. Sis bonus, o felixque tuis; en quatuor aras ; Ecce duas tibi, Daphni; duasque tibij Melibcee:. Hie mini Pan fuerit; sed tu diceris Apollo. Me. Ipse dabo calathis plenis tibi, Daphni, quotannis- Pallentes violas et purpureos hyacinthos. Ti. Ipse ego pruna, nuces, et suave rubentia.poma, Dona feram, propria redimitaque singula fronde. Me. Ipse agrum et sylvara Daphnim resonare docebo : Me cantu nimio donee vox rauca relinquet. Ti. Ipse quidem tenui Daphnin modulabbr avena : Stridenti misere rima dum fracta dehiscet. Tu 0£W p.OVU $0%K. Bowyer's Miscellaneous Tracts, pp. 614, 61 5. Wood's History of Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p, 545. Merchant-Taylors' school. 813 expense of giving his sons an academical education, makes the reader of his letters forget the impropriety of the application.. But the good grace, with which he acquiesced in Goad's decision,, is, above all, neat and classical.* * " Ambrosius Bonvigus Johanni Goado, Praeceptori colendissimo, S.P.D. " E. Co]]. D. Joan. Oxon. 4 idus, Eeb. 1673-4. " Quod, in Uteris ad te scribendis tam parous sim et infrequens, id imprimis causae est, qudd nee quae seribam habeam, nee das quibus respondeam : malim autem negli- gens videri quam revera molestus esse. Non nempe sum ignarus, quam usque ad nauseam, hujnsmodi nugis quotidie oneraris ; cum scilicet proxime distent literae ple- raeque nostra? ab exercitationibus puerilibus. Et tibi foret prorsus desperandum, si eadem patereris k nobis post adventum nostrum ad academiam, qua? toties a pueris passus fueris. Quae cum ita sint, videar forsan commodo tuo, pariter ac nostro consuluisse, si H te impetravero, ut a Benjamine fratre et nugis ejus quotidianis te ipsum libe-- rares ; id e re tua fuerit: utque ad Collegium nostrum eum mittendum curares; hoc e. mea., fratrisque nostri, patris autem praesertim, qui liberos suos aegre alit, adeoque academiam tiliis suis toto animo exoptat. Tantus est illius in te amor, quantus fratrum solet esse, aut si quis major uspiam sit, aut vehementior: nee dubito quin. amore amori respondeas, ea est tua humanitas omnibus perspecta, mihi autem im- primis, qui meam humanitatem (mea autem culpa, perexiguam earn esse agnosco, quamvis aliqua sit, id agnoscere) tibi soli totam debeo. Te id quod exoptamus posse crederem : quippe qui fratrem ad studia excitare, ac juxta meritum, vel (si id pueri . indigentia et tua erga enm,benevolentia postulet) . supra meritum gradum ei assignare possis : nisi probe scirem, te id quod possis in re nostra velle. Sunt forsan aliqui e discipulis tuis qui collegio huic adscisci merito suo plus quam frater debeant; exoptent autem minus, ac minus indigeant. Tu, quod visum fuerit, facias ; non potes nobis non gratum facere: cum aut ad collegium Bejntjaminem mittas necesseest, aut tutelee tuas academiam contra optatissimae reserves. Vale." " Ambrosius Bonvictjs D. Johanni Goad, Praeceptori etiam nunc suo, salu-- tem et fausta omnia supra id quod dici possit, ex animo vovet, Londbium. " Oxonii, pridie Idus Martii, anno .1673-4: " Literis tuis plane mellitissimis,.nec tamen acumine suo destitutis, torporem et : timorem omnem mihi excussisti : ita. ut non temperem mihimet ipsi, quin statim aliquid legeram. En vero quid tibi comitas tua peperit, molestum scilicet otii tui in- terpellatorem, cui nunquam os obstruas, nisi cum proprium aperias. Nolo nempe tepescerit unquam amor iste, quo in memet ac meos omnes flagrare videris ; cujus- item testes lucupletes literas tuas asservaturus sum : ei potius frigidam suffundam, .ejt; 4314 THE HISTORY OF On the 14th of April, 1675, Edward Waple, a Fellow of St. John's, was presented to the office of Junior Proctor of the Uni- versity of Oxford.* And, on the SOth of November following, Edward Sparke, Fellow of the same College, was snatched away from the society of his friends by an untimely death. The remains of this accomplished young man, the only hope of his family, and the delight of his cotemporaries, were interred in the College Chapel, where a monument was shortly after erected to his memory by his disconsolate father, Dr. Edward Sparke, Chap- lain to his Majesty.-^ chartis importunis extinguam propemodum, quo vehementius ardeat, Non expecto ut singulis responderes, novi non quantillum otii tibi ludus ille literarius relinquat, in quanta autem studia id, quantulumcunque sit, insumas, scio. Quam te coelis tuis et astronomicis recreare, ac animum scholasticis defatigatum, studiis severioribus reficere soleas, haud sumus ignari. Si bis vel ter provocatus tandem responderis, voti compos ero: nee tibi temporis net magna jactura; quippe qui lineola aliqua extern poranea, salutis tu* ac amoris erga me indicio, mihimet abunde satisfacias. De Benjamine nostro (nolo nempe meum esse, nisi tuus pariter sit) quicquid fiet, aliquo nomine nobis id gratum fore dixi ; cum vero scholares tuos scite admodum alitibus assimiles, feliciores esse videntur, si felicitatem norint suam, qui cavea inclusi cibis prseparatis vescuntur, quam qui libertatem nescio quam sibi fingentes, perrupto ostiolo avolant, et multo cum labore et periculo per sylvas et avia vagabundi tenuem sibi victum conquirunt. Vale, ac Ambkosium tuum araare persevera." — Bowyer's Miscellaneous Tracts^ pp. 608, 60Q. * Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 148. t " On a fair black marble stone, lying on the ground, is this inscription: ' Depositum Edoardi Spakke, Gener. LL. Bach. Domus istius Socii, Artium Virtutumque studiosissimi, Spei Patris unices, qui Studia severiora Vocis Lyrseque Modulamine quandoque demulcere solebat, qua raptus Symphonia, ab hoc discordi Sseculo, ad Chorum ccelestemfestinavit, Novembris ultimo, A.D. MDCLXXV, iEtat.26. Hunc tantum Terris ostendunt Fata, &c. Quem Lyra demulsit discordi ccelicaSeclo Coelestem prbperat Sparkus adire Chorum.' Arms as below. On a fair table of black marble fastened to the west wall over the said marble stone is written : MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 815 About the commencement of the year 1676, at the recommen- dation of the Earl of Arlington, Professor Bernard was sent to France to be tutor to the Dukes of Grafton and Northumberland, natural sons of Charles II. by Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleve- land, who then lived with their mother at Paris; but, being a man of great meekness and modesty, though, at the same time, with- out the least moroseness, he was not so acceptable in that station as a person of a more gay and courtly temper would have been. And so, after about a year's stay in the French capital, he re- turned to his beloved retirement at Oxford ; having, during his absence, reaped the pleasure and advantage of collating several ancient and valuable manuscripts, of buying many scarce and curious books for his own library,* and of becoming acquainted with Peter Carcau, Keeper of the King's Library, Henry Juste), < M. S. Edoardi Sparse, Gen. LL. Bach, hujus Collegii per Septennium Socii, desideratissimi Musis, Musicseque addictissimi, sed rupta tandem ille Pulmonum Fibra, Opemque.humanameludente,versaejstinLwctumCarnisCilhara,SpirituChorwmccelestem anhelante. Obiit Nuvembris ultimo, M.DCLXXV. Ajxaio? 'Eigtiwxoj. r Aixaio? Eigtiwxoj. "Y Mlc licet extincta est, splendet Scintilla superne, Stella micans Superis, qui jacet ipse Cinis. Hk licet effuso moriebar Sanguine nostro, Vivo tamen, fuso Sanguine, Christe, tuo. rt Ov piAfi ©so? diro&vwxu vtos. Posuit Patrum mcestissimus E. S. S.T7P. Regi a sacris.' Jrms. — Checquy, Arg. and Gules, a bend Erm. a file of three labels. Crest.— A demi leopard issuing out of a ducal coronet, with sparks of fire coming •ut of its mouth and ears, Proper."— Wood's History of Colleges and Halls by Gutch p. bGS.Vrt^// * ViU, 8tc, p. 26—2*. 816 THE HISTORY OF Ismael Bullialdus, Daniel Huet afterwards Bishop of Avranches,* John Mabillon, Paschasius QuesneL, Andrew Dacier, Eusebiiis Renaudot, and Others of the most learned men in France. On the 28th of January, after a retirement of fifteen years, died the once active, and much celebrated Whitelocke, leaving behind him, in manuscript, * Memorials of the English Affairs, or an historical Account of what passed from the beginning of the Reign of King Charles the First to King Charles the Second his happy Restauration; containing the publick Transactions, civil and military, together with the private Consultations and Secrets of the Cabinet/ And also ' Memorials of the English Affairs from the supposed Expedition of Brute to this Island to the End of the Reign of King James the First.' Both of which works have since been published and much esteemed for their impartiality. -f On the 24th of May, Hall, Master of Pembroke College and Rector of St. Aldate's Church adjoining, was elected Margaret Professor of Divinity in the University of Oxford upon the pro- motion and consecration of Dr. Barlow to the See of Lincoln r| and, on the l6th of June, he was installed Prebendary of Wor- cester.§ In June died John Wells, the Non-conformist, who had been * " CircahaeeTempora'venitadme, officii caus&JVEDOARD us Bernardus, Anglus, quem pauci hac iEtate sequiparabant Eruditionis laude, Modestia vero pene nulli." — Huetius in Comment, de Rebus suis. p. 315. ■f The former work was first published in 1682, and again, with many additions and a better index, in 1 732, in folio. The other was published with some account of his Life and Writings by William Penn, Esq. Governor of Pennsylvania, and a preface by James Welwood, M. D. 1/09, folio. There are many speeches and discourses of Whitelocke's to be found in his ' Memorials of English Affairs,' and in other col- lections. It is said that there is a Treatise of his, entitled ' Monarchy asserted to be the best, most antient, and legal form of Government,'' printed in Svo. bat I have not seen it. % Wood's Athena?, vol. ii. col. 1186. § Wood's Annals by Gutch, vol. ii. p. 832. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 817 ejected from St. Olave's Jewry. His funeral sermon was preached by Mr. Watson.* /^^Edwaeds was still a popular preacher at Cambridge, where he n$J- resided, though not much countenanced by the heads of the Uni- versity. He had not been upon the best terms with Dr. Peter Gunning, the former Master of St. John's ;f and he was still more dissatisfied with some treatment he had received from Dr. Francis Turner,^: Gunning's successor. What were the grounds of his disgust, we are not able to ascertain. Probably he had given offence to those respectable divines by his Calvinistical principles, which, it is to be feared, had done no little mischief at Cam- bridge. But, whatever it was that made his situation at St. John's so uneasy to him, he determined to resign his fellowship and remove to Trinity Hall, where he entered himself a Fellow- commoner, and performed the regular exercises in civil law. And at this conjuncture, the parishioners of St^ Sepulch re's in jCam-^^ b ridge, inviting him to be their minister, he willingly embraced the opportunity thus afforded him of exercising his clerical func- tion in a place to which he had always been partial, but which was now endeared to him by being the residence of an agreeable widow, to whom he had been some time paying his addresses, and with whom he entered into the holy estate,of matrimony. § /fU -Untnn* *<** <$*/£ , /J/6 - &$mvljk(4{ *++/> A? * " He wrote the Practical Sabbatarian, or Sabbath Holiness crown'd with Hap- piness, 4to. 1668, and a Prospect of Eternity."— Rennet's Register, p. 780. t " Peter Gunning, S.T.P. was admitted June 25, 1661, void by the cession of Tuckney. In 1669, Gunuing became Bishop of Chichester. In 1674, Bishop of Ely." — Le Neve's Fasti, p. 434. \ " Francis Turner, S.T.P. was admitted April 11, 1670, void by the resignation •f Gunning. In 1683, Turner became Bishop of Rochester. In 1684, Bishop of E\y."-^Ibid. % « Mrs. Lane, the widow of Mr. Lane, who had been an Alderman, a Justice of Peace, and an eminent Attorney in the Town."— Biographia Britannica. Art. Eb- wards, [John.] 5 M 818 THE HISTORY OF In the spring of 1677, Levinz, President of St. John's, anxi- ous to facilitate the study of Greek, of which elegant and expres- sive language he was Regius Professor in the University of Oxford, took the lead in recommending to general use Sylvanus's Scholia, on two of Isocrates's Orations : an admirable little book, which, through his recommendation, was introduced into Mer- chant-Taylors', where it has been found extremely serviceable to the young student, in acquainting him with the niceties and pecu- liarities of the Greek idiom.* We are now come to the discovery of the famous conspiracy, known in England by the name of the Popish Plot, carried on by the Jesuits and others of the Romish Communion, against' his Majesty's life, the Protestant religion, and the government Of the country ; for a narrative of which we are indebted to Titus Oates, who, after receiving his school education at Merchant- Taylors, went to Cambridge, and was a student in two colleges there, Caius and St. John's. Removing thence he took orders in the Church of England, and officiated as a Curate in Kent and Sussex. After that he resided in the Duke of Norfolk's family, was reconciled to the Church of Rome, and entered in the Col- lege of St. Omer's. And thus coming to a close correspondence with Jesuits and Priests, he was let into the design discovered by him. To confirm his testimony, he referred to letters and papers in the custody of Edward Coleman, then Secretary to the Duke of York, which were afterwards seized and published, and from which it is sufficiently clear, that, though too much was built upon that foundation, . there was unquestionable evidence of a . * Harwood, in his View of the various Editions of the Greek and Roman Classics, enumerates several detached pieces of Isocrates, which have been published separately* but takes no notice of this by Sylvanus. The imprimatur prefixed to it is dated 9 .Dec. 1676. In less than four years it ran through three editions, and though i,t has been reprinted several times since, is now scarce. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 819 Popish Plot,* promoted by Pope Innocent XL; Cardinal Howard ; Johannes Paulus de Oliva, General of the Jesuits at Rome ; Pedro Jeronymo de Corduba, Provincial of the Jesuits in New Castile ; La Chaise, Confessor to Lewis XIV.; the Provincial of the Jesuits in England ; the Benedictine Monks at the Savoy ; the Jesuits and Seminary Priests in England, who were then in number about eighteen hundred ; the Lords Petre, Powis, Bellasis, Arundel of Wardour, Stafford, and several other persons of quality ,-f But what tended more than any thing else to throw the people into a consternation, was the murder of Sir Edmondbury Godfrey^ a Justice of the Peace in St. Martin's Parish, who, on the 6th of September, 1678, had sworn Oates to the truth of his narrative! For though it was possible that this murder might not have been committed by the Papists, it was not to be conceived what in- terest the Protestants could have to murder the Justice, while it was obvious that the Papists might do it in revenge for his having administered the oath to Oates. J Coleman was tried on the 27th of November, at the bar of the King's Bench, before the Lord Chief Justice Scroggs. The prin- cipal witness produced against him was Oates, whose evidence was confirmed in many particulars by some of Coleman's own letters, which were found in his lodgings at the time of his arrest, notwithstanding he had, on receiving notice of his accusa- tion, burnt or conveyed away his correspondence for the last two years. The jury, who were all gentlemen of the county of Mid- dlesex, withdrawing, in a little time brought him in guilty of high treason. Next day he received sentence of death, and on the 3d of December he was hanged and quartered according to Custom.! 1 After this, Oates had the boldness, before Charles and the * Collier's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. pp. S97, 898. f See Oatest's Narrativej % Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 690. § Ibid. p. 694-696. 5m2 820 THE HISTORY OP Council, to accuse the Queen herself of consenting to the death of the King. But his Majesty stopped this affair by his authority, and ordered a guard to be placed upon the accuser. However, the day after, the Commons addressed the King that Oates might be freed from his restraint, and attended by his own servants, and that a competent allowance might be appointed for his maintenance.* On the 17th of December, William Ireland and Thomas Pick- ering both Priests, and John Grove a Lay Brother, were tried at the Old Bailey for the plot, and, on the evidence of Oates and another witness, found guilty, and sentenced to be drawn, hanged, and quartered. But the execution of Ireland and Grove was deferred till the 24th of January, 1679> and that of Pickering still longer.-j- Three persons, accused of Godfrey's murder, — namely, Green, Berry, and Hill, were tried at the bar of the King's Bench, be- fore the Lord Chief Justice Scroggs, on the 10th of February. Oates deposed that he had heard Godfrey say, a little before hi& death, that he went in fear of his life by the Popish party, and had been dogged several days. But as the depositions of the other witnesses are foreign to this work, I shall only add, that the jury brought them all in guilty of the murder; whereupon the Chief Justice said, that they had found the same verdict which he should have found, if he had been one with them. Green and Hill were executed the 21st of that month ; but Berry was re- prieved for about a quarter of a year.:]; On the 21st of March, Oates and the other persons, who had given evidence in the Courts below against the conspirators, were, called before the House of Commons to give in their informations * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 696. t Rapin says, " to the 9th of May." — vol. ii. p. 697. % Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. pp. 701 and 709. merchant-Taylors' school. 821 Concerning the plot. Upon this the Commons came to the fol- lowing vote : — " The House doth declare, that they are fully satis- fied that there now is, and for divers years last past hath been,. a horrid and treasonable plot and conspiracy, contrived and car- ried on by those of the Popish religion, for the murthering his Majesty's sacred person, and for subverting the Protestant religion, and the ancient and well-established government of this kingdom/' To this vote the Lords agreed without hesitation.* And, there- fore, posterity cannot but believe that the plot was real, unless they can suppose that all the members of both houses were mis- taken, or all actuated by one spirit of prejudice and party, which, is incredible. The affair of the conspiracy must now be interrupted for some time, in order to notice several preferments and deaths, which took place this year. On the Sd of April, Levinz was installed Sub-dean of Wells, through the kindness of Bishop Mews.-j- And, in the course of the same month, died Sherbourn, Prebendary of Hereford, at the age of ninety-two years, having enjoyed himself in a quiet repose after the troubles of the usurpation for almost twenty years. But the peaee of his last sickness was much disturbed by the re- collection that, during the civil war, he had, as I have already mentioned* taken the covenant to gratify his patron the Earl of Essex. J On the 4th of July, Abraham Markland, formerly Fellow//^ ©f St. John's College, Oxford, who, on completing his degrees in arts, had retired into Hampshire, and devoted himself to the cul- tivation of poetry and the belles lettres, was installed Prebendary. * Rapin's History of England, vol, ii. p. 703. f Le Neve's Fasti, p. 43. . i Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part II. p. 35. 8'23 THE HISTORY OF of Winchester, near which city he was afterwards beneficed.* And in August, died the ingenious Jeremiah Wells, formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. -f- On the pth of February, 1680, the venerable Anthony Death, already mentioned as a benefactor to Merchant-Taylors' Sehool,t departed this life. And not long after died Archdeacon, Lay- field, in peaceable possession of Allhallows Barking. § He was a man of a generous and no^le spirit, of great courage and reso- ktion.ll^^ 7 ^^^^^^^*'/^ * ,z, f " <}u ^^^^i4c - ? ^pyo-hat^ J l).l-Jt'i*»MiM.i^it 9 fyjfC 2^/16 $/, t " Jeremiah Wells, a Londoner born, bred in Merchant-Taylors' School, became scholar of St. John's Coll. in 1665, Junior Collector of the University when Bach, of Arts, 11 Feb. 1669, and one of the first persons that spoke in verse in the first Encaenia at the dedication of Sheldon's Theatre, an. I669. Afterwards.,: being Master of Arts and Fellow of his House, he was made Lecturer of St. Michael's Cornhill, and Curat to Dr. Edward Layfield, of Allhallows Barkin, in London, He hath written, * Poems upon several Occasions,' Lond. 1667, oct. ' Character of a London Scrivener.' — Printed with the Poems. He was buried in the church of Allhallows Barkin before-mentioned, the 24th of August, 1679, having before taken to wife the daughter of Dr. Layfield before-mentioned, widow of Sir John Mennes, and always accounted an ingenious man." — Wood's Athene, vol. ii. col. 637.^*' **** ' "*M/^/ &*ji H p , Q , J In Allhallows Barking Church, near the Tower, is this inscription in the body of the church : , " Antoniu! Death, A.M. Aulas Pembroch. Cantab.^ob. Febr. 9, et JEra Christi, 1679, hujus Parochise Benefactor magnificus." ^^^ § " The vicarage house was burnt down in the fire of London. Rebuilt by "Dr.tiA.Y- field, then Incumbent, upon lease of 40 years, to his son Ch. Layfield. The house let some time for ,£70 per annum, and the reserved or ground rent .£4. In which is in- cluded the whole glebe land : some of which lieth on the other side of the church,"— Stow's Survey, B. II. p. 37. || See page 737. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 823 In May, Waple, who had served the office of Proctor of Ox-r ford in 1675, became one of the golden Prebendaries of Wells, in the place of Grindall Sheafe.* On the 30th of November, a new scene was opened,— namely, the trial of William Howard, Lord Viscount Stafford, a Popish Lord, who had been long confined in the Tower, on a charge of being concerned in the late plot. He was tried before the Lords in Westminster-Hall, the Chancellor being appointed by the King to perform the office of High Steward. The managers for the Commons began with the plot in general, and laid open the malice, wickedness, and horrour of so bloody, cruel, and dreadful a design. After which they produced their witnesses to make^ood their accusation against his Lordship. Oate's swore that, in the year 1678, both in Spain and at St. Oraer's, he saw several letters, signed Stafford, wherein his Lordship assured the Jesuits of his fidelity and zeal, in promoting the Roman Catho- lick cause; and that, in the same year, being in London, his Lord- ship came to the chamber of Father Fenwick, and there, in his pre- sence, received a commission from him, to be Paymaster-General to the Army : upon which last occasion his Lordship said, that he must, of necessity, go down into the country to take account how affairs stood there ; and did not doubt but, at his return, Grove, ano- ther of the conspirators, should do the business ; and, speaking of the King, he further added, ' He lxath deceived us a great while, and we can bear no longer/ The accused Lord, in his de- fence, alleged many things to invalidate the credit of the plot, and particularly the reputation of Gates and the other principal witnesses. ■• But though it lasted a whole week, and concluded with a long and pathetick speech, in which he solemnly protested * Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 148. 824 THE HISTORY OF his innocence, he was found guilty by fifty-five votes against thirty- one : And on the 29th of December he was beheaded.* Of such service was Oates, in these critical times, to the Church, the King, and the government. He, who seeth the end from the beginning, made even this man's fluctuation in religion instrumental to the detecting of the secret designs of the Papists against the reformed faith of this country. And hence it was that, for many years together, Oates was regarded as " the Savi- our of the Nation." -f Onthel3thof April, 1681, RichardOliver^cIIow of St. John's, was presented to Convocation as Junior Proctor of the University of Oxford.^ And, on thesame day, Goad was dismissed from the head- ship of Merchant-Taylors, under circumstances, which are already before the reader.§ He afterwards took a house in Piccadilly, to which place many of his scholars accompanied him for the com- pletion of their education,|| some of their parents imitating him in being reconciled to the Church of Rome, and others not much caring of what religion the master was, provided the pupils were well instructed. And though we cannot but condemn him for his apostacy from Protestantism, his name must ever be respected by the lovers of learning and science. But while the Merchant-Taylors' Company and the generality of the citizens of London were embracing every opportunity of consolidating the Protestant interest, the Papists were rapidly * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. pp. 717, 718. f About this time, a cotemporary of Oates's, meeting with his name in the Pro- bation Book at the school, wrote under it at the bottom of the page, " The Saviour of the Nation, first discoverer of that damnable, hellish, Popish plot in 1678." — Probation Book, vol. ii. p. 683. % Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 150. § See page 379, &c. || Wood's Athens, vol. ii. col. 838, 839- MERCHANT-TAYLOns' SCHOOL. 825 gaining ant ascendancy at Court. Oates was no longer wanted, at a time, when not only the Popish Plot was openly ridiculed, but a design formed of being revenged on those who had been most zealous to support the belief of it. And, therefore, on the 31st of August}., he was, by order of Council, turned out of Whitehall, with a command not to come withiri the verge of the Court.* In the latter end of October, Hopkins, Bishop of Raphoe, was transiated'to Londonderry, in the place of Dr. Mich aeV Ward 1 de*- ceased.-f* And, about the same time, Thomas- Ward,' Prebendary of Netherhaven, was preferred to the Archdeaconry of Wilts and the Prebend of Gillingham Major.J In the Beginning -of 1082,' Waple, Prebendary of- Wells, was made Archdeacon" of Taunton, and Levinz, President of St. John's, Canon Residentiary of Wells, in the room of Dr. Will. Piers, (son of Bishop Piers,) deceased.^,. They were both installed in their respective dignities on or about the 22d of April.jj , And, in the same months James Aston, who had been a captain in the late King's army, arid afterwards well beneficed by his present' Ma- jesty, was made Canon of Wells.^f In May oft Jun$* A died Benjamin Needler, formerly of St John's, Oxford. For some years before his death he had exercised the J clerical function privately at J Nortrrwarnbbrough, in 'Hamp- shire. And, as he died in that village, ,it is probable that he was there interred : for though, many of those, who were ejected for mon^conformity, carried their enmities beyond the grave, and * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 724. + ;Wood's Athena^ vol. ii. col. 851. J i Walker's (Suffering? of the Clergy; Part II- p. 1 19- § Wood?s Fasti by^uteh,. p. 148, and History of Colleges and Halls, p. 545. || Le Neve's Fasti, p. 47- f Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part II. p. 118. 5 : N 826 THE HISTORY OF chose to lie in un consecrated ground, it was his wish, as expressed in his will, to be " buried frugally in some church-yard."* To this time must be fixed the date of those differences on the- subject of passive obedience, which, in a few years, widened into, a most alarming breach, and set at variance many school-fellows, who had hitherto travelled through life without a quarrel. Every man became either a Whig or a Tory. The Episcopalians, of. whom the majority were Tories, apprehended nothing less than the total overthrow of the church and monarchy by the Presby- terians, while the latter, who were mostly Whigs, charged the for- mer with establishing principles which led to the introduction of Popery and arbitranrpower.-f- In 1683, Professor ^Bernard, who,, on his return to Oxford, had resumed his studies with great alacrity, was induced to quit * " Benjamin Needler, son of Thomas Needier, of Lanum in Middlesex, was born in that county, elected scholar of St. John's Coll. from Merchant-Taylors' School, an. 1642, aged 18- years, afterwards Fellow and a dinger to the Presbyterian visitors of the University, in 1648, by submitting to tbeir power, and accepting of, by way, of creation, the degree of Bach, of the Civil Law. Whether he afterwards took orders from a Bishop, I know not : sure I am, that he being a well gifted brother for praying and preaching, he was some years after made Minister of Margaret Moses in Friday-Street, within the cky of London, where continuing till after his Majesty's: restoration, was ejected for non-conformity, an. 1662. He hath written * Expository Notes, with practical observations, towards the opening of the five first chapters of the first book of Genesis, delivered by way of exposition in several Lord's Day's Exercises.' Lond. 1655, in a large octavo. — Several sermons, as (1) Sermon on Matth; v. 29, 30i 'Tis the third serm. in. the morning exercise at Cripplegate, preached in, Sept. 1661. Lond. 1661. qu.— (2) Sermon on Matth. iv. 10. Tis the thirteenth ser- mon in the morning exercise against Popery, preached in Southwark, &c. Lond. 1675, qu. — (3) The Trinity proved by Scripture, serm. on 1 John, v. 7> in the morn- ing exercise methodized, &c. preached in St. Giles's in the Fields, in May, 1659. Lond. 1676, qu. What other things go under his name, I know not. He left behind him a son called Culverwell. Needier, another named Benjamin, and a brother-in-law, called Rich. Culverwell, Minister of Grundesburgh." — Wood's dthena, vol. ii. col. 708. rnti ^ • «*H (Wf ( ir} k 1 *= f Rapin's History of England, yoI. ii. p. 726. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 827 his retirement for a short time, in order to be present at the sale of Nicholas Heinsius's library by auction. For this purpose he went a second time to Holland, where he purchased at a great price several of the classical authors, that had been either collated with manuscripts, or illustrated with the marginal notes of Joseph Scaliger, Bonaventure Vulcanius, the two Heinsius's, and other eminent criticks. He took this opportunity of renewing or con- tracting an acquaintance with J. G. Grsevius, Frederic Spanheim, James Triglandius, James Gronovius, James Perigonius, Theo- dore Ryckius, Servatius Gallseus, Evaldus Rulaeus, and Nicholas Witsen, Burgomaster of Amsterdam,* who presented him with a Coptic Dictionary, brought from Egypt by Theodore Petraeus, of Holsatia. And so pleased was he with the civilities and politeness of the Dutch, and the great facilities he had, in that country, of making considerable improvements in oriental learning, that he almost determined to settle at Leyden, if he could have been chosen Professor of the Oriental Tongues in that University. Not succeeding in that object of his wishes he returned to Oxford ; but, beginning now to be weary of the study of astronomy, and his health declining with his years, he was anxious, upon proper terms, to resign his professorship to Flamstead or Halley, both of whom had cultivated the science of astronomy with wonderful success and with the applause of all Europe. But not being able to obtain *J<1&#!^fc™faV^ffl&&&® A years longer.-f / , On the 8th of February^ Ed wards, %he popular preacher at St. Sepulchre's in Cambridge, was presented to the vicarage of St. * This Witsen, in 1686, transmitted to Bernard the Coptic and Ethiopic Types, made of iron, for the use of the printing press at Oxhtd.-Biographia Britamica. Art. Bernarb, [Edward.] Note H. f Biographia Britannica, Art. Bernard, [Edward.] 5n2 Peter's in Colchester by Sir'jThoraas.Andley.* Some timeifeefoa?e this, his friend, Sir Robert Carr, Jbad cgenerowsly offered him two .considerable benefices in Norfolk, which he ; as .generously ^de- clined, from a wish that those livings. might be bestowed/ on .sxwne other. persons who more; needed tfiem.rf- And though the prefer- ment he accepted was less valuable, it, gratified his foible by the prospect of greater popularity than could be obtained by offici- ating in a country village, St. Peterfs 'being looked '.upon as the chief Church in Colchester, whereto > the Mayor and! his brethren the Aldermen usually resort, in their formalities, on Sundays, and other solemn festivals and particular occasions, to hear divine ser- f/f On the 19th of July, died Bell, Archdeacon of St. Alban's;§ and, on that day se'nnight, he was buried in the chancel df St. Sepulchre's in London, of which church he had for • some years been Vicar, leaving behind him a, name precious among his pa- rishioners for his charity, eloquence, and other, estimable qualities, of which they gratefully acknowledged they could not speak enough. || He was soon after succeeded inithe living, which, was * Newcourt's Repertorium, vol. ii. p. 179. *|- Biographia'Britannica. Art. Edwards, [John.] :£ Morant's History of Colchester, p. 112. § " He hath published .several sermoras,; as (1) City Security .stated, preaehed ; at St. Paul's, before the Lord Mayor, on Psal. cxxvii. latter part of the first ver. Jrfjad- 1660, qu. (2) Joshua's Resolution to serve God with his.FaAnily : recommended to the practice of the inhabitants of S. Sepulchre's Parish, from 24 of Josh.15, latter part. Load. 1672, qu. sec. edit. (3)quam e sero ad renes tmrnmittW Load. '1680, in two sh«ets and a half- in quarto.''-^**'* Fafy vol. u. col. 187s, ' 830 THE HISTORY OF York brought bis action of ' Scandalum Magnatum' against Gates for directly calling him Traitor. And for this offence the Court gave his Royal Highness a hundred thousand pounds damages. But this vindictive sentence not satisfying the Popish party, Gates was indicted for .perjury, in relation to Father Ireland's being in London at the time sworn to at his trial. And not long after another indictment of the same nature was preferred against him, in reference to his being present at the consult of the Jesuits at the White Horse Tavern, in 1678. While these prosecutions were going on, and Oates was lying in prison, waiting the devices of his enemies,* Bishop Mews was on the point of being removed to a higher seat on the Episcopal Bench. He had now sat more than eleven years in the See of Bath and Wells, much beloved and admired for his hospitality, .generosity, Justice, and frequent preaching, but especially for the kind patronage which he extended to those who had been scholars of Merchant-Taylors and Fellows of St. John's.-f- In the begin- ning of November he was declared, by the King in Council, Bishop of Winchester in the room of Dr. G. Morley then lately de- ceased, and on the 22d of that month he was translated to that important and valuable See.J Almost the whole month of January, of the new year, 1685, was spent in prosecuting delinquents against the Duke of York, and in pursuing other expedients for consolidating the King's absolute power. All complaints were suppressed, and the whole * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 733. f The good Bishop never forgot .the connections he had formed at school or at col- lege. When a Residentiary Canonry in the Church of Wells, and the Archdeaconry of Taunton were vacated by the death of Dr. Piers, he bestowed the former on Dr. W. Levinz the President, and the latter on E. Waple, B.D. Fellow of St. John's. ' But these, and many other instances, are noticed in the body of the Work. t Wood's Athena?, vol. ii. col. 1179, and Le Neve's Fasti, p. 34 and 288. MERCHANT-TAYLOKS* SCHOOL. 831 kingdom subdued. Those rights and privileges, the most extra- vagant claims of which the nation had maintained with so much fury against Charles the .First, they voluntarily surrendered to Charles the Second. But no sooner had the King arrived at the height of his wishes, than death cut him off from the enjoyment of them. He died on the 6th of February, leaving behind him the character of a Prince of extraordinary natural endowments, of great quickness and penetration, and admirably qualified for the station to which he was born. These advantages, indeed, were much counterbalanced by the sallies of his private life. But Bonwicke, looking, as poets generally do, at the bright side of his character, found topicks enough, for his muse to dilate upon. Within a few hours after Charles II. had resigned his last breathy his brother the Duke of York was proclaimed King in London by the name of James II. The Tories saw not, as yet, the danger, which the Protestant religion was in, under a King who was so zealous a Papist.* But, before the meeting of Parliament, which was called for the 19th of May, Oates, who had rendered him- self highly odious to the King and the Romish party by his tes- timony against the Jesuits, was brought to his trial. He was accused of perjury on two points of his evidence, — namely, for affirming, upon oath, that he was present at the grand consult held at London on the 24th of April, 1678, where, as he said, the resolution of killing the King was taken ; and for saying that Father Ireland was at London on such a day. To convict him of these two pretended crimes, he was brought before Chief Justice JefFeries at the bar of the King's Bench, on the 8th and 9th of May. But as this matter has already, been spoken of, I shall confine myself to show the partiality with which Oates was tried and condemned. * Rapin's History of England, vol. iu p. 741. 832 THE HISTORY OF In. the first place, immediately after the indictment was read,' and before any witness was heard, Sir Robert Sawyer, the Attor- ney-Generab (who, in 1678, bad. been oneof the Counsel for the late King to isupport Gates's evidence,) made a.speeeh, in which: he declared that Gates was one off the greatest; impostors that had ever appeared'on the stage; eithierin this; or any other nation 4. Twenty witnesses' from St. Oraer's,. who, in ;l£>78, had deposed, that Gates was at that place ore the 24th of; April, that year ; at which time he said J be was'; present? at the grand consult, but' whose evidence was' not then regarded,. were again produced and; were believed. Oates desired' it might be observed ; that the King's >Gouns©]y particularly the; 1 Attorney and' Solicitor. General, , who were now against him, had been for him in the trials of the five -Jesuits* and ithat the Lord Chief Justice himself, . before whom his cause was pleading, was then among* thie King's Counsel^ and did expressly say that the verdict against; the five Jesuits was a just verdict. But* aHHthesengeaitlemen of; the longTobefouiaid it convenient now to disbelieve what: they then. believed. Oates very properly demanded, whether a Papist might be credited whea, his religion was concerned ? To which it was replied that he might; and, as if the question had been; foreign to the purpose^ Justice Withers asked him, whether he was come thereto preach ? Oates urged the Lord Coke's practise,, who would not allow ia: Popish Recusant to be a witness even between party and ' party: to which it was answered, in general, that such practise was .con- trary to law. Lastly, he represented; that .the Lord Shaftsbiti!y,\ upon his trial, moving that; he might have liberty. to being an indictment ox perjury against >- the witnesses that accused J him* the Court -over-ruled _1 the motion', andj would < n®t suffer the Kingisi evidence to be indicted of perjury, nor the 1 Popish Pltet calfedsimi question ; from which he very naturally inferred, that having him-- self been evidence for the King, he could not for that reason be indicted of perjury, But Jeffieriesr told, him all this was nothing merchant-Taylors' school. 833 to the purpose ; and then, summing up the evidence, concluded with these words : " There does not remain the least doubt but that Oates is the blackest and most perjured villain that ever appeared upon the face of the earth." And then the Jury, with* drawing about a quarter of an hour, brought him in guilty of the perjury of which he was accused.* The next day he was tried upon the second indictment of per* jury concerning Father Ireland, and some witnesses being pro- duced against him, who swore that Ireland was in Staffordshire when Oates said he was in London, he was also found guilty on this indictment. The unbiassed reader of the trial cannot but see the partiality of this verdict. There was a great deal of passion in the sentence against Oates, and much more in the execution of it. The sentence Avas, that he should pay for a fine one thou- sand marks upon each indictment, — that he should be stript of all his canonical habits — that he should stand in the pillory before Westminster-Hall Gate upon, the following Monday for an hour, with a paper over his head, (which he was first to walk with round about to all the Courts in Westminster~Hall,)< declaring, his crime — that he should upon Tuesday stand in the pillory at the Royal Exchange for an hour, with, the same inscription— that on Wedj- nesday he should be whipt from Aldgate to Newgate — that on Friday he should be whipt from Newgate to Tyburn — that, for annual commemoration, upon every 24th of April, he should stand in the pillory at Tyburn, just opposite to the gallows,, for an hour, upon every 9th of August at Westminster- Hall Gate, on every 10th of August at Charing Cross, on every 1.1th of August against the Temple Gate,, and upon every 2.d of September at the Royal * On this, a scribbler, finding Oatss described, in the Probation-Book, (vol'ii. p. 633,) as " The Saviour of the Nation, &c." which was his character in 1678, wrote under it, " Perjur'd upon Record, and a scoundrel fellow.'.' So short-lived is popu- larity !— See Note, p. 824;. 5, o, 834 THE HISTORY 01 Exchange — and that he should be committed a close prisoner as long as he lived. After pronouncing this sentence, Jefferies added that, if it had been in his power, Oates should have been condemned to die. But what was thought most barbarous in this sentence was the ordering a man to be whipt twice in three days. Some charitable persons used their endeavours to beg off part of his punishment, and made application to the Queen, intreating her to intercede for him, at least with regard to the second scourging. But all in* tercession was in vain. The sentence was executed with all imagi- nable rigour and barbarity. The first day he was tied to a cart, and as the hangman was, no doubt, commanded not to spare him, he executed the order with a degree of cruelty unknown to the Eng- lish nation. Oates swooned away several times the first day with the extremity of the anguish. And, therefore, we may judge what he endured the second day, when his wounds were yet fresh. In a word, his sustaining such great torments, and escaping with life, was looked upon as something miraculous. Every one was sensible, that both in the sentence and in the execution revenge had a greater share than justice, and that he was made a sacrifice to the manes of the five Jesuits executed in the J ate reign.* About this time the Duke of Monmouth, a natural son of the late King, resident at Brussels, began to flatter himself that the enmity of the Whigs against James would revive, if he could put himself at the head of their party : but be had yet no private correspondence with any of the nobility or gentry who could sup- port him by their credit or money. However, the Earl of Argyle, who had been condemned in 1.681, and had since kept himself concealed at Amsterdam, perceiving how advantageous it would be to him in his project of raising an insurrection in Scotlaad, * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. pp. 743, 744. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 835 if tlie Duke ©f Monmouth should make an invasion in England, prevailed on him to try his fortune.* The Duke of Monmouth, pursuant to agreement with Argyle, sailed out of the Texel the 24th of May with a small man of war and two other vessels. He met with such contrary winds, that he was nineteen days at sea. At last, on the 11th of June, he landed, with about eighty followers, near Lyme in the west of England, and forgetting that Christianity, undebased by political ambition, affords no countenance to rebellion, published a declaration, pre- tending that he was in arms for the vindication of the Protestant religion. In a few days his followers increased to some thousands, which emboldened him to march to Taunton and Bridgewater, and take the title of King.-f At this conjuncture, the King con- fiding much in the loyalty and zeal of Bishop Mews, and in compliance with the request of the gentlemen of the county of Somerset, commanded him to go against the Rebels in that quarter, where his service was so signal, that his Majesty was graciously pleased to reward him with a rich medal 4 The Duke was defeated, taken prisoner, sent up to London, and exe- cuted. § It was not, however, the Duke of Monmouth's defeat that in- spired James, as some have thought, with the idea of becoming absolute, and altering the established religion. His good fortune to, conquer that rival served only to put him upon hastening the execution of his projects, one of which was to turn the Pro- testant army in Ireland into a Popish one.. For this purpose Colonel Richard Talbot, a violent Papist, a man most odious to the English Protestants in Ireland, and whom Oates, in his nar- * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 746- -f Ibid. p. 748. f "Wood's Athens, vol. ii. col. 1179, and Illustrations subjoined to Atterbury's Cor? despondence, vol. i. p. 493. § Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 749- 5o2. 836 THE HISTORY OF rative of the plot, had named as designed for this very service, was empowered to cashier such officers and soldiers as he thought fit. By virtue of which commission he broke many officers, under pretence that they had borne arms against Charles I. during the troubles, or were related to men who had served under Cromwell. And, therefore, when the event was seen to agree so well with what Oates had related, many could not help thinking either that he had been very well informed, or that he was a very good prophet.* On the 18th of December, Charles Bateman, a very worthy man, and a surgeon of some note, was accused of holding several seditious discourses against the government. But many persons believed that his chief crime consisted in his compassion to Oates, having constantly attended him after his cruel scourgings, and used all his skill to cure his wounds. Bateman, who did not expect to be accused, grew distracted during his imprisonment, of which the Court were so well satisfied that they permitted his son to make his defence for him. But his condition did not pre- vent him from being condemned and executed.^ In the beginning of the year 1686, Edward Sclater, for- merly a member of St. John's College, Oxford, and now Minister ofJPutney in Surrey, declared himself a Papist, and, under the influence of the Court, had liberty given him to put a Curate into his living, and allow him a salary from the JCl60 per annum, which he received there mostly from Placets.^. About the same * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 751. f Ibid. | " Edward Sclater, son of a father of both his names of London, but de- scended from those of his name living at Sclater or Slaughter in Glocestershire, was born in Middlesex, became a student of St. John's Coll. (a Servitor in the Hall I think) in 1640, aged 17, bore arms for his Majesty while Oxon was garrisoned for his use, took the degrees in Arts, that,of Bachelor 6 July, 1644, and that of Master being conferred on him in 1647, suffered afterwards for the Royal cause^ taught school, and MERCHANT*TAYL0RS' SCHOOL. gS? time he wrote « Consensus Veterum : or the Reasons of Edw. Sc la- ter, Minister of Putney, for his Conversion to the Catholic Faith and Communion/* But soon after there came out two answers to it,f which prevented any mischief arising from it. For while, on the one hand, the King addressed himself to such of the Clergy as were ready to sacrifice the publick to their private interest, and rewarded the most forward of them by way of encouraging their brethren to follow their example, the great body of the Clergy Clearly discovered their aversion from Popery, openly preached on the points of controversy between the Churches of England and Rome, and by their writings, still dear to us, checked the progress of Proselytism.ij; On the ilth of February, Richard Blechenden, (Fellow of St. John's, Oxford, who had preached the sermon at the conse- cration of Dr. Thomas White, Bishop of Peterborough, in the Archbishop's Chapel at Lambeth,§ on the 25th of October last,) was collated to a Prebendal Stall in the Church of Peterborough. || at length became Minister of Putney. He hath written A Grammar for the use of his School, and a Vocabulary." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1083, and Fasti, col. 40. * It was published at London in 14 sh. and an half in qu.— Wood's Atliena, Ibid. f " One of which is entit. ' The Antiquity of the Protestant Religion, in Answer to Mr. Sclater's Reasons, and the Collection made by the Author of the Pamphlet entit. Nubes Testium, part I.' Lond. 1687, qu. The other is entit. ' Veteres vindicati f in an expostulatory Letter to Mr. Sclatek, of Putney, upon his Consensus Veterum, &c. Wherein the Absurdity of his Method, and the Weakness of his Reasons are shewn, his false Aspersions upon the Church of England are wiped off, and her faith concerning the Eucharist proved to be that of the Primitive Church. Together with Animadversions on Dean Boileau's French Translation of, and Remarks upon, Ber- tram.' Lond. 1687, qu. This letter is dated the 1st of March, 1686, — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1083, and Fasti, col. 40. ■J; Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. pp. 754, 755. «, Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. col. 224. || Rawlinson's MSS. 7 838 THE HISTORY OF And, on the 9th of June, Ambrose Bonwic-ke, already men- tioned, was chosen Head Master of Merchant-Taylors/* Meanwhile Goad, amidst the toils of his private school in Pic- cadilly, was proceeding with a grand work, on which he had! been labouring from about the year 1650, and, notwithstanding the numerous avocations in which he had been engaged in the in- terval, brought it to perfection this year. It was entitled * Astro Metereologica, or Aphorisms and Discourses of the Bodies celes- tial, their Natures and Influences* discovered from the Variety of the Alterations of the Air, temperate or intemperate, as to Heat or Cold, Frost, Snow, Hail, Fog, Rain, Wind, Storm, Lightning, Thunder, Blasting, Hurricane, &c/ and was published in folio at London. And that may truly be said of it, which can seldom be affirmed of astrological discourses, that it is founded on scripture and reason.-f- Several years before this, Bishop Fell had resolved, with the assistance of Professor Bernard, to print, at the theatre at Ox-^ ford, a new edition of Josephus, more correct than any of the former. Nor could his Lordship have selected a scholar better, qualified than Bernard. For though, according, to the duty of his professorship, he spent most of his time in the mathematicks* yet he had a much greater inclination to history, chronology, and antiquities. But either for want of proper means to complete the work, or in expectation of one promised by the learned Andrew Bosius, the design was for awhile laid aside. However, upon the death of Bosius, it was resumed, and Bernard collected all the manuscripts he could procure out of the libraries of Great Britain, both of the Greek text and Epiphanius's Latin trans- lation, and purchased Bosius's valuable papers of his executors at a great price. He then published a specimen of his edition of * See page 385. t Wood's Athene, vol. ii. col. 839. merchant-Taylors' school. &)9 Josephtts, and wrote a number of letters to his learned friends in France, Holland, Germany, and other countries, to desire their assistance in the work. He laboured in it for some time with the Utmost vigour and resolution, though his constitution was much broken by his intense application to study. But this noble under- taking was for various reasons left unfinished.* Some complained that Epiphanius's Translation was defective and not answerable to the original in many places, and required a new version, or at least that of Gelenius revised and corrected ; while others found great fault with the number of various readings which were to be introduced, and with the length of the commentaries drawn up for this edition. These objections occasioned a contest between Bernard and the Curators of the Oxford Press, in consequence of which the printing was interrupted.f And, at last, the design of having this work published at the expense of the University was quite broken off by the death of its first promoter and en- * About six or seven years after, Bernard was prevailed upem by three book- sellers of Oxford to resume that work, and to publish ilia a less form, upon the model of his specimen ; but they not being able to bear the expense of it on account of the wax, after a few sheets were printed off, desisted fuom their undertaking. These repeated discouragements hindered the learned author from proceeding further than the four first boots and part of the fifth of the Jewish Antiquities, and the first book and part of the second of the Destruction of Jerusalem ; which were printed at the Theatre at Oxford in 1686 and 1687, and published in 1700, foj. In the notes, the author showed himself a universal scholar and discerning critic, and appears to have been master of most of the oriental learning and languages. These notes have been incorporated into Havercamp's edition. — Biographia Britannica. Art. Bernard, (Edward) Note C. ... f " The author being weary pf the work, did go no farther than his notes on the first five books, which caused an old theologist, and a pretender to poetry, (Clemenj Barksdale, in his poem, entit. 'Authors and Books,' printed at Oxon, in half a sheet of paper on one side, in two columns, an. 1685,) to say, in his dogrel rhimes, " Savilian Bernard's a right learned man, Josephus he will finish when he can." Wood's <4thena, ypl.ii. col. 1084. 840 • THE HISTORY OF courager, Bishop Fell, who, to the great loss of learning and of the whole University, died on the 10th of July, 1686.* On the 30th of that month, Richard Oliver was installed in the Arch- deaconry of .Surrey, vacant by the death of Bishop Pearson, who had held that dignity in commendam with the See of Chester.^ Jfh^ Edwards had now resided somewhat more than three years at Colchester, where his sermons had been much attended by the inhabitants. But his conduct not rendering him acceptable to the other Clergy of the town, he was pleased to regard the dis- tance with which they treated him as unkind usage. Induced by this, and the unhealthfulness of his lady, and a convulsive fit with which he had himself been visited, he determined to remove, with his family, into Cambridgeshire..]: But his bodily pains and weak- nesses accompanying him, especially the gout, he was constrained to retire from the pulpit, and confine himself to the diffusion of his theological opinions by means of the press. And accordingly, from this period till a short time previous to his decease, he was engaged in presenting a succession of publications to the world, which, notwithstanding their being undoubtedly learned, savour too strongly of the peculiarities of rigid Calvinism. § Hitherto the Papists had not been able to procure any prefer- ments in either of the Universities. But the introduction of their religion into those seats of learning was too great an object to be long postponed. And Magdalen College in Oxford, of which Mews, as Bishop of Winchester, was Visitor, was doomed to encounter the first fury of the storm. The Presidentship of that * Biographia Britannica. Art. Bebnabd, (Edward) Note G. And Wood's Athense, vol. ii. col. 799. f Le Neve's Fasti, p. 293. % It does not, however, appear that he resigned his living on quitting Colchester, as Benjamin Smith, Clerk, the next Incumbent, was not presented till 20 Apr. 1698. — Newcourt's Repertorium, vol. ii p. I79- | Biographical Dictionary, Edit. 1798, oct. vol. v. p. 278. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 841 College, the richest in the University, falling vacant On the 31st of March, 1687, the Vice-President gave notice for an election On the 13th of April. But, before that day, the members of the College were informed that the King had granted a mandate in favour of Mr. Anthon y Farme t^a man of ill reputation, who had promised to declare himself a Papist. UporT~this they presented a petition to his Majesty, praying him, either to leave them to the choice of their President, according to the statutes of their founder, or to recommend a person who might be more service- able to the College. The answer received from the Earl of Sun- derland was;, that the King must be obeyed ; and immediately after, the King's mandate was delivered to Mr. Robert Charnock, a new convert and Fellow of the College. This mandate being read in the presence of all the Fellows, it was resolved to keep to the day appointed for the election, when Dr. Hough jvas chosen i by a greatjmajority. And, shortly after, the new President was J presented to Mews, who administered to him the usual oath, and admitted him to his office. The King, extremely provoked with this election and Mews's confirmation of it, caused the Vice-President and Fellows to be cited before the Commissioners, whom, with a view of forcing the Protestant Clergy to submission, he had named as a Court for Ecclesiastical Affairs. The Fellows, who attended, gave in so many allegations against Farmer, that the Commissioners them- selves were ashamed of him. And, therefore, the King dropping his first mandate, granted a second in favour of _ Dr. Park er, Bishop ofOxipj^a_xeRuiejL^pjst._ The Fellows finding him also unqualified by the statutes, refused to obey the new mandate. In consequence of which, the King went himself to Oxford, but could not gain his point. And, therefore, his Majesty, taking the visitatorial power from Mews, vested it in three creatures of the Court, who, after trying a variety of expedients, were at length 5 p 842 THE HISTORY OF driven to the obnoxious one of expelling the Protestant Fellows, and filling the College with Papists.* In March, 1688, Edmund Calamy, grandson to the celebrated Galamy, Minister of Aldermanbury, by his eldest son Edmund Calamy, Minister of Moreton in Essex,-f- after having acquired a competent portion of learning under Hartcliffe, from whom he merited by his diligence particular marks of favour, and by his natural sweetness of temper and ingenuousness in conversation, established such friendships with his cotemporaries, as were both useful and honourable to him in the succeeding part of his life, went over to the University of Utrecht. There he studied phi- losophy under De Vries and civil law under Vander Muyden, both eminent professors, and attended the lectures of the learned Grsevius upon Sophocles and PuffendorPs introduction. He now pursued his studies with still greater diligence than before, ma- king it a rule with himself to spend one whole night in a week amongst his books. His application and proficiency recom- mended him to the favour of all who knew him there, and espe- cially to the notice and friendship of two of his countrymen, who came afterwards to fill very high stations both in Church and State.J By degrees his abilities gained him so great reputation, that the famous William Carstairs, Principal of the College of * Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 759. f " He was born at his father's house in Aldermanbury, April 5, 1671."— Biogra- phia Britannica. Art. Calamy, (Edmund) I " These were Charles Lord Spencer, afterwards the famous Earl of Sunderland, who was long Secretary of State in the reign of Queen Anne, afterwards held the same post in the reign of King George I. till he was made President of the Council, First Lord Commissioner of the Treasury, and Prime Minister; and Mr. Charles Trimnell, then tutor to Lord Spencer, and afterwards successively Bishop of Norwich and Winchester. With these he maintained his friendship as long as they lived."-'- From the Funeral Sermon upon the Death of Edmund Calamy, D.D. with some Ac- count of his Life and Character, by Daniel Mayo, M.J. p. 20—22. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 843 Edinburgh, invited him to accept of a Professor's chair in that kingdom, having himself been sent over to Holland on purpose to find a person qualified for such an office. But Calamy de- clined this offer, and soon after returned into England.* Meanwhile the affair of Magdalen College was gradually open- ing the eyes of the nation, who, exasperated at conduct which discovered a settled design of planting the Popish upon the ruin of the Protestant religion, began to waver in their allegiance to the King. Churchmen and Presbyterians united to oppose him. A resolution was taken to call in the Prince of Orange. Several noblemen and gentlemen went over to him at the Hague. The Prince and the States-General determined to give the required assistance. And such was the secrecy with which the expedition was concerted, that the detail of it was not known till after it had -.been put in execution.*}- It appears, indeed, that James had frequent notice, during the summer, of warlike preparations making in Holland, but hd was so confident in himself, that he would not give credit to this re- peated information, till it was too late. At last, towards the end of September, when he was assured of the intended invasion by a letter from Louis XIV. himself, conscious both of his past errour and present danger, he began to be alarmed, and published a • general pardort, out of which only Oates and sixteen other indi- viduals were excepted. But, believing his best refuge to be in the Church of England, and trusting that she was still unshaken in her principle of passive obedience, he' sent for Bishop Mews and the other Prelates in London, and desired their advice in the present conjuncture. The day after, being the 3d of October, nine of their Lordships repaired to Whitehall, and delivered the * -From the.account given by Mr. Carstairs himself, quoted in the Biographia Bri- tannica. Ait. Calamy, (Edmund) ■ i f Rapin's History of England, vol. ii. p. 760—770. 5 P2 844 TrtE HISTORY OF result of their deliberations, drawn up in ten articles, one of which contained a recommendation to his Majesty to restore the Pre- sident and Fellows of Magdalen. .And, in consequence of this. Lord Sunderland was ordered to write (which he did on the 11th) to Bishop Mews, that thfc King having declared his resolution to preserve the Church of England and all its rights and immunities, his Majesty, as an evidence of it» commanded him to signify to his Lordship his royal will and pleasure, that, as Visitor of St. Mary Magdalen College in Oxford, he should settle that society regularly and statutably.* On Tuesday the 16th, citations in Latin from Mfcws, to recall Pr. Hough, the former Fellows, Demies, &c. by the second pf November following, were fixed upon the gates of the College and the doors of the Chapel : which papers were carefully watched by Robert Gardner, late porter, who, as he first left the College, first returned to it. But these citations, together with the Bishop's mind, being altered according to subsequent information, he, their Restorer as well as Visitor,, came on Saturday the 20th 4 more like the King than his representative. His arrival gave such satis- faction to the good people of Oxford, that their joy ran over, and the musick of the bells was outdone by the hu2zas of the popu- lace. Attended by more than three hundred gentlemen, some on horseback and the rest in their carriages, as also by an innumera- ble company of spectators on foot, he proceeded from Magdalen to St. John's College, where he took up his quarters among the few remaining friends of his youth. This sun-shine, however, was soon eclipsed ; for the next morn- ing by seven of the clock, he was remanded by an express to wait upon his Majesty ; an incident very pleasing to the Papists, * Sir John Daltymple's Memoirs, vol. ii. quoted by Wilmot in his Life of Bishop Hough, p. 48. merchant-Taylors' school. 345 who readily believed, what they wished, that the King had. recal- led him. Mews paid his visit.. But on Wednesday following he privately returned ; and on Thursday the 34th, about ten in the morning,, he went to Magdalen, where the President, Fellows* and Demies, attended upon him in their formalities. At his en- trance into the quire, he heard an excellent 'congratulatory speech from Dr. Bailey ; after which he performed divine service. Hav- ing thus first devoted himself to God, he proceeded to execute his office as Visitor, observing, that since his Majesty had com- missioned him to restore the former proprietors of the foundation, he was come to re-instate them accordingly, resolving to do it legally and statutably. >ii From the Chapel they adjourned to the Hall,, where Mews, not without great applause, made an incomparable speech, the prin- cipal topicks of which were loyalty and unity, by which he me- rited, as great a trophy for his learning, as he had formerly done for his courage. Then calling for the Statute-Book, he ordered the statute for Visitation to be read by a Notary. After which, sending for the Buttery-Book, and tearing out the last weeks' names of the Popish Fellows, &c. as names inscribed contrary to the regulations of the College, he gave orders to re-inscribe all the old ones except three, who had, in the mean time, been preferred to fellowships in other colleges. Then calling them over in order, his Lordship published and declared Dr. Hough to be Head or President, and the rest the true, legal, and statutable members of that foundation, and none others. For this good service, Hough, in behalf of himself and the rest, returned his Lordship a handsome compliment in a short but pithy speech. His Lord- ship was then conducted to the Visitor's lodgings, where was pro- vided a splendid entertainment, Hough therein shewing as great respect to his Visitor as he could have done to the King. And in the evening the bells and bonfires expressed the satisfaction of the people. 846 THE HISTORY OF Having now bidden farewell to Magdalen, Mews paid visits to Corpus, New College, and Trinity,, at all which houses he was splendidly entertained by the respective societies. Upon Sunday he attended the morning and afternoon sermons at St. Mary's, and next morning departed homewards, much gratified with the reception he had experienced in the University.* But it was not the recall of a few arbitrary proceedings, nor the promise of an act of grace, that could now avail to prevent the approaching revolution. The Prince of Orange landed at Torbay on the oth of November, and on the next day marched to Exeter. And, though he met with little or no encouragement in that city, he was at last joined by the gentlemen of the county. On this he marched to Salisbury, which occasioned great deser- tions in the King's army. Some of the nobility took up arms for the Prince, while the chief officers of the King's army expressed a disinclination to fight against him. The very next day Lord Churchill went over to the Prince. George Prince of Denmark followed his example. And, a few days after, the Princess Anne, putting herself under the care of the Bishop of London, retired to Nottingham, from which place she was conducted to her Lord at Oxford. When the King thus saw himself deserted by his own daughter and her husband, being in the utmost perplexity and distress, and unable to distinguish his friends from his foes, he was inclined to put himself into the hands of Archbishop Sancroft, or Bishop Mews, and accordingly sent a lady, in whom he could confide, to those Prelates, to know if they would receive and secure him ; but they likewise were in no little embarrassment, from the clash- ing claims of loyalty to their Sovereign and attachment to the * See an Account of the late Visitation at St. Mary Magdal. Colledge in Oxon published Novemb.l, 1688, fol. merchant-Taylors' school. 847 Church, and therefore they neither accepted nor rejected the motion.* Shortly after this, the King, by retiring into France, abdicated his throne ; but, by still persisting in pretensions to it, threw his kingdoms into great confusion, and caused great uneasiness to some of the worthiest and most conscientious of his subjects. The island of Great Britain, indeed, generally speaking, soon submitted to the government of the new Monarch. But Ireland was far from following the example, and became the theatre of war and bloodshed. Bishop Hopkins had now resided seven years at Londonderry, and continued to do so till the forces under Talbot the Papist, lately raised to the Earldom of Tyrconnel, stood up about this time in defence of King James against King William. Driven from bis post by the circumstances of the times, he re- tired into England, and experienced a fate extremely singular.; Notwithstanding his learning and worth, there was no preferment provided for him on this side the water. And, notwithstanding the indelibleness of the episcopal character, he was suffered to pass the remainder of his life in the humbler path of parochial ministration.-f- On the 31st of March, 1689, Bishop Mews, who, after duly con- sidering the important question, on which so many good men difr fered, had resolved to transfer his allegiance to William III. and had taken the oaths accordingly,.!: assisted at the consecration of Dr. Burnet to the See of Salisbury by virtue of a commission from Archbishop Sancroft, who refused to perform the ceremony hin> self.§ By this time Sclater had recovered from his delusion; and, £.7^ * Atterbury's Correspondence, vol. i. p. 493. t . Wood's Athense, vol. ii. col. 85 1 . t Ibid. col. 1 1 79. § Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, Ed. 1758, 8vo. vol.xiii. p. 109. 848 THE HISTORY OP on the 5th of May, being Rogation Sunday, he made a publiek recantation of the Romish religion, and was retaken into the bosom of the English Church in the Chapel at the Savoy, the sermon on which interesting occasion was preached by Burnet, the newly-consecrated Bishop of Salisbury.* But we must now turn our attention to hail the dawning of fu- ture greatness. William Dawes,-]- the youngest son of Sir John Dawes, Baronet,;]: at this time a scholar of St, John's College, * Wood's Athenae, vol. ii. col. 1083. ■j* He was born September 12, 1671, at Lyons, (a- seat which came by his mother) near Braintree ; and received the first rudiments of learning at Mer chant-T aylors' School in London from Mr. John Hartcliffe and Mr. Ambe. Bonwicke successively masters of that school : under whose care he made great proficiency in the knowledge of the classics ; and was a tolerable master of the Hebrew tongue, even before he was fifteen years of age. In Act Term 1687, he became a scholar of St. John's College in Oxford ; and after his continuance there two years or upwards _was jnade Fellow . — Preface to the Works of the most Rev. Father in God Sir William Dawes, Bart, in 3 Volumes, 8vo. Lond. 1733, p. i. &c. and Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1088. % That family was once possessed of a very large estate : and Sir Abraham, Wil- liam's great grandfather, was accounted one of the richest Commoners in his time, and, in splendor and magnificence of housekeeping, lived up to the port of any noble- man. But, in the time of the civil wars, the family adhering to the Royal cause, suffered great losses and depredation in their fortune. An estate of theirs, particu- larly, in Lincolnshire, was sequestered to the value of £\500 per annum, and the family seat at Rowhamptou in Surrey, where the furniture amounted to several thou- sand pounds, was plundered. To make the family some sort of amends, K. Charles II. created, in 1663, Sir John, (the father of William,) a Baronet, in memory of past services and sufferings, and especially as an acknowledgment of the several considera- ble sums of money, transmitted by him and his father (Sir Thomas Dawes, Knt. who was educated at Merchant-Taylors', and died 5 Dec. 1655) to the Royal family, during their exile. Sir John was a person of excellent qualities, every way suitable to the dignity he was promoted to ; but his exaltation to honour would not have so well become the depression of his fortune, had it not been his happiness to marry a lady of a very plentiful one, Jane, the daughter and only child of Richard Hawkins, of Braintree in the county of Essex, Gent, by whom he had several children, and, among the rest, three 40ns, whereof William was the youngest. — Preface to the Works of the most Rev. Father in Gad Sir William, Dawes, Bart. m3 Foiumei, 9\ r o. Lond. 1733. p. iv — viii. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 849 Oxford, under eighteen years of age, wrote a poem, entitled ' An Anatomy of Atheism.' It has not, indeed, all the perfections of a poetick composition. A luculency of fancy and pomp of ex- pression may, perhaps, be thought wanting in it. But then it has this more than equivalent excellence, that the arguments against the existence of a God are distinctly stated, and then answered in easy diction, adapted to the comprehension of every common reader.* While this amiable youth was thus doing credit to his school at St. John's, his two schoolfellows, Hugh Bodlter-jt and Joseph Wilcox,^ were doing the same at Magdalen College, where, on the 23d of July, they had the honour of being chosen Demies at the same election with the elegant and accomplished Joseph Ad- dison. Erom the extraordinary merit of these young men, this was commonly called by Dr. Hough, President of the College, " the Golden Election." The Charterhouse justly boasted of her * He kept it by him till August 1695, when he published it at London, in 5 sheets qtrarto, dedicated to Sir George Bfcrcy, Bart.— JVefaee to the Works of the most Rev, Father in God Sir William Dawes, Bart, m 3 Fohmts, 8vq. Lond. T733, p. Hi. •f Hush Boulter (says the editor of the Biographia BritaBnica, from, memoirs communicated by one who was most intimate with him from his youth to bis death) was born in or near London, of a reputable and estated family. His father had an estate near Oxford, and in houses and grotind-rents in the Minories and Ciipplegate, London; as also in Bermondsey in Southwark, and in Kensington in Middlesex; all which he enjoyed to the time of his death, subject to a few small incumbrances left on them by his father. Having received his first rudiments of learning at Mer- chant-Taylors' School in the metropolis, where having with a quick proficiency got through grammar learning, and such parts of knowledge as are usually taught in schools, he was admitted from thence a Commoner in Christ Church, Oxford, some .time before the Revolution. His merit became so conspfeuoas there that inDmediafely after that great event, he was elected a Demy of Magdalen College.— Art. Boulter, a (Hugh") ^^l^iui-t^^^ ftwz/M^K'' % " Jos.Witcoxbora lgDeeem. 1673, admitted ioto MeKchafit-Taylors' Schoole Sep. 1683, ordinat. diac. jEd. Xti. Oxon, lSJtlftii, l?tt, Ymdmt. SJ.Maii, 1702."— Rawlimon's MSS. ™*-**9 W*- c^^^Ujl^m), ut< 5 Q 850 THE HISTORY OF Addison, and Merchant-Taylors' of her Dawes, her Boulter, and her Wilcox. Parliament being now engaged in reversing the illegal proceed- ings of the late reign, Oates availed himself of the general indignation, to apply to the Lords for a reversal of the two judg- ments against him on the point of perjury ; for which, it is cer- tain, he had suffered more by the cruelty of the Papists than any other man ever endured with life. The Lords, after hearing the opinion of all the Judges, and the counsel at the bar, ordered that the judgments against him should be reversed. And, accord- ingly, a Bill of Reversal, which had passed the Commons, was read twice in the Lords, and sent down to the lower House, but with an amendment, providing that, till the matters, for which Oates had been committed, were determined in Parliament, he should not be received in any Court as a witness. This proviso occa- sioned a memorable conference on the 29th of July between the two Houses, and produced heats likely enough to come to a dan- gerous height, if they had not been allayed by the adjournment of Parliament. And all that Oates was able to obtain in this Session, was his discharge from confinement, and an address from the Lords, at the desire of the Commons, requesting the King to grant him his pardon. The King complied with their request on the 20th of August, and moreover allowed him a pension of three pounds a week.* Thomas Sayer, Doctor in Divinity, succeeded his schoolfellow Oliver in the Archdeaconry of Surrey, and was installed on the 28th of September.-f In the course of which month, like- wise, the singularly fated Bishop Hopkins was elected by the parishioners of St. Mary Aldermanbury in London, to be their * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xiii. p. 247—249. t Le Neve's Fasti, p. 293. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 851 Minister in the room of Dr. Strafford, promoted to the See of Chester.* On Monday the 28th of October, Goad concluded a life, dis- tinguished by no inconsiderable share of talent and moral virtue ; and, on the Wednesday following, he was buried among the graves of his relations in the Church of Great St. Helen's in London.f Nor can we deny the Roman Communion the honour of having gotten from us in him a very learned and pious man.:]: Soon after there were published several elegies on his death. One was writ- ten by his great admirer James Wright, of the Middle Temple, * Wood's Athenae, vol. ii. col. 851. f Besides his principal work already mentioned, (page 838,) he published, — h 1. Several Sermons, as '< "h *H/«' ? * \*t' m , an Advent Sermon, preached at St. Paul's^ on St. Luke, xxi. 30.' Lond. 1664, qu. * Tldnx im^u^ns, Sermon of the Tryal of all Things, preached at. St. Paul's, on Thess. v. 21.' Lond. 1664, qu. &c— 2. ' Gene- alogicon Latinum, A previous Method of Dictionary of all Latin Words (the Com- pounds only excepted) that may fruitfully be perused before the Grammar, by those who desire to attain the language in the natural, clear, and most speedy way, 8cc. fox the use of the Neophyte in Merchant-Taylors' School.' Lond. 1676, oct. sec. edit. — 3. ' Declamation, whether Monarchy t be the best form of Government.' This is at the end of a book, entit. ' The English Orator, or Rhetorical Descants by Way of Declamation.' Lond. 1680, oct. written by William Richards of Trinity Coll. in Oxon. About the time of his death was published of his composition, — 4. ' Autodidactica, or a Practical Vocabulary, being the best and easiest method, yet extant, for young beginners to attain to the knowledge of the Latin Tongue.' Lond. 1690, oct. And after his death was published under his name, — 5. ' Astro-Metereologia sana ; sive Prin- cipia Physico-Mathematica, quibus mutationum aeris, morborum epid&nicorum, cornetarum, Terra motuum, aliorumque imigniorura natura effectuum ratio reddi possit.' Lond. 1690, qu. with his picture before it, very much resembling him while living, aged 62, an. ,1677.— He also wrote a book ' Concerning Plagues, their Natures, Numbers, Kinds, &c.' which, while in printing, was burnt in the dismal conflagration of London, an. 1666. Among Mr. Ashmole's books, MS. 367, is a Diary of the Weather at London, from July 1, 1677, to the last of October, 1679, by this Mr. Goad.— Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 839. Strype says, that for some time Goad presented King Charles with monthly accounts of every day's wind and weather. % Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part 11. p. 118. 5Q2 85S THE HISTORY OP Esq.* But the most remarkable was by the celebrated Joshua BARNEs,f of Cambridge, who had received at MercharnVTaylors' * It begins thus :— " Goodness inspire me, while I write of one, Who was all goodness ; but, alas ! he's gone, &e." Wootfs Aihem, vol. ii. col. 839. t " An Elegy on the death of the Reverend Doctor John Goad, late Master of Merchant-Taylors' School, London, who departed this life the 3£th. of October, 1689. By Joshua Barnes, B.D. " Can then a father of our Israel die, And none step forth to sound an Elegy ? No son of all the prophets bring a verse, T' adorn the holy, venerable, herse. Not one of those, whose all to him is due ; Who from his cistern sacred waters drew : Of those, whose oracles are now so sought, Who at this great Gamaliel's feet were taught. Yet none is found to offer at his shrine, But I ! And I but this poor mite of mine J Tis all, I may yet this I'd rather do, Than prove forgetful and ungrateful too. Tho' small the offering ; tho' but weak and faint ; Great the devotion is ; more great the saint. Hail ! Sacred Manes ! once a foyl to vice, Now a fair Scyon set in Paradice ! There happy thou eternal joys dost find : But we unhappy, whom thou'st left behind. Unhappy we, depriv'd of strength and head ; Our chariot and our horses hence are fled ; And Vertu's in despair, now Goad is dead. Goab^s loyalty in (l)Pharian darkness shin'd, Nor could state-tempests shake his constant mind. Th' Oxonian (2)Baptist gave him all his store Of learning ; yet from him received more. Fair flocks of chosen youth, whose rip'ning years, Took happy culture from his tutoring cares. (l) Egyptian. (2) St. John Baptist's Coliedge, Oxon. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 853 the rudiments of that learning in which he afterwards so excelled at the Grammar School of Christ's Hospital.* Nor doth the Grantian muse less glory owe To heads, whose seeds of wisdom Goad did sow. Long since fair Isis and the goodly Came Bemoan'd their loss ; when they were told by Fame, What envious fate remov'd him from the (l)place; Whence still he us'd to send a learned race, That joyntly did both Came and Isis grace. Had they but us'd less cruelty, and rage, Secur'd his quiet, and sustain'd his age, . That without want he might have look'd for fate ; Their sin and shame had not been then so great. But who can fathom the eternal mind, Or the deep counsels of th' Almighty find? Ev'n he, whose charity was match'd by none, Was now by Charity herself undone ! For surely he had heap'd up no small store, Had he but — liberally sustain'd the poor : But this great man magnificently — brave, — Nowght for his own support, but Hope would : Like (^Philip's son : The rest he freely gave.' Surely the comforts of his soul were great ; And vast the bliss he gained after fate : For small rewards of Charity he found On this side Heaven : But sure his faith is crown'd With full fruition now. There raptures flow ; There plenty doth in full abundance grow ; There endless, boundless joys his spul embrace, And bliss shines bright before th' Almighty's faee. Go, blessed saint, enjoy that peace above, That candid spirit and that strifeless love, Which thy calm soul foretasted here below, And griev'd and sigh'd j that all men did not so. save, > (1) Merchant-Taylors' School, Sec. (?) Ale*. M. on his expedition into Asia, distributed all his patrimony among Ha friends, saying, he left Hope for himself. 854 THE HISTORY Of The King, having promised the Dissenters, not only in his decla- ration, but also when they addressed him at his first coming, that he would endeavour to get them comprehended in the Church, re- solved to obtain this boon, if possible, from the Convocation which was to meet during the next Session of Parliament. But, as it was thought necessary to prepare and digest matters beforehand, a special commission under the Great Seal was given to ten Bishops and twenty Divines to draw up a scheme of what might. Harmless thy days, blameless thy life did pass ; Learning and piety thy pleasure was ; The languages from thy wise lips did flow; And Heaven's high secrets thy vast mind did know : Air, earth, seas, fire, thy wisdom did define ; And Fate's dark revolutions could divine. Yet he was meek, and humble, and content ; Little sufnc'd, where heavenly things were meant : Nought here he sought, nor did his hope lye here ; Upward he aim'd ; he'd laid his treasure there. Learn hence, base Worldlings ! that so doat on dross; What seems your gain, was unto him but loss : He laid aside the heavy, golden, load ; Then flew to Heaven ; where now's his blest aboad ; Learn hence, base Worldlings! think on glorious Goad."' London, printed Anno Domini 1689^ * As the reader may probably be surprized at no further notice being taken of Barnes in this volume, I take this opportunity of stating that the principle on which I have acted in all cases of divided education, (except such as are especially pro- vided for in Note §, p. 789,) has been not to interfere with the claims of other pub- lick schools, especially where they, and not Merchant-Taylors', happened to prepare the youth for college. The object of this Work is not to obtain for Merchant-Tay- lors' any reputation to which she is not fairly entitled, nor does she stand in need of any equivocal testimonies to establish her claim to continued credit and usefulness. And on this principle it is that I have forborne to dwell upon such names as Joshua Barnes, Peter Heylyn, and others of equal celebrity, because those distinguished characters went directly to the University from other schools, to which they were in- debted for the completion of their education. •S MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 855 be done to gain the Separatists without doing any prejudice to the Church. Great care was taken to name the Commissioners so im- partially, that no exceptions could lie against them. Professor Hall and many others argued, that if, by a few corrections or explanations in the Liturgy all just satisfaction was offered to the chief objections of the Dissenters, there was reason to hope it would bring over the generality of them to the establishment ; while Bishop Mews and some more contended, that too much had already been done for the Separatists, and that to alter the customs and constitution of the Church, to gratify a peevish and obstinate party, would only render them more insolent. In short, Mews and those who were dissatisfied with the design, either withdrew from the commission, or came very seldom to the meet- ings. When the Convocation met on the 21st of November, the lower House immediately discovered their disposition by choosing for their Prolocutor, Dr. Jane, Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford, a man who, so far from thinking of a comprehension, Would hardly own the reformed abroad to be true Churches, much less the Dissenters at home, and who had concurred throughout with Mews in his opposition to the scheme. By all their pro- ceedings, the lower House showed an utter dislike to the business for which they were assembled. And, therefore, the King was advised to suffer the Session to be discontinued, in which we can- not but observe the direction of Providence, since, if the pro- posed alterations had been made, the non-juring Clergy, who ad- hered to the old Rubrick and Liturgy, would have increased in numbers and influence.* On the 16th of December^ Archdeacon Crowther died in the Fleet, having been thrown into that prison by Sir Thomas Draper, for refusing to renew a corps, which he had a design to run out * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xiii. p. 287—291. 856 THE HISTORY OF for the benefit of the Church. r He was buried in St. Paul's Cathe-* dral.* >W/ -^ 'Mt*/fity/Pjfflf± f r ^r Z56 f p. The Parliament having met on the 20th of March, 1690, the first great debate that arose in the House of Lords was upon a bill being brought in, acknowledging William and Mary to be right- ful and lawful Sovereigns, and declaring all the acts of the Con- vention Parliament to be good and valid. The first part passed with little contradiction, though some excepted to the words right- ful and lawful, as not at all necessary. But the other article, declaring the acts of the last Parliament to be good and valid, bore a long and warm debate; after which, however, the bill passed. Bishop Mews and many other Lords entered their, pro* tests against it. But their reasons of dissent were ordered to be expunged from the journal, against which another protest, was entered as against a proceeding unprecedented in the history of the House of Lords.-j* c^Wu/kt^y^ Wright, Vicar of Okeham, who, for the sake of quietness and solitude, had refused several preferments in the Church after the restoration of Charles the Second, died, in a good old age, on Friday the 9th of May, and was, on the Sunday following, buried in the Church, which had been the scene of his Chris- tian eloquence for so many years. It is, said that, almost to the last, he retained no inconsiderable degree of that exact pronun- ciation, which in early life had gained fojm the countenance of Juxon. He was a professed advocate for conformity, no favourer of sectaries or conventicles,, and therefore not beloved by the Dis- senters, with whom his parish abounded. His life and conversa- * Le Neve's Fasti, p. 505, and Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, Part If, p*5U,SJ t The other protesting Peers were Somerset, Rqckester, J. Jermyn, Westmorland, H. London, W. Landaffe, Huntingdon, Abingdon, Tho. Menev. Feversham, W. Asaph, Scarsdale, Weymouth, Dartmouth, Nottingham, Wigorn. — Tindal's Continu- ation of Rapin, vol. xiii. p. 34.2. . .. :•'■ -a MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 857 tion we're sober and reserved. He was very beneficent to the widow and the fatherless, and regularly gave to them and other objects of charity, not less than the twentieth part of the value of his living.* 7h ^ iC) *"* '***"( Iffy}* V-J*-7r- z 7 $r On the Ipth of June, died Bishop Hopkins ; and, on the 24th of that month, he was buried in the Church of St. Mary Alder- manbury.-f- He was a Prelate, whose name still ranks high in the * Besides the works already noticed, he made a Collection of Poems, which he en tit. ' Parnassus biceps, or several choice Pieces of Poetry, composed by the best Wits that were in both the Universities before their Dissolution.' Lond. 1656, oct. The epistle before them in the behalf of those then doubly secluded and sequestred Members was written by the Collector Weight, and the verses of his composition in the said book are in pages 1, 54, 121, 122, 126, and 128. But his learning is prin- cipally to be seen in ' A Practical Commentary or Exposition upon the Book of Psalms, wherein the Text of every Psalm is practically expounded according to the Doctrine of the Cath. Church, in a Way not usually trod by Commentators ; and wholly ap- plied to the life and Salvation of Christians.' Lond. 166 1, fol. &c. And ' Practical Commentary upon the Pentateuch, or five Books of Moses.' Lond. fol. Besides these he left an imperfect collection towards the completing ' A Practical Commentary on the other Parts of the Bible.* But they never came before the publick Eye. Our author left behind him a son named James Wright, born at Yarnton, near to and in the county of Oxford, in the house of James Stone, father to his mother Jane, entered in 1666 into the Society of New Inn near London, from whence he removed three years after to the Middle Temple, where, at the end of the usual time of study, he was called to the har, and became an author. — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. eol. 844, 845. rrM ° '**"' P^frbftl*- 2^2-7f-Z7S"- f " He had an elder brother named John, Bach, of Arts, of Wadham Coll. who died before he took the degree of Master, and a younger called James, Bach, of Arts, of Corp. Ch. Coll. who dying also before he was Master of Arts, in Oetob. or there- abouts, an. 1663, was buried at Hackney, near London. They were all three comely and ingenious persons, and beloved of their cotemporaries in thek respective colleges. Ezekiel Hopkins hath written several Sermons, as (1) The Vanity of the World, on Eccles. i. 2. Lond. 1661, oct. (2) Serm. at the Funeral of Algernon Grevill, Esq. second brother to the Right Hon. Rob. Lord Brook, who departed this lite Jul. SI, atMagd.Coll. in Oxon, and was buried at Warwick on the 6th of August, 1662, on Eccles. fx. 5. Lond. 1663, qu. (3) Sermon preached at Ch. Ch. in Dublin, Jan. 31, an. 1669, on 1 Pet. ii. 13, 14. Dubl. 1671, qu. All whieh were re-pnnted at 5 R 858 THE HISTORY OF estimation of many members of our Church. And, though his authority is not unfrequently quoted, in support of certain fana- tical ideas of regeneration and assurance, he is not to be conT founded with the abettors of modern enthusiasm.* About this time, William Sherard,-|- Fellow of St. John's, Oxford, was accompanying Lord Viscount Townshend in his travels, which gave him an opportunity of gratifying his favourite passion, and of forming connections with the most celebrated characters on the Continent, such as Herman, Boerhave, and Tournefort. J While yet young he was skilled in English botany ; and, although his publications are few, there is no doubt that he had bestowed Lond. 1685, oct. (4) Serm. on John vii. 19. (5) Serai, on Gal. iii. 10. These two last were printed. at the end of the Exposition following. — ' An Exposition, on theTen Commandments.' Lond. 1692, qu. Published in the beginning of Aug. 1691, with his picture before it, by the care of Dr. Edw. Wetenhall, Bishop of Cork and Ross, author of the Epistle before it, dated at Peckham Place, 1671. ' An Exposition of the Lord's Prayer, with a Catechistical Explication thereof by way of Question and Answer, for the Instructing of Youth.' To which is since added some Sermons on Providence, and the , excellent Advantages of reading and studying the Holy Scrip- tures.; Lond. 1692, qu. A Second Vol. of Discourses or Sermons on several Scrip- tures, Lond. 1693,. oct."- WW's ^W„ vol.ii. col. 85,1.**^ ***' *"** V 2 87->* * Mant's Bampton Lectures, pp. 373 and 454. t " William Sherard, or Sherwood, the son of George Sherwood, of Bushby in Leicestershire, was born in 1659, and educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, till he was entered at St. John's College, Oxford, in the year 1677. Of this College he became a Fellow, and took .the degree of Bachelor of Law, Dec. 11, 1683."— Pul- teney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 141 . % Sherard " is said to have been the author of a book published under the name of Samuel Wharton, ' Schola Botanica; sive Catalogus Plantarum quas ab aliquot annis in Hprto Regio Parisiensi Studiosis indigitavit Jos. Pet. Tournefort.' Amst. J689, 12mo. It was reprinted in 1691 and 1699., If,. indeed, Sherard was the author of this book, he must have attended the lectures of Tournefort three several seasons. It contains a rude sketch of Tournefort's method of Botany, exemplified, in a large catalogue of plants ; among which are innumerable varieties* some new species collected by Tournefort himself in the Pyrenaean Mountains, and, others introduced by the care of M. Fagon."— Pultenetfs Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 143. . MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 859 great assiduity in the study of English plants. Of this, there is sufficient evidence in the obligations which Ray acknowledged for assistance in his « History of Plants.'* He had travelled early into various parts of England, and was ever attentive to make discoveries. He had made the tour of the West as far as into Cornwall. He had searched the Island of Jersey, and communi- cated a list of plants to Ray, for insertion in the first edition of the ' Synopsis.'-f- Calamy, who, on arriving in England, had gone to Oxford, carrying with him letters from Professor Graevius to Pocock, Pro- fessor of Hebrew, and Bernard, Professor of Astronomy, in that University, was received by them with great civility. By their recommendation he obtained permission to prosecute his studies in the Bodleian Library, an advantage which he made the utmost use of during his residence in that seat of learning. Nor was he less fortunate in enjoying, while there, an intimate acquaintance with the learned Dodwell. By this time he had taken the reso- lution of applying himself particularly to divinity, which he did with great steadiness and industry. After studying the scriptures with some attention, and acquiring no inconsiderable knowledge of Ecclesiastical History and the works of the Primitive Fathers, he began to inquire into the controversies which had of later years agitated the Church, particularly that between the Church of England and the Non-conformists. For a long time he kept * The learned Mr. Ray mentions him with honour in several of his books : — " Gul. Sherard, ob eximiam Rei herbaria? scientiam non immerito Celebris et ob suavis- simos etiam mores ab amicis nobis commendatus." — See Preface to Ray's ' Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Britannicarum,' Sfc. Lond. 1690, octavo. And again, " Supple- mentum ad Catalogum prsecedentem Stirpium quarundam rariorum, ab eruditissimo viro totiusque Historiae naturalis, sed imprimis rei botanicae Gul. Sherard, in pere- grinationibus suis per Galliam et Italiam observaturum, Sic."— See Ray's ' Stirpium Europe, cum extra Britannias nascentium Sylloge,' fyc. Lond. octavo, p. 398, &c. t Printed in 1690.— Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, p. 143. 5r2 ggO THE HISTORY OF his determination suspended, and employed himself in reading what had been written on both sides. But, at length, on grounds which we are not acquainted with, he resolved to join himself to the latter.* In 1691, Professor Bernard was presented by his good friend and patron Bishop Mews, to the rich rectory^oX^nghtwell in Berkshire. That benefice lying but about mine nailes from Oxford, he could conveniently reside at either place, according to the dif- ferent seasons of the year ; and for that purpose he was persuaded by his friends to keep his house in Oxford. Soon after he re- signed his professorship, after having enjoyed it eighteen years, and was succeeded therein by David Gregory, Professor of the Mathenaaticks at Edinburgh .-f- About the 12th of June, Hall, Margaret Professor of Divinity at Oxford, was nominated to siacceed Dr. Ironside in the See of Bristol,^; with liberty to keep his mastership who bad last year been appointed Repetitioner of the "Easter Sermons at Oxford, distinguished himself in town by a sermon on Publick ^Baptism, which he afterwards published with a i Postscript, occasioned by a conference, which the Bishop -*f London held with his City Clergy, on that subject, in the Ora- tory of St. PauTs.f In 1693, Archdeacon Waple published a Paraphrase .on the Apocalypse, entitled ' The Book of the Revelations paraphrased, with Annotations on each Chapter, whereby it is made plain- to - * Preface to his Works, p. xii— xi v. f WoodVUhenaj, vol. ii. coh 1106. *P/V*-* *//* *- 5s 866 THE HISTORY Or the meanest Capacity/* It was a subject to which he had pro- bably turned his thoughts soon after his admission at College,f and which had engaged his attention for near thirty years. So that if he failed as a commentator, it must be attributed to the mysterious nature of the book he selected rather than to any want of ability or application. At any rate he was fortunate in the conjuncture he chose for publication. The great earthquakes, which had taken place in various parts of the world, made those who studied apocalyptical matters, imagine that the end of the world was at hand.J * " Edward Waple, jil. Christophori W. Londinensis nat. IS Oct. 1647, admiss. Schol. Merc. Sciss. 3 Jun. 1656, matriculat 3 Jul. 1663, A. B. 7 Maii, 1667, A. M. 15 April. 1671, S.T.B. 20 Jun. 1677, Archidiaconus Taunton 22 Ap. 1682, Prabend. Eccles. Wellens. et Vicarius ad pr&sentat. Colteg. S. Sepulchri, Londin. instit. 24 Jul. 1683. Obiit, 8 Jun, 1712. eLsepultus in exteriore Capella Collegii. Ante obi turn clam edidit Kbrumin1^^^fat4(^Mfn>lv/ ll L i q ' The Book of the Revelations paraphrased, with Annotations on each Chapter,, whereby it is made plain to the meanest Capacity.' Lond. 1693, 4to. republished with a new title by his executor, in 1715." — Rawlinson's MSS. 652". f There is a MS. in folio, on this subject, in Sion College Library, which, among other presumptive proofs, from a Comparison of the Letter A. in Armageddon, p. 389, with the A. in Act. Lips, written by Waple on a fly leaf of Kabala denudata, T-i* C. 4, 9, appears to be in his hand. The date at the beginning is Nov. 11, 1664, and at the end Sept. II, 1665. If this, indeed, is Waple^, who went to College in< July, 166:3, it shows how early he began to make collections out of the authors whom he read on the subject he proposed for his future labours. It may be proper to add,, that the MS. in question came into the Library with the collection of books which he bequeathed to it. % " In the beginning of September (1692), there was an earthquake felt in most places in England, particularly in London ; and in many parts of France, Germany,, and the Netherlands. About two months before, most terrible earthquakes happened in Sicily and Malta, which were represented as the most dreadful of any mentioned in history. It was estimated that about one hundred thousand persons perished by them in Sicily. About the same time an earthquake also shook the island of Jamaica^, and almost totally ruined the town of Port Royal : so that, besides the damages, no less than fifteen hundred persons perished in it."— Tindal's Continuation of Rapin,. Tol. xiv. p. 35. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 86? t Sherard, who had accompanied Lord Viscount Townshend in^ his travels, had discharged his trust with so much reputation, that he was afterwards invited to take the charge of Wriothesly, grandson of William, first Duke of Bedford. He made this se- cond tear to the Continent with equal satisfaction to the noble family who confided in him, and was, as I conjecture, about this time on his return. He communicated to Ray a Catalogue of Plants, which he had remarked on Mount Jura, Saleve, and the neighbourhood of Geneva, which was published as a Supplement to the * Sylloge Stirpium Europaearum' of that great Naturalist. After this he passed some time in Ireland with his friend Sir Arthur Rawdon, whose garden at Moyra was then an object of curiosity, from the plants with which it had been stocked from Jamaica.* Sir William Dawes, having taken his Master of Arts degree/* but not being of age to enter into holy orders, thought proper to visit the estate which he was now become owner of, and to make a short tour into some other parts of the kingdom, which he had not yet seen. But his intended progress was in some measure stopped by his happening to meet with Frances, the eldest daugh- ter of Sir Thomas D'Arcy, of Braxtead Lodge in Essex, Baronet, a fine and accomplished woman, whom he paid his addresses to, and not long after married .+ In this event there was nothing that could excite a moment's wonder. But it was the forerunner of one that caused no little astonishment, the marriage of the philosophick Bernard, who, on the 9th of August, was united to a handsome young lady named Eleanor Howell, descended from the Princes of that part of Wales, which was anciently called Ceretica, the present Cardiganshire. % * Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. pp. 81, 14«. ■f Preface to his Works, p. xvi. % Wood's Alliens, vol. ii. col. 1084. 5 s 2 8^8 THE HISTORY OE In the month of August, 1694, Markland,. Prebendary of Winchester, was made Master of the Hospital of St. Cross near that city, on the death of Dr. W. Harrison.* And soon after Richard Caijntrelx. was collated to the Prebend of Decern Librarum in the Church of Lincoln, in which he was installed on the 21st of November. In the year 1695 died Humphrey Brooke, who soon afterhe had taken his Doctor's Degree, about the time of the Restoration, had become a Member of the College „of Physicians,f and prac- tised with considerable reputation in the metropolis. He died very rich, at his house in Leadenhall-street, in the seventy-seventh year of his age.ijj Sir William Dawes, having now come to a competent age, was. ordained Deacon and Priest by Dr. Compton Bishop of London; in reference to whichj he was often heard to say, that when he laid aside his lay habit, he did: it with the greatest pleasure in the world, looking upon Holy Orders as the highest honour that could be conferred upon him.§ In September, 1696, Bernard, though he had been for some time afflicted with the stone, and almost worn out with infirmities, * Wood's Athense, voh ii. col. 1085. t It appears from the books; of the College that he was not fully admitted till the 15th of April, 1674. % Humphrey Brooke, "Lond. Gen. Fil." admitted Commoner of St. John's College, Oxford, 1636, Bachelor of Arts, 22d April, 1640, and Master of Arts and Bachelor of Physick, 8th December, 1646. " Soon after he had' taken this- last degree, he came to London as a practitioner, and published A Conservatory > of Health t comprised in a plain and practical. Discourse upon the Six Particulars necessary for Man* Life; 1st. Aire,— %d. Meat and Drinke, 8$c— London, 1650. On the 19th of January, 1660, he was admitted to the Degree of Doctor of Physick, and was shortly after chosen a Member of the College of Physicians, London." Waodls Fasti, vol. ii. col. 126. § Preface to his Works, pp. xvii* xviin merchant-Taylors' school. 86'9 resolved to take a third voyage to Holland, accompanied only by his wife, in order to be present at the sale of Golius's Manuscripts, which were now selling by auction, in consequence of Golius's executors having unwisely refused a very considerable sum, which had been offered them for the whole library twenty-eight years before, by the University of Cambridge. Of these manuscripts he purchased a great number, at the request and expense of Dr. Narcissus Marsh, Archbishop of Dublin. The eminent worth and learning which distinguished Lowth, recommended him to the favour of Bishop Mews, who continued to be the kind Patron of St. John's College, and who not only made him his Chaplain, but also conferred on him a Prebend in the Cathedral Church of Winchester, in which be was installed on the 8th of October.* Far more rapid* however, was the rise of a royal favourite. Too young to take his degree in the ordinary way, Sir William Dawes was created Doctor in Divinity by a Mandate from the King, in order to qualify him for the Mastership of Catharine Hall, to which he was unanimously elected upon the death of Dr. John Echard. At his coming thither he found the bare case of a new Chapel, begun by his predecessor ; to the finishing and fitting up of which, he contributed very liberally. And not long after he became Vice-Chancel lor of Cambridge, a dignity which he dis- charged with universal applause.-f- But his great step in the road to preferment is to be traced in the following occurrence. In a Sermon preached at Whitehall, on the 5th of November,^ he pleased the King so well that his Majesty sent for him, and without any manner of solicitation gave him a Prebend of Worcester,! * Le Neve's Fasti, p. 580. f Preface to his Works, pp. xxi. xxviii. xxix. % The first in his posthumous Works, 3 vols. 8vo, § Browne Willis, in his ' Survey of the-Cathedrals,' vol. i. p. 674, says, that he was not installed till the 26th of August, 1698. QJO THE HISTORY OF with this short compliment, that the thing indeed was but small, and not otherwise worth his acceptance, but as it was an earnest of his future favour and a pledge of what he intended for him.* Turning, however, from the bright prospect which was thus opening on our young Doctor, we must notice the decease of three Merchant Taylors', to whom about this time the dignities, the controversies, and the literary acquirements of their school-fellows, ceased to be objects of consideration. The first who went to man's long home was Ward, Archdeacon of Wilts and Preben- dary of Gillingham Major and Teynton Regis cum Yalmpton.-f* The next was that eminent non-conformist William Crompton, formerly of Christ Church, Oxford, who, during the civil wars, was sometime Chaplain to a regiment in the service of the Par- liament, and afterwards obtained the living of Barnstaple, which he held until his ejectment for refusing to comply with the Act of Uniformity. After which, being, as it is said by one of his biographers,^, an inoffensive man, he was suffered to live with his people, and preached in a Meeting till his death. But this cha- racter is a more favourable one than what Wood, who had no great idea of his peaceableness, has left on record respecting him.§ The last was Bernard, who after six or seven weeks stay * Preface to his Works, p. xx. f Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy. % The editor of the Biographical Dictionary, Edit. 1798, oct. vol.iv. p. 380. § " William Ckompton, son of a father of both his names, was born at Little Kymbell in Buckinghamshire, became a student of Cb. Ch. by the authority of the Parliament Visitors, An. 1648, took the Degrees in Arts, and became Minister of Colurnpton in Devonshire, where continuing till after his Majesty's restoration, was ejected for non-conformity, lived there, and sometimes at Exeter, carrying on at those places, and elsewhere, a constant course (if not hindred) of preaching in Con- venticles, especially in 1678, 79, &c. when the Popish plot broke out, and the faction endeavoured to obtain their designs by it, when then he preached in despight of authority, as also when King James II. and King William III. reigned. He hath pub- lished, MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 871 in Holland, returned to London, where having continued about a fortnight to refresh and recover himself from his voyage, he removed to Oxford about the end of November. There he imme- diately fell into a languishing consumption, attended with a dysentery, which put an end to his life on the 12th of January following, before he was quite fifty-nine years of age. Four days after he was interred in a very solemn manner in St. John's College Chapel, his pall being held up by six doctors, among whom were his former colleague Dr. Wallis and his successor Dr. Gregory, and his corpse attended by the Vice-Chancellor and Heads of the " Treatise of Prayer ; wherein are discovered the Nature and Necessity of fervent Prayer, many Objections answered, several Cases of Conscience resolved, with mo- tives which powerfully urge to the Performance of this Duty from this Text, James v. 16. Lond. 1659, oct. " A Remedy against Idolatry : or, a Pastor's Farewell to a beloved Flock, in some Preservatives against Creature Worship. Lond. 1667, oct. " Brief Survey of the old Religion ; which- may serve as a Guide to all Passengers, yet Members of the Militant Church,, desirous to know and keep, among divers ways, the good old Way to Heaven. Lond: 1672, oct. " A Wilderness of Trouble, leading to a Canaan of Comfort ; or the Method and Manner of God's dealing with. the Heirs of Heaven in the Ministry of the Word, &c. Lond. 1679, in tw. " Sovereign Omnipotence, the Saint's Security in evil Times, discoursed and con- cluded from Rom. iv. 17, IS. Lond. 1682, oct. " The Justice of God asserted in seeming contrarient Providences, and vindicated from the Cavils of corrupt men under- them. — This is printed with ' Sovereign Omnipo- tence, &c.' " The Foundation of God, and the Immutability thereof, laid for the Salvation of his Elect, with infallible Signs and Marks of Election, which may serve as a Store- house of Comfort to religious Minds in this Season of Danger felt and feared, &c. Lond; 1682, oct. " One Mr. Crompton wrote ' An Exposition on the fourth Article of the Apostles' Creed,' Lond. 1658, or thereabouts, in odt. but whether it was written by our Author Wm. Crompton, I know not, because the title.of the said book was not sent by him to me among the titles of those books which he had written and published, in his letters dated at Columpton, in Oct. 160.1, and on the 27th of Aug. 1694."— Wootfs Athena, rol. ii. col. 3038. §72 THE HISTORY OF University. A monument of white marble was erected for him by his widow, in the middle of which there; is the form of a heart carved, circumscribed with these words, according to his own direction a little before he died, ' HABEMUS COR BERNAR- DI -;' and underneath, ' E. B.S.T. P. Obiit. Jan. 12, 1696,' which is also repeated on a small square marble under which he was buried.* The works he published were as follows: — L l 'Camn pracipaarum e Stellis jixis secundum Sherard was making his third tour on the Continent. In April, he was at Geneva, from which place he dated his preface to Herman's * Paradisus,' for the publication of which work the learned are not less indebted to the editor than to the author. Sherard met with many difficulties in reducing Herman's papers to order, but his industry surmounted them, and the book made its appearance the following year.-f- Meanwhile Edwards removed with his family, from the more retired part of Cambridgeshire, to Cambridge itself, for the con- venience of the University library.^ It is remarkable that, not- withstanding his numerous publications, he never possessed any books of his own, some bibles, lexicons, dictionaries, and otheF works of a similar nature and constant use, excepted. The Uni- versity and College libraries furnished him with all the classic authors, and Greek and Latin fathers, and indeed with whatever related to ancient learning. These he either perused in the places where. they were kept or had them brought to his chamber; and Jiis method was, from the early part of his life, to make adversa* * See Wood's Athenae, vol. ii. col. 1084, and Testimoma etElogia, &c at the end of Dr. Bernard's Life by Dr. T. Smith. . f Under the title -of « Paradisus Batavm, continens plus> centym Plantas affabrl Mre inti&asy el Descriptionibus illmtratas.' 4to. Lugd. Bat. 169&. The preface con* tains an account of other works of Herman.— Pulteney's Sketches- of, Botany, vol. ii. p. 144. % Edwards had often- been solicited by his friends to take his degree of; D:D. but he did not comply with their motion till 1699- In 1701,. he lost his wife; and, after what his biographer calls a due and decent distance of time, he married again. The person he made, choice of. was Catharine, niece of Alderman Lane, a lady who had Jbeen brought up several years under the first Mrs. Edwards before her marriage to the Doctor. This second wife survived her husband nearly 39 years, and died Jam 4. 1 74A, aged 81.— Biographia Britarmica. Art. Edwards, [John] 878 THE HISTORY OF ria and collections out of the books which he read, and all along to frame notes, observations, inferences, and reflections on them, and to extract remarkable passages from them, reducing all to the particular heads on which he designed to treat. He never had a common-place book. With regard to modern authors, his prac- tise was to procure the loan of them from the booksellers, at the price of sixpence for an octavo, a shilling for a quarto, and two shillings for a folio. By this good husbandry he was forced to read the works which he borrowed within the time prefixed ; whereas otherwise he might perhaps never have perused them tho- roughly.* In October died Blechendest, Prebendary of Peterborough,f the friend and correspondent of Bonwicke. On the 3d of March, 1698, died Levinz, President of St John's..]: He was buried in the Chapel, and succeeded on the 12th of that month by William Pelaune, Doctor of Divinity.§ The other candidates were Alexander Torriano, Professor * Biographia Britannica, Art. Edwards, [John] f " RichardBlechynden, fil. Sac. Bl. not. Londin. 1647, matriculat. 14 Jul. 1665, A.B. 27 May, 1669, A.M. 22 Mar. 1672, Presbyt. Md.Xti. 3 Dee. 1677, S. T. B. 5 Jun. 1679, a Collegia prasentatus ad Sector, de Creek irvCom. Northamp. et installatus in Precbendam sextant Ecclesia Petriburgensis 1 1 Feb. 1685-6. ,Qbiit avud Creek et sepultus in.cwndterio ejusdem Ecclgsi&JlO Octobris, 1097. / He has Ar*"******* "^\>^-A^^ ^^^F^?^hTt77-' / ' Two useful Cases resolved.— 1. Whether a Certainty of being in a State of Salva- tion be attainable? — 2. What is the Rule by which this Certainty is to be obtained?' Lond. 1698, quarto, published after his death. " A copy of a former edition printed at London for Henry Bonwicke, at the Re4 Lyon in Paul's Church-Yard, 1685, is in the Bodleian Library, with marginal nqites in the hand-writing of Bp. Barlow, who judged many things in it erroneous, and, to a doubting person who shall rely upon it, pernicious." — Samlinson's MSS. $ " He wrote ' Appendicular de Rebus Britannicis,' placed at the end of a boofc entitled ' Flosculi historici delibali, nunc delibatiores facti, fyc.' Gxon,. 1663, in l2mo. 5th Edit."— Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. col. 16S. ^ Wood's History of College*. and Halls by Gutch, p. 546. merchant-Taylors' school. 879 of Astronomy in Gresham College,* and Lowth, Prebendary of Winchester. But Delaune carried the election by Lowth resign- * " Alexander Tohriano descended from a very ancient and illustrious fa- mily in Italy, the origin and genealogy of which to the year 1600 is related by Francis Sansovino. He tells us that the family of the Torriani is said to have come from Flanders, but by tradition to have sprung originally from the royal blood of France. One of which progeny going into Burgundy married an heiress to a Lordship in that dutchy, which is there called della Torre, from whence he also was stiled Monsignior della Torre. He had two twin sons, who, by one of the Emperors, were driven into Lombardy, where, advancing themselves by marriage, they became Counts of Val- sanina and took their arms, which is a lion ; but still kept their former name of Sig- niors della Torre. Others of the same family afterwards took the ancient arms of Burgundy, which were a tower-gules in a field argent ; to which some others added two cross lilies ; and others an eagle sable in a field or above the tower, retaining the lilies. Pagano, great grandson of one of the twin brothers, was Governour of Milan in the time of the Emperour Frederic the Second, where he settled with his family; and was afterwards made Vicegerent and Commander of the Milanese by the Empe- rour Rodolphus, who began his reign about the year 1270. Several of them were afterwards Lords qf, Milan, and inlarged their government by the addition of other neighbouring places. They appear to have been numerous, and divided into several branches, which spread themselves in those countries. But they, who continued in Burgandy, used to reckon themselves of the same blood with those of Milan. " From what particular branch of this noble family Alexander TqrriAno sprang, I can give no further account, than from the arms now born by his relations ; which are a tower gples in a field azure, with the heads of the cross lilies or appearing above the tower, and over them an eagle displayed sable in a field or. But he used to say, the field -was formerly argent, and brought the family armes so emblazoned^ from Italy* His grandfather, Alexander Torriano, was an Italian Priest, a man of great learning and piety ; who, abhorring the barbarities practised in the Church of Rome, upon notice given him of an intended massacre of the Protestants, not only warned them of their danger, but contrived the escape of great numbers. He fled himself likewise with his relations, wham, though pursued several ways, Providence •saffered not to be overtaken ; and afterwards they all turned Protestants. In what part of Italy, or at what time, this inhuman cruelty was projected, I can get no cer- tain account ; though history acquaints us with several such massacres in the two last centuries. But, as to Mr. Torriano, he took sanctuary at Geneva,, where he mar- ried ; and, in the year 1620, came from thence to London with his family, where he bed a. son bora, named George, November the 20tb, that year 1 , and baptized at the Church in the Savoy. And he was hiniself chosen Minister, of the kalian Church in 880 THE HISTORY 01? ins in his favour. Francis Lee, however, one of the Fellows,- had great reason to lament Lev in z's death. Though, on refusing to take the oaths to William and Mary, he had retired from College, and applied himself to the study of medicine at London, .he had nevertheless been indulged by the Society with the profits of his fellowship. But regard for one of the candidates bringing him to the University at this election, he thereby brought down expulsion on himself, the opposite party not being otherwise able to get rid of his vote.* Torriano was more fortunate: for, on the 19th of London, which, as Mr. Strype informs us, ' begun in the time of King Edward the Sixth, was continued under Queen Elizabeth, and had the favour of the state for the tiberty of religious worship, for such Italians as embraced the reformed religion; whereof there were many residing in that city, both merchants and others, that had fled hither from some part of Italy, where the gospel had been preached, but was now persecuted.' At this time it seems probable that they met at Mercers' Chapel in Cheapside, from a sermon preached there in 1617, by the Archbishop of Spalato, which bears this title: * Predica fatta da Mom. Merc. Antonio De Dominis, arciv. di Spalato, la prima Domenica dell' Annento quest', anno l6i7, in Londra, nella cappella detta delli Mercian (ck' i la chiesa degl' ItuKani) ad essa, natione Italiana : In Londra, appresso Giovanni Billio, l6l 7-" Mr. Torriano had two other sons, one of them, whose name was John, improved the Italian and English Dictionary of John Florio, and added to it a second part in English and Italian, which was printed at London in 1659. The other, named Alexander, was a Physician. George, the eldest^ was put apprentice to a merchant in 1656, and became afterwards very eminent in that pro- fession himself. He had three sons, Charles, Alexander, and Nathaniel; of whom the first and third were bred merchants under their father. " Alexander was born the 2d of October, 1667, at Wandsworth in Surrey, and having been educated at Merchant-Taylors' School in London, was eleeled thence to St. John's College, Oxford, where he was entered at Midsummer 1685, and was after- wards a Fellow of that College. Upon the 31st of July, 1691, he was chosen Astro- nomy Professor in Gresham College, in the room of Mr. Daniel Man. And, Novem- ber the 30th following, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. On the 3d of April, 1 603, be took the degree of Bachelor of the Civil Law.— Several of the family are yet living in good reputation and esteem ; and John, the son of Charles, elder brother of the Professor, is now (1740) a merchant in London."— Ward's Lives of the Professors, p. 117 — 11 9. * " Franciscus Lee, educat, SchoL Merc. Sciss, Londin. elect scholar, m Coll. Di. Joan. Bapt. 1679, A.B. 9 Maii 1683, et A.M. 19 Martii, 1686, deinde ob recusa'tum merchant-Taylors' school. fc&1 that month* the Eart of Manchester feeing appointed Ambassador to Fraroce, took him with him as his ■Chaplain.*- Omtfoe 3d of May Edwar© Lilley, Fellow of St. John's, was chosen Senior Proctor of the University of Oxford ; and on the 3d of October he was elected 'Reader of ^Eoral Philosophy .--j' At*d, on the l^th of the last nawed month, Thomas Hov,}. Doc- tor of Physick and Fellow of St. John's, who had practised with great credit at or near Warwick, was appointed Regius Professor of Medicine.^ On the 10th of November Sir William Dawes was collated by Archbishop Tennis©** to the Rectory ; and, -on the l p. 20. •f " From that time he followed* his- studies so close, that, in the space of eleven months, he had read over all Dionysius's Periegesis, Virgil to the ninth Book of JEneis, all JElian's Varia Historia, all Terence, fifty Hebrew Psalms, a great part of Seneca. QIO THE HISTORY OF He fixed to himself a weekly course of study,* and within less than a quarter of a year after his coming he was chosen scholar the Philosopher, all Burgefsdicius's Logick, all the Fasciculus P'raeceptorum Logfco- rurri, Oxon, and half andther' Logick Book, all Bnssiere's Flosculi Histbri'ci, all Pin- dar's Olympic Odes, and the four first of the Pythian, the Lives of the'first three Emperors in Suetonius, five Books of Pliny's Epistles, the Dialogue De Oratoribus by some ascribed to Quintilian, by others to Tacitus, the first Book of Ascham's Epistles, the first Volume of Plutarch's Lives, the first Volume of Lord Clarendon's History, and some other books-; arid this not hastily or perfunctorily, but he made his observations as he read them, and 'transcribed Excerpta out of several of them" into his Adversaria. Be'sides these, ori Holy days he read books of piety, and on Sundays no other, having in the forementioned space of eleven months read all Thomas a Kempis de Imitatione Christi, the Whole Duty of Man, some Pieces of Ket- tlewell, Brome on Fasting, almost all Nelson's Festivals and Fasts, a Book which be had a great value for, and which he quickly purchased after his arrival' at St. John's; besides several chapters in the Greek Testament and other parts of the Holy Bible. He had moreover in this time translated into English a Latin Sermon of Dr. Henry Byam's, preached before the Clergy at Exeter, at the Triennial visitation of Dr. Joseph Hall, Bishop of Exon ; arid Erpenius's Epistle to the Reader before his Edition of Ringelbergius, and Erasmus de ratiorie Studii ; had made fotfr and twenty Greek or Latin Themes, eighteen Copies of Latin Verses, with some Greek, three Latin Epis- tles, and three Epitomes, one of which was of the first part of Eustachius's Ethicks* and transcribed into a paper book among his other exercises. Besides all this, his practice was, for his improvement in the Greek tongue, to take the Latin translation of an author, either prose" of vel'se, arid turn it himself into Greek,' either prose of verse.; and dividirig his pape* book iritb two columns, in one of them he wrbte Ms own version, and in the other the author, that so he might see wherein he Ml short of the original. And thus had he, in the aforesaid space of eleven months, imitated a hundred verses of Theognis, four epigrams of Theocritus, and eleven dialogues of Leedes's Lucian, from the beginning in order, omitting only the eighth and the tenth (which he had done before he came to the University) and concluding with the thir- teenth. And all this> notwithstanding his constant attendance on all the exercises of the House, and his tutor's private lectures. But he was an excellent husband of hjs lime, rising often at four of the clock, and sometimes earlier, very rarely exceeding six, and that only when the College prayers were later than ordinary ; and never, if he was well, going to bed till near ten." — Bonwicke's Pattern for Young Students. * As appears from a letter he wrote to his father, 14th Sept. l 1710,— " My tutor (says he) did not talk to me about a method, &c. as I hear is customary 5 but I have MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 911 pf tfeefiottse, j&nd the very worthy. Maater, Dr. Gower, told him, jt (WtSS his regular and .good behaviour that got him that prefer- ment, and Avas the likeliest means to get him more.*' Upon this good success our pious youth did not " sacrifice to his net or burn incense to his drag," fcut gave the glory of it to God aione,f (thinking it convenient) proposed to myself one, viz. on Tuesdays and Thursdays ,$\ .day,, and Saturday mornings, which are pur logick lecture days, to read logick only, as being what I most need ; Monday mornings Greek prose, chiefly Hierocles, as being re,ad at .lecture after dinner: When that's done, the rest of the afternoon I. in- tend to turn the translation pf a Greek author, prose and verse, by turns, into Greek ; Wednesday morning Latin prose, afternoon Latin verse; Friday morning Greek verse, .afternoon Hebrew ; Saturday afternoon Hebrew, and holy duties. If you think fit to make any additions or alterations, pray send 'em. I think also to make what h» calls a Pommoo-Place-Book, in which to write observations." — Bonwicke's Pattern for Young Students, p. 25. * On this occasion a very worthy member of that House wrote thus to his father. " Rev. Sir, Nov. 16, 1710. " I ^wjjsh I had been in St. jJoha's to have received you when you brought your son, who I am glad gives us so very great .hopes of his being a credit to the .society. He brought me your kind letter the day after , the election was, over, and found me yery ready ,t,o give him joy, of his success, w f hich was better than his tutor. .aj\d I first expected. He is chosen into a scholarship, the value of which ,w,ill he, .while corn holds a good price, pretty considerable, and was this Jast year to his pre- decessor ippre than double the yalue pf the exhibition he was to have had, which, I presume, J\Ir. ^MJPtey tpld ypu was five pounds. Himself or his tutor may .have eiveji ypu some .accpunt of it.alrejdy, but might ,ript be able to give you so exactly, jfte .yalue of it. His (exj^bifticm jypuld ,have lasted no .longer than till he is .Batchelor of .&rte, but hjs s^chqjajrshjyp till .Master; ^r the reading those many excel- lent books which are daily published in that language concerning all sorts of learning, he betook himself to thestudy of it after the Christmas holidays were over, under the direction of a French master : and was so good a proficient-, that in a short time he could read a French author, ;. and having purchased the Bishop of Cambray's Telema- chus and Boileau's works, he had read more than five books of the former before his second journey into Surrey."— Bonwicke's Pattern for a Young Student, glS THE HISTORY OP " W Stt/Sbs, President of Sion College, preached before the Londoft Clergy, at their annual election of Gdvernours* About thife time died CAUNTRfi'tt, Prebendary of Lincoln.* And, oft Whitsunday the 8th of June, died WaPle, Archdeacon of Taunton, in the sixty-fifth year of his age. On the Saturday following his body was buried-, according to his last request, in the outward Chapel of St. John's College* Oxford, where a white rnarble tablet Was afterwards set up by his kinsman and executor, Mr. Robert Waple,-j~ with an inscription composed by himself.j. Having, in his life time, given his College the sum of three hun- dred and fifty pounds to maintain a preaching lecture for the ad* vantage of young students in divinity, Fellows thereof] he further bequeathed to them at his death the sum of £S50 more, to main- tain a catechetical lecture in the said College, after the method and manner of the catechetical lecture* which is settled in Baliol, to be paid them as soon as they agreed upon the purchase of an * " RiCHARb CAtJNTiiELL collated to the Prebend Decern Librai'ata in the Church of Lincoln, and installed 21 Nov. 1094. Buried lih&fe. Ric. Caunthell, olim Coll. D. Joan. Bapt. Oxon.'Sacius, «c deinceps hujus ^Eceteskfe CaftOfiicus etVicarius, Obiit X Calend. April. 1712." t See the Preface to his Stfrmdnis, % " Hie jacet Edoardos Waple; Hujus Collegii qnondaa Socius, Christi Minister indignissitntfs, sno Meritb peccatorum maximus, Dfei gratia paenitentium fninitrnis. Inveniat MfeeficbfdJata in illb die. Stet Lector pajnitentialis haec Tafeella. • ! Obiit viii Junii, A.D. MDCCXII. ; '>«'■ ' • .Etat. LXV." '-"'I <^'< '•'■'• MERCHANT^TAYLORfi' SCHOOL. 919 estate in land of the value of «£700 ; and when the College had purchased such an estate in land, and procured both those lec- tures to be ratified by the Visitor ; he willed also that .£500 more should be paid by his executor, in order to purchase the per- petual advowson or presentation to a benefice with cure of souls ; earnestly requesting and beseeching them to dispose of jthe saijl benefice, when it should fall, to such an one only of the Fellows as they should verily believe in their consciences to be duly qua- lified for so weighty an office and work as the cure of souls. And for this end he made it his request, that that clause of his will, by which this donation is conferred, should be entered iojtp ttye re- gister of the College* and read whenever the living is to be disposed of. And, because London had been the plaee of his birth, school edu- cation, and ministry, put of a grateful remembrance of the favours he had therein received from Qod, Jbe gave a very large and curi- ous collection of books, which, at great expense, he had been for several years amassing, to the library of Sion College in this city, desiring the President and Governors of that College to accept of them, and to sell those books, pf which they should ,have already better duplicates, and to purchase other books with the money Jbhey should receive for those of his, which tliey should think fit to part with. He also gave £200 towards repairing and beautify- ing the inside of St. Sepulchre's Cjburch, and =£,100 to he dis- tributed amongst twenty poor inhabitants Q f tiiat parish, of which he Jiad mway years feea&n ^icar. And he iga,ve threescore pounds per armum to the parish -of ISt. Sepulchre after the death of &., near relation, in c£se he died without issue.* The Archdeacon * 'See his will, which "begins with the -following preamble : — " In the name of God, Amen! I, Edward Waple, Clerk and Vicar of St. Sepulchre's Parish in London and Middlesex, do make, p.rdain, and constitute this my last will, revqlqng all others whatsoever :— First, I recommend myself, whole spirit, soul, apd body into the hands of God, humbly beseeching him through Xt. our blessed Redeemer, to be merciful, 920 THE HISTORY OF was, in the opinion of a cotemporary writer, a great man, though almost unheard of in the world. He left many valuable manuscripts behind him.* But of them only three volumes of sermons have been given to the publick.-f' to me at the hour of death, and in the day of judgment. I profess myself to die in the belief of the Christian faith, and in consent to its righteous, just, and holy laws, deploring my manifold breaches of them, and earnestly begging forgiveness at the hands of God and man. I profess myself to be in union with the whole Catholick Church of Christ and in of external communion with it, (as I am at pre-? sent with the Church of England one part of it,) but lamenting its imperfections and divisions, and the manifold deviations of the whole Church from its true pattern ; and earnestly desiring, waiting for, and expecting a purer Church State and the glorious Kingdom of Christ ; even so come Lord Jesus, come quickly. I desire to be buried (if it may conveniently be) in the outward Chapel of St. John Baptist's College in Oxford, decently, but without any funeral pomp, which I always disliked, and that a marble tablet be fixed on the wall near my grave, with this inscription." — See above. * See S. Wesley's Advice to a Young Clergyman, p. 48. f Thirty sermons preached on several occasions, Lond. 1714, (2d edition 1729) oct. — Three sermons on the Necessity and Usefulness of searching the Scriptures, on St. John, v. 39- — The Objection concerning the Obscurity of the Scriptures, on 2 St. Pet. iii. 16. — St.Jamesl, verse21. — Proverbs, xiv. 24. — Prov.xiv.8,9. — St.John,viii.34. — Deut.xxxii. 5.— >Sl. John, v. 16, 17- — St.John,xvi. 8. — Ps.l. 21. — Acts, iii. 10. — Acts, xxvi. 20. — Two on Acts, iii. 19. — Micah, vi. 6, 7. — Four on Micah, vi. 6, 7, 8.— Genes, v. 24. — Genesis, xxii. 24, 25, 26. — St. John, iii. 1, % 3< — St. John, iii. 3. — St; John, iii. 4, 5. — 2 Corinth, v. 17. — Coloss. i. 28. — 2 Tim. iii. 17. — Ephes. iv. 30. — 1 Cor. xii. 6. — St. John, vi. 44. — St. John, xiv. 6. 2d vol. Lond. 1718, oct. — 1. Of the Wisdom of understanding our latter End, on Deut. xxxii. 24. 2. Of Christian Practice, and the Happiness of it, on St. John, xiii. 17. 3. Of God's Calls by his Word, Spirit, &c. preached on Whitsunday, Rev. iii. 20. 4. and 5. On the Parable of the Prodigal Son, on St. Luke, xv. 11, &c. 6. Confession and forsaking of Sin, necessary Condition of Par- don, Prov. xxviii. 13. 7. Directions for th« young Convert and prog, in Conversion, Ps. cxix. 9. 8. Of Fasting, on St. Matth. xvii. 21. 9. and 10. Of Temptation, on Ephes. vi. 11. 11. and 12. Of Self Examination and , on 2 Cor. xiii. 5. 13. and 14. Of family Prayers and family Instruction, on Gen. xviii. 19. 15. Of the Nat. of Prayer, and what is meant by application in the Spirit, on Eph. vi. 8. 16. merchant-taylors' school. 921 +M^ Archer, Prebendary of Wells and Rector of North Petterton, * Somersetshire, having, by his modest behaviour, the care he took of his little flock at his country living, his application to the business of Convocation, his excellence in composition, his ease in preaching, and, above all, his firm and steady adherence to the principles of the Church of England as by law established, eiFectually recommended himself to the favour of his very worthy diocesan Dr. Hooper, was by him, on the 26th of July, preferred to the Archdeaconry of Taunton.* On the 30th of August, To'r- riano was collated to a prebendal stall in the Church of Lincoln.-f* And, on the 27th of September, Bishop Dawes was appointed, by her Majesty's letters patent, one of the Commissioners for building fifty new Churches in and about the metropolis. Of frequent Prayer, especially Morning and Evening, also of Mental Prayer, on St. Luke, xviii. 1. 17- Of the goodness, necessity, and benefit of Prayer, Ps. xcii. 1, 2. 18. A Disc, of visiting the Sick. 19. Of the Duty of Praise, a Thanksgiving Ser- mon, on Ephes. v. 20. 20. Of the Duty of Christians in exhorting one another, Heb. x. 25. 3d vol.— 1 . Of the Worth and Value of the Soul, on St. Matth. xvi. 26. 2. Of Wor- ship inward and outward, Rom. xii. 1. 3. 4. Of Preparation for the Worship of God, Eccles.v. ]. 5. Of Meditation, Psalm, i. 2. 6. Of Humility towards God, St. James, iv. 10. 7. 8. Of Humility, or having sober Thoughts of ourselves, Rom. xii. 3. 9. Of Child-like Humility, St. Matth. xviii. 4. 10. Of Selfishness, and Man's Dei pendance on God, St. John, xv. 5. 11. Of Conscience, Rom. ii. 15. 12. Of Afflic- tions, Ps. cxix. 71. 13. Of the good and Benefit of Afflictions, Ps. cxix. 71. 14. 'Of the several States and Sorts of Christians, 1 St. John, ii. 12, 13. 15. The States of Christians, exemplified by historical Passages in the Scriptures, Eph. ii. 21, 22. 16. Of being dead in Sin, and of the natural and spiritual Man and Life, Eph. ii. 4, 5. 17. Of Sincerity, and the Notes of it, 2 Cor. i. 2. 18. Of Obedience to all the Commandments of God, Ps. cix. 6. 19- Of the Salvation purchased by Jesus Xt, St. Matth. i. 21. 20 Of Industry in the Practice of Religion and civil Duties, Ecqles. ix. 10. , , . He was likewise said to be author of a book published under Goad s name after h.s death.— Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1085. * Rawlinson's MSS. No. 45. f « Collat. Prab. Stow LindseyEccles. Lincoln, 30 Aug. 1712. -Rawhnsons MSS. No. 341. 6b £22 THE HISTORY OF Towards the end of the year, young Bonwicke, having ob- tained leave from his father, made him a second visit ;* and for almost three months, in the severest part of the winter, contributed much to his relief in the labours of his school. * " In about a year's time from his return from Headley to the College, he had read over Whitby's Ethics, Thirlby against Whiston, Burgersdicius's Ethics, Curcel- laeus's Ethics, Puffendorf ' De Officio Hominis et Civis,' Sanderson * De Obligatione Juris et Conscientiae,' the four last books of the iEneis, Eustachius's Ethics, and a second time, as far as the passions, the greatest part of Collier's Essays, the eight last Pythian Odes of Pindar, and the six first Nemaean, half Vossius's ' Partitiones Ora- toriae,' Grotius ' De Jure Belli et Pads,' Ray's ' Wisdom of God in the Works of the Creation,' Allingham's ' Use of Maps/ ^Euripides's Medea, and 357 verses of his Phaenissae ; Milton's Paradise Lost, 122 Epigrams of Martial, a chapter out of the Greek Testament every day for eighteen weeks, 39 Hebrew Psalms, all Sallust, Thomas a. Kempis, Brome of Fasting, Whole Duty of Man, and Nelson, all a second time, on Sundays and other holidays; the lives of Caligula and Claudius in Suetonius, five books of Pliny's Epistles a second time, and three more added to them, more than five books of ' The Adventures of Telemachus' in French, about a third- part of Hierocles's Comment on Pythagoras's Golden Verses, the Prologue and first Satire of Persius, the two first Catilinarian Orations, that for Milo, and the two first Philippics, the first volume of Echard's Roman History, Howell's Epistles, Tyrrell ' Of the Law of Nature, and against Hobbes,' part of Clerk's Physics, and Cheyne's ' Philosophical Principles of Religion, with other books. During which time he also made 26 Greek or Latin Themes, 11 copies of Verses, 6 Theses, 6 Latin Epistles, two Declamations, 6 Epitomes, a great many arguments in Ethics and Physics for Disputations, and, added* to the former Excerpta in his Adversaria many observations and phrases out of the aforementioned authors. He had likewise, according to his former method, turned part of the Version of Musaeus into Greek verse. And for Demosthenes's Oration de Rep. ordinanda, he did something more, first transcribing above half of it into Latin ; and dividing his Paper Book into three columns, he wrote that Version in the middle, and then, turning it again into Greek, writ that on one side of his Latin Version, and Demosthenes's Greek on the other side. After the same manner he translated part of Quintilian's first Oration de Pariete palmato, and part of Tally's Offices into English, in which sort of Translations he was generally very happy, and then returned them into Latin, opposing them to the authors in his Paper-Book. The same method he made use of for mastering the French, turning part of Telema- chus into English, and back again into French, and then comparing his Version with the author. Besides all this, he had, at the motion of his best, friend, undertaken -the translating a small Tract of Bp. Henshaw's into Latin; The title of it isj. ' Spaie MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 923 On the 22d of February, 1713, Delaune, President of St. John's, preached at St. Paul's, London, before the Lord Mayor and Aldermen. The subject of his sermon was ' Original Sin,' which he treated in so popular a manner that a second edition of the discourse was called for within the current year, and two more afterwards.* About this time, Calamy published his second edition of his * Abridgment of Baxter's History of his Life and Times,' in which besides several considerable additions in the margin, by way of confirmation and elucidation, and an account of several contro- versial writings on both sides inserted in their proper places, there is a continuation of the history through the reigns of King Wil- liam and Queen Anne down to the passing the occasional bill last year. These additions contain, among other things, some ac- count of the concessions of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners in 1689, the behaviour of the Dissenters after gaining their liberty, their differences among themselves, and their treatment from the Church of England ; the whole controversy about occasional con- formity ; the differences of the members of the establishment among themselves about the nature, power, and privileges of Convocations, &c. with a representation of the substance of se- veral treatises about toleration, church power, liberty, and various ecclesiastical matters that were published between 1688 and 1711. And in the close he subjoined the reformed liturgy, Avhich was drawn up and presented to the Bishops in 1661, that the world Hours of Meditations.' The good man giving him the book, took occasion from hence of advising him, not to suffer even such parts of his time as came under that denomination to pass away useless ; and he, who paid the greatest deference to all the counsels of so prudent and so kind a patron, gratefully accepted the book and the advice, and immediately applied that little spare time he had left to this translation,, and by this time had gone through 45 pages, for the most part very well, though some places were difficult-"— Bonwicke's Pattern for young Students, p. 75—79- * Rawlinson's MSS. No. 66. 6b 2 924 THE HISTORY OF might judge how far all the ejected ministers were to be considered as irreconcileable enemies to all liturgies.* On the 13th of May, Alexander Torriano resigned his Pro- fessorship of Astronomy at Gresham College.-f- And, on the 10th of June, his younger brother, Nathaniel Torriano, distin- guished himself in the House of Commons, while the treaty of commerce, concluded at Utrecht between Great Britain and Trance, was under consideration. J In opposition to her Ma- * This edition was published in 1713, in two volumes, 8vo. and dedicated lo the Duke of Devonshire. •J- Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 1 19. J " On the 10th of June, the Queen came to the House of Peers, and the Com- mons attending, her Majesty gave the Royal assent to the act for continuing the duties on malt, &c. The Commons having returned to their house, and having re- solved themselves into a grand Committee upon the bill relating to the treaty of com- merce, the Spanish, Italian, and Portugal merchants, and the weavers of London were admitted to be heard upon their several petitions. Mr. Torriano, who spoke in behalf of the Spanish trade, having animadverted on the eighth and ninth articles of the treaty of commerce, and mentioned the tenth and eleventh as relating to the two former, some Court members were offended at it ; and after he had done speak- ing, moved the Committee, that a mark of their displeasure might be set upon him. But General Stanhope, Mr. Lechmere, Sir Peter King, and Mr. John Smith, said, ' That, unless they gave the merchants full liberty of speech, the house would never be able to form a right judgment on that important affair ; and they hoped that no man should be reprimanded for standing up for the trade of Great Britain.' This, with a noble spirit, which appeared in the house on behalf of the merchants, by the great number of members, both Tory and Whig, who all at once stood up to defend Mr. Torriano, made the courtiers drop that matter; and then Mr. Wyat spoke for the Italian merchants, Mr. Milner for the Portugal trade, and Colonel Lekeux for the London weavers. The merchants being withdrawn, the Speaker resumed the chair ; and it was resolved, That the grand Committee should the next day consider further of the bill, and that the other petitioners be then heard. It was also ordered, That the ministers of the Levant Company, and all memorials, petitions, representations, schemes of trade, and papers relating thereunto, that were either before the commis- sioners of trade and plantations, or before the commissioners of the customs, relating to the trade between England and France, be laid before the house." — >TindaPs Coif tinuation of Rap in, vol. xviii. p. 90. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 925 jesty's ministers, he shewed the consequence of opening the French trade according to the treaty in so strong and clear a light, as to convince even them, who discouraged his speaking, of the destruction that must inevitably have fallen on our country, had the eighth and ninth articles of that treaty been carried into effect.* Before the close of the Session, however, on the 16th of July, Sir William Dawes, more fortunate than the Ministry, ob- tained an act of Parliament for annexing the first Prebend of Norwich, which should become vacant, to the Mastership of Ca- tharine Hall for ever.-j- The conscientious^ and studious§ Bonwicke, desirous of see- * The British Merchant, Preface, p. x. •j- Preface to his Works, p. xxviii. X " His conscience was very tender, and he preserved that tenderness by the daily examination of himself; so that the sins of omission, which generally are so little re- garded, notwithstanding that procedure of the last day, which our blessed Lord gives us in the 25th of St. Matthew, goes wholly upon them, could not be endured hy him, but were as duly repented of as those of commission; and Upon any difficulty he had recourse to his good friend and neighbour, Mr. Roper, who was able and wil- ling to give him satisfaction. His father was at a greater distance, and therefore he could not so readily consult him ; but as we find him once before advising with him about the observation of the College Statutes, so in a letter about this time he pro- poses a case to him, which shews his great concern to do the utmost of his duty, and not to be guilty of any sinful omission. The letter bears date, May 29, 1713; wherein, after some other matter, he thus proceeds : — ' I desire your advice in this particular case : at St. Mary's there is a sacrament every month, and their time for receiving is after the University sermon is over, between 11 and 12 o'clock. I have of late, upon seeing the Holy Table prepared, had some doubts whether I am not obliged to com- municate there, though I have done it but three hours before in our own Chapel. My main argument, with which I think I have pretty well satisfied myself that there is no such obligation incumbent on me, is the practice of the Apostles and Primitive Church, whom I never read to have communicated twice a day, unless with a sick person, or on some such extraordinary occasion, and whom J take to be the best judges of the extent of our Saviour's command, and best to understand His institution of the Holy Sacrament ; and therefore hope that in me, who have received but just before, it is no criminal turning my back on the altar. Besides, I do not take St. 92$ THE HISTORY OP ing his friends in Surrey again, and of assisting his father in that time of the year, when he apprehended he would most need his assistance, now made them the third and last visit. It was in the beginning of October, while the coaches continued to go through in a day ; on which account he rose by three o'clock, but was not in London till past seven in the evening, and by that means caught some cold, which turned afterwards to an ague, a distemper to which be was too subject. Yet, not regarding the fatigue occa- sioned by his journey, he went to the House of God that night, and joined in the publick service ; and, according to his constant practice, was twice a day at Church while he continued in town, except only one evening when he was sick in bed. On his arri- val at his father's, he betook himself heartily to the business of the school, notwithstanding his illness, which in a short time took a milder complexion. But though he recovered of his ague, Mary's to be the proper place for scholars to receive at, who must be supposed to have sufficient opportunities in their own Chapels. Be pleased to let me know if you think these arguments sufficiently grounded ; and if you have any others to add, pray let me have them ; or if, on the contrary, I am in an error, and am obliged to receive the second time, pray let me know it.' In his father's answer, I find no more than this : ' As to the other point, I think you have determined it very well, and have nothing to add." — Bonwicke's Pattern for young Students, p. 87 — 91. § " He had for about eight months from his return out of the country, kept very close to his studies, though I cannot give so full an account of them as I have given for the two former years. I find extracts out of Suicei's ' Compendium Philosophise,' Rohault's Physics, Derham's Boyle's Lecture Sermons, Mr. Hughes's Edition of St. Chrysostom de Sacerdotio, and Dr. Hammond on the New Testament, in which last he read very often. The extracts out of him relate chiefly to the use of the Greek words, and are entered in an alphabetical order among those out of other Greek authors, Hammond's English being turned into Latin. He read also at the same time Sir Norton Knatch- bull. He had likewise, for his improvement in the French, translated the begin- ning of Mons. Boileau into English, which remains in one of his Paper-Books; and in those others in which he kept the first draughts of his exercises, I find 16 Greek or Latin Themes, 2 Theses, 4 Copies of Latin Verses, 2 Latin Epistles, and one Declamation, within the aforesaid space of eight months." — Bonwicke's Pattern for young Students, pp. 95, 96. merchant-Taylors' school. 927 he was often indisposed, which yet hindered him not in his duty either to God or man. Nay, he seemed always more concerned for his father's indisposition than for his own ; and though he too much neglected himself, yet would look upon him at times with the greatest tenderness, and press him to take something, or use some diversion, that might make him better. The same un- feigned love and respect for his aged sire he shewed upon one par- ticular occasion, which offered itself during the time of his being at Headley. One of the boys deserving punishment was called out to it, which he not complying with, his father took him by the hand, and he making shew of resistance, this most dutiful son immediately, uncalled, ran with the greatest zeal and eagerness to his father's assistance, as not being able to bear any thing that looked like an insult on his person or authority.* * " I find by his papers about this time, he took up the custom on Sundays and other holidays, of singing Bishop Ken's morning hymn as soon as he awaked, after which he got up to his devotions. And this, no doubt, he did in the same devout manner he was always observed to join in that seraphic Prelate's evening hymn, which used to be sung at his father's on Sunday nights. He was always very strict in keep- ing that day holy, and would not allow himself so much as to write a letter on it with- out necessity, but prepared on the Saturday what was to go by that day's post. He was generally first of the whole family ready for Church, whither he delighted to go, and was troubled when the badness of the weather obliged his father to perform the service at home. Besides his constant attendance on the public service either at Church or in the family, he often retired to his private prayers, usually four times in the day, and sometimes more, to which he joined reading the Holy Bible or some other good book. Part of the business of that day likewise was, writing into a Paper- Book he kept for the purpose, what he remembered of the sermon, either preached at Church, or read to him at home. This exercise he had been a good while used to while at school, and continued it at the University on holidays, not having leisure for it on Sundays, as he had in the country. And he left behind him four volumes of such abstracts of sermons, beginning July 1, 1705, and ending with two Resurrection Sermons on Easter Monday and Tuesday, 1714, as preparatory to his own dissolution. In this he was arrived to a wonderful perfection, being able to write down the main of the sermon, not only as to the matter, but even the very words of it, with which on Sunday evenings he entertained the family, and set a noble example for the young 928 THE HISTORY OP While he was preparing himself for the Holy Sacrament on Christmas Eve, he wrote on a loose paper the examination of his whole life, beginning it thus: " When I consider my life, I find a continual wonderful Providence and care of God over me in every stage of it; and therefore the greater ingratitude in me, that, &c." and this memorandum in his Officium Eucharisticum, " Dec. 24, 1713. — It will be useful at all times to avoid doing what I have once condemned, till I am fully satisfied to the con- trary ; and to be constant in Friday's examination, especially in the country, unless great necessity hinder, not to put off noon devotions, nor lazily mispend spare times, and not trust too much to my present thoughts." A little before his return to Cambridge, on January 21, 1714, as the countrymen were ploughing, in the parish of Great Book- ham, not far from his father's, the plough, striking against a large urn, broke it, and discovered a great quantity of Roman coins. As soon as his father and he heard of it, they went to view the place, and get what they could of them. There were none among those they saw, which were all copper, older than Gallienus, or later than Dioclesian. But as he knew no pleasure greater than joining in his father's pursuits, the little while he staid after this, when the toil of the day was over, he assisted him in cleansing what they had procured, discovering the impresses, and reading and transcribing the inscription e February 8th, being Shrove Monday, he walked to Epsom, in order to go from thence by gentlemen to imitate, by which some of them improved to a very great degree, though they were never able to equal it." — Bo n vri c k e's Pattern for young Students, p. 98 — 101. The author of this work recollects, with melancholy satisfaction, that he once had a boarder who, like young Bonwicke, excelled in the performance of this appropriate Sunday exercise. To cotemporaries it is needless to name him. For the information of succeeding scholars it may be here recorded, that the youth al» juded to, as devoted to theology beyond his years, was the late John Lacy, of Chi- chester, who died in the spring of the year 1811. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 929 coacfo to London. His father accompanied him part of the way, acknowledging the good service he had done him, and thanking him for it; and at parting, with his blessing, he gave him two kisses; little thinking they were the last he should give. him. Young Ambrose went to Church that evening at London,; and so morn* ing and evening, constantly as formerly, till he left. town. Qn his safe arrival at Cambridge, he addressed a letter to his/father,, in firhich he acquainted him that the lads of his year, being apprized of his return, quickly took care that he might not lose his turn of disputing and declaiming. This letter he sent by his brother, who hastened to supply his place at Headley. And ever anxious to show attention to his father, he took this opportunity of send- ing a coin of Constantino's with a fair reverse, SOLI INVICTO COMITI. h? n zi The time now drew near that the Almighty would take him to Himself; and as philosophers have discovered an acceleration of the motion of heavy bodies in their descent towards the earth, the same may we suppose in the ascent of a pious soul towards Heaven : the nearer it approaches to it, the more power- ful is the attraction, and the more vigorous the motion. The Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday in the Holy Week, he eat nothing till supper-time, except once a few figs in the afternoon. Thursday being the feast of the Annunciation, he dined as well as supped, and then watched with his Saviour the night that he was betrayed ; in part of which he wrote the articles of his belief, and began the resolutions which he finished on the morrow.* * " Good Friday, March 26, 1714. Ia the name of God, Amen ! Being moved jfl hope) by the Spirit of God, and excited by reading Bp. Beveridge's Private Thoughts, &q. after some days fasting, abstinence, watching, and praying for the particular assistance and direction of the Holy Ghost, I formed these articles of belief, from the Apostles' Creed, Bp. Beveridge, Mr. Nelson, &c. and the resolutions grounded thereupon; intending after to examine my evil ways, bewail and repent me 6 c $30 THE HISTORY OF t jBoth Good Friday and Easter Eve he fasted. tdM the evmingi and on the latter of these days he rose about half an hour after ;five, though, as has been observed, he had not slept the preced* ing night. He again examined his whole life past; and that he might do it the more exactly, he made use of the catalogue of sins at the end of his Nelson, as well as that in his Qfficwm Eucharisiicitm. And from this time to the day of his death in* elusive, the accounts of his sacramental examinations are much larger and more exact than formerly. On the 3d of May;i he wrote his last letter to his father, who, on the receipt of it, con- cluded him in a very dangerous condition, and hastened awayhis brother to him, with orders, that if he were able to bear the journey, he should come home, where, during a lingering sickness, (as he thought it would prove) he might find that tender care which his constant duty and affection had so well deserved. His brother accordingly began his journey on Ascension Day, pre* suming the charity of it would, as he remarked, excuse histra* veiling on so great a festival.* But the spirit of the saint-like of my sins, that so I might worthily partake of the Holy Eucharist at Easter, and also be enabled to lead the remainder of my life in true faith and obedience, : without superstition, scruple, and doubtfulness." For these well digested articles ^^4,piaus resolutions, the reader must be referred to the original, publication. . * " He had promised to write from, Cambridge the very next post; but his father was very much surprized to receive a letter,' which by the superscription appeaife'cHo be neither his nor his brother's, dated 9th of May, and the very next post came a letter from his brother, dated 11th of May. " Reverend Sir, May 9, 17 14. " I am extremely concerned that I am obliged to acquaint you with the most afflicting news of a very great loss. It has pleased God to lake to Himself one of the best youths that I ever knew in this College, and for whom every body here had the greatest value. Mr. Roper will write to you next post, and give you the par- ticulars of the manner of his death. In the mean time I know I need not pray you to bear this loss with a suitable resignation; nor, after the character I have mentioned, is it necessary to say it is your son that we have lost. Your younger son is very well MERCHANT-TA;Y;&0'RS , !.&CHOOI.. 93V Ambrose had already winged its flight. He had died ajaoitf; njnQ or .ten o'clock on the evening of Wednesday ,the 5th of May jj/7/4 ■ ■'•".:■■'.• -t Hteoveredof the great surprise hft' was -in on His: first hearing the sad, news. Every thing in relation to a decent funeral shall be taken care of by, Sir, your most afflicted friend and servant, , r "* ; '" ' ' CHRISTOPHER ANSTEY." : ' t ( '■'■:■ ■ 1 ... St. Jphii's, May 11, < . A «.«( Honoured Sir, . ..'.'. , a ground Ch'arnber. ■ , " I n^st intreat you to C ease your grief form}' dear brother's untimely, yet haopy, departure out of this world ; for he is now (in the judgment of all that knew/ him) much happier than we; and when you hear the circumstances which precedent; yea will* I am confident, agree with me in that phrase I used just. now,, of happy departure. This therefore that follows, you may depend upon as certain, for indeed I cannot affirm anything of myself, who did but set out from home the morning next tp that fatal night. He was in company with Sir, Newton that night till about eight o'clock, and then retired, telling him he had business at home, (which was to prepare himself for the blessed sacrament next morning, this being Ascension Eve.) Accord- ingly, having examined himself, (as was found by a paper of bis own writing) anc{ prayed for devotion in celebrating those mysteries, (as, may be seen by the books that Were found open on his desk) it pleased Almighty God then and there to take him to, Himfcelf,: and that he should die such a death, as be had (I doubt not) often desired^ in that payer of I>r» Whichcot, which I wrote for him into his Nelson ; when he was neither unprepared, nor his accounts unready ; when he was in a perfect renunciation of the guise bf this mad and sinful world, and not being tormented by a lingering sickness; form, all probability he was taken away in, an instant, having not made the least noise, not even so much as to be heard by his good neighbour Mr. Roper. The, time he died, happy for 1 him, unhappy for all that knew him, is supposed to be about 9 or 10 o'clock on Wednesday flight. His body was interred in the chancel of A1I- haMows Church on Friday night, and his funeral very decently performed-. the-Sunday night following. There was within the College waMs a very great attendance of Fel- lows and Scholars, yeaj and Fellow Commoners too, (who are generally negligent, at these times)' but a much greater multitude expected the bier at the gates ;, for having the week before performed publick exercise in the .schools with great applause, his death was more universally. taken notice of, and sadly ^mented, too, as may be seen by:tb4 ingenious elegies which people so freely made on this occasion; some ofwhiph, I hope, will, ere long, be sent you. The Master, when I was with him. yesterday to write my Rediit, told me, ; be hoped. I should continue .in health, though he. could not 6c2 g>32 THE HISTORY OP but as he was then alone, and the^next day was one of their foundation days,* as well as Holy Thursday, his death was not so soon discovered as otherwise it might have been. It is to be observed, his brother and his other chamberfellow were in the country ; and though he was asked after by several, because missed at the publick Communion that day, when all were obliged to be present, yet it passed off without further enquiry till after evening prayer, when his dear friend (with whom he had last conversed, and very cheerfully, as he said, though he complained his head was out of order,) asked the bed-maker,, whether he lay at home that night ; and she answering no, he knowing his constant regularity in that and all other particulars,. but own the great loss befallen both myself and the College; so enquiring after your health, dismissed me. After which I went to Mr. Baker, who desired me to give his service to you, and tell you that he joined in bewailing the loss of such an ornament to the College ; whither (though I was in the town on Friday in the afternoon) I came hot before Saturday, but no nearer the chamber than Mr. Roper's door, and cannot find in my heart to go any higher. I have, indeed, no relish for the College, and should not abide it were it not for some good friends, whom 1 am very much obliged to. But after six weeks I shall have kept my term, and then I hope to see you agaity and take a little school burthen off from you, which I am sure must lie. hpavy,i whe» such a sad addition comes to it; and whatever alterations I find in myself, I am pretty sure they are in no less degree at home on such an occasion. Pray, Sir, give my duty to my mother. Your obedient son, PHILIP BONWICKE. " P.S. — Mr. Roper desired me to give his service to you, and beg yoa* pardon for not writing according to promise, for he is in no condition to do it. On Wednesday night he received an account of the death of Dr. Turner, President of Corpus Chiisti Oxon, his best friend in the world ; and on Thursday had the shock of finding my dear brother's dead body in his study. He desired me also to tell you, that he thinks his, death proceeded from an extravasation of blood upon his. lungs, occasioned from winding up the clock that day, which he had not done for a week before." — Box- wicke's Pattern for young Students. * The ancient festival of S. Joan. Evang. ante Port. Latin. merchant-Taylors' school. 933 bid her go and tell Mr. Roper, whose mind immediately misgave him; and going up and forcing open the study-door, he foun$ him sitting in his chair, cold and stiff, and so leaning back that the chair lay against the door, his candle by him unlighte and haViiig been" let blood the day before, he was found rising at half an bow* after six, though sick at that very time, and immediately betaking himself to his prayers. And, indeed, it is wonderful to consider, that he who had such an infirm body, so often ailing, would not indulge in that ease," which any one but himself would have judged necessary. He went oh in this time in reading Echard's Roman History, Dr. Hammond on the New Testament, (whom by this time he had gone al- most quite through,) Terence, Tully, and Hebrew Psalms. He read also Fontenelle's Plurality of Worlds, Appian's Roman History in Greek, Hooker's Ecclesiastical Po- lity, (as appears by the abstract he made out of each,) and Whiston^ Astronomy. He made one Greek Theme, orte copy of Latin Verses, two Theses, one Latin and one Greek Declamation, besides the public exercises at the schools, which his brother in his letter took notice of."-^JBoN wig he's Pattehi fot yvmg Students. , , . > f *' On the death of my pious friend and schoolfellow, . : [ ' . ■ I Ambkose BtjNwiCKBi > :• With honest tears to praise jhe, virtuous dead, : Is the best office men to men have paid. So the great patterns of past ages slept, Arid so our gre"at forefathers nobly wept* The good, the young, the lovely, and; the' great, Have always by the Muse been laid in state, And in immortal verse surviv'd their fate. The list'ning crowds with glorious heat were fir'd, And strove to be what they so much. admirM., Wing'd by the Muse,: whene'er the Hero dies, He takes possession of his native skies*: The pious Monarch who adofn'd his throne, And made the Cares of all mankind his own, The purple he deserv'd must ever have,; His fame, his worth, his honour, know nd grave. If but a Swain, a sighing Daphnis dies, The murm'ring rivers to new sorrows rise; The mourning spreads through alt the echoing hills* And Rhodope complains in weeping rills ; MERCHANT-TAYI^R*' SCHOOL $3$ ymt ejected far him in the chancebof Allhallows, near thte place The frozen Hebrus burets whh having sighs,' « And pours new streams of pity from his eyes; The morning lours, the sun itself looks pale ; The flowrsts hang their heads, And birds bewail. And shall no tears, no tributary vorse, In lonely strains attend our present hearse ? Must all be swallow'd in the gulf of death, And shall his fame fly from us with his breath? Will no kind Muse revive the sinking youth, Adorn'd with letters, constancy, and truth ; Dress'd in the piety of silver hairs, Finish'd in virtue, though a youth in years ; Who died in life's gay prime •and spring of joy, Who in the prime of life was fit to die? Ah ! no, my friend, a thousand ties invite, Worth, education, friendship, all unite, And say it is my doty now to write. Condemn my verses; but applaud my love, Virtue like yours 'tis virtue to approve. S Fain to Xhy merit would my sorrow raise A strong, a well-built monument of praise ; Such soft complainings as sweet- Cowley sung, When his sad hai-p to Harvey'* name he'Bfcruhg; ; Harvey, whom all the fields of Cambridge knew, On ev'ry tree the sacred friendship grew,. Till the dull morn ' drove on th' unwilling light,' As conscious what was done that dismal night. Pangs sharp as his, fair youth, for thee I feel; More beautiful his verse, not more his steal. Forgive my want of power to commend, Unlike the poet, though alike the friend. Ah } hapless youth ! by what mistake of fate, The sun which rose so bright, so soon should set ?•• Why wast thou torn from Nature's happiest bloom,' From life's fair dawning hurried to the tomb ? Thy rising virtues were with pleasure seen, And Nature shewM us what they might have been ; } 936 THE HISTORY OF of his burial, with an inscription,* composed by his schoolfellow, But, while we gaz'd, and lov'd the heav'nly boy, The grasp of death chill'd. thee, and all our joy. So the fair product of the floWery bed, Which rais'd above the rest its painted head, The garden's glory, and its master's pride, Bedeck'd with beauteous lights on ev'ry side; Struck by a sudden blast dissever'd lies, And all its colour, all its beauty dies. But, ah ! we think amiss, and wrong his fame: His race was shorter, but his prize the same. We talk of deaths and dark untimely graves, And blame the happy Providence which saves. We dress the pious youth in our own fears. And count the age of saints by common years; While he serenely happy sits above, Smiles at our sorrows, and forgives our love. What is long life ? What all the shine of courts ? What is the world, its business, or its sports ? The seat of danger, error, and mistake, Where we adore and fear the things we make. He view'd the gilded toys with other eyes, Who while on earth convers'd above the skies. He reach'd the goal, ere others had begun, And rested sooner, who had faster run. Tell not his days, his age of virtues tell ; He liv'd a length of time, who liv'd so well. Hail! happy youth ! discharg'd from flesh and blood, And from the very power of not being good ; Hereafter,, when we wash with tears thy urn, 'Tis not for thee, but for ourselves we mourn. Laurence Jackson, B.A." The reader may see another tribute of respect by Lancelot Newton, B.A. in Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer, 4to. p. 60. * " Respice paululum, si sincera Fides, si Candida Veritas, si Flos Juventac reddens Virtutem ad quod respicias habeti sir William 'AWES BarT m. aft- cvtytna/ Jfcc/urr a/~.J^tj4tfi/faryia? MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. <\37 Lawrence Jackson, author of one of the elegies above al- luded to. The detail just closed, having insensibly drawn us a little be- yond the order of time, we must now return to the month of February this year, to resume the narrative of occurrences, more splendid perhaps, but not more interesting. Sir William Dawes, Bishop of Chester, was, by the recom- mendation of his predecessor, Archbishop Sharp, translated to the archiepiscopal See of York, being elected to it on the 26th of February, and enthronized by proxy, on the $4th of. March. Upon this promotion he received a congratulatory Epistle from Catharine Hall.* He was shortly after made a Privy ..Counsellor. Hie jacet quqd post se reliquit impatiens.Terrae Ambkosius Bonwicke, egregius multi nominis Juvenis, majoris multo postea futurus. Qui per breve Vitas emensus Stadium, magnum Virtutis Circulum feliciter complevit ; et satis vixit. Recepit pia Sancti Johannis iEdes, n4fo magis piam alluit Camus iEdem, castumque formavit Juvenem Sinuque fovit, nee magis castum fovit unquam Juvenem, educens bonam in Frugem Semina, quae ludus olim jecerat literarius, coelestis irrigaverat favor sincero ipse excoluerat Pectore. ObiitMaii5, 1714; aetatis sua; 23." * " Letter of Congratulation to Sir Wm. Dawes, Abp. of York. « Reverendissimo inChristo Patri, Gulielmo, Provident divina, Archiepiscopo Ebbracerisi, Angliae Primati et Metropolitans « In tanto salutantium undique Concursn, aequo Animo accipias, feyerendissftne Pater, GoUegii tui pientissima Vota, nee importuna nimis aut molesta videatur Gratu- latio nostra. . i 1 « AdTe, itaque Illustrissime Prsssul, uti Officii nostri Ratio postulat, libenter e grato Animo accedimus, et hunc Tibi Honorem qiiantumcunque (et certe maximus 6 D 938 THE HISTORY OF Nor was it long before his Grace had an opportunity of dis* playing the integrity with which he always voted in Parlia- ment. On the 5th of April, the Lords taking into consideration the state of the nation, several speeches were made in relation to the dangers to which all Europe, in general, was left exposed by the late treaties of peace, and which in particular threat? ened the Protestant succession. And the most remarkable cir- cumstance of the debate was, that Dawes, who on all other occa- sions had shown himself a Tory, spoke and voted with the Whig Lords, which added great strength to that side. For though, after a warm debate from two in the afternoon till nine in the evening, the Protestant succession was voted out of danger, as the Court est) obnixe gratulamur : neque Tibi ipsi solera, sed et Serenissimae nostras Reginse fidissimum Consiliarium, Ecclesise optimum simul et Gubematorem et Defensorem acerrimum ; toti denique Reipubltcac Oecus et Praesidium non possumus noti gratu- lari. " O felicem istam Provinciam, quae tantis prnatum Virttitibus proprium sibiven- dicat Metropolitanum ! Patet hie uberrimus dicendi locus; et quant&cum Voluptate justis tuis Laudibus, Venerande Pater, immorandum esset! ni. gratam hanc navasse Operam per Modestiam tuain non liceat ? At verd tuam erga nos BenefLeentiam, et quantum Tibi debeat Collegium nostrum, Pietatis ergo agnoscere debemus. " Plurimas itaque pro Benefices acceptis habemus Tibi Gratias, Prima dignissime, et quod praesens Occasio suadet, diuturnum bunc Tibi H-onorem ex animo preca- mur. " Ea verb est humanarum Rerum Conditio, ut ab omnr Metu nullo modo immunis esse potuit. Quid enim? Laetitiam nostram non levis invadit Suspieio, ne dunv Archiepiscopum salvere jubemus, amissum et a nobis abreptum defleamus Magis- trum. " Tuis autem Consiliis immisceri, honoratissime Magister, si istam Appellationem, admittis, audax nimium et justa Repreheasione dignum videatur. Apage itaque omnem Metum, omnem Suspicionem. Ad tuam, reverendissime Pater, Tutelam con- fugimus. Patrocinio tuo Rem nostram, fido et sereno Animo committimus ; et quod- cunque Prudentiae et Benevolentias visum fuerit, exinde nobis et Collegio nostro optime consultum fore judicamus. " Haec Paternitati tuas Vota supplices offerunl obsequentissimi et devinctissimi . FiHi tui."— Coh's MSS, vol. lvii. p. 393, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 939 party desired, by seventy-six against sixty-four, it was principally owing to his Grace that this victory was gained by so small a majority as twelve voices only, our Archbishop drawing after him the whole bench of Bishops, three only excepted.* Two years had now elapsed since Dr. Clarke had published his celebrated book, entitled < The Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity,' &c. a performance which made a great noise and disturbance in the world, and occasioned a great number of books and pamph- lets to be written for and against it James Knight, a Fellow^ and very eminent tutor of St. John's College, Oxford, but as yet a Layman, entered into the controversy and vindicated the Scrip- ture doctrine of the most Holy and Undivided Trinity from the misinterpretations of Dr. Clarke. To this the Doctor published a Reply. And sometime afterwards Knight returned a Re- joinder, in which he showed himself no way inferior to his anta- gonist.f* * TindaPs Continuation of Rapin, vol. xviii. p. 170, &c. Archbishop Dawes took a distinguished part with respect to the much debated Schism Bill in this Session. On the 9th of June, he was Chairman of a Committee of the whole House, in which the Bill was examined paragraph by .paragraph from one in the afternoon till eight in the evening. And on the next day the Bill with its amendments was reported to the House by his Grace. — Ibid. pp. 208, 209. f " Jacobus Knight, Jilius in Schold Mercat. Scissorum Londini A educatus, in Collegium Di. Jo. Bapt. probationis socitis admissus I69Q, triennio exacto actualis A.B. 19 Maii 1694-5, A.M. 17 Maj'i-l698, multos per annos sacrorum ordinum abhorrens Collegio Lingua Grace Pralector et Juventutis numerosa Informator peritissimus, nicaria tandem S. Sepulchri cessione CaroliBlake,S , .!T.P. vacante* in diaconat&s ordinem 24 Qctobris, et Presbyteratus 28 ejusdem Mensis Anhi 1714, initiates, a sua Collegia: prasentatus ad vicariam, institutus 20 Aprilis 17 16, Gradus S T.B. et S.T.P. cumulavii £0 Octobris 1 7 1.9, et nuptias cum ViduA Jervis opukntissima contraxit 1 Aug. J 720, quacum in dolem habu.it (sicut fertur) libras circiter 14000. Obiit dysenteria et ruptura oppressus 26 Maii, et sepultus in Mde S. Sep. 2 Junii 1735. *"-/> QWtfr-'Wt Edidit Libellos duos contra Arium suique sequaces. M The Scripture Doctrine of the most Holy and Undivided Trinity vindicated from 6d 2 940 THE HISTORY OF Archdeacon Boulter preached at the Episcopal Visitation of the Clergy, held at Kingston-upon-Thames, on Wednesday the 26th of May : his sermon on which occasion was afterwards pub- lished by the special command of the Bishop of Winchester. Lowth, Prebendary of Winchester, published two sermons, which he had preached in his Cathedral at the March and July Assizes this year. They were entitled ' Religion the distinguish- ing Character of Human Nature, on Job, xxviii. 28, and, The Wisdom of acknowledging Divine Revelation, on St. Matth. xi. 19 ;' and were published in compliance with the wish of the High Sheriff and gentlemen of the Grand Jury. They sufficiently show the favourite path of their author's theological studies, still more evidenced, however, by the appearance of his commentary on the Prophet Isaiah.* In order to acquit himself the better in theology, he had pursued his studies with a more general and extensive view. Few had dealt more largely in criticism. There is scarce any ancient author, whether Latin or Greek, ecclesiastical or profane, espe- cially the former, but what he had read with a critical accuracy, constantly accompanying his reading with philological remarks, noted in the margin and initial and final leaves of his book, or entered into his Adversaria. Of his collections in this way, he was upon all occasions extremely communicative. And hence the notes on Clemens Alexandrinus, sent to Dr. Potter, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, and published with the author's name to each in his edition of that Father.-f- the Misinterpretations of Dr. Clarke, To which is prefixed a Letter to the Rev.. Doctor, by Robert Nelson, Esq. Lond.1714, oct. " The true Scripture Doctrine of the most Holy and Undivided Trinity continued and vindicated from the Misinterpretations of Dr. Clarke, in Answer to his Reply. Lond. 1715, oct." — Rawlinsoris MSS. No. 932 and 572. * Published at London in 4to. this ye&r.—Biographia Britannica, Art. Lowth. t In the preface to vol. i, of ' Clementis Alexandrini Opera Gr. Lat. quae extant per Joann. Potterum Episcopum Qxoniensem Oxon,' Th. She!. 1715, fol. " Post nullum merchant-Taylors' school. 941 Meanwhile the Queen, who can never be enough commended for her devout and regular attendance on the offices of the Church, or for her ardent wishes- for its purity and prosperity, had been long declining in health, till, on Sunday the 1st of August, she expired in the fiftieth year of her age, and in het ended the line of the Stuarts, whose kind patronage of the scho- lars of Merchant-Taylors' for more than a century, cannot but have attracted the reader's notice. Isaac Sharp, an Under, graduate of St. John's, Oxford, wrote a copy of verses on the death of her Majesty. And; Archbishop Dawes was constituted one of the Lords Justices of the Kingdom till the arrival of King George from Hanover.* ,; At length, on the 16th of September, the new Monarch, accom- panied by his eldest son, for whom a patent. had been prepared- by the Eegency and Council, creating him Prince of Wales, sailed for England with a fair wind, and the next day, about nine in the evening, arrived safe at the Hope, where the Admiral thought fit to drop anchor. On the 20th the King and Prince made their entry into London with great pomp and magnificence. A few days after, the Privy Council was dissolved, and a new one declared, to which his Majesty was pleased again to call Arch- bishop Dawes, before the coronation, which was fixed for the wro mihi memorandus est W. Lowtheius Ecclesiae Cathedralis Wintpn. Praeben- darius dignissimus ; qui non solum perpetuas fere iu Clemen tem notas ultro mihi ob- tulit, sed etiam Cohortationem ad Graecos, et oeto Stromatum libros pro di versa materiae, qua constant, ratjone, , quatenus fieri potuit in, capita redegit." Pag. 1. Notae. — " Cohortatio ad Gentesduodecim Capiti bus constat, quorum Tahel- Jum, ut etiam eorum, quaj singulis Stromatum Libris continentur, et non paucas, tarn in hos quam in Paedagogum Observationes et Emendationes suis locis inserendas perhumaniter mecum communicavit vir non vulgariter eruditus W. Lowtheius Ec- clesiae Cathedralis Winton. Prasbendarius," * Browne Willis's Survey, of the Cathedrals, vol. i. p. 63, and Preface, to the. Works of Archbishop Dawes, p. xxxi. 942 THE HISTORY Or 20th of October.* And, upon the first settlement of an establish- ment for the Princess of Wales, Alexander Torriano was made Sub-Clerk of the Closet to her Highness.-f- \On the 18th of February, 1715, Delaune, President of St. John's, was elected Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at 0x~ ford; and, on the 34th of March following, he was installed Pre- bendary of Worcester 4 Stubbs, lately promoted to the Archdeaconry of St. Alban's, took an accurate account of the parishes within his jurisdiction, enquired into the conduct of the clergy, churchwardens, and sidesmen, and set himself to reform every ecclesiastical abuse in that district, without neglecting his engagements at London and Greenwich. But the man, who, at this time, most excelled in the discharge of multifarious duties, was Archbishop Dawes, who, both in his diocess and in Parliament, was always to be found at his post. When the address of the House of Lords, in answer to his Ma- jesty's first speech, was read on the 21st of March, his Grace excepted against a particular clause, which reflected on the late administration, and urged, with much feeling, that it was injuri- ous to the memory of the deceased Queen, and clashed with that part of his Majesty's speech which recommended to both Houses the avoiding the unhappy divisions of parties, and that it was unjust to condemn persons without first hearing them.§ When a lady who had been Maid of Honour to the late Queen, and was now to the Princess of Wales, petitioned the House to be sepa-. rated from her husband, and to be permitted to marry again, he spoke, on the 3d of May, against the divorce, lest the granting * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xviii. pp.305, 310, 312, 317, 318. •f Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresliam College, p. 119- % Wood's Annals by Gutch, b.ii. p. 833. § Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xviii. p. 352. t MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. &4S of it should weaken the obligations of marriage.* When the question was put, on the 11th of July, for committing the Earl of Oxford to custody, he nobly dared to vote for that Nobleman.-}* And when, on the 2d of December, the King inserted his name in the new commission for carrying into effect the several acts of Parliament, which had been passed for erecting new churches in and near London, his Grace shewed particular anxiety in pro- moting that truly Christian design. Meanwhile the very Reverend John Rogers, Archdeacon of Leicester, concluded his ministry .$ But there was this difference * The Petition set forth, " that about thirteen years ago, when she was but twelve years of age, she had been married to Sir George Downing, then about fifteen— that Sir George going then to travel, he did upon his return, shew his. dislike to the match,, which had prevented their cohabitation, — and therefore they prayed that they might be separated and at liberty to marry again. It was upon debate carried by fifty against forty-eight to reject the Petition."— Ibid. pp. 368, 369; + Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xviii. p. 390. X John Rogers, AM. Fellow of St. John's Coll. Oxon, collated- to the Arch- deaconry of Leicester, Nov. 29, 1703.— He was buried in St, Mary's Church at Lei- cester, where is a monument with the following vffiff^W'r- «** M hM " Hie felicem pvaestolantis Reaurrectionem Exuviae Reverendi Viri Joh^nnis Rogers, A,M. Archidiaconi Leices triensis, Rectoris de Seagrave, Olim Coll. D. Joan, apud Oxon. Socii,, Comis, Benefici, Pii, Pervigilis, Inter bonorum Gemitus, Suorum Querimonias, Ecclesiae Desideria, Pauperum Efflagitationes, a mediis Laboribus et Malis mortalium vel optimos obsidentibus ad Emeritorum Otia, glus quam Victoruni Triumphps*, 944 the history or between him and many others, who about this time bade adieu to the service of the Church, that he " continued not by reason of death," whereas they ceased to celebrate divine offices " for con- science sake." Of these N icholas Zi nza^o, formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, descended from a family, originally sprung from Lucca in Italy, but driven thence for religion sake at the Reformation, no less conscientious than his ancestors, chose to relinquish the living of St. Martin's Outwich and the Lecture- ship of St. Mary Magdalen and St. Gregory's, rather than take the required oaths.*. ,';.•.■ Archdeacon Boulter preached at the consecration of Dr. Gibson to the See of Lincoln, at Somerset-House Chapel, on the 12th of February, 1716: his sermon on which occasion was pub- lished at the united command of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Bishops of London, Winchester, and Gloucester!. On the 16th of April, died Dr. Edwards, of Cambridge, in the seventy-ninth year of his age, a man of extensive learning, but unpopular among his brethren, on account of his great zeal for the doctrines of Calvinism, which he carried, it must be consummatorum Beatitudines evocati, Nonis Maii Anno Salutis 1715, % iEtatis 67. " "■■' See likewise Wood's Fasti, A.D. 1672. * " Nicholas Zinzanq, natus Reading Com. Berks, Aug. 1, 1669, admissus in Sch. Merc. Sciss. Lond. Junio 168 1, electus ad Collegium Coll. divi Joan. Bapt. Oxon, Anno 1687, A.B. 27 Apr. 1691, in diaconatum admissus aJohanne [Hough] Ep"^ Oxon, in Capella Colleg. B. Mar. Magd. Oxori, 22 Maii 1692, et in Presbyteratum a Petro (Mew) Ep~o Wihtbri. Chelsea?, Dec. 18, 1692, A.M! 16 Martii 1694, ad Rec- toriam S. Martini Outwich, Londini, ad praesentat. Societat. Merc. Sciss. instit. 14 Mart. 1703, et beneficio privatus ob fidelitatis Juramentum, &c. R. Georgio I. Anno 1715, negat. o^t^ 37 ^Rawlinson^sTWk^/^^^^ MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 945 owned, to a bigoted excess. He adopted and contended for the favourite notion of the old Puritans, that Arminianism and Popery are closely connected. l And hence, in the' materials from which Dr. Kip pis drew up his life, he is described as the Paul, the Augustine, the Bradwardine, the Calvin of his age. But if he was, as he has been declared to be, one of the: most valuable writers of his time, voluminous authors have reason to reflect with some degree of humiliation on the uncertain prospects of future celebrity. Blake, who, by the kindness of Sir William Dawes, had al- ready been preferred to a Prebend at Chester and the Sub-Dean- ery of York, and was now looking for further promotion from the same quarter, resigned the vicarage of St. Sepulchre's. On this ■"Knight,, the antagonist of Clarke, entered into holy orders, with*) a view to succeed him. He received institution to St. Sepulchre's on the 20th of April. And, on therSOth of that month, Blake^ was collated to a Prebendal Stall in the Cathedral of York.* About this time the anatomy lecture at Oxford was read by Charles Tadlow^ Doctor of Physick, Fellow of St. John's/' But whether he was Lecturer in his own right, or only Deputy to Dr. Keil, is not clear.-f- Consul Sherard transcribed the Monumenta Teia, and caused the Sigean inscription to be copied' and sent to England. Of this the learned Dr. Chishull drew up an account, which he very pro- perly dedicated to Sherard.J On Midsummer Day, Sir Gerard Conyers, who, on com-^ {>l£ting his school education, had gone to Smyrna, and there laid * Rawlinson's MSS. No. 871. f Wood's Annals byGutch, vol. ii. p. 885. % PuHeney's Sketches of Botany, -vol. ii. p. 145. 6e Q46 THE HISTORY OP the foundation of his fame and fortune, was chosen Sheriff of London and Middlesex-* In February, 1717» Torriano, Prebendary of Lincoln,f died: unmarried at Kensington, where he lies buried without any monu- ment or inscription. But what is of more importance, he left behind him, among those to whom he was known, the character of a man of piety, learning, good temper, and genteel behavi- our.^ Shortly after this, when the Mutiny Bill was before the House of Lords, the licentiousness of the army and the disorders com- mitted by the soldiery were complained of in strong terms, and a motion was made, that before a bill was passed in favour of the mi- litary, by which they were to be exempted from arrests for debts, an enquiry should be made into a riot, which happened at Oxford, on the Prince of Wales's birth day, excited, as was said, by the gownsmen not rejoicing on the occasion. Some Lordsi, who were apprehensive that the University would get no credit by such an examination, endeavoured to wave it, by proposing a general en- quiry into the conduct of the army. This was opposed by the * Maitland's History of London, vol. ii. p. 1204. t " Alexander Torriano, natus 2 Oct. I667 r admissus 15 Aprilis, 1675, in Seholam Merc. Sciss. Londini, et ad Coll. Di. Jo. Bapt. elect;. Anno 1685, deinde Jurista, Gradus LL.B. April 1693, Diac. in Cap. Coll. Magd. Oxon, 3 Jun. 1694, et Presbyt. in eodem loco ab Hough Ep~o, Oxon, 23 Sept. 1694, LL.D. 22 April 1706, in partes Europae varias transivit Coinite Mancuniensem comitante ad Venetias, Anno , et ad Hanoveram anno , Gratia deiadeejusdem Coniitis Capellanus dqmesticus, et Rector dp Holywell Com. Huntingdon, et Georgio I. imperante Cleri- cus Capellae Regiae deputatus. Gulielmo Levinz, M.D. Vita functo, Certamen pro Praefectu sui Cellegii contra Delaune habuit. Vir superbus, &c. Obiit Kensingtons Com. Middlesex, 1717. He published, " A Sermon preached, at the Visitation at Huntingdon,* on the 16th of April, 1706, 1 Corinth, xv. 58, - published at the desires of the Archdeacon and Clergy. LoncL 1706, 4to."— Rawlinson's MSS. No. 341. J Ward's Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, p. 1 19. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. O47, Court Lords, who observed that they ought not to arraign a con- siderable body of men, against whom there was no legal com- plaint : but since it had been moved to enquire into the Oxford^ riots, which had indeed made a great noise, and been examined in council, they ought to address his Majesty, that he. would be pleased to cause all the papers, relating to that affair, to be laid before the House. And, accordingly, an address was resolved upon and presented, and the papers were laid before the Lords. But this afforded Archbishop Dawes a noble opportunity of jus-r tifying his first University. He urged, in the course of the de- bate, that for forty years past the Oxonians had not paid any regard to the birth day of any Prince of Wales, or even of the Prince sitting on the Throne, by making publick rejoicings,— that the University had a method of expressing their loyalty more consistent with the dignity of their founders and the character of their persons, than illuminations, bonfires, and firing of guns,— that, as for the Mayor and Magistrates of the city of Oxford, they had this to plead for their excuse, that they were ignorant it was the Prince's birth day, — that the several affidavits and infor- mations, upon which the Mayor and Magistrates grounded their complaints, having been sent up to court, copies of the same were returned to the officers of the regiment quartered at Oxford, in order to give them an opportunity to justify their proceedings* which produced another set of affidavits and depositions in behalf of the officers, — that the Magistrates had no opportunity to make any replication in their own defence ; and therefore it was moved that the House would come to no resolution upon the two sets o affidavits, but that they would adjourn the further proceedings, and appoint a day when they would hear the persons concerned in those informations. His Grace insisted upon this method, because nothing could set the matter in a truer light than the cross examining and confronting the evidences on each side, urging that this method, their Lordships very well knew, was the 6 e 2 948 THE HISTORY OF Constant practice of the Courts below, and even of all the hear- ings at the bar of their Lordships' House, and that their Lord- ships had never yet refused to admit of a replication, — that as to the disrespect to the Prince Regent, charged upon the University for their neglect. of ringing the bells on his Royal Highness's birth day, of the sixteen Colleges in the University, only three had any bells to ring,— and that it appeared plainly by the affidavits taken before the Mayor and Magistrates, that the . riotous proceedings were occasioned by the insolence and rude behaviour of the sol- diers, encouraged by a few individuals of the University, calling themselves the Constitution Club, and by the neglect of the com-, manding officers of the regiment, in not issuing proper orders to suppress the disturbance.* Such was the agitated state of , the University of Oxford, and such the contests between the Jacobites and Hanoverians, when Nicholas Amhurst,^ who had last year been elected to St John's College, in the room of the excellent William Stuart^ recently preferred to a living in the county of Devon, began his career as a poet and political writer. In the space of a few months he published « An Epistle from a student at Oxford to the Chevalier, occasioned by his Removal over the Alps, and the Dis* covery of the Swedish Conspiracy,' ' A congratulatory Epistle to Mr. Addison on his being made Secretary. of State,' and a Trans.- lation of his ' Resurrection,' | and of the verses cited by him in * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xix. p. 83— 85. f Nicholas Amhurst was born at Maiden in Kent, 1 and, under the protection of his Grandfather, who was a Clergyman, educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, from whence he was removed, to St. John's College ,-r-Biosraphia Britannka. Art. Amhurst, [Nicholas]* ^^^T-W.^n^frw^-t^/^M,!*^)-!^!^ ~l)f, % Dr. Stuart preached at the Archdeacon of Exeter's visitation, 2d of May, 1 17?. — Rawlimon's MSS. § This Poem of Mr. Addison's was published in the Mus* Anglicanse. MERCKANT-.TAYLORS 3 . SCHOOL. 949 his Dissertation on the Latin Poeta.* And well had it been for him, if his moral conduct had been proportionate to his abi- lities. • m prou :. lHOMAsTooLY, r Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, of twelve years' standing, published a Variorum Edition of Tully's Offices, and in many other respects showed himself no mean proficient in classical literature. But his irregularities far outweighed his me- rits, especially.. as his bad example had too fatal an influence on young Amhur'st. ^ In 1718, John Jo ne If Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, was elected Master of the Free School at Oundle in Northampton- shire.-!- And Hoy, Regius Professor of Medicine in the University or Uxrord, dying in Jamaica v JosHUA LASHER,-Doctor of Phy-, sick and Fellow of St. John's College, who had been his Deputy during his absence from England, succeeded him.;J; Sherard, however, more fortunate in his travels, lived to re- visit his native land. During his residence at Smyrna he had had a country-house at a place called Sedekio, where he spent his; summers, and cultivated his garden. § Here he collected speci-: mens of all the plants of Natolia and Greece, and began that famous Herbarium, which at length became the most extensive that had ever been seen as the work of one man, since it is said, finally, to have contained 12,000 species. And here also, it is supposed, he began the much celebrated Pinax, to which he con- tinued to make additions through the remainder of his life.|| * These three pieces of Amhukst's were published separately at London, in 8vo. t Rawlinson's MSS. No. 958. % Wood's Annals by Gutch, p. &6\.vri*i.ftrft*i - § In 1749, Hasselquist visited this retreat, and viewed, with all the enthusiasm of a young Botanist, the spot whither " the regent of the botanic world," as he stiles him, retired occasionally from the business of his Consulship, Pulteney says, that it is not yet forgotten as the residence of Sherard. — Historical and Biographical Sketches of the Progrem of Botany, vol. ii. p. 146. t| Ibid. 950 THE HISTORY OF ' Lowth, Prebendary of Winchester, published his Commentary on Jeremiah,* and communicated to Dr. Hudson many critical and philological remarks for his edition of Josephus, which are acknowledged with due respect by Mr. Anthony Hall, who wrote the preface to that work.-f- From the same valuable stores like- wise he contributed those larger and more numerous annotations on the ecclesiastical historians, which are inserted in Reading's edition of them at Cambridge, and gratefully acknowledged by hirri in his preface. J The author of Bibliotheca Biblica was indebted^ to him for the same kind of assistance, as is evident from the preface to the last volume of that work.§ The learned Drl Chandler, afterwards Bishop of Durham, while he was engaged in his ' Defence of Christianity from the Prophecies of the Old Testament,' against ' The Discourse of the Grounds and Reasons * Published at London in 4to. — Biographia Britannica, Art. Lowth, [William] t " Neque praetereundus est Gulielmus Lowthius, Prsebendarius Wintoniensis dignissimus, cui tanlum debuit quantum familiarium nemini.'%— .^raf. Hallii Prafgt. ad Joseph. Edit. Hudson, Oxon, 1720. J " Adjectae sunt etiam, Conjecturae dicam? An potius certissimae tam textus Graeci quam interpretationis emendationes, et Historiaj per totum opus elucidationes, quas mecum pro singulari sua humanitate comraunicavit Wilhelmus Lowthios, Jiccl. Wiat. Canonicus. Vir impense doetus et k ? itix»t«t©-, quod inter alia, nuperfc ejus Clementi Alexandrino passim aspersae castigationes, nuperi in Isaiam et Jeremiam Prophetas Commentarii, amplisshne teslantur." — Reading Prafat. ad Eusebium, fyc. Cantab. 1720. § " Among his very particular favourers and friends ought especially to be men- tioned the late reverend, learned, and pious Mr. Lowth, a gentleman of a character in all respects unexceptionable. The learned Dr. Hudson, out of a just sense of the valuable assistance received from this gentleman, when he desired his advice upon several passages of Josephus, was pleased to declare, that he took hiui to be the greatest scholar in the kingdom. This small tribute to the memory of so great a man, I am well satisfied, Mr. Parker, had he been living, would have looked upon as a poor return for the collection of notes which Mr. Lowth has favoured him with in this last volume of the Pentateuch, and a much meaner expression of the value he set on a friendship he had so happily cultivated." — Account of the Life and Writings of .the Author, prefixed to the Bibliotheca Biblica, vol. v. p. viii. merchant-Taylors' school. 951 of the Christian Religion, 5 and in his < Vindication of the De- fence, in answer to the Scheme of literal Prophecy considered/ held a constant correspondence with him, and consulted him upon many difficulties that occurred in the course of that work.* But not to anticipate the labours of Lowth in his study, we must turn our attention to the publick conduct of Dawes in the great council of the nation now assembled in Parliament. The King had long been meditating on a removal of all distinctions between Churchmen and Non-conformists, and resolved to at- tempt it this Session. To that end Earl Stanhope was to move for a repeal of the Occasional and Schism Acts, passed in the fetter end of the reign of Queen Anne. And, accordingly, on the 13th of December, he offered a bill to that effect, the second reading of which was put off till the 18th of that month. Upon the day appointed, the Earl of Cholmondeley suggested that, before their Lordships proceeded any further in an affair, wherein the Church was so nearly concerned, it would be proper to have in the first place the opinion of the Bishops. This being unani- mously assented to, Archbishop Wake stood up and declared against the proposed bill. And after him Archbishop Dawes spoke on the same side, and said that the arguments used the other day for the bill had no more weight with him than they had with his brother of Canterbury. He urged, in particular, the dan- ger of trusting the Dissenters, the open and avowed enemies of the Church, with power and authority, and accounted for the acts proposed to be repealed, by truly enough observing, that Separa- tists were never to be gained by indulgence. And, before he sat down, he quoted a passage out of a treatise, entitled * A Persua- sive to Lay Conformity/ written by Hoadley, Bishop of Bangor, * Biographia Biitannica, Art. Lowth, [William] 953 THE HISTORY OP who, since the writing of that book, had embraced and main- tained other principles.*' On the other hand, Amh'urst, who had imbibed a great enmity to the high Church Clergy, displayed his zeal against the Priest- hood in a poem, entitled ' Protestant Popery ; or, The Convoca- tion/ in five Cantos ; which is -a kind of satire against all the writers who had opposed Bishop Hoadley in the famous Bango- rian Controversy.-j- And this temper he afterwards more fully discovered in * A Congratulatory Epistle from his Holiness the Pope to the Rev. Dr. Snape, faithfully translated from the Latin Original into English Verse/ J Calamy also wrote a Vindication of his Grandfather and other eminent Non-conformists, against the Reflections, which he con- ceived were unjustly made upon them by Archdeacon Echard in his History of England. § But, in the great disputes which were carried on among the Dissenters in this and the following year, concern- ing subscription to the Eirst Article of the Church of England, relative to the Doctrine of the Trinity,]] he acted a neutral part. * TindaFs Continuation of Rapin, vol. xix. p. 243 — 247- •f Cibber's Lives of the Poets, vol. v. p. 335, and Terrae Filius, vol. 'ii. p. 249. % Rawlihson's MSS. No. 453. § The title of this piece at large runs thus : ' A Letter to Mr. Archdeacon Echard, upon Occasion of his History of England.; wherein the -true Principles of the Revor lution are defended ; the Whigs and Dissenters vindicated ; several Persons of Dis- tinction cleared from Aspersions ; and a Number of Historical Mistakes rectified.' London, 1718, 8vo. To this piece there was an answer written. And there the dis- pute dropped. || " The Dissenters at several places, but more especially at Exeter, being jealous that their Ministers were not as orthodox as themselves in the Article of the Trinity, had demanded of them a confession of faith; and, upon advice of the differences between their pastors and them, on this occasion, the Dissenting Ministers, iu and about London, held a synod, to consult of Articles of Advice for peace. They met at Salters' Hall. The main debate was inserting in the advice the first Article of the .Church of England, and the answer to the fifth and sixth questions in the Assembly's merchant-Taylors' school. 953 He distinctly foresaw the quarrel, and its consequences; and before it rose to a height, took a resolution to have no hand in it. He was indeed at one private meeting ; but saw so much there* as determined him to engage no further, though he was earnestly pressed both by the subscribers and those who were afterwards called the Non-subscribers, to give them his company.* Berriman, after he left the University, had officiated for some time as Curate and Lecturer of Allhallows in Thames-Street and Lecturer of St. Michael's Queenhithe. But the humbleness of these appointments did not prevent him from appearing in print in the Trinitarian Controversy, though anonymously, under the appellation of * A Believer.' He published, in 17 1 9, 'A Sea- sonable Review of Mr.Whiston's Account of Primitive Doxologies,' which was followed in the same year by a ' Second Review.' And, about the same time, Valentine Haywood, Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, and Lecturer of St. Matthew's in Friday-Street, published * An Examination of Dr. Clarke's Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity, with a Confutation of it: inserted in an Exposition of some of the most difficult Places of the New Testament, by way of Paraphrase and Annotations, wherein the ninth Chapter of the Romans is set in a clear Light.' ***^'>****<- *^-"/ Catechism. But, upon the question, it Was carried by a majority of fifty-seven against fifty-three, ' That no human compositions or interpretations of the doctrine of the Trinity should be made a part of these Articles of Advice,' which they were met to draw up. How far the heats carried them on both sides, may be seen by what hap- pened at the division. One of those who were against human compositions, saying, as he went out, ' You that are against persecution, come up stairs;' and another who was for them, ' You that are for the doctrine of the Trinity, stay below.'"— Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xix. p. 3 J 6. * Dr. Kippis thinks that most of the present race of dissenting Clergy, will imagine Dr. Calamy lost some credit by not being one of the seventy-three ministers, who, as he expresses himself, carried it against sixty-nine for the Bible, in opposition to human formularies.— Biographia Britannica. Art. Calamy, [Edmund] 6p !§&4 THE HISTORY OF 1 7/0 innkdtn , On the 29th of June, .Amhurst, whose irregularities at Col- lege I have already hinted at, drew down on himself a sentence of expulsion.* What the particular and specifick charges against him were, we are not informed ; but, in general, he is said to have been expelled for the libertinism of his principles, the viciousness of his conduct, and some offence which be had given to the head of the College. -f From his own account of the matter, in the- dedication of his poems to Delauke,J and other publications,. * Gibber's Lives of the Poets, vol. v. p. 335. •\ New General Dictionary, vol. xiu p. 9- ■CilUf % AMhurst's relation of the causes of his/expulsion is entirely ironical till towards, the close of the dedication, he takes occasion to complain of some severities, which he alleges were used against him at the time of his expulsion. " You'll pardon me, good Sir, if I think it necessary for your honour, to mention; the many heinous crimes for which I was brought to shame. None were, indeed,, jrablickly alleged, against me at that time, because it might- as well be done after- wards ; sure old Englishmen can never, forget that there is such a thing as hanging a man first, and trying him afterwards : so fared it with, me ; my prosecutors first proved me, by an undeniable argument, to be no Fellow of St. John's College, and then. to., be the Lord knows what.. " My indictment may be collected out of the Faithful Annals of Common Fame,, which run thus : " Advices from Oxford say, that, on the 29th of June> 1719, one Nicholas Am- hukst, of St. John's College, was expelled. for the following, reasons: — " Imprimis, For loving foreign turneps and Presbyterian Bishops. " Item, For ingratitude to his benefactor, that spotless martyr, Wiljiam Laud.. *' Item, For believing that steeples and organs are not necessary to salvation. " Item, For preaching without orders, and praying without a commission. " Item, For lampooning Priestcraft and petticoat craft. " Item, For not lampooning the government and the revolution* ? - *' Item, For prying into secret history. " My natural modesty will not permit me, like other apologists,, to vindicate my- self in any one particular ; the whole charge is so artfully drawn up, that no reasonable person would ever think the better of me, should I justify myself till Doomsday. — But I must complain of one thing, whether reasonable or not let the world judge. " When I was voted out of your College, and the nuisance was thereby, removed, I thought the resentment of the holy ones would have proceeded no further; I am merchant-Taylors' school. 955 \ye may collect that he wished to have it understood, that ne was solely persecuted for the liberality of his sentiments, and his at- tachment to the cause of the revolution and the Hanover succes- sion. But there is no doubt he had been guilty of real misbe- haviour : it is apparent from an attentive consideration of even his own history of the affair, that he had been guilty of impru- dencies and irregularities, which furnished not only ostensible but statutable reasons for his being excluded from the College. The sentence, however, for expelling him was not unanimous, Out of fourteen Fellows who were present, four expressed their dissent. And Am hurst insinuates that those four were afterwards severely persecuted for having voted in his favour.* On the 23d of August'/^EE, the Non-juror, died at Gravelines^ in Flanders. He was a man of most extensive learning, l?ut too^J apt to pry into nice and curious questions in mystical divinity. Hence his becoming a Proselyte to Bourignonism, and other de- scriptions of enthusiasm; from all which, however, he was recor vered some time before his death.f The Lady Abbess of Grave- sure the cause of virtue and sound religion I was thought to offend, required no more : nor couid it be of any possible advantage to the Church, to descend to my private affairs, and stir up my creditors in the University to take hold of me a^ a disadvan- tage, before I could get any money returned ; but there are some persons in the world, who think nothing unjust or inhuman in the prosecution of .their implacable revenge."— See also Cibber's Lives of the Poets, vol. v. p. 335—337. * terras Filius, vol. ii. p. 247—253. u f " The copy of a declaration, read and declared upon Easter Day, by Mr, Fran- ce Leigh, M.A. Licentiate inPhysjck, 1718, April 13, betwixt the reading of the* sentences at the Offertory and the Prayer for the State of Christ's Church, &c> io the Oratory or private Chapell of his brother Mr. William Leigh, Dyer, in Spittle- Fields, addressed to the Reverend Mr. James Daillon Count de Lude then, pffici- « J Francis Leigh, an unworthy member of the Catholick Church,, do in my own nine, and in the name of my family, claim this day the right of Catholick Com- 95$ THE HISTORY OS lines, "from admiration of his worth and goodness, procured him to be buried as near to the Abbey Church,, as the prejudices of of the Apostles, and their immediate successors : and" that I or mine may not have any part or fellowship in any of the disorders, corruptions, superstitions, heresies,, schisms, additions, mutilations, or defects, which have been at any time introduced from their day even to this, by any body, party, or sect whatsoever, voluntarily or involuntarily, openly or clandestinely, maliciously or ignorantly, from deliberation or surprize, out of fear or favour, prejudice or presumption, pride or folly, human reason or imagination, by misinterpretation or misapplication of the rule at the first delivered, by credulity or ipcredulity, by imposition or dispensation, in synods or out of synods, with authority' or without authority, under rightful pastors, or usurpers and intruders, into the faith or worship,, discipline or ministration of the Church: I do hereby, for myself and for them, in the presence of God and his Angels, disclaim all manner of. communion in that which is not exactly according to the- rule given in the beginning by the Holy Ghost> on whose blessed guidance I seek to rely according to the pro- mise. And for as much as at this- time there are everywhere, by the^maliceof the enemy, tares sown among the wheat, and both faith and charity hath waxed cold, and there are endless divisions and disputes among those professing themselves the Disciples of the meek and humble Jesus, and numberless innovations and deviations, from that perfect and original draught of' our most holy religion, which was given first at Jerusalem, and thence went forth into all the world : and because the day approacheth.when the tares shall be separated from the wheat, and every ones works shall' be tryed* as by fire; that I may be approved of God in that day, and may be able to stand the fiery tryall, I could not but make this solemn declaration upon this great festival, and at this very critical juncture, after my utmost and sincerest endea- vours for Catholick unity upon Catholick principles, for the first faith and the first love, which was among Christians : and washing my hands of having any share in the pre- sent divisions, which rend the body of Xt. without end. I judge not, that I' may jaot be judged : I condemn not, that I may not be condemned; I" divide not, that I may not be divided : and leave all judgment to Him to whom properly it belongeth; being resolved, by the blessing of God, to stand in my lot, and to hold fast that which is committed to me, and not to me only, but to all that bear the name of Christ. " Wherefore I meekly desire this day to be admitted to His table, and to partake with all that are here present, in the communion of His body and blood, according to the truth of His most holy institution, hoping that He will send down His holy Spirit for that purpose upon the elements set apart by His command, and upon as many as shall be made partakers thereof. And my intention is known before God, not to merciiant-taylors' school. Romanists would allow to a Heretick. But, ere long, some mem- bers of that communion, thinking it would redound to the honour of their Church to reckon him among them, gave it out that he communicate with a part, but with the whole body of the universal Church, both in> Heaven and earth, as quickened by one and the same universal Spirit, and redeemed by the blood of one Mediator. And accordingly I do from the heart declare this my purpose, intention, and resolution, to witness, by the precious seals of the new cove- nant, my siedfast belief of, and adherence to, the Communion of Saints in the one Holy Catholick and Apostolick Church, beseeching Almighty God to inspire all Chris- tians, howsoever divided or distinguished* with the spirit of" truth, unity,, and concord ;. that we may all continue stedfastly in the Apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers:, and by his Spirit to correct what is amiss,, to re- move what is superfluous, to supply what i&defective, and to help the infirmities of us all in the celebration of the holy offices, throughout the whole militant Church upon earth. And this, as my authentick act and deed, I am now come hither to seal before God the judge of all, and before an innumerable company of His Angels and the general assembly and Church of the first born, enrolled in the heavenly Jerusalem,, the mother of us all ; joyning herein with, all Catholick and orthodox. Christians dis- persed throughout the whole earth at this day, and with all the generations of the faithfull from the beginning of the world to this time, and all the spirits of the just which either are made perfect, or shall be made so». to the end of the world. In tes- timony whereof I subscribe my name upon the feast of our Lord's Resurrection, as. X hope for a part in the first Resurrection. c " Francis Lee." Rawlinson's MSS. No. S35i. " Hearne to Rawlinson. April 2,17 31. " I know nothing of Mr. Roach but what you tell me. Dr. Lee, of your College,, was also for some time a Bouxignonist; But I believe was brought off many years be- fore his death." " Hearne to Rawlinson-.. Ap. 26, 1731. " I knew nothing of Mr. Rich. Roach till you told me. Dr. Lee, (bo they called! him, and often Rabbi Lee,), of your College, was once a great Bourignonist ; but I think he happily relinquished those principles, and died a very honest man. Dr.. .Haywood, of your College,.hath written his life, but.it is not yet printed that I know of. Mr. Oldisworth formerly perused it, and wrote strictures on it, but what they are I know not. This Mr. Oldisworth I believe is somewhere now jn London, and was, ©nee of Hart Hall, but took no degree.:' g58 the histouy or died in their faith, in proof of which they took up his body, and re-interred it within the walls of the ,Church. So that though respect for his virtues gained him a decent sepulture out of doors, it was a politick esteem of" his character that procured for his remains their subsequent and permanent repose.* His works were numerous but anonymous.^ # " Sir, u May 25th. " The inclosed is what you desired. Mr. Law has the Life of Dr. Lee, written by Dr. Haywood in his possession, and there are many things in it which are a sollide confutation of that abominable lie which the Papists invented of Dr. Lee's dying a Roman C. For a blind they raised Dr. Lee's body and burryed it in the church ; but upon what I said to Mr. Gunstone, Priest, who went by the name of Sharp, the story was in a good measure ; for they dare not openly tell it, since they found that I have such documents to prove the contrary, and which I told him I would certainly publish, to their shame, if I found they went on in tel- ing it. I am, Sir, ** Y'r, &c. A. C. *' This Sharp (Gunstone) had the impudence to nlarry a widow gentlewoman, whom I know, by his own name, concealing his being a Romish Priest, and when he had spent her fortune, he turned her off and took up with a married woman by whom he had more than one child. " J shall ever have you in my mind more than ever for your dear father's sake, whom I shall continually have before mee eyes with respect and admiration of his worth and goodness. I got leive to buiy him very decently in our extrea quarters; for the litle diferance that is between us in relidgon makes people presise here in that pointe, but I my friends body to be left mee. u Ag st y* 27, 1719, New stile. *' That this is a true copy of a part of the Lady Abbas of Gravelin's letter Written to Deborah Jemaima Lee, only child to Dr. Francis Lee, upon her father's death} the original of which I saw read, and that this pain of it was copyed and written by Mr. Lee, silk dyer, elder brother to Dr. Lee, in my presence and in my chambers in the Midle Temple, I do solemnly attest. ., A. CAMPBELL. " This Deborah Lee was since mar- ried to James De La Fountain. } MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 959 When the King passed over to Hanover, Archdeacon Boulter wa& recommended to attend him. in quality of Chaplain. During " N-.B, The Popish Lie of Dr. Lee's dying a Rapist, was not then hatched'. " N.B. Also, that, in the MS. Life of Dr. Lee, written by the Rev. Dr. Hay- wood, there are severall shee,ts fully proving that Dr. Lee did not dy a Papist, butt af the, Church, ofc England. " To Dr. Rawlingson> at London-House, in Aldersgate - Street,, London." Rawlinson's MSS. No. 335. •f " Francis ens Lee, Beneficib Societatis privatus quod noluit Fidelitatem Regi Jacobo secundo praestitam Auriaco PrinGipi transferre 1690. Vir fuit in omnigena; Literatura, prsecipue sacra, apprime versatus, quam testantur Opera ejus doctissima, sine Nomine edita, qualia sunt Liber Precum, et The History of Montanism, by &< Lay Gentleman, cum aliis ejusdem-Naturse aViro admodumReverendoGeorgioHickes,. Thetfordiensi Episcopo Suffraganeo editum in 1709, Londini, 8vo.. obiit in partibus transrnarinis apud Gravelines ubi sepultus est 1719- " Edidit ' Memoirs of the Life of Mr. John Kettlewell, sometime Fellow of Lin- coln College in Oxford, and Vicar of Coleshill in Warwickshire in the Diocese of Litchfield. Wherein is contained some Account of the Transactions of his Time,, compiled from the Collections of Dr. George Hickes, and Robert Nelson, Esq. with several original Papers, London, 1718, 8vo. " The Unity of the Church and Expediency of Forms of Prayer, illustrated in two Treatises composed by' St. Cyprian, the martyr, to which is prefixed a large Preface, shewing that Christians of all Denominations, whether Papists or Protestants, are obliged to heal and compose the Divisions of Christendom, and thereby restore to- themselves the Name of the One Catholick and Apostolick Church. With a Prayer for the Dead and a Paraphrase on the Lord's Prayer by the late pious and learned' Dr.Grabe. Lond.. 1719, oct. " An Epistolary Discourse concerning the Books of Ezra, genuine and spurious- but more particularly the second Apocryphal Book under that Name, and the vari- ations of the Arabick Copy from the Latin, together with a new Version of the- Fourth Book of Esdras, &c. published by a Friend after his death, [Tho. Hay- wood, D.D.] London, 1722, oct. , m « Vide Atheix. Oxon,vol.ii. edit. 1721, p. 1087, et plura, p. 920." /f^**^/ Rawlinson's Hist. 960 THE HISTORY OF his abode there he took a good deal of pains to learn the German language, in which nevertheless he did not arrive at any great perfection. However, at the King's instance, he took Prince Fre- derick under his care, to instruct him in the English tongue ; and for that purpose drew up rbr his use a set of instructions in writ- ing, which, together with his great moderation and sweetness of temper, riveted him in the King's favour, and caused his Majesty to lay hold of the earliest opportunity of promoting him in the Church, which soon happened. Eor, while he was at Hanover, the Bishoprick of Bristol and Deanery of Christ Church, Oxford, became vacant by the death of Dr. George Smalridge on the 27th of September. And the news arriving thereof at Hanover, the King of his mere motion granted him the Deanery, and recom- mended him to the See of Bristol, to which he was consecrated on the 15th of November.* On the 23d of May, 1720, Blake, Prebendary of Chester and York, was preferred to the Archdeaconry of York by his great and constant patron Archbishop Dawes. -j- Berriman had so effectually recommended himself, by his polemical performances last year, to the notice of Dr. Robinson, Bishop of London, that he was appointed his Lordship's domes- tick Chaplain, and so well satisfied was that Prelate with his inte- grity, abilities, and application, that he consulted and entrusted him in most of his concerns, both spiritual and secular.j John Gilman, on retiring from the second Under-mastership of Merchant-Taylors', published, for the use of the school, an edition of Xenophon's Memorabilia, with Notes ; in transcribing and arranging which for the press he received considerable assist- * Biographia Britannica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] t Ravvlinson's MSS. No. 871. J Biographia_Britannica, Art. Berriman, [William] MERCHANT-fAY LORS' SCHOOL. £61 ance from Edmund Day, one of the Monitors, as he very politely acknowledged in the preface.* In the Course of July, died Pars el if, Head Master of Mer- ^ chant«-Taylors',-f- having a few days l^efore dedicated the third edition of his Latin Translation of the Book of Common Prayer to his schoolfellow Archbishop Dawes. J And about the same time died Duncan Dee, Common Serjeant of the city of Lon- < / don, the intrepid defender of SacheverelL * " Susceptojam Negotio, max insigniores quadam Editiones (cum nullos hujusce Opm- culi Mdnustfiptos Codices nostra suppeditet Britannia) comparanda invicem videbaritur. Imprimis dutem dua Stephanies. Leunclaviante item dua:, et -una Welliana sedulo conqui- runtur. Binaque priores satis amplam, nee tamen inutilem Annotationum Messem pra- buerunt : quas accurate descripsit, suumque singulas in Ordinem disposuit, nee indoctus nee illepidus Juvenis Edmundus Day tunc Temporis Schola Mercatorum Scissorum Londini, nunc verd Cottegii nostri Alumnus et Socius." f " Thomas PaesEll, in Sch. Merc. Sciss. Lon. educa'tus, in Coll. Divi Joan. Bapt. Anno 1693> cooptatus. A.B. in "Presbift&ratus ordinem ab Ep~o Londinensi (ComptoA) 26 Maii, 1700, A.M. 12 Ap. 1701. S.T.B. 16 Ap. 1706, ex Ostiariis Merc. Sciss. et demum Archididascalus Schola locum Collegii cessit 1707, uxoratus, et Liturgiam Ecclesitz Anglicana plus vice simplici edidit, obiit Anno 1720, Die Julii. — Edidit " Compendium SyntaXis ErasmtOna, or a Compendium of Erasmus's Syntax, with an English Explication and Resolution^ by the Rules according to both Antient and Modern Grammarians and Criticks in mum Schola Mercatorum Scissorum, Lond. Lond. 1 702, oct. Mifhrtw But, to return to Oxford. Whatever were the causes of Am- hurst's expulsion from St Johns., hiss resentment on account of it was very great. He made it his business to satirize the learning and discipline of the University,, and to expose thecha- meters of several gentlemen*, who were deemed some of its. moat respectable members.:]; This he did in his ' Terrae Filius^^ a woyk * His brother, James Sherard,. was QriginaJJy a*i apothecary, and afterwauda a physician- He was ajs.o a good botanist, and died 12 February, l%$7. r~Bultm%t'*> Sketches of Botany t p. 150 — 153. t Ibid. $ New Qerwral Dictionary, vq], xii. p. &. § The whole, title of the work, is* ' Tease. Filius ; of the Secret History of Oxford, consisting of Miscellaneous Assays upon, the said University of Oxford,, To. which is added an Appendix, containing Reraajks at large on a late Rook intituled Umiw^Hf Education, by R. Newton, D.D. Principal of Hart {lull' t»oiid. 172& 2 vol-, \fyae. There was afterwards published a second Edition^ with a. Letter to Dr. Mather, ^ice- Chancellor of Oxford, on his Prohibition of the Publication or sale of the Booki in th»t University. — Rawlimon's MSS. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. $65 in which there is a considerable portion of wit, intermixed with much abuse and scurrility ; but which, amidst all the malignity and exaggeration with which it abounds, contains: some curious anecdotes relating to the principles, manners, and conduct of the University for a few years after the accession of George I. It was a periodical paper, which came out twice a week in single half sheets in folio, and consisted of fifty numbers.* About this time Wilcox, who had last year preached before the House of Commons, was made Prebendary of Westminster. On the 25th of November he was elected Bishop of Gloucester. And an the^3d of December be was consecrated.-f Next day Berrimast preached at St. Paul's before the captives redeemed by the late treaty with the Emperour of Morocco, and shortly after his sermon on this interesting occasion was published by the command of Bishop Robinson. But the most remarkable production of the press this year was a volume entitled ' Primitive Morality, or the Spiritual Homilies of St. Macarius the Egyptian,* edited for the first time from a manuscript in the Bodleian Library,, by Thomas Haywood, Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. On the 13th of February, 1722, one Norman, a dissenting Preacher at Portsmouth, opened a new Meeting-house, at Peteis- field in Hampshire, with a sermon, which he shortly after published under the title of ' The Nature and Extent of Christ's Church con- sidered, &c.' Lowtii, Prebendary of Winchester, in whose parish * It had been an ancient custom (as Amhurst observes in braTerrae Filius, vol. ii. p. 1,) in the University of Oxford, at Publiefc Act, some person, who was called Terne Filius, to mount the rostrum, and divert a large crowd of spectators, who flocked to hear him from all parts, with a merry oration in the Feseennino man- ner, interspersed with secret history, raillery, and sarcasm, as the occasion of the times supplied him with matter. Wood, in his Athense, mention* several instances- of this custom; and from hence it was that Amhurst took the title of his work.— Biographia Britannica. Art. Amhurst, (Nicholas) Note B. f On the 22d of that month he was installed in his CathedraL— Razelinson's MSS*. 966 THE HISTORY OF this new Meeting-house was situate, took no notice of this dis- course, that he might not furnish the Dissenters with a pretence for engaging him in controversy, and contented himself with preaching and publishing, in June following, a sermon, entitled * The Characters of an Apostolical Church fulfilled in the Church of England, and our Obligations to continue in the Communion of it.'* But though his single object was to confirm his parishion- ers in their communion with the establishment, it produced ' Remarks' from Norman, in which that writer considered Lowth's Characters of an Apostolical Church, asserted and maintained the Dissenters' right to them, defended the call and ordination ©f their Ministers, vindicated their publick worship, and at- tempted to prove his reflections on their assemblies unjust and groundless.-^ Meanwhile, the Quakers having petitioned the Commons for leave to bring in a Bill for taking out of their solemn affirmation the words, ' In the Presence of Almighty God/ a Bill passed the House for that purpose, and was sent up to the Lords, where it occasioned a long debate, in which Bishop Atterbury expressed his astonishment that such distinguishing indulgence should be allowed to a set of people who were hardly Christians. Arch?. bishop Dawes went still further, and proved that Quakers were no Christians at all. And when the Bill was committed, his Grace presented a petition against it from some of the London * This sermon was preached in the Church of Petersfield on the 17th of June, was printed at London, and soon ran through two editions.—" The author thought it his duty to preach it, in order to confirm his parishioners in their communion with the Church of England ; and by the desire of several friends, was prevailed with to pub- lish il, not thinking it proper to deny the request of those to whom he was a debtor, to promote their edification by the best means he could." — Biographia Britannica. Art. Lowth, [William] t Norman's 'Remarks, &c.' were published at London in 1723.— Ibid. MERCHANT-TAYLOBS"' SCHOOL. g6j Clergy.* He also moved for a clause, that the Quakers' affirma- tion should not be admitted in any suit at law for tithes. Buty # « Setting forth ' That, as the Bill might, ia its consequences, nearly affect the property of the subject in general, so it would, in a more especial manner, indanger the legal maintenance of the Clergy by tithes, inasmuch as the people called Quakers- pretend to deny the payment of tithes upon a principle of conscience ; and therefore might be under strong inducements to ease their consciences in that respect, by vio- lating them in another, when their simple affirmation, on behalf of friends of the. same persuasion, shall pass in all Courts of Judicature for legal evidence. However, that the injuries, which the Petitioners in their private affairs might possibly suffer, were, as they ought to be, of small account with them, in comparison of the mis- chiefs, which might redound to society from the indulgence intended,, as it seemed to imply, that justice may be duly administered, and government supported, without, the intervention of any solemn appeal to God as a witness of the truth of what is said, by all persons, in all cases of great importance to the common welfare ; whereas the Petitioners were firmly persuaded, that an oath was instituted by God himself, as the surest bond of fidelity among men, and. hath been esteemed, and found to be- so by the wisdom and experience of all nations in all ages. But that what chiefly, moved the Petitioners to apply to their Lordships, was' their serious concern, lest the minds of good men should be grieved and wounded, and the enemies of Christianity triumph, when they should see such condescensions made by a Christian Legislature to a set of men, who renounce the divine institutions of Christ ; particularly that, by which the faithful are initiated into His religion, and denominated Christians ; and who cannot, on this account, according to the uniform judgment and practice of the Catholic Church, be deemecf worthy of that sacred name. The Petitioners moreover represented, that upon the best information they could get, the instances, wherein any Quaker hath refused the solemn affirmation prescribed by an act in the seventh and eighth years of William III. had, from the passing that act to that day, been exceeding rare ; so that there might be ground to hope, that the continued use of the, said solemn affirmation would, by degrees, have entirely cured that people of all those unreasonable prejudices against an oath> which the favour designed them by the bill might tend to strengthen and confirm. And the Petitioners humbly left it to their Lordships' wise deliberations, whether such an extraordinary, indulgence granted to people already, as is conceived, too numerous,, might not contribute to multiply their sect, and tempt persons to profess themselves Quakers, in order to be exempted from the obligation of oaths, and to stand upon a foot of privilege, not allowed to the best Christians in the kingdom.' "— TindaVs Continuation of Rapw, vol. xix, pp.446, 447. 968 THE HISTORY OF after some further debate, the Bill was gone through, and sent back to the Commons.* In April, Berriman was collated by Bishop Robinson, as a proof of his approbation, to the living of St. Andrew Undershaft; and, on the 25th of June, he accumulated at Oxford the degrees of Bachelor and Doctor in Divinity. About this time Charles Wheatly, late Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, published the fourth edition of ' A rational Illus- tration of the Book of Common Prayer of the Church of Eng- land ; wherein Liturgies in general are proved lawful and neces- sary, and an historical Account is given of our own : the several Tables, Rules, and Kalendar are considered, and the seeming Dif- ferences reconciled : all the Rubricks, Prayers, Rites, and Cere*- monies are explained, and compared with the Liturgies of the Primitive Church : the exact Method and Harmony of every Office is showed, and all the material Observations are observed, which have at any time been made since the first Common Prayer Book of King Edward VI. with the particular Reasons that occa- sioned them. The whole being the Substance of every Thing Liturgical in Bp. Sparrow, Mr. L'Estrange, Dr. Comber, Dr. Nichols, and all former Ritualists, Commentators, or others, upon the same Subject ; collected and reduced into one continued and regular Method, and interspersed all along with new Obser- vations.' This was followed by ' A practical Exposition of the Book of Common Prayer by the Right Rev. Father in God Anthony Spar- row, D.D. late Lord Bishop of Norwich, with his Caution to his Diocess against false Doctrines, and his famous Sermon of Con- fession and the Power of Absolution. To which are prefixed the Lives of the Compilers of the Common Prayer and an historical * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xix. pp. 446, 447- merchant-Taylors' school. 969 Account of its several Reviews, and all the material Differences of K. Edward's Liturgy from the present inserted at length.' The editor was Samuel Do wnes,* formerly Fellow of St. John's Colle ge, Oxf ord, ejected thence for not taking the oaths, andT recently ordained Deacon and Priest by the Non-juring Bishop SpinCkes. He was a young man of great promise, but cut off within a few months after this publication.^ On the 20th of October, A died the conscientious Ambrose Bon- wicke, who, on being dismissed from the Headship of Merchant- Taylors' for refusing the oath of allegiance to King William, had * " Samuel Downes natus 23 Feb. I69f, in Sch. Merc. Sciss. Lond. admiss. 10 Oct. 1705 in Socium probat. Coll. Di. Jo. Bapt. elect. 1715 loco Roberti Burd, A.M. *. et Anno 1718 e Societate ejectus ob Juramenta recusata, deinde commoratus est in suo Collegio sicut Jurista non graduatus per reliqui Anni Partem, sed postea, se ad Londinum contulit, ubi in sacrum diaconatus ordinem festi Divi Matthias, viz. 24 Feb. 1744> et deinde Presbyteratus in ordinem admissus 25 Aprilis, 1720, a Viro admodum Reverendo Nathan. Spinckes, A.M. (Ecclesias Anglicanae Episcopo) in Oratorio pri- vate R.R. LL.D. et R.S.S. apud Grey's Inne Com. Middlesex. Obiit Londini, 5 Jan. 172J, et sepultus in f'ano Di. Albani, "Wood-Street." — Rawlinson's MSS. No. 318. f He also published ' An Abridgment of the Controversy between the Church of England and the new Pseudo-primitives, wherein the chief Arguments on each Side are proposed in so short and plain a Method as may render it generally useful, even to Persons of the meanest Capacity. In a Dialogue between Neophytus an Essentialist Clergyman, and Irenanis a Layman of the Church of England, Lond. 1720, 8vo. dated 31 March, 1720, and signed S. D. ' The True Church of England Man's Companion in the Closet : or a Compleat Manual of Private Devotions, collected from the Writings of Archbishop Laud, Bp. Andrewes, Bp.Ken, Dr.Hickes, Mr.Kettlewell, Mr. Spinckes, and other eminent Di- vines of the Church of England, with a Preface by the Rev. Mr. Spinckes, 2d Edit. 1722, 12mo.' In page 42 of the preface, the editor is thus mentioned, " collected from seve- ral, of the greatest writers, by a gentleman of great piety, ingenuity, and industry, Who, if ft please God to prolong his life, is like to prove a considerable ornament to the C\inrGh."~^Rawlinsan'sMSS. Ibid. 6h 970 THE HISTORY OF kept a school at Headley in Surrey.* He left behind him in ma- nuscript an account of his dear Ambrose^ the principal incidents in whose short life and untimely death have already been noticed. It was found, accompanied by a letter, addressed to. his wife,, in Y> * '* Ambrose Bonwiske, an- English Dtvine, son of* the Rev; John Bonwicke, Rector of Mickleham in Surrey, removed from M. T.'s to St. John's, in 1668, where he was appointed Librarian in 1670; proceeded to the Degree of B.A. 1673, M.A. 18 March 1675, ordained J>eacon 21. May 1676, Priest 6June 1680, B.D. 21 July 1682; he was appointed Master of M. T.'s 9 June 1686. In 1689, St, John's Coll, petitioned that he might continue for- life, but he was dismissed at Xmas I69I", f6r- re- fusing the oath of allegiance. He afterwards kept a school at Headley in Surrey, and, brought up many excellent scholars. By his wife, Elizabeth Stubbs, he had twelve children, some of whom were educated' at Merchant-Taylors'."*— Ahecdotes- of Bowyer^ p. 14. His correspondence with Mr. Blechynden concerning the oaths, with many of his College exercises, and letters to his father; are to be seen in Bowyer's Miscellaneous Tracts. " A Latin copy of verses by Ambrose Bonwicke, S.T.B. GoH. Biv. Jo. Bapfr. Soc. is in the Oxford collection, on the death of King Charles H; 1685." — Biogra- phical Dictionary, Art. Bonwicke. " Ambrosius Bonwicke, Archididascalus Schola Mercatorum Scissorum Londinen* sium, Munere functus est non sine Laude, sed bona Conscientice ergo amotus I69O, obik apud Hadley Com. Surriensi 20 Octob. 1722. In usum Amicorum post-Mortem Schedam volantem suis Sumptibus imprimi fecit Gulielnius Bowyer, non ita pridem Joannensis Cantabrigia Pensionarius, posteaque Typographus*— ** To the Memory of : the truly pious Sir George Freeman, Knight of the Bath, his ever honoured Godfather.' 7 Stanzas foL sine Anni eera." — RR. Hist. Coll. Di. Joan. Bapt. Oxon, An. 1669, It appears from the following entry in Wanley's Harleian Journal,- that some of Bonwicke's MSS. were purchased by Lord Oxford. — "Sept. 11, 1725* The last night, being in company with Mr. Moses Williams, he told me, that he had that day seen, in the hands of young Mr. Bowyer, a small parcel of MSS. which were to be sold. Hereupon I went to Mr. Bowyer this day, and bought them for my Lord in his absence : they will be all marked with the date of this day. These books [seven in number, for which Lord Oxford paid seven guineas,} formerly belonged to the Rev. and learned Mr. Ambrose Bonwicke deceased, who was formerly Headmaster of The Merchant-Taylors' School in London." — Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer, 4to. p. 505, merchant-Taylors' school. 971 which he particularly bequeathed two guineas to another of his sons for the trouble he would have in ushering it into the world.* On the 18th of November, Boulter preached his farewell ser- mon at St. Olave's, Southwark, and was requested by the gentle- men of the Vestry to publish it, with which he complied. Calamy published his Sermons on the Trinity; together with a Vindication of that celebrated Text, 1 St. John, v. 7. The book was dedicated to the King, who gave the author, when he pre- sented it, a most gracious reception, and afterwards ordered him a gratuity of fifty pounds. Calamy likewise received the thanks * " My dearest, Undated. " You were thinking, quickly after dear Ambrose's death, that an account of his life might be of some benefit to the world. I have here drawn it up as well as 1 could : if any thing material be omitted, dear Jemmy, by your direction, will be able to supply it. He therefore must be let into the secret ; and I depend upon you two, that it shall for ever be a secret to all the world beside, who was the author. He must therefore take the trouble of transcribing it as soon as he comes hither after my death, for which I bequeath him the two inclosed guineas : and if my dear friend Mr. Roper be living, I would have that copy be shewed him by Jemmy as of his own motion, and wholly submitted to his judgment, to be altered as he shall think fit. t would have my good friend Mr. Browne's consent likewise procured (if it maybe) for the publishing his letter in this account. And if Mr. Jackson and Mr. Newton are willing to make any alterations in their verses, pray let it be done before they are published. I hope, my dearest, you will be at the charge of printing it handsomely; and if your bookseller be faithful, it is possible that charge may be made up to you again in a little time. You will, I know, think it proper that the Master of the Col- lege, Mr. Roper, Mr. Baker, and Mr. Verdon, dear Ambrose's special benefactors, should fee presented with these better bound than ordinary ; and that Jemmy should give his tutor one handsomely bound, and distribute about a score among the lads, where he thinks they may do most good. I am sorry I must bequeath you both this trouble; but if by this means one soul be gained, your reward will be great. How- ever, I hope our good God will graciously accept the honest intention of us all, through the merits of our blessed Saviour Jesus Christ. Amen."— Nichols's Jnecdotes of Bowyer, p. 533. 6n2 V 972 THE HISTORY OP of several Bishops and Deans, and other dignitaries of the Church.*- „ f f-j}fa j Haywood published a posthumous; work of his late friend, Lee, the Non-juror. It was entitled * An Epistolary Discourse con- cerning the Books of Ezra, genuine and spurious :. but more par- ticularly the second Apocryphal Book under that Name, and the Variations of the Arabick Copy from the Latin, together with a new Version of the fourth Book of Esdras, Scc.'-f On the last day of the year, Wilcox, Bishop of Gloucester* preached before the Societies for the Reformation of Manners. Meanwhile the dissentions at Petersfield remained unallayed- Lowth, however unwilling to be drawn into controversy, could not avoid noticing Norman's ' Remarks/ and therefore soon published * An Answer, wherein the Apostolical Institution of Episcopacy is vindicated from Exceptions ; and the Nature of Church Communion, and our Obligations to maintain it, are at large explained;' but, in conclusion, declared his wish to take leave of this controversy, that he might have leisure for the pro- secution of an undertaking of another nature, and more suitable to his, own inclination. This was his Commentary on the Pro- phets, and accordingly, in the course of a few months, he favoured the world with his volume on the Book of Ezekiel.J Among the minor incidents of the year 1723, Berriman lost his patron, the Bishop of London, who in testimony of his regard to his Chaplain, bequeathed him the fifth part of his large and valuable library.§ On Easter Monday, the 15th of April, Bishop Wilcox preached the Spital Sermon at St. Brides. On the 14th of * Biographia Britannica, Art. Calamy, [Edmund] •f See Note, page 958. \ Biographia Britannica. Art. Lowth, [William] % Ridley's Funeral Sermon on Dr. Berriman. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 973 June, John Gilbert, successively a member of Magdalen HaU,>/ Trinity, and Merlon Colleges, Oxford, and now Chaplain in Ordi- nary to; his Majesty, was installed Prebendary of Exeter.* On the 20th of that month, St^bbs, Archdeacon of St. Alban's, presented to the Bodleian Library twenty-one manuscripts on ecclesiastical matter^ On Michaelmas Day, Sir Gerard Conye rs, who had six years ago passed through the Sheriifalty with much credit* was elected Lord Mayor of the City of London + And, on Thurs- day, the 12th of December, Delaune, President of St, John's preached before- the Sons of the Clergy at their Anniversary Meet- ing at St. Paul's. „- , In the year 1724, John Austis* Esq. Garter King of Arms, * Rawlinson'sMSS. No. IO73. ">'* ' + " Royal Hospital, Greenwich, " Sir, ; . June 20, 1723. ; if . " These MSS. in number 21, under 16 marble covers, are frankly offered to the Bodleian Library : They were offered at formerly for (he !Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth, but his late Grace of Canterbury bidding f more for them by his agent the last Bp. (then Dean of Peterborough) than I thought agreeable to the worth: of them, the purchase was dropt ; and I think them, with submission,, not improperly preserved to such a time as this, when they may be, recommended to your learned body by their chief Magistrate, whose inclinations, office, and profession conspire all, to keep the most famous University in due honor and esteem, to protect our Ecclesiasti'calLaws and Courts front too many common invaders of them, and to assert the rights of a Christian Ministry, as to their station, maintenance, 8cc. against all opposers thereof, the subject matter of these papers : and, to the promoting whose respective interests they will be found to contribute highly, when a proper genius shall arise who will publish some of them as they are, or confirm them by modern cases. With this view they are presented by, Mr. Vice-chancellor, " Your most obliged, " Ph. S/tubbs. " To the Wbrshipfull Dr. Butler,. Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxon, at Magdalen College, " Humbly present. Oxon." % Maitland's History of London, vol ii. p. 1196; 974 THE HISTORY OF obliged the curious with the publication of ' A Comment upon the. Statutes of Henry VIII. of the Order, shewing from the Sta- tutes of that Order what Alterations there have been in the Law of the Garter, both before and since the Year 1631/ when the comment was written in Latin by Matthew Wren, at that time Registrar of the Garter, and afterwards Bishop of Ely. It is a document of great accuracy and authority, as the author ac- quaints us in a preface with the sources from which he collected his observations.* But the highest character is what was said, of it by that excellent antiquary Elias Ashmole : — " It is a work composed with a great deal of judgment, and exceeding useful; and had it been my good hap to have met therewith before I had so near finished this work, (' The Institution of the Order of the Garter/) the ready directions therein would have saved me much toil while I was composing it."-f- Lowth had long ago observed that some of our greatest Divines had more than once managed the controversy on Church communion with all the advantages whiqh strength of reason and calmness of temper could give . to any cause ; and yet, after all, with very little success. Nor was he himself more fortunate in his dispute with Norman. That stubborn and pertinacious Sectary rejoined with ' A Defence' of his Remarks, in which he affected. to give Lowth's Remarks, full consideration, to examine impartially his Arguments for the Apostolical Institution of Episcopacy and his Explication of the Nature of Church Communion, and to enter into a complete vindication of the rights, principles, ministry, and worship of Protestant Dissenters. But Lowth did not at all, repent of the resolution he had taken of having no more to do with one whom he thought a very unfair adversary, at least of * See Anstis's Register of the most noble Order of the Garter. Edit. 1724, fol. p. 294. t Ashmole's Institution of the Garter, § 2. p. 193. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. §7:5 troubling tire world no 'longer with this dispute. However, he drew up a full answer to Norman's Defence and sent it to him in manuscript; to which Norman, whose great object was publicity, returned a short answer by way of letter, waving all discussion of particulars, as his antagonist did not think proper to lay them before the publick. And, so the affair, which had already consumed too much of Lowth/s, valuable time,, dropped for ever.* On the 29th of March, John Byrcm,-^ formerly Fellow of Tri- nity College, Cambridge,, who,, during. his residence at the Univer- sity, had given a specimen of his poetical talents in. the beautiful and natural pastoral ' Colin to. Phoebe/ which was printed in the eighth volume of the Spectator, and has always been very much admkedjj was chosen,, under, the title of Master of Arts, a Fellow. * Biographia Brilannica, Art. Lowth, [WilliamJ f " John Byrom was bora at Kersall near Manchester, in 1691, and' was a younger, son of Mr. Edward Byrom, a linen draper, who was descended from a genteel family in Lancashire. Young Byrom. having received the first rudiments of his education at his native place, was removed, to Merchant-Taylors' School in London, in which excellent Seminary his genius soon began to display itself, and where he made such an extraordinary progress in classical learning, that he was destined for the University. Accordingly, at the age of sixteen, he was sent to Cambridge, and on the 6th of July,. 1.7,08, was admitted a Pensioner of Trinity. College, under the tuition of Mr. Baker. Iji the University he gave no greater share of. attention to logic and philosophy than was necessary to qualify him for his degrees. The bent of his inclination was to poetry. The first publick specimen of his talents this way, which is indeed the best of his poems, and has been, the chief ground of his poetical reputation, was inserted in the Spectator, No. 603, for October 6, 1714. He is said, likewise to have written,. in the same volume of the Spectator, two ingenious leUers on dreams. They are in No. 586 and 593. At Cambridge Mr. Byrom jgroceeded to take both his degrees in. Arts; and, in 1714, he was erros enJFellow of his College, the pleasantry and sweet- ness of, his temper, and the general sobriety and modesty of his manners, having;- recommended him to the particular notice and favour of Dr. Bentley the Master."- Biographia Britannica. Art. Byrom, [John] £ See Drake's Essays illustrative of the Spectator.. 976 • J° l THE HISTORY OF of the^ojal^ociety. But, as he has been handed down to us not only as a poetical writer, but as the inventor of a new Short Hand, it may not be uninteresting to notice the circumstances that led him to become a teacher of it. Being obliged by the statutes of his College to quit his fellowship, on account of not having entered into holy orders, and being not long after indisposed, he went to Montpelier for the recovery of his health. During his residence in France, he met with Father Malebranche's ' Search after Truth/ and some pieces of Mademoiselle Antoinette Bourig- non ; the consequence of which was that he came home strongly possessed with the visionary philosophy of the former, and the enthusiastick extravagances of the latter.* He had thoughts of applying to the practice of physic, but .did not proceed so far as to take a degree in that science; though, from that time, he usu- ally went, among his acquaintance, under the title of Dr. Byrom. But whilst he was in this undetermined state with regard to his choice of a profession, his mind was rendered still more unsettled by a love affair. Two daughters of his uncle, Mr. Joseph Byrom, a mercer at Manchester, having occasion to visit London, our poet became deeply enamoured of the younger of them, Miss Elizabeth Byrom. He made known his passion to her before she left London, and soon after followed her to Manchester, where, for a considerable length of time, he prosecuted his addresses with so much ardour, that he obtained the lady's consent. But he was not equally successful with her parents, who, being in opulent circum- stances, were extremely averse from the match. Notwithstanding this, he ventured to marry his cousin; and receiving no support ''from her father, what little fortune he had Of his own was soon exhausted. And it was in this exigence that he had recourse to the * " He was particularly fond of Malebranche's notion of seeing all things in God ; and it is evident, from his poems, that, in the latter part of his life, he was attached to Jacob Behmen." — Ibid. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 977 new method of writing short hand, which he had invented during his residence at Cambridge ; when some manuscript sermons being communicated to him, written in short hand, he easily discovered the true reading, but observing the method to be clumsy and ill- contrived, he set about inventing a better. The result of this was his own system, which is very beautiful and easy, and is usually known by the title of Byrom's Short Hand. He first taught it at Manchester; and after some time, leaving his wife, by her own consent, to the care of her relations in tha v pJace, he came to London, where he continued his instructions, for several years, and by this means he obtained a competent subsistence.* Whilst he was thus employed, he received a challenge from Weston, a famous competitor in the same art, the irregularity arid defects of whose method he had often humourously exposed. This challenge to a trial of skill was accepted ; and in the contest Byrom came off completely victorious, which increased the num- ber of his pupils, among whom were several gentlemen of rank and quality ; and particularly Lord Stanhope, afterwards the fa* mous Earl of Chesterfield. He also read a lecture to his scholars, upon the history and utility of Short Hand ; which being inter- spersed with the strokes of wit that were natural to him, was very entertaining. About the same time he became acquainted with that irregular genius Dr. Byfield, with whom he used to have skir- mishes of humour and repartee at the Rainbow Coffee- House, near Temple Bar. Upon that chymist's decease, who was the * " What rendered his situation less disagreeable was, that his business being chiefly confined to the Winter months, he had leisure to spend the Summer season at Man- chester with his family, which usually received an annual increase."— Biographia Bri- tannica. Art. BYrom, [John] 6i y 978 THE HISTORY O/F N inventor of Sal volatile oleosaim, {Bfilom wrote the following shotfi epitaph, impromptu — ' Hie jacet Dr. Byfield, diu volatilis, tandem Jixus.' * At length, the family estate at Kersall devolved to him, by the death of his elder brother, Mr. Edward Byrom, without issue. After this accession of fortune, the business of teaching Short Hand was not so assiduously pursued ; and he was at liberty fully to enjoy that conjugal felicity for which he had the highest relish;, and which was rendered exquisite by the undeviating .fidelity of his wife, whose affection .had never been, lessened by any of the trying events consequent on her.iaiarriage.-jf* Sir William Dawes, Archbishop of York, had now continued above ten years in that eminent station, honoured and respected by stll, when -a diarrtwiea, to which he had been subject several times before, coming to be attended with a fever, and ending in an inflainnratoom of his bowels, put a period to his life on the 30th of April/ in the fifty -third year of his age,$ The principal of those works which he published himself, have -already been mentioned^ Others were published aifter his decease. And all * Byrom used to be called ' Grand Master,' by his Short Hand scholars. — Uiogra- phia Britarmica. Art. Bytrom, [John} + Ibid. J Preface to his Works, pp. xxxii. xxxiii. § " Religion the only Happiness, a Poem in a Letter to a Friend. Lond. 1694, 4to. " A Sermon preached before the Eight Honourable the Ld. Mayor (Sir Edward Clarke, Knt.) and Aldermen at Guildhall CtaaipeH, on Sunday .the 1 1th of April, being the Anniversary of his Majesty's Coronation. Lond. J(697> 9 U - on Proverbs^., iv. 34. " Christianity best propagated by the good Lives of Xtians, a Sermon preached MERCH-ANT-TAYLOas' SCHOOL. TOere comprised) in three: volumes octavo*, under the title, ' The before the Gentlemen educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, at St. Mary-le-Bow Jan. 10, 1699, on Lond. P700, 4to. " Self lavev the great Cause oS bad Times, aStermon preached before, the Society o£ the Mystery of Goldsmith*,, at tihe Parish Church of St. Laurence Jewry, on Tues- day the 4th of Feb, 1701, 2Tim. iii. 1, 2* published at the Request of the Stewards. Lond. 1701, 4to. " The Nature and Excellency of the I>uty of Almsgiving, a Sermon preached at &e Parish 'Church of St. Giles in the Fields, Sunday, Nov. 17, 1706, on behalf of the Charity Schools settled in that Parish, eonsisttag of 86, Boys and 100 Girls, sh- ushed at the Request of the Tcuste.es. for the said Charity Schools; and others of the Hearers. Lond. 1706 and 1707, oct. 1 Tim. vi. 18, 19. " Sermons preached upon several Occasions, before King William and Queen Anne, tendon, 1707, 8Vo. dedicated' to Queen Anne. " A Sermon before the Society for the Propagation? of the Gospel in foreign Parts, *t the Parish Church of St. Mary4e-Bow, on Friday, Feb. 18, 1708-9,, representing the Obligations that lye on all Xtians in every Capacity to promote the Propagation of the Gospel, and showing how they may in their several Capacities be assisting thereto, on Lon. 1709, 4to. " A Sermon preached before the Right Hon. the Ld. Mayor; (Sir Chs. Duncombe,) the Aldermen, Sheriffs, and Governours of the several Hospitals, of the City of Lon- don, in St. Bridget's Church on Monday, in Easter Week, Apr. 25, 1709. Lond. L ^ 1709, 8yo. on Luke, xiv. vers. 12, 13, 14. " The much greater Blessedness of giving than receiving, a Sermon preached onr Tuesday, June 7, 1709, at a Meeting of the Clergy of the Archdeaconry of Chester, fop the relief of pooc Widows and Orphans of deceased Clergymen of the said Arch- deaconry,, published at the Request of the, Stewards, &c. of the said Meeting. Lond, 1709, 8vo. on Acts, xx. v. 35. " A Sermon preached before the Right Hon. the Lords Spiritual and Temporal at Westminster Abbey, on March 8, 1?12,, being the day on which her Majesty began her happy Reign. Lond. 1712, 8vo, " The Excellency of the Charity of Charity Schools, in a Sermon preached in the Parish Church "of St. Sepulchre, May 28, 1713, being Thursday in Whitson Week, at the Anniversary Meeting of the Children educated in the Charity Schools in and about the Cities of London and Westminster, published at the Request of several Gentlemen concerned in that Charity. Lond 1713, 4to. on Ephes. vi. 4. " He also drew up the Preface to the Works of Offspring Blackall, D.D. late Bishop of Exeter. London, 1723, fol. 2 volumes."— -Rawlinson's MSS. 61 2 980 THE HISTORY OF whole Works of the most Reverend Father in God Sir William Dawes, Baronet, late Lord Archbishop of York, Primate of Eng- land, and Metropolitan. With a Preface, giving some Account of the Life, Writings, and Character of the Author/* The figure of his body was tall, proportionable, and beautiful. There was in his look and gesture something easier to be conceived than de- scribed, that gained upon every one in his favour, even before he had spoken one word. His behaviour was easy and courteous to all. His civility free from the formality of rule, because it flowed immediately from his good sense. His conversation was lively without any tincture of levity, and cheerful without betraying the dignity of his high station. He had a genius well fitted for a scholar, a lively imagination, a strong memory, and a sound judg- ment. He was a kind and loving husband, a tender and indul- gent parent, and so extraordinary a master of his temper that he was never observed to be in a passion. He took care of the spi- ritual as well as the temporal welfare of his domesticks. So strict an observer was he of his word, that no consideration whatever could make him break it; and so inviolable in his friendship, that without the discovery of some essential fault indeed, he never departed from it. It was a great point of conscience with him, how he made promises, for fear of creating fruitless expectances. But when upon proper occasions he was induced to do it, he al- ways thought himself bound to employ his utmost interest to have the thing effected ; and till a convenient opportunity should pre- sent itself, was not unmindful to support the petitioner, if in mean circumstances, at his own expense. For charity was, indeed, the predominant quality of his soul. He visited his large diocess with great diligence and constancy, Nottinghamshire one year and Yorkshire another ; but every third * Published at London in 1733. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 981 year he did not hold any visitation. He performed all the offices of his function with becoming seriousness and gravity. He took great care and caution to admit none but sufficient labourers into his Lord's harvest; and when admitted, to appoint them stipends adequate to their labour. He administered justice to all with an equal and impartial hand ; being no respecter of persons, and making no difference between the poor and the rich, but espous- ing all into the intimacy of his bosom, his care, his affability, his provision, and his prayers. Both as a Bishop and a Peer of the Realm, he considered him- self as responsible for the souls committed to his charge in one respect, and as intrusted with the lives and fortunes of his fellow subjects in the other. If in some parliamentary debates, wherein he made a very considerable figure, he happened to dissent from other great men, who might have the same common good in view, but seemed to pursue it in a method incongruous to his senti- ments ; this ought to be accounted his honour and a proof of his integrity, but cannot with any colour of justice be deemed party prejudice or a spirit of contradiction in him, because those very men, whom he sometimes opposed, he at other times joined, whenever he perceived them in the right. The truth is, he dis- claimed all parties. His opinion was, that whoever enters the Senate-House, should always carry his conscience along with him; that the honour of God, the renown of his Prince, and the good of his fellow subjects should be, as it were, the polar star to guide him; that no multitude, though ever so numerous; no faction, though ever so powerful ; no arguments, though ever so speci- ous ; no threats, though ever so frightful ; no offers, though ever so advantageous and alluring, should blind his eyes, or pervert him to give any the least vote, not directly answerable to the sen- timents of his own breast.* * Preface to his Works, pp. xxxviii. xxxix. xlii— xlv. 982 THE HISTORY OF Such was the kind friend, the generous patron*, the worthy pa> triot, the devout. Christian, the laborimus Prelate, whose remains were with great sofeouiity' conveyed? to Cambridge! for interment hi the Chapel of Catharine Hall, wheire hisi Lady* bad been buried many years before-* Dr. Snape, the Vice-chancellotf, • who officii ated at. the funeral, walked before the corpse* Br. Bemnefc the head of Trinity, Dr. Ashton of Jesus, Dr. Savage of Emanuel, Dr. Jenkins of St. John's, Dv. Edmonson of Catharine Hall!, and Dr. Warren of Trinity Hall, held up the palk, Sir William Mil- ner, his Grace's, son-in-law, was chief mourner. Then followed the ArchbishoptSidomestick servants. And after them the Fellows and Scholars of the House closed the mournful train.-}- On the two Sundays immediately following his Grace's deaths appropriate sermons were preached at St. Mary Stratford-Ie-Bow,. by Dr. War- ren the Rector, which were afterwards published at the earnest desire of the audience, and dedicated to the benefactors and trustees of all the charity schools in Great Britain and Lre* land 4 That the Church, however, might not be swallowed up of over much grief at the departure of this exemplary Prelate^ Bishop Boulter was more than; ordinarily assiduous in the visitation of his dioeess, and the discharge of his- pastoral duty, well knowing how nauchi the interest of religion depended upon, the lives and morals of the Clergy, and a faithful and diligent execution of the trust committed to them. While he was employed in the business of one of these visitations, he received a letter by a messenger * She died 22 December, 1705, in the 29th year of her age. By her he had seven children, William, Francis, William, and Thomas, who all died young; and Elizabeth, Jane, and Darcy that survived'. — Preface to his Works, p. ii. f From Dr. Rawlinson's MSS. it appears that the funeral took plac/a on the Thurs- day before the 7 th of May. % Rawlinson's MSS. MERCHANT-TAYLOR^ SCHOOL. 983 from the Secretary of State, acquainting him that his Majesty had nominated him to the Archbisho prick of Armagh and Ptimacy of Ireland, then vacant by the death of Dr. Thomas Lindsay on the 13th of July, and desiring him to repair to London as soon as passible, to kiss the King's hand for his promotion. What would have given joy to many others, to this good Bishop afforded only matter of grief; and it has been asserted, on indisputable testi- mony, that he never appeared more disconcerted in his life, than upon receiving the news of the King's pleasure. He consulted with his own thoughts for some hours, and then advised with such of his friends as were present, how he should conduct himself on this occasion. At length he called for pen and ink, and sent an answer by the messenger, refusing the honour the King intended him, and requesting the Secretary to use his good offices with his Majesty in making his excuse. Whether his refusal was owing to an unwillingness in him to quit his native country, or to a timor- ©usness of accepting a charge, which his great modesty judged to be too weighty for him to support, must be left a doubt to posterity. But this may be affirmed with certainty, that the people of Ire- land were upon the point of losing a man, for whom they will ever have reason to be thankful to God and the King. The mes- senger was despatched back to him by the Secretary with the King's absolute commands, that he should aecept of the post. He submitted to his Majesty's pleasure, though not without some reluctance, and addressed himself to his journey to Court. The fact is, that Ireland was at that juncture not a little inflamed by a ruinous project set on foot by one Wood,* and it was thought * " This project was a patent Wood had obtained from the Crown, by fake sug- gestions, for coining three hundred and sixty tons of copper into halfpence and far- things, to be issued in Ireland ; of which he sent over great quantities struck in a base metal and under weight. All ranks and degrees of people murmured at this proceed- ing. The Parliament, the Lords Justices,, and Council, and the County and City of 984 THE HISTORY OP by the King and Ministry, that the judgment, moderation, and wisdom of Bishop Boulter would tend much to- bring back mat- ters to a calm there. He arrived in Ireland on the 3d of Novem- ber, and had no sooner passed patent for the Primacy, than he set about studying the real and solid interest of that kingdom, in which his lot was cast for life, and which all his actions showed he ever after considered as his own. He appeared at all boards of publick concern, and gave a weight and vigour to them ; and in every respect was .indefatigable in promoting the prosperity of the Church and the happiness of the people.* One of his earliest attempts after his arrival in Dublin was to encourage a subscrip- tion among the Bishops and superior Clergy, towards augmenting the fund, arising from the first fruits, and by that means more effectually providing for the wants of their poorer brethren. But it does not appear whether he was successful in this application-.-f- -In the managementeftlf Wood's affair he fortunately coincided with the celebrated Dean Swift, and this served to lay the foundation of his popularity ; though, in some of his subsequent measures he experienced much opposition from the Dean of St. Patrick's.^ On the 3d of December, Bishop Wilcox preached the sermon at the revival of the Anniversary Feast of the gentlemen educated at Merchant-Taylors'. And, on the 27th of that month, Gil- bert, Sub-Dean of Exeter, preached at the consecration of Stephen Weston to the Bishoprick of Exeter. Dublin, addressed his Majesty upon the occasion ; the press groaned with pamphlets written in opposition to the scheme, and some in particular were admirably well done by Dr. Swift, Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, under the fictitious name of ' Letters from a Drapier,' as if written by a Tradesman, to incite people against receiving this base coin, which the patent left at the liberty of the subject, whether to receive or reject." — Bingraphia Britannka. Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note C. * Ibid. f Archbishop Boulter's Letters, vol. i. pp.5, 6. % General Biographical Dictionary enlarged by Chalmers, vol. vi. p. 213, I t . - /'/t'/// rl/t / ■A, .A. TttiiiWiat ru t/uAa AuxO OrL'itii . e g£,*», i *' ■■ it' merchant-tailors' school. 985 In consequence of the evidence Berriman had given of his seal and ability in defending the doctrine of the Trinity, he had been appointed to preach Lady Moyer's lecture ; and this service had been performed by him in the years 1723 and 1724. The eight sermons he delivered on the occasion, were published in 1725, under the title of An Historical Account of the Trinitarian Controversy/* And about the same time, Gilbert, Canon Re- sidentiary and Sub-Dean of Exeter, was installed Canon of the eighth Stall of Christ Church in Oxford.f Primate Boulter, in his anxiety for the welfare of Ireland, thought that the benefit of that country, and the service of his Majesty, would best be secured by chiefly promoting persons from England to places of high trust and authority. This point of maintaining and supporting the English interest', is what he pressed again and again upon the Ministers of State at home. It was likewise his Grace's opinion, that those who opposed the measures of government, of the rectitude of which he was him- self fully convinced, ought not to find their account in it, or be bribed to a compliance for the future ; which he urged very strongly in a letter to the Duke of Newcastle on the 16th of No- vember, after the opposition had gained a victory over the court in the Irish House of Commons. Indeed, his zeal in this respect, his constant recommendation of the English interest, and the in- variable steadiness with which he supported the measures of go- vernment will, perhaps, in the estimation of the merely Irish Patriot, detract somewhat from his honour. But it is apparent that in all these instances he acted with the utmost integrity, and with a view to the benefit of Ireland itself4 * General Biographical Dictionary by Chalmers. Art. Beebiman, [William] f Rawlinson's MSS. No. 1073. t « Whatever uneasinesss (says the Archbishop in the letter above alluded to) is created here by any turbulent or designing persons, whilst his Majesty and his Ministers -think proper any ways to emplov me in the public service, will, at least, light as heavy upon 6k 986 THE HISTORY OF The sentiments of Primate Boulter in favour of English as- cendancy created a wide difference between him and Dean Swift, whom, as appears from a letter which he wrote on the 10th of February, 1726,*" he did not regard in a very favourable light. But, notwithstanding the obligations which our Prelate conferred on the English government by his activity and support, he was remarkably moderate and prudent in his recommendation of per- sons to preferment ; and when he was ill-used about this time, in the settling of a new list of Privy Counsellors in Ireland, he sig- nified his sense of it in verygentleterms.-f- However, he did not suffer any personal chagrin to prevent his using good offices in favour of the learned Abbadie, Dean of Killaloo, who growing old, and finding that he wanted an amanuensis to assist him in his studies, me as any body here : but I am very willing to undergo my share of any such trouble at any time, if no new encouragement is given to such doings by buying off any dis- contented persons here. For if any body is'bbught ofF, there will always arise a suc- cession of people to make a disturbance every session ; and there wants no accident here to furnish a bottom of popularity, every one having it always in his power to grow popular by setting up for the Irish in opposition to the English interest. And there is no doubt but some occasion of things going as they have, has been an un- willingness in too many to see an English administration well established here ; and an intention to make all the English already here, uneasy ; and to deter others from coming hither. But if those who have places here, and yet have joined in the late measures, are remembered after the session ; and if nobody finds his account in having headed the opposition now made to his Majesty's service, I do not doubt but the face of affairs will here gradually alter, and we may hope that the next sessions will be more easy and successful." — Archbishop B>oulter's Letters, vol. i. p. 53. * " The general report is (as the Archbishop expresses himself,) that Dean Swift designs for England in a little time ; and we do not question his endeavours to mis- represent his Majesty's friends here, wherever he finds an opportunity : but he- is so well known, as well as the disturbances he has been the promoter of in this kingdom, that we are under no fear of his being able to disserve any of his Majesty's faithful servants by any thing that is known to come from him: but we could wish some eye were had jto what he shall be attempting on your side of the water." — Archbishop- Boulter's Letters, vol. i. p. 62. t Archbishop Boulter's Letters, vol. i. pp.73, 75, 84. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 987 solicited about this time some further promotion, and came into England for that purpose. Archbishop Boulter, one of the Lords Justices or Chief Governors of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor West, and William Conollj, Esq.* gave him a strong recommendation to Lord Cartaret, then Lord-Lieutenant of Ire- land, and to Gibson, Bishop of London. f But his Grace's kind- ness was frustrated by the death of the object of it soon after his arrival in the metropolis.^: Lowth, at liberty from the controversy with Norman, appears to have strictly confined his labours within the limits of his pro- vince, and to have applied himself most assiduously to the peculiar duties of his function and to the illustration of the sacred volume. He this year published his Commentary on Daniel and the Minor Prophets. And thus was the theological reader furnished with a valuable continuation of Bishop Patrick's Commentary on the other parts of the Old Testament. § cim^ On the 13th of February; died Woodroffe, Prebendary of Winchester. By his will he gave the manor of Winterslow in the county of Wilts, to St. John's College, Oxford, for the purpose of increasing the number or value of the livings in the gift of that society. He was buried in the Cathedral at Winchester, where an inscription, written by his intimate friend Archdeacon Bride- oak, perpetuates his memory and his benevolence.|j * Biographia Britannica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note L. •f Boulter's Letters, vol. i. p. % " He departed this life at Mary-le-Bon, on the 25th of Sept. 1727." — Biographia Britannica. Art. Abbadie. § These valuable works have been frequently re-published together in fol. and 4to. || " Juxta inhumantur, Carolus Woodroffe, LL.D. Ecclesiae hujus Prsebendarius, Et Elizabetha Uxor ejus dilectissima, Chara Capita ! 6k2 988 THE HISTORY OF As the true sons of the Church of England, however, do not confine their views to the established communion of which they are members, but wish according to their respective means and stations to promote the diffusion of Christianity in other countries, Bishop Wilcox, on Friday the 18th of February, preached be* fore the incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. 4 u On the 30th of June,,, died Robert Watts, ^formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. He had been an industrious and mul- Supremis honoribus efferi digna, Quippe Ilium Frons serena el exporrecta, Animus sublimis et firmus, Mores elegantes, Urbanitas morata, S. Theologise Juriumque, Literis amcenioribus, Musicseque blanditiis, Mitigata Severitas, Amicorum Desiderium Ob. 13 Feb. 1726, Anno jEtat. suae 54. tecerunt. Illam Species venusta, Vultus hilaris, Vividum Ingenium, Ingenitus Pudor, Gratiae ingenita?, Virtqs delicata, Morumque Suavitate s Castigata Pietas, Mariti delicias Ob. 6 Sept. 1731, Anno jEtat. suae 33, Pari felici hunc lapidem posuit R.B. A.W. Id insuper Marmori alte incisam Posteiis trafetui>, Hos Collegio Divi Joh s Bapt'* Oxon, (Cujus ille olim Socius) Manerium de Winterslow in Com. Wilt. Ad earn, Edo~i Thistlethwayte, Gen. filiam, Jure hsereditario devolutum, In pios Usus gratis animis D.D. Beneficii memoriam tabula hac, uti eorum Cordibus, Semper retinendam vellent Prajses et Socii Divi J~nis Bapt ,s Oxon MERCHANT-TAYXORS' SCHOOL. 989 tifarious. writer.* And having, during his intercourse with the literary world, made a considerable collection of books and pamphlets, he bequeathed them, together with hi* manuscripts,, towards laving the foundation of a parochial library at Staines in * " Rob. Watts fil. Th. W. nat. Lond. matriculat. 11 Julii, 1702. Diac. iEd. Xti a Talbot Epb Oxon. 5 Septem. 1709, presented to the Vicarage of Little Gidd- ing in Huntingdonshire, (per Comitem de Rockingham,) by the Lord Sondsj son to the Earl of Rockingham, and inducted, 26 Feb. 17,14-1,5. Obiit apud Gidding, 30, June, 1726.— He published " The Lawfulness and right Manner of keeping Christmas. Lond. 1710. 12mo. " The Rule ' for finding Easter in the Book of the Common Prayer explained. Lond. 1711. 8v ftvo."— Mwlinsori* MSB. No. 104. 990 THE HISTORY OF Middlesex, where he had a small estate. But his intentions were frustrated by his widow.* On the 1st of December, Berriman preached at St. Mary-le- Bow before the gentlemen educated at Merchant-Taylors', and recommended the cultivation of human learning from the exam- ple of Moses. And, on the 27th of that month, Gilbert, Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, was preferred to the Deanery of Ex- eter.-f- Meanwhile the conduct of ^Archer, in his Archdeaconry of Taunton, was such as gave entire satisfaction to that exquisitely judicious and nice discerning Prelate, Dr. Hooper, raised in him the highest esteem, and engaged him this year to promote him to the Archdeaconry of Wells. A little after this advancement, it pleased God to take the good Bishop to Himself. But the loss of his patron did not effect the least change in Archer. He still held his integrity, approving himself to the world a true son of the Church and a zealous defender of its Liturgy, a common fa- ther to the Clergy under his inspection, and a strenuous assertor of their privileges ; a lover of hospitality, a promoter of charity, and a hearty well-wisher to the good of his country. In a word, he was a gentleman of distinguished merit and amiable manners, and every way qualified for the discharge of the sacred trust that was reposed in him. J * Dr. Rawlinson in his History, speaking of Watts's library, which (says he) " was well lined with pamphlets of all sorts," adds, " they are now in the possession of his widow, who refuses any account of them." t Rawlinson's MSS. No. 1073. J He published ' A Sermon preached in King Hen. Vllth Chapell at West. Jan. 30, 1710, before the Rev. Clergy of the Lower House of Convocation, being the Anniversary of the Martyrdom • of "K. Charles the First, on Zechariah, vii. v. 4, 5.' Lond..l711, 8vo. ' Sermon before the Mayor, Aldermen, &c. of the city of Oxford, and other Trus- tees, for the Charity Schools of the said city, October 21, 1712, on Lond. 1713, 8vo. merchant-Taylors' school. 991 Berriman's * Historical Account of the Trinitarian Controversy' having, in the opinion of Dr. Godolphin, Provost of Eton, me- rited a much greater recompense than Lady Moyer's donation, that worthy man soon found an opportunity of conferring such a reward upon the author by inviting him without solicitation to accept of a Fellowship in his College. In consequence of this Berriman was, in 1727, elected Fellow ; and thereupon he made arrange- ments for chiefly residing at Eton in the Summer, and at his Par* sonage in London in the Winter.*, On Easter Monday, Winch Holdsworth, formerly Fellow of/ St. John's College, preached before the University of Oxford on the Resurrection of the same Body. And some passages in his sermon, which reflected on Mr. Locke, occasioning a> controversy, our Preacher published a Defence of the Doctrine against the notions of that gentleman, to whose character, writings, and religious principles he therein gave a distinct consideration. On the 12th of April, John Smith, Fellow of St. John's, was admitted Junior Proctor of the University of Oxford.-jr And* about the same time, died Laurence Smith^ author of several^ devotional pieces,:]: but more especially of a Discourse oa the * General Dictionary by Chalmers, Art. Bebkiman, [William} -f- Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 165. J « Conversation in Heaven. Being Devotions consisting of Meditations and Prayers on several considerable Subjects, in practical Divinity.' Lond. 1693, oct. Written for raising the decayed spirit of piety.. The second part came out in 1694, opt. containing ' Sacramental Devotions, consisting of Meditations and Prayers, preparatory unto a worthy receiving of the Holy Communion, as also Meditations and Prayers suited to every part of administering and receiving it,' « Practical Discourse of the sin against the Holy Ghost.' ' The Evidence of Things not seen : or the Immortality of.the Human Soul, and the separate Condition thereof in the other World, asserted and made manifest sn opposition to the spreading Scepticism and Infidelity of the Age,, in two Discourses; 992 THE HISTORY OP Immortality of the human Soul, and the separate Condition of it in the other World. To that separate state, appointed for the reception of all with- out distinction of persons, it pleased the Almighty now to call the spirit of his servant George I. His Majesty was on his jour- ney to Hanover, where he thought to enjoy the fruit of his labours in peace. But, after continuing speechless and in agonies, for a few hours, at Osnabrug, he expired, at two o'clock in the morning, on Sunday the 11th of June, in the 68th year of his age, and the 13th of his reign.* Primate Boulter was singularly active in the first Session of the Irish Parliament, after King George the Second came to the Throne. More useful bills were passed at that time than had before been obtained for many Sessions together ; and his Grace was the framer of most, if not of all those bills, several of which had a particular respect to the welfare of the Church,! and of the Protestant religion.^ That learned veteran*/ Richard Roach,J formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, now in the 67th The first on 2 Ep. Timothy, i. 10. The second on the Parable of Dives and Lazarus, St. Luke, xvi. from verse 19 to the end of the Chapter. Lond. 1701, qu.' ' A Sermon preached before the Gentlemen educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, at St. Mary-le-Bow, London, December 11, 1701. Lond. 1702, 4to.'— Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1086, Rawlinson's MSS. No. 636, and History, Anno 1674. * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xix. pp. 593, 594. L«, ,+ Archbishop. Boulter's Letters, vol. i. p. 172 — 240. % " Ricardus Roach in diaconatus ordinem in Capella Collegri Wadhamensis admissus a Gilberto (Ironside) Episcopo Bristol. 29 Sep. 1689, et in Ordinem Presby- teratus in Ecclesia parochiali Divi Laurentii prope Guildhall ab Henrico (Compton) Episcopo Londinensi 16 Martii 1689-90, S.T.B. Soc. Coll. Di. Jo. Bapt. Oxon. Castra Philadelphorum et Pseudo prophetam secutus, Ecclesia Anglicana. nondum derelicta, Collegii tamen gratia proficuis Societatis frcritnr ad anni initium 1697, quo Collegio pulsus ob abseritiam nimis Ibrigam, obiit, Lond bi, 26, et^sepulttre incoemi- terio S. Brigidae, 30 Aug. 173P^-jelaL_70."— Rawlinson's MSS. No. 180. merchant-Taylors' school. 993 ^ear>of his age, wrote a congratulatory poem on the coronation of their Majesties,* which was performed with all possible mag- nificence on the 1 1th of October.f Nor must it be forgotten, ere we close the account of the year, that, on Thursday the 7th of December, Wheatly, the judicious commentator on the Book of Common Prayer, preached at the Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, before the gentlemen educated at Merchant-Taylors'. "* On the 25th of March, 1728, died the venerable Dr. Willi am/,, Gibbons, a celebrated Physician, of whom it is difficult to say J. whether he was more profoundly skilled in reading connected with his own particular profession, or in all other parts of literature. .Easy of access, and possessing an admirable talent for conversa- tion, ho was always ready to dispense to others the fruits of his laborious researches into those arts and sciences, of which his happy memory and exact judgment made him a perfect master. The humanity, benevolence, and charity, which appeared through the whole course of his life, proceeded from a thorough insight into the moral obligations of man. His principles of action were built on a sense of religious duty. And though he conversed with the most refined wits and subtle freethinkers of the age in which he lived, none of their sophisms could stagger his conviction as ,to the true reason and fitness of things. He continued to the last an unshaken assertor and practiser of natural and revealed reli- gion. So that his death was universally regretted by all, who had the happiness of living in his acquaintance or neighbourhood, and who thought his life too short, though protracted almost ten years beyond the age of man + Besides the legacies, already mentioned, to the upper Master and the Library of Merchant-Taylors' School, '- * Carmen Coronarium : or a Congratulatory Poem on the Coronation of King George II. and Queen Caroline. Lond. 1727, fol. -f- Tindal's Continuation of Rapio, vol. xx. p.<6. J Rawlinson's Hiat. Coll. Di. Joan. Bapt. Oxon. An. 1668. gg4, THE HISTORY OF he bequeathed a hundred pounds to the library of St. John's, Oxford, fifty pounds to the President, and fifty pounds to the Physician of that College. Many other of his bequests likewise speak him a man of great local attachment. But none more than his legacy of one thousand pounds to St. John's, which he directed to be laid out in the purchase of advowsons.* On the 23d of May Relied Delaujst'e^ Chaplain to her Majesty, President of St. John's College and Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity in the University of Oxford.J He had long laboured under a dropsy which at last proved fatal to him. One who knew him well, described him as a finished polite gentleman, a florid preacher, and a good companion, but somewhat too fond of gran- deur and profuse in his expenses to keep up his publick charac- ter. He was buried in St. John's Chapel; and, on the 1st of * See pages 431 and 432, and notes. f '* Gulielmus Delaune, Schol. Mercat. Sciss. Londin. educat. Anno A.B. A.M. 31 Martii 1683, Ordinat. Diac. iEde Xti, Oxon. 3 Jun. 168S> Presbyt. Oxon, 23 Sept. 1683, B.D. 17 Oct. 1688, D.D. 7 Julii 1697, institut. Rector t^ixm^df^^^^^- eiec '- *™ " A Sermon preached before the Hon. House of Commons, at St. Mairgaretfs, Westminster, Jan. S0> 1702-3, being the Anniversary Fast of the Martyrdom of King Charles I. on St. Matth. xxvii. v. 5. Lond. 1703, 4to. " Of Original Sin, a Sermon preached before the Right Hon. the Ld. Mayor and Aldermen, at the Cathedrall Church of St. Paul, London, Feb. 22, 1712-13, on Psalm li. v. 5. London, 1713, 2d edition 8 vo. Of this sermon a 4th edition was printed in J 725. " A Sermon before the Sons of the Clergy at their Anniversary Meeting in the Cathedrall Church of St. Paul, on Thursday, December 12, 1723, on Psalm xxxiii» v. 12. Lond. 1723, 4to." — Eawlinson's MSS. J " Hearne to Rawlinson. 11 June, 1728. " Your late President died on May 24 last, and was buried in the College Chapel on May 26. — Your President died in the 69th year of his age. — When Mr.TiREMAN was here with you, he told me that his father had a MS. giving an account of (the vestments, 8tc. of St. Peters Church, York " MERCHANT-TAYXORS' SCHOOL. QQ5 June, succeeded in the .Headship by William Holmes, Doctor / in: Divinity.* ./About ithis time,- Archbishop Boulter was appointed one of the Lords Justices. of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor Windham and Mr. ConoHy.-f* And Bishop Wilcox, who not unfrequently preached in his Cathedral at Gloucester, improved the oppor- tunity afforded by the Anniversary of his Majesty's Accession on the Itth of June, to discourse before the Mayor and Corporation of his episcopal City on the Providence of God manifested in the preservation of kingdoms. • On the 29th of July, 4ked • Markland, , Prebendary of Win- / Chester, and Master of the neighbouring. Hospital of St. Cross. % A»d, on, the 12th of August, died SheraSid, who, by his will -gave / three thousand pounds to provide a salary for a professor of bo- tany at Oxford, on condition that Dillenius should be chosen first Professor. He erected the edifice at the entrance of the garden, for the, use of, the Professor; and gave to this establishment his botanical library, his -f ^Herbarium ' .and the * Pinax/§ He was ' * Holmes was Wieav of Henbury ia . Gloucestershire and Rector of ,Boxwell in the same county. — Woo3s~ History ef Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p. *546. •f Biographia Britannica, Art. Bocltee, [Hugh] Note L. J He published; (1) " Poems on his Majesty's -Birth and Restoration,- his High- ness Prince Rupert's,, and his Grace the Duke of Albemarle's Naval Victories, theJate great Pestilence «ndj Fire of London.. L©nd. i667, in 9 sh. and a half in quarto. The licence from Lambeth is granted ' ingenvosksimo ■ Abeahamo, Maekiando, <2) " Sermon before the Court of Aldermen at Guildhall ChappeV 29 Octob. L682> ©n Luke xix. 41,42. London, 1683, quarto. ■And, after bis death were published, (3) Two volumes, containing Twenty-seven Sermons, viz. Four upon the Parables and Eight »upon the Miracles of our Savipur, Nine upon Ecclesiastical and Six upon occasional Subjects, all pleached in the:Cathe- dral Church of Winchester. These vols, were published in 1729 and 1735, in octavo." — Wood's Athena, vol. ii. col. 1085, and Rawlinson's MSS. % The desire of inspecting the Sherardian Pinax was among the most powerful 6i2 996 THE HISTORY OF among the last of the ornaments, in England, of that aera r which Linnaeus calls " The Golden Age of Botany."* Having from his earliest years a relish for the study of natural history, and in his youth acquired a knowledge of English botany, his repeated tours to the Continent, and his long residence in the East, afforded ample scope for his improvement ; and the acqui- sition of affluence, joined to his learning and agreeable qualities, rendered him, after his return home, a liberal and zealous patron of the science and of those who cultivated it.-f- Meanwhile Calamy completed his great design of preserving the History of such Ministers, Lecturers, Masters, and Fellows of Colleges, &c. as were ejected and silenced after the Restoration : a work of prodigious industry and labour, which has supplied the motives that induced Linnaeus to visit England, which he did in the Spring of 1736.. He eagerly wished to see it published, and indeed Dillenius had completed about a fourth part of it. " But an undertaking of that nature and extent, after the death of the first projector of 'if, demanded a patronage and an expense, not easily ob- tained — Indigenous Botany was on the whole in a languishing state. It no longer felt that degree of support, which the Sherards and Sir Hans Sloane had afforded it. The Consul was dead ; and the declining years of Dr. James Sherard, and of Sir Hans, began to withdraw them from the bustle and almost from the business of life." — Fulteney's Sketches of Botany, vbl. ii. pp. 342 and 345. * Besides the papers already mentioned/ as written by Shebahd, a few more may be seen- in Walter Mayle's Works, Lond. 1726, 2 vols. viz. at page 410 of the 1st vol. his first Letter on Natural History, — at page 4l6, a second Letter,-rand at page 425, a.third Letter: all on the same subject. f " Vaillant first devoted the name Sherardia to a new genus, which was afterwards assimilated, with the vervain. About the same time Dillenius gave the like appellation, in his ' Flora Gissensis,' to an English plant of the Stellated Class in the System of Ray, which retains its distinction in the Tetahdrous Class of Linnaeus. — Some manu- scripts of Dr. Sherard's were presented to the Royal Society, by Mr. Ellis, in the Year 1766. — They consist of his Literary Correspondence, and are bound in five volumes folio."— Pvlteneyh Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. pp.149, 150, and " Remark,*" at the end of that volume. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 997 ' learned world with a collection of memoirs, which would other*, wise in all probability have been dissipated and lost for ever.* It would tire the reader to be minute in relating all the good actions of Boulter since his elevation to the Primacy of Ireland, nor would it be an easy task to recount them, since they are branched out into a multiplicity of parts; and more especially, as he rather studied to do good than desired to have it published. Yet some things must not be passed over in silence. Of which sort is his instrumentality under God in averting more than once a pesti- lence and famine which threatened his adopted country. In the Winter of L728. and the Summer following, bread-corn, and all other esculents, bore an excessive high price in Ireland, the aver- age cost of wheat being then from «£ 1 : 2 : 3 to «£ 1 : 5 : per Bristol barrel. The poor were thereby reduced to a miserable condition, and the nation not only threatened with a famine, but with the consequences of it, a pestilence. The Primate could not bear to see his fellow creatures perish, while he had abilities to relieve them ; and accordingly he distributed vast, quantities of corn for the relief of the poor through several parts of the king- dom, which, it was verily believed, was a great means of averting the threatening evil. The House of Commons were so sensible of the service he did upon this occasion, that they passed a vote of publick thanks to him, and ordered it to be entered in their Jour- nals, and directed all the vagrant poor that crowded the streets of * The entire title of this* great work is this, '^Continuation of the Account of the Ministers, Lecturers, Masters, and Fellows of Colleges, and Schoolmasters, who were ejected and silenced after the Restoration -in 1660, by or before the Act of Uni- formity. To which is added, The-Church and Dissenters, compared as to Persecution-, in some Remarks of Dr. Walker's Attempt to recover the Names and Sufferings of the Clergy that were sequestered* &c. between 1640 and 1660. And also some free Re- marks on the twenty-eighth chapter of Dr, Bennett Essay on the XXXIX Articles of Religion.' In two volumes. 998 THE HISTORY OF the city of Dublin to be received 1 into Ihopoor house, Wthereithey were maintained at the private expense of this tPrelate, tiilahe fol- lowing harvestbrought relief.* When the scheme was set on foot for making a navigation by a canal to be drawn from Lough-Neagh to Newry; not only for bringing coal to Dublin, but to carry on more effectually an in- land trade in the several counties of the north of Ireland^ through which it was intended to be carried, Boulter greatly encouraged and promoted the design with his counsel;, his counte- nance, and his purse, to the vast benefit of that kingdom. The col- liery stood on lands belonging to the See of Armagh. The Primate fearing that the lessee might be exorbitant in his conditions in suffering coals to be raised out of his lands* bought in the lease himself at a large expense, in order to accommodate^ the jpublick. He also gave timber out of his woods to carry on the- work j and often, when the fund established by act of Parliament for cutting the canal, did not readily come in, his Grace advanced his own money without interest, that no interruption might from thence arise to the design. f * Biographia Britannica, Ait. Boulter, [Hugh] Note D. f " Lough-Neagh is a large navigable meer of water, about '20 English miles long, and from 10 to 12 miles broad, surrounded by tbe counties of Down, Londonderry, Antrim, Tirone, and Armagh; and Newry is a considerable trading town, seatel on the Newry water, in the south of the county of Down, not far from the opening of Carlingford Bay. A great fund of valuable coals being discovered on lands in the county of Tirone, bordering the said lake, it was judged by some gen- tlemen, who wished well to -the wealth and trade of their country^ that if a navi- gation was made byaoanal from, the lake to Newry, a great saving would arise to the kingdom by bringing coals through the said lake and canal to Newry; and from thence by a free good navigation by sea to Dublin. When the scheme for opening" this navigation was proposed in Parliament, in the year 1729, the Primate patronized it with all his interest, and after, passing the bill, and the work was set about, his Grace was very instrumental in carrying it on with effect. — See a description and account of this canal in a little treatise published in Dublin in the year 1744, entitled MEllCHAiNT-TAYXORS , SCHOOL. 999 On the 29th of March* 1729» died Lasher, Regius Professor ©f Medicine in the University of Oxford.* He had practised many years with; great reputation ; and was buried in the chancel of St. Aldate's Church in Oxford.f Archdeacon Stxjbbs rarely suffered a year to pass, in which he did not address some seasonable advice to the Clergy of Sti. Al ban's. Sometimes he advocated a plan for augmenting the poorer livings among them. At other times he levelled his charge against the disturbers of the Church. And this year, on the 23d of May, he drew their attention to Woolston* Pamphlet writing now raged in England to an excessive degree*. The Court writers charged the country party with sedition and defamation^ and with omitting no practise or art that tended to alienate the minds and affections of his Majesty's subjects from ' The antient and present State of the County of Down,' Chap. 4. The importance of this navigation, besides the article of coals, and the opening a trade by water- carriage' among the northern counties, appeared very fully in the year 1745. For'tihe wetness of the preceding harvest haying occasioned a great dearth of corn, and > scarcity of fodder in those parts, most of the earajage-horses in that , qounty .^e^e destroyed; and when a relief of corn came to Newry from [England,, it would have been impossible to have distributed it seasonably through the country, if it had not been for the advantages of this navigation, by which it was laid down in the neigh- bourhood of most of the inhabitants of the said counties."— BiograpkiaBritajinica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh} Note E. * Wood's Annals by Gutch, p. .861.*^ *)'.'/»»/// ' f " Joshua Lasher, Jph. Bapt. Ann. 1664, cooptatus, deinde sarins, A. B.— •-A.M.J'' $&Martii\6l% B.M. 5 Maii 1676, D.M. 17 Dec 1679, et Collegii Medicus. Profes- j soris regit Medicinte deputatus, et mortuo apud Jamaicanos [Thoma HoY^Projfessor ipse regius, inter Oxonienses nuptias contraxit, et Laude satis ampla artem Medicine, per multos exercuit annos. Obiit [29 Mar. 1729] et sepultm intra Altaris Cancell. in.EcclesiaD. Aldati, Oxon. Edidit ' Pharmacopoeus et Chymicus, Symmista.:,.seu Pharniacyppeia ehymica in qua medicamenta alphabetic^ digesta tarn chymica auam officinalia, scitu dig- nissima, uno quasi intuitu legenda simul et pernoscenda, Lectori subjiciiuntur.' , Lond. 1698.. l2rao/'— Rawlinson's MSS. No, 533. 1000 THE HISTORY OF his service. The country party, on the other hand, contended that the act' of settlement had been violated, and the true interest of Great Britain lost sight of. Such were the circumstances, un- der which the bold, witty, and needy Amhubst was pitched upon to be the ■standing author of the Craftsman, an anti-ministerial paper which flourished at this time.* On the 30th of June, 1730, Archbishop Boulter began the triennial'visitation of the Clergy of his province, at Trim, when he delivered a charge, which was afterwards published at Dublin. It is grave, solid, and instructive. About this time he was in- corporated Doctor of Divinity in the University of Dublin, and appointed one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor Windham and Sir Ralph Gore, Bart. Speaker of the House of Commons.-j- On the 26th of August, died the misguided Roach. Pious and devout, too distrustful of himself, and too ready to give up his opinions to others, he had for years been the dupe first of one enthusiast and then of another. Nor is there any evidence that even at the last he returned to the form of sound doctrine in which he had been educated.^ The works which he published a short time before his death are highly mystical.§ * Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xx. p. 89. , ^ tjiiographia Britannica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note L. *%*"' Rect ories sive Curse de Hackney in Com. Middlesexise R ector. Vir vere pius, indolis attameu nimis versatilis, et in cujusque Magistri Verba jurare paratus, Phila- delphorum et, Pseudoprophetarum Ca'stra secutus, MiHenarius, et nescio qu& Eide obiit, amicis exutus, nee cognatis, hospiti vero, ut vixit, quantum potuit liberalis, obiit v ero 26 et sepultus in Csemiterio S. Brigidai jO Aug. 173 0, AnnoiEtatis sua? 70."— Razelinsoris Hist. & %" The great Crisis, or the Mystery of the Times and Seasons unfolded, &c. in which the Signs of the Times, in extraordinary Providences, are examined into and accounted for. Several elder and later pretensions in Religion appearing in this Nation impartially inquired into. The ground of the Mystick Theology laid open, MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1001 On the22d of November/ died Blake, Archdeacon of York.* the more curious Points, relating to the State of Adam and Eve in Paradise, the Tree of Life, of the knowledge of good and evilf the temptation and manner of the fall, &c. searched into in their deeper ground. With a more distinct and clear account and scheme of the seven periods of the Christian Church, from Christ suffering to Christ returning triumphant, in his Millen ial Kingdom ; and thence to the Con suni- mat ion o f all Things. Also th e iate^anXp resent state and dissolution of Things in this Nation, in preparation of the Kingdom of Peace. The whole tending to promote Peace, Concord, and Xtian Love between the divided Parties and Professions amongst us at this Day. London, octavo. " The Imperial Standard of Messiah Triumphant, coming now in the Power and Kingdom of His Father to reign with His Saints on Earth : this being the Work to which the great Crisis, or the Mystery of the Times and Seasons unfolded, refers, and was lately published as its preparative. Lohd* 1728, Svo. n —Rawlwson's MSS. No. 180. * " Char-les Blake, son of John Blake, of Reading in Berksh. Gent, born at/"/ Reading 31 Oct. 1664, educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, from whence he was ,i elected, in 1683, to St. John's College in Oxford, A.B. 27 Ap. 1687, M.A. 4 Ap. 169*, B.D. 18 March 1696, D.D. 12 Ap. 1712, Chaplain to Sir Wm. Dawes, Bart, first Bishop of Chester, and then Archbishop of York, by whom he was collated into the third Prebend of Chester 21 April 1710; and on the death of Mr. Waple, on the presentation of his College, instituted Vicar of St. Sepulchre's, London, 17 June 1712. This he afterwards resigned in 1716, and was collated to the Sub-deanery of York 18 Feb. 1715, to the Prebend of Stillington in the same Church 30 April 171 6, and Archdeacon of York 23 May 1720. He was Rector of Wheldrake near York, where he died 22_Nov ! J730, and was buried in the Church-yard, with the following inscrip- tion ; — u On the south side of the Monument, Huic Marmori subjacent Rudera Domicilii terreni, Cujus olim Potius Hospes fui, quam Incola, Cakolus Blake, Hujusce Ecclesiae parochiafis Rector, Utinam sane haud prorsus indigrtKS. Qualis hodie mortuus existo Talis semper fui etiam in vivis, Vermis et non Homo. 6 M 10Q3 THE HISTORY OF His monument is at the east end of the Church of Wheldrake, O mi Dens, Da mihi precor, ut dormiam in Christo ; Donee cum omnibus Sanctis Angelis Veniet in sua Gloria Judex Vivorum simul ac mortuorum sequissimus. In isto die Domine, Deus misericordise, Miserere mei, miserrimi peccatoris ! Siste parumper, Benevole pariter, ac pie Viator, Dum Precibus Verbum prsedictis amplius addas> Amen. Hlc recubare juvat, quod, Lethi nocte peracta, iEternae Vitse Aurora fulgente, resurgam. Etiam mortuus loquitur Caeoltjs Blake, " Hsec de Se Vir modestus, Parum aequus sui ^Estimator. Quis autem erat, quidque de eo sentiebant amici, Aversum latus te dbcebit. On the east end. N.B. In Csemiterio juxta Vi'am tritam, Sepeliri volo, peto, atque exopto. " On the north side of the Monument. Natus est Readingi Bercheriensis, Octobris 31, 1664. Parentibus ut in tali Muni- cipio primariis, in Schola publica Mercatorum Scissorum Loridini institutus, pro more electus est in Collegium S" Johannis Baptists, Oxonii; ubi hpnis Uteris se totum dedit: Linguarum peritus, prsesertim antiquarum, optumos Authores in manibus semper hahuit: poesin tentavit, non infeliciter in omni genere philosophic versatus, illam tamen excoluit prsecipue, quse pertinet ad mores. Theologiee vero (utpote quae stu- diorum finis) maxime omnium studiosissimus, caetera non tanti faciens, nisi cum rerura divinarum Scientia conjuncta. His Artibus eximii Nominis inter Academicos evasit, magnus Ingenii, magnus Doctrinal laudibus, major amore Pietatis. Inter haic Academica Studia nata est Amicitia, quaj vera illi intercessit cum excellent! D n °Gu- merchant-Taylors' school. 1003 of which he was Rector. But he was buried in the Church-yard at his own request.* The ships from Portugal brought the melancholy news that' John Smith t , Fellow of St. John's, Oxford, had recently died'oi? a fever. He had been elected the year before Chaplain to the British Factory at Oporto,f a post that required much caution and circumspection in a country so deplorably tyrannized over by the Inquisition, that at that time our factors could not obtain any indulgence for the exercise of their religion beyond a licence for the performance of divine service in their houses alternately and in the most secret manner. But so great were the charms of un- ostentatious learning and inoffensive manners in the British Chap- lain, that at the time of his premature death he was respected, beloved, and lamented, by the natives as well as by his own coun- trymen. In November, Archdeacon Stubbs presented a valuable col- lection of manuscripts to the University of Oxford, written by Sir Henry Spelman and Mr. Jeremy Stephens, in vindication of our HEtMO Dawes, Baronetto. Cui priinum Cestriensi Episcopo, deinde Eborum Archiepiscopo facto, sacris fuit a Domesticis, atque haec illi Vita dulcissima, cum ab «jus latere nunquam discederet. In tanto tamque benevolo patrocinio Beneficia et ■ Dignitates adeo non quaesivit, ut non nulla recusaverit oblata, alia etiam possessa ultro resignaverit. Siqua retinuit, id factum est obsequio patroni, qui ind^gnum putabat, si talis tantusque Vir a se inhoratum videretur. Vixit, chains, jucundus Amicis; Nemini is, Nemo Illi Inimicus. Podagras doloribus complures Annos cruciatus, tan- dem confectus, obiit Novembris 22, 1730. *' Cum defecissent propinquitate sanguine conjuncti, Hseredes instituit bene merentes Amicos, Qui Monumentum hoc poui fecerunt." RawlimorCsMSS. No. 871. * He bath written ' Tres Nuga Poetica.' This is at the end of a translation which he made from Greek into Latin, entit. ' Lusus amatorms: sive Musaei Pce-jia de Herone €t Leandro.' Lond. 1694, qu. — Wood's Athena,, vol. ii. col. 1087 f He was buried very privately there, — Rawlinson's Hist. Coll. Div, Joh. Bapt. Oxon. 6m2 1004 THE HISTORY OF Monarchy, Hierarchy, Universities, Spiritual Courts, Tythes, and against Sacrilege, (some supposed to be lost in the Fire of Lon- don in 1666,) which were kindly received and handsomely bound for their better preservation in the Bodleian Library. In the year 1731, Wilcox was translated from the See of Glou- cester to that of Rochester, with which he also held the Deanery of Westminster. While Berriman's learned productions obtained for him the esteem and friendship of many able and valuable men, and among the rest of that mighty champion of truth, Dr.Waterland, it is not surprizing that being, for the most part, written on sub- jects likely to be controverted they should excite against him some formidable antagonists. Some expressions in his ' Histo-, rical Account/ relative to miracles, drew upon him the animad^ versions of Dr. Conyers Middleton, who at first appeared without a name and treated him with decency and respect, but afterwards, when he published his Introductory Discourse to the Enquiry into the Miraculous Powers of the Christian Church, and the Enquiry itself, spoke of him with no small degree of severity. In answer to which attack Berriman printed this year ' A Defence of some Passages in the Historical Account/ The year 1732 was marked by the deaths of several eminent scholars of Merchant-Taylors'. ft* On the 17th of May, "died Lowth, Prebendary of Winchester, of whom much has already been said. But I should not do jus- tice to his character, if I did not add, that the most valuable part of it was what least appeared to the eyes of the world ; the private and retired part, that of the good Christian and the useful Parish Priest. His unfeigned piety and most exemplary life; his diligence, assiduity, and zeal in the duties of his function; his hospitality, and constant readiness in performing all the offices of kindness, whether of admonition, advice, or assistance to his pa« MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1005 rjshioners, gave all the recommendation and weight that could be added to. his most earnest exhortation from the pulpit. By his own orders, he was buried in the Church-yard of his Parish Church at.JJuriton, where he died, near the south, side of the chancel ; and on thejnside wall was erected a plain monument, with a suit- able inscription.* " Near the outside of this wall : Jyeth the Body of Mr. William Lowtk> late Rector of this Church : who died May J 7th, 1732; And being dead still desires to speak to his beloved Parishioners, And earnestly to exhort them Constantly to attend upon the Worship of God, Frequently to receive the Holy Sacrament, And -diligently to observe the good instructions given ; in this place: To breed up their children in the Fear of God, And to follow Feaee with all-men and Holiness, Without which no man shall see the Lord. God give us all a happy meeting at the resurrection of the Just. ," Mr, Lowth married Margaret, Daughter of Robert Pitt, of Blandford in the county of Dorset, Esq. by whom he had two sons and three daughters,, who all sur- vived him. One of the Sons was the very learned Robert Lowth, D?D. Poetry Pro- fessor in the University of Oxford, Archdeacon of Winchester, and afterwards Bishop of London; whose excellent Lectures, read whilst he was Professor, were beautifully printed at Oxford in 1753, 4to. with this title, ' De sacra Poesi Hebraeorum Praelec- tione Academicae Oxonii habitae a Roberto Lowth, A.M. Collegii Novi nuper Socio, et Poeticae publico Praelectore. Subjicitur Metriae Harianae brevis Confutatio : et Qratio Crewiana.' His Lordship afterwards distinguished himself by his elegant Translation of Isaiah, and other works.— William ^ oy '^} r ^^^ ; son » was e c l ucat ed t at Magdalen College, Oxford, and^me Vicar of . |j. ^^^ch^gr, and of Lewishamjn_the county of Kent."— ?Biographtd jBntannica, Art. Lowth, [William and Rawlinson's Hist. 1006 THE HISTORY OF On Sunday the 28th of May, William Pestell, Fellow of St. John's, died suddenly at his father's house in London. On the 3d of June, died Calamy, whose loss was greatly re- gretted, not only by the Dissenters whom he had served by his writings and labours,* but also by many members of the Esta- * Our author's publications, of which he hath given us a distinct account in his manuscript, were as follows: — " 1. A Funeral Sermon for Mr. Samuel Stephens, a young Minister, 4to. 1694. — 2- A Practical Discourse on Vows, with a special Re- ference to Baptism and the Lord's Supper, 8vo. 1694. Reprinted in a smaller form in 1704. — 3. A Funeral Sermon for Mrs. Williams, wife of the Rev. Mr. Daniel Wil- liams, Svo. 1698. — 4. A Sermon to the Society for the Reformation of Manners, 12mo. 1699. — 5. A Discourse concerning the Rise and Antiquity of Cathedral Wor- ship, in a Letter to a Friend. This Piece, which was afterwards inserted in the Phoe- nix was published without the Author's Name. — 6. Abridgment of Mr. Baxter's His- tory. — 7. Divine Mercy exalted, or free Grace in its Glory. A Sermon at Salter's Hall, 1702.— 8. First Part of the Defence of moderate Non-conformity, 1703.— 9. Second Part of the Defence of moderate Non-conformity, 1704. — 10. Third Part of the Defence of moderate Non-conformity, 1705. — 11. A Caveat against the New Prophets, with a single Sheet, in Answer to Sir Richard Bulkely's Remarks on the same, 1707-8.— 12. A Funeral Sermon for the Rev. Mr. Matthew Sylvester, 1707-8. — 13. Ditto for Mrs. Frances Lewis, 1707-8. — 14. Ditto for Mr. Michael Watts, 1707-8.— 15. A Sermon at Salter's Hall, on occasion of the many late Bankrupts, 1708. — 16. The Inspiration of the Holy Writings of the Old and New Testament considered and improved, in fourteen Sermons; to which is added, a Sermon in Vin- dication of the Divine Institution of the Office of the Ministry, 17 10. Dedicated to the Queen. — 17. Comfort and Counsel to Protestant Dissenters. In two Sermons, 1712. — 18. The Prudence of the Serpent and Innocence of the Dove. A Sermon preached at Exeter, 1712. — 19. Obadiah's Character. A Sermon to Young People, 1713. — 20. Second Edition greatly enlarged of the Abridgment of Mr. Baxter's His- tory and of the Account of the ejected Ministers, 1713. — 21. Queries concerning the Schism Bill, 1714, without his name.— 22. The Seasonableness of religious Societies. A Sermon, 1714. — 23. God's Concern for His Glory in the British Isles. In three, Sermons, 1715. — 24. The Principles and Practice of moderate Non-conformists, with respect to Ordination exemplified. An Ordination Sermon. To which is added a Letter to a Divine in Germany, giving a brief but true Account of the Dissenters in England, 1717- — 25. Sober-mindedness recommended. A Sermon to young People, i 7 17. — 26, The Repeal of the Act against occasional Conformity considered., 1717. — MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1007 blished Church, both Clergy and Laity, who admired him for the candour and benevolence of his temper, the sincerity of his piety, and the moderation with which he managed the religious differ- ences of the day. He had lived in the greatest intimacy with his school-feltows Sir William Dawes, the late Archbishop of York, and Boulter, the present Archbishop of Armagh. .' The early friendship he had formed with these eminent persons, within the walls of Merchant-Taylors', continued inviolable through life. A boy of less sagacity would not have discovered those seeds of worth which his youthful companions possessed; and a man of less principle wouidr-have forfeited their esteem in riper years, if in respecting his honour and integrity they had not been drawn to 27. A Letter to Mr.' Archdeacon Echard, upon Occasion of his History of England, 1718. — 28. The Church and Dissenters compared as to Persecution, and some Re- marks on Dr. Walker's Attempt to recover the- Names and Sufferings of the sequestered Clergy from 1640 to 166Q, ; 17ig.r-29, Discontented, Complaints of the present Times proved unreasonable. A Sermon, J 720. — 30. A Charge. At the Ordination of seve- ral young Ministers, 172O-I.— 31. Thirteen, Sermons' concerning the Doctrine of the Trinity, preached at the Merchants' Lecture in Salters' Hall, together with a Vindi- cation of that celebrated Text, 1. John, v. 7, from being spurious, and an Explica- tion of its being genuine j in four Sermons, preached at the same Lecture, Anno 1719 and 1720, 8vo,. 1722.— 32. The Ministry of the Dissenters vindicated. An Or- dination Sermon, 1724. — 33. Memoirs of the Life of the Rev. Mr. John Howe, pre- fixed to Mr. Howe's Works, and published separately in a small Volume, 8vo. 1724. -^-34. The Word of God the young Man's best Directory. A Sermon, 1725.— 35. A Charge, at Mr. William Hunt's Ordination at Newport Pagn ell, Bucks, 1725.— 36. A Funeral Sermon for the Reverend Mr. John Sheffield, 1725-6. — 37- Ditto for the Rev. Mr. John Bennett, 1725-6.— 38. Continuation of the Account of the ejected Ministers, 1727.— 39. A Funeral Sermon for the Reverend Mr. Mottershed, 1728.— In 1775, the Rev. Mr. Samuel Palmer, of Hackney, published, in two large Volumes, 8vo. under the, Title of the * Non- conformist's Memorial,' an Abridgment, with Cor- rections, Additions, and new Anecdotes, of Dr. Calamy's four Volumes, concerning the ejected and silenced Ministers." — Biographia Britannica. Art. Calamy, [Edmund] Mr. Palmer's Abridgment was re-published with Additions in 1802, 3 vols. 8vo. — See General Biographical Dictionary by Chalmers, vol. viii. p. 52. 1008 THE HISTORY OP overlook the wide difference in their opinions. His funeral ser* nion was preached by Mr. Daniel Mayo, who gave him a great character for the soundness of his judgment and the extensiveness of his learning.* Archbishop Boulter was re-appointed one of the Lords Jus- tices of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor Windham and Sir Ralph Gore.-j- And, on the 6th of October, Holmes, President of St. John's, was appointed by the Earl of Arran Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford, in which office he continued three years.;]: Berriman published * Brief Remarks on Mr. Chandler's Intro- duction to the History of the Inquisition,' which was followed by a ' Review of the Remarks.' But leaving this dispute which had grown out of ' The Historical Account of the Trinitarian Contro- versy,' we greet with still greater pleasure the appearance of a work, calculated for the defence of Revelation in general. This was his course of sermons at Boyle's "lecture. They had been preached in the three preceding years, and were now, in 1733, given to the world in two volumes octavo. In the preface, he asserts the authority of Moses, as an inspired historian and law- giver, against his old antagonist Dr. Middleton, who, in a letter to Dr. Waterland, had disputed the literal account of the fall, and had expressed himself in a manner not sufficiently orthodox concerning the divine origin of the Mosaic institution, as well as the Divine inspiration of its founder. And in the course of the work, after stating the evidence of our religion from the Old Tes- tament, he vindicated the Christian interpretation of the ancient * This sermon was printed at London in October following, f Biographia Britannica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note L. % Wood's Fasti by Gutch, pp. 166, 167- merchant-Taylors' school. 1009 prophecies, and pointed out their historical chain and connec- tion.* Thomas Brews-ter^ Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, published a -Translation of the Second Satire of Persius. But while one was cultivating Theology, and another paying court to the Muses, Archbishop Boulter continued to distin- guish himself as a Statesman, and was appointed one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor Windham.:]: The wisdom of man could not contrive a more effectual method for the instruction of the poor Popish natives of Ireland in the principles of genuine Christianity, and for inuring them to industry and labour, than the institution of the incorporated Society for promoting English Protestant working Schools in that Country.^ ^ * Ridley's FuneraJ Sermon for Br. Berriman, and General Biographical Dic- tionary by Chalmers. Art. Berriman, [William] v/?/3f -/A/ t " Thomas Brewster, son of Benjamin B. of Gardestend in Herefordshire, ' born there 18 Sept. 1705, admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School 16 Feb. 1720, elected Probationer Fellow of St. John's in 1724, matriculated 30 June following, B.A. 21 January, 1727, M.A. Dec. 1732, M.B^iio.^n M.T>.fvjiP.n38"—Rawlinson's MSS. No. 980. J Biographia Britannica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note L. § " The first rise of this scheme was thus effected, and from small and inconsiderable beginnings. In the year 1717, Br. Henry Maule, late Bishop of Cloyne, afterwards of Bromore, and now the present Bishop of Meath, being at that time only a beneficed clergyman, promoted a private Society in Dublin for the encouragement of the Eng- lish common charity schools, for teaching poor children to read and write, and in- structing them in the principles of religion and virtue. Many good Clergymen and well-disposed Laymen joined in the design, and the late Archbishop of Tuam, Dr. Synge, came among them, and gave a countenance to the undertaking. The mem- bers subscribed only half a crown a quarter. They had anniversary sermons, some of which were printed and spread abroad, and by their influence many charity schools were erected in town and country. In 1730, a proposal was drawn up by Dr. Maule, being then Bishop of Cloyne, and Mr. Dawson, a Clergyman, who was at that time Curate of Sti Michan's, intitled ' A humble Proposal for obtaining his Majesty's Royal Charter, to incorporate a Society for promoting Christian Knowledge amongst 6 N 101.0 THE HISTORY OF And though the original projection of this scheme cannot be im- puted to Primate Boulter, yet he was a zealous, active, and chief instrument in forwarding the undertaking, which he lived to see carried into execution with considerable success. The char- ter was opened with great solemnity in the Council Chamber on the 6th of February, 1734. The Lord Lieutenant was elected President, and the Lord Primate Vice-President and Treasurer. A subscription was immediately set on foot, to which the Earl of Kildare contributed five hundred pounds, and many others less sums. But Boulter was the main instrument of forwarding this good work, not only by his advice and counsel, but by his money. He paid all the fees for passing the charter through the several pffices out of his own purse, subscribed twenty-three pounds a year, and afterwards paid upwards of four hundred pounds to- wards the building of a working school on the lands of Santry near Dublin. Besides all this, the Society were often obliged to his Grace for their necessary support, who to his annual and occa- the poor Natives of the Kingdom of Ireland.' Printed, Dublin, 1730. What gave a foundation to this proposal was, the observations the Society had made on the great success of a legally established Charter for propagating the Gospel in foreign Parts, and that Scotland had grafted upon the same model, and obtained a Charter to enable them to receive two thousand pounds a year in land, and money to any sum, for pro- moting the like design. This proposal made its way into the Court of St. James's by the means of the late Marquis of Montandre, Master of the Ordnance in Ireland, and was well relished by his Majesty. The same year many Bishops and Gentlemen of distinction met together at Primate Boulter's, to concert means for forwarding a Petition to the King upon the occasion, which was then drawn up, and signed, in the Parliament House a few days after, and being laid before his Majesty, was gra- ciously received ; and, after, the usual references, a charter was passed on the 24th of October, 1733, constituting the Duke of Dorset, then Lord Lieutenant, the Lord Primate, all the Archbishops and Bishops, the Judges of the several Courts, the Prime Serjeant, Attorney and Solicitor General, and most of the nobility and prime gentry of the kingdom into a corporation and body politick to endure for ever by the name of the Incorporated Society in Dublin for promoting English Protestant Schools in Ireland." — Biographia Britannica, Art. Boultek, [Hugh] Note I. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. JfJJ 1 sional benefactions, frequently added that of being tbeir constant resource upon all emergencies, by answering the drafts made on him as treasurer, when, he had no cash of the Society in his hands, which advances sometimes amounted to considerable sums.* — In the course of the year he was appointed one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor Windham and Henry Boyle, Esq. Speaker of the House of Commons.f On the 7th of June, Knight, Vicar of St. Sepulchre's, a learned > and pious Divine, well versed in the Oriental and other languages, orthodox in his faith, and, as we have seen, a strenuous advocate for the doctrine of the Trinity, was chosen one of the Proctors to serve in Convocation for the Clergy of London.^ Towards the end of July, Bebriman was consulted upon the case of marrying two sisters, and his resolution of it had the good effect of saving the person who consulted him from engaging in an unlawful connection.! * Biographia Britamiica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note I. t Ibid. Note L. J Rawlinson's MSS. § Be rri man's resolution of this case of conscience having met with the appro- bation of many learned Divines, the letters which passed on the occasion are here subjoined. " Reverend Sir, July 30. " Tis not without the utmost reason, that I have the greatest opinion of your judgment: and, therefore, beg you would indulge me with as full an answer, as your leisure will admit of, to the following case of conscience : — Whether it be lawful to marry a wife's sister? If not, I desire the strongest reasons against it. I resolve to be governed by scripture ; hut am far from thinking, there is any thing in scripture against it : — I am sure nothing in reason. — The only thing which seems to make against it in scripture, is St. John's condemning Herod; about which case I earnestly beg to have your opinion ; and whether 'tis not highly probable, from the known custom of frequent divorces in those days, that TIerodias's husband was then living. The occasion, Sir, of my begging your opinion is this : — Some time since I lost an excellent wife; and since that have almost been under an obligation to live in the same house with her sister. Was it not unlawful, every thing in the world, 6n2 1012 THE HISTORY OF On the 12th of September, Stuart,* Chancellor of the Diocess 1 believe, would conspire to make us mutually happy, both here and hereafter. To say no more, Sir, tho' I should gain the whole world in having her ; yet, if you judge it might in the least endanger my soul, I should absolutely determine against it. Fur- ther advice from your superior judgment will be esteemed an infinite obligation, Reverend Sir, Your most obedient humble servant. " P.S. — I think 'tis proper to acquaint you, that our circumstances are such that any possible inconveniences from the Spiritual Courts will avail nothing." " Sir, " Tho', in a matter of real difficulty,. I should willingly refer you to some abler person for advice and satisfaction, yet, in the case which you propose, I think the matter is so clear, and so generally agreed on by the best Casuists, that I make no scruple to deliver my opinion that the marrying of two sisters is utterly unlawful. You will allow me (1 suppose) that the prohibitions in Leviticus are part of the moral law obliging all nations, since the neglect of them is charged among the abominations of those nations- that were cast out before the Israelites. And then in applying those prohibitions to our purpose, there are two rules to be observed, which being clear and rational, will put the matter out of dis- pute : (1) That, as the man and his wife are become one flesh by marriage, whatever degree of consanguinity makes it unlawful for him to marry with his own relations, the same degree of affinity makes it unlawful to marry with his wife's relations. — So that if he is expressly forbidden to marry his own sister, (Levit. xviii. 9,) he is im- plicitly forbidden to marry his wife's sister. (2) That whatever is forbidden to one sex, is in the same degree unlawful to the other sex ; so that if a woman is not allowed to marry two brothers, neither may a man, by parity of reason, marry two sisters,. But that a woman cannot marry two brothers, or, which is the same thing, that a man may not marry his brother's wife, is plain from Levit. xviii. 16;* and upon that law, I make no doubt, St. John Baptist grounded his reproof of Herod: Pray read over that eighteenth chapter of Leviticus, and see if you can fairly acquit the mar- riage you propose from the charge of incest, and from being one of those abomina- tions which God had so severely punished in times of greater ignorance, and cannot be expected to approve in days of clearer light. As you seem to put this matter wholly on the foot of conscience, I beseech you to weigh it very seriously, and to * " N.B. The law concerning the marrying of the elder brother's wife to raise up seed unto the brother, was special and peculiar; a temporary dispensation appointed by the supreme lawgiver in ap«r« ticular case, which did not weaken but confirm the general law, in cases not excepted. 1 ? MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL.. 1013 of Exeter* and a generous benefactor to Merchant-Taylors' School, refrain* from all such freedoms as maybe the means of 'drawing you into further snares, and temptations ; and I pray God preserve you from sinning against Him. " July 31, L734. W. B. " "Sir, " Since I sent you my opinion against the marrying of: two sisters (which I hope you received by the Penny-Post) I have more fully considered the case of Herod; and upon comparing the History of the Gospel with Josephm's Antiquities,. (I. 18, c. 6,) I see reason to admit, that Herodias had left her husband Philip in his life time, and probably was then received by Herod. But yet Grotius concludes from the form of Josephus's expression, that Philip did not live long after j and observes, that that historian blames Herodias, as Veil for marrying an husband's brother against the law of Leviticus, (which must be the law I mentioned) as for leaving her husband whilst he' lived. Tis certain the Bttptist's reproof 'of Herod was not pointed at his first taking her,, but his continuing then to have her; nor grounded*upon her being the wife of another man in general, but his brother's wife. There is a like instance in the case of, Archelaus, who married the wife of his brother Alexander, which JosephUs. (Antiq. 1. 17, c. 15,) mentions as an abominable thing, and contrary to law. " August 3, 1734.. W.B." " Reverend Sir,, Sept. 14i " As you was so good as to lay before me those scripture arguments, that might be urged against' the lawfulness of marrying a wife's sister, I doubt not but it must be some satisfaction to you-to be assured that they have had the desired effect. Tho' to discard all thoughts of it, is like plucking out a right eye, or cutting off a right hand :: yet the parties concerned are, by God's grace assisting us, absolutely and: irreversibly determined never to think of it more. " Be pleased, Sir, to accept of my grateful acknowledgements for your goodness. to me : and. believe me to be, with. the. utmost respect, Reverend Shy Your most obliged^ and obedient humble servant." * " Gulielmus Stuart, S.T.B, Londih. e Sch. M. Sciss.— S.T. P. Apr. 2$ tio ,/ 1714i A.sacris domesticis Offspringo Blackall Exoniensi Episcopo, a quo praesentatus ad Rectoriam de Sow ton prope Exoniam, et a sacris Lanceloto Blackburn Exoniensi Prsesuli. Eccles. Exoni Cancellarius. Concionem unam edidit Exoniae habitam, < Of Divine Grace, a Sermon preached in the Parish Church of St. Mary Major ia= Exon, May % .1717, at the Visitation of the Reverend the Archdeacon of Exeter..!* 1014 THE HISTORY OF breathed his last at Bath, after dictating the inscription for his grave stone.* The mention that has already been made of his benefaction,-}- precludes the necessity of enlarging upon it here. It need only be piously hoped, that the young men, wn^ avail themselves of his benevolence, may prove themselves not wholly undeserving the provision he has made for them. He was buried at Sowton in the county of Devon, of which parish he was Rec- tor. About this time likewise, died Stubbs, Archdeacon of St. Al- bans,! a man. whose memory is still cherished by the Clergy of Lond. 1717, 8vo. Qbiit Bathoniae. Sepult. in Ccemiterio ejusdem Eccles, de Sowton, extra Ecclesiain sub Fenestra orientali. Inscriptionem ipse praecepit. Vid. Testam. ejus ultim. in Turri Coll. x. 73." — Rawlinson's MSS. * " Infra dormit GUILIELMUS STUAKT, Sacrae licet Theologiae Professor, Peecatorum Maximus, Quondam Coll. Div. Joan. Bapt. Oxon. Socius, Nuper c Parochiae Rector, ^ L Di&ceseos Cancellarius, Nunc Pulvis et Cinis, Et quicquid uspiam est recrementitiae Rei. Die 12 md Mens. Sept bris Anno 1734. Panitentium Minimus Aniiriam Deo reddidit propitio. Propitietur. f See page 489, &c. J " Philip Stubbs, son of Philip Stubbs, of London, Vintner, was born in the Parish of St. Andrew Undershaft in London, became a Commoner of Wadh. Coll. in the latter end of l682> aged 17 years, scholar of the said House in MJ84, ordained Deacon in Xt. Ch. Lond. by Bishop Compton 26 May, 1689, took the degree of M.A. 15 June, 1689, was made Fellow in 1691, and in the same year, being then MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1015 Nathaniel Marchwick, formerly Fellow of St. John's, and now Prebendary of Wells, who had long paid particular attention accounts a person of a great memory, was appointed the Repetitioner of the four. Easier Sermons, which he performed to the applause of all. Afterwards he retired to London, became Curate of the united Parishes of. St. Benedict Gracechurch and St. Leonard Eastcheap, instituted Rectoj^_o£jSj ; _Alpiiag£_ J &Jkr^ 1699, Rector of St. James, Garlick Hill, 10 Aug. 1708, &c. 8cc. Chaplain to Dr. Robert Grove, Bishop of Chichester, to^eorgeT^ESrof Huntingdon, Greenwich Hospital, and the Navy. He was afterwards made Arc hdeacon of St. A lhan's, and admitted B.D. 3 July, 1722. He hath published several pieces, especially sermons, of great temporary interest, as — " (1) Of Confirmation, preached at St., Benedict Gracechurch 14 Mar. 169,2, the Day on which Henry Ld. Bishop of London confirmed there, on Heb. 6th part of the ■ 2d Verse. Lond. 169s, qu. " (2); Of public Baptism, preached before Sir John Fleet, Lord Mayor, and the Court of Aldermen, at Guildhall Chapel, on Sunday 20 Nov. I692, on St. Matth.. xxviii. 19. Lond. 1693, qu. " (3) The Religious Seaman, fittedwith proper Devotions for all occasions. To which is prefixed, in a Letter to those of that Profession, a serious Exhortation to the Practice of Virtue and Piety, in their several Conversations. 8vo. '* (4) The Hopes of a Resurrection, asserted and applied, in a Sermon, preached at the Interment of Mr. Thomas Wright ; wherein are some occasional Reflections on . the Abuse of Funeral Sermons. 4to. " (5) The Restauration of the Royal Family, a Blessing to Three Kingdoms : ; a Thanksgiving Sermon, preached at St. Alphage on the 29th of May, 1702. Lond. 4to. Ps. cxvii. 24. " (6) For God, or for Baal ; or No Neutrality in Religion : a Sermon against Oc- casional Communion, preached on -Sunday Oct. 4, 1702, in the Parish Churches of St. Alphage, and St. George, Botolph Lane. Published at the earnest Request of many in both Auditories. " (7) A View of the present Controversy against Occasional Conformity, with a; Vindication of Mr. Stubbs's Sermon against Neutrality in Religion. " (8) The Church of England, under God, an impregnable Bulwark against Pbpery: a Sermon preached at St. Paul's Cathedral, before the Right Honourable the Ld Mayor, and Court of Aldermen, Nov. 5, 1703, 4to. and 8vo. " — An Account of the Propagation of, the Gospel in Foreign Parts, One sheet- in folio. " (9) God's Dominion over the Seas, and the Seaman's Duty considered, in a Ser- mon preached at Long Reach, on board the Royal Sovereign. Dedicated to his. 1016 THE HISTORY OF bo those passages -of Holy Writ, which relate to the resurrection of God's ancient church and people the Jews, in conjunction with Royal Highness Prince George of Denmark, Ld High Admiral of England, &c. and of all her Majesty's Plantations, &c. -and Generalissimo of all her Majesty's Forces by Sea and Land. " The same in French and Spanish. " (10) Of Religious Charity and Religious Loyalty, a Sermon preached at Long Reach, on Board the Royal Anne, June 4, 1704, 4to. About this time appeared ' A Discourse of Baptism, in Answer to Mr. Stub's Ser- mon preached before the Ld Mayor and Court of Aldermen, to Mr. Dorrington's Vin- dication of Baptism, and to a Discourse of the late Mr. Nathanael Taylor's, by P.B. Minister of the Church of England. Lond. 1705, 12mo. " (11) Peace upon Earth, the Gift of God, and Good Will to one another, the Duty of Men. A Sermon preparatory to the General Thanksgiving, preached on Sunday May 26, 1706, in the Oratory of the Royal Hospital at Greenwich, &c. on occasion of the glorious Successes *(then commemorated by Authority) with which God was pleased to crown the Forces of her Majesty and her Allies by Land and Sea in Bra- bant and Catalonia, on Isaiah lvii. 19. Lond. 1706. " (12) The Sea Assize, or Sea-faring Persons to be judged according to their Works. A Sermon preached oa Advent Sunday, Nov. 28, 1708, in the Oratory of the Royal Hospital at -Greenwich, and in the Parish Church of St. Mary at Wool- wich in Kent, on occasion of the most lamented decease of his Royal Highness Prince George, Hereditary of Denmark, Ld High Admiral of Great Britain and Ireland, and of all her Majesty's Plantations, &c. on Rev. xx. 13. Lond. 1709, 4to. " (13) The divine Mission of Gospel Ministers, with the Obligations upon all pious and rich Christians to promote it, set forth in a Sermon, preached before the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, ( ) and Court of Aldermen, at the Cathedral of St. Paul, on Trinity Sunday May 27, 1711, being the day appointed by her Majesty for a Collection to be made in the City towards the more effectual Pro- pagation of the Gospel in foreign Parts, humbly offered to the venerable Society in- corporated for that purpose, on St. Matth, xxviii. 19. London, 17 11., 8vo. *" (14) De Missione Evangelica Concio habita coram Clero Londinensi in Ecclesia 'parochiali Sti. Ealfegi 3tio. Id. Maii Anno a Christo incarnato MDCCXII. Cap. 28, S. Matt, comm. 19 Hag. Com. 1712, 4to. " (15) Thankfulness for Peace, the Subject's duty to God's Vicegerent. A Sermon preached at St. James's, Garlick Hythe, London, and in the Oratory of the Royal Hospital at Greenwich, July 1713, on occasion of the general Thanksgiving appointed •by her Majesty for the Peace, on Acts xxiv. v. 1, 3. Lond. 1713, 4to. and SJvo. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1017 the universal calling of the Gentiles, favoured the theological world with his endeavours towards an elucidation of the apocalyp- tical visions.* " (16) Articles of Visitation and Enquiry exhibited by the very Rev. the Arch- deacon of St. Alban, to the several Ministers, Churchwardens, and Sidesmen of the several Parishes within the said Archdeaconry, at his Visitation in the Year 1714. Lond. 1714. 4to. " (17) Articles concerning Matters Ecclesiastical to be enquired of and answered unto in presentments by the Churchwardens and Sidesmen of the respective Parishes ■within the Archdeaconry of St. Alban, either at the General Visitation 1716, or at the next parochial one, to be held by the Rev. Archdeacon thereof, Philip Stubs, M.A. To which is prefixed the tenor of the oath to be then administered to the several Churchwardens and Sidesmen, with the Substance of those Canons, on which their regular and conscientious Presentments are to be grounded. Lond. , 1716, 4to. " (18) Advice to the Rev. the Clergy of the peculiar Jurisdiction of St. Alban, within the Diocess of London, given in the Court Consistorial, held there on Thurs- . day May 2, 1723, at the Eighth general Visitation of that Archdeaconry. Lond. 1723, 4to. and 8vo. " 09) Farther Advice to the Rev. the Clergy of the peculiar Jurisdiction of St. Alban, within the Diocess of London, given in the Court Consistorial, held at the ninth General Visitation of that Archdeaconry on April 19> and May 20, 1725, at St.Alban's, Hertfordshire, mutatis mutandis at Winslow, Buckinghamshire, published at the request of several! of St.Alban's Clergy, and for the Interest of their small ^ug- mentable Livings. Oxford, 1725, 12mo. " (20) The divine Right of Prerogative Royal. A Sermon preached June 1 1, 1728, in the Oratory of the Royal Hospital, Greenwich, on the first Anniversary of his Ma- jesty King George the Second's happy Succession to the Throne, made publick at the Appointment of Sir John Jennings, the much honoured Master and Governor thereof. Oxf. 1728. 2d Edit. Oxf. 1729. " (21) More Advice to the Rev. the Clergy of the peculiar Jurisdiction of St. Al- ban within ,the Diocess of London, given at a general Visitation (both of the Hert- fordshire and Buckinghamshire Parts of it) in the Court Consistorial at St. Alban's, May 23, 1729, concerning— 1. The faithfull discharge of their sacred function.— 2. Their opinion of Woolston, the Accuser of the Brethren.— 3. The proposal oiFered for augmenting the poorer Livings amongst: them. Oxford, 1729; oct. jidfo/u, * " Nathaniel Makchwick, Merc. Sciss. Di. Jo. Bapt. adroiss. 1682, -AM- J? 12 Ap. 1690, S.T.B. 1 Feb. 1695, Ecclesise parochialis B. Mariae Magdalenae inTaun- 6 o 1018 THE HISTORY OP On the 26th of May, 1735, died the inoffensive, charitable, and unblemished, Knight, Vicar of St. Sepulchre's. He was a gen- tleman of great principle, erudition, and piety, the delight of his friends and acquaintance, and universally beloved by his parish- ioners. His learning extended itself to all parts of polite litera- ture, but was conspicuous in that of his own profession, and par- ticularly in the knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, in which, without disparagement to any of his order, he excelled. His care of his parish was exemplary and paternal, not only in a strict residence and performing all the necessary duties of his function, but in benevolence and charity to the sOula and bodies of those ton et de East Brent in Com. Somerset Vi'carius, et Ecclesiae Cathedralis Wellensis Preabendarius. [Vicar of Westbury, Bucks, 14 Jul. 1692, resigned 1694.] " Diac. Cap. Coll. Mag. Oxon, ab Hough, Ep~o Oxon, 20 Sept. 1.6fli; Presbyt. ab eodem Ep~o. et in eadem Cap. 8 May, 1692. '*■ A Calculation of the seventy Weeks of Daniel) ix. 24, as they are supposed, and shown to be different from the seventh and sixty-second in the following Verse, arid also from the one Week, Verse 27. In the discussing of which three of the most 'difficult Chapters in the Revelations, xi. xii. xiii. are occasionally attempted to he explained,' and due application made of several Passages in the Psalms and Texts in the Holy Prophets manifestly relating to the last Times, the most glorious restauration and resurrection of God's antient Church and People the Jews in Conjunction with the universal Calling of the Gentiles. Lond. 1728, 8vo. ; "' Slricturse Lucis, Part I. [The last Additions to ' Stricturee Lucis,' London, 1750. oci] ' '" A Supplement to Stricturse Lucis, or second Thoughts, being an Addition to, and Correction of, some Conjectures and Expositions in a former Discourse upon Da- niel's Weeks, and several Passages in the Revelations, particularly Ch. xvii. v. 8, 9> 10, 11. > " Some additional Notes towards a farther Elucidation of the apocalyptical Visions, those especially which may admit of any other Interpretation than what hath been hitherto obtained by Way of Appendix to six small Tracts lately published* Lond. 1734, octavo. " I have some short account of Mr. Marchwick from Mr. Archdeacon Atwood>" Rawlinson's MSS. No. 464. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1019 who were committed to his care. In private life he was adorned with all the virtues of a Christian, and in publick he was a man of such inflexible integrity that he could not submit to obse- quious compliance, and therefore, as a cotemporary observed, he died in the sixty-third year of his age, Vicar of St. Sepul- chre's.* His publications, exclusive of what he wrote in the Tri- nitarian Controversy, consisted of sermons preached on particular occasions.*!* But, after his death, there came out * The Criterion of Christianity/:}; and ' A Discourse of the Conflagration and Re- novation of the World.§ The former was published by a gentle- .. * See London Evening Post, Thursday, May 29, 1735. f" A Sermon preached at the Visitation of the Right Reverend Father in God John [Robinson] Ld Bishop of London, held in the Parish Church of St. Sepulchre, Nov. 10, 1719, published by his Lordship's order, and at the request of the Clergy. Lond. 1719, oct. on Deut. xvii. 12. " A Sermon preached in the Parish Church of St. Sepulchre, June 9, 1720, being Thursday in Whitsun Week, the Anniversary Meeting of the Children educated in the Charity Schools in and about the Cities of London and Westminster, published at the Request of the Trustees of the said Charity Schools. Lond. 1720, on Psalm lxxii. 4. " Judgment and Justice the solid Foundation of human Happiness, a Sermon preached before the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor [Sir Richard Brocas, Knt.} and Aldermen of the City of London, at the Parish Church of St. Lawrence Jewry, on Tuesday Sept. 29, 1730, before the Election of a Lord Mayor for the Year ensuing. Lond. 1730, quarto, on Deut. xvi. 18. % " The Criterion of Christianity, being the Queries proposed, by the late Mr. John Gonston, alias Sharpe, a Romish Priest, to the Rev. Dr. Knight, late Vicar of St. Sepulchre's, concerning the Perpetuity and Indefcctibility of the true Church* containing, I. The Queries sent by Mr. Gonston. II. Dr. Knight's Answer thereto. HI. Mr. Gonston's Reply. And IV. Dr. Knight's Rejoinder, wherein he has fully proved that the Church of Rome is not the Church of Christ, which is likewise con* firmed by Dr. Trap. Lond. 1736, oct." . § " A Discourse of the Conflagration and renovation. of the World, wherein it is proved, that God will not suffer the Devil to triumph over His Works, but that Christ at His second. coming will destroy the Powers of Darkness, and dwell with His Saints ■on Earth ; to which is added some account of his Life. Lond. 1736, oct." 6o2 1020 THE HISTORY OF man who had been seduced by a Popish Priest to the Church of Rome, and happily recalled by the arguments of Knight : the latter by some anonymous editor, who probably made it the vehicle of sentiments foreign to the author's, as it was formally disavowed by his niece, who lived with him at his death, and was his sole executrix,* and as there is subjoined to it a character of Knight, evidently designed to censure some of his clerical brethren while it was a panegyrick upon him.-f He was succeeded * Daily Post, 27 May, 1735. •j- " Dr. Knight, (says this anonymous biographer,) was a man of a most unblem- ished character, of a kind, humane, and affable disposition, and very helpful to the poor. He constantly attended his priestly office, never neglected preaching at his own Parish Church every Sunday morning, unless he was prevented by sickness, or preached a charity sermon elsewhere. He was not of the covetous temper of those, whose whole aim is making gain of the gospel, and leave to hirelings the souls of flocks committed to their care. He was in a most Christian manner truly sensible of his great office, and therefore both by his life as well as doctrine, demonstrated the great happiness attending a virtuous and good life. He was very willing to relieve the minds of his parishioners from any doubts or difficulties about religion ; in which his Christian temper and happy address made him very successful. He avoided pub- lick feasts, not thinking it suitable to the gravity and office of a Clergyman to mix in company, where jollity and mirth is the only design of their meeting, for he was thoroughly sensible that the glory of God did not consist in being a religious Epicure, he practised the duty of reclaiming and not rioting with his flock. He was beloved by his parishioners in general ; for he was a true Minister of Christ and Christian charity, and not a promoter of feuds and animosities ; and tho' a zealous defender of the true orthodox faith of the Church of England, yet had charity towards people of different persuasions ; he did not thunder out his anathemas against them, but by his great knowledge in Church history, and the sacred scriptures, cleared the excel- lencies of the Established Church from the clouds which have endeavoured to obscure it. He was a man of such learning, virtue, and integrity, that he has left few equals behind him. Were the Christian Churches throughout this kingdom adorned with such preachers, religion would be more practised, and its teachers reverenced." Upon the publication of the Discourse on the Conflagration, the following notice was given. ' This is to acquaint the publick that neither the above Discourse nor the Account of the Doctor's Life, was published with my knowledge or privity, nor I believe by any person who had any intimacy with him while he lived, or access to his writings since his death.' ' Mary Knight.' MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1021 in the Vicarage of St. Sepulchre's by John Dry, Fellow of St. John's.* In the course of the Summer, Primate Boulter sent over let- ters to the twelve Companies of London, who have estates in Ire- land hoping they would consider the condition of the Protestants m that kingdom, and suggesting that if schools were erected for the education of children, such a measure would be the means of bringing off great numbers from ignorance and Popery, and be very instrumental in strengthening the Protestant interest. The Haberdashers' Company, who were then in the receipt of near two hundred per annum from that country, ordered, at their meet- ing on the 17th of December, that two years' rents of their Irish estates should be paid in there for that laudable purpose.-f In 1736, this active Prelate was re-appointed one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor Windham and Mr. Boyle4 * n conjunction with whom he took great pains * " John Dry, son of born at 15 Oct. 1694> // admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School 28 March 1703, elected to St. John's College 11 June 1713, actual Fellow 17 16, B.A. in Easter Term 17 17, M.A. 12 June 1721, Deacon's orders at Christ Church, Oxford, from- the Bp. of Oxford (Potter) on 12 June 1720, Priest's at Xt Church from the same Bishop on 4 June 1721, B.D. 7 May 1728, presented to the Vicarage of St. Giles's in Oxford by St. John's College, in- stituted , inducted , and 7 June 1735, presented by the same to the Vicarage of St, Sepulchre's in London, instituted , , inducted 21 June, and took his degree of D.D, 12 July 1735. Hid*Z.fy/r,tjJ* ^■/■'^/U " He has published — " Merton Walks, &c. " In a piece entit. ' Miscellaneous Collections from Bion, Moschus, Ovid, and Mr. Addison, &c.' Oxford, 17 16, oct. pag. 51, ' The fugitive Cupid from Bion.' This was a task imposed on him by Mr. Tho. Tooly, M.A. Dean, and, as he told me, printed against his consent. " Videsis Carmina in Annam Reginam et Radclivii Exequias ab Oxoniensibus cele- bratas."— Rawlinson's MSS. No. 989. T Rawlinson's MSS. J Biographia Britannica. Art. Boulteb, [Hugh] Note L. 1022 THE HISTORY OF to procure a regulation of the coinage of Ireland; which was re- garded by the Primate and his friends as the most useful, and on that account the most important transaction of his life.* But of this more hereafter. On the 5th of May, William Deriiam, Fellow of St. John's, was admitted Junior Proctor of the University of Oxford ;-f and Holmes, President of that College, was appointed Regius Profes- sor of Modern History .J Jones,§ formerly Master of the Free-School at Oundle, pub- * For the whole of the Primate's transactions relative to the coinage of Ireland, see his Letters, with some intervals, from vol. i. p. 246 to vol. ii. p. 247. But, as the affair was peculiarly important, and forms so remarkable an incident in our good Pre- late's life, the reader's attention should be particularly directed to a letter from him to Sir Robert Walpole, vol. ii. p. 155* t Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 167. % Wood's History of Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p. 546. § " John Jones, son of Win. Jones, Citzen and Apothecary of London, was born in the Old Jury, in the Parish of St. Mary Cole, London, 31 Aug. 1693, ad- mitted into Merchant-Taylors' School [1 1 April, 1703,] and elected from thence to St. John's College 11 June 1712, matriculated , became a Civi- lian , took Deacon's orders at Christ Church from the Bp. of Oxford on 21 April 1717, Priest's at the same place from the same Bishop on 21 Dec. 1718, elected by the Grocer's Company of London Master of the Free School at Oundle in Northamptonshire in Feb. 1741, resigned his Fellowship 10 June 17)9, took the degree of B.C.L. April 9, 1720, resigned his school about Midsummer 1722, (esteemed a very Orbilius,) being collated to the Rectory of Kirkby Underwood in Lincolnshire by Edmund (Gibson) Bp. of Lincoln, Patron ratione Episcopates of the aforesaid Rectory, to which he was instituted 7 April, and inducted 19 May, 1.722. " While at Oundle he printed for the use of his school An English Introduction to Grammar. " He has been sometime on Virgil, tho' the small encouragement Horace met with, scarce more than its own expense, should deter him from an edition of an author, which has been so frequently, one may say innumerable times, printed. " Presented by Dr. Gibson, Bp. of London, to the Rectory of Uppingham in the county of Rutland, an.d instituted 18 May, 1743."-— Razelinsoris MSS. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1023 lished a Translation of Horace, which he dedicated to the Duke of Rutland, to whom he was introduced by Mr. Mattaire. His Grace gave him twenty guineas, but so trifling was the encourage- ment this edition met with, that the liberality of his Mecsenas did little more than enable him to defray the expense of pub- lication. Meanwhile Rawlinson, the celebrated Antiquary of St. John's, Oxford, had projected an Enlargement and Continuation of Wood's Athenae.* In pursuance of his scheme he transmitted blank forms to Wheatly and his other friends, which he wished them to fill up with such particulars of Oxford writers among their acquaintance as might contribute to the perfection of his work. And being at the same time engaged in an extensive lite- rary correspondence with them on other subjects, he availed him- self of every opportunity which this afforded him of advancing his favourite object, the illustration of the University in which he had been bred. -f * It is with sincere pleasure that I have read a * Prospectus of a new Edition of Wood's Athenae Oxonienses,' in which Rawlinson's additions will be incorporated by the Editor, Robert Bliss, Fellow of St. John's. f- " Wheatly to Rawlinson.. ft Dear Doctor, Pelham, 15 Dec. 1736. , " 1 heartily ask your pardon for not having much sooner acknowledged the . favour of your two letters which, I received from you since your return from Oxford. But a business. you are well acquainted with (that of preparing for, and correcting from, the press,)* scared leaves -me time to perform common civilities. But I snatch a moment to return you thanks in particular for the curiosity o£ the Bidding Form, which I have, placed as a most valuable thing in my^Archives.' " I endeavoured to wait upon you when I was in town, in October ; and left my name with a woman in an apartment near yours : but, perhaps, she might forget it. "I hope to be in. town again in March, if not sooner. And then I will again endeavour to pay my respects to my much valued friend Dr. Rawlinson. And if L * His Sermons preached at Boyle's Lecture. 1024 THE HISTORY OF On the 7th of February, 1737, Derham, of St. John's, still can think of any thing that may be serviceable to you in your useful, but laborious work you have undertaken, no man has a better or more hearty inclination to it, than, Dear Sir, Your very affectionate and obliged servant, C. Wheatly." " From the same to the same. " Dear Dootor, " I had the favour of your letter of Dec. 31, and live in expectation of a call to town soon, when I will take the first opportunity of appearing personally before you. I wish that I was as able to serve you in your work, as I should be willing to do it. But I have always had the misfortune of a short memory, and consequently can be but a poor help in furnishing out memoirs. Perhaps, when we come together, we may recollect something which neither of us apart should have thought of. " As to your queries. — Dr. Lyle and I. know one another: but that is all either of us, I believe, care to do. Dr. Berriman is exellently well able to serve you further than in what concerns himself. No man knew more of men formerly ; nor is blessed with a better memory still. Mr. Lee, of Essendon, I know not. Dr. Young I know well, and believe I could have interest enough with him to fill up an account of him- self and his own writings. But I hear he is gone with his Lady to drink the waters at Aix la Chapelle. The London Clergy I have but very little knowledge of at pre- sent; Dr. Best, Dr. Dry, Dr. Trap p, the two Berrimans, Dr. Bristow, Dr. Watson, Dr. Astrey, Dr. Shippen, are all that I can recollect. If I can serve you with any of them, I shall be much at your service. Dr. Watson (whom you particularly men- tion) I spent an evening with, when I was in town last : but found him much out of order, and I question whether he can have yet recovered a state of health. Do you remember your own tutor Dr. Haywood: He, I believe, would think himself ne- glected to be left out of yoxxr Athena: his doctorate I suppose will him into your Fasti. My own excellent tutor Dr. Knight, several anonymous pieces : When we meet, I shall whether you have an account of them all. In the mean while permit me to subscribe myself, Dear Ddctor, " 19 Jan. 1736. Your hearty old friend, and ever affectionate servant, C. Wheatly. " Pray does Mr. Martin Foulkes ever design to publish an account of English coins ? " merchant-Taylors' school. 1025 Ih'his Proctorship; Was elected Dr. White's Reader of Moral f*liilosdphy.* • ; There had long been a grand opposition to Sir Robert Walpole's administration, supported by that celebrated political paper, 'called* The Craftsman/ which had now been carried on for a number of years with great spirit and success. This paper was more read and attended to than any production of the kind, ^hich had hitherto been published in England. Ten or twelve thousand were sold in a day ; and the effect which it had in rai- sing the indignation of the people, and in controlling the power of administration, was very considerable.-}- Lord Bolingbroke and Mr. Pulteney, and probably other leaders of the opposition, contributed to support the Craftsman by their fame and their writings. TaoLxj the editor of Tully's Offices, wrote some pa- * Wood's Fasti by.Gutch, p. 167. ; t Cibber's Lives of the Poets, vol. v. p. 325, aad New "General Dictionary, Art. Amhurst, [Nicholas] % " Thomas Tooly, born in London, descended from an antient family at Botton^ in Lincolnshire, educated first at a private school at Mortimer in Hampshire, and thence removed to Merchant-Taylors' School, London, from whence he was elected a scholar to St. Jean's College in Oxford in 1705, admitted Fellow in 1708, took hi* degree of B.A. in 1709, and of M.A. 28 March 174f, continued a Fellow, for some years after he was married; cessione Jacobi KnightJJAp. 1716, Linguae Graecae Prselector constitutus, was Greek Lecturer in that College for some years that he might statutably continue out of Holy orders, but suffering .much in his fortune in the South Sea Company, he took Deacon's orders at Peterborough 1721, from Bishop Kennett, having been just before expelled his College for severall crimes al- ledged against him, but more particularly contumacy, appealed to Dr. Trimnell, Bp of Winchester, the Visitor, who, after several hearings at Chelsea, confirmed tlie sentence. of expulsion. In the carrying on this whole affair he was thought to be very much encouraged by Bishop Kennett, who did nothing for him except enabling him to procure a maintenance by putting him into Priest's orders in 1728. The Earl of Shaftsbury gave him Compton a sinecure in Dorsetshire, and he was Curate $f Outhingworth near Harborough in Leicestershire, having been before Curate at Sun- ning in Berkshire, presented by Win. Hanbury, Esq. to the Rectory of KelJmarsh in 6p 1026 THE HISTOHY OF pers in it. But Amhurst, as has already been observed, was the ostensible conductor of it. His papers in it are allowed to have been composed with ability and spirit. And he conducted the publication in the very zenith of its prosperity, with no small reputation to himself. On the 2d of July, however, there ap- peared an ironical letter, written in the name of Colley Gibber, the design of which was to ridicule the act that had just passed for licensing plays. In this letter the Laureat proposes himself to the Lord Chamberlain to be made superintendant of the old plays, as standing equally in need of correction with the new ones* and produces several passages from Shakespeare and other poets, in relation to Kings, Queens, Princes, and Ministers of State, which he says are not now fit to be brought on the stage. The printer, Leicestershire, vacant by the death, of J. Cradbck, formerly of Wadham, 10 May,, and instituted 2 June 1737 ; inducted 1 Sept. following. " See the ace* of the proceedings against him, commutiicated by himself to RR. " He opened the Comitia Philologica in Theatro Sheldoniano decimo die Julii A.D. 1713, celebrata in Honorem Serenissimae Reginaa Annae Pacificse, Junioris Comi- tiorum vices peregit subsequentium, Magister replicans futurns in proximis Comitiis 10 Jul. 1713, has inter Poemata Miscellanea a Tonsono impressa, Verses on the Death of Q. Anne and Dr. Radcliffe. " Amongst some Miscellaneous Translations from Bion, Ovid, Moschus, and Mr.-. Addison, with an original Poem on Bowling, Oxford, 1716, oct. pag. 34, * The Fall of Nipbe, Englished from the Sixth Book of Ovid's Metamorphoses.' " M.T. Ciceronis de Officiis libri tres,. Cato Major, Laelius, Paradoxa, Soinnium Scipionis, ex optimis Exemplaribus recensuit selectis variorum notis,. nonnullas etiam< suas adjecit. Oxon. 1717. " Amongst the Examiners wrote by Dr. Joseph Browne some papers. " Homer in a Nutshell, or the Illiad of Homer in Immortal Doggrel, by NickyoV mus Ninny-Hammer. E.G. Lorid. 1717, oct. " Basra, the Charms of Kissing - y translated from the Latin of Catullus and Seciln- dus. Lond. 1719, oct. u Oratio funebris in Sacello Collegii Divi Joannis Baptistse, habita in obitum Ro- bebti Blunt, AM. ejusdem Collegii Socii. Lond. 1722, oct. Lat. Engl. " Several of the Papers called The Craftsman, and letters in them in. aid to hte friend Mr. Amhurst."— Rawlinson's MSS. No. 754.. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 102? &c.' having been laid hold of by order of government, Amhurst voluntarily surrendered himself in their stead,* and was carried by a messenger before the Duke of Newcastle to be examined. The crime imputed to him was, that he was suspected to be the author of a paper suspected to be a libel. As no proofs were alleged against him, nor witnesses produced, an examination of this kind could not last long. As soon as it was over, he was told that the crime being bailable, he should be bailed upon finding sufficient securities to answer for his appearance and trial. He gave bail for his appearance, but the other terms imposed upon him he absolutely refused. Upon that refusal he was remanded back into custody ; and the next day brought his habeas corpus, and was then set at liberty by consent, till the twelve Judges should determine the question, whether he was obliged to give bail for his good behaviour, as well as his appearance, before he was entitled to his liberty. This determination, the most impor- tant to the freedom of every man in England, that the Judges could be called upon to give, was impatiently expected by the publick, and several days were fixed for hearing counsel on both sides, but no proceedings of that kind took place, and the ques- tion was suffered to remain undetermined.-f- On the 20th of July^Sied Sir Gerard Conyers, late Lord Mayor of the City of London. And, on the 3d of August he was buried at Walthamstow,J where his family had resided many years in a mansion built by one of their ancestors.§ ■* Gentleman's Magazine, vol. vii. pp. 430 and 573. t Lord Lyttleton's Miscellaneous Works, vol. i. pp. 94, 95. 3d edition, J * « H. S. E. Inter venerandos Suorum Cineres, Gekaedus Conyers, Miles. Oui, juventute ad Smyrnam feliciter acta, Famae et Fortunarum Fundamenta posuit Londini, reversus, ea Integritate et Fide inclariiit, adeo prudens et indefessus audivit, ut, summo Civium consensu, ad Pretoria usque Magistratum evectus, in omni Munere, et suam, et Gp2 1028 THE HISTORY OS As Primate Boulter always studied the true interest of Ire*- land, so he judged that the diminishing the value of the gold coin would be a means of increasing silver in the country, a thing very* much wanted at this time ; in order to effect which, he espoused and supported a scheme at the Council Table, which raised against him the clamours both of the artful and the unthinking. It is scarcely conceivable, considering the clearness of the case, what a bitter opposition was made by Dean Swift, the Bankers, and others. Nay, his Grace was poorly assisted,* and was even op;- posed by some who ought to have been his supporters from rea- son, from interest, and from the duty they owed to their country and to government. Such a malignant spirit was raised on this* occasion, that it was thought proper to lodge at the Archbishop's, house an extraordinary guard of soldiers. || But experience soon- demonstrated the wisdom of his proceedings. The fact is, the- scarcity of silver coin in Ireland had for some years been very< great, occasioned by the sinking of the current value of gold* coin in England some years before, the same having been reduced* there sixpence in each, guinea, which made it more advantageous, to dealers to send over silver than gold in payment of the balance; of trade which lay against Ireland. To remedy this, it was pro- posed to reduce the value of gold coin in Ireland three pence in each guinea, and other pieces in proportion, in order to bring' silver and gold nearer a par in value, and by, that means to put a. ; i ;» -*i Urbis,Dignitatemoptim6sustinuit. IhmediishisceHonoribusetBonorum,omniumAmore,felicissime consenuit. Tandem Dierum plenus et-Vitae satur, Objit Die 29'J.ulii, Anno Dom. 1737. iSltat; 88. : ,-, TJxorem.duxit Annam, «;> Filiam Christophori Lethieullier, Militis. quae objit Die 16 Decembris 1728, cujus. Reliquiae- hie juxta depositee requiescunt. Ex illa'nullam suscepit Prolem: et Edvardum CSnyers, Armig. Nepotetn optime Merentem t Haeredem ex Asse reliquit. " § " Tristram Conyers, who died in 1620." — Lysom's Environs of London, vol iv~ p. 225.. * r || Archbishop Boulter's Letters, vol. ii. p. 24.3. , - j,,, ,;■.*■, .'. '; »a^ MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1029 stop to the practice of sending silver abroad. This scheme was carried into execution by proclamation, on the 10th of Septem- ber, and experience soon showed that it had the intended effect, J>oth by making silver more plentiful in the kingdom, and keep- ing down exchange to a more certain and moderate rate. Few people are capable of making a just judgment of the springs and motives of the actions of government, nor does it belong to any to do so, but to those who are placed at the head of affairs. The populace, whom in seasons of scarcity he had saved from famine, encouraged by some dealers in exchange* who were the only losers by the alteration, grew clamorous, and laid the ruin of their country, as they ignorantly or maliciously called it, at the Pri- mate's door. Many libels and bitter invectives were written against him on the occasion, as if he were the author of woes, which after all were only felt in imagination. Swift hung out a black flag on the top of St. Patrick's Church, and caused a dumb peal to be rung, with the clappers of the bells muffled ; but this* peal turned out, in the end, to be the passing bell of his own political reputation.* Boulter, conscious of his own integrity, * During the contest, the ^following Copy of Verses. Was written by some friend* of + rip IjMn fi « AY and NO, a Tale from Dublin. At Dublin's high feast sat Primate and Dean, Both dress'd like Divines, with band and face clean.— Quoth Hugh of Armagh, ' The mob is grown bold;' ' Ay, ay,' quoth the Dean, ' the cause is old gold.' i 'No, no,' quoth the Primate, ' if causes we sift, ; •• ; ' The mischief arises from witty Dean Swift.' ! The smart one replied, ' there's no wit in the case, , * And nothing of that ever troubled your -Grace. ,..,;, ,| « Though with your state sieve your own notions you split,. 1 A Boulter by name is no Bolter of wit. r. ./I ' c It is a matter of weight, and a mere money job ;. ; * '"' , « gut the, lower the coin, the higher the mob. ■ /ym \ J ir ;J 1030 ^ THE HISTORY OS despised the foolish noise, the people* in a short time recovered their senses, and he has left an example,' perhaps unparalleled in history, of a person, tfho, from a state: of distaste and odium, recovered as high a degree of popularity* as has ever fallen to the share of any subject.* ^JX . On the 18th of October,/died Evan's* the 1 satirist of Tindal.f About the same time also Bridge,^: another Poet of St. John's, who, after having, been presented to three several livings by his society, had returned to College,' but not to the enjoyment of it,| paid the debt of nature. And before the close of the ydar^the ^ conscientious Zinzano breathed his last, in the 68th year of his age. On resigning his preferments in 1715, rather than offer vio- lence to his conscience, he had retired to Hampton in Middlesex-! ' Go tell your friend Bob, and the other great folk, ' That sinking the coin is a dangerous joke>— ' The Irish, dear joys, have enough common sense, ' To treat gold reduced like Wood's copper pence. ' It is pity a Prelate should die without law ; * But if I say the word, — take care of Armagh.' " Supplement to Swift's Works, p. 584. * Biographia Britannica, Art. Boulteb, [Hugh] Note K. t " Hearne to Rawlinson. Ap. 5, 1734. " I know nothing of an Explication and Vindication of the Rubricksfor the 1 \th day of June, fyc. that you mention, but the Biter biten was written, by Dr. Evans, of your College." >M^P ftn*j tod h 1+i- /iUQ 'ftd* dkwM) ffirnAJh^ '/ xi-fl Z.1+U J " His verses are to be seen in all the University books, after he was a member of the body, upon all publick occasions." — Rawlinson's MSS. § " He was a gentleman of very good sense, and in his younger days sociable, but upon what account is not known, as he advanced in years he became suspicious, delighted much in solitude and kept little company. Much may be attributed to his living so long a College life."— Rawlinson's MSS. No. 765. || " From Nicholas Zinzano to Ric. Rawlinson. " R. S 1 " I have found and sent you two Election Papers of 1685 and ,1686, which are all I have. I believe Mr. North, Clerk of the Merchant-Taylors' Company, may hav« MERCHANT-TAYIORS* SCHOOL. 105J. There he wrote a Poem* entitled * Paradise Regained .:. or the Art' of Gardening/ And there, after conciliating the regard of all who had access to him by his unaffected piety, his sweet temper, and his sound learning* he died sincerely lamented.* Early in the year 1738, Wheatly, who had always shown /a himself a eealous Trinitarian,: published the sermons which he had preached at Lady Moyer's Lecture, under the title of * The Nicene and Athanasian Creeds explained, and confirmed by the Holy Scriptures.' And though, when, in the midst of preparing for, ^nd correcting from, the press, he had not been an inatten* fcive correspondent, he was now more at liberty to gratify his Ktetary friends.f some in his office, or Mi\ Smith may have some in the School Library. I wish I could have sent you more, being with great respect, - Your humble serv* " Hampton, May 19, 1729. Nicho. Zinzano." * « Edidit— ** A Sermon preached before the Right 'Hon 1 * the Lord Mayor (Wm. Withers) tfce Judges and Aldermen at the Cathedrall of St. Paul, on June 1, 1708, on 1 Thess. v. 21. Lond. 1708; 4toj " A Short Paraphrase on the Book of Psalms, whereby to render them the more ftasihr intelligible to the vulgar Readers. By a Presbyter of the Church of England, London, 1712. " The Servant's Calling, with some Advice to the Apprentice, designed for such as have had thebenefit bf a gdod Education, or would be assisted under the disadvan- tage or a bad one. Lond. 1725, 12mo. "• Paradise Regained : or the Art of Gardening. A Poem. Lond; 1728, 8vo."~ Kawlimon's MSS. No. 340. f " Wheajlx to Rawlinson. " Dear Doctor, " I acknowledge myself indebted jo yoy for both ft kind and obliging let- ters, which I ought in good manners to have answered sooner: for, I thank God I have not the plea, of ill-health to excuse me: but only my hupy,tp,get my Lady Moyer's Lectures.out of the press, which I hope to do now very soon : being engaged at present in the last thing (tho' it always stands first) the dedication. Mine is to our Primate, the Lord Abp. of Canterbury } and I should be glad, if I were near you. 1032 ' THE HISTORY OP • ' Archbishop Boulter was re-appointed one of the Lords Jus- to peep into your records of him : When was he made Professor ? — When Bp. of Oxford ? — What books besides what 'I "know has he published ? I know of his Greet Antiquities: his Clemens Alexandrinfls': his Charge and Defence of it: his Church Government: and Sermon at, the Coronation : but if it were not too much trouble to ask of you, I should be glad of an excerpt from your Athena on his name. . I am afraid this will not come time enough, else it might be sent me by Thomas Orgar, who comes out from the White-Heart by Hicks's Hall, on Friday noon. Should he be gone, if the messenger would leave it at Mr. Bettenham's, Printer, in St. he can convey it to me with the next sheet I shall receive from him the beginning of the next week. But I ain contracting new debts before I have discharged .the old ones. I shall therefore recollect myself, and acknowledge what obligations I have to you already. " The author of the Calendar you were so kind to communicate, was a great lover of fasting. I hope he took care to provide for himself* I once myself liked it as a means: but when it ceases to be such, and proves distractive, I hope it is not re- quired as a duty. Catcott's Sermon t here return you with it. A Feeder also on Roots: but with him I could heartily take a meal, and twice in my time have had a stomach to digest them : but, fool as I was, disused myself to them. But I hope they would not have turned my brain, as they seem to have done my fellow collegian's. But it is dangerous to enter upon new schemes, when nature is nearer its decline than its spring. You say, you have the Answer to his Sermon, and his Reply : I would thank you for the sight of them. But Clark Hoadly's Panegyrick I hear is in our neighbourhood, from whence I can have it without giving you any trouble. I return you also your account of tS maw Watson, with the addition of one piece, which he presented me as his, with his own hand. " Queen Elizabeth's Letter, &c. which you mention I never saw : but King Ed- ward's Order of Communion in 1548, I suppose to be the same which Bp. Sparrow gives us in 1547. The Common Prayer noted I knew of before, as you will perceive by a list I have taken of the first editions of King Edward's First Common Prayer, which I have here enclosed, and if it gives you any satisfaction I shall think myself exceedingly rewarded : being never happier than in any opportunity which gives me room to express myself Dear Doctor B.awlinsori's very affectionate " 24 Jan. 1737-8. humble servant, C. Wheatltt." merchant-'Taylors school. 1033 tides' of Ireland, with the Lord Charicellor Windliam and Mr. Boyle.* On Saturday the 17th of Match, 1739, Bishop Wilcox preached tfefore the Society corresponding with the incorporated Society in Dublin for promoting English Protestant Charity Schools in Ire- land. And, oh Wednesday the 21st of that month, Bereiman preached before the religious Societies in and about London at their quarterly^ meeting in the Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, with a " From the Same to the same. " Dear Sir, ''"I return yon with thanks Mr. Law's book, and the two conferences you have been so kind to lend me. Mr. Law, I think, is no otherwise severe upon his advert sary than by playing. upon the necessary consequences of his doctrine. But I think he runs pretty deep into Quakerism : earnestly contending thro' his whole book for what they mean by the Light within : He asserts that Christ (the seed of the woman) has ever since the promise made to Adam been implanted in every one that cometh into the world, Heathens as well as Jews and Christians, without assigning (as 1 can find) what advantages Christians (to whom he has been externally revealed) have over those who never heard of Revelation. " As to the two conferences between the Dr and the philosopher; they are too philosophiek and sublime for me. If they understand one another, I am sure, as to myself, I understand neither. " 1 believe most of the books in Mr. Laurence's catalogue were really in his library. Most of his Chapel furniture I had seen : but his pix, ' '■ ■' his cruett, his box for unguent, and oil, I suppose you do not enquire after. " Your paper of blanks for Dr. Watson I have so carefully kid by that I have hid it from myself. But I hope to be in toWn in September, and then I shall be proud to introduce you to him, and to Mr. Decbair, Mr. Estwick, Dr. Astfy, and any other of the Universiiy that I know. " I was at Hartford last week, where Mr. Hallows showed me a letter from whence I find you are enquiring after him. But he is a Cambridge man. We have but very few Oxford men in this part of the country. I am your most obedient servant, * Bipgraphia Britannica, Art. Bovltek, [Hugh] Note L. 6q 1034 THE HISTORY OF view to stop the growth of some modern irregularities,* oeea* sioned by the institution of a set of fanatics, under the name of Methodists, of which one Whitfield, a young Clergyman of more zeal than knowledge,, was the founder. The regular Clergy were far from persecuting this man or his followers, and treated him at first with reserve, and afterwards, with, silent contempt. But their moderation was so far from having the desired effect, that it encouraged this, new enthusiast to encroach, upon parochial * From the Daily Advertize! - , Good Friday, 20th April, 1739. " Sir, . - " Among the many advertisements in your paper, I saw one of a sermon- preached by the Rev. Dr. Berriman, before the religious- Societies in and about London at Bow Church, March 21, 1738^9, with a view to stop the growth of some modern irregularities. Immediately I imagined it was chiefly levelled against th^ Methodists. I bought the Sermon directly, and was extremely glad to see so able a Divine, and one of the most learned men our Church can boast of, give the world his sentiments in publick against these modern enthusiasts,, whose rash tenets have drove many to despair. I was charmed with the calm reasonings our learned author ther$ gives them ; the rules and methods he lays down.tending solely for the advancement of religion and piety; his advising them not to follow any particular preacher by an pver zeal and fondness ; how far a man may judge of himself concerning points in religion, and many other difficulties he has cleared in such a masterly, sense, and perr spicuity of expression, as must do credit to the preacher and the subject. In order to recommend the sermon to the publick, I shall quote a paragraph out of it:— ' Be careful that no excellenc)' you either see or imagine in some preachers above others be allowed to draw you off from that attention which, is due to those to whose care the Providence of God has regularly committed you.. It was a fajilt severely xeprehended in the Church of. Corinth,, that they were apt to set up one preacher against another, professing themselves to be of Paul, Apollos, or Cephas, (1 Cor.i. l,2)j as if they had set up for heads of. different doctrine, and were not fellow-labourers in the same common cause, to preserve their converts in the unity of the faith, and prep- vent any division in the Body of Christ. And though there was no Church in the Apostle's age more abounding in spiritual gifts than that of Corinth ; yet this strife about their preachers is condemned as an argument of carnal affection, and a proof, that they still walked as men* 1 Cor. ii. 3." ' MERCHANT-TAYtdRS' SCHOOL. 1035 Churches, even against the will and consent of the legal incum- bents, to the great danger of the peace of society.* Wheatly continued his correspondence with Rawlinson on liturgical and other subjects.'!' * This was more than once the case in St. Margaret's Westminster. — TindaTs 'Continuation of Rapin, vol. xx. p. 439. t Wheatly to Rawlinson. " Dear Doctor, " In examining my letter-case, I find myself indebted to you for two. Your two other letters for enquiry of Dr. Astry and Dr. Waterland 1 keep safe by me ; but have been very unfortunately disappointed of seeing either of those gentlemen^ the two or three last times of my being in town : In March next, if well, I hope to make another attempt. ' At present, I thank you for your communication of y~r Com. Pr. Book, which I herewith return : I find the name of Fleetwood at the end of it, which you tell me is Bp. Fleetwood's; and very likely it may be so: for he was a very curious man. By some calculations in the book, I perceive that his notes, and very probably his collation of this book with the sealed ones, «aust have been made in the year 1685, when, I apprehend, the Bp. must have been very young. Tho' he has collated the seal'd book, I believe, pretty exactly; for I find but very few things which differ from my own. For I have a book of the same edition ; which I compared very diligently with a seal'd book (stolen, I suppose from some cathedral, but now,) in the library of Baliol College, Oxford. From thence I noted all the variations between that sealed book and the present printed ones ; and sometime afterwards I again compared those collations with the sealed book in the Tower, and found very few and insignificant, if any, differences between them. If you have any curiosity to see it, I will send it up to you. Tho' it will only confirm that the Bishop and myself had the same in- quisitiveness, and pretty nearly the same accuracy. " Of Godwin de Prasulibus I have both the English and the Latin edition : Does Dr. Richardson design any additions to it, or continuation of it F If he does, I hope he will take in better helps than our poor friend Dr. Salmon will afford him. * Law's Regeneration,' nor the 2d Answer to his ' Christian Perfection/ I have not yet seen. Any thoughts . that occur to me as to Oxford authors, you may depend upon being communicated. Sam. Parker's son, I had heard before, was apprenticed to Mr. Cle- ments: but the account you give me of his. extraordinary proficiency is new. If it be true also, I hope some generous patron of learning will recall him from .the book-, feller's shop, and place him in his father's seat the Bodleian Library. Benson's monji* 6q2 X, 1Q36 THE HISTORY OF Laurence Jackson, formerly; of St. John's College, Cam* bridge, and afterwards of Sidney College in that University, whom the reader may recollect as the author of a copy of verses and an epitaph on the amiable Ambrose, Bonwjcke, published an Examination of a Book, entitled * The true Gospel of Jesus Christ asserted, by Thomas Chubb,' and also of his ' Appeudix on Providence/ To this work is added, ' A Dissertation on Epis- copacy, showing in one short and plain view the grounds of it in scripture and antiquity.'* In the course of the year,. 1740, Archbishop Boulter was ap- pointed one of the Lords Justices of Ireland,, with the Lord Chan* cellor Joceline and Mr. Boyle.-f- And, on the 28th of December, Gilbert, Dean of Exeter, was consecrated to the Bi aho prick o£ Llandaff, to the great satisfaction of all who knew him..]; xnent is erected to the author of'* Paradise Lost:' and in a- poetical corner, I believe*, his busto will disturb none that lie near him. Even Dryden or Butler, 1 believe, would give him room, as I do myself, who, tho'' detesting all regicides, can, after South has ruffled me with indignation against thetm. calm and compose myself with a few lines of Milton. Campbell I have not seen of a long time; nor since he has so thoroughly discovered his temper, do I enquire after him. From our friend Dr. Brett I had a letter last week, which promises me another very speedily. 1 am, dear Doctor, ** Pelham, very sincerely and heartily, 5 Dec. 1739- ' your humble servant, C. Wheatly." * " Laurence Jackson, B.A. of St. John's in 1712, -M-.A. of Sidney in T7l6, and B.D. in 1723. Besides the volume abbve mentioned, he published ' Occasional Letters on several Subjects.' And ' A Letter to a young Lady, concerning the- Prin- ciples and Conduct of the Christian Life. Addressed to the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge.' By the title of this last publication it- appears that he was then Prebendary of Lincoln." — See Nichok's Literary Anecdotes; vol. i. p. 418. •J- Biographia Brilannica, Art. Boultee, [Hugh] Note L. % " John Gilbert, son of John Gilbert, Auctioneer and Warehousefceeper to the East India Company, born at on 18 Oct. 1693, admitted intb Mer- chant-Taylors' School 16 Ap. 1701, admitted' of Magdalen Hall and matriculated MERCHANT-TlAYLOrRS SCHOOL. tQ&t '; M^nM?Wle the friends, of Merchant-TaytoKs' saw with gfiefUhe feealtii of ,tl*e ijmutili reveled .W^bati-y so rapidly 'declining* that, notwithstanding his affectionate attachment to the school, he was notable to attend the examinations as usual. But„though tlxe yjolence of his disorder confined him to Uis Parsonage in the coiunlry, he kept up his- correspondence with Rawlinson to the last : *-''l"' ,( l 8 "' otni ? S n ' ,nv/ "'■ : ! ' ' ■ 1 ^ y ■< soal bsn-jf.-.'. >•'/,,, i Jul : ih ' Mil ,7'i-sb i -sibbitf vl '■> :I .-,* J^sus^i, ,, ■••cpr.^ 1<> aty-' an-os Vw/ohr r 14 J% iTl 1, removed to Trinity Coll'. ^^ j took the degree' of B.A. 5 May 1715, elected Fellow of Merton College 7 March'] 7 15; "actual took Deacon's orders at Oxford from the Bp of Oxford on 28 July 1717, Priest's at from the Bp of Exeter on 20 Oct. 1717, M.A. 1 February. J717 madeJ LL.D. by Archbis hop Wake, by Diplorna^dated^ , ;■ ', ■■- I71Z< ^ Chaplain in Ordinary to K. George 1. presented by the Bp of Exeter to the Vicarage of Ashbur-. ton, Devon, instituted 1 Aug. 1721, had a dispensation dated 2 March 1722, to hold with it the Rectory of St. Peter's Tavy, Devonsh. by the Bp of : Exeter, to which he was instituted 13 June 1723, installed Prebendary of Exeter 14 June, elected Canon Residentiary 29 June 1723, Sub-Dean 5 June 1724, installed Canon of the 8th ptalj of Christ Church in Qxford 1725, and Dean of Exeter. .27 Decern. 1726, elected Bishop of Llandaff , confirmed at Bow, Church 27. Dec. and consecrated at Lambejh Chapel ( 28 Dec. 1740, 'by the Archbishop of Canterbury and two other Bishops, to the great satisfaction of all who knew and respected him when Dean of Exeter, for his extraordinary accomplishments of nature andgrace, «o uncommon in this degenerate age.' " — From Lond. .Evening Post, 30 Dec. ,1740,-— Rawlimon's MSS. No, 1073. ^^/f • //*/ *)•**) .Xi< z^Ul ,C-f-<^ Mj A^' -I* ,j},. Wheatly to Rawlinson, , vu . .., , •>■< "' u Dear Doctor, V- Pelham, 26 Mar,, 1740,- " I find myself got very deeply in your debt. But the reason, >of it is an expectation I have had of an opportunity of acknowledging the several favours. I have received, propria persona. But along indisposition, attended at last with a violent disorder, prevented my coming up to the examination of the. school,, as usuaj. But as soon as I can get rid of it, I purpose to pay a visit to town. But that I ..may root detain your hooks too long, I have here returned them ; and designed when I sat down to have said something concerning each. But writing, or even thinking atten- tively, is at present very irksome tome. And therefore I will defer,, my thoughts, and the asking some questions concerning, the H-^-lmes in the Translator of Juvenal,, till I have an opportunity of seeing you. -, u , , ( .„ .,;, (_, , .■>,*. -','." April, when I hope to be i,n town,, i^. Dr. )Valei;land> month of waiting ; so .that \Qd8 •■■ THE HISTORY OS 1 In the latter part of the year 1740, and >the Spring and part of the Summer of 1741, -Ireland was again afflicted with a great I shall have an opportunity of seeing him and Dr. Astry hoth. But I have sent up their papers, that you may regulate them- a little, if there be anything else, you want to be inserted. Dr. Astry'sJs almost worn out, by carrying it so often in my pocket to London. I have inserted most of Dr. Waterland's writings into his paper : but there were 2 or 5 pieces which he writ against Collins (if I remember rightly) in vin- dication of some texts of Scripture, against which Dr. Middleton drew his pen : but tho^e ,1 can't find, having lost them, I suppose, by lending ihein. But when 1 see him, I shall be able to supply the defect. I am, dear Doctor, Your sincere humble servant^ C Wheatxy. *' I don't know any of the Fellows of Manchester." • ' •<■» From the same to the same. , " Dear Doctor, " The indisposition that hinder'd me from attending the school on the last day of examination, has been the occasion of my neglecting the acknowledgment of two letters I have had the honour to receive from you since. With each of them I received a sermon also : The first, which was published by a Fellow Collegiate of ■bur's, (but whose name I never so much as heard of before, for he was gone, be sure, "before I came,) I am persuaded was never composed by the man that drew up the! preface: tho' I except the last page or two, which seems to belong to the same author. The other sermon on Naaman is very well done, considering the side of the question it espouses; but Town to you my judgment is on the other side, in which you know I am not singular. If health permits, I hope to exhibit myself before you, before a month is expired; -and then I will restore you all with which you have en- trusted me. " Mr. Heton, whom you writ to me about some months ago, was to visit me lately; but I happened not to be at home. "But T will endeavour soon to return his visit: tho' knowing the man, I will not promise you to prevail with him to gratify you in answering the question you desire. " Whether my brother Wateriand be yet in Camhrldgeshire I don't know : But a# soon as I know he is, he shan't fail to be dunned for what I have so frequently applied to him for. Tho' he too is a man who is none of the easiest to be brought to upon such an occasion. " But now, dear Doctor, I want to apply to you for help. Read the enclosed from' our friend Dr. Brett's son, and you will see what it is. I fancy you can put me in a better way, than that he directs me to; because, I conclude, it is on an affair on MERCH'ANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1039 scarcity. ' Upon, this occasion Primate Boultek's charity was .again very extensive and remarkable, though conducted with Hiore regularity than before. The poor from all parts, without ■distinction of religion,* were fed in the workhouse twice every da"}'," according to tickets, issued by people entrusted by his Grace* Of which, from January to August, the number of tickets anlourited to seven hundred and thirty-two thousand three hun- dred and fourteen. The accounts of the distribution of this cha- rity are kept in the workhouse in Dublin ; and it is estimated .thereby, that two thousand five hundred souls were fed there every morning, and as many every evening, mostly at the Primate's expense, though some few others contributed to the good Work;. As a grateful memorial of his Grace's overflowing charity in re- lieving so many distressed families upon this occasion, a few lay gentlemen, at their private expense, erected before the close of the year, in the hall of the poor-house, a grand noble portrait of the Primate at full length, attended with a lively group of pro- per objects of different ages and sexes, all waiting for food sup<- plied by his bountiful hand.f At this height of deserved popu- larity, the Archbishop was re-appointed, for the last time, one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, with the Lord Chancellor JoceIin£ and Mr. Boyle.J As we are now arrived beyond the period, when the name of Linnaeus began to be celebrated throughout Europe, it is proper which yoii must have been employed often yourself. Be pleased therefore to give ine some, directions relating to it, by the first opportunity, (for you see the gentleman desires me to be expeditious,) and with y"r instructions to return the letter. " Pelham, I am, Dear Doctor, • r 13 May, 1741. " ' Sincerely your's, C.Wheatly." 1 ■ * Rawlinson's MSS. ri f This picture was designed by Mr. Bindon, the most eminent painter of his day .-J Biographia Britannka, Art. Boulteji, [Hugh]- Note D. » % Ibid. Note L. 104© lv v ' THE HISTORY OF "■:"! to observe that, among the learned botanists of England, whe early fecognized the prevailing excellencies of the Linhaean Sys- tem, must be ranked the scientifick -William Watson.* When Botany was feebly supported in these kingdoms, after the decease of Shlrard, and the retirementof Sloane, his talents and his ®e&\ 'enabled him, as far as the influence of an individual could ■extendi to sustain and promote this science, not only with' his Wii countrymen, but with those learned foreigners who visited this kingdom. And, therefore, justice to his character and attain- ments requires us to begin with what is recorded of I his 31011th'. 'When -a -school-boy, he had a strong propensity to the study of na- tural history, and particularly to that of plants. This led him occa- ■sionallv to make excursions in a mornino- several miles from Lon- don; so that he 'became early acquainted with the Loci nut ales of the indigenous plants of the environs of London. And when oil leaving Merchant- Taylors', he was apprenticed to Mr. Richardsori, an Apothecary, he gained the honorary premium, (a handsomely bound copy of Ray's ' Synopsis,'^) which is annually given by th0 Apothecaries' Company, to such young men as exhibit a supe- riority in the knowledge of plants, in the excursions whieb«were instituted for the purpose of initialing the apprentices of the Company in a science so necessary to their profession, and which are made on the second Tuesday of every month from 'April to September, by the demonstrator of Chelsea Garden. At length, having married and set up in business for himself, his skill, activity, and unremitting diligence, in his profession, soon distinguished him among his acquaintance ; as did his taste for natural history, and * William Watson was born in 1715, in St. John's Street, near Smithfiel* His father was a reputable tradesman in that street, and died, leaving him very young. He was apprenticed to Mr. Richardson in 1730. — Pulteney's SkelcM of Botany, vol. ii. p. 296. .,, , . ,.. f Since changed for Mr, Hudson's * Flora Anglka'—Ibid. p. 100. MERCHANf-TAYkORS' SCHOOL. 1041 fek gmmai knowledge of philosophical subjects amoag the mem- bers oif tine Royal Society, of wfeieh honourable body he was ©Jested & member early in rf&e year 1741 ; his two first comrnwir Gstk>m being printed in the forty-first volume of the ■' Philosophic pal Transactions,'* This year died Oilman, the editor of Xenophon;f and.STE-A jshem Origman, formerly Fellow ,of St. John's College, Cam- bridge, on the foundation of Bishop Bee + In 1742, Holmes, President of St. John's College and Regius Professor of Modern History in the University of Oxford, was preferred to the Deanery ,of Exeter»§ But the principal events of -the year were the deaths of three Merchant-Taylors', of very dif- ferent characters and fortunes. Notwithstanding ^hurst's merit with the leaders of the * Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol.ii. p. 298. t " Johannes Gilman, apud Rutnford, Essex, nat. Apr. 1675, Merc. Sciss. 1 admiss. Jan. 1688-9, and Coll. Di. Jo. Bapt. an. 1693, cooptatus, &c. ex Infoxmato- rjbus ScholS. Merc. Sciss. inferipribus, quod quidem munus cessit 17 19, prsesentatus 26 Nov. 1719, ad Reptoriam opulen.tam de Creek. Com. Northamp. a Coll. Joan. institiitus ad init. Dec. et 23 ejusdem mensis Rector inductus : primas f iniit nuptias cum Maria White, filia White, armig. dp Fy field Com. Berks. Edidit— Se»op«»1o{ Xuug^alai AmXoym, raav\a AirQpviip.onvp.ccluy Bj/Skia A, calci CUJUSque paginal est accuratissima Joannis Leunclavii Amelburni interpretatio Latina, adjeclse sunt fipi Henrici Stephani, Joannis Leunclavii, et iEmilii Porti Notaj integral, in Usum Scholae Mercatorum Scjssorum. Land. 1720, oct. " The Nature and (Propriety of a Xtian Apology for Religion, explained and re- commended in a Sermon preached at Northampton, April 26, 1721, at the Visitatiqn of the Rev. Mr. Richard Cumberland, Archdeacon of Northampton, published at the desire of the Reverend the Clergy. London and Northampton, 1721, oct. on 1 Pet. iii. 15. " Obiit apud Creek 1741."— RawlinsorSs MSS. No. 599- % " The Rev. Stephen Grioman, DiD. lateHJurate and Lecturer of this Parish //6 (St. Botolph Bishopsgate), who departed this life the 3 1st .day pf August, 1741, aged 47." — Malcolms Londinium Redivivum^ vol. i. p. 342. § Wofld's History of Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p. 546. 6 R 1042 THE HISTORY OF opposition to Sir Robert Walpole's administration, he had been totally neglected by them, when they made their terms with the Crown. He died soon after, of a fever, at Twickenham.* His death happened on the 2?th of April.-f- And his disorder was pro- bably occasioned by the ill usage he had received. After having been the drudge of his party for the best part of twenty years together, he was as much forgotten in the famous compromise which took place between the political parties this year, as if he had never been born. The utmost he received from Mr. Pulteney was a hogshead of claret. And when he died of what is called a broken heart, he was indebted for a grave to the charity of his printer or bookseller.^ He was, no doubt, one of those impru- * Besides the pieces already mentioned, Amhorst was author of the following: — " An Epistle from the Princess Sobieski to the Chevalier de St. George. Lond. 1719, 8vo. " Strephon's Revenge, or a Satyr upon the Oxford Toasts, addressed to the Author of Merton Gardens. Lorid. 1719, 8vo. " A Letter from a Student in Grub-Street to a Rev. High Priest, and Head of a College in Oxford [Dr. Delaune}, containing an Account of a malicious Design to blacken him and several of his Friends, to which are added four scurrilous Epigrams upon one Dr. Crassus [Dr. Thompson]. Lond. 1720, 8vp. " Poems on several) Occasions, never before printed, arid dedicated to the Rev. Dr. Delaune, President of St. John's College in Oxford,— Jacta est alea. Lond. 1720, 8vo. Re-printed 1723, in which is inserted The Test of Love, addressed to R.W. Esq. Lond. 8vo. " The British General, a Poem, sacred to the Memory of his Grace John. Duke of Marlborough, inscribed to the Right Hon. William Earl of Cadogan. Lond. 1722. " The Conspiracy, inscribed to Ld Cadogan. Lond. 1723, fol." — Rawlinson's MSS. The Biographia Brilannica, Edit. 1778, makes Amhurst author of a Poem, pub- lished in 1724, called ' Oculus Britannia?,' the object of which is to satirize the learn- ing and discipline of the University of Oxford. •J* Gibber's Lives of the Poets, vol. v, p. 335. J " If the Earl of Bath had his list of pensioners, how comes it that Amhurst was forgotten? The fate of this poor man is singular. He was the able associate of Bolingbroke and Pulteney, in writing the celebrated weekly paper, called ' The- MERCHANIXTAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1043 dent and extravagant men, whose irregularities, in spite of their talents, bring them at length into general disesteem and neglect ; but this was no excuse for the conduct of his employers. They did not consider his want of purity in morals as any objection to their connection with him, when he could serve their purpose. And when, principally by his exertions, they had succeeded in esta- blishing themselves on the ruin of Walpole, they ought so far to have provided for him, as to have placed him above necessity during the remainder of his days. The ingratitude of Boling- broke and Pulteney to this ingenious man, whom they made use of as the instrument of their ambition, should furnish a lesson to men of abilities in future times, and engage them to build their happiness, not on the smiles and caresses of a party, but on the foundation of their own personal integrity, discretion, and vir- tue.* Such had been the conduct of Wheatiy, the valuable Expositor t ; of the Liturgy of the Church, who, on, the 13t,h of May, djed of a dropsy and asthma.-f- He had once been the most celebrated Craftsman. 8 His abilities were unquestionable; he bad almost as much wit, learning, and various knowledge, as his two partners ; and when those great masters chose not to appear in public themselves, he supplied their places so well, that his essays were often ascribed to them. Amhuest survived the downfal of Walpole's power, and had reason to expect a reward for his labours. If we excuse Bolingbroke, who had only saved the shipwreck of his fortune, we shall be at a loss to justify Pulteney, who could with ease have given this man a comfortable income."— Lord Chesterfield's Cha- racters Reviewed, p. 42—44. See also ' Ralph's Case of Authors by Profession or Trade, stated, p. 32. (k l /^)^&kfa>?J>'Zlr<'7£ , * Biographia Britarihica, Art. AmhursTt, [NicholasJ t " Charles Wheatiy, an English Divine, was born in London, educated Commoner, and Founder's Kin Fellow at St. John's, Oxford, 1707- On taking orders he settled in London, and was chosen Lecturer of St. Mildred in the Poultry. He was afterwards presented to the Vicarages of Brent and Femeaux Pelham id Hertford- shire. He died at the latter place 13 May 1742, and was buried there. His works are — 6 R 2 1044 THE HISTORY OP pulpit orator in the City of London, and, besides his Sermons at Lady Moyer's Lecture, had published several sound and excellent 'U , a A rational Illustration -of the Book of Common Prayer, the first edition of which was in folio, Oxford, 1710, aird the following ones in 8vo. 1720, &c. " Answer to Hoadly on the Sacrament. " Private Devotions At the Holy Communion. . " Sermons at Lady Moyer's Lecture, 8vo. (After his death appeared his Miscel- laneous Sermons in 3 vols. 8vo.) " The Lawfulness of Feasting, with the Danger of abusing it. A Sermon preached before the University of Oxford at St, Mary's, Jan. 3, 1714, published at the request of Mr. Vice-Chancellor. Oxford* 1714, 8vo. " Bidding of Prayers before Sermon no Mark of Disaffection to the present Government, or an Historical Vindication of the 55th Canon, shewing that the Form of bidding Prayers has been prescribed and enjoyhed ever since the Reformation, and constantly practised by the greatest Divines of our Church, and that it has beetl lately enforced by his present Majesty and our Right Reverend Diocesan the Lord Bishop of London, by C.W. M.A. Lecturer of St. Mildred's in the Poultry. Lond. 1718, 8vo. " The Schools of the Prophets, a Sermon pr. bef. the University of Oxford, at St. Mary's, on Act Sunday, 1720. Oxf. 1721, Oct. on Amos vii. 14, 15\ " The Credibility of Mysteries, or no Contradiction in the Doctrine of the Trinity, a Sermon preached at the Cathedral Ch. of St. Paul, before the Right Hon. the Ld Mayor, Judges, &c. Jan. 21, 1722-3, being the first Sunday in Hilary Term. Lofld. 1723, oct. on 2 Tim. iii. 16. To which is added the Athaflasiati Creed, briefly para- phrased by a learned hand. " Christian Exceptions to the plain Acc^t of the Nature and of the Sacra- ment of the Lord's Supper, with a method proposed for coming at the true apostolical sense of that Holy Sacrament. London, octavo. « Bezaliel and Aholiab, or Men's Abilities the Skill and Gifts of God, and their Professions and Trades the Ways of serving Hino, in a Sermon preached before the Gentlemen educated at the Merchant-Taylors' School, at the Parish Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, on Thursday, Dec. 7, 1727, on Wisdom vii. Vers. 1(5. London, 1728, 8vo. " The Qualifications and Blessings of a good Magistrate, a Sermon preached bef. the Right Hon. the Ld Mayor, (Sir John Thompson, Knt.) the worshipful the Ald"n, and the Citizens of London, in the Par. Ch. of St. Laurence Jewry, on Thursday, 29 Sept. 1737, being the electron of a Ld Mayor for the y"r erisuing. Londtm, I7S7» 4to. on Deut. i. 11. Dedicated to the Ld Mayor. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1045 discourses. He gave two hundred pounds towards the augmenta- tion of the two small benefices which he held.* But the greatest loss sustained bj the connections of the school at this time, was occasioned by the death of Primate Boulter, who having, on the 2d of June, embarked for England, died on the 28th of September following, after an illness of only two days, at his house in St. James's Place, to the inestimable loss of Ire- land, leaving to his successors an example scarcely imitable. His character results in some degree from what has been already related ot him. But, as some particulars, in which he was con- cerned, have as yet been passed over in silence, because the dates could not be ascertained with sufficient accuracy to adjust them to their proper places in the narrative, a brief allusion to them here cannot be thought a digression, as they tend to a clearer illustration of what he was. Finding that the ecclesiastical ap- pointments at Drogheda, a large and populous town in the Dio- cess of Armagh, were not sufficient to support two Clergymen there, and the Cure too burdensome for one effectually to dis- charge, his grace allotted, out of his own pocket, a maintenance " He likewise edited a posthumous work of the Rev. L. Milbourn's, intitled ' A Vindication of the Church of England, from the Objections of Papists and Dis- senters, fully explaining the Nature of Schism, and cautioning the Laity against the Delusions of Impostors. A Work undertaken before the Revolution by the especial Command of Archbishop Sancroft and Dr. Floyd, Bishop of Norwich : Licensed by Bishop Compton in 1692, and since enlarged and improved by the Author; particu- larly with Regard to the Schism of the Non-jurors, and Dr. Calamy's Arguments for the Ministry of Dissenters, and compleated for the Press a little before his Death, by the Rev. Mr. Luke Milbourn, late Rector of St. Ethelburgh, and Lecturer of St. Leonard, Shoreditch." — Rawlinson's MSS. * " He was admitted to the intimacy of several of his superiors by whom he was too much caressed to be preferred, and to his honour (he says it who knows it) he never frequented spiritual or temporal levees. His benefices are iu the gift of Dr. Astrey, Treasurer of the Ch. of St. Paul's, by whom the late Incumbent was pre- sented." — Ibid. 1046 THE HISTORY OF for a second Curate, whom he obliged to give publick service every Sunday in the afternoon, and prayers twice every day. He had great compassion for the poor Clergy of his Diocess, who were disabled from giving their children a proper education, and he maintained several of the sons of such in the University, in order to qualify them for future preferment. He erected four houses at Drogheda for the reception of Clergymen's widows, and purchased an estate for the endowment of them, after the model of Primate Marsh's charity ;* which model, however, he enlarged in one particular ; for, as the estate which he purchased for the maintenance of the widows, amounted to twenty-four pounds per annum more than he had set apart for that use, he appointed that the surplus should be a fund for putting out the children of such widows apprentices, or otherwise to be disposed of for the bene- fit of such children, as his trustees should think proper. He also by his will directed that four houses should be built for Clergy- men's widows at Armagh, and endowed with fifty pounds a year.f During his life he contracted for the building of a stately market- house at Armagh .J He was a benefactor also to Dr. Stevens's Hospital in the City of Dublin, erected for the maintenance and * " Primate Marsh built and endowed Alms-hotises at Droghedah for the reception 6f twelve widows of decayed Clergymen, to whom he allotted a lodging, and twenty pounds a year for a maintenance; and he appointed that the widows intitled to the provision should be such whose husbands served Cure in the Diocess of Armagh, or for want of such in the Diocess of Meath ; and if numbers did not offer to take up the charity in both these dioceses, then it was to go to the widows of Clergymen who served Cure in the Province of Armagh at large. Primate Boulter founded his charity upon the same model." — BiographiaBritannica. Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note F. t This building was finished, and the endowment made after his death. — Biographia Britannica. Art. Boulter, [Hugh] % This was afterwards finished by his executors at upwards of eight hundred pounds expense. — Ibid. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1047 cure of the poor.* His charities for augmenting small livings, and buying of glebes in Ireland, amounted to upwards of thirty thousand pounds, besides what he devised by his will for the like purposes in England. f Upon the contingency of his wife's death * " Dr. Stevens, a Physician of eminence in the City of Dublin, bequeathed by his will an estate of about six hundred pounds a year to his sister, Mrs. Grizel Stevens, during her life, and after her decease, to build and maintain an hospital for the cure of wounded and diseased poor people, who should be judged to be curable.' The lady, from a principle of charity and goodness, set about the work, and finished the best half of the shell of the house, in which she has reserved an apartment for her own habitation, where she now resides ; and she has allotted almost the whole estate for the support and maintenance of her brother's design. After the house was finished, -several; well-disposed persons became contributors towards fitting up and furnishing the wards ; and among others Primate Boulter subscribed fifty pounds, and also, at a considerable expense, furnished one of the wards for the reception of patients, and subscribed fifty pounds a year towards the charity, to continue during pleasure, which lasted during his life." — Biographia Britannica. Art. Boulter, [Hugh] NoteG. t " By his will, dated the 19th of November, 1729, he directed that, on the con- tingency of the death of his wife without issue by him, the estates specially named should be sold, and the money arising from such sale he ordered to be disposed of as follows ; namely, first, to his brother, Charles Savage, he devised one hundred pounds; to Dr. Robert Welsted one hundred pounds, or if he were dead, one hundred pounds to his eldest surviving son; and the overplus of the money arising from such sale, together with the remainder of the money he had in the stocks, he directed should be remitted to his trustees in Ireland, to be laid out in manner following; namely, that, out:of the money they returned, and the overplus of his effects undisposed in Ireland, his trustees should build four houses for the widows of such Clergymen as had been Curates at least ten years in the Diocese of Armagh ; and that an estate of fifty pounds a year should be bought by his. trustees, to be equally divided among the said four widows, after deducting for necessary repairs ; and that the said widows be no- minated by his successors, and be subject to their order and visitation. And as to What should remain of such funds, he directed it to be paid to his successors, to be employed in augmenting poor livings, and buying glebes, according to the directions of the trustees of the first fruits. And for doing the more service with such money, he ordered, that whatever purchase was made with it in tythes or land, the same should not be made over to any Incumbent absolutely, till such tythe or land should 1048 THE HISTORY OP without issue by him, he bequeathed five hundred pounds to Magdalen College in Oxford, of which he had been Fellow, to be applied towards rebuilding it ; and on tibe like contingency a thousand pounds to Christ Church in the same University, of which he had been a Commoner and afterwards Dean, to be ap- plied to the purchase of an estate for founding five exhibitions of equal value, to be distributed among five of the poorest and most deserving of the Commoners of that College, to be enjoyed by them for four years from the time of their election ; and directed that no Commoner of above three years standing should be elected into these exhibitions. He vested the election in the Dean and Canons of the House, and directed that the exhibitioners should be chosen upon a publick examination in the Hall, and recom- mended the sons of Clergymen to be, cateris paribus, considered in the first place. He also bequeathed the further sum of five hundred pounds to the last mentioned College to buy an estate, to be distributed in equal exhibitions to five servitors of the Col- lege, of whom none were to be capable of election who were of above two years standing, nor to enjoy the exhibition longer than for three years ; and he vested the right of election in the Dean and Chapter.* But, unhappily for the Society in Dublin for pro- moting English Protestant Schools in Ireland, his Grace had made his will in 1729, before the passing of their charter, and was repay half the purchase money without interest. And this he did in order to make the fund more considerable for the purposes intended. — Upon certain contingencies mentioned in his will, he appointed one thousand pounds to be disposed of by his English trustees, towards augmenting ten poor livings in England, on condition that some other person for each hundred pound so advanced should pay in one hundred pounds more, in order to obtain from the Governors of Queen Anne's bounty two hundred pounds towards the augmenting such poor livings; and he left it to his trus- tees what livings should be so augmented." — Biographia Britannica, Art. Boultek, [Hugh] Notes A. and H. * Ibid. Note B. ' merchant-Taylors' school. 1049 taken off with so short a warning, that he had not the power of altering it.* Otherwise he would undoubtedly have been a noble benefactor to a scheme, which in his life time he had so. cordially and munificently patronized .-j- fc Such are a part, and only a part, of Primate Boulter's pub- lick charities. As to his private ones, they were so secretly con- ducted, that it is impossible to give any particular account of them. In general, it may be confidently asserted, that they were very great, and suitable to his noble mind. It was affirmed by those who were in trust about him, that he never suffered' an ob- ject to leave his house unsupplied, and often sent applicants away * " Sir > Jan. 25, 1742-3. " The late Primate's legacies and benefactions are as follows :— He gave £ 750 to build a market-house in the town of Armagh, £ 100 to the Blue-coat Hospital in Dublin, £0,0 for a clock to theGhurch of St. 01ave's,.Seuthwark. He bequeathed by will, to Magdalen College, Oxford, ,£500 towards their buildings.; to Christ Church there .£1000 to buy exhibitions for five Commoners, and .£500 for five servi- tors ; to augment ten poor livings in England £ 1000, to be added to Queen Anne's boun ty ; «£200 a year for building and endowing four houses at Armagh ' for poor widows of Clergymen; to friends and relations ,£1200; to MrsJSoulfer for life £ 150 a year out of his effects in Ireland ; together with the interest of all his money in the funds in England, and the rent of his houses in Kensington and London, and the choice .of his plate and goods to the value of .£400 ; his funeral expenses not to' exceed .£300; his effects in England, consisting of his wife's fortune, and his own patrimony, and money, are computed to £ 15,000, if not £"20,000 ; his effects in Ireland to about .£30,000: the remainder of his whole fortune, after the above lega- cies and benefactions, and in reversion after the death of his wife, both in England and Ireland, to be applied as the first fruits are in Ireland,— viz. for purchasing houses, glebes, and tythes, towards the augmentation of poor livings in Ireland. I have been as particular as I can, and am Your humble servant, « To Doctor Rawlinson, JOHN KEARNEY. at London - House,, Aldersgate - Street. ' " 27 Jan. 1742-3, received from the Rev. Dr. Kearney, by me, R.R. " + Biographia Britannica, Art. Boulter, [Hugh] Note I. 6s 1050 THE. HISTORY OF, with considerable sums, according to the estimate hfy formed, of their merits and necessities. , In relation to his political, virtues,., and the arts of government, when his health would permit him, ( he was constant in his attseae dance at the Council Table, and it is well known what weighs and dignity he gave to the debates of that Board. He was manjf times one of the Inprds Justices , or Chief Governors of Ireland,; which office he administered oftener than any other Chief Gover- nor since the commencement of the English power ; in Ireland.? His deportment was. stayed and grave, his aspect veS»erafol#j and his temper meek and,, humble. He was always open and > easy of access, both to rich and poor. His learning was universal, yet more in substance than shew ; nor would his modesty permit him tomake a,ny ostentation of it. He always preserved such an equal temper of, mind that hardly any thing could ruffle it. A gentleman of great worth and integrity, who had lived fourteen years in his family as his domestick Chaplain, and who afterwards rose to, a. high station, affirmed, that in all, that time he never saw him discomposed but once, and that upon a very provoking occa* sion ; and even then he recovered his usual serenity and' good' humour in less than three minutes. He always maintained a steady resolution of serving his country, as he was wont to deno r minate Ireland, and he readily embraced whatever was proposed) for the good of it, though by persons remarkable for their oppo- sition to him. And when the most publick spirited measures were introduced by him, and did not meet with the reception they deserved, he nevertook offence at the partial proceedingsoof some few, who liked nothing that came from him, but was * The author of Boulter's life in the Biographia Britafmica, says, that the Pri- mate was ten times one of the Lords Justices ; but the Editor of his Letters affirms, that when he died he was then for the thirteenth' time in that high ofrTce'.— Advertise- ment. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1051 when which had been concealed in the tower, rushed upon their rear, and killed twenty- six. Clive, by stepping aside, escaped a stroke which had been aimed at him by one of, the horse as they passed him. He ran towards the rivulet, and having passed,, had^the good, fortune to join the Sepoys. Of the whole four and thirty, himself and three others were all that were left alive* Major Lawrence, seeing the disaster, commanded all the Europeans to advance. Clive still marched in the first division. The horse renewed their attack, but were repulsed with such slaughter that the garrison, dismayed at the sight, gave way as the English approached the breach, and flying through the. opposite gate abandoned the town to the vic- tors.* Alarmed at the success of the English, the Rajah sent them overtures of peace ; to which, on condition that a settle- ment should be made on his rival, and the Eort of Devi Cdtah, with the adjoining district, be ceded to the Company, the English readily agreed^ The war being thus concluded, Lieutenant Clive, to whose * Orme's History of Hindostan, 3d Edit. pp. 115, 116. t Biographical Dictionary by Chalmers, vol. ix. p. 483. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1071 active mind the idleness which in time of peace attends a soldier's life was intolerably irksome, returned to the civil establishment, and was admitted to the same rank as that he would have held, had he never quitted the civil for the military line. His income was now considerably increased by his appointment to the office of Commissary to the British troops; an appointment which the friendship of Major Lawrence had procured him. He had not long been settled at Madras, when a fever of the nervous kind destroyed his constitution, and operated so banefully on his spirits that the constant presence of an attendant became absolutely necessary.* As the disease however abated, his former strength was in some degree renewed; but his frame had received so rude a shock, that, during the remainder of his life, excepting when Bis mind was ardently engaged, the oppression on his spirits fre- quently returned. f In the mean time our Merchant-Taylors at home were not less ardent, and certainly much happier in the more retired walks' of philosophy and learning. Watson, in company with Dr. Mit- chell, examined the remains of the garden at Lambeth, formerly belonging to the Tradescants. They found the Arbutus, and the Gupressus Americana, with other exoticks, in a vigorous state, after haying sustained the winters of this climate for a hundred and twenty years. The situation had also afforded a proof, not often exemplified, of the large size to which the common Buck-Thorn will grow. They found one about twenty feet high, and near a foot in diameter,.]: Mores printed a new edition of Dionysius * " For this complaint, which was attended with a hard swelling at the pit of his stomach, he went to Bengal, and returned much improved by the cold weather of that climate." — Bibgraphia Britannica, Art. Clive, [Robert] f Biographical Dictionary by Chalmers,' vol. ix. p. 483. J " The reader may see a curious account of the remains of this garden drawn up in the year 1749, by the late Sir William Watson, arid printed in the 46th volume (p. 160) of the Philosophical Transactions. Prefixed to this volume were the prints 1072 THE HISTORY OF Halicarnassensis ' de claris Rhetoribtts,' in octavo, with vignettes engraved by Green.* Nor did the learned Alexander Stop- k' ford Catcott, formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, and Head-master of the publick School at Bristol,-)- intermit his attention to Hebrew literature, till death removed him one stage nearer to that more perfect state, in which the pious enquirer after theological truth will receive every satisfaction he can desire. yjdi On the 5th of February, 1750, Berriman4 Fellow of Eton of (the Tradescants) both father and son ; which, from the circumstance of befng engnaved by Hollar, has rendered the book well known to the Collectors of Prints, by whom most of the copies have been plundered of the impressions." — Puiten&ft. Sketches of Botany, vol. i. p. 178, and vol. ii. p. 301. * A few copies of this edition (a preface being added) were published after MoKEs'a death. f He published the ' Poems of Musseus on the Loves of Hero and Leander para- phrased into English Heroick Verse/ Oxon, 1715, 8vo. and the 'Court of Love,* a Vision from Chaucer, Oxford, 1717, oct. He took orders in 1720, and after his death a poetical Translation of the 104th Psalm, appeared in the Theological Maga- zine for June, 1750. % He published— " The Ld Bishop of London's Letter to his Clergy defended, wherein the constant worship of Son and Holy Spirit with the Father, during the first ages is sett forth, and the Antiquity of the Doxologies used by the Church of England, assorted by a Believer. Lond. 171Q, 8vo. " The Security of the Church under the Protection of Divine Providence, a Ser- mon preached at the Cathedral Church of St. Paul before the Right Honourable Sir Wm. Stewart Ld Mayor, the Aldermen, and Citizens of London, on Sunday, Novem- ber 5, 1721, oct. on Num. xxiii. 23. " The great Blessing of Redemption from Captivity, a Sermon preached at the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, Decern. 4, 1721, before the Captives redeemed by the late Treaty with the Emperour of Morocco, on Psalm cii. \Q, 20, 21. Lond. 1722, 8vo. published by Bp Robinson's command. " The relative Duties of the Clergy and People, a Sermon preached in the Parish Church of St. Andrew Undershaft, Ap. 29, 1722, being the Sunday next after Induc- tion, printed at the request of the Parishioners. Lond. 1 722, octavo, on Malachi ii. 7. " The Brutishnegs of despising Religion, and the Treatment due to it, a. Sermon. merchant-Taylors' school. 1073 College, died at his house in London, in the 62d year of his age ; and on the 10th of that month he was buried, and his funeral preached before the University of Oxford at St. Mary's, on Act Sunday, July 8, 1722, on Matt. vii. 6. Oxford, 1722, 8vo. '* The Authority of the civil Powers in Matters of Religion asserted and vindicated, a Sermon preached before the Right Hon. the Ld Mayor, the Court of Aldermen, and the Liveries of the several Companies pf London, in the Parish Church of St. Lawrence Jewry, on Saturday, Sept. 29, 1722, being the clay for the election of a Lord Mayor for the Year ensuing, on Job, xxxi. 28. London, 1722, 8vo. " A Historical Account of the Controversies that have been in the Church con- cerning the Doctrine of the Holy and ever blessed Trinity, in Eight Sermons, preached at the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, London, in the Years 1723 and 1724, at the Lecture founded by the worthy Lady Moyer deceased. Lond. 1725, 8vo. " A Defence of some Passages in the Historical Account of the Trinitarian Con- troversy against the Exceptions made in two Pamphlets, the one entitled A True Nar- rative of the Controversy concerning the Doctrine of the Trinity, being a J&eply, fyc. The other entitled An Enquiry into the Miracle said to Jiave been wrought in the fifth Century, upon some orthodox Christians in Confirmation of the Doctrine of the Trinity. " Human learning recommended from the Example of Moses, a Sermon preached before the Gentlemen educated at Merchant-Taylors' School, at St. Mary-le-bow, Decern. 1, 1726. " The Obligation and Proportion of Charity, a Sermon preached before the Right Honourable the Ld Mayor, the Aldermen, and Governours of the several Hospitals k~ of the City of London, at the Parish Church of St. Bridget, on Wednesday in Easter Week, ApriH^1730. London, 1730. " The regard had by Providence to prosperous Iniquities, a Sermon preached be- fore the Right Hon. the Ld Mayor (John Barber, Esq.) the Aldermen, and Liveries of the several Companies of London, at the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, on Tues- day, Jan. .30, 1732-3, being the Anniversary Fast for the Martyrdom of K. Charles the first. London, 1733, oct. on " Some brief Remarks on Mr. Chandler's Introduction to the History of the Inqui- sition, so far as it relates to the Cause of Arianism and the two first general Councils, in which his gross misrepresentations of facts are detected and exposed, together with a short Reply to his Calumnies ag l Archbishop Laud. Lond. 1733, oct. To this Mr. Sam. Chandler soon after published what he called an Answer. Lond. 1733, oct. And a little controversy ensued. " The gradual Revelation of the Gospel from the Time of Man's Apostacy sett forth and explained in twenty-four Sermons, preached in the Parish Church of St. 6x 1074 THE HISTORY OF Sermon preached by the Rev. Glocester Ridley, who gave a great but deserved character of him, both as a Minister of his Parish and as a private Christian.* That sound faith which influenced Mary-le-Bow, at the Lecture founded by the Hon b,e Robert Boyle, Esq. in the Years- 1730, 1731, 1732. To which is added a Sermon concerning the Duty ©f Shunning the Conversation of Infidels and Hereticks, with a Preface in Answer to the Author of the Letter to Dr. Waterland, also to Mr. Chaundler's Second Letter- to Dr. Berei- man. Lond. 1733, oct. 2 vols. " A Sermon preached before the Hon ble the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America, and the Associates of the late Rev. Dr. Bray, at their Anniver- sary Meeting, March 15, 1738-9* at the Parish Church of St. Bridget, alias St. Bride, published at the desire of the Trustees. Lond. 1739, 4to. on Deut. xxvi. 9, 10. " A Sermon preached to the Religious Societies in and about London, at their Quarterly Meeting in the Parish Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, on Wednesday, March 21, 1738-9, with a View to stop the Growth, of some modern Irregularities, published, at the request of the Trustees for the said Societies. Lond. 1739, 4to. on St. Mark. ix. 50. " Youth the proper Season of Discipline, a Sermon preached before the Society corresponding with the Incorporated Society in Dublin for promoting English Pro- testant Working Schools in Ireland, at their Anniversary Meeting, in the Parish Church of St. Mary-le-bow, on Tuesday, March 23, 1741-2. Lond. 1742, 4to. on Lament, iii. vers. 27. " Concio ad Clerum Londinensem habita in Ecclesia. parochiali Sancti Elphegi; juxta Collegium Sionense V. Id. Maii, Anno D~ni, 1742. Lond. 1742, 4to." — Raw~ Unson's MSS-. No. 795. In the year of his decease, fortv of his Sermons w,ere published, in two volumes- 8vo. by his brother John Berriman, M.A. Rector ^PSt. Alban s Wood-Street, under, the Title of ' Christian Doctrine and Duties explained and recommended.' In 1763,. nineteen Sermons appeared in one volume under the same title. The practical dis- courses are grave, weighty, and useful ;. and well fitted to promote pious and virtuous dispositions. Nor is there any modern writer who treats of the power, rights, and^ dignity of the Priesthood, with such a complete knowledge of those greatly disputed; subjects. * " He died at his house next St. Mary Axe Church, of the liaea Passio, and a» 5 Feb. and buried Saturday, the l©th of the same month, in a grave made for his neice, who died about two months before. His pall was supported by Dr. Cobden, Dr. Bristow, Dr. Hay, Dr. Stebbing, Dr. Best, and Dr. More. The whole evening service was read,, the musick of Q. Caroline's funeral anthem played on merchant-Taylors' school. 1075 bis actions he religiously endeavoured to communicate to others : and the pains he had taken to confirm himself in the faith pure and unmixed, was equalled by the fatherly Care which he took to recommend it in the same purity and with the best effect. He read the prayers of the Church with such a serious and unaffected piety, as improved the devotion which he found in some, and kindled it where he found it not. His sermons were well weighed judicious discourses, aiming to strengthen the faith and better the lives of his hearers, thereby to procure them both tem- poral and eternal happiness. They were the effects of labour and study, without the appearance of it ; not the crude enlargements of zeal without knowledge, but the fruit of great learning and industry. Nor were they more carefully composed than happily delivered. He had so engaging an articulation that attention never flagged when he spoke, and the ready ear was pleased in conveying his lessons to the heart. Nor was he less careful to provide milk for babes, than strong meat for those of full age ; diligently catechising the children of his parish during Lent, and familiarly expounding the Catechism to them. In solving doubts and directing consciences, he showed his skill in Casuistry ; a science of which he made himself master, notwithstanding the too general neglect in our congregations to afford opportunities of exercising it. In administering the Sacraments, he was punctual and exact j in Baptism, not mixing the water of grace with the cups of intem- perance, or blending a Christian Sacrament with Bacchanalian rites by what are called home Christenings ; but making the Church the place of ingrafting into the congregation:, and the hours of prayer the customary seasons of it; that it might be done in the the organ, and an excellent Sermon preached on the occasion by the Rev. Gloster Ridley, LL.B. Minister of Poplar, afterwards printed and published 27 Feb. J 749-50." -Rawlinson's MSS. No. TO5 .^^*«^**^/ *j H l '^/Z 6x2 1076 THE HISTOOIY OF presence of more witnesses, who might at least have those oppor- tunities of hearing those vows and promises which themselves had made : in the Lord's Supper so constant in officiating himself, that in the Summer, when he generally resided at Eton,, he jour- neyed every month to be at the stated celebrations, of it, to. com- municate with his parishioners in those pledges of love; and that by partaking with them of that one bread, he might with them become one body in Christ. In short, his assiduous labours and exemplary life could not fail of recommending Religion in the clearest light and most affecting mannep. In his family he was a pattern of conjugal affection, a chearful, tender, inseparable companion : to. his servants an excellent mas- ter, who forgot not half his duty, but was, careful of their souls as well as of their bodies, by family devotion, order, and instruc- tion. It pleased not God to, bless him with children in. the course of nature, but he raised' others to himself by. adoption. And how true a father he was to them, his pleasures and his griefs declared-. When he saw the happy fruit of his pious care in their education, the overflowings of his heart were visible ; rejoicing* like the great Father of the world, when from a survey of His creation He saw that it was good ; a joy which fathers only in like happy circumstances can feel. In proportion to such joy, were his sorrows, when it pleased God to deprive him of one of these comforts: and if the loss made deeper impressions, than was ex* pected in one, whose affections were so suhdued to the will of God, it proved at least that in him adoption was as strong as nature. But having corrected his griefs, and. religiously submitted to the divine appointment, it pleased God to give him rest from his trou- ble, that the niece whom he mourned as an adopted daughter lost,, he might find again, and rejoice with as a Saint. In general, he had affability without meanness, dignity without pride, learning without pedantry, zeal without blindness, and piety without hypocrisy. The mark at which he steadily aimed' MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1077 was Heaven ; yet he was studious to serve and entertain his fellow- travellers in their passage. His conversation was guarded and correct, yet occasionally enlivened with great wit and vivacity ; not polluted with the froth and filthiness of fashionable mirth, but seasoned with the quick- ness of Attic salt. His charity was effusive ; not the rash scattering of weakness, and undiscriminating good nature, but the judicious sowing of Christian beneficence largely poured forth from a principle of obedience to God, and love to mankind ; increased by great pru- dence and economy, for the express purpose, that he might have to give to him that needed his assistance, and directed to proper objects, lest he should give his goods to feed the poor without charity: and withal so secret that scarcely did his left hand know what his right hand gave ; yet occasionally so large r that it extended, at one time, early in life, to more .than even half his substance. , r>' His election into the College at Eton was , a benefit and orna- ment to that Society. He was a faithful steward in their secular affairs, was strictly observant of their local statutes,, and laboured that others should be the same. He observed with concern one h&'i u'i-hip which, the more the school flourished, the more frequently happened. This was when the care of the masters, and the pro- ficiency of the scholars produced a more plentiful harvest than the- vacancies of the College could receive ; so that many promising youths were disappointed of that success which they had toiled for and deserved. Berriman,, who was of too compassionate a. temper, not to feel their distress, made by his last will, a con- siderable provision towards a remedy ; thus, supplying from. his. private urn, when the streams of royal bounty fail', a source o£ comfort and support to the indigent children of genius.* 'i<^ ■ - OLf .'■'■>'/■ . ■ ■■'.'fj'i .,,[> ( :■.!, * Funeral Sermon t>y the Rev. .Gldcestef Ridley,. . ' i..;M ;; > 1078 THE HISTORY OF Passing, however*, from the Divine to the Philosopher, it is to be remembered that, in March, Watson conducted some experi- ments, with so much sagacity and address, relating to the im- practicability of transmitting odours, &c. through glass, and of producing what is called " Beatification," or a " Glory round the head," boasted to have been done by some philosophers on the Continent, — that he procured at length an acknowledgment from Mr. Bose, of what he affected to call " an embellishment" in conducting the experiments, a procedure totally incompatible with the true spirit of a philosophers* On the 26th of April, William Cockayne, Fellow of St John's, was admitted Junior Proctor of the University of Oxford .f And, shortly after^ Isaac Schomberg,:]; a foreigner by birth, but educated at Merchant-Taylors', was, by virtue of a royal mandate, directed to the University of Cambridge, created Doc- .tor of Physick. Supported by his academical degree, with which he was not a little elated, Schomberg demanded his admittance into the College of Physicians, not as a Licentiate but as one of the body. This demand, urged perhaps with some haughtiness towards the officers of the College,^ was refused to be complied with, and it was objected, reasonably enough, that the Doctor, * Pultenej's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 314. f Wood's Fasti by Gutch, p. 170. J " Dr. Isaac Schomberg was son of Dr. Meyer Schomberg, a native of Co- logne, a Jew, and as it was said, Librarian to some person of distinction abroad, which occupation he left, and came and settled in London, where he professed him- self to be a Physician ; and by art and address obtained a lucrative situation amidst the faculty. In the year 1740, he : had outstripped ' all the city physicians, and was in the annual receipt of four thousand pounds. This his son was born abroad, and at the age of two or three years' was brought %o England, where he received a liberal education, and afterwards was sent to study, we believe, at Leyden, from whence he returned to London, and soon after, as his father hadbefore him^ became embroiled with the College of Physicians." — European Magazine, vol. xliii. p. 164. § Maitland's Hkldryjpf: Londoni-vpliL i pp, 930, 931. MERCHANT-TAYLORS 3 SCHOOL. 1079 having been born abroad, could not, though naturalized, hold the office of Censor of the College, which was an office of trust ; and this refusal brought the determination of the business to the decision of the Lawyers. A petition was presented to the King, praying him, in the person of the Lord Chancellor, to exercise his visitatorial power over the College, and restore the Licentiates- to their rights, of which it was alleged, they had, for a succession of ages, been deprived by the arbitrary proceedings of the Pre- sident and Fellows. This petition came on to be heard at Lin- coln's Inn Hall, before the Lord Chief Justice Willesy Baron Smyth, and Judge Wilmot, Lords Commissioner& of the Great Seal : but the allegations contained therein not being established, the same was dismissed. And thus ended the most formidable attack which the College ever sustained.* However, from this period Schomberg took his station in the medical profession with credit and approbation, though, from the enemies he had raised during this imprudent contest, without the success which inferior talents sometimes experienced. In 1751, Watson paid the same tribute to the memory of Dr. Compton, Bishop of London, as he had done to that of the Tradescants ; and gave a list of thirty-three exotick trees which were then remaining in the garden at Fulhan*. From this cata- logue may be inferred not only the original splendour of the garden, and the zeal and taste the Bishop shewed in the cultiva- tion of such numerous curiosities, but the facility with which trees of very different latitudes may become naturalized in Eng- land.-^ * " In this dispute Dr. Schomberg was supposed to have employed his pen against his adversaries with considerable effect. It is certain he was well supported by his friends j one of whom, Moses Mendez, Esq. exposed his opponents to ridicule in a performance, entitled ' The Balliad,' since re-printed in Dilly's Repository."— Euro- pean Magazine, vol. xliii. p. 164. t See Philosophical Transactions,, vol. xlvii. p. 241— 247.— In the same volume; 1080 THE HISTORY OF In the course of the year, Arnold King,* formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, and at this time Rector of St. Mi- chael's, Cornhill, preached before the Sons of the Clergy. George HAY,f formerly Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, was made Chancellor of r Worcester by Bishop Maddox, to whom he was Secretary. Nor is it to be forgotten, that at a late elec- tion of a Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, three of the six candidates were Merchant-Taylors, William Roman, Wil- liam Cokayne, and William Macham; the first of whom was chosen.;]: The cessation of hostilities between the English and the French had given to the latter an opportunity of executing the important were laid before the publick some very curious and interesting particulars relating to the sexes of plants, 8tc. — Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 301 — 303. * " Arnold King, son of born at on 29 Aug. 1712, admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School 11 Feb. 1722, elected thence to St. John's College Probationer Fellow, entered upon the Civil Law line and took the degree of LL.B. 29 April 1737, took Deacon's orders at from the Bp of on , Priest's at from Bishop of became one of the Chaplains to Sir Wm. Calvert, Knt. Ld Mayor of London, 1748."— Raw- Unson'sMSS. No. 1318.*^>*'"H?7 1 Elect. Minist. Collegii de Dulwich Com. Surr. vocat. God's Gift 2 Aug. 1733. f " Filiifs Johannis, S. Stephani Coleman-St. Ministri, Secretarius Maddox Epo Vigorniensi et ex Candidatis pro Juris civilis Lectura Collegio Gresham- ensi, quam frustra queesivit, 1744." — Rawlinson's MSS. % " Last Tuesday was held a Gresham Committee at Mercers' Hall, on the City side only, for the choice of a Professor of Geometry in the room of the learned and I .^'worthy George Newland, LL.D. and Member of Parliament for Gatton in Surrey, lately deceased. The candidates were the Rev. Mr. Willjam Roman, LL.B. the Rev. Wm. Cokayne, M.A. and Mr. Wm. Macham, LL.B. of St. John's; and the Rev. Mr. John Parfect, MA. of Oriel College, Oxford : the Rev. Mr. Wm. Ludlam, B.D. of St. John's, and the Rev. Mr. John Cornthwaite, M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge; and being reduced to two, the numbers stood thus: — For the Rev. Mr. Roman, - 8. Rev. Mr. Ludlam, - 3. , "" Upon which Mr, Roman was declared duly elected."— Rawlinson's Hist. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1081 projects they had formed ; which Nought the affairs of the Com- pany into such" a state as to induce Clive to resume the military character.* Being- then at St. David's, and having obtained a Captain's commission,^ he undertook to conduct a detachment sent to the relief of a fort of the Nabob's, which at that time was closely besieged by a neighbouring Chieftain, the ally of. his rival Chundasaheb. Led on by him, the English broke through the Chieftain's troops in the night, and entered the fort amid the applause of the garrison. No sooner had he seen them safe, than he attempted to return, accompanied by his servants, and a guard of twelve Seapoys. Captain Clive resolved to force his way, and the attempt succeeded ; but seven of the Seapoys, and seve^ ral of his servants, fell by the sabres of the enemy. In the mean time, the important town of Tritchinopoly, the only remaining hope of Mahomed-Alli-Khan, and the only obstacle to the full accomplishment of Dupleix and Chundasaheb's power, was in- vested by a numerous army. Sensible of the urgency of the dan- ger, Clive proposed to attack the City of Arcot, the Capital of the Province, as the only means of saving Tritchinopoly. His advice prevailed ;J for, in times of danger and distress, pride and envy naturally subside, and superior minds obtain their just ascendancy. But such was the exhausted state of the Company's affairs, that two hundred Europeans, and three hundred Seapoys were all that the united strength of St. David's and Madras were able to supply. The first intelligence, which the garrison received of their approaching danger was given them by some horsemen, who reported that they had seen the British army marching, with * Biographical Dictionary by Chalmers, vol. ix. p. 483. f The authors of the~ Modern History, vol. x. p. 191, say that Mr. Clive was " then Purveyor of .the army." % " Mr. Clive having offered his service as a volunteer, he embarked on the 22d of August for Fort St. George." — Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xxi. p. 495. 6 Y 1082 THE HISTORY OF great unconcern, through a tremendous storm of lightning and thunder. Panick struck with an account which impressed their superstitious minds with more than usual dread, they surrendered the town and its adjoining fort without the least resistance.* Captain Clive immediately issued a proclamation, giving to all who chose to quit the fort, full liberty to take with them what- ever they possessed, excepting provisions and military stores ; and declaring that for these the utmost value should be paid. A con- duct so generous, and so very unusual in the wars of Hindostan, engaged the affections of the people ; and in the siege which soon afterwards ensued, enabled him by their means to procure the most certain intelligence of the enemy's designs. -f The news that the Fort of Arcot was in the possession of the English, produced the effect, which Captain Clive foresaw ; for Chundasaheb despatched his son at the head of a numerous army, the engineers of which were French, to retake the place. The fort was more than a mile in circumference ; the works were in a ruinous condition ; and the whole garrison fell short of five hun- dred men : but their greatest distress arose from the small number of their cannon, which determined Clive to storm a battery of the enemy's, and bring away the guns. The first part of the attempt succeeded; for, notwithstanding the efforts of the French, the battery was seized by the detachment, which he himself com- manded ; but the miscarriage of a second party that was to have co-operated with him, rendered it impossible to bring the guns, away.ij: In this attempt fifteen of his Europeans fell, and among them Lieutenant Trenwith. This brave officer, observing a Seapoy at a window taking aim at Clive, pulled him on one side; on whicfe * Orme's History of Hindostan, 3d Edit. p. 183. + Biographia Britannica, Art, Clive, [Robert] t Ibid. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1083 the Seapoy changed his mark, and shot the Lieutenant dead. The place was now completely invested ; and the enemy's guns were so admirably served by the Engineers Dupleix had sent, that the number of the besieged was soon exceedingly reduced. Three Serjeants, who at different times singly accompanied Cap- tain Clive in visiting the works, were killed close by his side; and at length the defences of the fort were so much injured, that two breaches were made, one of which was thirty yards in extent. Intelligence was now received that the next morning at day-break the enemy were resolved to storm the fort, and an account was also brought of all their dispositions. Chundasaheb's troops, intoxi- cated with opium, and therefore insensible to danger, crowded to the breaches, where the garrison were so prepared to receive them, that they encountered certain death. Disheartened by the great- ness of the slaughter, and alarmed with a report that six thousand Mahrattas were approaching, the enemy.raised the siege,, after it had continued seven weeks, and had reduced the number of the garrison who were fit for service, to eighty Europeans and a hun- dred and twenty Seapoys.* Having received a reinforcement, Captain Clive left a garrison in the fort, and took the field with two hundred Europeans, seven hundred Seapoys, and a thou-f t * " Although the siege was under the direction of the French, it was more than a fortnight before they could effect a breach. About that time, indeed, two very con- siderable ones were made; but such was the diligence of Mr. Clive in repairing them, that, before the enemy could prepare for storming, they were filled up, and as strong as any part of the walls. At length, on the 14th of October, at three in the morning, they attacked both breaches, and one of the gates, which they attempted to force open with elephants; but Mr. Clive, having received intelligence when the assault was intended, had so well prepared far it with masked batteries, that he re- pulsed the besiegers in every quarter, with great slaughter, not twenty men returning alive from the breaches, and obliged them to raise the siege with the utmost precipi- tation. Such were the first glimmerings of that greatness of soul, which a few years afterwards burst forth in the full blaze of glory."— Modern, History, vol.x. pp. 191, 192. 6 y 2 1084 THE HISTORY OF sand Mahratta horse, part of a detachment which Mahomed -Alli- Khan had purchased to support his now reviving cause. With these troops the Captain marched against the enemies army, con- sisting of three hundred Europeans, two thousand five hundred Seapoys, and two thousand horse, which Dupleix and Chunda- saheb had sent against him, and coming up with them on the plains of Arami, gave them a total defeat on the Sd of December; and before the end of the campaign, he had made himself master of several forts belonging to the enemy.* Among Watson's botanical labours in 1752,-f- it must not be for- gotten, that he was the first who communicated to the English rea- der an account of a revolution which was about to take place among the learned, in Botany and Zoology, respecting the removal of a large body of marine productions, which had hitherto been ranked among vegetables ; but which were now proved to be of animal origin, and stand under the name of Zoophytes in the present system of nature. It may be easily seen that this respects the Corals, Corallines, Escharee, Madrepores, Sponges, &c. ; and, although even Gesner, Imperatus, and Rumphius, had some ob- scure ideas relating to the dubious structure of this class, yet the full discovery that these substances were the fabrications of Po- lypes was owing to M. Peysonnel, Physician at Guadaloupe. This gentleman had imbibed this opinion first, in 1723, at Mar- seilles, and confirmed it, in 1725, on the coast of Barbary. While in .Guadaloupe, he wrote a volume of four hundred pages, * Biographia Britanniea, Art. Clive, [Robert] and TintlaTs Continuation of Rapin, vol. xxi. p. 495. t " In the year 1752, Mr. Watson laid before the Royal Society two rare Eng- lish plants; the Lathraa Squamaria, and the Dentaria bulbifera: the latter unnoticed both by Mr. Ray and Dillenius. These were discovered by Mr. Blackstone, near Harefield. He also describes in this volume (Phil. Trans, xlvii.) that singular vege- table production called Moor Balls, the Conferva JEgrapsepila of Linnaeus." — Pultenef& Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 304. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1085 in quarto, in proof of this subject, which he transmitted in ma- nuscript to the Royal Society of London. This treatise, in which the author seemed to have put the matter out of doubt, as to the animal origin of these bodies, was translated, analyzed, and abridged by Watson, and published in the Philosophical Trans- actions,* at a time when the learned were wavering in their opi- nions on this matter. M. Trembly's Investigation respecting the Fresh Water Polypes had paved the way for the reception of Pey- sonnel's truths ; and Watson himself, in company with Trembly, had an opportunity on the coast of Sussex, when on a visit at the Duke of Richmond's, in one of those annual excursions which for many years he seldom failed to make in the Summer season, of verifying M. Peysonnel's system, in viewing the Polypes of the Corallines.-f- These talents, it may be easily imagined, rendered him a welcome visitor to Sir Hans Sloane in his retirement at Chelsea. In fact, he enjoyed no small share of the favour and esteem of that veteran in science ; and was honoured so far as to be nominated one of the Trustees of the British Museum by Sir Hans himself.J Mores was elected a member of the Society of Antiquaries, and printed in half a sheqt quarto some corrections made by Junius in his own copy of his edition of Caedmon's Saxon Para- phrase on Genesis and other parts of the Old Testament : shortly after which the Society appointed him on a Committee for select- ing papers proper for publication. He was intended for orders by his father, but the partiality he had acquired for Antiquarian Researches took him off from the study of divinity. Before this time he had formed considerable collections relative to the anti- quities of Oxford, and particularly to those of his own College, * Vol. xlvii. p. 445—469- f Pulten'ey's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 304—307. J Sir Hans Sloane died 11 Jan. 1753.~Ibid. p. 310. 1086 THE HISTOEY OF the Archives of which he arranged, and made large extracts from, with a view to the history of it.* Soon after this, several discontents, which had been secretly cherished in the court of the Dowager Princess of Wales, amongst those to whom the education of the Prince had been committed, began to break out; and the Earl of Harcourt, who had been appointed Governor to his Royal Highness, with Hayter, Bishop of Norwich, who was his preceptor, resigned their places. Upon which the Earl of Waldegrave was appointed his Governour, and Thomas, Bishop of Lincoln, his Preceptor.-f- It is now time to direct our attention to India ; where, early in the year,! Captain Clive took the field with three hundred and eighty Europeans, two thousand Seapoys, and two thousand five hundred horse ; and, finding that the enemy intended an attack on Arcot, hastened to its relief. The enemy, who had in- telligence of his motions, had formed a plan to surprise him on his march ; and, having with them a numerous party of French, had taken their measures with so much judgment, that, before he suspected an attack, the fire of nine pieces of cannon, at the dis- tance of two hundred and fifty-yards on his right, was poured upon his men.§ The extremity of danger increased the activity, * " He had three plates of the Black Prince's apartments there, since pulled down, drawn and engraved by that very ingenious artist, B. Green. 28 drawings by the same hand at his expense of ancient gates, halls, &c. since ruined or taken down, are now in the possession of Mr. Gough, as also some collections for a History of Godstow Nunnery by Mr. Mores, for which a plate of its ruins was engraved, and another of Iffley Church, Oxfordshire." — Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer, p. 131. f Tindal's Continuation of Rapin, vol. xxi. p. 455. % " Mr. Clive had not resided above a month at the fort, when fresh incursions of the enemy called him again into the field." — Modern History, vol. x. p. 192. § " Mr. Clive immediately advanced within push of bayonet, ordering his troops to reserve their fire, and soon drove them within their entrenchment; but it being now dark, and his troops raw and undisciplined, the victory remained for a time MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 108/ but never disturbed the composure of his mind. The battle hung in suspense till evening, when a detachment of his troops attacked the enemy in the rear, and having made themselves masters of their cannon, a general defeat ensued. Arcot, the capital of the province, being now in safety, the brave and fortunate Clive received orders to conduct his forces to St. David's, where they arrived on the 11th of March, it being resolved to send them to the relief of Tritchinopoly. Before their departure from St. David's, Major Lawrence arrived from Eng- land, and, as superior officer, took upon him the command of all the troops which were destined for this service, and which con- sisted of four hundred Europeans and eleven hundred Seapoys. When they arrived within sight of the town, the enemy, whose detachments had attempted, without success, to intercept them on their march, determined to give them battle. Clive,. at his own request, took possession of a large stone building which stood on the plain between the two armies* and which the French, intent on forming their line, had happily neglected. This move- ment decided the fortune of the day : for, as the French were exposed to the fire from the guns>, while his troops were protected from theirs, they soon gave ground, and the horse in Chundasa- heb's service, dismayed by the loss of their commander, Allum Khan, whose head was- taken off by a cannon ball, fled with great precipitation. The siege of Tritchinopoly being raised, the army was divided into two bodies, and Clive, though the junior Captain, was appointed to the command of one ; for the Mah- rattas, and the rest of the Indian Allies of Mahomed-Alli-Khan, declared their resolution to follow no other leader. Major Law- rence's corps remained on the south of the River Caveri, while doubtful. At length Mr. Clive sending a detachment round to fall on the rear of their battery, the design succeeded happily, as it was executed with cdurage and planned with prudence." — Modern History; vol. x. pj 193'. 1088 THE HISTORY OF Captain Clive proceeded a day's march to the northward, and encamped a few miles beyond the banks of the Coleroon. Soon after the separation, he received intelligence that a large rein- forcement, under the conduct of D'Autreuil, had been sent from Pondicherry by Dupleix, to the relief of the French troops on the Coleroon, who were commanded by Mr. Law. This detachment Clive resolved to intercept; but finding that D'Autreuil had re- tired on his approach, he returned again to his camp. In the mean time Mr. Law, who had received an account of his depar- ture, but had not heard of his return, had sent a party of seven hundred Seapoys and eighty Europeans, forty of whom were deserters from the English, to storm the camp, which he imagined they would find very weakly defended. The advanced guard, deceived by the language of the deserters, and by the darkness of the night, supposed them a detachment of Major Lawrence's troops, and allowed them to pass without molestation or enquiry. In this manner they marched on to the centre of the camp* where, being challenged by the centinels, they instantly gave their fire. Clive, starting from his sleep, imagined the fire had proceeded from his own troops, who for some unknown reason had taken the alarm. With this idea impressed upon his mind, he ran to the quarters of the English, and found them under arms, in consequence of the fire, but as ignorant as himself of the cause. He proceeded with them to that part of the camp where they heard the alarm, and finding a body of Seapoys firing at random towards the enemy's encampment, he concluded as before that they were his own men, and ordering the Europeans to halt, proceeded towards the Seapoys, to enquire the reason of their conduct. One of the first he accosted, knowing from his lan- guage that he was an Englishman, wounded him in two places, and then ran towards a Pagoda, or Indian Temple, which stood in the camp, and of which the French were masters. Captain Clive, still mistaking the Seapoy for one of his own troops, and MERC H4NT-T A VWEj' SCHOOL. 1089 imaged at his insolence, followed him to the gate of the Pagoda, where, t^ his great surprise* he was challenged by six Frenchmen. This circumstance instantaneously suggested to his mind all that had passed. He told them, with a calmness, which gained belief, that he was come to offer them their lives, on condition of their instantly laying down their arms ; a proposal which he imagined they would gladly accept, as they would see that the Pagoda was surrounded by his troops. Three of the Frenchmen returned to consult their companions, while the other three accompanied him as his prisoners. He then hastened to the Europeans, with an intention to attack the Seaipoys ; but they, alarmed at their situ- ation, had marched away unmolested by the English, who ima- gined that they had left their ground in obedience to Captain Olive's commands. Having taken such measures as must effect tually prevent the escape ©f the French from the Pagoda, Cap- tain Clive, at the dawn of day, went down in person to parley with them. Being weary with fatigue, and weak with the^loss of blood, he leaned for support on the shoulders of two Serjeants, when one of the deserters, who knew him, fired at him as he stood at the gateway, and killed the two 'Serjeants who supported him.* The French, fearful that such an outrage, if counte- nanced by ithem, would exclude them from the ;bc>pe of quarter, threw down their arms and surrendered. The seven hundred Sea- pays, with an appearance of better fortune, had left the camp, but the Mahrattas being ordered to pursue them, executed their commission with suet eiFectual slaughter, that, before noon, not a * "As ;i,t may, perhaps, be difficult to conceive how one shot should destroy ( his two supporters, and leave him unhurt, Mr. Archdeacon, Clive mentioned this difficulty to Lord Clive, who answered that the two .men on whqse , shoulders he leaned were shorter than himself, .and were both of them in the line of the shot, his own body, being so much behind as.tp be put ef the line. "^rBiographia Britannica. Art. Clive, [Robert] 6z 1090 THE HISTORY OF single man of the whole seven hundred was left alive. On return- ing to his quarters, Captain Clive discovered that the fire of the Seapoys, when they were first challenged in the centre of the camp, had shattered a box which was under his feet, and killed a servant who was sleeping by his side.* The enemy, weakened by their loss, were driven from two of their posts; and soon after- wards D'Autreuil, and his whole detachment, were taken prison- ers. -f- This, rapid succession of misfortunes entirely disheartened Chundasaheb's Indian troops, and produced so great a defection, that two thousand of his horse, and fifteen hundred of his Sear- poys, deserted to Captain Clive ; and so many thousand Others returned to their different homes, that the troops which remained with him, exclusively of the Trench battalion, amounted only to three thousand foot and two thousand horse.J Shortly after thisji the whole French battalion capitulated, and * Onne's History of Hindostan, p. 222—2 + " After Mr. Clive had made a prodigious slaughter, humanity supplanted in his breast every other passion, and he sent the conquered a flag of truce, which they joyfully accepting, a capitulation was signed,: the terms of which were that D'Au- treuil and three other officers should remain prisoners on parole for one year ; that the rest of the garrison should be prisoners till they were exchanged; and that the money and stores should belong to the Nabob in the English alliance." — Modern History, vol. x. p. 394. :.. % " Thus abandoned,, the unfortunate old man, with the concurrence of Mr. Law, the commanding officer of the French, threw himself on the mercy of the chief of the Tanjorines, who was then in Major Lawrence's Camp, and who had solemnly sworn to convey him in safety to the French settlement at Karical. No sooner was Chundasaheb in his power than the faithless Tanjorine acquainted Mahomed-Alli- Khan with the news, who immediately insisted that the prisoner should be given up to him. The Mahrattas, and the Regent of Mysore, made the same demand, each insisting on his preferable right ; till, at length, the Tanjorine, wearied with their im- portunity, alarmed at their threats, and enraged to be disappointed of the vast advan- tage he expected from his perfidy, ordered one of his servants, a remorseless Aftghah, whom he kept for such purposes, to despatch the unhappy ipi'isonei.'^Biographia Britannica. Art. Clive, [Robert] MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1091 were made prisoners. And there being now no army to oppose him in the field, Captain Clive returned to Madras, where he accepted the command of five hundred new-raised Seapoys, and a hundred raw recruits from Europe, none of whom had ever seen an enemy^ Yet with these men he besieged, and made himself master of, two strong forts, garrisoned by French and Natives ; for, he inspired them with courage, by exposing himself to the hottest of the fire ; and his own knowledge and experience sup- plied the deficiency of theirs. 'This service being completed, and the enemy dispossessed of all that patt of the Carnatic,* Captain Clive returned to Madras, and continued there till, the month of February, 1753, when the ruined state of his health compelled him to embark for England. Whoever reflects on the circumstances which mark the military life of this extraordinary hero, will not be surprised that the num- ber of men, whom history has recorded as the authors of revo- lutions in empires, should be , so extremely smalh For of those who possess that ardent courage, that commanding genius, that unconquerable mind, which are requisite for great exploits, how few are the persons whose situation will permit such talents to produce their natural effects ?' And of those few, how very small must be the number, who escape the perils to which their cast of character generally leads them ! -f- rq-iU!' , .-. .. .. . ■■■> ■ '■'-• '#< * '* The consequences of Mr. Ciive's rapid viotories were more important, though Jess striking* than all his military strokes, the battles he had won, and the, towns he had taken : for the enemy's army of 30,000 was totally dispersed and ruined for want of provisions. In the course of! this war the -English had -killed and taken an army infinitely superior to their own:! their artillery, which amounted to forty pieces of cannon and ten mortars, with all their ammunition and: military, stores. Among the prisoners were thirty French officers and Upwards of 800 men; whilst the whole loss oh the side of the icoiiquerors did- not amount to fifty Europeans."— Modern History, Vol. X. p. 194. " '■" '• tt i .'.' v k i II- t The writers of the Modern History conclude their account of this war with the 6z2 1092 THE HISTORY OF Upon Captain Clive's arrival in his own country, he was re- ceived by the East India Company with all that affection and esteem which his extraordinary actions deserved. As a mark of their gratitude for his services, they requested him to accept of an elegant diamond hilted sword. This, however, he declined, unless the same present should be made to Colonel Lawrence, which was accordingly done. The swords cost seven hundred pounds each.* "o ■ In the course of the year, Watson published, in the Philoso- phical Transactions, Mr. Appleby's Process for rendering Sea Water fresh ;-f- and, among other communications^ in the same Volume, some observations, tending to determine what Was the Byssus of the ancients, occasioned by a substance which was sent over by Professor Bose, of Wittemberg,§ and which proved to be no other than the common Byssus velutina, in a bleached state, whereas the Byssus of the ancients Was judged by Watson to be most probably a cotton || — Remarks, additional to those of Dr. Martyn, on the sex of the Holly-Tree, which justified the removal following observation : — " We have delivered the transaction of this war the more explicitly, because it serves as a military history of the rise and first dawhirigs' of Clive's genius; to record which faithfully is really no other than to write A p&fflegy- rick. It is not always in pitched battles between great armies, on the success of which hangs the fate of Empires, where the masterly strokes of genius are displayed ; less affairs frequently call for as much or more sagacity, refinement, intrepidity, and presence of mind in the commander. Yet are they generally passed over «$ matters of no consequence, by those who rather consider the greatness of the event.than the apirit of the enterprize; measuring every action by the narrow views of interest, or the superficial notions of the vulgar." — Ydl. x. p. 194. * Biographia Britannica, Art. Clive, [Robert] f Philosophical Transactions, vol. xlviii. p. 69. % Ibid. p. 141—152. •'.,-,% § Ibid. p. 358. |) This " is confirmed in a very elaborate and critical Dissertation, written by Br. Reinhold Forster, and published in 1776." — Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. iu p. 307. merchant-Taylors' school. io@3 of it from theTetandrous to the Potygamous class*— and some ob- servations upon the Agaric, lately applied afteF amputations, with regard to the determining its species ;f on account of some doubts which had arisen relating to the exact species of the Styptic Aga- ric, which had just then excited the attention of the Surgeons, both in France and England.^ In the year 1754, the same indefatigable naturalist wrote an Account of the first Edition of the Species Plantarum of Lin- naeus4 It is not only highly worthy of being read for the useful information, and curious critical matter which it contains ; but also on account of its having produced from that celebrated Pro- fessor a handsome letter written in Latin, in which he takes occa- sion to acknowledge the candour and skill of the author in high terms, and vindicates himself for having, in his work above men- tioned, given to the Meadia (a plant so called by Catesby in honour of Dr. Mead) a different name.|| Mores also engraved fifteen drawings from the MS. of Csed- mon's Saxon Paraphrase in the Bodleian Library, and published them under the title of ' Figures quezdam antique ex Ccedmonis monaehi paraphraseos in Genesim exemplari pervetusto in Bibliothecd Bodleiand adservato delineata; ad Anglo Saxonum Mores, Ritus, atque JEdificia, Seculi pracipue decimi, illu&tranda in Lucem edita. Anno Domini MDCCLIV/f * Philosophical Transactions, vol. xlviii. p. 615. f Ibid. p. 8ll. J Watson, having written afterwards to M. Bernard de Jussieu at Paris, was assured that the French Surgeons had used the Agaricus pedis equini facie of Tourne- ibrt, which is the Boletus igniarius of Linna&us.— Philosophical Transactions, vol. xlix. p. 23, and Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 308. § Published in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1754, p. 555. || Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 309. Linnseus's Letter was printed the •ucceeding year in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. xxv. p. 317- 5f The plates were afterwards in the possession of Mr. Gough. — Nichols's Anecdotes »f Bowyer, p. 131. 1094 THE HISTORY OF In 1755, Captain Clive was solicited by the Directors of the East India Company, to accept the appointment of Governor of Fort St. David, with a right of succession to the government of Madras : and as he expressed his willingness to serve them, they procured for him the commission of Lieutenant-Colonel in his Majesty's service, together with the conduct of three companies of the Royal Artillery, and of three or four hundred of the King's troops. With this force he was ordered to join the Mahrattas on the western coast of Hindostan ; and in conjunction with them, to attack the French, whose power was then extremely formidable to the Company. But finding, on his arrival at Bombay, that such an expedition would at that conjuncture be far from expe- dient, he determined to employ his troops against Angria, a neigh- bouring pirate, whose frequent depredations were injurious to the English settlements. This resolution he communicated to Admi- ral Watson and Sir George Pocock, who were then at Bombay ; and as their judgments coincided with his own, the expedition was immediately undertaken, and was attended with complete success.* But though the original plan was has, and though, as Commander-in-Chief of the land forces, he had also a very distinguished share in its execution, yet the prize money was divided among the captors by a rule that entitled theColonel to no more than every Captain of a ship received. Admiral Watson, indeed, would have given the same share to him as to Sir George Pocock; but with singular disinterestedness the Colonel declined the offer.-f- Among the domestick occurrences of 1756, it deserves to be recorded, that, on the 28th of February, d ied W ilcox, succes- sively Bishop of Gloucester and Rochester, at the age of eighty- * " The enemy were plied so closely that, on the 13th of February, 1756, they hung out a flag of capitulation."— Modern History, vol. x. p. 197. t Biographia Britannica, Art. Clive, [Robert] merchant-Taylors' school. 1095 four.* About the same time King published a Sermon he had preached on occasion of the Fast for the earthquake at Lisbon. * He published,—" Advice to Protestants residing in Popish Countries, in a Ser- mon preached at the British Church in Lisbon, Feb, 10, 17-f*. 1 Thess. iv. 1. Lond v . 1709, 4to. " The Increase of Righteousness the best Preservative against national Judgments, a Sermon preached before the House of Commons, at St. Margaret's, Westminster, on Friday, December 16, 1720, being the Day appointed by his Majesty for a general Fast and Humiliation for obtaining the pardon of our Sins and averting God's Judg- ments, and particularly for beseeching God to preserve us from the Plague, with which several other countries are at this time visited. Lond. 1720, 8vo. Genesis xyiii. 32. " The righteous Magistrate, and the virtuous Informer, a Sermon preached before the Societies for the Reformation of Manners, in the Parish Church of St. Mary-le- Bow, on Monday, December 51, 1722, on Prov. xxi. 11. Lond. 1723* 8vo; " A Spital _Sermon preached b efo re the Ld Mayor and Aldermen, at the Church of St. Bridget's, on Easter Mo nday, April 15, 1723. London, 1723, quarto. " The duty and measures of Brotherly Love, a Sermon preached at the Revival of the Anniversary Feast of the Gentlemen educated at Merchant- Taylors' School, at St. Mary-le-Bow, December 3, 1724, on John xiii. ver. 34, 35, dedicated to the Stew- ards, John Crowley; Thomas Ambrose, Samuel Ongley, John Betton, Esqrs. Rob. Fransham, Thomas Dade, Edward Halsted, and John Everard, Gent. Lond. 1725, 4to. " A Sermon preached before the incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, at the Parish Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, on Friday the 18 February 1725, being the Day of their Anniversary Meeting. Lond. 1726, oct. Psalm Ixvii. 5. " The Providence of God the Preservation of Kingdoms, a Sermon preached at the Cathedral Church of Gloucester, before the Mayor and Corporation of that Citj r , on Tuesday, June 11, 1728, being the Anniversary of his Majesty's happy Accession to the Throne, on London, 1728. " The usefulness and excellency of Charity Schools, a Sermon preached in the Parish Church of St. Sepulchre, April 29, 1731, being Thursday after Easter Week, at the Anniversary Meeting of the Children educated in the Charity Schools in and about the Cities of London and Westmr, published at the request of the Gent, con- cerned in the said Charity. Lond. 1731, qu. 1 Pet. iv. 10. " A Sermon (published 8 May, 1739) preached before the Society corresponding with the Incorporated Society in Dublin for the promoting English Protestant Cba- 1096 THE HISTORY OF Nor was it long before Hay, Chancellor of Worcester, was made one of the Lords of the Admiralty. After the establishment of the British Museum in Montagu House, Watson was very assiduous, not only in the internal arrangement of subjects, but also in getting the garden furnished with plants ; insomuch that in this, which was the first year of its establishment, it contained no fewer than 600 species, all in a flourishing state.* As he had constantly lived in London, he had been a curious observer of the wonderful increase and improve- ment of this vast city. He was acquainted, in no ordinary degree, with its history, and its police in general ; and had particularly attended to those circumstances that were more immediately the objects of the philosopher and the physician. This knowledge enabled him frequently to suggest useful hints ; one of which highly deserves to be mentioned, as it respects an object of great importance to the publick. In the hard Winter of this year he wrote ' Some Observations on preventing the Freezing of Water in the Leaden Pipes of the City of London ;' occasioned by the injudicious and ineffectual method frequently practised of strew- ing dung in the streets over the pipes.*f- rity Schools in Ireland, at their Anniversary Meeting in the Parish Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, on Saturday, March 17, 1738-9. London, 1739, 4to." — Raxdinsotft MSS. * Ptilteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 310. f " The method recommended was simply by means of two additional brass cocks. One to be inserted into the leaden pipe, two feet before it comes into the air, guarded by a wooden case, filled up with horse litter, and reaching near to the surface of the ground, and covered over, even with the ground, by a brick or stone. This is to serve as a stop-cock, and to be turned by the help of an iron Ikey. The other cock is to be fastened to the leaden pipe in the open air, in any part of its length, provided it be somewhat below the level of the stop cock. This is inserted simply to empty the leaden pipe of all its water, after it has been -turned 'off by the stop cock. From the description of this apparatus, the method of using it is obvious. — These obser- vations were printed in the Gentleman's Magazine for January, 1757; p. 6, in which MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1097 Meanwhile Clive, having performed the only service in his power on the western coast of Hindostan, sailed Yor Fort St. Da- vid, of which he was Deputy-Governor, and arrived there in April; but his stay was short: for, in the following August, in consequence of the capture of Calcutta,* and of the ruinous situ- ation of the Company's affairs in that their principal settlement, he was summoned to Madras, where he was appointed to the command of the troops which were sent from thence to the relief of the English in Bengal.f In October, the Colonel embarked is pointed out a successful method of effecting the purpose, which he had himself employed in the severe winter of 1739-40. Other instances, besides this, occur, of his attention to whatever might advance the welfare of the public. So early as the year 1742, he had laid before the Royal Society, ' Some observations upon Mr. Sut- ton's Invention to extract the foul and stinking Air from the Well and other parts of Ships : with critical Remarks upon the use of Wind-sails.' In which he suggests several improvements in that useful invention." — Philosophical Transactions, vol. xlii. p. 62—70, and Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. pp. 320, 321. * See the Gazette, printed by authority, November 6, 1756. f " On the death of Allaverdee Khan, Nabob of Bengal, Bahar, and Orissa, in April, 1756, the government descended to his Nephew, Surajah-Dowlah, a young man of turbulent passions, of great ambition, and still greater avarice. A wish to distin- guish himself by some uncommon exploit, and a desire to gratify his ruling passion by a seizure of the wealth which the English factors, especially those of Calcutta, were reported to possess, induced him, without cause or plausible pretext, to attack their different settlements. By much the greatest part of the wars that have arisen between the Europeans and the Natives of Hindostan are undoubtedly to be attributed to the injustice and rapacity of the former. But in the present instance, the war appears to have proceeded from no other cause than the violent and vicious character of the young Nabob. The factories of Dacca and Cossimbuzar were taken without resistance. Calcutta, though considered as utterly untenable, was defended for a few days ; after which, the Nabob's troops broke into the town, and such of the inhabi- tants as could not escape to the ships were either put to the sword, or were taken pri- soners. Of the latter, a hundred and fifty (of whom many were wounded) were con- fined, on the night after the surrender, in a small close dungeon, where heat, and the stench of putrid wounds, where thirst, suffocation, despair, and madness, produced so frightful a mortality, that, when the sun rose, no more than twenty-two of the hun- dred and fifty were left alive." — Biographia Britannica. Art. Clive, [Robert] 7 a 1098 THE HISTORY OF on board Admiral Watson's squadron, having with him twelve hundred Seapoys and seven hundred Europeans, two hundred In the ' Ferice Poetic®,' (p. 230) published by the late Rev. Mr. Bishop, in 1766, is the following beautiful little poem on this subject. " Quum jussu Eoi, Calcottica in arce, tyranni Captiva heu ! subiit tristia fata manus, El passim, furibunda siti, moribunda calore, Corpora robustis succubuere viris, Fsemina languori, horrorique superfuit ; omnes r Tarn varie miseras, fsemina passa vices. Scilicet ante pedes, spirantem extrema maritum Viderat ilia, pari membra datura neci; Nee mora ; prosiliunt oculis, quasi fontibus, undse, Et subita humectant ora gementis aqua; Hinc vita, unde dolor : nescit sitiendo perire, Cui sic dat lacrymas quas bibat ipsa fides. " These verses the good old man, when Headmaster of Merchant-Taylors*, dictated with much feeling to the sixth form on one of the Probation Days, and required from every boy an English translation within an hour. The following is given, (with a few- alterations,) not because it was the best, but because it is the only one at hand : — " When at an Eastern Tyrant's dread command, The object of Calcutta's fear and hate, In durance vile Fort William held a band Of wretched victims to relentless fate, And men well-nerv'd, with oak-like strength replete,. Throughout the narrow limits of the cell, Consum'd with thirst, and mad with burning heat,.. Swooning away, by suffocation fell, — A Female, delicate of frame ; but right In all the feelings of a gen'rous breast, Surviv'd the many horrors of the night, Nor languish'd, tho' by various woe distrest. Low at her feet, the man her heart held dear Expiring lay, before her tortur'd eye ; Longer to live, was now her only fear, — Her wish to drop a faithful tear, and die. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1099 and fifty of whom were in his Majesty's service. He arrived in Ballasor Road in the beginning of December, and in conjunc- tion with the Admiral, determined on an attempt which Avas considered as singularly daring, but which, in their circumstances, was highly expedient ; that of bringing up the ships to the very town of Calcutta. No sooner was this service performed, than ^the troops were landed, and the ships' guns were brought to bear upon the Fort, from which, as well as from the town, the enemy fled with great precipitation.* Out gushes from her eyes a stream of tears. As rivers from their sev'ral fountains rise ; Moistens her cheeks, her drooping spirit cheers* And opes a ready passage to her sighs. The tear of grief an instant cordial prov'd, And to her sinking frame new vigour gave : Who loves and grieves, as Carey griev'd and Wd, Shall live in death, and cheat the thirsty grave." The particular incident alluded to is mentioned in Holwell's ' Narrative of the Suf- ferings of the Persons who were confined in the prison, called the Black Hole in Fort William at Calcutta, in the Kingdom of Bengal :' — " In the rank close behind me was an officer of the ships, whose name was Carey, and who behaved with great bravery during the siege. His wife, a fine woman, though country born, would not quit him, but accompanied him into the prison, and was one who survived.—- He (Carey) laid himself down to die." * " In the night several armed boats were sent before the squadron, to burn a ship and some vessels said to be filled with combustibles ; an enterprize that succeeded hap- pily, as all the former had done : and next morning Mr. Clive landed with his troops, and began his march towards Calcutta. Animated with revenge at the affecting sight of a place, the scene of the deplorable sufferings of so many of their countrymen, the ships' and land forces attacked it with such spirit and undaunted resolution, that the Indians, unable* to maintain •■their ground, surrendered the Fort the same day it was approached. The ships had scarce suffered any thing in their hulls or rigging-; nine seamen only were killed, and twenty-one wounded : and the loss was less con- siderable among the land forces, where not an officer was either killed or hurt. Four mortars, ninety-one guns of different sizes, and a considerable quantity of all kinds 7 A 2 1100 THE HISTORY OF The satisfaction of the army and navy in this important success was disturbed by a difference which arose between their respec- tive commanders : for, the government of the Fort being claimed by Captain Coote, in consequence of a commission from the Ad- miral, Colonel Clive resented the demand, as highly irregular, Watson's authority as Admiral, giving him no right to supersede the Commander-in-chief of the land forces, and appoint an in- ferior officer to the government of the Fort. Hence the Colonel refused to resign the command of the Fort to Captain Coote, and threatened that officer with an immediate arrest, if he presumed to disobey ; but he declared at the same time that he would give np the Fort to Admiral Watson, if he himself would demand the keys. The Admiral sent him word in answer to this declaration, that if he did not quit the Fort, he should be driven from it by the ships' guns. The Colonel replied, that he could not be an- swerable for the consequences, but he would not quit the Fort. His firmness induced the Admiral to adopt the expedient of ask- ing in person for the keys, which were accordingly delivered to him, and by him were entrusted, not to Captain Coote, but to the Governor and Council of Calcutta.* On the 13th of May, 1757, died Brooke r, Min or Canon of Worcester. On the 16th of that month^ Duncan, who had accompanied the King's own regiment to Minorca, and was now present at the memorable siege of St. Philip's, which led to the disgrace and execution of Admiral Byng,«f- was presented by the University of Oxford with the degree of Doctor in Divinity, by of ammunition were found in the Fort ; and the Company once more put into fuU possession of this settlement, that had cost the lives of so many brave men."— Modern History, vol. x. p. 198. * Biographia Britannica, Ait. Clive, [Robert] t Biographical Dictionary by Chalmers, vol. xii. p. 447. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. HOI Diploma. And, on the 17th of July^ died Derham, President /?/ ^ of St. John's College in that University.* Those who were acquainted with the extent of Watson's know- ledge in the practise of Physick,f in Natural History ,+ and Expe- rimental Philosophy ,§ were not surprised to see him rise into the * He was buried in the Chapel belonging to the College, and succeeded in the Headship by Dr. William Walker, a Founder's Kin, Principal of New Inn Hall, who was elected on the 26th of July, but resigned on the 30th of November following, when he returned to New Inn Hall. After which the College proceeding to another election, the choice fell on Dr. Thomas Fry, who had been educated at Bristol. — Woods History of Colleges and Halls by Gutch, p. 5 various addresses were presented to the different branches of the Royal Family on occasion of the Prince of Wales's coming of age. Those, in particular, which were presented by the City of London, proved what expectations they had formed of the virtues and abilities of their future Sove- reign.;]; But, without detracting from the merit of the Royal * " I take this opportunity to remark also that, in the case of a young woman, poisoned by the same means, which is printed in the 5th volume ef the London Me- dical Journal, p. 192 — 193, subsequent enquiry has convinced me, that the incapacity of swallowing,, with which she was affected before her death, arose from the same affection of the jaw." — Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 309. f Philosophical Transactions, vol. Ii. p. 394. % " The Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council addressed, his Majesty, on the 8th of June, in this form : — " « May it please your Majesty, " ' We, your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Lord Mayor, Al- dermen, and Commons of the City of London, in Common Council assembled, hum- bly beg leave to congratulate your Majesty on the satisfaction of seeing your Royal grandson, the Prince of Wales, that great object of your Majesty's paternal care and. merchant-Taylors' school. 1117 pupil, some portion of the applause, which resounded through solicitude, arrived at his age of Twenty-one years, mature in all the accomplishments that can add lustre to his high dignity, or command the love and veneration of man- kind. " ' Long may his Royal Highness enjoy the benefit, of your Majesty's salutary pre- cepts and example, and continue to make your Majesty the amplest returns of filial duty and respect. May his Royal Highness live to emulate the virtues that have endeared your Majesty's sacred person, and government to a free people ; and may there never be wanting one of your Majesty's illustrious race to perpetuate the bles- sings we derive from your auspicious reign. " ' Permit us, most gracious Sovereign, to embrace this opportunity of assuring your Majesty, that no hostile threats can intimidate a people animated by the love of liberty, and inspired with a sense of duty and affection to. your Majesty ; who, con- fiding in the Divine Providence, and the experienced wisdom and vigour of your Majesty's Councils, are resolved to employ their utmost efforts towards enabling your Majesty to repel the insults, and defeat the attempts of the ancient enemies of your Majesty's crown and kingdom.' " To which address his Majesty was pleased to return this most gracious answer : — " ' The cordial expressions of your constant attachment to my person and family are very agreeable to me ; and I return you my hearty thanks for this fresh mark of your zeal and affection. " ' I have the firmest confidence in the fidelity and spirit of my people ; and I trust I shall be well enabled, under the Divine Providence, to defeat and frustrate the most flaring attempts of the ancient enemy of my Crown.' " Next day they also waited on the Prince of Wales at Saville House, and addressed him with this speech by the Recorder : — " ' May it please your Royal Highness, " ' Your Royal Highness having happily attained your age of twenty-one years, the Lord Mayor,. Aldermen, and Commons of the City of London, in Com- mon Council assembled, humbly beg leave to compliment your Royal Highness upon an event so pleasing to the King, and so very interesting to his Majesty's faithful subjects. " ' But permit us, Sir, ajt the same lime, without offending the modesty, which so eminently distinguishes and adorns your character, to express the yet greater pleasure we enjoy in beholding your Royal Highness possessed of every virtue and accomplish- ment, which we had reason to presage from the excellence of your genius, and tha goodness of your disposition. « ' When we consider your Royal Highness's exemplary piety, your dutiful deport- 111-8 THE HISTORY OP the nation, might without injustice have been given to Bishop Thomas, who had been his preceptor. rnent towards the King, your respectful affection for your august Mother, your early knowledge of the constitution and true interests of these kingdoms, and your solici- tude for the happiness and prosperity of the people, we form the most agreeable prospects, and reflect with gratitude upon the wisdom and attention that have been employed to cultivate these noble sentiments in your princely breast. " ' May they more and more endear your Royal Highness to his Majesty, and hereafter be exerted in a higher sphere, in preserving the religious and civil rights, happily entrusted to the protection of his Majesty's illustrious house.' " To which his Royal Highness was pleased to return the following answer : — " ' My Lord and Gentlemen, " ' I return you my hearty thanks for this mark of your duty to the King, and attention to me. You may always depend upon my warmest wishes for the prosperity of this great City, and for whatever can in the least promote the trade and manufac- tures of my native country.' " Then they proceeded to Leicester House, where the Recorder, in their name, addressed her Royal Highness the Princess Dowager of Wales : " ' May it please your Royal Highness, "■ ' The Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Commons of the City of London, in Common Council assembled, warmed with the most dutiful affection for his Majesty, and with gratitude to your Royal Highness for the early and repeated marks of your regard, humbly beg leave to compliment your Royal Highness upon the happiness of seeing your illustrious Son, the Prince of Wales, arrived at the age of twenty-one years, endowed with every noble quality which maternal fondness could hope, or a free people wish, in the Heir Apparent to the Crown. " ' These, Madam, are the fruits, these the glorious rewards of your Royal High- ness's pious instructions and example. " ' By having thus laid the foundation of our future happiness and prosperity, your Royal Highness has secured the blessings of the present age, and a name of distin- guished honour in the future annals of Great Britain.' " To whom her Royal Highness was pleased to return the following answer: — ■ " ' My Lord and Gentlemen, " ' I return you my thanks for your obliging compliment; my utmost ambition has ever been to see my Son answer the expectation of his country; if I have suc- ceeded in that, all my wishes are completed." — Maitland's History of London, vol. i. continuation, pp. 22, 23. MERCrfANT-TAYLORs' SCHOOL. 1119 At this time, James Townley,* of St. John's College, Oxford, <, who, soon after taking orders, had been chosen Morning Preacher at Lincoln's Inn, and was now Grammar Master at Christ's Hos- pital, produced the celebrated farce of ' High Life below Stairs/ a piece which has held its reputation on the stage for more than half a century against all the variations of dramatick taste and literary caprice.f It was first acted at Drury Lane, and seems to aim at two points for the reformation of morals. The first to, represent, as in a mirrour, to persons in high life some of their own follies and fopperies, by clothing their very servants in them, and shewing them to be contemptible and ridiculous even in them. The second and more principal aim is to open the eyes of the great, and convince persons of fortune what impositions, even to the ravage and ruin of their estates, they are liable to from the wastefulness and infidelity of their servants, for want of a proper inspection into their domestick affairs. It possesses a considerable share of merit, and met with most amazing success in London. In Edinburgh, however, it found prodigious opposition from the gentlemen of the party-coloured regiment, who raised repeated riots in the play-house whenever it was acted, and even went so. * " James Townley, the second son of CharJes Townley, [Merchant] of Tower Jk Hill, born in the Parish, of Allhallows Barkin 6 May 1714, educated in grammar learning at Merchant-Taylors' School, into which he was admitted 7 Feb. 1727, matriculated as a Commoner of St. John's College 15 May 1732, A.B. 14 Jan. 1735, A.M. 23 Nov. 17.38, took Deacon's orders at Grosvenor Chapel m Westminster from the Bishop of Winchester on* %, March 1736, Priest's at the same place from the same Bp. on 28 May 1738, chosen Lecturer of St. Dunstan's in the East 12 Octob. 1738, became Chaplain to the Right Hon. Daniel Lambert, Esq. Ld Mayor of the City of London in the year 1741. — He married, in 1740, Miss Jane Bonnin, of Windsor, descended from the Poyntz Family, and related to the Dowager Lady Spencer, through whose patronage Mr. Townley obtained the living of St. Benet, Grace-] church-St L ondon, and a Vicarage in Essex."— Rawlinson's MSS. No. 946, and Baker's I "■ Biographia Dramatica, vol- i. p. 1\7.V*WV*'$W' Mi '*-/> u $$ < f Baker's Biographia Dramatica, vol. i. p. 717. 1120 THE HISTORY OF far as to threaten the lives of some of the performers. This inso- lence, however, in some degree brought ahput the very reforma- tion it meant to oppose, and, in part, the intention of the farce, being the occasion of an association immediately entered into by almost all the nobility and gentry of Scotland, and publickly sub- scribed to in the periodical papers, whereby they bound them- selves mutually to each other to put a stop to the absurd and scandalous custom of giving vails, prevalent no where but in these kingdoms. This piece, indeed, has been often attributed to Gar- rick, but it is known, on authority that ought to decide the ques- tion, that the real author was Townley.* In the course of the year, Watson became a Licentiate of the College of Physicians ;-f* and Mr. Miller paid him the tribute of calling a new genus in the Triandrous Class after his name ; two species of which he figured in the ' Cuts adapted to the Gardener's Dictionary/* Mores, who, on leaving the University, had spent some time abroad ; and, on his return, had resided some years in the Heralds' College, with an intention of becoming a member of that Society, circulated queries for a parochial History of Berk- shire; for writing which he was extremely well qualified, not only * Baker's Biographia Dramatica, vol. ii. p. 154. •f Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 326. % " Tab. 276, and tab. 297, fig. 2. It proved that Dr. Trew had before given the name of Meriana to the first of these; and Linnaeus found himself obliged, by the rules of his System, to reduce these two species to his genus Antholyza, already esta- blished in the Species Plantarum ; thus sinking the generic term of Watsonia, and retaining Trew's as a trivial name to the plant of tab. 276. It is to be regretted that in justice to Dr. Watson, who had deserved so eminently well of the science, that Linnaeus did not at least name the lesser species, tab. 297, 2, of Miller, Antholyza Watsonia, instead of A. Merioneth." — Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 340. merchant-taylors' school. 1121 by his own knowledge of the subject, but also by his familiar acquaintance with Mr.Warburton.* In 1760, Mores retired to an estate which he had purchased at Low Leyton, in which village he resided some time, and taking advantage of serving the office of Churchwarden there, con- tributed greatly to the improvement of the Church.f On the 30th of May, /'died John Locker, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, a gentleman much esteemed for his acquaintance with polite literature,;*: and remarkable for his skiU • His collections on that subject were afterwards in the possession of Mr.Gough.— Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer, p. 131. t " Here he built a whimsical house on a plan, it is said, of one which he saw in France." — Ibid. % " John Locker, son of Stephen Locker, Scrivener, born in the Old Jewry, % London, 27 Aug. 1693, bred (first at Mercers' Sch. and afterwards) at MVTaylorsy** went to Merton in Mar. 1711, stayed about two years, entered in Gray's Inn in 17 18, called to the bar in 1724, went in that year to France ; Clerk of the Leathersellers* Company 2 June 1719, and of the Clockmakers' Company 1740. Published 1. " The first Eclogue of Virgil, Verses on the Duke of Ormond, and the Prospect of Peace, Nov. 3, 1712; a Copy of Verses to Juliana, on Mrs. coming out of the Country, in a small 6s. collection, published under the name of the Constella- tion, 1715, 8vo. by Mr. Bland, who wrote the rest. 2. " A Character of the Lord Bacon, among the Rhapsodies of Mr. Blackbourn, prefixed to his Edition in folio. " Fir indolis satis felicis, librorum quasi helluo non inutilis, arte critica nee minus linguarwn precipue Grac. et Lat. Gall, et Ital. peritissimus, inter Parisianos ipse comitate, non astu Gallus, patriot amans, nee minus omnibus bonis amicus: adminicula quazdam Baconi operum et vita verb rhapsodica administravit Editori, eademque sicut mihi dixit, in acervum congesta, seorsum in amicorum usum imprimi fecit." 3. " Translation of the 7 and 8 books, and Discourse at the End, (which latter was altered by the ignorance and impudence of one Ch. Davis, a vain self-sufficient bookseller,) of Monsieur Voltaire's Hist, of CharlesXIL of Sweden. Lond. 1731, 8vo. 4. " Translation of JEsop's Fables from the Oxford Edition, in prose. LoncL 1732, 8vo. — This account was given me by Mr. Locker himself (with some additions by R.R.) 28 Jan. 1733. "■ He also took care of an Edition of a 2d Vol. of Ld Bacon's Letters for the 7» 1122 THE HISTORY OF in the modern Greek language, of which he became master by the following accident. Coming home late one evening, he was addressed in modern Greek by a poor sailor from the Archipelago, who had lost his way in the streets of London. He took him to his house, and, during the space of five or six years, which the Greek continued in his service, was perfected by him in that language so as to write it fluently. He had made collections towards a Life of Lord Bacon, but his death prevented the world from enjoying the fruits of his labours.* benefit of Mr. Stephens, the Historiographer, by whom it was designed to be dedicated to George II. as it was by the widow, in whose name Mr. Locker presented it, as to P. Fred. Q. Car. and the Duke. " Sanctissima Ecclesiarum Russiacarum moderatrici Synodo.. " Perlatum est ad nos, Imperatricis nostra copias cum Tartaris ad Preropam conftixisse, eosque super avisse: qua res. summa sane latitia nostrorum animos. perfudit. Gratiarum itaque actiones, ut voluistis, Deo opt. max. in sacris nostris adhibemus; eumque precamur, ut serenissitna Majestas, qua tanta gessit, et tarn praclara contra perpetuos hostel Christiani nominis, pergat adhuc, et eos ita labefactatospessundet. Vobis interim el Ecclesifc bona omnia optamus, nosque humillime commendamus, Sanctitatum vestrarum officiosissimi cultores,, Bartholomaus Cassano, et Fratres. " This copy of a letter was given to me by J. Locker, Esq. who wrote it for the Greek Muscovite Church in this kingdom to their brethren at Moscow., " He had a Clerk, Mr. Bartholomew Labourn, born at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in 1700, whom he took great pains with to instruct, and improved so much that he was afterwards elected English ScholemV to Colfe's Schoole at Lewisham by the Leather- sellers' Company, and afterwards ordained Deacon by Wilcox, Up of Rochester, in Westnfr Abby 18 Dec. 1737, in order to be Curate to Mr. Inglish of Lewisham. and Priest by the same Bp at Bromley in Kent 1 June l740."—RaTi>HnsorisMSS. No. 515. * In the preface to the complete edition of Bacon's Works by Dr. Birch and Mr. Mallet, in 5 volumes 4to. 1765, the advantages of that edition above all the pre- ceding ones, are said to be " chiefly owing to two gentlemen, now deceased, Robert Stephejis^JEs^^Historiographer Royal, and John Locker, Esq. Fellow of the So- ciety of Antiquaries, both of whom had made a particular study of Lord Bacon's. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1123 In the course of the Summer, Watson was led, by his respect to the memory of Ray, the celebrated Naturalist, to visit the spot where he had lived at Black Notley in Essex. To Watson this was classical ground. But, alas! he found the monument of the man, whose name he reverenced, removed out of the Church, where it formerly stood, into the Church-yard, and hardly visible for bram- bles. These, however, he had removed while he stayed. The inhabitants of the village knew little of the great and good man, whose ashes remained among them. And the people of the house, in which he had lived, had only heard that he was a great travel- ler.* On the 8th of August, Townley succeeded Criche in the Headship of Merchant-Taylors', and endeavoured, by avowed attachment to the House of Brunswick, to recover to the school that degree of estimation, both at Court and in the City, of which, as was conceived, it had for some years been deprived by reason of the known Jacobitical principles of his venerable predecessor. writings, and a great object of their industry the correcting from original or authen- tic manuscripts and the earliest and best editions, whatever of his works had been already published, and adding to them such, as could be recovered, that had never seen the light. Mr. S tephens dying in November 1732, his papers came into the ,, hands of Mr. Locker, whose death prevented the world from enjoying the fruits of| his labours, though he had actually finished his correction of the fourth volume of| Mr. Blackburne's edition, containing the Law Tracts, Letters, &c, After his de- cease, his Collections, including those of Mr. Stephens, were purchased by Dr. Birch." Locker married Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Dr. Stillingfleet.— Nichols's Anec- dotes of Bowyer, 4to. p. 111. * Watson told Dr. Pulteney, " that he found the house in a state which indicated no alteration having taken place, except what more than half a century of time might be supposed necessarily to have occasioned, unless, indeed, that some of the windows were stopped up to save the tax ; and that the orchard bore all the appear- ance of being as near as possible in the state in which it must have been in Mr. Ray's life time." — Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 306. 7 D 2 1124 THE HISTORY OF To the Sovereign, indeed, as an individual, it was now matter of little moment, what political notions were to be inculcated on, the rising generation. Early in the morning of the 25th of Octo- ber, his Majesty King George II. was seized by a bursting of the right ventricle of his heart, which took away his speech, and car- ried him off in a few hours, to the inexpressible loss of this nation. There is no necessity in a work of this kind, to expatiate on the character of this great Monarch, who finished a long, and, for the most part, a happy reign, in the midst of a period abounding in great events. It need only be observed, as his successor ex- pressed it in his first speech to Parliament, that he " was the great support of that system, by which alone the liberties of Europe and the weight and influence of these kingdoms can be preserved ;"* unless, to this it may be fit to add, that if he lived to see his arms crowned with victory in every quarter of the globe, it was through the prowess of Clive that the British name was advanced during his reign to such a pitch of dignity and grandeur in Asia: and, though the Muses of Merchant-Taylors', transplanted to the banks of Isis and Cam, prepared to hail the accession of a British born Prince, it was not till after they had paid many a tribute of respect to their departed Sovereign.-f- The ode which Professor Disney inscribed to the memory of his Royal patron was an ela? borate composition in Hebrew.;]: * Maitland's History of London, vol. i. continuation, p. 31.' t It had originally been my intention to subjoiu, at the end of each reign, the verses of Merchant-Taylors, to be found in the Oxford and Cambridge collections, as I did at the close of the reign of Elizabeth; but I soon found that it would swell the volume beyond any practicable extent. % Inserted in the ' Jcademia Cantabrigiensis Luctus in Obitum Augustissimi Regis Georgii II. et Gratulationes in Serenissimi Regis Georgii III. Inaugurationem,' MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1125 CHAPTER V. Of the principal Scholars during the Reign of George III. BISHOP Thomas had now the gratification of seeing his Royal pupil advanced to the throne of these kingdoms amidst the joy of a whole nation, who, while they could not but lament the loss of their late Sovereign, were duly sensible of the happy prospect before them, of long, living under a King, who had discovered in his earliest-years the warmest attention to the laws and constitution of the country. His Majesty's first care after his accession, was to assemble the Parliament, since, in addition to the sum requisite for the sup>- port of the household, and of the honour and dignity of the Grown, the various operations of the extensive war in which we were then engaged, rendered a very large supply absolutely neces- sary. Besides which, Mr. Pitt, who was distinguished for his sagacity and penetration in diving into the designs and intrigues of the enemy, had for some time observed, with the highest indigo nation, the dishonourable conduct of the Spaniards in abusing their neutrality in favour of the French. And, therefore, it was too evident that the young King, instead of bringing the old war to 3126 THE HISTORY Ofc an immediate termination, would soon be involved in hostilities with Spain. Such was the situation of publick affairs, when, on the 26th of March, 1761, Hay, who, in the last Parliament, had served for the Borough of Stockbridge in Hampshire, recommenced his parlia- mentary career by being chosen one of the Barons of the Cinque Ports.* n6J v/ t, On the -9th of August, died that truly respectable Churchman, Gilbert, successively Bishop of Llandaff and Salisbury, and Archbishop of York.-f- Shortly after, Bishop Drummond was translated from Salisbury to York. And the King, not unmindful of his old preceptor, Bishop Thomas, recommended him for trans- lation from Lincoln to Salisbury. * For the town and port of Sandwich in Kent, f " He has published — • 1. " The Wickedness of a Disregard to Oaths, and the, pernicious Consequences of it to Religion and Government, in which is particularly considered a Paper, taken at the Lord North and Grey's, printed in the Appendix to the Report of the Com- mittee of the House of Lords. Lond. 1723, oct. 2. " A Sermon preached in Lambeth Chapel at the Consecration of the Right Rev. Father in God, Stephen (Weston) Ld Bp of Exeter, Dec. 27, 1724, published by order of his Grace the Ld Archbishop of Canterbury. Lond. 1725, 4to. on 2 Tim. i. 7. 3. " A Sermon preached before the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in foreign Parts, at their Anniversary meeting in the Parish Church of St. Mary-le-Bow, on Friday, Feb. 17, 1743-4. London, 1744, 4to. on 4. " A Sermon preached before the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor [Robert Willy- mot, Esq.) the Court of Aldermen, the Sheriffs, and the Governors of the several Hospitals of the City of London, at the Parish Church of St. Bridget, on Monday in Eastey Week, 1743 . ~^~ ~~~ 5. " A Sermon preached before his Grace Charles Duke of Richmond, Lenox, and Aubigny, President, and the Governors of the London Infirmary in Goodman's Fields, for the Relief of all sick and diseased Persons, especially Manufacturers, and Seamen in Merchants' Service, &c. at the Parish Church of St. Laurence Jewry, on Tuesday March 26, 1745, published at the Request of the President and Governors. Lond. 1745. 4to. on St. Matth. vii. 12." MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1127 In the interim, his Majesty having demanded in marriage her most Serene Highness Charlotte Princess of Mecklenburgh, their nuptials were solemnized on the 18th of September, at nine o'clock in the evening, in the Chapel Royal, by Seeker, Arch- bishop of Canterbury ;* onwhich joyous occasionSAMUELBisHOP,-^ * Maitland*s History of London, vol. i. continuation, p. 39. f " Samuel Bishop was descended from a respectable family. His fatheivJim George, was born at Hollway in the Parish of Catstbck in Dorsetshire ; at which place was the family estate. He married Mary Palmer, daughter of Mr. Samuel Palmer, of Southover, near Lewes, a, descendant of one of the younger branches of the antient family of the Palmers of Sussex. He appeal's to have quitted Hollway early in life, and to have resided chiefly in London or in the neighbourhood. " Samuel, his eldest son, was born in St. John's Street in that city, on the 21st. of September (old style) in the year 1731. He was tender and delicate in his bodily- constitution ; yet gave early indications of uncommon capacity and application. The progress he made in learning, even during infancy, appears remarkable, from an anec- dote often mentioned by him ; that he was called, when only nine years old, to con- strue the Greek Testament for a lad of fourteen, the son of an opulent neighbour. His father, who was well instructed himself, and distinguished by sound judgment, attended carefully to his education ; and, noting the dawn of genius in his mind, determined that he should receive all the advantages of instruction and literary im- provement, which a publick school can afford. He was accordingly entered at Mer- chant-Taylors' School, London, on the 6th of June 1743, when he was between eleven and twelve years of age. " From that time there appeared in him strong evidences of a marked character, . and peculiar designation of mind. He soon became conscious of his own powers: he rose above his fellows ; and attracted the notice and approbation of his masters. He read with avidity, and composed with success. His first essays, however imper- fect, shewed great natural abilities, and an original vein of wit. The applause he obtained, encouraged him to pursue his studies with redoubled assiduity. History and poetry, I believe, at first divided his attention: though the last soon became the predominant impulse of his mind. He not only acquired that knowledge of the Latin and Greek classics, which, is usually obtained in a public seminary, but also became intimately acquainted with the best authors in our own language; and some of his, writings prove that he had perused Milton/ Dryden, Pope, and Swift, at an early age,. with much discrimination and critical judgment. " When he was far advanced in the upper form of the school, the late Rev. James^, Townley, then a very young man, was elected Under-master. Possessed of a bril-. 1128 THE HISTORY OF Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, wrote a very pleasing ode.* On the 1st of December, the. King conferred upon Clive the dignity of Baron in the kingdom of Ireland, by the title of Lord Clive, Baron Plassey in the county of Clare. But, while his friends and the publick paid him their various congratulations, they saw with concern, that his health was irrecoverably lost. Kant imagination himself, he soon observed the expanding power of genius in Mr. Bishop ; and an intimacy commenced between them, which continued, uninterrupted on either side, till the day of Mr. Town ley's decease. " The exercises which young Bishop spoke on the days of publick examination, were of his own composition. " On the 11th of June, 1750, Mr. Bishop was elected to St. John's College, Oxford, and admitted a scholar of that Society on the 25th of the same month. His tutor, Br. Fry, soon distinguished him by particular regard ; directed his course of reading with friendly solicitude ; and recommended to him the continual study of the antients, as the most correct models of composition: advice, which Mr. Bishop fol- lowed with strict attention, and always acknowledged with grateful recollection. " During his residence at College, he not only corrected his taste by reading with judgment, but also improved the powers of his mind by habitual practise in com- position. Besides several poetical pieces, with which he supplied his friends, he wrote also a great number of College exercises, hymns, paraphrases of scripture, translations from the ancients, and imitations of the moderns. " He was admitted Fellow of St. John's in June 1753. And, on the 24th of April, in the year 1754, he took the degree of Bachelor of Arts. About the same time he was ordained Deacon ; and Priest, I believe, in the following year. " He was then settled in the Curacy of Headley in Surrey ; whither he had re- moved on account of a declining state of health. Change of air soon restored him. He continued to divide his time between Headley and the University till the year 1758, when he took the degree of Master of Arts on the 1 1 th of April. " He quitted Headley in the same year ; and came to reside entirely in London, on his being elected Under-master of Merchant-Taylors' School on the 26th of July. He was appointed also Curate of St. Mary Abchurch; and sometime afterwards chosen Lecturer of St. Chrislopher-le-Stocks, a Church since taken down for the enlargement of the Bank." — Clare's Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, p. xiii. — xx. * B.isho.p's Poems, vol. i. p. 3. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1129 On the 2d,,of the same month, died Holdsworth* once a c celebrated Preacher in the University of Oxford, and for many yearrVicar_ofC^lfontJt i PeJter^s 4 in the county of Bucks, to his successors in which living he was a liberal benefactor.f And hence his name deserves to be added to the list of Clerical Wor- thies, who, by augmenting the preferments of St. John's, either in number or value, have increased the importance of the election from Merchant-Taylors' ; and while they thereby testified a live- long attachment to their School and College, proved the injustice of the remark too frequently made by the uncandid enemies of the Church,— that the Clergy inculcate virtues which they do not practise. Townley, the Head-master of Merchant-Taylors', having, in February, 1762, introduced the acting of Latin plays, as an exer- cise for the boys, Bishop furnished some of the prologues and * " Winch Holdsworth ordinat. Diac. JEde Xti ab Ep~o Oxon. 11 Jun. 1704,0* Presbyt. in eodem loco ab eodem Epo, 24 Maii 1705, instit. ad Kir tlington Com . Oxoo ^a Sept. 173 2, a Collegio suo praesentatus ad Rectoriam de Stoughton Magna Com. Huntingdon. Mense Maio 1720, quam cessit Anno sequenti. In Ecclesia B. Maria? Oxon. Concionem habuit de ejusdem Corporis Resuscitatione Die Luna? post Pascham 1726-7, contra quam quidem riondum impressain edidit certus Auctor anony- mus lib. intit. ' A Letter to Dr. Holdsworth, occasioned by his Sermon preached before the University of Oxford, on Easter Monday, (1726,) concerning the Resur- rection of the same Body, in which the Passages that concern Mr. Lock are chiefly considered by the Author of a Defence of Mr. Lock's Essay of Human Understand- ing, in Answer to some Remarks on that Essay.' Lond. ad -quem quidem Tractatum ab Holdsworth prodiit Responsio, intit. ' A Defence of the Doctrine of the Resurrection of the same Body, in two parts: in the first of whieh the Character, Writings, and Religious Principles of Mr. Lock are distinctly considered ; and in the second the Doctrine of the Resurrection of the same body is at large explained and defended i Praesent. Newland MSS. t Vid.^oli Reg. Tom. vii. p. 322, &c. 7e 1130 THE HISTORY OF epilogues, in one of which there was a very fair allusion to the Spanish war, just commencing.* But the only composition which he published this year was an ' Ode to the Earl of Lincoln oa the Duke of Newcastle's Retirement/ It appeared without his name; * Prologue to the Eunuch of Terence, as it was spoken by William Jeffs,* at Merchant-Taylors' School, in Feb. 1762. When mighty Rome arose, (so Heav'n design'd,) The scourge, and dread, and wonder of mankind, Her sons with gen'rous emulation strove, To found on private virtues, publick love ; 'Twas hence, with pious care, they led their youth. Thro' arms to honour, and thro' arts to truth. To honest toils was the Plebeian bred, And what his labour earn'd, on that he fed. The nobly born their legions led to war, Or reap'd the laurels of the peaceful bar; While spirit, by happier impulse taught to rise,. Could claim in either character the prize. In rhetoric and arms display'd their might, Those soldiers all could speak, those orators could fight* Britain, like ancient Rome, for arts renown'd, Like her with freedom, and with victory crown'd, Britain, by ev'ry manly science grac'd, Wants yet one source of fame, one work of taste, Her schools well stor'd with Latin, Hebrew, Greek, , Forgets the necessary art to speak. Hence rose this entertainment, hence you're come>. To take a seat in this old classic dome. Our Manager this sole advantage seeks, Not that his Scholar acts, but that he speaks. For this alone he form'd our little stage, That we might know, and mark the pointed page i And should your judgment but approve the cause, We freely trust your candour for applause. * William Jeffs, elected to St. John's, Oxford, 11 ^"£$1762, ^dra'tted B.A. 9 Apr. 176 May 1770, and B.D. 5 May 1775, was afterwards Reader aTthe^TenipV./- 5 ^ ^/tyx, 766, MJt- / MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 1131 «nd was not so much designed to attract publick attention, as to conciliate the favour of a noble family, who;honoured with friendly The epilogue spoken at Merchant-Taylors' School by Francis Newbery,* in the character of Gnatho, at the head of the ragged regiment. Halt ! Halt ! I say, and cease that noisy drum, About — to speak the Epilogue I come. Why soldier like F I'll tell you,— War's the fashion In this, and that, and almost ev'ry nation. There's a bold corps, — as ever fir'd a gun ; They'll stand to the last drop, — not one can run : Pray view them well, — are they not men of parts Their uniform is French, but they have English hearts. Behave yourselves like soldiers* — mind your tread — Turn out your toes, — Sirrah, I'll break your head. — Handle your firelocks — pretty well that,— ^shoulder— * Pray look a little bold, my lads— now bolder.— Present and fire ! — that's well,— the next time louder. What pity 'tis such men are food for powder ! I'll try their loyalty : — now boys, for France ! — Firm as a rock they stand, not one advance. Well done, my lads ! — I'll try them once again,— "1 Bourbon united, now for France and Spain ! r Hiss. They treat that union with a just disdain. j Once more :— now, my good fellows, mind the word : — Bri^in, and victory, and George the Third! Huzza. You see their spirit, — very heart of oak, To stand th' attack of cannon, fire, and smoke; I'll cram 'em well at Captain Thraso'sf table, And make 'em sailors all, ;tight, stout, and able. Top and top-gallant, o'er the waves we'll dance, And humble Spain, as we have humbled France. • Francis Newbery was admitted Commoner of Trinity College, Oxford, in 1762, but left the University without taking any degree. He served the office of High Sheriff of Sussex a few years ago, and is still living. „ t Nathaniel Moore elected to St. John's,' Oxford, 11 June 1762, admitted B.C.L. 30 March 1770, Wi andD.C.L. 30 Oct. 1773, was presented by the College to the living of Winterbourne ^Gloucester, shire, where he died in November 1798. For an early anecdote of him, see page 463; J "W< < **-*y? 7 e 2 1132 THE HISTORY OF regard the father of the lady, to whom Bishop then paid his ad- dresses, and whom he afterwards married.* It failed of the desired effect from his reluctance to obtrude himself upon the notice of the great. In the meanwhile, MooRE,-f Rector of St. Bartholomew's the Great, near West Smithfield, who has already been mentioned as a candidate with Townley for the Headship of the school, was very meritoriously engaged in the arduous task of instructing two young Africans, one of whom was destined, on the comple- tion of his education, to be ordained as a missionary for the dif- * " Miss Mary Palmer, one of the daughters of Mr. Joseph Palmer, of Old Mai- ling near Lewes, who was descended from one of the elder branches of the family of the Palmers, already mentioned. (See note, p. 1127 ■) In the year J763, Mr. Bishop was married to her at St. Austyn's, Watling^Street, and that he might he near the school, settled in Scot's Yard, Bush Lane. His affection and esteem for his Lady continued through life with unabating force. What opinion he formed of her excel- lent qualities, the world will see in his writings. By her he had only one child,, a daughter now living, named Mary Palmer after her own and her father's mother." — Clare's Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, pp. xxi. xxii. It is to this excellent daughter I am- indebted for permission to embellish this work with an engraving from a portrait in. her possession ; a. permission which she gave with a ready acquiescence that sufficiently bespoke the readiness of her filial piety to concur in any thing having for its object the paying of 'a tribute of respect to her father. f John Moose, descended from the Moores, of Taunton in the county of Somer- set, born in January 17 14j was. admitted of St. John's, Oxford, in the year 17,32,. and took the degree of B.A.^at that University. On taking orders he was Curate to Pickering, Vicar of St. Sepulchre's, of which parish he was afterwards chosen- Lecturer, an appointment which he held till his death. He married the daughter of a French Protestant of the name of Surel, by which union he consolidated his early, friendship with the amiable Beuzevilee, and other- descendants of the Refugees. In 1756, he was admitted M.A7 of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. It was the last episcopal act of that great judge of clerical merit Bishop Sherlock, to presentMm to the Rectory of St. Bartholomew's thejGreat, which had fallen to his Lordship's dis- posal by lapse;, but, as some doubt was entertained as to the lapse having taken place, Archbishop Seeker was pleased to grant Moore letters of recollation during the. vacancy of the See of London. He digdJnJuJjLL768. And it will always be matter. merchant-Taylors' school. 1133 fusion of Christianity in his native country.* But the very piety which so peculiarly qualified him for this theological as well as classical employment, laid him open, in common with many other men of eminent abilities and character, both among the Clergy and" Laity, to be imposed upon by one of the deepest artifices of the age. Early in the year, London was alarmed by a conversa- tion, which a girl of about twelve years of age, under the direc- tion of her parents, pretended, to^ have with an invisible agent, the spirit of a woman deceased. And so artfully did the girl behave, that some months elapsed before the mystery was un- ravelled. Every one, who, through curiosity or credulity, had listened to this pretended ghost,rj~ incurred the sneer of the infidel) of pleasing reflection to me, that, by marrying his grandaughter, I have brought some of the blood, of which France was not worthy, to mingle with the old English blood. ef my own family, in the veins of. my children.. Peter Surel, of Westminster^, Gent. I Susanna Sarel=~Rev. John Moore, M."A". I Rector of St. Bartholomew?s the Great, ob. 1768. Rev. John Moore, ~L.LuB.=Sarah Lilley. Minor Canon of St. Paul's. Mary Ann Moor e=Rev. Harry Bristow Wilson, B/D. j Under Master of Merchant-Taylors'. . Henry Bristow Wjlson, Mary Ann Moore, nat. 18Q3. naU18I0 4 * The Rev. Philip Quaque, still Missionary, Gateehist, and Schoolmaster to the Negroes.on the Gold Coast, under the patronage of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. f This gave rise to a poem by Churchill, called « The Ghost,' extended, at irre- gular intervals, to four books: but the poet contrived to render it the vehicle of many, characteristic sketches and desultory thoughts on various subjects unconnected with.it«. &jb -Biographical Dictionary. by Chalmers. Art. Churchill,. [Charles J. 1134 THE -HI STOUT OF who so far from thinking it credible that in some extraordinary case the agency of a departed spirit may be used for the detec- tion of some heinous crime, denies with the ancient Sadducee that there is any angel or spirit. But Moore preserved unshaken the equanimity which marked his character, and which never fails to enable the good, who are endowed with it, to preserve their souls in patience amidst all their trials of temper, and all the occasions of chagrin which may befall them. The voluminous collections of the late able Antiquary, John Bridges, Esq. towards a History of Northamptonshire, having some years ago been put into the hands of Peter Whalley, Fel- low of St. John's College, Oxford, on Mr. Buckler, of All Souls, declining the business, he had long been employed in compiling the history of his native county from these papers; and about this time published the first volume.* Watson, who, in October, was chosen one of the Physicians to the Foundling Hospital, which office he held during the re- mainder of his life,-j- published Observations upon the Effects of Electricity, applied to a Tetanus, or muscular rigidity, of four months' continuance. For the first three weeks the stiffness was confined to the jaw, but afterwards extended to a total rigidity of the spine. Electrization was continued for ten weeks with a sensible advantage, and the girl was wholly restored to health.J Mores applied himself to executing a design formed about six years before by Mr. Dodson, Mathematical Master at Christ's Hospital, to establish a Society for Assurance on Lives and Sur- vivorships by Annuities of c£lOO, increasing to the survivors in six classes of ages, from one to ten, ten to twenty, twenty to thirty, thirty to forty, forty to fifty, fifty to the extremity of life. * Gentleman's Magazine, vol. lxi. p. 773. •f Pulteney's Sketches of Botany, vol. ii. p. 326. % Philosophical Transactions, vol. liii. p. 10 — 26. MERCHANT-TAYIOES* SCHOOL. 1135 And in the course of the year the deed of settlement, declaration of trust, and the statutes of the Society were printed.* In February, 1763* Monro, Physician to Bethlem Hospital, was examined before a Committee of the House of Commons, on the state of the private mad-houses in this kingdom, and received in their printed Report a testimony very honourable to his abili- ties.-^- Inconsequence of this enquiry a bill was ordered to be prepared for the regulation of private mad-houses, which, however, was not then carried into execution.* ^UMM^^/U3 "f^/On the 28th of September, JDYROM, A the poetical writer, died A at Manchester, in the seventy-second year of his age. During .< the latter part of his life he had employed himself almost entirely, in writing a variety of pieces in verse ;§ some of which are of a . * Nichols's Anecdotes of Bowyer, p. 131. f> See Journals of the House of Commons, vol. xxxix. p. 448. J In 1772, on occasion of some fresh abuses, a bill was again ordered to be pre- - pared, but to as little purpose as the former. A third ineffectual attempt to obtain - an act was made in 1773. But the abuses continuing to increase, the subject was. • more successfully resumed by Parliament in 1774, when an act for the better .regula- - tion of private mad-houses received the Royal assent. § These were collected together in 1773, a nd printed at Manche ster, in two vo- lumes 12mo. The first piece in the Collection is ' Colin to Phoebe.' There is another . poem, entitled ' Careless Content,' which partakes something of the elegant simpli- city and beauty of the former. Some of his humourous copies of verses are agreeable and pleasing, of which his tale of the ' Three Black Crows' might be given as a spe- cimen. To this may be added, the ' Passive Participle's Petition.' The epilogue to Hurlothrumbo has much wit in it. It was composed with the friendly intention of pointing out to Johnson, the dancing master, (the writer of Hurlothrumbo,) the ex- travagance and absurdity of his play. But Johnson was so far from perceiving the ridicule, that he received it as. a compliment, and had it both spoken and printed. Bykom's Epigram on the Feuds between Handel and Bononcini was greatly ad- mired; and Melmoth, who erroneously ascribes it to Swift, has spoken of it with applause. It is said that, just before his death, he committed his lighter verses to the flames j notwithstanding, if we may judge of them by those that have been pre- 1136 THE HISTOEY OF witty and humourous nature, but still more are on serious sub- jects. Many of them are discussions of learned and critical ques- tions.* As the general tenor of his life was innocent and inoffen- sive, so he bore his last illness with resignation and cheerfulness. The great truths of Christianity had made from his earliest years served to us, he might justly apply to them that distich of Ovid, which is made the motto to Mr. Waller's Works, Non ego mordaci distrinxi Carmine quenquam ; Nulla venenata est litera mixta joco. Apleasant poem, however, not printed in his works, on his purchasing at an auction a picture of Father Malebranche is inserted by Nichols in one of the volumes of his Supplement to Johnson's Poets. — Byrom's Poems, vol. i. p. 215, note. Fitzosborne's Letters, 7th edition, pp. 323, 324. Biographia Britannica. Art. Byrom, [John] Note C. * " It was remarkable in Mr. Byrom, that he had so accustomed himself to the language of poetry, that he always found it the easiest way of expressing his senti- ments upon every occasion. He himself used to give this reason to bis friends, for treating such subjects in so uncommon a method ; and ' it is to be presumed (says the editor of his poems) that if they are not found deficient in other respects, the novelty of the manner will rather be a recommendation than otherwise.' — Among Mr. By- rom's Critical Dissertations in Verse, is a letter to Lord Willoughby, late President of the Society of Antiquaries, concerning the Patron of England. In this letter he contends ' that we are all mistaken in taking St. George of Cappadocia, or even any George, whether real or emblematical, for the Patron of the Order of the Garter, or of the Kingdom of England in general ; since, in all probability, Pope Gregory the Great, under whose auspices the English Saxons were converted to Christianity by St. Augustine, of Canterbury, is our true and proper Patron, and not St. George, whose name, by some means or other, has crept into the books and into the patronage of the Kingdom, to the exclusion of that of St. Gregory.' At the end of his Dissertation, Mr. Byrom calls upon a Willis, a Stukeley, an Ames, or a Pegge, to consider the matter. Accordingly, Mr. Pegge, in his Observations on the History of St. George, has fully examined, and indeed entirely confuted our Poet's hypo- thesis. His character is thus delineated by Mr. Pegge, (Archaeologia, vol. v. p. 13.) ' My late worthy friend Mr. Byrom, whose memory I shall always revere, was, un- doubtedly, a man of parts and learning, but rather too fond sometimes of a paradox.'" Biographia Britannica. Art. Byrom, [John] MERCIIA^-TAYLOKS' SCHOOL. 1137 a deep impression upon his mind ; and hence it was that he had a peculiar pleasure in employing his pen upon religious topicks, which, however, it is much to be lamented, he sometimes treated in a manner strongly tinctured with mysticism.* Meanwhile the hopes which Lord Clive's friends entertained that his residence in England might gradually lessen, though it could not entirely remove, the baneful effects of the Indian climate, were but of short continuance : for the troubles which arose in the Company's settlements in less than three years from his depar- ture, now appeared so truly alarming, that the Directors, with the earnestness of men who had scarcely another hope, besought him to return to India.-f- During the Winter of this year and part of the next, Bishop wrote several essays and poems, which appeared in a periodical publication, called * The Ladies Club/ printed in the Ledger. Those written by him are distinguished by the letters S. and P. Among them was an ' Ode on the Queen's Birth Day/ 1764, dis- tinguished for tender sensibility, united with elegant simplicity of expression. The amiable character of her Majesty had im- pressed his mind with veneration ; and he took various opporr tunities of paying the tribute of respect, so justly due to her virtues.^ In the course of the Spring, Garrick determined to make the * In the Gentleman's Magazine for September 1780, (vol.1, pp. 423,^424,) is a curious original letter of Mr. Byrom's, in which he vindicates Mons. Poriet against Mr. Lesley, and displays his own attachment to Madame Bourignon, and to the mys- tics in general. •f The cause of their alarm, and the objects of the extensive commission with which they invested their favourite, will best appear from an account of the events which, since his departure, had taken place in the Company's principal settlement. Such an account the reader may meet with in the Biographia Biitannica, Art. Clive, {Ro- bert] % Clare's Memoirs of Mr. Bishop, pp. xxii. xxiii. 7 F 1138 THE HISTORY OF tour of the Continent. Within a few days of his departure, he was passing the evening with his friend Townley, and facetiously- asked him if he had no poetick adieu ready, which in a few minutes produced an effusion, not to be surpassed for strength and point in all the pages of commendation and compliment justly bestowed upon that unequalled and immortal actor.* In the month of June, Hay, who had now sat as one of the Lords of the Admiralty for eight years, with the exception of a few months, and had, during the greater part of that time, been King's Advocate and Vicar General, was made Dean of the Arches. Watson laid before the Royal Society ' An Account of whafe appeared on opening the Body of an Asthmatic Person.' This was a young man, aged twenty-eight, who died after being af- flicted with an asthma only two months. The lungs were found in an extraordinarily emphysematous statej and the pulmonary vein varicose in a great degree. A soreness of the chest, suc- ceeded by a cough and a shortness of breath, had, in this young man^ case, immediately succeeded a violent and long continued* vomiting; to which cause the Doctor was inclined to attribute the origin of the disease.-j- In May, 1765, Lord Clive, and four of his friends, whom the Directors had associated with him, arrived at Calcutta. Their powers were so extensive, that, during the continuance of the troubles, they were commissioned to act with the full authority of Governour and Commander-inrChief. Their, commission supers * " When Garrick ? s steps the Alps have trodj, Prepar'd to enter mighty Rome ; The amphitheatre shall nod, And Rpscius shudder in his tomb! " Baker's Biographia Dramatica, vol. i. p. 7\Tt- f Philosophical Transactions,, vol, Uv. p. 239—245. merchant-Taylors' school. 1139 seded every other, and rendered them supreme in the Company's settlements in India. The principal objects recommended to them were, — first, The adjustment of all disputes with the country powers : and, secondly, The reformation of the many abuses which prevailed among the Company's servants, both in the mili- tary and civil departments. , For the accomplishment of the first point, Lord Clive thought it necessary to oppose the sentiments of some of the Council at Calcutta, who wished to transfer to the Emperour all the dominions of his former benefactor, Sujah-ul-Dowlah, Nabob of Oude. Fo he was well convinced, that such an establishment could not long be supported without the constant assistance of a British army ; as the people, attached to their immediate Sovereign, were nei- ther from interest nor opinion, disposed to transfer their allegiance: whereas, the restoration of Sujah^ul-Dowlah would not only pre- vent the ruinous expense of supporting a tottering government, but would likewise preserve the Company from the burthen of defending their frontier against the hostile attacks of the Mah- ra,ttas. A treaty was i concluded on the most favourable terms. The annual revenue, which the Company would derive from its territorial possessions, after all expenses should be paid, was esti- mated by Lord Clive at one million seven hundred thousand pounds per annum. And in this manner the settlement of all disputes with the country powers, the first object of his Lord- ship's extraordinary commission, was happily completed. The second object, the reformation of abuses was a much more arduous undertaking. Of these abuses, the one which niost re- quired, and least admitted of, a remedy, was the custom that prevailed among the Company's servants, both military and civil,, of accepting, and, too often, of extorting, presents from the: Na- tives of the country. And, notwithstanding the firmness of Lord Clive, and his associates in the Select Committee, corruption .proved itself to bq too consonant to the principles and views that 7 r 2 1140 THE HISTORY OF generally prevail among those who seek their fortunes in distant and unwholesome climates to be ever, by any efforts, completely subdued in India. Two other extravagant abuses engaged the attention of tho Committee. The first of these was the allowance of double sub- sistence money, claimed by the officers on the Bengal Establish- ment, as their peculiar privilege. The reformation of this abuse produced a mutiny in each of the three detachments into which: the Bengal army was at that time divided - T and rose to such a height, that almost all the officers (the field officers excepted) threw up their commissions, with many threats against the person of Lord Clive. The danger to the Company's settlement was. great and immediate : for, at that very time, sixty thousand hos- tile Mahrattas had taken the field. Yet such was the resolution, such the admirable address of this great man, that the tumult was soon appeased ; and, for the better defence of the country, Jie formed the troops into three divisions, each of which consisted' of one regiment of Europeans, seven battalions of disciplined. Natives, (every battalion containing seven hundred rank and file,) 5 and a company of artillery. One of these divisions was stationed in barracks at Halehabad, on the confines of the Emperour's and Sujah-ul-Dowlah's dominion, another in barracks at Pafcna, and a third in barracks at or near Calcutta. Another dangerous abuse, the principal source of the late war,, still remained, which was the private trade of the Company's ser- vants in the principal articles of inland consumption. The Eng- lish and their agents became the sole dealers ia salt, beetle-nut,, and tobacco; by which a numerous class of the Natives were deprived of the means of subsistence. But this was a partial evil : the mischief was much more widely diffused- Power was become the measure of price ; and it was said that the English,, when they bought, gave what they pleased^ and when they sold,, took what they pleased, till property was rendered so insecure* MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1141 that the miserable Native no longer knew what he could call his own. So flagrant a violation of the common maxims of equity and prudence was neither unnoticed nor uncensured by the Court of Directors in England; for they strictly and repeatedly pro- hibited the inland trade, as contrary to justice, to the interests of the Company, and to the rights of the Natives. But Lord Clive, and the other members of the Select Committee, con- sidered the evil as so inveterate that no expedient would operate as an effectual cure. And, therefore, as they possessed . discre- tionary powers, they resolved to regulate an abuse, which they could not remove; and to render the trade in salt beneficial to the Company and its servants* without oppressing the Na- tives.* On the 5th of August, fc died the learned and excellent Thomas ■ />, Hitchcock, Fellow and Tutor of St. John's College, Oxford.f And, on the 27th of the same month? cJSiLChables Parkin;, ^ respectable as an Antiquary ,$ but principally to be esteemed by * With this view a Society was formed for carrying on the principal branches of the -■inland trade ; and to this Society the Company's servants, both military and civil, were admitted ; their different shares in the profits being proportioned to their respec- tive ranks. Certain duties were also imposed for the benefit of the Company itself, and various regulations respecting the price were made for the benefit of the Natives. Under the direction of Lord Clive, the trade of this Society might have been con- fined to salt, its original object, and have proved an useful institution. Under that of his successors, it extended to the other necessaries of life, and became a cruel mono- poly, the forerunner of a hideous famine. Such indeed was the power of the English, with respect to the Natives ; and so weak in India were the restraints of law, that remedies for old grievances became the instruments of new oppression. — Biographic Britanmca. Art. Clxve, [Robert] + The only piece Dr. Hitchcock ever published was an Act Sermon before the University of Oxford - y but he left a number of MSS. behind him, which are now in the possession of his nephew Major Hitchcock. J In 1744, he published an Answer to an Account of Lady Roisia's Sepulchral Cell, then Jately discovered at Royston by Dr. Stukeley. The Doctor replied in Palfeogra? 1142 THE HISTORY Of the scholars of Merchant-Taylors' for his kind consideration of their superannuated brethren, as already noticed.*" In the course of the year was published * A Short Account of the Equitable Society/ from which it is evident how much the publick are indebted to Mores for the active part which he took in the establishment of that admirable institution.-f- In the month of December, Beuzeville preached the dedi- catory Sermon on the opening of his new Church at Bethnal Green. And, on Christmas Eve, his young friend, John Moore, junior, Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, son of his old school- fellow, the Rector of St. Bartholomew's, was admitted MinorCanon of St. Paul's. During his residence at the University he had been singularly serviceable to Kennicott in the arduous task of collating the Hebrew manuscripts Of the Old Testament. Hence he early acquired a taste for Biblical criticism, and now looked forward to the enjoyment of peculiar opportunities of cultivating it in his attendance on the daily service of the Cathedral. There, when not engaged in reading the lessons himself, it became his practice to compare the authorized Translation of the Scriptures with the Originals, and to minute down those passages which seemed to require correction, or to admit of improvement. And these remarks it was the employment and amusement of his phia Britannica, No. II. 1746. To which Mr. Parkin replied in 1748. And here the controversy closed. Mr. P. likewise continued Mr. Bloorafield's History of Nor- folk. * See page 472> &c f " Mr. Mores was to be perpetual Director, with an annuity of oflOO per annum. Before 1768 some dispute arose between Mr. Mores and the original members of this Society, and he withdrew from them. All his papers on this subject are now in the -hands of Mr. Astle. The Society still subsists under the name of the Equitable So- ciety, and their office is in Bridge-Street, near Blackfriars' Bridge." — Nichols's Anecdotes &f Bowyer, p. 131. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1145 leisure hours to canvass and digest, with the laudable view some time or other of laying before the publick the result of his labours. *********** Having now conducted the reader to the confines of the present generation, I trust I may be allowed to lay down the pen, and seal up the remainder of my collections. Should Providence bless me with long life, it may be the amusement of my old age to resume the History of a School, which, while memory lasts, can never cease to be dear to me. Or if, in declining age, infir- mity should incapacitate me for the delightful task, it may haply devolve to a youth, now within its walls, to carry on that which; his father began ; but which, it is hoped and prayed, will never be completed till all institutions for the benefit of mankind merge in that general and grand melioration of the human race which the Christian religion teaches us to expect. But though it is hazardous to speak of those, of whom, by rea- son of their recent decease, survivors are apt to imagine enough- cannot be said, and though it is needless to enlarge on the cha- racters of those whose living virtues are open to the notice and command the admiration of all ; yet, as some of them are not known to the general reader to have received their education at Merchant-Taylors', and as those, who have so steadily followed the example of their elder schoolfellows of former ages in every honourable path of life, ought not, perhaps, to be wholly passed over without notice, I shall conclude by a brief commemoration of our more modern worthies, whom to name, is to praise ; and whom to imitate, is to be good and great. The excellencies of Beuzeville called forth a fine specimeu of pulpit eloquence in the French language from Moore, his. affectionate friend,, who was himself, by the mother's side,. d*>- 1144 THE HISTORY OF scended from a Protestant family in ■France. The reputation of, Duncan is sustained by his own ingenious and valuable pub- lications. The memories of Schomberg, Townley, Fayting, Disney, Brakenridge, and Bluck, are embalmed by the muse of Bishop, " whose lyre still warbles, and whose verse still lives :" that of Bishop himself will not be forgotten by hundreds now living, till they likewise are numbered with the dead. The name of Yardley, in the Archdeaconry of Cardigan, and of Taylor in that of Chichester, will be remembered with respect as long as the office of Archdeacon retains its dignified rank in the Church of England. The manly character of Dennis needed not the eulogy of Finch to secure to it the homage of the good. Nor will the amiable qualities of Pitt, so eminently displayed and acknowledged during his residence in Russia, be easily effaced from the virtuous minds of the Court of St. Petersburg, Of Cherry it may truly be said (and what can be greater praise ?) that in taste and talents he yields to none of his pre- decessors. Placed as he is between the dead and the living, he forms one of the links that unite the scholars of the present day with those of former times. And when, at last, his honourable career of usefulness is closed, his literary companions will long remember him for his intimate, yet unostentatious, acquaintance with the treasures of antiquity. Not that the scholars, who have distinguished themselves in the present reign, have confined themselves to the cultivation of clas- sical literature. Several of them, attracted by the copiousness and energy of the Saxon language, have directed their attention to that grand source of the English tongue. Among whom Charles Mayo, the first Professor of Anglo-Saxon in the Uni- versity of Oxford, on the foundation of Dr. Rawlinson, stands pre-eminent by every suffrage but that of his own modesty. The antiquities of Egypt have arrested the attention of Frank. Meryon has lately been indulging a refined taste amidst the merchant-Taylors' school. 1145 ruins of Greece. And, while many a younger candidate for mili- tary honour has been prematurely cut off from glory and from fame, the veteran Horsford has passed from danger to danger, and survives to be one of the principal officers of the Company's army in India. When the threat of invasion assailed our shores, and men of every profession were eager to join the defenders of their country, nothing in the way of praise and commendation could be peculiar to Merchant-Taylors. Where all did their duty, it is impossible to particularize. Otherwise an honourable exception might be made in favour of Thomas Gaitskell, Lieutenant- Colonel Commandant of the first Surrey Regiment of Volunteers, and of Thomas Hitchcock, Major of the West London Mi- litia. With the name of Michael Marlow, the University of Oxford are accustomed to associate the ideas of that gentlemanly deport- ment which is of the greatest consequence towards the successful discharge of the Vice-chancellorship; while Richard Dickson Shackleford, Thomas Whitfield, and Henry Wetherell, command the respect of the gown for similar conduct when Proc- tors of the University. In the science of Heraldry and Genealogies, so important to the maintenance of rank and order in a civilized and wealthy state of society, Ralph Big land is equal to any who have filled the eminent office of King-at-Arms. The Parish of Shoreditch, more neglected than from its proximity to London could have been expected, has found in Henry Ellis a diligent, inves- tigator, uniting in himself the industry of a Mores with the nice discernment of a Wh alley, whose talents, superior to the contracted sphere of parochial illustration, have been more re- cently employed upon the ancient records of the kingdom, in a manner for which every statistical writer will own his obliga- tions. yiCESiMUS Knox has displayed a degree, of taste, 7 g 1146 THE HISTORY OF rilife! which has placed him among the most celebrated English wri- ters on Belles Lettres. The papers by William Benjamin Portal and Thomas Alston Warren in ' The Loiterer,' a periodical work published at Oxford, were distinguished for origi- nality. And it is not too much to say, that Latham's History of Birds may certainly be considered as an acquisition of great con- sequence to English naturalists. In Surgery, the name of Cline is one of the first in this coun- try. Of publications connected with the healing art, those of Paggen William Mayo, William Gaitskell, and Wil- liam Wadd are of no little importance, nor undeserving to be classed on the same shelf with the productions of Monro, Wat- son, and Moysey. Nor can I refrain from congratulating the school on num- bering among its boys so many students of British law. The ability, with which the Recorder of the City of London has. ever discharged the arduous duties of hi& important judicial office, proves that John Silvester, Esq. needs not the honour of knighthood to enable him to adorn a profession of which Sir James Whitelocke was once the ornament and boast. A nume- rous train of Serjeants and Barristers, educated among us, cheer- fully yield the precedency to their old schoolfellow Samuel Shepherd, his Majesty's Solicitor-General. And though, at this particular moment, the Professors of the Civil Law do not occupy, such prominent situations as their brethren of the Common Law, the brilliant examples of Sir John Cook and Sir George Hay cannot but afford to the scholars of Merchant-Taylors' strong, motives to exertion in the steady pursuit of professional eminence,, especially whilst a Dodson is so laudably ambitious of treading in the steps of those learned Civilians ; after whom in rank, but not in publick estimation, must be mentioned the King's Proctor, Charles Bishop, Esq. ■In the important study which tends to prepare mankind for an- merchant-Taylors' school. 1147 other and an endless state of existence, we hail the excellence of Vanmildert, of whose ability, as Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford, the universal feeling that prevails in his favour among sound Churchmen is a sufficient and irrefragable testimony. Though the powers of Stubbs's vigorous mind are no longer exerted in defence of the rights of the Clergy, and his devotion- kindling tongue has long been put to silence in the grave, Moore yet lives to be the champion of his clerical brethren, and, in read- ing the incomparable Liturgy of the Church of England, to lead the soul of the devout worshipper to the portals of Heaven. The spiritual ministrations, which in years that are past engaged the pious labours of a Lowth, a Wheatley, and a Ber-'"*^ riman, are carried on, to the edification of the faithful, by a Rhudde, an Eyton, a Bell, a Morice, a Williams, a Birch, a Neve, and a "great company of preachers," scattered over almost every dioCess in the English communion. Though the Mitre, after dignifying a succession of our scholars for two centuries, has at length departed from our school, there are still men on whom it might be bestowed to the benefit and honour Of the establishment: Marlow and Vanmildert may yet be raised to that bench which was once graced by the apostolical virtues of Juxon and Dawes. And, unless I am deceived in the estimate I have made of their talents, and the opinion I have formed of their conduct, some future historian will have to record the names of Hawkins and Adolphus among the principal scholars of Merchant-Taylors'. My own feelings of affection for some, of veneration for others, and of regard for all, would not allow me to say less than this : the invidiousness of detailing the merits of cotemporaries with- holds me from saying more on a topick, on which I could other- wise long dwell with pleasure. Enough has been said fully to show that while, on the one hand, the School has been munificently supported and wisely governed, 7g 2 1148 THE HISTORY OF the education dispensed in it has, on the other, been attended with* a considerable degree of success in promoting the advancement of the scholars in after life, by qualifying them to serve God in Church and State. Merchant-Taylors have been the foremost to pay that ready and implicit obedience to the Sovereign, which is the cha- racteristick of Christian subjects. And many of oue Princes have not been backward to reward that loyalty by marks of distinguish- ing approbation. But even in reigns when court favour has run in other channels, ijt has not been found that the most discou- raging circumstances could shake the principles of men,, who,, when boys, were taught that they were to be faithful to theic Monarch, not from interest but from duty, " For loyalty is still the same, Whether it win or lose the game;- True as the dial to the Sun, Although it be not shone upon." The Patrons of the School need no inducement, that this worfe can suggest, to continue their protection; but the publick at large may learn from it to understand and appreciate the effects pro- duced by the system of instruction here pursued. It ought never to be supposed that the sole end of a liberal education is the acquisition of classical learning.. The design of the foundation, of Merchant-Taylors' was not barely the diffusion, of literature* Nor is that the view, with which the present members of the Com^ pany uphold what their good and excellent predecessors first esta- blished. The School is intended, to be the nursery of every great and generous quality that can adorn the man, the patriot, and the. Christian. In all which characters Merchant-Taylors' scholars hay©- been found to act not only creditably but. illustriously.. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 1149 PATRONS, The Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants of the Worshipful Company of Merchant-Taylors, for the Time being. MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Warden, in the years— Mr, Sir Thomas White, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1547, Lord Mayor 1553. Sir Thomas Offeley, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1553, Lord Mayor 1556. Sir William Harper, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1556, Lord Mayor 1561. Sir Thomas Rowe, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1560, Lord Mayor 1568. Mr. Richard Wadington. Edward Ley, or Lea. Thomas Acworth. Emanuell Lucar, or Lewker, William Ffletewood, Esq. Recorder of London, 1571. William Rigeley.. Richard Hills, Richard Whethill, Robert Rose, John Ollyff, Raphe White, Thomas Browne, Christopher Marlor, Thomas Haile, John God, William Sulyerd, Nicholas Love, William Albany, Thomas Schotesham, Jerrard Gore, William Kympton, Richard Johnson, William Merick, Stephen Harles, John Wilkinson, Thomas Offeley, Jun. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving,the office of Master, in the years— 1560-1, 1561-2, 1562-3, 1563-4, 1564-5, 1562-3. 1562-3, 64-5. 1566-7, 1562-3,69-70,72-3. 1562-3, 73-4. ' 1563-4. 1565-6, 1563-4. 1563-4,68-9. 1568-9, 1563-4,70-1. 1572-3 1564-5. 1667-8. 1564-5. 1570-1. 1564-5. 1571-2, 1565-6. 1565-6. 1565-6,71-2. 1565-6,74-5,. 1150 THE HISTORY OF Chosen to serve, or Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to fine for MEMBERS OF THE COURT. fine for not serving, the office of not serv ing,tbe office Warden, in the years— of Master, in the years — Mr. Ffrancis Pope, 1566-7. Thomas Tomlynson, 1566-7. William Heton, 1566-7. William Hodgson, 1566-7. 1572-3. Arthur Dawbney, 1566-7,71-2. 1574-5. Thomas Wilford, 1566-7,76-7,78-9. 1585-6. Robert Hulson, 1567-8. 1569-70. John Traves, or Travers, 1568-9. Edward Joans, 1568-9. 1575-6. Nicholas Spencer, 1568-9,74-5. John Sperke, 1569-70. Robert Ducfcyngton, Richard White, 1569-70. 1573-4. Walter Ffyssh, 1569-70,72-3. 1576-7. Robert Donkyn, 1570-1. John Mylnar, 1570-1. Henry Offley, 1570-1. 1584^5. Robert Dowe, or Dove, 1571-2,75-6. 1578-9. Richard Offley, 1571-2,81-2. Gyles Jacob, 1572-3,76-7. Richard Burne, or Bourne, 1572-3,77-8. 1581-2. Robert Hawes, 1573-4. 1580-1. Thomas Kyrton, 1578^-4. Charles Hoskyns, 1573-4,77-8. 1582-3. Anthony Radclif, 1574-5. 1577-8. William Phillipps, 1574-5. 1579-80. Richard Maye, 1575-6,79-80.- 1583-4. John Mansbridge, 1575-6,92-3. Robert Brett, 1576-7,80-1. William Widnell, 1576-7,82-3. 1586-7. Richard Parramor, 1577-8. George Sotherton, 1577-8,81-2. 1589-90. Christopher Darrell, 1578-9. Olyve'r Rowe, 1578-9,82-3. 1592-3. Reginold Barker, 1578-9,86-7. 1595-6. John Pounte, 1579-80. Thomas. Pope, 1579-80,85-6. William Dodworth, 1579-80,85-6. 1591-2. William Offley, 1580-1. George Quernby, 1580-1. John Toppe, 1580-1,84-5. 1587-8. Richard Proctor, 1581-2,88-9. 1593-4. John Churchman, 1581-2,89-90. 1594-5. Hughe Hendley, 1582-3,87-8. 1590-1. Edward Kympton, 1582-3,88-9. 1596-7. Richard Peter, 1583-4. Nicholas Spencer, 1583-4. 1588-9. John Marden, 1583-4. Roger Abdye, 1583-4,90-1. Thomas Pierson, 1584-5. Henry Hunlocke, 1584-5. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 1151 Chosen to serve, or Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to Hue for MEMBERS OF THE COURT. fine for not serving, the office of not serving, the office Warden, in the years— of Master, in the. years— Mr. William Whittle, 1584-5,89-90. John Robinson, 1585-6,90-1. Richard Venables, 1585-6,92-3. 1598-9. William Salte, 1586-7. Henry Webbe, 1586-7,91-2. Nowell Sotherton,Esq. Baron of the Exchequer, 1586-7,91-2. 1597-8. Mr. William Evans, 1587-8. Walter Plumer, 1587-8,92-3. 1599-1600, Henry Palmer, 1587-8,96-7. 1600-1. Sir Leonard Holidaie, Aid. Sheriff 1595, Lord Mayor 1605, 1588-9, 93-4, Mr. Robert Hampson, 1588-9,94-5. Thomas Aldsworth, 1589-90,94-5. 1601-2, Richard Goare, 1589-90. 1602-3. Sir Robert Lee, Sheriff 1594, Lord Mayor 1602, 1590-1. Mr. Gregory Smith, 1590-1,95-6. William Lynforde, 1591-2, 96-7. Richard Shepham,. 1591-2,97-8. John Davennet,. 1592-3. Sir William Craven, Knt. & Aid. Ld Mayor 1610. , 1593-4. Mr. John Harrison, 1593-4. Geffrey Elwes, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1607, 1593-4,98-9, 1604-5i Mr. Roger Heyley, 1594-5,98-9. Thomas J uxon, 1594-5,99-1600, 1605-6. Richard Gore,. 1595-6. Christopher Thatcher, 1595-6. John Hulson, 1595-6,1600-1. Sir John Swynnerton, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1602 ; 1 Lord Mayor 1612, 1596-7,1600-1. 1606-7. Mr. Richard Rodwey, 1596-7,1601-2. Humphrey Corbett,, 1597-8. 1603-4, John Johnson, 1597-8,1601-2. 1607-8. William Pryce,, 1597-8, 1602-3. John Vaux, 1598-9, 1602-3. Humffrey Street e,, 1598-9,1603-4. 1608-9. Thomas Rowe, 1599-1600,3-4. 1610-11, John Vernon, 1599-1600, 4-5. 1609-10, William Jones r . 1599-1600,5-6,6-7. Richard Coxe, 1600-1. Richard Wright, : 1600-1,6-7. 1611-12, Thomas Thomas, 1601-2. Gerrard Gore, jun. 1601-2,4-5. William Chambre, 1602-3. William Hawes, 1602-3. Andrew Osborn, 1603-4,6-7. 1612-13; Thomas Owen, 1603-4,7-8. John Hyde, 1604-5. Arthur Medlicott* 1604-5. John Tedcastle, 1605-6. Thomas Heashaw, 1605-6,6-7,8-9. 1152 THE HISTORY OP MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Warden, in the years — Mr. Anthony Holmeade, 1605-6,8-9. Edward Atkinson, 1606-7,9-10. William Albany, 1606-7,9-10. Richard Scales, 1607-8. John Wooller, 1607-8,10-11. Randolph Woolley, 1607-8,10-11. Symon Clynte, 1608-9. George Liddiatt, 1608-9, 11-12. Ffrancis Evington, 1608-9,11-12. George Hothersall, 1609-10. Robert Jenkinson, 1609-10,12-13. Raph. Hamor, 1610-11,12-13. Thomas Johnson, 1610-11, 13-14. Sir John Gore, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1615, Lord Mayor 1624, 1611-12. Mr. Thomas Boothbie, 1611-12,13-14. William Gore, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1615, 1612-13,14-15. Mr. Charles Hoskins, 1612-13,14-15. John Robinson, 1613-14. Martin Heather, 1013-14. Mathias Springham, 1613-14,15-16. William Greenewell, 1614-15,16-17. John Slaney, 1614-15,17-18. Isaac Holloway, 1615-16. Thomas Franklin, 1615-16,17-18. Edward James, 1615-16,18-19. . Richard Otway, 1616-17. Raphe Smith, 1616-17. Thomas Marsham, 1616-17,18-19. Richard Tennant, 1617-18. Peter Towers, 1617-18,19-20. Richard Hearne, Esq. Sheriff 1618, Mr. John Collett, 1618-19,19-20. James Traves, Thomas Mills, 1618-19,20-1. John Prowd, 1619-20. Edmond Creech, 1619-20,21-2. Sir Robert Ducy, Bart. & Aid. Sheriff 1620, Lord Mayor 1630, Mr. William Bond, 1620-1. William Brett, 1620-1. Raphe Gore, 1620-1. John Harrison, William Speight, 1621-2. Edward Catcher, or Ketcher, 1621-2,22-3. Henry Poulsted, 1621-2,23-4. Jeoffery Prescott, 1622-3,24-5. Bartholomew Elnor, 1622-3,25-6. Jeramy Gay, 1622-3, 25-6. Matthew Bedell, 1622-3. John Hanbury, 1623-4. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving,the office of Master, in the years— 1613-14. 1614-15. 1614-15. 1613-14. 1615-16. 1615-16. 1615-16. 1615-16. 1616-17. 1617-18. 1618-19. 1619-20. 1618-19. 1620-1. 1621-2. 1622-3. 1624-5. 1623-4. 1625-6. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 1153 Chosen to serve, or Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to fine foe MEMBERS OE THE COURT. fine for not serving, the office of not serving,the office Warden, in the years — of Master, in th« years— Mr. Walter Briggen, 1623-4. v ; Edward Warner, 1623-4. 1626-7. Edward Cotton, 1627-8. Robert Draper, 1623-4,26-7. 1628-9. Richard Bigg, 1623-4,26-7. Roger Drury, 1624-5,27-8. John Browne, 1624-5,27-8. Francis Neave, 1024-5,28-9. 1629-30. William Rodway. Thomas Plomer, 1625-6,28-9. 1630-1. George Johnson, 1625-6,29-30. 1630-1. William Hawkins, 1626-7. 1630-1. Richard Francis, 1626-7,30-1. 1631-2. Daniel Elliott, 1627-8. Sir Henry Pratt, Bart. & Aid. Sheriff 1631, 1627-8,30-1. 1630-1. Sir William Acton, Bart. & Aid. Sheriff 1628, Lord Mayor 1641. Mr. George Benson, 1628-9,30-1. 1631-2. Michael Grigg, 1632-3. Robert Gray, 1628-9,31-2. 1633-4. Nicholas' Grice, 1629-30. 1633-4. Isaac Jones, 1629-30,31-2. 1633-4. Peter Bradshawe, 162f>-30,32-3. Robert Briggs, 1630-1. William Stanley, 1630-1,32-3. 1633-4. Symon Beardall, 1631-2,32-3. Robert Senior, 1631-2,32-3,33-4. 1634-5. William Tulley, 1632-3,34-5,35-6. 1635-6. Richard Turner, 1632-3, 34-5. 1636-7. Symon Bardolfe, 1633-4. 1634-5. John Dade. Nicholas Benson. William Angell, 1633-4,34-5,35-6. Henry Kinnersley, 1633-4, 35-6. 1638-&. Thomas WetheralL 1634-5,36-7. 1638-9. Symon Wood, 1635-6. 1637-8. Nathaniel Owen, 1635-6,37-8. 1642-3. William Short, 1636-7. George Langham, 1636-7,37-8. 1643-4. Richard Andrews, 1636-7,38-9. 1643-4. Robert Greenewell. Henry Ellwes, 1637-8. Jeremy Ellwes, 1637-8. Thomas Francklyn. William Pearsall, or Parsell, 1638-9. 1639-40. Sir Abraham Reynardson, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1640, Lord Mayor 1649, 1640-1. Mr. Clement Mosse, 1641-2. William Gelsthropp, 1688-9. 1644-5. Samuel Averie, Esq. Aid. Sheriff, 1647, 1645-6. Mr. George Mellisb, 1638-9,39-40, 1646-7. 7h _- 1154 THE HISTORY OP MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Warden, in the years — Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not scrving,the oflice of Master, in th« years — . Mr. Philip Culme. Nicholas Heme, George Francklyn, William Turlington, Daniel Hollingworth* Roger Marsh, George Nash, John Ven, Roger Gardiner, George Antrobus, John Pecocke, Idell. William Baker, Walter Pell, John Stone, Thomas Tavernor, Richard Pery, Anthony Dieper, William Goodday, Nicholas Jerrard, Ozias Churchman, Robert Gale, George Long, Henry Clarke, Roger Draper, Robert Newman, James Viccars, Esq. Aid.. Mr. John Stint, William Gore, Esq. Aid. Mr. Thomas Ivy, Oliver Neave, Thomas Warren. William Dudley, Sackford Gonson, or Johnson, Walter Bigg, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1653, Tempest Milner, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1656, Mr. John Ellis, William Beeke, Robert Lant, Sir William Bolton, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1660, Lord Mayor 1667, Mr. John Orlibeare, John Straunge, Ffrancis Taylor, George Alport, Richard Orme, Nicholas Delves, Benoni Honiwood, John Hallett, Henry Hampson, James Church, 1639-40. 1639-40,40-1. 1639-40,40-1. 1640-1,41-2. 1640-1,41-2. 1641-2,42-3. 1641-2,42-3. 1042-3,43-4. 1642-3, 43-4. 1643-4,44-5. 1643-4, 44-5. 1644-5,45-6. 1644-5,45-6. 1645-6,46-7. 1645-6,46-7. 1646-7. 1646-7,47-8. 1646-7,47-8. 1647-8,48-9. 1647-8,48-9.. 1648-9. 1648-9,49-50.. 1649-50. 1649-50,50-1.. 1649-50,50-1. 1650-1,51-2. 1650-1,51-2. 1651-2,52-3. 1651-2,52-3. 1647-8. 1648-9. 1648-9. 1649-50. 1649-50. 1650-1. 1651-2. 1652-3. 1650-1. 1651-2. 1652-3. 1652-3.. 1652-3. 1652-3. 1653-4. 1654r-5. 1655-6. 1656-7- 1657-8. 1658-9. 1659-60. 1660-61. 1662-3. 1663-4. 1664-5. 1664r-5. 1665-0. M-ERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1155 MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Warden, in the years- Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving,the office of Master, in the years— Mr. William Weston, 1652-3. John Terrell, 1652-3,53-4. John Mellisb, 1652-3, 53-4. 1665-6. Thomas Blackwell, 1653-4,54-5. Maurice Gething, 1653-4,54-5. 1665-6. Fforth Goodday, 1654-5. Robert Holt, 1654-5,55-6. Joshua Woolnough, 1665-6. Nathaniel Lavender, 1655-6. 1665-6. Thomas Nevill, 1655-6, 56-7. 1665-6. Nathaniel Withers, 1655-6,56-7. 1666-7. Charles Chambrelan, 1656-7,57-8. Richard Latham, 1656-7,57-8. Henry Davy, 1657-8,58-9. John Smart, 1657-8,58-9,59-60. 1667-8. Edmund Lewin, 1667-8. Allen Cliffe, 1669-70, Anthony Webb, 1658-9,59-60. George ****brooke, 1658-9,59-60. John Jones, 1659-60,60-1. Patricke Bamford, 1659-30,60-1. Thomas Maynwaring, 1660-1. George Clarke, 1660-1. William Jeston, 1662-3. George Nodes, 1662-3. Thomas Cole, 1662-3. 1674-5. Edmond Fabian, 1662-3,63-4. William Rawson, 1663-4. Roger Lukin, 1663-4,64-5. Edward Nash, 1663-4,64-5. 1668-9. Robert Lawson, 1664-5. Edward Wallis, 1664-5,65-6. Kellam or Kenhelme White, 1664-5,65-6. 1674-5. James Jenkin, 1665-6. Robert Hall, 1665-6,66-7. Jonathan Andrewes, 1665-6,66-7. Roger AIsopp, 1666-7. Robert Chilcot, 1666-7,67-8. 1674-5. Richard Allot, 1667-8. Robert Russell, 1667-8,68-9. John Hallam, 1667-8,68-9. 1674-5. Nathaniel Tilley, 1668-9, 1674-5. John Bewley, 1668-9,69-70. 1674-5. Thomas Spence, 1668-9,69-70. William Smith, 1669-70. V Richard Shipton, 1669-70,70-1. Sir Richard Browne, Bart. Sheriff 1648, Lord Mayor 1661. Mr. Thomas Plampin. William Baynbrig, 1670-1. Thomas Juxon, 1670-1. 7 H 2 1156 THE HISTORY OP MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Mr Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Warden, in the years — Henry Amy, Thomas Malory, Henry Ashurst, Sir Patience Ward, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1670, Lord Mayor 1681, Mr. John Foster, Thomas Polhill, Sir William Prichard, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1672, Lord Mayor 1683, Mr. James Chadwick, George Laugham, William Mead, / John Bret, Robert MSllory, ^ rfWi ? b D W^- ~ John Acrod, j John White, Ffrancis Manly, Robert Sewell, Daniel Baker, Esq. Aid. Mr. Robert Dring, Humphrey Nicolson, Thomas White, John Kay, John Soames, Edward Bushell, Thomas Wandell, George Archer, Edward Harvey, Thomas Wardell, Sir William Turner, Knt. Aid. & Sheriff 1662, Lord Mayor 1669, Peter Paravicin, Esq. Aid. Sir William Dodson, Knt. Mr. Winstanley. Sir William Ashurst, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1691,. 1670-1,71-2. 1670-1,71-2. •1. 1671-2,72-3. 1671-2,72-3. 1672-3. 1672-3,73-4. 1673-4. 1673-4,74-5. 1673-4,74-5. 1674-5,75-6. 1674-5,75-6. 1675-6,76-7. 1675-6,76-7. Lord Mayor 1694, Mr. John Wallis, Sir Thomas Halton, Bart. Mr. Ralph Ingram, Sir Henry Ashurst, Bart- Mr. John Cliff, Edward Tidcomb,. Richard Masten, Thomas Frampton, Nicholas Gregson, George Ayrey, John Pointer, John Mewes, Isaac Grey, John Taylor, John Short, 1676-7,77-8. 1676-7,77-8. 1677-8. 1677-8. 1677-8,78-9. 1678-9. 1678-9,79-80. 1678-9,79-80. 1679-80. 1679-80,80-1. 1679-80,80-1. 1680-1. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving,the office of Master, in the- years — 1670-1. 1671-2. 1672-3. 1672-3. 1673-4. 1674-5. 1674-5. 1674-5. 1674-5. 1674-5. 1675-6. 1676-7. 1677-8. 1678-9. 1678-9. 1679-80. 1680-1. 1681-2. 1681-2. 1680-1. 1681-2. 1682-3. 1682-3. 1683-4. 1685. 1685-6. 1686-7. 1687-8. 1687-8. 1688-9. 1688-9. 1689, &C 1689-90. 1689-90. 1689-90.. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1157 MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Mr. Thomas Freston, Robert Kay, John Bret, Jun. Peter Proby, Christopher Pit, Richard Taylor, George Torriano, Benjamin Spier, Richard Cawthorne, Henry Collier, John Bent, Michael Gregson. Thomas Hatchet, Hugh Noden, Sir William (afterwards Lord) Craven, Thomas Dorwin, Esq, Aid. Mr. John Page, Henry Dewey, Robert Swann, Christopher Rigby, John Kent, Sir Robert Bedingfield, Aid. Sheriff 1702, Lord Mayor 1707, Mr. Thomas Pendleton. Joseph Greenhill. William Sare, •Robert Hooker, Sir Edward Clarke, Knt. & Sheriff 1690, Lord Mayor 1697, Sir Joseph Smart, Aid. Sheriff 1698, Mr. Edward Wills, Michael Rolls, Nicholas Ashton, Sir Andrew Mackdowgal, Knt. Major Thomas Cuthbert, Mr. James Smith, Francis Brind, Esq. Gent, of his Maj.'s PryCham, Mr. Daniel Royse, John Roe, Henry Lewes, Thomas Barnes, Joseph Greenhill, William Barrett. Isaac Lambert. Thomas Savage, Synion Ruddock, Symon Snell, Edward Rigby. Joseph Cox. William Crouch. Henry Berresford. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Warden, in the years — 1680-1. 1680-1,81-2. 1680-1,81-2. 1681-2, 82-3. 1681-2,82-3. 1682-3, 83-4. 1682-3,83-4,84-5. 1683-4. 1683-4,84-5. 1684-5,85-6. 1684-5,85-6. 1685-6,86-7. 1685-6,86-7. 1686-7,87-8. 1686-7,87-8. 1687-8. 1687-8. 1687-8. 1687-8,89-90. 1687-8. 1688-9. 1688-9,89-90. 1688-9. Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of Blaster, in the years— 1688-9. 1688-9, 89-90. 1689-90. 1689-90. 1689-90. 1689-90,90-1. 1690-1. 1690-1,91-2. 1690-1,91-2. 1691-2. 1691-2,92-3. 1691-2,92-3. 1691-2. 1692-3. 1692-3. 1693-4. 1698-9,1700-1 1692-3. 1695-6. 1697-8. 1690-1. 1694-5. 1695-6. 1695-6. 1696-7. 1698-9. 1699-1700. 1701-2. 1.158 THE HISTORY OP MEMBERS OP THE COURT. Mr. John Cradock. Robert Master. Major Williams, Mr. William Barrett, George Day, Robert White, Abraham Moone. Joshua Brookes, John Wyley, Nicholas Heygate, John Bateman, Samuel Hinton. Richard Holder. Henry Mitchell John Jones Edward Fenwick, Joseph Wright, Ambrose Davenport, William Saunders, Evan Evans, Richard Holder, Francis Ellerker, Major Joseph Broomer, Captain Edward Le Neave, Mr. Nicholas Charleton, Thomas Fox, Robert Baker, William Penrice, Francis Burdett, William Fitzhughes, John Bishop, James Grinwin, Edward Rigby, Jerningham Chaplin, Joseph Brock, William Wythers, Thomas Salter, John Tucker. John Reynolds, Colonel John Adams, Mr. Samuel Ongly, Richard Edmondson, Colonel William Blemerhasset. Mr. Peter Joy, Sir John Ward, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1715, Lord Mayor 1719, Mr. John Strainge, Deputy John Wright, Mr. Roger Atlee, William Broughton. Thomas Powell, Chosen to serve, of Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to fine for fine for not serving, the office of not serving,the office Warden, in the vears — of Master, in the years — 1692-3. 1692-3. 1701-2. 1702-3,3-4. 1692-3,93-4. 1692-3,93-4. 1704-5. 1693-4,94-5. 1693-4,94-5. 1694-5. 1694-5,95-6. 1704-5. 1705-6. 1695-6. 1695-6,96-7. 1705-6. 1695-6,96-7. 1705-6. 1695-6. 1705-6,7-8. 1696-7. 1696-7,97-8. 1696-7,97-8. 1708-9. 1697-8,98-9. 1697-8,98-9. 1708-9,9-10, 1697-8. 1709-10. 1698-9,99-1700. 1698-9,99-1700. 1698-9. 1708-9. 1699-1700. 1699-1700,1700-1. 1699-1700. 1708-9. 1700-1. 1707-8. 1700-1. 1710-11. 1700-1,1-2. 1700-1,1-2. 1711-12. 1701-2,2-3. 1701-2,2-3. 1702-3,3-4. 1706-7. 1702-3,3-4. 1711-12. 1703-4. 1709-10. 1703-4. 1709-10. 1703-4. 1711-12. 1703-4,4-5. 1712-13. 1703-4,4-5. 1713-14. 1704-5,5-6. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL. 1159 MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Mr. John Pettit, John Chadwick, John Henley, Michael Foster, Deputy John Sherbrook, Mr. Thomas Mills, Richard Cock, James Tutt, Edward Staverton, Thomas Curtis, Isaac Cocks, George Gervase, Major Joseph Wandell, Mr. Roger Mott, John Forman, Charles Torriano, Simon Deacon, John Medley, Rowland Tryon, David Prole, Joseph Jackson, Benjamin Hill, John Hollister, John Kidd, Stephen Seigniorett, Walter Kent, William Crossfield, John Williams, Charles Savage, Robert Paine, John Harris, Thomas Harris, James Ball, Major Thomas Pitts, Sir John Blunt, Bart. Mr. Benjamin Bradley, John Cowper, Daniel Legg, John Amy, Charles Hooper. Abel Skiney, Matthias Prime, John Garlick, John Hassell, Joseph Dovee, William Drake, Giles Middle, Sir Charles Potts, Mr. Adam Mason, Thomas Vickers, William Boyfield, Chosen to serve, or Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to fiae for fine for not serving, the office of not serving,tbe office Warden, in the years— of Master, in the years — 1704-5,5-6. 1714-15. 1705-6,6-7. 1711-12. 1705-6,6-7. 1714-15. 1706-7. 1706-7. 1706-7,7-8. 1706-7,7-8. 1707-8. 1707-8. 1707-8. 1715-16. 1708-9. 1708-9. 1712-13. 1708-9. 1715-16. 1708-9,9-10. 1716-17. 1708-9,9-10. 1717-18. 1709-10. 1709-10. 1709-10. 1709-10. 1709-10,10-11. 1709-10,10-11. 1710-11,11-12. 1710-11,11-12. 1711-12,12-13. 1711-12,12-13. 1718-19. 1712-13 - . , 1712-13. 1712-13. 1712-13. 1718-19. 1712-13. 1718-19. 1713-14. 1713-14. 1718-19. 1713-14,14-15. 1719-20. 1713-14,14-15. 1720-1. 1720-1. 1714-15,15-16. 1721-2. 1714-15,15-16. 1722-3. 1715-16,16-17. 1715-16,16-17. 1723-4. 1716-17,17-18. 1716-17,17-18. 1724-5 1717-18,18-19. 1717-18,18-19. 1725-6. 1718-19. 1718-19,19-20. 1718-19,19-20. 1726-7 1719-20. 1719-2(1,20-1. 1719-20,20-1. 1720-1,21-2. 1727-8. 1160 THE HISTORY OP Chosen to . serve, or Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to fine for MEMBERS OF THE COURT. line for not serving, the office of not serving.the office Warden, in the years— of Master, in the years — Mr. William Gould, 1720-1,21-2. 1728-9. John Jenkins, 1721-2,22-3. Joseph Dawson, 1721-2,22-3. 1729-30. Adam Roberts, 1722-3,23-4. Jeremiah Murden, 17S2-3, 23-4, 24-5. Thomas Clarke, 1723-4. Samuel Ashurst, 1723-4,24-5. 1730-1. Sir John Salter, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1734, Lord Mayor 1740. 1731-2. Mr. Joshua Feary, 1724-5,25-6. Richard Nash, 1724-5,25-6. 1732-3. Joseph Locker, 1725-6,26-7. 1733-4. Deputy William Pomeroy, 1725-6,26-7. 1734-5. Deputy Samuel Tatem, 1726-7,27-8. 1735-6. Mr. Richard Vickers, 1726-7,27-8, 1736-7. Thomas Steed, 1727-8,28-9. Edmoud Lewin^ 1727-8,28-9. 1738-9. William Marsland, 1728-9,29-30. Theophilus Dillingham, 1728-9,29-30. 1739-40. Joseph Dandridge, 1729-30,30-1. 1740-1. Richard Gines, 1729-30,30-1. 1741-2. James Bradley, 1730-1,31-2. John Hollister, 1730-1,31-2. 1741-2. Samuel Lessingham, 1731-2,32-3. 1742-3. Deputy William Townsend, 1731-2,32-3. 1743-4. Mr. James Coulter, 1732-3,33-4. George Streatfield, 1732-3,33-4. 1744-5. Thomas Holding, 1733-4,34-5. John Picton, 1733-4, 34-5. 1745-6. John Martin, 1734-5,35-6. Joseph Nash, 1734-5,35-6. Edward Roberts, 1735-6,36-7. Sir Robert Westley, Knt.&Ald. Sheriff 1733, Lord Mayor 1744, 1735-6. 1737-8. Deputy William Dawson, 1735-6,36-7. 1746-7. Mr. Timothy Colston, 1736-7,37-8. 1747-8. Daniel Lei;, 1736-7,37-8. 1748-9. Thomas Oyles 1737-8,38-9. Henry Watts, 1737-8,38-9. 1749-50. Caleb Baker, 1738-9,39-40. William Bramson, 1738-9,39-40. 1750-1. John Hassell, 1739-40,40-1. Samuel Herring, 1739-40,40-1. 1751-2. John Harbin, 1740-1,41-2. James Dandridge, 1740-1,41-2. 1752-3. John Morris, 1741-2,42-3. Allen Evans, 1741-2,42-3. 1753-4. Charles Polhill, 1742-3,43-4. Henry Cowling, 1742-3,43-4. 1754-5. Robert Powney, 1743-4,44-5. William Upfokl, 1743-4,44-5. 1755-6. MERCHA'NT-f A^LORs' SCHOOL. llfri MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Mr. Thomas Dickens, John Pickering, Jacob Chitty, Caleb Flower, Henry Pomeroy, William Staples, Joseph Stiles, James Vernon, Sir John Torriano, Bart. Sheriff 1754, Mr. Joseph Lewin. Benjamin Fuller, Richard Neave, William Banister, Frazer Honeywood, John Harvey, Ive Whitbread, William Jesser, Bartholomew Pomeroy, Thomas Rogers, James Wallis, Gearing Roberts, James Vere, Nathaniel Nash, Esq. Aid. Mr. James Roberts, Philip Glass, John Roberts, Dowell Chessey, William Gyles, Leaver Legg, Joseph Dyer, Nathaniel Martin, Thomas Nash, Thomas Roberts, John Sabatier, James Walton, Thomas Streatfield, George Gines, Philip Pindar, John Van Sommer, Stephen Todd, John Brome, Thomas Plestow, Joseph Kinder, William Shenton, Edward Robarts, John Davenport, Thomas Pewtress, William Dawson, Samuel Ford, Edward George, James Saunders, Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving, the office of "Warden, in the years — 1744-5. 1744-5,45-6. 1744-5,45-6. 1745-6,46-7. 1745-6,46-7. 1746-7,47-8. 1746-7,47-8. 1747-8,48-9. 1747-8,48-9. 1748-9,49-50. 1748-9,49-50. 1749-50,50-1. 1749-50,50-1. 1750-1,51-2. 1750-1,51-2. 1751-2,52-3. 1751-2,52-3. 1752-3,53-4. 1752-3,53-4. 1753-4,54-5. 1753-4,54-5. 1754-5,55-6. 1754-5,55-6. 1755-6,56-7. 1755-6,56-7, 1756-7,57-8. 1756-7,57-8. 1757-8,58-9. 1757-8,58-9. 1758-9,59-60. 1758-9,59-60. 1759-60,60-1. 1759-60,60-1. 1760-1,61-2. 1760-1,61-2. 1761-2,62-3. 1761-2,62-3. 1762-3,63-4. 1762-3,63-4. 1763-4,64-5. 1763-4,64-5. 1764-5,65-6. 1764-5,65-6. 1765-6,66-7. 1765-6,66-7. 1766-7,67-8. 1766-67,67-8. 1767-8,68-9. 1767-8,68-9. 1768-9,69-70. 7 I Chosen to serve, or admitted to fine for not serving,the office of Master, in the years — 1757-8. 1756-7. 1757-8. 1758-9-. 1760-1. 1761-2. 1762-3. 1763-4. 1764-5. 1759-60. 1764. 1765-6. 1765^-6. 1766-7. T707-«. 1768-9. 1768-9. 1768^9. 1769-70. 1770-4. 1770-il. 1770J1. 1771-2. 1772-3. 1773-4. 1774-5. 1775-6. 1776-7. 1776-7. 1162 THE HISTORY 01? MEMBERS OF THE COURT. Mr. John Johnson, Peter Perchard, Thomas Geeve, Miles Stringer, Joseph Leeds, David Thomas, James Vere, Jun. Jasper Gale Middleton, John Rogers, William Power, Thomas Davis, Nathaniel Clarkson, Thomas Crew, Thomas Milward, James Atkinson, George Street, John Muggeridge, Bernard Gould, William Anderson, William Deane, John Brome, Jun. John Berney, Guy Warwick, John Bonus, Nathaniel Allen, James Robson, John Hopkins, Benjamin White, William- White, George Dance, John Rogers, Jonathan Eade, Thomas Roberts, Jun.. Alexander Ranken, Michael Eaton, James Waghorn, John Hounsom, John- Beatson, James Woodmason,. Joseph Bushnan, John Field, WjHiani Crockett, John Reade, Thomas Bourdillon,, Thomas Styan, Wijliam Johnson, Henry Pigeon, John Thompson, William Lloyd, Samuel Dobree, Gale Middleton, Chosen to serve, or Chosen to serve, or admitted to admitted to fine for fine for not serving, the i affiee o£ not serving.the office ■Warden, in the years — of Master, in the- years — 1768-9,69-70. 1769-70,70-1. 1769-70,70-1. 1777-8. 1770-1,71-2. 1778-9. 1770-1,71-2. 1782-3. 1771-2,72-3. 1779-80. 1771-2,72-3. 1780-1. 1772-3,73-4. 1772-3,73-4. 1780-1. 1773-4,74-5. 1780^1. 1773-4,74-5. 1780-1. 1774-5,75-6. 1781-2. 1774-5,75-6. 1775-6,76-7. 1775-6,76-7. 1783-4. 1776-7,77-8. 1784-5. 1776-7,77-8. 1784-5. 1777-8,78-9. , > 1777-8, 7-89, 1805-6, 6-7. 1785-6. 1778-9,79-80. 1786-7. 1778-9, 79-80. 1787-8. 1779-80,80-1. 1788-9. 1779-80,80-1. 1789-90. 1780-1,81-2. ; 1780-1,81-2,1805-6,6-7. 1790-1. .1781-2,82-3. 1791-2. 1781-2,82-3. 1792-3: 1782-3,83-4. 1793-4. 1782-3,83-4. 1793-4. 1783-4,84-5. 1794-5. 1783-4,84-5. 1795-6. 1784-5, 85-6,1806-7, 7-8. 1796-7. 1784-5, 85-6, 1806-7, 7-8.. 1797-8. 1785-6, 86--7. 1 1785-6,86-7,1807- -8,8-9. 1798-9. 1786-7, 87-8. 1786-7, 87-8. 1799-1800. 1787-8,88-9. s 1787-8,88-9. 1800. 1788-9, 89-90. 1788-9, 89-90, 1807-8, 8-9i 1800-1. 1789-90,90-1. 1789-90,90-1. 1801-2. 1790-1,91-2,1808- -9,9-10. 1802-3. 1790-1, 91-2, 1808-9, 9-10. 1803. 1791-2,92-3. 1791-2,92-3,1809- -10,10-11. 1803-4. 1792-3,93-4,1809 -10,10-11. 1804-5. 1792-3,93-4,1810- -11,11-12. 1805-6, 1793-4, 94-5, 1810-11,11-12. 1806-7. 1793-4,94-5. 1809. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1163 •. nq ••■s.)ili i'u>'. &TEMBERS 07 THE COURT. flJi..".' , Chosen to serve, or admitted to ' ' fine for not serving, the office of , , Warden, in the years— 1794-5,95-6. 1794-5,95-6. 1795. 1793-6,96-7. i( '179546^96^-7. . ,1796-7,97-8. 1796-7,97-8. 1797-8,98-9. 1797-8, 98-9, 1811-12, 12-13. 1798-9,99-1800. 1798-9, 99-1800, 11-12, 12-13. 1799-1800,1800-1. 1799-1800,1800-1. 1800. 1800-1, 1-2. 1800-1,1-2. 1801-2,2-3. 1801-2,2-3. 1802-3,3-4. 1802-3,3-4. 1803-4,4-5. 1803-4,4-5. 1804; 1804-5,5-6. 1804-5,5-6. 1808. Chosen , to serve, or admitted to fine tor not. serving,the office of Master, , ill the ytars — ,; ' . 1807 8j, 1705. Mr. Thomas Walters, -., George Vaudef Neunburg, s Wiljiatn Lushingtoh, Esq. Aid. Mr. Thomas Bell, : 'i ' ' " William Cooper, . no ;..-.».: , Stephen Jarvis, . 1U \ •. Francis Nalder, William Wood Watson, John Hartnell, Abraham Robottom Cloilder, John Leopard, William Hay ward, William Thompson, John Ansley, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1805, Lord Mayor 1807, Mr. Thomas James Allen, Deputy William Child, Deputy Samuel Hutchinson, Mr. William Clarke, Thomas Dallisson, James Browne, Richard Donne, John Hanbury, Sir Claudius Stephen Hunter, Knt. & Aid. Sheriff 1808, Lord Mayor 1811, Mr. Henry Llewellin, John Bus well, 1804-5,5-6. 1814-15. John Atkins, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1809, 1808. 1808. John Silvester, Esq. Recorder of London, 1803, 1811. 1811. William Heygate, Esq. Aid. Sheriff 1811, 1811. • 1811. Mr. Andrew John Nash, 1812-13,13-14. Coles Child, 1812-13,13-14. George Augustus Nash, < 1813-1 4, 14-15. William Costeker, 1813-14,14-15. William Gilpin, 1814-15. 1808. 1808. 1808. 1808-9. 1809-10. 1810-11. 1800. 1811-12. 1812-13. 1813. 1818. 1813-14. 1804. fy m&Mtosiv iv'pti^ tf , A considerable number of the Patrons recorded in this .List were educated at Mer- chant-Taylors' School ; but, as it is impossible, at this distance of time, to ascertain all the individuals with sufficient precision, it has been thought advisable not to intro- duce the marks of distinction, resorted to in the preceding part of the work, among the Members of the Court. In the. name of generations past, present, and to come, I thank them all for having upheld an establishment of such importance to the " Educacon and bringing up of children in good manners and Trature." At the same time I cannot but express, on behalf of my readers, the particular obligations we are under to that " auntient and worthy maister of the Company," Robert Dowe, who 7i2 1164 THE HISTORY OF devised " the Register of the Schoole's Probation," to which these pages are indebted for much of their historical accuracy and authority. During his mastership, he expe- rienced an. afflicting dispensation of Providence in the untimely death of a son, who was the delight of his brothers at home, of his master at school, and of his tutors at the University, as appears from the following inscription on a pillar in the north tran- sept of Christ Church Cathedral at Oxford, under the representation of a man kneeling before a desk, (on which there lies an open book, cut on a brass plate :) out of his mouth a scroll issuing, inscribed— Mihi vita Christus, mori lucrum. Henrico Dowo Londini nato, Bristoliae apud materteram educato, Divse Elizabeth* Serenissimav Anglis Reginae sumptibus Oxonii ad spem literarum enutrito, ejusque jnssu hujus Christi Ecclesiae> Alumno facto xxn Aprilis 1576: In qua duos annos et sex menses in Uteris consnraserat, omnium bonarum Artiwm et linguarum stud'iosissimo juveni, omnium generum atque ordiuum hominibus charissimo, dulcissimo, jucundissimo, Artium Baccalaureo renuntiato, cum infra istas Mdes aegrotare- cepisset, et in Collegium Omnium Animarum ad fratrem suum Robartum valetudinis sua recuperandae- causa transiisset, ibidem xxm Oclobrjs An. Dom. 1578, astatis suae xxi, incyredibili omnium cum, mcerore mortuo, Robartus Dow Mercator Scissor Londinensis, et Lettisa uxor ejus, obsequentissimo filio desiderii memores parentes posuerunt. Arms. — Sab. a Fess indented Erm. between three Doves close Arg. beaked and legged Gules,, surcharged? whh a Crescent for difference* Crest.— A Dove close.. On a brass plate lying on the ground under the aforesaid inscription, were these verses,, as given by the Editor of Wood in his Colleges and Halls, p. 483» Robartus Dowe demortui frater. Quanta spe juvenem ? vix fas ita dicere fratri, Sed fratri decus est dicere frater erat. Thomas Dowe demortui frater. Has fratri ipferias, fraterni signa doloris,. Haec ankni tristis conscia metra cano* Richardus Dowe demortui frater. " Omnibus statem concedo fratribus ; atqui Omnibus hie fecit me dolor esse paremv Johannes Reynoldes Tutor primus. Quid mea musa tibt tanta canet indole dignum ? Nate Deo, Musis- alte, recepte polo? Johannes. Hprden Tutor secundus. Quicquid in egregi£,poterat spes indole, cessit' Huic juveni, expertus' prxdico, Tutor eram.. Richardus Mulcaster Praeceptor. Qualis in Autumno, Judex Academia, certfe Nobilis in primo Palmite Gemma fuit. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1165 A GENEALOGICAL ACCOUNT OF SOME OF THE FAMILIES DERIVED FROM BEDO DEE; All whose Descendants, if educated at Merchant-Taylors' or Peterborough School, are entitled to the Fellowship at St. John's College, Cambridge, by Virtue of their Consanguinity to Bishop Dee, the Founder of it* The following Tables of Descent are inserted in this place, with a view of pointing out some traces of the Wood of the great Bedo Dee, in order to facilitate the enquiries of those Merchant-Taylors who may be inclined to become candidates for the fellowship at St. John's College, Cambridge, on the claim of collateral * In order to prevent any fruitless applications from scholars, not of the name or kin of the founder, I shall here subjoin the leading papers in the case of the Rev. Henry Bishop, the result of whose Appeal to the Bishop of Ely, as Visitor of the College, is stated at "***" No. I. To the Honourable and Eight Reverend Father in God James Lord Bishop of Ely, Visitor of the College of Saint John the Evangelist, in the University of Cambridge. The humble Petition and Appeal of the Reverend Henry Bishop, A. B. of the said College, Sheweth, That the Right Reverend Father in God Francis, (Dee) Lord Bishop of Peterborough, did, by his will; dated 28th May, 1638, devise the lease of the Rectory or Parsonage, appropriate of Pagham in Sussex, after his wife's decease, unto his good friends the Master and Seniors of Saint John's College, — " Always provided that this gift and grant is upon condition that the said College " shall found in my name two fellowships and two scholarships, and shall for ever maintain one Fellow and one Scholar of the house " of my kindred or of my name, if any such shall be fit, and shall be offered to them at their elections, either from Merchant- " Taylors' School in London or from Peterborough School." That, by an agreement, dated 11th March, 1672-3, between the Right Reverend Joseph, [Henshaw] Lord Bishop of Peterborough, and the said College,, for the settlement of Bishqp Dee's fellowships, it is stated and declared as follows :— " Forasmuch as the Master and 1166 the History of consanguinity with his descendant Francis Dee, Bishop of Peterborough, the founder. This qualification " Fellows of the said College have clearly demonstrated unto the said Right Reverend Joseph, Lord Bishop, that the" clear yearly " value of the premises devised is too scant a revenue to maintain the appointment of the Testator, now know ye that the said Right " Reverend Father in God Joseph, doth hereby declare that he doth hereby consent and approve that the said Master and Fellows do " and may, in lieu of the said two fellowships and two scholarships, confirm and settle one fellowship and two scholarships, in the name " of the late Reverend Father in God Francis, to be for elected and enjoyed according to the appointment pf his will, and no other- " ways." -. That, on the 18th day of the same month of March, John Wright, of Uppingham School, was admitted Fellow on this foundation. (N.B. This was the first election ; and as a person from Merchant-Taylors' School was elected into an open fellowship the very year before, it is probable that no one from that or Peterborough School was a candidate.) That, from the year 1685 until the 11th of March, 1788, the admissions on Bishop Deb's foundation have been uniformly made from Merchant-Taylors' and Peterborough Schools, as will appear to your Lordship from the annexed List of Admissions taken from the College Books. That, on the 15th of- October, 1772, this fellowship being vacant, John Fisher, formerly of Peterborough School, but then of Peter- house College, was admitted of the College, and, in the March following, elected a Fellow- on Bishop Dee's foundation. That, on the 1 1th of March, 1788, Daniel Bayley, who was of Peterborough School, was (for reasons unknown to your Petitioner) elected into an open fellowship; and at the same time Edmund Outram, of Manchester School, was elected Felfow on Bishop Dee's foundation. (N.B. This is the first attempt on the part of the College to make this an open fellowship; but as the Testator says "they shall for ever maintain one Fellow and one Scholar of the house, &c. your Petitioner humbly conceives that this cannot be made an open fellowship.) That your Petitioner was admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School on the 12th 6f January, 1790, and left it in March, 1796, a certifi- cate of which, and of his good conduct, your Petitioner has under the hand of the present Master. That, at the election of Fellows in April last, conceiving himself to be a fit and properly qualified person, your Petitioner offered himself as a candidate for Bishop Dee's fellowship ; but Robert Remmett, notwithstanding he was neither of Merchant-Taylors' or Peterborough School, was elected thereto ; of the illegality of which election your Petitioner protests, and doth hereby crave leave to complain and appeal to your Lordship. That it appears to your Petitioner (but with great deference to your Lordship he makes the observation) to have been the intention pf Bishop, Dee to benefit Merchant-Taylors' and Peterborough Schools as well as his own kindred, seeing it is required that the claimant be of one of those schools ; and surely, if it be not in the power of the College to carry into effect the whole, your Petitioner trusts it will seem reasonable to your Lordship that they should apart, or as much as they possibly can, of the Testator's will. That, from the annexed List of admissions, it appears that no person of the name of the Right Reverend Testator has been admitted Fellow on his foundation: and it is not known to your Petitioner, from the best enquiries he has been able to make, that any person of his kindred has been so admitted. That your Petitioner is informed that Mr. Reirfmelt is no more of kin to the Bight Reverend Testator than is your Petitioner. That your Petitioner, as having been of Merchant-Taylors' School, had a qualification which Mr. Remmett certainly had not; and therefore he thinks himself aggrieved by the Master and Seniors having elected that gentleman into the fellowship; seeing that the College did uniformly, for above a century, elect persons from the two schools, without paying any regard to their being of the name or kindred of the Right Reverend Testator. Your Petitioner humbly intreats your Lordship to take the matters above-stated into consideration ; and if it shall appear from them that your Petitioner's claim to the fellowship is preferable to that ef Mr. Remmett's, your Lordship will be pleased to declare that gentleman's election void, and to appoint your Petitioner to the fellowship. And your Petitioner, as in duty bound, will ever pray, &c. Signed at Colchester, in the county of Essex, the 19th day of July, 1802, in the presence of Henry Bishop. DANIEL SUTTON, Jun. Nptary Public, duly appointed. merchant-Taylors' scho6l. 1167 is now indeed absolutely necessary to every competitor from Merchant-Taylors'; and to make the way, to Name. County. Wright, JqIid, Huntingdon. Newton, John, Lincolnshire. Hargreaves, John, Northampton. .Reynolds,James, Cambridgeshire. Treeeia, Joseph, Middlesex. Grigman,Stephen, Do. Yardley, Edward, Do. Robinson,Thomas, Lincolnshire, Laxtoh, Robert, Northampton. Ellis, William, Middlesex. Fevargue, Stephen, Cambridgeshire. Fisher, John, Middlesex. Outram, Edmund, Derbyshire; Remmett, Robert, Devonshire. School. Uppingham.* Peterborough. Do. Feb. 24, 1692 Merchant-Taylors' Sept. 4, 1697. When admitted of the College. When admitted Fellow. Feb. 19, (1667 March 18, 1672-3. Old Style) 1668. page 334. June 10, 1678. April 8, 1685. page 338. Mar. 19, 1699- page 346. Mar. 24, 1707. page 350. June 29, 1706. April 7, 1712. page 5. Oct. 20, 1711. April 9, 1717. page 9. July 7, 1714. Mar. 28, 1721. page 11. May 25, 1727. Mar. 13, 1732. page 29. May 3, 1749. Mar. 22, 1742-3. page 19. Merchant-Taylors' Mar. 19, 1747. April 10, 1753. page 25. Peterborough. Jan. 30, 1754. Mar. 25, 1760. page 32. Do. Oct. 15, 1772. "IMar. 30, 1773. A.B. fromPeterhouse. J page 40. Manchester. t Feb. 26, 1784. Mar. 11, 1788.. Do. Do. Do. Peterborough. Do. April 6, 1802. On what foundation. Pro. Episc. Petrob. Do. Do. Mr . Newton. Do. Hargreaves Do. Reynolds. Do. TREBELL.//A Do. Grig man. Do. Yardley. Do. Robinson. Do. Laxton. Do. Ellis. Do. Fevargue, Do. Fisher. Do. Outram. No. II. We, the Master and Senior Fellows of the College of Saint John the Evangelist, submit to the Honourable and Right Reverend the Lord Bishop of Ely, our Visitor, with all due respect, the following Answer to an Appeal exhibited against us by the Reverend Henry Bishop, A.B. of the said College. We do admit that the said Appeal contains a correct copy of the devise in Bishop Dee's will, and of the agreement between our • said College and the Right Reverend Joseph, Lord Bishop of Peterborough ; but, with great deference to the opinion of your Lord- ship, we humbly contend that the pretensions of the Appellant cannot be supported either by the express words or the fair construction of that devise. We humbly submit to your Lordship, that the Testator intended by adding the words, " if any such shall be fit, " and shall be offered to them at their elections, either from the Merchant-Taylors' School in London or from Peterborough School,'' to restrain the preference which he had given to those of his own kindred and name, and to render it dependent on the condition of their coming from one or the other of those schools. The passage in question does not, as we humbly conceive, setup anew description of claimants; but annexes a further qualification to those who were before pointed out : — Had a candidate offered' him- self, answering the very description of the will, and being both of the Testator's name and kin, and also coming from one of those schools, we apprehend that we should have been even then at liberty to enquire into his fitness, and to reject him if he appeared to us unfit to be a Fellow. If he had been of the name or kin, but not educated at either of those schools, however we might be inclined to prefer the descendant of a benefactor to the College to an indifferent person equally well qualified, yet, as he would not have answered the description, we humbly conceive that we should have been under no sort of obligation to elect him. If we are right in these suppositions, much less could we consider ourselves bound to elect Mr. Bishop, who rested his claim solely on his coming from one of those schools. It appeared to us that the words in the will relating to those schools had no other effect than farther to * At the admission of Fellows preceding March 18, 1672-3, Fhancts Feakn, of Derbyshire, and of Merchant-Taylors' School, was admitted Fellow, — tiz. on March 26, 1672, on Mr. Baily's foundation. — Page 333. He was admitted of the College, Jane 17, 1667. t Daniel Bayley, of the county of Huntingdon, who had been of Peterborough -School,, was admitted Fellow March 11, 1788.. He was elected and admitted Fellow before Mr, Edmund Outram. ll&J THE HISTORY OF success more plain, as well as to widen it, where it can property be dorie, will, it is hoped, beno unacceptable limit the description of persons entitled to claim, by requiring that besides being of the Testator's name or kin, (which we thought absolutely essential to the validity of any claim under the will,) they should also come from one of the schools aforesaid. We, the said Master and Senior Fellows, do further admit that persons from one of those schools have been almost invariably* elected to the fellowship in question until the election of Edmund Outram in 1788. But, in the first place, we do not conceive that a -practice, which the College might choose to follow, even for a much greater length of time than lias elapsed in the present instance, would bind us to a similar practice now: And, secondly, it is extremely material for your Lordship to be informed, that, until the election last aforesaid, we had always acted on an erroneous copy of the will, by which a preference was -given to the Testator's name or kin, and in default of both, to persons educated at one of the schools aforesaid. Having procured a correct extract from the will, and duly considered the same, we thought ourselves not obliged to allow any claim of preference to persons educated at either of those schools, unless they were also of the kindred or name of the founder. With this opinion on the subject, we, after having exercised our best judgment on the respective merits of the candidates, thought ourselves called upon to elect Mr. Outram to this fellowship in 1788. Ouv anxiety, however, to execute the trust reposed in us with fidelity, led us to seek a better guide for our future conduct than any unlearned opinion which we might ourselves have formed. We, therefore, in the year ; 17<)0, consulted the learned gentleman, who now fills the office of Judge 'of the Admiralty, laying before him an extract of the will and agreement, corresponding literally with that which is slated in the Appellant's Petition. And we were advised by him that the will gave no preferable right to persons educated at Merchant-Taylors' or Peterborough School, who were not of the founder's kindred or name, and that a practice, deficient as this was in its original foundation, could not confer such a right.f We do not presume to offer the opinion of any person, however able and eminent, as fit to have the least weight in directing your Lordship's judgment,' but merely to show your Lordship that we did not proceed in the late election without the fullest deliberation and the best advice. The only ground then of comparison between Mr. Remmett and Mr. Bishop as candidates for the vacant fellowship appearing to be that of their i - especlive merits, we had no hesitation in preferring Mr. Remmett, whose literary attainments were much superior to those of this opponent. Under these circumstances, we submit, with great deference to your Lordship's judgment, that the Appellant has not brought him- self within that description of persons to whom alone a preferable right is given by the will of the founder ; and if your Lordship shall be of that opinion, we humbly pray that your Lordship will be pleased to dismiss his Appeal, and establish Mr. Remmett in the fellow- ship to which we have elected him. No. III. Sir, Cambridge, 29th Nov. 1802. By the desire of the Reverend Henry Bishop's father, I send you a copy of the answer to the Appeal, in which the College seem to lay great stress on the opinion of Sir William Scott, taken the 9th of January, 1790, at the same time insinuating that that opinion will have no weight with his Lordship. The first query to Sir William Scott, and his opinion thereon, are as follows : Query.—" Whether a scholar from Merchant-Taylors' or Peterborough School hath a right, from the above cited clauses, (meaning " the one of Bishop Dee's will, and that of the agreement between the College and the Bishop of Peterborough,) to Bishop Dee's " fellowship, who is not of the Bishop's name or kin." Answer.—" I am of opinion, that a scholar of these schools, not being of the Bishop's name or kin, hath no right, under these " clauses, to the fellowship. The intention of the Bishop is clearly to benefit his own family, and the qualification which is added,— " viz. that the persons are to be of those schools, is nothing more than a limitation of that intention, and could not be construed by " any Visitor, or by any Court, to be a substantive benefaction to those schools that would entitle persons to be elected there, having " no connection with the family of the founder." The second query is certainly not put according to fact ; for the elections had been uniformly from the schools for upwards of a century, and the opinion seems to pay some respect to established custom.— They are as follows : Query 2d.— " Or, supposing such a scholar has not a right from the above cited clauses, whether he must not be supposed to have » A curious expression, as the first election is the only variance — R.V. f This is a very partial statement of the case and opinion.— RVV. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL, 3165) service to the School. Nor can the College have any reasonable cause of complaint, since the greater the number of candidates, the larger will be their choice at all future elections. " acquired a right from the practice of the College, in electing successively, for three or four of the last vacancies, a scholar from " one of the said schools into Bishop Dee's fellowship, though not of the Bishop's name or kin i" Answer. — " I do not think that the practice of the College could give a right to this fellowship, where the practice was deficient in *' its original foundation, even supposing that the practice was of some antiquity ; but a practice so modern as that of three or font " elections could not by any possibility have such an effect." The words in the w.ilj are cerjfcainly very strong ; but still, as the Reverend Testator was originally of Merchant-Taylors' School, and afterwards Bishop 1 of Peterborough, it is but reasonable to infer that he meant to benefit both schools, after failure, first of Jaii kindred and. then of people of his name ; for the words are, ",. of my kindred, or of my name." • The College seem confident of making this an open fellowship, and consider their uniforhi conduct of electing from the two schools as a mere oversight, whichlhey are at liberty to correct. t Mr- Bishop much hopes.for the countenance of the Court of Assistants. r • . J. , ,- , •* i y sin Sir* r - To the Rev. Mr. Cherry, &c,' ■» - » your obedient.humble servant, ■ •X . . RICHARD VITTY. Soon after the date of this Letter, the Visitor decided in favour of the College. ; = - '• ; -No. 1. - Y.r.: BEDO DEE, surnamed the Great,'' Standard Bearer to Lord deFerrars, at the seige of Tournay, A 1513. 1. 2. 3. Rowland Dee, Gentleman: "Sewer to Henry VIII. . imprisoned in the Tower, 1553. Johanna, daughter of William Wild. i5. Dr. John Dee,, of Mortlake, in the county of Surrey,=/arae, daughter of Bartholomew Chancellor of St. Paul's and Warden of Manchester | Froumound; of East Cheam, College, born 13 July 1527, died 1608, at Mort- I in the county of Surrey, lake. I Esq. Arthur Dee, eldest son, M.D.: Physician to King Cha s , I. born 13 July 1579, died at Norwich, A° 1651, buried at; St. George's Tomblands, there. See No. 2 -Isabell, daughter of Edw. Prest- wych, of Holme nearManchester, died 24 July; 1634. arm . John Dee, buried at St. Andrew's Undershaft, London, 27 Oct. 1617. _ Thomas Soame,=Prisca, men- George Dey,=Anne, daughter of Fincham, in the county of Norfolk, 1651. George Soame, 1664. tioned in her father's will, 1651. Ann, 1664 of the city of Norwich, Gent. 1664. of Christopher Godsalve, of • in the county of Nor- folk. Francis Dey, son and heir at. 10, 1664. Anne, 1664. 7 K Robert Dey,=Sarah, daughter of the city of • ofNorwich, "Skinner, joint apothecary. executrix with Will proved her daughter 30Oct.l651 Sarah to her husband's \Seifl _____ 1651. ■ "' ~ —-^ Sarah? joint — executrix with her mother to her father's will, 1651. r Other children, both sons and daughters. Joseph Dey, mentioned in his far ther's will, 1651. of Coatet, Thomas Coates, a minor, 1651. Susan, a minor, 1651. 1170 THE .history OE Prom No. 1. ,.N-P-- 2 - 3. Arthur Dee, MM:=IsaMb Ptcstmych, ob. 1651. .1 ol?. 1634, ; 4. I J I 1st, 2d, & 7th sons died young. 3 I Arthur Dee, of Amster- dam, mer- chant, bom 16 March 1608, mar- ried,, as ap- pears by his father's wiU in 1651. Rowland Dee, =zJane, daugh- of London, merchant, . . born 8 Sep. 1613, died A« 1687. r ttrof execvytrix to her hus- band's will in 1687 : ■ her will was proved in 1698. 5 \ tPUliam Dee, of Russia, : merchant, born 27 Aug. 1617. 6 I || Jdhh Dee,* Margaret, of Russia, born 1603, merchant, ' married , born 30 Abraham Mar.1619, Ashe, a living 165 J. Russia ' merchant. Maria, born > . . 1612. born 1605. Frances,, bom 1615; born 1614. ,11 : I, . ,?L , Jane,\ Isapell, Jnne K U>m 1621, was- wife of— Anguish, of^— ' A° 1651, and was, living in Rowland Dee,$ of London,=Elizabeth, Duncan Dee,§ of the=Mary, daughter merchant, born 25 Mar 1646 ; died 1698, without issue. executrix city of JLondoii, toherhus- Common Serjeant band's will of the said city;. 1698. born 3 Nov. 1657, t'h QllJU/fied A»1720, and ' J was buried in the parish of St. Mary Aldermanbury. of died 24 March 1728, at Stoke N^ewjngton, in the .county of Middlesex. Mary, executrix szThos. Flowerdew, to her mother, 1698. Issue. 6. Rowland Dee, Duncan Dee, Henry Dee, Iking in l698,=Sarah. Charles Dee,. 1698. died in Feb. 1725. | 1698. Jane, 1698. Sarah, a minor, 1725^. \ » Besides the members of the Dee family, whose admissions into Merchant-Taylors' School are mentioned in the Notes to, these, .Pages, there was a JofaN Dee under education there from 1633 to 1636 ; but, as the date of his birth is not recorded in the Probation Book, I can only Conjecture, from the age of his cotemporaries in the fourth and fifth Forms, that this was the person : at the same time, as it appears from, the Bishop's will, that his nephew John (vide Table 3, — 2.) was under twenty-four years of age in the year 1638, it is not impossible that he was the John Dee; who; after pursuing his education at Merchant-Taylors' for three years, left the School in 1636. t From the will of Arthur Dee, proved in 1651, it appears he had three daughters married to persons of the names of Anguish, Grymes, and Fowell'. I have discovered frem the wi)Lof Jane Dee in 1698, that il was Anne who married Anguish} but cannot find out which of them were the wives of Grymes and Fowell. t Admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School, 12 May 1658. ..''.' ' § Admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School, 12 April \67i.pllo6,, fl &J ,;.-' , J MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. im No. 3. .oA moil DAVID DEE, of the county of Salop : = Martia, daughter » stiled, in the Herald'svisifation of the of John Rogers. county of Sussex,* A» 1634, " one of the grandchildren of GreatBedoDee," -Rector -of -Great - Sfe- Bartholomew *s, London, wherehe was huried 3 Feb. 1619-2,0. '" ■>■'• " ■ ••• Jstwife: i f^ Susan, daughter= Francis Dee,|- D.D of N icholas Ie- Porcque, who was descended frorii the Ro- man family of the Portii. ,V r >' n'J son, Fellow of, St. Johji's College, Cambridge* > gnd founder; of two fellowships there, Lord Bishop of Peter- borough, died 8 Oct. 1638. 1 2d wife., eldest— Elizabeth, daughter ohn . .of; John Winter, Prebendary ofCan- terbury : remar-' ried to Humphrey ■, Orme, of Peter- borough, Esq; ■•-• • John Dee, of Edmon-. ton, Com.; Middlesex, 2d son, mar-; ried Elizabeth Hinckes:-he died 1647 — DanieljDee, died before 1638, mar- ried, and left issue : Sybylla, married to Spal- dinge, and had issue. 2. r Adrian Dee, J only son, M. A. born 1 Dec. 1607, canon , ' residentiary of Chichester^ 1633: died 8 May 1638, : unmarried. \ Mary, only daughter, married — first, to the Rev.Wm. Greenhill, D.Di Rector of Pey- kirke & Walgrave in "Com. Northamptony- .e d| J r ,,tpJohnWright,pf ■ ■ Brixworth ip the same • couBty,i Gent, she died 17 Dec. 1670, set. 63, without issue. ' Jane, only child, marriedllichard Billedge, citizen of London, and of Edmonton' in - the. county of Middlesex: he diedi668. = r r I rj i > John Dee, Lawrence,. Thomas, Denys, Elizabeth, living 1638. 1638. 1638. 1638. 1638. See Note*, p. 1170. 3. / .._ John Billedge,=Jane, his -only son, ; wife, I668v 1668. iabe EMzabeth, wife of //Francis Martin, in 1668. Jane, 1668. Meliora, wife of Edward Clayton, Gent. 1668. Sarah, 1668. Susan, wife; of . John Lud- well, Gent. Jane, daughter of Thos. ueer=Tho>n.as Urrey, of Drayton, also of Boseham in Sussex,, neptiew to bishop 'Dey': she" was second wife to Thomas Urrey.— Visitations of Hants inColl.Arm.Lond. r of. Thorley Tie-, Isle >faght. Thomas Urrey, only son, of Gatcombe, in the Isle of Wight. See No. 4. • According to this account David would range on a line with the celebrated Dr. John Dee, of Mortlake, (vide Table 1, 2 :) but whether as son •f Rowland or a brother of his, I have not been able to ascertain positively, t Having been admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School before the institution of the Probation, the precise date cannot be ascertained. X Admitted into Merchant-Taylors* School, 27 March 16S0. 7 K 2 1172 = 100 /irfE HISTORY OS: From No. 3. ■No. 4. Thomas Urrey,' of Gatcombe, = EtShtttf^i. daughter and sole Davi :--. .jjoH mis . only ton of Thos, Urrey' and Jane JDey his '3d *wife; /obifc circai 1671. >■■ ■ .'J i. ksi .'heir. !o£. Richard Oviatt, of Highwood in the county of on. the isle of Wight.' * ? - Calebs 1686. "A merchant, J686i -u.at htrtl i ".. t - tiridbtt. i bfert,'>a? of Wight, . •') ,« t Jfixii.-I fa' ., I i -o [nn i it hipping- 1686. ham in the i •cai Islec* Wight,; -.) ob.circ.1685. >n -if)):>'i to t - (,, O daughter daughtw of John ISfSIrJoErT Wdrsley, ' Leigh, of. of Gat- Northcoat combe. ; lUrin the Me "iijt of Wight,.- hi io i:«-Knt. . ' IsSUeH .1:) 8 b*'!> , . :,"> i 5 r 6. James Urrey, Elizabeth, aged 22, 1678, Catharine, married %t. 2^.1686. , ' married Geo^Ogfamderr -John- -K i nd er* of i ~ of Ha)e in the IsIeTlof Newport in tie Wight. — 1 ,v.«\ ..ft<:\. IsblofWafefet.. .w; 1 . of Sheet in the parish of -Gat* combe, ©b. . 17SJ3 r ter of Alex- ander This- tlethwayte, of Winter- slow, in the county of Wilts. • William, Walter Urrey, M'<- r ;Ui . i ,bae ,«. .J !..< 1 ^. /oAn, Penelope, Elizabeth, Jane, married — 'f Thomas Urrey, Robert Urrey, set.l3,1686,died/ W Caslleliuld a t .ll> ■ ti Newport in beforeFebv).^?, in the. Isle of .,1686,. tfle Jsle at asapRearsb.vJi»,,^ighi, 4fe3, /. ■ W*' M- brother's! will, t- ■» vithout issue, • , ; , died without -^..- ";iJcr.*-i^»,; ;, 1 3 ' ;•;',; issue, A»i735. v , (~ p p ■ ... ,r frrrr-| 1 •/<$«;' died Tkomas'Ufreif, . Anne, living Elizabeth.^ John Browne, of Gatcombe in the Isle of Wight. aged 5, wife of wife of Dr. Rich. Taylor,- ■ ;l tihmaTried, : ' 'of Sheefj , of Surrey. buried atGaW • , ' ls ' - J without issue. "j * combe.' '" i X v.'il»'l ,i\i . \ ,»i»i\s\i. ,-'.lu\ .uV.f 1 ','■ ,!„=-.,• .' ' •!.! S tttwi^,! ln , '* Eteanor, married Joseph Bissell, • 8 * i ]° -' ; M, - ; : ' 0&I EUzabeth, daughter and he^married ',1720. j '■ " ■ of 'Portsmouth. . ; '■ iiiumii. — uuutii. laic ui J, died m .-'ii 1 ".j *'.ut'_ .mri i l !' *r: i y, i,:^ ,m;i-- • J' "... ! rn ..J _. ' ' '.'• -. . j ... ,aioi («..■! Y— jv>argf«oH'to .It litt.v! "1\ ' .Sobi ^ James Windsor- Heneage, Ebo. .■■■>■>■< ' See No. S. ,|.';' V.' • • ■ - .-rs} !..',)«c4T srfl si., .1 ,:i'l(r(c-;)sD'9 .*■ .-.'-I »o8 fig! /'/ -O J«d (: 1 ,t a!'.', "f oL;-;; ,9*hi;.(,'. ". 1 ) , '■ '■ uAJ, .10 bjt;:..;j['. > . .'i ;ii:,7 :;,..^ i. i •muni \->« mil oi .fe»i» "r'T. 'j.' Jt>n;!./ i-'o tHSt; si.) . i ; '.-,■■. viU Io ' aid i«^»d li">.i '' V-n>!^(i'r-?:fiaL«»K uiui tM.litfi 1 .. .01": ,■;»•.'■•' v ,'uf>'bS 'Mif(*T-tinuinyM >- A * I' H T MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1173 From No. 4. No. 5. Elizabeth Browne,^ James Windsor Heneage, married 23 Sept. I of Cadeby, in the county 1761.. of Lincoln. i i : 1 George Thomas Heneage, Mary, eldest daughter and co-heir, born 21 Nov, 1762, Elizabeth, 3d daughter born 30 Dec. 1763, died married William Fitzherbert, of Claughton, Esq. who and co-heir, born 9 23 April 1767. assumed the surname of JJrockholes, by Royal Sign Dec. 1764. Manual, dated 5 June 1 783. _- See No. 6. .1 _ I . . L _ I . ~T>, f | I I i 10. Joseph Fitzherbert Brockholes, Mary, Elizabeth-Constantia, William, Frances, John-James, Francis, Charles, born 18 Sep. 1793. born 24 born 14 Feb. 1796. born 28 born 30 born IS born 1 born 8 Jan.1795. Mayl797. Mayl798. Junel800. Aug.1808. Feb.1804. From No. 5. No. 6. Elizabeth Heneage, — Basil Fitzherbert, of Norbury in the county of Derby, died at Bath, 22 I and Swinnerton in the county of Stafford, Esq. died Nov. 1799. j 20 May 1797, buried at Swinnerton. 10. Mary-Margaret, Thomas, Basil Fitzherbert, John Fitzherbert, George Fitzherbert, Elizabeth, Frances, bomlOJunel787, born 21 born 2 July 1790. born 2 Sep. 179*. born 30 July 1793. born 1 born ,21 died in Dec. 1799, Jan.l78fl. , May 1795. Nov. 1796. or Ian. following. 1174 THE HISTORY OF After the pains which have been bestowed by my friend, Charles George Young, Esq, of the College of Arms, in examining and correcting the above Tables, I can hardly imagine it in the power of any one to point out a single mistake in them. But, as many persons may be able to make these Pedigrees much more extensive, by giving accounts of the issue and descendants of the respective marriages contained in them, which relate to their own families, or lie within the compass of their knowledge and acquaintance, I take this opportunity of requesting a communication of all such additions, as well as corrections, with a specification of the authorities on which they are founded, as in humble imitation of the laborious editor of the Stemmata Chichekana, I shall always keep by me an interleaved copy for the insertion of such particulars.. For the pre- sent I shall content myself with subjoining a few. extracts, of a miscellaneous nature, from the Books anql Registers I have consulted, partly, in illustration of what has been given above, and partly in aid of those enquiries which others, more particularly concerned in. them, may be disposed to make. In the Pedigree (now in the Museum) drawn up by Dr. Dee, to show his descent from Roderick Prince of Wales, he states, the wife of his grand- father, Bedo Dee, to have been Eva God. , Dr.John D.e* was of^Upton-uponTSevern. — Nash's History . of Worcestershire, vol. ii. p. 446. " A very learned person (Jo. Dav. Rhesus in Cambro Britannicse Linguae Institutionibus, &c- Lond. 1592, fo. p. 60,) who was acquainted with Dr. John Dee's person and family, tells us, that he was descended from the Dees of Nanty Groes, and that the name was originally written Du, which, in the British language, signifies black. It appears, from some of the Doctor's Correspondencies, that he was sometimes stiled by others, and perhaps wrote himself, Dey instead of Dee." — Biographia Britanrdca, Art. Dee (John) Note A. Newcourt records that a John Dey was deprived of the Rectory of St. Ethelburgh before 2 June 1354 ; and that one Tho. Dey, Clerk, was, on the 22 Nov. 1554, presented to the Rectory of Stepney, which he held not a year. Names that occur in a Will in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. 29 Chay re.— 2 Dec. 4 Eliz.— Richard Deye, of the Par. of St. Bartholomew's the Little, Gent, to be buried in the Cloyster of St. Barth'm.'s :— To Wife, Elizabeth, leases of lands at Barsfold and Barsted in Kent. Bro'r Thos. Daye, Clerke. Rob't and Eliz'h Androwse. Juo. and Ann Aldrich. Geo. Bucke. Edra'd Needham, of Stanmere, Co. M'd'x. Thomas Deye my said Bro'r.— W'm Alayne.— Mr. Roberts, of London, Bruer. Witness to the Will Tho's Deye, preeste. pr. 29 July 1563. N.B. — He first spells his brother's name Daye, afterwards Deye, (as his awn). The man himself, in witnessing the will signs D«/. Stow (b. iii. p. 234) mentions, " in the vestry of St. Bartholomew's the Less, a brass plate for Rychard Dey, 1563. Whom God pardon." Newcourt makes no mention of Dr. John Dee among the Chancellors of St. Paul's, London.— He states that William Day, S.T.P. was collated Nov. 2, 1587,— but that when or how he left, it appears not; and that William Wilson was the next; but the time of his admission does not appear. He died in 1615. In the interim, however, it seems that Dee had a grant of the Chancellorship 8 Dec. 1594, probably on the promotion of Day to the See of Winchester. j William Aubre, of All Souls, Principal of New Inn, bom at Cantre in Brecknockshire, Professor of Civil Law, Judge Advocate of the Queen's Army\af St. Quirttiu, Advocate in the Court of Arches, one of the Council of the marches in Wales, M aster in Chancery,, Chancellor of CahterbutJ, and by special favour of the Queen takeii 1 to her nearer service, and made one of the Master* of Request in Ordinary, a person of exquisite learning and singular prudence, and mentioned with honour by Thuanus and others. He was cousin to Dr. John Dee j died 1595, and was buried in St. Paul's, London. — Ath. Ox. vol. i. p. 73—81. Among the Incumbents of Brixworth in the County of Northampton. " Will Greenhill comp. pro Primit. 14 Feb. 1621. MS. Due de Chandos." No successor occurs till after the Restoration. Bridge's History of Northamptonshire, vol. u. p. 83. Among the Incumbents of Peyhirk in the County of 'Northampton. '• Will. Greenhill, CI. comp. pro Primit. 1 Maii 1637. Sep. anno 1653. MS. Due de Chandos. Reg. Paroch." Bridge's History, S[C vol. ii. p. 576. From Ncwcourt's Repertorium. 15 June 1587, admitted to St. Bartholomew's on the presentation of Elk. — See CrmdaU, 232. 27 June 1598, Preb. of Consumpt per Mare by Grindall.— See Reg. 304. I David Dee. 13 Dee. 1598, resigned his Preb.— See as above, 314. 18 Dec. 1605, deprived of St. Bartholomew's.— See Bancroft, Reg. 63. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1175 31 Jan. 1606, Rector of Trinity the Less (Queenhitbe) on the presentation of D. and C. of Can- terbury. — Bancroft, 89. 5 Apr, 1615, Rector of Allhallows Lombard Street, on the presentation of D. and C. of Can- terbury. — Abbot, p. i. 4li. 31 Jan. 1620, Resigned Trinity the Less. — Bancroft, 241. 7 Dec. 1618, Chancellor of Salisbury. ^ ' Francis, son of the above. 1630, D6an of Chichester. 9 Apr. 1634, Bishop of Peterborough, when he resigned Lombard Street and his Chancellor- ship Laud, 309. S Oct. 1638, Died. 18 May 1639, Elizabeth Dee, widow and executrix of the above, presented an incumbent to South Harraingfield, Essex. Names that occur in two Wills in the Court of the Bishop of London. 27 Sept. 1603.— Rich'd Daye, embroideur,— Wife, Mary Daye.— Son, Philip Day.— Daughter, Susan Daye.— My elder Brother, Philip Daye.— Uncle Philips — Cousin Jane, Unckle John-Robert's wife.— My own Mother.— Vncle George Lankford and his wife Sister Ann Daye.— Sister Eliza- beth.— Brother John.— Uncle Thomas Eaton, Gent— Father Rettell.— Uncle Randolph Rettell.— Cousin William Jones. —Brother Hugh Rettell.— Uncle Davye Dye and bis eldest son. Proved 3 Oct. 1603. 4 Oct. 1603. — Philip Dye, Merch.-Taylor, to be buried in Greate St. Bartholomew's, as near to the place as may be where my own father was buried. Cousin John Merydeth. — Little Cousin and Godson Philip Dye, sonne to my late brother, Rich'd Dye, deceased. — Little Cousin Sazanne Dye, daughter to my late brother, R'd Dye. — Sister Mary Dye Aunt Dye. — Unkle Daye Dye, — one ring, &c. to his son, Francis Dye.— Godson Philip Dye. — Mother alive in the eonntry. — Sister Elizabeth Dye.— Sister Ann Dye. — Brother John Dye. — Unkle George Lanford. — Brother Richard. —Uncle John. Roberds. — Uncle Tho's Eaton. — Cousin Jane.— Sister Mary Dye.— Cousin Francis Dye. — Cousin John Dye. Proved in April 1604. Names that occur in a Will in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 55 Stafforde. — 9 June 1606. — Nicholas Dey, of Higham, Co. Norf. Tho's Dey, of Rotteringham my youngest Bro'r,— bis son Tho's when 81. Nicholas Dey, eldest son of Rob. Dey, my eldest Bro'r. Agnes Dey, d'r of Bro'r Tho's, — s'd Agnes Dye. Rob't and Nicholas Dey, sons of Bro'r Robert. Bro'r George. Kinsman, W'm Dey. Thomazin, d'r of Robert, when 81. Richard, son pi Robert. Bro'r George. Nicholas Stafford, son of Peter S. and his d'r Christian, pr. 81 July 1606. N.B. — The above is another will which I looked at, and seems, I think, to be allied in some way. Agnes D. is first spelt Dey,— secondly, Dye. Among the Vi cars of Whitfield in Ken t. " David Dee. A.M. Oct. 21, 1608, resigned 1610."— Hasted' s History of Kent, vol. iv. p. 17. Among the R ectors of Sutton in Kent. " Francis Dee, S.T.P. 1620, resigned 1622."— Hasttd's History of Kent, vol. i. p. 243. Arth. Dee, nat»» 1608, March 16. Feb. 24. Sept. 8. ., , _„ I In Arthur Dee's own hand-writing, Octob. 85. 1 V. among his MSS. in the BritMus. Aug. 27. I . ,, , — 1 Aysemigh, 1902. March 30» 1 9 & ' Sept. 5. ' (See below.) Jan, 15. Margarita Dee, A» 1603, April, die 4° Ho. 6. 20, Pomeridian. Die Lunae. Jane Dee, A», 1605, March 31, Mane Hor. 2, being Easter Day. Johannes Dee, natus 1606, Jolii 24, Ho. 12, Noct. (probably died young.) Isabella Dee, Uxor Arthuri Dee, ex hac Vita decessit, Julii 24, A D" 1634. Isabel Dee, nata 1614, Sept. 5, Hor. 9, 30. Arthnrus Dee, A° 1579, Julii 13, Ho. 4, Mi. 85, © ortu. Senfentia Patris mei de me& Nativitate erat : Magna buna cum multis mails. , g in domo ©« significant quod mors nati erit subita : aut occidetur per ferrura, autignem, et morietur extra Patriam suam. Q in 8a dom. horrendani mortem, prsnunciat. Morietur extra Solum natale tristitiam in Conjugio, uxoris Scparatio bonam fortunam a Principibus dissipat Patrimoniom, ad Egestatem reducit. Impedimenta et Peiicula minatur extra Patriam, a Servis Vulnera.— — In the same. From the Register of Burials at St. Andrew's Undersliaft. " 1617, Oct. 27, John Dee, sonne of Mr. John Dee, Doctor of Phisicke, potius uti videtur Arthur, filius Johannis natu maximus." — Malcolm's Londinium Redivimm, vol. i, p. 72.. Whoever made the addition to the original entry was evidently in error, Maria, 1612, Rowland, 1613, Frances, 1615, William, 1617, John,. 1619, Isabel!, 1614, Anna, 1621, 3 176 THE HISTORY OF From the Register of Burials at St. Bartholomew's the Great. 1619-20, February 3, Davie Dee, Minister, was buried. 1625, August 10, Alexander Dee, servant to Rowland Hubbersted, was buried of the Plague. — N.B. The term " Servant" did not always implv a menial servant. , The Rectory of Castre in Northamptonshire has, since the dissolution of the Convent of Peterburgh, " been held successively in perpetual com- mendum by the several Bishops. Reverend. Doro. Franc. Dee, Episc. Petr. comp. pro Primit. 26 Aug. 1634." — Bridge's History of Northampton- shire, vol. ii. p. 501. Funeral Certificate of Adrian Dee, Prebendary of Ckiehester. " Adrian Dee, sonne to the Right Reverend Father in God Francis Lord Bishop of Peterborough, departed this mortall life, in London, on Monday " the Vlllth day of May 1638, and was buried on Friday following, in the Chauncell of the Parish Church of the Holy Trinity, neare Trinity-Lane " London. He died a batchelor ; and Mary, wife to William Greenehiil, Doctor of Divinity, sister to the defunct, was the executrix of his last will " and testament. This certificate was taken by me, Thomas Thompson, Lancaster Herauld ; and is testified to be true by the subscription of John Dee, " of Edmonton in the county of Middlesex, Uncle to the defunct, and William Greenhill aforesaid. Ex. J. P. S. JOHN DEE. WILLIAM GREENHILL." N.B. —Examined, and spelt as in tli» original, recorded in the College of Arms, London. Funeral Certificate of Francis Dee, Bishop of Pfterborough. ■ " The Right Reverend Father in God Francis Dee, Doctor of Divinity, sometyme Chauncellor of the Cathedrall Church of Sarura, Dean of Chi- " Chester, and at the time Of his decease Bishop of Peterburgh, -departed this mortall life, at his Palace at Peterburgh, on Mounday tha 8th day ' " of October 1638 ; and was interred, in the Cathedrall Church of Peterburgh, on Frydaye following. He maried two wives, the first was Suzan le " Porque, da. of Nicholas le Porque, by whom he had y ssue An ri ah Dei, M'r of Arts, and Canon Residentiary of Chichester, who dyed in the life- " tyme of his father, having never byn maried. Mary, only da. and sole heir of her father at the tyme of his. decease, maried to W'm Greenhill, <* Doctor in Divinity. HisLo'pp maried to his 2d wife Elizabeth, da. of Jo hn Winter, one of the Prebends of Canterbury,. who now surviveth, by " whom he lefte no yssue. This Certificate was taken by George Owen, York Herauld, the 27th day of October 1638 ; and is testified to be.Uue by " the subscription of the aforenamed Elizabeth, sole executrix to the defunct. Ex. J. P. S. ELIZABETH DEE." N.B. — Examined, and spelt as in the original, remaining in the College of Arms, London. Edwardo Dee, Arm. Firma dimissa in Com. Eboraci. 4 Pars. Original. Anno 3, Rot. 13. (Caroli I.) The Manchester Guide states the Father of Dr. Arthur Dee's wife to'have been Edmund, not Edward Prestwych. from the Cambridge Graduate List. Dey, Mat. C. Tr. A.B. 1660, A.M. 1664. ■-^— Bart. Cai. M.B. 1725. " Upon a black marble, within a bordure of Weldon stone, against the north wall of the south ile in Brixworth Church, Northamptonshire: <• Here sleepes in Jesus, Mary Wright, the wife of John Wright, Gent, the daughter of Dr. Francis Dee, late Lord Bishop of Peterborough; she left this life upon the 27th of Dec. 1670, aged 63." From other monumental inscriptions in the Church at Brixworth, (one-fifth of the Lordship of this Parish belongs to the family of Wright,) it appears that she was Wright's second wife, and that she had no children by him. The time of her marriage does not appear ; but Wright's first wife died in May 1648. — See Bridge's History of Northamptonshire, vol. ii. p. 84. One Dey possessed the Manor of Frier's Grange in Dunmow Hundred, Essex, whose Descendant, Edward Dey, a Ship-carpenter, sold it to Jacob Houblon, Esq. of Great Hallingbury. — Morant's History of Essex, vol. ii. p..468. There are Wills extant, in the Commons, of persons of the name of Dee, Dey, and Dye, of the counties of Norfolk, Devon, Hereford, Kent, Southampton, Berks, Middlesex, Surrey, Sussex, Salop, Warwick, Bucks, Gloucester, and Oxford. t It appears, from the Gentleman's Magazine, that Mr. James Dee, Vice-Consul at Lisbon, died 27 May 1767 ; and that Miss Charlotte Dee was married to Commodore Johnstone, at Lisbon, 31 January 1783. MXmCHANT-TAYLGRS 5 SCHOOL. 117? HEAD MASTERS. **^0* j .//;;/, 1561 I. Richard Mulcaster, elected scholar of King's College, Cambridge, 1548, student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1555, M.A. Dec. 1556, Headmaster of Merchant- Taylors' 24 Sept. 1561, Surmaster of St. Paul's 1,586, Vicar of Cranbrook in_K£nt, 1 April, 1590, Prebendary of Sarum, 29 April, 1594, Rector of Sta mford Rivers in Essex, 159 8, died 15 April, 1611, and buried at Stam-" ford '.— See the History of his Mastership, p. 21 — 85. 1586 II. Henry Wilkinson, (see p. 79) M.A. First Undermaster 3 April, 1573, Headmaster 8 Nov. 1586, resigned 29 Sept. 1592,— See the History of his Mastership, p. 85 — 107. 1592 III. Edmund Smith, M.A. Second Undermaster 1580, First Undermaster 1591, Headmaster 6 Oct. 1592, resigned 1599. — See the History of his Master' ship, p. 107 — 133. 1599 IV. William Hayne, admitted scholar of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1571, M.A. 1578, Headmaster 19 May, 1599, removed 25 March, 1625.— See the History of his Mastership, p. 134 — 221. 1625 V. Nicholas Gray, el. student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1606, M.A. 1613, Master of Charterhouse School 3 Dec. 1614, Re ctor of Castle C ampsjn Cambridge- shire, and Headmaster of Merchant-Taylors' 25 March, 1625," Masterof EtojL-SchopLl632, D.D. Fellow of Eto n ; expelled from his Fellowship during the Rebellion; Mastgr^ofTunbrid ge-School in K ent, restored to his Fellowship in 1660, but died about Michaelmas that yeafTand was buried/in the Chapel of . Eton-College.— See the History of his Mastership, p. 221-^^fSr <*»» ^&^**** 1632 VL John Edwards, el. scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1617, M.A. 1625, Head- master 24 June, 1632, resigned 1634, Proctor 1635, Professor of Natural Phi- losophy, 1636, B.&M.D. 1639. — See the History of his Mastership, p. 234 — 239. 1634 VII. William Staple, el. scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1612, Headmaster 31 Oct. 1634, resigned 1644. — See the History of his Mastership, p. 239—267. 1644 VIII. William Du Gard,* ad. pensioner of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 17 Sept. 1622, M .A. 1629, Usher of Oundle School, Master of Stanford School, Master of Colchester School 27 July 1637, Headmaster of Merchant-Taylors' 10 May 1644, removed 12 Dec. 1660, died Dec. 1662. — See the History of his Mas- tership, p. 268—328. 1661 IX. John Goad? el. scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1632, B.A. 3 May 1636, M.A. *ft J 28 May 1640, VicarjjLSi^iles^Oxford, 1643, VicajLpJM[arniDJijn^Oxford- shire, 23 June, 1646, Master_oF]Tunbndje^cJwonriJCent, 1660, Headmaster 2 July, 1661, removed 13 April, ~168T, died 28 Oct. 3689, and buried at St, Helen's^Bishopsgat&r- See the History of his Mastership, p. 329—381. » John Stevens, B.C.L. who held the Mastership during the sequestration of Du Gard in the troublesome year 1649-50. having continued little more than seven months scarcely deserves to be noticed iu the succession.— See pp. 306—314. He was afterwards appointed to the Mastership of the Company's School, at Mush-Crosby, m Lancashire, 25 June, 16&*. 7l 1178 THE HISTORY OF 1681 X. John Hartcliffe, el. scholar of King's College, Cambridge, .JSLA. Headmaster 4 May 1681, resigned 1686, D.D. 1687, Ca non pf Win der 8 June- 1691.— See the History of his Mastership > r p. 381^3§8r >™>™*™ : X-/>Z £V 1686 XI. Ambrose Bonwicke, el. scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1669, M.A. 18 March 1675, B.D. 21 JulyJ682, .Headmaster 9_June 1686, removed 5 Aug. 1691, died 20 Oct. 1122.^See^e^isWp/f/Ms Mastership, p. 386—393. 1691 XII. Matthew Shortyng, ad. pensioner, of Jesus College, Cambridge, B.A. 1664, M.A. 1669, Headmaster '25' Sept. 169T, D.D. 16196,: tied 1707 L and buried in the chancel of St. Mary Abchurcft, 19 April ..— See the History of his Mastership*. p. 393—404, 1707 XIII. Thomas Parsell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1693, M.A. 12- April, First Under- M master 6 June 1701, B.D. 16 April 1706, Headmaster 30 April 1707, died, a 1720, and buried in St. Mary Abehurch 7 July. — See the History of his Mas- tership, p. 405-429. l^iv0ltl]k^U //720jU V/l Z]>. 172a XIV. Matthew Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1696, Second Undermaster 21 Jam 1703, M.A. 8 April. 1704, First Undermaster 15 Max J707, B.D. 16 May 1711,. D.D. 12 July 1718, Headmaster 12 July 1720,"Tliecr^L731. Left £200 to the College towards the purchase ,of an, advowson. — See the History of his Mas- tership, p. 429-435./**^^W^/'7^; t ^i/' / £• 1731 XV. John Criche, el. to St. Johu's, Oxford, 1698, M.A. 16 March 1705, Third Undermaster 22 Sept. 1710, Second Undermaster 3 July,. 1719, First Undei> master 4 Aug. 1720; Headmaster 18 March, 1731, died 21 June 1760.— See the History of his Mastership,, p. 435— =455. 1760 XVI. James Townley, ad. commoner of St. John's, Oxford, 1732i Lecturer of St. Dunstan's in the East 12 Oct. 1738, M.A. 23 Nov. 1738, Chaplain to Daniel Lambert, Esq. Lord Mayor 1741, Third Undermaster 22 Dec. 1748, Grammar Master of Christ's Hospital July 1753, Headmaster of Merchant-Taylors-' 8 Aug. 1760, Rector of St. Benet, Gracechurch-Street, died 15 Julv 1778.— See the History of his Mastership, p. 456^507 &w4e^^U9i>^\lvU/ //y' -. 1778 XVII. Thomas Green, ad. Fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, B.A. 1753, Third Under- master 13 Nov. 1753, M.A. 1756, Curate of St. Clement's Eastcheap, &c. Second Undermaster 13 July, 1758, First Undermaster 11 Feb. 1772, Head- master 12 Aug. 1778, died 1 Jan. 1783, and buried at St. Clement's.* — See the History of his Mastership, p. 507 — 510. 1783 XVIII. Samuel Bishop, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1750, M.A. 11 April 1758, Third Undermaster 26 July, 1758, Curate of St. 'Mary Abehurch and St. Christopher le Stocks,- Second Undermaster 11 Feb. 1772; First Undermaster 12 Aug. 1778, Headmaster 22 Jan. 1783, Chaplain to Bishop Warren, Rejtni Lof D itton^in Kent, Rector of St. Mart iirVOutwich 13 March 1789, "died 17 Nov. 1795, and buried at St. Martin's ^aty/ich.f-^See^th^ History of his Mastership, p. &I0 ViM-HVoIvertonjn_the_county ofSuffolk. "" 1695 XXXI. ChaeleTSheli.ey, of St. John's College, Oxford, Third Undermaster 27 July 1693, First Undermaster 20 Nov. 1695, died June 1701. 1701 XXX1T. Thomas Parsell. (See among the Headmasters.) 1707 XXXIII. Matthew Smith. ( See among the Headmasters.) 1720 XXXIV. Johx Cbiche. (See among the Headmasters.) ,1731 XXXV. Nicholas Fayting, admitted scholar of St. John's, Cambridge, B.A. 1725, _Third Undermaster 31 Mar. 1726, M.A. 1729, Second Undermaster 1730, First Undermaster 1731, Rector of St. Martin's Outwich, London, 12 July 1748, resigned the Undermastership 18 Nov. 1753, died22Feb.l789.7^^ i V t 7tf^™^ < 7^ a 7> tyO * 1754 XXXVI. John Buen, admitted of St. John's College, Oxford, 1722, Third Under- master 1731, B.C.L. 19 June 1734, Second Undermaster 17 Feb. 1742, First Undermaster 13 Nov. 1754, died 1758. 1758 XXXVII. Vicesimus Knox,* (See note, p. 457,) elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1745, B.C.L. 19 Oct 1753, Third Undermaster 20 Sept. 1753, Second Undermaster 13 Nov. 1754, resigned his Fellowship 19 Feb. 1757, First Undermaster 13 July 1758, Master of Tunbridge School 1772. -'77 # 1772 XXXVIII. Thomas G KEEN. ( See among the Headmasters.) /)»7* 1778 XXXIX. Samuel Bishop. ( See among the Headmasters.) ji[\ltf 1783 XL. John Hill Thompson, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1772, Third Undermaster 21 Oct. 1778, Second Undermaster 9 Feb. 1779, M.A. 19 Jan. 1780, First Undermaster 22 Jan. 1783, B.D. 14 April 1785, resigned 20 April 1785. • " Vicesimos Knox was a respectable scholar, a truly worthy man, and, in the exercise of Ms clerical functions, possessed the high esteem of several large congregations in London, who for many years enjoyed the advantage of his instruction. Mr. Knox died at the early age of forty-nine."— PvAlic Characters of 1803-1804, p. 519. 1720 AXA1V. JOH] J 731 XXXV. NIC] MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 118J 1785 XLI. John Rose, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1772, Third Undermaster 9 Feb. 1779, Second Undermaster 22 Jan. 1783, First Undermaster 12 July 1785, M.A. 9 July 1785, Rectar_o£ StJVlar tin's Outwic h, jLorfc don, 22 Dec. 1795, resigned the UndenMsteihlpr7977TJnr^*'T **■*•''>* 1798 XLII. Thomas Kidd, admitted scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, M.A. ' First Undermaster 14 Feb. 1798, resigned 25 March 1805, Rector of St. James's, Garlick-Hill>''*Wf<>2 — l»fd u*, r ui^^Uc Mi iyjq^I-^ 1805 XLIIL John Joseph Ellis, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1788, M.A. 13 July 1795, Third Undermaster 26 June 1795, Second Undermaster 27 July 1796, First Undermaster 1 Feb. 1805, Lecturer of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, Curate and Lecturer of St. Mary-le-Strand, and Townsend's Lecturer at St. Mi^-~- chael's^Crpoked-Lane, from 1811 to \%\±:*?Uii * Extracted from the Registry of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. ^ " I, Thomas Townsend, do make my Will and Testament to the effect following : — I appoint my dear wife, Susannah, my Executrix, and Legatee of and to all my property, of what nature soever ; subject, however, to the following legacies and bequests : " I further leave my leasehold house in Broad-Street, arid all the profits and advantages accruing therefrom, which, during my tenancy and previous to the purchase, I paid one hundred and thirty pounds a-year for, in trust to the Master and Wardens of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors, for the Term and purposes hereinafter men- tioned : primarily, for the sole use and behoof of my dear wife, during her life, who will give up to the said Master and Wardens all parchments; papers, and information, respecting the said house, in her power; and after her decease, towards the establishment arid continuance of religion and morality, by supporting an Evening Lecture at the parish church of St. Michael, Crooked-Lane, on the Thursday evenings throughout the year, beginning at Six o'clock, or be- tween Six and Seven, except in Passion Week, when it may be on the Friday evening instead of the Thursday ; but this I leave optional in the elected. And my further will is, that the election and choice of a fit and proper person to read the prayers of the Church of England, and preach according to the same, be with the Master and Wardens of the Merchant-Taylors' Company, or a Majority of them, but if the number is equal the senior member of the Court of Assistants shall give the casting vote ; and that the choice be in the month of June of every third year ; and that no rector or vicar be elected, no one person twice, or twice three years in succession ; and that the duty shall not be done by deputy, except in case of illness or great emergency ; and if death, or any cause make it necessary to remove the elected, in that case to proceed to appoint a fit and proper gentleman within six weeks of such decease or other cause of vacancy; and the gentleman so elected shall only remain during the term that his predecessor would have remained, if death, or the cause for which he was removed, had not removed him, but he may be re-elected for the term of three years, after the expiration of the first term, if his prior possession has not been twelve calendar months : and that the appointment commence and be made in the ensuing June after our decease, or as soon after as may be. And I further direct the profits of rents be applied in the manner following, viz. five-tenths, free of deduction to be paid the clergy- man chosen ; two-tenths to the parish-clerk, for the purpose of finding candles and his attendance ; one-tenth towards a fund for renewal of lease and expenses with the Archdeacon of Colchester, which is one hundred pounds every tenth year; one tenth to the Master and Wardens, for their trouble and interference, in proportion, according to the times of their going on this business ; out of which one-tenth, so allowed to the Master and Wardens, I desire that forty shillings per annum be allowed to and in the account of the Clerk of the said Company of Merchant Taylors, and that all trans- actions, payments, and receipts, shall be duly kept in a separate book, entitled Townsend's Bequest. And my will respecting the remaining one-tenth part is, that it be divided between the parishes of Saint Michael) Crooked-Lane, if the Lecture is established there, if not to whatever other parish for the same purpose where this Lecture may be established, and Saint Bennett Fink, towards defraying the poor rates of the said parishes for ever. And my further will is, that after the continuance of this Lecture one hundred years, that then I leave the said house and premises, and all profits arising therefrom to the Company of Merchant-Taylors for ever, to do therewith what they think proper, except the one-tenth between the parish where the Lecture has been during the hundred years, and Saint Beunet Fink. H this bequest should not be accepted by the Merchant Taylors, it shall revert to the Cloth- Workers, if not by them,, to the Weavers, under the same form to either, as directed to the Merchant-Taylors. If the Lecture is not permitted at Saint Michael's, Crooked-Lane, then I recommend the Master and Wardens of the Company who undertake this trust, to look out for, and fix it at, a large commodious church, where there is little interruption and noise by the passing of carriages. , " Having written the foregoing, and since perused it, I now date it this sixteenth day of May, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine, and sign it — Thos. ToVnsend. 16th May, 1789." " This is the last will and testament of me, Susannah Townsend, of Church Street, Spitalfields, in the county of Middlesex, widow, July twenty-eighth, eighteen hundred and ten. — It is my particular desire that two hundred a year, long annuity may be appropriated for the use of the leeture, as directed in the will of my late dear husband, instead of the house in Old Broad-Street, No 75, that being void by the statute of Mortmain." N.B. The Merchant-Taylors' Company have very judiciously, under the sanction of the Court of Chancery, made this Lectureship perpetual, by transferring the money from the Long Annuities to a permanent fund. 1182 THE HISTORY OF SECOND UNDERMASTERS. 1580 II 1592 III 1600 IV 1608 VI. 1610 VII, 1610 VIII 1561- I. It does not appear who was Second Undermaster at the foundation of the School. Edmund Smith. (See among the Headmasters.) Nicholas Monck, Second Undermaster 1592, resigned 1600. Richard Barnes, Second Undermaster 1600, Master of Wolverh anuitQn School 14 August 1605. 1604 X. Thomas Hayne,* admitted of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1599, B.A. 1603, Second Undermaster 1604, M.A. 1606, Usher of the Grammar School at Christ's Hospital 1608. Humpfrey Prichard. (See among the First Undermaster s.) Richard Trott, Second Undermaster 1610, resigned the same year. Thomas Hendre, or Henrye, Third Undermaster 1610, Second Undermaster 1610, resigned 1614. 1614 IX. John Sterne, Second Undermaster 1614, resigned the following year.. * " He was a noted critic, an excellent linguistyand a solid divine; beloved of learned men, and particularly respected by Selden. He hath written, 1. Grammatiees Latinos Compendium, an. 1637, &c. Lond. 1640, in oct. ; to which are . added two appendices. 2. Linguarum Cognatio: seu de Unguis in genere, et de variarum linguarum harmoma dissertatio. Lond. 1639, oct. It was also printed, if I mistake not, in 1634. : 3. Pax in Terra ; scu tractatus de Pace ecclesiastiea, &c. Lond. 1 639, oct. 4. The equal Ways of God, in rectifying the unequal Ways of Man, Lond.. 1639, &c. in oct. 5. General View of the Holy Scriptures : or, the Times, Places, and Persons, of , Holy Scripture, &c. Lond. 1640. fol. sec. edit. 6. Life and Death of D. Mart. Luther. Lond. 1641. qu. He gave way to fate on the 27th of July, in sixteen hundred forty and five, and was. buried in the, parish churcli of Cli. Ch. within Newgate, in the City of London ; soon after was put a monument over his grave, about the middle of the .■church,..on the north side, and a large inscription thereon, which, about 20 years after, was consumed and defaced, With the church itself, when the great fire happened, in London. In the said inscription he is sliled, Antiquitatis acerrimus Investigator, autiquitatem pmmaturavit mam. Pub.icis privatisque studiis sese totum communi bono calebem devovit. Pads jjScfifesfe Irenicus pacificus jure censendas, ^ ** v '/>»fie 1726 XLV. Edmund Day, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1716, Lecturer of All- hallows, Bread-Street, 27 Feb. 1722, Third Undermaster 29 May 1722, Second Undermaster 1726, died 20 Nov. 1729, and buried on the 27th at Allhallows, Bread-Street.^ 77 ^/ ^ /'7*)J XX ty$4 1730 XLVI. Nicholas Fayting. (See among the First Undermaster s.) 1731 XLVII. Daniel Brooker, admitted servitor of Lincoln College, Oxford, 24 Feb. 1724, B.A. 22 June 1728, Third Undermaster 3730, Second Undermaster 1731, resigned 17 Feb. 1742, Vicar of St. Peter's, and Minor Canon of Worcester : published — 1. a Sermon at the Music Meeting at Worcester in 1743, on Ps. xxxiii. 1—3, and, 2. a Sermon on the 30th jof Jan^l?^, ~, on St. John, xviii. 38.-(See page 1053.)^^^^|fef ; V*'/^ 1742 XLVIII. John Burn. (See among the First Undermasters.) ' 1754 XLIX. Vicesimus Knox. (See among the First Undermasters.) 1758 L. Thomas Green. (See among the Headmasters.) 1772 LI. Samuel Bishop. (See among the Headmasters.) 1778 LIL Richard Dickson Shackleford, elected scholar of- St. John's, Oxford, 1761, B.A. 17 April 1765, M.A. 27 Jan. 1769, Proctor 1773, B.D. 20 April 1774, Third Undermaster 5 Jan. 1775, Second Undermaster 12 Aug. 1778, resigned 21 Jan. 1779, Vicar oflJtSepulchrfi!sl5 Oct. 1784, D.D. 9 July 1785****^ 2 b.lhZyj.TMjJfiinrft^ 1779 LIII. John Hill Thompson. (See among the First undermasters.) 1783 LI V. John Rose. (See among the First Undermasters.) 1785 LV. Henry Lord, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1778, Third Under- master 31 Jan. 1783, Second Undermaster 12 July 1785, M.A. 15 March 1792, B.D. 31 March 1792, removed 15 July 1796, D.D. 24 Nov. 1801, Vicar oXJ Barfreston. Ke nt. & c r^^'W//'^//^i/W/ 2-/?- 1796 LVI. John Joseph Ellis, M.A. (See among the First Undermasters.) 1805 LVII. Harry Bristow Wilson, admitted commoner of Lincoln College, Oxford, 12 Feb. 1793, elected scholar of that College on the foundation of Robert Trappes* and Joan his wife, 30 June 1794, B.A. 10 Oct. 1796, Third .Undermaster 14 Feb. 1798, M.A. 23 May 1799, Second Undermaster <-^ 1 " t W 1 Feb. 1805; B.D. 21 June 1810, Curate and Lecturer of St. Michael's Bassishaw, lecturer of St. Antholin's and St. John Baptist's, and Towns- end's Lecturer at St. Michael's, Crooked-Lane, 1814.&i^ fun' 2/./ i>SJ?*nx * Two grandsons of this worthy citizen were scholars of Mulcaster.; being admitted into Merchant-Taylors' School 23 March 1571. " Rowland Tkappes, Esq. second son of Robert Trappes, citizen and mereer, son of Robert, citizen and goldsmith. High Sheriff of the counties of Surxey and Sussex, died without issue. Will dated 10 May 1594; proved 17 Sept. 1616. (87 Cope.) " Roc er Tb appes, of Cheame, in the county of Surrey, Gent, third son, 1586. Will dated 8 Aug. 1616 ; proved in •the same year ; (97 Cope) married Jane, daughter of • • who died a widow, * being aged above the ordinary extent of human life.' Will dated 3 Feb. 1624; Codicil July 1631, proved 30 April 1633. (89 Russel.) Left an only son Roger."— From a Pedigree in the possession af B. Biglaftd, JEsj. MERCHANT-TAYLOR*' SCHOOL, 1185 'THIRD UNDERMASTERS.^ ^/y;^ 1561 I. John Goodwin, Third Undermaster at the foundation of the School, died 1569. 1570 II. Roberte Wyddoson, B.A. Third Undermaster 21 Jan. 1570. 1607 III. John Waterson, B.A. Third Undermaster 1607, resigned 1610. 1610 IV. Thomas Hendre, pr Henrye. ( See among the Second Undermasters.) 1610 V. Thomas Johnsonne, Third Undermaster 1610, resigned I614.—Qu. -Of Oriel College, Oxford. 1614 VI. Job Davenport. (See among the Slecond Undermasters.) 1616 VII. Richard Gilbert. (See among the First Undermasters.) 1618 VIII. William Melvin. (See among the Second Undermasters.). 1618 IX. William Birnie, Third Undermaster 1618, resigned 1620. .; 1620 X. Ed. Thurman, Third Undermaster 1620, resigned the same-year. 1620 XI. John Benson, Third Undermaster 16,20, resigned the, following year. 1621 XII. Thomas Graye. (See among the Second Undermasters.) 1624 XIII. Job Davenport, Third Undermaster 1624, resigned the same year. 1624 XIV. John Jones. (See among the Second Undermasters <) 1624 XV. John Ffell. (See among the'Second Undermasters.) 1627 XVI. Robert Thorne. (See among the Second Undermasters.) ■ 1628 XVII. Edward Donne. Third Undermaster 1628, resigned 1630. 1630 XVIII. Nathaniell Goodwin, ThirdUndermaster 1630, resigned the following year. 1631 XIX. Alexander Blackball. ( See among the Second Undermasters.) 1634 XX. Robert Floode, Third Undermaster 1634,-Qu.' The celebrated Dr. Fludd, of St. John's., Oxford, who died at his house in the Parish of St. Catha* rine, Coleman-Street, 8 Sept. 1637. 1638 XXI. John .Baldwin, Third Undermaster 1638, resigned 1640. 1640 XXII. Marchmont Needham,* Chorister of All Soul's College, Oxford, B.A. 1637, Third Undermaster 1640, resigned 1642. * « We afterwards find him an under clerk in G ray's Inn, where, says Wood, by virtue of a good legible court hand, he obtained a comfortable subsistence. His next transition wasto a writer against government; after which he studied physic, and veering about in his principles, reconciled himself to the king, and wrote against his formftT friends. He vas thereupon taken into custody, and, having obtained his pardon, was once more prevailed upon to change *"s party. He then resumed the practice of physic, and continued it successfully during the rest of his life, which ended suddenly -at the house of one Kidder, in Devereux Court, Nov. 1678. Wood says, " He was a person endowed with quick 7 M -,-j-maii. M.A. Third Undermaster 2 Aug. 1648. resigned July , 1186* THE HISTORY OF 1642 XXIII. Roger Litherland, Third Undermaster 1642, resigned 1645. 1645 XXIV. Alexander Smith, of Balliel College, Oxford, Third Undermaster 1645, re- signed Julv 1648. 1649 XXV. Edward Tryirl 1650f 1650 XXVI. Nicholas Sheppard, M.A. Third Undermaster 11 July 1650, resigned 1652. 1652 XXVII. Charles Spilwater, Third Undermaster 1652, resigned 1656. 1656 XXVIII. John Cooper, Third Undermaster 1656, resigned 1658. 1658 XXIX. Robert Osbalston. (See among the First Undermaster s.) 1660 XXX. Knevett Rawlett, Third Undermaster 1660, resigned 1662. 1662 XXXI. Charles Adlanb, elected scholar of St. John's,. Oxford, 1660, Third Urn- dermaster 1662, resigned 1664. 1664 XXXII. Joseph South, M.A. of Brasen-Nose College, Oxford, Third Undermaster- Aug. 1664. resigned 1667. 1667 XXXIII. Arch. Lovell, M.A. of the University of Cambridge, Third Undermaster 1667* resigned 1676. 1676 XXXIV. Gawin Wood, M.A. of the University of Glasgow, Third Undermaster -1676,. died April 1690. 1690 XXXV. John Patrickson, (See among the Second Undermasters.) 1693 XXXVI. John Turner, (See among the Second Undermaster s.) 1693 XXXVII. Charles Shelley. (See among the First Undermasters.) 1695 XXXVIII. Thomas Pickering; elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, from Coventry School, 1689, B.A. 1693-4, Third Undermaster 20 Nov. 1695,. M.A. 27 March 1697, B.D. 23 Oct. 1703, resigned the Undermastership 1710, Vicar of Stoughton Magna in Huntingdonshire, where he died the be- ginning of May,and was buried on the 17th of that month, in the year 1720. 1710 XXXIX. JottN CeiChe; (See among the Headmasters.) 1719 XL. William Peche, ( See among the Second Undermasters.) 1720 XLI. Francis i West, (See amohgtke Second Undermasters.) 1722 XLII. EdmoNd Day. (See among the Second Undermasters.) 1726 XLIII. Nicholas Faytino. See among the First Undermasters.) 1730 XLIV. Daniel Brooker. (See among the Second Undermasters,) 1731 XLV. John Burn-. ( See among the First Undermasters.) 1742 XLVI. ThomaS Win&field,, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1728, A.B. 2ff April 1782, resigned his Fellowship 2 May 1734, migrated to Sidney Col- li lege, Cambridge, A.M.; 1736, Third Undermaster 17 Feb. 1742, resigned 10 July 1745, D.D, 1757, Hospitaller of St.. Thomas's, Southwark, and- Vicar of Yalmeton, in the county of Devon.— (See page lOb9.<#/6&0- 1745 XLVIL Thomas Wea'les, B.A. of St. John's, Oxford, admitted M .A. 11 July 1747„ B.D. 6 Nov. 1755, D.D. 2 March 1756, Third Undermaster 1745, re- signed 22 Dec. 1748, pre^pntorijn j\ i pVirara^ft jtf St. Sep ulchre's. Lon- don;. 13 Feb. 1767- published a Sermon against Slander, 1768, John : ' : ' viii. 7; on Good Friday, 1768, John xii. 27, 28; another 1777; died April 18, 1784.— (Malcolm, vol. iv. p. 580.) 1749 XLVIII. James Townley. (See among the Headmasters.) 1153 XLIX. Vicesimus Knox.. ( See among the First Undermasters.) 1754 L. Thomas Green, B.A. (See among the Headmasters.) natural parts,, was a good humanitian poet, and boon droll; and, had he been constant to his cavalieripg principles, lie would have been beloved by, and admired of, all; but being mercenary, and valuing money and sordid interest rather than conscience, friendship, or love to his prince, was much hated by. the royal party to his last, and many cannot yet endure to hear him spoken of." He wrote The Levellers levelled; or, the Independents' Conspiracy to root out Monarch;/. Interlude, 4lo. 1617. — Baker's Biagraphia Dramirtica, h\j Jones, vol. i. p. 540. Of " this most seditious, mutable, and railing, author," as Wood describes him, the reader may see a long account m. the Athena Oxohiejtsa, vol. ii. p. 465—471. MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1187 1758 LI. SAMUEL Bishop. (See among the Headmasters.) 1772 ill. Thomas Bowen, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1766, B.A. 22 May 1770, Third Undermaster 11 Feb. 1772, M.A. 17 Feb. 1774, resigned 16 Dec. 1774, Lecturer of St. Ann's, Limehouse, 1778, Chaplain of Bride- well-Hospital Minister of Bridewell Precinct, Chaplain to Sir Richard Carr Glyn, Lord Mayor 1799, died 15 Jan. 1800.*/ ty -k X X y 1775 LIII. Richard Dickson Shacklefoed. (See among the Second Undermaster s., 1778 LrV. John Hill Thompson. (See among the First Undermaster s.) 1779 LV. John Rose. (See among the First Undermaster s.) 1783 LVI. Heney Lord, B.A. (See among the Second Undermaster s.) 1785 LVII. Jonathan Gaednee, elected scholar of St. John's, Oxford, 1779, Third Undermaster 20 July 1785, M.A. 15 Jan. 1787, B.D. 24 April 1792, resigned 24 April 1795, died 24 Feb. 1796, and buried, 1 March, at St. Mary Abchurch, of which he had been some time Curate. 1795 LVIII. John Joseph Ellis, M.A. (See among the First Undermaster -s.) 1796 LIX. Robeet Price, admitted scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 4 July 1792, B.A. 1796, Third Undermaster 12 Aug. 1796, resigned 1797. A 798 LX. H aery Bristow Wilson. ( See among the Second Undermaster &.) 1805 LXI. William Tomkins Briggs, admitted scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 12 Feb. 1798, B.A. 1802, Third Undermaster ■9 April 1805, M.A. 1805, resigned 25 Dec. 1806, Minor Canon an d_Lec- turer of the Cathedral Church _Qf_Cailisle, and Vicar of Thursbyin~th& 1807 LXH. Lancelot Sharpe, admitted pensioner of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, B.A, M.A. Perpetual Curate and Lecture^ „ of AUhallows Staining, &c. %t't£o, Oxford, 1592, B.A. 1596-7, M.A. 1600, B.D. chaplain to the bishop of Lichfield, &.c. Michael Boyle, el. to St. John's, Oxford, ,1593, B.A. 5 Dec. 1597, M.A. 25 June 1601, B.D. 9 July 1607, &c. George Russell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1593, LL.B. 2 July 1599. John Sandsbury, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1593, B.A. 5 Dec. 1597, M.A. 25 June 1601, & B.D. John Johnes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1594, a Benefactor to the College, &c. Francis Dee, adm. scholar of St. John's, Cambridge, 1594, a Benefactor to the School, &c. JJenjamin Barnard, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1595, M.A. 1603, rector of EaitHovn- don, Essex. James Cleaton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1597. merchant-Taylors' school. ligl Peter Lawson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1597, B.A. 1601-2, MA. 1605, buried in St. John's Chapel, 1609. Sampson West, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1597, B.A. 1601-2, vicar_of_Ajgnesham in Oxfordshire. • — Hide. Wilkinson. Theophilus Tuer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1598, B.A. 1602-3, M.A. 1606, chaplain to Sir Henry Lee. Richard Jarfield, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1597, a Benefactor to the College. Parrys. John Wicksted, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1598, died 28 March 1607, buried in St. John's Chapel. Edward Groome, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1598, B.A. 1602-3, M.A. 1606, master of the Grammar School at Abingdon. William Juxon, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1598, D.L. 12 Dec. 1621, &c. Lawrence Baker. Edmond Jackson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1598, M.A. 1606, chaplain to the bishop of Rochester. Raph Mapledore. Thomas Downer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1600,. B.A. 1604-5, M.A. 1608, B.D. 1614, rector of Radnjgh g in Berkshir e, and vicar of Kirthngton in Oxfordshire. John Burnell. ~- — " Joseph Billins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1600, LL.B. proctor in the Court of Arches. Audrean Thorp. John Barry. Rowland Juxon, el. to St. John's,. Oxford, 1601, B.A. 1604-5, M.A. 1608, rector of Radnigc, Berks. Richard Holbrooke, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1602, B.A. 1606-7, M.A. 1610, vicar of Emly, Northampton. Joseph Fletcher, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1600, M.A. 1608. Matthew Wren, adm. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1600, &c. Lewis Paddye, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1600. Thomas Tucker, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1601, B.A. 1605-6, M.A. 1609, Preben- dary of Bristol, &c. John English, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1602, LL.B. rector of Stoke in Sussex. John Touse, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1603, M.A. 1611. OwenVertue, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1604, B.A. 1608-9, M.A. 1612. Annanyas Warren. James Bearblock, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1602, B.A. 1606-7. John Alder, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1604; B.A. 1608. Edmond Mayor, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. Thomas Clarke, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1604, B.A. 1608-9, M.A. 1612. Francis Hudson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1604, LL.B. John Williamson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1605, B.A. 1609-10. Christopher Wren, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1605, B.A. 26 May 1609, B.D. 2 June 1620. Brian Naylor, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1605, LL.B. 1612. Thomas Grice, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1605, M.A. 1613. Robert Cooper, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1606, adm. LL.B. 1617, vicar of Llan- gomier, Carmarthenshire, 1623. John Ward 1607 Christopher Rylie, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1607, B.A. 1611-2, M.A. 1615, rec- tor of Newton Tohye, Wilts. William Harrice, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1607, B.A. 1611-2, M.A. 1615, B.D. ROULAND Westwood, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1608. 1132 THE HISTORY OF William Rippin, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 160.7, B.A. 1611-2, M.A. 1615. ■ Adam Langley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1607, B.A. 1611-2, M.A. 1615, Robert Braborne. John Hayne, (See among the First Undermasters.) Henry Burton. Christopher Milles. Martin Partridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1609. Ffrancis Wrenn. Paule Clapham. Anthony Beerblocke, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1608. 1608 John Ffilkins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1609. William Hutchinson, el. to St. John'*, Oxford, 1609, B.D. 1636. William Holloway. Henry Warner, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1610. William Bigmoek, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1610, LL.B. died in 1631. Timothy Masson. John Evington. Thomas Harrison, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1610. Gabriel Cooling. 1609 William Sherboen, el, to St. John's, Oxford, 1611, M.A. D.D. 24 Mar. 1643, Pre- bendary of Hereford. Philip Parsonnes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1610, B.A. 1614, M.D. 20 June 1628, Principal of Hart Hall. John Effard. Thomas Stevens, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1610. Leonard Dorwin, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1610, LL.B. John Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1611, M.A. 1610 William Staple, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1612. John Speed, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1612, adm, B.A. 19 June 1616, M.A. 3 May 1620, B. & D.M. 20 June 1628. Robert Walker. Samuel Squire. Giles Rankins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1612. Theodore Herring. Thomas Duckett. 1611 Timothie Fisher. Ffrancis Reston. 1612 Humphrey Hamond. James Sherley, adm. of St. John's, Oxford. 1613 Gregorie Ballard, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1613. John Lufton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1614, LL.B. • Rector of Ibstock, Leicester- shire. Thomas Atkinson, el. to St. John's, 1615, adm. B.A. 12 May 1619, B.D. 12 May 1630, Rector of South Warnbor p"g h H ant°i " diich.he exchanged for Isl ip near Oxford. Theodore Stevens. John Harvey. Christopher Glin, •adm. of St..John's, Oxford, 1615. John Dod. John Gore. Anthony'Death, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 24 March 1617, B.A. 15 Jan, 1620, M.A. 20Jlec. 1623, SiC^'H^^.l^^Jm^hl-tfj ,1614 Thomas Day. William PiotT. , Richard Bourcher. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1193 Edward Quarles, adm. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 16 Jan. 1618, M.A. 1622, B.D. 1629. Cornelius Holland, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 16 Jan. 1618. 1615 William Ames, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1618, buried at St. Mary Magdalen's, Oxford, 24 Nov. 1624. John Evelin. Arthur Wingham, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1616, D.D. 7 Oct. 1688. ,v,,,, a %oy RiCHARrf Washborne, adm. of Exeter College, Oxford.**^^^;^--**^/^^ John Edwards, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1617, B. & M.D. 1639, &c. 1616 John Glinne. Thomas Unday. ' Jonas Owin, Owen, or Owyn, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1618, LL.B. 9 March 1627. Richard Dixon. Simon Sanders. John Woodward. James Singleton, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1617. 1617 Ffrancis Markham. Joseph Braby. Thomas Juxon. William Smithes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1618. John Gibson. William Pindar. Henry Cuckney. 1618 John Cranwell. Robert Davenant, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1618, D.D. 21 Aug. 1660, #*ebendary ■of Salisbury. James Peerks, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1620. Richard Holland. Robert Wallpoole. Richard Hudson. John Mathewes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1620, Rector of Bow near Barnstaple, 1643-4. Henry Bellamy, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1621. Matthew Pindar. 1619 Robert Loveden. ZZ.K& /&0Edward Layfield. el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1620, adm. M.A. 13 May 1628, .&cJmim Richard Clarke. 1620 John Thornes. Thomas Nott, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, Jan. 1622, B.A. Jan. 1625, M.A. Jan. 1628. Peter Bettesworth. James Croxton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1622. Thomas Aynsworth. Thomas Saxby. 1621 Robert Turner. George Smalwood, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 26 July 1622 B.A. 25 Feb. 1626, M.A. 24 Jan. 1629. John Barnwell. J. Bewton. Thomas Wingham, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1622. Thomas Booker. 1622 John Stock, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1623. Nath. Croocher, el. to St. John'*, Oxford, 1623. Joseph Elton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1628. Solomon Allen. 7 N 1194 THE HISTORY OF Joseph Crowther, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1625, adm. B.D, 15 March 1639, D.D. 2 Aug. 1660, Regius Professor of Greek, &c,iw^./<«l **"#£**>»»-£#$ •//iddt / Geo. Blundel. " / / Rich. Inkersell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1624. William Pixley. Jeffery Wilson. 1623 Jo. Hayne. Ri. Collins. Dudley Hawkes, el. to St, John's, Oxford, 1626, buried at St. Giles's, Oxford, 1639. Joseph Clifton. Dan. Harecourt. Ja. Ashurst. 1624 William Htjtton. Edmund Gayton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1625, adm. B.A. 30 April 1629, M.A. 9 May 1633, Esquire Beadle of Arts and Physick, 1636, M.B. 1 Feb. 1648. Ric. Coxon, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1626. Jo. Morris. Samp. Briggs. 1626 George Gisby, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1627, B.D. 23 June 1646. Thomas Risden. John Blinco, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1627, B.C.L. 25 June 1633. Leon. Stockdaile. < Rob. Long. Rob. Clarke. Rob. Leighton. ' : UihlJt^ George Wilde, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1628, adm. B.C.L. 7 Feb. 1635, D.C.L. ' 23 Nov. 1647, &cJ,i^;696 t y;yj%;;z2^Unzha,-^Z-7i/,;y7g:7Qc,l Thomas Tuer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1628. 7 / < .' 7 Laurence Brewer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1628. 1627 John Heifield, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1628. Will. Allot. Will. Page, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1628, adm. M.D. 6 July 1653. Abraham Wright, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1629, adm. B.A. 16 May 1633, M.A. 22 April 1637, &c. Via ***3 <)•/£ - **«« *&** ■ «""- If/i «■ 7 ? ' * 7 V Humphrey Greene, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1630, died 1642-3. Sam. Gott. 1628 Ffrancis Goldsmith, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1631, B.A. 5 July 1632. Nath. Newberie, adm. of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, M.A. 25 June 1636, Minister of Lud gnham in Ken t. Hen. Gwynn. Nath. Heighfield. John Browne. 1629 Jo. Corbett. Gabriel Parks. Thomas Snelling, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1632, M.A. 1640. Samuel Crookes. •' ; ■ .* ■<•>■ Anthony Hodges. 1630 Nic. Gouge. John Goad, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1632. adm. B.A. 3 May 1636, M.A. 28 May 1640, B.D. 2 Nov. 1647, tejm<Jbty .^Hif^i^^lVliJ-ZA^ Thomas Daw. John Axtell. Richard Painter, el. to St John's, Oxford, 1632. Edmund Clark, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1630, LL.B Ffrancis Newman. MERCHANT-TAYLOHS' SCHOOL. J 195 a /'S 05" William Wallwin, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1632, adm. B.A. 3 May. 1630, M.A. B.D. 2 Nov. 1647, Chaplain to Sir John Stawell of Somersetshir^*^^^^/-* 1631 John Edwards. George Miller, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1633. William Wilkinson. Henry Kent, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1633. Edward Taylor. Henry Westley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1634, Schoolmaster at Bloxwich in Staf- fordshire. 1632 Robert Eliott, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1634. Thomas Ward, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1635. Richard Stevenson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1635. Thomas Tucker, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1635. Thomas Painter, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1636, Christopher Ffrethorne. 1633 William Harvey. Joshua Kirby. George Kinglake, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1635. Richard Pullye, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1636. Henry Osbaston, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1637. Peter Mews, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1637, adm. B.A. 13 May 1641, M.A,. 21 April , P** 1 **- f.i?t £jL645, D.C.L. 6 Dec. 1660, &c.t^^m.1h»li^hWJ-U0^(f^A^^M^^*t / 1635 Ralfe King, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1637. John Walker. Humphrey Brooke, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1636, B.A. 22 April 1640, M.A. & M.B. 8 Dec. 1646. Nicholas Grice. 1637 Samuel Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1638, adm. B.A. 20 April 1642, M.A. 18 July 1655. William Conyers, el. St. John's, Oxford, 1639, adm. M.D. 6 July 1653. James Aston, el. to St. John's Oxford, 1639, M.A. 17 June 1646, Canon of Wells, &c. John Browne, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1637. Nicholas Carr. Arthur Buckeridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1639. 1638 John Osborn, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1639. Ffrancis Lowndes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1640, died Fellow, 1668. Corne. Hooker. Gyles Jenkins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1640. Thomas Lambe. 1639 John Wells, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1640, Pastor of St. Olave's Jewry, London. Lewis Griffith. William Hardinge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1641. William Levinz, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1641, B. & D.M. 19 June 1666, &cJi»9ndd.ll> John Exton. William Hughson. 1640 Benjamin Needler, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1642, B.CL. 14 April 1648, &cW Jonas Rawlins. David Hitchins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1642. Thomas Jones. 1641 James Thompson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1642. William Ffeke. Thomas Winnard, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1643, adm. B.D. 23 Aug. 1660, Rector of Crick in Northamptonshire//*/. "Jib. Andrew Yearde. Richard Quinny. 7n 2 1196 THE HISTORY OP John Redman. f- &^,7/u#William Beu£ el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1643^ adttu BJk„l» My MM, B.D, 12 „- WJ ' Sept. 1661, D.D. 23 June 1668, Vicar of St. SepulchrelfOM6ns^. f »»*^«/«^^V^ < ' 1642 William Moseley. William Mayneston. Daniell Bachelor, el. to St. John's, Oxford,. 1644,. but never admitted. William Lea, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1643. Edward Cooke, ek to St. John's s Oxford, provisionally, 1644. Richard Garford, el. to St. John's, 1645. Edward Tayler, el. to St. John's, Obcford, 1B45j but never admitted. 1643 John Speed, el. to St. John's, Oxfocd^ 1644, M. A. 2Q< Sept. 1660, B. & MM 19 June 1666. William Brooks. Joseph Kellet. 1644 Thomas Medlicott, el. to St. John's, Oxford,. 1645i but never admitted; John Branthwaite. John Broadgate, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1645, but never admitted. John Robinson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1645, but never admitted. Thomas Warner, el. to St. Johnls, Oxford, lflifl, but. not admitted till 1647., Keilway Keely. Richard Worraxk. 1645 Nathaniel Snow, el. to St. John's, Oxford; 1646). bub never admitted:. John Eldred. Alexander Dawes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1646, but never admitted, Samuel Taylor, el. to Sfc JohirV Oxford, 1646,. but. never admitted;. i William Wright, el. to John's, Oxford, 1646, but never* admitted. Samuel Birkley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1647. Robert Alvey. Thomas Handidey, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1647. 1646 Richard Thombson. Samuel GHHianaBHBR, d..ta>Sts John's, Oxford, 1643,. adm. B>D» 5 Dec: 1661. John Thurston. WlLLIAN SWALDEN. ■>.k-]$0 - RichardsDSjgard, el. to St. Jbhnfcj ©sfbrd}. 1650. Daniel Nicolls, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1648, adm. B.A. 1 April 1852s M. A. 15. Dec. 1657, Rector of Scotton in ILineolirekiiie. John Baker, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1648. 1647 Thomas Wy att, el. to St: Joint's, Oxford; 16«B, B*D. 5 Dec; 1661^ D.Bs 23 June 1666, Vicar of Melksham* and Rector of Bromham, Wilts.. Joseph Barker, el. to St. Jjahn'si, Qaufbrik 1648, buti never admitted.. Nathaniel Hall, adm.oflSt. Jbhn's,.0.»ford, 16481 i 1648, Thomas Jerard, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1648. John Ewer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1651 . Nath. ChanfoRD, el. to St_ JLohnisj, Oxfordy 1649: Thomas Wolnough. Roger Moss. CtT'oh.pe Aymee William Merifield, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 16&U adm. BvB* 29 -Nov. 1664s. Simon Haine. Jonathan Ward. 1649 Thomas Edwards, el. to St. John's, Oxford,: 185% adm; SLA, .3 April 1689,, Rectos of East Codford, Wilts. merchant-Taylors' school. 1197 Robert Saltern, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1649, but not admitted till 1650, adm. M.A. 1690, Rector ofKingston Bagpuze, Berks, wher ehe died 23 Oct. 1'7 03. Edward Rainesford. " " " " Job Royce, adm. of Pembroke College, Oxford, adm. B.A. 4 April 1655, &c.Wjtf7r 8" William Bedford, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1651. Henrie Palmer. 1650 Steven Alvey, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1652. ■Edward Thurman. John Trelawney. Thomas Hough, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1652. Jacob Butler. Thomas Greatbatch, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1652. Henry Sheafe. 1651 Ffrancis Sheppard. Thomas Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1653. Sam. Turnor, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1653, adm. M.A. 30 April 1660. Richard White, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1653, adm. M.A. 30 April 1660. Benjamin Bunting. John Brain, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1654. 1652 John Eldred, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1654, adm, MlA. 30 April 1661. Joseph Tailor, el. to St. John's, Oxford; 1655, adm. B.C.L. 16 April 1662, D.C.L. 22 June 1669. £,7,'&v i-Edward Bernard, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1655, adm. B.A. 12 Feb. 1659,31.A. J 6 April 1662, B.D. 9 June 1668, D.D. 30 Oct. 1684, Professor of &&xm] Dan. Aldridg, adra. of Jesus College, Cambridge, B.A, 1664, M.A. 1668. J Nath. Wickins. Edward Wrigglesworth, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1661, adro. M.A. 3 April 1669, B. &D.M. 10 July 1679, died 30 Sept, 1701, buried at St. Giles's, Oxford. Joshua Stanley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1663, adro. M.A. 15 April J671. 1661 Richard White, adm. of St, John's, Oxford, 1670, adm. M.A. 6 July, 1678. Simon Bailey, el, to St, John's, Oxford, 1662, adro. M.A. 26 March 1670, . «. John Heath. Benjamin Pool. .ggf Abraham^ Markland, el. to St, John's, Oxford, 1662, adro. B.A. 8 May 1666, M.A. 11 Feb, 1669, Senior of the Great Act celebrated on the 12th of July the same year, B.&D.D. 5 July 1692, PrebendajxJaOVjnJojjfeanO St. C ross, near Winch ester. 1694, died 29 July X^^^^^T^^^y/OMiMiM Jacob Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1663, adro. M.A. 15 April 1671. Daniel Brent. William Usborn. William Allott. Th. Dunn, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1663, Dunn in Indenture^ Elect. Archiv. in Turr. liii, 42. sed Donne ex Autogr, adm. B.A. abiit vel obiit Anno 1669. Nathan. Nicols. ^9,1662 EDWARD W^ple, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1663, adm. B.A. 7 May 1667, M.A. 15 y^/S-42/. April 1671, presented to the office of, Proctpr.14 April 1675, .adm. B.D. 22 June 1677, &c. &o?^/^' 2 -n^-#^^^2^^^ J W' J- Vji M V Antony Uphill, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1664. ' Samuell Eburn. Samuell Jennings, el. to St. John's College, Oxon, 1664, 1663 John King. John Cuney. Isaac Backhouse. (See among the First Undermasters.J Char. Rose, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1664. John Guest, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1665, adm. M.A. 22 March 1072^3. Joshua Lasher, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1664. 1664 John James, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1664, adm. M.A. 30 March 1672. Richard Blechenden, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1665, adm. M.A. 22 March 1672-3, B.D. 5 June 1679 ; preached a sermon at the consecration of Dr. Thomas White, Bishop of Peterborough, in the Archbishop's Chapel at Lambeth, 25 Oct. 1685, Rector of Crick in Northamptonshire, where he died and was buried-WC'"-' *97/'v Richard Leigh. Francis Baldwin, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1665, adm. M.A. 22 March 1672-3. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1199 JOSHUA Lasher, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1665, adm. M.D. 17 Dec. 1679, Regius Professor of Medicine 1718, died 29 March 1729, and buried at St. Aldate's, Oxford. Richard Warren, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1665, adm. B.C.L. 16 April 1670, D.C.L. 6 July 1676, RectojLpX_South Warneboroug h, H ants. John Rogers, el. to St. John's, OxftJa7TT566r-a^mTB^ATT^TS[arch 1670, M.A. 22 March 1673. He was afterwards Chaplain to George, Earl of Berkeley, and pub- lished A Sermon preached before the Corporation of Trinity House, in Deptford Strand, at the Election of their Master, 30 May 1681, on Jonah i. 6. London, 1681, quarto. 1666 Edward'Sparke, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1666, adm. B.C.L. 30 April 1673, died 30 Nov. 1675, and was buried in the Chapel of St. John's College, where a monu- ment wao shortly after erected to his memory by his disconsolate father, Dr. Edward Sparke, Chaplain to his Majesty King Charles Il)wwW»^/W*^ Tfl-iUy Nicolas Buckeridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1666, adm. B.C.L. 18 May 1671. He was afterwards Rectorof_ Bradwell juxta Mare, Ess ex, and died at West Ham in that county, where he was burle^^^//-/7v^ i ' ,8 * < * i ^*^ y ^^^^ i ^'' William Bayli c , el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1667, adm. M.A. 11 April 1674. Charles Layfield, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1666, adm. M.A. 11 April 1674, B.D. 5 June 1679, D.D. 5 July 1692. Prebendary nf Winchester Cathe dral. -where he was buried, fctyvfa <^W /^» • ^W%^ j^M^* ! ^ fo ^ /< *^' A Will. Gibbons, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1666, adm. M.A. 18 March 1675, B.M. 10 *y f />3/,fy$uly 1679, Doctor of Physic 9 May 1683. A small poem of his is nreserved in Bowyer's Miscellaneous Tracts, p. 617.-"** ?™ * 5" 7W -1? l * J wW'f7^UM *£< John Pakeman. ' 1667 Thomas Rose, adm. of Exeter College, Oxford, M.A. 25 June 1674, B.M. 14 June 1681, M.D. 7 July 1681. Thomas Clayton. Philip Ffoster, adm. of Oriel College, Oxford, M.A. 18 Jan. 1675, B.C.L. 11 Feb. 1686, D.C.L. 8 July 1687. Edward Barker, adm. of Christ Church, Oxford, M.A. 8 March 1674. Ffrancis Fferne, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, 17 June 1667, B.A. 1670, and, on the 26 March 1672, was chosen Fellow on Mr. Bailey's Foundation, M.A. 1674. Anthony Robinson. Richard Rolles. Henry Osbaston. Ambrose Bonwicke. (See among the Headmasters.) Jf/iyg Nicholas Delves, adm. of Sidney College, Cambridge, adm. B.A. 1671. Richard Oliver, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1669, adm. M.A. 7 April 1677, B.D. 5 July 1683, presented to the office of Proctor 13 April 1681, Archdeacon of Surrey, &c. 1668 Thomas Sayer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1669, adm. M.A. 7 April 1677, B.D. 4 July 1683. He succeeded Oliver as Archdeacon of Surrey, by the favour, of Bishop Mews, to whom he was Chaplain, D.D. 7 July \e & \™V'ifo3-l7'0.to'm/»«*H<#/k 1669 Daniel Pratt, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1669, adm. B.A. 30 April 1673, M.A. 7 April 1677, died about 1679, Arthur Buckeridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1670, adm. M.A. 7 April 1677, B.D. 5- July 1683, Rector of Crick£ Northamptonshire, where he died, and was buried 15 May 1706. Phanuel Bacon, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1670, adm. M.A. 23 March 1677, B.D. 9 July 1684, Vicar of ^St. Laurenc e| s, Reading, Berks, where he died. Rich. Battersby, el. to St. Jonn's, Oxford? 167l7 William Gibbon, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1670. 1671 John Fitzherbert, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1671, adm. B.C.L. 2 May 1678. William Conyers. 1,200 THJE HISTORY OJ? Richard Sanders. Thomas Hawes, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1671, adm. M.A. 2 May 1678. Stephen Harvey, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1671. Francis Duncomr. Francis Harding, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1673, adm. M.A. 3 April 1680. Author of a beautiful Poem on the Art of Flying, in the Musa? Anglican je. 1672 Godfrey Shuttlesvood, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1672. George Freman, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1673, adm. M.A. 2 May 1681, B.D. 8 July 1687. John Rudston, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1674, adm. BX,Lj30..June Jj680^ D.C.L./, 5 May 1685, died 5 Aug. 1691, and buried in St. tf^&fcJ^n^Mn&s? * William Angell. Jacob Thompson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1678. George Brandon, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1674. 1673 Thomas Sparks. Andrew Stage. . Laurence Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1674, adm. B.C.L. 25 June 1680, D.C.L. 23 Nov. 1686, Rector of South Warneborough, Hants, where he died 1727. Duncan Dee, adm. «f St. John's, Oxon, 1673, AscA^ .J?Z0 ~- John Blunkett. $ Q^ William Delaune, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1675, adm. M.A. 31 March 1683, B.D. 17 Oct. 1688, D.D. 7 July 1697, chosen President of St. John's March 1698, app. Vice-Chancellor 1702, and continued till 1706, Margaret Professor of Divinity, Prebendary-of Winchester 1714, Rect or of ■Chilholt oflja^aZSc?'^ ;Z ^- t /'^g" 1674 William Ward, adm. of Catharine Hall, CambridgeTBA 1678. William Turner, adm, of Clare Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1680, M.A. 1684. BENjAMiN Bonwicke. (See among the Second Undfirmaster^)/ 3 ^$3 . William Lowth, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1675, adm. M.A. 31 March 1688, B.D. 17 Oct. 1688, ^r^lWJl- £*■*•* Xt*.**/A 33 Richard Tillesley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1675, adm. BjCL. 23 May 1682, pre- sented by Compton, Bishop of London, to the vicarag e of Heston in Midd lesex, where he died 26 Ssjrt. 1712. John Clarke, el. to St. John's, Oxfcsd, 1675, adm. M.A/.17 March 1683-4. Ufa Thomas Hoy, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1675, adm. B.A. 12 May 1680, M.A.22 Mar. 1684, Bachelor of Physic 27 April 1686, Doctor of Physic S July 1689, &c?^ John Warren, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, B.A. 1678. Robert Styles. 1675 Samuel Blackborne. William Creed, adm. of Christ Church, Oxford, M.A- 6 March 1682, B.M. 18 Feb. 1687, M.D. 26 June 1694. Richard Hill, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, B.A. 1679, M.A. 1684. Charles Torriano, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1675, Simon Polhill. (See among the First Under/masters.) William Sherard, el. to St. John's. Oxford, 1677, adm, B,C;L. 1» Dec 1683, D.C.L. 23 June 1694, &c .^**}/2-W £4 *W ***■ UUi /> UfO Thomas May, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1677, adm. B,A. 1681-2, M.A. U April 1685, Master of Reading Sehool.C**™ &" f^^^p 1>W* Thomas Bell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1677, adm. B.C.L. 2 Dec. 1684, 1676 Charles Tadlow, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1678, adm. B.A. 1682-3, M.A. 27 March 1686, B.M. 22 Jan. 1690, D.M. 7 Dec. 1693, Astronomical Lecturer 1716, &c. William Davis, el. to St. John's, Oxford,, 1678, adm. B.A. 1682-3, M.A. 27 March 1686, M.D. , practised as a Physician at Oporto, where he died. Hen. Bear. Sam. Pratt, created D.D. by Royal Mandate at Cambridge, 1697. 1677 Stephen Heath, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1679, adm. B.A. 1683-4. MERCHANT-TAYLORS' SCHOOL. 1201 Wixliam Fisher. Edward Combe, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1679. , Richard Graham. George Piggot, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1679, adm. B.A. 1683-4, M.A. 19 March 1686, B.M. 17 Dec. 1690, D.M. 22 July 1693. John Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford* 1679* adm. B.C.L. 23 Nov. 1686.. 1678 Benjamin Walford. ? / Francis Lee, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1679, adm. B.A. 9 May 1683-4, M.A. 19 Mar. 1687, Chaplain to John Lord Stanwell* of Somersetshire, 1691, ^J^^^^dl'^ Robert Coningsry. (See among the First Undernmsters.) James Aston. r * f " « 1679 Samuel Blundell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1681, adm. B.A. 1685-6,, M.A. 23 March 1688, B.D. 16 March 1694-5; RectorJigLa£_g mgstott Bagpuze, in Berkshire, and afterwards of Codford, in Wilts. i William Joyner. William Peirce, adm. of Emanuel College, Cambridge,„B.A. 1684j,M.A, 1688, B J). WillSbennet?" S ° me GrCek UneS t0 BaraCS ^^X^^&^», John Windser. Charles Shelly. (See among the First Undermasters.) Richard Roach, el. to St. John's, JDxford, 1681, adm. B.A. 1685-6,. M.A.,23 March , 1688, B D. 4 July 1695, &c. ™** H-tdfcf&ji fa 7^0m^^ -W aty vb - )y3 MJ Nathaniel Markwick, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1682, adm. B.A. 1686-7, M.Af 12 April 1690, B.D. lFeb. 1695, Rector of East Brent, Somersetshire, &c. 1680 Theodore Webb. Leonard Hastings. William Price. James Couse. Francis Gregory. '- * Thomas Seymore. 1681 Samuel Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1683, adm. B.A. 1687-8, M.A. 4 April 1691, B.D. 18 March 1696, Chaplain to Sir Thomas Rawlinson, Lord Mayor of London, 1706, and, towards the latter end of that year, presented by the. College to the living of Cncky in the county of Northampton. He died in London 19 Nov-. 1719, and was buried in the Church of St.. Stephen-, Coleman Street. IOCS. Charles Blake, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1683. adm. B.A., 1687-8, M.A, 4 April 1694, 3-D. .8 March 1696, & & J>.pJ7fZ^£' f ^Zl-i7.30t'^/^faiidtntj / /;t,3l. Philip Stubs, adm, commoner of Wadham College, Oxford, M.A. 15 June 1689, B.D. 3 July 1722, &c. (i | &• John Cooke, el. to St. John's, Oxford^ 1684, adm. B.C.L. 31 March 169L D,C.L. 231 June 1694, Dean of. the, Arches, &c. died 10 Sept. 1799, , agefflK ^^^Wi' ' 1682 John King. . Edward Lilly, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1684, adm. B.A. 1688-9, MA. 19 March • . 1691, Proctor 1698, B.D. 27 April 1699. Joseph Kentish. , Joseph C^eeve. 1683 Alexander Torriano, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1685, adm. B.CX. 3 April 1693, D.C.L. 22 April 1706.^'^ pti-7-™"9WWfi0jfrt**JFU7-llJ Richard Blechynden, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1685, admf B.C.L. 27 April 1691, D.C.L. 13 Feb. 1695. James Barker. George Conyers, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1685, adm. B.C.L. 3 April 1693, D.C.L. 4 April 1715, died at London, 1726.*^^'*^« CM^<%u^/xU/, ^^ _ 1684 Andrew Crisp, adm. of Oriel College, Oxford, M.A. 26 Oct. 1693. 1202 THE HISTORY Of , 1685 John Pridie, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1687, adm. B.A. 1091--2, MA. 16 March 1694, B.D. 12 April 1.701, Vicar of Northmore, died at HorslydoWn in Southwaik,1708. Nicholas Zinzano, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1687., aim. B^ 1691-2, M,A» 16 Mar. 1694, Rector ofJt-MjirJtfniOjUwHAr^don?^^^^ William Dawes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1687, -ronaved to CatharmeHall, Cam- bridge, 1689, adm. M.A. 1695, D.D. 1698, & c 7 , ?l'»'.'M*:«WWM-« 3«?. James Lardner, adm. of Christ's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1691, M.A. 1695. <'. Moses Wiles, el. to St. John's, "Oxford, 1688, adm. B.A. 1693-3, M.A. 4 April 1696, B.D. 13 May 1702, D.D. 16 May 1711, Vicar-Of _Northmore. Oxon . Rector of Chalfont St. Giles's, Bucks, Rector of Tackley, Oxon, 1726, where he died Oct. 12, 1743, aged 73. T John Stiles. : 1686 Charles Woodroff, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1688, adm. B.C.L. 13 June 1696, D.C.L. 20 June 1704. a Prebendary of Winchester, &K$kM.JSJ-7Ztf James Biss, adm. of Wadham College, Oxford, M.A. 19 Jan. 1693, B.A. 22 April 1697, D.M. 2 June 1701. '. . 1687 Richard Cantrell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1688, B.A. 1692-3, &cMi 7 7 y5 John Gardiner, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1689, B.A. 1693-4, died 1694. George Aldrich, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1689, adm. B.A. 1693-4, M.A. 27 March 1697, Vicai^M^rJaington, diei'lTOO. James KNiGHTTelTtaSt; John's, Oxford, 1690, adm. B.A. 1694-5, M.A. 17 May 1698, B.& D.D. 29 Oct. 1719, VicarofJ^SegujcJiieXXondon, &c?" , ™5 :l t>- / 735~ Thomas Smith, el. to St. John's, "0^!ora7T69X M.A. 1 April .1699, Proctor 1704, B.D. 26 April 1705, Rector of Bagborough, Somersetshire, of Which he was Pa- tron, died and buried at Hanborough 25 Sept. 1729. 1688 Edward Kingsborough. Thomas Gilmore. Robert Philipson. Edmond Archer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1691, adm. M.A. 1 April 1699, B.D. 26 April 1705, D.D. 16 May 17.1L resigned Fellow 19 May 1713, Rector of North Petterton, Somersetshire, &C.***"* '73jJ • Peter Jennens, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1690, adm. B.C.L. 17 Jan. 1698, D.C.L. 6 July 1704, died at Oxford 1730, and buried at Long Wittenham, Berks. 1689 William Thomas. William Bridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1691, adm. M.A. 1 April 1699, B.M. 16 May 1702, B.D. 16 April 1706, D.D. 16 May 1711, &c. died Fellow 5 Sept. 1737. Abell Evans, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1692, adm. M.A. 23 March 1699, B.D. 26 April 1705, JD.D. 16 May 1711, Rector of West Cheain, Surrey, where he died 1737# #*W* Put X urfA o o • koHi / Amoc^lHiJf^iUx i&hZUU - Francis Farrington. 1690 Joseph Taylor. Thomas Parsell. (See among the Headmasters.) Edmond Pickering. Valentine Haywood, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1693, , adm. M, A. .12 April 1701, Rect or of Bac on's Thorpe a nd Bodham, Norf olkr^^ ,tT ^ zr -^ sr/ g **/ *& * 1691 Joseph Willcox, adm. of Magdalen College, Oxford, M.A. 28 June 1698, B. & D.D 16 May 1709, ftc. , * i *P7»-tf [ *WW'. 1 i^A^» , . $ - m . Theodore Challoner, adm. of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, M,A. 12 May 1698. William Gregory, el. to St, John's, Oxford, 1693, ordained Deacon by Cbmpton, Bishop of London, 24 Sept. 1699, adm. M.A. 12 April 1701, B.D. 16 April 1706, Vicar of Coleshill, Berks. John Gillman. (See among the Second Undermasters.) h /!$$ ,h tl.<>. 1697 Daniel Neale. Samuel Mather. Samuel Pratt, adm. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B*A. 1701. Daniel Primrose, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1700, adm. B.C.L. 11 April 1706, D.C.L, 16 May 1711, Chaplain to the English Merchants at Oporto, Reetor ^of South Waa- neborough, Hant s, 22 March 1727, died 16 Oct. 1761. John Baker. Samuel Harris. 1698 Richard Walker. Robert. Russell. TvathanieliSalter. - cr John Goodwin, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 19 June 1701. ft «-/;*4» »*■//*»• Thomas Cox. 1699 Nicholas Stapehorst. Samuel Speed. Willj am Brown. . Robert Wats, el. to St. John's. Oxford, 1702, adm. B-C^viMjW/lTO?, resigned Oct, John 1^i*yth -* \ 170Q Peter Roufignac, of Trinity College, Cambridge, B.A. 1705, M.A. 1709. 1204 THE HISTORY OF ; & AM47~4f0 John Andrew, of Trinity Hall, Cambridge,/.B.C.L. 1706, D.C.L. 1711, &cjk#"£ "74" ' Nathaniel Thompson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1702, adm. B.C.L. 28 Jan. 1709, ' D.C.L. 4 April 1715, resigned Nov. 24, 1731, Re ctor of Radley in. the county of Berks, at the presentation of Sir John Stonehouse, Bart, Rect or of Sunningwell. Berk s, and of Duns-tew. Q xon. ■ ■ >'■ ,. . * ' ~' ' 1701 John Gyles, el. to St. JohTsTUxfbrd, 1702, M.A. 5 Jtily 1710, B.D. 12 May 1716, Vicar of Stoughton magna, Huntingdon, where he was buried 18 April 1738. William Pinfold, of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, B.C.L. 1707. ' •vl Samuel Phillips, el, to St. John's, Oxford, 1708, -&c. ' •--' - .Samuel Golty, adm. of Emanuel College, Cambridge, B. A. 1705, migrated to Pem- broke Hall, M.A. 1709. Robert Fransham, 1702 Thomas Brereton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1704, adm. B.C.L. 2 June 1711, Minor Ca non of Winchester. .. Robert Burd, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1704, adm. M.A. 12 April 1712, migrated to Worcester College, where he was admitted B.M. 17 May 1717,- D.M. 7 July 1721. William Peche. (See among the Second Undermatters.J Thomas Giffard. Richard Gilman, el. to St. JoWs, Oxford, 1705, adm. B.A. 1709-10, M.A. 28 March 1713, Deacon 18 Dec. 1715, Priest 27 May 1716, B.D. 18 June 1718. Christopher Pack, adm: Doctor of Medicine at Cambridge, .Com. Reg. 1717. 1703 Thomas Tooly, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1705, adm. M.A. 28 March 1713, Rector * of Kilmarsh, Northamptonshire, May 16, 1737, &c. Joseph Territ, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1705, adm. B.A. 1709 10, M.A. 28 March 1713, B.D. 24 April 1719, Vicar of Putley, Herefordshire, died 15 April 1724. . William Holmes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1707, adm. B.A. 1711-12, M.A. 9 April 1715, Proctor 1721, B.D. 13 April 1722, D.D. 5 March 1724, chosen President of St. Johns 1728, appointed Vice-chancellor 1732, &x.W$tdi>-l.7U'Z' 1704 Francis Reade. v , Charles Wheatley, el. Founder's kin Fellow at St. John's, Oxford, 1767, adm. B.A. 1709-10, M.A. 28 March 1713, Vicar pf Furneux Pelham, Hertford, &c \vJ^J^Pj/ Thomas Barton, el. to St. John's, Oxford," 1707, died scholar 1708. »?*** Robert Drew, of King's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1710, M.A. 1719. 1705 Thomas«Burket. ■'* John Preston, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1707, adm. B.A. 1711-12, M.A. 9 April 1715, resigned June 11, 1719, Remembrancer of London. Robert Blunt, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1707, adm. B.A. 1711-12, M.A. 9 April 1715, died May 3, 1720. Thomas Peck, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1708, adm. B.A. 1713-14, Deacon 18 Dec. 1715, M.A. 24 March 1715, resigned March 21,1719-20, died at North Petherton, Somersetshire. 1706 Thomas Walton. Thomas Fogg, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1708, adm. B.A. 1713-14, ordained Deacon at Fulham by Ottley, Bishop of St. David's, 31 May 1713, M.A. 24 March 1715, resigned May 4, 1719, Minister of Kew, died 1721. [\)¥\1Q1 Charles Parkin, ad m. of Pembr okeHall. jJambridge, B.A. 1711, JV LAl1717, &c>*** William Snell. "" n '- ■>- Alexander Stopford Catcott, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1709, adm. B.C.L. 6 March 1717, resigned 1722, Rector of St. Stephen's, Bristol, &c. died 1749, aged 57. Laurence Jackson, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, adm. B.A. 1712, chosen Fellow of Sidney College,. in the same University, where he was admitted M.A. in 1716, B.D. 1723, &2f™W-#H&* > x h u ' * Ambrose Bonwicke, adm. scholar of St. John's, Cambridge, &c.titifm ) k^- 1+?vf-&4^h $; 3 1709 John Brailsford, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, BiAi 1712, M.A. 1717. Thomas Biggs. John Jones, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1712, ordained Deacon by Potter, Bishop of a « Oxford, 29 Sept. 1717,< Headmaster of Oundle School? Northampton, by the Gro- ' ' cers' Company, 12 Feb. 1718, ordained Priest by the Bishop of Oxford, 21 Dec. 1718, presented by the Bishop of London to the living of Uppingham, in'the bounty of i- 1y: Rutland, B.C.L. 9 April 1720, &c. «s William Shirley, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 31 July 1710, B.A. 1714. 5 1710 John Smith, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1713, Deacon 29 Sept. 1717, Priest 21 Dec. 1718, M.A. 26 May 1721, Proctor 1727, VicarofJJorthJLeigh^Oxon, B.D. 7 May 1728, died at Opdrto, 1730. ~ John Gilbert, of Merton College, Oxford, M.A. 1 Feb. 1717, &cJRMm a, George Watts. " John Whilshere. ' John Gunston. Henry Bland. •" ■. - ■ • John Locker frwsil Hill 1711 John Dry, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1713, adm. M.A. 12 June 1721, B.D. 7 May 1728, D.D. 12 July 1735, resigned 1736, Vicar of St. Se pulchre's. London, fflWS~^ Jos. Hall, adm. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1715. ' -'■■• Isaac Sharpe, el. to St; John's, Oxford, 1713, adm t M;A. Curate of Stepney, where he died 1718. John CooEe, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1713. Samuel Downs, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1715-820^7 f.rHZ-^fe 1712 Edmund Day. (See among the Second Undermasters.) '' Thomas Lamb. Thomas Mann Gibbs. 1713 Sud. Framp. Verb. 1 William Hampton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 17ie> resigned May 25, 1727, Rector ' ' ■ of Street and Ovingdeane, Sussex. John Spateman, adm, of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B.A; 1718, M.A. 1734. Nicholas Amhurst, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1716, &efr^rtofowd i *Wt?sAl%i,\l& Samuel Russell. * ' 1714 Humfry Taylor, adm. of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, (before he left school,) 22 Aug. 1713, B.A. 1717, M.A. 1721. Hen. Gosling. ■"■ i ' "' '--\ Richard Brounker. (.•-•.■ "* '** *° l Thomas Speed/ el. to St, John's,' Oxford, 1717, adm. M.A. 20 Mar: 1724, died 1729, and buried at Cheshunt, Herts. 1715 Lawrence Martell, of Clare Hall, Cambridge, adm. B.M. 1721, D.M. 1726. Thomas Parry. .<■.».. .^Elfred Staples. : • , i . ■ ..•••..'• • ..' ;• w»:.-?'..'«»■..«: 1716 James Fowler, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1718. 1206 THE HISTORY OF 1718 John Stracey, el. to St. John's, Oxford" 1717, adra. B.C.L. 18 April 11*24, Resigned 1730, Recorder of Loudon, knighted Nov. 25, 1748, died the next month Dec. 27, 1748. Laurence Cooke, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1718, adm, B.C.L. 23 April- 1725. George Torriano. , , ," . :: John Coppin. y r, -' Edward Amhurst, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1716. <->"', t 1717 Gilbert Lacy, el. to St. John's, Oxford,, 1719; acta., ALA. 20 April 1727, John Parker. : . . • , ,,,. John Cleeve, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1719. adm. 20 April 1*727, B.D, 17 MayTL732, resigned June 7 t 1734, Recto r of High Laver, Essex .ft^ / V)/'H ?W in£l h ^^ John Bennet. • ■ > ' ., Thomas Kemp, el. to St, John's, Oxford; 1719, adm. M.A. 20 April 1727, B.D. 17 May 1732, DJ). 28 May 1736, resigned 1739,, Rector of West Cl|eam, Surrey, died 1769./4V V- VWWW ^■fh^Uin'tlj i+fck 7 J '?■ William Boudry, el. to St. John's, Oxford, *1719, admt M.A. 20 ApriH727, B.D. 17 May 1732, Vicar of StjJ^aureuc^s^-Jteading, 1733, Rector of ; Checkenden, and Lo ng Han boroug h, Oxon, resigned Nov. 16, 1734, died July 17617~7^ ■=". William CpbKE, el. to SuToTfoV Oxford, 1720, adm, B.C.L. 20 April 1727. . r; Hawley Bishop, eLteJ^JdjH's/, Oxford, 1720,; adm. B.C.L. 22 March 1727, D.C.L. 15 Dec. 1738, / i iTO 4gn c dF June 11, 1742, Rector of Crick, Northamptpnshire/^/^7 Samuel Smith, adm- of Trinity HaMi Cambridge, BYc.L. 1727- ■'• > - !. Thomas Harrison. 1719 Joseph Bracebridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1720, adnu M.Ai 11 July 1729, died 1731. Robert Pemberton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1720, adm. M.A. 12 April 1728, B.D. '■ 9 April 1733, D.D. 6 Nov. 1742, Prebendary of Leckford, Hants, 1743, died Jan. 3, 1758. William Derham, el. to St, John's, Oxford, 1721, adm. M.A- 2® IVJarch 1729, Proc- tor 1736, B.D.. 29 April 1737, ordained Deacon by the Bi?hpp of Oxford, ,19 Sept. 1742* D.D. 6 NoV;17J2j Priest by the same 19 Dec. 1742, chosen President of St. John's, 1748.^ '*>*'• '7 •' 7*7 Edward Moore, adm. of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, B.C>L. Com. Reg. 1728.. Nicholas Fayting. (See among the First Undermasiers.) h " £ Henry Clarke. : 1720 John James, adm. of Clare Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1724, M.A. 1728. Bryan Jackson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1722, died Fellow 1733. Richard Twigger. : j ?.;- ■ John Speed,, el; to St. John's, Oxford, 1722.,, adm. M,A> 21 March 1728* B#. 1 Dee. 1732, aud D.M, 11 July 1740, resigned 28 May 1741, practised as a Physician at • r Southampton. .-.;', 1721 Vinal Tavener, el, to St. John's, Oxford,, 1722, resigned June 1732, died.' 20 May 1734, at Kingston, near Lewes, Sussex, where he was buried. William Pestell, el. to St. John's* Oxford, 1723,, adin. B.C.L. 5 May 1731,; difd. 28 May 1732, aged 28. James Phillips. i \\ John Burn. ( See among the First Undermasters.} <=■ Thomas Berdmore^ -adm. of Lincoln College, Oxford, B.A. Feb. 1725, M.A. 28 June 1732- -,.-,-,,..;,,; , Richard King, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1^4, adm. B.A. SlFeb.; 1727, M.A. 5 May 1731, resigned June 25, 1738, Rector o f King ston, Berks, 7 June 1738. 1722 Dillingham Boswell, adm. of St. JoffiTs; CambridgeTBX^f Wf, M - A - 173 1 - William Dowding, el. to St, John's, Oxford, 1724, adm. BiA* 81 Feb, 17.27, M.A.. 3 Nov. 1730. v .'it! ,')io<.. . ;'.;--l .1': c-: ' .r ■ ' ~ r MERCHANT-TAYLORs' SCHOOL. 1207 v.V l. SkMUEKflLAR*;, el. to St. John's, Oxford* 17S5, adm. M. A. 15 March 1732, B.D. 17 May 1738, resigned 6 June 1740. Jam. Bateson. n . ; S-ci l JftHNltasRARD.d. to St. John's, Oxford, 1725, adm. M.A. 5 July 1733, B.D: 17 May 1738, died Fellow March 1, 1762. 1/723 Thomas Pickering, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1725, adm. M.A. 5 July 1733, B.D. ■^•iq.. 13 Feb, 1736, D.D. 14 Jan. 1742, resigned Oct. 7, 1749, Vicar of St. Sepulchre's. Lond on, died Jan. 20,JL7_62^ it .A.: James Wachter" ~~ , , . "I ^< .Thomas Brewster, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1724, adm. B.A. 21 Feb. 1727, M.A. 7 Dec. 1S32, B.&D.M. 10 July 1738, resigned Feb, '13, 1735. Daniel BRooker. (See among the Second Undermasters.)/> //$/+, ,. Richard Green, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1726, adm. M.A. 30,May 1734, B.D. 10 May,1739, D.D. 14 Jan. 1742, resigned July 19,. l^ae/^?*/^** n,tb/.?M. 1724 Daniel Cooper. •■ . ,, Charles North, el. to St, John's, Oxford, 1726, adm. M.A. 27 March 1735, died Fel- low 5 Dec. 1735, and was buried at St. Mary Magdalen's, Bermondsey* of which he was Curate. Thomas Berdmore, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1727, admj M.A 27 March 1735, B.D. 26 April 1740, D.D. 26 Jan. 1743, resigned 19 April 1750. Isaac Brodedrick. , 1725 George Hall- . ... u, :, .. ;■ William Roe, adm. of Clare Hall r Cambridge*. B.A. 1729. , i-~. i William Shackleford, adm. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1732, M.A. 1736. Thomas WIngfield. ( See amonglthe Third Undetiriusterii. )/?//&£ . ... -'^ 1726 Edward Berdmore, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1728, adm. B.C.L. 22 May 1735, D.C.L. 23 Feb. 1741, resigned April 11, 1759, died July 31, l7e9.#W&Jt ?Uv/%)"?l Dan. Chadsley, adm. of Merton College, Oxford, B.C.L. 25 May 1737. Paul Batchellor, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1729, adm. B.C.L. 21. Nov. 1735, D.C.L. 23 Feb. 1741, died Fellow May 27, 1744. George Conen, -el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1729, adm. M.A, 13 May 1737, B.D. 21 May 1742, D.D. 19 March 1745, died Fellow DA. 1750, and buried at St. Giles's, Oxford. , i . Ui .,' « Thomas Parsell. 1727 George Pigot-t, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1729, adm. B.C.L. 14 Oct. 1736, died Fellow 1737. John Hubbock, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1730, adm. M.A. 24 Jan. 1737, resigned June 4, 1739, Vicarof_Frome, m^OTS^hire.f^^^^Z&J^ 1 & >»ff June 4, 1739, Vicar ot_Frome> m UOrsetshire.^^^gZ^A^?^^^^^^^ f. William Territt, el. to St. John's, Oxfora7T731, adm/M-A. 18 Jan. 1738, resigned' June 11, 1742, Rector of Bainton in Yorkshire. n*>?*m.iy$Z-/.l&±A4 j-j-l./, f 1728 John Robinson. > ' John Preston. ■ , v. - -1729 Arnald King, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1731, adm. B.C;L. 29 April 1737, ares 1738, Rector of St. Michael's, Cornhill, London, died Junel7, 1771, ag*ft5L. JOHN Loyd, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1731, adm. M.A. 20 Feb. 1738, Proctor 1744, B.D. 3 May 1745, resigned 'May 28,H745, D.D. 23 Jan. 1756, presented to the living of Stow in the county of Northampton.**^^/ "' Wj fi*WV £ *™*« Henry Bukchall. •*" -A ! - ■■ -I "> .i •■ ; -i ■.«,- .. ~-l -George Hay, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1731. ,^dm. B.C.L. 29 April 173,7, D.C.L. 23 Feb. 1741, &c.^^''77fr^''7^A*^/^95~^^ 1730 Jos. Green; *Y>fi • ' ,,-■., . . 1- .- -".'ir i John Williams.,^/.^ •• • <.<-.. ..-, •">■ < Abel MoisEY^elfte St.'Jdhrt's, Odford, 1732, adnU.M.A. 14 Jan. 1739, B.M. 15 Oct. V~ ;, - 1741. resigned 1742^, D^NPA4^une 1745, practisedias a. Physkianat Bath, &c. ie ■OM<, 1208 i ooh the; history/ ob r i a yi MoHNSrateR, el. to St. }ohtt's K Qn{orditni,,itdia., M.A/ 2,9 Feb. 1730, B.D. 3 May 1745, D.D. 9 July ? 1750, resigned <& $ Fellowship 30 Nov,, 1758, on fiteine presented -/?/«7 to the living of Crick in the county of Northampton. He died lWtoaffii-''*?^**, Edward Bridges Blacked, el. to S|# John's,, Oxford, 1732^ adm. B.C.L. 7 July 1739, D.C.L. 7 Nov. 1747, resigned 25 Feb. 1753. JAMEs'WEfindN; el. to.St. -John's, Oxford, 1738,. adm. M.A. 9 Feb. 1739, B.D. 3- May ■ i'iA 1745 y D.D, 9 yujy 175ft, resigned; liiiFellowsbip.12.Feb. 17JS3, oh being presented ,,. to the living of Chalfont St. Peter's in theaoutfty of Bttcks"/^'?''//^-^*^* 1731 John Monro, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1733, resigned 11 Jane 1740, adm. M.A. 11 €•»' ' Jdly* 1740,' appointed, travelling .'■ Fdlow on Dr. Radcliffe's found&tiony migrated to University; College^ where he was admitted B.M; 10 Dec, 1743, D.ML Jby diploma, 27 June 1747.^^ t 7^I.9 , »^'^/^^A*«*^^»K^^/^i/, Zt-F/ip a \x Thomas SHEFHERD/adm. of St. J»hnV Oxford. 1733., rj t T,W&\l\ John Moore* adm. of- St. John's, Oxford,, 1732, admrM.A. of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1756, Rectorof jit. Bartholomew's : the-Great. &c/*^fc^. >%k% ANTHONY Natt, adm. of WafTham College, Oxford, adm/M.A. 31 Oct. 1739,, Rector of Standon, Herts, and NettesweH, KssexF^WW '}^* *■*■ k/Ul S'^Ut-V- 1732 Thomas Stockton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1734, died Fellow 20 Jan. 1738. James TownleY. (.See. among the Headmasters.) William Hay,. el. to St* John's, Oxford, 1734, died Fellow June 27, 1743. William Perkins, el. to St. John's, Oxford. 1734, died Fellow 1740. John Territt, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1735, adm. M.A. 9 Feb. 1742; B.D. 5JfBy 1748, resigned his Fellowship 3 Aprill752i on being, presented to the Rectory of - , 'So U thJi[e^^sex.H f ^/^/T^/^^*^/y/. , .^f 1733 Capel Berrow, adm. of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1 adm* M.A. 1758, Reader at Ser- jeants' Inn, &aJ- ■'.' '! ;.L- .'}<) j.-. John Saunders, e». to Si. John's, Oxfordi 1735, adm. M.A. 26Jan.l5'42, B.D. 5 May 1748, D.D. 7 Feb. 1752, resigned 17604 rRector: of Winterborn, Gloucester. 1734 William Cokayne, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1736, adm. M.A. 9 July ,1744, Proctor 1750, B.D. 4 July 1751, Professor of Astronomy in Gresham College, D.D. 13 . Jiity.1754, Chaplain: to Eatfc Granville,. Rector of KUkharnpton in Cornwall 1763* resigned his Fellowship Nov. 18, 1764. WLtfc&SM.LiLfciK. . * j ■" .,''•■. .'•':;. ■■ / '■• William Cave, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 17,36, adm. B.C X.. 23 June 1743, resigned . « April 16, 17.45. J,* n. •'..;, , ' .: , r. .:•*'.■' ;«.u,: .7;' Will. Williams. , , n u U' ■.'.-.. :■■• . ,-.'< !."•*. Francis Holland. ;. . 1735 James Rands. Thomas Hughes, adm. of Trinity Hall, Cambridge^ B.O.L. 1745. : ■■ ■ <>„ ///-A' John Casberd, el. to St. John's* Oxford, 1738, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1746!, B.D. 4 July ' * 1751, D.D. 18 July 1755, resigned March 17i 1766, Vicar of St. Augustuie's,:Bristol.. Robert Washbo.urne k ej.ta S\> John's, Oxfordi 1738, adm. B.C.L, 13. July 1745, died Fellow 1749. '.;■ r.- fi ^o-.'jrr ■'•'■■■''■ Aug. Bryan, adm. of Jesus College, Cambridge; B.A. 1739, M«A% 1744? ; 1736 JOHN HarbIn*. eL to St. Jphhjs, Q*fc(rd,l>l<7a8v adm. M,A, 11. July 1747, B.D. 28 Apr.. 1752, D.D. 2 March 1756..' died Fellow 1762. .,, M i.:r .d: ' Richard Main Wearing, eL. to St, John's, Oxford, 1738, expelled July 13, 1741. _ ; James Dance, adin. of St. John's,. Oxford, 1737. .,-.') Thomas WealeS, *1. to. St. Jtfbn'siC^fo.fd* 1738, resigned his. Fellowship 17 June 1767, .■y> on being presented to the Vicarage,ofJ> t-:S.epuichrefs . { See among the Third Un- MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1209 173* JOHN DUNCAN, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1739, adm. M.A. 11 Feb. 1746, B.D. 28 April 1752, D.D. by decree of Convocation 6 May 1757, presented to the livmgjjfjsouth Waftteborg ugh, Hant s, resigned his Fellowship 19 July 1763, died 28 Cec.l808^*fcvl AshTon THORP, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1739, adm. M.A. 25 June 1747, B.D. 28 April 1752, D.D. 8 July 1758, Rector of Taekley in ■Oxfordshir e.*'** < u o'9- n 9U-^jJi 1738 William Gardiner, el. to*St. John's, Oxford, 1789, adm. M.A. 11 Feb. 1746, B.D. 8 July 1752, prese nted to the Re ctory of Kin gsdowne, in Kent, Aj»ril24^1754, but died on the 5th of the followinglnonffi; ' ~~" Richard Oswyn, adm. of Catharine HaH, Cambridge, B.A. 1742, M.A. 1746. Peter Whalley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1740, adrfl. B.C.L. 29 Jan. 1768, resigned his Fellowship 15 May 1750, Grammar Master of Christ's Hospital. 1768, preached before the sons of the Clergy, 17 May 1770, &e. }*> "t^ l??,Uy*7 William Oldham, adm. of Peter House, Cambridge, B.A. 1750, M.A. 1754, Fellow and classical Tutor of his College. 1745 Benjamin Shield, adm. of Trinity College, Cambridge, B.A. 1750, M.A. 1758. Richard Brinknell, adm. of Christ Church, Oxford, M.A. 27 May 1752. John Bluck, adm. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1750„ M.A. 1754, Curate of St. Andrew's, Hoi born. • Edward Rowe. Mores, ■adm. »f Queen's College, Oxford* B.A.. 12. May 1750. adm„ John Lloyd. w «»-^.»«***"»»fca..*«*ftn^j r » William Moore. 1746 Matthew Disney, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1748, adm. M.A. 4 Feb; 1756, B.D. 21 April 1761, Curate of St. Botolph's, Aldgate, London, died Fellow 8 March 1768. James Altham, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1749, adm. M.A. 23 June 1759, resigned his Fellowship 14 March 1757. , , , Thomas Weston, adm. of St. John's,. Cambridge, B.C.L. 1753. William Fullerton, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1749, resigned his Fellowship 26 Oct. 1759. William Ellis, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, adm. B,A. 1752, and 10 April 1753 chosen a Fellow of that College on Bishop Dee's Foundation, adm. M.A. 1755, Minister of Allhallows Staining, London, &c. 1747 John Browne, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1750, died scholar in 1753. Samuel ShuCkford, adm. of Caius College, Cambridge, B.A. 1753. fl/^'JAMES Roquette, adm. of St, John's, Oxford, 1748, died 8»»w 1770. ' William Bowles, adm. of Peter House, Cambridge, B.A. 1753, died soon after taking orders. 1748 Thomas Green. (See among the Headmasters.) ' ' ■/l'py%~ William jDisney, adm. of Trinity College, Cambridge, B.A. 1753, M, A, 1756, B4>. 1768, Regius Professor of Hebrew at Cambridge. Re ctor of Pluckly in Kent , &c. Samuel Bishop. (See among the Headmasters.) 1749 Thomas Altham, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1750, adm. B.C.L. 14 March 1757, D.C.L. 19 March 1765, resigned his Fellowship on marriage 25 Feb. 1766. Richard Walter, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1751„ adm. B.A.. died 16 May 1757. Edward Warneeord, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1752„ adm. M.A. 5 Feb, 1760, B.D. 24 April 1765, Rector of Winterbourne in Gloucestershire.. Thomas Brathwaite, adm. of St. John's, Oxford,, 1751> adm. M.A. 3 Feb.. 1758. Arnold King. Charles Warneford, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1752, adm. M-A- 24 Jan, 1760, B.D. 24 April 1765, resigned his Fellowship on occasion of marriage 6 Dec. 1767, Vicar of Shustoke and Quinton, and Lecturer, of St. Martin's, Birmingham,.;, 1750 William Taylor. ' < .. Edmund Tew, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1753, resigned 4 May 1755.. .. ; , Wasey Sterry, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1753, adm. B.A-,29 April 1757, M.A. 14 Jan. 1761, resigned his Fellowship on occasion of his marriage 10 March 1766. 1751 Moses Porter, el. to St. John's* Oxford, 1753,. adm. B.A. 29 April 1757., M.A. 25 Feb. 1764, B.D. 23 May 1767, Curate and Lecturer of.Clapham, Surrey, resigned his Fellowship on occasion of marriage 31 Dec. 1771, died 5 Sept. 1791 . Robert Scotch er. , . Archibald Brakenridge, eL to St. John's, Oxford, 17.54, adm, B.C.L. 14 Jan.. 1761, . F.S.A. di ed Fell ow 18 April-1766> . ., ■>„-,<> • •? ^ a MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1211 SAMUEL Vickers, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1754, adm. M. A. 11 July 1763, Proctor 1767, B.D. 20 April 1768, resigned his Fellowship on occasion of marriage 27 July 1768. 1752 Henry Ellis. Samuel Kettilby, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1754, adm. M.A. 21 June 1762, B.D. 23 May 1767, D.D. 8 July 1772, Rector of Sutton, Bedfordshire, Vicar of St. Bar tholo me w's the Less,, and Professor at Gresham College, diedjk*^*"-^"*/^^ ■ ThomasJohnson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1755, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1763, died Fel- low 21 Nov. 1763, buried at Great Burstead, Essex, where there is a tablet to his memory. John Brakenridge, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1755, died Scholar the same year. 1753 William Brakenridge. William Finch. Tilly Walker, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1755, adm. M.A. 11 July 1767, Vicar of Mears Ashby, Northampton, died 1754 Thomas Wingfield. Francis Finch, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1756, adm. B.A. April 18 1760, M.A. 25 Feb. 1764, B.D. 6 May 1769. William Agate, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1756, adm. B.A. April 18, 1760, M.A. 25 Feb. 1764, B.D. 6 May 1769, Curate of Kingston, Surrey, died Fellow. Thomas Taylor, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1757, adm. B.C.L. 12 Oct. 1763, resigned his Fellowship 27 March 1770, Chaplain to Nathaniel Newnham, Esq. Lord Mayor in 1781, D.C.L. 22 Oct. 1790, Prebendary of Leckford, Hants, Rector of Wootton and Abinger, Surrey, Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty, Professor of Civil Law at Gresham College, Archdeacon of Chichester, published a Charge delivered to his Clergy in 1805, died 4 Jan. 1808./-^ ■L*.*-n-U./)$g Samuel Freeman. 1755 Peter James, adm. of Peter House, Cambridge, B.A. 1759, M.A. 1766. John Skipp, adm. of Queen's College, Oxford, M.A. 4 May 1764. John Peach, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1757, adm. B.C.L. 25 Feb. 1764. Samuel Dennis, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1757, adm. B.A. April 7, 1761, M.A. 14 March 1765, B.D. 3 May 1770, chosen President of St. John's 2 Dec. 1772, D.D. 7 July 1774,. Vice-chancellor 1780 to 1784.^ *"££./ 7JIS-/2*? -U^vJ,zlo Henry Peach, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1757, adm. B.A. April 7, 1761, M.A. 14 March 1765, B.D. 3 May 1770, Rector of Cheame, Surrey, died 7*4 //?./£/2 A^ James Wall. ^ ^ 1756 Tristram Land, adm. of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1764. John Moore, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1759, adm. B.A, 15 April 1763, resigned Jan. 9, 1797, on account of his marriage, LL.B^tinortlanon of St. Paul's, Lecturer of St. Sepulchre's, London, Rec tor of St. Michael's Bassishaw, and Lang don Hills. Essex^ one of the Priests of his Majesty's Chapel RoyalJ &c.*^W/frrrt£i$&fJ, 1757 William Campbell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1759, adm. B.C.L. 6 June ,1766, re- signed July 19, 1766, on account of his marriage. Nathaniel Andrews. Charles Plucknett, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1759, adm. B.A. 15 April 1763, M.A. 7 Dec. 1767, B.D. 8 July 1772. Rector of Bainton, Yorkshire. John Land, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1760, adm. B.A. 12 May 1764, M.A. 9 June 1768, resigned his Fellowship on marriage 21 Sept. 1770, Rector of Hemyoke, Devon. ^^^ John Eaton. 1758 Thomas Clark, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1760, adm. B.A. 12 May 1764, M.A. 9 June 1768, B.D. 6 May 1773, D.D. 30 June 1786, presented to the living of Bell- Broughton, Worcestershire, &c. died 179&-A ^M X 1AM. h «//< - J-V-J.WyM* Henry Stevens.*,^ 1759 James EYTON,\aam. of Peter House, Cambridge, B.A. 1764, M.A. 1767, Vicar of Stanton-by-Dale, Derby. *»* til $ /■#><* fif J-^hkyf) ROBEHT MACKALL. X 7 p2 1212 THE HISTORY OIJ Richard Dickson Shacklefobd. (See among the SecondtlndermastersJ h ll%k ■= William Jeffs, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1762, adm. B.A. 9 April 1768, M.A. 3 May 1770, B.D. 5 May 1775, Reader at the Templet ™> v A'7S3Am?ZjU./}g/ Nathaniel Moobe, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1762, adm. B.C.L. 30 March 1770, D.C.L. 80 Oct. 1773, Curate and Lecturer of St. Martin's, Ludgate, Rector of Wjnterbourne, Gloucestershire, died Nov<£l798/ fy rH j< Vl-4.lL/Sed Bladen Downing, chosen scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, adm, B.C.L. 5 July / 1773, Rector of Quainton, Aylesbury.*"* ^V?/?/- ^ - *7 **//?£ •tfpwtktfo « 1760 Thomas Wigan, chosen scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, adm. MA. 23 Oct. 1767. Joshua Winter, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1762, adm. B.A. 9 April 1766, M.A. 6 July 1770, B.D. & May 1775, Rector of Codford, W\\A. M Wf./fr/6 f.9iyM 2/}%%/. Thomas Gregg. Francis New bee y, adm. commoner of Trinity College, Oxford* 1762. 1761 Thomas Cherry. (See among the Headmasters.) William Finch, el. to St. John's, Oxford* 1764* adm. B.C.L. 10 Oct. 1770, D.C.L. 17 June 1775, Bampton Lecturer 1797, preferred t o t.h« rectory, of Tacktev, Oxon, 1797, &ve&M8».fM&fr 'H 1 •*-> * b Z L ^ pC^T John Silvester, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1764, .adm. E.C.L. 1.4 Jan. 1771, Common Serjeant of London 1790, Recorder 1803, F.^aTTSc/^'/*^ 7 -.^^^^^^/ William Somers Clark, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1765, adm. B .A. April 5, 1769* M.A. 20 Jan. 1773. 1762 Richard Ryland. John Foxley, adm. post-master of Merton College, Oxford, 1764, M.A. 24 Jan. 1771. Francis Fitchatt, adm. of St. John's, Cambridge, 1763, B* A. 1768. Henry Hall, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1765, adm. B.C.L. 20 Jan. 1773, D / C.L. 20 Oct. 1777, Commiss ioner of Bankr upts^^^^ "2J> 1*?**? $ f. ?■*/* bit* 1763 Thqmas Bowen. (See among the Third Undermasters*) . , " 1764 George Stepney Townley, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1766, adm, BvA. 11 May IOT& M.A. 17 Feb. 1774, Rector of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, jk^" f M-/A:^3f/;^^^ John Alexander Richards, aidm. commoner "of Merton College, Qsford, 1764. Edward JresoN, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1766, resigned bis Fellowship 21 Jan. 1768. Thomas Ponton, el. to St. John's, Oxford,. 1766, adm. B,A. 11 May 1770, M.A. 17 Feb. 1774. John Hutchinson. 1765 Thomas Farraine, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1766. William Kinleside, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1767, adm. B.A..10 April 17.71, M.A. 14 March 1775, Rector of Angmtaiog* Zm^ J »™**/3vi2.ttztfj^m$y6 *-/>?/ , James Stopes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1778, M.A. 31 May 1781. .t&V-b John SymmonDs, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1773, adm. M.A. 15 Jan. 1781, took th& name of Breedon, B. &D.D. 9 July 1793/ ^"jj (, 4-*/' 2- Or 3 'W^ ) 1>wu>dw, 1771 Thomas Griffin, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1773, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1783, B.D. 3 May 1786. Thomas Finch, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1773, adm. M.A. 15 Jan. 1781. 1772 Thomas Tyrrell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1773, adm. M.A. 15 Jan. 1781, B.D. 3 May 1786. Isaac Peach, adm. sizar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 24 June 1773, first pupil under Eh-. Turner, the present wortfiy Master of that College, B.A. 1777, M.A. 1786. John Green, el. at St. John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1773, M.A. 4 July 1782,, B.D. 3 May 1786, Vicar.o f St. Laurence's^ Reading, died /?JZj-7fr$ $Z z\ John Gaitskell. 1773 Robert Harcotjrt James, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1774. adm. M.A. 21 June 1781. George- Fletcher, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1775, adm. M.A. 22 May 1783. John Davis Peestow, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1775, a;dm. M.A. 25 Feb. 1783, B.D- 18 April 1788, Rector of W atlington. Norfolk /^^^/*^/-:***? ^ ^ *-J? k) George Lethieullier Schoen, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1775, adm. B.C.L. 14 Jan.. 1784, D.C.L. 28 April 1788, Rector of Crick in* Northamptonshire//^ &*' Michael Marlow, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1776, adm. M.A. 11 Feb. 1784, B.D. 29 April 1789, , D.D. 24 March 1795, chosen President of St. John's in 1795, ■ Rector of Hartbotongh 4a Oxfordshire^ Vice-chancellor 1798 to 1803, Prebendary of Canterbury, &c& l !»*/6./*29/-**4ff ZJ? 3JO George Frank Blakiston, ! el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1776, adm. M.A. 11 Feb. 1784, . . . B.D^ 29 April 1789, D.D. 17 April 1806, preferred to the rectory of Bell Brough- ton, Worcestershbe.' £ ^> , ^^^^^7/:^^ / ^ TrJ ' J '/^^ Samuel Yorke, adm. pensioner of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, Jan. 1775, B.A. 1779. Abraham Thomas Clark, adm. of Trinity College, Cambridge, B.A. 1779. 1774 John Bell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1776, M.A. by decree of Convo^j^ljFeb^/ 1784,- B.D. 29 April 1789, D.D. 27 April 1797, presented to the fecffiyw"™^ ton, Yorkshire, 1802. rWfij (• {pU&mkW) 7 '*' JWM*a^ 7hZ>ll# t ??*.{ 9?f/A 1775 William Malbon. '' James Cutler, el. to St. John's, Okford, 1777, adm. M.A. 1^M^a^,b,^^ip i Maw 1790, presented to the Vicarage of Chalfbnt St. Peter's-fBu^stl8047wnicn he exchanged for the Prebend of Leekford, Hant*.^^*^ t%j$tiQ/ r ***j*u?M/ Robert Benn Bell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1777. ■•:•:<'■ Thomas- Bor/cHiER Mussendine. Jonathan B'ROMEBEkt), adm. pensioner of Pembroke Hall, Canrbridge, 21 June 1776,, B.A. 1781. :; '" ! ■ :ui ; - ! ' : 1776 William Cotton. : BECKWiTHDGl)-*rELL Free, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1778. Henry Lord. (See among the Second Undermasters.) William Biley. ' William Hartley, el. to St, John'si Oxford, 1778. 1777 Thomas Waldron, el. to St., John's, Oxford, 1779. Philip Barnard. * Baker John Sellon, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1779, adm. B.C.L. 24 Oct. 1785, Ser^ jeant at Law; TosEph AlLEN ' ' ' ' ' ' ' * ' * 1778 Nathaniel May, adm. of Lincoln Cortege, Oxford, M.A. 14 April 1785.. 1214 THE HISTORY OF Jonathan Gardner. (See among the Third Undermasterg.) James Stuart Freeman, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1779, adm. M.A. 15 Jan. 1787, B.D. 24 April 1792, D -D,^^Aj^ia9^ l ^r^rre^J;o thezPrebend of Leckford. Hants, which he exchanged WtheVicarage^fnCh^lfonrSt'. Teter's, Bucks/**?^^ *' John Gapp, adm. sizar of Pembroke. Hall, Cambridge, 11 July 1779, B.A. G. Julius Griffiths. John Forbes, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1779, adm. M.A. 15 Jan. 1787, B.D. 24 April 1792, D.D. 30 April 1799, presented to thejl ectory of Tackle^ Oxfoirjshire, 1809, which he was afterwards permitted to chaqgefor Sont h Warnebo rou gh, Han ts, died «^f 1779 Charles Neve, el. at St. John's, Oxford, bya post election, 1776, adm. M.A. 15 Jan." } 1787, B.D. 24 Apr. 1792. Samuel Kentish, HeNry Butts Owen, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1780, adm -Mji^SA Jap, 1788, B.D. 3 May 1793, D.D. 8 July 1805, Rector ofSt^Oh^s^^StKet.' 93 /^^'^/^^^/ 2 William Kemp, adm. sizar of PembrokeTfallTTJaln^rldgeTe July 1780, B.A. 1784. Edward41rax Free, el. to St John'v Oxford;, I78I, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1789, B.D. 13 MayT794, D.D. 30 April 1799, preferred to the Rectory of Sutton, Bedford- shire, 1809. William Dickins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1781, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1789. William Morice, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1781, adm. M.A. .7 July 1789, B.D. 30 , June 1794, preferred to the rectory of Tackley, Oxon, 1812> MrA.I^%/^\Jf J, William Bennett, el. at St John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1782, M.A.IPJJ B.D. / 7 6 ? preferred to the Rectory of Cheam in Surrey, 11 Aug. 1 %\$jfyto / a // 1780 Robert Milward, '^'■li*fl)UV / lU3< Richard Turner. Joseph Hardy, adm. pensioner of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 30 May 1782, B.A. 1786. Thomas Whitfield, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1783, adm. M.A. 27 Jan. 179V Proctor 1796, B.D. 4 May 1797. 1781 Samuel Hemming, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1783, adm. M.A. 27 Jan. 1791, B.D. 4 May 1797, D.D. 15 Jan. 1801. Frederick Hemming, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1783. Andrew Lambert Porter. Paggen William Mayo, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1784, adm. M.A. 27 Jan. 1792, B.M. 12 July 1792, D.M. 20 Jan. 1795. Charles Ball, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, adm. M.A. 24 March 1791, B.&D.D. 27 May 1808. n 1782 Thomas Birch, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1785, adm. B.C.L. 18 April 1792, D.C.L. 14 Jan. 1797, married 1803, Dean of Battle in Sussex^^*^'^ ^/^y Xl * Robert Pell, adm. of Trinity College, Oxford. Charles Mayo, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1785, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1793, B.D. 21 June 1798. Appointed, in 1795, to the Anglo Saxon Professorship, founded by Richard Rawlinson, D.CL. in 1750, and endowed with certain annual or fee-farm rents, payable out of certain estates in Lancashire, which were to be applied to that purpose forty years after his death. The endowment was confirmed by his last will and testament, dated 2 June 1752. The founder directs that the Professorship shall become vacant every five years, and that the several Colleges m the University of Oxford shall enjoy it one after another, upon every vacancy, reserving the tirst and every fifth turn to St John's College, where he was educated. The r™ te . s lj or ls appointed by the Members of Convocation^W/'^^^^^^/^/Y^ . 1783 William Benjamin Portal, el. at St. John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1785, adm. M.A. 3 June 1795, B.D. 21 June 1798, Rector^f Wasing, Berkshire, and^a* ot Sandfojcd-aeai-exfbra; died 27 June 1812. Thomas Brathwaite, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1786. William Van Mildert, adm. of Queen's College* Oxford, adm. M.A. 17 July i7ao, Lady Moyer's Lecturer, Rector of St. Mary-le-Bow. an d Farningham , K_ent, V.& U.U. 13 Oct. 1813, Regius Professor of Divinity and Canon of " Christ ChurcS, Oxford, 19 Oct. 18&, Bampton Lecturer, 1614. H9 H'H |. > « 3 6 /- W fi>)V/4ir MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1215 Esmond John Eyre, adm. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Founda- tion, 7 Feb. 1785. Edmund Rolle Lahky. 1784 Thomas Percy, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1786, adm. B.C.L. 10 Oct. 1792, D.C.L. 22 June 1797, died Fellow 1808.^^/^^^^ ^t^i^+4/b ^?& Albert Pell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 17a7.,jidm, B.CX. 21 June 1793, D.C.L. 24 Oct. 1798, Serjeant at Law, married ^^2' lJ&y^2& e JL$£J° fisiZ/l/ &Aj 1785 Thomas Alston Warren, el. to St. John's, O^tA^JWt, *Wa. TM.A. ilmievma, B.D. 30 April 1800.^ ^£^-Uf3/.^/U^; ^L\7? US J John Thomas Casberd, adm. of. St. John's, Oxford, 1767, adm. B.C.L. 20 June 1799, D.C.L. 21 June 1799>^^ /5-iW? hfry lltU VXjO) 5 6 ) . George Orton Urling, adm. pensioner of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 19 June 1788, died Thomas Best, adm. of Exeter College, Oxford, B.D. 17 Feb. 1804. Thomas Barling, appointed exhibitioner at Pembroke Hall,. Cambridge, on Stuart's Foundation, 23 June 1787, adm. B.A. 1791. 1786 James Frank, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 24 June 1787, adm. B.M. 1792, D.M. 1802. George Barker, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 3 May 1787, adm. B.A. 1791. James Saunders, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1788, adm. B.CL. 14 Jan. 1796, D.C.L. 23 Oct. 1800, .preferrejdJpJh^livmgjifJKuihjgton, lsil?^/^*-^*/^"//^ 1787 William Wise, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 17887adrn^lVI7S7T47an. 1797, B.D. 15 Apr. 18QV preferred to the Vicarageo£_St. Laurence's, Reading, 7 May 1812,. D.D. 13 Oct. 1813. **« o+tlk 1**3 l~^* : uT03^hp5?X~< Samuel Wrigjht Mister, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1788, adm. M.A. 22 Jan. 1796, B.D. 23 April 1801, married 1806. Henry Stevens. John Rush, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1788, adm. B.C.L. 15 April 1795. Nathaniel John Ho^liNGsworth, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1789, adm.. M.A. 17 June 1796. '- John Joseph Ellis. . (Set among the First Undermasters.)* 1788 Henry Thomas Jones, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1790, adm* M.A. 6 June 1798. B.D. ,, ,:* 21 June 1803, Minor Can6rLc£Roche5ter, &o. <**w/U9u/Z./f3j/.&*j///y/fU / William Allen. Charles Moore, adm. of Corpus Christi. College, Oxford, 1790, died March 1802: Henry Dalmer, adm. of Merton College, Oxford, adm. M.A. 5 Dec. 1799.. Francis John Waring, adm. of Emanuel College, Cambridge,, adm. B.A. 1794, M.A. ..,;. : 1797. . ■:,'., ; ,>• ■■:--<■■ William Nettleship. James Ellis, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, 1790, adm. M.A. 1 June 1797. 1789 Thomas White, adm. first of Trinity College, Cambridge, and afterwards appointed scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 8 July 1790, adm.. B.A. 1794. Henry Van Bodicoate, adm. fellow-commoner of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, B.A. 1798. London King Pitt, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1791. adm. M.A v 10.June 1801, B.CL. 8 June 1807, D.C.L. 12 June 1807, died ^ *. <£/3 WWMw^^Ww^ Henry Merritt George, app. exhibitioner at St. John's, Oxford, on Stuart's Foun- dation. 1790 George Bowzer, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1792. Henry Woodgate, adm. pensioner and afterwards app.. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 20 June 1791. Montague Rush, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1792, adm. M.A. 14 Jan. 1800, married 1805. William Salt.. • - <, John Fitzroy Porter. Robert James Carr, adm. of Worcester College,, Oxford, adm, M.A. 23 Oct., 1806. 1216 . 10o: TH.fi HISTORY OF : 1781 William Allen, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1793, adm. M.A. 28 Han. 1801, married 1803. Samuel Scardefield, adm. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foun- dation, 20 June 1791. Caleb El win, adm. first of Gonville and Cains College, Cambridge, and afterwards : ..- J'.C: app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 2 July 1792, , B.A. 1796, M.A. 1809. ■ —<>; Robert Henky Aubek, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foun- dation, 3 July 1792, B.A. 1796> Curate of Nazing, Essex. /> William Hayes, adm. of St. John's, Oxford, B.A. Min or Canon of St. Pau l's, and Rector of Mucking, Essex. Robert Price. (See among the Third Umkrmasters.) 1792 Montagu Burrows. Frederick Hervey Neve, adm; of Merton College, Oxford^ adm. M.A. 30 Oct. 1802. William Warren Porter, el. to St. Joba's, ©ifordy 17S4, adm.. M.A. 4 Feb. 1802, died Fellow June 1804. ;' ; : ? ', oit., ; ' Harry Bristow Wilson. (See among the Second Undermasters.) ■•■ • *a >'rs. . ; ' Thomas Lee. >*•■ - .i 0^^*9.fef/jCj&s/'ss/s ;i t, Robert Broadley, el, to St. John's, Oxford, 1794, B.A. R ecioifaf Eattistoakj D orsjt?'' 1793 James Matthews, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1794, adm. MjAXt^dedKetf of Convoca- tion, 19 Dec. 1802, B.D. by decree of Convocation, St June 1808. wr ;. Thomas Speidell„ eL, to St, John's, Oxford, vjg&l arirm M.A. 4 March 1803, B.D. 7 i_» July John N^tt, :eL, to St. John's, Oxford, 1795,, adm. M.A. 4 March 1803, B.D. 7 July ■'• • Nathaniel Huson, adm. scholar of Pembroke RaUy. Cambridge, ©a ParkinV Founda- tion, 13 Dec. 1793, B.C.L., Barrister at Law, Commiss"»ne* d£ Bankrupts, died Jan. 1811>> ft V -V> $> z/'SI' Thomas William ChAmberlayNB Pbhfecp., '«(!. •.'. Henry Tillarb, adm. exhibitioner at Pembroke Hal), Cambridge, on Stuart's Founda- tion, 29 June 1795, B.A. 1799. 1794 William Betton Cham^ey^ el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1796, adm. B.C.L. 18 July . 1801, married 1806. • !li l-Uf William Warner, app. exhibitioner at St. John's, Oxford, on Stuart's Foundation, adm. M.A. 4 March 1803. . , T Henry Ellis, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1796, adm.B.C.L.28AprUl802,marae . 1795 Edward Warneford, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1797, adm. , married 1807. Lewis Edward Villette. : . tVJ Thomas Snell, el. at St. John's, Oxford^ 1797, byapost election, . adm. B.C.L. 26 Oct. toil 1803, married 1803, Rector of WmcHeaham.'^ulrreyV ^ -&A9 /t/ystJ/jt+x. 3Zi8^ George Shute, eL at St. John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1797, adm. M.A. 7 Feb. 1805, resigned 1809. Samuel Spragg. ■ •■ 1796 Thomas Clare, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1798, adm. M.A. 9 May 1811, Proctor. Henry Symons, el. toSt. John's, Oxford, li79© r adm. M.A. 18Jutyl808v married 1808, B.&D.CL. May 1813, Chaplain to his Royal Highness the Duke /frfd- ^-/km^ I Jo /iT". 1799 Thomas Wynter Mead, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1802, adm. M.A. 1 Feb. 1810, B.D. John Maresco Pearce. Thomas Pearce, adm. of Corpus Christi College, Oxford 1801. M.A. 1808, Vicar of Hartlip in Kent. *^ /S*TJ. ^//Jfyxf* 'isyf& '3 . William Cokayne Frith, el. to St. Johr/s, Oxford, 1802, adm, B.C.L. 81 Oct. 1808, M.A. 18 Dec. 1809, Chaplain tw the Garrison! at Zante, D.C.ft by deeree of Con- vocation, 25 Jane 1814. ^"^A^ t-8-/Jfs;.ZK*>//jr?yx.Ij.2) L /!>32 £-, 180ft Charles Lewis Meryon, app. exhibitioner at St. John's, Oxford, on Stuart's Founda- tion, adm. M.A. 18 Dec. 1809. Francis Joseph Faithful, el. at St. John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1802, in de- fault of a Founder's kin candidate, but one appearing the next election, Merchant- Taylors' School lost its turn, according to the rule "in that case provided, which occasioned a nonVelection in 1803 ; married 1814. Robert Walsh. 1801 Jesse Addams, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1804, adm. B.C.L. 21 June 1810, D.C.L. 16 June 1814. Thomas Welton, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, Oxford, on Andrew's- Foundation, 1803, adm. B.C.L. 2 May 1810. James Harris, el. to St. John's, Oxford,' 1804, adm. B.A. M.A. 14 Jan. 1812. 1802 James William Vivian, adm. of All Souk' College, Oxford, 1803, adm. M.A. 28 March 1810, Curate of St. Peter's, Cornhill, &c. Chaplain to Edward Hampson, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1804, adm. B.C.L. May 1813. John Roberson, el. at St. John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1804, adm. M.A. 29 Jan. 1812. Robert George Walker, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 8 June 1804, BA. 1808. Philip Panter, adm. of All Souls' College, Oxford, ] 804, William Camplin, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1805, , resigned 1811. 1803 John Collinson, adm. of Queen's College, Oxford, 1804. 1804 SAMUEL Arnott, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1805, adm. B.A. 20 May 1809, M.A. Jan. 1813. Joseph Carter, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1806. Nugent Hodges. Philip Bliss, el. to St. John's. Oxford, 1806, engaged in editing Wood's Athena; Oxoniense*.*^ **"'' sJif V /•**?/'<*■ W?f? 1 CWJlfypg. Thomas Woodrooffe, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1806, M.A. 10 Feb. 1814. George Keylock Rusden, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 13 Oct. 1804, B.A. 1809. Thomas Wright, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, on Andrew's Foundation, 1806. 1805 Christopher George Watson, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Par- kin's Foundation, 1 July 1806, B.A. 1810. , (tt$ Edward Buckle, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1807, adm. B.A. 16 May lSll^W- Anthony Lynch Moir, adm. scholar of Pembroke Hall,- Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 26 June 1807. , Edward Hawkins, adm. commoner of St. John's;, Oxford, 1807, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, Oxford, on Andrew's Foundation, 1808, adm. B.A. 16 May 1811, chosen Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford. 7Q 1218 THE HISTORY OF 1806 William Fallofield, app. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 7 Dec. 1806, B. A. 1810. James William Bellamy, adm. commoner of Quern's College, Cambridge, 1807, B.A. Curate of Allhallows the Great and Less. Henry Thomas Grace, adm. scholar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 30 Jan. 1807, B.A. 1811, chosen Fellow 1811. William Birkett Allen, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1808. Charles Hutchins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1808, resigned 1811, adm. B.A. 20 May 1814. William Boscawen Bell, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1809. 1807 Charles Robert Ashfield, adm. scholar of Brasen-Nose, Oxford, 1808. Edward Bellamy, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1809, adm. B.A. May 1813. . Charles Mayo, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1810. Archer Ryland, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1810. Henry Shrubb, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, Oxford, on Andrew's Foundation, 1810, chosen scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 22 Feb. 1811. 1808 John Leycester Adolphus, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1811, received Sir Roger New- digate's prize, at Oxford, for English verse, lSl^^^^-'^/^-^/.^^ William Smyth, adm. scholar of Brasen-Nose College, Oxford, 1808, adm. B.A. 9 March 1813. Philip Wynter, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1811. 1809 Edward John Smith, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, Oxford, on Andrew** Foundation, 1810, adm. B.A. 20 May 1814. Thomas Howard. James Davenport, el. at St. John's, Oxford, by a post election, 1811. 1810 Thomas Still Basnett, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, Oxford, on An- drew's Foundation, 1811. Francis Hawkins, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1812, received Sir Roger Newdigate's prize, at Oxford, for English verse, 1813. Charles Knight Murray. Charles William Stocker, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1812. Henry Francis Sidebottom, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1813. 1811 Robert Hervey Knight, app. exhibitioner at St. John's College, Oxford, on Stuart's Foundation, 1812. James Forbes Jowett, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1813. Maurice Hedd Lloyd, app. exhibitioner at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 1812. Richard Worgan Povah, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1813. 1812 William Lewis Davies, el. to St. John's, Oxford, 1814. Henry Blunt, app. exhibitioner at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Founda- tion, 1813. William Stalman, el. to a Civil Law scholarship at St. John's, Oxford, on Andrew's Foundation, 1814. George Hodgson Thompson, app. to a scholarship at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, on Parkin's Foundation, 1814. Charles Litchfield Swainson. 1813 Richard Harvey. Charles Bellamy. Charles Dethick Blyth. Michael Prendergast, app. to a scholarship at Pembroke Hall, on Parkin's Founda- tion, 1814. James Archibald Murray. 1814 Joseph Fletcher. Benjamin Holford Banneb^^^^''/^* ik-UZ MERCHANT-TAYLORS* SCHOOL. 1219 STEWARDS SCHOOL - FEAST, OR ANNIVERSARY DINNER OF THE GENTLEMEN EDUCATED AT merchant-Taylors' school, 1795. Rev. Michael Marlow, D.D. President of St. John's College, Oxford. Rev. Henry Lord, B.D. Rev. William Van Mildert, M.A. Rev. Andrew Hatt, B.A. Rev. Richard Townsend Andrews, B.A. George Bolton, Esq. John Hawes, Esq. William Finch, Esq. 1797. Rev. Sir Charles Rich, Bart. D.C.L. Rev. John Forbes, B.D. Rev. Thomas Bowen, M.A. Francis Newbery, Esq. Richard Ryland, Esq. . Henry Cline, Esq. 1799. Rev. William Morice, B.D. Rev. Henry Butts Owen, B.D. Rev. George Stepney Townley, M.A. Nehemiah Winter, Esq. Richard Collett, Esq. Bury Hutchinson, Esq. J 1796. * William Mainwaring, Esq. M.P. Rev. Thomas Taylor, D.C.L. Rev. James Stuart Freeman, B.D. Rev. Edward Cockayne Frith, M.A. John Silvester, Esq. B.C.L. Francis Stephens, Esq. F.R. & A.S.S. * The Stewardship having, in former years, come down too low among the Juniors, it was determined, in future, to name but six Stewards instead of eight. 1798. Rev. Henry Peach, B.D. Rev. Edward Drax Free, B.D. Ralph Winter, Esq. James Townley, Esq. James Bureau, Esq. Christopher Parker, Esq. 1800. There was no School-Feast this year, in con- sequence of the death of the Rev. Thomas Bowen, the Manager, to whom the gentlemen of Merchant-Taylors' had been much indebted for bringing them together on several preceding Anniversaries. q2 mo THE HISTORY, ETC. 1801. Paggen William Mayo, M.D. Rev. William Bennett, B.D. Rev. John Moore, LL.B. Bryan Broughton, Esq. Abraham Gardner, Esq. Allen Williams, Esq. 1803. Rev. John Symonds Breedojn, B.D^ Rev. Thomas Birch, D.C.L. Rev. Charles Mayo, B.D.. James Aspinall, Esq. James Horsford, Esq, Henry Woodgate, Esq. 1805. Rev. Thomas Percy, D.C.L* James Frank, M.D. Rev. William Allen, M.A. Rev. Thomas Snell, B.C.L. Edward Gibbons, Esq.. James Hall, Esq. 1807. Rev. Durand Rhudde, D.D. Rev. Samuel Kettilby, D.D. Rev. Thomas Alston Warren, B.D. Rev. James Eyton, M.A, Rev. John Joseph Ellis, M.A- Matthew Edis, Esq. 1809, Rev. William Wise, B.D. Henry Ellis, B.C.L. Louis De la Chaumette, Esq.. Thomas Brickenden, Esq. George Townley, Esq. Thomas Wadd, Esq. 1811. Rev. James Mathews,, B.D. Rev. Robert James Carr, M.A. Henry Van Bodicoate, Esq. B.A. Richard Pugh, Esq. Alfred Thorp, Esq. Henry Wadd,. Esq. 1813. Rev. John Natt, B.D. Rev. James William Vivian, M.A John Hirst, Esq. William Hunter, Esq. William Osbaldeston, Esq^ John William Smith, Esq. 1802; Rev. Samuel Hemming, D.D; Rev. Thomas Whitfield, B.D. Thomas Slack, Esq. Lancelot Sharpe, Esq. Peter Cazalet, Esq. Richard Addams> Esq.. 1804. Rev. William Benjamin Portal, B.Di. Benjamin Cooper, Esq. William Cotton, Esq. Samuel Kentish, Esq. Philip Lucas, Esq. John Thomas Thorp,, Esq.. 1806. Albert Pell, D.C.L. Rev. Thomas Cherry, B.D.. Raljph Bigland, Esq,' William Wadd, Esq.. Stanley Stokes, Esq. William Street, Esq. 1808. Rev. John Bell, D.D. Jerome Knapp, D.C.L. Rev. James Saunders, D.C.L. Rev. Harry Bristow Wilson, M.A-- Charles Welstead, Esq. Charles Martin, Esq. 1810. Rev. George Lethieullier Schoen, D.C.L.. John Dodson, D.C.L. Rev. Henry Thomas Jones, B.D. Charles Johnson, Esq. Thomas Waite Marson, Esq* Francis Steadman, Esq. ! 1812. Rev. Thomas Speidell, B.D. Rev. Frederick Hervey Neve, M.A. George Hadleigh Whitfield, Esq. Thomas Cood, Esq. Robert Thorp, Esq. Robert Pugh, Esq. 1814. Rev. Rich.Willlams, M.A. Prebend.of Lincoln* Rev. William Morice, B.D. Rev. Thomas Clare, M.A. Charles Bishop, Esq. the King's Proctor* Thomas Allen, Esq. (Nicholas Garry* Esq.. , , / „ 1221 INDEX. AARON, 873. Abbadie, 986,987. Abbey Church, 956. Abbott, 208, 557, 625, 641, 1175. Abdye, 73, 1150. Abel Redivivus quoted, 557. Aberdeen, 903, 904. Abergavenny, 47. Abingdon, 283, 788, 789, 856. Abingdon School, 1191. Abinger, 1211. Abney, 1055. Abo, 1066. Abraham, 67. Absolution, 968. Abuses in Elections, 403, 467. Accod, 361. Accountant-General, 483, 485, 490, 493, 494, 505, 506. Ackworth, 2, 1149. Acrod, 1156. Acta Lipsiensia, 866, 873. Acton, xix, xxviii, 238, 239, 257,258,764,1153. Act of Uniformity, 387, 781- 785, 803, 870, 997. Acts of the Apostles, 627, 628. Acts and Monuments, 636. Adair, 507. Adams, 152, 154, 156, 889, 1158. Adamson, 474, 475, 478- 480, 483. Addams, 535, 1217, 1220. Addington, 10. Addison, 849, 850, 948,. 1021, 1026. Adland, 324, 1186, 1197. Admiralty, 47, 48, 718, 1168. Adolphas, 5.39, 1147, 1218. Adversaria, 910, 922, 940. Advocate-General, 886, 892, 897, 905. jElian, 909. Aelmer, 26. jEsap's Fables, 166. /Ethiopians, 873, 881. A%han, 1090. Africa, 627. Africans, 1132. Agamemnon, 465. Agar, 234. Agaric, 1093. Agate, 453, 454, 1211. Agathoclei, 881. Agricola, 756. Aignesham, 1191. Aileswprth, 610. Airay, 617. Aix-la-Chapelle, 1024, 1067. Alan, 77. Alaski, 570. Alayne, 1174. Alba Fortunata, 620. Albany, 37, 41, 47,59, 126, 1149,1152. Albemarle, xxv, 720, 804, 887, 995. Albrighton, 1184. Alcanna; 1063. Aldenham, 474,489. Alder, 147,148,618,1191. Alderman of London, xv, 25,31,41,139,168, 187, 234, 239, 263, 278, J288, 312, 321, 323, 324, 340, 354, 355, 359, 361-365, 367, 457, 776, 794, 914, 923, 978, 979, 994, 995, 1015, 1016, 1019, 1031, 1044, 1072, 1073, 1095, 1116-1118, 1126, 1149, 1151-1158, 1160, 1161, 1163. Aldcrmanbury, 784, 794, 842. Aldersgate-Street, 959, 1049, 1102. Aldgate, 833. Aldrich, 388, 874, 889, 1174, 1202. Aldridge, 76. Aldrig, 1198. Aldsworth, 99, 112, 119, 121, 209, 1151. Alexander, 1013. Alexander I. Emperor of Russia, xxv. Alexander the Great, 853. Algerines, 738. Allaverdee Khan, 1097. AHemand, 1102. Allen, 61, 516, 539, 569, 795, 1162* 1163, 1193, 1213, 1215, 1216, 1218, 1220. Allhallows Barking, 153, 174, 375-377, 557, 737, 787, 822, 1119. Allhallows, Bread-Street, 37, 257, 1184. Allhallows, Cambridge, 931, 935. Allhallows, Lombard-Street, 227, 803, 1053,. 1175. Allhallows Staining, 1187, 1210. Allhallows, Thames-Street, 228, 953, 1218. Allingfaam, 922. Allot, 355,1155, 1194,1198. All Souls College, Oxford, 23, 47, 148, 223, 569, 573, 580, 612, 628, 758, 779, 889, 1134, 1164,. 1174, 1185, 1189,1217. Allum Khan, 1087. AUyn, 61, 1190. Almsgiving, 979. Alphonso, 343. Alport, 311, 1154. Alps, 948, 963, 1138. Alsop, 558, 890. Alsopp, 1155* Aliham, 412,450,451,1210. Alton, 576. Alvey, 277, 317, 1196, 1197. $Zf. Amarantha, 752. Ambrose, 1095. America, 1058,1066, 1074, 1101, 1187. Ames, 191, 193, 201> 1136, 1193. Amhurst, 423, 744, 948, 949,952,954, 955, 962, 964, 965, 1000, 1026, 1027, 1041, 1042, ,1205, 1206. Amory, 1056. Amsterdam, 827, 834,858, 864, 874, 1170. Amy. 361, 1156, 1159. Anatomy of Atheism, 849, 865. Anatomy Lecturer, 696, Aucyra, 897. Anderson, 1162. Andrew, 21, 67, 252, 40%- 448-450, 516-^518, 527„ 530-533, 535, 1065*. 1204. Andrew's Will quoted, 447;.. Andrewes, or Andrews, 85, 126, 135-137, 140-143, 145, 227, 229, 230, 233, 235, 237, 238, 542, 557, 559, 562, 565, 566, 575- 577,581, 583,591, 693,. 605, 606, 608, 612-615, 618, 619, 622, 625, 630, 632, 633, 640-645j 647,. 650, 651, 653-655, 657,. 658, 660, 664, 669, 694, 733, 906,969,1153, 1155>. 1189,1190, 1211, 1217- 1219. Andromache, 465. Androwse, 1174. Angell, 248, 1153, 1200* Anglesea, 903. Anglesey.^ xxvi. Anglo-Saxon, 873, 1093. Anglo-Saxon Professorship* 1214. Angmering, 1212. Angria, 1094. Anguish, 1170. Annals of Charles I. quoted, 663, 675. Anne, Princess of Denmark, 846, 888. Anne, Queen of England, 412, 736, 806, 842, 889,. 893-896, 898-901, 905, 908, 914, 917, 921, 923,, 924, 938, 941 ,943, 951, 9T9, 989, 1016, 1021, 1026. Annesley, 890. Anonymus, 616. Ansley, xxviii, 1163. Anson, 1059. Anstey, 911, 931. Anstis, 973. Anstis quoted, 974. Ansty, 136. Antholyza, 1120. Anthony, 661, 662. Anti-Calviuists, 648. 1222 INDEX. Antigono, 466. Antipho, 462. Antiquarian Repertory quo- ted, 16. Antiquarian Researches, 1085. Antiquaries, 1085, 1121, Arran, 1008. 1122, 1154, 1136, 1141, Arrowsmith, 287 1182. Armenians, 873, 875, 1111. Armilla Catecbetica, 287. Arminianism, 945. Armourers'Cornpany, xvii, 6. Arnold, 136, 139. Arnott, 536, 1217. Atkin, 445, 446. Baldwin, 344, 1185 ( 1198- Atkins, 222, 792, 1163. Balfour, 615. Atkinson, 188,189,242,243, Balgay, 575. 665, 685, 1152, 1162, Ball, 411, 1159. Artaxerxes, 466. Arthur, 238. Arthur's Knights, xxii, 86. Articles of Advice, 952, 953. Articles of Religion, 952, 997. Articles of Visitation, 1017. Antiquity, 1059, 1072. Antonius, 465. Antrim, 998. Anrrobus, 263, 1154. Antwerp, 627. Apocalypse, 627, 628, 865. Apocalyptical Visions, 1018. Apocryphal Book, 959, 972. Artwick, 792. Apollonius, 875. Arundel, xxvi, 819. Apollos, 1034. Ascension-Day, 526. Apology for Religion, 1041. Ascham, 86, 910. Apostate from Christianity, Asdryasdust Tossoffacan, 691. 796. Apostles, 925, 929, 956, Asgill, 322, 1197. 957, 1034. Ash, 775, 78i, 795. Apostles' Canons, 622. Ashburton, 1037. Apostles' Creed, 871, 874. Ashe, 328, 1170. Apostolical Church, 957, 959, 966. 1192. Atlee, 1158. Atropos, 86. Attainder, 702. Atterbury, 892, 893, 966. Ballard, 87, 186, 201, 1192. Ballasor Road, 1099. Balliad, 1079. Balliol College, Oxford, 272, 758,889,918,1035,1186. Atterbury's Correspondence Bamford, 1155. quoted, 835, C47, 893, Bampton Lecture, 785, 858. Apostolical Fathers, 873. Apothecaries' Company, 1040, 1102. Apparition, 906. Appello Csesareru, 647,648. Appian, 934. Appk-bee, 488,1209,1213. Appleby, 1092. Asheldam, 668. Ashfield, 1218. Ashman, 225. Ashmole, 851, 862. Ashmole quoted, 593, 677, 974. Ashmolean MSS. 670. Ashmoleau Museum, 618 Ashton, 559, 747, 982, 1157. 899. Attic Salt, 1077. Attorney-General, 222, 390, 478, 489, 499, 518, 692, 730,742,832,901,1018. Atwood, 1018. Atwood quoted, 632, 677. Auber, 1216. Aubre, L174. Aubrey, 64, 70. Aubrey quoted, 786. Audley, 828. Augsburgh, 862. Augustin Monk, 27. Aurum Fotabile, 661. Autodidacrjca, 851. Autolycus, 811. Averie, 1153. Avery, 312. Avignon, 649. A vi-ia, or Avis, 3, S55, 356. Avranches, 816. Awberge, 72, 93. Bampton Lecturer, 1212, 1214. Bancks, 242, 243, 246, 248, 262, 266. Bancroft, 106, 107, 573, 591, 622, 625, 673, 694, 1174, 1175. Bangbourn, 1172. Bangor, 188, 269, 700, 951. Bangorian Controversy, 952. Banister, 1161. Bank of England, 447, 449, 482, 485, 488, 490, 491, 493, 494, 503, 531, 1128. Bankers, 1028. Bunkes, 260. Bankrupts, 1006. Banks, 692. Bannachar, 465. Banner, 1218. Banquettiug - House, 672, 701, 792. Arabick, 797,800, 801, 811, Ashurst, xxviii, 359-361, 875, 8T6, 916, 959, 972. 364, 390,438, 1156,1160, Arabs, 872-874, 1063. Arami, 1084. Arbutus, 1071. Arcadia, 307. Archajologia quoted, 1 136. Archelaus, 1013. Archer, 391, 393, 411,914, 921, 990, 1156, 1202. Archery, xxii. Arches Court, 892. Archiepiscopal Library, 973. Archimedes, 875. Archipelago, 899, 1 122. Architect General, 756. Architecture, 760,791. Archpoole, 19$. Arcot, 1081, 1082, 1086. Argyle, 834, 835. Arianism, 1073. Aristarchus, 81 1 , 875. Aristeas, 874. , Aristophanes, 805, Arius, 939. Aiklow, 543. Arlington, 315 Armadillo, 1101. Armageddon, 866. Awgar, or Augar, 222, 234, Banquo, 609. 267, 270, 306. Baptism, 1006, 1016, 1075. Axen, 420. Barbary, 1084. Axtell, 1194. Barber, 1073. Aymee, 1196. Barcelona, 343. Aynsworth, 1193. Barclay, 681, Ayrey, 1156. Bardolfe, 1153. Ayscough's Catalogue, 386, Bardolph, 250, 263. 1175. Bacchanalian Rites, 1075. Bachelor, 1196. Backham, 208 Backhouse, 342,624,1180, Barking, 208. 1194 Ash- Wednesday, 526. Ash - Wednesday Sermons, 655. Ashwell, 24,424. Asia, 853, 1111, 1124. Aspinall, 1220. Assembly of Divines, 713. Assembly's Catechism, 952. Assistants of the Merchant- Taylors' Company, 1149- 1164. Assurance on Lives, 1134. Asthmatic Person, 1158. Astle, 1142. Aston, 249, 252, 255, 728, Bagborough, 1202. 796, 825, 1195, 1201. Bagnal, 795. Aston-le-Wall, 1205, 1210, Bagster, 1172. 1212. Bahar, 1097, 1111, 1114. Astrey, 1024, 1033, 1035, Bailey, 188, 259,845, 1198, 1038, 1045. Astrology, 568. Astro Metereologica, 838, 851. Astronomical Lectures,1200. Barfreston, 1 184, 1203. Bar-Jesu, 774. Barker, 298, 303, 619, 646, 1150, 1196, 1199, 1201, 1215. 1183, 1198. Bacon, 77, 353, 360, 1121, 1122, 1199. B«con's Thorpe, 1202. Badger, 195, 196. Barksdale, 839. Barling, 1215. Barlow, xxi, 202,589,591, 614, 816, 878. Barnaby, xvi. Barnard, 120, 421, 1190, 1213. Barnard Castle, 474, 489. Barnes, 28, 391, 852, 854, 1157, 1182, 1201. Barnesley, 1203. Armagh, 591, 702, 779, Astyanax, 465. 983, 998, 1007, 1029, Athanasi.m Creed, 1030, 1045-1047, 1049, 1044. 1052, 1053, 1060. Athens, 368. 1199- Baily, 212, 289, 290, 292, Barnstaple, 870. 296, 1167. Barnwell, 1193. Bainton, 1207,1211,1213. Baro, 77. Baker, 127, 129, 130, 298, Barons of the Exchequer, Astronomy, 934. 421, 932, 971, 975, 1154, xv, 157, 168, 621, 1151. Astrop Wells, 796. 1156, 1158, 1160, 1191, Barons, &c. of the Merchant- 1196,1203. Taylors'Company,xxvii, 1031, Baker quoted, 344, 425, Barrett, 1157, 1158. 466,611,747,1119,1120, Barrington Magna, 750. 1158,1186. Barrow, 581. INDEX. 1223 Barry, 129, 1191. Barsfold, 1174. Barsied, 1174. Barton, 356, 410, 473, 1204. Barton-Bend ish, 472, 480. Barwick, 721, 771. Baselden, 607. Bashfulness, 881. Basia, 1026. Basil, 574. Basilden, 41. Basing-Lane, xxi. Baskervile, 374. Basnett, 1218. Basset, 625. Batavia, 1113. Batchcroft, 472, 480, 482. Batchele.r, 264. Batchelers' Company, 148. Batcheller, 432. Batchellor, 272, 273. Batchelor, 1207. Bate, 557. Bateman, xxix, 391, 836, 905, 1158. Bates, 223, 775, 782. Bateson, 1207. Bath, 43, 238, 541, 555, 893, 905, 970, 1014, 1042, 1173, 1 207. Bath and Wells, 76, 153, 223, 363, 383, 663, 809, 810, 830, 898,914. Bathurst, 558. Batison, xix. Batsford, 400. Battersby, 314, 356, 357, 1199. Battie, 1065. Battle, 1214. Bauhine, 964, 1063. Bavant, 33. Bavaria, xxv, 895. Baxter, 890,891, 923,1006. Baxter quoted, 775. Bayley, xviii, 109, 188, 241, 243, 260, 262, 266, 275, 279, 281, 284, 286, 607, 1166, 1167. Baylie, 274, 280, 289, 295, 299, 314, 329, 341, 349, 356,678,798,1399. Bayly, 291, 292, 297, 341. Bayiibrigg, 358, 359, 1155. Baynbrigg's Will quoted, 358. Beacham, 557. Beaconsfield, 667. Bear, 1200. Bearblock, 61, 144-146, 179, 1191, 1197. Bearblocke, 323. Beardall, 235, 1153. Bearsley, 400. Beatification, 1058, 1078. Beat son, 1162. Beaudfield, 786. Beaumont, xxvii, 343, 620. Beccario, 1056. Beckingham, 424, 425. Bedell, 214, 219, 238, 1152. Bedford, xxv, 5," 51, 296, 303, 310, 315, 317, 435, 557, 682, 867, 1197. Bedfordshire, 507, 752. Bedingfield, x xviii, 1157. Bedington, 915. Bedlam, 416,726. Beefield, 100. Beeke, 1154. Beerblocke, 1192. Behmen, 976. Beirblock, 62, 1190. Belfelde, £1,114, 124. Belfield, 60, 78, 100, 115, 1190. Belfielde, 123. Belford, 78, 82. Belga, 559. Bell, 263-265, 370, 502, 508, 518, 539, 726, 729, 777, 790, 806, 828, 1147, 1163, 1196, 1200, 1213, 1218, 1220. Bell-Alley, 374. Bellamy, 2^5, 208, 234, 248, - 539, 1193, J 218. Bellarmine, 76, 618, 627, 631, 655, 659, 660. Bellasis, 819. Bell-Broughton, 1211,1213. Belles Lettres, 821, 1146. Belsire, 33, 553. Belson, 473. Bcnburb, 592. Benedictine College, 687. Benedictine Monks, 819. Bene't College, Cambridge, 76, 130, 420 422, 774. Bengal, 1071, 1097, 1099, 1106, 1111, 1112, 1114, 1140. Bennet, 997, 982, 1201, 1206. Bennett, 509, 514-516, 776, 1007,1214,1220. Benserte, 627. Benson, 250, 1035, 1153, 1185. Bent, 1157". Beutley, 975. Beoly, 670. Berdmore, 430. 432, 1206, 1207. Beresford, x xviii. Bergavenny, xxvii. Berke, 172. Berkeley, 807, 1199. Berkshire, 33, 579, 790, 862, 1120, 1176. Bermondsey, 849. Bernard, 118,119,321,326, 796, 797, 800-802, 809- 811,815,816, 826, 827, 838, 839, 859-862, 867, 868, 870, 872-876, 1197. Bernard College, 32. Berney, 1162. Berresford, 1157. Berriman, 404, 915, 916, 953, 960, 965, 968, 972. 985, 990, 1004, 1008, 1009, 1011, 1013, 1024, 1033, 1034, 1072, 1074, 1077, 1147. Berrow, 1208. Berry, 820. Berryman, 421. Best, 558, 1024,1074, 1183, 1215. Betham, 791. Betheiem Hospital, 5, 1065, 1103, 1135. Bethnal-Green, 1142. Bettenham, 1032. Bettesworth, 1193. Betton, 1095. Beuzeville, 455, 1114, 1132, 1142, 1143. Beveridge, 929. Bewley, 359, 361, 1155. Bewton, 1193. Bexwell, 482. Beza, 54. Bezalitl. and Aholiab, 1044. Bianchini, 1059. Biblical Criticism, 1142. Bibliothecae Americana? pri- mordia, 989. Bibliotheca Biblica, 950, 1064. Bickley, 277, 287. Bidding Form, 1023. Bidding of Prayers, 1044. Bigg, 1153, 1154. Biggs, 1205. Bigland, 506, 1145, 1184, Bigmote, 183, 220, 221, 231, 232, 234, 251, 1192. Bignell, 419,1205. Biley, 1213. Bill. 880. Billedge, 254, 1171. Billing, 137, 138. Billings, 141. Billins, 129, 1191. Bill-men, xxi. Bill of Revival, 850. Billy Hall, 632. Bilson, 134, 191. Binchester, 632. Bindon, 1039. Bing, 524. Bingham, 646. Biographia Britannica quo- ted or corrected, 9, 27, 12t, 134, 135, 222, 408, 550, 557, 619, 639, 646, 657, 664, 671, 676, 677, 692,700,710, 751,752,756, 766, 767, 774, 785, 789, 791, 792, 794,795,801, 802, 811, 817, 827, 823, 839, 840, 842, 843, 849, 860, 863, 864, 872 B74, 876-878, 883, 884, 890, 891, 900, 915, 940, 948, 950, 951, 953, 960, 965, 966, 972, 975, 977, 978, 984, 987, 995, 998-1000, 1005, 1007-1011, 1021, 1030, 1033, 1036, 1039, 1042, 1043, 1046-1050, 1052, 1056. Biographical Dictionary quo- ted, 304, 328, 348, 363, 651, 747, 788, 801, 840, 870, 954, 964, 970, 984, 985, 991, 1007, 1009, 1025, 1060-1063, 1065, 1068, 1070, 1071, 1081, 1082, 1084, 1089, 1090, 1092, 1094, 1097, 1100, 1104, 1107, 1109-1111, 1113, 1133, 1136, 1137, 1141, 1174. Bion, 1021, 1026. Birch, 511, 514, 519, 1122» 1123, 1147, 1214, 1220. Birchal, 414. Bird, 87, 403. Birds, 1146. Birkley, 1196. Birnie, 1185. Biscoe, 430, 431. Biserte, 627. Bishop, 187, 345, 428, 443, 450, 454, 455, 471, 501, 506, 510, 519, 520, 529, 1098, 1127-1129, 1132, 1137, 1144, 1146, 1158, 1165-1169, 1178, 1180, 1184, 1187, 1206, 1210, 122a Bishop quoted, 1128. Bishop's MSS. 372. Bishop of London'i Regis- try, 387, 399. Bishops, 559. Bishopsgate, 585. Bisbopsgate-Street, xxi,71t, 915, 1055. Biss, 1202. Bisse, 581. Bissell.i 1172. Bissextile, 989: Biter bitten, 1030v Blackall, 899, 979, 1013, 1183. Black Book, 1067. Blackbome, 1200. Blackbourn, 786, 1121- Blackburae. 1013, 1123. Blacket, 437,1208. Blackfriars, 195, 196. 198,. 342, 362> 793, 890. Blackfriars'-Bridge, 1142. - Blackhal), 1185. Black Hole, 1099. Black Notley, 208, 1123. Black Prince, 1086, Blackstone, 1084. Blackwell. 1155. 1224 INDEX. Bladon, 256. Blagrave, 152, 153, 156. Blagne, 124. Blake, 383, 907, 939, 945, 960, 1001, 1002, 1201. Blakiston, 502, 1213. Bland, 400, 1121, 1205. Blandford, 1005 Blandford, St. Mary's, 680, 681. Blechenden, 4££, 379, 384, 837, 861, v§78, 916, 970, Blechington, 760. Blechynden, 344, 381, 383, 1801. Blenheim, 895. Blennerhaset, 426. Blennerhasset, 1158. Blinco, 229,1194. Blincoe, 227, 251 . Bliss, 536, 1023, 1217. Blonifield, 473, 481. Bloonifield, 1142. Blosius, 688. Bloxwich, 415, 417, 418, 419, 1195. Bluck, 1144, 1210. Bludworth, 346. Blundel, 382, 1194. Blundell, 1201. Blunket, 1200. Blunt, 410, 962, 1026, 1159, 1204, 1218. Blyth, 1203, 1218. Bobard, 796. Bobart, 906. Bbcking, 24, 26, 76, 882. Bodharo, 1202. Bodleian Library, 88, 109, 191, 397, 406, 557, 589, 685, 801, 810, 859, 876, 878,965,973,1004,1035, 1064, 1093. Bodley, 612. Boerhave, 858, 963. Bohemia, 232, 574, 779. Boileau, 837, 917, 926. Boletus igniarius, 1093. Bolingbroke, 1025, 1042, 1043. Bologna, 875, 1056. Boiler, 1029. Bombay, 1094^ Bolton, xxviii, 323, 324, 354, 355, 359, 502, 795, 1154, 1219. Bond, 442, 1152. Bonner, 23. Bonnin, 1119. Bonus, 1162. Bononcini, 1135. Bonwicke, 353, 366, 379, 386, 387-393, 400, 410, 428, 503, 802, 804-806, 808, 809,811-813, 831, 838, 848, 861, 878-913, 916, 917, 922, 923, 925, 926, 928, 929, 931-934, 937,969-971,1036,1178, 1183,1199,1200, 1204. Booker, 1193. Booth, 769. Boothbie, 1152. Boothby, 137, 185, 190. Bohadsch, 1059. Borrington, 400. Boscawen, 1067. 635, 679, 1011, 1021, Bridge quoted, 186, 1174, 1033, 1036, 1039, 1190. 1176. Boyle's Lectures, 431, 926, Bridgeman, 33. 1006, 1023, 1074. Boyne, 886. Boys quoted, 42. Brabant, 1016. Braborn, 786. Braborne, 1192. Bose, 1058, 1078, 1092, Braby, 201, 1193. 1102. Boseham, 1171. Bosius, 838. Bostock, 476, 1212. Boswell, 593, 692, 1206. Bosworth, 1209. Botanicon Parisiense, 963. Botanist, 755, 949, 1054. Brace, 302, 316. Bracebridge, 428, 1206. Brachmans, 873. Bradford, 203,556. Bradley, 1159, 1160. Bridgenorth, 146. " Bridge-Street, 1142. Bridges, 1134. Bridgewater, 835. Briggen, 1153. Briggs, 1153, 1187, 1194, 1217. Brigham, 33. Bright, 328. Brightwell, 860. Brill, 192. Brind, 1157. Bradshaw, 305, 307, 311, Brinknell, 1210, 312. Bradshawe, 1153. Botany, 858, 996, 1040, Bradstreet, 481. 1084. Botleigh, 756. Botton, 1025. Botyll, 29,30. Botyll's Will quoted, 29. Bouchier, 1209. Boudry, 426, 1206. Boughton, 474. Boulter; 393, 542, 849, 850, Bradwardine, 945. Bradwell, 185. Bradwell Juxta Mare, 1199, Brailsford, 1205. Brain, 1197. Braine, 320. Braintree, 848. Brakenridge, 454, 1144, 1210, 1211, 884, 940, 944, 959, 962, Bramdean, 1115. 971, 982-987, 992, 995, Bramshill, 641. 997, 998, 1000, 1007- Brandaris, 346. 1010, 1021, 1028,1029, Brandon, 363, 364, 1200. 1032, 1036, 1039, 1045- Bransom, 1160. 1047, 1049, 1050, 1052, Branson, 468. 1053, 1055, 1060. Brauthwaite, 1196. Boulter's Monument, 1053, Brathwait, 892, 893. 1060. Brathwaite, 512, 514, 1210, British Law, 1146, Boulter quoted, 984, 986, 1214. * British Merchant, 925. 987, 992, 1028, 1050, Braxtead Lodge, 867. British Museum, 88, 524, Briscoe, 421. Bristol, 3, 33, 46, 49, 53, 63, 69, 76, 78, 130, 153, 153, 169, 242, 274, 336, 338, 471, 634, 643, 738, 752, 860, 905, 960, 992, 997, 1053, 1072, 1101, 1115, 1164, 1191. Briston, 473,474. Bristow, 495, 497, 498, 514, 515, 1024, 1074. Britain, 546, 1130, 1131. British, 875, 1070, 1071, 1081, 1109, 1139, 1174. British Chaplain, 1003. British Church, 906, 1095. British Empire, 1110. British Factory, 1003, 1055. British General, 1 042, 1 108. British Isles, 1006. 1052. Bourbon, 1131. Bourcher, 1192. Bourchier, xxvii, Bourdillon, 1162. Bourignon, 976,1137. Bourignonism, 955. Bourignonists, 881, 957 Bourne, 1150. Bray, 476, 1074, 1212. 897, 1085, 1096, 1174, Bray's Chapel, 628. 1175. Brazen-Nose College, Ox- British Name, 1124, ford, 8, 23, 25, 26, 33, British Words, 873. 190,213, 256,580,612. Brixworth, 117 1,1174,1176. 204, Broadgate, 275, 276, 1196, Broadgate-Hall, 8, 642 Broadley, 519, 1216. Broad-Street, x xi, 1181. Brocas, 101 9. Brock, 1138. Brockhol'd, 272. Brockholes, 1173. Brockman, 1209 1186, 1209, 1218. Brazen Sea, 872. Brearewood, 580: Breda, 782. Bousfell, or Bowsfield, 27, Breedon, 1213, 1220. 28, 39i 59, 85, 557, 569, BrencbMey, 196. 1189. Brent, 291,1043,1198 Bowen, 462,465,475, 1187, Brentford, 257. 1212,1219. Brentwood, 1184. Bowes Free - School', 472, Brereton, 403, 1204. 474, 488, 489, 491, 492, Bret 355, 359, 1156, 1157. Broderich, 1207. 499-501. Brett, 989, 1036, 1038, Brome, 487, 910, 922, 1161, Bowles, 745, 1210. 1150,1152. 1162. Bowling, 1026. Brewer, 229, 1194. Bromehead, 1213. Bowthorp, 634. Brewster, 430, 435, 1009, Bromfield, 786. Bbwyer, 503, 504, 970, 1207. ' Bromham, 1196. 1197, 1199. Btichen, 622. Bromley, 38, 77, 81, 82, Bowyer quoted, 802,808, Brickenden, 1188,1220. 556,669,1122. 809, 812, 814, 861, 862, Brickhill parva, 786. 970. Brideoak, 987, 988. Bowzer, 516,1215. Bridewell, 149,216,1065, Brooke, xix, 857, 868, 1195. Boxwell, 995. 1103. Brooker, 433, 434, 436, Boydell, 528, 529. Bridewell Hospital, 1187. 1053, 1100, 1116, 1184, Boy field, 1159. Bridge, 391, 393, 683, 887, 1186,1207. Boyle, 109, 133, 584, 634, 1030,120-2. Brookes, 273, 1158,1188. Bromsgrove, 268, 328, 789. Brook, xv, 687. INDEX. 1225 Brookhall, 27S. Brooke 1196. Broomer, 1158. Broughton, 86, 1158, 1220. Brounker, 1205. Brown, 473, 480, 495-499, 557, 560, 892, 1203. Browne, xxviii, 2, 10, 35, 195, 196, 450, 911, 971, 1026, 1149, 1153, 1165, 1163, 1173, 1194, 1195, 1210. Browning, 484, 485, 488, . 490,491,501,560. Bruges, 881. Brunswick, 543, 736, 1123. Brussels, 834. Brute, 816. Bryan, 1208. Bryant, 412. Buck, 341, 342. Bucke, 1174. Buckeridge, 85, 94, 129, 152, 154, 171, ISZ, 201, 202, 205, 209, 211, 255, 344, 353, 384, 576, 579, 584, 607, 613-615, 628- 631, 633, 641, 647, 648, 651, 655, 661, 663, 667, 728, 775. 1190, 1195, 1199. Buckhurst, 580. Buckingham, xxv, 1, 345, 647,648,903. Buckinghamshire, 9, 707, 752, 757, 786, 1017, 1176. Buckland, 85, 625-627, 786, 1190. Buckle, 536, 1217. Buckler, 1134. Buck Thorn, 1071. Budge-Row, 198. Bugbridge, 94. Bugdeu, 153. Buggins, 39, 1189. Bulkeley, 901, 1006. Bull, 586. Bullejn, 23. Bullialdus, 816. Bullingbrook, xxiii. Bulstrode, 639. Bunhill, 314. Bunting, 270, 306, 309, 370, 1179, 1197. Burchall, 1207. Burd, 75, 83, 84,969,1179, 1204. Burde, 79, 80. Burdett, 1158. Bureau, 1219, Burford, 750. Burgersdicius, 910, 922. Burgess, xxx, 66, 114, 115, 123, 124, 690, 727. Burghley, xxviii. Burgundy, 879. Bunton, 883, 1005. Burket, 1204. Burleigh, 106, 557, 560, 579. Burlington, 791, 1209. Burn, 433-436, 1116, J 150, 1180, 1184, 1186, 1206. Burnby, 1209. Burndley, 76. Burnell, 129, 1191. Burnet, 423, 847, 848, 902. Burnsal, 150. Burrell, 396. Burrows, 1216. Burslem, 1061. Burton, 690, 691, 794,1192. Busfelde, 60. Bushby, 858. Bushell, 355, 359, 362, 364, 365, 390, 1156. Bushie, 744. Bush-Lane, 374, 1132. Bushnan, 1162. Bussiere, 910. Bust, 610. Buswell, 1163. Butleigh, 807. Butler,- 196, 892, 893, 973, 1036, 1197, 1198, 1209. Buttery Book, 685, 845. Byam, 910. Byfield, 977, 978. Byng, 524, 1100 Byrom, 428, 975-988,1135- 1137. Byrom quoted, 1136. Byron, 707, 708. Byssus, 1092. Byssus velutina, 1092. Byzantinus, 873. Cadeby, 1173. Cadogan, 1042. Casdmon, 1085, 1093. Caelus, 756. Caen, 54. Caermarthen, 188. Cassar. Sfi, 222, 621, 705, 961, 1190. Cage, 394. Caius College, Cambridge, 818, 1176. Calamus, 386. Calamy, 558, 731, 732, 748, 775, 779-782, 784, 794, 842, 843, 859, 890, 891, 900-904, 923, 952, 953, 971, 996, 1006, 1007, 1045. Calamy quoted, 787, 794. Calandrini, 1059. Calasio, 1064. Calchas, 465. Calcocke, -227, Calcott, 227- Calcutta, 1097-1100, 1103, 1105, 1106, 1111, H12, 1114, 1138-1140. Calendar, 1032. Calendarium Ecclesiasticum et Civile, &c. 874. CalfhjU, 23, 24, 27, 28. Caligula, 922. Calvert, 641,1080. Calvin, 583, 945. Calvinism, 368, 664, 731, 817, 840, 944. Calvinists, 566, 567, 583, 647. Cam, 853, 937, 1124. Cambray, 688, 917. Cambridge, Duke of, 54.1, 1216. Cambridgeshire, 557, 559, 840,877, 1038, 1167. Cambridge Town, 287, 449, 499, 506, 547, 664, 792, 81 T, 877, 935. Cambridge University, 22- 24, 31, 32, 38, 55, 75, 77, 80, 82, 85, 130, 135, 139, 180, 188, 195, 199, 202, 227, 228, 238, 287, 322, 342, 362, 368, 376, 396, 398, 407, 441, 447, 448, 461, 553, 554, 556, 558, 562, 564, 566, 568, 573, 576, 577, 579, 585, 586, 593,604, 611, 629, 632, 644, 650, 653, 656, 658, 661, 664, 672, 676, 677, 719, 723, 753, 755, 766, 789, 798, 801, 817, 818, 840, 852, 854, 857, 865, 869, 877, 908-910, 912, 913, 927-930, 934, 944, 950, 975, 977, 982, 1033, 1055, 1059, 1078, 1103, 1124, 1165, 1168, 1176, 1186, 1200, 1204. Cambro British, 1174. Camden, 60, 125, 126, 135, 137, 591. Campbell, 454, 958, 1036, 1211. Campian, 33, 76. Campion, 594, 604, Camplin, 536, 1217. Caudle Purse, 711. Cannon-Street, 346, 477, 573. Canonical Admonition, 690. Canons of the Church, 1044. Canterbury, xix, xxvi, 23, 24, 26, 121-123, 135, 153, 169, 199, 208, 213, 223, 253, 257, 310, 415, 448, 565, 573, 575, 589, 607, 616, 617, ,622, 625, 630, 637,-656, 660, 670, 684, 687, 688, 692, 778, 783, 786, 884, 892, 896, 897, 940, 944, 951, 973, 1031, 1037, 1051, 1104, 1126, 1127, 1136, 1171, 1174-1176, 1213. Cantre, 1174. Cantrell, 388, 1202. Canute, 609. Capcott, 7fi, 7a Capel, 727. Captain of the School, 403. Captives, 1072. Capuchins, 688. Carbo, 387. Carcau, 815. Cardiff, 191. Cardigan, 1144. Cardiganshire, 867. Careless Content, 1135. Carell, 1179. Carew, xxvii. Carey, 202, 569, 1099. Carfax, 578, 609, 787. Carike, 255. Carlingford, 591, 998. Carlisle, xxvi, 22, 60, 106, 412, 702,1187. Carman, 899. Carmen Coronarium, 993. Carmen Sasculare, 461. Carnarvon, 666. Carnatic, 1067, 1091. Carolina, 964. Caroline, Queen, 993, 994, 1074, 1122. Caron, 172. Carpenter, 196, 198, 784. Carpenters' Company, 6. Carr, 828,1195, 1215,1220. Carrell, 169, 170, 181, 182. Carstairs, 842, 843. Cartaret, 987. Carter, 426-428, 430, 536, 1217. Carter-Lane, 374. Cartwright, 559, 560, 561, 573. 582, 694. Casaubon, 619, 656,659. Casberd, 442-444, 1208, 1210, 1215. Case, 38, 39, 43, 52, 53. 575, 620, 799. Cases of Conscience, 871. Cassano, 1122. Cassington, 66T. Castel Bianco, 343. Castile,. 819. Castle, 758. Castle Camps, 221, 117T. Castlehold, 1172. Castor, 709. Castre, 1176. Casuistry, 1075. Casuists, 1012. Catalogue of MSS. in Great Britain, &c. 861, 862. Catalogue of Plants, 867. Catalonia, 1016. Catcher, 211, 1152. Catcott, 414, 424, 1032, 1072, 1204. Catechetical Lecture,, 918. Catechism, 1075. Catechise, 563,1133. Catechislical Doctrine, 657. B58. Cateclrist Lecturer/667, 66S, Catesby, 964, 1093. 1226 INDEX. Catstock, 1127. Cat-Street, xiv, 727. Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 168, 396, 673, 865, 869, 894, 925, 937, 938, 982, 1054, 1200, 1202, 1203, 1205, 1207, 1209-1211, 12.15. Cathedral Musick, 1054. Cathedral Worship, 1006. Catholick Church, 857, 920, 955, 957, 959, 967. Catholick Communion, 955. Catholick Principles, 956. Catholick Unity, 956. Cato Major, 1026. Cattistock, 1216. Catullus, 387, 1026. Cauntrell, 868, 918. Caupo, 465 Causidicas, 465. Cavaliers, 755, 763. Cave, 442,1208. Caveri, 1087. Cawthorne, 1157. Cayley, xviii. Cazalet, 1220. Cecil, 44, 106,422, 579,710. Cecyll, 6. Celsy, 668. Cephas, 1034. Ceremonies of the Church, 968. Ceretica, 867. Chadderton, 76, 77, 80i Chadsley, 1207. Chadwick, 1156, 1159. Chffirea, 462. Chaldee, 916. Chalfont, St. Giles, 1202. Chalfont, St. Peter's, 1129, 1203, 1208, 1209, 1213, 1214. Challock, 786. Challoner, 1202. Chalmeiy 468. Chalmers, 33, 444, 984, 985, 991, 1007, 1009, 1209. Chalmers quoted, 4, 33. Chamberlaine, 558. Chamberlain-Wood, 169. Chainbre, 33,1151. Chambrelan, 1155. Champnes, 211. Champneys, 522-525,. 1216. Chancellor of Cambridge, 560, 579, 775. Chancellor of the Exche- quer, 621, 683. Chancellor of France, xxvii, 873. Chancellor of Oxford, xiv, 77, 566, 617, 666, 685, 686, 712, 719, 774, 775, 889, 1212. Chancery, Court of, 47, 48, 444, 446, 478, 488, 495, 498,751,754,1174,1181. Chancery-Lane, 68. Chandemagore, 1105,1106. Chandler, 554, 950, 1008, 1073, 1074. Chandos, 1174. Chantry Priests, xvii. Chapel Furniture, 1033. Chapel of the-School, 176. Chapel Royal, 1211. Chaplain in Ordinary, 666, 671, 681, 764, 775, 777, 807, 814, 815, 896, 973, 994, 1037, 1211. Chaplin, 1158. Chapman, 793. Chappell, 96. Characterists, 667. Chard, 1202. Charely, 251. Charing-Cross, 82, 833. Charity, 1073,1077. Charity Schools, 979, 990, 1009, 1019, 1095. Chark, 560. Charke, 41. Charlbury, 53, 208, 1064, 1203. Charles I. xxii, xxv, 150, 224, 232, 263, 267, 301, 304, 307, 328, 526, 587, 609, 647, 650, 651, 654, 655, 657, 663, 664, 669- 672, 674, 676, 678, 679, 681-686, 688, 689, 691- 693, 695, 697, 699, 701- 708, 710-718, 720-722, 724, 725, 727, 729-737, 741, 744, 763, 764, 769, 778, 783, 796, 816, 825, 831, 836, 848, 856,892, 913, 990, 994, 3073, 1169, 1176. Charles II. 169, 274, 304, 307, 325, 328, 331, 526, 736, 746, 748, 753, 761, 763, 764,769-773, 775- 785, 789, 791, 800, 802- 804, 807, 814-816, 818- 821, 823, 825, 826, 829- 832, 834, 870, 885, 888, 890, 970, 1199. Charles III. 895. Charles V. 674. Charles XII. 11 21. Charles Lodowicke, Elector of Bavaria, x xv, 276. Charles, Prince of Wales, 643-645. Charleton, 1158. Charlett, 889. Charlotte, Princess of Meck- lenburg, 1127. Charlotte, Queen, 521, 525, 1137. Charlton, 322,791. Charlton upon Otmore, 257. Charnocke, 63, 64, 841, 1190. Chart* Scripts, 795, Charterhouse, 68,221,412, 413,605, 676, 805, 849, 1057. Charterhouse School, 1177. Chaucer, 15, 1072. Chancer quoted', 15. Chayre, 1174. Cheam, 810, 887, 906, 1184, 1198, 1214. Cheame, 130, 1184, 1211. Cheapside, 38, 147, 880. Checkenden, 1206. Cheek, 269. Chelmsford, 690. Chelsea, 168, 169, 257, 258, 758, 892,944, 1025,1085. Chelsea College, 621. Chelsea Garden, 1040. Chenell, 296. Cheny, 200, 201. Cherlbury, 634, 1064. Cherry, 414,465,466-468, 520, 522, 525, 527, 538- 540, 1144, 1169, 1178, 1212, 1220. Cheshunt, 1205.- Chessey, 1161. Chester, 4, 557, 639, 798, 810, 840, 851, 899, 900, 902, 903, 907, 917, 937, 945, 960, 979, 1001,1003. Chester, Bishop of, 463. Chesterfield, 9t7. Chesterfield quoted, 1043. Chevalier, 948. Chevalier de St. George, 1042. Cheyne, 922. Cheynell, 263, 289, 290, 295, 296,297, 299-301, 303, 310, 314, 726, 727,. 729. Chicheley, 223. Chichester, 76, 131, 253, 263, 613, 614, 641, 654, 658, 662, 666, 675, 764, 807, 817, 928, 1015, 1 1 44, 1171, 1175, 1176, 1211. Chiddingfield, 737. Chief Baron, 663, 730. Chief Justice, 352, 639, 684, 819, 820, 829, 831, 832, 1052, 1079. Chigwell, 189. Chilbolton, 1200. Chilcot, 1155. Chilcott, 343. Child, 540,1163. Childerley, 135. Childersley, 137, 168. Chilton Park, 776. China, 804, 886. Chinese, 872. Chinsura, 1113. Chishull, 897, 945. Chislehurst, 322. Chiswick, 28, 203, 223. Chitty, 1161. Cholmondeley, 951. Cholsley, 70.' Chorea Gigantum, 791. Choristers, 338, 340. Chown, 394, 1202. Chremes, 462. Christ Church, Dublim, 791, 857. Christ Church, London, 68, 1014, 1182. Christ Church, Oxford, 22, 24 32,33,43,63-55,103, 142, 169, 190, 192, 221, S89, 555, 578, 580, 608, 611, 614, 680, 681, 685, 686, 694, 711, 712, 724, 726, 763, 807, 810, 849, 864, 870, 878, 889, 909, 960, 985, 989, 990, 994, 1021, 1022, 1037, 1048, 1049, 1055,1129, 1164, 1180, 1190, 1199, 1200, 1210, 1214. Christ Church, Spitalfields, 1178. Christ's ColIege,-Cambridge, 130, 131, 180, 202, 1177, 1202, 1208. Christ's College, Manches- ter, 753. Christ's Hospital and School, 149, 249, 337, 354, 375, 376, 417, 458, 459, 487, 853, 1119, 1134, 1178, 1182, 1209. Christendom, 572,589,651, 706, 959. Christian Charity,. 785, 891, 1060. Christian Church, 965, 1001, 1004, 1019, 1073. Christian Knowledge, 785. Christian Legislature, 967. Christian Liberty, 1059, 1060. Christian Life, 1036. Christian Ministry, 973. Christian Perfection, 1035. Christian Religion, 287,330, 562, 691, 693, 835, 883, 950, 951, 967, 978, 988, 1009, 11S3, 1136, 1143. Christian Subjects, 1148. Christian Uniformity, 559. Christians, 966, 967, 978, 979,1033,1064. Christiern IV. 614. Christina, 751, 752, 773. Christmas, 989. Christmas - Day Sermons, 655. Christmas Eve, 928. Christmas Prince, 620. Christopher, 287, 298, 1196. Chronicon omnis iEvi, 874. Chubb, 1036. Chundasaheb, 1081-1084, 1087, 1090. Church, 343, 359, 1154, 1203. INDEX. 122? Church and King, 824. Church and State, 550, 613, 718, 789, 842, 1147. Church Communion, 972, 974. Church Fasts, 913. , Church Government, 621, 690, 713, 717, 719, 780, 1032. Church History, 1020. Churchill, 846,1133. Church Lands, 645. Churchman, 99, 112, 119, 121, 135, 285, 293, 312, 320, 969, 1126, 1150, 1154. Churchmen, 561, 606, 757, 843, 951, 1147. Church Militant, 871, 955, 957. Church of Corinth, f034. Church of England, xxx, 76, 106, 256, 387, 565, 568, 571, 572, 581, 583, 614, 615, 621, 626, 642, 644, 645, 647, 651, 664, 670, 672, 681-684, 693, 703, 734, 737-739, 741, 763, 771, 774, 775, 778, 780, 781, 783, 818, 828, 337, 843, 844, 847, 848, 854-856, 858, 859, 876, 881, 884, 885, 890, 891, 896, 902, 903, 906, 907, 913, 914, 920, 921, 923, 938, 941, 944, 951, 952, 955, 959-961, 966, 968, 969, 982, 988, 989, 990, 992, 997, 999, 1007, 1015, 1016, 1020, 1031, 1034, 1045, 1072, 1075, 1115, 1129, 1144, 1147, 1181. Church of Ireland, 984, 992. Church of Rome, 43, 358, 368,572,589,705, 818, 824, 837, 851, 879, 957, 1019, 1020. Church of Scotland, 621, 622. Church Order, 691. Church-Sireet, 1181. Churches of Asia, 897. Churches of Europe, 897. Chymists, 873. Cib'ber, 1026. Cibber quoted, 952, 954, 955, 962, 1025, 1042. Cicada, 1101. Cicero, 429, 1026, Cicuta, 1054. Cicuta virosa, 1063. Cinque Ports, 1126. Cirencester, 792, 893. Cismar, 687. Civilians, 1146. Civil Law, 1146. Civil Law Professor, 1211. Civil Law Scholarship, 1217, 1218. Civil Society, 1055. Civil War, 650, 794. Clairaut, 1102. Clapham, 1192, 1210. Clarck, 201, 205, 208. Clare, 501, 527, 1128, 1216, 1220. Clare quoted, 454, 467, 501, 506, 519, 1128, 1132, 1137. Clare Hall, Cambridge, 384, 385, 1183, 1200, 1205- 1207, 1210. Clarence, xxv. Clarencieux, xviii. Clarendon, 736, 771, 773, 774, 800, 910. Clarendon quoted, 681, 689, 701,702,708. Clark, 430, 454, 758, 1194, 1207,1211-1213. Clarke, x xviii, 148, 230, 369, 462, 472, 529, 939, 940, 945, 953,978,1154,1155, 1157, 1160, 1163, 1191, 1193, 1194, 1200, 1206, 1217. Clarkson, xix, 1162. Claudius, 922. Claughton, 1173. Clavaria, 1101. Clavering, 94. Clayton, 1171, 1199. Cleaton, 118, 125-127, 1190. Cleeve, 426, 1201, 1206. Clemens Alexandrinus, 940, 941, 950, 1032. Clement VIII. 589. Clements, 1035. Clement's Inn, 474, 489. Cleomedes,_875. Clergy, 693, 702, 737, 7S8, 763, 779, 837, 840, 841, 855, 940, 952, 963, 967, 979, 982, 990, 999, 1019, 1034, 1051, 1072, 1129, 1133, 1147. Clergymen's Widows, 1046, 1047, 1049. Clerical Worthies, 1129. Clerk, 422, 473, 922, 1179. Clerk of the Closet, 670, 671, 942. Clerk of the Merchant-Tay- lors' Company, xix, xxi, 372,1030,1181. Clerk of the Pipe, 905. Clerkenwell, xxi, 629. Cleveland, 354, 815. Cleypole, 749, 761, 765, 766. Cliff, 1156. Cliffe, 105, 353, 355, 359, 360,1155, 1190. Clifford, 255. Clifton, 471, 1194. • 7-i*2 Cline, 506, 1146, 1188, 1219. Clive, 455, 542, 1060-1063, 1065, 1067-1070, 1081- 1083, 1086-1092, 1094, 1097,1099, 1100, J 103- 1113, 1124, 1128, 1137- 1141. Clockmakers' Company, 1121. Clopton, xv. Clothworkers' Company, 6, 1181. Clouder, 528,1163. Cloyne, 1009. Cluverius, 659. Clyff, 156, 187, 192i Clynte, 1152. Coates, 1169. Coates quoted, 4. Cobbe, 291. Cobden, 1074. Cock, 1159. Cockayne, 442, 1078,1080. Cock-Pit, 894, 897. Cockrane, xxviii, Cocks, 1159. Codford, 1201, 1212. Codrington, 298,466. Cokayue, 1208, 1212. Coke, 832. Coke quoted, 700. Colchester, 24, 28, 268, 269, 328, 840, 1166, 1181. Colchester School, 1177. Cold Harbor, 346. Cole, 41,1155. Cole's MS. quoted, 938. Coleman, 27J, 272, 275, 276, 818, 819. Coleman-Street, 326. Coleroon, 1088. Coles, 1179, 1183. Coleshill, 959, 1202. Colfe, 322,1122. Colin to Phoebe, 975, 1135. Collectors of Prints, 1072. College Exercises, 970, 1128. College-Hill, 374. College Physician, 994,999, 1078, 1079, 1120. College Prayers, 910. College of Arms, 1171, 1174, 1176. College of Physicians, 578, 608,612,661,829,868. College of Surgeons* 1138. Collet, 90, 471, 472, 1152, 1219. Collier, 922,1157. Collier quoted, 23, 267,548, 560, 561, 577, 581, 582, 590, 607, 608, 615, 621, 622, 625, 630, 635, 641, 643, 645, 648, 630, 672, 680; 689, 691, 696, 707, 718, 720, 730, 732, 759, 781, 819. Collingbume Ducis, 635,638, Collins, 1038, 1194. Collins quoted, 862. Cdllinson, 1217. Colman, 524. Cologne, 575, 1078. Colston, 1160. CoIuib a, 386. Colun.plon, 870, 871. Colrade, 786. Combe, 372, 1201. Comber, 968. Comick Muse, 693. Comitia Philologica, 1026. Commentators, 968. Commissary, 1071. Commissioners, 718, 730, 749, 753, 757, 760, 769, 775, 776, 781, 789, 841, 855, 894, 897, 898, 905, 921. Commissioners of Array, 707. Commissioners of Bankrupts, 1212, 1216. Commissipners of the Ex- chequer, 752. Commissioners of the Great Seal, 724, 725, 735, 742, 749, 769, 1079. Commissioners of the Trea- sury, 754, 758, 842. Committee of both King- doms, 713. Committee of Lords and Commons, 709, 721, 723. Committee of Nineteen, 77(K Committee of Religion, 648, 758. Committee of Safety, 7?&, 772. Committee of Ten, 770. Committee of Thirty-eight, 731. Committees, 714, 721, 724, 727,731, 742, 758-760, 906, 924, 939, 1085, 1139, 1141. Common Council of Lon- don, 771, 1116-1118. Common Law, 1146. Common Place Book, 911. Common Pleas, 507, 639, 1055. Common Prayer Book, 646, 735, 737, 738, 742, 755, 781, 914, 933, 961, 968, 989, 993, 1032, 1036, 1044. Common Serjeant of Lon- don, 412, 884,961, 1170, 1212. Couimonsf' Journals quoted, 267,319,776, 1135. Commonwealth, 747, 751. Communion, 615, 616. Communion of the Church, 966. Communion of Saints,.957. 1228 INDEX. Communion Service, 909, 932, 1032. Coinnore, 63. Coino, 1067. Companies of London, xiii, Coot, 473. Coote, 1100. Cope, 1069,1184. Coplils, 873, 874. Copley, 1058. xv, xxiii, xxiv, xxix, 319, Coppin, 1206. 389, 1021, 1073. Compendium Syntaxis Eras- mianae, 961. Compilers of the Liturgy, 968. Compostella, 687. Compton, 868, 886, 961, 992, 1014, 1025, 1045, 1079, 1200, 1202. Conen, 432, 1207. Coptic, 797, 827, 875. Corallines, 1084, 1085. Corals, 1034. Corbet, 88, 1151,1194. Corbett, 640. Cordall, 33, 37, 40, 41, 44- 52, 54, 55, 58, 64, 67, 68, 100, 144. Corderius, 164,165. Corinth, 1034. Conferva yEgrapaspila, 1084. Cork and Ross, 853. Court Baron, 482. Court of Enquiry, 1068. Courts of Judicature, 967. Courts of Justice, 743. Court Writers, 999. Couse, 1201. Cousin, 169. Covenanters, 690, 720, 774, Criterion of 781. 1019. Coventry, 3, 9, 33, 49, 69, Critici Sacri, 774. 78, 94, 188, 241, 242, Crito. 464. • 266, 271, 283, 336, 338, Crockett, 1162. 742. Croft, 780. Coventry and Litchfield, 169, Croft Castle, 414, 189. Croke, 639. Coventry School,1183,1186. Crompton, 870, 871 Crick, 15S, 186, 187, 218 211,246,316,878,1041, 1184, 1195, 1198, 1199, 1201,1206,1208, 1213. Cripplegate, 826, 849. Crisp, 382, 384, 1201. Crispe, 378, 884. Christianity, Confession, 968. Confessor, 763, 779, 819, 1115. Confirmation, 1015. Conformity, xxx. Conge d'61ire, 778, 105.5. Conic Sections, 800, 875. Cornbury, 575. Cornhill, 346,351. Corntlvwaile, 1080. Comutus, 874. Cornwall, 615,616,859. Cornwallis, 862, 863. Coronation, 1032. Coningsby, 378, 394, 1180, Corps of Gownsmen, 712. 1183,1201. Conolly, 987, 995. Conquest, 192. Consensus Veterum, 837. Conservatory of Health, 868. Conspiracy, 10-i2. Constantine, 929. Constantine the Great, 756. Constantinople, 622, 1063. Constellation, 1121. Constitution Club, 948 Corpus Christi College, Cam bridge, 420,458,1208. Corpus Christi College, Lau rence Pountney-Hill, 1. Corpus Christi College, Ox- Crakow, ,571 ford, 54, 190, 213, 257, Cranhorn, xxvni. Coverdale, 26, 27. Cowden, 78. Cowley, 935. Cowling,. 1160. Cowper, 1159. Cox, 382, 1157, 1194,1203, Coxe, 1151. Coxeler, 466. Coxson, 227, 1194. Cradock, 1026, 1158. Craford, 747. Craftsman, 1000, 1025, Crosbie, il83. 1026,1043. Cross, 1197, 120& Crosse, 323. Crossfield, 1159, Cromwell, 46, 49, 137, 2NJ, 211, 236, 328, 339, 579, 717, 720 722, 724, 730, 735, 746-754, 757, 759, 761/765, 766, 768,788^ 836. Croocher, 211, 242, 260, 280, 729, 1193. Crooke, 140. Crooked-Lane,, 346. Crook es, 1194.- 564-567,580,617,618, Cranbrook, 86, 1177. Cross Keys, 194. 630, 631, 696, 846, 857, Cranford, 271-273, 277, Croston, 796. 932, 1115, 1132, 1189, 287,296,303,310,315, Crouch, 1157. 317,. 320, 435, 1196, Crowcher, 212, 243, 246, 1197. 248, 262, 2o6, 274, 275, Cranmer, 23, 564-566,568, 281, 284, 286, 293-297, 591, 631. 299. Cranwell, 1193. Crapthorne, 53. Crashaw, 559- Crastyne, 421. Crassus, 1042. Crarinus, 464. Craven, xxviii, 119, 149, 150, 155, 186-188, 210, 211, 1151,1157. Creation, 962. Credibility of Mysteries, Croydon House, 786. 1044. Cryptogamia, 964. Crediton, 803. Cuckney, 1193. Creech, 436, 1152. Cudworth, 758. Creed, 262, 274, 275, 280, Cuife, 242, 243, 248, 260, 2fil, 286, 295, 297, 668, 262. 1190,1215, 1217. Corrano, 54. Consummation of all Things, Cosin, 121, 473, 474, 677. 1001. Cossimbuzar, 1097. Consumpt per Mare, 1174. Cossins, 123. Continent, 745, 858, 8 7, Cosleker, 1163. 877, 962, 963, 966, 1078, Cosyn, xvii. 1138 Col'elerius, 873. Continuation of Wood's Cotta, 661. Athena;, 1023. Cottingham, 790. Conventicles, 870. Cotlington, 682. Convention Parliament, 856. Cotton, 126, 1153, 1213, Conversation in Heaven, 1220. 991. Cotton House, 732. Convocation, 647,648,737, Coulier, 1160 763, 779, 780, 854, 855, Councell Howse, 96. 913,914, 921, 923,952, Council Chamber, 897,1010. 990, 1011. Councils, 1073 Convocation Book, 1'9. CouncilTable, 1028, 1050. Conyers, 249, 252,. 255, Council of Officers, 750, 383, 384, 729, 945, 973, 768. 744, 1200. 1027, 1028, 1195, 1199, Council of Trade, 754. Creeke, 186, 210. 1201. Council of State, 306, 307, Creightori, 810. Cood, 524, 1220., 312, 313, 735, 740, 769, Crepin, xxi. Cook, xviii, 403, 508, 557, 775. Crescent, 541. 558,1146. Council of War, 708, 743. Cressey, 1197. Cooke, 264, 272, 273, 383, Counter Scuffle, 796. Cressy, 322.. 404,410,411, 414, 421, Couper, 113. Cieta, 387. 423, 428, 508, 886, 892, Court of Arches, 121, 786, Crew, 1005, 1162. Crowe, 473. Crowland, 1197. Crowley, 1095. Crowther, 212, 214, 295, 226, 260, 262, 266, 725, 729, 738, 778, 780, 789, 790, 800, 806, 855, 888, 889,1180, 1183,1194. Groxton, 209, 210, 1193. Croydon, 23, 809. 893, 897, 905, 11 96, 1201, 1205, 1206. Cooling, 1192. Cooper, 151, 152,154-157, 559, 1163, 1186, 1191, 1205, 1207, 1230. Culham, 473. Culloden, 540. Culme, 1164. Culpeper, 33. Culverwell, 826. Cumberland, 21, 23, 60, 643, 1041, 1122. Cummins, 374. Cuney,, 1198. 1174,1191. Criche, 396, 404, 435, 438, Cupes, 465 Court of Assistants of the 443, 444, 451-454,456- Cuprsssus Americana, 107>«. 458, 460, 486, 487, 502, Curcellaeus, 922. 507, 510, 1116, 1123, Curling, 514. 1178, 1180, 1184, 1186, Curples, 482. 1203, Curtis, 1159. Merchant-Taylors' Com- pany, 1149-1164, 1169, 1181. Court of Audience, 131. INDEX. 1229 Custom of the School, 436. Cuthbert, 1157. Cutler, 502, 1213. Cutwar, 1106. Cypress, 1063. Cyril, 876. Dacca, 1097. Dacier, B16. Dacre, xxvii. Dacres, 756. Dade, 1095,1153. Daffome, 382, 383. Daillon, 955. Dallison, 1163. Dalmarius, 621. Dalmer, 1215. Dalrymple quoted, 844. Damaske, 357. Dance, 1162. Dandridgc, 1160. Daniel, 327, 987. Daniel's Weeks, 1018. D'Araude, 309. Darcey, 55. D'arcy, xxvii, 867. Darell, 963. Darrel, 674. Darrell, 1150. Dartmouth, 856. Dasypus noveni cinctus, 1101. D'Autreuil, 1088, 1090. Davenant, 201, 296, 767, 768,777, 1193. Davennet, 1151. Davenport, 539, 1158, 1161, 1183, 1185, 1218. Davies, 278, 465, 541, 543, 1218. Davis, 277, 324, 371, 1121, 1102, 1197, 1198, 1200. Davy, 1155. Daw, 1194. D'Awbeny, 33. Dawbney, 1150. Dawes, 388, 393, 542, 848, 850, 864, 865, 867-869, 881, 883, 894, 896, 899, 900, 902, 90o, 907, 917, 921,925, 937-939, 941- 943, 945, 947, 951, 960, 961, 966, 978, 980, 1001, 1003, 1007, 1147, 1196,. 1*02. Dawson, 1009, 1160, 1161. Day, 189, 423, 424, 432- 434, 961, 1158, 1174, 1175, 1l84, 1186, 119% ' 1205. Daye, 1174, 1175. Dave's Will quoted, 1175. Dayrell, 208. Deacon, 253, 1159. Dean of the Arches, 1138, 1201. Deane, 1162. Dean of Divinity at St. John's, Oxford, 431. Death, 189, 191, 269, 270, S75, 558, 822, 1192. Death's Will quoted, 375 Decern Librarian, 868, 918. Dechair, 1033. Declamations, 922, 926, 934. De Corduba, 819. De Dominis, 643, 880. De Duillier, 872, 902. Dee, 21,133,252 255,379, 412, 426, 529, 530, 550, 568, 634, 666, 675, 693, 884, 906, 961, 1041, 1165 1171, 1174-1176, 1190, 1200, 1210. Dee's MSS. quoted* 1174, 1175. Dee's Will quoted, 252. De Ferrars, 634, 1169. De Jussieu, 1093, 1102. De la Bourdonuais, 1 062. De la Chaumette, 1220. De la Douespe, 1210. De la Fountain, 958. Delamotte, xxvii. Dela Pole, xxv. Delaune,366, 379, 396,403, 404,410,411, 414, 423, 878, 879, 885, 889, 892, 893, 895, 896, 906, 907, 923, 942, 946, 954, 973, 994, 1042, 1200. De Lawar, xxvii. Delegates, 726. Delegates, Court of, 630. Delhi, 1114. DelitiaV Poetarum, 685. Dell, 676. Delia Torre, 879. De Lobel, 755. Del Passa, 886. De Lude, 955. Delves, 355, 359-362,.364, 374, 1154, 1199. Demagogues, 700. De Mayerne, 676. Demipho, 464. Democritus, 624. Demosthenes, 922. De Nala, 92. Denham, 55-57, 61, 77, 78, 80, 81, 756, 1189. Denmark, 27, 106, 614, 632, 656, 745, 769, 791, 875. Denning, 66, 445. Dennis, 454, 455, 513-516, 1144, 1211. Dennys, 196. Dentana bulblfera, 1084. De Ollva, 819. Deptlord,'322, 1199. Derby, 590, 66#. Derbyshire, 1167. Derham, 429, 435, 926, 1022, 1024, 1065,, 1101, 1206. Dering, 560, 561. De Rohan, 70.0.. Derry, 791. Desaguliers, 1057: De Sancto Martino, 687. Destruction of Jerusalem, 839. Dethicke, 605. Deus nobWcum, 790. Devereux Court, 1185. Devi Cotah, 1069, 1070. Devonshire., 615, 616, 890, 924, 948, 1059, 1167, 1176. DeVries, 842. Dewey, 1157. Dey, 1169, 1171, 1172, 1174-1176. Deye, 1174. Deye's Will quoted, 1174. Diagrams, 800. Dickens, 1161. Dickenson, 357, 809. Dickins, 509, 1214. Dickinson, 324, 1198. Didcutt, 1212. Diego, 343, 344. Dieper, 285, 1154. Digby, 699. Dillenius, 964, 995, 996, 1084. Dillingham, 1160. Dilly, 1079. Dilvin, 679. Dinely, 518. Dioclesian, 928. Dionysius, 327,909. Dionysius Halicarnassensis, 1071 Directory, 729. Disney, 450, 1103, 1124, 1144, 1210. Disputations, 922. Dissenters, 561, 617, 621, 780, 854-856, 891, 923, 951, 952,966, 997,1006, 1007, 1045. Dissenting Ministers, 952, 953, 966, 1045. Dissenting Ministry, 891. Dissertatio de Literatura, 875. Ditton, 1178. Dives and Lazarus, 992. Di"ine Authority, &c. of Scripture, 883," 900. Divine Grace, 1013. Divine Revelation, 940. Divines, 1078. Divinity Reader, 628. Divinity School, 577, 787. Dixe, 213. Dixon, 78, 82, 100, 114, 115,123,124,126,1193. Dobrte, xxiv, S40..1162. Dock-Head, 376. Docjors' Commons, 47, 420, 447, 524, 765,886,1176. Doctors' Day, 110. Dod, 188, 201, 202,11 92. Dodington, 55,. Dodone, 873. Dodsley, 465. Dodson, 384, 383, 524, 529, 1134,1146, 1156, 1216, 1217,1220. Dodwell, 859. Dodworth,. 105, 1150.. Donax, 462. Don Juan d'Aquila, 592. Donkyn, 1150. Donne, 106, 256, 1163* 1185. Don Quixote, 753, 795. Doomsday, 954,1067. Dorchester; 258. Dore, 677.- Dorias, 462. Dormer, 666. Domngton, 891,1016. Dorset, xxvi,34, 617, 764,, 898, 1010 Dort, 172, 191,647' Dorus, 462. Dorwiii, 183,1157,1192. Dove, 85, 168, l"9, 557, 559, 562, 566, 575, 590j 605, 606, 613,666,1150,. 1164, 1189,1190. Dovee, 1159. Dover, 786. Doves, xxvii. Dow, 147, 149, 155, 157, 158, 1.2, 170, 173-175, 180, 181, 183-185,215, 217. Doway, 627, 687. Doweling, 430, 1206. Dowe, 61, 90, 105, 113, 1.19, 123, 11 V>, 1163,. Ili4, 1189,1190. Down, 998, 999. Downer, 129, 137, 138, 141, 1191. Dowr.es, 423, 969. Downhall, 557, 790. Downhaiu, 707. Downing, 460, 461, 943, 1212. Downs, 428, 1205. Downshire, Marquis of, 7* Downs-Tew, 115. Doxologies, 1072. Drake, 443, 557,558,1159, 1209. Drake quoted, 975. Draper, 214, 855, 1153, 1154. Drapers' Company, xv. Draunte, 55. Dray cot, 607. Dravion, 558,1171. Dresden, 466. Diew, 1204. Dricscius, 54. Dring, 1156. Drogiieila, 1045,1046. Dromore, 1009. Drury, 1153. DruryrLanep.llig, . 1230 INDEX. Drusns, €61. Dry, 420, 428, 446, 1021, ♦1024, 1205. Dry don, 1036, 1127. Di:, 1174. Dublin, 073, 680, 790, 357, 869, 984, 998, 1000, 1009, 1010, 1029, 1033, 1039, 1046-1049, 1052, 1074, 1095. Dncey, 234. Duct, 223, 224, 350. Ducket, 1192. Duckworlb, xxviii, 541. Duckyngton, 2, 1150. Ducy, xxviii, 232, 1152. Dudley, xxvii, 550, 1154. Dugard, 159, 268-271, 276, 288, 289, 304-314, 318, 319, 323-329, 787, 797, 803, 1177, 1196. Dugard's Register quoted, 268, 270, 787-789, 797, 803, 1197. Dugard's Will quoted, 328. Dugdale quoted, 26, 150, 621, 639, 645. Dukeson, 341, 342, 356, 357, 363. Dulman, 465. DuMonlin,'656, 659. Dunbar, 625. Duncan, 443, 455, 1060, 1100, 1144, 1209. Duncomb, 1200. Duncombe, 979. Dungannoir, 711. Dunkirk, 759, 766. Dunmow, 137, 1176, 1189. Dnnmowe, 139. Dunn, 1198. Dunne, 341. Duns-lew, 1204. Dupleix, 1062,1081,1083, 1084, 1088. Durham, xxvi, xxvii, 37, 43, 169, 172, 556, 633, 644, 645, 677, 702, 805, 950. Dury, 743. Dutch, 1112-1114. Dutch Papists, 713. Dutch Soldiers, 1054!. Dye, 1175, 1176. Dyer, 1161. Eade, 1162. Ealdstreet, 805. Eames, 1056. Earls of the Merchant-Tay- lors' Company, xxv. East Barnet, 60. East Brent, 11 18, 1201. East Cheam, 810,1169. East Codford, 1196. East Dereham, 473. Easter, 557,989. Easter Sermons, 655, 865, 927, 1016. Eastern Tyrant, 1098. East Farndon, 393, 1203. East Ilarling, 473. East Horndon, 1190. East-India Company, 410, 1036, 1061, 1062, 1065, 1070, I08i; 1092, 1094, 1097, 1100, 1103-1107, 1111,1113, 1114,1139- 1141, 1145. East Indies, 1065, 1067. East-India Stock, 449. East Knoyle, 640. Eastmore, 473. Easton, 786. East-Peckham, 195, 196. East Smithnekt, Hamlet of, 375, 376. Eastwell, 623. Eburn, 1198. Ecclesiastical Affairs, 841. Ecclesiastical Censure, 690. Ecclesiastical Commissioner, 923. Ecclesiastical Constitution, 631, 690. Ecclesiastical History, 859. Ecclesiastical Laws, 973. Ecclesiastical Polity; 934. Echard, 869, 922, 934, 952, 1007. Echellensis, 801. Ecliptic, 872. Edinburgh, 843, 860, 903, 1119. Edis, 1220. Edisbury, 303. Edlin, 1197. Edmondson, 1158. Edmonson, 982. Edmonton, 239, 795, 1171, 1176. Edmunds, 257. Edward I. xvii, 1067. Edward III. Xiv, xvi, xix, xxv, 592, 393, 710. Edward IV. xviii, xxiv, xxv, 625. Edward V. 9. Edward VI. xxviii, xxix, 23, 25, 27, 37, 547, 5S0, 880, 968, 969, 1032. Edward, Prince of Wales, 862. Edwardes, 708, 722, 727, 728. Edwards, 1 91-193, 220,234- 23e, 238-240, 242,243, 251, 259, 260, 262, 266, 274, 275, 281, 284, 286, 294, 295, 297, 310, 323, 410, 411, 474, 489, 678, 766-768, 788, 801, 817, 827, 840, 877,889, 944, 1101, 1177, 1193, 1196- 1198. Effard, 1192. Effingham, 1172. Egerlon, 192, 586, 667, 668. Egypt, 8*7, 1144. Egyptian, 965, 1064, Ehret, 1063. Eld, 446. Eldon, xxviii. Eldred, 320, 1196,1197: Eldridge, 378. Election, 871. Election Paper, 494, 1030. Elector Palatine, 276, 277, 629, 630, 656, 685, 709, 710. Electrical Exp«rlments,1058. Electricity, 1057—1059, 1134. Electricity in vacuo, 1058. Eliot, 103. Elizabeth, Princess, 629, 685. Elizabeth, Queen of Eng- land, xviii, xxix, 5, 10, 2.5-27, 42, 47, 48, 64-66, 86, 87, 106, 110, 127- 129, 138, 142, 146, 192, 208, 267, 282, 329, 350, 407-410, 422, 461, 467, 477, 534, 536, 547, 549- 553, 556, 557, 566, 568, 570, 572, 576-582, 586, 587, 589-593, 596, 601, 602, 620, 623, 626, 628, 649, 654, 666, 677, 693, 863, 880, 1032, 1124, 1164, 1174, 1190. EHenborough, Lord, 507. Ellerker, 400,1158. Ellesmere, 668. Elliott, 194, 237, 238, 1153. Ellis, 88, 34S, 355, 359-362, 365, 514, 524, 525, 996, 1145, 1154, 1167, 1181, 1184, 1187, 1210, 1212, 1215, 1218, 1220. Ellwes, 1153. Ellys, 902. Elnor, 211, 238, 1152. Eltham, 322, 964. Elton, 211, 212, 1193. Elwes, 149, 157, 168,1151, 1209. Elwin, 1216. Ely, xxvi, 169,412, 463, 529, 556, 557, 619, 622, 632-634, 651, 654, 655, 657, 658, 660, 663, 668, 677, 681, 686, 692, 693, 695, 699, 702, 709, 740, 765, 771, 77*4, 781, 785, 798, 817, 894, 900, 974, 1165, 1167. Ely House, 686, 738, 798. Elye, 33, 553. Emanuel College, Cam- bridge, 238, 604, 649, 696, 982, 1201, 1204, 1215. Embers, 913. Embden, 11)6. Embley, 63. Emeriti Milites, 474, 489. Emley, 634. Emly, 1179, 1191. Emons, 901. Enfield, 142, 797. England, xxii, xxiii, xxiv, 158, 217, 240, 257, 291, 34' i, 393,465, 466,547- 549, 553, 570, 573, 582, 589,590,592, 593, 609, 614, 625-627, 630, 632, 650, 655, 656, 665, 669, 673, 674, 681, 685, 688, 692, 693, 706, 713, 721, 722, 731, 744-747, 751, 752, 757, 759, 761, 766, 769, 770, 778, 779, 781, 783, 791, 794, 80 ?, 804, 818, 819, 835, 843, 847, 859, 866, 874, 894, 898, 899, 902, 904, 924, 941, 945, 949, 952, 964, 980, 985-987, 996, 999, 1006, 1007, 1016, 1025, 1027, 1028, 1040, 1045, 1047- 1049, 1057-1059, 1066> 1078, 1079, 1087, 1091, 1093, 1112, 1114, 1136, 1137, 1141, 1164. English, 143-146, 873, 880, 881, 902, 910, 922, 926, 951, 952, 954, 960, 986, 1009, 1026, 1035, 1048, 1050, 1061, 1062, 1064, 1069, 1070, 1072, 1080- 1082, 1084, 1088-1091, 1094, 1097, 1098, 1103, 1105, 1106, 1108-1111, 1113, 1122, 1131, 1133, 1140, 1141, 1144, 1146, 1191. English Benedictines, 687. English Bible, 27, 190, 191, 607,758,774,875,1142. English Bishops, 590, 642, 645, 690, 700, 701, 7l£, 720, 737; 780, 843, 885, 888, 923; 939, 972, 1187. English Botany, 858,956. English Church, 563, 566. English Clergy, 910, 914j 915, 997, 1007. English Coins, 1024. English College, 626. English Communion, 1147. English Court, 570, 62S-, 684. English Divines, 691, 906, 970. 974, 1011, 1043. English Factory, 906, 962. English Interest, 985, 986. English Language, 74S. ' English Li berty, 1059, 1060. English Liturgy, 559, 607, 615, 616, 755, 781, 855, 875, 961, 968, 969, 990, 1043,1147. English Orator, 851. INDEX. 1231 English People, 583. English Plants, 745, 859, ' 996, 1084. English Protestant Working Schools, 1009, 1010,1033, 1048, 1074, 1095. English Saxons, 1136. English Stage, 673. English-Verse, 1218. Enthusiasts, 901. Enumeratio Stirpium Helve- tia;, 1054. Epicurean System, 624. Epigrams, 541, 685, 1042, 1135. Epilogue, 1131. Epiphanius, 838, 839. Episcopacy, 972, 974,1036. Episcopalians, 780, 781, • 826. Episcopal Ordination, 891. Epistles, 910, 922, 926. Epitomes, 910, 922. Epping, 168,202. Epsom, 928. Epula; Oxonienses, 795, Equitable Society, 1142. Erasmus, 564, 574, 575, 910, 961. Eipenius, 659,910. Eschars, 1084. Escrick, 153. Esdras, 959, 972, 1064. Esprit du Corps, xv. Essendon, 1024. Essentialist, 969. Essex, xxvi, 24, 41, 268, 274, 557, 539, 575i 607, 630, 682, 690, 717, 727, 777, 821, 1119. Established Church, 895, 1006, 1020. Eston Magna, 169j Estwick, 1033. Ethics, 922. Ethiopic, 827. Eton College and School, 22, 30, 113, 236, 396, 422,753,759,991,1061, 1072, 1076, 1077, 1162, 1175, 1177, 1211, Etymologicum Britannicum, 873. ' Etymologicum Grscura et Latinum, 875, Eu, xxvi. Eucharist, 837. Eucherius, 622. Euclid, 811, 875. Eugenia,' 343. Eunuch, 1130. Euphues, 649. Eure, xxviii. Euripides, 922. Europas Speculum, 665. Europe, 552, 574, 588, 827, 895, 938, 946, 1039, 1057, 105S, 1091, 1111, 1124. Europeans, 1070, 1081- 1084, 1086-1089, 1091, 1097, 1098, 1103, 1106, 1107, 1112-1114, 1140. European Magazine quoted, 1^53, 1078, 1079. Eusebius, 950. Eustachius, 910, 922. Evangelical Preachers, 784. Evans, 339, 394, 411, 905, 906, 1030, 1151, 1158, 11C0, 1202. Evelin, 1193. Evening Lecture, 1181. Evenly, 208. t Everard, 430, 624, 1095, 1207. Eves, 559. Evesham, 188. Evington, 129, 180, 1152, 1192. Ewer, 315, 1196. Examination of the School's Probation, 3 75. Examiner,. 1026. Excerpta, 910,922. Exchequer, 89, 700, 730, 892..1067. Exeter, xxvi, xx-vii, 1, 26, 27, 106, 202, 269, 438, 439, 615, 616, 621, 691, 694, 724, 803, 846, 870, 899, 910, 948, 952, 973, 979, 984, 985,1006,1013, 1036, 1037, 1041, 1065, 1126. Exeter College, Oxford, 188, 223, 232, 240, 625, 807, 1193, 1199, 1215. Expense of Education at Merchant-Taylors' School, 536. Experimental Philosophy, 1101. Expositor, 1043. Exton, 1195. Eyre, 1215. Eyton, 414, 507, 1147, 1220. Eyves, 1183. Ezekiel, 972. Ezra, 959, 972. Faber, 875. Pabian, 1155. Fagon,;858. Pairclougb, 257. Fairfax, 274, 277, 727,713. Paithful, 529, 1217. Falkland, 700. Palloiield, 1218. False Prophets, 992, 1000. Fanatics, 803. Farinelli, 466. Faringdcn, 109,737. Farmer, 274, 275, 280,281, 841. Farnborow, 891. Farnham, 892. Farahara Castle, 659. Farniugham, 1214. Farraine, 465, 475, 1212. Farrington, 1202. Fasciculus Preceptor am Lo- gioorum, 910. Fast Days, 526. Fasti Consulares, 874. Fathers of the Church, 875; Fatio, 872, 902. Faucet, 61. Faustina, 466. Fawley, 607, 670. Fayting, 434-436,452,453, 468, 487, 502, 1116, 1144, 1180, 1184, 1186, 1206. Fearn, 1167. Feary, 1160. Feasting, 1044. Feasts of England, xxii. Featley, 257,258. Feeke, 1195. Fell, 221; 279, 289, 810, 811, 838, 840, 873, 989. Fellow Commoners, 931. Felstead School, 1180. Felton, 168, 169, *58, 634, £55, 663. Fenchurch-Street, 887. Fenner, 558. Fenton, 189, 557. Fenwick, 823, 1158. Feriae Poeticas, 1098. Fermyn, 124, 126. Fernilius, 588. Ferrers, xxvii, xxviii. Fersefield, 473. Fescennino, 965. Feyargue, 1167. Feversham, 856. Ffawcett, 1190. Ffeal, 1198. Ffel, 1183, 1185; Ffelton, 126. Ffermyn,. 125, 127. Fferne, 1199. Fferrand, 283. Ffield, 378. Ffilkins, 1194. Ffletcher, 137, 138; Ffletewood, 2, 1149. Pfoster, 1199. Ffoy, 216, 217, 219. Fframpton, 361. Ffreshe Wharfe, 415. Ffrethorne, 1195. Ffysshe, 47, 66, 67, 72, 182, 183, 193, 245, 246, 252, 299, 376, 377, 406; 407, 424, 443, 472, 476, 477, 512-514, 1150. Field, 287, 557, 558, 573, 1162. Field-Lane, 198. Field-Marshal of England, Filkins, 181. Fincli, 195, 1?6, 454, 455, 462, 464, 465, 471, 486 *91, 506, 511, 623, 889 1144, 1211-1213, 1219. Fincham, 1169. 'Finehley, 582. Finden, 635. Finsbury, xxi. Fire of London, 346, 352, 372,, S28, 756, 794, 799, 822, 851, 862, 863, 995,. 1004, 1182. Firinin, 66. First Underniasters, 1179- 1181. Fish, 513, 514. Fisher, 631, 1166, 1167, . 1192, 1201. Fitchatt, 462, 464, 465,. 1212. Fitz-Geffrey, 592. Fiteherbert, 356, 357, 1173, 1199. Fitz-Hugh, xxvii, 200, 201. Fitzhughes, 1158. Fitzosborne quoted, 1136. Fitzroy, Lord Charles, 537. Fitz-Walter, xxvii. Fitz-Williams, 67. Flamstead, 827, 872. Flanders; 729, 871, 879, 955. Fleet, 855, 1015. Fleetmarson, 136. Fleetmarston, 590. Fleet-Street, 196, 425, 639,. 729, 792. Fleetwood, 5, 8, 9, 35, 37,. 41,772, 1035. Fletcher, 135, 141, 343, 499, 558, 7C4..899, 1191,. 1213,1218. Floode, 1185. Flora, 745. Flora Anglica, 1040. Flora Gissensis, 996. Florence, xvi, 862, 1054. Florio, 880. Flower, 1161. Flowerdew, 1170. Floyd, 1045. Floyde, 242, 243, 248. Flud, 667. Fludd, 1185. Focalia, 664. Fogg, 411, 1204. Folks, 1057. Folkston, 786. Fontenelle, 934. Fooid, 1180. Forbes, 502, 508, 514, 904,. 1214, 1219. Forbonius,. 649. Forcer, 395, 1203. Ford, 527, 1112, 1113,. 1161. Forder, 355. , Foreign Potentates of the-- Merchant-Taylors' Com- pany, XJ.V. 1232 INDEX. Forman, 419, 1159. Forms of Prayer, 959 Forster, 1092. Fort St. David's, 1062,1065, . 1067-10G9,. 1081, 1087, 1094, 1097. Fort St. George, 1081. Fort William, 109S, 1099. Foster, 355,359, 361,362, 36+, 666, 667, 3156, 1159. Fotherby, 255. Foukes, 1203. Fonlden, 473. Foulkes, 1024. Founders, 758, 775. Founder's Kin, 1043, 1101 , 1198,1204,1217. Foundling Hospital, 1134. Foundress, 913. Four Northern Circars,1112. Fowell, 1)70. Fowler, 187,316,423,1205. Fox, xix, 564, 568, 573, 576, 577, 623, 636, 1158, 1190. Fox quoted, 27, 6:15. Foxley, 462, 465, 1212. Frampton,- 1 156. France, xxiv, 109, 110, 219, 223, 257, 549, 568, 573, 609, 677, 777, 778, 802, 815, 816, 839, 847, 859, 866, 875, 879, 881, 895, •924, 963, 976, 989, 1069, 1093, 1115, 112), 1131, 1133, 114.4. Francis, 1153. Francis M. 549. Fiancklin, 559. Francklyn, 1153, 1154. Francs, 873. Frank, 519,785,1144,1215, 1220. Frankfort, 23, 24. Franklin, 1057, 1058, 1152. Fransham, 1095, 1204. Frederick,' 232. Frederick II. 879. Frederick V 629, 656. Frederick, Prince of Wales, 1122. Free, 506, 509, 514-516, 524, 1213, 1214, 1219. Freedom of the City solicit- ed by Dugard, 288. Freedom of the. Company presented to Crosbie, 1183. Freeman, 508, 514-516, 970, 1211, 12lifrl219. Free School, 412. Freethinker, 1052. Freezing of Water, 1 096. Freman, 360, 1200. French, 875, 917,922, 925, 926, 963, 1016, 1059, 1062, 1063, 1067, 1069, 1080, 1082, 1083, 1086- 1091, 1093, 1094, 1105) 1109, 1111, 1118, 1116, 1121, 1125,1131,1143. French Church, 1115. French Congregation, 683. French Court, 582. French Enthusiasts, 900. French Episcopal Church, 1115. French King, 989. French Language, 589, 695. French Papists, 713. French Prophets, 901. French Protestant^ 1132. Freshman's Term", 916. Fresh Water Volypes, 1085. Freston, 1157. Friar, 144, 145, 147. Friday-Street, 644. Friers' Grange, 1176. Frisius, 103. Frith, 524, 529, 1212,1217, 1219. Frome, 1207. Frbumound, 1169. Fry, 468,471,1101, 1128. Fryer, 129. Fulham, 702, 1079. Fulke, 576. Fuller, 74, 85, 142, 1161. Fuller quoted, xvi, 4,42, 74, 86, 169, 557, 565, 633, 648, 655, 664, 666. Fullerton, 450, 1210. Funeral Sermons, 1015. Fungus, 1054. Fumeaux Pelham, 1043, 1204. Furnival, xxvii. Fyfield. 887,1041,1064. Fyrmin, 1190. Gadmunton, 795. Gaitskell, 1145, 1146,1188, 1213. Gale, 874, 1154. Galeasius, xvi. Galen, 588. Gallreus, 827. Gallienus, 928. Galloway, 622. Galmeton, 1059. Gamaliel, 852. Ganges, 1105. Gangrsena, 766. Gapp, 1213. ' Garcin, 1063. Gardener's Dictionary, 1120. Gardening, 1031. Garderick, 558. Gardestend, 1009. Gardiner, 55, 56, 64, 263, 388, 443, 896, 1154, 1202, 1209. Gardner, 508, 510, 555, 844, 1187, 1188, 1214, 1220. Garford, 273, 275, 276, 1196. Gargantua, 796. Garlick, 1159. Garrard, 42,1. Garrett, 55, 375, 376. Garrick, 463, 506, 1120, 1137, 1138. Garrison at Zante, 1217. Garry,. 1220. Garter, xxiii, 575. 592, 605, 606, 628, 664, 677, 709, 764, 973, 974, 1136. Gascoyne, 87. Gascovne quoted, 551. Gaskell, 1061. Gataker, 328. Gatcombe, 1171, 1172. Gatesbury, 87, 88. Gatton, 1080, 1129, 1203. Gaunt, 881. Gay, 211, 1152. Gayiaud, xviii. Gayton, 225, 226, 233, 687, 725, 753, 776, 795> 796, 1194. Geaster, 1054. Geekie, 446. Geery, 679. Geeve, 486, 1162. Gelenius, 839. Gell, 310, 317. Gellibrand, 572, 573. Gelsthropp, 1153. Genealogical Account of Families derived from Bedo Dee, 1165-1176. Genealogicon Latinum, 851. Genealogies, 1145. Genealpgies to the Bible, 697. General Assembly, 903. General Pardon and Obli- vion, 776. Genesis, It 85, 1093. Geneva, 867, 877, 879, 1059. Genliles, 1017, 1018. Gentilis, 54. Gentleman's Magazine quo- ted, 22, 88, 610, 660, 899, 1027, 1064, 1093, 1096, 1134 1137, 1176. Gentleman of his Majesty's Privy Chamber, 1157. Gentleman Sewer, 1169. Gentoo, 1106. Geometry Professor, 1209. George, 709, 735, 1136, 1161, 1215. George I. 842, 941-944, 946, 947, 951, 959, 960, 962, 965, 971, 973, 978, 983-986, 992, 1037. George II. 643, 992, 993, 995, 1009, 1010, 1017, 1044, 1052, 1055, 1060, 1067, 1079, 1094, 1095, 1099, 1100, 1116-1118, 1122 1124. George 'ill. 467, 478, 489, 1124-1127, 1131. George, Prince of Denmark, *xv, 846, 893, 902, 1016. G eorge, Prince Kegent, 540 . George, Prince of Wales, 941, 946, 1116-1118. Georgia, 1074. Gerard, 745 German, 743,960,1055. Germany, 23-25, 37, 106, 142, 150^466, 568, 573, 687, 839, 866, 894, 895, 1006. Gervase, 1159. Gesner,' 1084. Gestmgthorp, 185. Geta, 464. Gething, 1155. Ghost, 1133. Gibbon, 1199. Gibbons, 350, 378, 43J , 432, 809,993, 1199, 1220. Gibbons's Will quoted, 431. Gibbs, 428, 963, 1205. Gibraltar, 895, 1209. Gibson, 944, 987, 1022, 1051, 1 1 83, 1193. Gidding, 989. Giffawi, 149, 1204. Giffbrd, 229, 557, 673. Gilbert, 428, 593, 973, 984, 985, 990, 1036, 1054, 1067, 110"2, 1126, 1172, 1179, 1185, 1205. Gilchrist, 88, 673. Giles, 401. Gillingham Major, 825,870. Gillman, 187, 394,404,428, 1202. Gilman, 429, 436, 960, 962, 1041, 1183, 1204. Gilmore, 1202. Gilpin, 1163. Gines, 1160, 1161. Ginis, 468. Gisbie, 274, 280. Gisby, 227, 229, 262, 266, 275, 281, 284, 286, 294, 295, 297, 726-728, 1194. Gisbye, 260. Gittins, 60, 61, 82, 93, J00, 114, 115. Gitton, 78. Giving, 253. Glasgow, 621, 622, 903, 1186. Glass, 1058, 1161. Gleanings, 1101. Glin, 1192. Glinne, 1193. Glossaria GrajcoLatina, &c. 876. Gloucester, xxv, 23, 103, 153, 190, 232, 6:28, 629, 650, 763, 887, 916, 944, 965, 972, 995, 1004, 1051, 1053, 1094, 1095. Gloucester-Green, 620. Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 256, 553. Gloucestershire, 54,1176. Glover, 53-55, 59, 60,63,^4. INDEX. 1233 Gluckstadt, 732. Glyii, 189,721,1187. Glynn, 188, 190. Gnatho, 462, 1131. Goad, 75, 80, 130, 208, 230, 233, 235, 280, 281, 284, 286, 293-297, 299, 329, 339, 341, 346, 347, 349, 352, 360, 369-371, 373, 374, 379-381, 387, 431, 463, 687, 711,719, 722, 728, 729, 774, 780, 812, 813, 824, 833, 851-854, 921, 1177, 1194. Goare, 99,1151. God, 2, 10,35, 1149, 1174. Godeston, 473. Godfrey, 819, 820. Godolphin, 901, 991. Godsalve, 1169. Godschalk, 172. Godshalckoor, xxviii. Godstow Nunnery, 1086. God's Vicegerent, 1016. Godwin, 628, 631, 1035. Godwin quoted, 23, 113. Godwyn, 727. Gold Coast, 1133. Golden Election, 849. Goldsmith, 236, 747, 756, 1194. Goldsmiths' Company, rv, 979. Golius, 800, 801, 869. Golty, 1204. GomberviUe, 963. Gonson, 1154. Gonston, 1019. Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, 1210, 1216. Goodall quoted, 661. Goodday, 1154, 1155. Good Friday Sermons, 655. Goodman, 28, 38, 40, 61, 105, 119, 126, 129, 131, 134, 137, 143, 144, 554, 591, 650. Goodman's Fields, 1126. Goodwin, 314, 680, 695, 1185, 1203. Goodyer, 745. Gore, xxviii, 2, 10, 137, 149, 150, 155, 157, 168, 185, 1 90,2 i 9, 1000, 1008, 1 149, 1151, 1152, 1154, 1192. Gorges, 302,316. Goring, 727. Gosling, 1205. Gospel Ministers, 1016. Gospel Preachers, 784. Gospels, 627, 628. Gothick Church, 1081. Gothick Romance, 552. Goths, 540, 873. Gott, 1194. Gotfenburgh, 751. Goude, 667. Gouge, 180, 182, 185, 195, 196, 198, 213, 214, 1194. Gough, 28, 39, 346, 790, 1086, 1093, 1181. Gould, 1160, 1162. Gould-Lane, 198. Gower, 911. Gowrie's Conspiracy Ser- mons, 655. Grabe, 959. Grace, 1218. Gracechnrch-Streef, 346. Graevius, 827, 842, 859. Grafton, xxv, 815. Graham, 544, 741, 754, 1201. Graminatices Latins Com- pendium, 1182. Grand Jury, 379, 646, 684, 940, 1051,1052. Grandmaster, 973. Granger, 465. Grant, 59, 60, 126, 135-137, 140. Grantham, 75. Granville, 1208. Gravelines, 955, 953. Gravesend, 751- Gravesende, 554. Gray, - 221-223, 225-227, 229-236, 248, 353, 747, 1057, 1153, 1177. Graye, 1183,1185. Gray's Inn, 236, 412, 474, 489, 518, 642, 673, 747, 969,1121,1185. Great Act, 1198. Greatbach, 317,1197. Great Bloxsitch, 415-418. Great Bookham, 928. Great Britain, 756, 791, 838, 847, 862, 902, 924, 961, 982, 1000, 1069, 1118. Great Coxwell, 1064. Great Hallingbury, 1176. Great Meerly, 25. Great Missenden, 9, Great Mogul, 1112, 1114, 1139, 1140. Great Seal, 735, 750, 752, 754, 760, 768, 770, 772, 800; 854. Great Walsall, 417. Grecian, 877. Greece, 368, 949, 1145. Greek, 811, 818, 838, 881, 897, 872-876, 910, 911, 916, 922, 926, 934, 940, 950, 1003, 1064, 1121, 1122, 1127, 1130. Greek Antiquities, 1032. Greek Churches, 689. Greek Classicks, 564, 584. Greek Fathers, 190, 877. Greek Language, 695, 742, 797, 800. Greek Lecturer, 738. Greek MSS. 862. Greek Muscovite Church, 1122. 7 Greek Orations, 125, 126, 137, 145, 191, 193, 201, 203, 208, 209, 212, 541, 61,0. Greek Professor, 54. Greek Reader, 26, "3,564, 578, 610. Greek Scholars, 47*, 490, 492, 632. Greek Testament, 166, 910, 922, 1127. Green, 384, 430, 493, 455, 496, 500, 501, 507, 509, 510, 557,650, 820, 1055, 1072, 1086, 1178, 1180, 1184, 1186, 1207, 1210, 1213. Greene, 229, 230, 259, 1 194. Greenehill, 254. Greenewell, 145, 190, 1152, 1153. Greenhill, 1157,1171,1174, 1176. Greenwich, 322, 614, 630, 656, 942, 973, 1017, 1059, 1064. Greenwich Hospital, 902, 1015, 1016. Greenwood, 581. Gregg, 460, 1212. Gregory, 341, 394, 860, 871, 1201, 1202. Gregory XIV. 643. Gregory the Great, 1136. Gregson, 1156, 1157. Grenada, 541. Gresham, 376, 585. Gresham College, 569, 586, 588, 610-612, 638, 662, 879, 880, 898, 902, 924, 1080,1208, 1209, 1211. Gresham Committee, 1080. Gresham Professor, 1208, 1211. Gressingham-Lane, xvii. Grevill, 857. Grey, xxtii, 374,681,1156. Grice, 148, 1153, 1195. Griffenhoofe, 1211. Griffin, 491, 1213. Griffith, 169,255-258,805, "1195. Griffiths, 1214. Grigg, 239,1153. Grigman, 426-428, 1041, 1167. Grime, 741. Grimston,-269, 569. Grindall, 23, 24, 26, 350, 553,555,1174. Grinwin, 1158. Grocers' Company, 1022, 1205. Gronovius, 827, 873. Groome, 127-130, 1191. Grose, 521, 523-525. Grosvenor Chapel, 1119- Grotius, 236,659,747,756, 922, 1013. Grove, 557, 820, 823, 1015, 1172. Grove-Place, 729. Grove of Plassey, 1106- 1109. Grub-Street, 1042. Grundesburgh, 826. Grymes, 1170. Guadaloupe, 1084. Gualter, 54. Guernsey, 645, 760, 903. Guest, 344, 808, 1198. Guildford, 903, 1051, 1052. Guildhall, xxiii. 9. Guildhall Chapel, 978, 995, 1015. Guilds of London, xiii, xvii. Guise, 109, 873. Gulston, 786. Gunning, 817. Gunpowder Treason, 626, 655. Gunston, 1205. Gunsione, 958. Gustavus Adolphus, 709. Gutch quoted, 38, 39, 43, 47, 53, 60, 63, 67, 136, 186, 199, 238, 242, 314, 315,471,668, 1164. Gwin, 55, 56, 117, 173. Gwinne, 638, 661, 662. Gwynn, 1194. Gwynne, 85, 94, 100, 118- 123, 137, 145, 174, 202, 203, 205, 570, 574, 578, 580, 582, 584, 586-588, 593,608-612,1189. Gyles, 1161, 1203. Gyttons, 1190. Habeas Corpus, 663, 699. Haberdashers' Company, 251, 1021. Habram, 67. Hacker, 733. Hacket, 671, 672, 1190. Hacket quoted, 641. Hackney, 7, 803, 857, 1009, 1007, 1115. Hackney Church, 5. Hadham Magna, 26. Hadleigh, 26, 76. Had ley, 208, 239. Hague, 843. Haile, 1149. Haine, 1196. Hale, 1172. Halehabad, 1140. Hales, 236. Halford, 736, 1203. Hall, 208, 287, 326, 358, 364, 465, 472, 558, 649, 694, 789, 816, 855, 860, 884, 885, 905, 910, 950, 1155, 1196, 1205, 1207, 1212, 1220. Hallam, 359. 361, 365, 1155. Halle, 1102. Haller, 1054. 1<234 INDEX. Hallett, 1154. Halley, 801,827. Ilalliday, xxviii. Hallows, 1033. Halse, 33. Halsted, 1095. Halton, 391, 889, 1156. Ham, 1183. Hamburg, 466, 752, 1055. Hamilton, 623. Hammond, 926, 934. Haraon, 255. Hamond, 559,1192. Hamor, 184, 185, 190, 1152. Hampden, 699- Hampshire, 23, 558, 635, 636, 821: Hampson, 105, 112, 113, 119, 121,123,535, 1151, 1154, 1217. Hampstead, 431. Hampton, 244, 423, 1030, 1031, 1205. Hampton-Court, 344, 606, 607, 614, 617, 669. Hanborough, 994, 1025, 1202,1213. Ilauburg, 1163. Hanbury, 1025,1152. Hancock, 558. Hand-Alley, 890. Handel, 1135. Handidey, 087, 1196. Hands, 339. Hankelow, 354. Hannington, 1063. Hanover, 908, 941, 946, 955, 959, 960, 992,1055, ' 1203. Hanoverians, 948. Hanse Towns, 106. Hansley, 27'i. Harbin, 442, 444., 1160, 1208, 1209. Harcourt, 1086. Harding, 257, 360, 729, 1200. Hardinge, 256, U9.5. Hardy, 805, 1214. Hare, 1005. Harecourt, 1194. Hareden, 416. Harefield, 1084. Harford, 374. Hargreaves, 1167. Harland, 124,125. Harleian Journal, 970. Harleian MSS. quoted, xviii, 88, 897. Harles, 1149. Harleston, 136. Harley, 901. Harman, 27. Harper, xxviii,. 2, 4, 5, 10, 25, 29, 1 149. Harrice, 1191. Harrington, xxvii. Harriott, 1209. Harris, 33, 57, 170, 185, 186, -326, 394,. 535, 558, 1159, 1189, 1198, 1203, 1217. Harrison, 40,183,187,198, 242, 243, 246, 374, 666, 868, 1151, 1152, 1189, 1192,1206. Hartcliffe, 381, 383-387, 842, 848,1178. Hart Hall, Oxford, 223,750, 767, 768, 957, 963, 964, 1192. Hartington, 890. Hartley, 506, 1213. Hartlip, 1217. Hartnell, 540, 1163. Hartwell, 125. Harvey, 188, 316, 356, 357, 568, 569, 935, 1156, 1161, 1192, 1195, 1200, 1218. Harwood corrected, 818. Haseley, 764. Hassell, 1159, 1160. Hassclquist, 949. Hasted quoted, 1175. Hastings, xxvii, 1201. Hatchet, 1157. Hatlierill, 502. Hatt, 1219. Hatton, 77, 80, 109, 400, 575. Hatton Garden, 314, 386. Hatton House, 80. Haughton, 419. Havant, 1116. Havcrcamp, 839. Hawes, 105, 113, 119, 123, 481, 1150, 1151, 1200, 1219. Hawkes, 214, «26, 227, 1194. HawkewOod, xvi. Hawkins, 191, 466, 541, 54,3, 848, 1147, 1153, 1217, 1218. Hawkins quoted, 466. Hay, xxviii, 437, 455, 1074, 1080, 1096, 1103, 1126, 1138,1146, 1207,1208. Hay-house, 480. Hayes, 1216. Hayne, 130-138, 146-148, 170, 171, 179, 181, 182, 184, 185, 214-216, 218, 220-226, 231, 232, 236, 239,252,360,375,1177, 1179, 1182, 1189, 1192, 1194. Hayter, 1086. Hay ward,394,521-525, 528, 1163. Haywood, 394, 404,410,411, 414, 426, 427, 953, 957- 959, 965, 972, 1024, 1063, 1064, 1202, 1203. Headley, 908, 916, 917, 922, 927, 929,970,1128. Head-Masters, 1177, 1178. Head Scholars, 1189-1218. Hearing, 881. Hearne, 957, 994, 1030, 1064,1152. Hearne quoted, 1180. Heath, 372, 375, 376, 795, 1179,1198,1200. Heathens, 1033. Heather, 1152. Heaton, 745. Heavylree, 223. Hebrew, 797,848, 911, 916, 1064,1072, 1124, 1130, 1142. Hebrew Psalter, 875, 876, 909, 922, 934. Hebrus, 935. Hecuba, 465. Hedgeley-Btilstrode, 639. Hedges, 884. Hedgley, 667. Hedingham Sible, 40. Hegio, 464. Heidelberg, 642, 862. Heifield, 229,1194. Heighfield, 1194. Heinsius, 827. Hemlock, 1054,1063. Hemlock Dropwort, 1116. Hemming, 510, 514, 1214, 1220. Hempstead Marshal, 150. Hetnyoke, 1211. Henbury, 995. Henchman, 790, -807. Hendley, 1150. Hendre, 1182, 1185. Heneage, 1«8, 1172, 1 173. Henege, 623. Henley, 101, 1159. Henna, 1-0(53. Henrietta-Maria, Queen, 673, 674, 684, 686, 701, 802. Henry quoted, 11. Henry IV. xvi, xxtii, xxv, 135. Henry IV. of Prance, 425, 710. Henry V. xxiv, xxv, 223. Henry VT. xxiv, xxv, 223, 556, 681. Henry VII. xviii, xix, xxii- xxv, 9, 27, V79, 913, 990. Henry VII.'s Chapel, 629. Henry VIII. xviii, xxi, 9, 23, 32, 345, 547, 560, 670, 736,906,974,1169. Henry, Prince of Wales, xxii, xxiv, xxv, 172. 188, 232, 608. 609,611, 629, 662. Henrye, 1182, 1185. Henshaw, 155, 180, 204, - 922,1151,1165. Henshawe, 125. Herald at Arms, 862. Heraldry, 1145. Heralds, 787,798. Heralds' Office, 10, 742, 1120. Herald's Visitation quoted, 1171. Herbalist, 757. Herbarium, 949, 995. Herbert, xxvii, 710, 733, 793. Herbert quoted, 438,736. Hereford, xxvi, 190, 553, 592,614, 628, 670,672, 676, 679, 703, 738, 777, 780, 821,1053, 1192. Herefordshire, 1176. Heres, 625. Hereticks, 705, 957, 1074. Herman, 559, 858, 877. Hermophus, 790. Heme, 1154. Hero and Leander, 881, 1003, 1072. Herod, 1011-1013. Herodias, 1011,1013. Herring, 1160, 1192. Hertford, 557, 682, 767, 1033 Hertfordshire, 26, 1017. Heston, 1200. Heth, 568. Hethe, 85, 1189. Heton, 1038, 1150. Heveningham, 663. Hewil, 755, 760-763, 765» 766,779. Hewson, 796. Heyborne, 88, 444, 1210. Heyes, 172. Hey field, 229. Heygate, 1158, 1163. Heyley, If 9, 121, 1151. Heylin, 153. Heylin quoted, 153, 681» 682, 684, 700. Heylyn, 854. Heyrick, 753, 777, 799. Heywood, 251. Hickes, 873, 905, 959, 969. Hicks's Hall, 1032. Hide, 118,1191. Hierarchy, 690, 1004. Hierocles, 911, 922. Higbed, 557. Higgynson, 370, 1179. Higham, 1175. Higham Benfield, 1064. High Commission Court, 577» 637, 683. High Court of Justice, 735, 760. HighHalding, 1205. High Laver, 1206. . High Life below Stairs,1119i High Steward, 823. High-Street, Oxford, 787. High Wind, 1203. Highwood, 1172. Highwycomb, 670. Hilbtfrgh, '473. Hill, 91,179, 180, 182,186, INDEX, 1235 SiT. 558, 683, 6S4, 685, 820, 901, 1159, 1190, 1200. Hill's Will quoted, 93. Hillingdon, 213. Hirfc, 2, 10, 23, 29, 30. 36, 37, 41, 47,7*,. 89, 92, 93, 109, 179,1149. Hillsborough, 7. Huiekes, 1171. Hindoo Empire, 1112, Hindoos, 1107. Hindostan, 1082, 1094, 1097,1114. Hinton, 828. 1158. Hippocrates, 588. Hipsicles, 811. Hirst, 1220. Historiographer Royal, 1122. History of Plants, 859. Histrio Maslix, 674 Hitchcock, 444, 455, 1141, 1145, 1209. Hitcliins, 258, 728, 1195. Hoadiey, 890, 891, 951, 952, 1032, 1044, 1059; Hobbes, 774, 922. Hobblethome, xxviii. Hobye, 649. Hccbatet, 895t. Hodges, 328, 362, 1194, 1217. Hod gk ins, 118. Hodgson, 41. Hodson, 1150. Holborn, 686, 789. Holbrooke, 137, 138, 143- 146, 1191- Holdenby, 77. Holder, 5S9, 760, 1158. Holding, 1160. Beldsworth. 394, 776, 991, . 1129, 1203. Holey, 381. Holgate, 1197. Holidaie, 1151. Ilolinshed, 6. Holland, xv, 205, 625, 66T, 683, 692, 709, 711, 747, 775, 8U0, 801, 804, 827, 839, 843, 861, 869, 871, 875, 887,965, 1193, 1208. Hollar, 756, 1072. Hollingswurth, 512, 1215. Hollingwoilb, 1154. Hollis, 714-718, 721, 775. Hollister, 1159,1160. Holloway, 1152, 1192. Hollway, 1127. Holly Tree, 1092. Holme, xviii, 76, 1169. Holmeade, 125,180, 1152. Hoboes, 410, 424, 962,995, JH08, 1023, 1037, 1041, 1065, 1204. Holsatia, 827. Holt, 1155. Holwell quoted, 1099. Holwey, 395, 396. Holy Communion, 882, 1044. Holy Eucharist, 930. Holy Ghost, 991. Holyok, 236. Holy Orders, 868, 1025. Holy Rood Church, South- ampton, 905. Holy Sacrament, 925, 928. Holy Scriptures, xxx, 626, 627, 631, 688, 733, 711, 774, 857, 858, 864, 875, 891, 900, 910, 920, 921, 927, 953, 1006, 1016, 1018, 1031, 1038, 1064, 1142, 1182. Holy Table, 925. " Holy Trinity, Waterford, 679. Holywell. 881, 946. Home Christenings, 1075. Homer, 460, 793. Homer in a Nutshell, 1026. Homilies, 615, 616, 1063. Honey wood, 769, 1161. ' 775, 783, 790, 794, 799, 820, 821, 823, 850, 892, 906, 907, 924, 942) 962, 965, 966, 968, 994, 1095, 1135. House of Lords, 212, 213, 503, 648, 699, 700, 707, 709, 712, 714, 719-721, 723, 730, 760, 775, 783, 794, 821, 823, 850, 856, 884, 894, 902, 906, 907, 917,924,938, 939, 942> 946-948, 951, 962, 966, 967, 979, 1052, 1126. Howard, 473, 474, 482, 630, 819, 823, 1218. Howe, 712, 744, 745, 755, 757, 1007. Howe quoted, 629. Howel, 33- Howell, 867,922. Howes, 473. Howes quoted, 606, 614. Howlartd, 666. Hoxton, xxi. Honiwood, 355, 359-361, Hoy, 369, 881, 949, 999, 1154. Hooker, 109,126,564,568, , 583,631,934,1157,1195. Hooper, 921, 990, 1159. Hope, 941. Hopkins, 336, 863, 807, 825,847, 850, 857, 1168. Hoplocrisma Spongus, 667. Hopton, 70, 582. Horace, 460, 1022, 1023, 1061. Horden, 1164. Horn, 38. Home, 24, 37, 39, 40, 236, 1209. Horseley, 677. Horseshoe-Alley, 346. 1200. Hubbersted, 1176. Hubberthorp, xiv. Hubbock, 434, 1207. Huchenson, 643, 1189, 1190. Huchinson, 43, 61, 72, 89, 101, 105, 112, 114, 116, 119, 124-126, 129, 614. Hudson, 148, 203, 209, 212, 950, 1040, 1191, 1193. Huct, 816. Huet quoted, 816. HugeJey, 639. Hughes, 758, 926, 1208. Hughs, 558. Hughson, 1195. Hull, 720. Horsford, 476, 1145, 1188, Hulson, 37,41,1150,1151. 1212, 1220. Horslydown, Southwark, 1202. Horton, xitr. Hoskins, 143, 186, 1152. Boskyns, 1150. Hospital of Lovers, 686, 790. Hothersall, 1152. Houblon, 1176. Hough, 317, 641, 844, 845, 849, 944, 946, 1018, 1197. Hougham, 786. Houghton, 680. Houghton Conquest, 192. Houghton Magna, 887. Hounsom, 528, 1162. House of Commons, 212, 258,271,503, 640, 641, 647, 648, 663, 699, 703, 704, 707, 709, 712-715, 717-721, 723, 725, 727, 730, 731, 735, 740, 742, 743, 749-752, 759, 772- Hurst, 803, 7s 2 Human Learning, 1073 Human Life, 963. Human Understanding,! 129. Humbardston, 302. Humfrey, 554, 638. Humphrey quoted, 1180. Hundsdon, xxviii. Hunsdon House, 765. Hunlocke, 1150. Hunt, 378, 635, 637, 638, 1007,1189. Hunter, xxviii, 540, 1163, 1220. Huntingdon, xxvi, 153, 208, 449, 564, 776, 790, 799, 856, 872, 874, 889, 946, 1015. Huntingdonshire, 1167. Hiintingford, xxx. Huntington, 796. Hunton, 109, 111. Kurd's Dialogues quoted, 552. Hurlotbrumbo, 1135. Hus, 574. Huson, 1216. Hussites, 574. Hustings, 30. Hutchenson, 53, 60, 63, 64, 100, 115, 123, 124, 135- 137, 139, 140, 143, 145, 147, 181. Hutchins, 128, 524, 539, 1216. Hutchins quoted, 898' Hutchinson, 70, 462, 474. 489, 1163, 1192> 1212v 1219. Hutchinson quoted, 1065. Hutton, 85, 225, 226, 555, 556, 615, 616, 694, 695, 1190,1194. Huxham, 1102. Hyde, 699, 769, 771, 778, 806, 872, 888, 1151. Hydrocephalus interntu, 1101. Hyfeild, 687. Hythe, 1209. Jackson, 1S8-13Q, 203, 204, 210, 419v 428, 430, 558. 563, 631, 657, 936, 937, 971, 1036V 1159, 1191. 1204, 1206. Jacob, 1150. Jacobites, 948. Jacobitical Principles, 1123. Jacomb, 775. Jamaica, 866, 867, 949, 999. James, 33, 190, 342, 494, 1152, 1198, 1206, 1211. 1213. James I. xxii, 87, 130, 146, 168, 171, 172, 188, 191. 192,195, 202, 212, 232, 257, 267, 342, 465, 587, 595,596, 601, 605, 606, 608-610, 612, 614, 618, 619, 621, 622, 624-633, 639-641, 643, 644. 646, 647, 650, 654-656, 659, 662, 665, 667, 668, 676, 719, 755, 756, 769, 816, 863. James II. xxv, 384, 3185, 388, 389, 391, 671, 806, 831, 834, 835, 837, 841, 843, 844-847, 870, 885- 888, 908, 959. Jane, 855,889. Jarfield,118, 125-127,1191. Jarrett, 222. " Jarvis, 1163. Ibstock, 153, 1192. Icon Basilike, 307, 702.. Llell, 263, 1154. Idolatry, 871. „ JefFeries, 889, 831, 832, 834. Jen's, 460, 462-464, 1130. Jenkin, 343, 11.55. 1236 INDEX. Jenkins, 256, 982, 1160, 1195. Jenk'mson, 185, 190, 249, 281,1152. Jenuens, 390, 1202. Jennings, xxviii, 281, 286, 295, 342, 728, 1017, 1198. Jerard, 1196. Jeremiah, 950. Jermyn, 856. Jerrard,285, 293,298,1154. Jersey, 645, 760, 859. Jerusalem, 956, 957. Jervis, 939. Jesser, 1161. Jeston, 1155. Jesuits, 33, 106, 613, 647, 667,688, 818, 819, 823, 830-832, 834, 886, 1105. Jesus College, Cambridge, 393, 558, 658, 982, 1178, 1198, 1208. Jesus College, Oxford, 33, 47, 556, 575, 666, 889, 1179. Jesus Psalter, 626, Je tire vers ma fin, 887. Jewell, 54. Jewish Antiquities, 839. Jewish Sabbath, 656. Jews, 16, 650, 872-874, 1016, 1018, 1033, 1078. Jews not to be admitted into Merchant-Taylors'School, 437. Iffley, 1086. Ignoramus, 466 Iliaca Passio, 1074. Hive, 1064. Ill ustrationcs Plantarum,755. Illustrious Men, 881. Immortality of the Soul, 991, 992. Imperatus, J 084. Imputation of Christ's Righ- . teousness, 695. Incorporated Society, 1010, 1033, 1048, 1074, 1095. Incorporations of London, xiii, xviii, x.x, xxviii. Incubo, 343. Independents, 694, 758, 789, 803. Independents' Conspiracy, 1186. Index Librorum MSS. 874. Index to MSS. 862. India, 1061, 1062, 1086, 1111, 1137, 1139-1141, 1145. Indian Allies, 1087. Indian Climate, 1137. Indian Philosophers, 873. Indians, 1099, 1103, 1105. Indian Temple, 1038. Indian Troops, 1090. Indian Varnish, 886. Indigenous Botany, 996. Infidelity, 991. Infidels, 763,1074. Inglish, 1122. Ingoldsby, 772. Ingrain, 1156. Inkersel, 726. Inkersell, 213, 214, 260, 262, 266, 274, 275, 280, 28!, 284, 1194. Inner Temple, 77, 446. Innocent XI. 819. Inns of Court, 672, 674, . 792. Inquisition, 904, 1003,1008, 1073. Inspiration, 1006. Inverness, 543. Joans, 1150. Joceline, 1036, 1039. John, King, 592. John XXII xiv. John of Gaunt, xix. Johnes, 1190. Johnson, xix, 190,214, 219, 220, 454, 475, 486, 745, 790, 795, 1053, 1135, 1136, 1149, 1151-1154, 1162,1211,1220. Johnsonne, 1185. Johnstone, 1176. Jones, 33, 61, 110, 112, 115, 117, 118, 120, 124, 420, 428, 513, 537, 555-558, 687, 688, 699, 756, 791, 804, 949, 1022, 1151, 1153, 1155, 1158, 1175, 1183, 1185, 1195, 1205, 1215, 1220. Jonson, 171, 344, 624, 673. Jordan, 353,432. Joitin quoted, 575. Joseph, 747. Josephus, 649, 838, 839, 950, 1013. Journals of Lords and Com- mons quoted, 213. Jowett, 541, 543, 1218. Joy, 1158. Joyncr, 1201. Ipswich, 683, 692. Ireland, 23, 202, 393, 549, 591, 592, 609, 626, 634, 635, 673, 693, 721, 749, 751, 759, 779, 790, 791, 803, 804, 807, 820, 830, 831, 833, 835, 847, 862, 867, 874, 886, 902, 982- 987, 995, 997, 998, 1000, 1008-1011, 1021, 1022, 1028, 1033, 1036, 1038, 1039, 1045, 1047, 1049- 1052, 1074, 1096, 1128, 1187. Irenaeus, 969. Ireson, 475, 1212, 1213. Irish, 875,1030. Irish bishops, 984, 1010. Irish Clergy, 984, 1000, 1009, 1016, 1052. Irish Commons Journals, 997. Irish. Estates, 1021. Irish House of Commons, 985, 997. Irish Interest, 986. Irish Papists, 713. - Irish Parliament, 992, 998. Irish Patriot, 985. Ironside, 860, 992. Isaacson quoted, 557, 558, 576, 613, 633, 660. Isaiah, 940, 950, 1005. Isis, 853, 1124. Isle of Wight, 223, 729, 732, 1171, 1172., Islington, xxi. Islip, 1192. Tsocrates, 818. Israelites, 1012. Italian, 807, 880,924, 1121. Italian Church, 879. Italian Language, 695. Italy, xvi, 223, 240, 540, 552, 568, 573, 583, 859, 879, 880, 944, 963. Judaical Opinions, 656. Judde, 338. Judges or Justices, 47, 639, 645, 646, 663, 669, 697, 701, .730, 850, U88, 1010, 1027,1031, 1044, 1051, . 1055,1079, 1168,1174. Juliana, 1121. Junius, 88, 1085. Jupp, 539. Justel, 815. Justus Lipsins, 662. Juvenal, 386. Juxon, 112, 126-130, 133, 137, 138, 142-144, 155, 157, 168, 188, 201, 209, 212, 227, 237, 238, 242, 248, 349, 366, 468, 494, 508, 510, 542, 641, 662, 666, 670, 672, 675, 680- 682, 684-688, 690, 691, 695, 700-702, 719, 720, 730, 732-736, 778, 733, 785, 786, 856, 1147, 1151,1155, 1191, 1193. Juxon's Will quoted, 227. Ivy, 1154. Kabala denudata, 866. Kalm, 1066. Karical, 1090. Kay, 359,361,1356,1157. Kearney, 1049. Keblewhite, 607. Keely, 1196. Keene, 463. Keepers of the Liberties of England, 735. Keil, 945. Kellet, 1196, 1203. Kellmarsh, 1025. Kemp, 426, 558, 1214, 1206. Kempster, 255, 905. Ken, 927, 969. Kenilworth, 87, 551, 552. Kennet, 989, 1025, 1059. Kennet quoted, 263, 287, 296, 326, 775, 777-780, 782, 783, 786, 798, 817. Kenuicott, 1142. Kennington, 257. Kensington, 849, 946, 1049. Kent, xxvi, 194, 199, 206, 207, 391, 559, 780, 786, 818, 1157, 1159, 1176, 1195. Kentish, 323, 1197, 1201, 1214, 1220. Kentish Town, 26, 63>. Kersal, 975, 978. Ketcher, 1152. Kettilby, 454, 524, 1211, 1220. Keltlewell, 910, 959, 969. Kew, 120 1. Key, 366. Keyes, rOO. Keyt, 114, 115, 124. Keyte, 100, 123. Kiblewhite, 3, 53, 63, 64, 1189. Kid, 523. Kidd, 406, 523, 1159, 1181. Kidder, 363, 378, 382, 384, 914, 1185. Kildare, 673, 693, 899, 1010.. Kilkhampton, 1208. Killaloo, 986. Kilmarsh, 1204. Kilmore, 779. Kinborongh Eagle, 44. Kinde, 1172. Kinder, 1161. King, 27, 192, 213, 247, 249, 294, 4 2,413,430, 437, 455, 468, 487, 719, 729, 924, 1080, 1095, 1195, 1198, 1201, 1206, 1207, 1210, Kingdom of Peace, 1001. Kinglake„ 240, 1195. King of Arms, xviii, 1145. King of Preachers, 192. Kings, 1026. King's Advocate, 1138. Kingsale, 592. King's Bench, 645, 663, 699,819, 820, 829, 831, 1055. Kingsborough, 1202. Kingsbury, 789. King's Chamber, 172. King's Chapel, 633, 671,. 681, 682, 708, 735, 1127.. King's College, Cambridge, 22, 75, 76,113, 180, 208„ 236, 398, 790, 1177, 1178, 1204. Kingsdowne, 1-209. King's Library, 815. Kings- of the Mercbant-Tay. lors' Company,, xxy... INDEX. 1237 Klngsmill, 635, 636, 638, King's Norton, 789. King's Proctor, 1146. King's School, Canterbury, 1203. King's Supremacy, 614. Kingston, 63, 64, 1206, 1811. Kingston Bagpuze, 1197, 1201. Kingston Bakepuze, 38, 41. Kingston upon Thames,. 940, 1051. Kinleside, 465,. 476,. 1212. Kinnersley, 1153. Kippis, 945, 953. Kirby, 1195. Kirkby Underwood, 1022. Kirk Leedhani, 354, 355. Kirtlington, 283, 906, 1129, 1191, 1202, 1215. Knapp, 1220 Knatchbull, 926. Kneeling at the Lord's Sup- per, 616. Knevet, 153» Knight, 390,393,403, 541, 543, 579, 64^, 939, 945, 1011, 1018, 1020, 1024, 1025, 1218./2 0Z. Knight Marshal,, 569. Knight Rider-Street, xvii. Knocks, 457 Knolles, xxviii. Knollys, 729, 905. Knowles, 268. Knox, 1145, 1180, 1184* 1186, 1210, 1212, Knoyle, 760. Koran, 1106. Kuckstone, 153, 188. Kympton, 37,47, 105, 1149, 1150. Kynge, 1189. Kyngston, 657.. Kyrton^ 1150. Labourn, 1122. La Chaise, 819. Laches, 426. Lacy, 426, 901, 928,. 1206. Ladies Club,, 1137. Lady Abbess, 955,958. Laslius, 1026. Lafere, 109. Lahey, 1215. Lake, 3, 223. Lally, 1112. Lamb, 622, 1205. Lambc. 499, 506, 1195. Lambert, 771, 772, 1119, 1157, 1173- Lambert Hill, 650. Lambeth, 123, 257, 258, 676, 785, 786, 809, 810, 837, 973, 995, 1037, 1071, 1126. Lambeth Articles, 582, 583. Lamboum, 232, 233. Lamper, 253. Lancashire, 8, 25, 189, 753, 786,975, 1214. Lancaster, xxv, 557, 718, 724, 730, 742. Lancaster Herald, 1176. Land, 454, 1211. Lane,. 152,, 817, 877, 88?. Lanford, 1175. Langbaine,. 223,. 279,. 790. Langdale, 727. Langden, 41, 419. Langdon Hills, 1211. Langham, 238,1153. Langley, 138, 170, 1.72, 1192. Langworthy, 442.. Lankford, 1175. Lant, 1154, 1197. Lanum, 826. Lapworth, 238. Lardner, 1202. Lascelles, 421. Lasher, 342,344, 379, 949, 999, 1198, 1199. Latewar, 66, 85, 126, 583, 584, 586, 591-593, 1190. Latham, 506, 1146, 1155. Lathnea Squamaria, 1084. Latimer, xxvii. Larimers, 665. Latin, 695, 697, 704, 708, 742, 744, 745, 797, 800, 801, ,804, 805, 811,. 818, 838,. 844, 851, 87fc-876, 881, 897, 910,911,916, 922, 926, 934, 940, 949, 952, 959, 961, 963, 964, 972, 974, 1003, 1026, 1035, 1041, 1054, 1056, 1059, 1061. 1093, 1121, 1127,. 1129, 1130. Latin Churches,. 689. Latin Elegy, 653.. Latin Fathers, 190, 87,7.. Latin Inscription, 652, 653. Latinist, 877. Latin Lecture, 564. Latin Orations, 125, 137, 143, 145, 191, 193, 201, 203, 208, 209, 212, 541, 798. Latin Secretary, 307. Latin Sermon, 614, 630, 656, 690, 910. Lalton, 412. Laud, 39, 153, 156, 187, 188, 190, 192, 202-204, 209, 210, 231, 232, 234, 239,250,616,617, 639- 641, 644, 645, 647, 655, 661, 663,. 666, 670-672, 676, 678, 680-683,685, 686, 688,. 689, 691, 695, 697, 699, 714, 722, 737, 787,954,969,1073,1175. Laud's Diary quoted, 153, 648, 650, 670, 681, 689. Laughair., 1156. Launcelot, xxii. Laurence, 1033. Lauson, 594, 600, 618.. Lavender, 1155. Lavington, 899. Law, 958, 1033, 1035, • 1088, 1090.. Lawrence, 54, 1069-1071, J087, 1088, 1090, 1092. Lawrens, 55. Lawson, 118, 125-127, 1155, 1191. Lawsonia inermis, 1063. Lawyers, 1079. Laxton, 1167. Lay Conformity, 951. Layiield, 205„ 206,344, 382, 737,738,777,822,1193, 1199. Lay Managers, 635. Lazaro, 343, 344. Lea, 2, 10, 263-265, 294, 590,618,1149,1196. Leadenhall-Street, 868. Leaden Pipes, 1096. Leap Years, 989. Leatherseller*' Company, 322, 1121, 1122. Lechmere, 924. Leckford, 1178,1206,.1211, 1213, 1214. Le Clerc, 864, 883. Ledder, 253. Ledes, 786. Ledger, 1137. Lee, xxviii, 40, 63, 64, 136, 138, 139, 142, 143, 146,. 152,. 153, 156, 199, 322, 372„379, 384-386, 880, 904,. 955, 957-959, 972, 1024, 1151, 1183, 1189, 1191,1201,1216. Leedes, 910. Leeds, 78, 487, 1162. Leg, 1160. Legg, 1159, 1161.. Leicester, 3,. 4, 9, 44, 550, 570,575, 620, 621, 894. 943, 1182. Leicester House, 1118. Leigh, 10, 146, 199, 955, 1064,. 1172, 1198. Leighton, 1194. Leipsic,. 574, 874,1058. Lekeux, 924. Lem, 356, 373, 374. Lenche,. 796. Le Neave, 1158. Le Neve quoted, 575, 585, 607,608, 614, 633, 634, 662,663, 666, 668, 671, 676, 677, 693, 786, 7B9, 810,817, 821,. 825,. 830, 840, 850, £56, 869, 884, 898, 916. Lennard, 1205. Lennox, xxv. Lenox, 172. Lent, 913, 1075.- Lenthall, 559. Lent Sermons, 655. Leocadia, 343. Leo Magnus, 874. Leonardo, 343. Leopard, 528, 540, 1163. Le Pays de Caux, 1115. Le Porcque, 1171,1176. Lesley, 1137. Lcssingham, 1160. L' Estrange, 968. Lethieullier, 1028. Leunclavius, 961, 1041. Levant Company, 924. Levellers levelled, 1186. Leveson, 623. Leviathan, 774. Levinz, 256, 257, 316, 326, 341, 376, 378, 382,384, 395, 668, 729, 787, 790, 809, 811, 818, 825, 830, 878, 880, 821, 846, 1195. Leviticus, 1012,1013. Lewes, 47-49, 51,52, 1127,. 1157, 1206. Lewin, 355,359,361,1155, 1160, 1161. Lewis, 1006. Lewis XIV. 819. Lewisham, 1005,1122.- Lewker, 1149. Lewknor, 253. Lexicon, 741. Lexicon JEgyptiacum, 875. Lexicon Russicum, 875. LexTalionis, 668. Ley, 2,10,729,1149. Leyden, 578, 800, 801, 827> 862, 873, 877, 1066, 1078. Liber divinarum Liturgia- rura, 875. Liber Precum,, 959. Licentiates, 1078, 1079, 1120. Lichfield, 9, 317, 356, 357,. 524,1190. Lichfield and Coventry, 188, 190-192, 201, 416, 418, 775, 959. Lickhayside, 328. Liddiatt, 180, 1152. Lightning, 1059. Light within, 1033. Lilley, 881, 1133. Li Hie, 1208. Lilly, 1201. Lily, 220, 383. Lime-Street Ward, 351. Linche, 796. Lincoln, 9,. 38, 103, 113_ 153, 202, 220, 222, 233, 233, 463, 559, 646, 650,. 701, 702, 81 6,. 863, 868, 896, 900, 918, 921, 944, 946, 1022, 1036, 1051. 1055, 1060, 1086, 1126, 1130. Lincoln-Col!ege,Oxford,314. 1238 INDEX. 626, 889, 959, 1053, 1.182, 1184, 1203, 1206, 1213. Lincoln's Inn, 1079, 1119. Lincoln's Inn Fields, 1102. Lincolnshire, 649, 848, 862, 863,1167. Lindsay, 297, 983. Lindsel, 676. Lindsey, 297. Linen-Armourers' Company, xvii, xviH, xxr, 135. Linguaruro Cognatio, 1182. Lining, 1059. Linnaean System, 1040. Linnaeus, 996, 1039, 1063, 1066, 1081, 1093, 1101, 1120. Lisbon, 906, 962, 1095, 1176. Lisle, xxvii, 625, 897. Lismore, 634, 679. List of Admissions at St. John's, Cambridge, 1166, 1167. Lister, 404. Literary Correspondence, 996. Literati, 746. Litheiland, 1186. Little Bioxsitch, 416. Little Britain, 725. Little Compton, 778. Littje Eastcheap, 228. Little Gidding, 989. Little Kyrobell, 870. Little St. Helen's, 890. Littleton, 748. Litton, 711. Liturgies; 968. Liturgy, 1187. Uandaff, 700, 856, 1036, 1037, 1067, 1126. Llangotmer, 1191. Llan Vrinacb, 688. Llewellin, 1163. Lloyd, 437, 540, 541, 543, 1055, 1162, 1216, 1218. Lloyd quoted, 671, 702. Lobel, 745. Loci natales, 1040. Locke, 883,991, 1129. Locker, 428, 11 2 1 -11 23, 1160, 1205. Lodge, 85, 649, 1189. Loggins, 745. Logick, 910. Loiterer, 1146. Lomax, 557. Lombard ,394,411,414,1203. Lombard-Street, 5. Lorabardy, 879. London Archers, rxi. London Bishop, xxvi, xxvii, 28, 192, 213, 226, 23'2, 233, 24 r >, 268, 348-351, 387, 399, 427, 148 856, 625, 655, 657, 672, 675, 681, 682, 687, C38, 781- 783, 790, 803, 846, 856, 865, 868, 944, 960, 961, 972, 987, 989, 992, 1005, 1015, 1019, 1022, 1044, 1051, 1072, 1079, li75, 1202, 1205. London-Bridge, 194, 415. London City, xvii, xviii, >:ix, xxi, xxii, xxiii, xxir, 26, 27, 34, 41, 46, 50, 53, 58, 62, 67, 90, 98, 104, 106, 111, 117, 135; 139, 149, 150, 136, 169, 187, 193-196, 198, 199, 202,211, 213, 215, 220, 221, 2124, 226-226, 232, 234, 245, 246, 249, 256, 264, 265, 272, 274, 278, 28S, 290, 295, 297, 299, 300,304, 3L4, 336, 337, 339, 347-350, 358, 360, 363, 390, 392, 399, 400, 412, 415-417, 446, 461, 466, 467, 475, 497, 505, 506, 554, 557-559, 569, 571, 582, 585, 590, 615, 619,621, 624, 6tQ, 628, 629, 631, 632, 634, 635, 639-641, 646, 647, 649, 650, 653, 657, 661, 662, 665, 667-671, 673, 674, 679-682, 684, 6S5, 688, 708, 710, 712, 722, 725- 727, 729, 732-, 737, 738, 741, 742, 744^747, 751, 754-756, 763, 70S, 771, 774,777, 779; 783, 787", 788, 792-796, 799, 802, 803, 806, 813, 822-824, 828-831, 833, 835-838, 849, 851, 854, 857-859, 962, 863, 866, 868, 871, 878-881, 864, 885, 887, 890-892, 895, 897, 899, 900,904, 905, 909, 915, 919, 920. 924, 926, 929, 940-943, 946, 949, 950, 952, 957, 959, 961, 962, 964, 966, 969, 970, 973, 976-980, 983, 989, 990- 996,999,1001,1003,1006, 1008, 1013-1019, 1022, 1025-1027, 1031, 1033, 1034, 1038, 1040-1044, 1049, 1051, 1052. 1055, 1056, 1059, T061, 1063, 1064, 1066, 1067, 1072 1074, 1078, 1080, K 85, 1.095, 1096, 1102, 1110, 1116, 1118, 1119, 1121- 1123, 1126-1129, 1133, 1145, 1164, 1165, 1169- 1172, 1174, 1176, 1180, 1182, 1188,1201. London nergy, 682, 690, 695, 732, 755, 782, 799, 865, 914, 918, 966, 1011, 1016, 1024, 1074. Londonderry, 779, 790, 825, 827, 998. London Dioccss, xxi, S3, 24, 153, 350, 557, 591, 617, 670, 672, 680, 6S0, 779,1017,1065,1132. London House, 622, 684, 886, 959, 1049. London Infirmary, 1126. London Medical Journal, 1116. London Medical Observa- tions, 1101. London Stone, 199, 342. London, William, 783. Lonesborongh, 1209. Long, 387, 421, 422, 446, 1154,1194. Long Annuities, 1181. Longbo rough, 685. Long Hanborongh, 1206. Long Melford, 41, 68. Long Reach, 1015,1016. Long Wittenham, 1202. Lgose t in Kent, 1178. Lord, 506, 1184, ' 1187; 1213, 1219. Lord' Admiral, 172, 902; 1016. Lord Almoner, 613. Lord Chamberlain, 372, 1026. Lord Chancellor, xix, x xviii xxviii, 77,78, 81,82,109, 478, 489, 493, 499, 504, 505, 527, 575, 586, 636, 667, 668, 771, 778, 800, 823, 987, 995, 1000, 1008, 1009, lOI 1, 1021 , 1033, 1036, 1039, 1079. Lord General, 717. 1 Lord Keeper, 192,222, 224, 646, 742, 894. Lord Lieutenant, 1010. Lord Mayor of London, xv, xviii, xxv, 5,31, 78, 147, 149, 150, 346, 352 354, 38S, 427, 771, 784, 794, 795, 828. 914, 923, 973, 978. 979, 994, 1015, 1016, 1019, 1027, 1031, 1044, 1060, 1072, 1073, 1080, 1095, 1116-1119, 1126, 1151-1158, 1160, 1163, 1178, 1187, 1201, 1210, 1211. Lord M ayor's Day, 410, 437. Lord Mayor's Feast, xxiii. Lord Mayors of the Mer- chant-Taylors' Company, x xviii. Lord of Misrule, 620. Lord President, 904. Lord Privy Seal, xix. Lord Protector, 751, 752, 759, 760, 766, 768. Lordsof the Admiralty,lQ59, 1096, 1103, 1138. Lords* journals, 503. Lords Justices, 722; 941, 983, 987, 995, 100O, 1008/ 1009, 1011, iOti, 1032, 1036, 1039, 105Q. Lord's Prayet, 657, 668, 858, 874, 959. Lord's Supper, 633, 634, 755, 763, 1006, 1044, 1059, 1076. Lord Treasurer, xv, 249, 407, 566, 580, 681, 682, 685, 687, 700, 738, 899. Lostock, 1061. Lough Neagh, 998. Louis, x xviii. Louis XIV. 843. Love, 1149. Loveden, 1193. Lovel, xxvii. Lovell', 1186. Lovermg, 558. Love's Pilgrimage, 344. Low, 63, 64. Low Leyton, 1121. Lowndes, 302, 1195. Lownds, 726. Lownes, 256. Lpwth, 366, 379, 862-864, 869, 879, 883, 90.0, 940, 941 ; 950, 951, 965, 966, 972, 974, 976, 987,1004, 1005, 1147, 1200- Loyalists, 729, 738, 755, 7*3. Loyd, 1207. Lubenham, 788. Lucar, 1, 2, 7, 8, 10, 35, 1149. Lucas, 1220. Lucca, 944. Lucian, 327, 910. Lucton,, 414. Lucton Free School, 414. Ludenham, 1194. Ludgate, 149, 416. Ludham, 692. Ludlam, 1080. Ludolphus, 873^874. Ludwell, 1171. Lufton,188, 201, 243, 1192, Lukin, 1155. Lukyn, 303. Lulliart Doctrine, 624. Luminalia, 650. Lunacy rampant, 726. Lushington, 1163. Lusus amatorius, 1003. Luther, 1182. Lutheran Church, 989'. Luthcranism, 368, 989. Lycoperdon Fornicatum, 1054. Lydden, 786. Lyd'iatt, 1180, 1183. Lydiott, 129. Lyle, 1024. Lyuibe, 1190. Lymby, 137, 594, 596. Lyme, 835. Lyncurium, 1116. Lynforde, 105, 1151. INDEX. 1239 Lynn, 891. Lyons, 622, 848. Lysor.s quoted, 7, 142, 822, 810, 1028. Lyttleton quoted, 1027. Mabillon, 816, 875. Macbeth, 609,610. Macham, 443, 5S7, 538, 1080, 1209. Mackall, 1211. Mackdowgal, 11S7. Madden, 1053. Maddox, 1Q80, 1179, 1190. Madness, 1065. Madras, 1061, 1062, 1065, 1067, 1071, 1081, 1091, 1094, 1097, 1103, 1112. Madrepores, 1084. ' Madrid, 1101. Magdalen-College,. Oxferd, 26, 103, 199, 238, 257, 567, 568, 572, 573, 575, 576, 580, 610, 612, 623, 626, 6'28, 636, 638, 727, 764, ,303, 840, 841, 843- 846, 849, 857, 884, 889, 906, 944, 946, 973, 1005, 1018, 1048, 1049, 1053, 1189, 1190, l'M'4. Magdalen-Hall, Oxi'ord,768, "973, 10+6, 1194, 1202. Magi Calvinists, 667. Magistrates, <}63. ' Mahomed-AHi-Khan, 1081, 1084, 1087, 1090. Maiirattas, 1083, 1084, 1087, 1089, 1090, 1094, 1139, 1140. Maida, 541. Maid of Honor, 942. Maidment, 502, Maidstone, 786, Maida one-School, 1178. Mainston, 264. Mainwaring, 413,1208,1219. Maitland quoted or correct- ed, xiii, xv, xix, xxi, xxii, 14, 149, 172, 225, 367, 393, 397, 586, 946, 973, 1060, 1078, 1118, 1124, 1127. Malabarians, 873. Malays, 1112. Malbon, 1213. Malcolm quoted, 27, 77,346, 347, 351, 353, 399, 403, 427,431,765,1041,1175, 1178, 1186. Maldere, 172. Malebranche, 976, 1136. Mallet, 1122. Mallctt, 222. Mallory, 361 , 364, 366, 1156. Malone quoted, 610. Malory, 1156. Malta, 866. Maltravers, xxviL Man, 103, 880. Manby, 361. Manchester, xxvi, 269, 723, 775, 777, 799, 881, 898, 902, 946, 975-977, 1038, 1061,. 1135, 1169. Manchester Guide quoted, 799, 1176. Manchester-School, 1166, 1167. Mander, 889. Manfield, 381. Manley, 11.56. Manley quoted, 702. Manor of theRose, 1,29, 345,' 353. Manors, 482. Mansbridge, 29, .61, 1150. Mansfield, 1209. Mansion-House, 527. Mansuer, 1198. Mant, 785. Mant quoted, 858. Manton, 775, 782. Manufacturers, 1126. ■ Manwood, 41. Mapledore, 127, 1191. Marheck, 142, 143. Marc Antonio, 343. March, xxvi, 476, 477. Marden, 73, 786, 948, 1150. Margaret Professor of Divj. nity, 124, 368, 555, 816, 860, 942, 994, 1200. Marham, 67. Marius, 650. Market Drayton, 1060,1061. Markham, SOI, 1193. Marklaud, '341, S79, 396, 799, 821,-868, 869, 995, 1198, 1203. Markwick, 883, 1015, 1017, 1018, 1201. Marlborough, 607,894-896, 901, 10a2. Marlor, 1149. Marlow, 501, 506, 533, 534, 538, 699, 1145, 1147, ISIS* 1219. Marseilles, 1084. Marsh, 263, 264, 313, 321, 324, 325, 1046, 1154. Marsh quoted, 368. Marshall, 626, 631. Marsham, 190, 1153. Marsland, 438,. 11 60. Marson, 1220. Martell, 1205. Marten, 796. Martial, 386, 915, 922. Martin. 33, 750, 1160, 1161, 1171,1220. Martindale, 1180. Martineau, 1209. Martyn, 1092. Martyrdom, 913, 990, 994, 1073. Mary, Queen of England, 3, 23, 25-27, 37, 42, 55, 77, 103, 142, 267, 547, 549, 560, 635, «636, 691, 806. Mary, Queen of Scots, 42, 605, 606, 629. Marylebone, 987. Mashaiu, 901. Mason, 71, 72, 213, 214, 349, 350, 1159. Massingham, 473. Masson, 1192. Masten, 1156. Master, 109, 1158. Master and Wardens of the Merchant-Taylors' Com- pany^, 55,64,497,502, 513, 515, 522, 524, 531, 535, 1181,1188. Master of the Hawks, 666. Master of the Requests, 223, 1>74. Master of the Rolls, 41, 42, 48, 222, 445. Masters, 391. Mastersof Merchant-Taylors' School, 404, 405, 429, 487. Masters of Oxford, xiii, xiv. Masters, Wardens, and As- sistants of the Merchant- Taylors' Company, 1149- 1164. Matching, 37. Mathematicians, 873. Mathemalicks, 875. Mather, 964, 1203. Matriculation-Book, 863. Matlaire, 1023. Matthew, 43, 52, 53, 58, 60, 553, 554. Matthewes, 384, 1193. Matthews, 205, 206, 519, 1216, 1220, Maule, 1009. May, 253, 370, 437, 1200, - 1213. Maye, 61, 70, 73, 81, 1150. Mayle, 996. Maynard, 625. Mayne, 694. Mayneston, 1196. Maynwaring, 1155. Mayo, 511, 519, 538, 539, 842, 903, 1008, 1144, 1146, 1214, 1218, 1220. Mayor, 1191. Mead, 529, 1060, 1093, 1156, 1S17. Meadia, 1093. Mears Ashby, 1211. Meatb, 202, 1009, 1046. Mecaenas, 1023. Mede qooted, 593. Mediterranean, 895. Medley, 1159. Medlicott, 273, 275, 876, 1151,1196. Meer Jaffier, 1106-1110, 1114. Melancthon, 438. Melksljam, 1196. MeWsh, 285, 359, 1155. Melmoih, 11S5. Melvil, 614, 615. Melvin, 1183,1185. Member of Parliament, 639. Members of the Court of Assistants, 1149-1164. Mendez, 1079. Menelaus, 811. Mennes, 822. Merbeck, 142. Mercatores Scissores, xix, 307-309, 324-327, 336, 359, 387, 428, 461, 462,. 465, 486, 487, 540, 961, 970, 1002, 1041. Mercers'. Chapel, 222, 234, 256,, 880. Mercers' Company, 146,147, 376, 585. Mercers' Hall, 1080. Mercers' School, 375, 1121. Merchants' Lecture, 1007. Merchants' Service, 1126. Merchant -Taylors' Alms- houses, 417. Merchant-TayloTB' Compa- ny , xiii, xv, atvl, xvii, xviii, xix, xx, xxi, xxii, xxiii, xxiv, xxv, xxvi,, * x xviii, x xix, 4, 6,7, 8, 11,17,29,30,32,42,45- 49,51,52,55-62,64,67- 70, 73-75, 78-83, 85, 86, 90-96, 104, 105, 111,112, 114, 115, 118, 119, 121- 126, 128, 130, 135, 136, 139-141, 144, 145,.. 448, 150-152, 155, 168i 171, 172, 180-187, 193-495, 198, 199, 202-204, 207. 210-213, 215, 222-2£4, 227, 228, 232-234, 236, 237, 239, 241, 243, 244, 246, 248, 251, 25?, 860- 269,267,268,271-277,280, 281,284, 286, 29*1, 293, 295, 296, 298-300, 505, 308-310, 312, 314, S16- 321, 323, 341-345, :34"8, 351, 354-359,362, S66- 369, 371-373, 375, 376, 379, 381, 383-385, 887, 395-398, 401-403, 405, 406,411, 415-420, 422- 425, 427-429. 432-435, 437, 442, 444, 452, 454, 455, 402,463,467, 470, 471, 476, 486, 487, 494, 495, 497, 498, 502, 507, 508, 511, 513-520, 522, 5i»4, 525, 527, 528, 531- 536, 539, 542, 565, 566., 584, 638, 671,-675, .687, 696, 824, 944, 1148- 1164, h 181, 1188. Merchant-Taylors' Compaq ny's charitable Disburse- ments, xxix, 1240 INDEX. Merchant-Taylors' Compa- ny's Feast, xxiii. Merchant-Taylors' Court, 57, 61, 73, 75, 92, 94, 96, 107,108, 110, 115, 121, 128, 130, 136, 139, 140, 146-148, 152, 157, 171, 173, 179, 181-183, 186, 199, £00, 207, 220, 226, "229, 230, 232, 237, 242, 248,251,257, 269, 272, 278,281, 287, 299, 301, 305, 310, 315, 319, 323, 324, 342, 344, 347, 352, 353, 357,360,361, 364, 366, 367-369, 371, 373, 379, 330, 385, 388 391, 393, 395, 398, 400- 402, 418, 426, 427, 429* 433, 434, 436, 442, 443, " 450-454, 457, 458, 460, 462, 464, 467, 469-471, 475-477, 487, 488, 494, 495, 497, 498, 502, 507- 515, 517, 518, 520, 522, 524-526, 528, 5*!9, 536, 539,541, 1149-1164. Merchant-Taylors'Hall, xix, xx, xxi, xxiv, 6, 60,66, 172, 211 , 244, 246, 248, ,.261, 273-275, 279, 285, 287, 288, 293, 295, 301, 302, 305, 316, 32 i, 323, 325, 349, 356, 397,-399, 410, 417, 437, 442, 450, 460,461,487, 497, 498, 513, 515, 543, 674. . Merchant-Taylors' Livery, xix. Merchant-Taylors' Oath, xU, xx. Merchant-Taylors' Scholars, 30,32,34,60,63,71,119, 122, 175, 487, 523, 554, 556-558, 580, 593, 608, 619, 629, 711, 723,729, 738, 755, 788, 870,894, 906, 1041, 1071, 1080, 1124,1145, 1148, 1165. Merchant -Taylors' School, xxi, 3, 10, 11, 14,30,33, 40, 44, 51, 58, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 73-75, 77-81, 84- 87, 90, 93, 95, 96, 108, 109, 120, 123-125, 130, 131, 144, 146, 147, 157, 158, 168, 171, 173,174, 184, 1S6, 187, 19Q, 193, 195,196, J 99-204, 207- 209, 211, 213,220, 222- 226, 230-234, 236, 239, 242, 243, 249t252, 254, 255, 260, 2j6>* 268, 270, 87.1, 278, 288, 292, 296- 298, 307-310, 312, 314, 319, 321-7S24, 328, 329, 340-342, 344-349, 351, .355-358, 362, 363, 365, 366-375, 379-388, 391- 402, 404-406, 410-412, 414, 416,418-420, 422- 426, 428-437, 439-442, 446, 447-453, 455-464, 466-472, 474-476, 478, 435-489, 491, 492, 494- 513, 516-523, 525-531, 535, 536, 538-540, 512, 546, 547, 550, 552, 555, 564, 565, 584, 585, 593, 607, 613, 616,624, 63-401» 403, 404, 419, 420, 423, 426, 429, 430, 432, 434, 437, 442-444, 447, 450-454, 462, 464, 467, 471, 473, 475, 476, 486, 467,663. ^Mh-CMSbj^UTr. Much-Crosby School; 1183. Mucking, (1216. Muggeridge, 1 162. Mulcasrer, ' fcxi, xxii, 11, 21-85, 38,29,34,35,37, 41„56, 57,60, f6S, 73,75, 79-91,33, 408, 118,119, 124, 125, 148-145, 809, 213, 218, 231, 323, 398, 404, 4X5, 550, 652, 553, 565, 658, 1164, aif7, 1184. Mulgraw, xxvi, 624. Mullins, 86. MttrdeO, 1160. ' Mtntray, 1218. Muaae .Anglican*, 948. Musseus, JB61, 9*2, 1003, 1072. / Muscheabrocfc, 1067. Muscovy, 904, 1190. Mushroonis, 1054, Mnssetftfine, 1213. Mutiny Bill, 946. Muxadabaa, 1106, 1110. Myldred, 78,82. Mylnar, 1150. My nhcad , "833. Mysore, 1090. Mystick Theology, 1000. Naamaft, 1038. Nabob, 1081, 1090, 1097, 1103, 1104-1114, 1139. Nalder, 1163. Nalsoh quoted, .702. Namptwich, 720. Nan*es, iil'5. NantyGroes, 1174. Naples, 466. Narbo rollgh, 865. Naseby, 699. Nash, 64, 70, 94, 263, 695, 359, 401, 402, 438, 457, 1154, 1155, 1160, 1161, J163. Nash quotecj, 1174 Nashe, 72,114,515,1^3,124. National Education, 368. Natidna! Religion, 368. Natolia, 949. Natr, 519, 1208, 1216, 1220. N&tura! Histtfry, 996, HOT. Natural Philosophy Reader, * 722. Naturalists, 1123. Naval Heroes of the Mer- chant-Taylors' Company, below the Peerage, xxviii. Naval Victories, 995. Nayler, xviii. Naytor, 1191. Naylour, 148. N»zmg,1216. Neaie, 633, 644, 645, 1E03. Neave, 458, 1153, 1154, 1161. 7 Nectarius, 682. Needham, 1174, 1*85. Needier, 258, 866, J98, 732, 825,1826, 1195. Needs, 899. . Negroes, 1133. Negus, 442, 1208. Neidler, 303,515. , Nelson, 374, 910,522, '929- 931, 933, 910, 959. Neophytus, 969. Nepos, 881. Nero, 662. Netherhaven, 825. Netherlands, ISO, 866. Netreswell, 1208. Nettleship, 12.15.. Neuchatel, 1063. Neunburg, 1163. Neutrality in Bfiligion, 1015 . Neve, 508, 1147, 1214, 1216, 1220. Nevtl, 772. Nevill, xxvii, 322,328, J52, 353, 359-362, 364, 1155, 1197. Newberie, 1194. Newber.y, 460,462-464^06, 1131, 1197, 1*12, 1219. Newcastle. 710, 793, 985, 1027, 1055, 1180. Newcastle-uponi-Tytieill22. New College. Oxford, 11, 355, 764, '846,892, 899, 1005. New Converts, 989. Newcourt quoted or correct- ad, 23, 24,96s 28, 38, 39- 41, 60,76, 118, 122, 124, 135, 136, 169, 180, 185, 188, 189, 192, 199, 202, 208, 214, 22S,«33, gS9- 241, 256, 258, 263, 272, Sio, 317, S27, 342,351, 363, 378, 403, 80S, 807, 828. 829, 840, 688, 1174. Newdigates Prize, 1818. Newecomen, 78,79,82-84. New England, 683, 963. Newenton, xvi. New Fish-Street-Hill, 345. Newgate, x,v> 149, 256, 305, 416, 784, 833, 885, 1182. New Inn, 344, 857. New Inn Hall, Oxford, 47, 1101, 1174. Newland, 1080, 1129. Newman, 1154^ 1194. Newmarket, 150, 692. Newnham, 1211 Newport, 923, 1172. Newport Pagnell, 1007. New Prophets, 1006. New River, 150. Newry, 998, 999, 1060. New Testarnent, xxx, 503, 631, 864, 683, 926, 934, 953, 1006. Newton, t7«,.'892, 931, 936, .964, 971, 1056, 1167. Newton Tonye, 1191, New Year's 'day, 895. Niccols, 287, 503,504. Nicejie Creed, MJ31. Nichols, 968, 1136. Nichols quoted, xxi, 87, 308, 397. 503, 504, 547, SSI, 556, 57B, 679-981, ■604, 605, 614, •799,'804; 807. 897, 936, 970, 971, 1037, 106*, 1067, 1*86, 1093, 1121, 1IS3, 1135, 1142. Nicholson, 443. Nickydemus NUmy- Ham- mer, 1026. Nicolls, 298, 1196. Nicols, 1198. Nicolson, 1156, 1809. Niobtj, 1086. Noden, 1157, 1201. Nodes, 11*5. Nolet, 1059, 1102. Nolworth, 473, 480. Nonconformists, 635, 669, 785, 816, 859, $90, 951, 952, 1006. Nonconformists' Memorial, 1007. Nonconformity, ■xxx, 890, 891, 903, 1TO6. Nonjuring Bishops. 969. Nonjurors, 904, SSS, 9F2i 1045. N«n Subscribers, -953. Non ultra, 6*0. Norbury, 1173. Norden, 142. Norfolk, xxv, 473, 6«S, 690, 777, 818,828, 884, 885, 11*2, 1169, 1176. Norman, 965, 966, 978, 974, 975, 987, 1115. Norman Conquest, 744. Normandy, 11 IS. North, 430, 1030, 1188, 1207, 1209, 1218; Northampton, x xv, xxtfi, 34, 557, 606, 607, 615, 962, 1041. Northamptonshire, 1134, 1167. Northbourne, 665. North Britain, 904. North Cadbury, 223. Northcoat, 117.2. Northern Scholars, xiii, xiv. North Fambridge, 607. North and Grey, 903, 1126. Northill, 257. North Kilworth, 153, 607. North Leigh, 1205. North Lewe, 616. Northnrore, 1179, 1202. Northop, -co. Flint, 1180. North Petherton, 1204. North Petterton, 921, 1302. 1242 INDEX. .North Reps; 799. Northumberland, xxvi, 624, 625, riO, 815. North Wales, 269. Northwarnborough, 825. Norton, 153, 565, 789; Norway, 656. Norwich, 136, 169, 201, 575, 590, 623, 666, 678, 679, 683-685, 688, 690- 693, 695, 703,727, 780, 782, 842, 900, 925, 968, 1045, 1086, 1102, 1169. Notley, .208. Nott, 558, 1193. Nottingham, xxvi, 172, 892, . 557, 559, 846, 856, 903. Nottinghamshire, 980. Nova Plantarum Genera, 1054. Novatianisra, 560. Nowell, 24, 25,38-40,61,76. Nubes Testium, 837, Nuns of our Lady of Com- fort, 688. Nye, 258. . Oakly, 354. Oates, 818-820, 823-825, 830-834, 836, 843, 850. Oaths, 1055, 1126. Oaths to Government, 1051. Oatlands, 678. Obadiah, 1006. .Oburne, 94. Obutt, 94. Occasional Conformity, 951, 1006, 1015. Ocland, 87. Oculus Britannia?, 1042. Odours, 1058. Oenanthe crocata, 1116., Offeley, 2,25.1149. .Offertory, 933, 955. Office for Consecration, 677. Officium Eucbaristicum, 909, 913, 928, 930; 933. Offley, xviii, 4„66, 105,119, 1150. Offlly, xxii. Oglethorp, 208. Ogilby, 793. Oglander, 1172. Okeham, 719, 741, 779, 856. Okingham,. 639. Okins, 153. Okyn, 152, 156. Old Bailey, 581, 820. Old Broad Street, 1181. Old Fish-Streef, 256, 661. Oldham, 507, 1210. Qldisworth, 396,957,1203. Old Jewry, 1022, 1121. Old Mailing, 1132: Old Testament, 864, 874, 883, 950, 987, 1006, 1008, 1085, 1142. Qldys,892. Oliver, xvi, 348, 353, 763, 824, 840, 850, 1199. Ollyff, 2, 1149. Olyffe, 10, 890, 891. Ombersley, 643. Omichund, 1106. Omrah, 1-114. Ongley, 1095. Ongly, 1158. Opraeerius, 386. Oporto, 1003, 1200, 1203, 1205. Opuscnla Mythologica, &c. 874. Orange, 150, 388,843, 846, 959. Oratory, 955, 969. Orbilius, 1022, 1184. Ordination Service, 615, 6!& 1006, 1007. Orgar, 1032. Oriel College, Oxford, 109, 142, 915, 1080, 1185, 1199, 1201, 1209, 1216, 1217. Oriental, 874. Orientalist, 877t. Oriental Languages,. 1011. Origen, §06. Original Sin, 923, 994. Orissa,,1097. Orixa, 1111, 1114. Orleton, 414. Orlibeare, 311, 325, 1154. Orme, 311,558, 1154, 117J. Orrne quoted, 1070, 1082, 1090. Ormond, xxvi, 802,. 889, 90.6,. 963, 1,121. Orringshawe, 209; Oreett, 202, 240. Osbaldeston, 1220. Osbalston, 1186. Osbaston, 247, 249, 728, 1195, 1199. Osbolston, 1179.. Osborn, 5, 1151, 1195. Osborne, 78,83, 89,. 90, 155, 255. Osborne's Catalogue, 783. Osnabrug, 992. .- r , Ossory, x x vi, , 779. Ossuna, 343, 344. Osteology, 696. Oswestrey, 150: Oswyn, 1209. Oteswich, 135i Ottleyj 1204., Otway, 1152ii Otwey, 145. Oude, 1139. Oundle, 328, 949, 1022. OunaUe School, 1177,1205% Outhingworth, 1025. ! Outram, 1166-1168: OveraH, 158, 168/ 169, 188. 190, 192, 201. Overland, 786. Oviatt, 1172... Ovid, 881, 1021, 1086, . 1136. Ovingdeane, 1205. Ovington, 473. Owen, 155, 193, 200-202, 248, 261, 263, 314, 316, 320, 381, 508,1151, 1153, 1176, 1193, 1214, 1219. Owin, 1193. Owyn, 1193. Oxburgh, 472, 474. Oxenden, 892.. Oxford, xxvi. 3, 141', 192, 496, 624,. 897, 943, 970. Oxford Authors, 1035. Oxford Bp. 694, 841, 864, 940, 944,946, 989, 1018, 1021,1022, 1032, 1037, 1055,. 1129,. 1205, 1206. Oxford City, 32, 7U.95, 103, 278, 27.8, 292, 547, 580, 620, 646, 661, 662, 668, 678, 696, 707, 708, 710, 712, 714,718, 722, 723, 727, 742, 777, 784, 790,795, 796, 844, 846, 849, 860, 878, 890, 947, 990, 1055. . Oxford Convocation, 616, 708,"712, .767, 768, 774, $87, 802, 824„ 889*893, 1060, 1209, 1214. Oxford Garrison; 313. Oxford Press, 839 Oxford Riots,; 947. Oxfordshire, 9, 39, 34, 590, 634, 707, 752, 764, 780, 1176. Oxford Siege,, 277, 743. Oxford Toasts, 1042. Oxford University, xiii, xiv, 8, 22-25, 31, 32, 69, 85, 87, 109-111, 135, 139, 143, 153, 157, 180, 495, 199..2VT, 228, 232,;.236, 238, 241, 244, 256, 258, 262, 266, 269, 272, 274r278, 880; 282, ■ 283, 28)5, 289,.290^'29S- 297, 299-301, 310,. $11, 314; 316, 322, 329,- 333, 342, 362, 376, 384, 393, , 400, 419, 441„448 > <4&1, 515, 553, 5&t, 562, 565- 567, 569, 570; 572, !573, 575x 578,;5?9, ,581, .585, 586, 593, 604, 608, 615, 618, 625, 628, 629, ,631, 649,658, 665, 670, 677, 681, 684-686,. 7Q4, 707, ,708, .711, ,712, 719, 721, 723, 725-728, 738, 7*3, 753, 755, 758, 763, 767, 769,774, 776, 787-790, 797, 799-803, 805,-807, 808, 810, ; 813—815, 816, 838, 82^ 826; 827, 836, 838-841,, 846, 854, 857, 859-863, 865, 8.71- 875, 880, 884, 887, 889, 893, 895, 896, 898, 906, 908-910, 913, 915, 940, 942, 945-949, 953-955, 9m, 964, 965, 968, 970, 973, 991,1- 994, 995, 999, 1003, 1005, 1017, 1021, 1023, 1026, 1030, 1033,. 1037, 1041, 1042, 1044, 1052, 1055, 1064, 1065, 1067, 1072, 1073, 1085, 1100, 1120, 1124, 1129, 1141, 1142, 1144i- 1147, 1164, 1183, 1214, 1218. Oxford Writers, 1023. Oxon'ssi quoted, 646. Oxonians,; 947. Oyles, 1160. Pack, 1204-. Packingham, 275, 276. Paddesley, xv. Paddie, 137, 138, 577, 578, 584, 594, 602, 610, 616, 617, .638, 646, 676. Paddye„141, 1189, 1191. . Padua, 862. Pagano, 879. Page,! 229, 1157,1194. Pagham, 252, 253, 1165. Pagis, 891. Pagoda, 1088, 1089. Paine, 1159. Painted Chamber, 723. .Painter, 240, 243, 246-248, 255, 1194,1195,1208. Pakeman,,1199. PalaaBon and Arcyte? 142. Pateographia .Britannica, 1141. Palaephatfls, 874. Palin, 199. Pallas, 1066. ! . Palmer, 33, 1007, 1127,, 1132,1151,1197. Pamela's Prayer, 307. Pamphila, 462. Pampisford, 310. Pancras, ,szj> , Panter, 1217.. ":.,. ... ■ ;,l Papacy, 589,590. - ■• ' -I Papal See,. 626, 631. . t Paper Life, 655. ( ". . Papists, 257; 549, 563,574,. 621, : ,647, , 681, i 788, • 80,0, 819-82,1,:,824, 830- . 832, .835; 836, 840*842, ,844, 845, 847, 850, 906, 958, 959, 1009, 1045. Parables, 995. Paradise, 1001. Paradise Lost; 1036, Paradise Re-gained, 1031. Paradisus Batavus, 877;. Paradoxa, 1026. Paradyne, 199. ' Parseus, 642. E3ramon;,..34.. , INDEX. 1243 Psravicin, 1156. Parfect, 1080. Parham, 776. Paris, 574, 588, 589, 815/ 858, 875, 876, 963, 1093. Parisians, 1181. Parker, 24, 415, 418, 419, 841, 950, 1035, 1051, 1064, 1206, 1219. Parker quoted, 783. • Parker's Will quoted, 415. Parkin, 252, 472,475,478- ■481,483, 484, 488-491, 493, 495, 496, 499, 505, >7. 1141, 1142, 1187, 1204, 1215-1218. Parkin's Will quoted, 4$2. ' Parkinson, 745, 755. • ' -». Parks, 1194. ! Parkyu, 21. Parliament, 258, 639, 640, 647, 648, 650, 657, 663, 670, 699^701, 704, 705, 707-712, 714, 716, 718, 719, 72T-723, 725v 730, 737, 743,746,748- 754, 757-760, 768-773, 781, 831, 850, 854, 856, 870, 885, 893, 903, 925, 938, 942, 943, 951, 981, 983, 1010, 1052, 1080, 1124-1126, 1135. Parliamentarians, 665, 719, ' 749, 750, 779. Parliamentarian Visitors,291, 721, 723, 725-729, 753, 757, 758, 777, 789, 870, 1179. Parliament Office, 412. Parmeno, 462. Parnassus Biceps, 857. Parndon Magna, 202. Paroissien, 1115. Parramor, 1150. Parria, 558. Parry, 581,1205. Parrys, 118, 1191. Parsell, 394, 404, 406-408, 410,420, 421, 423,425, 428, 429, 432, 435, 436, 472, 961, 1153, 1178, 1180, 1202, 1207. Parsonnes, 1192- Parsons, 183, 750. Partridge. 201, 1192. Parva Syntaxis Alexandria, 811. Passell, 462. PassionWeek,913,929,118l. Passive Participle's Petition, 1135. Pathology, 588. Patna, 1112, 1140. Patrick, 900, 909, 987. Patrickson, 1183, 1186. Patriot, 1055. .Patron of England, 1136. 'patrons of Merchant-Tay- lors' SchooJ, 1148-1164. Pattern for young Students, Perchard, 486, 1162, 909-913, 916, 917, 923, Percival, xxviii 926, 928, 932-934. Paul III. 574. Pauler's Perry, 796, 797. Pauli, 745. Paulet, 544. Pauley, 366. Paul's Cross, 590, 631, 668. Paul's Wharf, 346; Pausanias, 881. Paynter, 235, 697,698,744. Pax in Terra, 1182. Payn, 1203. Payne, 1217. Peace upon Earth, 1016. Peach, 454, 476, 513,1211- •■ 1213, 1219. i Pearce. 524, 1217. Pears, 205. Percy, xkvii; 512, 514,710, 1215, 1220. Perfect, 1216. Pergi»us, 800. Perigonius, 827. Peril), '■ 57, 85, 584, 585/ 594,595,608,610, 1189. Perinchief 790. Perkins, 105,106,109-111/ 437, 1208. Perkinson, 374. Perpetuity of the True Church, 1017. Perrin, 70, 94, 100, 115, 123, 142, 143, 147. PerroD, 656, Perrot, 357. Ferryn, 72, St, 93, 114 124. Pearsall, 1153. Pearson, 649, 755, 798, 810, Perry St. Paul, 796 840. Persecution, 997, 1007, Peche, 403, 423, 436, 1184, Persians, 872-874. 1186, 1204. Peck, 411, 662, 1204. Peck quoted, 579, 794. Peckham, .741, 754. Peckhai&rPlace, 858. Pecus, 465. Pedigrees, 1174, 1184. Pedro, 343. Peeres, 206, 1193. " Pegge, 1136. Peirce,. 296, 1201. Peirrepoint, 412, 413. Pelham, 1053, 1036, 1037, 1039. Persic, 875. Persius, 386, 922, 1009. Perth, xxvi. .' Pery, 285, 1154. Peryn, 78. Pfistell, 430, 1006, 1206. Pestilence, 995. Peter, 73, 1150. Peterborough, xxvi, 9,253, 254, 590, 605, 606, 629, 666, 676, 677, 693, 700, 719, 837, 861, 878, 973, 1025, 1165,-1169, 1171, 1175, 1176, 1198. Pell, 355, 359, 512, 1154, Peterborough School, 252, 1215, 1220,. Pemberton, 428, 1206. " Pembridge, 592, 628, 777. Pembroke, xxvi, 147, 648, 666, 710, 742. Pembroke College, Oxford, 529,530,1165-1168, Peter House, Cambridge, 487, 507, 559, 632, 648, 658, 664, 669, 676, 703, 1166, 1167, 1178, 1210, 1211. 747, 788, 789, 816, 860, Peter House, London, 256, 1196, 1197. 258. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, Petersburgh, 1066, 23, 24, 30, 38. 169, 189, Petersfield, 883, 965, 966, 270, 439-442, 446, 472.- 972. 474, 478, 480, 485, 488, Perraus, 827. 489, 491, 494, 495, 497- Petre, 819. 499, 504-506, 553, 555- Peltit, 1159. 557, 562, 563, 569, 576, Petty Form, 1115. 603, 638, 634, 653, 658, Petwortb, 314. 659,666,723, 741, 774, Pewtress, 1161. 776, 785, 787, 792, 805, Peykirk, 1174. 822, 1187, 1189, 1191- Peykirke, 1171. 1193, 1203-1205, 1213- Peysonnel, 1084,1085,1102. 1218. Pendleton, 384, 1157. Penn, 816. Pennant, xix. Pennington, 274. Pennsylvania, 816, Penrice, 1158. Penshurst, 88. Pentateuch, 883, 950. Peplue, 418. Phaedria, 462. Pharamus, 744. Pharmacopoeia, 999. Philadelphia, 1058. Philadejphians, 881, 992, 1000. Philautas, 650. Philip, 1013. .. . Philip and Mary, 32,33,208. Philip II. 549. 7t2 Philipps, 767. Philips, 179, 1175. Philips quoted, 179. Philipson, 1202. Phillipps, 1150. Phillips, S3, 118, 125, 239, 251, 343, 370,371,401- 403, 485, 1179, 1204, 1206. Philosophers, 741; 1078. Philosophical Transactions, 1041, 1054, 1056, 1057, 1063, 1085, 1092. Philosophical Transactions - quoted, 804, 872, 886, 963, 1054, 1057, 1063, 1071, 1079, 1084, 1085, 1092, 1093, 1097, 1101, 1102,1116,1134,1138, Philosophy Act, 632. Phoenicians, 873. Phoenix, 1006. Phormio, 464. Fhjsicians,-757, 873, 1078,' 1084, 1169. Physick, 1101. . ■ Physick Garden,Oxford,796. Physick-Garden, C 906. Physics, 922, 926. Physiology, 588. Piccadilly, 824, 838. Picenini, 897. Pickering, 430, 435, 820,- 1054, 1132, 1161, 1186, 1202, 1207. Pickerne, 1183., Picton,1160. Piedmont, 759. Piera-epoint, 711. Piers, 623, 825, 830. Pierson, 1150. Pigeon, 1162. Piggot, 1201. Piggott, 476, 1207, 1212. Pigott, 372, 432. Pikes, 53. Pilgrim, xvii. Pilkington, 638. Pinax, 949, 964, 995. Pindar, 910, 922, 1161, • 1193. Pinfold, 448, 1203. Pinne, 803. Piott, 1192. Pisauro, 875. Pit, 1157. Pitt, 516,1005,1125,1144, 1215. Pitts, 1159. Pixley, 266, 1 194. Placets, 836. Plague, 650, 851, 1052, 1095, 1176. Plaisterers' Company, 6. Plampin, 355,1155. Planus Gissenses, 964- Plantagenet, xxvii, 625, Plassey, 1112, 1128. Plat, 558,1189, 1244 IBTDEX. Plato, 88, 386, 414. Plautus, 387. Playfair quoted, 7, 150. Plavfere, 124, 125. Plays, 650. Plestow, 499, 1161, 1213. Pliny, 387, 910, 922. Plomer, 1153. Plofinus, 386. Plowden, 9. Pluckley, 1210. Pluckqett, 454, 1211. Plumbum, 387. Plumer, 91, 92, 105, 119, 1151. Plurality of Worlds, 934. Plutarch, 599, 881, 910. Plymley, 1180, 1183. Plymouth, xxvi. PocietPeeragequoted, 643. Pocock, 263,859, 872,876, 1094. Pococke, 1154. Poet Laureat, 777,1026. Poetry, 695. Poetry of the Hebrews, 1005. Poets, 1136. Pointer, 361, 1156. Poison Wood, 963. Polhill, 359, 370, 394, 1156, 1160,1180,1183,1200. Polish Prince, 570. Politianus, 624. Polla, 465 Polyglot Bible, 875. Polypes, 1084, 1085. Pomeroy, 438, 468, 1160, 1161. Pondicherry, 1067, 1088. Pontefract, 353. Ponton, 465, 475, 1212. Pool, 1198. Pope, The, 549; 553, 592, 615, 952, 1136. Pope, 2,42, 564, 668,1127, 1150. Popery, 620, 680, 664, 823, 826, 837, 84S, 945, 1015, 1021. Popham, xxviii. Popish Countries, 1095. Popish Doctrines, 197. Popish Plot, 381, 818, 819, 824, 825, 832, 870. Popish Priest, 102a Poplar, 1075- Poplar Chapel, 989. Porder, 39. Porict, 1137. Porpora, 466. Portal, 511, 514, 515, 519, 1146, 1214,1220. Portal I, 515. Pcrter, 453, 519> 535, 1210, 12 14- 1216. Portii, 1171. Port Royal, 866. Porlslade, 78S, Portsmouth, 644, 889, 965, 1172. Portugal, 924, 1003. Portus, 104 J. Potecarie, 78, 94. Pothecarye, 72, 82, 111, 116. 117, U0. Poticary, 70, 100,110,114, 115. 118. Poticary e, 57, 1189, Potter, 302, 702, 940, 1021, 1205. Potter quoted, 368. Potts, 1159. Potygamous Class, 1093. Paulk, 758. Poulsted, 1152. Poultry Compter, 416. Pounte, 1150. Povah, 541, 543, 1218. Powder Mills, 1059. Powder Plot, 587, 61S. Powel, 33. Powell, 1158, 1197. Power, 1162. Powis, 819,1051, Powney, 1160. Poynings, xxvii. Poyntz, 1119. Practical Sabbatarian, 817. Prague, 574, 1059. Pratt, 353,557,1052,1153, 1199, 1200, 1203. Prattent, 1218; Prayer, 657, 871, 920, 9-21. Prayer for the Dead, 959v Prayers' of the Chureh, 968. Predestination, 583. Prelates of the Merchant- Taylors' Company, xxvi. Prendergast, 1218. Prerogative Court of Can- terbury, 29. Prerogative Office, 415. Prerogative Royal, 1017. Preropa> 1122. Presbyterian Bishops, 954. Presbyterian Ministers, 304. Presbyterians, 1-35, 213, 236, 272, 342, 572, 614, 694, 719, 720, 732, 753, 757, 764, 7tio, 767, 780, 781) 787-789, 800, 803; 826, 843, 890; Presbyterian Visitors; 826. Presbytery, 615, 620, 713, 795. Prescott, 211,1152. President of the'North, 564. Press, 33. Preston, 315, 410, 1204, 1207. Prestwych, 1169, 1170,1176. Friee, 73, 374, 556, 575, 590, 1052, 1187, 1201, 1216. Prichard, 269, 270; 361, 374, 590, U56, 1179, 1182, Pridie, 388, 403, 404, 1202 Priestcraft; 954. Priesthood:, 952, 1074. Prime, 1159. Prime Minister, 800, 842. Prime Serjeant, 1010. Primitive Church, 837, 886, 916, 925, 968. Primitive Uoxologies, 953. Primitive Fathers, 859i Primitive Morality, 965, 1064. Primrose, 399, 1203. Prince Regent, 948. Prince of Wales, 947,1058, 1086, 1116-1118. Princes, 1026. Princes of the Merchant- Taylors' Company, xxv. Princess of Wales, 942, 1086, 1118. Prisreria, 649. Prisons, 1187. Pritchard, xxviii. Pritchet, 213. Private Devotions, 653,872, 874, 969, 1044, Private Thoughts, 929. Privy Council; 632, 642. 664, 671, 697, 782, 820, 825, 842, 937, 941, 983, 986. Probation Book, 181, 250, 1170. Probation Book quoted, 824, 833, 863, et passim. Probation Days, 1098L Probation of the School',1171. Proby, 374, 383, 1 157. Prockter, 155. Procfus, 811. Procter, 105, 110. Proctor, 414, 1 150; Proctor of Cambridge; 5>67, 787, 806. Procter of Oxford, 54, 514, 573, 582, 584, 628, «34, 640, 665, 685, 767, 768, 796, 800; 814, 823, 824, 881, 894, 895, 962, 991, 1022, 1025, 1055, 1078, 1145, 1198, 1199, 1201, .1204, Professor of Anglo Saxon, 1144. Prcrfesserof Astronomy, 859, 878, 880, 924, 1197, 1208. Professor of Botany, 906, 995. Professorof Civil taw, 1174. Professor of Divinity;' 263, 687. Professor of Geometry, 1 080. Professor of Hebrew, 687, 859. Professor of Mathematicks, 860. Professor of Mustek, 580. Professor of (Economy, 1066. Professor of Oriental Tongues, 827. Professor of Physick, 58fJ» 696. Professor of Poetry, 1005. Prole, 419, 1159. Prolocutor, 855i '. Prologue,. 1130. Promoting Christian Know- ledge, 1009; 1036, 1187. Prompters' Bench, 1115. Propagation of the Gospel, 903, 905, 914, 979, 988, 989, 1010, 1015, 1016, 1054, 1095, 1126, 113S. Propertius, 387. Prophecies, 930i , Prophecy, 951- Prophets, 1018.. Proselytism, 837. Protestant Churches, 577. Protestant Dissenters, 974, 1006. Protestant Education, 1115. Protestant Interest, 1021. Protestantism, 103, 644; 713, 775, 818, 821, 8S4, 831, 835, 837, 843; Protestant Mercury, 399i Protestant Popery, 952. Protestant Religion^ 257, 258, 564, 993. Protestants, 551, 574, 6"37, 667, 759, 786, 819; 841, 842, 879, 908, 906, 9S9 r 1021,1095,1144. Protestant Schools, 574,375. Protestant Succession^ 938. Providence, 871, 879, 928, 936, 995, 1034, H0g«, 1072; 1073, 1095, 11'1'S^ 1117, 1143; \\m, 1188.- Provincial Synod,. 6*6.. Provost Marshal/ 727.. Prowd, 11-52/ Prussia, *xvi. Pryce, 1151, 1190. •Prynne, 67% 674, 692, 694* 793. PryorVLey, 432, Psalms,. 626, 1018, 1031„ 1187. Pseudo prirmtrves, 969. Pteruptagia, 1203. Pubhek- Baptism, 865, 1015. Publick Characters quoted,. 1180. Public* Feasts, 1020v PubficK Intelligence quoted,. 787. Pudding-Lane, 345,34?. Puffenddrf, 842, 923. Pugti, 374, 1188, 1220. Pulleirr, 558. Pulley, 246, 294, 729. Pulleyni 403 1 , 404, 410, 411, 414 Polly, 247, 248. INDEX, 1945 PnNye, 1195. Pulpit Eloquence, 694, 695. Pulteney, 1025, 1048,1043, 1101, J lv3. Pulteney quoted, 745, 755, 858, 859, 867, 877, 886, 889, 897, 899, 945, 949, 963, 964, 996, 1040, 1041, 1054, 1056, 1057, 1059, 1063, 1066, 1067, 1072, 1078, 1080, 1084, 1085, 1092, 1093, 1096, 1097, 1101, 1 102, 1116, 1120, 1123, 1134. Puritanism, 620, 630, 690. Puritans, 959-561, 563, 571, 572, 675, 606, 616, 633, 635, 664, 669, 688, 693. 741, 763, 945. Purse Caundell, 711. Purveyors of Alms, xvii. Putley, 1204. Putney, 836, 837. Pygot, 109. Pym, 648. Pyndar, 468. I^renaean Mountains, 858. Pyrrhus, 465. Pythagoras, 922. Pythias, 462. PyweH, 556. Quadriga Salatis, 668. Quainton, 1212. Quakerism, 1033. Quakers, 966, 967. Quaque, 1133. Quarles, 558, 559,738, 776, 787, 805, 806, 1193. Queen Anne's Bounty, 1048, 1049. Queenhithe, 1175. Queens, 1026. Queen's Birth-Day, 1137. , Queen's College, Cambridge, 790, 1203, 1204, 1218. Queen's College, Oxford, 39, 59, 567, 767, 889, 1064, 1085, 1086, 1210, 1211, 1214, 1217. Queen's Evil. 599. Queen-Square, 518. Queen-Street, 374. Quernby, 1150. Quesnel, 816, 874. Quinny, 1195. Quintilian, 910, 922. Qiunton, 1211. Racovian Catechism, 741, 774. RadcBf, 1150. Radcli6fe,1021, 1026, 1208. Radford, 313, 1179. Radley, 1204. Radnige, 1191. Radnighe, 1191. Ragniere, 317. Rajah, 1069, 1070; Rainbow Coffee-House, 977. Raine parva, 363. Raines ford, 1197; Rainolds, 564, 606, 617, 618. Rainsbe, 156. Rainsbee, 124, 594, 596. Rainsbye, 123, 152. Ralph quoted, 1043. Rampisham, 805. Randall, 558. Rands, 1208. Ranken, 1162; Rankin, 185. Rankins, 1192. Raphoe, 803, 804, 807, 825, Rapin quoted, 147,304, 305, 384, 389, 449, 593; 605, 607, 613, 614, 630, 663, 708, 710, 711, 799, 800, 806, 819^821, 824-826, 830, 831, 834-837, 842, 843.' Rashfield, '477. Rastrick, 891. Ratcliffe, 67, 105, 565. Ravens, 57, 70, 72,77, 80- 82, 88, 91, 94, 114, 115, 117-119, 137, 139-141, 584, 608, 1189. Eavius, 801. Rawdon, 867. Rawlett, 1186. Rawlins, 1195. Rawlinson, 39, 152, 158, 156/594, '596, 621, 667, 668, 957, 969, 994, 1023, 1030-1032, 1035, 1037, 1049, 1064,. 1144, 1201, 1,214. Rawlinson's MSS. quoted, 22, 397, 406, 698', 837, 849, 864, 866, 878, 881, 885-887, 892, 905-907, 914, 921, 923, 940, 944- 946, 948, 949, 952, 957, 959-965, 969, 970, 973, 979, 982, 985, 989, 990, 992-995,999-10 II, 1003, 1005, 1009, 1011, 1014, 1021, 1022, 1026* 103O, 1031, 103?, 1039, 1041, 1042, 1045, 1051-1053, 1035, ,1060, 1064, 1074, 1075, 1080, 1096, 1119, 1121, 1122, 1129, 1184. Rawreth, 805,806. Rawmeere, 253. Rawson, 298, 1155. Ray, 859, >!67, 922, 996, 1040, 1084, 1123. Rayl, xvii Ray quoted, 859. Rea, 374. Read, 78. Reade, 43, 52, 53, 53, 59, 60, 63, 64, 1162, 1204. Reader ot Moral Philoso- phy,. 881, 1025. Reading, 4, 32, 46, 49, 69, 70, 153, 336, 338, 869, 944, 980, 1001, 1002. Reading quoted, 296. Reading School, 1200. Reasonableness of Christia- nity, 883 Reasonableness of Confor- mity, 891. Rebellion, 665, 680, 7S6, 738, 744, 764, 780, 1059, 1060 Rebels, 214, 720, 721, 729, 835. Recorder of London, 5, 140, 222, 414, 428, -507, 537, 697, 722, 729, 1060, 1067, 1117, 1118, 1146, 1149, 1163, 1206, 1212. Reculver, 786. Recusant Romanists, 684, 704, 832. Recusants, 684, 719. Recusant Separatists; 684. Red Lion, xxi, 878. Redman, 63, 1196. Reelye, 170. Reformation of Manners, 972, 1006, 1051, 1095. Reformation of Religion) xiii, 685, 944. Reformer, 635. Refugees, 989, 1132. Regency, 941. Regeneration, 1035. Regent, 736. Register Book of Ordinary Courts, 18a Register of Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge; 806- Register of Prerogative- Court, Canterbury, quo- ted, 195,207. Register of St. John's Col- lege,. Oxford, quoted, 62, 67,106, 187, 1129 Register of St. Martin's, Ludgate, quoted, 863. Register of the School's Pro- lalipn, 161, 175, 180, 313, 321-326, 329, 374, 389, 401, 454, 486, 488, 494, 49 r >, 502, 506, 508-513, 516, 519, 525-527, 529, 535, 5S6, 539; 543, 1164. Regius Professor of Divini- ty, 287, 855, 889, 1032; 1147, 1214. Regius Professor of Greek, .585,725,790, iU8, 1194. Regius Professor of Hebrew, 1103, 1210. Regius Professor of Medi- cine, 881,949, "99, 1199. Regius Professor of Modern History, 1022, 1041, 1065. Religion, 1076, 1126. Religious Charity; 1016. Religious Epicure, 1020, Religious Instruction, 1187. Religious Loyalty, 1016. Religious Seamen, 1015, Religious Societies, 1074. Remembrancer of London, 1204. Rem met t, 529, 5S0, 1166- 1168. Renaudot, 816. Renegado, 691. Renovation of the World> 1019. Re-ordination, 891. Repetition Day, 460.. Repetitioner, 865, 1015. Reprobation, 853. Reston, 1192. Restoration, 736, 798, 80S, 816, 868, 996, 997, 1015, 1174. Resurrection, 948, 957,991, 1015, 1129. Rettell,.117& Revelation, 1008, 1018, 10S3, 1073. Revolution, 849, 899, 906, 952, 1045. Rex FabaruiD, 620. Rex PlatonicusquotedtfilO- 612. Reynardson, xxviii, 263,. 1153. Reyner, 688. Reynoldes, 1164. Reynolds*. 76, 780, 1055,. 1158,1167. Rheimes, 626, 627. Rhese, 269. Rhesus, 1174. Rhetorices Elementa, 326i Rhetorick, 695. Rhine, 656. Rhodope, 934. Rhudde, 1147, 1209^ 1220. Rich, 222, 710, 1212, 1219. Richard II. xvi, xvii, xxiii, xxv, 643. Richard III. xxiv, xxv, 9. Richards, 364, 465, 851, 1212. Richardson, 678,, 679, 1035, 1040. Richman, 1059. Richmond, 599, 1085. Richmond, Lenox,, and Au— bigny, 1126. Rickesmonde, 40, 63, 64, 70, 1189. Riddle, 1159. Rider, 236. Ridley, 23, 125, 556, 916, 972, 1009, 1074, 1075,. 1077. R;gby, 524, 1157, 1158.. Rigeley, 2, 1149. Ringelbergius, 910. Rippin, 170, H92. Risden, 1194. Rites of the ChurcU, 963s .1246 INDEX.; Ritualists, 968. Rivers, xxviii. Rivett, 396. Rixman, 72. Roaeh, 382, 957, 992, 1000, 1201. . Robarts, 1161. Roberds, 1175. Roberson, 535, 1217. Roberti, 667. Roberts, 803, 807, 1160- 1162, 1174, 1175 Robinson, 38-40, 275, 276, 506, 553-555, 777, 960, 965, 968, 1019,1 072, 1 151, 1152, 1167, 1196, 1199, 1207, 1209. Robotham, 679. Robsou, 1162,. Rochddle, 786. Rochester, xxvii, 38, 124, 125, 188, 201, 203, 204, 209, 211, 556, 614, 618, •628, 631,641, 663, 805, 817, 856, 885, 1004, 1094, 1122, 1190, 1191, 1215. Rockhold, 558. Rockingham, 989. Roderick, Prince of Wales, .1174. Rodolphus, 879. Rodorigo, 343. Rodway, 1153. Rodwey, 1151. Roe, 5, 1157, 1207. Rogations, 913. Rogers, 195, 196, 223, 253, 344, 556, 558, 889, 894, #43, 1161, 1162, 1171, 1199. Rohault, 926. Roisia, 1141. Roland, 559. Rolles, 1199. Rolls, 1157. Rolls of Parliament, 503. Roman, 443, 1080, 1171, 1209. Roman Coins, 928. Romanists, 548, 571, 572, 627, 649, 659, 660, 667, 957. Romans, 784, 791, 874, 953. Roman Station, 632. Roman Temple, 756. Rome, 106, 368, 549, 620, 626, 627, 64S, 819, 862, 1130, 1138. Romish Divines, 563, 590. Romish Emissaries, 709. .Romish Priest, 958, 1019. Romish Religion, 27, 590, 625, 626, 637, 673, 680, 687, 848. Rood Church, 228. Rooke, 895. Rookley, 475. Root, 1197. Roote, 323. Rootes, 393. Roots, 1032. Roper, 911-913, 917, 925, 930-933, 971. Roquette, 1210. Rosabella, 465. Rosacrucians, 667. Roscius, 1138. Rose, 2, 10, 35, 342, 488, 1149, 1181, 1184, 1187, 1198, 1199, 1213. Ross, xxvii. Rotterdam, 625. Rolteringham, 1175. Roufignac, 1203. Round, 196. Rous, 283, 290, 297, 300, 301. Rouse, 759. Row, 1193.. Rowe, xxviii, 2, 5-7, 16, 25, 29, 31, 119, 146, 155, 1064, 1149-1151. Rowe Chapel, 7. Rowhampton, 848. Rowley, 643. Royal Academy of Madrid, 1102. Royal Anne, 1016. Royal Chapel, 153. Royal College of Surgeons, 1188. Royal Exchange, 585, 833. Royal Family, 1116. Royalists, 763,771. Royal Library, 743. Royal Master, 673. Royal Mausoleum, 736. . Royal Sign Mauual, 1173. Royal Society,503, 746,880, 886, 899, 963, 976, 996, 1041, 1054, 1056-1058, 1084, 1085, 1097, 1101, 1102, 1138. Royal Sovereign, 1015. Royce or Royse, 787-789, 1157, 1197. Royston, 1141. Rubrica, 387. Rubricks of the Church, 781, 855,909, 968,1030. Rudd, 444. Ruddock, 1157. Rudston, 363, 364, 860, 1200. Rulasus, 827. Rumferd, 1041. Rumphius, 1084. Rumsteed, 207. Runnington, 786. Rupert, 685, 708, 995. Rusden, 1217. Rush, 516,1215. Rushworlh quoted, 670, 681, 685, 669, 699, 702, 708. Russel, 1184. Russell, 33, 38-40, 43, 44, 52, 53, 62-64, 109, 145, 359, 1155, 1190, 1203, 1205. Russia, xxv, 1122, 1144, 1170. Russians, 873. Ruthven, 28. Rutland, xxvi, 776, 1023. Ryckius, 827. Ryder, 139. Ryland, 462, 539, 1212, 1218, 1219. Ryley, 404. Rylie, 1191. Rymer, 421, 1203. Rymer quoted, 244, 639, 641. Ryton, 150. Ryves, 764, 790. Sacheverel, 906, 907, 961. Sacramental Devotions, 991. Sacraments, 1075. Sacred Liturgies 875. Sacrilege, 1004. Sadducee, 1134. Sadlers' Hall, 890. Saffin, 445. Sage, 554. St. Alban's, 673, -806, 828, 861, 942, 973, 999, 1014, 101.5, 1017. St. Alban's Hall, Oxford, 238. St. Alban's, Wood-Street, 969, 1074. St. Aldate's, Oxford, 816, 860, 999, 1199. St. Alphage's, 1015, 1016, 1074. St, Ambrose, 622. St. Andrew's, Holborn, 192, 198, 1210. St. Andrew's Uudershafr, 4, 150, 213, 349-351, 968, 1014, 1072, 1169, 1175. St. Andrew's University, 540. St. Andrew's by the Ward- robe, xiii, 24. St. Ann's, Limehouse, 1178, 1187. St. AnthoUn's, 150, 169, 198, 228,416, 1184. St. Asaph, 463, 856, 897, 1055. St. Augustine, 583, 945, 1136. St Augustine's.Bristol, 1208. St. Austin's, Watling-Street, 1132. St. Barnabas, 873. St. Bartholomew's Closr.,661. St. Bartholomew's Day, 781. St. Bartholomew's by the Exchange, 27, 179,180. St. Bartholomew's the Great, 1132, 1133, 1142, 1171, 1174-1176, 1208- St. Bartholomew's Hospital 149, 828. St. Bartholomew's the Less, 1174,1211. St. Basil, 875. St. Bee's, 23, 643. St. Benedict, xiv, 687, 688. St. Benedict's Chapel, 28. St. Eeue'tFink, 1181. St. Bene't, Gracechurch- Street, 119,1015, 1178. St. Bene't, Paul's Wharf, 403. St. Bene't Sherehog, 4, 189. St. Botolph's, Aldgate, 150, 375, 376, 1210. St.- Botolph's, Billingsgate, 26. St. Botolph's, Bishopsgate, 412, 1041. St. Bride's, Fleet-Street, 68, 346,972,079, 992,1000, 1059, 1073, 1074, 1095, 1126. St. Catharine's, Coleman- Street, 1185. St. Catharine's Hospital, 47. St. Catharine's Precinct, 375, 376. St. Christopher - le - Stocks, 39, 272, 1128, 1178. St. Chrysostom, 658, 875, 926. St. Clement's Danes, 342. St. Clement's, Eastcheap, 1178. St. Cross, 868, 995, 1198. St. Cyprian, 606, 959. St. David's, xxvi, 153, 209, 211, 212, 241, 292, 556, 641, 644, 645, 677, 784, 798, 856, 886, 905,1204. St. Dionis Backchurch, 78, 887. St. Dunstan's in the East, xiii, 135, 1119, 1178. St. Dunstan's, Stepney, 1174. St. Dunstan's in the West, 256, 163, 777. St. Edmund the King, 803. St. Edmundsbury, 683, 692, 801. St. Edmund's Hall, Oxford, 569, 621, 667, 668. St. Ethelburgh, 1045, 1174. St. George, 592,1136. St. George's, Botolph-Lane, 240, 1015. St. George of Cappadocia, 1136. St. George's Feast, xxiii. St. George's, Hanover- Square, 1209. St. George's, Southwark, 1059, 1060. St. George's, Tomblands, 1169. St. George's, Windsor, 638, 708, 764. index; 1247 St. Germains, 876. St Giles's, Cripplegate, 10, 38, 55, 148, 576, 607, 657, 658, 788. St. Giles's in the Fields, 5, 358, 747, 756, 792, 826, 979. St. Giles's, Oxford, 78, 94, 432, 619, 620, 642, 711,' 786, 906, 1021, 1064, 1177, 1190, 1194, 1158, . 1207. S*t Giles's, Reading, 722. St. Gregory, 1136. St. Gregory's, in Canterbury, 786. St. Gregory's College, 687. St. Gregory's near St. Paul's, S40, 765, 944. St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, „ 711, 851, 1177. St. James's, Garlick-Hill, xvii, 342, 914,1015,1016, 1181. St. James's Palace, 733, 734, 743, 893, 1010. St. James's Park, 734. St. James's Place, 1045. St. John, 1115. St. John Baptist, 1011- 1013, 1184. St. John's College, Cam- bridge, 37, 75, 76, 22% 252, 253, 287, 503, 529, 530, 634, 766, 767, 771, 788, 792, 817, 818, 908- . 913,916, 917, 922, 925, 931-933, 937, 970,971, 982, 1036, 1041, 108°, 1165-1169, 1171,. 1180, 1183, 1190, 1197, 1199, 1200, 1204-1206, 1210, St. John's College, Oxford, 4, 11, 32, 33, 35-38, 40, 41,44,47,48,51,53,56, 58, , 59, 61-63, 67, 69, 71-73, 77, 78, 80-82, 87, 91, 93-97, 100-102, 104, , AD5, 109-114, il6, 118- 124, 128-132, 134-137, 140, 141,145-145, 148, 149, 151, 153, 155, 156, 168,. 170, 171,179,181, 182, 184-188, 191-195, 199:, 201, 202, 204, 206- , 213, 221, 225-227, 229- 236, 238-244, 246-249, 251, 255, 256, 258-264, 271-275, 277, ?79, 281, 283, 285H290, ,293, 303, 309, 310, 314-324, 3S»6, 329, -332-341, 344, 348- 350, 353; 356, 357, 359, 360, p63, 365, 366, 369, 370, 372, 376-378, 382- 384, 388-391, 394-397, 399-4Q4, 406; 407, .410, 411, 414, 416,;418-4», 423, 424, 426, 429, 431, 432, 434, 436, 437, 439- 444,446, 450-454j.458, 462,464, 468, 471, 472, 477, *86, 488, 490, 494- 496, 498, 499, 501, 502, 504, 506, 508, 509, 511- 517, 519, 520, 525, 526, 529,531-539, 553-555, 570, 571, 575, 577-579, 582, 584-586, 590, 591, 595-602, 607, 609, 611, 615-617, 619-621, 623, 624, 628, 634, 635, 639- 641, 646, 662, 665-668, 672, 675, 676, 678, 681, 685-688, 696-698, 708, 711, 712, 722, 725-729, 744, 747, 762, 767, 768, 776, 777, 786-788, 790, 791, 795, 796, 798, 800, 802, 809-815, 818, 821, 822, 824-826, 829, 830, 836, 837, 844, 848, 849, 852, 858, 860, 863-866, 868, 869, 871, 878, 880, 881, 885-8"87, 889, 894, 905, 907, 908, 914, 918- 920, 923, 989, 941-946, 948,.. 949, 953-955, 957; 961, 962, 964, 965, 968- 970, 973, 987i 988, 991, 992, 994, 999, 1001-1003, 1006, 1008, 1009, 1014; 1015, 1017, 1021-1026, ,1030, 1041-1043, 1055, 1059, 1060, 1063-1065, 1072, 1078, 1080, 1101, 1115, 1119, 1128-1132, 1134, 1141, 1142, 1177- 1181, 1183r-1218. St. John's College Oxford Oath, 332-334- ,. St. John's College Register . , quoted, 321, 340, iL St. John's College Statutes quoted,. 249* 26g,. 329- , 339. . , ; , St. John the. Evangelist, 150,932. . . St, John's,. If ackney, 7. St. John's-Street, 1040, 1127. St. Kenelm, xiv. St. Kewe, 616, 694, 695. St. Laurence, 274. St. Laurence in the Isle of Thanet, 786.. Sfc} La |lrence Jewry,. }18, 680,^79,992, 1 19, 1044, 1073, J126. St. Laurences Lane, 744. St. Laurence Pountney, xiii, 1, 7, 10, 11, 29, 31, 34- 37, 48, 51, 52, 57, 58, 60, 64, 65,66, 69,72, 73, 84, 85, 88-92,. 9A 96, 105, 107, 112, .11,3, 118,4.1}, 132, 134, 147, 155, 170, 173, 174*181, 182, 185, 187, 189, 193, 200, 214, 215, 220-222, 224, 226, 229-232, 234-236, 239- 243, 248-250, 259, 263, 270, 271, 273, 275-278, 282, 288, 289, 293, 294, 302, 306, 313, 319, 323, 325,328, 329/337, 344, 346, 347, 350,, 352, 354- 356, 358, 360, 363, 369- 371,378, 386, 390, 393, 399, 411, 418, 420-423, 433, 435-438, 444, 451, 457, 458, 460,.' 475, 477, 531,539,675,1178,1188. St Laurence's, Reading, 1199, 1206, 1209, 1213, 1215. St. Leonard's, Eastcheap, 1015. St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, S1045, 1145,1181. St Macatius, 965, 1063, 1064. St. Magnus the Martyr, 26, 27, 38, 194. St. Margaret's Cliff, 786. Stt Margaret Moses, 179, 826. St Margaret's, New Fish- Street Hill, 228, 680. St. Margaret's, Westminster, 271,757,994, 10354095. St. Martin's, Birmingham, . 1210. Si. Martin's in the Fields, 136, 819. St. Martin's, Ludgate,1212. St. Martin Orgars, 1178. St. Martin's Outwich, xxi, 135-137, 139, 140, 296, 317, 363, 426-428, 430, 504, 553-555, 944, 989, 1178, 1180, 1181, ,1202, St. Martin's, Vintry, 764. St, Many, 32, 274. St,, Mary Abchurch, 124, 353, 398, 420-422, 1128, .1178,1187; , St. Mary's Aldermanbury, 3, 124, 680, 782, 795, 850,857,1170,1184. St. Mary, Aldermary, 169... St. Mar-y-at-Axe, 349-351, 1074. St. Mary,Je-Row, 169, 397, 399,624, 860, 883, 979, 990, 992, 993, 1033, 1034, 1037, 1044, 1051, 1095, ,109,fc 1073, 1074, 1126, -1214. StMary's, Cambridge,560, 925, 926. St. Mary Cole, 1022. St. Mary's, Exeter^ 803. St.'Maiy's Grammar School, 349. St. Mary's. Hal),- Oxford, 77, 789, 790,' 1180. St. Mary-at-Hil!, 136, St. Mary's, Leicester, 943: St. Mary. Magdalen's, Ber- mondsey, .375, 376, 1207. St. Mary Magdalen's, Milk- Street; 635. St. Mary Magdalen's, . Old Fish - Street, 256, 650, 661, 944. St. Mary Magdalen's, Ox- ford, 32, 696, 1193. St. Mary Magdalen's, Taun- ton, 1017. St. Mary Major, Exon, 1013.- St. Mary Mounthaw, 422, 1179. St. Mary's, Oxford, xiv, 578, 580, 616, 626, 643, 668, 694, 712, 790, 796, 846, 1044, 1073, 1129. St. Mary's, Blading, 777, 898, St. Mary-UvStrand,.1181. St. Mary's, Stratford-le-Bow^ 982. St.Mary's,Whilechapel, 905s St. Mary's Woolnoth, 135. . St. Mary's, Woolwich, 1016. St.Matthew's,Bethnal-Greens 1115. St. Matthew's, Friday-Street, 188, 213, 803, 953. St Matthias's Day, 989. St. Michael's, Bassishaw> 1184, 1211. St. Michael's, Cornhill, 150, 184, 487,822, 1080,1207. St.Michael's, Crooked-Lane, 787, 1181, 1184. St. Michael's, Queenhithe, , 953. : , St. Miohan's, 1009. St. Mildred's, Bread-Street, 228, St Mildred's in the Poultry, 1043,3 044., St. Nicholas Olaves, 256. St. Nicholas in the Isle of Thanet, 786. St.. Nicholas, Rochester, 1005. , St.Olave's.Hart-Street, 1214. St. Olave's, . Jewry, 817, 1195. St Olavejs School, 1179. . St. Olave's, Silver-Street, , 754, 755, .779., , ,;., St. Olave's, Southwark, 884, i 971,1049,1051, 1052. St.. Outer's, 818,823,832,,' St Pancras„-24. , St. Patrick's, Dublin, 779, 984, 1029. St. Paul, -945, .1034. ' St.JPaul's Bedford, 5. St. .Paul's Chape], 77.' St. Paul's Church- Yard, 878., St. Paul's, Coven't Garden 431. ' ' ! 1248 INDEX; St. Paul's, LOntloh, 25, 26, S6, 38, 77, 136, 168, 169, 48;:, 189, 192, S'Ot, S03, £03, L-3LS, '-"16, '-W, 4(13, 431, 576, 6)4, 6)6, 657, 694, 738, 771, 777, 778, 780, 7«6, "789, 79 , 80.5, 806, 828, 854, 8oi, 865. 899, 915, 9-23, 965, 973, 9$4, 1015, 1016, 1931, 1014, 1045, 1072, 1073, 1133, 1144, 1169, 1174, 1211, 1216 St. Paul's School, 86, 322, 11-77. St. Peter, 548. St. PeVer's, St. Alto's, '861, 1200. St. Petersburg, 1.144. St. Peter's Cheap, 632. SI. Peter's, Cotehester, 82$. St. Peter's, Comhill, 39, 412, 654,^86, 1217. Si. Peter'* in the East, Ox- ford, 642. St. Peter's Hill, 308. St. Peter and St. Paul, Batb, ES8. St. Peter's, Tavy, 1037. St. Peter's, Westminster, 654, 1052. St Peter's, Worcester, 1053, 1184. St. Peter's, York, 994. St. Philip's, 1100. St. Quintin, 1174. St. Saviour's School, 385, 1!83. St. Savioar's, Southwark, 118, «49, 651. St. Sepulchre's, Cambridge, 817, 827. fit. St- fiulctoe's.ifendon, 375, 376, 790, 828, 866, 919, 939, 945, 979, 1001, 1011, 1018, 1019, 1021, 1095, 1132, 1186, 1196, 1202, 1205, 1207, 1208, 1211. St. Stephen's, Bristol, 1204. St. Stephen's, Canterbury, 42. St. Stephen's, Coleman- Street, 695, 680, 1201. St. Stephen's, Walbrook, 189, 1212. St. Swithin's, London-Stone, 197, 199, 342, 362. St. Thomas's Hospital, 149. St. Thomas's, Southwark, 1059, 1060, 1186. St. Vedasf s College, 687. Saleve, 867 Salisbury, xxvi, 4, 70, 87, 88. 14., 172, 241, 242, 245, 263, 292, 555, 614, 710, 777, 846-848, 902, 1067, 1102, 1126, 1175, 1193. Salisbury Plata, 7SS, 791. Salisbury School, 1189. Sallust, 460, 922. Salffiasius, 304, 307, Sll, S)4. Salmon, 196, 1:035, 1303. Salt, 1215. Salte, 1151. Salter, xxviii, USB, 1160, 1203. Saltern, 303, 310, 1197. Salteme, 152,163,311. Salter*' Hall, 952, 1066, 1007. Salop, 1171, 1176. Sflttrey, 863» Sal vblatile oleosuro, 978. Samaritan, 872, 873. Samaritan Epistles, 874. Samaritan High Priests, 873. Samaritan Pentateuch, 875. Sancroft, 169, 846, 847, 989, 1045. Sancfoft's MS. quoted, 645. Sandcroft, 473. Sandes, 643. Satitlers, 486, 1193, 1200. Sanderson, 263, 767, -777, 922. Sandford, 803, 1214. Salisbury, 109,1190. Sandwich, 42, 1126. Sandwich School, 1203, Sandys, 24, 85, 213, 564- 667, 588, 605, 618, 640, 641, 643, 665, 717, 1190. Sanga, 462. S anker, xxviii. Saasbury, 594, 599, 619. Sansovino, 879. Santorini, 899. Santry, 1010. Saie, 1157. Sargent, 1217. Sarum, 569, 592, 621, 623, 634, 660, 666-668, 678, 1176, 1177. Saunders, 76, 193, 442, 444, 512, 1158, 1161, 1208, 1209, 1215, 1220. Saunderson, 118. Sauston, 24. Savage, 982, 1047, 1157, 1159. Savilian Library, 810. Savilian Professor, 839. Savilian Professor of Astro- nomy, 802, 810. Saville, 717, 718, 810. Saville House, 1117. Savoy Hospital, 24, 257, 780 782, 819, 848, 879. Sawtrey, 862. Sawyer, 832. Saxby, 205, 1193, 1198. Saxon, 1144. Saxon Paraphrase, 1085, 1093. Swtbns, 873. Sasdny, 466, $74. Say, 6BV707 Sayer, 353, 384, 48 ?. 8S0, 1199. Scales, xxvit.15*, 1152. Scaliger, 800, 827. Scam bier, 693. Scandalirm Magnitum, 850. Scsrdefield, 1216. Scarletri, 466. Searniftg, 473. SearsdaJe, xxvi, 816, 903. Scepticism, 991. Sclreltenbcrg, 895. Sfchelling, 346. Schevelerus, 5*. Schism, 781, 1045. Schism Act, 951. Sehismaticks, 788. Schism bill, 939, 1006. Schoen, 187, 499, 1*13, 1220. Schola Botaftica, 858. Schola libera, 412. Scholar's Oath, 332, 863. Scholey, 1178, Schflmborg, 107«, 1679, 11414,1218. School Feast 'Sermon, *?7, 883, 885, 984, 990, 992, 993, 1044, 1073, 1095, 1180. School's Probation quoted, 19. Schools of the Prophets, 1044. Schoon^ll, 172. Scbbtesham, 1149. Scipio Atricanus, 435. Sclater, 836, 837, 847; SclaVohians, 87S. Scobell quoted, 753. Scot, 89, 61.5, 772. •Scotch Bishops, 621, 622, 688, 689. Scotch Canons, 688, 689; Scotch Commissioners, 717. Scotcher, 1210. Scotch Kirk, 606, 615. Scotch Liturgy, 688, 6&9> Scotch Ministers, 572, 615, 622. Scotland, 192, 549, 589, 605, 606, 609, 615, 621, 626, 632, 671, 688-690, 729, 748, 751, 759, 769, 774, 834, 894, 903, 904, 1010, 1060, 1120. Scot's Yard, 1132. Scott, 530, 3168. Scotton, 1196. Scripture Doctrine, 939,940, 953. Scroggs, 819, 820, 1209. Scroop, xxvii. Scudamore, 677. Seagrave, 943. Seamen, 1126. Seapoys, 1070, 1881-1084. (1086-30.91, 1098, 1103* , 111*. • Search after Truth, 976. Searchfield, 85, 129, 147, 152, 156, 584, S94, '601, 634,643, 1190. Sen Water, 1098. Secter, 1127. 1132. Second UndermaSters,! 182- 1184. Secretary of State, 576, 641, 842, 884, 948, 983. Sectaries,. 974. Secundus, 1026. Sedekio, 949. Setiiliousness, 105U Seedling Lane, -35®. Seignior, 791. ; Seignioretr, 1159; Selden, 279, ■466,640, 641, 699, 743, 1188, Self LOW, 979. Sellon, 508, 510, 1213. Seminary Priests, 819. Seneca, 649, 650, 909. Senex, 465. Senior, *i35, 1153. Separation, 891.' Separatists, 855, 951. Septuagint, 87*. Sepulchral Cell, 1141. Seqnier, 873. Serioas Admonition, 891. Serjeants Feast, xxiii. Serjeants' Into, 1208. Serjeant-at-LHw, 625, 669, 730, 1146, 1213, 1215. Serle, 223. Sermon Lane, 374. Servant, 1176. Servant'sCalliflg, 1031. Service Book, 689. Severn, 708. Seward, 468. Sewell,S61, 1156. Seymour, 736, 1201. Shackerwell, xxi. Shackleford, 460. 461, 472, 1145, 1184, 1187, 1207, 1212. Shacklewell, 7. Shaftsburyj 832, 1025. Shakespeare, 609. 610, 777, 795, 1026. Sharp, 937,941,958. Sharpe, 406, 420, 473, 478- 480, 483, 485, 489, 1019, 1187,-1205, 122a Shawe, 43. Sheafe, 823,1197. Shee, 1172. Sheet, 1172. Sheffield, 1007. Sheldon, 670,756, 786, 802, 822. Sheldonian Theatre, 1026. Shelley, 1180,1186, SHelty, 1201. INDEX. 1249 Shelton, 558. Shenfield, 135. Shenstone, 432. Shenton, 1161. Shepham, 105, 119, 1151. Shepherd, 1146, 1208. Shepley Yield, 328. Sheppard, 1186, 1197. Sherard, 370, 379, 858, 859, 867, 877, 886, 889, 897, 899, 945, 949, 963, 964, 995, 996, 1040, 1200. Sherardia, 996. SheTborn, 1192. Sherbourn, 738, 777, 821. Sherbourne House, 632. Sherbrook, 1159. Sherburne, 184, 793. Sheriffs, xv, 353, 686, 640, 697, 794, 829, 946, 979, 1060, 1126, 1149, 1151- 1158, 1160, 1161, 1163. Sherley, 820, 1192. Sherlock, 1132. SherKood, 341, 858. Shield, 1210. Shmgleton, 43, 53, 63. Shipper), 1024. Shipton, 623, 1155. Shirboum, 232. Shirley, 672, 673, 675. 693, 710, 741, 779, 792-794, 1205. Shooter's Hill, 1058, 1066. Shoreditcb, is. Short, 862, 1153, 1156. Shorte, 203, 359, 361, 362, 364. Shorten, 482. Short Hand, 976-978. Sbuftyng, 393^39.5, 398, 399, 404-406,436,1178. Shotover, 580. Shrewsbury, xxvi, 657, 707, 708. Shropshire, 24, 663. Shrubb, 1218. Shuckford, 1210. Slrnstoke, 1210. Shuce, 526, 1216. Shutewell, 1209. Shuttlewood, 359, 1200. Sibbard's Wold, 786. Sible Heningham, xvi. Sichem, 874. Sicilian Usurper, 881. Sicily, 866. Sidebottom, 541, 543, 1210. Sidney: Sussex College, Cam- bridge, 268, 271,328, 696, 1036, 1177, 1186, 1109, 1204. Sigean Inscription, 943. Sigrifofs della Tone, 879. Silexedra, 640. Silvester, 462, 464; 465, 471,506,538,1146,1163, 1212, 1219. Simalio, 462. Simon, 864. Simpson, 448, 680. Singleton, 306, 1193. Sion College, 224, 270, 296, 307, 314, 322, 412, 756, 783,914, 918,919,1074. Sion College Library, 866. Sion House, 733. Sitirn Eructe folio, 1063. Skevynton, xix. Skinner, 225, 462, 486, 557, 1169, 1212. Skinners' Company, xv. Skipp, 12U. Slacks 1220. '4* r „ , -'"■':• n% ?19, 220, 394, 1152. Slany, 1159. Slaughter, 836. Sloane, 996, 1040, 1063, 1085. Smalewood, 210. Smallwood, 33, 317, 320, 357. Smalridge, 960. 'Smalwood, 1193. Smart, 391, 1155, 1157. Smarte, 343,355,359. Smectymnuus, 794. Sraelley, 34. Smith and Smyth, xix, xxii, 68, 94, 105, 107, 108, 130-133, 135, 137, 184, 187, 190, 191, 198, 209, 217, 249, 251, 252, 317, 318, 326, 341, 357, 359, 363, 364, 372, 379, 383, 391, 396,420, 424, 425, 428, 429, 432^434, 436, 444, 456, 473, 481, 521, 557, 796, 801, 840, 874, 885, 894, 895,924, 991, 1003, 1031, 1079, 1151, 1152, 1155, 1157, 1172, 1177-1180, 11-82, 118.3, 1186, 1189, 1192, li-JS, 1197, 1198, 1200-1203, 1206, 1209, 1218, 1220. Smithfield, xxi, 1040. Smith'quoted,797,798, 800- 802, 810, 811, 815, 877. Smithes, 1193. Smyrna, 897, 945, 940, 1027. Snape, 952, 982. Sneating, 192. Snel), 526,1157, 1204,1216, 1220. Snelling, 230, 235, 473, 480, 729, 744, 1194. Snelson, 1216. Snow, 276, 277, 1196. Soam, 1169. Soame, 361, 366. Soames, 1156. Sobermjndedness, 1006. Sobieski, 1042.' Society of Antiquaries, 503. Socinians, 741.' Socrates, 1041. 7 Solicitor-General, 222, 832, J 010, 1146. Solitary Confinement, H87. Somerset, xxv, 34, 110, 835, 856. Somerset House, 688, 708, - 944, 1051, 1205. Somersetshire, 1105, 1201. Somerton, 642. Soramer, 1161. Somnium Scipionis, 1026. Sonds, 989. Sone, 152, 153, 156. Sones, 1179, 1190. Sons of the Cletgy, 973, 904, 1080. Sophocles, 842. Sophompaneas, 747, 756. Sophrona, 462. Sotherton, 95, 99, 105, 113, 119, 123, 149, ISO, 155, , 157, 168,1150,1151. South, 1036, 1186. Southake, 614. Southampton, 729, 005, 994, 1176. 1206. South Bemnete, 60. Southern Scholars, xiii, xiv. South Hanningfield, 1175. Southover, 1127'. SouthSeaAnnuities, 504,506. South Sea Company, 962, 1025. Soulhwark, 38, iHO, 346, ' 826, 1051. South Wamborough, 885, • 886, 898, 1192, 1199. South Warneborough, 1200, 1203, 1209, 1214. Sooth Weald, 1203. Southwell, 576. Southworth, 223. Sovereign Omnipotence,871. Sowtoh, 1013, 1014, 1203. Spain, 230, 549, 592, 643, 644, 687, 823, 1131. Spalato, 257, 643, 880. Spaldinge, 255, 1171. Spanheim, 827. Spaniards, 1125. Spanish, 924, 1016, 1101, 1130. , Spanish Congregation, 687. Spark, 344. Sparke, 47, 814, 815, 1199. Sparks, 1163, 1200. Sparrow, 968; 1032. Spatemau, 1205. Speaker of the House of Commons, 42, 647, 724, ' 730, 746, 750, 75l, 757, 772, 924, 1000, 1011. Species Plantarum, 1093, 1120. Spectator, 975. Spectator quoted, 914. Speed, 185, 220, 272, 273, 341, 423J 43b, 678, 696, 697, 712, 728, 729, 775, u 905>- 1192, 1106, 1203, 1205, 1206. Speidell, 519, 1216, 1220. Speight, 1152. Spelman, 1003. Spence, 1155. Spencer, 37, 57, 73, 103, 119, 168,^69, 842, 884, 1119, 1150. Spehdlove, 228. Spene, 100. Spenser, 85, 564, 566, 568, 580, 608, 618, 621, 630, 631, 1189- Sperke, 2, 1150. Spier, 187, 437, 1157, 1208. Spilwater, 1186. Spinckes, 969. Spinola, ?32. Spinozist, 802. Spiritual Court, 1004, 1012. Spiritual HormUes, 965,1064. Spitalfields, 955,1181. Spiral Sermon, 972. Sponges, 1084. Spolswood, 615, 621, 622. Sprage, 524, 1216. Springttam, 143,1152. Springsfeld, 1056. Sprint, 130. Sprofe, 70, 72, 82, 105, 114, 124, 1189. Sprott, 55, 56, 78. 04 115, 123. Spurling, 382, 421. Spurstow, 803. Squire, 1192. Stace, 1260. Stafford, xxv, xxvii, 810, 823, 1175. Stafforde, 1175. Staffordshire, 4l5, 417, 83$. Staines, 989. Stalrnan, 1218. Stamford Rivers, 65, 86, 647, 1177. Standard Bearer, 634, 1169, Standdn, 1115, 1208. Stanford, 153, 328. Stanford School, 268, 1177. Stanhope, 654, 924,951,977. Stanhope quoted, 557, 608. Stanley, xxvii, 341, 741, 1153, 1198. Stanmere, 1174, Stanton by Dale, 507, 1211. Stanton Harcourt, 431. htanwell, 764, Stapehorst, 1203. Staple, 185; 220; 239, 240, 248-251, 267, 268, 270; 323, 370, 1177, 1192. Staples, 1161, 1205. Stapleton, 76, 721. Stapylton, 795. Star Chamber, xviii, 656, 664, 692. Starling, 355. * States General, 843. 1250 INDEX. Stationers' Company, 503, 697. Statute Boot of Magdalen College Oxford, 845. Statutes of Hereford, 677, 679. Statutes at , large quoted, 410. Statutes of St. John's College, Cambridge, 912, 925. Statutes of St. John's College, Oxford, quoted, 863. Staverton, 384, 1159. Stawell, 805, 1195, 1201. Steadman, 1220. Stebbing, 1074. Steed, 1160. Stella Prffldicantium, 659. Stellated Class, 996. Stemmata Chichleana, 1174. Stephens, 103, 875, 876, 1003, 1006, 1041, 1122, 1123, 1219. Stepney, 1205. Stern, 559, 1182. Sterry, 453,1210. Stevens, 63, 183, 306, 308, 312-314,1046,1047,1115, 1177, 1192, 1211. Stevenson, 240, 729, 1195. Stewaid of the Household, 862. Stewards of the School Feast, 1095, 1219,1220. Stewart, 1072. Stileman, 393. Stiles, 255, 1161, 1202. Still, 26, 75, 76, 80, 554. Stillingaeet, 1123. Stillington, 1001. Stilyard, 346. Stint, 1154. Stoboeus, 368. Stock, 211, 212, 1193. Stockbridge, 1126. Stockdaile, 1194. Stocke, 553. Stacker, 541, 543, 1218. Stockton, 437, 1208- Stode, 135. Stoic Philosophy, 963. Stoke, 1191. Stoke Newington, 1170. Stokes, 524, 1217, 1220. Stone, 188, 22", 293, 316, 320, 867, 1154. Stonehenge, 678, 756, 791. Stonehouse, 745, 1204. Stonestreet, 524. Stonhouse, 455. Stopes, 33, 491, 1213. Storre, 1183. Stoughton, 784, 906, 1208. StoughtonMagna,1129,1186, 1204. Stow, 1207. Stow Lindsey, 921. Stow quoted or corrected, xvii, xxi, xxix, 1, 5, 7, 8, 10, 78, 135, 150, 151, 251, 274, 328, 353-355, 577, 588, 605, 822, 884, 1174. Stracey, 423, 428, 446, 1 060, 1007, 1206. Strafford, 699, 701, 702, 704, 851. Strainge, 1158. Strand, 24, 688. Strange, xxvii, 136, 139, 159. Stratford-le-Bow, 180. Straunge, 1154. Streatfield, 1160, 1161. Street, 1162, 1205, 1220. Streete, 155, 190, 205,1151. Strephon's Revenge, 1042. Strictura? Lucis, 1018. Stringer, 487, 579, 611, 1162. Strut, 524. Strype, xxlx, 393, 851, 880. Strype quoted, 9, 568, 574, 576,. 623. Stuart, xxviii, 21, 252, 394, 404, 438, 439, 442, 44,<>, 446, 504, 506, 541, 761, 769, 948, 1012—1014, 1203, 1215-1213. Stuart's Will quoted, 439. Stuarts, 941 . Stubbs, 384, 865, 889, 902, 914, 918, 942, 970, 973, 999, 1003, 1014-1017, 1147, 1201. Stubs, 558. Stukeley, 1136, 1141. Sturbridge, 909. Sturminster Marshal, 680. Styan, 1162. Styche, 1060, 1061. Style, 247, 249, 251, 256, 257, l>64. Styles, 240, 1200. Styptic Agaric, 1093. Snbah, 1111. Subatier, 1161. Subscriptions to rebuild the School, 361. Suckley, 27. Sudbury, 76, 692. Suetonius, 881, 910, 922. Suffolk, xxv, xxvi, 172, 557, 558, 630, 683, 684, 690, 692, 704. Suffolke Lane, 356, 359', 360,361,364, 365. Suicer, 926. Sujahul Dowlah, 1139, 1140. Sulyerd, 2, 10, 1149. Sunday Alms, 657. Sunday Exercise, 928. Sunderland, 841, 842, 844, 884. Sunning, 1025, Sunningwell, 1204. Surajah Dowlah, 1097,1105, 1110. Surda, 465'. Surel, 1132, 1133. Surgeons of Merchant-Tay- lors' School, 1093,1188. Surgery, 1146. Surius, 627. Surrey, 10, 22, 169, 559, 807, 809, 840, 850, 884, 916,917,926,1051,1145, 1176, 1184, 1199. Surry, xxv. Surveyor General, 802. Sussex, xxvi, 1, 376, 543, 786, 818, 1085, 1127, 1131, 1171, 1176, 1.184. Sutcliffe, 621. . _ Sutton, xvii, 68, 85, 680, 681, 1097, 1115, 1166, 1175, 1190, 1211, 12L4. Sutton East, 786. Sutton's Hospital, 221. Swaffham, 473. Swaine,445. Swainson, 1218. Swalden, 287, 1196. Swale, 106. Swallowfield, 624. Swann, 1157. Sweden, 709, 751, 752, 756, 757, 769, 1121. Swedish Conspiracy, 948. Swedish Divine, 1066. Sweeting, 1204. Swift, 460, 984, 986, 1028, 1029,1127,1135. Swift quoted, 1030. Swinnerton, xxviii,171,1173. Switzerland, 902. Swynnerton, 149, 150, 155, 157, 168, 171, 172,1151. Sydney, 88, 307, 769. Sylla, 650. Sylloge Stirpium Europasa- rum, 867. Sylvanus, 818. Sylvester, 890, 1006. Symmonds, 491, 1213. Symons, 524, 527, 1216. Sympson, 59. Symsonc, 60. Synge, 1009. Synod of Aberdeen, 903. Synopsis Criticorum, 875. Synopsis Methodica Stirpi- um Britannicarum, 659, 1040. Syntagma de Mathesi, 875. Syriac, 797, 811, 875, 916. Syrians, 873, 874. Syriscus, 462. Tables of Descent, 1165, 1174. Tacitus, 704, 910. Tackley, 1202, 1209, 1212, 1214. Tadlow, 372, 945, 1200. Tailcoat, 557. Tailor, 277, 1197. Tailors, xviii. Talbot, xxvii, 835, 847, 989i Tallis, 87. Tanjore, 1069. Tanjorines, 109Q. Tanner, xvi. Tanquam Socius, 558, 562V Taplow, 668. Tappe, 34. Tarcagnota> 807. Tartars, 1122. Tatem, 1160. Tathwell, 443, 1209. Taunton, 825, 830, 835,. 866, 918, 921, 990, 1132, Tavener, 1206. Taverner, 430, 1154. Taxer of Cambridge, 558. Tayler, 136, 135-141, 147, 206, 207, 1196. Tayler's Will quoted, 207. Taylor, 273, 275, 276, 278, 311, SSI, 357, 361, 454, 455, 50^, 524, 525, 538, 784, 1016, 1144, 1154, 1156,. 1157, 1172, 1195, 1196, 1202, 1205, 1210, 1211, 1219. Taylors, xvi-xviii, xxi. Tedcastle, 1151. Telemachus, 917, 922. Temple, 109, 111, 225, 119?. Temple Bar, 977. Temple Church, 196, 256, 342, 790, 807, 1130, 1212. Temple Garden, 346. Temple Gate, 833. Ten Commandments, 657, 668, 858, 872, 874. Tennant, 1152. Tennison, 448, 881, 884 892, 905. Terence, 909, 934, 1130. Terras Filius, 964, 965. Terra; Filius quoted, 952,, 955, 964, 965. Terrell, 1155. Terrett, 404,. 1204. Territt, 437, 442, 1207,1208- Tertullian, 60'6. Test of Love, 1042. Tetandrons Class, 996, 1093. Tetanus, 1134. Teversham, 632. Tew, 453, 1210. Tewing, 136. Texel, 835. Teynton Regis, 870. Thais, 462. Thames, xvii, 149, 235. - Thames-Street, xvii, 194, 345, 346. Thanksgiving, 780. Thanksgiving Days, 526. Thatcher, 1151. Thayer, 570. Themes, 910, 922,926,934, 1058, 1066. Theobalds, 614, 6-16, 647.. INDEX. 1251 Theocritus, 910. Theodorus, 465. Theodosia, 343. Theodosius, 811. Theognis/-910. Theological Aphorisms, 287. Theological Magazine, 1072. Theology, 695, 1009. Theophrastus, 460, 624. Therageuticks, 588. Thermae Carolina:, 1056. Theses, 922, 926, 934. Thetford, 959. Theydon-Gernon, 26. Thinne, 1172. Third Undermasters, 1185- 1187. Thirlby, 922. Thistlelhwayte, 988, 1172. Thomas, 40, 423, 426, 428, 463, 487, 593, 1054, 1055, 1086, 1118, 1125, 1126, 1151, 1162, 1189, 1202, 1205. Thomas a Kempis, 910, 922. Thompson, 85,258,265,360, 375, 376, 401, 487, 528, 643, 1042, 1044, 1162, 1163, 1176, 1180, 1184, 1187, 1195, 1196, 1200, 1204, 1213, 1218. Thorald, 559. Thorles, 63. Thorley, 1171. Thome, 1183, 1185. Thornes, 205, 1193. Thornton, 902. Thorp, 129, 130, 443, 863, 1191, 1209, 1220. Thorpe, 137, 138. Thorp-Hales, 130. Thraso, 462, 1131. Threadneedle-Street, xxi. Three Black Crows, 1135. Three Cranes, 347. Thrushington, 1182. Thuanus, 1174. Thunder Clouds, 1059. Thurciston, 1182. Thurman, 1185, 1186, 1197. Thursby, 1187. Thurston, 1196. Tiberius, 697, 881. Tidcomb, 1156. TilLard, 1216. Tillesley, 188, 366, 1200. Tilley, 1155. Tilman, 558. Timworth, 482. Tindal, 27, 906, 1030. Tindal quoted, 847, 850, 855, 856, 860, 866, 885- 888* 893-996, 898, 900, 903, 907, 924, 939, 942, 943, 948, 952, 953, 967, 968, 992, 993, 100O, 1035, 1067, 1081, 1084, 1086. Ttpperary, 540. Tireman, 443, 455, 994, 1209. Tirone, 998. Tithes, 656, 1004. Tiverlon, 150. Tivill, 1198. Todd, 468, 1161. Tonilinson, 10. Tomlynson, 2, 1150. Torason, 573, 580, 592, 593, 608, 627, 628, 1189. Tongue, 786. Tonson, 1026. Tooker, 620. Tooly, 404, 949, 962, 1021, 1025, 1204. Toppe, 1150. Toppesfield, 60. Torbay, 846. Torbnck, 323, 1197. Torcol, 465. Tories, 826, 831, 899, 900, 924, 938. Tories, 43. Torriano, 383, 384, 878- 881, 898, 902, 921, 924, 942, 946, 1157, 1159, 1161, 1200, 1201, 1206. Torrington, 524. Torrubia, 1101. Tortura Torti, 619, 653, 656. Totenhale, 24, 26, 168. Toulmin, 1188. Tourmalin, 1116. Tournay, 634, 1169. Tournefort, 858, 1093. Tourney, 421. Touse, 145, 146, 1191. Towcester, 796. Tower, 153. Tower-Hill, 10, 174, 376, 417, 762, 1119. * Tower of London, 55, 376, 523, 704, 707, 718, 720, 740, 763, 766, 772, 773, 777, 785, 790, 822, 823, 1119,1169. Tower-Street, 228. Towers, 211, 214, 219, 220, 715,1152. Townley, 455, 460, 462- 470, 475, 486, 487, 494, 496, 498-502, 505-507, 519,520,539,1119,1120, 1123, 1127, 1129, 1132, 1138, 1144, 1178, 1186, 1208, 1212, 1219, 1220. Townley's MSS. 460, 463, 464, 466. Townsend,ll60,1181,1184. Townsend's Bequest, 1181. Townsend's Wills quoted, 1181. Townshend, 858, 867, 989. Towse, 147. Tradescants, 1071, 1072, 1079. Tragick Muse, 693. Translations, 922. Trapp, 1019, 1024. Trappes, 1184, 1190. Trappes' Wills quoted, 1184. Traske, 656. Travelling Fellow, 1208. Travers, 2, 10, 1150. Traves, 2, 10, 1150, 1152. Treasurer for rebuilding the School, 363. Treasury, 758. Treatons Toy, xxii. Trebell, 1167. Tree of Life, 1001. Trelawney, 892, 1197. Trembly, 1085. Trench, 1197. Trent, 507. Trenwith, 1082. Tres Nugffi Poeticae, 1003. Trew, 1120. Triandrous Class, 1120. Trico, 465. Triers, 777. Triglandius, 827. Trim, 1000, 1052. Trimnell, 842, 892, 893, 899, 900, 1025. Trinitarian, 1031. Trinitarian Controversy, 953, 985, 991, 1008, 1019, 1073. Trinity, 826, 939, 940, 953, 971, 985, 1007, 1011, 1044, 1073. Trinity Church, Cambridge, 788. Trinity College, Cambridge, 75, 76, 168, 287, 426, 465, 560, 791, 798, 975, 976, 982, 1080, 1103, 1176, 1180, 1181, 1203, 1210,1213, 1215,1216. Trinity College, Dublin, 872. Trinity College, Oxford, 302, £01, 649, 846, 851, 973, 1037, 1131, 1179, 1189, 1212,1214,1216. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 447, 449, 450, 516-519, 527, 530, 817, 982, 1066, 1204, 1206, 1208. Trinity House, 1199. Trinity Lane, stvii,- 1176. Trinity the Less, xvii, 1175, 1176. Tritchjnopoly, 1081, 1087. Trollope, 446. Trott, 1182. Truro, 804- Tryon, 1159. Tuam, 680, 1009. . Tucker, 142-144, 204, 240, 738, 1158, 1191, 1195. Tuckney, 767, 817. Tudeley, 196. Tuderley, 23. Tuer, 118, 125-129, 212, 494, 601, 618, 1191, 1194. Tukey, 238. Tull, 1183. Tulley, 11§3. 'fully, 164, 166, 220, 241, 244, 246, 248, 922, 934, 949, 1025. Tunbridge, 33, 49, 69, 78, 236, 336, 338, 393, 457, 780. Tunbridge School, 1177, 1180, 1212. Tunstall, 1064. Turbervil, 796. Turcism, 691. Turkey Company, 897. Turlington, 263, 11.54. Turner, xxviii, 263, 293, 317, 318, 320, 339, 354- 356, 359, 361-365, 367, 387, 396, 426, 427, 817, 932, 1153, 1156, 1183, 1186, 1193, 1200, 1213, 1214. Tumor, 1197. Tuscany, 886. Tutt, 1159. Twickenham, 1042. Twigger, 1206. Twyne, 142. Tyburn, 305, 581, 833. Tylehurst, 862. Tylers' Company, 6. Typographical Antiquities quoted, 438. Tyrconnel, 847. Tyrone, 592. Tyrrell, 492, 922, 1213. Valcanius, 876. Vaillant, 963, 996, * Valence, 478, 489, 499. Valsanina, 879. Van Bodicoate, 1215, 1220. Vander Muyden, 842. Vane, 721, 770. Vanmildert, 519,1147, 1214, 1219. Vansommer, 468. Vassal, 558. Vatican, 559. Vaughan, 558. Vautrollier, 87. Vaux, 1151. Udall, 86. Vegetable Fly, 1101. Ven, 1154. Venables, 105, 119, 1151. Venice, 240, 898, 946, 1059. Venn, 710, Verdon, 971. Vera, 487, 1161, 1162, 1205. Vernon, 149, ISO, 155, 157, 123, 195, 200, 201, 252, Tu2 1252 INDEX. 406, 407, 4J1, 415, 443, 471,472,513,514, 1151, 1161. Vernon's Will quoted, 193, 200, 201. Verses, 910, 922, 936, 934, 952,1026,1121, 1136. Vertue, .145-148, 1191. Vertumnus, 609-612, 662, 906. Veteres vindicate 837. Vicar General, 1138. Viccars, 1154. Vice Chancellor of Cam- bridge, 56Q, 664, 798, 982. Vice Chancellor of Oxford, 578, 617, 642, 662, 726, 802, 860, 869, 871, 889, 892, 895, 964, 973, 1008, 1044, 1145, 1200, 1204, 1211, 1213. Vice Consul, 1176. Vicegerent of God, 907. Vice. Patriarch, 904. Vickers, 452-454, 1159, 1160, 1211. Victor, 627. Vienna, 862. Vigils, 913. Vilett, 243, 24J, 248, 259, 260, 263, 274, 275. Villers, 54, Villette, 1216. Villiers, 815. Vindictai Ingeniuro,! 744. Viner, 680. VIntry, 347. Virgil, 793, 909, 915, 1022, 1121. Visegill, 207. Visehill, 207. Visitation of Hants quoted, 1171. Visitation of Magdalen Col- lege, Oxford, 845, 846. Visitation Sermon, 1184. Visitation of the Sick, 655. Visitor, 840, 844, 845, 892, 919, 1025, 1165, 1167- 1469. Vitruvius, 875. Vitty, 1168, 1169. VivatRex, 668. Vivian, 1217, 1220* Ulster, 791. Ulysses, 465. Umberley, 625. XJnday, 1193. Undergraduates of Oxford, xiii. Undermasters, 1179-1187. Union of England and Scot- land, 897, 898. Unity of the Church, 959. Universities, 1004. University College, Oxford, 6'38, 889, 1189, 1208. Wniversily Education, 964. University Sermon, 9S5. University Statutes, 767, 775. Unton, 109, 110, 582. Unton's MS. quoted, 109. Volta, 1066. Voltaire, 1121. Volunteers, 1145. Vossius, 659, 774, 876,922. Vows, 656, 1006. Up Clatford, 1209. Upfold, 468, 1160. Uphill, 1198. Uppingham, 1022,1205. Uppingham School, 1166, 1167. Upton upon Severn, 1174. Urlin, 1060. Urling, 1215. Urrey, 1171,1172. Usborn, 1198. Usborne, 323. Usher, 258, 626,702, 780. Usury, 656. Utility of Probations, 167. Utrecht, 842, 902, 924. "Vulcanius, 827. Uxbridge, 718. Vylett, 242. Wachter, 1207. Wadd, 519, 1146, 1188, 1220. Waddington, 2, 1149. Wadham College, Oxford, 384, 857, 865, 897, 992, 1014, 1026, 1201-1203, 1208. Wadington, 10. Wadley, 109. Waghom, 1162. Wake, 896, 951, 1037v Wake quoted, 610. Waldegrave, 1086. Waldersham, 786. Waldron, 607, 1213. Wales, 286,558,867,1174. Walford, 1201. Walgrave, 1171. Walker, 40, 412, 805, 997, 1007, 1101, 1192, 1195, 1203, 1211, 1217. Walker quoted or corrected, 290, 292, 723, 738, 741, 777, 778, 787, 805, 821, 825, 851, 852, 856, 857, 870. Wall, 128, 339, 1211. Waller, 633, 71 1,892, 1136. Wallis, 361,362,^365,371, 797, 871, 875, 989, 1155, 1156,1161. Walloons, 713. Wallwin, 1195. Wallwyn, 233, 235, 246. Walmer, 786. Walpole, 1022, 1025, 1042, 1043. Walpoole, 205, 208, 1193. Walrond, 486, 1212. Walsall, 416. Walsh, 1217. Walsingham,' 566, 579. Walter, 277, 452,663,1210. Walters, 1163, 1179, 1183. Waltham, 658. Waltham Abbey, 1054. Walthamstow, 1027, 1064. Walton, 486, 498,620, 758, 1161, 1204. Walton's Lives quoted, 564, 583. Walwyn, 280, 281, 284, 286, 293-297, 299, 712, 722, 727, 744, 777, 805. Wandell, 1156, 1159. Wandsworth, 880. Wanley quoted, 970. Wanstead, 1209. Wantling, 1189. Waple, 314, 341, 379, 802, 814, 823, 825, 829, 830, 865, 866, 918, 919, 1001, 1198. Wapping, 197, 342, 362. Warburton, 1121 Warburton quoted, 368. Ward, xxviii, 154,156,220, 238, 240, 281, 354, 357, 358, 3fa2, 419, 421, 559, 658, 683, 803, 825, 870, 1156, 1158, 1191, 1195, 1196, 1200. Ward quoted or corrected, 220, 569, 585, 586, 588, 610-612, 638, 661, 662, 880, 881, 898, 902> 924, 942, 946, 949. Wardall, 358. Warde, 284, 286, 295, 354, 355, 360-362, 729. Wardell, 365, 1156. Wardens of the Merchant- Taylors' Company, 1149— 1164. Wardour, 819. Warham, xix. Waring, 1215. Warmistry, 763,764. Warneford, 452, 1210,1216. Warner, 183, 214,219,220, 242, 243, 246, 248, 276, 277, 322,, 696, 729, 800, 1153, 1192, 1196, 1197, 1216. Warnford, 526. Warren, 3, 46, 49; 127, 145, 146, 339, 344, 382, 512, 982, 1146,- 1154, 1191, 1199, 1200, 1215, 1220. Warton quoted, 42, 87, 564. Warwick,, xxvi, 110, 648, 701,' 795, 857,881,1162. Warwick quoted, 700-702, 730, 787. Warwick-Lane, 650. Warwickshire, 514, 777, 117.6. Wase quoted, 236, 341, 347 t 382. Washborne, 1193. Washbourne, 442, 807, 1 208, Wasing, 1214. Waterford, 634, 679. Waterland,1004,1008, 1035, 1037, 1038, 1074. Water JParsnep, 1063, 1116. Waterson, 170, 1185.. Watkinson, 404. Watlington, 707, 1213. Wats, 1203. Watson, 76, 130, 421, 435,- 817, 905, 1024, 1032, 1033, 1040, 1054, 1056- 1058, 1063, 1065 1067, 1071, 1078, 1079, 1084, 1085, 1092-1094, 1096, 1098, 1100, 1101, 1104, 1116, 1120, 1123, 1134, 1138,1146,1163,1217. Watsonia, 1120. Watton, 473. Watts, 24, 28, 30, 38-41,. 224, 270, 375, 376, 401,. 404, 554, 557, 658, 659, 783, 787, 988-990, 1006, 1105, 1106, 1160, 1205. Waugh, 412. Waynmanns, 208. Weales, 448, 444, 458; 1 186, 12^8. Weapon Salve, 667. Weavers' Company, 1181. Web, 726. Webb, 70/72, 82, 105, 263>- 302, 316, .756, 791, 804, 807, 1-201, 1213. Webbe,. 78, 11.51. Webber,. 442. Webster, 487, 1212. Weedon, 437, 1208. Weights and Measures, 872.. Weldon, 1176. Welles, xxvii. Wellington, xxv. Wells, 76, 130, 256, 296* 298. 302, 303: 324, 379,.. 732,802, 804, 816, 821- 823, 825, 830, 866, 914*. 921, 961, 990, 1015,, 1018, 1195, 1198. Wells of Ships, 1097. Welstead, 1220. Welsted, 1047. Welton, 534, 535, 1217* Welwood, 816. Wenchop, 420. Wenman, 711. Wensley, 1183. Wentworth, 269, 750.. Werham, 473, 474. Wesley, 920. West, 118, 126-128, 348,. 419, 436, 987, 1184,, 1186,1191, 1205. Westbury, 1018. INDEX, 1253 West Cheam, 1202, 1206. West Dereham, 472, 473, 480. Western Empire, 540. West Ham, 427, 1 199. West Harptre, 626. Westley, xxviii, 237, 238> 246, 411, 1166, 1195. Westminster, six, 25, 27, 28, 38, 41, 43, 54, 60, 76, 77, 109, 111, 113, 116, 118-126, 129-131, 134- 137, 141, 143, 145, 147, 153, 169,192,206,221,223, 296, 304, 311, 322, 576, 587, 59] . 6(W. 36, 40, 41, 44, 48,51, 53,58,67,70,72, 78, 82, 94-96, 98, 99, 105, 110, 112,114, 116- 120, 124, 126, 127,129, 134, 137, 138, 143-145, 149, 151, 154, 201, 204- 206, 241, 249, 252, 258, 261, 265, 273, 278, 279, 285, 286, 288, 293, 301, i 317, 318j, 329, 333. 340, S4i, J6T, 365; 366, 374, 395, 407, 419, 423, 451, 461, 467, 468,-508,509, 526, 528, 531, 534-537, 543, 581, 607, 609, 636, 675, 677, 686, 837, 1025, 1041, 1149, 1150, 1155, 1156, 1158, 1162, 1198, . 1215. Whitechapeli 195, 197, 342. Whitechurch> 668. White Friars, 741. White-Hall, 33, 305, 311- 313, 384, 386, 598, 634, 644, 672, 710, 734, 743, 792, 825i 843, 869, 897, 907. Whitehall, Bobert, 796. White-Hart, 1032. Whitehead, 23, 27, 28. White-Horse-Tavern, 830. Whicell, 474, 489. Whitelocke, 211, 584, 639, 645, 663, 669, 670, 673- 675,678, 690,698,699,704, 705, 707, 710, 711, 713- 719, 721, 723-725, 730, 731, 733, 735, 742-744, 746-7-54, 756, 757, 759, 760, 766, 768, 769, 771- 773, 776, 816, 1146, 1190. Whitelocke quoted or cor- rected, 225J 640, 642, 663, 670, 674, £90, 699, 700," 70S?, 705-707, 711, 713, 714, 717-719, 721, 722, 724,'725;. r 7 i 27„?30- 753, 735, 740, 742-744, v : 74tf-tf54, 757-760, 76fi, 7168, f 60; 7^1-773, 778, 787: ' " Whitfield, 510, 786, 1034, 114#;ii 75/1214, 1220, WhifgfrV%!6, i2l, 407, 559, 560, 5?5, 582, U9, 6tir, 623,'^77. WhirgirfS ^Register quoted, WlifrloWi,- 95, 108, 22^. ' IVbitmorei 1-50, 2. Willis quoted, 662, 671,869, 900, 941, 1(^5. WiiKSi;MS& quoted, 87. Willojighbj,i xjx, xxvii,, ■r,7?jS.y*|3fi. WiUs, 1157. Willymot, 1126. Wilmore, ^96. Wilrnot, 1079.. Witmot quoted, 844. Wilson, 394, 507, 542, 1057, 1133, 1174, 1184, 1187, 1194, 1216, 1220. Wilson quoted, 633, 733. Wilton, 147. Wilts, 825, 870. Wiltshire, 54, 94, 514, 776, 987, 988. Winchelsea, 660. Winchester, xix,xxvi,xxvii, 33, 38, 76, 94, 95, 104, 105, 113, 117, 122, 125, 134, 148-151, 157, 199, 233, 263, 333, 348, 383, 384,395,400, 564, 592,. 633, 641, 646, 651, 653, 654, 658, 660, 740, 753, 810, 822, 830, 840, 842, . 868, 869, 879, 883, 885, 898-900, 940, 941, 944, 950, 965, 987, 988, 995, 1004,- 1005, 1025, 1051, . 1119, 1174, 1199, 1200, 1202, 1204. Winchester-House, 644. Winchester-School, 11, $0. Winchester-Stairs, 346. Windebank, 692. Windham, 995, 1000, 1008, - 1009, 1011, 1021, 1033. Windlesham, 1216. Windsails, 1097. Windser, 1201. Windsor, xxi, 26,142, 385, . 386,^92, 593, 614, 628, . 632, 664, 671, 676, 677, 703, 709, 735, 736, 764, . 765, 784, 862, 893, 1119,., 1178 Windsor-Castle, 714, 736. Windsor and Eton Express, . 736". Wingfield, 432, 1059, 1186, 1207, 1211., Wingham, 191, 209-211, . 242, 243, 1193. Winkler, 1058. Winmill,-524., Winnard, ,187, . 263, ££& 728, .775, iJ95. Winniff, 232,!233., Winslow, 1017. Winstanley, 1156. Winstanley quoted, 761, , 766. Winter, 460, 462, 464, 1171, 1176,1212,1219. Winter.born, 1208. Winterbottom, 518, 1209. Winterbourne, .1131, 1210, 1212. Winterslow, 987,988, 1172. Winton, 1198. Winwood, 711.1 Wisbech, 43. Wise, 2b9, 512, 1215,1220, Withers, 39, 41, 55, 252, 359*708,832,1031,1155. 1254 INDEX, Withypall, 8. Wilsen, 827. Wittemberg, 1058, 1092, 1102. Wolley, 106. Wolverhampton, 431, 664, 677, 764. WolverhamptonSchool,1179. 1180, 1182, 1183. Wolvertou, 1180. Womack, 475. Wood, 252, 258, 263, 269, 274, 280, 288, 289, 297, 300, 302, 310, 328, 983, 984, 1030, 1153, 1164, 1186. Wood quoted or corrected, xiv, 9, 22, 24, 26, 43, 54, 55,60,62,74,76,77,103, 107, 110, 118, 124, 130, 142, 169, 180, 191,208, 213, 221, 223, 236, 240, 248, 548, 553, 556, 557, 564, 568-573, 575, 578, 581, 582, 584, 588- 593, 605, 607, 610, 612, 615-618, 620, 621, 623, 625,627, 629, 63 1, 634, 635, 637, 639, 640-643, 650, 661, 662, 665-670, 673, 676, 678, 680, 681, 686-688, 693-695, 704, 707, 708, 710-712, 717, 719, 721-729, 736, 741, 742, 744, 746, 747, 750, 753, 755-758, 764-766, 768, 775-777, 779, 780, 784, 786-791, 793, 796- , 799, 802-805, 807, 810, 812, 814-816, 822-826, 828-830, 835, 837-840, 847, 848, 851, 858, 860, 865, 867, 868, 870, 871, 873, 874, 877, 878, 881, 885, 894, 898, 905, 921, 942, 944, 945, 959, 962, 965, 991, 992, 995, 999, 1003, 1008. 1022, 1025, 1041, 1055, 1065, 1078, 1101, 1174, 1179, 1180, 1182, 1185, 1186, 1217. Woodford, 514. Woodgate, 1215, 1220. Woodmason, 1162. Woodrising, 473. Woodroff, 1202. Woodroffe, 388, 898, 987, 1217. Woodrooffe, 536. Woodstock, 100, 25fi, 571, 578, 590, 639, 685. Wood-Street-Compter, 416. Woodward, 447, 449, 1193, 1203. Woolerton, 1190. Wooller,126, 193, 2.52, 414, 477, 488, 514, 1152. Wooller's Will quoted, 194, 414, 415. Woolley, 190, 1152. Woolnough, 1155, 1196. Woolston, 999, 1017. Woolwich, 322. Wootton, 136, 1211. Worcester, xxvi, 24, 63, 121, 328, 5C7, 662, 670, 677, 708, 746, 763, 764, 780, 789, 816, 856, 869, 942, 1053, 1080, 1096, 1100, 1184. Worcester College, Oxford, 1204, 1215. Worcester-House, 888. Wgrra, 557. Wormius. 791, 875. Wornal, 192. Worrall, 276, 1196. Worsley, 1172. Wotton, 174, 182, 760, 786. Wray, 269, Wren, 137, 133, 142-144, 148, 209, 220,558, 594, 603, 632, 634, 640, 643- 646, 648, 649, 664, 669- 672, 676-679, 683, 685, 688-693, 695, 699, 700, 702, 703, 707-710, 714, 720, 727, 740, 741, 746, 760, 765, 766, 771, 773, 774, 780, 781, 785, 791, 798, 802, 810, 974, 1191. Wrenn, 1192. Wren's Parentalia quoted, 632, 645, 649, 664, 672, 676, 679, 684, 693,704, 710, 727, 761, 766, 771, 782, 785, 798. Wrigglesworth, 326, 1198. Wright, 27, 95, 105, 113, 190, 216, 229, 230, 233, 277, 278, 473, 480, 481, 685,686, 694, 704, 712, 719, 729, 741, 754, 779, 851, 856, 857, 1055, 1151, 1158, 1166, 1167, 1171, 1176, 1180, 1183, 1190, 1194, 1196, 1217. Wriothesley, xviiL Wroth, 142, 143. Wyat, 797. Wyatt, 3, 287, 298, 300, 767, 768, 924, 1196. Wyddoson, 1185. Wydnell, 90. Wyld, 260. Wylde-Hall, 81. Wyley, 1158. Wyllyot, xiv. Wyndon, 33. Wynnard, 264, 265. Wynne, 516, 517. Wynter, 539, 12X8. Wythers, 1158. Xenophon, 960, 962, 1041. Yakesley, xxi. Yalding, 196. Yalmeton, 1186. Yalmpton, 870. Yardley, 428, 1144, 1167. Yarmouth, 169, 683, 752. Yarnton, 694, 719, 729, 857, 1177. Yarpole, 414. Yates, 283. Yatminsler, 569. Yearde, 1195. Yeldar, 554. Yoinans, 79, 84, 1179. York, xxv, 23, 34, 39, 43, 222, 233, 556-558, 565, 567,622,643,671,717,729, 738, 746, 774, 778, 806, 818, 829-831, 888, 937, 945, 960, 978, 980, 1001, 1003, 1007, 1103, 1126. Yorke, 1213. York Herald, 1176. York House, 648. Yorkshire, 27, 980, 1176. Young, 38, 39, 54, 61, 473. 48Q, 556, 1024, 1174. Youth, 1074. Zanchio, 343. Zealand, 172. Zeraim, 873. Zinzano, 388, 393, 426. 944, 1030, 1031, 1202. Zoology, 1084. Zoophytes, 1084. Zouch, xxvii, 412, 564, 644. Zurioh, 26. Zjitphen, 110, ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. The Bishop of Winchester, Visitor of St. John's College, Oxford, has done the Author the honour of desiring him to put down his Lordship's name to this Work ; but the intimation to that effect did not come to hand till after the Hist of Subscribers was printed. Page xxv. His Royal Highness the Duke of York and his Grace the Duke of Norfolk -were admitted to the Freedom of the Merchant-Taylors' Company, 20th Dec. 1814. 20, I. 6, rape, oyle, read rape-oyle. 37, 16, n. Broad-Street read Bread-Street 1,, n. Middlesex read Essex. 4,n. notwithstandinge. 8, n. ccmany read company. 5, n. done read downe. 13, Addrewes read Andrewes. 5, 7i. probalities read probabilities. b, n. sorte read shorte. 8, n. lest read last. 6, n. story read study. 32, 7i. being read been. paymnet read payment. SOS, pen. n. obit read obiit.. 203, 10, n. opposition read apposition. 21, n. opposition or read apposition a. 15, 7i. oppisicons read appositions. 17, 7t. opposers read apposers. 27, 7i. a negative is wanting, ult. * read t. 17, 7i. vicarge read vicarage. 15, 7i. informity read infirmity. 18, 7i. On read One. 17, 7i. vz read viz. 7, 7i. are leased read which are leased; SO, n. acknowledge read acknowledged. 3, ft. Regiasreud Regifis. 17, 7i. plauge read plague. 18,. n. this read the. 3, 7i. performeing read perform. 16, up read upon. 25,,?!. and our president read when you and our presidents " 40, 62, 63, 85, 111, 147, 149, 191, 196, 204, 206, 213, 220, 238, 248, 253, 26), 263, 264, 272, 274, 298, 302,. 305, 309, 332, 333, 337, 338, 339, 344, 387, 399, 414, 416, Page 303, 1.14, n. together Mr. Bedford read together with ^-. v Mr. Bedford. 12, 71. for read from. 14, 71, your read our. 29, 7i. tenarum read terrarum. 33, n, eiigentium read exigentiam, 27, 71, shcolae read Scheie. 4, Ji. quern sex choristas read sex choristas quern, 4, 71. vita, ejusdem read vita ejusdem. ult. 7i. Iudenturd read Indenturd. 360, pen. n. to cheife read to be cheife. 375,. ult. 7i. gentlemen read gentleman. 15, 71. et read &c. 6,71. et read &c. 18, 7i. Orletun read Orlton.. 11, 7i. Welsall read Walsall. 461, Carm. Szec. St. v. 1. 1, ?i. surgentis read surgentes. . 467, 21,7i. Candidate read Candidates. antepenult, opposed read apposed. 499, 7, n. Parkins read Parkin. In the List of Dr. Watts's Scholars, p. 557, Lancelot: Andrewes, Johannes Wilford, Thomas Dove, Gul. Plat, Matthasus Wren, Edmundus Calamy, Edvardus Quarles,. Joannes Fletcher, .Anton. Death, Johannes. Shelton, Johannes Vaughan, Thomas Nott, Henricus Wild, Guilel. Hamond, Cut Quarles, should have been. printed in, small capitals,, as having been edu- cated at Merchant-Taylors'. It is probable that several others might be justly claimed, but, at this, distance of. time,, it is' difficult to ascertain their identity. 1023, 3, 7i. Robert Bliss read Philip Bliss. 1146,, The Prince Regent has been pleased to grant the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom to. John Silvesteb, of Yardley House, Essex, Re- corder of the City of. London. — From .tie London,, Gazette, Dec. 27, .1814. MARCHANT and GALABIN, - PRINTERS, 1NGRATM-COURT, FENCHURCH-STREET, LONDON.